T he difference between good and bad policy can mean the difference between business survival or going bust
08 LOOK LOCAL
COVID-19 has thrown a curve ball at everybody, and there are real challenges for the industry, particularly in skill supply
10 TECH SOLUTION
Australia’s most comprehensive technical solution combines VACC’s suite of products with the global reach of Haynes
JOINT VENTURE
A VicRoads ‘joint venture’ with the private sector is on the cards, but the government denies privatisation goal
MEET HALFWAY
Disputes will arise in business, it’s how they are addressed that makes all the difference. Mediation could be the key...
15 GOOD THING
Abandoned vehicles mean money, time and workspace lost, but the new Uncollected Goods Act eases stress
16 POLICY TEAM
Victoria’s peak auto industry body has formally changed its name to Victorian Automotive Chamber of Commerce 0 8
Meet the VACC Industry Policy team who lead lobbying efforts and represent member interests to government
18 NAME CHANGE
22 INDUSTRY INSIGHT
WinA’s member of the month, July Aye shares some insight into her automotive career highlights and challenges so far
MENTAL HEALTH
The new VACC Fine Tuning Automotive Mental Health program is here to help employers better support their staff
26 NEW LEAD
VACC President, Mark Awramenko is in The Big Chair, sharing his history with VACC and key priorities as Chamber chair
32 SCRUBBING UP
There’s no longer a reason to get your hands dirty thanks to the latest cleaning technologies, including dry-ice and laser
Technical looks into the Ford Ranger and Mazda BT-50’s straightforward and popular 4WD systems
Find everything from the latest products to the best business services you need all in one place
Drive your business forward by taking advantage of VACC corporate partnerships and services at your fingertips
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IT’S ALL ABOUT POLICY
ON page 16 you’ll notice a significant piece about VACC’s policy work, and the talented team that performs this vital role. Considering what they do and what they achieve, I think it’s about time. The difference between good and bad policy can mean the difference between business survival or going bust. The stakes are high, so it’s incredibly important to get things right.
This is where VACC’s Industry Policy Advisors prove their worth.
In recent times VACC has been instrumental in bringing about changes to Collective Bargaining, we had a big Franchise Code win, we brought about meaningful changes to Unfair Contract Terms legislation, we blocked Parallel (Grey) Imports, we lobbied and won to have Fuel Theft re-classified as a crime, and brought about changes to Fuel Price Boards that helped members stay competitive against the big supermarket chains. And there is much more. We don’t always get what we want. This is part of the balance in life. But we never stop fighting for our members, and there are plenty of fights still to come.
Leading the team is Dr Imogen Reid, who looks after the Commercial Vehicle Industry Association, the Service Station and Convenience Store Division, and the General Division.
Working alongside is John Khoury, who manages the Automotive Repairers Division, Automotive Electrical Division, Specialty Vehicles Australia, Engine Reconditioner and Radiator Division, Victorian Tyre Dealers Association, and the Australasian chapter of the Automatic Transmission Rebuilders Association.
Michael McKenna manages the Victorian Automobile Dealers Association, Used Car Traders Division, Automotive Dismantlers and Recyclers Division, Motorcycle Industry Division, Farm and Industrial Machinery Division, and Victorian Vehicle Rental Industry Group. The latest addition to the team is Kathy Zdravevski who oversees the Body Repair Division and Towing Operators Division (see page 20).
Everyone in the Industry Policy team has a strong background in policy and advocacy, and possesses years of valuable industry insights, backed up with experience in fields such as law, business, and international trade. The policy team’s work is supported by research, and business and consumer affairs resources. These roles, performed by Steve Bletsos and John Caine respectively, allow VACC to lead with knowledge.
The Commercial Vehicle Industry Association of Australia. Submission to the Review of the Heavy Vehicle National Law.
October 2020
VACC’s research function provides the backup the Industry Policy team requires to speak and write with authority when meeting with politicians and regulators, or compiling submissions. Meanwhile, John Caine protects and promotes members with considered advice – usually about customer and business-to-business disputes – and, where necessary, provide support in mediations at the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal. These six people create a formidable team that creates great value and brings about a lot of positive change for members. David Dowsey
MANAGING EDITOR
David Dowsey 03 9829 1247
editor@australianautomotive.com
SUB-EDITOR
Pia-Therese Hams
DESIGNERS
Faith Perrett, Gavin van Langenberg 03 9829 1159
creative@australianautomotive.com
CONTRIBUTORS
Steve Bletsos, John Caine, Rod Lofts, Imogen Reid, Paul Tuzson, Mark Quinlan, Isabella Mizzi
Cameron Media Sales, Matt Healey 0407 343 330
matt.healey@cameronmediasales.com PRESIDENT Mark Awramenko CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Geoff Gwilym
Official publication of the Victorian and Tasmanian Automotive Chambers of Commerce
VACC adheres to its obligations under National Privacy Principles legislation. Information on products and services contained in the editorial and advertising pages of this magazine does not imply the endorsement of any product or service by VACC. Australian Automotive is copyright and no part may be reproduced without the written permission of VACC. Advertisers and advertising agencies lodging material for publication in Australian Automotive indemnify the VACC, its directors, Board, employees, members, and its agents against all claims and any other liability whatsoever wholly or partially arising from the publication of the material, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, indemnify each of them in relation to defamation, libel, slander of title, infringement of copyright, infringement of trademarks or names of publication titles, unfair competition, breach of trade practices or fair trading legislation, violation of rights of privacy or confidential information or licences or royalty rights or other intellectual property rights, and warrant that the material complies with all relevant laws and regulations. This publication is distributed with the understanding that the authors, editors and publishers are not responsible for the results of any actions or works of whatsoever kind based on the information contained in this publication, nor for any errors or omissions contained herein. The publishers, authors and editors expressly disclaim all and any liability to any person whomsoever whether a purchaser of this publication or not in respect of anything and of the consequences of anything done or omitted to be done by any such person in reliance, whether whole or partial upon the whole or any part of the contents of this publication. Advertising accepted for publication in Australian Automotive is subject to the conditions set out in the Australian Automotive rate card, available from editor@australianautomotive.com
Local talent
Time to look closer to home
are trained automotive technicians. This worked well in the past but there is a problem – that number now sits at zero. We must adapt accordingly to this new world and fill the jobs that are available. So, with many people needing employment, it makes sense to turn our attention to the domestic workforce for our labour needs.
owners can liaise with local schools and apprentice networks, including VACC Automotive Apprenticeships, in a bid to employ and foster an apprentice. Parents and teachers can also help by promoting trades to young people.
For the record, all apprenticeships have a job entry point and a job destination. It’s the best training model in the world. Let’s embrace it.
bolstered by international labour where there has been a gap. Australia typically imports around
Basically, more apprentices need to be put on across all industries. And for many young people, apprenticeships are a fantastic career choice. Trade apprentices get paid while they learn and graduate with transferable skills that are at little risk of becoming obsolete. That’s a great thing to rely upon, especially in times like these. Australia’s skill shortage is a problem that everybody can help mend. Business
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VACC Technical has changed
VACC Technical Services has launched into a new era of product offerings that will change the automotive technical information game in Australia.
VACC has signed a multi-year deal with the famous British-based Haynes Publishing Group, bringing to market a suite of products, unsurpassed in Australia, under the banner of VACC MotorTech.
VACC MotorTech brings together VACC’s proven Tech Online, Times Guide, Tech Estimate, Tech Advisory Service and Tech Talk products with the might of Haynes’ international know-how, to provide an enormous (and evergrowing) amount of technical service and repair information to subscribers.
Available now for subscription are three ‘bundles’: Diagnostics, Service & Repair, and Maintenance. These new products are positioned at an unbeatable price and VACC members receive generous discounts of up to 50 percent.
Haynes is best known in Australia for its Haynes manuals that have been in print since 1965 and have sold over 200 million copies worldwide. However, they
online products, designed for automotive professionals under the HaynesPro brand.
Until the agreement with VACC, HaynesPro products have not been available in the Australian market in such affordable and convenient packages.
The HaynesPro products include:
• HaynesPro Manuals AllAccess Cars allows access to all Haynes manuals online, providing step-by-step repair and service information, along with extra details not published in the hard copy versions. The Haynes OnDemand video tutorials – available for many of the most popular models – are the ultimate aid to getting vehicles correctly serviced and repaired.
• HaynesPro WorkshopData Tech contains extensive maintenance information like repair times, timing belt and chain replacement procedures, capacities, wheel alignment, torque specification and over 100,000 high-quality technical drawings.
• HaynesPro WorkshopData Electronics and Smart includes the VESA guided diagnostics system, wiring diagrams for most vehicle systems, fuse and relay locations, earth point and control unit locations, TSBs and known fixes.
The agreement between VACC and Haynes provides automotive business owners new options and easy access to repair information and vehicle repair times not available previously, in bundles to suit every business’s needs.
Visit: motortech.com.au to learn more.
towme.vacc.com.au
VicRoads private ‘joint venture’
THE Andrews Government has confirmed plans for a VicRoads ‘joint venture’ with the private sector, while denying the move will result in privatisation. If such an arrangement went ahead, the government confirmed it would maintain control over service pricing, road network access and motorist data.
“We’re going to put in place a jointventure partnership with the private sector to ensure that we get a modernised, adaptable service.
“This is not a privatisation, it’s effectively a partnership that hopefully will work for the Victorian people ... (and) hopefully get them the IT systems they deserve,” said Victorian Treasurer, Tim Pallas.
Roads Minister, Ben Carroll said the pandemic had proven services, such as learner tests, needed to be modernised and moved online.
In addition to investing in the VicRoad’s IT system, the government has emphasised its expectation that a partner would make systems accessible to other areas of government such as Victoria Police, in return for a concession to run registration and licensing services for up to 40 years. While the government went as far as promising motorists a better service from a partly privatised VicRoads registry, there were no guarantees made in regards to fee structures.
New Automotive Environmental Scan report soon to be released
VACC is in the final stages of releasing its new report into Australia’s automotive industry. The report titled Directions in Australia’s Automotive Industry 2021, provides an assessment of the current state of Australia’s automotive industry and where it is headed over the next three years.
The report is being produced by VACC on behalf of its federal body, the Motor Trades Association of Australia (MTAA) and state motor trades associations.
