Advocacy and Lobbying in Pennsylvania - A Guide by Bellevue Strategies

ADVOCACY & LOBBYING IN PENNSYLVANIA A GUIDE BY BELLEVUE STRATEGIES

WELCOME. Congratulations on taking the first step into the world of advocacy! We hope that this guide will be a helpful tool to help nonprofits and their staff navigate the world of engagement as you continue to build support for meaningful work.

Table of Contents 03

Section I

Advocacy and Lobbying for Nonprofit Organizations

12

Section II

Harrisburg 101

19

Section III

A Blueprint for Successful Advocacy | Harrisburg 101: The Toolkit

24

Section IV

Media Channels and Communication Tactics

27

Appendices 02

SECTION I

ADVOCACY AND LOBBYING FOR NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS

Yes, nonprofits can engage in advocacy and lobbying!

AS A NONPROFIT, There are a multitude of ways you can advocate for important issues.

WHEN DONE EFFECTIVELY, Advocacy influences public policy by engaging people and key stakeholders to take meaningful action.

HOWEVER, Nonprofits are only able to lobby within a certain threshold without jeopardizing their tax-exempt status.

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SECTION I

Our Objectives

In this section, you will learn to:

UNDERSTAND the definitions of advocacy and lobbying for 501c3 nonprofit organizations.

IDENTIFY the differences between advocacy and lobbying activities.

EXPLAIN direct and grassroots lobbying, and understand why these distinctions are important.

ILLUSTRATE examples of why advocacy is essential for nonprofit organizations.

04

SECTION I.I

WHAT IS ADVOCACY? FOR NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Nonprofit advocacy is a broad category of activities, referring to any set of actions that raise awareness, draw public support, or get people involved in a cause with the intention of making a difference. The term advocacy includes a wide range of activities such as research, public awareness, and voter education.

Why do nonprofits take up advocacy campaigns?

To address the causes of the issues they stand for. It is the most tried and true way to help bring about systemic change at the local, state, and national levels.

SECTION I.I

EXAMPLES OF NONPROFIT ADVOCACY

Voter Mobilization

Education

Visits

Host voter registration

Meeting with a

Tour an elected official

events and nonpartisan

legislator to educate

through a healthcare

voter education

about LGBTQ healthcare.

clinic in order to speak

campaign outreach.

with patients and administrators.

Host

Mobilize

When a legislator has the

Host a letter-writing

Have supporters sign a

communities impacted by

campaign asking

petition to increase

an issue, it is a

legislators to support

support for mental

meaningful way for them

increased education

health funding for

to see firsthand the

funding.

LGBTQ youth.

implications of a certain

opportunity to visit

policy. Legislative visits

Publish

Organize

Publish a report on the

Organize a rally in support

implications of

of raising the minimum

environmental regulations

wage.

are a powerful tool for nonprofits.

They are also an impactful tool to attract

and send it to elected

media, thereby increasing

officials.

the audience for the advocacy campaign.

06

SECTION I.II

WHAT IS LOBBYING? FOR NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS

Lobbying consists of direct communication with decision-makers (elected officials and staff) about existing or potential legislation, and urging a vote for or against.

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) defines lobbying as:

“An organization will be regarded as attempting to influence legislation if it contacts, or urges the public to contact, members or employees of a legislative body for the purpose of proposing, supporting, or opposing legislation, or if the organization advocates the adoption or rejection of legislation.”

On the next page, you'll find the definitions for two different types of lobbying activities.

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SECTION I.II

DEFINITIONS TYPES OF LOBBYING

DIRECT LOBBYING When an organization speaks directly to an elected or governmentappointed official about their position with the goal to change that individual's mind or vote.

EXAMPLE: When an organization hosts a press conference in front of a legislator's office asking them to oppose legislation that targets trans youth.

GRASSTOPS/GRASSROOTS LOBBYING Grassroots lobbying involves mobilizing the public around a specific policy issue. It is different from direct lobbying because it rallies the public to take action. The goal is to affect the opinions of the general public, and ultimately, show legislators that there is broad support for a cause. Grassroots lobbying is an important tactic for nonprofit organizations. It mobilizes everyday people to understand the impact and importance of the legislation.

