Post Covid-19 Pandemic Effects and New Perspectives in Human Life by IRJET Journal

Post Covid-19 Pandemic Effects and New Perspectives in Human Life

Seema Thippeswamy

Abstract

The inception of Covid-19 and its influence over mankind and environment has been immense till now. The human race worked together to cope with the unprecedented situation effortlessly to accommodate themselves to the new normal. The transition from pre-pandemic to new normal was an arduous journey. During this journey mankind persevered to life and emerged strong. Due to the pandemic not only people lost their lives, but the economy and education were also hampered. Health sector was under tremendous pressure. Long exposure to screen, usage of digital media was at its peak. People were distanced socially but not emotionally. Physical and mental stress, loneliness, confinement at home was some serious implicationsthatpeopledealtwith.It'ssaidthateverycloudhasasilverlining,soisthecasewiththepandemic.Manyskills and opportunities were developed and people got some me time due to confinement at home. Workplaces were redefined. Thisresearchtriestodiscussthevariousaspectsthatwereimpacted postpandemicandtheevolutionofnewperspectivesin humanlife.Thepaperhighlightstheaspectsbothpositiveandnegativethathadaseriousimpactand howliveshaveadapted tothenewchangesthatcameintoexistencepostpandemic.

Keywords:aspects,humanlife,perspectives,postCovid-19pandemic

1. Introduction

TheoverallpatternofthecoronaviruspandemicsofarhasbeenaseriesofCOVID-19waves;surgesinnewcasesfollowedby declines. Ever since the inception of COVID-19 from December 2019, has had a lot of influence on human life and has completelychangedtheperceptionofhumanbehaviour.Anothersurgebeganinthemid2021asthecontagiousdeltavariant begantocirculateand eventuallybecomedominant,followed bya third wave bytheend of202l.(1)As perthesources,the mutationsofthevirusstillprevailwithvariants,inmostpartsoftheworld.InIndia,inthemonthofMarch2020anationwide lockdownwasimposedbythegovernmenttogaincontrolonthespreadofcoronavirus.Severerestrictionswereimposedon the movement of people which made people stay indoors with no contact with the outside world. It's been more than two years from now that all aspects of life were seriously disrupted on a large scale and impacted every segment of life. The pandemichasdrasticallychangedthewaywelive,thewayweperceivelife,theoverallworkingofthehumanraceandallthe aspectsrelatedtoit.Havingsaidthat,ithadbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsoneveryone.Theimpactwasnotonlylimited to human health but other aspects related to humans like social, economical, cultural, educational, environmental and emotionalwellbeingaswell.Theworldisworkingtogethertocopewiththeunpredictablesituationcausedbythevirusandis tryingtoadaptto the new normal Theresearchtriesto discussand analyzehowtheliveshaveadaptedtothe newchanges sincethefirstsurgeofCovid-19pandemicandtriestohighlightthevariousaspectsofthenewnormalthatcameintoexistence due to the pandemic and the perception of humans towards life. The impact of COVID-19 has been, by far, the most fatal and widespread, partly because of the severity of the condition and partly because today the world is way more connected making transmission quicker. (India, JULY 2020)

2. What is Covid-19 and pandemic?

At present COVID-19 is one of the biggest challenges to the healthcare sector as well as to mankind at large. Corona virus diseaseisaninfectiousdiseasecausedbytheSARS_COV_2virus.(2)Thisvirustravelsthroughairintheformofdropletssoit spreadsquicklywhichisdangerous.Thereisnosuchstudyastohowlongthepandemicwillcontinuetoprevail.

Thevirusspreadsthroughairanditspreadswhentheinfectedpersoncoughs,sneezesorbreatheswithoutcoveringhis/her face in the close vicinity of others. Wearing masks, personal hygiene, physical distancing, avoiding crowded places and enclosed spaces are needed to stop the spread of Covid-19. The virus leads to several problems such as respiratory failure, heartproblems,liverproblemsandpneumonia.Thesymptomsshownbyapersoninfectedbythevirusvariesfromindividual

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

toindividual. Whenanuninfectedpersonisincloseproximityof1mfromaninfectedpersonthenthechancesoftransmission ofthevirus are thegreatest.Vaccination, social distancing,selfquarantine andisolationare the new normal ways ofleading lifetobesafeandsound. The word “Pandemic” comes from the Greek pan meaning “all” and demos “the people”., and The word is commonly taken to refer to a widespread epidemic of contagious disease throughout the whole of a country or one or more continents at the same time.(Honigsbaum, 2009) The internationally accepted definition of a pandemic as it appears in the Dictionary of Epidemiology is straightforward and well-known: “an epidemic occurring worldwide, or over a very wide area, crossing international boundaries and usually affecting a large number of people” (Harris, 2000) (Qiu, Rutherford, Mao, & Chu, 2016-17)

