A guide for Year 10 students currently attending or considering enrolling at SMGS in 2026
Years 11 and 12: A Path of Growth and Opportunity
Years 11 and 12 are an exciting time in your learning journey - one filled with many new opportunities, deeper exploration and a great deal of personal growth.
At Snowy Mountains Grammar School, our staff are here to inspire and support you every step of the way. With curiosity, effort and determination, this is your time to shine.
Welcome
From the Principal, Dr Andrew Bell
Dear Students, Parents and Carers,
The scope of our 2026 Year 11 subject offerings has arisen out of a strong desire to provide the greatest possible flexibility and areas of interest for students.
As our society becomes increasingly globalised, more sophisticated and demands more of its workforce, we believe education plays the key role in preparing students to progress to readiness for life beyond school. Knowledge alone will no longer satisfy those needs; rather, additional skills in problem identification, problem-solving and lateral thinking, the ability to authentically collaborate in teams and to synergise, as well as think independently and analytically and to communicate effectively, will all be essential for longer term success.
We are proud to offer our students the opportunity to pursue their areas of interest through our Stage 6 subjects, which will encourage substantial life-long learning and fulfilment from their remaining school years and subsequently through many post-school options.
The pages that follow provide further detail and insight into the options available; however, as always, you are most welcome to make further enquiries with those who lead each course.
Dr Andrew Bell Principal 02 6457 1022 principal@smgs.nsw.edu.au
Welcome
From
the Director of Curriculum and Academic Operations, Dr Darryl Nelson
Dear Year 10 Students, Parents and Carers,
Welcome to Year 11. This booklet is designed to give you insight into the subjects that we offer in Year 11 and 12 at Snowy Mountains Grammar School.
Choosing subjects at this stage can be a daunting task, because many of you won’t be sure where your future career path may take you and therefore what subjects are right for you to choose. It may comfort you to know that Australian workers now change careers on average five to seven times. So, the career you see for yourself may be superseded by another one that you hadn’t originally considered.
I recommend that you take a suite of subjects with variability, including subjects that you need for your potential tertiary studies, and subjects that you enjoy. Don’t select subjects based on the teacher, or on the
advice of just one person. Take advice from past and current students, your family, your teachers, and beyond. Often, you will unexpectedly enjoy subjects you didn’t think you would and, conversely, struggle with motivation in subjects that you really wanted to do.
Year 11 and 12 is a journey. There will be challenges along the way, but the final goal is for you to achieve your very best. The staff at Snowy Mountains Grammar School will be with you through this journey.
I wish you all the best as you begin your senior years of study.
Dr Darryl Nelson Director of Curriculum and Academic Operations
02 6457 1022 curriculum@smgs.nsw.edu.au
Art and Design
Agriculture
Design and Technology
Visual Arts
Subject | Agriculture
Description
The Year 11 course incorporates the study of the interactions between the components of agricultural production, marketing and management, while giving consideration to sustainability within the farming system. This is an ‘on-farm’, environment-oriented course.
The Year 12 course builds upon the Year 11 course. It examines the complexity and scientific principles of the components of agricultural production. It places greater emphasis on farm management to maximise productivity and environmental sustainability. The Farm Product Study is used as a basis for analysing and addressing social, environmental and economic issues as they relate to sustainability.
Note: Students are required to conduct a minimum of 30% fieldwork and practical activities as part of this course.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. Students are required to conduct a minimum of 30% fieldwork and practical activities as part of this course.
Career Paths
The skills and knowledge developed in Agriculture are useful for a variety of careers and post-school pathways, including but not limited to study at University. This course is valuable for students intending to study or follow careers in areas such as:
• Agriculture Primary Producer or Farm hand
• Animal Handling or Veterinary Science
• Agribusiness and Resource Economics
• Agriculture and Food Production
• Forestry or Environmental Science
• Horticulturalist or Groundskeeper
• Park Ranger
• Agricultural Engineer
• Viticulturalist
• Biotechnology and production services
• Agronomy
• Systems Solutions
• Advocacy
• Government Policy
Agricultural science provides development of a wide range of transferable skills for a wide range of futures.
Skills Required
Agriculture provides the opportunity to create a series of transferable life skills that you develop throughout the course.
Why Choose It
Agriculture is one of Australia’s largest industries, feeding 25 million people and contributing $85 billion to the national economy. Both the Agritech and Foodtech sectors are booming meaning there are career opportunities and money in these areas. Agricultural science means working with innovators and changemakers leading the way in digital technology, bio-innovations (tech, fuel, materials), agriculture and sustainable farming.
Students will be faced with big questions to help solve real world problems such as:
• How will we produce more using less land, water, non-renewable resources?
• How will we produce more tolerant food crops to counter climate extremes?
• How do we build trade ties and grow export markets?
• How can we increase production to feed our growing population without degrading the land?
• Can we produce biofuel crops without affecting food production?
• How can we help scientists and farmers to increase yield and alleviate poverty in their home countries?
Subject | Design and Technology
Description
Design and Technology develops conceptual understanding and enables students to creatively apply these to specific technological endeavours through design projects. Design and Technology seeks to develop students’ appreciation of the historical and cultural influences on design and the interrelationships of design, technology, society and the environment. Design and Technology has a unique focus on creativity, innovation and the successful implementation of innovative ideas. Students will complete a range of design projects over the duration of the course, with a focus on design portfolios and products.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. Students will complete a Major Design Project as part of the Year 12 course.