GRASSROOTS OUTREACH INCLUDES: A call to action Communication with the general public Taking a position on a specific legislation

08

THE BOTTOM LINE FOR NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS

The difference between lobbying and advocacy can be hard for nonprofits to navigate. The IRS has weighed in with the following definition: “A 501c3 organization may engage in some lobbying, but too much lobbying activity risks loss of tax-exempt status.” If a nonprofit is reported as spending too much time or money on lobbying they can lose their tax exempt status.

CAUTION! Nonprofit organizations are prohibited from directly or indirectly participating in any political campaign on behalf of (or in opposition to) any candidate running for public office at the local, state or federal level.

SO WHAT DOES ALL THIS MEAN FOR 501(C)3 NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS? Nonprofit organizations are able to participate in some legislative lobbying activities. There are spending limits and technicalities that stop nonprofits from spending to much time on this. Nonprofits have two options for measuring compliance with 501c3 limits on lobbying activities. The amount of lobbying a nonprofit can do depends on the rules they choose to follow.

No Substantial Part Test This test requires that “no substantial part of a charity’s activities...be carrying on propaganda or otherwise attempting to influence legislation.” This test is vague, but most nonprofit experts generally advise nonprofits to devote 3-5% of their overall activities towards lobbying using this test.

This is the default test that applies to nonprofits if they do not fill out a 501(h) form.

501 (h) Expenditure Test This expenditure test sets specific dollar limits that can be spent to influence legislation without penalty taxes or losing exempt status.

Limits are calculated as a percentage of a charity’s total exempt purpose expenditures (i.e., 20 percent of the first $500,000…), The "h" tests allow nonprofits to opt out of the vague “substantial” activity test.

Congress enacted sections 501(h) and 4911 in 1976 to provide the option of an objective standard rather than the vague insubstantial part test.

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SECTION I.III

ACTIVITIES: LOBBYING VS. ADVOCACY The Examples

Lobbying

Advocacy

The Difference

MEETING

Asking a legislator to take

Explaining the need for

Advocating

with a

a stance on a bill that

expanded gender-

against a

criminalizes gender-

affirming healthcare.

specific bill vs.

legislator or

affirming healthcare.

general

staff.

POSTING on social media.

education Having supporters post

Posting on social

Specific

on social media and tag

about the importance

outcome vs.

their legislators asking

of gender-affirming

general

them to oppose a bill

healthcare.

awareness

that criminalizes gender-affirming healthcare.

AUTHORING an op-ed for

The Executive Director of a nonprofit authors an oped asking legislators to vote

a local

no on a bill that

newspaper

criminalizes gender-

Writing an oped about a personal story of experiencing genderaffirming healthcare.

Advocating against a specific bill vs. general awareness

affirming healthcare.

CALLING

supplying supporters a

Providng supporters a

Advocating

script for calling their

script to call legislators

against a specific

your

legislator asking them to

to educate them on the

bill vs. general

legislator.

oppose a bill that

importance of gender-

awareness

criminalizes gender-

affirming healthcare.

affirming healthcare.

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WHY? WHY THIS IS IMPORTANT FOR NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS TO KNOW.

NONPROFITS play an integral role in advocating for policies that enact social change. They play an important role in addressing the needs of vulnerable communities and build awareness around issues that are often neglected.

BRADBURY-SULLIVAN in particular, is an essential bridge between state legislators and the LGBTQ community.

Many nonprofits believe that they are not able to advocate or lobby without losing their nonprofit status, but as we've learned, this is not true. Federal law exists to encourage nonprofits to lobby — just with specific restrictions.

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SECTION II

HARRISBURG 101 FOR NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS

Ever wonder how Harrisburg works?

Here's a breakdown:

OUR OBJECTIVES This section helps you understand how the budget process and legislative calendar works in Pennsylvania.

WHILE WE ALL KNOW the basics of government, looking at it from an advocacy or lobbying perspective can change our understanding of "the right time" to take specific action.

IN THE END, you will better recognize when that "right time" is to advocate for a bill or for funding.

REMINDER LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION: Understanding where to make change is important for advocates to know what level of government is responsible for enacting the change they are seeking. Advocating for policy at the county or city level may be the appropriate level instead of the state level depending on the issue.