3. Aspects associated with Covid-19 pandemic:

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected many aspects of human lives and is one of the biggest challenges to the entire world at present. The human perception of life has completely changed. The pandemic made people stay indoors as there were restrictions on public gatherings, meeting people and travel which was stressful to many. Large impact was on the health sector, financial sector, economical sector, educational sector, etc. To stop the spread of virus there were closure of educational institutions, entertainment and leisure activities as well. The environment had certain impacts in terms of pollution,medicalwastegeneration,etc.

Connecting with outside nature was restricted hence quality and quantity time indoors were enhanced, revisiting hobbies weresomewaysinwhichpeoplewerespendingtimeduringlockdowntokeepthemstress-free.Peoplefromallwalksoflife wereinfluencedinonewayortheother.Womenwerethemostvulnerablegenderintermsofdomesticviolence;workloadat home and in turnimpacted their physical and mental well being. Children'ssocial andphysical growths wereimpacted toa largeextentwhichledtotheiremotionalimbalance.

3.1 Overall development of children

Thepandemicsurelyisadrawbacktotheoveralldevelopmentofthechildrenintermsoftheireducation,socializing,outdoor physical activities and much more. The sudden transition from traditional schooling to on screen learning detaching them from their physical activities and school environment, although facilitated nonstop education but has taken away the crucial years of development. Long hours of screen exposure, less physical activity due to outdoor restrictions, no socializing with friends and relatives, leading to obesity, strain on the eyes, boredom, lack of interest in doing anything was seen majorly in childrenduetolockdownandonlineeducationetc.Schoolenvironmenthelpsinthefosterdevelopmentofchildrenwhichwas replacedbyisolatedlearninganditalsohadanegativeimpactonthem.Childrenshowedatendencytogetannoyed,getangry suddenly,getupsetandoffendedeasily.

Studentsfeltdemotivatedsinceafewweredependentonteachersandpeers formotivationandencouragementasacademics isbetterlearntamongpeerswithinteractionandnotinisolation. Childrenofallagegroupsfounditdifficulttositinfrontof thescreenfor6-8hoursoftheday.Somewerenotabletoadapttothenewwayofteachinglearningexperience.Theymissed one-on-one teaching, meeting friends, classmates, teachers, the school atmosphere, fun and playing with one another in the school. Due to confinement within the house, children felt restricted at one place which in some cases increased stress in children. The lockdown not only had negative aspects but positive as well like children were getting quality with parents. Parents'physicalpresencewasgivingchildrenasenseofsecurityandcomfort.Parentswereavailableforchildrenwhenthey neededthem.Childrenwereahelpinghandtoeldersinhouseholdchoreslikecooking,cleaningandmanyotherstoreducethe workload as maids were not available. Children’s loss of social interaction might compromise their peer relationships. Early research findings indicate that the pandemic increases youth’s anxiety, depression (Huang, & Zhao, 2020) and abuse (Taub, 2020), (A., R., Y., Y., & J., 2020) Pandemic can negatively affect these students with special educational needs. It might occur that the changes could negatively influence their ability to scope the learning challenges. (Magomedov, Khaliev, & Khubolov, 2020)

3.2 Work from home, the new normal

Tomeetthesuddenchallengestheworkforcefromallprofessionsoptedtoworkfromhome.Althoughthissuddentransition hadtobetheimmediateresponseforthehour,theprolongednatureofworkhadmadeitmonotonous. Asperthepsychiatry study, the professions which retained the work from home due to their work profile underwent serious health implications.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

Work from home reduced physical activity and sedentary work lead to obesity and other health problems. Mental health expertswarnthatresumingthephysicalofficesistheonlysolutionforemotionalwellbeingoftheemployeesandwillincrease theproductivityofthatworkforcewhohasbeenaffectedbythepandemic.Workplacesareredefinedand homeshavebecome thenewofficeplacewhichisdisturbingthehouseatmosphere. Thereisafinelinebetweenpersonalandprofessionallifefor worklifebalancebutthiswasatatossduringthepandemic. The wellbeing of employees working from home is compromised as the gap between their professional and personal lives has reduced (Pratt and Frost,2020) (Mogeda,Sawzan,&Alber,Nov2020)

