9788203408519

Quest TEXTBOOK

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Engelsk for barnetrinnet

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Anne Helene Røise Bade Maria Dreyer Pettersen Kumi Tømmerbakke

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BOKMÅL

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Velkommen til

Quest 7

Everyday Practice Små drypp med engelsk hver dag er veldig effektivt.

Everyday Practice egner seg godt til bruk gjennom hele året.

Kapittelstart • Samtalebilde knyttet til temaet • Mål for kapitlet • Spørsmål til samtale • “Bli kjent med kapitlet-quest”

1 What Matters to Me? In this chapter, I will talk about what matters to me in my life. express my opinions. use different sources to find information. read, talk and write about people who have made a difference.

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• • • •

Talk about it!

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a What can you see in the picture? b What does the word “matters” mean? c Name one thing that matters to you in your personal life. d Name one thing that matters to the world. e Look through this chapter and find: • a positive adjective.

• a shortening for bullet journal.

• a famous person who has failed in doing something.

• a word which describes a feeling.

• one way to express your voice.

Gode strategier Before reading

Zits

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Would you like to be a cartoonist?

Give reasons for your answer.

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y gg y y Study the work of other cartoonists you love. Try to get your work out in public somehow, either through a school newspaper or on a website. Fill up sketchbooks. Create characters and stories. Follow your curiosity.

Best, Jim Borgman

After reading A young boy asks Jim Borgman on the Zits homepage how to become a cartoonist.

kviser argue krangle dutiful pliktoppfyllende rude frekk

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Hello. I am thirteen years old and really enjoy reading the Zits comic strip in the Toronto Star. I love to cartoon, and I aspire to be a cartoonist. Can I ask where you got your training to become a professional cartoonist?

Jacob

a Which words best describe the teenager in the house: dutiful, rude, charming, lazy, disrespectful or helpful? b What do parents and teenagers often argue about? c Act out the dialogue.

Talk about it!

Make up a new dialogue between a parent and a teenager.

Act out the scene.

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• Before reading: Førlesing for å stimulere forkunnskaper • After reading: Spørsmål til teksten • Talk about it: Knytter temaet til egen hverdag og åpner for gode samtaler • Gloser: Lesestøtte, blå rader er kjerneord

Systematisk progresjon Quest bygger stein på stein og har en systematisk progresjon.

Temaene og metodene bygger på hverandre fra år til år.

Elevene bruker ordforrådet aktivt gjennom ulike aktiviteter.

Differensiering

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Quest legger vekt på felles opplevelser knyttet til ulike tekster.

Det er noe å gjøre for alle elever i arbeidet med alle tekstene.

Tekstene er merket med ulik vanskegrad. vanskegrad 1 vanskegrad 2 Tekster som består av flere deler, er av og til merket som både rød og gul tekst. Hensikten er å differensiere mengde tekst.

LANGUAGE WORK

BUS STOP

Write-sidene har modelltekster og skriverammer som gir god støtte i skrivearbeidet med ulike typer tekster.

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WRITE

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Quest legger vekt på mye muntlig aktivitet – både lytting og snakking. Talking partners-symbolet viser at oppgaven kan løses sammen med læringspartnere.

På Language Work-sidene er det lærestoff knyttet til grammatikk og språklæring.

Vurdering Quest har ulike oppgaver for refleksjon over egen læring: Learning words, Summing up, kopiark for egenvurdering (Bus stop) og kapittelprøver.

Contents • • • • • •

• • • • • •

English-speaking Countries 37 Four English-speaking Countries 38 People Need People 40 Australia 42 Aussie Wildlife 44 The Rainbow Serpent 46 I Am Australian 48 The First Australians 50 Alphabetical Australian Slang 52 Young Outstanding Australians 53 Baker Boy, a Proud Yolgnu Hip-hop Artist 54 Christmas in the Sun 56 India 58

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What Matters to Me? 13 Me from A-Z 14 How to Bullet Journal 16 What Are You Curious About? 18 Boy on High Dive 20 Subject and Verb Agreement 22 • • Famous Failures 24 • The World Needs Your Voice 24 Write: Reasons or Arguments 30 • • This Matters to Me! 32

• • • • • • • •

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Meet ... 59 Paul and Greg’s Trip to India 60 Bollywood 64 The Most Popular Drink in the World 66 Dinner at Punjab Palace 67 India Meets Pakistan – A Peace Prize for Children 70 Verbs: Simple Past and Past Progressive 74 Jamaica 76 Meet ... 77 Legend 78 Can You Feel the Rhythm? 80 The King and Queen of Track and Field 82 South Africa 84 Meet ... 85 Come to South Africa 86 Write: Paragraphs 88 Apartheid 90 Journey to Jo’burg 92

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Everyday Practice 6 Starting a Conversation 6 Keeping up a Conversation 6 Ending a Conversation 6 Discussion Time 7 Be a Star Reader 8 Write 8 A Calendar of Special Days and Holidays 10 Learning Log 11

• •

3 • • • • • • • • • • •

Game on! 99 Online Rules 100 Feeling or ? 101 My Online Identity 102 Can You Read Games? 103 Punctuation 104 Minecraft – a Popular Game 106 Write: Game review 108 The Fastest Growing Sport in the World 110 Norwegian Game Makers 112 Prefixes and Suffixes 114 Programming 116 Computers Run the World 118 Letters from an Alien Schoolboy 119

• • • • •

Language Work Section (Sounds and Grammar) 228 Irregular Verbs 256 Glossary 259

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5 Tell Us About Tellus 171 I Am the Earth 172 • The Water Cycle 174 • Kids Take Action Magazine 176 • Water, Water, Everywhere 178 • Fresh Water 179 • Rainforest Questions and Answers 180 • What You Can Do 183 • Celebrate Earth Day 184 • Extinct Animals Tell Their Tales 186 • Endangered Species 188 • Help Fight Extinction 190 Speak & Write: Persuasive Texts 192 Reflexive Pronouns 194 Multi-word Verbs 195 • Australia’s Great Barrier Reef 196

• Be a Detective 208 • The Fingerprint 210 • Sherlock Holmes 213 Linking Words 214 • The Lost City of Atlantis 216 • The Bermuda Triangle – the Ship Graveyard 218 • I Thought I Saw a Ghost Last Night 221 • Awful Auntie 222

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• • •

Let’s Read! 125 Zits 126 Fortunately, the Milk 128 Idioms 131 Sentence Structure 132 World’s Largest Camel Herd 134 Robinson Crusoe 136 I Wonder 141 Write: Summary 142 A Titanic Survivor 144 Titanic: The Movie that Touched the World 150 Adjectives and Adverbs 152 When Life Gives You Mangos 154 England’s Most Famous Writer 158 Romeo and Juliet – Two Teenagers in Love 160 Love Story 168

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6 • • • •

Mysteries 199 Optical Illusions 200 Magic Tricks 202 Language Mysteries 204 Write: Story 206

The Final Quest

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Hurry up, Zoom, and clear your head.

The school bell’s ringing, so jump out of bed.

We have a whole year to laugh and play.

Teach us more English – let’s start today!

North Pole, South Pole, east or west, Come with Zoom and join his quest, Learn more English – do your best!

Zoom is thoughtful, he’s feeling blue.

Thinkin’ about the time he spent with you.

Salty teardrops appear in his eyes.

He loves “hellos” but hates “goodbyes”.

Tormod Lien

Everyday Practice Starting a Conversation How are you?

What’s up?

Long time, no see!

I am fine, thank you.

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Keeping up a Conversation

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Hi, I’m Susan.

What’s your name?

Hello, how’s it going?

Did you know that ...?

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Have you heard that ...?

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Pardon, what did you say?

What do you mean?

Sorry, I don’t understand. Could you repeat that, please?

Really? Right. Sure.

Mmm. Uh-huh.

Is it ...?

Did you ...?

Ending a Conversation Nice meeting you!

Bye, see you later!

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Sorry, I have to go.

Talk to you later!

Discussion Time computer games

food the news

holiday destinations

celebrities

sport events songs

movies

I like ... because ...

I dislike ... because ...

Do you agree?

I agree ...

I’m afraid I disagree ...

In my opinion, ...

I really think ...

I don’t think ... because ...

The thing is, ...

To be honest, ...

Actually, ...

The problem is ...

If you ask me, ...

The way I see it, ...

I see what you mean, but ...

What I don’t understand is ...

That’s not always true ...

Can I add something here?

The point I’m trying to make is ...

I think you have a point ...

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Here are some useful phrases you can use.

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animals

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Be a Star Reader Read as much as you can and as often as you can. Use a suitable reading strategy:

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Skim: read fast to find out what the text is about Scan: read fast and find the facts you need quickly Read for pleasure: enjoy an exciting story or a good book Read to learn: check words or phrases you do not understand, write down keywords or write a short summary

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Write

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Brainstorming

What? Where? Who? Which? When? How? Why? Organise your ideas

Use a Venn diagram

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Use a mind map

Organise your text Introduction Main part Ending

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N ext

Write your text Use the Write-pages.

th en

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Who are you writing for?

Who are your readers? Is it your grandmother, a friend or is it an audience with people you do not know very well?

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Two stars and a wish I like that you used the word ...

I am impressed that you know how to ...

I would like to know more about ...

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Feedback

Revise

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Make changes to the text based on the feedback.

Present your text, hand it in or publish it.

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A Calendar of Special Days and Holidays During the year, find out about special days and holidays and give a mini-talk.

February

March

April

1 New Year’s Day 3rd Monday Martin Luther King Day USA 26 Australia Day

6 Waitangi Day New Zealand 6 Sami people’s National Day 14 Valentine’s Day 2nd Sunday Mother’s Day Norway

1 Saint David’s Day 8 International Women’s Day 17 Saint Patrick’s Day

1 April Fools’ Day 22 Earth Day 23 Saint George’s Day

May

June

July

August

1 May Day 2nd Sunday Mother’s Day Canada/USA 17 Norway’s National Day

3rd Sunday Father’s Day UK/USA/ Canada 14 Flag Day USA 24 Midsummer’s Day

1 Canada Day 4 Independence Day USA 30 International Day of Friendship

9 International Day of the World’s Indigenous People

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October

November

December

2nd Monday Columbus Day USA 2nd Monday Thanksgiving Canada 24 United Nations Day 31 Halloween

5 Guy Fawkes Night UK 2nd Sunday Father’s Day Norway 4th Thursday Thanksgiving USA 30 Saint Andrew’s Day

24 Christmas Eve 25 Christmas Day 26 Boxing Day 31 New Year’s Eve

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1st Sunday Father’s Day Australia/New Zealand

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September

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January

Moveable feasts: Pancake Day (Shrove Tuesday), Mother’s Day UK and Easter

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Learning Log A learning log is a kind of diary. You write regularly, at least once a week. It helps you think about the topic, what you have learned and how you might work better in the future.

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You can write about these points: • What was the discussion or lesson about?

• What was one important thing I learned today?

• What helped me to learn in today’s lesson?

• What didn’t I understand in the lesson?

• What did I enjoy/do well in class today?

• How did I work today?

• What can I do better?

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Learning Log

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Keep your learning log in an exercise book or a (digital) folder.

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as about ...

Today’s lesson w rn ...

I learned that ... ... helped me lea g n si u / er n rt a p a / discussing with Thinking about ...

It was difficult to . well.

I enjoyed ... / I .. tly.

OK/well/excellen I think I worked I can improve ...

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1 What Matters to Me? talk about what matters to me in my life. express my opinions. use different sources to find information. read, talk and write about people who have made a difference.

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• • • •

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In this chapter, I will

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Talk about it! a What can you see in the picture? b What does the word “matters” mean? c Name one thing that matters to you in your personal life. d Name one thing that matters to the world. e Look through this chapter and find: • a positive adjective.

• a shortening for bullet journal.

• a famous person who has failed in doing something.

• a word which describes a feeling.

• one way to express your voice.

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Before reading

Me from A-Z

I am ...

A – awesome B – brave C – cool D – dreamy E – enthusiastic F – friendly G – good at ...

H – helpful I – interesting J – joyful K – kind L – loyal M – motivated

N – nice O – optimistic P – positive Q – quite funny R – relaxed S – smiling T – team player U – unique V – very strong W – winning X – eXtra cool Y – Yes, I can!

Z – zappy

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Say two positive things about your partner. It can be about both personality and looks.

awesome imponerende brave modig team player lagspiller valuable verdifull zappy energisk, livlig

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After reading

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How did it feel to hear your partner say something nice about you?

Which of the words describe you?

Think of more positive words that begin with the different letters.

What does being a team player mean?

Which of the words are similar to Norwegian or other languages you know?

Which of the words are not adjectives?

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Look at the picture and text. What do you think a bullet journal is? simple enkelt complicated vanskelig create lag decorate pynte tick off krysse av track your habit få oversikt over vaner brush markers tusj som dekker mye highlighters markeringstusj washi tape tape med farger og mønstre

Bullet journals are used to plan your day or your week, to make to-do lists and to reflect on things you read or hear, or your feelings and reactions.

A bullet journal can be as simple or complicated as you want it to be. Create a bullet journal that works for you and your life.

The most important thing is to get started. It is meant to be easy and quick to do. If you don’t have much time, you don’t need to decorate your journal. Just write! On the other hand, if you do like drawing and decorating, you can add all the decorative elements you like.

You can do bullet journal writing in many ways. You can write down: • what has happened that day or week.

• your plans for the future.

• your day – as a diary entry.

• what you need to do, and tick off each thing when it’s done, as a checklist.

• fun things to do.

• your goals (eat vegetables, go for a walk, practise playing an instrument, saving money).

You can: • use it as a calendar and plan your month or day.

• track your habits.

• make a happy list.

• note something important you learned today.

• do whatever you want ř.

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What you need to BuJo: • a notebook • a pen • a pencil

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stickers klistremerker

How to Bullet Journal

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Before reading

If you want: • ruler • rubber/eraser • brush markers • fineliners (pens with a fine tip) • highlighters • washi tape • stickers

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So, no need to wait!

Start your BuJo writing today!

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What do you think is good about BuJo writing? In my opinion it is good, because ...

What do you think is bad about BuJo writing? I think it is bad, because ...

If you wanted a friend to try BuJo writing, what would you say to convince him/her?

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After reading

Talk about it! a Why do you think BuJo writing has become so popular? The reason could be that ... b Do you know of other ways to organise your ideas?

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professions yrker

Before reading

paying attention følge med

What do you like doing in your spare time?

curious nysgjerrig tutorials veiledninger engineer ingeniør developer utvikler

What Are You Curious About?

You can learn a lot about yourself by paying attention to what you are curious about. We have asked four children what they are curious about.

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My favourite subject in school is arts and crafts. I do a lot of painting and drawing in my spare time, too.

I watch tutorials on my tablet and spend hours learning different techniques. Once a week I attend a course where I learn how to become better at drawing. So you can say that art is my biggest hobby. Maybe I can become an artist? Or maybe I will be an architect or an interior designer?

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I like mathematics and coding. I really like playing video games! I often wonder how much coding is needed for just one game. We have had coding in school and I really liked it. One time we had to make small robots move and another time we had to make a game. We used a really good app. Imagine working with and making video games! Or programme machines to do something special.

Maybe I will become a computer system engineer or a web developer?

I also love playing the guitar, so perhaps I will become a musician?

I am interested in building different things.

When I was younger, I had a huge box of LEGO. I followed LEGO instructions but I also made up my own constructions. I have always helped my grandfather with carpentry. Last summer, we built two new stairways outdoors and an outdoor shower at our cabin. When I grow up, I want to have a job that allows me to build things and use my hands.

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My biggest dream is to become a vet because I like taking care of animals. I live on a farm and we have many different animals, but mostly sheep. It is important to my family that our animals have good lives. We also have two horses, a dog and three cats. In addition, I like different kinds of sports and would also like to work as a sports journalist or a trainer. Time will tell ... constructions konstruksjoner carpentry snekring vet dyrlege

After reading a b c d

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Brainstorm how many jobs and professions you know. Make a list or a mind map.

What do you want to become when you grow up?

Do you think any of your interests will be an important part of your job in the future?

Find words in the text that are almost the same in other languages you know.

Talk about it!

Ask a grown-up what they wanted to become when they were your age.

Did their wish come true? If not, why?

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Before reading Look at the painting. Describe to a partner what you see.

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Boy on High Dive

Boy On High Dive, by Norman Rockwell (1894–1978). The painting appeared on the cover of The Saturday Evening Post on August 16, 1947.

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After reading

self-confidence selvtillit

a What do you think the boy is thinking? Work in pairs or in small groups and make thought bubbles. Share in class. b How would you give the boy enough self-confidence to jump?

What would you say? What arguments would you use? c You think it is a bad idea for the boy to jump. How would you persuade him NOT to jump without feeling embarrassed?

persuade overbevise embarrassed flau

Talk about it!

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a Who is the bravest – the boy who decides to jump or the boy who says this is not for him and doesn’t jump? Look at the word cloud and discuss with a partner. b How can we “read” a picture? Brainstorm ideas. c What does “to be brave” mean? Explain, and give an example.

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fearful terrified

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anxious

confident

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happy alarmed shaken afraid

scary frozen

brave panic frightening

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Subject and Verb Agreement How do we find the subject and the verb in a sentence?

First, find the verb: What is the action / what happens in this sentence?

LANGUAGE WORK

Then, find the subject: Who likes? Who travels? Who is walking?

The answer tells you what the subject is.

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My parents travel a lot. s

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Kabir is walking his dogs. s

v

The dogs are walking Kabir. s

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Mark wrote a new song.

His friends listened to it. v

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Sheila likes ice cream.

TASK First find the verb and then the subject in these sentences: John studies hard for the test.

We live in London.

EnglishClub is a website.

Bobby and Linda are waiting for their mum.

Ramona walks to school every day.

Chuck and Sam were playing Minecraft.

My cousins went to the zoo.

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plural

I play

we play

you play

you play

he/she/it plays

they play

TASK

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If the subject is singular, the verb must be singular too.

If the subject is plural, the verb must be plural too.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

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What is the correct agreement between subject and verb? Explain why.

I play/plays football.

My sister are singing / is singing in the shower.

My dad wash/washes his car.

Naim and Peter go/goes to the club.

All the students in class are/is very smart.

Our teacher has made / have made a mistake.

She and her daughter was walking / were walking to school together.

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Before reading

Famous Failures All people fail sometimes, even famous people. Famous people have often failed many times before they succeeded. The fear of failure often makes people, young or old, avoid trying new things or taking on a challenge. If you do not fear failure, you are one step closer to success!

Read about these two famous people who failed on their way to success.

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Name one thing you have succeeded in doing, though you struggled to make it.

J.K. Rowling

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J.K. Rowling is a British author and screenwriter best known for her Harry Potter series.

She has sold millions of copies of her books.

Rowling was born Joanne Rowling 31 July 1965 in Yate, England. She studied at the University of Exeter. Her first marriage ended in divorce. She had a daughter and because she struggled to support herself and her daughter on welfare, she started writing the first Harry Potter book. The idea for the book came to her while on a train from Manchester to London.

J.K. Rowling tried to publish her book but was rejected twelve times. She almost gave up, but then she finally met a publisher who wanted to publish her novel. It hit the shelves in 1997. The huge response to Rowling’s books really took off in July 2000. The rest is history. She has become the first billionaire author and is the UK’s bestselling living author.

succeeded lyktes

taking on a challenge ta en utfordring

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fear of failure frykt for å gjøre feil screenwriter manusforfatter divorce skilsmisse struggled strevde support her: forsørge welfare trygd rejected avvist publisher forlegger publish gi ut hit the shelves her: kom i salg i butikken huge enorm

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Quote: “Anything is possible if you’ve got enough nerve.”

Thomas Edison

After reading

What is J.K. Rowling famous for?

Why did J.K. Rowling struggle?

What is Thomas Edison famous for?

What were Thomas Edison’s struggles?

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Thomas Edison is perhaps one of the greatest inventors in history. There are 1093 patents in his name. Many of his inventions are still in use in our daily lives.

Thomas Edison was born in Ohio, USA, 11 February 1847.

Surprisingly, Thomas did not do well in school, and only lasted three months! His mother, who was a teacher, taught him at home. When he was 12 years old, he convinced his parents to let him sell newspapers to passengers on trains. He also started to write articles and sold his own small newspaper. At the age of 15, he became a telegraph operator and became interested in communications. He started a research lab and had many people working for him and helping him with his inventions.

Thomas Edison is most famous for the invention of the first practical electric light bulb that could be used in homes.

Other inventions are the electric light system, the phonograph (a machine that records and replays sounds) and motion pictures (movies). Sometimes it took thousands of attempts to perfect an experiment, but he never gave up.

Edison died 18 October 1931 at the age of 84.

inventors oppfinnere surprisingly utrolig nok did not do well gjorde det ikke så bra convinced overtalte research lab forskningslaboratorium light bulb lyspære records tar opp replays spiller av attempts forsøk

Quote: “I have not failed.

I’ve just found 10 000 ways that won’t work.”

Talk about it! a What would you say to a friend who is about to try something new but is afraid of failing? b What would you say to a friend who has tried something but failed? c Have you ever tried something new and failed? What did you do?

Have you ever tried to do it again? d How do you feel when you succeed in doing something?

Can you learn anything from your struggles?

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Before reading

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What do you do if you want somebody to listen to you?

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poetry poesi express uttrykke opinions meninger convincing overbevisende banners bannere, faner

Say something with words

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moods humør

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I like to write essays to express my opinions. I come up with arguments I think are convincing and which show how I feel or think about a topic. I have also tried to write poems but that is a bit more difficult. You can also express your opinions by making banners, posters or flyers.

Say something with your art When I feel I have to express something I like to paint pictures.

I use different colours for different moods or feelings. I use acrylic or watercolour painting.

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concerned bekymret environment miljøet courage mot dare to tørre turn on me vende seg mot meg

Say something with music I am in a band, and I express myself through singing. My band is really concerned about the environment, and we have made two songs on that topic. I think music is a good way to get people to listen to how I feel.

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came to our rescue reddet oss

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Say something with your courage

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Wo r k bo o k 0 :0 — 0 : 0

Some girls in school bullied my friend. In the beginning I didn’t dare say anything because I was afraid they would turn on me. But then I saw the look on my friend’s face and I just said, “Stop!” A teacher heard me and came to our rescue.

It felt good to do something right.

Say something with your presence

was sitting by myself satt for meg selv came by gikk forbi solve løse

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One time I felt really sad. I was sitting by myself in the schoolyard when one of my friends came by. She didn’t say anything. She just sat down next to me. We sat there for a while and it felt good.

presence tilstedeværelse

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a How do the children use their voices through ... ... words ... art ... music ... their presence b How do you prefer to use your voice?

Talk about it! a b c d e

What is important to you?

What/who do you fight for?

What do you want the world to be like?

How can you make the world a better place?

What problems do you see, and how can you help solve them?

Quote: “Maybe I can only do small things.

But my small things might join small things other people do.

And together, they could grow into something big.”

Pat Zietlow Miller

I hope ...

I believe ...

I wish ...

I imagine ...

Wor k book 1:20 — 1:22

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Reasons or Arguments WRITE

If you want to convince someone that you are right about something, you have to give them reasons or arguments why they should listen to you.

NEED A BREAK

FUN LEARN NEW GAMES

LONGER BREAKS AT SCHOOL

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How to give reasons: 1 Choose a statement.

2 Make a mind map or list with your arguments.

3 Choose some of your arguments.

4 Support your arguments with facts (statements you can prove). Remember sources!

5 Does your language fit who you are writing to: first graders, tweenagers, teens, parents, all ages?

6 Make a short ending.

7 Sources: Write the sources you have used.

BE WITH FRIENDS

TASK

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RELAXING

TIME TO EAT A SNACK

Choose one or more statements and give reasons or arguments.

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We should have longer school days and no homework.

We should have no homework.

We should have longer breaks.

We should use mobile phones in school.

Children can make a big difference to the environment.

Children can make a big difference in their community.

Children should be able to play computer games whenever they want.

Children should decide when to go to bed at night.

Individual work is easier than group work.

Everyone should do 60 minutes of physical activity every day.

Parents should know their children’s passwords.

A statement of your choice.

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• • • • • • • • • • • •

HEALTHY

FOCUS BETTER IN CLASS

My opinion on why children should have longer breaks at school I think children my age should have longer breaks at school and I will explain why.

Introduction

Breaks at school give children time to be with their friends.

We can talk, play games and even learn new games. It is fun to be with friends at school. We can also make new friends.

Arguments

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Children need a break. Very often, we just sit still during the periods. We need the activity we get. We will have time to eat a snack if we are hungry or go to the toilet if we need to. The breaks make us focus better in class. In my opinion, even five more minutes will help. It will give us the extra time we need.

Support your arguments with facts

The way I see it, this is why children should have longer breaks at school.

Ending

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In an article published by Recess Guardians, experts say that longer breaks at school are really important for our health, developing skills and a social life. The experts also say that children learn better and focus better in class when they have longer breaks.

Source: https://www.recessguardians.org/post/design-astunning-blog

Sources

Two stars and a wish I like your text because ...

I like ... because ...

I think you should ..., because ...

31

Before reading What will you do to make a difference?

This Matters to Me! Meet three children who have found something that really matters to them. They use their voices in different ways to say something. The interviews are made up based on information from different sources.

petition underskriftskampanje

Daliah Lee

offensive fornærmende

Reporter: I am here with Daliah Lee from Canberra, Australia, who started a petition two years ago, at the age of 8. Why? Daliah: Well, I noticed that the cereal boxes from Kellogg’s Nutri-Grain only had boys on the boxes! The boys were doing amazing things like surfing on the biggest waves or skateboarding upside down.

Reporter: What was your reaction to that?

Daliah: Girls can do amazing things as well as boys! We don’t have to think that one is better than the other. It is offensive to girls who can do extraordinary things too. We are all equal, and we can all do special things.

Reporter: So, how did you feel?

Daliah: I was upset. I care because it was not fair, and I wanted to try to change it. I thought that Kellogg’s should change their boxes because women and men are equal.

They could change it by taking pictures of amazing things that both women and men were doing for the world.

Reporter: What did you do?

Daliah: Well, I wrote a letter to Kellogg’s to get them to change it. They responded but said nothing about the problem. That’s why I made the petition to get people to help me change it.

equal likestilte responded svarte statement uttalelse declared kunngjorde

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gender kjønn

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noticed la merke til

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Reporter: That was a good idea and people helped you indeed.

I know that a few months later, Kellogg’s responded with a statement to your petition and declared that they would update their packaging.

Daliah: Yes, they said that they would put images of both females and males on their boxes to inspire all Aussies no matter their gender.

Reporter: Well done, Daliah! I am sure you have inspired many of us to use our voices.

Bana al-Abed

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Reporter: Bana, I have seen what you have written on Twitter and it has really moved me.

Bana: Thank you!

Reporter: You started tweeting when you were seven years old, and you have documented your life in war-torn Syria.

Bana: Yes. I first started tweeting about peace. Later, I talked about what life was like in Aleppo, Syria.

Reporter: Who manages your account?

Bana: My mum does. She is actually a global peace activist herself. She also helps me with my English.

Reporter: The world has noticed your tweets and you have been said to be one of the most influential people on the Internet. I also know that you have written a book.

Bana: That is true. I have written on a book called Dear World.

I share my experiences about what happened in Syria and how my family has rebuilt our lives as refugees. I hope my book will make the world do something for the children and people of Syria and bring peace to children all over the world who are living in war-torn areas.

Reporter: You are a strong voice, Bana, and I know that you have called upon world leaders to take action. I really hope the world will listen to you!

Bana: Thank you!

war-torn krigsherjede manages styrer influential innflytelsesrike experiences erfaringer rebuilt startet på nytt refugees flyktninger war-torn krigsherjede called upon tilkalt

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founder grunnlegger

receiver mottaker awards priser distribute dele ut homeless hjemløse

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youth council ungdomsråd

community samfunn

expanded utvidet seg orphans foreldreløse

survivors overlevende supplies forsyninger monetary donations pengedonasjoner former tidligere acknowledged anerkjente, la merke til honour ære well deserved vel fortjent

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Jahkil Naeem Jackson Reporter: We are here today with Jahkil Naeem Jackson. You are the founder of “Project I am”, ambassador for HeartLand Alliance, a member of the WE international youth council, only to mention some of your achievements, and you are also the receiver of multiple awards.

Jahkil: Thank you!

Reporter: You started your work at the age of 8. What happened?

Jahkil: I started helping my aunt to distribute food to the Chicago homeless, and soon after I just knew that I wanted

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to do more to make a difference. Before that, my parents and I had always given the homeless people we passed on the streets some money.

Reporter: So what did you do?

Jahkil: I started a project called “Project I am”. I created “Blessing Bags,” bags filled with snacks, toiletries, a towel and socks, and began to distribute them to the homeless people in my community.

Reporter: Not only have you given “Blessing Bags” to the homeless people in your community. I know that your organization has expanded over the years, and you have also given bags to orphans, volcano victims in Guatemala, hurricane survivors other places in the USA and during the Covid-19 pandemic, “Blessing Bags” were given to homeless people in over 70 cities in the country. You have some help to do this, I hope?

Jahkil: Oh yes! I try to get other children around the country to get involved in their communities. I have also asked the public to help with supplies and monetary donations.

Reporter: I know something big happened to you in 2017?

Jahkil: Yeah ... Former President Obama and the Obama Foundation acknowledged our work. That was a huge honour.

Reporter: Well deserved! I hope many people will visit your homepage and read more about you and your work. I know you have a lot to do with many more projects.

Jahkil: Thank you, and remember: It is not your age that matters – it is your drive to make a difference!

After reading a Choose one of these three children and tell a partner about this person. b How does the child you chose to read about use his/her voice? c What are the children’s goals?

BUS STOP

Talk about it!

Have you heard of other children who have used their voices?

What did they do?

Wor k book 1:23 — 1:26

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Jamaica

South Africa

India

2 English-speaking Countries se m pl ar

In this chapter, I will

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Australia

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• learn about English-speaking countries from four different continents.

• read, talk and write about animals, people and cultures that are typical for these countries.

• compare the way of life and traditions of the English-speaking world with my own life.

• explore the differences in language between the countries and why they speak English.

Talk about it! a Which countries are north of the Equator? b Which countries are south of the Equator? c Which continents are Australia, India, Jamaica and South Africa on? d Look through this chapter and find: • an Australian animal that carries its young in a pouch.

• a Jamaican legend.

• three Nobel Peace Prize winners.

Wor k book 2 :1 — 2 : 2

37

Before reading

Four English-speaking Countries Citizens of Australia, India, Jamaica and South Africa are members of the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth consists of 54 countries which support each other and work together.

These countries were once part of the British Empire. With 2.4 billion people, the Commonwealth has almost 1/3 of the world’s population. They are English-speaking countries because they used to be British colonies.

se m pl ar

Name something the flags have in common.

What is different about the flags?