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SECTION II

SOME KEY TAKEAWAYS AND FACTS ABOUT HARRISBURG

No. 1

No. 2

No. 3

Pennsylvania is a

With 203 members

There is no statewide

full-time legislature,

in the House and 50

ballot initiative or

meaning the

members in the

referendum ability in

legislators work

Senate,

PA. Therefore, every

year-round.

Pennsylvania has

policy issue must be

one of the largest

approved by a majority

legislatures in the

of the Legislature and

country.

signed by the Governor.

No. 4

No. 5

year-round. However,

Republican-controlled

there are certain times

Legislature has started

in the budget process

passing constitutional

when it is the most

amendments to

effective to speak with

change laws.

Advocacy must occur

Recently, the

Ballot initiates can happen on the local level, depending on the municipal structure / local Home Rule Charters (example: Philadelphia)

a legislator about a funding or policy priority.

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More on constitutional amendments Proposed constitutional amendments in the General Assembly are a tool that allow voters the opportunity to change the PA Constitution. Constitutional amendments must pass both General Assembly chambers (House and Senate) two sessions in a row. The amendment is then put to the voters who can approve or reject the proposed amendment. If a majority of voters approve the amendment it becomes a part of the PA Constitution and a law.

Examples of recent constitutional amendments include: Allowing lawmakers to terminate a disaster declaration at any time Equal Rights Regardless of Race or Ethnicity Changing the mandatory retirement age for PA Supreme Court Justices

The Difference: Constitutional Amendment vs. Referendum Ballot Initiatives / Referendums ORIGIN VOTED ON RATTIFED AVAVIBLE IN PA?

The voting public (Average citizens)

Constitutional Amendment The General Assembly

By the people, as questions included on

By the General Assembly, in two

election day ballots

seperate, consecutive sessions

N/A

By the people, on a ballot

Not on a state-level. Sometimes, on the

Yes

local level, depending on the municipality

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SECTION II

HARRISBURG 101 THE BASICS

Pennsylvania is considered a full-time legislature, which means that they are in session all year. Normally, legislators are in session, about six times each month (with the exception of June, when they can be in session for as many as 25 days). When they are not in Harrisburg voting on legislation, they are in their district offices meeting with constituents and spending time in their communities.

Most legislators are almost exclusively in their district offices for the months of July through September.

Pennsylvania ranks as the second-

Pennsylvania’s legislative body works on a

highest-paid legislature in the country.

two-year cycle, opening in January of odd

Unlike many other state legislative bodies,

number years (2021, 2023 for example) and

elected officials have a full-time staff who

then ending on November 30th of the

help with constituent services and drafting

following year. This means each bill

legislation.

introduced has two years to make it through the legislative process or else must be reintroduced the following session.

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SECTION II.I

THE BUDGET OVERVIEW FOR HARRISBURG The “budget season” typically refers to the critical months between February and June.

This is when key events occur leading to the approval of the annual operating budget and related legislation.

Pennsylvania’s fiscal year runs from July 1 to June 30. The constitution requires the Legislature to pass a balanced budget by June 30th of each year. Occasionally, the Legislature will debate the budget well beyond the June 30th deadline.

HERE'S WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE: 16

August

August - February

The Governor’s budget tells all state

The Governor's budget office reviews and

departments ways to calculate their

develops its proposed budget based on what

requested budget. For example, a

an agency submits. This includes information

departments may need to cut overall

on revenue projections and the Governor’s

spending.

policy priorities.

February

February - April

The Governor proposes his budget to the

The Legislature recesses from voting session

legislature – customarily, on the first

for the House and Senate Appropriations

Tuesday in February. He addresses the

Committees to hold hearings reviewing the

joint session of the General Assembly

Governor’s proposed budget. Each state

(both Senate and House convene in the

department, along with the Governor’s office,

House chamber) outlining his or her

testifies before the committees. These

policy priorities and thoughts on how

hearings offer the General Assembly an

state funding should be appropriated.

opportunity to discuss specific programs within agencies and revenue projections.

This is an important time for advocates to meet with legislators to discuss their budget priorities and funding requests for the upcoming fiscal year. This is also an opportunity for organizations to submit questions to legislators to ask during a hearing. These questions highlight the necessity of funding the client priorities.

