“The stakes are high when it comes to trade, and we need to expand our markets, not reduce access. Farmers and ranchers are already up against rising supply costs, inflation and low commodity prices, and we simply cannot afford to lose ground in global markets. ”
24 | Miss. H7N9 commercial flock is first confirmed in US since 2017
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Watching wild bird migration flyways to prepare against more HPAI
DAVID B. STRICKLAND
Poultry
Times Editor
dstrickland@ poultrytimes.com
GAINESVILLE, Ga. — The spring migration season is almost here, and with it will come more than 3 billion wild birds from warmer climates heading north, and as always is the case, the potential for additional spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza.
Wild waterfowl such as ducks and geese have been culprits in the spread, but with the mutation of the H5N1 virus, additional species are now contributing to the virus making its way around the globe.
A research team from the University of New South Wales in Australia has investigated the spread of H5N1 through the world’s wild bird flyways. When H5N1 was noted in the late 1990s it was a problem in southeast Asia, but the “hot spots” for the virus are now North America and Europe and different bird species are now carrying the virus as they migrate. In their study, the researchers said that they “tracked the movement of some wild birds according to their seasonal migration along with the incidence of avian influenza. While the spread patterns revealed that the avian influenza had started in Asian countries, it is not clear how it spread from Asia to Europe because, with the birds we analyzed, it was unable to find a flyway from Asia to Europe. However, every spread after the first incidence of avian influenza in Europe can be correlated with the seasonal migration of birds from one country to the other. Europe to Greenland to North America to South America can be established with different wild birds along with the spread from
Europe to Africa.”
The researchers posted their study in a recent issue of GeoHealth.
Apart from mallards and Canadian geese, USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services notes that HPAI can now be found in such varied species as black vultures, turkey vultures, sandhill cranes, great horned owls, red-breasted merganser, grackles, green-winged teals, American white pelicans, and others. In the 30 days between Feb. 23 and March 24, APHIS reports that 21 wild bird HPAI cases were reported in seven different states.
Watching the flyways
Migrating birds along all of North America’s four flyways will make stops in wetlands, lakes and other natural areas posing potential threats of spreading the virus. The four main flyways are the Atlantic, Mississippi, Central and Pacific. As the birds congregate near areas of water, they could potentially contaminate it with the HPAI virus. As these flyways overlap, it increases the chances of spreading amongst several species.
This map shows the four major migratory bird flyways across the United States, Mexico and Canada. The average peak times for the spring migration for the 48 continental United States, runs from April 24 from the southern states to May 15 for the northern states.
believed to have occurred through infected migratory birds traversing across the Atlantic from Europe.”
To keep a check on bird migrations, in real time, BirdCast, an initiative of Cornell University, along with other institutions, provides a trackable means to view where bird migrations are peaking across the nation.
For more on BirdCast and to view their forecast map, visit https://birdcast.info.
“Among the four major migratory pathways, the Atlantic flyway, which straddles across the eastern coast of North America and South America, plays an important role in the epidemiology of bird flu,” the University of Maryland Extension said in a report. “The spread of recent highly pathogenic bird flu, which is of Eurasian lineage, is
Biosecurity
Biosecurity steps to keep farms safe from migrating birds remain crucial to keeping avian influenza away.
To assist with minimizing any spread from migratory birds, APHIS provides tips to manage
ponds and remove standing water. For water ponds and basins — Remove or prune plants from manufactured water features; use scare devices or predator decoys to divert waterfowl from ponds; use fence separations to keep natural ponds from farm housing areas. Standing water — Grade or fill areas where standing water remains more than 2 days after a heavy rain; don’t move equipment through standing water where it could track wild bird feces further into the farm or housing; use culverts or drains to carry water away from poultry housing; and never use untreated surface water for cleaning or watering poultry.
Image courtesy of U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Bipartisan bill introduced to increase egg supply and help bring prices down
DAVID B. STRICKLAND Poultry Times Editor
dstrickland@poultrytimes.com
WASHINGTON — A bipartisan bill was introduced on March 19 that goes hand in hand with a National Chicken Council petition to modify or reverse regulation where the broiler industry must discard breaker eggs.
This bill, “The Lowering Egg Prices Act,” is designed to make hundreds of millions of these breaker eggs available to consumers who have recently seen record prices and product shortages. This bill was introduced by U.S. Reps. Josh Riley (D-N.Y.), along with Dusty Johnson (R-S.D.), Kristen McDonald Rivet (D-Mich.), and Pat Harrigan (R-N.C.).
“Families across upstate New York are struggling to make ends meet because the grocery bills are too high,” Rep. Riley said.
“My Lowering Egg Prices Act is a commonsense, bipartisan bill to take unnecessary regulations off the books, put hundreds of millions of eggs on the market, and lower your grocery bill.”
This bill, signed by 15 members of con-
gress, was sent to Dr. Sara Brenner, acting commissioner of the U.S. Food & Drug Administration.
Referring to the 2009 Shell Egg Rule, this letter from Congress, notes that it, “has forced the broiler industry to throw away perfectly good eggs for no good reason. This rule made little sense when it was adopted during the Obama Administration, and it makes even less sense now as the country finds itself with skyrocketing egg prices due to the ongoing egg shortage.”
“Federal regulations require the refrigeration of eggs 36 hours after they are laid,” the National Chicken Council notes in a release.
“But that rule does not distinguish between table eggs (which are raw products that need to be refrigerated), and breaker eggs (which are pasteurized for use in everyday grocery products like salad dressing, cake mix and pasta).
“This has forced the broiler industry to throw away nearly 400 million perfectly good eggs each year,” NCC adds. “The Lowering Egg Prices Act will fix this problem by granting regulatory discretion on the refrigeration requirement for broiler eggs, thus putting hundreds of millions of breaker eggs back on
the market.”
For clarity, an egg breaker facility literally “breaks” the eggshells and sells the liquid egg product for use in processed products. Also, broiler hatching eggs are used to produce more broilers, or meat birds, which is different from egg-laying flocks which are used for the production of table eggs.