Australia

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Capital city: Canberra Population: about 25.4 million (2020) Languages: English, Aboriginal languages National Day: 26 January (Australia Day) Currency: Australian dollar

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Jamaica Capital city: Kingston Population: about 2.9 million (2020) Languages: English National Day: 6 August Currency: Jamaican dollar

India

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Capital city: New Delhi Population: about 1.4 billion (2020) Languages: Hindi and English are two of 22 official languages National Day: 26 January Currency: Indian rupee

South Africa

a b c d

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After reading

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Capital cities: Pretoria, Cape Town and Bloemfontein Population: about 59.3 million (2020) Languages: 11 official languages. The most commonly used are English and isiZulu.

National Day: 27 April Currency: Rand

Which country has more than one capital city?

Which countries have many official languages?

Which country has the British flag as part of its flag?

A saltire is a flag on which the cross is diagonal.

Which of the flags is a saltire? e What is the difference in size between the countries with the largest and the smallest populations?

Commonwealth Samveldet citizen borger support støtte empire rike billion milliard capital city hovedstad

Talk about it!

population befolkning

a Which national animal would you suggest for each country? b Which country would you like to visit? Why?

language språk currency valuta

Wor k book 2 :3 — 2 : 8

39

Before reading

People Need People To walk to To talk to To cry and rely on, people will always need people.

To love and to miss To hug and to kiss, It’s useful to have other people.

To whom will you moan If you’re all alone, It’s so hard to share When no one is there, There’s not much to do When there’s no one but you, People will always need people.

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What do most people in the world have in common?

rely on stole på useful nyttig

please glede tease erte

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put at ease berolige appealing fristende posses grupper packs flokker face the facts akseptere

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in common til felles

To please To tease To put you at ease, People will always need people.

To make life appealing And give life some meaning It’s useful to have other people.

If you need a change To whom will you turn, If you need a lesson From whom will you learn, If you need to play You’ll know why I say People will always need people.

rd er in gs Vu

After reading

Benjamin Zephaniah is a poet from Birmingham, England. His parents came from Jamaica and Barbados. He didn’t do well at school because he had dyslexia. He says that his poetry is strongly influenced by the music and poetry of Jamaica. He has written both children’s literature and literature for adults, and he has recorded several albums.

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Benjamin Zephaniah

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As girlfriends As boyfriends, From Bombay to Ostend, People will always need people.

To have friendly fights with And share tasty bites with, It’s useful to have other people.

People live in families Gangs, posses and packs, It seems we need company Before we relax, So stop making enemies And let’s face the facts, People will always need people Yes, People will always need people.

a Work in pairs and read the poem. Read one line each. Read the lines “people need people” together. b Zephaniah often reads his poems like a rapper. Try reading the poem as a rap, either by clapping the rhythm or with a partner beatboxing.

Talk about it! a Which things listed in the poem do you need the most? b Can you think of other reasons why people need people? c Do you think this poem is written for children or grown-ups?

Give reasons for your answer.

Wor k book 2 :9 — 2 : 1 0

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Before reading

Australia

rd er in gs

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What do you know about Australia?

Make a mind map.

Vu

Quote: “Every single one of us matters. Our stories, our voices, matter. With love and respect, we have the power to shape the future and make Australia a place where we’re all proud, where we all belong and where we stand united.”

every single one of us hver enkelt av oss matters betyr noe future framtid proud stolt belong hører til stand united står samlet

42

Baker Boy, hip-hop artist and Young Australian of the Year 2019

Talk about it! a Look at the map and find the capital city and three other cities in different parts of the country. What have you heard about these cities? Tell your partner three fascinating facts about the country. b What can people do to make Baker Boy’s quote come true at school?

Before reading

abroad utlandet

When was the last time you talked to someone from abroad?

What did you talk about?

The Bush tynt befolket område The Outback ødemarka communicate kommunisere strive streve

Meet ...

wallabies liten kenguruart

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Jamie Hi, I’m Jamie.

I come from the Northern Territory. Most people call where I live “The Bush” or “The Outback”. We kids don’t go to an ordinary school, we belong to a School of the Air. We communicate with our teachers and classmates by radio and on the internet. Once a year, all of my friends and I go to a classroom in the nearest town for one week. I always look forward to meeting my schoolmates again!

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Bindi Hello, Bindi, a proud member of the Yuin nation here.

I am one of 30 Aboriginal students at Bermagui School in Sydney. Our school motto is Respect Strive Learn.

At our school all the students have weekly classes in the Dhurgi language, as well as English, of course. I love the lessons in Aboriginal language. They give me a connection to the people who were here a long time ago. My favourite word is ‘badhaalimawaraga’, which means wallabies.

Talk about it! a b c d

What do you think Jamie and his friends do during the week they meet up?

How do you think School of the Air is different from school in an ordinary classroom?

Give reasons why you think the Bermagui School motto is a good one.

How else can we connect to people in the past?

43

Before reading Which Australian animals can you name? scientists forskere species arter mammals pattedyr border grense amazing forbløffende wildlife dyreliv

Aussie Wildlife Scientists have described more than two million species, but people think there could be between 5 and 100 million species on Earth.

More than 80% of Australian mammals, reptiles and frogs can only be found in Australia. Australia has strict border controls so that they can protect their special wildlife.

Learn more about unusual animals that are typical for Australia.

habitat naturlig miljø, habitat pouch pung thump dunke

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unusual uvanlig

Aussie Animals Cards Collect and discover Australia’s amazing wildlife!

Habitat: Eastern Australia

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Habitat: Desert

• They weigh between 18 to 90 kilograms.

• They live in big groups.

• A baby kangaroo (called a joey) stays in its mother’s pouch for 5–6 months.

• They stand upright except when eating.

• They eat grass and plants.

• They thump the ground with their feet to warn of danger.

44

• They are not bears. They like to live alone.

• They are grey, with thick fur and fluffy ears.

• The koala joey stays in its mother’s pouch for 6 months.

• They eat only eucalyptus leaves.

• They spend 80 % of their time sleeping.

Habitat: Freshwater lakes and rivers

• They are usually bright orange with three white stripes.

• All clownfish are born male, but some change into a female later in life.

• The female can lay thousands of eggs at one time.

The eggs hatch just a week later.

• They eat both plants and animals.

• They live near sea anemones for protection.

• Their heads and bodies grow to about 38 centimetres and their tails to about 13 centimetres.

• Their fur is thick and is waterproof to keep them warm and dry in the water.

• They are mammals, but the females lay 2–3 eggs.

• They eat crayfish, shrimps, insect larvae, worms and small animals they find at the bottom of the streams and rivers.

• The male is one of the few venomous mammals in the world.

• They are the earliest relatives of modern mammals.

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Habitat: Reef

a What other unusual Australian animals do you know about? b Take turns at describing unusual animals. Guess each other’s animals.

male hankjønn female hunkjønn protection beskyttelse reef rev platypus nebbdyr mammals pattedyr crayfish kreps shrimps reker venomous giftig relatives slektninger

Media

by Auspac tributed is d t e n ophe Gra © Christ

Wor k book 2 :11 — 2 : 1 2

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Before reading Which stories do you know about how the world was created?

The Rainbow Serpent ... in 30 seconds

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During a time long ago, called the Dreamtime, the rainbow turned into a serpent and slithered down to Earth. After a while, he reached a campfire.

The people made him welcome, and he taught them how to dance and sing.

One day, a huge storm blew up. Two boys ran into the serpent’s hut looking for shelter, but the serpent was hungry and swallowed them whole.

Next day, he secretly left the village. When people found that the boys were missing, they gave chase.

They found the serpent fast asleep, coiled around a mountain. Silently, they crept closer and cut a slit in his side. But the two boys had turned into parrots and they flew away.

Then the Rainbow Serpent woke up. Furious to find a gash in his side, he coiled tighter and tighter, until the mountain shattered and rocks fell across the countryside. A storm raged across the sky and rain poured down. Then he slithered off underground, leaving hills, lakes and rivers behind.

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Dreamtime

3-second sum-up

The Rainbow Serpent came to Earth, creating hills, rivers lakes and rain.

In Aboriginal belief, all the features of the Earth are sacred. They were created by the ancestor spirits long ago, in a time called the Dreamtime. The ancestor spirits travelled across Australia, some as humans, some as animals, shaping the landscape as they went.

After reading a Which natural elements can you find in the myth? b What happens to the two boys in the myth? c What caused hills, lakes and rivers in the myth?

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Wo r k bo o k 2 :1 3 — 2 : 14

A rainbow turned into a serpent. It slithered down to earth

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The villagers cut open the serpent

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It ate two boys

The serpent was furious and caused a huge storm

It created hills, rivers and lakes as it slithered away

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Before reading

I came from the dreamtime From the dusty red soil plains I am the ancient heart The keeper of the flames I stood upon the rocky shore I watched the tall ships come For forty thousand years I’ve been the first Australian

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Look up the words dreamtime, convict and settler in the glossary.

What do they tell you about the people of Australia?

I Am Australian Ɖ

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I came upon the prison ships Bound down by iron chains I cured the land Endured the lash And waited for the rains I’m a settler I’m a farmer’s wife On a dry and barren run A convict and a free man I became Australian

Uluru is a mountain which is sacred to the Aboriginal people in the area. Can you find it on a map?

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Chorus: We are one But we are many And from all the lands on earth we come We’ll share a dream And sing with one voice I am, you are, we are Australian

dreamtime mytisk fortid i australsk urfolkstro soil jord plains sletter ancient eldgammel keeper vokter shore strand bound down bundet med

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(Chorus x 2)

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I’m the hot wind from the desert I’m the black soil of the plain I’m the mountains and the valleys I’m the drowned and flooding rains I am the rock I am the sky The rivers when they run The spirit of this great land I am Australian

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Bruce Woodley, Dobe Newton

Wor k book 2 :15 — 2 : 1 9

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The First Australians

Before reading Who were the first Australians?

beliefs tro indigenous people urbefolkning hunter-gatherers jegere og samlere

The first people in Australia were the Aboriginal people. The name comes from Latin “ab origine” which means “from the beginning”. People think that they arrived in Australia at least 40 000 years ago, maybe even 100 000 years ago.

The Aboriginal or First Nations people lived in about 500 culture groups which had the same religious beliefs, but different traditions and languages.

environment miljø

The Dreamtime

contains rommer

Like other indigenous people, the Aboriginal people were huntergatherers who loved and respected the land. They took only what they needed from the earth and took care of the environment. They used the boomerang and spears both for hunting and warfare.

The Dreamtime describes Aboriginal spiritual identity and contains important knowledge about life and the world. It tells of the ancestors’ spirits, who created the land, its animals, plants and waterways. This is why land and water are sacred even today.

Storytelling, dancing, painting and ceremonies are important parts of Aboriginal culture. The didgeridoo is an aboriginal instrument which is still used today.

ancestors forfedre sacred hellig badly treated dårlig behandlet abroad utlandet diseases sykdommer apologised ba om unnskyldning

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Europeans Arrive

The Aboriginal people were treated badly by the settlers from abroad. Many were killed or died from new diseases. Until 1969 the Australian government took Aboriginal children away from their families and placed them in white families. In 2008 the Australian government apologised for its past treatment of the First Nations people.

Many words from the various Aboriginal languages are used in English today: boomerang, didgeridoo, kangaroo, koala, kookaburra, wallaby, wombat, dingo and budgerigar. There are also place names such as Coober Pedy which means boys’ watering hole in English. It is the opal capital of the world.

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Aboriginal man playing on a didgeridoo, which is a wind instrument.

After reading a What does the word “ab origine” mean? b Describe the Aboriginal people’s traditional way of life. c Which Aboriginal names in the last paragraph are the same in Norwegian?

Talk about it! a Choose three facts you find interesting. Tell them to your partner. b What do you think about what happened to the Aboriginal people when the settlers came?

Wor k book 2 :20 — 2 : 2 3

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Alphabetical Australian Slang apples

okay

barbie

barbeque

chin wag

chat

clobber

clothes

fair dinkum

genuine

dunny

toilet

flog G’day kip mozzies

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A rough-coated, dough-faced, thoughtful ploughman strode through the outback.

to sell hello

sleep

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nick

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Do you know any Australian words and phrases? Share them in class.

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Before reading

mosquitoes

steal

ooroo

goodbye

pinch

steal

ripper

good

Sheila

woman

stinker

boiling hot day

tucker

food

yarn

story

Talk about it! a How would you greet someone and ask them to a barbeque in Australian slang? b Which Australian slang words have you heard before? c Which Australian slang words do you like the best?

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Wo r k bo o k 2 :2 4 — 2 : 26

Young Outstanding Australians In this text and the next one you can read about two young Australians who have achieved extraordinary things.

Jacqueline Freney, an excellent young swimmer

Can you name any famous Australians?

Why are they famous?

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Jacqueline Freney at the London 2012 Paralympic Games.

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Paralympic swimming champion, Jacqueline Freney was voted Young Australian of the Year in 2014 because of her achievement in the 2012 Paralympic Games in London. She won the gold medal in every event she entered.

Like many Australians, Jacqueline has swum since she was a small child. She was born with cerebral palsy and found that swimming was easier than walking.

Her goal was to represent Australia, but injuries and operations made it difficult.

She never gave up, and became part of the Australian national team at the age of fourteen. Her amazing performance at the London Paralympics showed what a fighter she is.

When she is not swimming and winning medals, Jacqueline promotes the benefits of sports for people living with a disability.

Before reading

outstanding fremragende achievement bragd event øvelse

Afte r reading

cerebral palsy cerebral parese

a How did Jacqueline show that she was a fighter? b Why was Jacqueline Freney chosen as Young Australian of the Year?

injuries skader performance prestasjon promotes fremmer benefits fordeler disability funksjonsnedsettelse

Wor k book 2 :27 — 2 : 2 8

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Baker Boy, a Proud Yolgnu Hip-hop Artist

Before reading Do you admire any musical artists who have a positive message? Tell your partner about them.

Meet Baker Boy, a young successful musician who is proud to share his culture and traditions with his audience.

admire beundre

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Interviewer: You are known as Baker Boy, but what is your real name?

Baker Boy: My last name is actually Baker. You can say that I have kept my original name. My first name is Danzal.

Interviewer: Tell us about your early years.

Baker Boy: I was born on Milimgimbi Island, just east of Darwin.

You can hear my childhood in my lyrics. I rap about fresh coconuts, mango trees and sea breezes.

Interviewer: You were a very active young person, I believe.

Baker Boy: I’m an island boy. I’m used to spearing fish and going hunting. I was also a member of the dance troupe, Djuki Mala with members of my family before I went into the music business.

Interviewer: How would you describe yourself offstage and onstage?

Baker Boy: Danzal is a quiet, humble kid who loves to talk to people. Onstage I am Baker Boy, crazy on the mic, confident and proud, dancing with a lot of energy. I show my power and if I make a strong connection with people, they’ll feel it.

Interviewer: You’re an unusual artist because you rap both in your first language, Yolgnu Matha and English. Explain the difference to us, please.

Baker Boy: Rapping in Yolgnu Matha is totally different. It changes the beat and the pronunciation. There are different sounds which create a different flow. It’s easier for me to write songs in my first language than in English.

Interviewer: You received a great honour, Young Australian of the Year for 2019. What was your message to young people?

audience publikum

early years barndommen dance troupe dansegruppe offstage utenfor scenen humble ydmyk confident selvsikker connection forbindelse unusual uvanlig pronunciation uttale flow flyt

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After reading

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Baker Boy: It’s important that no matter what your struggles are or how much pressure society puts on you, to stay strong, stay healthy, stay positive and you will make it.

struggles utfordringer pressure press society samfunnet performs opptrer topics temaer

a Describe Danzal Baker’s childhood. b What is Baker Boy like in real life? What is he like when he performs? c What makes Baker Boy different from many hip-hop artists?

Talk about it! a Why do you think that Baker Boy was a good choice for Young Australian of the Year? b If there was an award for Young Norwegian of the Year, who do you think should get it, and why? c What topics would you rap about if you were a musician?

Wor k book 2 :29 — 2 : 3 0

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Before reading Seasons in Australia are the opposite of ours. Which season do you think it is in this photograph?

Christmas in the Sun Singing carols by the sea Eating turkey on the sands Paper hats, mince pies, and crackers This is Christmas in hot lands.

Candlelight in cooler evenings Christmas dinner out of doors Summer flowers as decorations Carnivals for Santa Claus.

carols julesanger turkey kalkun

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mince pie liten pai med hakket, tørket frukt crackers smellbonbon candlelight levende lys

Santa Claus may have his reindeer And he still might come by sleigh But he has been seen on surfboard Skimming over warm sea spray.

decorations pynt skimming gli lett over spray sjøsprut

fireworks fyrverkeri

season tid på året afar langt borte celebration feiring

Children from these warmer countries Never see a flake of snow But the flickering lights of fireworks Set their Christmas night aglow.

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For this season for all people Whether near or from afar Is a time of celebration Remembering a special star.

Brenda Williams

After reading a What are Christmas traditions in English-speaking countries? b How is Christmas different for children in warmer countries? c What is the same for people who celebrate Christmas wherever they are?

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se m pl ar ek rd er in gs Vu Talk about it! a What is your favourite celebration?

Which traditions do you enjoy the most? b What would it be like to celebrate your favourite celebration in a different country?

Wor k book 2 :31 — 2 : 3 3

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India

Before reading

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What do you know about India? Make a mind map.

Quote: “A nation’s culture resides in the hearts and in the soul of its people.”

Mahatma Gandhi, lawyer and social activist

resides ligger i soul sjel

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Talk about it! a Look at the map and find the capital city and three other cities in different parts of the country. Talk about what is typical for the country. b A country’s culture can include religion, history, animals, food or sport. How do you think culture can live in people?

Meet ...

Before reading

ancestors forfedre protection beskyttelse spoil skjemmer bort

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Priti My family are Indian, but my ancestors are from Nepal.

Animals are given a special place in the way Nepalese people celebrate the festival of Diwali. My favourite day is Kukar Tihur which is the day when we give thanks to our dogs for their love and protection. We really spoil our dog Bolly then. When we take her for a walk, she sees all the other dogs on the street dressed the same way, wearing a garland and a teeka.

Which Norwegian animals would you choose to talk about to someone who has never been to Norway, and why?

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enclosure inngjerding

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Tarak In India we actually have animals called tigons which are a mix between tigers and lions. These animals escaped from circuses many years ago and many produced cubs together. Lots of people travel out of Jaipur at weekends just to see these special cats at Nahargarh Zoological Park. My family and I like to see them in their own enclosure. They are as big as lions, but they don’t have stripes. They have smaller faces than lions and long tails just like tigers.

Talk about it! a How do we show animals that we love and care for them? b Name some animals that are a mix of two different species.

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Before reading Describe the picture. What does it tell us about many cities in India?

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Paul and Greg’s Trip to India

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humid fuktig

unbelievable utrolig

were in luck hadde flaks

getting used to bli vant til

bazaar marked

glamorous glamorøs

rickshaws sykkeltaxier

beggars tiggere

mules muldyr

corner shop nærbutikk

Day # 3 Date 3 March Weather Hot, humid ay di

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in bye in H

good – hello/

Namaste! Finally in India! We spent yesterday getting used to the time difference and getting to know New Delhi. It’s busy!

Cars, bicycles, tuktuks, rickshaws, mopeds, mules, buses and people EVERYWHERE. I can handle the hot weather, but Paul is sweating a lot. Today we’ve been to Agra and the Taj Mahal.

The bus picked us up at our hotel, and the guide told the amazing story of Shah Jahan, a king that lived 400 years ago.

We took some great pictures. Tomorrow we will try to get tickets for a cricket match. Paul wants to taste the local fast food, but I’m not sure.

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Day # 6 Date 6 March Weather Hot, getting used to it now ... da Word of the

Namaste! Jaipur is unbelievable, and more beautiful than New Delhi. Temples and palaces – and many of them are pink. But the reason we came here is to celebrate Holi, festival of colours. People sing and dance and throw water and coloured powder at each other. It sounds like great fun. Paul and I met a nice guy called Narayan on the bus from the airport, and he is taking us to the bazaar to buy coloured powder and some shirts for the big party.

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– tea

y

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Day # 13 Date 13 March Weather Hot, dripping ... d Word of the

ay

e me

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– excus

Namaste! We have been in Mumbai for 3 days. It’s huge! And it’s more modern, so we have done less sightseeing. We came hoping to see movie stars, and we were in luck! Last night we managed to get tickets to a movie premiere from a guy at our hotel. The red carpet was out, fans were screaming, and the stars of the movie looked really glamorous. Sadly, there are a lot of poor people here, too. We’ve seen a lot of beggars, many of them children. Tomorrow it’s back to rainy London ... Tonight we will eat the last box of sweets we bought at the corner shop. Yummy!

After reading a What have Paul and Greg seen and done during their trip? b What happens at a Holi festival? c Which Hindi words did Greg learn on his trip? What do they mean?

What are the words in your language? d Which city would you like to visit? Why? Wor k book 2 :34 — 2 : 3 8

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Before reading How can you find information about the Indian film industry called Bollywood? Give two examples.

Bollywood

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Hi, Saanvi, what is Bollywood?

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Mathias and his class in Norway are working on a project they are doing with a class in England. His group is going to find out more about the Indian film industry called Bollywood. It is famous for its films full of song, dance and glamour. Saanvi, a girl in the English class, can help him. Soon Mathias’ group has all the information they need. Here is an extract from their chat.

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Well, many people think that Bollywood is a place, like the movie capital Hollywood, but it is not. Actually, it is a popular nickname for the Indian film industry based in Mumbai. Bollywood was founded in 1899. That is 11 years before Hollywood started film production in 1910.

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What are the films about?

They are often about family and family life and are similar to soap operas. A boy meets a girl and the girl’s parents are against their relationship. After lots of tears and drama, they see the love the boy and girl have for each other and bless the couple, who then live happily ever after. ƄƄƄ How long is a typical Bollywood movie?

Maybe three hours. You get loads of entertainment with action scenes or comic scenes, and of course a lot of singing and dancing.

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So singing and dancing are important in the films?

Almost all Bollywood movies have at least four or five songs. They are sung by professional singers and the songs are then lip-synced by dancing actors and actresses.

What about the costumes?

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The costumes are often colourful and say a lot about Indian culture.

In the dancing scenes, the actors or actresses often change costumes, even between the verses of a song.

What do you think about Bollywood films?

After reading

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I just love them! Ƅř A film must have singing and dancing.

They make me laugh and cry.

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a What did you learn about Bollywood? b Why does Saanvi like the films so much? c Write two questions you would like to ask Saanvi.

Swap questions with a partner. Write the answer.

Talk about it! a What do you think are the main differences between a Bollywood and a Hollywood film? b What is important to remember if you chat to someone on the internet?

extract utdrag actually faktisk nickname kallenavn based in med base i founded grunnlagt are similar to ligner bless velsigner entertainment underholdning lip-synced mimet actors skuespillere actresses skuespillerinner costumes kostymer

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Before reading

Forget coffee, cocoa, milk or fizzy drinks. The people of the world have spoken. Tea is the drink of choice after water.

India is the second largest tea producer in the world, after China, but they are number one when it comes to consuming it.

Indians drink more tea than any other people in the world.

One of the best places for tea plantations is Darjeeling, a district at the foot of the Himalayan mountain range. Black tea from Darjeeling is sometimes called “the champagne of tea”.

Another important tea district is Assam, which is a state that borders on Bhutan and Bangladesh. Black tea from this area is stronger in taste and is often sold as breakfast tea when exported.

A person selling tea from a stall in India is called a chai wallah. You may have heard the word chai – it simply means “tea”. Masala chai, which is black tea seasoned with milk, spices and sweeteners, is the most popular variety in India.

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Tea can mean three different things: a drink, a light afternoon meal or a dinner.

The Most Popular Drink in the World

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How many types of tea have you tasted?

Talk about it!

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a What did you learn about tea from this text? b How do you like your tea? Do you use spices, milk or sugar? c Why do you think tea is such a popular drink?

Make up a dialogue in which you order tea from a chai wallah.

Make up questions and answers about what kind of tea you would like, and how you like your tea.

Keywords: milk, sweet, plain, spices, seasoned, cinnamon, hot, cold.

Indian tea plantation

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Wo r k bo o k 2 :3 9 — 2 : 41

Dinner at Punjab Palace

Before reading What spices do you know of apart from salt and pepper?

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Waiter: Good evening, and welcome to Punjab Palace. Here are the menus. Please let me know when you are ready to order.

Dad: Thank you. Now, kids, it’s your mother’s birthday today, so you may order whatever you like.

Kareem: Really? Then I would like to order three desserts!

Dad: That’s not what I meant, Kareem. Main course first, then we’ll see about dessert.

Kareem: Okay, okay. Mum, what are you going to order?

Mum: I would like some pakoras for starters. And papadums and raita, of course.

Dad: Mena, what would you like?

Mena: I would like ... chicken tikka.

Mum: I think we’re ready to order. Waiter?

Waiter: Please, may I take your order?

Mum: Yes, we’d like some papadums and raita for the whole table. For starters we would like one plate of vegetable pakora and one plate of fish pakora.

Waiter: Good choice. And what would you like for your main course?

Dad: One lamb vindaloo, two chicken tikkas, and one chicken korma, please.

Mena: And bread, dad, don’t forget the bread.

Dad: Yes, yes, I haven’t forgotten. Two garlic naan and two Peshawar naan.

Kareem: I don’t want tikka, dad. Why can’t I choose?

Dad: Because you always end up with the same, Kareem.

That’s what you order every time we’re out.

Waiter: May I recommend our Punjab Palace curry? It’s chicken or lamb in a rich curry with cardamom, garlic, ginger, coconut milk ... It’s delicious!

Kareem: Sounds interesting! I think I will give it a try. With lamb, please.

spices krydder order bestille main course hovedrett starter forrett garlic hvitløk ginger ingefær cinnamon kanel nutmeg muskat(nøtt) bay leaf laurbærblad

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impression inntrykk in reality i virkeligheten spilled sølte daadi bestemor daada bestefar cheers skål

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table manners bordskikk

Waiter: Great! Finally, would you like your food mild, medium or hot?

Mum: Medium to hot, please.

Waiter: Very well, madam. And what would you like to drink?

Mum: Water for everyone, please.

Waiter: Thank you. I will be back shortly.

Mena: Dad, why does it say Indian restaurant in the window when they serve Pakistani food? This is the same kind of food that Daadi makes, and she’s from Islamabad.

Dad: The reason is that India and Pakistan used to be one country. Don’t you remember what Daada told you about coming to England?

Kareem: I remember. He has told the story many times. He came by ship to Bristol. Then he met Daadi on the train to Birmingham.

Mena: That’s so romantic!

Mum: I am sure that’s the impression he wants to give, but in reality he spilled hot tea on Daadi. She got a burn and he had to take her to the doctor’s.

Mena: It’s still romantic. And if it hadn’t happened, we wouldn’t be here.

Dad: That calls for a toast! Cheers everyone! Happy birthday, Deena.

Mena and Kareem: Happy birthday, mum!

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Curry is a dish based on a mixture of spices, called masala.

There are many kinds of curries, depending on which spices you use.

Common spices in Indian dishes are cinnamon, cardamom, pepper, ginger, onion, chili, nutmeg and bay leaf.

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After reading Work in groups and act out the dialogue.

Talk about it! a When was the last time you ate food from a different country? What did you eat? b Which table manners are important in your family?

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Wor k book 2 :42 — 2 : 4 5

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Before reading What do people have to do to receive the Nobel Peace Prize?

Which country awards the Nobel Peace Prize?

India Meets Pakistan – A Peace Prize for Children

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A girl works at a brick factory in India while her little brother plays.

India and Pakistan used to be one country. When India became independent in 1947, it was divided in two. In 2014, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to two people: a girl from Pakistan, and a man from India.

In most countries in the 1800s children had to work. Some were even as young as five or six years old. Some types of jobs were in fact only done by children. They had to work from Monday to Saturday, often 12 hours a day.

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awards her: tildeler independent selvstendig divided delt child labour barnearbeid education utdanning laws lover against mot were passed ble innført not the case ikke tilfelle widespread utbredt banned forbudt

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At the same time, a new idea spread in Europe: children should not work, but go to school. Laws against child labour were passed in many countries. However, for children outside Europe this was not the case.

In countries like India and Pakistan, many children still work.

Why? It is easier to use children because they get paid very little, and poor children have to work to help their families. In this way, they get very little education.

International organisations like the UN have banned child labour, but it is the work of individuals that has made the biggest difference. In 2014, two outstanding individuals received the Nobel Peace Prize for their work against child labour and for the right of every child to get an education.

outstanding fremragende rescue operations redningsaksjoner

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Kailash Satyarthi (born 1954) is from India and has worked against child labour since 1980. It is a form of slavery, he says. He and his team have saved tens of thousands of children in rescue operations.

individuals enkeltpersoner

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Malala Yousafzai (born 1997) is from Pakistan. She wrote a blog where she said that all children should get an education. She was shot on her way home from school in October 2012 but survived. Instead of being scared, she decided to raise her voice and speak even louder. She has met world leaders, spoken to the UN assembly and written a book. She is the youngest person and the first Pakistani to ever win the Nobel Peace Prize.

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se m pl ar ek rd er in gs Vu Malala Yousafzai and Kailash Satyarthi receive the Nobel Peace prize in Oslo in 2014 for their work for children’s rights.

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So here I stand ... one girl among many.

I speak – not for myself, but for all girls and boys.

I raise up my voice – not so that I can shout, but so that those without a voice can be heard.

Those who have fought for their rights: Their right to live in peace.

Their right to be treated with dignity.

Their right to equality of opportunity.

Their right to be educated.

Extract from Malala Youzafzai’s speech to the UN

UN assembly FNs generalforsamling raise her voice heve røsten dignity verdighet equality of opportunity like muligheter violence vold deny nekte aim mål develop utvikle seg

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illegal ulovlig

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There is no greater violence than to deny the dreams of our children.

The single aim of my life is that every child is: free to be a child, free to grow and develop, Quote: One child, one free to eat, sleep, see daylight, teacher, one pen and one free to laugh and cry, book can change the free to play, world. free to learn, Malala Yousafzai free to go to school, and above all, free to dream.

After reading a b c d e

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Extract from Kailash Satyarthi’s Nobel Speech

What is child labour?

Why did child labour become illegal in many countries?

Why do children in other countries work today?

What kind of work does Kailash Satyarthi do?

What happened to Malala Yousafzai on her way home from school?

Talk about it! a Read the extracts from the speeches and the quote. Which do you like the best? Why? b Scan this chapter and find at least one other person who has received the Nobel Peace Prize.

Wor k book 2 :46 — 2 : 4 8

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LANGUAGE WORK

Verbs: Simple Past and Past Progressive (verb: enkel preteritum og preteritum samtidsform)

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Simple past We use the past tense when we talk about actions that have already happened: Yesterday, last week, last year, in 2020 or five years ago.

Regular verbs

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We add -ed to regular verbs in the past tense.

I washed my clothes after the game.

They helped a man across the street this morning.

If the word ends with an -e, we only add -d.

He baked a pie last Saturday.