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June - July

May Initial discussions among legislative

Negotiations continue through May and June.

leaders begin to produce a framework for

Frequently, legislation not related to the

the budget. Majority parties often control

budget but necessary to obtain legislative

the process. Real negotiations normally

votes for the budget, needs to move through

do not begin until after Memorial Day. A

the process prior to the budget bill being

budget is crafted that combines the

passed by both chambers.

Governor's priorities and those of the different chambers.

This is the time when advocates and nonprofits will work with legislators to make sure their priorities are included in the final budget.

In addition to the actual spending bill,

Once the General Assembly passes the

there are several “budget trailer” bills that

budget bill, the Governor has the

move with the budget.

opportunity to sign the bill, veto the bill, permit the bill to become law without

Those include the following:

signing it, or line-item veto particular

Tax Code, Fiscal Code, Health & Human Services Code, and

items.

Administrative Code.

Gov's Address

Hearings

Negotiations

Budget Bill Passage

Trailer or "enabling" Bill Passage

Adjourn

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SECTION III

A BLUEPRINT FOR SUCCESSFUL ADVOCACY Effective advocacy organizations engage legislators year round in order to advance a policy initiative. They create an advocacy plan that includes different tactics, strong messaging, and goals that are executed throughout the year. An effective campaign includes: Strong messaging that resonates with supporters and elected officials.

The tactics used in an effective campaign are: Meeting with legislators in-person

Hosting a policy hearing

Writing OP EDS in support of your issue

Specific goals and actions Forming a coalition with other nonprofits Diverse coalitions and supporters Convening rallies and press conferences Combination of advocacy tactics Pursuing earned media Press and earned media opportunities

Conducting letter and phone call campaigns

Overall: Influencing policy takes time and effort. Frequently, it takes years to change the status quo, but successful advocacy has the potential to positively impact the lives of many individuals.

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HARRISBURG 101: THE TOOLKIT

LEGISLATIVE MEETINGS

Effective communication can make a difference in how your message is receieved.

IN HARRISBURG

OUR OBJECTIVES

Help you understand how to prepare for a meeting with a legislator or their staff and learn the necessary skills to communicate effectively with a legislator during a meeting.

THE KEY TAKEAWAYS Meeting preparation is key.

A meeting with a legislator is the first step to forming a working relationship with them. An

Being an advocate includes:

advocate's goal is to become a

preparation,

trusted resource to the legislator.

communication,

There are different reasons for an organization to meet a legislator

documentation,

in his or her district office vs.

follow up.

meeting in Harrisburg or City Council.

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HARRISBURG 101: THE TOOLKIT

LEGISLATIVE ADVOCACY IN HARRISBURG There are multiple ways that nonprofit organizations can advocate for important causes. This section will focus on in-person meetings with legislators. Many nonprofit organizations find in-person meetings to be the most effective way to advocate.

Remember: Here is a guide on how to have a successful meeting with a legislator and/or staff.

If a member is not available to meet, their staff can be just as helpful. They are often the gatekeepers to their members

THE STEPS:

PLAN

PREPARE

INFORM

Think about the points that may be raised about your issue. Practice giving your reason why you think your view is what the legislator should support.

Create a one-pager (also known as a “leave behind”) that explains the issue clearly with specific facts that reinforces your advocacy efforts.

This can include graphics, quotes, and if possible, specific information on how the issue impacts the legislator's district. Make your one-pager as simple as possible.

Make sure to read and familiarize yourself with the legislator's background and district. It is important to know what committees your legislator is on and if they hold a leadership position. You can use the background information that we provided as a good starting point.

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THE BASICS: WHEN, WHERE, & HOW WHEN & WHERE: LOCATION Legislators in PA have two offices, one is in the state capitol in Harrisburg and one in their legislative district. Advocates travel to Harrisburg to meet with many legislators at a time, host a lobby/advocacy day and attend committee hearings. Meeting with a legislator in his or her district office is a great opportunity to get one-on-one facetime with your local legislator and form a relationship.

HOW: DURING THE MEETING

Keep it brief and speak from the heart.

Think about the reason you have decided to advocate for this particular issue or concern. It likely affects you directly or in some deeply personal way. Your do not want to present only facts and figures, but also make the issue relevant to the elected official or staff person.

POLICY DISAGREEMENTS It is okay to disagree with legislators, but when you do, make sure to present them with reasoning that backs up your position. It is okay if you do not know the answer to a question, rather than make something up, tell the legislator or staffer that you will follow up with them. Advocacy is about negotiation. What is your organization willing to compromise on.