“With Easter right around the corner, coupled with ongoing high egg prices, we should be doing everything we can to help the egg supply, and this is low-hanging fruit,” Harrison Kircher, NCC president, said. “I want to thank Rep. Riley for his leadership on this important issue, and thank Reps. Johnson, Harrigan and McDonald Rivet for lending their support to this commonsense effort.”
“For 15 years, this unnecessary regulation has forced businesses to throw away 400 million perfectly good eggs every single year,” Rep. Harrigan said. “That’s over 6 billion eggs wasted — eggs that should have gone to breakfast tables, school lunches, and food banks. There is no public health benefit here, just pure bureaucratic nonsense that’s driving up costs. This bill stops the waste, lowers prices, and restores common sense.”
One month update of the USDA’s $1 billion plan to combat bird flu
EMILY PARCELL Poultry Times Content Writer
WASHINGTON — One month after U.S. Agriculture Secretary Brook Rollins announced the USDA’s bird flu response plan, egg prices have lowered and targeted investments are being received, the agency reports.
“Egg prices are falling, farmers are getting the relief they need, and we are seeing meaningful progress in the fight against avian flu,” Rollins said. “USDA is making targeted investments and driving innovation to keep our food supply strong and affordable — delivering real results for American families and producers.”
Wholesale egg prices have dropped nearly 50 percent from Feb. 26. New York’s wholesale egg price, which peaked at $8.53 per dozen in February, has seen a steady decline to $4.08 as of March 19.
The USDA’s Five-Pronged Strategy has seen the following updates:
• Strengthening biosecurity measures:
“To help prevent further outbreaks, USDA now offers two free, voluntary biosecurity assessments: one focused on wildlife risk mitigation and another on general biosecurity improvements,” the department said.
“USDA is covering up to 75 percent of costs for the highest-risk biosecurity improvements.”
• Reducing regulatory bur-
dens to expand supply and lower prices:
“The Department continues to explore ways to reduce the extent of depopulations while maintaining food safety standards,” USDA said.
• Expediting relief for farmers to accelerate repopulation: USDA says that to assist with an expedited repopulation of layer hens and to give financial relief to farmers, the department
is increased the indemnity rate by 2.41 times on Feb. 27. This increases the compensation per bird to $16.94.
• Investing $100 million in avian flu research and vaccine development:
“In consultation with HHS (Health & Human Services), USDA will also explore prevention strategies to promote biosecurity in agriculture and in humans to ensure limited impact on American farmers,” USDA notes.
“USDA APHIS will host a webinar on April 1 at 12 p.m. ET that will provide details for interested applicants.”
• Exploring temporary importexport adjustments to stabilize supply:
“USDA has secured new egg import commitments from Turkey and South Korea, with discussions ongoing with other countries to further expand supply in the short term,” the department said. “U.S. shell egg exports have declined by 8 percent, ensuring more eggs remain in the domestic market to help stabilize prices.”
Wayne-Sanderson Farms names Kevin McDaniel as president, CEO
EMILY PARCELL Poultry Times Content Writer
OAKWOOD, Ga. — Wayne-Sanderson Farms has promoted Kevin McDaniel to the position of president and CEO.
“It is an honor to step into this new role and I am excited to lead our exceptional team at Wayne-Sanderson Farms,” McDaniel said.
McDaniel will be succeeding Clint Rivers, now former president and CEO, who is remaining with the company through fiscal year 2026 as executive chairman of the board.
Prior to this role, McDaniel served as the company’s chief operating officer where he led its engineering and marketing functions, as
well as overseeing the company’s retail, fresh and prepared foods business units. Other roles McDaniel has held at the company include senior director of Fresh Operations and vice president and general manager of the Fresh
Business Unit.
“I look forward to building upon the strong foundation we have established and continuing our growth by fostering a positive culture for our employees, ensuring top-quality products and services for customers, and maintaining strong relationships with our farm partners and the communities we serve,” McDaniel added.
During the course of three decades, McDaniel has gained extensive industry experience as he has served as the president of Aviagen North America, and senior positions at Pilgrim’s Pride Corp., and OK Foods, as well as serving on the Board of Directors for both the U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, and the National Chicken Council.
VIEWPOINT
POULTRY TIMES
Why farmers care so much about trade
BY ZIPPY DUVALL American Farm Bureau Federation
Vincent (Zippy) Duvall, a poultry, cattle and hay producer from Greene County, Ga., is president of the American Farm Bureau Federation headquartered in Washington, D.C.
WASHINGTON — An important lesson I’ve learned over the years is that success is built on the foundation of strong relationships. We are stronger when we work together, building trust, exploring new opportunities and navigating challenges.
The same idea of relationships can also be said for our trading partners and if we want to keep agriculture moving forward, we need to ensure those connections remain strong.
With 95 percent of the world’s consumers living outside of the U.S., keeping strong ties with global partners ensures our farmers have access to the markets they need.
In fact, over 20 percent of U.S. farm income is derived directly from exports, and every dollar of those exports generates more than two dollars in additional domestic economic activity. With the new tariffs being introduced, however, farmers are concerned about the impact on our agricultural exports, along with imports of essential farm tools, as our trading partners announce retaliatory tariffs in response.
Farmers have long supported efforts to ensure fair trade and are looking to expand access to more global markets. We understand that tariffs can be used as a
short-term tool to keep U.S. products competitive, and we are hoping to see these tariffs resolved quickly before farmers bear the brunt. That’s why in a recent letter to the administration, we urged leadership to consider the full impact these tariffs could have on our farmers, ranchers and rural communities.
Tariffs on Mexico, Canada, and China
The top destinations for our farm exports are Mexico, Canada and China. In 2024 alone, we sent over $30 billion of agricultural goods to Mexico, $28 billion to Canada and $25 billion to China.
If you were to add the export value of these top three trading partners, it would account for half of our total agricultural exports. The disruption of any of these markets would lead to higher costs, fewer customers to buy our products and ripple effects across our entire economy.
Beyond exports, our trade relationships are also critical for agricultural imports as many farmers rely on access to essential tools and resources for their farms.
