Diagnosis of CIS and MS in children Pediatric CIS, all of the following is required
Evidence of dissemination of CNS inflammatory activity distributed in more than one CNS location (dissemination in space; DIS) and over time (dissemination in time; DIT)
• A monofocal or polyfocal, clinical CNS event with presumed inflammatory demyelinating cause
Exclusion of MS mimics, particularly antibody mediated demyelinating diseases, infections, leukodystrodystrophies, inflammatory vasculopathies
• No encephalopathy (i.e. no alteration in consciousness or behavior) that cannot be explained by fever
• Absence of a prior clinical history of CNS demyelination
• The diagnosis of MS based on baseline MRI features are not met CIS: clinically isolated syndrome; CNS: central nervous system; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging Thompson AJ, et al. Lancet Neurol. 2018 Feb;17(2):162-173; Alroughani R, Boyko A. BMC Neurol. 2018 Mar 9;18(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s12883-018-1026-3