Career Paths
Students studying Design and Technology can continue through university to careers such as fashion and textile design, architecture, landscape architecture, product design, visual communication, creative intelligence and innovation, robotics, software and game design.
Skills Required
Design and Technology is inclusive of the needs, interests and aspirations of all students. It provides opportunities for students to develop design projects in areas of individual interest.
Why Choose It
Design and Technology is the most versatile technologies subject. In one Year 11 project and the Year 12 Major Design Project (MDP), students are able to work in a design area of their interest. For example, projects may range from textiles, to architectural, to software, to timber and metal. Students have many practical experiences in Design and Technology but the focus of the MDP is the design portfolio and processes.
Subject | Visual Arts
Description
The Year 11 Visual Arts course has been designed to develop and refine the creative abilities of students prior to the HSC course. Whilst undertaking this preparation, a student will develop their understanding of the historical and critical aspects of the visual arts, focusing on how and why artists create artworks, how artworks are defined and the relationships that exist within the art world. This will be achieved through the study of the course content areas: the Frames, the Conceptual Framework and Art Practices.
The Year 11 course will explore a range of ideas and actions through short courses, including:
Place and Spaces: the urban landscape, exploring the structural nature of the urban landscape through Expressionism and mixed media.
Botanicals and the Body: focusing on the development of conceptual strength, students will use botanicals and the human body to explore concept development through a form of their choice.
Personal Effects and Self: examining the genre of still life and representing personal stories and objects using photographic and drawing technique, focusing on artists who express subjective ideas in relation to personal experiences and stories.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. 50% of the assessment is Art Making (practical) and 50% is Critical and Historical Study (theory).
Career Paths
Students studying Visual Arts have the opportunity to enter a wide variety of career paths, including the visual arts, graphic design, architecture, marketing and communications. Studying a creative-based subject is desirable for many careers as it supports problemsolving, higher order thinking and creativity.
Skills Required
There are no specific skills required, although study of Visual Arts in Stage 5 is desirable. The Year 11 course is designed to introduce and develop a range of skills and knowledge without prior knowledge. Consistency, independence and self-management are highly desirable.
Why Choose It
The Visual Arts course offers the opportunity for students to develop their creativity and independence, developing skills in critical thinking, self-management and problem-solving. Visual Arts allows students to explore their strengths and capabilities as learners and to make decisions about the direction of their learning. It is also an opportunity for students to balance their studies with a subject that allows for independent learning and exploration.
Performing Arts
Drama
Music 1
Subject | Drama
Description
Drama is an art form that explores the world through enactment. HSC Drama is a highly collaborative subject where students acquire skills in interpretation, communication, performance and critical analysis. Students make, perform and critically study aspects of drama and theatre in Australia and other societies and cultures.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four, two of which are major works - group and individual. While 60% of assessments are practical, 40% is made up of the written elements of Drama. These involve log books, as well as two final written papers.
Career Paths
A small percentage of Drama students may enter the world of film and theatre. However, most will simply enter the world after school with more confidence. Drama students can take on any career that demands creative and critical thinking, teamwork, communication and organisational skills, imagination, empathy, spontaneity and resilience.
Skills Required
The study of Drama will develop the talents and individual capacities of all students as well as developing their self-confidence, self-esteem and social skills. Owing to the nature of HSC Drama, teamwork is critical. After-school hours research and rehearsals, as well as theatre visits, are essential.
Why Choose It
You will learn teamwork skills of listening, negotiating and communicating. It will increase your ability to think - creatively, imaginatively and divergently. You will celebrate differences and diversities, experientially. You will learn how to give feedback and take on board feedback with persistence. You will become focused and learn how to think on your feet. You will value your own observation skills. You will push boundaries. You will discover ways that you can make change.
Subject | Music 1
Description
The purpose of Music 1 is to provide students with the opportunity to acquire knowledge, skills, understanding and attitudes within a broad musical context and encourage the desire to continue learning in formal and informal music settings after school. The course provides students with opportunities to engage in a range of musical styles, including contemporary popular music, and for many it will serve as a pathway for further training and employment in the music industry or in contemporary music fields.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks from each of three topic areas. The HSC course has four internally assessed tasks. The final examinations consist of a practical component (major work) worth 70% (comprised of choices from performance, composition and musicology) and a written paper - Aural Skills –worth 30%.
Career Paths
Students studying Music 1 have gone onto careers in music administration, audio engineering, music production - live and studio - and music performance. Many find that music is the creative ‘sideline’ to other professions that allows them to explore, create and perform. The study of music allows students to develop their capacity to manage their own learning, work together with others and engage in an activity that reflects the real-world practice of performers, composers and audiences.
Skills Required
Students should have a Grade 2-3 level of skill on their chosen instrument or voice. Although not essential, students are encouraged to develop their theory skills throughout the course.
Why Choose It
The study of music combines the development of cognitive, psychomotor and affective domains in such a way that all domains contribute equally to the act of making music. It allows for the expression of the intellect, imagination and emotion, the exploration of values, and fosters an understanding of continuity and change, as well as the connections between different times and cultures. Students studying Music 1 often comment that it helps to ‘keep them sane’ throughout their course of senior study. Music is fun and good for the soul.