The report is unique in that it provides a comprehensive insight into all sectors of the automotive industry and is used as a reference point by government in developing policy towards the automotive industry.
The last version of the report was produced in 2017, around the time of closure of local car manufacturing operations in Australia.
The current report provides an insight into how the automotive industry has progressed since the closure of car manufacturing, along with an economic analysis of each automotive sector and key trends and challenges impacting the industry today and into the future.
The report also examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the automotive industry during 2020, including the industry response measures to the crisis in each state and territory.
Industry skill shortages and apprentice training are also major features of the report, and the document provides numerical estimates of current skill shortages within each automotive occupation nationally and by state, as well as skill shortage projections over the next three years.
Whilst the report is primarily intended for federal and state governments, Directions in Australia’s Automotive Industry 2021 is of value to all industry stakeholders, as well as being an important educational resource on Australia’s automotive industry for the wider community. The report will be released later this month.
Enrol now: Diploma of Automotive Management
Develop your skills and knowledge to effectively perform your role, and prepare yourself for future management positions.
VACC is offering business owners and aspiring leaders within the automotive industry the Diploma of Automotive Management. This nationally accredited course, delivered through Chisholm Institute, will give you the workplace skills you need to shape the future of the automotive industry.
To receive your diploma, you will have to successfully fulfill two requirements. You must attend 10 interactive workshops and complete all course assessments. Each workshop will be assessed separately with the following components:
• Workshop activities based on learning and applying business principles
• A business project involving the application of these business principles to your daily duties in the workplace
• Reporting on the workplace experience, outcomes, and lessons learnt as a result of the project.
How it works
1. There are 10 workshops in total, scheduled once a month
2. You will also complete over this time, a business plan that will go towards your assessment
3. Satisfactory completion of 12 competencies will qualify you for the Diploma of Automotive Management.
Requirements
• Must have industry experience
• Must be Australian Citizen/resident, residing in Victoria
Cost: VACC member $1,800 | Non-member $2,100
Venue: Level 7, VACC House
Time: 9am - 4pm
How to apply/for more information:
Phone: 03 9829 1130
Email: info@vaccsdc.com.au
Visit: vaccsdc.com.au/managementdiploma
Resolving disputes between businesses
WORDS John Caine
ASKING for advice about business-tobusiness dispute resolution is something which VACC’s Business & Consumer Affairs Department gets asked about frequently. Disputes between businesses and suppliers for goods and or services can result in disputes which the parties may be unable to resolve satisfactorily without external help. There is obviously the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) or court pathway which can be costly and time consuming. VCAT and the civil courts are decision-making bodies. Their decisions in most cases are final and binding. In some cases, however, VCAT or the courts might order the parties in a dispute to attend mediation or a compulsory conference to attempt to resolve the matter.
So, here is an alternative approach to initiating a VCAT or court action in the first instance.
Make an application to the Victorian Small Business Commission (VSBC) for mediation. The VSBC doesn’t make decisions about who is ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ in a dispute. Instead, they attempt to guide the parties to reach a solution that works for them and that they can agree to. They provide support through preliminary help and through a low-cost mediation service. You can apply for mediation via the application
page on their website: vsbc.vic.gov.au
Here’s a step-by-step overview of how the process works:
On arrival at the mediation venue, each party goes to the reception area where they pay the mediation fee (currently $185.00) and sign the mediation agreement and confidentiality forms
Each party is then directed to separate, private breakout rooms
The mediator enters each breakout room and introduces themselves and has a short private discussion with each party
The mediator invites both parties into the main mediation room
The mediator will explain the mediation process to both parties
• The mediator invites each party to explain their position and understanding of the dispute
The mediator might ask questions to clarify a party’s situation or argument During mediation, a party should direct any questions through the mediator rather than to the other party
The mediator attempts to simplify and clearly identify the key issues in the dispute
The mediator asks each party to return
to their separate breakout rooms
The mediator moves between the parties. At this stage, they are seeking options that might resolve the dispute, clarifying positions and identifying opportunities for compromise, negotiation or creative alternatives, until a decision is reached to settle or not
If mediation results in a settlement, terms of settlement are drawn up. All parties confirm and sign the terms
If settlement is not achieved, mediation ends and either party might request a certificate to take the matter to VCAT. The mediation session might also be adjourned, if the mediator or parties consider that doing so could help in resolving outstanding issues
The mediation concludes.
What happens if a mediation agreement breaks down? A certificate is issued only if the parties don’t come to an agreement and the dispute remains unresolved. The terms of settlement is a binding agreement. If one party breaks the agreement, a certificate can be requested to apply to VCAT for enforcement of the agreement. VACC has observed the process over a number of years and would endorse it as a most useful, cost effective and bona fide way forward.
Disposal of Uncollected Goods Act 2020
THE Disposal of Uncollected Goods Act
1968 dictates the process for the disposal of unclaimed goods left in a business' possession. Many members have the experience of vehicles being abandoned in their workshops, taking up valuable space and, in many, cases owing money. Then there is the problem of trying to legally dispose of the vehicle under an Act drafted in 1968, which does not account for the diverse communication and technology we now live with.
After years of lobbying the Tasmanian State Government, in 2019 TACC worked with the government to draft a new Act which makes it far easier for business owners to communicate with customers and dispose of vehicles without risking action being taken.
Pleasingly, the new Disposal of Uncollected Goods Act passed through parliament in 2020 and is now law.
Under the new Act, business owners will need to go through the following steps to dispose of an abandoned vehicle.
1. Contact the customer to request
2. Issue a Goods Disposal Notice. This can be by: Phone or text
Email
Post
Delivery to the last known address Fax
In person
Sending a notice to an interested party
3. After the required time, dispose of the vehicle by:
• Conducting a Personal Property Securities Register (PPSR). Visit ppsr.com.au to check if a financier has an interest in the vehicle. If so, you should contact them. Dispose of the vehicle. The sale method will be determined by the value of the vehicle and include:
Appropriation Destruction
• Public auction
5. Business owners can apply the sale proceeds to their invoice and any selling costs
6. If there is a sale surplus: Return the surplus to the owner If the owner cannot be located the funds will be treated as Unclaimed Money and needs to be remitted to the Department of Treasury and Finance
7. Keep a Disposal Record of the vehicle for six years.
There are penalties for failing to dispose of a vehicle in accordance with the Act. The Act only allows for the disposal of abandoned vehicles. Business owners cannot use this process to resolve a dispute over an account.
More detailed information can be found by searching for Disposal of Uncollected Goods - A guide for business and consumers from cbos.tas.gov.au
TACC welcomes the new Act, which will make the process of disposing of vehicles much easier and far quicker.
6278 1611 or email mlittle@tacc.com.au
Industry Policy Team
Imogen Reid
Lead, Strategy and Policy, Manager, Women in Automotive
Imogen holds the position of Lead, Strategy and Policy at VACC, a role that provides strategic oversight of VACC’s 15 Industry Divisions, including divisional responsibilities for the commercial vehicle and fuel retailing sectors of the automotive aftermarket. Imogen is also Manager of Women in Automotive, a VACC initiative that works to attract, support and raise the profile of women working across the automotive industry.
John Khoury Industry Policy Advisor
John holds the position of Industry Policy Advisor at VACC, providing divisional oversight for the automotive repairers, engine reconditioner, radiators and tyre retailing sectors. Having previously trained and worked as a specialist automotive technician, John provides technical expertise to the VACC policy team and broader member network.
Michael McKenna Industry Policy
Prior to joining VACC, Imogen has held senior policy positions in Canberra and the United Kingdom, contributing to high-level policy advocacy across multiple international fora. She is a strong advocate for increasing women’s participation both domestically and globally.
Imogen has a PhD in International Business from Monash University and King’s College London and a Bachelor of Business Marketing (First Class Honours) and Bachelor of Arts from Monash University. In 2016 she undertook further study in mediation and conflict resolution in Zug, Switzerland. ireid@vacc.com.au
Prior to joining VACC, John owned a retail small business, providing him with expertise in small business development and a comprehensive understanding of small business regulations. John represents member interests across a number of industry and government committees:
• Australian Refrigeration Council Standards Australia
Environmental Protection Agency VicRoads
Motor Trades Association Australia
Australian Automotive Repairers Association.
John is a trade qualified automotive technician. He holds a Diploma of Business Management (Box Hill) and is undertaking Corporate Governance training with the Australian Institute of Company Directors. jkhoury@vacc.com.au
Steve Bletsos Senior Research Analyst
Steve is VACC’s Senior Research Analyst, a role that involves industry research, analysis, survey design, procurement of specialist data and the provision of technical support to VACC’s industry policy and executive teams. Steve is the author of , a comprehensive, biennial environmental report on the state and future of Australia’s automotive Industry. It is the only report of its kind in Australia and works to inform the federal government’s automotive related policy. He regularly provides commentary on the current status and predicted future of both the Victorian and Australian automotive industries.
Prior to joining VACC, Steve held the position of Research Analyst at Auto Skills Australia (former Skills Council for the Automotive Industry) and held senior positions at the Australian Bureau of Statistics in both Canberra and Melbourne. Steve holds a Bachelor of Economics from Latrobe University (graduated with Distinction and invited to undertake the Honours Program). sbletsos@vacc.com.au
Michael’s current role is Industry Policy Advisor at VACC. This includes divisional management of VACC’s franchise passenger vehicle, motorcycle and farm machinery members, as well as automotive dismantling and recycling. Michael has extensive experience of Licenced Motor Car Trader (LMCT) practices and is considered a subject matter expert on Motor Vehicle Duty, the Personal Property Securities Register, Australian Consumer Law and End-of-Life Vehicle policy. He represents members’ interests on several industry groups including: VACC-carsales.com Dealer Advisory Board
Victorian Government State Revenue Office State Taxes Consultative Committee
ACCI’s Chief Economist National Forum
Victorian Government’s Rural Reference Group
Australian Auto Parts Recyclers Association.
Prior to joining VACC, Michael occupied senior roles within the international car rental sector.