Irregular verbs

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Some verbs are irregular. That means we cannot simply add -ed in the past tense.

Tom wrote a rap last week.

Diya drank tea with me yesterday.

asked w walked ble broke

TASK Make a list of regular and irregular verbs from the text about the myth of the Rainbow Serpent on page 46.

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Past progressive Use for actions going on at the same time:

Use for actions going on when something else happened:

Tom was writing a rap while Tim was playing the guitar.

I was changing my clothes when they walked in.

She was drinking tea when her phone rang.

While Mum was drinking tea, Dad was making dinner.

They were helping a man across the street when the bus came.

was/were + ing

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TASK What happened on the bus to the Taj Mahal?

Make more sentences using the past progressive.

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You can start like this: When we entered the bus to the Taj Mahal, the guide was talking about India, two children were ..., a man in a hat ..., a young woman ...

Wor k book 2 :49 — 2 : 5 2

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Before reading

Jamaica

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What do you know about Jamaica?

Make a mind map.

Quote: “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.”

Marcus Garvey, journalist, political activist and public speaker from Jamaica

Talk about it! a Look at the map, find the capital city and three other cities.

Talk about what is typical for the country. b Why is it important to know about the past, where we come from and our cultures?

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Wo r k bo o k 2 :5 3

Meet ...

Before reading

sporting event idrettsbegivenhet track and field friidrett reputation rykte compete konkurrere

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Darren The biggest sporting event in schools in Jamaica is the Champs at the National Stadium in Kingston. Different schools compete against each other in track and field events, each defending their school’s reputation. Sometimes, as many as 30 000 people attend the event. I am here to compete in the 400 metres hurdles. My hero is Karsten Warholm from Norway.

He smashed his own world record when he won the gold medal at the Tokyo Olympic Games in 2021. People even compare him to our world-famous sprinter, Usain Bolt! I watch his races on the internet and try to copy his style.

What would you tell someone from another country about your spare time activities?

hurdles hinderløp compare to sammenligne med

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passion lidenskap

Shanice My passion is music, listening to it and making it, too. We are so lucky because Jamaica has a very lively music scene. I play the bass guitar in our band. It is the most important instrument in Jamaican music. Drum and bass together create the rhythm. My idol is Aston Barrett who is a famous bassist from Jamaica. I’m also a huge fan of Diane White, a female Jamaican “bassie”. I hope to be as successful as her one day!

Talk about it!

How can sporting heroes inspire us and help us improve our own skills?

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Look at the list of songs. Do you recognise any of the song titles?

worldwide verdensomspennende lyrics sangtekst a number of mange

Reggae music comes from Jamaica, and the artist Bob Marley (1945–1981) is probably the most famous Jamaicans of all time.

In the 1970s and 80s, he and his band, The Wailers, had worldwide hits such as “No Woman, No Cry” and “Exodus”.

Marley’s style, strong personality and looks played an important part in the band’s success. People all over the world recognise his portrait.

Reggae is not just a style of music; it is a way of life which is expressed in the songs. The lyrics can have a number of different topics. Bob Marley and The Wailers had several hits with lyrics about injustice and racism.

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injustice urettferdighet

Legend

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Before reading

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10 songs by Bob Marley

followers tilhengere chosen people utvalgt folk striking særpregede dreadlocks rastafletter twisted vridd braids fletter demand kreve

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Bob Marley and his band followed a religion called Rastafari.

Their colours are green, red, gold and sometimes black. These are the colours of the flag of Ethiopia. The Rastafari followers believe that the former king of Ethiopia, Haile Selassie 1, is God, and that black people are God’s chosen people.

It’s not just the colours that make reggae artists stand out.

They often have striking hairstyles. Dreadlocks are entangled locks of hair that are twisted into long braids. It may look like you haven’t washed or combed your hair for months, but dreadlocks do in fact demand a lot of care, and it takes years to grow them long.

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No Woman, No Cry One Love Could You Be Loved Redemption Song Buffalo Soldier Get Up, Stand Up I Shot the Sheriff Exodus Is This Love Stir It Up

After reading a What are reggae songs about? b What did Bob Marley and his band members believe in?

Wor k book 2 :54 — 2 : 5 5

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Before reading Which instruments create the rhythm in a song?

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Can You Feel the Rhythm?

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The African drum is made from a hollow log. Animal skin is stretched over the hole and fastened with pins. You can change the sound of the drum by making the skin tighter or looser. Use your hands or some sticks to beat on the drum.

The Shekere is made from a dried pumpkin called a gourd.

A net with beads covers the gourd and adds to the sound.

Now twist it, shake it or slap it.

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The Maraca is made from dried calabash. Dried seeds are put inside, and they make the unique sound when you shake the instrument. The maraca can also be made from other materials, like coconut or seashells.

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The bass guitar is the most important instrument in Jamaican music. Drum and bass together create the rhythm. Aston Barrett is a famous bassist from Jamaica.

After reading a b c d

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Computers are the modern percussion instrument. Sly and Robbie are two famous artists and producers who have created popular beats and worked with some of the most successful singers and bands in the world.

rhythm rytme hollow log hul trestamme dried tørket gourd gresskar calabash type gresskar

seeds frø Which instruments are important in Jamaican music? percussion slaginstrumenter Which instruments create the rhythm?

Name some famous Jamaican artists.

Why do you think Jamaican music has become popular around the world?

Talk about it! a Ask each other questions about music and instruments from your countries.

Answer and give as many details as you can. b Make a list of all the music styles you have heard of. Then take turns at describing what is typical.

Wor k book 2 :56 — 2 : 5 8

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Before reading

athletes idrettsutøvere developed utviklet competing å konkurrere high school ungdoms- og videregående skole coach trener

Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce was born in 1986 in Waterhouse, a poor part of Jamaica’s capital city, Kingston. She used to run to school barefoot and developed a talent for running. At the age of ten, she started competing in 60, 100 and 200 metre races.

“Growing up as a poor girl, I had dreams of going to the Olympics and to university,” she says. “When I started high school, a kind woman saw my talent and paid for my education.” This helped Shelly-Ann become even better at her sport. Her coach nicknamed her Pocket Rocket because she is small and fast.

As a young girl, Shelly-Ann trained hard and started to win medals and set records. She won a gold medal in sprint at the Bejing Olympics in 2008 and became the fastest woman in the world in the London Olympics in 2012. She has won gold and other medals in every Olympic Games she has competed in, as well as in World and National Championships. She became a sporting legend when she won an individual silver medal in the 100 metres sprint and a gold medal in the 4 x 100 metres relay in Tokyo, her fourth Olympic Games.

Shelly-Ann is married to Jason Pryce and has a son, Zyon. She thinks it is important to remember her roots and to encourage young people to do well. The Pocket Rocket Foundation, which she started, helps high school athletes. She is a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF, and she helps children. Shelly Ann says: “Through my work with UNICEF, I want to help Jamaican children realise their dreams. I want them to believe that nothing is impossible.”

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Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce

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track and field friidrett

The King and Queen of Track and Field

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Jamaica has many top athletes. Do you know the names of any Jamaican athletes?

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Usain Bolt

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Usain Bolt was born in 1986 in Montego Bay, Jamaica. He impressed the world by winning gold medals in the 100 metres, 200 metres and 4x100 metres relay and setting new records in all distances in three straight Olympic Games. “Lightning Bolt” was the fastest man on Earth during his sporting career. People call him the greatest sprinter of all time.

Bolt’s success was due to more than his results. He was a true showman, always flirting and joking with the photographers and the audience. Usain loved being the centre of attention. The lightning pose was his trademark. Engaging with the audience made him extremely popular. No one could draw a crowd like Usain Bolt!

impressed imponerte relay stafett straight strake due to skyldes lightning pose lynpositur trademark varemerke draw a crowd være trekkplaster

Talk about it! a At what age do you think an athlete is at his/her best? b Why are these two athletes so popular? c Why are athletes often seen as role models?

Wor k book 2 :59 — 2 : 6 3

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Before reading

South Africa

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Who do you admire and why?

Quote: “No one is born hating another person because of the colour of his skin, or his background or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.”

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opposite motsatte

Nelson Mandela, lawyer, freedom fighter and first African president of South Africa

Talk about it! a Look at the map, find the capital city and three other cities.

Talk about what is typical for the country. b Which is easier to learn, hate or love? Why do you think so?

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Meet ...

achievements prestasjoner co-founded utviklet sammen med en annen scientist forsker solve løse faces står overfor deadliest mest dødelige anti-poaching anti-krypskytteri nature reserve naturreservat weekly ukentlige

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Hansie When people think of my country, they often think of racism between the different groups of people who live here. I’m a modern South African and I like to celebrate our country’s achievements. Not many people know that South Africa has had four Nobel Peace Prize winners.

Two authors have also won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Christiaan Barnard, a South African doctor, was the first person to perform a heart transplant over 50 years ago. Elon Musk who co-founded PayPal and Space X and the electric car Tesla was born in Pretoria. I would like to become a scientist so that I can help solve some of the problems my country faces.

future framtidige

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rhinos neshorn

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Nomsa Do you know what a black mamba is? Yes, it is one of Africa’s deadliest snakes. It is also an all-female anti-poaching group.

They work at the Balule Nature Reserve which is part of Kruger National Park. I take part in their weekly Bush Babies lessons.

We learn about the wild animals that live around us. We also learn that we have to take care of these animals for future generations. When I grow up, I would like to join the Black Mambas and help save the rhinos and other African animals.

Talk about it! a What would you like to become when you grow up? Why? b Do you think an all-female anti-poaching group is a good idea? Why or why not? c What are the dangers the Black Mambas face?

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Before reading Skim the text. What kind of information can you find in this travel brochure?

Come to South Africa Destinations

Wildlife

City life

Adventure

Cultural events

Food and drink

Travel advice

Book your trip

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Places to Visit

Kruger National Park

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Experience the Big Five and lots more in Kruger National Park.

The largest game reserve in South Africa offers many types of safaris: guided tours, self-drives or family holiday packages.

Cape Town

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Stunning views, shopping and café culture, surfing, unique wildlife, museums – Cape Town has it all. Situated where the Atlantic and Indian oceans meet, you can enjoy a large variety of sights and activities.

Robben Island The infamous prison where Nelson Mandela spent a large part of his life behind bars is just a boat ride away from Cape Town.

Visit the cells and facilities of the closed prison. The island is a national and World Heritage site.

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game reserve viltpark stunning view flott utsikt variety her: utvalg infamous beryktet

The Big Five

facilities her: anlegg world Heritage site verdensarvsted offers her: tilbyr mammals pattedyr

Buffalo

Elephant

Lion

Leopard

Rhino

cheetahs geparder rarer sjeldnere spot få øye på

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Kruger National Park Info

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Experience the Big Five and lots more in Kruger National Park.

The largest game reserve in South Africa offers many types of safaris: guided tours, self-drives or family holiday packages.

Almost the size of Wales, Kruger National Park is the home of hundreds of species of birds, mammals, amphibians, fish and reptiles. The largest mammal populations are zebras, buffalos and elephants. Cheetahs, African wild dogs and black rhinos are rarer. In the rivers you can spot crocodiles and even river sharks. Birds come in all sizes, from vultures and eagles to kingfishers and starlings.

Enjoy a classic safari during which you live inside the park. Choose between many different all-inclusive lodges.

These offers are suitable for families and honeymooners.

Game viewing is guaranteed at all the park’s lodges.

If you are feeling more daring, try the tented safaris. Join the park’s professional guides on foot, as you track Big Game in the wild.

Kruger National Park can be reached by plane from all major cities and by car. The park is open all year round.

Daytime temperatures are usually above 25°C. Book your trip now!

vultures gribber kingfisher isfugl starling stær lodges hytter suitable passende honeymooners par på bryllupsreise game her: vilt daring dristig track spore, følge spor

After reading a Name three different sights in South Africa. b Why is Robben Island a popular tourist destination? c What are the Big Five? d Which animals live in Kruger National Park? e What is the purpose of this travel brochure?

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Paragraphs WRITE

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A paragraph is a group of sentences that tells the reader about one main idea.

The topic sentence introduces the main idea and is usually the first sentence.

Supporting sentences say more about the main idea.

The closing sentence of a paragraph often retells the main idea in a different way.

1 Start by brainstorming.

South Africa

Australia

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English-speaking countries

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2 Fill in more.

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India

Australia

English-speaking countries

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South of the Equator Interesting animals

South Africa

India

Jamaica

Jamaica

Big country / continent Hot weather Surfing, coral reef

3 Say what the main idea is. Write it as a sentence.

Australia is an English-speaking country south of the equator.

4 Add supporting sentences to the topic sentence.

Many people go on holiday in Australia because of the hot weather and beautiful beaches. There are many interesting animals, like the kangaroo and koala. The biggest coral reef in the world is in Australia. It is called the Great Barrier Reef.

5 End the paragraph with a closing sentence.

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Australia is not just a country – it is a continent.

6 Now, you have written a paragraph:

Australia is an English-speaking country south of the equator.

Topic sentence

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Many people go on holiday in Australia because of the hot

weather and beautiful beaches. There are many interesting

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animals, like the kangaroo and koala. The biggest coral reef in

Supporting sentences

the world is in Australia. It is called the Great Barrier Reef.

TASK

Closing sentence

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Australia is not just a country – it is a continent.

a Go through the same steps with the other countries. b Put the paragraphs together to form a complete text with the title “English-speaking countries”.

Wor k book 2 : 6 9

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Apartheid

Before reading Have you ever been unfairly treated?

Talk about it.

unfairly treated urettferdig behandlet policy her: politisk system rights rettigheter

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In 1948, the policy of apartheid was introduced. All South Africans were placed in racial categories: white, black, coloured (people of mixed ethnic origin), Asians and others. All rights were given to whites, while non-white people had few or no rights.

If you were non-white, you could not choose where to live, what kind of job to have or which school to go to. There were also separate churches, parks, restaurants, toilets and beaches for white and non-white people.

People who didn’t follow the laws of racial segregation were often sentenced to prison. The most famous prisoner was Nelson Mandela, a black lawyer who fought to end apartheid.

After 27 years in prison, Nelson Mandela was released and apartheid was abolished in 1994. Mandela became the first black president of South Africa.

non-white alle som ikke var hvite

prisoner fange fought kjempet

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segregation adskillelse

released sluppet fri abolished avskaffet

Nelson Mandela and Frederik De Klerk receive the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 in Oslo for their work against apartheid.

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Nelson Mandela Quotes

education utdanning powerful mektig

“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.”

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“As I walked out the door toward the gate that would lead to my freedom, I knew if I didn’t leave my bitterness and hatred behind, I’d still be in prison.”

After reading

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a Give some examples of what it was like to live in South Africa during apartheid. b What happened to people who fought against apartheid? c What kind of job did Mandela have before he was imprisoned? d What happened after Nelson Mandela was released from prison? e Which Mandela quote do you like the most? Why?

Talk about it! a Why was apartheid an unfair system? b Give examples of people who have spoken up against unfair treatment of others. c What do the quotes mean? Give examples of why you think they are true for Nelson Mandela and other people’s lives.

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Before reading

Journey to Jo’burg The book Journey to Jo’burg by Beverly Naidoo is about a brother and sister from a village in South Africa. They travel a long way to give a message to their mother. She works in Johannesburg, a big city 300 kilometres away from the village.

The closer they get to the big city, the more they discover about how apartheid works. They have to handle all kinds of situations, but they carry on, because their message is important. Their baby sister is sick, and Mma must come home as soon as possible. In chapter six, they have finally reached Johannesburg.

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What would you do to help someone you love?

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Names in the text: Naledi – older sister Tiro – younger brother Dineo – baby sister Mma/Joyce – their mother Nono – their grandmother Grace Mbatha – a woman they meet in Jo’burg Jo’burg – Johannesburg, the biggest city in South Africa Soweto – a poor part of town where black people were forced to live

A New Friend As they turned toward the road, there was a bus with the word “PARKTOWN” in big letters on the front. It was slowing down a little way up the road and the doors were opening. Through the front windscreen they could see the driver was black.

“Come on, Tiro!” called Naledi, pulling him by the arm. They were just about to jump aboard, when someone shouted at

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message beskjed handle takle carry on fortsetter front windscreen frontrute shouted at kjeftet på startled skremt moved off kjørte videre bother you forstyrre deg

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them in English. “What’s wrong with you? Are you stupid?”

Startled, they looked up at the angry face of the bus driver and then at the bus again. White faces stared at them from inside as the bus moved off.

Naledi and Tiro stood on the side of the road, shaken, holding hands tightly, when a voice behind them said, “Don’t let it bother you. That’s what they’re like. You’d better come out of the road.”

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STOP THINK

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Why are there separate buses for black and white people?

A young woman put out her hand to bring them onto the pavement.

“You must be strangers here if you don’t know about the buses. This stop has a white sign, but we have to wait by the black one over there.”

She pointed to a small black metal signpost.

“You must also look at the front of the bus for the small notice saying ‘Non-whites only.’”

“I’m sorry. We forgot to look,” Naledi explained.

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signpost skilt forcefully kraftig spoke out uttalte seg rush hour rushtiden trundled along rullet av sted heaved slepte, dro

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“It’s not you who should be sorry!” said the young woman forcefully. “They should be sorry, those stupid people! Why shouldn’t we use any bus? When our buses are full, their buses are half empty. Don’t you be sorry!”

The children glanced at each other. This person was different from their mother. Mma never spoke out like that.

The young woman asked where they were going. Naledi took out the letter, and when the young woman looked at the address, she exclaimed, “But this is near where my mother works. I’m on my way to visit her today, so I can show you the place.”

“Thank you, Mma.” The children smiled. Lucky again.

“By the way, I’m Grace Mbatha. Now who are you both, and where are you from? You speak Tswana the way my mother does. Maybe you live near my mother’s people.”

So, once again, the children began their story.

Luckily the bus wasn’t full when it arrived. Grace had warned them that in the rush hour you were almost squeezed to death.

As the bus trundled along, stopping and starting with the traffic, there was a chance to stare out the windows. Tiro thought that the cyclists were very brave, riding in between all the cars. Naledi kept trying to see the tops of all the tall buildings, twisting her neck around until it began to hurt!

The bus now heaved its way up a steep hill and soon they were leaving the city buildings, seeing the sky again, as well as trees, grass lawns and flowers either side of the road. Behind the trees were big houses, such as they had never seen before.

Grace smiled at the way the children were staring, amazed.

“Don’t you know the people in this place have a lot of money? My mother looks after two children in a very big house, and there is another person just to cook, and another person to look after the garden.”

Naledi and Tiro listened with interest. Mma never liked to talk much to them about her work when she was at home, although once they had overheard Mma talking to Nono about

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the child whom she looked after. Mma had said, “The little girl is very rude. She thinks I belong to her mother. You should hear how she can shout at me.”

Naledi wanted to ask Grace to tell them some more, but she was still a little shy, and soon they had reached their stop.

They stepped off the bus onto a wide pavement along a street lined with great leafy trees.

“That’s the road where your mother works at number twenty-five. My mma works at number seventeen in the next road down there. Can you manage now?”

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From Journey to Jo’burg by Beverly Naidoo

After reading

anxious spente, engstelige pounded dunket

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What is the area where the children’s mother works like?

How does Grace offer to help the children?

Why do the children feel they can trust Grace?

Why does Grace help the children?

Why do you think that the children’s mother doesn’t like to talk about her work? f Do you think the children meet their mother? g What does the text tell you about the difference between blacks and whites in South Africa during apartheid?

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a b c d e

puzzled forvirret

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The children nodded, and then Grace added, “If you need somewhere to stay tonight, you can come back with me to Soweto. I’m going home at six o’clock, O.K.?”

Tiro and Naledi thanked Grace, although they were a little puzzled about needing somewhere to stay. After all, they would be with their mother now and they would be going home with her as quickly as possible, back to Dineo.

As they turned to go down the road, they suddenly felt very excited – and anxious too. So much had been happening that they hadn’t been thinking all along of their little sister.

Please let her be all right now pounded in Naledi’s brain.

Half walking, half running, they made for number 25.

a Work in groups of three. Choose 2–3 paragraphs and act out the dialogue between Grace and the children. b Make up a dialogue between the children and their mother when they arrive at the house.

BUS STOP

Wor k book 2 :74 — 2 : 7 9

97

98

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3 Game on!

In this chapter, I will

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• read about gaming and digital platforms.

• use English to understand and talk about gaming and life online.

• discuss how I express myself online.

• use prefixes and suffixes.

• write and use different types of punctuation.

Vu

Talk about it! a What is your favourite game? b What do you look for in a game? c Which language(s) do you use when you play games? d Look through this chapter and find: • a person who has posted something online.

• a sport that takes place online.

• a person who creates games.

• a word with a prefix and a word with a suffix.

Wor k book 3 :1 — 3 : 5

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Before reading What should you do before posting something online?

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Online Rules

accidentally tilfeldigvis, ved et uhell supergluing som limer fast med superlim mustache (AE) bart exception unntak

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Wo r k bo o k 3 :6 — 3 : 7

After reading a Why have so many seen Grandma dance? b Who do you think posted a video of Grandma? c Do you agree with the rule Grandma sets? Why or why not?

Feeling

or

?

Before reading

Happy face A yellow face with smiling eyes and a big smile. Lips are closed.

The cheeks are rosy. We use this emoji to express happiness and positive feelings.

Similar emojis: Hugging Face Slightly Smiling Face

Look at your phone and check: What were the last three emojis you used?

express gi uttrykk for disappointment skuffelse concern bekymring

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Sad Face A yellow face with open eyes. Lips are turned downwards.

We use this emoji to express sadness, disappointment or concern.

Similar emojis: Worried Face Crying Face

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worried bekymret

Ƅ Red Heart

Talk about it!

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The classic, red love heart is one of the most popular emojis.

We use this emoji to express love and romance.

Similar emojis: Face Blowing a Kiss Smiling Face with Heart-Eyes

a How often do you use emojis instead of words? b Do you think emojis have the same meaning in different parts of the world? c Which emoji do you use the most? Which words could you use instead?

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101

My Online Identity

Before reading Which online platforms do you use?

In games

On social media

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decide bestemme

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move flytte

Your identity is made up by lots of different things, and you can express your identity in different ways.

Some parts of your identity are there from birth: Your name, age and family, your DNA, language and nationality, and where you live. Later in life you may move or choose to change your name, but you can’t change your age.

Other parts of your identity are up to you to decide: Your style of clothing, taste in music or hobbies and what you love and care about. Online, you can be whoever you want to be.

But you may want to think through how you present yourself and what information you share.

Online, you can create a character or use an avatar to represent who you are. That way, your real identity remains private and safe.

It’s not just you who has an online identity. Billions of people go online every day. When you create an online identity, you can express yourself and be creative. In short, it can be a lot of fun!

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identity = the things that make you ... YOU

express gi uttrykk for

On school platforms

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Me

care about bry deg om, være glad i

think through tenke gjennom remains forblir

Talk about it! a b c d

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Wo r k bo o k 3 :1 1 — 3 : 13

What does the word identity mean?

Which parts of your identity do you share with others?

Which parts of your identity do you keep private?

How can you express who you are online?

Can You Read Games?

Before reading

stats switch dash

controller

health points

Look at the word cloud.

How many verbs can you find?

walk

puzzle spell pause charge load ultimate level command

items

stream

portal save points inventory

group

character

After reading a b c d

keyboard tastatur level nivå discord her: samtaleforum literate lesedyktig

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damage keyboard

damage skade

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discord

item gjenstand

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jump

inventory her: verktøykasse

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party

quest log

dash gå fort

Which words would you use when you speak your own language?

Which words would you use in everyday life?

Which words do you need to understand to take part in games?

Which words would you use only in connection with games?

Talk about it!

Work in groups of 3 or 4. Choose some words from the word cloud. a Explain what the word means in everyday English. b Explain what the word means in games. c Make a list of words you could add to the word cloud.

Wor k book 3 :14 — 3 : 1 6

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Punctuation LANGUAGE WORK

Some punctuation marks:

full stop comma

period full stop

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question mark

quotation mark

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exclamation mark

apostrophe

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Look at the sentences. When do you use the different punctuation marks?

Statement: This is our house. We have lived here for seven years.

Exclamation: Wait! You forgot your phone!

Before some conjunctions and sentence tags: Take the bus two stops, then walk for 100 metres.

Don’t forget your lunch, Emma.

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Questions: Where have you been? Do you know what time it is?

Quotes: “I love you, too,” said Henry.

Contractions: don’t, you’re, isn’t, we’ll, they’ve

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Possessives: Mother’s day, my parents’ wedding, Jenny’s boyfriend, the teacher’s mug

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Let’s eat grandpa!

Save lives – use commas.

TASK a b c d

Make up sentences and use correct punctuation.

What is the difference between the comma and the full stop?

Make questions using the question words when, where and what.

Use the apostrophe to shorten these phrases: do not, I am, they are, that is.

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Before reading

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Minecraft was presented at a huge electronic entertainment exposition in California in 2015.

Minecraft – a Popular Game A Blockbuster

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Skim the first part of the text. What are the two meanings of the word blockbuster?

How did a sandbox game about building and crushing blocks become one of the most popular games in the world? The answer is just like the game, simple and complex at the same time.

Easy Does It The genius of Minecraft is its basic component: a 1x1x1 block.

After that, the possibilities are endless. Choose between Creative or Survival Mode, play alone or with others in MultiPlayer Mode. Play on your pad, computer, Playstation or X-Box.

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Be Creative

blockbuster suksess

In order to enjoy Minecraft, you have to love building. Of course, there are fights to win and monsters to kill, worlds to reach and bases to defend, but those are just bonuses. The game is about building huts, houses, cities, castles, landscapes, portals, walls, or spaceships.

simple enkel complex sammensatt basic grunnleggende component bestanddel 1 x 1 x 1 block kube possibilities muligheter

New Additions

endless uendelige

Minecraft used to be simple. You got a character, gathered materials, and started building. You punched trees and killed some monsters. The later additions made it more fun to play, but the number of choices can be overwhelming. Additions such as Skins, Realms, 3D, Story Mode and others really make it possible for you to spend the rest of your life in the cube universe.

survival overlevelse defend forsvare

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additions tillegg, utvidelser gathered samlet punched her: felle later senere

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overwhelming overveldende

After reading

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A sandbox game is a game that doesn’t have a fixed storyline, but gives the players the choice to explore and create freely.

a What kind of game is Minecraft? b Why is it so popular? c Have you played Minecraft? What do you like about the game?

Talk about it! a b c d

How many hours do you spend on games every week?

Do you think kids today learn more English because of games?

How did kids learn English before the internet and games?

What can you learn from playing games like Minecraft?

Wor k boo k 3 : 2 3

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Game review Title: The name of the game What kind of game is it?

• You play the game on a console, a computer, a handheld device or a mobile phone • It is a board game, card game, sports, activity • The game is made by ... It first appeared in ...

How do you play the game?

• First you ... then you ...

• Key verbs: collect, save, hit, move, shoot, build, talk • Alone or with others • Which language do you use?

How do you advance in the game?

• How do you score points?

• Levels, rounds Who is the game for?

• The game is for people from the age of ...

• If you are interested in ..., this game ...

• Beginners or advanced players What do you like about it?

• Graphics, music, characters • Tasks, quests • Competition, excitement • Teamwork

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You can always throw the dice!

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WRITE

TASK Two stars and a wish I liked your text because ...

It was interesting to ...

I think you should ..., because ...

Describe a game to your partner. Use the keywords and phrases from the writing frame to get started.

Write your own game review.

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Minecraft What kind of game is it?

First, you gather wood and rocks to build different objects.

Then you craft items like weapons and tools. It is important to build a house because you need a place to stay when night falls and the creepers come out. When I play, I use English because all the objects in the game have English names. If I play with my friends, I speak Norwegian.

How do you play the game?

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Minecraft is a game for computers, mobiles and consoles.

The game is made by Mojang and was released in 2011.

How do you advance in the game?

The game is for everyone. Some people like to build castles or copies of famous buildings. Others like to fight monsters.

You can choose between different modes like creative or survival. Beginners usually start in creative mode to learn the game. Then they move on to survival or other modes.

Who is the game for?

I like the game because I can build whatever I want. My dad and I are currently building a copy of Wembley stadium in London. I have also taken part in events, like the 17 May Parade on Minecraft in 2021.

What do you like about it?

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You don’t score points in Minecraft, but when you smash blocks, you get more.

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The Fastest Growing Sport in the World Do you dream of competing in front of a huge crowd and millions of viewers? Do you imagine yourself lifting the world championship trophy?

Today, the best paid athletes play football, tennis or golf. In the future, the list of famous players may include professional gamers. Esports are on the rise, and studies show that the best gamers have incredible skills:

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Scan the text. How many active video game players are there in the world?

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Before reading

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Esport players must be focused and consentrated at all times.

• Players achieve up to 400 movements on the keyboard and mouse per minute – four times as many as the average person.

• Players have a high level of hand-eye coordination.

• Players have a high degree of tactical understanding.

• Players produce the same amount of stress hormone (cortisol) as a rally driver.

• Players’ pulses reach levels of 160–180 beats per minute, the same as marathon runners.

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competing konkurrere incredible utrolige skills ferdigheter achieve oppnår, klarer average gjennomsnittlige level nivå amount mengde beats slag exercise routines treningsopplegg increase øke access få tilgang til

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Esport attracts millions of viewers worldwide.

viewers seere livestreaming direktestrømming interact samhandle

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The best teams have managers, exercise routines, sponsors, and everything else we connect with professional sports. Major football clubs like PSG in France, Schalke 04 in Germany and Vålerenga in Norway have started their own esports teams.

Today, esports draw around 200 million viewers globally.

With 2.2 billion active video game players in the world, this number is likely to increase. Esports are easy to access online.

Livestreaming also makes it possible to interact with other fans. Some people want to include esports in the Olympic Games.

After reading a b c d

How would you compare esports to more traditional sports like ball games or running?

What do professional gaming and traditional sports have in common?

Where can you watch esports live?

Will the rise of esports make more people use the English language?

Talk about it! a What is the best way to become an esports athlete? b Should schools offer courses in gaming? Give reasons for your answer.

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Before reading

Norwegian Game Makers

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What skills do you need to create a game?

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Oda is a character artist for Funcom, a Norwegian game company. We interviewed her about her love of gaming.

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What made you interested in games?

I became interested in games when I was in primary school and learned about the different universes in the world of games.

Each universe had characters, places and stories to explore.

I really enjoyed playing with friends. We could sit for hours just watching each other play, helping each other move to the next level, and cheering each other on. Playing with friends for hours and hours is something I still do today.

character artist den som tegner figurene explore utforske skills ferdigheter cheering each other on heie på hverandre consists of består av designer formgiver

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What kind of skills do you need to make games?

You need many different skills to create games. A game studio usually consists of people with different roles. There are programmers, designers, and animators who all work together to create a game. Two things all game developers have in common are their great passion for games and the ability to think outside the box.

What do you like the most about creating games?

What I like most about creating games is the variation in tasks I get in my job. No two days are alike. In addition, I get to work with lots of interesting people, and I’m always learning new things.

