The Journal of Science Extension Research – Vol. 3, 2024

Page 186

The Journal of Science Extension Research – Vol. 3, 2024

concluded that all of the oils exhibited antifungal activity against Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, hence they may potentially be incorporated in food packaging to prevent fungal spoilage. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the antifungal activity of those oils, hence the null hypothesis was accepted. However, this does not mean that there is no difference between the anti-inhibitory activity of these oils, as the myriad of limitations presented in this study (such as the small sample size) may have impacted the viability of the results obtained. Therefore, additional research is needed to investigate the differences between the antifungal activity of these oils more thoroughly. As the study only accounts for differences in inhibiting the growth of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, further research on other characteristics of the oils, such as their effect on the appearance and taste of food, is needed to determine their suitability for use in food packaging and preservation.

Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge my supervising teacher, Joelle Rodrigues, and mentor, Dr Taylor Szyszka, for guiding me throughout the creation of this report. I would like to further acknowledge Aliyah Asad for assisting in the preparation of agar plates and arrangements of the experiment, and Therese Kanaan for guidance in statistical analysis and interpretation of results. I would like to additionally thank my peers and teachers who provided me with the ideas and moral support to persevere through this otherwise difficult journey.

Reference list Al-Maqtari, Q. A., Rehman, A., Mahdi, A. A., AlAnsi, W., Wei, M., Yanyu, Z., Phyo, H. M., Galeboe, O., & Yao, W. (2021). Application of essential oils as preservatives in food systems: challenges and future prospectives – a review. Phytochemistry Reviews, 21(4),

education.nsw.edu.au

1209–1246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-02109776-y Alpers, T., Kerpes, R., Frioli, M., Nobis, A., Hoi, K. H., Bach, A., Gilbert, R. G., & Becker, T. (2021). Impact of Storing Condition on Staling and Microbial Spoilage Behavior of Bread and Their Contribution to Prevent Food Waste. Foods, 10(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010076 Aneja, K. R., Dhiman, R., Aggarwal, N. K., & Aneja, A. (2014). Emerging Preservation Techniques for Controlling Spoilage and Pathogenic Microorganisms in Fruit Juices. International Journal of Microbiology, 2014, 1– 14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/758942 Apisariyakul, A., Vanittanakom, N., & Buddhasukh, D. (1995). Antifungal activity of turmeric oil extracted from Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 49(3), 163–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(95)01320-2 Bond, M., Meacham, T., Riaz Bhunnoo & Benton, T., (2013). Food waste within global food systems. Global Food Security. http://cradall.org/sites/default/files/foodwaste-report_0.pdf Burgute, K. A., Magar, S. J., Patil, A. C., Navale, M. D., & Bajad, A. R. (2019). In vitro bioefficacy of essential oils against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing fungal fruit rot in pomegranate. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(6), 1605–1607. Das, K. (2016). Chapter 95 - Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Oils (V. R. Preedy, Ed.). ScienceDirect; Academic Press. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/articl e/pii/B978012416641700095X Espitia, P. J. P., Fuenmayor, C. A., & Otoni, C. G. (2018). Nanoemulsions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in Bio-Based Active Food Packaging. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety,

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