3.3 Temporary loss of jobs and partial income

Thepandemichashittheeconomylikeneverbeforeandhascauseddisruptionthatisirreversible. Mostofthebreadwinners of the family lost their jobs temporarily due to complete shutdown, which in turn led to financial crisis among families and theywerenotabletoaffordthebasicnecessities.Someothersexperiencedapartialincome,makingitworseforthemtomeet the commitments. This had a larger impact on the mindset of the people leading to fear and anxiety among adults. Some of them have completely stopped their work, and in brief, they will have to face their future with uncertainty; others have found their work hours increased and have managed risky situations (e.g., health and social workers, or product suppliers). (Leire, Lorea, Triana, Emilio, & África, 2020). Lockdownmademostofthephysicalbusinessesinaccessibletothegeneralpublic,duetowhich theconsumerswerenotabletopurchaseandtherewasnoflowofmoneyinthemarketaffectingalltypesofbusinesses.Allof thishadaseriousimpactontheeconomyofthecountry.

3.4 Personal space and self growth

The lockdown gave an opportunity for many to learn something new and grow as individuals. Some learnt a new language, musicalinstrument,yoga,cooking,gardening,etc.whichhelpedthemtorelaxandrevivethemselves.Manyadoptedahealthy lifestyle.Workplacecommutingtimeformanywassavedwhichgavethemtimeforsomepersonalwork.Peopleenjoyedtheir lifeinthewaytheywantedathomewhichwasnotpossibleintheprepandemictimes.(3)

3.5 Family time/ ties

Everyfamilywastryingto makegooduseoftheforcedtostayathomenorm.Toovercomeboredom,peoplepracticedyoga, exercisedtogether,watchedmovies,cookedfood,playedgames,spentqualitytimewithfamilyandatetogetherwhichwasnot possiblebeforelockdown.(4)

Families were isolated from one another but the relationships within the family were strengthened by spending more time together with family members. Life has slowed its pace but family bonding was strengthened. People were getting closer to relativesandfriendsvirtuallybyvideochat.Familytimewaspossibleduetorestrictionsonsocializingoutside.Thenegative aspects were that due to continuous confinement at home for a long period, increased stress and panic among the family members. It was also stressful for the ones who were staying away from the family alone in a distant city for occupational purposes. Capsized travel plans, indefinite isolation, panic over scarce resources and information overload could be a recipe for unchecked stress, anxiety and feelings of isolation. Along with the lockdown, a feeling of uncertainty and panic has also taken over the country. Especially for those who live away from their families. People who are working in different cities and live away from their families, all alone, are now stuck at home for this given time period. While this sudden arrangement is not long-lasting, it has caused anxiety to many people. (Nandkar, 2020)

3.6 Widened gender gap

Therewasincreaseinthecasesofviolenceagainstwomenathome.Womenwereathighriskofexploitation.Theyunderwent physical, mental and sexual abuse. Violence on women increased as no support was received from others due to movement restrictions and due to cramped houses as everyone was trapped indoors. Restricted movement and social isolation can be particularly dangerous for those who face abuse and violence within homes, since it increases the time of exposure to the perpetrators of violence at a time when support services are disrupted or inaccessible. (KapoorMehta,August2020) Therewas no access to other health services related to women. Pandemic trapped women and children at home with their abusers. Women'saccesstosexualandreproductivehealthserviceshasalsobeenseverelyimpactedduetotheCOVID-19emergency responseandgloballockdowns.(India, JULY 2020). Womenwereheavilyloadedwithhouseholdworkaswellaslookingafter

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

children and elderly as all of them were at home. Households were more crowded at all hours due to unemployment or work from home, the need for home meals, lack of child care, and responsibility for children's education when schools are closed, or limited care or health services, placing greater strain on women and mothers in particular. (Richard,etal.,2020)Schoolclosures had put an extra burden on women. They had to maintain the work life balance as along with schools other supports like crèchefacilities,coachingclassesandtuitionswerealsoclosed. Lockdowns, school closures, and care responsibilities associated with the pandemic can be expected to significantly and negatively impact women’s employment and careers. (Richard, et al., 2020) As formal and informal supply of childcare declines, the demand for unpaid childcare provision is falling more heavily on women, not only because of the existing structure of the workforce, but also because of social norms. This will constrain their ability to work, particularly when jobs cannot be carried out remotely. (Nations,9April2020)

In some cases access to girl education was hampered, as parents gave preference to boys education rather than girls. Child marriages were also on surge during this period. (5) More girls dropped out of schools, especially the poor and vulnerable. School closures do not just mean that girls are taking on more chores at home, it could also lead to millions more girls dropping out of school before they complete their education, especially girls living in poverty, girls with disabilities or living in rural, isolated locations. (Nations, 9 April 2020).

