Époque de la colonisation troyenne - Les Lusus Troia en Espagne et les «warrior stela» : (Après la Chute de Troie, des colonies troyennes se répandent en Méditerranée, au nord de l'Italie, jusqu'en Asie-Mineure où une Pergame sera reconstruite. Il s'agit de retracer ces colonies qui semblent s'être dispersées très loin dont en Espagne où était leurs alliés Phéniciens et sporadiquement en Europe suivant les routes commerciales; j'ai déjà mentionné la stèle de Kivik en Suède au VOL. 2. J'ai déjà abordé le sens colonisateur des Lusus Troia, il sera présumé ici que l'imagerie est la même; chariot, bouclier, armes, et éléments rituels comme la musique, couplé au symbole du labyrinthe. Nous avons donc un pattern qu'il s'agira d'accorder à la bonne époque, entre 1000 et 800 av. J-C.) «The stelae of the southwest are a very important source of knowledge about late Bronze Age society in the Iberian Peninsula. (12th–7th centuries B.C.). They would disappear during the 7th century B.C [] The first two types (in Sierra de Gata and TajoMontánchez Valley) have a basic composition that consists of a shield in the center of the scene, between a spear above and a sword below. [] Zones III, IV and marginal areas, where Mediterranean objects used as prestige symbols become more and more frequent: chariots, mirrors, combs, fibulae and lyres.» [46] (Ci-joint la stèle de Zarza Capilla montre une danse armée, au bas est un dessin de chariot, suivit d'un guerrier, un bouclier de l'Âge du Bronze et à gauche une lyre.) Datation des premières stèles : «providing a clue to the chronology of the neighbouring Mirasiviene stela, we carried out a Bayesian model of the 27 radiocarbon determinations available for the Setefilla tumuli A and B. [] The model includes a single phase with all 14C, based on the simultaneity of both tumuli A and B. According to this model, burial activity would have started between 1226 and 1018 cal BCE and ended between 365 and 222 cal BCE. [] It is worth noting that both Setefilla and Mirasiviene are located right were the Corbones River meets the Guadalquivir River. The Corbones, which springs at Almargen (Malaga) where significant evidence, including an EIA settlement (Las Madrigueras) and another warrior stela, has been found, is the natural corridor connecting the Lower Guadalquivir River and the Malaga coast, where several Phoenician settlements were founded between the ninth and eighth centuries BCE.» [47] (La stèle de Setefilla est endommagée, photo de droite.) Autre datation : «The human figure (on Almargen stela) has a conical motif above the head, like those documented on the stelae of Setefilla and Ategua. [] These include the stelae of Santa Ana de Trujillo and Zarza de Montánchez (Cáceres), as well as the unpublished example of Telhado (Fundão, Castelo Branco, Portugal). These stelae bear representations of helmets similar to the one found in the Ría de Huelva ‘hoard’, radiocarbon dated to the 11th and 10th centuries BCE [] the ‘Huelva type’ sword found barely 400 m from the find-spot of the stela. Brandherm (2007) identified the sword as belonging to the Series I, dated to the Willburton/Satin46
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The Lyres of the Far West, Chordophones in the Bronze Age Warrior Stelae of the Southwest Iberian Peninsula, by Raquel Jiménez Pasalodos Rethinking Iberian ‘warrior’ stelae: a multidisciplinary investigation of Mirasiviene and its connection to Setefilla (Lora del Río, Seville, Spain), Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (2019), https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-01900909-1