For example, approximately 85 percent of potash fertilizer used on U.S. farms
“The stakes are high when it comes to trade, and we need to expand our markets, not reduce access. Farmers and ranchers are already up against rising supply costs, inflation and low commodity prices, and we simply cannot afford to lose ground in global markets. ”
POULTRY TIMES
POULTRY TIMES
‘Power of Meat’ shows meat sales at a record high
DAVID B. STRICKLAND
Poultry
Times Editor
dstrickland@ poultrytimes.com
GAINESVILLE, Ga. — A food item that almost all households (98 percent) buy is meat, with 73 percent of shoppers in the U.S. viewing it as a healthy choice, the 20th annual Power of Meat analysis reveals, adding that meat sales were at a record high of $104.6 billion last year, which is up 2.3 percent.
These survey results were revealed at the recent Annual Meat Conference sponsored by the Meat Institute and FMI – the Food Industry Association.
The Power of Meat report adds that 7 in 10 consumers view poultry and meat as “nutrient powerhouses and an overall
people are buying more meat than ever,” Julie Anna Potts, Meat Institute president and CEO, said. “Meat Institute members are committed to making the nutrientdense meat Americans need and keeping America’s farm economy thriving, today and for generations to come.”
The report noted that average American shoppers buy meat products 54 times a year, spending approximately $16.12 on each meat purchase trip.
Shoppers are also looking for value. The report notes that, “94 percent of consumers are concerned over today’s cost of living, leading to more focus on price and promotions, but always hand-in-hand with taste and quality. More meal planning, more trips and larger packages corresponded to an increase in home-prepared dinners with meat. Both value and
POULTRY TIMES
looking for various options to suit their schedules, tastes and interests,” Rick Stein, vice president of fresh foods with FMI, said. “Whether shoppers are looking for the convenience of new ground meats or incorporating semi-prepared options in their meal prep, the meat department delivers.”
When looking for protein options, the Power of Meat report shows that 90 percent of shoppers view getting enough protein in their diet is very or somewhat important, with the top animal protein-rich choices being eggs (83 percent0, chicken (82 percent) and beef (76 percent).
With the survey showing that Americans ate meals away from home 30 percent less last year, how did home meal preparations stack up? The 2025 Power of Meat said that Americans prepared 4.8 dinners per week at home, with 90 percent including meat items; 86 percent of respondents said that saving time on meal prep is very or somewhat important; 87 percent are interested in recipes and cooking tips; and 53 percent used a combination of prepared food and fromscratch food ingredients.
Generational differences in meat shopping choices are also stressed as important for marketing and sales.
“With Millenials representing 62 percent of all new unit sales in 2024, the meat case of the future is upon us,” the report noted. “Millenials’ approach to meat and poultry is vastly different than that of Boomers, including the what, where and why. This points to a growing role for health benefits, convenience and sustainability as the factors driving the meat/poultry purchase are changing along with meal favorites, preparation devices, cook time and inspiration.”
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Dr. Charles Beard Research award nominations are open
TUCKER, Ga. — The U.S. Poultry & Egg Association and the USPOULTRY Foundation are accepting nominations for the Dr. Charles Beard Research Excellence Award through July 1.
The purpose of the award, which has been presented since 2013, is to recognize outstanding completed research projects, funded by USPOULTRY or the USPOULTRY Foundation, that have had a transformative effect on the poultry industry. The nominee may be recognized for multiple completed USPOULTRY research projects, all focused on the same subject area.
Nominations are open to universities and research institutions involved in poultry research, as well as to individuals within the research community, including USPOULTRY members, staff and sponsored committee members. Self-nominations are also allowed. While nominations should primarily highlight research projects finished within the last five years, projects completed above five years may still be considered if their significant impact has only recently come to light.
Additional information can be found on YouTube at https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=WT6uTXTFnwQ.
To submit a nomination, please send a letter to Dr. Denise Heard, USPOULTRY vice president of research, at dheard@uspoultry.org. The letter should include the nominee’s name, a brief description of the nominee’s research accomplishments and the impact of the research.
The recipient of the Dr. Charles Beard Research Excellence Award will be the primary researcher who conducted the recognized research project(s) and will receive round-trip transportation to, and two nights’ lodging at the 2026 International Production & Processing Expo (IPPE) in Atlanta, Ga. A cash prize of $1,500 will also be awarded. The award will be presented at IPPE during the Chair’s Reception and the awardee will also be recognized during the International Poultry Scientific Forum during IPPE.
The USPOULTRY research program encompasses all segments of broiler, turkey and commercial egg operations. To date, more than $37 million, or $65 million adjusted for inflation, has been invested in the association’s research program. One of USPOULTRY’s key strategic objectives is to increase the availability and constant improvement of the quality and safety of poultry products through comprehensive research.
USPOULTRY and Foundation are accepting research pre-proposals
TUCKER, Ga. — The U.S. Poultry & Egg Association and the USPOULTRY Foundation are accepting research pre-proposals from colleges, universities and research facilities through May 1 for the 2025 Fall Research Competition. Research proposals are accepted and evaluated for funding twice yearly, in the spring and fall.
Pre-proposals are one-page synopses of potential research projects submitted through the new online pre-proposal submission form. The Foundation Research Advisory Committee will evaluate the preproposals and invite full proposals that align with current research priorities. A complete priority research list is available at www.uspoultry.org.
The current list of research priorities includes goals and objectives for the following categories: animal welfare, breeder management (turkeys and broilers), meat bird management, commercial egg production, diseases, environmental management, food safety, hatchery management, nutrition, processing, and employee safety health.
Complete instructions and deadlines for submitting a pre-proposal can also be found on the USPOULTRY website.
Proposals are welcome for current issues that arise outside the priority list, though these will be evaluated based on the justification of the research need. Funding decisions for projects will be made in late September.
USPOULTRY and its Foundation operate a comprehensive research program of more than $1 million annually, incorporating all phases of poultry and egg production and processing. Since the inception of the research program, USPOULTRY has reinvested more than $37 million, or $65 million adjusted for inflation, into the industry in the form of research grants. More than 50 universities and federal and state facilities have received grants over the years.