He holds a Master of Business Administration (University of Canberra), Certificate in Business Analytics (Harvard Business School) and is a current candidate for Master of Business Law at Southern Cross University (due for graduation 2021). mmckenna@vacc.com.au
Despina
Theocharous
Team Leader, Industry Administration Services
Despina is Team Leader, Industry Administration Services at VACC. Her role provides management of VACC’s administrative staff and direct administrative and technical support to the industry policy team. dtheocharous@vacc.com.au
What is industry policy?
Industry policy is central to the work undertaken by VACC on behalf of its 5000 members. Simply put, VACC is not only mandated, but committed to representing the interests of members to the highest levels of state and federal governments to bring about meaningful change and improvements to the doing of business. Policy work is often slow, in many cases taking years to get a result. However, with patience and hard work VACC is able to count multiple, significant policy wins over the years. For example, VACC can claim victory for the implementation of quarterly registration payments, the re-criminalisation of fuel theft (which was once considered a civil matter), the implementation of an efficient E-Roadworthy and E-VASS Certificate platform, amendments to the Franchise Code specific to car dealers, movement on the Access to Vehicle Repair Information debate (now before the Federal Parliament), an extension of Unfair Contract Terms to now include small business, motor vehicle duty exemption gains on demonstrator models, and the opportunity for automotive businesses to seek a Collective Bargaining agreement. Despite these wins, there is always work to be done. Some ongoing policy issues include the abolition of the Luxury and Super Luxury Car Tax, Payroll Tax, the development of an automotive
John Caine Manager, Business and Consumer Affairs
specific Franchise Code, and fairer work arrangements between body repairers and insurance companies. Who is the VACC Industry Policy Team?
Over our 103-year history, VACC has brought about significant reforms to the automotive industry. It does this via a dedicated and experienced industry policy team comprising of Industry Policy Advisors (IPA). Each IPA manages a portfolio relative to VACC’s 15 industry divisions, which includes: new and used car, farm machinery and motorcycle dealers; commercial vehicles; automotive and body repairers; engine reconditioners; fuel retailing; farm machinery; tyre retailing; towing operators; automotive electricians; and dismantlers and recyclers.
IPAs are supported by a senior research analyst who provides industry analysis; survey design, implementation and analysis; and the procurement of specialist data. Advocacy is also informed by insights provided by the Consumer and Business Affairs department into the types of issues and complaints being raised by consumers and member businesses.
How does the Industry Policy Team advocate?
Advocacy can take many different forms. Examples include meeting with Ministers and their advisors, representing members on specific stakeholder reference groups or advisory panels, or simply maintaining
John holds the position of Manager, Business and Consumer Affairs at VACC.
This role provides detailed consumer complaint advice to VACC members across a range of industry sectors. With over 20 years’ experience, John is considered an expert in Australian Consumer Law and the proceedings of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT).
Prior to joining VACC, John has held the positions of National Customer Service Manager and National Training Manager with a large, multi-national automotive franchise dealership. He has also owned, and run, his own automotive small business, specialising in sports and prestige cars. John is a qualified mechanic and holds a Diploma of Retail Management (Automotive), a Certificate 4 in Workplace Training from RMIT and is a trained mediator (Monash Law School).
jcaine@vacc.com.au
good relationships with government agencies and their staff. Advocacy also includes written submissions, providing evidence at senate hearings or running specific, targeted communication campaigns (including media commentary) on a specific issue. VACC also regularly collaborates with the Motor Trades Association of Australia and the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, national bodies based in Canberra. VACC has spent considerable time and resources ensuring the Victorian automotive sector is well represented at a federal level.
How can members get involved?
Members are encouraged to contact their divisional IPA should they have any topics they would like to raise. Depending on the nature of the issue, these may be taken to a division’s Executive Committee (made up of divisional member representatives) for discussion, debate and strategy formulation. By listening to members’ concerns, actively monitoring the political landscape and engaging with government agencies, the VACC policy team works to secure the best possible outcomes for its members.
TofindoutmoreabouttheIndustry Policy Team or enquire about becomingmoreinvolvedinVACC's policy work visit vacc.com.au
Kathy Zdravevski Industry Policy Advisor
Kathy is an Industry Policy Advisor at VACC, a role she commenced in January 2021. Kathy provides divisional management for the body repair and towing operators divisions. This includes the formulation of policy responses to government and driving regulatory and legislative change on behalf of members.
As a skilled legal practitioner, Kathy has extensive experience in dispute resolution and litigation, and brings with her a detailed knowledge of insurance claim processes, having spent 15 years working in the automotive insurance industry.
Kathy proactively identifies and responds to industry sector issues with respect to consumer, member and legal implications.
Kathy holds a Bachelor of Business from Victoria University and received her Master of Laws – Juris Doctor from Monash University. Kathy is a qualified legal professional. kzdravevski@vacc.com.au
Australian Government’s IR Omnibus Bill - Update
MEMBERS will recall from a previous VACC IR Bulletin that on 9 December 2020, the Fair Work Amendment (Supporting Australia’s Jobs and Economic Recovery) Bill 2020 (IR Omnibus Bill) was introduced to federal parliament following extensive consultation with peak employer groups and unions through five IR Working Groups. Subsequent to its introduction, the IR Omnibus Bill has been referred to Committee Inquiry, and passed the House of Representatives on 23 February 2021.
VACC lodged a formal written submission to the Committee Inquiry and contributed to relevant sections of the ACCI submission to the Inquiry. This approach is consistent with the VACC Workplace Relations team’s broader strategic objective of assisting government policy development on IR, OHS and Workers Compensation matters to ensure that the needs of VACC members in the automotive industry are heard and understood.
VACC’s submission supports key aspects of the IR Omnibus Bill relating to the need to provide certainty in relation to casual employment and flexibility in relation to modern Awards. VACC also recommended a number of amendments, focused on ensuring that the changes are practical for small and medium sized businesses and their employees.
Similarly, VACC’s submission opposes and raises a number of serious concerns in relation to the proposed compliance section of the IR Omnibus Bill, which takes an unjustifiably punitive and disproportionate approach against employers, particularly in relation to the proposed higher penalties and introduction of criminal sanctions for underpayment of wages.
VACC suggested a number of amendments in the event that the proposed changes are retained –including the need to provide certainty that any criminal sanctions apply to the exclusion of applicable state legislation
(e.g. Victorian Wage Theft Act 2020 is scheduled to commence from 1 July 2021), and that a full exemption should apply for small and medium sized businesses.
At the time of writing, the Report from the Senate Education and Employment Legislation Committee was due to be handed down on 12 March 2021, with the IR Omnibus Bill expected to be brought before the Senate in the sitting week commencing 15 March 2021.
Following the anticipated passage of the IR Omnibus Bill, VACC will review the final form and impact of the amendments to the Fair Work Act 2009 and update members on the changes.
Members seeking further information, including those wishing to access a copy of the VACC and ACCI submissions, are encouraged to contact the VACC Workplace Relations team at ir@vacc.com.au or 03 9829 1123.
VACC becomes Victorian Automotive Chamber of Commerce
VICTORIA’S peak automotive industry body, VACC has formally changed its name to the Victorian Automotive Chamber of Commerce.
For over 100 years, VACC operated as the Victorian Automobile Chamber of Commerce but now, through member input, the name has been altered to better reflect a modern automotive industry.
“VACC was founded in 1918 by a collective of car dealers. Our name has served us very well for more
than a century but now, with VACC about to move into a new building, and with a board fully focussed on the next 100 years, the time is right for us to change our name to the Victorian Automotive Chamber of Commerce,” said VACC CEO, Geoff Gwilym.
VACC represents all facets of the automotive industry in Victoria and Tasmania, from mechanical repairers and auto electricians to recyclers and vehicle dealers, as well as body repairers and engineering specialists
in the heavy vehicle space to tyre dealers and vehicle restorers.
“The change of name to 'Automotive' better embodies the many sectors of the industry and reflects a more contemporary member organisation,” said Mr Gwilym.
“The Victorian Automotive Chamber of Commerce is future-focussed and ready to represent all its members for the next 100 years.”
Whether you re star ting, running or growing your business, CommBank, proud Alliance Par tner of VACC can help you do business your way
To help you take your business to the next level, VACC members can benefit from direct access to a dedicated CommBank Relationship Manager and team of banking specialists They ’ll work with you through every stage of your business life cycle You’ll also receive 24/7 Australian based phone suppor t for all your business banking needs
B u s i n e s s p r o d u c t s
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No merchant joining fee
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Daily IQ - free business insight s tool with CommBiz and NetBank
Business Loans and Asset Finance
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Free business financial health checks
To find out how CommBank can help you do business your way, contact VACC on 03 9829 1152 or email marketing@vacc.com.au and they’ll put you in touch with a CommBank Relationship Manager.
VACC welcomes Industry Policy Advisor, Kathy Zdravevski
KATHY Zdravevski has joined the VACC Industry Policy Advisor team, working to support the Body Repair Division and Towing Operators Division.
With a strong background in insurance, particularly in dispute resolution, settlements and litigation, and claims consultation, Kathy has worked in the automotive insurance industry for 15 years, most recently as a Dispute Resolution Manager. She holds a Diploma in General Insurance (Senior Associate) with ANZIIF and a Bachelor of Business from Victoria University.
Following her passion for the law, Kathy received a Master of Laws – Juris Doctor from Monash University.
The body repair industry is undergoing significant regulatory changes, both at a State and Federal level. VACC is working with key government departments to identify and respond to industry issues to gain positive outcomes and Kathy will be developing Bulletins to keep members informed.
Kathy also recognises there are important issues affecting the industry, including its relationship with insurers. These issues are not new or foreign to her. Kathy will work with key personnel and advocate on behalf of all members in the body repair
sector to make a positive difference.
Kathy looks forward to sharing her legal and business skills and training with VACC members.
Learn more about the work the VACC Industry Policy Advisor team does for members. Visit vacc.com.au
Member of the month
WomenAutomotive in JULY AYE
WORDS Isabella Mizzi
AS a thriving and inspiring woman in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields, July Aye’s experience as a supercar body systems engineer is just the beginning of her ever-impressive resume of automotive experience. Currently working in the aerospace industry in California, July’s passion for the world of automotive continues to grow, as does her passion for supporting the women in the industry.
Speaking to Women in Automotive (WinA), July shared some insight on her career highlights and challenges so far, as well as a few of the valuable resources and inspirational figures she’s discovered along the way. Tell us a bit about your current role in the automotive industry.