3.7 Rejuvenation of nature

The inaccessibility to the physical environment made the natural ecosystem relax and rejuvenate. During lockdown, industries,transportation,humanandvehiculartraffic,tourism,etc.werepausedwhichhadaverygoodimpactonthenatural ecosystem giving it a new life and benefited on a large scale. Biodiversity was restored and there was a drop in outdoor pollutionbecausetherewaslesshumaninterventionwiththenaturalecosystem.Therewaslessair,noiseandwaterpollution and also less consumption of natural resources. Birds of various species were seen around due to the pollution free environment, clean water seen in water bodies and clean air in the environment.(6) There was a reduction in mortality rate due to less road traffic and air pollution. A notable positive change had appeared at many tourist places including beaches which were marked by cleaner and crystal clear waters but at the cost of the economy of the tourism industry. Because of social distancing and lockdown, a notable positive change has appeared at many tourist places including beaches which are marked by cleaner and crystal clear waters but at the cost of economy of the tourist place (Gupta,DurveGupta,&Patil,2020).

3.8

COVIDwaste:

The type of waste generated has changed and brought with it a lot of medical waste. Waste included face masks, sanitizer bottles,selfprotectivedevices,wastegeneratedfromhospitalsandquarantinecenters.Anewwastemanagementsystemhad tobeadoptedbythegovernmenttotackletheissueofnewmedicalwasteduringCovid-19pandemic. The pandemic has shown us that if we want our ecosystems to take care of us, we need to take care of the ecosystems (Paital 2020) (Anthony,Beatrice,& Theophilus,2021)

3.9 Influence on the culture

Theculturalaspectslikecelebratingfestivals,officeworkcultureandstayingathomehavechangeddrastically. Festivals and cultural activities are an integral part of Indian society. Celebrations are with an exhaustive list of ceremonies, relatives and friends. Thepandemichascurbedall of theseandhasgiven a newapproachto celebratefamily gatherings,weddings, social gatherings with a concise list of guests. (7) Construction industry changed the stereotype design with new inclusions in residential design. Due to the new normal of work from home, the residential projects started to accommodate this facility ontothedesignparameter.Inclusionofworkspaceslikeofficeareas,physicalworkoutareas,hobbyrooms wereapartofthe newresidentialdesignparadigm.Flexibilityinhomedesignisnowanewconceptwhereareascouldbeconvertedaccording totheneeds.Moreamenitiesareincludedwhichaddedtothepricehikeofhomesmakingitunreachabletoafew.(8),(9)Most oftheofficerentedspaceswereshutdownpostpandemicduetoemployeesworkingfromhome.After resume ofwork post pandemic the work culture changed, the work force is less and so co-working spaces in India found their popularity. The government has taken an initiative to make such co-working spaces affordable to the common man with all necessary infrastructures. One such initiative is done by the Kolkata government.(10) Post pandemic there is a rebirth of office workspaces which are more human centric workspaces with flexibility in design and dynamic design approach to make it morerelevanttothepostpandemicdesigntimes.(11),(12)

3.10

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

Birth of entrepreneurs

Thepandemicideallygaverisetonewentrepreneurs.Mostofthebasicneeds weremetthroughvirtualplatformsbecauseof theabsenceofphysicalbusiness.Homemakershadamakeovertosetupanewsmallbusiness.Thiseraalsoconvertedtheold street shopping into virtual shopping. Dependency of people over virtual applications increased in every aspect of life be it cooking, exercising, shopping, entertainment, socializing, etc. (13) Moreover, people worldwide have found themselves coping with new professional scopes (Zhang et al., 2020). (Leire, Lorea, Triana, Emilio, & África, 2020)

3.11 Loss of

life

Muchofthesocialandemotionalwellbeingwasatriskallthroughoutthepandemic. Thedeltavariantduringthesecondwave in India was the most dreadful, making life miserable for many and especially to those who lost their loved ones. India recorded5,24,890deathstoCovid19tilldate.(14) Itwaspainstrikingtothosewholostthebreadearnerofthehousewhich led to stopping of education and new responsibilities to the eldest siblings, who have become the caretakers of the family. Some of the children have lost either of their parents or both. The pandemic has orphaned children with no support left to meetthebasicneeds.Althoughsomeofthestategovernmentshavestartedschemesforsuchchildrenbutitisyettoreachthe needy.(15)