English and Languages
English and Languages
English Standard
English Advanced
English Extension 1
English Extension 2
Japanese
Subject | English Standard
Description
Year 11 English Standard is designed for all students to increase their expertise in English and consolidate their English literacy skills, particularly in the first unit, Reading to Write: Transition to English Standard. The students learn to respond to and compose a wide variety of texts in a range of situations in order to be effective, creative and confident communicators during the study of Contemporary Possibilities and a Close Study of Literature. Students must read widely.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. One of the assessments in each course must be multimodal.
Career Paths
Students studying English Standard should be able to take on many study and career opportunities as they leave school with competent skills in written and spoken language.
Skills Required
The English Standard course is designed for students who have displayed a general competency in all English language skills in Year 10.
Why Choose It
Students who prefer to read common literary texts and do not wish to study Shakespeare are best suited to English Standard. Students who are thinkers, who seek and accept guidance in responding to texts, are suited to this course. Those with general competency in English will have the opportunity to refine their ability to complete textual analysis and enhance their communication skills.
Subject | English Advanced
Description
Year 11 English Advanced students consolidate skills required for senior study in the first unit: Reading to Write, Transition to English Advanced. They apply critical and creative skills in their composition of and response to texts in order to develop their academic achievement through understanding the nature and function of complex texts. In the Critical Study of Literature and Narratives that Shape our World, students examine the ways that events, experiences, ideas, values and processes are explored in texts and analyse the ways in which meaning is shaped. Students must read widely.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. One of the assessments in each course must be multimodal.
Career Paths
Students who successfully study English Advanced broaden their post-school study and career options, as they have strong foundations to branch out into many disciplines and occupations which require high-level language skills, creative and/or critical thinking. Such careers include journalism, law and education.
Skills Required
The English Advanced course is designed for students who have a particular interest and ability in the subject and who desire to engage with challenging learning experiences, including the study of Shakespearean texts. Students develop their knowledge of contexts for the diversity of modules studied. Students are required to have high levels of literacy skills, be developing sophisticated analytical and creative writing skills and to enjoy reading widely.
SMGS recommends that only students who achieve an A or B in the Year 10 RoSA for English take this course.
Why Choose It
English Advanced is for students who enjoy the formal study of English, which includes sophisticated engagement with complex texts and modules. Generally, English Advanced students also read regularly and widely. If you are also considering studying Extension 1, the study of English Advanced is a corequisite in Year 11. English Advanced is also a corequisite for the study of English Extension 1 and Extension 2 in Year 12.
Subject | English Extension 1
Description
Year 11
English Extension 1 is designed for students undertaking English Advanced who choose to study at a more intensive level in diverse but specific areas. They enjoy engaging with complex levels of conceptualisation in the study of the module: Texts, Culture and Value and seek the opportunity to work in increasingly independent ways. By engaging with progressively complex concepts across a broad range of literature, from a range of contexts, students refine their understanding and appreciation of the cultural roles and significance of texts.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 and 12 courses consist of three assessment tasks. In Year 11, students complete an independent major work project linked to the core module.
Career Paths
Students who successfully study English Extension 1 broaden their post-school study and career options. They have sophisticated abilities in English and some may follow their creative passions as writers.
Skills Required
Students must study English Advanced as a prerequisite for English Extension 1. Students must have a sophisticated English skill-set for both analytical and creative tasks.
SMGS recommends that only students who achieve an A or B in the Year 10 RoSA for English take this course.
Why Choose It
The course is designed for students with an interest in literature and a desire to pursue a specialised study of English. They have a passion for the wide world of literature and the art of the written word. Students may have the desire to take up the opportunity to develop their authorial voice. Students intending to take on the Year 12 Major Project in HSC English Extension 2 must study English Extension 1.
Subject | English Extension 2
(Year 12 Only)
Description
The English Extension 2 course enables students who are accomplished in their use of English with the opportunity to craft language and refine their personal voice in critical and creative ways. They can master skills in the composition process to create a substantial and original Major Work that extends their knowledge, understanding and skills developed throughout the Stage 6 English courses. Through the creative process, they pursue areas of interest independently, develop deep knowledge and manipulate language in their own extended compositions. These include but are not limited to: short story, poetry, script writing, film, speeches and performance poetry.
HSC Assessment Structure
Students complete three school-based assessments including a Viva Voce, Literature Review and a Reflection Statement. Students also submit their Major Work for external marking.
Career Paths
English Extension 2 assists with developing analytical and creative writing skills. Students who have taken this course have previously been accepted into courses at university such as Law, Journalism, Medicine and the Arts.
Skills Required
In Year 11, students must study English Advanced and English Extension 1 as prerequisites. Students must have a sophisticated and developed skill-set for both analytical and creative tasks. Students must have the desire to apply and extend their research skills to their own extensive investigation and develop autonomy and skills as a learner and composer. Students must possess independent and higher-order critical thinking skills.
English Extension 2 is by invitation only. It would be expected that you will have demonstrated achievement in English Advanced and English Extension 1 commensurate with an A or B grade in order to be eligible.