While my current work role is in the aerospace industry, I have spent the past five years prior to this in the automotive industry. I started my career at Faraday Future, a startup electric vehicle company based in Gardena, California – working as an Exteriors Engineer. This role was my real introduction to working in automotive. Later, I joined Divergent Technologies as a body systems engineer, where my responsibilities covered everything from design to testing on different automotive body and closures components.
What was your first professional experience within the automotive industry?
My first professional experience was my engineering role at Faraday Future. As an exteriors engineer, I worked on windshields, roof glass, and backlites. I also helped with the antennas used for the marketing vehicles at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. For me, working in a start-up was a great introduction into the world of automotive as it allowed me the opportunity to see and experience multiple aspects of the company, something that would be more limited in a large, established organisation. Do you think you have experienced challenges within the industry that your male counterparts have not? The relevant challenges I have experienced have been present in both a personal and professional environment. The idea of women working in non-traditional
fields is not widely accepted within my family’s culture, coming from Myanmar. Stereotypical gender roles were a big part of my life growing up. I did not grow up with a dad that let me help him when fixing cars or other hands-on tasks, so I never had that introduction or experience to build my passion or knowledge. This hindered my ability to understand things that came easily to many of my male counterparts, like knowing the differences between certain engines. As for challenges in the professional work environment, I was constantly being expected to prove that I belonged. I never felt like I could present an idea in a meeting without having a ton of data to back-up my claims, unlike my male counterparts. In meetings I would also constantly be ignored or talked over, and the people who were doing this would not even notice. When given projects to lead, male coworkers, especially older ones, would often completely disregard my technical direction and go rogue with their designs. I would also walk into meetings and have the client immediately address my male counterparts, even though I was in fact the lead on the project in question.While some of these examples may seem small or insignificant to some, they do hold a strong impact to the women on the receiving end, particularly when these instances are a regular occurrence. What is your biggest achievement within the automotive industry, personal or professional?
My biggest achievement professionally was working on the world’s first 3D printed automotive doors and tailgate. I led this project as a 23-year-old and did the Computer Aided Design, integration, troubleshooting and more. I now have a patent pending for this work, meaning I’ll be confirmed as one of the inventors on these designs. Another professional achievement I am proud of is assisting in the build for Divergent Technology’s demonstrator vehicle for the Pebble Beach auto show.
Do you have a favourite resource as a woman working in the automotive industry? Maybe a book, event, organisation, mentor or online platform? I wish I could say that I had a role model that I could relate or to talk to in the industry. However, from my experience, it appears that during the mid-level years of their career, women often leave the automotive industry or go into more project management-based roles. For that reason, my favourite resource has been
Engineering Gals (@engineeringgals) on Instagram. Through that, I’ve met many other female engineers and some of them have become my best friends. Another excellent resource has been the friends I have made from going to Cars and Coffee auto shows. Most of the people there have been really nice and often let me look inside their cars, allowing me to draw a lot of design inspiration. Who is your inspiration as a female in automotive?
Laura Kukuk is a classic and sportscar specialist I met via Instagram. Even with a sizable platform, she has always made time to answer my messages and is now even making YouTube videos to teach people about cars. Her adventures are very inspiring, and she always promotes how important having a diverse team is. What is the best piece of advice that you have received or that you could give to another woman working in the automotive industry?
Whenever someone tells me women don’t know about cars, I can say back with confidence that not all men know about cars, either. You only know a lot of information about the things you are passionate about. It has nothing to do with gender, and all to do with passion. The more you expose yourself to YouTube, podcasts, books and other resources, the more you’ll soak up the industry knowledge. Additionally, diversity is the best thing to happen to the industry. There are going to be unexpected times for you to shine. For me personally, I have smaller hands and am relatively short, so I became quite useful during build phases as I can fit or reach into challenging areas that others could not. Never underestimate how useful you are
A networking group, WinA's mission is to celebrate, educate and give a voice to women in the automotive industry. To learn more, visit womeninautomotive.com.au. Alternatively, call 03 9829 1145 or email info@womeninautomotive.com.au
Facilitators
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IT has a long history of training, the motor industry. And it can be justifiably proud of it. It’s no small thing this long commitment to training, of backing young people fresh out of school, taking them on and patiently preparing them with skills, know-how and experience for a productive life of work.
Truth is, the benefits of this commitment has washed both ways. While it has given a leg-up to generations of young Australians, it is also responsible for a trusted, highly skilled and adaptable RS&R automotive sector. Australian automotive technicians are valued the world over.
Giving young men and women fresh out of school (or TAFE) their first job with an automotive apprenticeship is a defining and affirming feature of the automotive trades.
Some of course may arrive at workshop doors with a little experience gained through VET studies and schoolbased work experience programs. For many, their first experience of a busy workplace and the commitment required for the adult world will be with you, with your business, and your team.
They not only need to be trained in technical skills for the work they do, they also need to be invested in ‘the work ethic’: in workplace safety, dedication, loyalty, commitment to
SUPPORTING YOUR YOUNGER WORKERS
The Fine Tuning Automotive Mental Health program is funded by WorkSafe through the WorkWell Mental Health Improvement Fund. The purpose of the fund is to promote mental health and wellbeing and prevent mental injury and illness amongst vulnerable Victorian working populations. One of the identified vulnerable populations is young workers, and Tim O’Brien from Alcohol and Drug Awareness Australia (VACC’s partner in this program) discusses how automotive workplaces can have a profound effect on these young people
quality, honesty and accountability, teamwork and team spirit.
And so much of that depends upon you ensuring a caring culture and open communication. They will absorb and reflect what they see and what they experience.
The culture they find: the practices they’ll reflect.
Many of your new younger workers will have arrived anxious, uncertain and even slightly fearful of this next stage of their lives. They will want desperately to be accepted, to be valued and to ‘feel safe’ both physically and mentally.
They will also expect to have a clear understanding of the expectations that attach to their role (don’t we all), be given clear instructions and to be kept busy with a training plan. They will be trying hard to get things right.
They will also be trying to fit into the team, to feel they have a part to play. They will model their own practices and behaviours on the dynamics of that team, the respect shown in relationships, respect in dealings, the language used, and respect for difference.
Being properly mentored is key to getting this right. They should also
feel safe in reporting any problems or negative behaviours directed to them or difficulties in managing the work. Those around them, their more experienced work colleagues, have a powerful part to play in ensuring that their experiences are positive, and that they have the opportunity to become valued members of the team.
Your younger workers will reflect your commitment to them, the quality of your mentoring, your patience, and the norms and standards that underpin your workplace culture.
When it’s working right, you’ll know…
Years ago I watched a skilled bodymaker, glasses seated at the end of his nose and with a lifetime of experience notched into craggy hands (he was near or past retiring age), patiently guiding a young apprentice through the removal and restoration of a single corroded bolt. The pre-war Lancia classic being carefully dismantled was beyond simply ‘precious’, it was among the last of a rarefied breed. It was only a bolt, but its head was stamped, and it was original. So, replacement was “out of the question”, the old master said. It was to be
restored and returned to duty. And that was only one bolt, just one. That scene captured so perfectly the
just being guided through a task. That apprentice, green as grass and all thumbs, was being given a lesson in something less tangible; he was being gifted an attitude, of doing something right, and of a commitment to excellence even in the things unseen. And the patience and care of his craggy
trainer was also gifting him ‘respect’. Next article: Some practical tips to manage and maintain a positive, supportive training culture.
Visit the Fine Tuning website finetune.vacc.com.au or contact the Fine Tuning Team on 03 9829 1130 and via email finetune@vacc.com.au
MARK AWRAMENKO
VACC PRESIDENT
Mark Awramenko was born in Geelong, and grew up in Lara. His father George and uncle Val worked as motor mechanics at Heath Motors Geelong. George later owned and ran workshops and retailed cars periodically until buying the Golden Fleece service station in Highton in 1975. Mark attended secondary school at St Joseph’s College, Newtown, and began an apprenticeship with his father at 16. In 1991, Mark approached George to buy Highton Automotive, which later became part of the Repco Repairer group. Mark became VACC President in November 2020.
Why did you join the automotive industry?
I was handy as a kid and by the time I turned sixteen in Year 11, I knew I was not going to go on to complete the Victorian Certificate of Education. I tried to get a job, but I went to a Catholic boys college in Geelong and quickly realised that the boys from tech school had an advantage over me in applying for jobs. My father took pity on me and employed me, so I slid into the automotive industry – there wasn’t a lot of thought.
What changes have you seen over the years?
Technology is the largest change without doubt. Back in the day, when I started, it was all points and spark plugs; the knowledge that was needed could be kept in one’s head. By the time I finished my apprenticeship I could complete most jobs, from rebuilding an engine to a gearbox and diff, and tuning the whole show. These days, that’s not possible. We have gone from having the available knowledge in-house to now needing to
access that information. That’s the shift. It is not that one has to know how to repair every vehicle, it is knowing where to get the information to repair every vehicle.
What do you see as the threats to the auto industry?
The threats that I see will come from large, organised, well-funded and powerful companies or organisations, and they remove competition and consumer choice. An analogy would be what happened in the fuel industry. I was involved in the fuel industry
Advocacy work, and representing members in goverment discussions, remains a key priority for VACC. President Mark Awramenko pictured here with policymakers and the VACC Executive Board
Mark Awramenko featured in the Chamber's 2019 election manifesto campaign, 'Keep Australia Moving'. The initiative, targetted at policymakers, raised awareness of the key industry agenda points to be brought to the incoming government's attention
before I began working with my father. It was the average corner, quarter-acre petrol station site. Now, they’re a thing of the past. When we were running fuel, we were Shell-branded but there was a corporate Shell station 500 metres down the road. We would receive our fuel at the Agreed Terminal Gate Price, plus freight, which invariably would be more than they were retailing for the same fuel down the road. So, my wholesale price was more than the retail price down the road. That could not go on very long. The ‘big versus small’ issue management has been a large part of VACC’s work representing auto businesses. Having politicians and consumer rights organisations understand these issues, and deal with laws that allow this to happen, has been a frustrating, slow, and tedious process that is nonetheless incredibly important work.
What was your journey from VACC member to VACC President?