Another awesome thing about developing games, is that once the game is out, people can play in a world that I helped create. It’s incredible how players find new and exciting ways of interacting with the game, which we, the developers, had never imagined.

passion lidenskap ability evne tasks oppgaver no two days are alike ingen dager er like, det er aldri kjedelig awesome fantastisk once the game is out når spillet er lansert incredible utrolig exciting spennende

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imagined forestilt oss inventing finne opp problem-solving problemløsing essential grunnleggende, uvurderlig passionate lidenskapelig

After reading a b c d e

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What is your advice to young people who want to develop games?

If you want to make games for a living, my best tip is: Never stop creating! It doesn’t matter whether you love painting, drawing, programming or inventing new card games to play with your family at weekends. All these things will help you practise creative thinking and problem-solving skills which are essential for a game developer.

Being a game developer isn’t just a job, it’s a passion! And the best road to becoming a game developer is to show just how passionate you are about games.

What is Oda’s job at Funcom?

How did she become interested in games?

Which skills do you need to be a game developer?

What does Oda like about creating games?

What do you think about Oda’s tip to young people?

Talk about it Which creative skills do YOU have?

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Prefixes and Suffixes LANGUAGE WORK

Prefixes A prefix is placed in front of a word. The prefix usually changes the meaning of the word, but not the word class.

The prefix un means not, so it changes the meaning of the word happy to not happy:

TASK

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un + happy = unhappy

Prefix

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Look at the words and prefixes below.

Word

New word

usual

unusual

re

tell

retell

super

market

supermarket

dis

agree

disagree

il

legal

illegal

im

possible

impossible

non

action

nonsense

semi

detached house

semi-detached house

multi

cultural

multicultural

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un

a What is the meaning of the word? b What is the meaning of the new word? c What do you think the prefixes mean?

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Suffixes A suffix is placed at the end of a word.

The suffix usually changes the meaning of the word.

Sometimes it also changes the word class.

The suffix -er means one who so it changes the meaning of the word to read to one who reads.

read + er = reader read = verb reader = noun

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TASK Look at the words and prefixes below.

Suffix

New word

work

er

worker

child

ish

childish

taste

less

tasteless

like

able

king

dom

heavy

kingdom

ment

argument

ness

heaviness

ship

friendship

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likeable

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argue

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Word

a What is the meaning of the word? b What is the meaning of the new word? c What do you think the suffixes mean?

Talk about it! a b c d

Can you give examples of other prefixes or suffixes?

Look for prefixes and suffixes in the text about the camels in Australia on page 134.

Find examples of prefixes and suffixes in your language.

Which prefixes and suffixes are used in both English and Norwegian?

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Before reading

Programming We asked two eighth-graders about programming in school.

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Have you tried programming?

What did you make?

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Q: What made you choose programming as your elective subject this year?

Martin: I have always been interested in computers. I took a course in fifth grade and have learned some of the basic programmes already. I want to be better at coding.

Linnea: I was curious to see if programming is something I could learn. It sounds so complicated, but in fact, it is not.

I want to use programming creatively.

Q: What skills are important to learn programming?

Martin: You want to learn from your mistakes. So, I would say it is important to accept mistakes and find out how you can correct them.

Linnea: You need to be patient. Take your time. Every little step is necessary to achieve the final result. It also helps to be good at English because most codes are in English.

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Q: Can you give an example of what you have programmed?

Linnea: I have added blinking lights and sound to a Christmas sweater.

Martin: I have made a code which I use when I teach other pupils. Every Tuesday, the local Coding Club meets here at school, and I teach the newbies some coding basics.

programme her: dataprogram elective subject valgfag basic grunnleggende curious nysgjerring creatively på en kreativ måte patient tålmodig achieve oppnå newbies nybegynnere in the course of i løpet av community samfunn

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After reading

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Q: What surprised you about programming?

Linnea: I had expected to do most of the work on my own, but it’s a lot of teamwork. The results are so much better when we work together.

Martin: I am surprised by the number of kids who are interested in programming. I had no idea! In the course of this year, I have made so many friends in the local Coding Club, and in clubs around the country. There really is a big community out there!

Talk about it!

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a Which words on the list do you recognise?

What do they mean? b Why have Linnea and Martin chosen programming as an elective subject? c Which word in the text means the same as programming?

a What skills do you have that could help you learn programming? b What would you like to programme? c Why should everyone learn basic programming?

web programming line coding default program algorithm bug tab continue code sequence debug space instruction Wor k book 3 :36 — 3 : 3 7

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Before reading Which computer programmes do you use daily?

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Computers Run the World

After reading a Look at the picture prompts and find examples of computer programs in use. b Sort your answers into categories: daily life, transport, health and medicine.

• Which areas have relied on computers for a long time?

• Which areas have just recently become digital? c What do you think will be run by computers in the future? d What happens if there is a system breakdown?

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Wo r k bo o k 3 :3 8 — 3 : 42

Letters from an Alien Schoolboy

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Characters: Flowkwee/ Flowk – the main character Farteeta – his younger sister Mama, Papa – their parents Faa – the planet they come from Pluke – Flowk’s pet Bert – robot Rokbumme – Flowk’s friend on Faa Carmel – (human) friend in school Susan – a (human) girl in Flowk’s school

If you invented a machine, what would it be?

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Flowkwee and his family come from the planet Faa. They are on Earth to improve the humans by using Papa’s improver machine.

In order to do so, they disguise themselves and try to live as an ordinary family. Flowkwee writes several letters to Rokbumme back at the planet Faa. He also becomes friends with Susan, who he mistakes for a boy. Susan might be someone they can use the improver machine on, and the family invite her to tea.

Before reading

Dear Rok, Do you mind me addressing you as just “Rok”? And would it be OK if I sign off as “Flowk” from now on? I’ll tell you about “bum” and “wee” when I get back to Faa. Susan told me about them today. Just take my word for it, you don’t want to have those words in your name. Not on Earth. Or “fart”, either, come to that. Poor Farteeta.

Today began well with everyone running up and slapping me, saying I was a football star.

improver machine forbedringsmaskin disguise forkler addressing tiltale slapping me her: ga meg en “high five”

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feeble svake Earthlings jordboere knobbly klumpete uni-jointed en-leddet keepy uppies triks (med ball)

STOP THINK

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How many keepy uppies can you do?

Of course, now they wanted me to do it all again. Papa said that would happen. These feeble Earthlings love heroes.

“You looked almost like you were flying!” somebody shouted.

“You’ve got superpowers!” said somebody else.

“I’m just the same as you,” I said to them all. “Look.” I raised my two useless Earth arms, then rolled up my trousers and showed my stupid knobbly uni-jointed Earth legs. Everyone had a good look, and realised it was true.

“You’re a legend, then,” said Aaron Ratchett, bouncing a ball.

“I’ll be your manager on an exclusive five-year deal. Show us some keepy uppies.”

He threw me the ball. After one hundred of them, with the eyeballs of all the class turning as round as the ball, I said, “Whoever gets this can be on my team.” Then I kicked it over the assembly hall, over the steaming bubbling kitchens, over the playground, and off the far post on the football field into the goal. They all ran screaming after it except for Susan.

What I look like here on Earth.

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STOP THINK

What is happening from Susan’s point of view?

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”That was pretty good,” he said.

I took a deep breath of the Earth air Papa says is so bad for us, but it helped when I finally asked Susan if he could come to tea. He went a nasty colour but made a smiling face and wrinkled up his beak. “Why me?” he asked.

“Because you’re a spitting fellow. You’re not like the other boys.”

Susan giggled (which is a nice, gurgly laugh, like being tickled). “I should hope not,” he said.

There – I knew he was a fine fellow.

So he is coming to tea tomorrow. And we can try out the Improver. At last, my mission is taking off! Maybe I’ll get Space Explorer Level One! The day went downhill from there.

First, there was my lunch box, full of the usual zardles and ming. I usually eat it quickly so no one sees it, and I can’t swap with anybody else because Papa says my stomachs can’t digest Earth food. The last thing I want is to have to use the toilet.

I asked Carmel what was in his sandwich and he said “chicken”.

“But that’s a creature.”

“Of course a chicken’s a creature. Where have you lived all your life? Another planet?”

So there it is. Earthlings eat all those Earth animals we studied at home and thought were their pets: cows, pigs, lambs, chickens, dogs, cats, beetles, salmon, monkeys, dear little clever flies. Everything.

I had to go home early, I felt so sick.

“I know it’s a shock,” said Mama. She was trying to work one of the new kitchen furnitures that’s for washing things. She had put the cups and saucers in it, but it didn’t sound right to me. Pluke and I stood for a while staring through the little window on the front of it while all the things inside whirled round and round, smashing into bits.

nasty stygg beak nebb spitting fellow alle tiders kar digest fordøye creature levende skapning whirled snurret

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atrocious grusomme habits vaner

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lesser species her: primitiv art

”Maybe the machine sticks them all together again once they’re nice and clean,” Mama said, frowning an Earth frown.

“Anyway, please don’t tell Farteeta about eating the pets. We must try to be understanding of atrocious Earthling habits.

They are very simple creatures, I’m afraid.”

But they poo in their own houses and they eat their pets?

How can we possibly Improve them when they’ve got so far to go?

But perhaps the Improver will save Susan from being an Earthling and make him nearly as clever and useful as one of our lesser species and then we can take him home to be our slave – which will be great for us and even better for him, of course.

Pluke and me – what we really look like.

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STOP THINK

Which human habits need to be improved?

Do you agree?

muttering mumle ear trumpet hørerør going on about gnålte videre specimens prøveeksemplarer

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Meanwhile, Bert and Papa were still muttering darkly upstairs.

I crept up and put my ear trumpet – switched to full volume – to the door. Papa was going on about getting enough specimens before “They get here.” Who are They?

Then I heard him ask, “Do you think it really is Them? How could the Secretive Services have made such a big mistake?

How bad could it get?”

To which Bert replied, “As bad as anything since the Big Bang.” Great.

Yours till the end of time, which may be sooner than we think.

Flowk

Mission Earth: Day Seven Saturday

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Dear Rok, The big day today. Susan came to tea. I bet you think it went well. Think again, Rok, think again ...

After reading

Who is writing this letter? Where does he come from?

Look at the drawing on page 122. Describe Flowk.

Which skills make him different from the other kids?

What does he think about life on Earth?

What doesn’t he understand about life on Earth?

What can Flowk do, that humans can’t?

How does Susan react when he invites her to tea What is he going to do to Susan when she comes for tea?

Who do you think Papa and Bert are talking about in the last part of the story?

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a b c d e f g h i

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Ros Asquith

BUS STOP

Talk about it! a What kind of games do you think Flowk would enjoy? b How do you think his letters reach the planet Faa? c What do you think humans can do better than aliens or machines or robots?

Wor k book 3 :43 — 3 : 4 5

123

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4 Let’s Read!

In this chapter, I will

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• read and talk about different types of texts.

• use different reading strategies.

• write texts inspired by what you read.

• use idioms, adjectives and adverbs.

Talk about it! a Do you recognise any of the stories in the picture? b Look at the picture. What do you think is fact, and what is fiction? c What do you prefer to read? Why? d Look through this chapter and find: • an idiom.

• a story that takes place in Jamaica.

• the name of a famous play.

• examples of characters who go against their parents’ wishes.

Wor k book 4 :1 — 4 : 2

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Before reading Would you like to be a cartoonist?

Give reasons for your answer.

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Zits

A young boy asks Jim Borgman on the Zits homepage how to become a cartoonist.

zits kviser argue krangle dutiful pliktoppfyllende rude frekk

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Hello. I am thirteen years old and really enjoy reading the Zits comic strip in the Toronto Star. I love to cartoon, and I aspire to be a cartoonist. Can I ask where you got your training to become a professional cartoonist?

Jacob

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Hi Jacob.

For me the best teacher was my sketchbook, which became my training ground as I tried many styles.

Study the work of other cartoonists you love. Try to get your work out in public somehow, either through a school newspaper or on a website. Fill up sketchbooks. Create characters and stories. Follow your curiosity.

Best, Jim Borgman

After reading a Which words best describe the teenager in the house: dutiful, rude, charming, lazy, disrespectful or helpful? b What do parents and teenagers often argue about? c Act out the dialogue.

Talk about it!

Make up a new dialogue between a parent and a teenager.

Act out the scene.

Wor k book 4 :3 — 4 : 4

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Before reading Scan the first page of the text. Who are the main characters in this story?

Fortunately, the Milk Mum had gone off to a conference, and dad was supposed to look after their two children. He wasn’t doing too badly, but he forgot to get milk for their breakfast, and he wanted milk for his tea. So he went to the corner shop to get some. The children waited for ages ...

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“How long has he been?” asked my sister.

“Ages,” I said.

“I thought so,” said my little sister.

We drank orange juice. My sister practised her violin.

I suggested that she stop playing her violin, and she did.

My sister made faces at me.

“How long has it been now?” she asked.

“Ages and ages,” I told her.

“What happens if he never comes back?” she asked.

“I suppose we eat the pickles,” I said.

was supposed to skulle corner shop nærbutikk for ages i evigheter, kjempelenge made faces gjorde grimaser

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pickles sylteagurker awful forferdelig blame skylde på expect regner med ran into møtte lost track of time glemte tida Toastio type frokostblanding thump dunk

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“You can’t eat pickles for breakfast,” said my sister. “And I don’t like pickles at any time. What if something awful has happened to him? Mum would blame us.”

“I expect he just ran into one of his friends at the corner shop,” I said, “and they got talking and he lost track of time.”

I ate a dry Toastio as an experiment. It was sort of OK, but not as good as in milk.

There was a thump and a bang at the front door, and my father came in.

“Where have you been all this time?” asked my sister.

“Ah,” said my father. “Um. Yes. Well, funny you should ask me that.”

“You ran into someone you knew,” I said, “and you lost track of time.”

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paper avis odd rart above over disc tallerken hovering svevende beam stråle visible synlig coat jakke

After reading a b c d e f g

Neil Gaiman, illustrated by Chris Riddell

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far away langt av gårde

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brief kort

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indeed virkelig

“I bought the milk,” said my father. “And I did indeed say a brief hello to Mister Ronson from over the road, who was buying a paper. I walked out of the corner shop, and heard something odd that seemed to be coming from above me.

It was a noise like this: thumm-thumm.

I looked up and saw a huge silver disc hovering in the air above Marshall Road.

Hullo, I said to myself. That’s not something you see every day. And then something odd happened.”

“That wasn’t odd?” I asked.

“Well, something odder,” said my dad.

“The odd thing was the beam of light that came out of the disc – a glittery, shimmery beam of light that was visible even in the daylight. And the next thing I knew, I was being sucked up into the disc. Fortunately, I had put the milk into my coat pocket.

The deck of the disc was metal. It was as big as a playing field, or bigger.

“We have come to your planet from a world very far away,” said the people in the disc ...

Why was dad looking after the children?

Why was there no milk for breakfast?

What happened to their father on the way back from the store?

What do you think happened to dad inside the disc?

If he made this up, why did he do that?

Why do you think some words are marked in cursive in the text?

Which parts of dad’s story sound true? Which parts are harder to believe?

Talk about it! a What kind of stories do parents sometimes make their kids believe? b Do you believe in aliens and UFOs? Give reasons for your answer.

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Wo r k bo o k 4 :5 — 4 : 8

Idioms

Before reading

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something fishy is going on hit the nail on the head have a heart of gold hold your tongue bark up the wrong tree a piece of cake a frog in my throat put your foot in it he’s off his rocker cutting corners hang in there that’s the last straw let the cat out of the bag

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Idioms are phrases that makes language more varied and interesting. Instead of just saying “I am hungry”, you can say “I could eat a horse”. Most likely, a sandwich or hamburger would be enough. You are not really planning on eating a horse!

Some idioms are the same or similar in different languages.

In Portuguese and Spanish you would say “I could eat an ox”, not a horse.

If a friend says that “cycling is a piece of cake”, what is she actually saying?

Talk about it! a Read the English idioms. What could you say in Norwegian?

Do you have examples from other languages you know? b Why is it difficult to learn idioms and expressions in a new language? c Sometimes we use emojis to replace idioms. Which emoji would you use to say that you are hungry, thankful, busy or sorry?

Wor k book 4 :9 — 4 : 1 1

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Sentence Structure (setningsanalyse) LANGUAGE WORK

Subject – Verb Words have different jobs in a sentence. They describe actions and who or what is doing them.

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Zoom sleeps in his cave.

Zoom snores.

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Start analysing sentences by finding the word that describes the action. Now you have found the verb.

Then ask who or what is doing it. Now you have found the subject.

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What is the verb in the sentence? sleeps = verb Who sleeps? Zoom = subject What is the verb in the sentence? snores = verb Who snores? Zoom = subject

TASK Find the verb and subject in these sentences: The plant grows quickly.

James always wins at tennis.

My parents normally pay for lunch.

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Subject – Verb – Object The girls feed the cat every day.

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V

O

What is the verb in the sentence? feed = verb Who feed? the girls = subject

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Who do the girls feed? the cat = object

The cat feeds the girls every day.

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O

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S

TASK a Use the same type of questions to analyse the second sentence. b Find the subject, verb and object in these sentences: I met the Queen.

The children follow the rules.

The band played our song.

Wor k book 4 :12 — 4 : 1 4

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Before reading

Desert Post, April 2021

Skim the first part of the text. What do you think it is about? What kind of text is it?

imported importert huge enormt store areas områder

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desert ørken means of transportation framkomstmiddel hump pukkel railways jernbaner trucks lastebiler

World's Largest Camel Herd Is in Australia

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turned loose sluppet løs the outback villmarka

environmentalists miljøforkjempere amounts mengder scarce knapp

By Jen Browning

The first camels were

more than 40 miles a day.

imported to Australia from

Most of them are

the Canary Islands in 1840.

dromedaries which have

Later, they were also

only one hump, but there

imported from Arabia,

are also camels, which

damage skade

India and Afghanistan. The

have two humps.

explorer oppdager

huge areas of Australia

opinions meninger

with a lot of desert make

trucks took over

differ varierer

the camels the ideal means

transportation, the camels

government regjering

of transportation. Camels

were no longer needed,

waste her: sløsing

can go for days without

and they were turned loose

meat kjøtt

water, and they can travel

in the outback. They have

environment miljø

gallon ca. 4,5 liter livestock buskap

beef storfekjøtt cattle kveg

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destroyed ødelagt

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thrived trivdes

When railways and

thrived, and there are now

kangaroos, no emus, no

more than a million of

small birds, no reptiles,”

them across the country.

says ranch owner Lyndee

Many farmers and

Severin.

environmentalists find they

So, what should be done? Opinions differ. The

problem. They drink

government has suggested

enormous amounts of

that animals be shot to

water, which is a scarce

reduce their numbers.

resource, and they eat the

Thousands were shot and

vegetation. Many

left to rot in the wilderness.

Aborigines also find that

Others think this is cruel

their environment is being

and a waste of resources.

After reading

destroyed by the camels.

Businesses have been set

“One of the biggest

up to export live camels

a Choose five words from the glossary.

Find the words in the text and re-read the sentences. b Give five facts about camels in Australia. c What problems are camels causing? d What do you think is the best way to reduce the number of camels? Give reasons for your answer. e How do you think Australian camels will cope with climate change?

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have become a huge

problems is that they drink large amounts of water.

and also to produce meat.

“There’s no difference

between camel and beef, in

a time and cause millions

fact a lot of people who

of pounds worth of damage

live on camel like we do,

to farms and waterholes

prefer it to beef,” says Ian

which are used to water

Conway, who also runs a

livestock. They also drink

cattle ranch.

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They gulp down gallons at

dry waterholes belonging

So, what should be

to the Aborigines,” says

done? The debate will

explorer and writer Simon

continue. ෮

Reeve in a BBC interview.

“If they destroy the trees and eat the grass, then there will be no

Wor k book 4 :15 — 4 : 1 9

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broad bred pleasant pen, behagelig stream bekk flowing flyter were wrecked havarerte my mind was made up jeg hadde bestemt meg

STOP THINK

My name is Robinson Crusoe. I was born in 1632 in the old city of York, in England, where there is a broad river with ships coming and going.

When I was a little boy, I spent much of my time looking at the river. How pleasant was the quiet stream, flowing, always flowing, toward the far-away sea!

I did not wish to stay in York all my life. I wanted to see the world. I would be a sailor and nothing else.

My mother was very sad when I told her.

A sailor’s life, she said, was a hard life. There were many storms at sea, and ships were often wrecked.

She told me, too, that there were great fishes in the sea, and that they would eat me up if I fell into the water.

Then she gave me a cake and kissed me. “How much safer it is to be at home!” she said.

But I would not listen to her. My mind was made up, and a sailor I would be.

When I was eighteen years old, I left my pleasant home and went to sea.

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Should children listen to their parents?

Robinson Crusoe

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How would you survive on a desert island?

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Before reading

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Wo r k bo o k 0 :0 — 0 : 0

Robinson becomes a sailor and goes to sea. Every time he comes home to York, he soon longs for the sea again, and he joins a new ship crew.

STOP THINK

Why did Robinson Crusoe feel he was doing something foolish?

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It was just eight years to the day since I had left my father and mother and my pleasant home in good old York. I felt that I was doing a foolish thing; but I did not dare to say so. Soon we were out to sea.

For several days the weather was fine. The ship sped swiftly on her way, and everyone was happy and hopeful.

Then a great storm came up from the southeast. I had seen many a fierce storm, but never one as terrible as this.

We could do nothing but let the ship drive before the wind.

Day after day, we were tossed around by the waves; and day after day, we expected the ship to go down.

The storm grew fiercer and fiercer.

Early the next morning a sailor cried out, “Land! Land!”

I ran out of the cabin to look. But at that very moment the ship struck upon a great bank of sand over which the fierce sea was rolling.

Then, all at once, a huge wave overset the boat. We had no time to speak or think. We were thrown out into the raging sea.

We were swallowed up by the waves.

I Am Shipwrecked

I swam, I ran. I held on to the rocks. Then another great wave came and lifted me high up on the shore.

In another moment, I was safe on dry land. (...)

I began to look around me, to see what kind of place I was in.

“Where shall I go?” I asked myself. “What shall I do?”

My clothes were still wet. I could dry them only by sitting in the sun.

I had nothing to eat or drink.

I had nothing about me but a knife.

foolish tåpelig did not dare turte ikke swiftly raskt fierce voldsom tossed around kastet hit og dit overset kantret raging rasende swallowed up svelget shipwrecked forlist

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STOP THINK

Why do you think Robinson cries?

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How could I live on this strange shore without shelter and without food?

The thought of this made me almost wild. I ran this way and that, like a madman.

Then I sat down and cried like a child.

I never felt as lonely as I was at that moment. I never felt so helpless and lost.

Soon I saw that night was coming on.

I thought, “What if there are wild beasts in the woods? They will come out in the darkness and find me here. And then how can I save myself from them?”

A little way from the shore, I saw a tree. It stood all alone, with no other trees near it.

It was thick and bushy, with long thorns on its branches.

I walked out to look at it.

To my great joy I found a spring of fresh water bubbling out from among its roots.

I knelt down and took a long drink, for I was very thirsty.

Then I climbed up into the tree.

The branches grew very close together. I found a place where I could rest, half sitting and half lying, with no danger of falling.

With my pocket knife, I cut a strong stick about two feet long. This would be my weapon if any beast should find me in the night.

It was now quite dark. The only sound that I could hear was that of the waves breaking against the shore.

It seemed so good to be on dry land that I forgot every danger. I was so tired that I soon fell asleep.

Never have I slept more soundly.

Adapted from Daniel Defoe: Robinson Crusoe

shore strand shelter ly beasts dyr spring kilde weapon våpen breaking her: bryte danger fare soundly dypt

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After reading Why does Robinson want to become a sailor?

What does Robinson’s mother think of him becoming a sailor?

What dramatic event happens to Robinson?

How does Robinson feel after the shipwreck? What is he worried about?

What was the only thing he had taken to the island with him? How could this be useful?

What very important thing does he find on the island?

What do you think will happen to Robinson?

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Role-play a scene in which Robinson’s mother tries to persuade him not to become a sailor.

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Wo r k bo o k 4 :20 — 4 : 24

Before reading

nest reir

Children often ask many questions.

Do you have an example of questions children ask?

rest hvil missing savnet light tenne på lightning lyn

I Wonder

clouds skyer suppose anta

Who taught the birds to build a nest, And told the trees to take a rest?

O, when the moon is not quite round, Where can the missing bit be found?

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Who lights the stars, when they blow out, And makes the lightning flash about?

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I wonder why the grass is green, And why the wind is never seen?

Who paints the rainbow in the sky, And hangs the fluffy clouds so high?

Jeanne Kirby

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Why is it now, do you suppose, That Dad won’t tell me, if he knows?

After reading a Every two lines is a question. Can you find an answer?

How would you answer this child? b All the questions are about nature. Why do we often wonder about nature and everything we can see there? Or smell?

Or hear? c The last question is not about nature. What does the child ask?

What do yo think is the answer?

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Summary WRITE

A summary • gives a short description of the most important events in a story.

• retells the most important facts in a factual text.

• answers the questions: Who? What? Why? Where?

When? How? • does not include your opinion.

Summary of a factual text

Type of text (novel, short story, song) The author’s name What the text is about, in just one sentence

Type of text, (news article, interview, encyclopedia entry) The source of the text What the text is about, in just one sentence

Go straight to the main points: Characters Setting Plot Development

Retell the most important facts.

Sum up the main ideas.

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Summary of fiction

Example: Fiction

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Both: Use linking words and phrases to make the text more interesting.

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Robinson Crusoe is a novel by Daniel Defoe. The story is about a young sailor who is shipwrecked and has to survive on a desert island.

The story starts when Robinson Crusoe wants to become a sailor and see the world. His parents don’t want him to go, but he leaves anyway.

Unfortunately, the ship goes down during a storm. He ends up alone on a desert island. In the beginning, he is scared. As time passes, he finds ways to survive. He manages to build a small home and hunt for food.

After many years he meets another person, who becomes his servant.

At the end of the story, he is saved by a passing ship.

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Example: Factual text

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“World’s Largest Camel Herd Is in Australia” is a news article by Jen Browning for the Desert Post. The text explains why there are camels in Australia.

Camels were brought to Australia for transportation. There are many desert areas in Australia, and camels can go for days without water. When trains and trucks came, camels were no longer needed, and they were released into the wild. They quickly adapted to the Australian outback. Now, camels have become a big problem for other animals, ranchers and Aborigines who live in the same areas.

There is a big debate in Australia about what they should do with the camels.

Some want to shoot them, others want to export them.

TASK

Examples of factual texts: Famous Failures Young Outstanding Australians The Fastest Growing Sport in the World The Water Cycle Fresh Water Australia’s Great Barrier Reef Optical Illusions The Bermuda Triangle

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Examples of fictional texts: People Need People Journey to Jo’Burg Letters From an Alien Schoolboy A Titanic Survivor When Life Gives You Mangos Romeo and Juliet The Fingerprint Awful Auntie

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Choose a text from Quest 7 and write a summary.

Giving feedback Two stars and a wish I like that you used the word ...

I am impressed that you know how to ...

I would like to know more about ...

Wor k book 4 :25 — 4 : 2 7

143

Before reading Jac kT ha ye r

Skim read the text. Give reasons why this could be a diary.

A Titanic Survivor

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How do you think the passengers on the Titanic felt the night when the great ship sank in the icy cold water?

What happened before and after the ship hit the iceberg? Shelley Tanaka is an award-winning children’s author. She has written the book On Board the Titanic which tells the true story of two of the survivors, Jack Thayer and Harold Bride.

This excerpt tells part of the story of Jack Thayer.

Jack Thayer stared up from the pier at the gleaming black side of the Titanic. If he stretched his neck, he could just see the top of one of the ship’s four huge funnels. All morning he had been listening to people talk about the world’s biggest ship.

At the end of the gangway that led into the ship, a man in a green jacket offered him a white carnation. Jack was puzzled.

“For your buttonhole, sir,” the steward said. Jack took the flower and tried to put it in his lapel.

“Jack! Get a move on! Other people are waiting.”

He turned to see his mother and father, waving him ahead.

Behind them, other passengers were waiting to get on board.

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STOP THINK

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Wednesday, April 10, 1912, 10:30 a.m.

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What do you think Jack will do on this luxury ship?

survivors overlevende

award-winning prisvinnende excerpt utdrag stared stirret funnels piper carnation nellik steward stuert

Sunday, April 14, 1912, 6:00 p.m.

lapel jakkeslag

The sun warmed Jack’s face as he gazed over the railing at the calm, blue Atlantic. His mother and Mrs Widener sat in deck chairs beside him, their legs wrapped in green blankets.

After four days, Jack felt that he had finally explored the

gazed stirret wrapped in pakket inn i blankets tepper

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STOP THINK

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whole ship. He had been in the pool every day and had even tried out the Turkish bath. He had played squash. He had eaten two desserts at every meal.

Mrs Thayer tucked her blanket around her knees. “Brrr. It’s getting very cold.” Jack saw that Mr Ismay, the president of the White Star Line, the company which owned the Titanic, had joined them.

“As a matter of fact, the captain handed me a telegram earlier,” Mr Ismay said. “We’re near ice.” He took a piece of paper out of his pocket and waved it at the ladies. “We should reach it this evening.”

“Ice in April?” Jack asked. “Does this mean we won’t arrive in New York on schedule?”

“Not at all,” Mr Ismay said. “We’re making excellent time.

A record run yesterday. We’re going to start up some new boilers this evening. In fact, I expect we’ll reach New York early and surprise everyone.”

Is there anything in the text that warns us about the catastrophe?

Turkish bath badstu tucked tullet inn on schedule her: i rute

Inside his stateroom, Jack pulled on his pajamas. Jack wound his watch. It was 11.40 p.m. He pulled down the crisp white sheets of his bed and turned out the light.

Just as he began to climb into bed, the ship swayed slightly.

The movement was so small that Jack almost thought he had imagined it. Then the engines stopped. Then he heard running footsteps and muffled voices out in the hallway.

“I’m going out on deck to see the fun,” he called to his parents.

“I’m putting on my clothes now, son,” Mr Thayer replied.

“I’ll be right up to join you.”

Up ahead, Jack saw Mr Andrews. “Let’s ask him,” Jack said.

“He’ll know what’s going on.”

Mr Andrews spoke in a low voice. “We have struck an iceberg. I’m afraid that the ship has not much more than an hour to live.”

boilers her: kjeler

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Sunday, April 14, 1912, 11:30 p.m.

expect forventer reach nå stateroom kabinen wound trakk opp swayed slightly krenget lett muffled dempede replied svarte struck truffet

STOP THINK

What would you have done now if you were Jack?

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stern akterende

Monday, April 15, 1912, 2:00 a.m.

tilted tippet

Jack Thayer and Milton Long stood together on the Titanic’s deck. The stern of the ship was tilted up out of the sea. The bow was covered with water, and inch by inch it crept higher and higher. Nearby, hundreds of people watched the lifeboats being loaded.