Why Choose It
The course is designed for students who are independent learners with an interest in literature and a desire to pursue a specialised study of English.
Subject | Japanese Beginners
Description
This course provides students with the opportunity to develop their linguistic and intercultural knowledge and understanding, and the speaking, listening, reading and writing skills to communicate in Japanese. Topics covered provide contexts in which students develop their communication skills in Japanese and their knowledge and understanding of language and culture.
These topics include:
• Family life, home and neighbourhood
• People, places and communities
• Education and work
• Friends, recreation and pastimes
• Holidays, travel and tourism
• Future plans and aspirations
Students will also gain an insight into the culture and language of Japanese speaking communities through these topics.
HSC Assessment Structure
The assessment consists of three assessment pieces in Year 11 and four assessment pieces in Year 12. The course component skills assessed are Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking Skills.
Career Paths
The knowledge and skills developed in this course can be applied across a range of career pathways. Studying a foreign language can open the door to a wide range of exciting and rewarding careers in fields such as translation and interpretation, international business, diplomacy, tourism and education. Many multinational companies seek employees who can communicate with global partners and clients, while government agencies often need language specialists for roles in intelligence, foreign service or immigration.
Skills Required
Skills required to learn Japanese are:
• Memorisation
• Listening skills
• Speaking and pronunciation skills
• Reading and writing skills
• Patience and persistence
• Cultural awareness
• Problem-solving skills
• Adaptability
Eligibility
The eligibility requirements for enrolling in a Beginners Japanese course:
• Students with no prior knowledge of Japanese can enrol.
• Students who have completed only one formal year of Japanese study are also eligible.
• However, students who have studied more than 100 hours of an approved NESA (NSW Education Standards Authority) Japanese course cannot enrol. For example, a student who studied Japanese in both Year 9 and Year 10 is not eligible.
In summary, this course is intended for complete beginners or those with limited exposure to Japanese.
Why Choose It
Language learning boosts cultural awareness and empathy, helping you understand different perspectives and interact more effectively with people from diverse backgrounds. It strengthens multitasking and adaptability, as switching between languages trains your brain to be more flexible. It improves overall communication skills—even in your native language— by making you more conscious of grammar, vocabulary, and tone.
Learning Japanese in Australia offers a variety of personal, academic, and professional benefits. Japan is one of Australia’s key economic and trading partners, so Japanese language skills can create job opportunities in business, trade, tourism, and international relations. With many Japanese companies operating in Australia and strong tourism links, bilingual individuals are valuable in customer service, hospitality, education, and translation. Culturally, learning Japanese allows deeper appreciation of Japan’s rich traditions, pop culture, and art, which are popular in Australia.
Human Society and its Environment
Business Studies
Geography
Legal Studies
Modern History
Society and Culture
Subject | Business Studies
Description
Business Studies investigates the role, operation and management of businesses within our society. Factors in the establishment, operation and management of a small business are integral to the Year 11 course. For the HSC course, students investigate the role of global businesses and examine the interconnection between the business functions of marketing, finance, operations and human resources. Students develop research and independent learning skills in addition to analytical and problem-solving competencies through their studies.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks. The Year 12 course consists of four assessment tasks.
Career Paths
The Business Studies course provides an excellent foundation for tertiary study in business-related fields such as management, accounting, marketing, information systems, merchant banking, finance and security analysis, business law, human resource management and industrial relations.
Skills Required
The type of student who should consider undertaking Business Studies is one who is interested in business and commerce in general and is considering the possibility of starting their own business. There are no specific skills needed to undertake Business Studies, and any skills necessary to do well in this subject are developed during the course.
Why Choose It
As a course, Business Studies is distinctive in that it encompasses the theoretical and practical aspects of business in contexts which students will encounter throughout their lives. Conceptually, it offers learning from the planning of a small business to the management of operations, marketing, finance and human resources in large businesses. Through the analysis of contemporary business strategies, the course also provides rigour and depth and lays an excellent foundation for students either in tertiary study or in future employment. By completing this course, students will develop general and specific skills, including research, analysis, problem-solving, decisionmaking, critical thinking and communication.
Subject | Geography
Description
The Year 11 Geography course investigates biophysical and human geography and develops students’ knowledge and understanding of the spatial and ecological dimensions of the environment around them. Enquiry methodologies are used to investigate the unique characteristics of our world through fieldwork, geographical skills and the study of contemporary geographical issues. The HSC course enables students to appreciate geographical perspectives of the contemporary world. There are specific studies on biophysical and human processes, interactions and trends.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks. Students complete a Senior Geography Project (SGP) in Year 11 and must undertake ten hours of fieldwork in both the Preliminary and HSC courses. The Year 12 course consists of four assessment tasks, one of which is the Trial HSC Examination.
Career Paths
Students studying Geography can continue through university to a variety of careers such as working in government, town planning, resource management, surveying, architecture, landscaping, demography, environmental engineering, aviation, ecology, environmental science, tourism, geophysics and zoology.
Skills Required
Students who are interested in the environment around them, should consider undertaking the study of Geography. The ability to interpret maps, charts, diagrams and data is a valuable skill for the Geography student. The content of Geography builds upon the skills learnt throughout secondary schooling. Students who have done well in this subject in the past have shown self-discipline, have taken responsibility for their learning and have an inquiring mind.