I was invited to observe at committee level by Graham Harrison, a very good operator in Geelong who was a role model and mentor. He had a business called Rally Motors and he asked that I take his place. I went up the ladder to Chair, I was quite young and learned as I went. Peer discussion and learning was very important to me. From the Board of Management, I went to the Executive Board and finally became President. That journey has been interesting and it has certainly benefited my wider education in all things
automotive, for which I am grateful. The value gained from peer interaction and being at the forefront and involved in industry change is important to me.
What does the VACC President do?
The VACC President is Chair of the Executive Board and Industry Policy Council. Amongst other responsibilities, the President is the figurehead of the Chamber and, alongside the CEO, attends functions and meetings of a political and industry nature in order to further VACC’s policy and advocacy objectives. Like the Executive Board, the President serves the whole of industry.
What is your vision for VACC?
I want this industry to remain buoyant and to survive into the future. We need to advise our members on trends, whether they be business model changes or technology changes – clearly we have electric vehicles on the horizon in a big way and that will change a lot of what we do. There are sales model changes, franchise issues... There’s a lot on the horizon which involves policy and advocacy. A lot of time needs to be spent guiding the government. We need to influence what big business does with our smaller member-businesses, and we need to be able to keep competition and consumer choice strong. We need Right to Repair, and there are insurance business code issues. As a peak industry body we need to focus on these and be on the ball and providing services and benefits to our members.
Governance at VACC has become a priority. What part are you playing as President to ensure VACC is well-run?
Governance at VACC, like at most organisations, has become a priority. As President it is also my responsibility to ensure the organisation complies with all current rules and regulations and, importantly, has a culture that is respectful to all staff and members. We need to ensure our organisation is run at a level that is better than acceptable for our times. We need to be cognisant of everything we do and say, and need to understand we should be an employer of choice and provide an atmosphere that encourages our employees and our members as well.
What is the role of the VACC Executive Board?
To guide the organisation. It is not about interfering in the day-to-day operations, or management. It is to effectively steer the organsiation and to provide guidance. We have tools to help us. We have our strategy weekend, we employ the skill sets available of our directors in the Executive Board and we run the business as it should be.
Advocacy and policy play an important part in VACC’s work. What are some of the big wins?
Advocacy and policy are key strengths of VACC’s service provision to members. We have recently had some real traction in the Right to Repair space. Other wins involve collective bargaining roles, changes to the Franchising Code of Conduct, efforts to
address Unfair Contract Terms legislation, blocked parallel imports, and had fuel theft classified as a crime. However, we have had a blow with the recent victory by Mitsubishi for its 10-year capped price servicing program. This has ramifications for the future and I think other manufacturers will get on board with similar programs. It could duplicate what happened in the fuel industry, in regards to fair competition and potentially have a devastating impact on the industry and consumer choice.
These are the highs and lows we follow. Franchise law, franchise issues, insurance issues. But the wins are important.
VACC has such strong brand recognition in the community. Why is that and do you think it is important to maintain?
Member-businesses use VACC for marketing and that brand credibility is all-important. Members leverage off the VACC sign and 100 years of credibility. It is a benefit to their business. That is very important.
VACC CEO, Geoff Gwilym has become the go-to person for automotive commentary. What do you put that down to?
It is well within Geoff’s skills set. He is focused on performance and outcomes and has a really good work ethic. He has an awesome rapport with politicians and really good contacts within the media. He can talk with authority to journalists about automotive industry issues and he makes himself available. Geoff does a good job. He communicates really well. Therefore, he comes across well on media outlets – whether that be television, radio, newspapers, or digital outlets. He is very succinct and drives the message home, and media outlets like that.
How did VACC perform during the COVID-19 situation?
VACC excelled during COVID. It was a time when we were really able to show why being a member is important. The member benefits we were able to deliver were excellent. There was lots of feedback –and you don’t often get feedback – about how well VACC delivered information regarding shutdowns, the ability to work, zoning regulations in metro and regional areas and more. I know there was lots of
work done by the staff with regards to pertinent information, and it was done well. We invested in some advertising campaigns that were created by the VACC marketing department to promote our industry and get it back up and going. That was excellent and well received. Overall, it was a stellar effort by all concerned. All VACC staff should be congratulated. VACC performed exceptionally well during the COVID crisis, providing much needed advice and support to members, while also liaising with the Motor Trades Association of Australia CEO, Richard Dudley, to lobby the Federal Government to bring about positive outcomes for our industry.
What has been the main benefit you have received from VACC membership, and how do you plan to apply it during your time heading the VACC leadership team?
Take as much as possible and apply it to your own situation. I hope to lead the organisation forward for the next two years, not least with the exciting and profile-lifting move to our new building in Victoria Street, North Melbourne. We look forward to a new, modern and influential workplace which will be the face of VACC. What I would like to do as President is leave the Chamber and the industry in a better place. I want to do something positive.
After joining the family business as an apprentice, Mark went on to buy Highton Automotive and bring the business into the Repco
Repairer group
Cyber Insurance for Australian small to medium-sized businesses
What is Cyber Risk?
Cyber risk is any risk associated with financial loss, disruption or damage to the company’s operation and/or reputation of a business from unauthorised or incorrect use of its information technology systems. Cyber risk includes malicious cybercrime like ransomware and extortion, as well as unintended and accidental disclosure or loss of confidential data. The average cost of a cyber-attack on a small business is now over USD$200,0001. This is a significant amount of money, and it is no surprise that over 60% of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) do not survive a cyber-attack or data breach2
You are nine times more likely to have a ransomware attack than you are a fire to your property 3 .
Cybercriminals view SME organisations as more favourable targets for cyber-crime, with 42% of all cyber-attacks aimed at smaller businesses 4
Is my business exposed to Cyber Risks?
If your business undertakes any of the following activities, it is exposed to potential cyber risks and the devastating financial and reputational harm that can often occur as a result.
Manages a business website
Conducts business online
Utilises technology to operate its business – e.g. HR or Accounting software
Electronically stores customer or employee personal information
Outsources business IT management to a third-party provider
Stores business data in the cloud that may cause financial or reputational damage if lost or stolen
1 Source: Verizon Data Breach Investigations Report, 2019
3 Source: Insurer data provided to Marsh Australia
4 Source: Accenture Cost of Cybercrime Report, 2019
Will Cyber Insurance protect my business?
Technology continues to present new opportunities for Australian businesses, but also creates exposures and potentially catastrophic cyber risks which SMEs can no longer afford to ignore. Cyber insurance is designed to protect businesses from a range of cyber risks and can include:
GREEN – INCLUDED
• Immediate access to incident response services
• Ransom payments
• Loss of profit related to business interruption following a cyber event
• Costs to repair and restore IT systems and data
• Public relations, legal and credit monitoring expenses
• Insurable regulatory fines and penalties related to a cyber event
• Cyber-crime cover for events such as social engineering scams and invoice fraud
• Broad property damage as it is more appropriately insured by property insurance. Note that some coverage related to a cyber event is still covered.
RED – NOT INCLUDED
• Cost to upgrade IT systems but no cyber event has occurred
• Loss due to failure of an infrastructure provider (e.g. Telstra system outage)
• Fines and penalties that are legally not able to be insured
• Loss due to unsolicited communication in breach of the Spam Act 2003 or related legislation
Of those smaller businesses hit by an attack, more than half were compromised twice or more in the same twelve-month period.
With 375 new cyber threats emerging every minute, all kinds of businesses can benefit from cyber insurance, regardless of shape or size.5
Marsh is a leading cyber broker, and can provide our clients access to competitive rates and extensive insurance coverage. Please contact your broker today for a no-obligation quote and to discuss how we can assist in protecting your business from cyber risks.
For more information about Cyber Insurance and other solutions from Marsh, visit marsh.com.au, or contact your local Marsh representative.
About Marsh: Marsh is the world’s leading insurance broker and risk adviser. With over 35,000 colleagues operating in more than 130 countries, Marsh serves commercial and individual clients with data driven risk solutions and advisory services. Marsh is a business of Marsh & McLennan Companies (NYSE: MMC), the leading global professional services firm in the areas of risk, strategy and people. With annual revenue approaching US$17 billion and 76,000 colleagues worldwide, MMC helps clients navigate an increasingly dynamic and complex environment through four market-leading businesses: Marsh, Guy Carpenter, Mercer, and Oliver Wyman. Follow Marsh on Twitter @MarshGlobal; LinkedIn; Facebook; and YouTube, or subscribe to BRINK
Disclaimer: Marsh Pty Ltd (ABN 86 004 651 512, AFSL 238983) (“Marsh”) arrange this cyber insurance and is not the insurer. The information contained in this brochure provides only a general overview of subjects covered, is not intended to be taken as advice regarding any individual situation and should not be relied upon as such. Insureds should consult their insurance and legal advisors regarding specific coverage issues. All insurance coverage is subject to the terms, conditions, and exclusions of the applicable individual policies. Marsh cannot provide any assurance that insurance can be obtained for any particular client or for any particular risk.