There was not much noise. Jack saw a father say goodbye to his two young sons. He kissed the older boy before thrusting him into the arms of a sailor who was waiting in a lifeboat. Then the father picked up the smaller boy. The man hugged his son and dropped him into the arms of a passenger in the boat. When he stepped back into the crowd, his face was so sad that Jack couldn’t bear to look at it.

Farther down the deck was a man in an evening suit and an elderly steward. They seemed to be tangled up in a pile of deck chairs and rope.

“They’re tying chairs together.” As Milton said this, the old steward picked up a couple of chairs and heaved them overboard. The chairs floated gently on the glassy water.

Jack felt the back of his neck prickle with fear. What he had known in his heart for the past hour was suddenly very clear.

They would never get in a lifeboat. There simply weren’t enough. The floating chairs were makeshift rafts. They would be something to grab on to when the time came to jump.

And that time was now. The ship’s bow slowly began to slide into the water. From inside the ship came a rumbling sound, like the roar of an express train passing over a steel bridge.

“This is it, Jack,” Milton said, holding out his hand.

“I’ll be right with you,” Jack said. He didn’t want to say goodbye. “Good luck.”

Milton let go. Then Jack, with a push of his arms, jumped into the sea.

The icy cold water went through his skin like a knife. The ocean pulled him down and down. Jack used every ounce of his strength to struggle back to the surface.

bow baug loaded fylt opp farther lenger thrusting dyttet couldn’t bear orket ikke suit dress tangled up viklet inn i pile haug

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heaved heiv glassy glassaktig his neck prickled with fear her: hårene reiser seg på hodet makeshift provisoriske rafts flåter

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to grab on to å ta tak i

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express train hurtigtog every ounce of his strength her: all sin styrke struggle kjempe

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surface overflate

STOP THINK

What do you think will happen to Jack?

146

se m pl ar ek rd er in gs Vu The shipwreck of the Titanic.

147

Monday, April 15, 1912, 3:30 a.m.

overturned veltede exhausted utslitte capsized kantrede to the rescue til unnsetning rope ladder taustige crowded overfylt eventually til slutt

Jack Thayer sat down on the overturned lifeboat. About two dozen exhausted men were around him on the capsized boat.

Would any of them ever see their families and friends again?

“Look!” someone shouted.

On the horizon was a light. Jack stared.

It was a ship. She was coming to the rescue.

throughout gjennom insisted insisterte

Monday, April 15, 1912, 8:30 a.m.

He climbed up the rope ladder and felt the solid deck of Carpathia under his feet. The deck was crowded with people.

A woman handed him a blanket. Someone else offered him a cup of hot soup.

Jack looked around. Where were his parents?

“Jack!”

He looked up and ran to his mother.

“They said this was the last boat to come in. I was beginning to give up hope.” She looked around desperately.

“Where’s your father?”

Jacks’ heart sank. He shook his head. Then he and his mother fell into each other’s arms and cried.

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proved right bevist at han hadde rett

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Jack Thayer went to university and had a successful career in banking. He eventually married and had children. Throughout his life, Jack insisted that he had seen the Titanic break in two on the night of the sinking. He was proved right in 1985.

Shortened and adapted from On Board the Titanic by Shelley Tanaka

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After reading

Illustrations showing the sinking of the Titanic, sketched by survivor John B Thayer Jr (known as Jack). Date: 1912

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a How did Jack realise that something was wrong with the ship? b Which part of the story do you think was the hardest for Jack to experience? c Now that you have read the text, do you agree that it is a diary? Why or why not?

Talk about it!

Make a title for each entry. The first entry could be called “Entering the ship”.

Wor k book 4 :28 — 4 : 3 2

149

Skim this text. What kind of text is this?

How do you know?

directed regissert released utgitt main actors hovedrolleinnehaverne maiden voyage jomfrutur fiancé forlovede

The film is directed by James Cameron. It was released in 1997 and in 3D in 2012. The main actors are Kate Winslet and Leonardo DiCaprio. It is a romantic drama film.

The story takes place in April 1912. The Titanic was on its maiden voyage when it hit an iceberg and sank into the deep and icy cold water of the Atlantic Ocean.

The main characters of the film are Rose and Jack, who meet for the first time on board the ship. Other important characters are Rose’s fiancé, Caledon and Jack’s friend, Fabrizio.

The film begins with the Titanic leaving the port of Southampton. We see men, women and children from all

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port havn

Titanic: The Movie that Touched the World

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Before reading

Kate Winslet as Rose and Leonardo DiCaprio as Jack in the Oscar-winning film Titanic from 1997.

This is perhaps the most famous scene in the film when Jack takes Rose to the very bow of the ship.

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quay kai event hendelse shift skifte present time nåtiden mini-submarines miniubåter wreck vrak treasure hunter skattejeger sketch skisse doomed her: fortapte fateful skjebnesvangre fictional oppdiktet

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classes on the boat, smiling and waving goodbye to their family and friends. People on the quay are looking up at the enormous ship and waving back. Cameramen are filming the big event. Then there is a shift to the present time, and we see the deep, dark sea. We see two mini-submarines and we understand that they have found the wreck of the Titanic.

A treasure hunter is looking for a necklace called the Heart of the Ocean. He does not find it but he finds a sketch of a naked woman wearing the necklace. A woman sees the treasure hunter on the news and contacts him. She tells him that she is Rose, the woman in the picture. She begins telling her story about what happened on the doomed ship that fateful night in April.

I really liked the film. I think it was exciting because you know the story is true, even though the love story between Rose and Jack is fictional. It was also a tragic film. I am impressed by the many details which show what life on the ship was actually like, and the class differences between the passengers in first class and third class. The film has won 11 Oscars and many other film awards, and is one of the bestselling films of all times. It is also called, “One of the World’s most Famous Love Stories”. Millvina Dean, the last survivor of the sinking of the Titanic, was the inspiration for the movie.

This film is a family film and I will recommend it for people from the age of 12.

impressed imponert awards priser survivor overlevende

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rd er in gs

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recommend anbefale

Sure, sir, the ship’s sure shipshape, sir.

Talk about it! a Would you like to watch the film Titanic? Why? Why not? b Why do you think that we are still fascinated by the story of the Titanic?

Millions have watched the film, though we all knew the ending. List four reasons and compare them with a partner. c Can you give an example of another film based on an authentic story?

What happened? Did you like the film? Why, or why not?

Wor k book 4 :33 — 4 : 3 6

151

LANGUAGE WORK

Adjectives and Adverbs (adjektiv og adverb) Adjectives are used to describe a noun.

We come from a different planet.

Her face turned a nasty colour.

Susan’s visit was a total disaster.

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Adverbs are used to describe a verb (how something is done).

We do things differently on our planet.

Now, listen carefully, young man!

The children waited patiently in the kitchen.

The pupil didn’t answer correctly.

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Adverbs are also used to describe an adjective or another adverb.

Jack woke up unusually early.

Camel meat tastes surprisingly good.

Susan’s visit went totally wrong.

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Many adverbs are made by adding -ly to an adjective: quick – quickly clear – clearly happy – happily angry – angrily unusual – unusually

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-ly

Remember: good – well He told a good story. He told the story well.

Watch out!

TASK Adjective or adverb?

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It rains (heavy/heavily) in Bergen.

It was a (heavy/heavily) rain shower.

Clara is (happy/happily).

He smiled (happy/happily).

This is an (easy/easily) test.

He can (easy/easily) do it.

I am a (careful/carefully) person.

I read the instructions (careful/carefully).

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Hardly has a different meaning: She hardly works.

Hun jobber nesten aldri.

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Some adjectives and adverbs are the same: hard – hard fast – fast This is hard work. (adjective) Dette er hardt arbeid.

She works hard. (adverb) Hun jobber hardt.

Zoom sang happily.

Zoom performed well.

Zoom is reading eagerly.

Wor k book 4 :37 — 4 : 4 0

153

Before reading Read the blurb. Would you like to read this book? Why, or why not?

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When Life Gives You Mangos

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blurb vaskeseddel/ baksidetekst

courage mot

face the truth se sannheten i øynene toughest tøffeste, vanskeligste celebration feiring

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island life øylivet

hideout gjemmested excerpt utdrag

arrival ankomst, nyankommet person buns her: hårknuter celebrity kjendis heading up være på vei oppover buzzing full av liv excitement spenning edge of the road veikanten

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Clara Dee-Henson is twelve years old and lives in Jamaica, the small island that many tourists think is exotic. She loves eating ripe mangos off the ground, running in the rain with her papa and going to her secret hideout with Gaynah – even though Gaynah is not acting like a best friend lately.

In this excerpt, Clara tells us about a new arrival.

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previous forrige

ripe moden

Blurb: A small village on a Jamaican island. A girl who doesn’t remember the previous summer. A best friend who is no longer acting like one; a new girl who fills that hole in her heart. A summer of finding fallen mangos, creating made-up games and dancing in the rain. Secrets she keeps from others ... and herself. The courage to face the truth even in the toughest of storms. Inspired by the author’s childhood, the book is a celebration of island life.

There is a new girl arriving in Sycamore. Her hair is in two Afro buns with big, white bows, and she is wearing cat’s-eye sunglasses, like a celebrity. That’s according to Gaynah. I haven’t seen her yet, but Gaynah says she saw her get off the city bus by the traffic circle with a woman that looked like her mother, and they are heading up the hill.

The entire village is buzzing. This is the most excitement we have ever had, and no one wants to miss seeing it for themselves.

Within minutes, all the kids are gathered at the edge of the road, waiting for the new girl. Everyone is speculating on why she is here and what might be wrong with her.

se m pl ar ek rd er in gs

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New people don’t come to Sycamore. Not since the witchdoctor episode. The last time someone new came here, it was two tourists with video cameras. They were driving to the Bob Marley museum and got lost. (...)

The new girl would be the second stranger to ever venture up Sycamore Hill in the last year. And no one can stop talking about it. If this is true and a girl really is coming here, then it could change our entire summer.

Nothing exciting ever happens here. Some of the adults pick fruits from the fields to sell, while some work out of town in the big hotels. A few, like Papa, go fishing early in the morning. If they catch anything, they sell it at the market in town. I used to go with him to catch an early surf. Now that I don’t surf anymore, there’s not much to do except laze around by the river and play a few games. Most days, though, this is what we do. Sit around waiting for something to do.

witch-doctor heksedoktor venture begi seg entire hele catch an early surf dra tidlig ut og surfe laze around late seg

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se m pl ar ek rd er in gs Vu alien fremmed, romvesen

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That’s why a new girl has us all excited. Where is she from?

Why is she here? Is she real or is she an alien? Gaynah said she saw an alien once down by Mrs Gee’s guava tree. The alien had eight legs and three eyes and told her not to tell anyone because humans might hurt her. Of course, Gaynah being Gaynah, she told everyone she saw.

straigthened rettet ut reverted vendt tilbake til

After reading

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Excerpt from When Life Gives You Mangos by Kereen Getten

curly bangs krøllete pannelugg

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“Are you sure she’s real, this girl?” I ask, pushing away the curly bangs I thought were a good idea this morning. Gaynah’s big brown eyes widen with shock that I could ever question her. She flicks her long, straightened hair, which will have reverted to curly by the end of the day.

It’s not that I don’t believe there could be a new girl. It’s just that Gaynah has a way of being in the middle of every drama on the hill. Usually, the drama has already happened by the time she tells us, so we never actually get to witness it. The girl could be real – chances are, she isn’t – but it’s summer and we have nothing else to do.

It would be nice to have someone new. Maybe this new girl will know some new games we can play, or have stories about where she came from. Maybe she will speak a different language or have a talent she can teach us. I get a little excited thinking of the possibilities.

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a What is life like for adults and children in Sycamore? b What would you enjoy doing if you visited there? c What makes Gaynah a good friend? What makes her a bad friend? d How do you think the new girl feels about coming to Sycamore?

Talk about it! a How can the arrival of a new girl – or boy – mean new possibilities? Find examples in the text and add ideas of your own. b Many people are afraid of new things and new people.

How would such a person think about a new arrival?

Discuss with a partner.

Wor k book 4 :41 — 4 : 4 4

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Before reading

England’s Most Famous Writer Portrait of William Shakespeare (1564–1616)

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Skim read the text and find the names of Shakespeare’s most famous plays.

William Shakespeare

regarded betraktet writers forfattere poet dikter playwright skuespillforfatter actor skuespiller translated oversatt major language stort språk performed framført among blant

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William Shakespeare is regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language.

Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon in England. He was a poet, a playwright and an actor. He lived and worked in London, but often set his plays in other countries.

Did you know that Shakespeare’s plays have been translated to every major language around the world and that his plays are performed more often than any other playwright’s? Among his most famous plays are Hamlet, Macbeth, Julius Caesar,

The Merchant of Venice, The Tempest, Henry IV, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, King Lear and Romeo and Juliet.

Without knowing it, you may have used words or phrases first coined by Shakespeare. He liked to play with words and make up new phrases, and many of them have become common in the English language.

the Tempest Stormen first coined først brukt common vanlig

After reading

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a Where was Shakespeare born? Find the town on a map. b Which language did he use? c Why do you think he is called England’s national poet?

Talk about it!

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a Which of the words and phrases in the list have you heard before? Have you used any of them yourself? b Do you know of any national poets from other countries?

“What’s done is done” (Macbeth) It is done, and there is no going back. You must simply deal with the consequences.

“Fair play” (The Tempest) Follow the rules, especially in competitions or sports.

“It’s Greek to me” (Julius Caesar) When you say, “it’s Greek to me,” you are admitting that you do not know or understand something.

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“Come what come may” (Macbeth) Whatever is going to happen is going to happen. You accept that fact.

“Too much of a good thing” (As You Like It) Even good things can be bad in excess.

“Wild-goose chase” (Romeo and Juliet) A useless search for something which you will never find.

“We have seen better days” (As You Like It) We are in poor condition, worn out.

“I have not slept one wink” (Cymbeline) I did not sleep at all.

Wor k book 4 :45 — 4 : 4 6

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Before reading What does it mean to be heartbroken? How do you think it feels?

Romeo and Juliet – Two Teenagers in Love Act 1 (Narrator enters stage)

Friar Lawrence Prince Escalus

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(Romeo and Juliet leave the stage)

Narrator: One day there is a big fight between some of the servants of the two houses.

(Narrator leaves. Servant 1, 2, 3 and 4 enter) Servant 1: The Montagues are the best people.

Servant 2: No, you are wrong. The Capulets are the best!

Servant 3: Oh yeah, really?

Servant 4: Oh yes! Our master is kind and brave and ...

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Lord and Lady Capulet Juliet Juliet’s servant Paris Tybalt the Capulet servants

Narrator: Many years ago, in Verona, Italy, there lived two noble families who hated each other and had fought for years: the Montagues and the Capulets. From the masters of the house to the servants, they would all get into terrible fights with each other. Montague had only one son, Romeo (Romeo enters), and Capulet had only one daughter, Juliet (Juliet enters).

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Characters: Lord Montague Lady Montague Romeo Balthasar Benvolio Mercutio the Montague servants

(The servants get into a fight, Prince Escalus enters) Prince Escalus: Stop this fight right away! I am Prince Escalus, the ruler of Verona! I command you to stop this fight. If I ever catch either of the families involved in a fight again, I’ll make sure you pay with your lives.

(The servants, looking really scared, leave the stage)

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(Narrator enters)

narrator forteller noble edle

Narrator: So, for a while, both families live in peace. After a while, Lord Capulet decides that he wants to have a party at his house. He invites many guests, among them a man named Paris, who is in love with Juliet. Romeo and his cousin Benvolio find out about the party.

masters her: herrene servants tjenere stage scene ruler hersker command kommandere either noen av

(Romeo and Benvolio enter)

make sure forsikre (meg) om decides bestemmer among blant

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Romeo: Oh, I’m so heartbroken. I can’t stop thinking about Rosaline. She was my first girlfriend and after she dumped me, I feel terrible.

Benvolio: Romeo, you need to meet a new girl. Hey, I’ve heard there is a party at the Capulet’s house tonight. Let’s go!

Romeo: I’m not sure. I’ve promised my dad not to get into a fight with the Capulets.

Benvolio: No one will notice us. It is a masquerade party.

We’ll put on some masks and no one will know who we are.

Romeo: It sounds fun ... OK, let’s go to the party!

heartbroken sønderknust masquerade party maskeradeball

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(Romeo and Benvolio walk around the stage. Lord Capulet, Paris and Juliet enter) Lord Capulet: So, Paris, I think the next dance is for you and my daughter Juliet.

Paris: You are so kind, sir, and your daughter is really beautiful.

Juliet: (Looking at Paris with distaste.) I think I’m a bit tired ...

Lord Capulet: Nonsense! Come on, dance!

(Paris and Juliet start dancing. Romeo and Benvolio watch them.)

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Romeo: Who is that beautiful girl? I must talk to her ... I must get to know her. I think I’m in love. I never thought I could have this feeling again.

suspiciously mistenksomt furious rasende spilt sølt keep away from hold (deg) unna towards mot except unntatt thoughtful tankefull

(Romeo goes over to Juliet and they start dancing. A servant enters the stage. He looks suspiciously at Romeo and Juliet who are dancing and laughing. He is furious when he realises that the man is Romeo. He points at Romeo and yells.)

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Servant 2: A Montague in this house? There is a Montague in the house!

(He runs towards Romeo with a knife in his hand.)

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Lord Capulet: Do not kill him! I don’t want any blood spilt in my house! But you ... (looking at Romeo). You keep away from my daughter!

Juliet (crying): He is a Montague?

Romeo (looking shocked): You are a Capulet?

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(Everybody leaves the stage, except for Juliet. She moves to the edge of the stage. Romeo enters again at the back of the stage. He looks thoughtful.)

Act 2 Juliet: O, Romeo, Romeo! Why do you have to be Romeo? Why couldn’t you be someone else? What is in a name? If we call a rose by another name, wouldn’t it still smell sweet?

(Romeo listens to Juliet and answers her.)

Romeo: Call me Love, or by any other name. From this time on, I shall never be Romeo again!

(They hug and leave the stage, hand in hand. Narrator enters.)

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se m pl ar ek rd er in gs Vu Sir Frank Dicksee (1853–1928): Romeo and Juliet, 1884 (oil on canvas)

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decide bestemme friar munk wedded wife/husband ektefelle banishes forviser making arrangements planlegger

Narrator: So the two lovers spend the whole night together trying to find out what to do. They decide to get married before anyone can stop them.

(Romeo, Juliet and Friar Lawrence enter. Juliet is holding flowers in her hand.)

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Friar Lawrence: Will you, Romeo, take Juliet to be your wedded wife?

Romeo: Yes, I will.

Friar Lawrence: Will you, Juliet, take Romeo to be your wedded husband?

Juliet: Yes, I will.

Act 3

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(They leave the stage, hand in hand. Narrator enters.)

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Narrator: Juliet’s cousin, Tybalt, finds out about the marriage and gets into a fight with Romeo. Romeo kills Tybalt. When Prince Escalus hears about the fight, he banishes Romeo from the city of Verona. Juliet is heartbroken, both because Romeo has to leave, but also because her father is making arrangements for her to marry Paris. She believes there is only one man who can help her.

(Narrator leaves the stage. Juliet and Friar Lawrence enters.)

Juliet: Oh, Friar, you must help me! Romeo is gone and my father wants me to marry Paris!

Friar Lawrence: My dear child, how terrible! But I think I have an idea. You go home and say to your father that you want to marry Paris ...

Juliet: But I don’t want to!

Friar Lawrence: Shhh, listen ... (lifts a small bottle from his pocket and gives it to Juliet). This liquid will help you.

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You go home and tell your father that you will marry Paris.

Then, before you go to bed, drink this magic liquid. The next morning, people will think you are dead and your family will bury you in the church tomb where all the Capulets lay. I will tell Romeo to fetch you, and the two of you can escape and live a happily married life far away, without anyone knowing who you are.

Juliet: Oh, it’s such a good idea! I’ll do it! Thank you, Friar Lawrence!

liquid væske bury gravlegge tomb gravkammer to fetch hente escape flykte

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(Friar Lawrence leaves the stage. Juliet walks around the stage once and stops.)

Juliet: I think I will go to bed now! Good night, mum and dad!

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(Offstage we hear the voices of Lord and Lady Capulet calling back.)

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Lord Capulet: Good night!

Lady Capulet: Good night, love! It is your big day tomorrow!

Act 4

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(Juliet drinks the liquid from the bottle and falls asleep in the middle of the stage. Juliet’s servant enters.)

Juliet’s servant: Good morning, Juliet! Juliet? Juliet?

(She screams) Oh, no! JULIET!!! Help!

(Lord Capulet and his wife come running in.)

Lord Capulet: What is it?

Juliet’s servant: She’s dead!

Lady Capulet: Dead? No! NO! (screams) My Juliet! NO! (Narrator enters. Juliet’s servant, Lord Capulet and his wife leave the stage, crying.)

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rumours rykter

Act 5

strangely merkelig

Narrator: People think Juliet is dead and she is laid in the Capulet tomb. Friar Lawrence tries to inform Romeo that Juliet is only sleeping, but it is too late. Rumours have already spread about Juliet’s death. Romeo comes back and wants to find Juliet in the tomb. He is with his servant, Balthasar. Romeo tells Balthasar to leave, but Balthasar hides because he thinks Romeo is acting strangely. Paris is in the tomb, too. Paris and Romeo have a sword-fight and Romeo kills Paris. He lays Paris in the tomb and he finds Juliet. She is lifeless. Romeo kneels down next to Juliet and kisses her.

lifeless livløs

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poison gift

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Romeo: Oh, Juliet! How can you be dead? I cannot live without you! I have bought this poison from a man in Mantua. No, I cannot live without you! (Romeo drinks the poison and falls down next to Juliet. He is dead.)

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(Friar Lawrence enters.)

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Friar Lawrence: Romeo? Juliet? Where are you? (He sees them and stops.) No! It cannot be true! Romeo? Juliet?

Please, wake up!

(Juliet is moving and wakes up.)

Juliet: Ahh ... Friar Lawrence. Where is my husband? Where is Romeo?

Friar Lawrence: I’m so sorry, Juliet. Romeo is dead ...

Juliet: Dead? Why ...?

Friar Lawrence: Juliet, you must come with me. You cannot stay here. Please, come with me.

Juliet: No! I cannot leave Romeo! I love him so much!

(Friar Lawrence leaves the stage, two watchmen enter.)

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Juliet: I hear a noise! I must hurry! I have no reason to live without him!

watchmen vakter dagger dolk, kniv stabs knivstikker

(She bends over Romeo and finds Romeo’s dagger, stabs herself and falls onto Romeo, dead.)

(All the characters enter and stand around Romeo and Juliet who are still lying on the floor. Narrator stands in front.)

gather samle seg feud feide, strid once and for all en gang for alle

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Narrator: Both families are asked to gather in the tomb. Prince Escalus says that two young lovers have died because their families would not stop fighting. (Capulet and Montague shake hands.) Capulet takes Montague’s hand, and they end their feud once and for all.

After reading Act out the Romeo and Juliet drama in class.

Do you think your parents should decide who you should marry? Discuss.

Silence!

Talk about it!

What breaks when you say it?

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Before singing How many songs with ‘love’ in the title can you think of?

Love Story Ɖ We were both young when I first saw you.

I close my eyes and the flashback starts: I’m standing there On a balcony in summer air.

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See the lights, see the party, the ball gowns, See you make your way through the crowd, And say, “Hello.”

Little did I know ...

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That you were Romeo, you were throwing pebbles And my daddy said, “Stay away from Juliet.”

And I was crying on the staircase Begging you, “Please don’t go.”

And I said,

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“Romeo, take me somewhere we can be alone.

I’ll be waiting. All there’s left to do is run.

You’ll be the prince and I’ll be the princess.

It’s a love story. Baby, just say ‘Yes’.”

Love is the feeling you feel when you feel you are going to feel the feeling you have never felt before.

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So, I sneak out to the garden to see you.

We keep quiet ‘cause we’re dead if they knew.

So, close your eyes, Escape this town for a little while.

Oh, oh.

‘Cause you were Romeo. I was a scarlet letter.

And my daddy said, “Stay away from Juliet.”

But you were everything to me.

I was begging you, “Please don’t go!”

And I said,

“Romeo, take me somewhere we can be alone.

I’ll be waiting. All there’s left to do is run.

You’ll be the prince and I’ll be the princess.

It’s a love story. Baby, just say ‘Yes’.

ball gowns ballkjolene crowd folkemengden pebbles småsteiner staircase trappa begging tryglet

Romeo, save me. They’re trying to tell me how to feel.

This love is difficult but it’s real.

Don’t be afraid. We’ll make it out of this mess.

It’s a love story. Baby, just say ‘Yes’.”

escape rømme fra, flykte fra scarlet skarlagensrød fading bleknet outskirts utkanten

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Oh, oh, oh.

After reading

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I got tired of waiting, Wondering if you were ever coming around.

My faith in you was fading, When I met you on the outskirts of town.

And I said,

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“Romeo, save me. I’ve been feeling so alone.

I keep waiting for you, but you never come.

Is this in my head? I don’t know what to think.”

He knelt to the ground and pulled out a ring and said,

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“Marry me, Juliet. You’ll never have to be alone I love you, and that’s all I really know.

I talked to your dad. Go pick out a white dress.

It’s a love story. Baby, just say ‘Yes’.”

Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh.

Compare the song with the play Romeo and Juliet. What is the same, what is different?

Talk about it! a Give examples of other love stories (from books, movies, music), and how they end. b What is your perfect love story?

BUS STOP

‘Cause we were both young when I first saw you.

Taylor Swift

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se m pl ar ek rd er in gs Vu Tellus is the name of the Roman goddess of the earth.

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Tell Us About 5 Tellus Earth as seen by the Apollo 17 crew on 7 December 1972.

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In this chapter, I will

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• talk about the earth and the environment and challenges to them.

• talk about endangered and extinct species.

• read and work with factual texts about nature and the environment.

• read about and discuss sustainable living.

• write a persuasive text.

Talk about it! a What can you see in the picture of Earth taken from space? b What makes Earth so blue? c What do you think the Romans thought the goddess Tellus did for Earth? d Look through this chapter and find: • the heaviest bird that ever existed.

• a striped mammal that is the fourth most endangered animal on Earth.

• the world’s largest structure made from living organisms.

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Before singing What do you think the Earth would tell us if it could speak?

I Am the Earth Ɖ We are the future rising We will be your voice We will watch and learn from you We will make the choice

I am the forest breathing I am the ocean wide I am the storm clouds gathering I am the mountain high

Chorus: I am the Earth You’re in our hands I am the Earth We’re in your care I am the Earth Together we stand I am the Earth This moment in time we share

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I am the Earth I am the Earth I am the Earth I am the Earth

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We are the children growing You are the place we live We are the seed you’re sowing We are the life you give

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I am the river flowing I am the desert dry I am the four winds blowing I am the sunset sky

Wo r k bo o k 0 :0 — 0 : 0

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We share the future Stand side by side One Earth, one people We’ll turn the tide And in the future They’ll say with pride One Earth, one people We turned the tide

gathering samler seg seed frø sowing sår choice valg care omsorg tide tidevann pride stolthet

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Side by side Side by side Side by side

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I am the river flowing We are the children growing I am the desert dry You are the place we live I am the four winds blowing We are the seed you’re sowing I am the sunset sky We are the life you give I am the forest breathing We will be your voice I am the storm clouds gathering We will make the choice

Glyn Lehmann

After reading

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(Chorus)

a What does the Earth tell us about itself? b How can the children help the Earth? c What personal pronouns do you find in this song? d What do you think it means “to turn the tide”?

Talk about it!

What do you think the message of the song is?

In my opinion this song ...

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Before reading

The Water Cycle Did you know that when you take a sip of water, you are drinking the same water that a dinosaur might have drunk? Water on our planet never disappears. It is recycled all the time. This is called the water cycle.

The illustration shows how water circulates in the environment.

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How do you use water every day?

3 Moisture is released as rain, hail or snow. sun

snow and ice

clouds

streams

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2 Water vapour forms clouds.

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4 Rain runs into lakes, streams and rivers and also into the groundwater.

trees lake rivers 1 Water evaporates when the sun heats the water in the ocean or sea. Water also evaporates from plants and rivers. ocean

5 Rivers flow into the sea.

plants

groundwater

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Wo r k bo o k 0 :0 — 0 : 0

Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe shows water in many forms – waterfall, river, mist and clouds.

After reading

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Water on Earth is everywhere. It is in the ocean, in lakes, ponds, streams and rivers. Water is also underground; and it is in the sky as a gas where we cannot see it. Water is even in the bodies of plants, animals and people. Water is everywhere.

What goes up when the rain comes down?

a What are clouds made of? b What is the sun’s role in the water cycle?

An umbrella. sip liten slurk

Use the diagram to explain the water cycle. Take turns: Person 1: Rain or snow falls in the mountains.

Person 2: The water runs down in streams and rivers.

Person 1: Water from the river ...

water cycle vannets kretsløp evaporates fordamper water vapour vanndamp moisture fuktighet is released blir frigjort

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Before reading

Hi gang At Kids Take Action magazine we like to share kids’ ideas about saving the planet. We want to present what kids are doing to help save the planet. This month we are focusing on water.

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Have you heard about kids who have helped save the environment?

Give examples.

Meet Ryan Hreljac from Canada

clean rent

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When he was six Ryan learnt that many people don’t have clean water. They suffer from diseases as a result of this.

Ryan decided to help. His goal was to raise $75 to build a well in Africa. Four months later, he reached his goal.

Today Ryan still works towards his ung. o y s a w e h dream of “clean water for all” through Ryan when his charitable organisation, Ryan’s Well Foundation. He actively encourages other children to make a difference.

diseases sykdommer

chores hjemmeplikter raise samle inn well brønn aim mål charitable veldedige encourage oppfordre challenge utfordring responsibility ansvar cause rettferdig sak

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Ryan’s advice to kids : ̇ Take responsibility for yo ̇ Act on what you can contur environment ̇ Choose five ways you ca rol ̇ Encourage two friends ton save water and DO them! ̇ Do without one fast food do the same ̇ Give that money to a usefmeal a month ul cause

source of water vannkilde buckets bøtter containers beholdere jerry cans bensinkanner jugs mugger

Don’t Just Talk the Talk, Walk the Water Walk!

provide skaffe

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Millions of people on Earth do not have a source of water close by. Lots of children have to walk several kilometres every day to fill up buckets from a river. Put yourself in their shoes by arranging a water walk. This is when you walk the average distance that people have to walk carrying buckets or containers of water.

charity veldedighetsorganisasjon

Make it happen :

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s: Brainstorm idea be in walk be? Will it er at w r u yo ill w How far Talk the g-distance walk? rounds or a lon talk, walk the Set a date: k? le do the wal walk!

When can peop Pick a place: do it?

Where will you school? hbourhood? At g ei n e th In e?

At hom d?