Why Choose It
With a strong grasp of Geography, students are well prepared to explore issues as informed citizens in a changing world. Geography provides a deeper understanding of the variable character of life on our planet. Students of Geography develop skills and understandings transferable and applicable to the world of work.
Subject | Legal Studies
Description
The Year 11 Legal Studies course develops students’ knowledge and understanding of the nature and functions of law and law-making, the development of Australian and international legal systems, the Australian constitution and the role of the individual. This is achieved by investigating, analysing and synthesising legal information and examining legal issues from a variety of perspectives. The HSC course explores the key areas of Crime and Human Rights through a variety of focus studies which consider how changes in societies influence law reform. Students also examine two optional studies and undertake an excursion to court.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. There are no practical components or major works for Legal Studies.
Career Paths
Students undertaking Legal Studies can continue through university to a variety of careers, such as solicitor, barrister, criminologist, police officer, politician, law clerk, the diplomatic service and business manager.
Skills Required
The types of student who should consider undertaking Legal Studies are those who are inquisitive, independent and critical in their thinking. The ability to form an opinion and justify it is a valuable skill for the Legal Studies student. Students who do well in Legal Studies are those who are interested in current affairs, have good reading and writing skills, are well organised, selfmotivated and who have good research skills.
Why Choose It
Legal Studies offers excellent preparation for life and informs students about the rights and responsibilities integral to society. Legal Studies enables students to have confidence in approaching and accessing the legal system, which results in students who understand the influences that shape our society. The course also provides learning that prepares students for further education and training, employment and full and active participation as citizens in Australia and in the global society. Students gain the skills of critical analysis, independent research, collaboration and effective communication.
Subject | Modern History
Description
The Year 11 Modern History course is designed to provide students with opportunities to investigate individuals, groups, events, institutions, societies and ideas in a range of historical contexts. This serves as a background for their more specialised HSC studies. The HSC course is designed for students to investigate national and international forces for change and continuity in the 20th century through three major studies.
HSC
Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks. One of these tasks will be an Historical Investigation. The Year 12 course consists of four assessment tasks.
Career Paths
Students studying Modern History can continue through university to a variety of careers such as working in media, government, foreign affairs, politics, heritage organisations, conservation, education, archives, museums and galleries, the police and law.
Skills Required
Students who wish to undertake Modern History should have a passion for history. They should have a desire to understand the forces that have shaped and continue to shape the contemporary world. Students who can be analytical in their thinking and who are able to build a structured argument tend to do well in this subject. Source analysis skills and a willingness to engage with written and visual sources are fundamental keys to success in Modern History.
Why Choose It
Students should choose Modern History as it offers a wide range of skill development, including critical thinking, analysis and communication skills. It fosters empathetic understanding and provides students with opportunities to explore their interest and curiosity about people and events that have had a significant impact on the modern world. It provides insight into the possible motivations and roles of individuals and groups, as well as the origin and impact of ideas and developments that have transformed and continue to affect change in societies. Modern History provides opportunities for students to explore historical problems, to pose questions and to consider problems of evidence, causation and historical agency as part of the historical inquiry process. Modern History stimulates students’ curiosity and imagination and enriches their appreciation of humanity.
Subject | Society and Culture
Description
Society and Culture is a dynamic, real-world course that fosters cultural literacy and deepens understanding of societal continuity and change. Students develop critical skills to analyse social theories, evaluate diverse perspectives, and explore the complexities of people, societies, and cultures. This multidisciplinary subject integrates concepts and research methods from anthropology, sociology, politics, psychology, and cultural studies. Key topics include personal and social identity, intercultural communication, popular culture, belief systems, social inclusion and exclusion, conformity and non-conformity, and societal continuity and change.
HSC Assessment Structure
In Year 11, students complete three assessment tasks, including an examination. The HSC course features a major written work, the Personal Interest Project (PIP), where students undertake independent social research on a topic of their choice developed in collaboration with their teacher. This written thesis, worth 40% of the overall HSC mark, requires the application of various research methods. Year 12 assessments include four tasks, culminating in the Trial HSC Examination, ensuring students are well-prepared for their final examination.
Career Paths
The study of Society and Culture provides students with knowledge, understanding and skills that form a valuable foundation for a range of courses at university and other tertiary institutions. Students studying Society and Culture can enjoy a variety of careers including journalism, communication and media, international relations, law, social research, cultural analyst, social media manager, public relations, human rights advocacy, political analyst, social/youth work, market research, human resources, event management.
Skills Required
Society and Culture is perfect for students who are curious about the world and passionate about understanding people and societies. Success in this course is supported by skills like critical thinking, effective communication, and creative problem-solving. With guidance, you’ll develop independent research abilities and refine your organisational skills, all while exploring fascinating topics and managing exciting projects like the Personal Interest Project.
Why Choose It
Society and Culture is your gateway to understanding the world. This course helps you develop critical skills in analysis, communication, and research. It’s perfect for students who are curious about people and passionate about understanding global and local issues. Choose Society and Culture to broaden your perspective, challenge your thinking, and prepare for a wide range of exciting career pathways.