Merck announces European approval of ARV vaccine for use in chickens
RAHWAY, N.J. — Merck Animal Health, known as MSD Animal Health outside of the United States and Canada, a division of Merck &
TPI WALL AND CEILING INLETS
Co. Inc., announces that the European Commission has granted the marketing authorization for Nobilis Multriva REOm for use in chickens. This vaccine is approved for the active immunization of chickens for the passive immunization of the progeny of the vaccinated chickens to reduce viraemia and clinical signs of disease caused by avian reovirus (ARV) genotypes 1 and 4. Additionally, cross-protection has been established for ARV genotypes 2, 3 and 5.
The primary dose can be administered intramuscularly in the breast or thigh regions as a single dose from 7 weeks of age onwards, Merck says. As a booster, it should be administered from 8 weeks of age onwards, but no later than 3 weeks before the onset of lay. The vaccine should be given at least 4 weeks after administration of the primary vaccination.
“Ensuring effective prevention and control of avian reovirus is crucial for successful poultry production,” Maxim Nakhodko, Merck Animal Health global poultry business unit lead, said. “The approval of Nobilis Multriva REOm represents a valuable innovation for our customers, offering protection against one of the most significant viral pathogens affecting laying and breeding chickens.”
ARV is a non-enveloped virus belonging to the Orthoreovirus genus and is present ubiquitously in commercial poultry worldwide, Merck said, adding that, while not all ARV are pathogenic in chickens and turkeys, some virulent strains can cause clinical symptoms in chicken such as viral arthritis and tenosynovitis. ARV can induce other subclinical disorders such as immunosuppression and malabsorption syndrome.
ARV impacts overall chick quality and production negatively in the poultry industry, Merck added. No specific treatment is available for clinical symptoms caused by ARV and affected birds are euthanized. Currently, vaccination followed by proper cleaning and disinfection is the only way to minimize the impact by ARV.
Kemin Industries launches new feed pathogen control product
SINGAPORE — Kemin Industries launched a new feed pathogen control solution, Prosidium, recently at VIV Asia in Bangkok, Thai
feed producers to produce safe animal feed, Prosidium is based on novel peroxy acids and has undergone several years of research and development. This feed pathogen control solution was designed to help the industry mitigate risks from salmonella and viruses and increase the standard to produce clean and safe feed and food, Kemin
“As the world population grows, more feed is needed to raise healthy livestock and poultry. Prosidium is the culmination of our extensive research and innovative chemistry to create a powerful solution to safeguard feed biosecurity,” Dr. Chris Nelson, Kemin Industries president and CEO, said. “For decades, the feed industry has had two chemical options to manage feed biosecurity, primarily consisting of blends of organic acids or formaldehyde. Prosidium combines the effective
attributes of both and is a new, groundbreaking antimicrobial solution for the industry.”
Inspired by the Latin word “praesidium,” meaning protection or defense, Prosidium creates a new antimicrobial class for the industry, Kemin said
“Kemin believes raising healthy animals is paramount to food safety and human health, which is the driving force behind our rigorous research and ongoing innovations to keep animals healthy and profitably high for our customers,” Stefaan Van Dyck, Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health group president, said. “Responsible feed safety is an integral component of the feed to food chain and is required for consumers and in feeding a global population.”
The ingredients of Prosidium have received regulatory approval in several geographies, including Brazil and South Asia region, Kemin noted. Regulatory work is underway in several regions, including Asia Pacific, South Africa, North America, Europe, and the Middle East.
Americold announces purchase of Houston, Texas facility
“The catalyst for this acquisition was the award of a large grocery retail contract with one of the world’s largest retailers,” George Chappelle, Americold CEO, said. “The new business represents a significant win in our $200M sales initiative. This is a compelling example of Americold’s strategy to expand its market-leading presence in the high-turn, retail segment of the cold storage supply chain. This acquisition also furthers our strategy to purchase assets in key markets to support customer growth and deliver the world-class service that customers have come to expect from Americold.”
ATLANTA — Americold Realty Trust Inc. announces that it has signed an agreement to acquire a facility in Houston, Texas, for a total investment of approximately $127 million including planned expansion and equipment upgrades. The acquisition will add approximately 35,700 pallet positions to Americold’s cold storage warehouse portfolio.
“We have a strong existing presence in the Houston area and were recently awarded a large new fixed-commitment contract with a prominent retail customer,” Rob Chambers, Americold president–Americas, added. “By acquiring this facility, we are able to efficiently reposition existing customers’ inventory and accommodate this attractive new growth opportunity in the fast-turning retail segment where we already enjoy the highest market share in the cold storage industry. Further, the incremental investment we are making into this facility will allow it to service the mix of Americold’s customers in this market. Customers continue to recognize Americold for our commitment to customer service and operational excellence, and our new business pipeline remains robust. Today’s announcement underscores Americold’s commitment to capturing disciplined and profitable growth opportunities that create long-term value for our shareholders.”
The acquired facility was constructed in 2022, has 10.7 million cubic feet, and is located in the Cedar Port Industrial Park in Baytown, Texas. The acquisition includes approximately 16 acres of adjacent land that could be used for future expansion projects. The company noted.
Americold also added that it anticipates the return on this acquisition will be consistent with the stated return expectations for similar acquisitions in the past.
Rabobank: Global poultry markets are strong, but geopolitical tensions could shake things up
UTRECHT, the Netherlands
According to RaboResearch’s latest animal protein report, global poultry trade is expected to remain strong amid relatively
BUSINESS
tight global protein supply and growing consumption, but geopolitics is a wild card. Poultry remains an affordable protein option for price-conscious consumers.
Improved economic conditions in many regions, together with ongoing high prices for other proteins, make poultry an attractive option for consumers worldwide, Rabobank notes. Global consumption growth is predicted to reach 2.5 percent to 3 percent this year. This marks the second consecutive year of above-average market growth, which has led to significant improvements in margin performance in many regions.
“Almost all regions currently enjoy profitable market conditions, with the notable exception of China, which faces weaker economic conditions, waning consumer confidence, and an oversupplied domestic meat market after years of rapid expansion,” Nan-Dirk Mulder, RaboResearch senior analyst–Animal Protein, said.