What do you nee tles. milk jugs or bot s, n ca y rr je s, Bucket Raise money: k. r your water wal so on sp to le p Get peo : elp provide Donate money a charity that h to e is ra u yo .

Give the money ound the world ar n re ild ch r fo clean, safe water aritywater.org Source: www.ch

After reading a How did Ryan help children in countries around the world? b What is the point of a water walk? c Talk the talk, walk the walk! What do you think this means?

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Before reading Make a list of all the ways that you use water.

Water, Water, Everywhere Of all the water on the Earth • 97 % is salt water in the world’s oceans and seas.

• 3 % is fresh water in the rivers, lakes and clouds.

diseases sykdommer

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polluted forurenset

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developing countries utviklingsland

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weight vekt

Some more water facts: • 70 % of a person’s weight is water.

• 70 % of water used in the world is for growing food.

• 5 000 children in developing countries die every day of diseases that are caused by polluted water.

• The United Nations says that each person needs 50–100 litres of water each day to keep clean and healthy.

Talk about it! a How many times do you use your clothes before you wash them? Is it always necessary? b What can you do to keep your clothes fresh apart from washing them?

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Wo r k bo o k 5 :14

Fresh Water

Before reading

precious verdifulle resource ressurs tap kran well brønn limited begrenset supply tilgang piped lagt i rør developing countries utviklingsland communal felles average gjennomsnitts

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Water is sometimes called Earth’s most precious resource. Water regulates the Earth’s temperature and there would be no life without fresh water. All water on Earth is connected. Whether you are turning on a tap in Australia, pulling up water from a well in a village in South Africa or bathing in a river in India, it is the same water. Every plant, every animal, and all 7.9 billion people have to share a very limited supply of the Earth’s available freshwater.

Not everyone is lucky enough to have clean running water. In fact, almost half of the people in the world don’t have water piped into their homes. Many people living in developing countries use only 20 litres of water a day. They get their water from communal taps or wells. A large number of the world’s people, usually women and girls, have to walk at least three hours a day to find water, wait in line to get it, and then carry the water home.

Here in Norway, we get all the water we need for drinking, cooking, washing dishes and clothes, showering and watering the garden by turning on a tap. The average Norwegian uses about 300 litres a day. People in Australia use almost 500 litres of water in their homes each day.

Many people worry about having enough fresh water for the future. That is why it is important to learn about ways to save water.

Where do we get fresh water from?

After reading a How many people on Earth do not have water taps at home? b Why do you think people in Australia use more water than people in Norway?

Talk about it! a How much water would you be able to carry in your hands?

How much water could you carry on your head without spilling it? b Make a list of things you can do to save water.

Wor k book 5 :15 — 5 : 1 7

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Rainforest Questions and Answers

Before reading How did rainforests get their name?

Where are rainforests found?

Tropical rainforests are warm and are found near the Equator.

Other rainforests are in cooler climates. There are rainforests on every continent.

remove fjerner release frigjør

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What are rainforests?

Rainforests are very thick, warm, wet forests filled with plants and trees that grow well in a wet climate.

How much rain falls in rainforests?

Depending on where it is, a rainforest can get between 190.5 and 254.0 centimetres of rainfall a year. Bergen gets 223.5 centimetres of rain a year!

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Why are rainforests important?

Rainforests help regulate Earth’s climate. They remove huge amounts of carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen for us to breathe.

Lapa bird in the rainforest.

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Arctic Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Equator

Pacific Ocean

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Pacific Ocean

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Indian Ocean

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• They are home to 50 million indigenous people.

• Half of all the world’s plants, animals and insects live in the rainforests. Some of them are still unknown to us.

• Important medicine and food plants are found in the rainforests.

• The plants of the rainforests protect against land erosion, flooding and pollution.

Look at the map and see where they are!

indigenous people urbefolkning erosion erosjon flooding flom pollution forurensing

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Why are the rainforests disappearing?

Every year over 31 million football fields of rainforest disappear.

People cut down wood for building, furniture and fuel. The rainforests are cleared for farming and cattle grazing.

Rainforests disappear when people build roads through them.

furniture møbler fuel brensel farming landbruk cattle kveg grazing beiting protect beskytte mostly hovedsakelig

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threats trusler

How can we protect the rainforests?

• Tell your parents and friends why rainforests are important.

• Use mostly recycled paper.

• Do not buy furniture made of wood from the rainforests.

• Support Kids Saving the Rainforest organisation. It was started by two nine year old girls.

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Some useful rainforest discoveries sugar rice pepper oranges coffee

tea avocados rubber medicines

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chocolate vanilla bananas pineapples cinnamon

After reading a Why are rainforests useful to the planet? b Name three threats to the rainforest.

Talk about it!

Which of the rainforest discoveries do you think are the most useful? Why?

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Wo r k bo o k 5 :18 — 5 : 23

What You Can Do

Before reading What problems does the Earth face?

When you see litter in the streets And the air smells of pollution When you feel like it’s all piling up Remember there is a solution

litter søppel smells lukter pollution fourensing

There’s something each of us can do To keep the rivers clean To keep fresh the air we breathe and keep the forests green

piling up hoper seg opp solution løsning

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breathe puste cans (hermetikk)bokser

our share vår del

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It doesn’t have to be a lot If we each just do our share So take time out on Earth Day To show the earth you care

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Help clean a beach Or recycle bottles and cans Learn about the problems we face and help others understand

Talk about it?

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Source: https://www.woojr.com

a When was the last time you did something to help the planet? What did you do? b Make a list of other solutions that can help our planet.

After reading a Which words in the poem rhyme? b Can you find other words that rhyme with clean and care? c Which environmental problems does the poet write about? d Which three solutions can show the Earth we care?

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Before reading Why do we need a special day to think about the Earth?

founded grunnlagt collect samle

Celebrate Earth Day Earth Day, which was founded in 1970 in the USA, is celebrated on 22 April each year. It is a day to think about our planet and what we can do to make it a better place for all of us to live.

We can think about saving water and energy and reducing pollution. We can also collect ideas on recycling, protecting our animals, trees and plants, and our environment.

pollution forurensning environment miljø Every year people around the world celebrate Earth Hour. Earth Hour is held towards the end of March and encourages people to turn off their lights for one hour to show that they care for their planet. Here from Earth Hour in Singapore.

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encourages oppfordrer

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litter avfall

The high and mighty were not in sight that night.

They had turned off their bright lights.

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Ten tips for celebrating Earth Day

6 7 8

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9 10

Sing or listen to songs about the Earth Wear green or brown clothes Go for a long walk or bike ride and enjoy nature Plant wild flowers Use leaves, flowers and twigs to make pictures and cards at school or at home Clean up litter where you live Swap books, games and clothes with friends Make Earth Day cards out of recycled paper and send them to friends Learn more about the environment Make positive promises. Fill a journal with resolutions for how you can help the Earth.

Decorate it with photographs, poems, and pictures.

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1 2 3 4 5

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Living on Earth is expensive, but it does include a free trip around the Sun.

After reading a b c d e

Which Earth Day activities can you do outside?

Which activities can you do inside?

Which activities can you do alone?

Which activities are artistic?

Which things on the list can you do more often than just on Earth Day?

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Before reading Which animals today are in danger of dying out if people don’t save them?

Extinct Animals Tell Their Tales The Elephant Bird

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The Woolly Mammoth

I’m the heaviest bird that ever existed. I was very tall and too heavy to fly. You could make 30 omelettes from one of my eggs. I’ve been extinct for over a thousand years.

The Dodo

The Quagga

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I lived thousands of years ago during the last Ice Age. Scientists think the weather became warmer, changing our habitat.

I existed over four hundred years ago. Sailors arrived.

They cut down the forests. They brought cats which killed us. We couldn’t fly and didn’t survive. We are still remembered – people often say “as dead as a dodo”.

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I existed 150 years ago. We were a species of zebra.

Hunters killed us and made our skins into bags.

Farmers ate us.

The Sea Wolf

The Black Rhino

Which animal had a problem with cats?

Which animal had a problem with climate change?

Which animals were made into footwear and bags?

Why did these animals become extinct?

Talk about it!

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a b c d

Poachers killed us for our horns. People made medicine and daggers from them.

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After reading

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We haven’t existed for almost 70 years. We were hunted by explorers, fishermen and hunters who killed and ate us. They made shoes and boots from our skin and used our fat to cook with.

In 2000 there were only ten of us left. Scientists searched for us in our last remaining habitat in Africa, but they didn’t find any of us.

scientists forskere habitat habitat, naturlig miljø didn’t survive overlevde ikke species art explorers oppdagelsesreisende poachers krypskyttere

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a Which animal would you have liked to see, and why? b What could people have done differently which might have saved some of these animals?

I think that ... because ...

extinct utdødd

It is popular to hunt the Big Five, and they may become extinct if we do not protect them.

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Before reading What does the title mean? endangered truede species art rhinoceros neshorn porpoise nise

Endangered Species 1 2 3 4 5

Javan Rhinoceros Vaquita Porpoise Mountain Gorilla Tiger Asian Elephant

6 Orangutan 7 Leatherback Turtle 8 Snow Leopard 9 Irrawaddy Dolphin 10 Bluefin Tuna Source: Animals Around the World, 2021

turtle skilpadde

in the wild i villmarken vary varierer prey byttedyr

Tigers are on the IUCN red list of endangered species. There are very few tigers left on Earth because of farming, logging and hunting. Today, there are more tigers held as pets and in zoos than there are in the wild.

Tigers are the largest cats on the planet. They are easy to recognise with their orange fur and black stripes. India has more tigers in the wild than any other country.

These big cats vary in size, but can weigh as much as 660 pounds and be as long as 11 feet. Tigers hunt at night and like to eat antelope and deer. If they can’t find any, they will eat smaller animals. They use their teeth and claws to kill their prey.

Most cats don’t like to be in water, but tigers are very good swimmers.

Sadly, it’s difficult for tigers and humans to live side by side.

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sadly dessverre

Tiger, Tiger

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logging trefelling

After reading a Scan the list of the ten most endangered species. Which animal would you like to know more about? Why? b Why are there so few tigers left in the wild? c What can be done to save the tiger? d Would you like to have a tiger as pet? Why or why not? e Do you know any famous tigers from films and books?

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Wo r k bo o k 5 :29 — 5 : 32

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Wor k book 0 :0 — 0 : 0

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Before reading Look at the glossary.

What is the difference between endangered and extinct?

extinction utryddelse

Help Fight Extinction Visiting Melbourne Zoo helps fight extinction. The zoo has a breeding program for endangered animals so that they do not become extinct. Take a trip to Melbourne Zoo, meet rare Australian species and learn what Zoos Victoria is doing to help them. Maybe you can visit their website and see what people at home can do to help support endangered species.

breeding avl

extinct utryddet rare sjeldne

“The world doesn’t just need grown-ups.

The world needs people like you.”

grown-ups voksne

Ryan Hreljac, Canada

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endangered truede

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Kenyan proverb

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“Treat the Earth well. It was not given to you by your parents. It was lent to you by your children.”

After reading

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a How can you help Zoos Victoria fight wildlife extinction? b What kinds of animals does Zoos Victoria have? c Which Daily Keeper Talks would you visit? Where are they on the map?

Talk about it! a What do the quotes mean? How do they fit in with the zoo’s work? b How could you inform someone of what you learnt at the zoo?

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Wo r k bo o k 5 :33 — 5 : 34

Kangaroos

Water Recycling Plant

Giraffe

Baboons

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Emus

Koalas

Zebra

Tapir

To City

To Coburg

Lions

Seals

Parents’ Room

Leopard Lodge Function Centre

Coatis

ROYAL PARK

Where to eat

Upfield

TRAIN STATION 1FPJXNIJ (FKऍ

Both seated and grab-to-go café style options overlooking Japanese Lake. Fully licensed.

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,WFG F GZWLJW ‫ܪ‬XM FSI HMNUX chicken nuggets, sandwiches, salads, slushies, cold drinks, house-made pizzas and ice cream by the scoop in SNSJ INKKJWJSY ‫ܫ‬F[TZWX

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Tigers

alongside chilled desserts and frappé. Fully licensed.

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Featuring a selection of gourmet burgers, chip boxes, deli items and salads.

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Baboons, Giant Tortoises 10.40am

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,NWFKKJ 11.30am

4WFSL ZYFS 8ST\ 1JTUFWI 12pm

,TWNQQFX 1NTSX 12.30pm

2JJWPFYX 1.15pm

Vegetarian options

Low-gluten options

We acknowledge the Traditional Custodians of the land on which we live and work, and pay our respects to Elders both past and present.

Information provided and times XUJHN‫ܪ‬JI RF^ GJ XZGOJHY YT HMFSLJ

Animals may be off display for short 5 periods, due to animal husbandry or exhibit maintenance reasons.

3 8FKJY^ FY YMJ ?TT In the interests of visitor and 4 animal safety, please keep to the pathways, stay behind the safety barriers and do not feed the animals or free-roaming birds.

2

1

9MJ ?TT NX XRTPJ KWJJ Pass-outs are available from gate staff.

5^LR^ -NUUT 4.15pm

5JSLZNSX 3.45pm

*QJUMFSYX Cat Alley 2pm *SOT^ TZW WFSLJ TK X\JJY FSI Tigers Trail of the Elephants savoury Zoo Bakery treats, 3.30pm baked on site!

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Focusing on wellbeing, sustainability and ‘smart food’ choices.

Snow 2JJWPFYX (FKऍ Leopard

Japanese Garden

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Open weekends and public holidays only.

Public Transport

check with a Zoo staff member Runs every 20 minutes for what’s open.

Tram #58:*SOT^ F GFWNXYF HTKKJJ West Coburg hot chips, sandwiches, cold Running every 10 minutes to drinks, iceSt) creams and Zoo the city (via William Bakery Stop number 26 isselections. closest to the Rail Gate Entrance Our food outlet operating times 9WFNS :U‫ܪ‬JQI 1NSJ YT KWTR FWJ XZGOJHY YT HMFSLJ UQJFXJ 7T^FQ 5FWP 8YFYNTS

Red Pandas

Kookaburras

Giant Tortoises

RainforestAsian Roominspired street food Function Centre

LION GORGE

Tasmanian Devil

RAIL GATE

DigestED

Picnic Pavilions 4-6 Wild Dogs M Wild Dog Maze

Picnic Pavilions 1-3

58

Peccaries

FROGS & REPTILES

Giant Tortoises

Pelicans

Learning Space

GROWING WILD

Meerkats

Amazon Aviary Penguins

WILD SEA

M Pavilion

Carousel Park

Keeper Kids

MAIN GATE

Lemurs

Otters

Platypus

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Wombats

Orange-bellied Parrot

Orang-utans

Siamangs

AUSTRALIAN Loo’s Yourself BUSH M Maze

Squirrel Monkeys

Helmeted Great Flight Honeyeater Aviary Forest Harvest

TRAIL OF THE ELEPHANTS

Tigers

Gorillas

GORILLA RAINFOREST

Gorilla Ranger Station

58

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Tasmanian Devil Lace Monitor

Elephants

Bong Su Function Centre

Tree-top Apes & Monkeys

Butterfly House

Pygmy Hippopotamus

Cassowary

Lord Howe Island Stick Insect Playspace

February 2021

Vu

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Encounters meeting point

Fighting extinction species Visit some of the 27 native threatened species we’re helping to save.

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8TRJ FWJFX HQTXJI KTW RFNSYJSFSHJ

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Persuasive Texts

SPEAK & WRITE

A persuasive text tries to persuade someone to do something.

There are lots of different types of persuasive texts.

persuade overtale

A book blurb A leaflet or a flyer A letter or an e-mail A newspaper or magazine article

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persuasive text appellativ tekst

An advertisement A discussion A travel brochure A poster A speech

Persuasive language

These facts/ideas/ arguments show ...

It would be terrible if ...

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Another reason is ...

Do you really think ...

I am writing/ speaking to ...

I believe/think that because ...

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Persuading a friend to support zoos Jack: I’ve just been to Melbourne Zoo and seen the most awesome tigers!

Kylie: I think it is cruel to keep such lovely animals caged up!

Jack: I think that zoos are doing an important job for the animals. For a start, those amazing tigers are in trouble because their habitats are disappearing. People have hunted them and cut down trees where they live for years. A good zoo provides a safe habitat.

Kylie: In the wild, tigers can sleep, hunt and play in a natural way.

Jack: But zoos can really help animals! Zoos breed animals so that the species don’t die out. Besides, it’s fun seeing the animal in real life. I’ve decided to adopt an animal. You love animals and like to help. Why don’t you adopt one too?

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Please Save the Mahogany Glider Email to Werribee Open Range Zoo, Melbourne, Australia.

Use emotional language

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Dear Werribee Zoo, I’m writing to you about mahogany gliders. They belong in your zoo. They need your help because they are endangered. These beautiful animals live in the Australian rainforest.

Describe the problem

Mahogany gliders have become endangered because people have cleared 80% of their habitat to make farms.

When the rainforests disappear, the gliders lose their home.

Give reasons or examples

Appeal to the reader

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Best wishes Tima Patel

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I know that since Europeans came to Australia, 10% of the country’s mammals have become extinct. It would be terrible for mahogany gliders to become extinct, too. If they lived in your zoo, they would be safe.

cruel grusomt caged up innesperret important viktig disappearing forsvinner breed aler opp belong hører til habitat naturlig miljø mammals pattedyr terrible forferdelig

Wor k book 5 :35 — 5 : 3 6

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Personal pronouns

Reflexive pronouns Subject

Object

Singular (entall)

I you he she it

me you him her it

myself yourself himself herself itself

Plural (flertall)

we you they

us you them

ourselves yourselves themselvs

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LANGUAGE WORK

Reflexive Pronouns (refleksive pronomen)

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When the subject and the object are the same, use reflexive pronouns.

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Tom is looking at Tom. He is looking at himself.

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I looked at myself in the mirror.

He fell off his bike and hurt himself.

She likes to talk about herself.

The tiger licked itself.

We enjoyed ourselves on holiday in Ireland.

TASK

Who is she taking a picture of?

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Wo r k bo o k 5 :37

Multi-word Verbs Multi-word verbs are made with a basic verb and another word or words.

Example:

to look

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to look for

to look up

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to look out

TASK

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to look after

a Use the right multi-word verb in these sentences.

I can’t come to the match I have to ... my little sister.

I don’t know what that means. I have to ... the word in the dictionary.

I can’t find my PE kit. I have to ... it.

This bridge is very narrow. You have to ... . b Work with a partner and use these multi-word verbs in a sentence.

put on stand up switch off

Wor k book 5 : 3 8

195

Before reading Do you know what coral is? Is it a plant or an animal?

Australia’s Great Barrier Reef

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The Great Barrier Reef is in the Coral Sea off the eastern coast of Australia. The reef is at least 20 000 years old. Astronauts say that it can be seen from outer space. It is the largest coral reef in the world and the biggest single structure made from living organisms. The reef stretches about 3000 kilometres.

In comparison, the distance from Nordkapp to Lindesnes in Norway is almost 2500 kilometres. A million tourists visit the reef every year to dive, swim in the beautiful water or snorkel and experience the incredible wildlife.

The reef has 400 different kinds of coral and 500 different kinds of seaweed. Corals are sea animals which make calcium carbonate, which in turn becomes a hard shell. The shells build up, creating coral reefs.

Over 1500 different types of fish live there. Lionfish, sharks, clown fish, porpoises, humpback whales, sea turtles, and sea snakes live in the reef. Saltwater crocodiles live on the coast near the reef.

Unfortunately, the Great Barrier Reef has lost half of its coral since 1980 because of storm damage. Another major threat is the crown-of-thorns starfish, which sucks the nutrients out of the coral leaving empty white structures behind. Perhaps the greatest threat is human activity.

Humans are polluting the air, so the Earth is becoming warmer and sea temperatures are rising. When the temperature becomes too high, sea corals die.

Lionfish have many names. They are also called red Many environmental organizations and devilfish, red firefish, dragonfish, tigerfish, scorpionfish, turkeyfish and butterfly cod. aboriginal groups have joined together to Lionfish are popular as aquarium fish. Although raise awareness of the problems facing the they are venomous, they are eaten as food in some parts of the world. reef. They are determined to save this unique natural treasure.

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coral reef korallrev in comparison til sammenligning incredible utrolige seaweed tang og tare lionfish drakefisk clown fish klovnefisk porpoises niser humpback whales knølhvaler sea turtles havskilpadder

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venomous giftig damage skade threat trussel crown-of-thorns starfish tornekrone (en type sjøstjerne)

After reading a b c d e

humans mennesker polluting forurenser raise awareness øke bevisstheten responsible for ansvarlige for

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nutrients næringsstoffer

From how far away can you see the Great Barrier Reef?

How large is the Great Barrier Reef?

Name five different types of animals that live there.

What is threatening the coral reef?

How are humans responsible for damage to the reef?

BUS STOP

Talk about it! a Which animals would you like to see if you were snorkelling on the reef? b Which animals would you not like to see? Why? c What can people do to save the reefs?

Wor k book 5 :39 — 5 : 4 2

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198

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6 Mysteries In this chapter, I will

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• talk about different mysteries in the world.

• give examples of different mysteries.

• express my opinion on a topic.

• write a story.

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Talk about it!

a What can you see in the picture? b What does the word “mystery” mean? c What can be a mystery: • in magic • in nature • in a language • in the past d Look through this chapter and find: • a picture of a language code.

• a famous detective.

• the name of a lost city.

• the name of an awful aunt.

Wor k book 6 :1 — 6 : 2

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Optical Illusions

Look at the two illustrations. What do you see? What did you see at first?

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The word “illusion” comes from the Latin word illudere, which means “to mock”.

Do your eyes ever play tricks on you? Maybe you have seen something that puzzled you so much that you had to rub your eyes and look again? Chances are you may have been tricked by an optical illusion.

Optical illusions are images or pictures that trick our brains into seeing things which may or may not be real. Different colours, light and patterns are used to create images that can be seen in different ways. Your brain is “tricked”.

Scientists believe that optical illusions are possible because our brains are good at recognising patterns and “seeing” familiar objects. Our brain is trying to interpret what we see and make sense of the world around us. Our brains work quickly to make a complete image from separate pieces.

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Before reading

Which two animals can you see in this picture?

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optical illusions synsbedrag play tricks lurer puzzled forvirret rub your eyes gni deg i øynene images bilder patterns mønstre scientists forskere familiar kjente interpret tolke complete fullstendig

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pieces deler

After reading

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to mock narre

Check it out yourself.

There are only straight lines in this picture.

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a Which optical illusion did you like the best, and why?

I liked ... the best ... because ... b Which optical illusion was the hardest to understand?

In my opinion ... c What are optical illusions? d What do scientists think happens to our brain when we see an optical illusion?

Talk about it!

Describe an optical illusion that you have seen.

Wor k book 6 :3 — 6 : 4

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Which magic tricks do you know of?

magician tryllekunstner craft håndverk depends on avhenger av fad påfunn

A magician’s craft depends on mystery. We have talked to magician Jason Smith.

Reporter: Hello, Jason. Now, tell us: When did you realise that you wanted to become a magician?

Jason: I first saw a magician when I was 12 years old at a local show. I don’t remember any of the tricks I saw. All I remember is the magician saying that if we were interested in magic, we should check out tricks on the Internet. That’s what I did!

My parents thought it would be a fad that would wear off, but the fad hasn’t worn off yet!

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worn off her: gått over

Magic Tricks

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Before reading

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satisfying tilfredsstillende amaze forbløffe reveal avslører stressful stressende prepare forbereder moments øyeblikkene jitters kribling, nervøsitet entertaining underholde multiple flere

Magicians use illusions to trick your eyes and brains into seeing what is not really there.

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Reporter: Why do you like being a magician?

Jason: I want to surprise and amaze my audience. I want them to think: How did he do that trick? To be able to do a difficult trick is really satisfying.

Reporter: Why don’t magicians reveal their secrets?

Jason: Part of the fun with magic is the mystery. If you know how the trick is done, you can still enjoy it, but it is not the same.

Reporter: How do you handle stressful situations?

Jason: I prepare the best I can. Some tricks or illusions will take months and months to prepare and learn. I can do them in my sleep before they make it into the show!

The moments before the show are the most stressful for me. Once I’m on stage, all the jitters go away and it’s all about entertaining the audience.

Reporter: What is your favourite magic trick?

Jason: If I have to pick one, I would say it’s “The Multiple Card Selection Routine”. It is always a hit with audiences because it gives them multiple moments of amazement. For the magician, it shows that you are an expert with cards.

Reporter: Who is your role model as a magician?

Jason: That is an easy question: David Copperfield. I think he might be the best magician of all times.

Reporter: Thank you for your time! I am really looking forward to seeing your next show.

After reading a b c d

How does Jason describe the feeling he gets when he performs?

Why is magic a mystery?

Find a different word for “fade” in the text.

Find a different word for “nervousness” in the text.

Did you hear about the angry magician?

He pulled his hare out.

Talk about it! a Do you like watching magic tricks? Why or why not? b Have you ever tried to do magic tricks? What was easy or what was difficult?

Wor k book 6 :5 — 6 : 9

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Before reading Solve the hidden message:

Language Mysteries The Rosetta Stone

to figure out å finne ut amount her: antall items gjenstander

pieces deler

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script skrift

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ancient her: fortids-

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carved skåret/hugget ut

Have you heard about the Rosetta Stone? It is one of the most famous objects in the British Museum. But what is it?

The Rosetta Stone is a stone with writing carved into it.

French soldiers, who were part of Napoleon Bonaparte’s army, found it in Egypt in 1799. Before the Rosetta Stone was found, people had spent years trying to understand hieroglyphs.

Hieroglyphs were a writing system in ancient Egypt that used pictures as signs. They were found on numerous items. So, what were the ancient Egyptians saying?

The stone had three pieces of writing on it, which said the same thing in three different languages. One was the local language of the people in Egypt at that time, an ancient Egyptian script called demotic. The other two languages were Ancient Greek and Egyptian hieroglyphics.

The Rosetta Stone

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Kryptos

The historians could already read Greek, so they were able to work out how to read the Egyptian scripts. Historians and linguists could now translate Ancient Egyptian writing.

The stone got its name after the city where it was found, Rosetta. Today this city is called Rashid. When the British defeated Napoleon, the stone was taken to England by the British and then placed in the British Museum.

linguists språkforskere defeated slo, vant over property eiendom sculpture skulptur hidden messages skjulte meldinger managed klart solve løse allowed tillatt

Kryptos – a Modern Language Mystery

inspired inspirert authors forfattere

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In the garden of the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) in Virginia, USA, stands a sculpture called Kryptos. It is a modern language mystery. The sculpture is made by Jim Sanborn. Kryptos is very famous because it has four secret hidden messages on it, like codes.

Three of the messages were solved in 1998–1999, but no one has managed to solve the fourth message yet.

Only CIA workers are allowed to go into the CIA building, so they are the only ones who can have a closer look at Kryptos.

Kryptos has inspired authors and filmmakers. Sanborn claims that he is the only person alive who knows the answer to the riddle. This means that if the riddle is not solved while Sanborn is still alive, it could remain a mystery forever! Who will be the next person to solve the fourth message?

claims hevder

After reading

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remain forbli

a Why is the Rosetta Stone a language mystery? b Why is Kryptos a language mystery? c Find out where the word Kryptos comes from and what it means.

Talk about it! a Why do you think hidden messages or codes have been used in history?

I believe that ... / In my opinion ... b Do you know of other codes used to write hidden messages? What are they? c Have you ever made up a code or secret message? What was it?

Wor k book 6 :10 — 6 : 1 2

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Story WRITE

Here are the main elements of a story:

Introduction Start by saying when the story takes place.

Describe where the story takes place.

Tell the readers who the story is about.

Main part

Ending End the story.

Tips when writing a story:

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Remember: Who are you writing for?

What kind of story is it?

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Tell the readers what the main character is doing.

Something strange/bad/sad/unusual/great/unexpected happens.

Tell the readers how the people in the story react.

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Make a draft with the main elements of your story.

Read through your story.

Add more details.

Check your spelling and grammar.

Get someone to read your text and give you feedback before you finish it.

Two stars and a wish I liked your story because ...

I think you ...

You could have ...

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Things to write about: • a mystery • magical animals • a scary story • a robbery • a discovery • an adventure • another world

Audience/readers: • First-graders, tweenagers, teens, parents, all ages?

• My story is aimed at ...

• I want my readers to feel ...

The Mysterious Party Introduction When, where, who?

Suddenly, he heard loud noises coming from inside the church.

“Strange”, he thought. The church had been empty when he left it. Tibbs was a little scared, but he walked back to check. His heart was beating. He opened the heavy doors. The room was full of lights and people. “Surprise!” they shouted. Tibbs didn’t recognise any of them. They were dressed in old clothes and played old music. He felt surprised, but really happy. They ate good food, danced and talked. The party lasted until midnight.

It was the best birthday Tibbs could remember.

Main part What happens?

How do the characters react?

The next day, Tibbs wanted to thank the people who had made the party for him. He went to the church room, but it was all empty. No signs of a party. On the wall he noticed an old black and white photo. It was exactly like his party, but the year was 1875 ...

Ending

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On a dark, rainy evening in a churchyard, a priest called Tibbs was alone on his birthday. He was on his way home from church, feeling very sad.

Wor k book 6 :13 — 6 : 1 5

207

Before reading Have you ever played detectives?

What did you do?

What skills should a detective have?

Be a Detective Have you ever tried to solve puzzles? They can be both fun and frustrating. Have a look at these puzzles and try to solve them. Give reasons for your answers to the puzzles.

Puzzle number 1 frustrating frustrerende

What is the number of the parking spot?

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What is the number of the parking spot?

cracking knekke

98

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I6 06 68 88

suddenly plutselig inspecting granske last-known sist kjente

Puzzle number 2 A detective who was only a few days from cracking an international smuggling ring has suddenly gone missing.

While inspecting his last-known location, you find a note:

location lokalisering currently for tiden suspects mistenkte

710 57735 34 5508 51 7718 Currently there are 3 suspects: Bill, John, and Todd. Can you break the detective’s code and find the criminal’s name?

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Puzzle number 3

trapped fanget ceiling taket magnifies forsterker escape rømme

What do you get when you cross a detective and a squirrel?

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A nut case.

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John is trapped in a room. There is a table, a chair, two doors and a small hole in the ceiling (15 centimetres in diameter) there. Behind the first door, there is an extremely hungry lion that has not eaten for a couple of days. Behind the second door, there is a glass tunnel that magnifies the sunlight, and it creates such a high temperature that even opening the door could kill John. How will he escape?

After reading a Which puzzle was the easiest? In my opinion, ... because ... b Which puzzle was the most difficult? As I see it, ... because ... c How did you solve the puzzle? Were you right? Explain your answer.

Talk about it!

Why do you think many people like puzzles or detective stories?

I think ... because ...

Wor k book 6 :16 — 6 : 1 7

209

Before reading What does a detective do? Name some famous detectives.

STOP THINK

In June 1892, a terrible crime is committed just outside Buenos Aires, in Argentina.

“Help! Police!” Francesca Rojas ran, screaming, out of her hut.