Getting cars and parts clean is a messy affair, but it doesn’t have to be
WORDS Paul Tuzson
Abrasive-blasting parts in a cabinet is an excellent way to get them clean. Such cabinets are sealed but the area in which they’re located often ends up getting pretty messy. And using a sand blasting gun on a car body in a curtained area may be effective but the clean-up isn’t much fun. On the positive side, a sandblasting cabinet just sits there, always ready to clean a part as soon as it’s needed, which is why they’re in so many workshops. In the hands of a diligent and attentive operator the results are excellent. There are ways of achieving the same, or better, results without any mess. Dry ice blasting has always been a good
Dry ice is frozen carbon dioxide that can be used as a blasting medium for cleaning car bodies and parts in a process similar to sand, or abrasive grit, blasting. Apart from the fact that it’s very effective, the best thing about dry ice cleaning is that it leaves no residue of any kind at the end of the process. The frozen carbon dioxide grains simply evaporate and disappear. Apart from convenience, this is actually part of the reason the process is so effective. Dry ice blasting cleans in three ways. First, each grain hits the dirt as with conventional abrasive grit cleaning. Second, the temperature of the frozen pellets is about minus 80-degrees Celsius so when
contaminants off the surface. As the carbon dioxide gasifies it also blows away the contaminants. These three actions occur so quickly that they’re virtually simultaneous. The instant gasification is why dry ice blasting leaves the substrate untouched. The dry ice grains are also softer than conventional abrasive grit cleaning media. Dry ice blasting machines used to be very expensive but they’ve come down in price enormously. Some units can be had for $10,000 while others are much more expensive. We spoke with Steamatic about clean cleaning but there are a number of other companies operating in the dry ice cleaning sector like Cold Jet Australia and Kärcher. The ability to clean
Cleaning a BBQ may not have anything to do with cars but it’s a tough and messy job (left). On contact with a surface, dry ice changes phase from solid to gas (above). This Porsche 911 had its underbody cleaned by dry ice blasting which left the original factory finish untouched (below)
a part immediately and then get to work on it straight away would be an interesting change to conventional work-flows using a spin washer. As far as cleaning underbodies and in situ parts, dry ice blasting is hard to beat. But then, there’s laser cleaning. Lasers of all kinds have come a long way since the first working model in 1960. Laser cutting has virtually transformed manufacturing and now lasers can be used to vaporise dirt and contaminants, leaving a clean surface behind. Cleaning lasers do this very effectively and without damaging the substrate to which the contaminants adhere. Laser cleaning is a brilliant technology but we should point out before we go any further, it’s very
This classic Mercedes-Benz has been brought back to original condition (above). Biosweep was used successfully on this Ferrari after it suffered smoke damage in a fire. The canister is left overnight and the odours are gone in the morning (left). You can see how the laser moves in a circular pattern. This helps avoid any hot spots (below left). Smaller circles concentrate the energy of the laser beam (below centre). The circle can follow any surface contour (below right)
adjusted across a range spanning 100 nanoseconds up to one full second. So, the duration defines how long each pulse remains on the surface. It would be fair to expect a strong heat signature from a laser beam so intense that it can vaporise contaminants. Indeed, the plasma created by the process is actually hotter than the surface of the sun. However, because the pulses are so brief they don’t have time to transfer heat into the substrate. It’s like passing your hand through a candle flame. If you do it quickly you won’t get burned but if you hold it there, you will. Even with very thin alloys the material underneath the contaminants isn’t damaged. “You might get a three-to-five-degree temperature increase on very thin metals,” says Ben. So, is light a wave or a particle? Who knows, but photons are certainly massless things. They must be because the beam is traveling at the speed of light, yet if it’s focused on a five cent piece balanced on its edge, cleaning it doesn’t knock it over. We were going to demonstrate this but in these days of ubiquitous card transactions, no one had a coin to hand. Times change. The cleaning effectiveness of a laser depends on how the material to be removed absorbs light. Darker materials, like rust and carbon deposits, do so quite readily whereas steel substrates reflect light. This difference of absorption
Because the laser only affects the contaminants to which it’s tuned, an area can be masked off using ordinary masking tape (below left & right). The speed at which the laser traces the circle determines how closely spaced the laser pulses will be (bottom left). Unfortunately, the photographs can’t show just how quickly the laser cleans (bottom right)
is a key means of effecting one layer and not the other. As the rust or other contaminant absorbs energy from the laser the molecules become highly active and expand, which breaks the bond with the substrate. The contaminants then turn to dust and fumes. This is not to say that lighter coloured contaminants can’t be removed, they can. White paint is highly reflective but it can still be removed, though it will take more time. Black paint can be removed three or four times more quickly than white paint.
The laser beam is directed by mirrors in the head unit (the bulky part of the system held and directed by the operator). Some beams scan from side to side in a straight line. Ben says that as the beam changes direction in a straight scanning system there can be a slight pause, which could lead to hot spots and uneven action – although keeping the beam moving prevents this.
The mirrors in the system PLC uses steer the beam in a continuous circular pattern, as can be seen in the photographs. Ben says this reduces the likelihood of any hot spots. Also, the circular pattern can sometimes reach areas more easily than a straight scanning beam. There are also systems available that change the beam shape as cleaning is in progress, like some from Laser Industries Australia.
Laser cleaners are easy to use but some knowledge is required. Various parameters need to be adjusted to achieve the best result. There’s the pulse duration, the frequency and the RPM of the circle traced out by the beam. It’s not just a matter of plugging it in, turning the power up or down and going for it.
Some people believe that a laser cleaner is akin to a magic wand that can do
Laser cleaning is excellent for hard-to-reach areas, like splines (above left). Heavy carbon deposits like those on the flanges of this exhaust manifold (left & below left). The laser can reach down holes to an extent (bottom left). Each valve face took a few seconds to clean back to bare metal (above right). The laser also made short work of the remains of the gasket residue (below). The paper was left untouched as the laser burned off the graphite (bottom)
then sealed, as shown in the shots, and left overnight. In the morning the smoke odours were gone. How?
Biosweep is what’s described as a photocatalytic conversion machine that creates ozone and hydrogen peroxide gases. Anyone who understands electric motors will not be surprised to learn that ozone is created by spark generation. The spark reacts with the air to create O3 – ozone. It’s interesting that we need O2 to live but O3 is poisonous to us. Older types of ozone generators also created nitric oxide which, combined with moisture in the air, creates nitric acid. Careful masking was necessary with such machines because they could cause damage to things. Also, such machines were slow acting which exacerbated the nitric acid problem.
Biosweep is an improvement in that along with ozone, it creates hydrogen peroxide gas, which reacts more vigorously with contaminants and penetrates more deeply. It penetrates carpet and upholstery particularly effectively. The system also deals extremely well with odours from cigarette smoke. Biosweep is a clean cleaning technology in that no scrubbing or chemicals are required.
The size of the circle is altered by changing lenses (top). The surface exposed by laser cleaning is often immediately ready for paint (above left). Intricate detail like this braided cover respond really well to laser cleaning (above right. The laser at work (top right). This costs $150,000. Prices should fall as the technology becomes more common (right)
Often these didn’t work terribly well anyway. It’s important to note, however, that if the source of the odour isn’t removed, Biosweep will get rid of it but it will return after a while. So, if someone has thrown prawns under a seat, they’ll have to be cleaned out before treatment with Biosweep. Don’t laugh, we’ve seen this done. Actually, prawns in hubcaps used to be a favourite. Of course alloy wheels have removed that particular form of revenge. Killing bacteria and viruses is set to become a fixed part of our lives going forward. This is often achieved with various lotions and potions that are wiped or sprayed onto surfaces. SP Tools has taken a clean and clever approach by combining high energy UV-C light with a standard LED work light. UV-C light is capable of disrupting the reproductive function of viruses. SP says
The modern world runs on a foundational partnership between electricity and oil. Both technologies had their start in the nineteenth century and as far as road transport is concerned, it was only because of World War One that oil came to dominate. But now, with increasing concerns over carbon emissions from fossil fuels, electricity seems to be coming into ascendance. Electrical energy comes to us through the electrical supply grid. Everyone knows what the grid is, at least in basic terms. We’ve all seen the poles and pylons with wires strung between them. Then there’s the fossil fuel supply network of service stations fed by tanker trucks from upstream import and production facilities. The oil and electrical supply networks are both huge. Tesla has done the groundwork for the widespread acceptance of battery electric vehicles. Now other manufacturers have seen the writing on the wall and have made serious commitments to electrified transport. GM is the latest example with its commitment to an all-electric lineup by 2035. If this trend continues and all vehicles become electric, all of the energy that’s currently transported through the fossil fuel network will have to be transferred to the electrical grid. That’s a huge amount of energy. People are rightly starting to ask if the grid will be able to handle it. The answer is, it depends. If all cars became electric tomorrow the grid would probably not be able to cope with the charging requirements. Of course, it’s going to be a long time before our vehicle fleet becomes all electric. There are about 20 million cars in Australia. Around 20,000 EVs have been sold here in the last 10 years. So, those figures suggest that about 0.1 percent of the vehicle fleet is electric. The number of electric vehicles continues to grow but with figures like that it will be quite some time before the Australian vehicle fleet is all electric. Meanwhile, our power grid is being constantly upgraded. We found an employee of one of the main power distribution companies who was willing to comment but who insists on remaining anonymous, despite having fairly positive things to say. The person has knowledge of network maintenance and upgrade efforts by the company but has no media liaison function and can’t speak officially. So, our contact says that upgrades to the distribution power grid are constant and in line with increased demand across the network. For instance, infrastructure upgrades for dealing with power inputs to the grid from rooftop solar systems is an area receiving attention across Victoria as natural demand for this capability increases.
Larger conductors are being fitted in some areas, better conductors are replacing older ones, bigger transformers are being fitted at sub-stations and more switch points are being fitted to move power to parts of the grid when such transfers are needed to match available power to demand and prevent overloading. Also, capacitive storage is being installed, which is great for instantaneous grid adjustment to match demand. There are reports that
High voltage from transmission lines is stepped down at substations like this one (above). The four lower lines are three-phase 415V units. Above them are 22kV supply lines. At the top the larger insulators might indicate that these lines are 66kV lines. (below left). Pole-mounted transfomers step voltages down from 22kV or 66kV. At the top you can see high voltage fuses (below right)
across the state in response to the 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission. REFCLs sense whenever a line is earthed to the ground and switches off power within milliseconds preventing fires and
our contact has an awareness of the work that’s going on and says it’s constant. “Sure, some of it could be done a bit better but we are getting it done. It’s all overseen by Electrical Safety Victoria anyway.”