Mathematics Standard Mathematics Advanced Mathematics Extension 1 Mathematics Extension 2
Subject | Mathematics Standard
Description
The Mathematics Standard 2 course provides students with the opportunity to develop their knowledge, understanding and skills in working mathematically, to improve their skills to solve problems relating to their present and future needs, and improve their understanding of how to communicate in a concise and systematic manner. The Mathematics Standard Year 11 course is a common course for all students studying the Mathematics Standard Syllabus. In Year 12, students at SMGS will continue into the ATAR-eligible Standard 2 course.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. There are no major works in Mathematics Standard 2.
Career Paths
Students studying Mathematics Standard 2 can continue through university to careers in project management, construction, business, physiotherapy, nursing, teaching or law. Students interested in nonuniversity careers, including trades such as electricians, carpenters, small business owners or hospitality, would be most suited to Mathematics Standard 2.
Skills Required
Mathematical skills from Stage 5 are revised and enhanced. Students who have studied the 5.2 course will find this level of Mathematics most suitable. Measurement, Finance, Data and Number are heavily emphasised through practical applications. Advanced understanding of Algebra is not required; however, students must be able to rearrange equations and understand graphs. Students must be organised and possess resilience and determination.
Why Choose It
Mathematics Standard 2 is for all students as it supports practical numeracy life skills. Students will find the content (in most parts) similar to Mathematics 5.2 and it allows for students to apply their understanding to real-world problems. Some concepts may be new and challenging but Mathematics Standard 2 is ultimately very rewarding for most students. You will develop your problem-solving and thinking skills. If you are considering going to university and have achieved an A-C in Mathematics 5.2, you should strongly consider Mathematics Standard 2.
Subject | Mathematics Advanced
Description
Mathematics is the study of order, relation, pattern, uncertainty and generality and is underpinned by observation, logical reasoning and deduction. It explains real-world phenomena and dictates reasoning and problem-solving in a method of communication that is logical and coherent. Creative thinking is a feature of Mathematics Advanced. Calculus and differentiation are used in a range of applications which have increasing complexity.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. There are no practical components or major works for Mathematics Advanced
Career Paths
Students studying Mathematics Advanced can continue through university to careers in data analysis, statistics, economics and engineering. Any course which includes science-based subjects in the early years, such as the study of medicine or architecture, is made easier by the study of Mathematics Advanced.
Skills Required
A high level of Mathematics knowledge and application is required. The ability to think logically, have an inquisitive mindset and demonstrate resilience is essential.
Why Choose It
Mathematics Advanced challenges you and will develop your critical thinking skills. As a calculus-based course it provides a great foundation for future tertiary studies. If you enjoy Mathematics and have achieved an A or B in Year 10 Mathematics 5.3, you should consider the study of Mathematics Advanced. If you have undertaken Year 10 Mathematics 5.2 and would like or need to do Mathematics Advanced, you should make contact with the Head of Faculty - Mathematics to discuss.
Subject | Mathematics Extension 1
Description
Mathematics Extension 1 provides students with the opportunity at progressively higher levels to acquire knowledge, skills and understanding in concepts that can be applied to real-world contexts. Students are able to acquire enhanced competence in aspects of Mathematics which can be applied in mathematics or related fields at the tertiary level. The study of Mathematics Extension 1 in Year 11 enables students to select the more challenging Mathematics Extension 2 in Year 12 as a one-unit subject.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. There are no major works for Mathematics Extension 1.
Career Paths
Students studying Mathematics Extension 1 can continue through university to careers in data analysis, statistics, economics, engineering, and other fields requiring a high level of knowledge and understanding in Mathematics. The problem-solving and critical thinking skills developed in Extension 1 are transferable to many professions.
Skills Required
A high level of Mathematics knowledge and application is required for Mathematics Extension 1. Academic resilience, creativity and logical thought are essential to succeeding in extension subjects.
Why Choose It
If you are seeking a highly challenging course and you enjoy Mathematics, Mathematics Extension 1 is ideal. If you have received an A or B in Year 10 Mathematics 5.3, you may be suited to the course, but will need to practise continually throughout the year to refine your skills. It complements the study of Mathematics Advanced and students with a high mathematical ability are encouraged to consider it as an option.
Subject | Mathematics Extension 2
(Year 12 Only)
Description
Mathematics Extension 2 provides students with the opportunity to acquire knowledge, skills and understanding in concepts that can be applied to realworld contexts. Extension 2 is an incrementally more challenging ‘calculus course’ than Extension 1. It involves a high level of algebraic manipulation and builds on the knowledge and skills developed in Mathematics Advanced and Extension 1. The study of Mathematics Extension 2 in Year 12 is a one-unit subject.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 12 course consists of three assessment tasks. There are no major works for Mathematics Extension 2.
Career Paths
Students studying Mathematics Extension 2 can continue through university to careers in data analysis, statistics, economics, engineering, and other fields requiring a high level of knowledge and understanding of mathematics.
Skills Required
A high level of mathematics knowledge and application is required for both Mathematics Extension 1 and Extension 2. Academic resilience, creativity and logical thought are essential to succeed in extension subjects.
Why Choose It
If you are seeking a highly challenging course and you enjoy mathematics, and you achieve at a high level in Mathematics Extension 1, then you may consider Extension 2 as one of your units for Year 12. Extension 2 complements the study of Mathematics Extension 1 and students with a very high mathematical ability are encouraged to consider it as an option. If you do Mathematics Extension 1 (and possibly Mathematics Extension 2) you may be better prepared for your university course.