• Avian influenza continues to spread globally.
Dealing with avian influenza remains a significant challenge for the global poultry industry and is one of its biggest operational concerns. Additionally, the supply of parent stock remains tight, and hatching egg prices are still high, restricting growth.
“Rising egg prices are now driving renewed interest in vaccination as a tool to combat avian flu threats,” Mulder notes. “The poultry industry has debated the use of vaccines in recent years, and more countries are adopting vaccination as a tool to reduce the risk of avian influenza spreading. In general, there is more support among egg producers than broiler producers. Concerns about trade impacts and mixed results in controlling the spread of disease have been key factors for several countries not adopting vaccination as a tool.”
Still, some countries have successfully introduced vaccines. For example, France suffered heavily from avian flu, especially in western regions of the country, which traditionally have high numbers
of duck and Label Rouge (outdoor) production. Since adopting vaccination, France has seen significantly fewer cases, and domestic supply has fully recovered. Similarly, several countries in Asia and Latin America, where usually there is no compensation for farmers affected by avian influenza and export dependence is low, have introduced vaccines.
• Geopolitics will be the most significant factor to watch in 2025.
Aside from the ongoing avian flu risks, rising geopolitical tensions and competition pose the biggest challenges for global trade. In general, global trade is expected to remain strong amid relatively tight global protein supply and growing consumption.
Although the first quarter is typically a slow season, it is expected to surpass year-on-year levels due to ongoing tight market conditions in key import markets such as the EU, the UK, and the Middle East, as well as improved market conditions in Japan and Southeast Asia. Strong import demand is expected to persist throughout the year, keeping breast meat prices high. However, weak Chinese demand and local oversupply may limit upside.
But rising geopolitical tensions, including US tariffs on imports and retaliatory tariffs on U.S. poultry from affected regions, could lead to a trade war and shifting global trade flows. Brazil and Thailand are expected to benefit from these geopolitical tensions.
“They are already gaining market share in markets like China and Mexico, and this trend is likely to continue, especially if trade tensions escalate,” Mulder added. Indirectly, geopolitical tensions could also lead to changes in operations due to restrictions or shifting trade flows of inputs like agricultural commodities, and feed additives.
“Global traders should be prepared to respond quickly to developments,” Mulder said.
Andy Esco joins CWT Farms as VP of production
GAINESVILLE, Ga. — CWT Farms International announces that Andy Esco has joined the company as its new vice president of production.
In this role, Esco will oversee production and feed milling operations in Georgia and Kentucky, providing leadership and strategic direction to optimize productivity, animal health, and overall profitability, the company notes.
“We are excited to welcome Andy to the team,” Jay Daniels, CWT Farms president, said. “His extensive knowledge and leadership in poultry production will be invaluable as we continue to strengthen our operations and drive long-term success.”
Introducing EAGAN FAST TRACK Wall Vents
Esco brings more than a decade of experience in the broiler breeder hatching egg industry. Since 2013, he has served as general manager of breeder operations for International Poultry Breeders (IPB), a division of Wincorp, where he successfully managed multiple breeder operations, collaborated with hatcheries, and implemented comprehensive biosecurity programs.
A 1994 graduate of the University of Georgia with a bachelor of science degree in poultry science, CWT adds that Esco’s deep industry expertise will be instrumental in driving efficiency, innovation, and growth in the company’s production operations.
Chicken Salad Chick, Indiana Fever team up to support women’s sports
COLLEYVILLE, Texas — MSI announces that its franchised restaurants of Chicken Salad Chick have partnered with the Indiana Fever to support the growth of women’s sports, underscoring Chicken Salad
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Chick’s commitment to participating in the vibrant and dynamic world of women’s basketball.
MSI acquired eight Chicken Salad Chick locations in Indianapolis, prompting excitement to partner with the Indiana Fever and further demonstrating MSI’s commitment to the Fever and the Indianapolis community, the company noted. The eight Indianapolis locations provide a variety of dining options, including in-restaurant, take-out, curbside pickup, third-party delivery, and catering services.
As part of this partnership, Chicken Salad Chick will introduce a dedicated cart at Gainbridge Fieldhouse, offering fans its selection of signature chicken salad and favorites during Fever home games. This initiative brings a new experience to the fans and enhances the game-day atmosphere with chicken salad from their very own made-from-scratch kitchen, the company added.
“We are incredibly excited to partner with the Indiana Fever and support the growth of women’s sports,” Troy Morrison, CEO at MSI, said. “Our presence at Gainbridge Fieldhouse allows us to engage with fans meaningfully and be a part of the excitement surrounding the Indiana Fever and professional women’s basketball.”
“Chicken Salad Chick is a wonderful new addition to the Fever family. Like our games, their amazing food brings people together and will no doubt be a favorite stop among fans at Gainbridge Fieldhouse this summer,” Amber Cox, Indiana Fever COO and general manager, said. “We look forward to collaborating with the Chicken Salad Chick team to create new experiences for our fans, as well as activating together in the community.”
In addition to the in-game experience, Fever players will make special appearances at various Chicken Salad Chick locations around Indianapolis this summer. These appearances will allow fans to meet their favorite players and celebrate the spirit of wom-
en’s basketball in the community.
Joe Guith appointed CKE Restaurants’ new CEO
FRANKLIN, Tenn. — CKE Restaurants Holdings Inc., the parent company of Carl’s Jr.® and Hardee’s®, announces the appointment of Joe Guith as its new CEO, effective immediately.
Guith joins CKE with experience in franchising, restaurant management, and the expansion of consumer brands. Previously, he
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served as CEO of Church’s Texas Chicken, where he successfully repositioned the brand and built stronger relationships with the franchisee community, leading to significant improvements in unit-level profitability, record sales, and traffic growth, the company notes adding that these changes led to expanding the Church’s Texas Chicken footprint to more than 1,500 locations across 23 countries. With more than two decades of industry experience, Guith has also held senior leadership roles at GoTo Foods (formerly Focus Brands), McAlister’s Deli, Cinnabon and The Coca Cola Co.