In light of the disastrous fire season last year it’s worth mentioning that the grid can start fires. When a high voltage line becomes dislodged from a pole and makes contact with the ground, the current can, and has, started fires. REFCL (Rapid Earth Fault Current Limiter) devices have been installed in many areas
injury. The full operating characteristics of REFCLs are even more complex. So, the installation of REFCLs is another form of infrastructure upgrade, although it’s for a specific purpose rather than increasing power carrying capacity. Still, REFCLs do also contribute to overall grid stability by preventing current spikes. Traditionally, power production has had to be very closely matched to demand to maintain a stable supply. This is because our generators (and alternators) turn at 50rpm, which is why our power has a
frequency of 50Hz. At that speed they’re designed to produce a particular voltage. When demand for electricity increases it acts to slow the generators a little. When demand drops, generators speed up a little. The operative term here is ‘little’. The rotational speed of our generators must remain as close as possible to 50Hz because our electrical devices are designed to operate at that frequency. If the frequency varies too much, appliances drawing power from the system won’t operate correctly and could be damaged. The rotational speed of a generator is
Traditionally, most of our power has come from coal-fired generating plants in the Latrobe Valley. It still does. The closure of Hazelwood leaves Loy Yang A and B and Yallourn still operating. These are known as baseload generating stations. Together they generate 4760MW. They are the stable backbone of Victorian power generation capabilities, although it must be said that Yallourn has had some reliability issues. Although the stability of baseload power stations like those in the Latrobe Valley is desirable, it’s also problematic because they don’t respond very well to changes
the state producing 2385MW along with 22 hydroelectric generators creating 716MW. About 30 wind farms in the state currently produce 2346MW. Another 20 that are under construction will generate 1720MW. New farms that are approved or seeking approval will generate a further 1946MW. So, wind farms will produce a total of 6012MW when all of the pending
projects are completed. Solar farms in northern and northwestern Victoria contribute about 478MW to the mix.
Proposed and approved solar arrays will bring another 731MW into the grid.
Victoria’s stated aim is for all electricity generation to be carbon free by 2050.
On the figures above, 7221MW of green power generation compares favorably with 7145MW of carbon producing generation. There is, of course, a great deal of detail we’re leaving out of these basic figures like roof-top solar, feed-in tariff schemes and the like which will all play a part in reaching government objectives. As far as electrified transport is concerned, the government is going to have to tax EVs. Revenue from the 40 percent it takes from every litre of petrol will have to be replaced. This will certainly effect the adoption of EVs.
As electric vehicles become more common, the need for increased electrical power generation and a reliable distribution network will also increase. In the current
climate it will have to be carbon-free, so that means a lot more wind farms and many more solar arrays. However, by the time EVs are ubiquitous a great number of solar panels will be located on privately owned rooftops backed by on-site batteries. Perhaps renewables will do the trick, perhaps they’ll need some help. If anyone suggested nuclear power in the past they’d have been asked to
Any of the 415V three-phase lines can provide 240V. The twisted pair lines will supply 240V to houses. The reason there are four lines for three phases is that one of them is an earth (top left). Renewable power from wind and solar are supplying an increasing amount of power for Victoria and South Australia (top centre & right). Solar panels don’t have to take up vast swathes of land. Eventually every roof will have them and they’ll all feed into the grid (above left & right). Imagine having your phone out like this at a service station (below left). In the future when EVs become more popular, charging at home will be a carefully managed process so the grid won’t be overloaded (below)
leave the room immediately. Amazingly, though, the suggestion of nuclear power generation is starting to gain acceptance and do so in surprising quarters. Bill Gates is an unexpected proponent.
If carbon is the only concern it’s hard to go past nuclear power generation for a solid always-on baseline supply of carbon-free electricity. Of course nuclear power has quite a few negatives associated with it. Some of the misgivings are valid, some aren’t. Concerns about nuclear waste certainly are. However, while nuclear power isn’t a complete solution to baseload carbon-free power generation it’s not all bad either.
The complete absence of any history of nuclear power generation in Australia does not bode well for the establishment of large scale conventional nuclear power generation anywhere in the country. Not to mention the fact that Section 140A of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 disallows all important nuclear industries including power generation. There are interests lobbying for the removal of Section 140A on the basis that it is restricting potential Australian industries that could service the rest of the world. However, public fear is strong and it would take more than a PR campaign to assuage concerns. Any form of nuclear power generation would have to be completely new and revolutionary for any hope of acceptance, even with current concerns about carbon emissions. It turns out that there seems to be such a technology called the Small Modular Reactor (SMR).
Modern coal-fired power plants are seen as dirty but they’re like clean rooms compared with how things used to be (above right & left). What a lovely scene (that’s steam, not smoke). The only trouble is that the power station is nuclear. It must be said, though, that there are about 450 nuclear power stations in the world. Nuclear kills less people than coal (right). Nuclear power stations can be identified by the domed concrete containment structures designed to protect the environment if things go wrong (below). Chernobyl did not have a containment structure (below far right). The new face of nuclear, small modular reactors. These are safer than conventional reactors because cooling the core is automatic and doesn’t rely on external power (far right)
SMRs use conventional fission reactions to boil water to drive steam turbines to drive generators. The name comes from the fact that they’re physically small and they don’t generate much power compared with conventional large scale power plants. US company NuScale is designing reactors that will create around 60MW. Such a unit will be around 20 metres high with a diameter just shy of three metres.
In the NuScale design, cooling water at the base is heated by the reactor core and then rises by means of natural convection through a heat exchange steam generator. This cools the water which then sinks back down to the core. No pumping is needed so the danger of a failed pumping system is removed. The water in a NuScale design will just continue to circulate.
Conventional nuclear power stations take many years to build and cost many billions of dollars. SMRs aren’t built onsite in the same way. They are modular with the modules fabricated in factories
There are none in service yet but the first NuScale units are planned for middecade or a bit later. NuScale suggests that up to a dozen modules might be deployed at each site, although less can be used. Because they’re modular they are much more flexible in operation, which is an important characteristic for any future power generation scheme. Opponents of nuclear power say that renewable sources like battery augmented solar and wind along with hydro could meet all of Australia’s electrical energy requirements. This seems entirely possible and renewable power installations in Australia are growing at a rate that far exceeds the local uptake of EVs. By the time the charging demands of EVs become a matter for concern the grid will have been upgraded and will also accommodate feeds from the rapidly growing rooftop solar sector.
Renewables are by nature flexible in their connection to the grid. Combined with a robust grid they make the most flexible means of generation and broad scale distribution of power from where it’s abundant to where it’s needed. The Victorian grid is connected with the state grids in Queensland, New South Wales, Tasmania and South Australia. This is one of the longest grids in the world. Experts suggest that if it’s all powered by renewables there won’t be a need for base-load installations.
There are proposals for connecting the Western Australian grid and that of the Northern Territory to the Eastern grid for a truly national system. Then, when everyone on the east coast gets home at 5pm and want to charge their cars over the next few hours, solar power from Western Australia will help. Conversely, the east coast will start generating solar three hours before Western Australia and could send surplus power west in the mornings. EVs themselves will also be part of the grid. When they’re idle they’ll receive and store excess power. When that power is needed elsewhere, they’ll return some of it to the grid. We’ll still set our cars to charge when we get home in the evening but when it actually receives charge will depend upon grid conditions. AI algorithms will determine which EVs receive charge when. However, when we want to go to work in the mornings our cars will be charged and waiting. What we’ve mentioned here doesn’t consider the TaaS model. Individual car ownership will be less prevalent as we roll into the future. When authority over cars lies with a TaaS operator rather than thousands of individual owners interaction with the grid will be much easier. If we keep upgrading the grid and generation capacity our lives will be, too.
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FORD RANGER & MAZDA BT-50 4WD SYSTEM OVERVIEW
components, with the only differences being the outer body panels (except for the roof and window glass). Both have proven popular and capable to get the kids to school, the tradie to the job, and the family away for an off-road adventure. This article will give an overview of the system with wiring diagrams, parts locations and fault codes which should make diagnosing problems with the system fast and efficient.
THERE are minor changes from Mark I to Mark II / UP to UR, but the overall system is the same. This 4WD system is relatively simple as there are very few electrical components and even less moving parts outside of the transfer case. We have not heard anything bad about this 4WD system, and there are as yet no common areas of failure.
This system is different from models before 2011, as they have done away with the freewheeling hub system. The front drive shafts cannot be disengaged from the hub. However, they have included an Electronic Locking Differential in the rear axle for some extra off-road traction that can be engaged with a separate switch on the centre of the dash.
Overview
These vehicles have a part-time 4WD system which is electronically shifted via the Transfer Case Shift Motor which is mounted on the back of the transfer case. This Shift Motor rotates a rotary cam inside the transfer case to shift
between 2H (2WD High Range) and 4H (4WD High Range), and 4H and 4L (4WD Low Range). The PCM controls the shift motor via the two 4x4 relays in the Battery Junction Box under the bonnet. 4x4 Relay number one rotates the Shift Motor clockwise and 4x4 Relay number two rotates the Shift Motor anti-clockwise. Within the Shift Motor Assembly is a Hall Effect sensor that informs the PCM of the transfer case shift position. When shifting between ranges, you will hear a clicking sound from the driveline, which is normal.
Shifting
There are three operating models that are selected via a toggle switch on the centre console which are 2H, 4H and 4L. Shifting from 2H to 4H can be done at any road speed, but only while the accelerator pedal is released. During shifting, the 4x4 light will flash and will stay on once 4H is engaged. To shift in and out of 4L, stop the vehicle, the transmission must be in neutral (and clutch depressed for manual
gearbox). During shifting, the 4x4 light will flash. If the light continues to flash, the conditions for shifting have not been met. Note: For vehicles with a manual transmission there is a Manual Gear Shift Harmonisation system. The PCM will optimise the speed of the engine to the next higher gear ratio to assist in smooth gear changing. This system will operate for two seconds after the clutch has been depressed. This might be noticed by the driver due to the engine not immediately returning to idle, as it holds the optimum speed for the next gear change. This is normal.
When shifting to 4L, Traction Control and Trailer Stability Control will be deactivated and will only be reactivated when 2H is selected again.
As long as the correct inputs and outputs are received from the following components, shifting between ranges should occur:
The ambient air temperature from the PCM.
Diagnostic
DTC Description
P1820-00 Transfer Case Clockwise Shift Relay Coil Circuit Failure
P1821-00 Transfer Case Clockwise Shift Relay Coil Open Circuit
P1822-00 Transfer Case Clockwise Shift Relay Coil Short Circuit To Battery
P1823-00 Transfer Case Clockwise Shift Relay Coil Short Circuit To Ground
P1828-00 Transfer Case Counter Clockwise Shift Relay Coil Circuit Failure
P1829-00 Transfer Case Counter Clockwise Shift Relay Coil Open Circuit
P1830-00 Transfer Case Counter Clockwise Shift Relay Coil Short Circuit To Battery
P1831-00 Transfer Case Counter Clockwise Shift Relay Coil Short Circuit To Ground
P184A-00 Transfer Case Unable To Transition Between 4x2 and 4x4 Mode
P184B-00 Transfer Case Unable To Transition Between 4x4 High and 4x4 Low Range
P1870-00 Mechanical Transfer Case 4x4 Switch Circuit Failure
P1871-00 Mechanical Transfer Case 4x4 Switch Circuit Short To Battery
P1874-00 Transfer Case Hall Effect Sensor Power Circuit Failure
P1875-00 Transfer Case Hall Effect Sensor Power Circuit Short To Battery
P187C-00 Differential Lock-Up Control Circuit Open
P187D-00 Differential Lock-Up Control Circuit Low
P187E-00 Differential Lock-Up Control Circuit High
Pulse Width Modulation signal to the Transfer Case Shift Motor Instrument Panel Cluster indicators (4x4 lights).