Science Biology
Chemistry
Investigating Science Physics
Science Extension
Subject | Biology
Description
Biology explores the diversity of life from a molecular to a biological systems level. The course examines the interactions between living things and the environments in which they live. It explores the application of biology and its significance in finding solutions to health and sustainability issues in a changing world. Biology focuses on developing problem-solving and critical thinking skills in order to understand and support the natural environment.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. There are no practical components or major works for Biology.
Career Paths
Students studying Biology can continue through university to careers in fields such as ecology, conservation, forensics, genetic engineering, scientific research, microbiology, agriculture, horticulture, and veterinary and medical professions. The course emphasises personal and public health and sustainability issues.
Skills Required
Students of Biology are required to approach their learning with a mature and positive attitude. Biology benefits from studying Mathematics concurrently. You need to understand and implement the Scientific Method consistently and have an inquisitive mind.
Why Choose It
Biology is for students who are engaged by the environment and the organisms within it. It is a course to which most students can relate, as it ultimately describes and explains the living world around them. Biology challenges your thinking and examines new areas of research, informing you about sustainable futures. It will develop your critical thinking skills and provides a good balance between theory and practical tasks.
Subject | Chemistry
Description
Chemistry explores the structure, composition and reactions of and between all elements, compounds and mixtures that exist in the universe. A large focus is on the applications of chemistry; for example, environmental monitoring, industrial processes and synthesis of chemicals. The course involves many experiments and is very much a practical subject. The theory sections are often followed by experimentation to consolidate the knowledge acquired.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. There are no practical components or major works for Chemistry.
Career Paths
Students studying Chemistry can continue through university to careers such as environmental science, marine biology, biochemistry, chemical engineering, forensic science, pharmacology, veterinary surgeons, and the medical professions.
Skills Required
Mathematical skills required include the ability to rearrange equations and an understanding of scientific notation. Chemistry does not require the concurrent study of Mathematics Advanced. You need to understand and implement the Scientific Method consistently and have an inquisitive mind. You need to practise chemistry skills frequently and possess academic resilience and determination.
Why Choose It
Chemistry is arguably the most difficult of the four 2-unit science subjects on offer as students are dealing with events on such a small scale, so it is conceptually challenging. However, it is also the most rewarding, as it will develop your critical thinking skills and has the highest practical aspect of the four 2-unit subjects offered. If you achieved an A or B+ (above 80%) in the RoSA in Year 10 Science and are considering any career that may involve chemistry, it is strongly recommended for Year 11 and 12 so that the transition to universitylevel chemistry is much easier.
Subject | Investigating Science
Description
Investigating Science enables students to develop an appreciation and understanding of science as a body of knowledge and a set of valuable processes that provide humans with an ability to understand themselves and the world in which they live. Through applying Working Scientifically skills processes, the course aims to enhance students’ analytical and problem-solving skills, in order to make evidence-based decisions and engage with and positively participate in an ever-changing, interconnected technological world.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks. The Year 12 course consists of four assessment tasks. There are no practical components or major works for Investigating Science; however, the course contains more time for the depth studies present in all Stage 6 Science courses.
Career Paths
Students studying Investigating Science gain considerable knowledge about general science and the scientific method, which lend themselves to study at university for careers such as environmental science, marine biology, biochemistry, chemical engineering, forensic science, pharmacology, veterinary surgeons and the medical professions. It would also be very useful for many other non-scientific disciplines.
Skills Required
Investigating Science does not require the concurrent study of Mathematics, but some mathematical skills are essential. You need to understand and implement the Scientific Method consistently and have an inquisitive mind. You need to practise skills frequently and possess academic resilience and determination.
Why Choose It
Investigating Science is a wonderful general science course for students with a genuine interest in scientific disciplines, but who don’t want to study one of those disciplines in great detail. The course provides freedom of choice in the context of depth studies and will assist students in developing critical thinking.
Subject | Physics
Description
Physics involves the study of matter and its motion through space and time, along with related concepts that include energy and force. It deals with the study of phenomena on scales of space and time – from subatomic particles and their interactions, up to phenomena that govern the universe, many of which are not fully understood. Physics is the basis for all other sciences and students are encouraged to use observations to develop or confirm models and explore concepts through mathematical application.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. There are no practical components or major works for Physics.
Career Paths
Students studying Physics can continue through university to careers such as engineering, aviation, geophysics, astrophysics, nanotechnology, radiology, mathematics and the medical professions.
Skills Required
Mathematical skills are heavily emphasised and students must be able to rearrange equations and have an understanding of scientific notation. Calculus is not required, so Mathematics Advanced does not need to be studied concurrently; however, it is strongly recommended. You must have an inquiring mind and possess academic resilience and determination.
Why Choose It
Physics is for students who are engaged by the sciences and enjoy solving mathematical problems. Some concepts are challenging but Physics is ultimately very rewarding. The applied nature of the content may appeal to students who prefer a different learning experience. You will also develop your critical thinking skills. If you are considering a career in any related field and have achieved an A or B+ (above 80%) in Year 10 Science RoSA, you should strongly consider Physics as an option.