“I am honored to join such a respected and iconic company,” Guith said. “Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s have a rich history of delivering craveable flavors and exceptional service, and I am eager to work with the talented team and franchisees to build on this legacy.”
Sarah Spiegel, CKE board member and interim CEO added, “Joe brings a blend of industry expertise and visionary leadership that perfectly aligns with our goals for Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s. We are confident that his proven track record in brand growth and operational excellence will drive our company forward, allowing us to reach new levels of success and innovation.”
Jollibee launching franchising program in the U.S.
WEST COVINA, Calif. — Global restaurant, quick service restaurant chain Jollibee announces the launch of its first franchising program in the U.S. Best known for its Chickenjoy fried chicken, chicken sandwiches and other menu items, the chain is the flagship brand of Jollibee Foods Corp., also known as the Jollibee Group, one of the world’s fastest-growing restaurant companies.
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Jollibee said that it is seeking high-caliber, multi-unit franchi-
sees, who can not only bring operational expertise and development capabilities but also share its passion to bring the joy of eating to everyone.
Jollibee opened its first North American location in 1998 in Daly City, Calif., and currently operates 76 stores spanning 14 states in the U.S. and 28 stores in Canada. Jollibee’s projected expansion goal is to have 350 stores across both the U.S. and Canada in the next couple of years. Jollibee’s franchising program will play a critical role in this growth strategy, with franchise-owned stores projected to make up the majority of its footprint, the company noted.
Boasting strong sales, Jollibee restaurants in the U.S. reported average gross sales of $4.3 million in the past year. The company adds that it has also enjoyed 50 consecutive months of positive samestore sales growth, driven largely by increasing customer transactions.
“Jollibee brings a special warmth and hospitality to the QSR landscape in North America — it’s a unique element that our brand is very proud of, and we are even more proud to provide that joyful dining experience that you won’t find anywhere else,” Maribeth Dela Cruz, business group head, Honeybee Foods Corp. dba Jollibee. “Franchise candidates have the opportunity to build upon 47 years of expansion and usher in a new era for Jollibee.”
Jollibee has established a U.S. subsidiary, JBM LLC, to operate its U.S. franchise program. JBM is currently vetting potential franchisees with strong restaurant operations experience and will soon be awarding franchises in both existing and new markets. Under the new franchise program, JBM will be offering a range of ownership opportunities to fit various locations and business needs, the company said, adding that qualified candidates will be able to choose from stand-alone buildings with or without drive-thru, strip mall endcaps, urban storefronts, and exterior mall entrances. Jollibee is
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Franchisees will become a big part of Jollibee’s operations, benefiting both from Jollibee’s comprehensive restaurant support and training program as well as the brand’s strong presence and customer loyalty, the company added.
For more information about the franchise program, visit www. jollibeefoods.com/franchising.
Miss. H7N9 commercial flock is first confirmed in US since 2017
DAVID B. STRICKLAND
Poultry Times Editor dstrickland@poultrytimes.com
JACKSON, Miss. — The first confirmed case of H7N9 highly pathogenic avian influenza in several years was confirmed in a Mississippi broiler breeder flock on March 12.
USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service reports that low pathogenicity H7 has been found in wild birds this year, but this case, in Noxubee County, Miss., consisting of 47,700 birds, is the first H7 high path case in a commercial flock in the United States since 2017.
The Mississippi Board of Animal Health notes that the flock was depopulated to prevent spread, and that none of the birds from the flock entered the food system.
“The flock was experiencing high mortality, and samples tested at the Mississippi Veterinary Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, a member of the National Animal Health Laboratory Network, were presumptive positive for HPAI then confirmed as H7N9 at the APHIS National Veterinary Services Laboratories,” the MBAH said in a report.
“This finding is the third case of highly pathogenic avian influenza in commercial poultry in Mississippi since the spring of 2023,” MBAH added. “Since November 2024, HPAI has been detected in migratory waterfowl in multiple areas of Mississippi.”
The nation continues its struggles to contain the H5N1 outbreak that began originally in 2022. Dr. Natalie Armour Manginsay, director of the Mississippi Poultry Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, said in a Mississippi State University Extension report that there are 16 different H (hemagglutinin) flu subtypes and 9 different N (neuraminidase) subtypes.
“The surface structure of the H5N1 and H7N9 viruses differ because they have different combinations of these glycoproteins on their surface, and this makes them ‘look’ different to the immune system,” Manginsay said in the MSU report. “Unlike other avian influenza viruses, H5 and H7 avian influenza viruses have the potential to mutate from low- to highly pathogenic. The H7N9 virus detected in this broiler breeder flock and the H5N1 virus that has caused outbreaks in poultry and other birds globally are highly pathogenic, meaning that these viruses have the potential to cause high mortality and devastating losses in poultry.”
The World Health Organiza tion continues to note that human health risks from bird flu remain low, and that there are no reports of humanto-human transmission. Human H7N9 cases were reported in China begin ning in 2013, and from 2013 to 2018 there were 1,568 hu man infections, with 616 deaths, which is a case fatality ratio of 39 percent. This outbreak in China was partially controlled by the nation’s poultry vac cination program that began in 2017, WHO added.
For the latest statistics on H5N1 outbreaks in the U.S., APHIS re ported on March 24 that for the past 30 days there were 64 confirmed flocks — 14 commercial flocks and 50 backyard flocks, with 2.17 mil lion birds affected.
Utilizing benefits of backyard chicken manure compost
EMILY PARCELL Poultry Times Content Writer emilyparcell@poultrytimes.com
ATHENS, Ga. — With the higher cost of eggs and frequent cases of avian influenza, more people are turning to backyard flocks. However, then the question arises of what to do with the created animal waste?
According to the Rodale Book of Composting, “Chicken manure is the ‘hottest’ of all animal manures, meaning that it is the richest in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Chicken droppings must be composted or incorporated with a highcarbon mulch or cover crop before use, or they will burn any plants with which they come in contact.
One chicken produces about 10 pounds of manure monthly, turning that into usable compost for gardens is a beneficial way to safely dispose of waste, and give your garden a boost.