BE A RESROURCE

THE END GOAL

The first time you meet with a legislator is an opportunity to form a long-term relationship.

Over time, your organization can become a resource on specific policy issue in the future.

Most importantly your objective is to encourage someone in the office to think for more than a few minutes about the issues that you have brought to his or her attention. Having a clear and concise “ask” helps you to achieve that goal.

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AFTER THE MEETING IT IS IMPORTANT TO:

No. 1

No. 2

No. 3

Make sure to promptly

Always send a personal

Great meeting? Invite them to

follow up with any

thank you email that re-

a meeting with your

information requested.

states each policy ask and provide copies of the leave behinds.

organization in their home district. Perhaps, an op-ed for them to submit to their local newspaper or an article for your newsletter.

Some helpful tips on being an effective advocate:

Remember that the issue, time of year and situation can impact your effectiveness.

Advocacy is about negotiation. There must be things that your organization is willing to compromise.

Why do legislators want to hear from you?

In the government, there are thousands of bills introduced, making it impossible for a lawmaker to study all of them. They rely on advocacy groups, constituents, interest groups, lobbyist, staffers and other members of the legislature to help them. This means that elected officials NEED to hear from you, and your experience as a nonprofit adds additional authority.

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SECTION IV

MEDIA CHANNELS AND COMMUNICATION TACTICS In this section, we'll learn key tips for writing an effective op-ed and best practices on how to engage legislators on social media.

Key takeaway: A successful advocacy program should always include communications with stakeholders, legislators, and the general public.

SO WHAT ARE OP-EDS?

An op-ed is a tool to raise awareness about an issue or cause. It allows nonprofits an opportunity to shape public opinion and share their story.

Before you begin writing an op-ed, here are some helpful tips:

TIMING

Did something happen in the news recently that makes a specific topic more relevant?

Did your organization just finish meeting with legislators?

INDENTIFY YOUR AUDIENCE

Who are you trying to persuade?

Are you trying to educate policymakers on an important issue?

DEVELOP YOUR MESSAGE Make a single point and do it well Put your main point on top Tell readers why they should care

PLACEMENT OF OP-ED

Always try and place your op-ed in a legislator’s hometown newspaper Online Publications often print more OP-EDS than traditional newspapers

AMPLIFY YOUR OP-ED

If your nonprofit has social media channels, broadcast your op-ed

Example: A nonprofit organization just finished meeting with legislators at the state capitol about increased funding for the childcare workforce. To help amplify their cause, the nonprofit published an op-ed written by a childcare provider who is unable to hire enough staff and may be forced to close. The op-ed was shared on the nonprofit's social media pages and their newsletter.

24

NAVIGATING SOCIAL MEDIA FOR NONPROFITS

Social media is a way to amplify your nonprofit’s message to additional audiences across different platforms. These channels can help reinforce relationships with decision-makers.

Frequently, nonprofits will incorporate social media into their overall advocacy efforts through a social media toolkit. This allows supporters to have a unified voice and brings attention to a specific cause. A social media toolkit includes examples for social media, Twitter, and Facebook.

Tips: No. 1

No. 2

No. 3

No. 4

Follow elected

Tags ##.

Keep your posts to

Plan Ahead. Plan

officials' social

Make sure to tag

the point and

ahead what you

media channels.

your elected

engaging. When

want to post. This

Elected officials use

official's

posting on social

can be done on a

social media to

government page

media keep your

weekly or monthly

communicate with

when your nonprofit

posts brief with a

basis with your

constituents and talk

uses social media.

specific call to

team or through a

about the issues

You can find their

action or outreach

content calendar. If

they care about.

social media

effort. Add pictures

you know your

Engage with the

channels on their

to boost

Executive Director

elected official and

websites.

engagement.

will be speaking at

their staff on social

a rally in a few

media. Share news.

weeks, plan your

Say thank you.

social media post

Share positive

with the right

stories about your

messaging ahead of

nonprofit.

time so it is timely and engaging.

25

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR SHORT ON TIME? LOOKING TO GET PRINTED? TRY A L.T.E.