3.12 Redefined work

Frontline workers are gaining importance and their work is being recognized due to the service they were providing during the pandemic. The service rendered to the society by health care workers, teachers, home delivery staff, armed forces and police was immense. Going to work during this COVID-19 pandemic had placed frontline workers under unprecedented pressure, putting their physical,mental andsocial well-being atrisk.Exposure to excessivestressforprolongedperiodshad manyharmfulconsequencesontheemotionalandmentalwell-beingoffrontlineworkers.Thewholeofthesocietydepended onthemandtheyhadtoputtheirlifeatriskforthewellbeingofthenation.(16)

3.13

Storm of frauds

Inthesehardtimes,ononehandwhenpeoplewerestrugglingtomakeendsmeetandontheotherafewweretryingtomake moneyoutofthe situation. India witnessedscamsover vaccines,oxygencylinders, medicines relieffunds,cybercrimes,etc (17),(18),(19) Online examinations gave rise to unethical practices and students had a casual approach. The total education systemlostitsauthenticity.

3.14 Future at

stake

Onthevergeofaneducationsystemadaptingtothenewnormal,mostoftheotherimportantaspectswereatstake.Themost commonbeingtheprolongeddateofcompetitiveexaminations,delayinresultsleadingtodelayedadmissionstoprofessional courses, consecutive batches running simultaneously, non relieving of the final year batches, delayed recruitments, cancellationof exams,loss ofexamsauthenticity and muchmore. Postponement of competitive examsleadto confusionand stressamongstudentsandparents.(20)

3.15 Facet of health

People experienced pandemic fatigue after spending a lot of time at home and so were restless. Due to the high load on the existing medical system there was confusion and chaos. Sleep patterns have changed and stress levels have increased manifold.Duetorestrictionsonphysicalactivitiespeoplewerefacingproblemsofweightgainandotherhealthissues.There waspsychological distress. Peopleofall agegroupswerefindingitdifficulttodeal withisolationand experiencedanoverall disturbedlifestyle Increasedscreentime leads tovisionproblemsinallagegroups.People werelosingtheirmental balance so there were increase in divorce cases, suicide and domestic violence. There were unwanted pregnancies as contraceptives were not available. Access to women's health services had been affected due to forced stay indoors. Children had to use electronic gadgets for non-stop education and due to this there was over usage of mobiles which had a bad impact on children's health experiencing adverse psychological and behavioural effects. Other health problems were also being

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

neglected. Indeed, it was predicted that the mental health fallout from COVID-19 would include high levels of psychological distress arising from health concerns, social isolation or relationship friction, and long-term financial insecurity (Anderson, 2020). Research undertaken during the lockdown period in New Zealand (e.g., Every-Palmer et al., 2020) and globally (e.g., Roma et al., 2020; Vindegaard and Benros, 2020) supported these predictions providing evidence of increased depression, anxiety, and psychological distress. (Matthew, Susan, Ken, Elaine, Jessica, & Craig, 2021). The global expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic disease has carried out many consequences that may affect people’s general health. On the one hand, the virus itself creates personal situations in which, in addition to the disease’s symptoms, human emotions such as fear (Asmundson and Taylor, 2020), worry, panic, anxiety, or depression-related distress (Bao et al., 2020) can appear more commonly among people. Indeed, in recent studies about the psychological impact of this pandemic disease on the general population, an increase in depressionandstresslevelsbetweenthefirst daysandthethirdweekofthelockdownhasbeenfound(Ozamiz-Etxebarriaet al.,2020;Rodríguez-Reyetal.,2020).(Leire,Lorea,Triana,Emilio,&África,2020). The lockdowns due to the current COVID-19 pandemic most likely have increased youth online gaming even further (Wilde,2020), sedentariness and PI, particularly in countries prohibiting PA outside home during lockdowns and for youth living in small apartments in densely built urban areas. Screen time is positively related to snacking and youth obesity (Marsh et al., 2013), and the latter predicts obesity in later adulthood (Rundle et al., 2020). (A.,R.,Y.,Y.,&J.,2020)