Mode selection switch
This is mounted on the centre console and has three positions for 2H, 4H and 4L. Within this switch are three resistors with different resistance for each range.
The PCM monitors this circuit, and it will recognise a change in resistance and then shift the transfer case. To check, measure the resistance across the terminals and rotate the switch to all positions and the resistances should be in the following ranges (see table, below left).
Transfer Case Shift Motor
This is bolted onto the back of the transfer case with three bolts.
The output shaft of the motor engages with the rotary cam via a slotted shaft which can only be fitted one way. If the system does not shift, you can unbolt the Transfer Shift Motor, with the harness still attached. With someone moving the Mode Selection Switch into each position, you should see the output shaft move in the correct directions. If it does not, you will need to check the system and components.
Transfer Case
It is good practice to check the operation of the transfer case before replacing any faulty Transfer Case Shift Motor Assemblies. Engage a large screwdriver, or something similar, into the slot in the rotary cam in the transfer case and see if you can manually shift into 4H. Rotate the rear propeller shaft to confirm that the front propeller shaft also rotates. Then select 4L and then back to 2H to make sure that 4H is disengaged (front propeller shaft no longer rotates). The torque required to shift through all three positions should be less than 45
newton-metres (Nm). If it is more, there is an internal problem in the transfer case, which will cause the Transfer Case Shift Motor to fail again.
Electronic Locking Differential (ELD)
The Electronic Locking Differential system will lock the side gears in the rear differential for extra traction while offroad driving. This can be engaged when the button on the dashboard is pressed, the vehicle speed is less than 30km/h and the accelerator pedal is released. If the vehicle speed goes above 40km/h the ELD indicator in the instrument cluster will flash until the speed drops below 30km/h. If there is a fault in the system, the ELD will not engage, Check Locking Differential will be displayed and DTC will be logged.
To engage the lock, the PCM sends a pulse width modulated voltage to the solenoid in the rear differential. This PWM voltage has a duty cycle of 98 percent, which is reduced to 40 percent after 30 seconds (once the solenoid has engaged the dog clutch in the differential).
Common faults
The manual mentions that if the vehicle shudders or surges while driving in a straight line, this could be due to incorrect wheel or tyre sizes causing the driveline to wind up. Incorrect tyre pressures or tyres that have worn unevenly on the front or rear axles can also cause this problem. Uneven tyre and wheel size can also cause the ELD not to engage.
Tech Talk research has revealed no common fault complaints in regards to the 4WD system on these vehicles. It is a simple and robust system with most of the problems coming from operator error (e.g. driving in 4H and 4L on the highway). Like any other 4WD system, lack of use is a cause of many problems, such as seized actuators, bearings vibrating apart and electrical contacts corroding. It is recommended that motorists engage the 4WD system every couple of weeks to make sure that it will work when they need it and to avoid repairs in the future.
The BT-50 is currently based on the Ford Ranger, but Mazda and Ford terminated this deal in 2016. Mazda confirmed in July last year that it had negotiated with Isuzu to supply the next generation of its BT-50 pick-up.
For more information about Ford Ranger and Mazda BT-50 models, log on to Tech Online or call the Technical Advisory Service on 03 9829 1187.
Ranger PX
Mark I and BT-50 UP 4WD System Wiring Diagram
Ranger
PX Mark II and BT-50 UR 4WD System Wiring Diagram
Motor (Clockwise) Relay No.1
PX Mark I and BT-50 UP fuse box locations
Rotary cam slot alignment With the Transfer Case Shift Motor removed, the slot in the rotary cam can be seen When refitting the Transfer Case Shift Motor, make sure the slot is 5.4 degrees off vertical, to the left of centre. Tighten the three bolts to 22Nm
FL 12 25A 4x4 Motor Power
F23 10A Diff Lock Solenoid
4x4 Relay one (anti-clockwise)
Lock Relay
PCM Relay
FL 6 25A Motor Ground
Front of vehicle
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Becoming a VACC or TACC member opens up a wide range of special offers and discounted products and services for you and your business. VACC and TACC have collaborated with organisations which provide essential services to your business to offer special low rates for members. Couple the savings from discounted products and services with the subsidised services which VACC itself offers to members, and your annual membership can easily pay for itself. Everything from IR advice, to cheaper EFTPOS terminals to technical solutions is on offer. This guide gives you an idea of the offers which you can access, as well as a number of other collaborations.
Workplace/IR Advice
Members can access services including a call centre for employment-related questions, a web page with award rates and policy and employment fact sheets, writing of employment contracts, handbooks and policies, and member and industry representation.
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Auto Apprenticeships
VACC takes the hassle out of hiring trainees and apprentices, as businesses are matched with high quality candidates who meet strict selection criteria. VACC also looks after all administration aspects of the apprenticeship, including visits by Field Officers.
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OurAuto Digital provides a one-stop solution for your business’ website, including a custom design, rendering for smartphones and tablets, email accounts and hosting. Businesses are able to update web content themselves. VACC and TACC members receive these services at a discounted rate.
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Businesses can purchase a wide range of items, including personalised stationery, consumables such as floor mats and seat covers, workplace safety signage and much more. Member businesses automatically receive a discount on purchases.
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The A Grade Automotive Network is a network of VACC member businesses that are dedicated to providing customers a better quality experience across all aspects of vehicle maintenance and repairs. Participants are contractually bound and VACC certified, and are publicly promoted in various forms of advertising.
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Technical Information
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Commonwealth Bank could provide the expertise, insights, technology and financial solutions to help your business move forward. Our Commonwealth Bank Business Banking Specialists can guide you through available business solutions to suit your business needs.
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Members can access automotive industryspecific training programs in business management, industrial relations/human resource management, technical and OHS & Environment. Skills Development Centre also facilitates short courses, online programs and diploma and degree qualifications.
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VACC and TACC members receive discounted rates and benefits, including trace and track capabilities, one number to call, one easy-to-understand invoice, and online job quoting, booking and tracking. Contact VACC for an application form.
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VACC Helpline provides a free job advertising service on the JobFinder website. Any automotive business, VACC member or not, can advertise qualified and apprenticeship vacancies. All enquiries go direct to you for screening.
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Members can access consultation and advice on OHS issues, including incident management, policies, workers’ compensation and more. OHS specialists provide workplace assessments and training, and administer the HazCheck management system.
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Located on St Kilda Road and close to Albert Park, View Melbourne is a 4-star property, where VACC members can obtain discounts off the corporate rate.
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Winc offers a convenient single source for business and workshop supplies. VACC and TACC members have access to discounts on WINC supplies. Contact VACC for an application form.
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VACC Helpline provides apprentices and businesses a free automotive apprenticeship signup and advisory service to assist all parties at any time. With years of experience and knowledge, it’s well worth a quick phone call to put you in the right direction.
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Members automatically receive Australian Automotive magazine. The bi-monthly publication offers the latest industry news, reviews, industry comment and technical articles. Australian Automotive is the most widely read automotive industry publication in the country.
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A convenient go-to solution for supporting automotive workplace compliance needs. Health and Safety can be a complex, high risk and costly area for workplaces. AWA offers ready-made, industry-specific compliance products, so that business owners can get on with the job at hand.
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TACC
Founded in 1930, TACC serves the automotive industry in Tasmania and amalgamated with VACC in 1999. TACC members gain access to all of the same products and services as VACC members, however TACC also has a number of additional services for its membership.
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All VACC and TACC members receive Workplace Update on a monthly basis via email, with issues also available on the VACC website. The publication provides the latest news and information regarding workplace and industrial relations, OHS and environment, business obligations and training opportunities.
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All members have access to advertising in VACC publications at preferential rates, including Australian Automotive with a national readership exceeding 20,000. The VACC marketing department can help members by designing advertisements at a heavily subsidised rate.
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TACC Apprenticeships
TACC takes the hassle out of hiring trainees and apprentices, as businesses are matched with high quality candidates who meet strict selection criteria. TACC also looks after all administration aspects of the apprenticeship, including visits by Field Officers.
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Insurance matters when things go wrong and when they do, it’s important that you have the most comprehensive insurance cover possible.
We work with you to understand and manage your risks and then provide Policy options that address your specific insurance needs.
OurAuto Insurance understands the importance of providing the right insurance that matches your needs.
Competitive prices
We are a broker and therefore not tied to a single insurance company. This means that once we understand your insurance risks, we can shop the market on your behalf to achieve a competitive price.
Cover for all automotive businesses
OurAuto Insurance has a goal to seek insurance for all businesses operating in the Australian automotive industry regardless of size and risk profile.
Challenge us to find a better deal
Contact us today and challenge us to find a better insurance deal for your business.
recent
“I received great service from OurAuto Insurance. The representative Dean was very helpful and conducted a thorough analysis of my previous quote. I discovered that I didn’t have the coverage my business needed and was able to get full coverage with OurAuto Insurance, while still making a significant saving. Overall it was a 10/10 experience.”
Joe Defina, Defina Automotive
“OurAuto Insurance promised to look into my insurance after I told them I had a claim and my existing insurer had increased my premium to the point it was unaffordable. The advice and the service I received was outstanding. They identified areas I wasn’t covered and helped me understand where my business was vulnerable. They provided outstanding service and came back to me with a real saving, something that made a real difference to my business and with greater overall cover.”
Gentile, Generals Automotive Nunawading VIC
Any advice in this document is general and may not be suitable to your circumstances. VACC may earn commission as a direct result of your insurance placement with OurAuto Insurance.
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VACC MOTORTECH brings together VACC’s proven suite of technical products with the might of Haynes’ international know-how.
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