A Letter to the Editor or an LTE is a letter sent to a newspaper or publication about an issue or concern, typically following the publication of a recent article in the same publication. It is shorter than an op-ed, normally 300 words or less, but LTEs are also published more frequently in newspapers and magazines (normally, every issue of the publication). Letters to the Editor can be used to take a position for or against an issue, to correct an unfair article, headline or angle, or to supply new information to the conversation.

For Example: A nonprofit can have their volunteers write LTE’s in response to a current event or an issue that they care deeply about.

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APPENDIX A

DEFINITIONS Advocacy

Any set of actions that raise awareness, draw public support, or get people involved in a cause or policy with the intention of making a difference.

Constitutional Amendment Proposed constitutional amendments in the general assembly are a tool that allows voters the opportunity to change the PA Constitution. Proposed constitutional amendments must pass both General Assembly chambers (House and Senate) two sessions in a row. The amendment is then put to the voters who can approve or reject the proposed amendment. If a majority of voters approve the amendment it becomes a part of the PA Constitution.

Lobbying

Any action that tries to influence or attempts to influence legislative action, including funding requests .

State Representative

A person elected to represent citizens in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Pennsylvania has 203 state legislators who serve two-year terms. Each state representative represents on average 60,000 people.

State Senator

A person elected to represent citizens in the Pennsylvania State Senate.

Pennsylvania has 50 state senators who serve four-year terms. Each state senator on average represents 260,000 residents.

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APPENDIX B

EXAMPLES OF LOBBYING ACTIVITIES

The Examples

But Why?

MEETING with your legislator and asking them to vote no against a bill that criminalized

Contacting legislators with the goal of opposing specific legislation

abortion access

ASKING your supporters to call their legislators to oppose a bill that will loosen environmental

Advocating for the rejection of a piece of legislation

oversight of the oil and gas industry

ENCOURAGING your supporters to call their Senators to oppose a cabinet nomination

PROVIDING a petition, postcard, or other prepared messages to send to a legislator or government official in order to influence legislation

Contacting legislator with the goal of changing the outcome of matter requiring Congressional approval

Urging supporters to contact elected officials with the purpose of supporting a specific piece of legislation

POSTING an announcement on an nonprofits website that expresses support for a bill that would raise the minimum wage

Expressing support for a specific bill

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APPENDIX C

CASE STUDIES OF LOBBYING & ADVOCACY

Wage Local PA Background: Wage Local PA was a coalition of community organizations that supported a bill to end wage preemption in Pennsylvania and allow municipalities to set their own minimum wage. The coalition reached out to local elected officials to pass resolutions in support of their legislation. Additionally, they held several lobbying days in Harrisburg with elected officials and created a social media toolkit for supporters to reach their legislators. The coalition was able to publish 10 op-eds in local Pennsylvania newspapers calling on elected officials to submit their bill. During a commerce committee meeting in Harrisburg, Wage Local PA submitted written testimony about their bill and why legislators should support it.

Who were they lobbying?

State and local legislators.

What tactics did they use?

Emails and phone calls; testifying in front of the committee; social media; and op-eds.

How is this lobbying?

Wage Local asked elected officials to support a specific piece of legislation.

Additionally, they engaged in grassroots lobbying by having supporters reach out to elected officials.

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APPENDIX C

CASE STUDIES OF LOBBYING & ADVOCACY

Voter registration drive at PA Housing Alliance Background: The Housing Alliance is a statewide coalition working to provide leadership and a common voice for policies, practices, and resources to ensure that all Pennsylvanians, especially those with low incomes, have access to safe, decent and affordable homes. Every election cycle, the housing alliance works with their coalition partners to register voters, educate their constituents on the upcoming election, and help them plan to vote. The Housing alliance sends out weekly emails with important election information, provides materials for voter registration and asks their partners to keep track of how many individuals they registered to vote. Lastly, two weeks before the election, they asked their coalition members to ask participants why they are voting in the elections. The housing alliance then posted photos of the voters to their social media channels leading up to election day.

Is this lobbying or advocacy?

This is advocacy. The Housing Alliance and its partners are working to register voters in a nonpartisan way. Nonprofit organizations are legally allowed to help voters know who and what they are voting for in each election.

What tactics were they using?

Weekly Emails Registering voters Posing on social media

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This guide was created for the Bradbury-Sullivan LGBT Community Center by Bellevue Strategies' Kristina D'Amico and Julie Platt.

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