Dr. Casey Ritz, professor and associate department head with the University of Georgia’s Department of Poultry Science, focuses his research on animal waste awareness.
“In poultry, it’s manure or it’s dead birds taking that nitrous source, adding it to carbon at the right ratio, and letting nature take its course, because they’re natural microbes and bacteria, beneficial bacteria and all kinds of things in the natural environment that then utilize those nutrients and feed on those and then reproduce,” Ritz said. “And as they do that, they transform that raw material into a stabilized product, which would then be called compost.”
Stabilized compost makes for a slower release of nutrients to the plant and soil.
“When we stabilize it, that’s what we do, it allows the nutrients to then be more time released, essentially, instead of volatizing off so quickly,” Ritz explained. “It contributes to soil health, when we
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add that carbon material in that helps to loosen the soil up and make it easier for plants to root, particularly in a garden or flower bed.”
Fraser Reade, a Jefferson, Ga., backyard flock owner, composts his own chicken manure, although not in quite the same conventional manner.
“I compost chicken manure by adding the manure and wood chips to an old pile I’ve had going,” Reade said. “I know that with a concentrated source of nitrogen like that, you can get a pile up to 140-150 degrees and get it fully composted in a couple of months, whereas my current pile takes a couple of years.”
For further information on topics from myths of poultry farming to utilizing chicken waste, check out UGA’s Department of Poultry Science website at: https://poultry.caes.uga.edu/extension/ publications.html.
Serving the Meat, Poultry and Seafood Industries
Keeping the engines running for year-round E15 fuel sales
DAVID B. STRICKLAND
Poultry Times Editor
dstrickland@ poultrytimes.com
WASHINGTON — As the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently announced that it will uphold the April 28 implementation date for the sale of E15 fuel year-round to several midwestern states, there are also initiatives to make availability of E15 nationwide year-round, as well.
Most of the gasoline sold in the United States contains a 10 percent ethanol blend, E15 consists of 15 percent ethanol and is widely touted by the nation’s corn grower representative groups.
“Our approach provides certainty for states that are ready to move forward with year-round E15 while accommodating those that requested additional time,” Lee Zeldin, EPA administrator said regarding the midwestern states approval. “We will continue working with all stakeholders to ensure an available and affordable fuel supply.”
Earlier in March, a letter of nearly 9,000 corn growers and industry advocates from 47 states was sent U.S. Senate and House of Representatives leadership members calling for the removal of federal policy that prevents E15 sales during the summer months.
“A legislative solution for consumers to access year-round E15 comes at no cost yet would provide critical support to our nation’s energy sector, overdue relief to American families, and necessary economic security to rural communities,” the letter noted. “Americans need economic relief, and E15, often labeled Unleaded 88, is a readily available tool to ease financial strain for families across the nation.”
“Covering more than 90 million acres annually, corn is America’s crop,” the letter to congress added. “Ethanol, created from corn is America’s fuel. Every step of production — from planting seed to selling at the station —
is completed on American soil. In addition, ethanol is crucial to advancing our nation’s energy independence and security: Ethanol adds approximately 15 billion gallons to the U.S. fuel supply each year.”
In a push for nationwide E15 availability year-round, the National Corn Growers Association, along with Congressional Biofuels Caucus Co-Chairs U.S. Rep. Adrian Smith (R-Neb.) and U.S. Sen. Deb Fischer (R-Neb.), along with other members of congress met earlier in March to discuss the corn producer’s letter and to continue support for the “Nation-
wide Consumer and Fuel Retailer Choice Act of 2025.”
“Especially as we face uncertainty in our foreign markets, increasing demand for corn domestically would be a much-needed boost for farmers and rural communities,” Kenneth Hartman Jr., National Corn Growers Association president, and an Illinois farmer, said. “We appreciate the work of our allies in Congress who champion corn growers and our priorities and call on Congress to address the issue as soon as possible.”
The corn industry also notes that farms are struggling and
that 2025 is stacking up to be the third year of consecutive losses, and that increased ethanol sales would provide a “market-centric” solution to provide a boost to the farm economy.
“Congress must pass our Nationwide Consumer and Retailer Choice Act of 2025 … It’s a win for consumers and a diverse group of stakeholders — including organizations in the petroleum, fuel marketing, and retail sectors — and it is exactly what the ethanol industry needs: permanent, nationwide access,” Sen. Fischer said. “I look forward to working with Congressman Smith, our colleagues in the House and Senate, and President Trump to get our bill signed into law.”
“Our agricultural producers face uncertainty every day, and in recent years, high fuel prices have hit Americans hard, forcing families to make tough decisions when filling their fuel tank,” Rep. Smith said. “Meanwhile, unscientific and misguided barriers to E15 have blocked access to this affordable and sustainable energy source and sow regulatory uncertainty.”
“Lifting the restriction on nationwide year-round sale of E15 would unleash investment to contribute an estimated $66.3 billion to U.S. GDP (gross domestic product) and 188,000 additional jobs,” Smith added. “It was President Trump’s first administration which paved the way for summertime sales, and it’s now well past time that we provide market certainty through law.”
US Agriculture Secretary Rollins visits UGA for a listening session
BY EMILY CABRERA
University of Georgia
ATHENS, Ga. — U.S. Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins visited the Iron Horse Farm at the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences recently for a listening session with Georgia’s agricultural leaders and the Georgia Department of Agriculture.
Rollins heard from a panel of commodity crop representatives and producers about their most pressing concerns, including disaster relief, labor shortages, trade markets and the future of American farming.
Throughout the discussion, producers highlighted the critical role of CAES faculty and UGA Cooperative Extension in supporting Georgia’s agricultural economy. Producers credited CAES researchers with helping improve efficiency, increase
yields, and ensure food safety, making Georgia-grown products more competitive in global markets.
Disaster recovery and disease prevention top issues
Producers and industry leaders questioned Rollins about federal support amid ongoing challenges, including the aftermath of Hurricane Helene, which devastated Georgia agriculture in September 2024. A poultry producer described the storm’s impact, saying he and his father lost more than half their poultry houses. Like many, they had no insurance coverage at the time and remain in financial limbo.