As stated in Times of Indiadated 5th July 2022, Lockdowns and economic stresses of the pandemic lead to an increase in mental health disorders. In just a year after the pandemic, depressive and anxiety disorders increased by 28% and 26%, respectively.Countriesthatreportedthemostcovid19casesanddeathsalsoreportedthehighestincreaseincasesofmental illness.(21)

3.16

Plight of migrant workers

The production and supply of goods and services were stopped immediately due to unprecedented lockdown. Daily wagers andmigrantworkersweretheworstaffectedsectionofthesocietyandwerefindingitdifficulttotackletheissueoftheirdaily livelihood. In India due to sudden lockdown the daily wagers and migrants including old people, women and children were forcedtogototheirnativeplacebutthepublictransportfacilitieswereathalt.Duetothistheywerestrandedinvariousparts ofthecountryastheirdailyincomehadstoppedandnomeansoftransportwasavailabletoreachtheirnativeplace.Toreach their destination some started on foot, some on cycles, etc. without anything to eat to cover the long and risky journeys of thousands of kilometres. With no work, no salary, and unable to reach their villages owing to the restrictions the life of the migrantworkershavebecomemiserable.(Debata,Patnaik,&Mishra,2020)

3.17 Pedagogy

Overnight schools shifted to virtual education. Students' education was hampered due to the new norm of virtual learning completely replacing the traditional learning method. The pandemic has negatively affected the educational scenario for the students who were left out of the mainstream of learning as there were some sections of the society that were not able to afford the access to internet and digital devices. Commonly encountered problems with virtual learning can be seen as infrastructure, affordability, accessibility and compatibility. Concepts are easy to understand in traditional mode when compared with online mode. They not only considered online learning more difficult but also the lack of supporting resources (access to the learning center, library, interaction with professors, etc.) was an important challenge during the transition to online learning.(A.Patrica,2020). (Seema & Meghana, 2021) This widened the existing disparities and gaps in terms of access and opportunities giving rise to massive interruption to impart and gain education. The pandemic had a positive aspect wherein the technology was integrated with education at a new height. It was a forced transformation with the available digital resourcestohaveundisturbededucation.Studentsandteachersweregettingequippedwithnewtechnologyandgadgets.

3.18 Technology usage

Technology plays an important role in all aspects of human life. For contactless transactions, mobiles proved very effective. Overuse of mobile is being done by people of all age groups. For uninterrupted education, online education was the only meansavailable.Dependencyondigitalworldprevailedineveryaspectofhumanlife.(22),(23)

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

3.19 Viral persistence with Residual pandemic and Long Covid 19

Thenovelcoronavirusisbarelytwoyearsoldanditsbehaviorduringandaftertheinfectionisstillasubjectofstudy.People with risk factors (high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes and obesity) and those without any comorbidity are reporting the samelongCOVIDsymptoms.AccordingtoastudyinNovember2021,around40percentofpatientswhorecoveredfromthe novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) suffer from long COVID. In July 2021, a study on 990 COVID-19 patients from three hospitalsinnorthIndiabyMaxHealthcareshowedabout40%ofthemsufferedfromatleastonepost-COVID-19symptomfor up to a year. The manifestation of post-COVID-19 complications in many patients is fourfold higher in the second wave comparedtothefirstwave,foundthestudy.Anotherrandomonlinesurveybythe AsianInstituteofGastroenterology(AIG), Hyderabad states that around 51 per cent of those who had milder forms of the disease had also developed long COVID, according to the data. “Where there is long-term persistence, there can be long-term consequences,” said Mary F Kearneya scientistwhostudiesHIVdrugresistanceattheNationalCancerInstitute’sCenterforCancerResearchattheNationalCancer Institute in Maryland, US. “SARS-CoV-2 is like a nuclear bomb in terms of the immune system. It just blows everything up,” Steven Deeks, a physician and infectious-disease researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, US, was quoted by thejournal Nature inanarticledatedJune9,2021.(24)

4 Conclusions and Discussion

The lockdown was a blessing to some and a curse to others. There were lots of changes in life, pre pandemic and post pandemic.Humanitystillexistsintheworldwhichisshownbythepandemicaseveryonetriedtohelpeachotherintheirown way.

