248 | The Role of Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in Improving Education Outcomes
TABLE 9.4 Pillars
for central government education transfers to municipalities
PILLAR 1
PILLAR 2
PILLAR 3
PILLAR 4
Support for equal access to education and personal development
Development of kindergartens, schools, and personal development support centers
Implementation of national programs for the development of education
Basic education services
Transportation for students
Students from vulnerable groups
Scholarships
Improvement of school facilities
Specific-purpose grants
Objectives Maintenance of activities for education and upbringing of children and students
Purpose of grant
Free textbooks and educational Improvement of quality of education and educational materials Maintenance of TVET classes providing outcomes training in protected professions and Full-day organization of Teacher in-service training, professions that are expected to be short educational process and development, and support of workers in the labor market provision of meals Personal development support Libraries and information services Recreation and sports Other costs of improving the Programs to prevent early physical environment and the dropout educational process Support for students with outstanding talent Maintenance of protected schools
Determination of pool UCSs per student, per class, and per institution; additional standards and rates per student
Additional standards and rates per student and rates per institution
Additional standards or rates per student; performancebased funding (not enforced); capital subsidy
Scope and amount of funding for each national program determined and adopted by the Council of Ministers
Terms and conditions for the allocation of resources, including the additional spending standards or rates per student, as set out by the Council of Ministers
Allocation of funds for: teacher development as a percentage of personnel costs; performance-based funding based on results of school inspections (not enforced); per student rate for infrastructure and facilities or according to municipal investment program
Terms and conditions as set out in the respective national program; school projects are approved by the MoES; municipal governments are involved in transfer of funds from the MoES budget to school budgets but play no decision-making role in the allocation of funds
Allocation of funds Allocation rule (2007–17) transfer to municipalities: UCS per student X number of students Allocation rule (since 2018) for transfers to municipalities: (UCS per student X number of students) + (UCS per class X number of classes) + (UCS per institution X number of institutions) For work with students from vulnerable groups, allocation based on the concentration of parents with low educational attainment Funding for the maintenance of protected schools according to rules adopted by the Council of Ministers For the maintenance of TVET classes providing training in protected professions and professions that are expected to be short of workers in the labor market according to a list of professions, approved annually by the Council of Ministers continued
