FERDIGHETER Systematisk utvikling av elevenes grunnleggende ferdigheter, med blant annet 18 kurs med konkrete fremgangsmåter, eksempler og oppgaver.
IMprove your skILLs IMprove your skILLs struCturIng paragraphs When you build a paragraph, follow these four steps: 1 Write a topic sentence. The topic sentence is usually the first sentence in a paragraph. It introduces the main idea of the paragraph, and lets the reader know what the rest of the paragraph will be about. The topic sentence can be a statement, or a question. 2 Write at least one supporting sentence. A supporting sentence comes after the topic sentence. Supporting sentences give facts, details, and examples to develop and support the main idea of the paragraph. There is usually more than one supporting sentence in a paragraph. 3 Write a closing sentence. The closing sentence is the last sentence in a paragraph. It repeats the main idea of your paragraph, but using different words. It can also answer a question asked in the topic sentence. Study this model paragraph: Topic sentence Supporting sentences Closing sentence
There are at least three reasons why Norway is said to be one of the best countries in the world. First, Norway has a very good health care system. Second, Norway has a high standard of education. Finally, Norwegian towns have many green parks and lots of space. As a result, many people think Norway is a great place to live.
4 Link your sentences and paragraphs together When you write a paragraph, try to use sentence connectors. They are the glue that holds your sentences and paragraphs together. They help the reader follow your arguments. They also show contrast, or how ideas are related to each other. Here are a few examples of sentence connectors.
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Instruksjon Eksempel
Listing ideas
giving more examples
showing contrast
first of all
in addition
on the other hand
showing result
therefore
second
moreover
however
consequently
next
furthermore
nevertheless
as a result
finally
similarly
in spite of
in conclusion
Øving
Practise 3.20 Which sentence connectors were used in the model paragraph above? 3.21 Fill in suitable sentence connectors in the open spaces. a Kirsty seems to be quite clever. , she often gets low marks. b The service at this restaurant is excellent. , the food is delicious. c I’ve never been to Egypt, having relatives there. d Adam is a careful driver. , he’s had several accidents. e Eileen scored a lot of goals for her team last season. , she was voted “Most Valuable Player”. f Amal is a talented painter. her favourite subject at school is Art. sharIng InforMatIon: “shoW anD teLL” g There is no more food left. there are plenty of drinks. Become a better speaker by learning the following steps. h They had worked on the problem for hours. , they found the solution.
IMprove your skILLs IMprove your skILLs not so good
Practise Much better
3.22 Place these sentences in the right order to make a paragraph. 1 Introduce your topic in a way I’m gonna talk Have you ever wanted to listen to a a It is used by most international companies, inabout tourism and business. special song, but couldn’t because the that catches the attention my favourite b One reason isofthat has become language. CD was in your mother’s car? Or have the English audience. Create an an international gadget, my cell What do you want phone, ‘cause I write English you seen the most wonderful sunset, c Consequently,atmosphere. I am very excited about learning to speak and better. or to make have time to but been unable to take a picture, d Another reason why I your wantaudience to learnfeel English, isdidn’t for travel. (scared, curious, amused …)? prepare anything because your camera was at home? e Finally, I want to learn English because I plan to study in Australia in the future. Try to create a picture in their else. Well, the answer to such needs is this f There are three reasons why I want to learn English. head. tiny gadget, my cell phone. g I would like to visit English-speaking countries such as the US, Canada and New This is maybe not This is a fascinating object and I carry Zealand. 2 Convince your audience that are there interested in the very topic,goodvery exciting, and h For example, Iyou know are some universities in Sydney. it in my pocket all the time. There is maybe even passionate about it. I’m not sure if I or Show that you know your topic know how it works, well. Don’t show any signs of but I’ll do my best. uncertainty.
3 Decide what your message is. Repeat words or phrases that underline your point. Maybe you will have to explain some difficult words. Make short brakes to make sure people follow you.
I am not sure what the most interesting part is, really, so I’ll just sum up everything you can do with it.
or
4 Use pictures or bring objects to illustrate your point. Show and demonstrate how your object works.
It is hard to explain when you can’t see it, but there is a button somewhere …
or
First, it is very important that you have network access if you want to use the Internet. Second, always be sure that you have sufficient power on the battery …
2.31 Change the following conclusions into more catching ones. a I guess this object wasn’t too interesting after all, but do you have any questions? b That’s all I know about this invention, sort of. 2.32 Now it is time to show and tell. Choose an object at home, a personal belonging, a useful item, something old or something you find fun or interesting. Prepare a short presentation of the object, using the steps from page 64. Give your “show and tell” in groups or in class. Finally, give each other feedback on your presentations. What was good? What can be improved?
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5 It is important to make a good That’s more or less conclusion because that is what it. Any questions? your audience will remember afterwards. Sum up your main points and, if possible, return to your introduction. Always learn your introduction and or conclusion by heart to sound convincing. The best is to know your topic well enough to be able to speak without a manuscript. For your audience it is far more interesting to listen to you speaking than reading from a paper.
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so much fun you can do with it and I want to share some of it with you.
2.30 Change the following introductions into more catching ones. a I’m going to talk about an interesting object that I found in our basement. b I have been asked to talk about a famous invention in the history of health care.
When you push this button, you turn on the cell phone. To dial the access code, you must touch the screen here …
So when you know how to handle this little object you have music, camera and much more in one single gadget. And best of all, you can even use it to call your friends! Thank you for your attention and please don’t hesitate to ask if you have any questions.
“This is my great grandpa. He lives in a wooden box under the ground. He doesn’t talk much and smells pretty bad too – but he’s really fun to play with in the sand box.” Skills | Chapter 2: Looking Back | 65