“He has killed them!”

When the police arrived at her hut, they found two dead bodies. Francesca said her boyfriend, a farmer called Velásquez, was the killer. She said she wanted to marry someone else and claimed he was jealous. Velásquez was arrested, but insisted that he was innocent.

The local police called headquarters. “Could you help us with this case? We have not been able to find the murderer.”

Police Inspector Eduardo Alvarez was sent to the village to assist in the investigation. “Please show me the crime scene,” he asked when he arrived.

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What do you think the Inspector found in the hut?

The Fingerprint

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Wo r k bo o k 0 :0 — 0 : 0

STOP THINK

How do you think he got the fingerprint back to the police station?

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The local policeman took him to the hut. “Everything is just as we found the place,” he told Alvarez.

Alvarez looked around closely. He saw the bloodstains from the crime, but could not discover anything unusual. As he was about to leave the hut, his eyes fell on a small red spot on the door. It was a fingerprint. “Have you seen this?” he asked the policeman. How could he get the fingerprint back to the police headquarters? He thought for a moment and then he found a way. “Please get me a saw,” he said.

What the local policeman and the murderer did not know, was that Inspector Alvarez had worked closely with another police officer called Juan Vucetich. Juan had just found a method for taking and comparing fingerprints, and Alvarez knew this.

The suspect, Velásquez, was brought in. Alvarez put ink on his fingertips, and pressed them on a piece of paper. He looked intensely at the paper and at the mark on the door. “They are not the same,” he declared.

STOP THINK

Who do you think the killer can be? Why?

committed begått claimed hevdet insisted insisterte innocent uskyldig headquarters hovedkvarteret case saken investigation etterforskningen bloodstains blodflekker discover oppdage unusual uvanlig fingerprint fingeravtrykk saw sag comparing sammenlikne suspect mistenkte

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“This is not the murderer. Bring me Francesca Rojas.”

The inspector repeated the procedure with Francesca’s fingertips. It took only a few minutes, and the inspector saw immediately that the fingerprints matched.

“This is your fingerprint on the door from your hut. How do you explain that?” he asked Mrs Rojas. She was so shocked that she immediately started to cry and confessed the crime.

Police Inspector Eduardo Alvarez became the first detective to solve a murder by using fingerprints.

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After reading

ink blekk declared fastslo procedure prosedyre, framgangsmåte immediately umiddelbart confessed innrømmet, tilsto solve løse

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Wo r k bo o k 6 :1 8 — 6 : 19

a b c d e

Who was chosen to investigate the crime?

Where did the murder take place?

Who was the chief suspect?

Why did the investigator change his mind about the suspect?

What do you think would have happened if the investigator hadn’t been so clever?

Talk about it! a How can you solve a case if you find fingerprints? b How do the police find fingerprints today?

How do they lift them?

Sherlock Holmes

Before reading

“My name is Sherlock Holmes. It is my business to know what other people do not know.”

What do you know about Sherlock Holmes?

Can you describe him?

Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle

fictional litterær reasoning tankegang disguises forkledning solve løse mail post

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One of the most famous fictional detectives of all times is Sherlock Holmes. The author of the books about Sherlock Holmes is Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.

Holmes and his friend, Doctor John Watson, lived in 221B Baker Street in London. Holmes is famous for his logical reasoning, his fantastic disguises and his use of science to solve difficult crime cases. Today there is a Sherlock Holmes Museum in Baker Street, and any mail to Holmes is delivered to the museum.

Guinness World Records has listed Holmes as “the most portrayed movie character”. More than 70 actors have portrayed him in over 200 movies.

After reading a Who is the author of the books about Sherlock Holmes? b List three facts about Sherlock Holmes. c Find three things which you think are typical for Sherlock Holmes in the photo.

Talk about it!

Statue of Sherlock Holmes outside Baker Street Underground station in London.

Do you like detective stories or mysteries?

Why or why not?

Which are your favourites?

Wor k book 6 :20 — 6 : 2 1

213

Linking Words (bindeord)

LANGUAGE WORK

Linking words link your text together so it is easier to read and understand.

cut the entire door from its hinges.

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Alvarez had borrowed a saw

he insisted that he was innocent.

The police had questioned him for days,

they asked for help.

the woman.

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The murderer could be the man

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The local police were unable to solve the crime,

The fingerprints were shown

they put their fingers in red ink.

Vu

The chief suspect would have been put in jail Alvarez knew about fingerprints

he had read about them. she immediately confessed to the terrible crime.

Rojas was so surprised and scared

and 214

Alvarez had not seen the fingerprint.

but

so

or

TASK Add the most suitable linking word.

Vu

as a result although before even if once since unless

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More linking words

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1 I am very hungry, ... the fridge is empty.

2 We can watch the show ... you have done your chores.

3 We can’t buy ice cream, ... we don’t have enough money.

4 She buys newspapers ... books from this shop.

5 Mary arrived ... Alex left.

6 You are very late ... the shop is closed.

7 He usually eats at home ... he likes cooking.

8 Let me know ... you are going to the cinema.

9 I don’t care ... he agrees or not.

10 I can speak English ... Spanish.

11 It was so hard ... I almost gave up.

because

if

firstly secondly finally to sum up however in addition

until when whenever where while for example also

after

that Wor k book 6 :22 — 6 : 2 3

215

Before reading What do you know about Atlantis? Have you seen any films or played any games about Atlantis?

The Lost City of Atlantis The legend of the lost city of Atlantis is one of the oldest mysteries in the world. More than 2000 years ago, the famous philosopher Plato wrote about a magical island that disappeared into the ocean in just one day and one night.

Ever since, people have been searching for this lost island, trying to solve the mystery.

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Atlantis – myth or reality?

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After reading

furious rasende teach a lesson gi en lærepenge according to ifølge located plassert scientists forskere

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Plato described Atlantis as a magical place with palaces, temples, fountains with hot and cold water, and buildings and statues covered with gold. The city was built on a hill and surrounded by canals. A huge canal connected the city to the ocean.

The Atlantians were wealthy and well educated and Atlantis was a powerful empire. For a long time everything was peaceful, but as time passed the people became greedy. Plato told people that the god Zeus became furious with the Atlantians and decided to teach them a lesson. Plato ends his story here, so nobody knows what really happened.

According to Plato, Atlantis existed 11 000 years ago and was located in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. Several scientists have tried to find Atlantis, and there are many theories as to where it was located and why it disappeared. No one has found it yet. So perhaps the story of Atlantis is just a myth? What do you think? Do you believe in the lost city of Atlantis?

Vu

a Who wrote the legend about Atlantis? b Where did Plato say Atlantis was located? c What would your mystery city be like?

Find arguments to prove that Atlantis existed. I believe ...

Find arguments to prove that Atlantis is just a myth.

In my opinion ...

Wor k book 6 :24 — 6 : 2 9

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The mysteries of the Bermuda Triangle – myth or reality?

Before reading

Find Florida, Puerto Rico and Bermuda on a map.

Draw lines between them. What do you get?

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The Bermuda Triangle – the Ship Graveyard

referred to omtalt som navy marine headed for satte kurs mot

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The Bermuda Triangle, sometimes also referred to as the Devil’s Triangle, is a large area of ocean between Florida, Puerto Rico, and Bermuda. It is one of the biggest mysteries of our time – that perhaps isn’t really a mystery. But why do ships and planes seem to go missing in this area?

On 4 March 1918, the big Navy ship, the USS Cyclops, left Barbados and headed for Norfolk in Virginia. The captain

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ordered the ship to go south, which would not bring them to BERMUDA (UK) USA Norfolk. It disappeared without a trace. No wreckage from the ship was ever found and no distress signal was received.

The deaths of the 306 crew and Florida passengers of the USS Cyclops Miami remains the single largest loss of life in US Naval history.

Havana One of the most popular CUBA stories of the Bermuda Triangle is the tale of Flight 19. It started DOMINICAN HAITI REPUBLIC JAMAICA on 5 December 1945, when five Kingston PUERTO RICO Avenger torpedo bombers left the Naval Air Station at Fort Lauderdale, Florida, at 2:10 p.m. It was a routine practice mission. ordered beordret Half an hour after takeoff the base picked up a radio transmission disappeared forsvant from their commander. He said that his compasses were not trace spor working. The last transmission from Flight 19 was heard at 7:04 wreckage vrakdeler p.m. Planes searched the area through the night and the next distress signal nødsignal day. One of the search planes also went missing. There was no received mottatt sign of the Avengers and they have never been found. remains forblir On the night of 28 December 1948, flight NC16 002, a DC-3 loss tap passenger plane, vanished during a flight from Puerto Rico to tale fortelling Florida. The weather was fine and the flight was, according to torpedo bombers bombefly the pilot, within 50 miles of Miami when it disappeared with its mission oppdrag three crew members and twenty-nine passengers. radio transmission radiosending In 1963, a tanker disappeared off the southern coast of vanished forsvant Florida. The crew of 39 was all lost and no wreckage from the according to ifølge tanker was ever found.

219

How can we explain these incidents in the Bermuda Triangle?

Perhaps there are strong underwater currents that drag the ships down or that make tidal waves? Or maybe there are UFOs which kidnap the ships and their crew? Perhaps there are some unusual magnetic variations within the triangle, which make the use of compasses difficult? Or maybe the weather conditions in the area make the ships and planes lose their direction?

To calm us all down, statistics show that the number of sunken ships and crashed planes in this area is quite low given the large amount of sea and air traffic. The triangle is, in fact, one of the most heavily trafficked areas in the world, both by sea and air.

So do not be afraid if you ever have to cross the Bermuda Triangle.

After reading

ek

se m pl ar

Surely the sun shall shine soon.

Talk about it!

Vu

incidents hendelsene

rd er in gs

a Find two other names for the Bermuda Triangle in the text. b What do you think could have happened to Flight 19? c How would you feel if you had to cross the Bermuda Triangle?

currents strømmer

tidal waves tidevannsbølger unusual uvanlige conditions forholdene direction retning to calm us down for å berolige oss amount her: mengde

220

Wo r k bo o k 6 :3 0 — 6 : 33

a From what you read about the Bermuda Triangle, do you think there is something mysterious about it?

I think ... because ...

I don’t think ... because ...

It seems likely that ...

It seems unlikely that ...

There is evidence that ...

There is no evidence that ...

I Thought I Saw a Ghost Last Night I thought I saw a ghost last night – a goblin or a ghoul, an ugly little creature oozing slobber and some drool.

Before reading Do you believe in ghosts? Give reasons.

goblin nisse ghoul her: fælt vesen oozing dryppende

It had an eerie figure and a huge gigantic nose.

It wasn’t wearing sneakers and it wasn’t wearing clothes.

slobber sikkel drool sikkel

se m pl ar

eerie nifs, uhyggelig catch some z’s her: sove

It floated through my bedroom as I tried to catch some z’s.

It appeared to have some pimples or an awful skin disease.

appeared så ut til pimples kviser skin disease hudsykdom loomed kom til syne

After reading

Vu

Paul Orshoski

rd er in gs

I rubbed the sleep from both my eyes and loomed a little nearer.

I knew what I had seen was just my image in the mirror.

ek

image her: speilbilde

a Describe the ghost. b What does it mean “to catch some z’s”? c When does the person in the poem realise that he is alone in the room?

Talk about it! a What do you do if you are afraid at night? b What would you say to a friend who was afraid of ghosts?

Wor k book 6 :34 — 6 : 3 5

221

Before reading Scan the introduction to the story. Who are the main characters?

Have you read other stories by David Walliams? What kind of stories does he write?

Awful Auntie Stella Saxby is the sole heir to Saxby Hall. But awful Aunt Alberta and her giant owl will stop at nothing to get it from her ... Luckily, Stella has a secret, and slighty spooky, weapon up her sleeve, her friend, Soot, the ghost of a cockney chimney sweep ...

sole heir enearving slightly her: ganske up her sleeve idiom: i ermet cockney Londonbeboer (fra Londons østkant)

ek

chimney sweep feier

se m pl ar

awful forferdelige

Vu

rd er in gs

awfulness gru

222

Vu

rd er in gs

ek

se m pl ar

Here Aunt Alberta is in all her awful awfulness ...

223

Ants in Pants

force tvinge

Stella’s thinking was simple. The girl now had to fight to force this evil woman out of her home. Forever. Alberta had killed her mother and father. Now she would stop at nothing to force Stella to sign over Saxby Hall to her, even resorting to torture.

Together in the attic, she and Soot began dreaming up the most diabolical tricks they could play on Alberta. They needed tricks that were sure to make the girl’s aunt scurry away from Saxby Hall screaming for mercy!

resorting to ty til diabolic djevelske scurry away fare av sted mercy nåde sheltered beskyttet upbringing oppvekst vast her: digert posh snobbete exclaimed utbrøt

se m pl ar

pulled a face skar grimaser lame her: tamt load of tosh tøys offended fornærmet suggestions forslag workhouse fattighus

rd er in gs

ek

survive overleve

Vu

Stella found it hard to think of anything at first. She’d had such a sheltered upbringing, growing up in a vast country house and educated at a posh school for girls.

“Let’s hide one of each of her pairs of socks! Then when she puts them on in the morning they will be odd!” she exclaimed.

Soot pulled a face. The boy had never even owned a pair of socks, so the idea of torturing Alberta by making her wear odd ones sounded lame.

“With respect, m’lady. That is a load of tosh!”

Stella was more than a little offended. “Well, I would like to hear your suggestions!”

Soot thought for a moment. Having grown up in a workhouse he had learned you had to be tough just to survive. He had seen the boys play the meanest tricks on each other in the

STOP THINK

What would you have done to play a trick on Alberta?

224

years he spent there. “We need to put ants in her pants!”

“Ants in her pants?” asked the girl.

“Yep. And that’s just for starters!”

For a moment Stella looked shocked, but then her face lit up at the thought. Soon she was trying to top Soot’s idea.

“Flood her floor with marbles!”

The ghost went further still. “Make ‘er pipe go boom!”

In just a few minutes together they had a long list of tricks:

flood oversvømme marbles klinkekuler make’er pipe (make her pipe) få pipa hennes knicker drawer undertøysskuff nursery barnerom substitute erstatte cartridge patron study arbeidsrom

– Flood her carpet with marbles. There was a huge box of them in the nursery.

boot polish skokrem shard of glass glasskår

se m pl ar

– Put a nest of ants from the garden in her knicker drawer.

cracked her: sprukne toilet bowl toalettskål

– Take all the tobacco out of her pipe and substitute it with

rd er in gs

Papa’s desk in his study.

ek

gunpowder from a shotgun cartridge found in the drawer of – Mix the bubbliest bubble bath from Mama’s bathroom in with the woman’s toothpaste.

Vu

– Cut open her bar of soap and put black boot polish from the kitchen inside.

– Go to the garage to find a shard of glass from the Rolls Royce’s cracked windscreen. Then place it in her toilet bowl so when she pees it sprays right back up at her!

STOP THINK

Which tricks do you think they will play on Aunt Alberta?

225

se m pl ar ek rd er in gs Vu

The pair was so enthused dreaming up the list, they could have added to it until dawn. However, there was no time to lose, and they immediately set to work putting their plans into action.

As they could hear Aunt Alberta snoring downstairs in her bedroom they knew they were safe for a little while at least.

The tiny fireplace in the attic would be their escape route.

It was quite a squeeze, but once inside they could use all of Saxby Hall’s vast network of chimneys and chutes. Together they would have the full run of the house. So Stella followed Soot into the attic chimney, just managing to squeeze her body inside.

All through the night they climbed up and down the vast network of tunnels and chutes, gathering all the props they needed to play tricks on the nasty auntie.

enthused begeistret added lagt til dawn daggry immediately med en gang quite a squeeze trangt chutes sjakter run of fri tilgang til gathering samlet props rekvisitter

226

Just as the two were spreading marbles on to the carpet in Alberta’s room as she slept, her beloved owl tucked up in bed next to her, Stella noticed something. The curtains were beginning to glow with the sun behind them – dawn was breaking. The pair quickly disappeared into the fireplace in Alberta’s bedroom, and climbed back up into the attic. Once there Soot tied Stella back to the Owl-Rack so Aunt Alberta would be fooled into thinking her niece hadn’t moved all night.

David Walliams, illustrated by Tony Ross

STOP THINK

What do you think will happen next in the story?

Talk about it!

rd er in gs

Describe Aunt Alberta.

Why does Stella want to get rid of her aunt?

Who is Soot, and how can he help her?

What is the difference between Stella’s ideas and Soot’s ideas?

Which of the tricks on the list do you like the most?

Which of the tricks on the list do you think will scare Stella’s aunt the most?

How do you think Stella will cope on her own in Saxby Hall?

Vu

a b c d e f g

rack her: stativ

ek

After reading

disappeared forsvant

se m pl ar

Downstairs, the grandfather clock chimed six o’clock, waking Aunt Alberta up.

BONG BONG BONG BONG BONG BONG. The fun was about to begin!

beloved elskede

a Have you ever had an imaginary friend? What was he or she like? b Do you know other stories that include an imaginary friend? c Make a list of pros and cons about having an imaginary friend.

BUS STOP

Work in pairs and continue the list of tricks that Stella and Soot wrote.

Wor k book 6 :36 — 6 : 3 8

227

se m pl ar

ek

rd er in gs

Vu

se m pl ar

LANGUAGE WORK

Vu

rd er in gs

ek

Sounds – Tongue Twisters 230 Grammar 232 Word Classes 232 Nouns 233 The Articles 235 Adjectives 236 Adverbs 237 Personal Pronouns 238 Possessive Pronouns and Determiners 239 Reflexive Pronouns 240 Verbs 240 Asking and Answering Questions 248 Relative Pronouns – Who or Which? 249 Some or Any? 250 Prepositions 251 There Is / There Are 252 It is 252 Linking Words 253 Prefixes and Suffixes 254 Multi-verb Verbs 254 Subject and Verb Agreement 255

229

Sounds – Tongue Twisters

ek

ࡢऌ

rd er in gs

Betty Botter bought some butter; «But,» said she, «this butter’s bitter!

If I put it in my batter It will make my batter bitter.

But a bit of better butter Will but make my batter better.»

Then she bought a bit of butter Better than the bitter butter, Made her bitter batter better.

So ‘twas better Betty Botter bought a bit of better butter.

se m pl ar

ࡧ

ࡨࡧ

Vu

Bear scored four goals with his paw, Bear caught the ball and scored once more.

That’s enough, thought Wolf quite sore, and made a hole in the ball with his claw.

Here is a pear, my dear.

You can give it to the deer over there.

Hࡧ I swear I brought a pair to wear Now I can’t find them anywhere I looked upstairs, and in the chair I searched over here, I checked over there I dare say you know the truth Please be fair – tell me where!

230

ॱࡧ Poor pure Pierre. Poor pure Pierre. Poor pure Pierre.

Gࣘ Jack is wearing a giant jumper and jeans.

/v/ /w/ A very wet vet went home.

è ࣎

She sells sea shells on the sea shore.

Sure, sir, the ship’s sure shipshape, sir.

W६ /z/

rd er in gs

A cheap cheese sandwich, please!

ek

V६

se m pl ar

The thin twin Tim and the thirsty twin Tom went together.

I thought I thought of thinking of thanking you.

Vu

Fuzzy Wuzzy was a bear, Fuzzy Wuzzy had no hair, Fuzzy Wuzzy wasn’t very fuzzy, was he?

231

Grammar Word Classes The word classes are the building blocks of any language.

English has nine word classes.

Vu

rd er in gs

ek

se m pl ar

verb adjective conjunction preposition determiner n u o n n o i t c e j r inte a pronoun dverb 232

Nouns (substantiv)

a witch

a ghost

rd er in gs

ek

a leaf

se m pl ar

Nouns tell us the names of things, places, animals and people: a snail, an apple, milk, cheese, London, New York, Peter and Mary.

a snail en snegl the snail sneglen

Vu

One or Many?

snails snegler the snails sneglene

We put -s at the end of a word to show that there are many.

Singular

Plural

one cow

many cows

one dog

many dogs

233

Some Special Nouns Plural

one fly

many flies

one bus

many buses

one foot

many feet

one child

many children

se m pl ar

many leaves

Plural shelves knives lives men women geese wolves sheep mice

Vu

rd er in gs

one leaf

Singular shelf knife life man woman goose wolf sheep mouse

ek

Singular

Nouns you cannot count (uncountables) milk, cheese, bread, homework milk: some milk – a lot of milk cheese: two pieces of cheese bread: a slice of bread homework: a little homework – lots of homework

234

People and money are always plural, even if they do not end with an -s.

Some nouns only have the plural form shorts, tights, jeans, headphones, stairs, scissors, glasses a pair of shorts a set of headphones many pairs of jeans

Vowels

The Articles

A, E, I, O, U

se m pl ar

The Indefinite Article (ubestemt artikkel) The indefinite article in English is a or an.

Use an in front of words that start with a vowel sound.

Use a in front of words that start with a consonant sound.

a wolf a fridge

an enormous ice cream an open eye an exciting hour

ek

a chocolate ice cream a black eye a full hour

rd er in gs

an ice cream an eye an hour

an evil wolf an empty fridge

a dead wolf a full fridge

Vu

The Definite Article (bestemt artikkel) The definite article in English is the. the snail = sneglen the snails = sneglene

Say these two phrases: the snail – the eye.

The is pronounced differently in these two examples. What is the difference?

235

Adjectives

Superlative

nicer

nicest

Stum -e faller bort.

hotter

hottest

Konsonanten dobles i en del korte adjektiver.

funnier

funniest

-y endres til –i etter konsonant.

good

better

best

Uregelrett gradbøying.

bad

worse

worst

Uregelrett gradbøying.

difficult

more difficult

most difficult

Er det mer enn to stavelser, gradbøyer vi med more og most.

nice hot funny

236

the strongest girl the girl is the strongest

Comparative

Vu

Positive

a stronger girl the girl is stronger

rd er in gs

a strong girl the girl is strong

ek

se m pl ar

Adjectives describe things, animals, persons or places. We use adjectives when we compare things and describe the difference.

Adverbs Adverbs are used to describe how something is done (a verb).

We do things differently on our planet.

The children waited patiently in the kitchen.

se m pl ar

Adverbs are also used to describe an adjective or another adverb: Jack woke up unusually early.

Camel meat tastes surprisingly good.

Susan’s visit went totally wrong.

Many adverbs are made by adding -ly to an adjective: quick – quickly clear – clearly happy – happily angry – angrily unusual – unusually

ek

-ly

rd er in gs

Remember: good – well He told a good story. He told the story well.

Vu

Some adjectives and adverbs are the same: hard – hard fast – fast This is hard work. (adjective) Dette er hardt arbeid.

She works hard. (adverb) Hun jobber hardt.

Zoom sang happily.

Zoom performed well.

Zoom is reading eagerly.

237

Personal Pronouns (personlige pronomen) Personal pronouns are words which can replace nouns.

Lisa is a girl. = She is a girl.

The classroom is big. = It is big.

John and I are good friends. = We are good friends.

My parents are nice. = They are nice.

se m pl ar

Remember that the word «I» is written with a capital letter!

Person Singular (entall)

Subject

Object

I

me

you

you

he she it

him her it

we

us

2nd person

you

you

3rd person

they

them

1st person 2nd person

1st person

rd er in gs

Plural (flertall)

ek

3rd person

Vu

He is my friend. I like him.

We are nice to them, and they are nice to us.

You are cool, Zoom!

238

You are cool, too, Sandra and Jim!

Possessive Pronouns and Determiners (eiendomsord) Singular (entall)

Person

Before a noun

On its own

1st person

my

mine

3rd person

his her its

his hers –

1st person

our

ours

2nd person

your

yours

their

theirs

Plural (flertall)

3rd person

se m pl ar

2nd person

We use these words to show who or what something belongs to.

rd er in gs

ek

Determiners must be put before a noun.

It is my present.

Possessive pronouns can stand on their own.

The present is mine.

Vu

The present is MINE!

239

Reflexive Pronouns (refleksive pronomen) We use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object are the same.

Tom is looking at himself.

We can take care of ourselves.

Personal pronouns

Reflexive Pronouns

Singular (entall)

I you he she it

me you him her it

Plural (flertall)

we you they

us you them

ourselves yourselves themselves

rd er in gs

Verbs

myself yourself himself herself itself

se m pl ar

Object

ek

Subject

A verb tells us what you do or what happens: like, play, help, try, live.

Vu

Verbs in the Present Tense (verb i presens) I live in Norway.

You live in England.

He lives in Texas.

She lives in Sydney.

It lives in the sea.

We live in Scandinavia.

You live in Australia.

They live in New Zealand.

240

-s

When do we add an -s to the verb?

This Is What Matt Does Every Day Matt brushes his teeth.

Matt washes his face.

ek

se m pl ar

Matt combs his hair.

To Be (å være)

rd er in gs

In English you can say the Norwegian word «er» in three different ways: am, are, is.

Vu

Lisa = She is a girl.

The classroom = It is big.

John and I = We are good friends.

My parents = They are nice.

I am hungry.

You are hungry.

He is hungry.

She is hungry.

It is hungry.

We are hungry.

You are hungry.

They are hungry.

241

To Have (å ha)

To Do (å gjøre)

I have 20 football cards.

You have 65 football cards.

He has 41 football cards.

She has 39 football cards.

It has no football cards.

We have 85 football cards.

You have 145 football cards.

They have 80 football cards.

I do the hokey cokey.

You do the hokey cokey.

He does the hokey cokey.

She does the hokey cokey.

It does the hokey cokey.

We do the hokey cokey.

You do the hokey cokey.

They do the hokey cokey.

Vu

rd er in gs

ek

se m pl ar

… and that’s what it’s all about!

242

Verbs: Simple Present and Present Progressive (verb: enkel presens og presens samtidsform) We use the simple present about facts and habits, about things we usually do.

We use the present progressive about something that is happening right now.

Present progressive – actions happening right now

I walk to school every weekday.

I am walking to school now.

You laugh all the time.

You are laughing at Zoom!

He makes a cake every week.

He is making a cake as we speak.

She plays basketball on Tuesday.

She is playing basketball right now.

My cat (it) sleeps all day long.

It is sleeping here and now.

We sing in a choir.

We are singing in a show at the moment.

You practise the guitar day after day.

You are practising now even if it’s a holiday.

ek

They are reading all these rules in turn.

rd er in gs

They read grammar rules to learn.

se m pl ar

Simple present – about facts and habits

to be + ing

Vu

What are they doing?

He is brushing his teeth.

He is playing the drums.

He is walking the dog.

243

Verbs in the Past Tense (verb i preteritum) We use the past tense when we talk about actions that have already happened: yesterday, last week, last year, in 2002 or five years ago.

Regular verbs We add -ed to regular verbs in the past tense.

If the word ends with -e, we only add -d.

We normally don’t pronounce the -e.

-ed se m pl ar

to live – lived to work – worked to open – opened to try – tried

rd er in gs

ek

They lived in Singapore in 2002.

Sheila worked hard to remember all the cards.

I opened the window.

John tried to break world records last week.

Vu

When the last sound in a verb is /t/ or /d/, you pronounce it /id/. to hate – hated to add – added to protect – protected

Irregular verbs

Some verbs are irregular.

That means we cannot simply add -ed in the past tense. to say – said to think – thought to break – broke

244

to dig – dug to find – found to know – knew

said thought blew broke

John said he had tried to break many records last week.

He thought he could do it.

He broke the old record.

Mr Brown dug for three years.

He found an old ship.

See list of Mr Brown knew he had found a treasure. irregular verbs

on page 256.

To be in the past tense

se m pl ar

Am/is becomes was in the past tense.

Are becomes were in the past tense.

Vu

rd er in gs

I was a pirate.

You were a thief.

He was a king.

She was an archeologist.

It was a golden coffin.

We were gold diggers.

You were treasure hunters.

They were scientists.

ek

Today I am in London. Yesterday I was in Dublin.

Today the gold diggers are happy. Yesterday the gold diggers were sad.

245

Verbs: Simple Past and Past Progressive (verb: enkel preteritum og preteritum samtidsform) Past progressive – actions going on when something else happened

I changed my clothes after the game.

I was changing my clothes when they walked in.

Tom wrote a rap.

Tom was writing a rap when the lights went out.

Diya drank tea with me yesterday.

She was drinking tea when her phone rang.

This morning they helped a man across the street.

They were helping a man across the street when the bus came.

Present Perfect (presens perfektum)

se m pl ar

Simple past – about completed actions

was/were + ing

to listen to finish to eat

have/has listened

finished

have/has finished

ate

have/has eaten

saw

have/has seen

With regular verbs: I have listened to the music.

Have you finished?

With irregular verbs: We have eaten our lunch.

I have seen the film.

246

Present perfect tense

listened

Vu

to see

Past tense

rd er in gs

Infinitive

ek

The present perfect is formed by the verb have/has and the past participle of the verb.

The Future (presens futurum) When we talk about something which is going to happen in the future, we can use will or going to.

Hold on, kids! It is going to / will be a bumpy ride.

Vu

rd er in gs

ek

se m pl ar

It looks like it is going to rain.

It looks like it will rain.

Oh, no! We will get soaking wet.

Oh, no! We are going to get soaking wet.

247

Asking and Answering Questions Question words Who are you?

Where do you live?

When is the concert?

Why are you going?

What are you doing?

Which colour do you want, red or blue?

How will you do it?

person, people position, place time, occasion, moment reason, explanation specific thing, object choice, alternative way, manner

se m pl ar

who? where? when? why? what? which? how?

To do

rd er in gs

Remember to use does when you talk about he, she or it.

Question: Does he speak English?

Answer: He speaks English.

ek

Questions and answers in the present tense: Question: Do you speak English?

Do they eat dragons?

Answer: Yes, I do. No, I don’t.

Vu

Questions and answers in the past tense: Question: Did they live in Italy?

Answer: They lived in Italy.

Phew! What a relief.

248

Question

Positive answer

Negative answer

Do I need a dictionary?

Yes, you do.

No, you don’t.

Does she play handball?

Yes, she does.

No, she doesn’t.

Did he go to the dentist?

Yes, he did.

No, he didn’t.

No, they don’t.

To have

Have you got any football cards?

Has Zoom taken your football cards?

se m pl ar

Have they found the missing cards?

No, I haven’t.

ek

No, they haven’t.

rd er in gs

No, he hasn’t.

Vu

Relative Pronouns – Who or Which? (som) We use who to refer to people.

Nate is a boy who likes climbing.

Uncle Morton is the man who owns a dragon.

We use which to refer to animals or things.

You can read the books which are in the library for free.

The tiger which was caught yesterday was really beautiful.

Who and which can sometimes be replaced by that.

249

Some or Any? (noen) In general, some is used in positive sentences: There are some stars in the sky.

I saw something in the sky.

Somebody was out there.

some something someone somebody

any anything anyone anybody

se m pl ar

In general, any is used in negative sentences and questions: I can’t see any stars in the sky tonight.

Is there any food left?

I did not see anything.

Is there anyone out there?

rd er in gs

ek

We can use some in questions when we offer or ask for something.