Delay of examinations kept the future of students at risk. The pandemic showed us that education need not stop as virtual learning is an option for undisrupted and uninterrupted education. Use of technology has changed the old pedagogy of the classroomteachinglearning.Theeducationalinstitutesmustnowintegratetechnologywiththefacetofaceeducationsystem as the technology will definitely give an overall development of the students. The education system needs to look upon framingnewpoliciestorunthesystemefficientlyinthetimeofanunprecedentedsituationinthenearfuture.Thenewnormal forced the education system to go hybrid. At every stage of policy making for virtual learning the stakeholder has to involve himself working on the feedback of the process, finding out the pros and cons and figuring out the loop holes while making it work over a period of time with wider acceptance. Blended teaching learning mode can then be made into a policy only after understanding the nature of the course (Seema&Meghana,2021)

Stresswasamajorissuetobedealtwithduringthepandemic.Womenwerethemostvulnerable sectorofthesocietywhose healthandsecuritywasalwaysatstakethroughoutthepandemic.Thegovernmentpoliciesandactionsmusttargetwomenas thepandemichaslongtermconsequenceswithregardstowomen'seconomicandhealthfactors.Manyoftheeffortstoreduce stressandcareforfrontlineworkersmustbemadebyorganizations,managersandhealthadministrators.Thelockdownhas giventhecaretakersofthechildrenanadditionalresponsibilitytogivemoreattentioninupbringingofchildrenbecauseafter longusage of electronicgadgetsandprolonged stayat home, social isolationchildren are addictedtomobiles andarefacing stress,fear,depressionandanxiety.

India had beenhithard bythepandemicand experienced economical damage. The GDPofIndia wasreduced by25%inthe pandemic due to no flow of money in the market. There are various reasons for the shortfall in GDP such as a halt in businesses, industries and the hospitality sector, overload on the healthcare sector, etc. (25) The pandemic pushed millions into poverty. Loss of life had a major impact on people who lost their near and dear ones. The government policies for such lossesshouldbeputinplacetoaccommodatethecrisesinthenearfutureand shouldincludeprovisionsforbetterandearly monitoring.Controloffraudandcorruptionshouldalsobeamottoduringpolicymaking.

Staying at home was beneficial for many as the activities they did during lockdown would not have been possible if outdoor activities were not restricted. The pandemic helped people to develop their skills and upgrade themselves as individuals. People also found new occupations as entrepreneurs through virtual media. It was not only the human beings who were rejuvenated but also the ecosystem got a new life. The digital media was a lifeline for everyone to sail the pandemic. Now everyonemustgetthemselvesaccustomedtothedigitalrevolutionsoastogetthemselvesadjustedtothenewnormal.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

Thepandemicgaveaglimpseforpeopletocometogethertosavetheearthandleave abetterplaceforthefuturegenerations. Everyone must be patient as wonders don't happen overnight and understand that this is just a phase of life which will go quickly just as after darkness there is light. We all must move ahead with full hope, confidence and perseverance. Unity of mankindisimportanttostopthespreadofviruses. One of the major consequences of the pandemic is that it shattered the sense of predictability of life. Similarly, being infected and affected by the pandemic can shape how people perceive their life histories and identities. (Richard,etal.,2020)

We all must keep in mind that weall are sailing in the same boat no matter what difficulties come our way we must tackle/ faceittogether.Itisachallengingtimeforallofus.Asalreadystated,thevirusisgoingtostayintheenvironmentsoinsteadof denying this fact, mankind has to evolve itself and grow with such unprecedented situations. Every aspect in nature has its ownchallengetoovercomewhichshouldbegivendueimportanceandplannedproperlyforthefuture.

References

A. K., B. A., & T. Q. (2021). The effects of COVID-19 on global economic output and sustainability: evidence from around the worldandlessonsforredress. Sustainability: Science , Practice and Policy , 17,76-80.

Debata,B.,Patnaik,P.,&Mishra,A.(2020).COVID-19pandemic!It'simpactonpeople,economyandenvironment. Wiley ,1-5.

Gupta, V., Durve Gupta, A., & Patil, S. (2020). Covid 19: Its impact on Human life, Economy and Environment. International Journal of Innovative Medicine and Health Science , 12,28-32.

India,P.F.(JULY2020). THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON WOMEN.

KapoorMehta,S.(August2020). Impact of Covid-19 on Working Women. NewDelhi:ConfederationofIndianIndustry.

L.A.,L.C.,T.A.,E.V.,&Á.B.(2020).Teacher’sPhysicalActivityandMentalHealthDuringLockdownDuetotheCOVID-2019 Pandemic. Frontiers In Psychology ,1-14.