Subject | Science Extension
(Year 12 Only)
Description
Science Extension is a Year 12 subject that focuses on the nature, development and processes of Science. The course requires students to engage with complex concepts and theories and to critically evaluate new ideas, discoveries and contemporary scientific research. Students are challenged to examine a scientific research question influenced by their study of one or more of the scientific disciplines. In doing this, students extend their knowledge of the discipline(s), conduct further analysis and authentic scientific investigations and uniquely for this course, produce a detailed Scientific Research Report that reflects the standards generally required for publication in a scientific journal.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 12 course consists of three assessment tasks. One of the tasks is the major work, that consists of the Scientific Research Report and the associated Research Portfolio.
Career Paths
Students are sometimes paired with external scientists as mentors for Science Extension. This may allow them insight into scientific careers in multiple disciplines. A student who takes Science Extension is likely to be seriously considering science-based courses for university.
Skills Required
High-level mathematical skills are required, as statistics are often used in the student project. Attention to detail, dedication to study and high levels of achievement in past science-based courses are essential. Most of the Science Extension course consists of independent learning.
Why Choose It
Science Extension challenges students in a field of their own choosing. The Scientific Research Report is based on the students’ own selection of the area of study. As such, students have a freedom of choice of content unparalleled in most HSC courses.
Personal Development, Health and Physical Education (PDHPE)
Health and Movement Science
Community and Family Studies (CAFS)
Subject | Health and Movement Science
Description
The Year 11 Health and Movement Science course comprises two focus areas: Health for Individuals and Communities, and the Body and Mind in Motion.
Health for Individuals and Communities has a focus on the health of young people, with students having the opportunity to research a selected health issue of interest. In the Body and Mind in Motion, students will investigate how body systems influence and respond to movement and they will understand these systems’ interrelations for efficient movement.
The Year 12 course is organised into two focus areas: Health in an Australian and Global Context and Training for Improved Performance. During the course, students will have the opportunity to engage in a collaborative investigation, where they will work in small groups to take a deep dive into an agreed topic that reflects an area of interest.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks and the Year 12 course consists of four. There are no practical components or major works for Health and Movement Science.
Career Paths
Students studying Health and Movement Science can continue through university to careers in sports science, physiology, and nursing (if chosen in conjunction with other science subjects). Students entering any area of the fitness industry would benefit from the study of Health and Movement Science.
Skills Required
An interest in health issues facing society and personal development is essential for success in Health and Movement Science. Refined communication skills in writing are also of great benefit.
Why Choose It
If you enjoy sports and would like a subject with a strong personal aspect to which you can relate, Health and Movement Science should be considered. It is sometimes studied in concert with other science subjects such as Chemistry or Biology, and there is some overlap and synergy between these subjects.
Subject | Community and Family Studies (CAFS)
Description
This course provides students with the opportunity to develop their understanding of the diverse nature and interdependence of families and communities within Australian society. Contemporary society is characterised by rapid social and technological change, cultural diversity, conflicting values and competitive pressures. Community and Family Studies is an interdisciplinary course drawing upon selected components of family studies, sociology, developmental psychology and students’ general life experiences.
HSC Assessment Structure
The Year 11 course consists of three assessment tasks. Two of these are research based, investigating societal issues within Australian communities; the final assessment is the examination. The Year 12 course consists of four assessment tasks. Students are required to develop and utilise research skills in planning, collecting, recording, interpreting, analysing and presenting as they employ various research methodologies to complete an Independent Research Project (IRP) for one of these tasks. This task is teacherled; however, it requires students to conduct their own interviews and write both a case study and a literature review.
Career Paths
There are many career paths linked to Community and Family Studies. Students studying this course will find it useful if they want to go into the following areas: nursing, teaching, psychology, sociology, disability work, childcare, healthcare, and law.
Skills Required
Students are required to critically analyse practical life situations and propose thoughtful and creative solutions to these real-life situations. Economic, social, ethical and other factors are considered when making decisions about the allocation of limited human and non- human resources. For students to excel in this subject it is useful for them to be interested in issues that face our society. Students should also be able to work both independently and as part of a team. A sound level of English attainment and general knowledge is useful to help structure insightful responses about a variety of topical issues.
Why Choose It
This course develops knowledge, understanding and skills needed to have a direct and positive influence on the quality of your life and the lives of others both now and in the future. Many universities include Community and Family Studies (CAFS) as a favourable course for early entry to their courses.
What happens next?
Attend the Subject Selection Information Evening.
You will receive an email which links to a subject selection form. Complete the form, print it off so your parent/ carer can sign it, then hand it to Dr Nelson.
Complete your preferences by the due date Monday 11 August 2025.
Line structures that aim to accommodate the majority of students are created from your survey data. A subject may not run if a very low number of students select it.
The line structure is published to Year 10 students (2-3 weeks). Students with clashes will be contacted by Dr Nelson and may choose another subject. Under special circumstances a student may be granted the opportunity to study a subject offline.
Return the signed selection sheet to Dr Nelson for processing.
Questions?
Email Dr Darryl Nelson, Director of Curriculum and Academic Operations, curriculum@smgs.nsw.edu.au or call the School on (02) 6457 1022.