Then we expect a positive answer: Would you like some more ice cream?

Could I have some milk, please?

Vu

Is there anybody out there?

250

Prepositions

under

above

in

below

outside

inside

between

next to

opposite

Vu

in front of

rd er in gs

ek

on

se m pl ar

Prepositions tell us where something or someone is.

behind

251

There Is / There Are We use there is when there is only one thing.

We use there are when there are two or more things.

Vu

It is

rd er in gs

ek

se m pl ar

There is one rubbish bin in the classroom. Look! There is a dragon in the bin. No, there are two dragons in the bin.

It is is used about time, distance, weather and temperature.

It is seven o’clock.

It is three kilometres.

It is raining.

It is warm outside.

252

Linking Words (bindeord)

Vu

rd er in gs

ek

se m pl ar

since after and but so unless because if before until although once where when that while for example even if or whenever firstly secondly finally in addition also however to sum up 253

Prefixes and Suffixes Prefixes A prefix is placed in front of a word.

The prefix usually changes the meaning of the word, but not the word class.

The prefix un means not, so it changes the meaning of the word happy to not happy:

un + happy = unhappy

se m pl ar

Suffixes

rd er in gs

ek

A suffix is placed at the end of a word.

The suffix usually changes the meaning of the word.

Sometimes it also changes the word class.

The suffix -er means one who so it changes the meaning of the word to read to one who reads.

read + er = reader read = verb reader = noun

Multi-word verbs

Vu

Multi-word verbs are made with a basic verb and another word or words. Example:

to look for

to look

to look up

254

to look out

to look after

put on stand up switch off

Subject and Verb Agreement How do we find the subject and the verb in a sentence?

First, find the verb: What is the action / what happens in this sentence?

Then, find the subject: who likes or who travel?

The answer tells you what the subject is.

Sheila likes ice cream. v

My parents travel a lot. s

v

se m pl ar

s

rd er in gs

ek

If the subject is singular, the verb must be singular too.

If the subject is plural, the verb must be plural too.

Plural

I play

we play

you play

you play

he/she/it plays

they play

Vu

Singular

Kabir is walking his dogs. s

v

The dogs are walking Kabir. s

v

255

Irregular Verbs (Uregelrette verb) Past tense

Perfect participle

be

was, were

been

være

beat

beat

beaten

slå

become

became

become

bli

begin

began

begun

begynne

bend

bent

bent

bøye

bet

bet

bet

vedde

bite

bit

bitten

bite

blow

blew

blown

blåse

break

broke

broken

brekke

bring

brought

brought

bringe

build

built

built

bygge

burn

burned/burnt

burned/burnt

brenne

buy

bought

bought

kjøpe

catch

caught

caught

fange

ek chosen

velge

came

come

komme

cost

cost

koste

cut

cut

kutte

dug

dug

grave

did

done

gjøre

drew

drawn

tegne

dream

dreamed/dreamt

dreamed/dreamt

drømme

drink

drank

drunk

drikke

drive

drove

driven

kjøre

eat

ate

eaten

spise

fall

fell

fallen

falle

feed

fed

fed

mate

feel

felt

felt

føle

fight

fought

fought

slåss

come cost cut dig do draw

256

rd er in gs chose

Vu

choose

se m pl ar

Infinitive

found

found

finne

fly

flew

flown

fly

forget

forgot

forgotten

glemme

freeze

froze

frozen

fryse

get

got

got/gotten

få, komme, bli

give

gave

given

gi

go

went

gone

reise, gå

grow

grew

grown

dyrke, vokse

hang

hung

hung

henge

have

had

had

ha, få, spise

hear

heard

heard

høre

hide

hid

hidden

gjemme

hit

hit

hit

slå

hold

held

held

holde

hurt

hurt

hurt

gjøre vondt, såre, skade

keep

kept

kept

beholde, holde

ek

rd er in gs knew

known

vite, kjenne, kunne

laid

laid

legge, dekke (bordet)

learned/learnt

learned/learnt

lære

left

left

forlate

lent

lent

låne (bort)

let

let

la, tillate

lay

lain

ligge

lose

lost

lost

miste, tape

make

made

made

gjøre, lage

mean

meant

meant

bety, mene

meet

met

met

møte, treffe

pay

paid

paid

betale

put

put

put

legge, sette

read

read

read

lese

ride

rode

ridden

ri

lay learn leave lend let lie

Vu

know

se m pl ar

find

257

rang

rung

ringe

rise

rose

risen

reise seg, stige, heve

run

ran

run

løpe

say

said

said

si

see

saw

seen

se, forstå

sell

sold

sold

selge

send

sent

sent

sende

shake

shook

shaken

riste

show

showed

showed/shown

vise

shut

shut

shut

lukke, stenge

sing

sang

sung

synge

sink

sank

sunk

synke

sit

sat

sat

sitte

sleep

slept

slept

sove

smell

smelled/smelt

smelled/smelt

lukte

speak

spoke

spoken

snakke

spend

spent

spent

bruke, tilbringe

steal swim take

ek stood

stå

stole

stolen

stjele

swam

swum

svømme

took

taken

ta

taught

taught

lære bort, undervise

told

told

fortelle, si

think

thought

thought

tenke, synes, tro

throw

threw

thrown

kaste

understand

understood

understood

forstå

wake

woke

woken

vekke, våkne

wear

wore

worn

ha på seg

win

won

won

vinne

write

wrote

written

skrive

tell

258

stood

Vu

teach

rd er in gs

stand

se m pl ar

ring

GLOSSARY

Vu

B badly dårlig bangs pannelugg banish forvise banned forbudt banner banner, fane barren ufruktbar based in med base i basic grunnleggende bay leaf laurbærblad bazaar marked beak nebb beam stråle bear orke beast dyr beat slag beef storfekjøtt beg trygle beggar tigger belief tro belong høre til beloved elskede benefit fordel billion milliard blame skylde på blanket teppe bless velsigne block kube blockbuster suksess bloodstain blodflekk

se m pl ar

rd er in gs

ability evne abolish avskaffe above over abroad utlandet access tilgang accidentally tilfeldigvis, ved et uhell according to ifølge achieve oppnår, klarer achievement bragd, prestasjon acknowledge anerkjenne, legge merke til actor rolleinnehaver, skuespiller actress skuespillerinne actually faktisk add legge til addition tillegg, utvidelse address tiltale admire beundre afar langt borte against mot ages evigheter, kjempelenge aglow glødende, skinnende aim mål alien fremmed, romvesen allow tillate amaze forbløffe

amazing forbløffende among blant amount antall, mengde ancestor forfedre ancient eldgammel, fortidsanti- mot, antianxious spent, engstelig apologise be om unnskyldning appealing fristende appear se ut til area område argue krangle arrival ankomst, nyankommet person athlete idrettsutøver atrocious grusomme attempt forsøk audience publikum author forfatter average gjennomsnittlige, gjennomsnittsaward pris, tildele award-winning prisvinnende awareness bevissthet awesome fantastisk, imponerende awful forferdelig awfulness gru

ek

A

259

Vu

C

caged up innesperret calabash type gresskar call upon tilkalle calm us down berolige oss come by gå forbi come to our rescue redde oss can (hermetikk)boks candlelight levende lys capital city hovedstad

260

clown fish klovnefisk coach trener coat jakke cockney Londonbeboer (fra Londons østkant) co-founded utviklet sammen med en annen coil around kveile rundt collect samle command kommandere commit begå common vanlig Commonwealth Samveldet communal felles communicate kommunisere community samfunn compare sammenligne comparison sammenligning compete konkurrere complete fullstendig complex sammensatt complicated vanskelig component bestanddel concern bekymring concerned bekymret conditions forholdene confess innrømme, tilstå confident selvsikker connect binde sammen connection forbindelse consist of bestå av construction konstruksjon consume forbruke container beholder contain romme

ek

se m pl ar

capsize kantre care about bry seg om, være glad i care omsorg carnation nellik carol julesang carpentry snekring carry on fortsette cartridge patron carved skåret, hugget ut case sak, tilfelle cattle kveg cause rettferdig sak ceiling tak celebration feiring celebrity kjendis cerebral palsy cerebral parese challenge utfordring charitable veldedig charity veldedighetsorganisasjon chase jage etter cheer on heie på cheetah gepard child labour barnearbeid chimney sweep feier choice valg chores hjemmeplikter chute sjakt cinnamon kanel citizen borger claim hevde clean ren clouds skyer

rd er in gs

blurb vaskeseddel, baksidetekst boiler kjele boot polish skokrem border grense, grense til bother forstyrre bound bundet bow baug braid flette brave modig break bryte breathe puste breed ale opp breeding avl brief kort broad bred brush marker tusj som dekker mye bucket bøtte bun hårknute bury gravlegge bush tynt befolket område buzzing full av liv

Vu

D dagger dolk, kniv damage skade dance troupe dansegruppe danger fare dare tørre daring dristig

distress signal nødsignal distribute dele ut divide dele divorce skilsmisse dizzy svimmel doomed fortapt do well gjøre det bra drawer skuff dreadlocks rastafletter dreamtime mytisk fortid i australsk urfolkstro dried tørket drool sikkel due to skyldes dutiful pliktoppfyllende

ek

se m pl ar

dash gå fort dawn daggry deadly dødelig decide bestemme declare fastslå, kunngjøre decorate pynte decoration pynt defeat slå, vinne over defend forsvare demand kreve deny nekte depend on avhenge av desert ørken designer formgiver destroy ødelegge develop utvikle seg developed utviklet developer utvikler developing countries utviklingsland diabolic djevelske differ varierer digest fordøye dignity verdighet directed regissert direction retning disability funksjonsnedsettelse disappear forsvinne disappointment skuffelse disc tallerken discord uenighet discove r oppdage disease sykdom disguise forkledning

rd er in gs

convict straffange convince overtale convincing overbevisende coral reef korallrev corner shop nærbutikk costume kostyme courage mot crack knekke cracked sprukne cracker smellbonbon craft håndverk crayfish kreps create lage, skape creatively på en kreativ måte creature levende skapning, vesen crowd folkemengde crowded overfylt crown-of-thorns starfish tornekrone (en type sjøstjerne) cruel grusomt curious nysgjerrig currency valuta currently for tiden currents strømmer

E

ear trumpet hørerør edge kant education utdanning eerie nifs, uhyggelig either noen av elective subject valgfag embarrassed flau empire rike enclosure inngjerding encourage oppfordre endangered truede endless uendelige endure holde ut engineer ingeniør entertain underholde entertainment underholdning enthuse begeistre

261

F

Vu

262

founded grunnlagt founder grunnlegger fountain fontene friar munk fuel brensel funnel pipe furious rasende furniture møbler future framtid, framtidige

G

ek

se m pl ar

face stå overfor facilities anlegg fad påfunn fade blekne familiar kjent far away langt av gårde farming landbruk farther lenger fateful skjebnesvangre fear frykt feature karakteristiske trekk feeble svake female hunkjønn fetch hente feud feide, strid fiancé forlovede fictional litterær, oppdiktet fierce voldsom figure out finne ut fingerprint fingeravtrykk fireworks fyrverkeri fizzy med kullsyre flickering flimrende flood oversvømme, flomme over flooding flom flow flyte follower tilhenger foolish tåpelig force tvinge forcefully kraftig former tidligere fight (fought) kjempe

rd er in gs

entire hele environment miljø environmentalist miljøforkjemper equal likestilte equality likhet erosion erosjon escape flykte, rømme essential grunnleggende, uvurderlig evaporate fordampe event begivenhet event hendelse, øvelse eventually til slutt except unntatt exception unntak excerpt utdrag excitement spenning exciting spennende exclaim utbryte exercise routine treningsopplegg exhausted utslitt expand utvide seg expect forvente, regne med experience erfaring explore utforske explorer oppdager express gi uttrykk for, uttrykke express train hurtigtog extinct utdødd, utryddet extinction utryddelse extract utdrag

gallon ca. 4,5 liter game spill game reserve viltpark garland blomsterkrans garlic hvitløk gather samle seg gathered samlet gaze stirre gender kjønn getting used to bli vant til ghoul fælt vesen ginger ingefær glamorous glamorøs glassy glassaktig glue lim goblin nisse go on about gnåle videre om gourd gresskar government regjering grab ta tak i graze beite greedy grådige grown-up voksen

H

J jerry can bensinkanne jitters kribling, nervøsitet jug mugge

K keep away from holde seg unna keeper vokter keepy uppies triks (med ball) keyboard tastatur kingfisher isfugl knickers undertøy knobbly klumpete knowledge kunnskap

Vu

rd er in gs

ek

se m pl ar

import importere habit vane important viktig habitat habitat, naturlig miljø impressed imponert handle takle impression inntrykk headquarter hovedkvarter improve forbedre heartbroken sønderknust in addition i tillegg heave hive, slepe, dra in common til felles hidden skjult in reality i virkeligheten hideout gjemmested incident hendelse high school ungdoms- og increase øke videregående skole incredible utrolig highlighter markeringstusj indeed virkelig hollow hul independent selvstendig homeless hjemløs indigenous people honeymooners par på urbefolkning bryllupsreise individual enkeltperson honour ære infamous beryktet hover sveve influential innflytelsesrik huge enorm, kjempestor injuries skader human menneske injustice urettferdighet humble ydmyk ink blekk humid fuktig innocent uskyldig hump pukkel insist insistere humpback whale knølhval inspect granske hunter-gatherers jegere inspire inspirere og samlere interact samhandle hurdles hinderløp interpret tolke hut hytte invent finne opp inventor oppfinner I inventory verktøykasse illegal ulovlig investigation etterforskning image bilde island øy imagine forestille seg item gjenstand immediately med en gang, umiddelbart

L ladder stige lame lamt, tamt language språk lapel jakkeslag lash pisk last siste later senere law lov laze around late seg level nivå lifeless livløs light tenne light bulb lyspære lightning lyn limited begrenset linguist språkforsker lionfish drakefisk

263

Vu

magician tryllekunstner magnify forsterke maiden voyage jomfrutur mail post main course hovedrett main hovedmajor language stort språk makeshift provisorisk male hankjønn mammal pattedyr manage klare, styre marble klinkekule masquerade party maskeradeball master herre matter bety noe

264

notice legge merke til nursery barnerom nutmeg muskat(nøtt) nutrient næringsstoff

O odd rart offended fornærmet offensive fornærmende offer tilby offstage utenfor scenen once en gang oozing dryppende opinion mening opportunity mulighet optical illusion synsbedrag order beordre, bestille orphan foreldreløs outback villmark, ødemark outskirts utkanten outstanding fremragende overset kantret overturn velte overwhelming overveldende

se m pl ar

ek

M

means of transportation framkomstmiddel meat kjøtt mercy nåde message beskjed, melding, budskap mince pie liten pai med hakket, tørket frukt missing savnet mission oppdrag moan klage mock narre moisture fuktighet moment øyeblikk mood humør mostly hovedsakelig mountain range fjellkjede move flytte move off kjøre videre muffled dempede mule muldyr multiple flere mustache (AE) bart mutter mumle

rd er in gs

lip-synced mimet liquid væske literate lesedyktig litter avfall, søppel livestock buskap livestreaming direktestrømming loaded fylt opp locate plassere location lokalisering lodge hytte log trestamme logging trefelling loom komme til syne loss tap luck flaks lyrics sangtekst

N narrator forteller nasty stygg nature reserve naturreservat nest reir newbies nybegynnere nickname kallenavn noble edle non-white ikke-hvit

P pack flokk paper avis parrot papegøye passion lidenskap passionate lidenskapelig patient tålmodig pattern mønster pay attention følge med

Vu

R rack her: stativ radio transmission radiosending raft flåte raged herjet raging rasende railway jernbane raise samle inn rare sjelden reach nå realise virkeliggjøre reasoning tankegang rebuild starte på nytt receive motta receiver mottaker recommend anbefale record ta opp reef rev refugee flyktning regard betrakte reject avvise relative slektning relay stafett release frigjøre, løslate, slippe fri released utgitt rely on stole på remain forbli remove fjerne replay spille av reply svare reputation rykte rescue unnsetning, redning, redde

ek

se m pl ar

pound dunke pour down øse ned powerful mektig precious verdifull prepare forberede presence tilstedeværelse present nåtid pressure press previous forrige prey byttedyr pride stolthet prisoner fange problem-solving problemløsing procedure prosedyre, framgangsmåte profession yrke programme program promote fremme pronunciation uttale property eiendom props rekvisitter protect beskytte protection beskyttelse proud stolt prove bevise provide skaffe publish gi ut publisher forlegger punch slå ned, felle puzzled forvirret

rd er in gs

pebble småstein percussion slaginstrumenter performance prestasjon perform framføre, opptre persuade overbevise petition underskriftskampanje philosopher filosof pickles sylteagurker piece del pile haug pile up hope seg opp pimple kvise piped lagt i rør plain slette platypus nebbdyr play tricks lure playwright skuespillforfatter pleasant pen, behagelig please glede poacher krypskytter poaching krypskytteri poet dikter poetry poesi poison gift policy politikk pollute forurense pollution forurensing population befolkning porpoise nise port havn posh snobbete posses grupper possibility mulighet pouch pung

Q quay kai quite a squeeze trangt

265

Vu

S

sacred hellig sadly dessverre satisfying tilfredsstillende saw sag scarce knapp scarlet skarlagensrød schedule rute, tidtabell scientist forsker screenwriter manusforfatter script skrift sculpture skulptur

266

slit flenge slither gli slobber sikkel smell lukt society samfunn soil jord sole heir enearving solution løsning solve løse soundly dypt source kilde sow så space plass species art specimen prøveeksemplar spices krydder spill søle spirit ånd spiritual åndelig spitting alle tiders spoil skjemme bort speak out uttale seg spot få øye på spray sjøsprut spring kilde stab knivstikk stage scene staircase trapp stall salgsbod stand united stå samlet stare stirre starling stær starter forrett startle skremme statement uttalelse

ek

se m pl ar

scurry away fare av sted sea turtle havskilpadde search for søke etter season tid på året seasoned krydret, smakstilsatt seaweed tang og tare seed frø segregation adskillelse self-confidence selvtillit serpent slange servant tjener settler nybygger shape forme shard of glass glasskår share del shatter knuse shelter ly sheltered beskyttet shift skifte shipwreck forlis shoelace skolisse shore strand shout at kjefte på shrimps reker signpost skilt similar to ligne simple enkel since siden sip liten slurk sketch skisse skills ferdigheter skim gli lett over skin disease hudsykdom slightly ganske, lett

rd er in gs

research lab forskningslaboratorium resort to ty til resource ressurs respond svare responsibility ansvar responsible for ansvarlig for rest hvil reveal avsløre revert vende tilbake til rhinoceros neshorn rhinos neshorn rhythm rytme rickshaw sykkeltaxi rights rettigheter ripe moden rope tau rude frekk ruler hersker rumour rykte run into møte rush hour rushtiden

suspiciously mistenksomt swallow svelge sway krenge, svinge sweeteners søtningsmiddel swiftly raskt

T

Vu

towards mot trace spor track and field friidrett track spore, følge spor trademark varemerke translate oversette trap fange treasure hunter skattejeger truck lastebil trundle along rulle av sted truth sannhet tuck tulle inn turkey kalkun Turkish bath badstu turn loose slippe løs turn on me vende seg mot meg turtle skilpadde tutorial veiledning twisted vridd

ek

se m pl ar

table manners bordskikk tale fortelling tangled up viklet inn i tap kran task oppgave team player lagspiller tease erte teeka indisk merke på pannen tempest storm terrible forferdelig thoughtful tankefull threat trussel thrive trives throughout gjennom thrust dytte thump dunke tick off krysse av tidal wave tidevannsbølge tide tidevann tilt tippe toilet bowl toalettskål toiletries toalettsaker tomb gravkammer topic tema torpedo bomber bombefly toss around kaste hit og dit tough tøff, vanskelig

rd er in gs

stateroom kabin stern akterende steward stuert sticker klistremerke still fremdeles straight rett, strak straigthen rette ut strangely merkelig stream bekk stressful stressende striking særpreget strive streve struck truffet struggle kjempe, streve struggles utfordringer study arbeidsrom stunning flott submarine ubåt substitute erstatte succeed lykkes suddenly plutselig suggestion forslag suit dress suitable passende supplies forsyninger supply tilgang support forsørge, støtte suppose anta surface overflate surprisingly utrolig nok surrounded by omgitt av survival overlevelse survive overleve survivor overlevende suspect mistenkt

U UN assembly FNs generalforsamling unbelievable utrolig unfairly urettferdig uni-jointed en-leddet unusual uvanlig upbringing oppvekst useful nyttig

V valuable verdifull vanish forsvinne variety variant, utvalg

267

Vu

rd er in gs

wallaby liten kenguruart warfare krigføring war-torn krigsherjet washi tape tape med farger og mønstre

268

world heritage site verdensarvsted worldwide verdensomspennende worried bekymret wind (wound) trekke opp wrap pakke wreck vrak wreckage vrakdeler writer forfatter

Y

se m pl ar

W

waste sløsing, søppel, sløse watchman vakt water cycle vannets kretsløp water vapour vanndamp wealthy rik weapon våpen wedded ekte-, gift weekly ukentlige weight vekt welfare trygd well brønn whirl snurre widespread utbredt wild villmark wildlife dyreliv windscreen frontrute witch-doctor heksedoktor workhouse fattighus

ek

vary variere vast digert venomous giftig venture begi seg vet dyrlege view utsikt viewers seere village landsby violence vold visible synlig voyage sjøreise vulture gribb

youth council ungdomsråd

Z

zappy energisk, livlig zits kviser

Bildeliste

Vu

rd er in gs

ek

se m pl ar

s. 9 Maica/iStock, s. 15 raferto/iStock, s. 17 Ekatarina/iStock, s. 18 a sarra22/iStock, b kali9/iStock, s. 19 a LSOphoto/iStock, b kali9/iStock, s. 20 Boy on High Dive, Norman Rockwell. 1943 Cover illustration for The Saturday Evening Post, August 16, 1947, Norman Rockwell Museum Digital Collection, printed by permission of the Norman Rockwell Family Agency Copyright © 1947 The Norman Rockwell Family Entities, s. 24 Alastair Grant/AP/NTB, s. 25 Bettmann/Getty Images, s. 27 a Nicolas McComber/iStock, b Goldfaery/iStock, s. 28 a mixetto/iStock, b Kerkez/iStock, s. 29 energyy/iStock, s. 32 Annabelle Lee, s. 33 Anadoly Agency/Getty Images, s. 34 Paul Archuletz/Getty Images, s. 38-39 flagg: iStock, s. 38 a Martin Ruegner/NTB, b Patrick Smith/Getty Images, s. 39 a hadynyah/iStock, b artush/Fotolia, s. 41 Rogan Coles/Writer Pictures/NTB, s. 43 a Brendan Esposito/The Sydney Morning Herald, b courtneyk/iStock, s. 44 a Picture Partners/iStock, b Craig RJD/ iStock, s. 45 a Jodi Jacobsen/iStock, b D.Parer & E.Parer-Cook/Minden Pictures, s. 50 Kharidehal Abhirama Ashwin/iStock, s. 51 kerriekerr/iStock, s. 53 Ian MacNicol/Getty Images, s. 55 Matt Jelonek/Wire Image/Getty Images, s. 57 David Gray/ Reuters/NTB, s. 59 a Anantha Vardhan/iStock, b Muralinath/iStock, s. 60 hadynyah/iStock, s. 61 iStock, s. 62 Philippe Michel/ NTB, s. 63 Successo images/Fotolia, s. 66 tracingtea/Fotolia, s. 70 Jayanta Dey/Reuters/NTB, s. 72 Heiko Junge/NTB, s. 77 iStock, b Juan Monino/iStock, s. 78 Ronald Grant Archive/NTB, s. 82 Patrick Smith/Getty Images, s. 83 Xinhua News Agency/NTB, s. 85 a atikinka2/iStock, b fstop123/iStock, s. 86 a davemhuntphoto/Fotolia, b hperry/Fotolia, c Gerard Julien/ NTB, s. 90 Gerard Julien/NTB, s. 101 Lefym Turkin/iStock, s. 102 a m-imagephotography/iStock, b PeopleImages/iStock, c NejroN/iStock, d PeopleImages/iStock, s. 106 Christian Petersen/Getty Images, s. 110 Colin Youngwolff/Riot Games/Getty Images, s. 111 Martin Hunter/Getty Images, s. Erik Joramo/Aschehoug, s. 127 smolaw11/iStock, s. 134 Peter Bischoff/Getty Images, s. 144 University of Pennsylvania Archive, s. 147 Album/Oronoz/NTB, s. 149 Mary Evans Picture Library/NTB, s. 150 ParamountPictures/NTB, s. 158 Ibrinck mmv/iStock, s. 163 Bridgeman, s. 175 Tamer_Desouky/iStock, s. 176 Jim Wilkes/ Toronto Star/Getty Images, s. 179 greenaperture/iStock, s. 180 imv/iStock, s. 184 Suhaimi Abdullah/Getty Images, s. 187 a Judith Dueck/iStock, b artush/Fotolia, cs davemhuntphoto/Fotolia, d Nicolas Pierre/Godong/NTB, e vrabelpeter1/ Fotolia, s. 189 Jens Lambert/iStock, s. 193 Martin Willis/Corbis/NTB, s. 196 viridis/iStock, s. 197 Entwicklungsknecht/iStock, s. 200 Heritge/NTB, s. 201 Universal History archive/Getty Images, s. 202 Jason_V/iStock, s. 204 a VCG Wilson/Corbis Historical/Getty Images, b Buyenlarge/Archive Photos/Getty Images, s. 213 oversnap/iStock, s. 216 iStock, s. 218 Lightguard/ iStock

Acknowledgements 26 Peter H. Reynolds, “The World Needs Your Voice” from Say Something (Orchard Books, 2019) Copyright © 2019 by Peter Reynolds.

First published in Say Something.

Reprinted by permission of Pippin Properties, Inc.

se m pl ar

40–41 Benjamin Zephaniah, “People Need People” from Wicked World (Puffin Books, 2000) 45 Christope Granet, “It’s a jungle out there!” (Hagen Cartoons/CartoonStock.com). Used by permission.

46–47 Anita Ganeri, “The Rainbow Serpent” from Myths in 30 Seconds (Ivy Kids, 2013)

Myths in 30 Seconds, written by Anita Ganeri and illustrated by Melvyn Evans, published by Ivy Kids, an imprint of The Quarto Group, copyright © 2013. Reproduced by permission of Quarto Publishing Plc. I AM AUSTRALIAN Text & musik: Bruce Woodley/Dobe Newton

ek

48–49 Bruce Woodley and Dobe Newton, “I am Australian”. From Essential Aussie Songs (2000)

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© Origin Music Publishing Pty Ltd./J. Albert & Son, Pty. Ltd./BMG Gold Songs Tryckt med tillstånd av BMG Rights Management (Scandinavia) AB /Notfabriken Music Publishing AB. 56 Brenda Williams, “Christmas In The Sun”. From My First Oxford Book of Christmas Poems (Oxford University Press, 2003). Used by permission.

92–97 Beverly Naidoo, excerpt from Journey to Jo’burg: A South African Story (HarperCollins, 2002) 100 Brian Crane, Pickles.

Vu

Pickles used with permission of Brian Crane, the Washington Post and the Cartoonist Group. All rights reserved.

119–123 Ros Asquith, excerpt from Letters from an Alien Schoolboy (Piccadilly Press, 2010) Copyright © Ros Asquith, 2010 First published in the UK by Piccadilly Press, an imprint of Bonnier Books UK Ltd. 126 Jim Borgman, Zits (King Features/Bulls Press). Used by permission.

128–130 Neil Gaiman, excerpt from Fortunately, the Milk (HarperCollins, 2013) 141 Jeanne Kirby, “I Wonder”.

144–149 Shelley Tanaka, excerpt from On Board the Titanic: What It Was Like When the Great Liner Sank (Hyperion/Madison Press, 1996) 154–157 Kereen Getten, excerpt from When Life Gives You Mangos (Delacorte Press/Penguin Random House 2020) Excerpt(s) from WHEN LIFE GIVES YOU MANGOS by Kereen Getten, copyright © 2020 by Kereen Getten. Used by permission of Delacorte Press, an imprint of Random House Children’s Books, a division of Penguin Random House LLC. All rights reserved.

168–169 Taylor Swift, “Love Story”. From Fearless (Taylor’s Version) (2021) LOVE STORY Musik och text: Taylor Swift © Taylor Swift Music (87,5%). För Norden & Baltikum: MCA Music Scandinavia AB. Tryckt med tillstånd av Gehrmans Musikförlag AB. Av Taylor Swift © Sony/ATV Tree Publishing/Taylor Swift Music

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LOVE STORY (12,5%)

Tryckt med tillstånd av Sony Music Publishing Scandinavia/Notfabriken Music Publishing AB. 172–173 Glyn Lehmann “I am the Earth”. Used by permission.

183 Woo! Jr. Kids Activities, “What You Can Do”. From woojr.com.

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222–227 David Walliams and Tony Ross, excerpt from Awful Auntie (HarperCollins Children’s Books, 2014)

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Every effort has been made to contact the copyrightholders. We regret that this has not proved to be possible in every case.

Quest 7 Textbook er en del av læreverket Quest 1–7.

Læreverket følger læreplanen i engelsk for 5.–7. trinn (LK20). © H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard) 2022 2. utgave / 1. opplag 2022 Materialet er vernet etter åndsverkloven. Uten uttrykkelig samtykke er eksemplarfremstilling, som utskrift og annen kopiering, bare tillatt når det er hjemlet i lov (kopiering til privat bruk, sitat o.l.) eller i avtale med Kopinor (www.kopinor.no).

Utnyttelse i strid med lov eller avtale kan medføre erstatnings- og straffansvar.

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Redaktør: Kai Swensen og Bjørg Brauteset Grafisk formgiving og omslag: Marit Jakobsen Omslagsillustrasjon: Mats Minnhagen Bilderedaktør: Hege Rødaas Aspelund

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Illustrasjoner: Pernille Mühlbach: 12, 22, 170, 172, 214, 237, 253 Thomas Fröhling: Gjennomgangsfigurer Zoom/Uni, 36, 42, 58, 74, 76, 84, 132, 133, 228, 229, 240, 242, 246, 249, 250 Thomas Kirkeberg: 98, 105, 118 Mats Minnhagen: 124, 155, 231, 232, 243 Thomas Balle: 198, 207, 209, 211, 212, 221, 233, 239, 241, 245 Tiril Valeur: 61, 62, 63, 69, 75, 80, 81, 93, 94, 96, 248 Erik Ødegaard: 136, 138, 140, 174, 181, 184, 185, 194, 195, 238, 252 Tony Ross: 222, 223, 224, 226 Tora Marie Nordberg: 234 Markus Fogth-Jakobsen: 208

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Grunnskrift: Calibre Regular Papir: 115 g G-Print Trykk: Merkur Grafisk as Innbinding: Bokbinderiet Johnsen as

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ISBN 978-82-03-40851-9 Aunivers.no