President Mike Giles stressed the industry’s growing concerns over highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). With poultry as Georgia’s top agricultural sector, Giles emphasized the need for better communication and collaboration to mitigate disease risks, protect animal welfare, stabilize egg prices and maintain global market competitiveness.
Georgia Agriculture Commissioner Tyler Harper noted that since February 2022, more than 1,600 HPAI outbreaks have been reported across the U.S., affecting more than 166 million birds and contributing to higher egg prices due to supply shortages. However, thanks to dedicated communication efforts, swift action by producers, and the Georgia Department of Agriculture’s proactive response plans, the state was able to minimize losses.
As a result, Georgia was of-
early March.
Market access, labor challenges
Casey Cox Kerr, a peanut farmer and owner of Longleaf Ridge Farms in Camilla, Georgia, urged Rollins to push for expanded market opportunities, as domestic peanut markets are oversaturated. She also called for increased funding for agricultural research, citing the work of UGA Extension nutrition specialists in Family and Consumer Sciences, whose outreach on early peanut introduction has helped combat food allergy misconceptions.
As Georgia is the top pecanproducing state in the U.S., pecan growers echoed the need for research-backed marketing opportunities.
Labor shortages emerged as a pressing issue, particularly
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growers who rely on H-2A guest workers. Under current regulations, H-2A employees must return to their home countries every six months before reapplying, despite Georgia’s year-round growing season.
Farmers stated that the costs and delays associated with this process, combined with the difficulty of finding local workers, threaten their operations.
The discussions centered around ideas such as a permanent fix to H-2A and the importance of continued agricultural research to improve efficiency and offset rising input costs, including integrative precision agriculture.
A cotton grower described the financial strain caused by soaring production costs and stagnant cotton prices, noting that outdated reference prices in the 2018 Farm Bill add to the challenge.
He emphasized the industry’s reliance on CAES research and Extension support during tough economic times.
A former legislator and farmer in attendance encouraged an alternative to nutrition program funding cuts in upcoming farm bill revisions, suggesting that the administration incentivize Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients to buy fresh, American-grown produce — supporting both local farmers and healthier diets.
Workforce development and policy solutions for the future of farming
The discussion ended with a broader concern: the aging agricultural workforce and the declining interest in farm careers. With the average farmer’s age increasing, one beef producer warned of an impending crisis, as young people often lack awareness of agricultural career opportunities. Additionally, those without family ties to farming face significant financial barriers to land and equipment ownership. Without intervention, he cautioned, the next generation of farmers may never materialize.
Rollins, a Texas A&M University graduate and former 4-H and FFA member, assured attendees she
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Maintaining avian influenza safety with personal protective equipment
PT
DAVID B. STRICKLAND Poultry Times Editor dstrickland@poultrytimes.com
GAINESVILLE, Ga. — Officials still report that the threat of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza from infected birds to people remains low, but with outbreaks still occurring; it is crucial to take precautions to prevent the spread of the virus.
HPAI transmission can occur through the nasal discharges, saliva and fecal droppings of infected birds, USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service notes. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) when suspected infections are on or near a facility, as well as proper handling of dead birds, keep people safe and help prevent the virus from advancing further.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) added that PPE’s
should be based on the hazard, but should include, but not limited to:
• Disposable boots or shoe covers
• Disposable gloves
• Properly fitted safety goggles
• Protective coveralls or clothing that is chemical-impermeable or fluid-resistant
“Use personal protective equipment like washable footwear or shoe covers, gloves, coveralls, and hair coverings when handling birds,” APHIS says. “These items should be worn only while caring for your poultry — never elsewhere — and be changed between bird enclosures to prevent disease spread.”
“Use personal protective equipment or clothing and shoes that you only use when caring for your poultry,” APHIS adds. “This includes boot covers or boots that can be disinfected. Change into fresh protective gear between poultry houses or coops.”
To prevent bird flu spread and to keep birds healthy, the agency adds to:
• Maintain basic biosecurity.
• For resources to #DefendTheFlock, visit www.aphis.usda.gov/animalhealth/defendtheflock.
• Wash hands before and after handling poultry.
• Keep contact from wild birds and waterfowl away from poultry.
• Clean and disinfect equipment before and after use.
• Know the signs of sickness and monitor the flock’s health.
• Also, if there is an exceptional number of bird deaths or if there are sick birds, contact the state laboratory, the state veterinarian’s office, or USDA’s toll-free number, 866-5367593.
Update on HPAI: On April 1, for the previous 30 days, APHIS reported 52 confirmed flocks, which comprised 12 commercial flocks, 40 backyard flocks, with 2.1 million affected birds
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took their concerns seriously. She pledged to bring their input to Congress as lawmakers work toward a new farm bill in September.
“Both the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution were drafted by farmers,” she said. “We owe it to the hardworking people who keep us fed and clothed to ensure they have the support they need.”
Following the listening session, CAES Dean and Director Nick Place reflected on the event and the opportunity to showcase Georgia’s producers and the world-class research they rely on.
“At CAES, we are deeply committed to advancing agricultural research that drives meaningful progress for Georgia’s farming community,” Place said. “It was inspiring to hear how our research-based solutions are helping producers improve efficiency and profitability. As the research and development arm of the state’s No. 1 industry, CAES is proud to provide datadriven strategies that create real impact. We remain dedicated to this vital work for the long-term success of agriculture. We appreciate Secretary Rollins for visiting our facilities, engaging with producers, and discussing how research can shape the future of American agriculture.”
Emily Cabrera is a writer for the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.
USDA Agriculture
Secretary Brooke Rollins, center, joined Georgia agricultural leaders, producers and University of Georgia agriculture leadership at the college’s Iron Horse Farm recently for a listening session on key industry challenges. Among those on hand were, left to right, Eric Elsner, J. Phil Campbell Sr. Research and Education Center superintendent; Georgia Agriculture Commissioner Tyler Harper; Rollins; UGA College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences Dean Nick Place, and Gabriel Barnhart, JPC-Iron Horse Farm Manager.