M.E.,S.S.,&A.M.(Nov2020).GettingThroughCOVID-19:ThePandemic'sImpactonthePsychologyofSustainability,Quality ofLife,andtheGlobalEconomy-ASystematicReview. frontiers in Psychology , 11,1-12.

M. J., S. H., K. H., E. A., J. R., & C. L. (2021). Physical Activity and Psychological Well-Being During the COVID-19 Lockdown: RelationshipsWithMotivationalQualityandNatureContexts. Frontiers In Sports and Active Living ,1-11.

Magomedov,I.A.,Khaliev,M.S.-U.,&Khubolov,S.M.(2020).Thenegativeandpositiveimpactsofthepandemiconeducation. ASEDU 2020 (pp.1-4).Bristol:IOPPublishing.

Nandkar, R. S. (2020). To Study the Effect of Lockdown on Physical, Mental and Emotional Health of Common People. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology , 5 (6),777-785. Nations,U.(9April2020). The Impact of COVID-19 on Women.

Qiu,W.,Rutherford,S.,Mao,A.,&Chu,C.(2016-17).ThePandemicanditsImpacts. Health Culture and Society , 9-10,1-11.

R.A.,L.B.,J.H.,T.C.,P.A.,J.H.,etal.(2020).UnderstandingtheeffectsofCovid-19throughalifecourselens. Advances in Life course Research 45 ,1-13.

S. T., & M. M. (2021). Acceptance and Challenges of Virtual Teaching and Learning in Architectural Education. National Research Conference 2021. Practice: Engrossed Paradigm towards Architectural Research (pp.146-157).Pune:TrinityCollegeof Architecture.

W,Q.,S,R.,A,M.,&C,C.(2016-17).ThePandemicsanditsimpacts. Health Culture and Society , 9-10,1-11.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 06 | Jun 2025 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

1. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/coronavirus/first-and-second-waves-ofcoronavirus

2. https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1

3. https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/open-page/the-brighter-side-of-the-lockdown/article31376457.ece

4. https://www.healthshots.com/mind/happiness-hacks/looking-on-the-bright-side-here-are-all-the-positives-of-thecovid-19-lockdown/

5. https://www.theindiaforum.in/article/child-marriages-during-pandemic

6. https://www.news18.com/news/buzz/how-coronavirus-lockdown-helped-nature-to-heal-even-if-temporarily-fromhuman-damages-2652815.html

7. https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-small-publicgatherings

8. https://www.elledecor.com/design-decorate/interior-designers/a34918038/architecture-home-design-after-covidpandemic/

9. https://architizer.com/blog/inspiration/industry/covid-19-home-design/

10. https://indianexpress.com/article/governance/rs-30-for-90-mins-co-working-space-for-freelancers-workingmothers-7987485/

11. https://www.dezeen.com/2022/03/25/dynamic-spaces-vitra-sessions/

12. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/real-estate/our-insights/the-rebirth-of-workspace-design-an-interviewwith-gensler-co-ceo-diane-hoskins

13. https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/editorials/nykaa-falguni-nayar-entrepreneurship-7624626/

14. https://www.mygov.in/covid-19

15. https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/7-siblings-who-lost-parents-to-covid-yet-to-get-help-under-delhi-scheme2517812

16. http://www.emro.who.int/mnh/news/frontline-workers-and-covid-19-coping-with-stress.html

17. https://www.indiatoday.in/coronavirus-outbreak/story/covid-crisis-and-frauds-how-oxygen-scammers-are-dupingdesperate-patients-1798582-2021-05-04

18. https://www.livemint.com/money/personal-finance/protect-yourself-from-cyber-fraud-in-the-time-of-covid1911619727266648.html

19. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/man-duped-of-99k-on-covid-relieflure/articleshow/92117469.cms

20. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/list-of-major-exams-postponed-due-to-covid19/articleshow/82213367.cms

21. https://vk.com/doc562341376_641495346?hash=Fc3oJhXudznanfNz7mZsVCBZQz7TR00RrUdOT4czVJ0&dl=OJgbIIE wZmzYmZWewmsCCZim3Vkqnv8DmPfiud5KMKT

22. https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/outlook-spotlight-how-did-covid-accelerated-digital-transformationin-india/385365

23. https://etinsights.et-edge.com/how-covid-19-is-accelerating-digitalisation-for-the-banking-and-payments-industry/

24. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/health/residual-pandemic-after-effects-of-covid-19-pervasive-in-indiathousands-living-with-new-ailments-80972

25. https://www.economicsobservatory.com/how-has-covid-19-affected-indias-economy