陽台觀察者報告 The balcony observer's report- Vol 11 怹个台語名按怎講

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The Balcony Observer's Report

陽台觀察者報告

Report No. 104

May 2023

Vol. 11

怹个台語名 按怎講
106 白頭翁愛梳妝 Report No. 109 構樹-2. 果子熟了
? Report No.
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

編輯的話

歡迎!看了上次介紹的你永遠不知道今天會

看到誰(參閱 Vol. 10)之後,讀者是不是覺得

陽台觀察真是很有趣呢?

5月22號是國際生物多樣性日,一時興起,

我想用我的母語介紹我陽台的四種鳥朋友。歡

迎參閱「 Report No. 104 怹个台語名按怎 講? 」。

最後, 小編仍然希望人們在看到本刊所載的

照片後也願意在他們的花園,陽台,或窗台上

種些樹。給樹澆水並不麻煩;觀察是如此有趣。

他們說:「如果把花園和各種植物帶回城市, 動物們也將回來」。在此祝大家母親節快樂!

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告 目錄 No. 101 安德遜蠅虎,公 No. 102 黃斑椿象不覺累 No. 103 孤挺花熟了 No. 104 怹个台語名按怎講? No. 105 紅脈熊蟬,夏天到 May 2023 Vol. 11
No. 107 構樹-1. 公母花 The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告 No. 106 白頭翁愛梳妝 No. 108 基斑毒蛾幼蟲愛換裝 No. 109 構樹-2. 果子熟了 No. 110 日出
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

No. 101

Adanson's house jumping spider (Hasarius adansoni) 安德遜蠅虎,公

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

1. 這隻是公的安德遜蠅虎(Hasarius adansoni),

短暫停在黃金葛(Epipremnum aureum)葉上。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
2. 頭胸部及腹部各有一個白 色月形斑紋,觸肢也有白毛。

Issuu

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告 1 Welcome 雜誌全文於

No. 102 Don't you feel tired? (Erthesina fullo)

黃斑椿象不覺累

1. A nymph of yellow spotted stink bug (Erthesina fullo) is climbing on a Malabar chestnut (Pachira aquatica) on my balcony in Taichung, Taiwan.

一隻黃斑椿象若蟲正在馬拉巴栗上爬著。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

2. Oh, the road is long. Don't you feel tired?

哦,路長得很。你不覺得累嗎?

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

3. The hard-working bug. 真是隻勤勞的蟲子。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

No. 103 Amaryllis (Hippeastrum spp.)

孤挺花熟了

1. In spring, the Amaryllis (Hippeastrum spp.) on the balcony was ready to bloom in Taichung, Taiwan 春天時,陽台的孤挺花準備開了。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

2. A few days later, the flowers bloomed. 幾天後,花開了。

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The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

3. There are six red tepals (three outer sepals and three inner petals) and six stamens in each flower. Of course, there is also a pistil. The pistil droops down, indicating that it is not very mature. 每朵花(花被)有6瓣(萼片三瓣在外圈,花瓣三瓣 在內圈)還有六個雄蕊。當然,還有一個雌蕊。

雌蕊往下垂,代表還不是很成熟。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

4. This is the red that fascinates me.

這是令我著迷的紅色。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

5. There is a tri-valve capsule of the fruit (3 weeks later).

蒴果有三瓣狀的鼓起(三個禮拜後)。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

6. There are mature flattened seeds within black wings (5 weeks later).

扁平的成熟種子在黑色翅膀內 (五個禮拜後)。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

7. After a few months, the Amaryllis planted from a seed also grew a few young leaves.

幾個月後,用種子種下的孤挺花 也長出了幾片嫩葉。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

8. A year later, the Amaryllis on the balcony bloomed again. The newly planted Amaryllis has also grown. Perhaps soon I will have two pots of mother and daughter amaryllis blooming together. 一年後,陽台的孤挺花又開了。 新種的孤挺花也已長大了。或許 再不久,我就有兩盆一起開花的 母女孤挺花。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

No. 104

What are their names in Taiwanese?

?

Four kinds of birds on my balcony

5月22號是 國際生物多樣性日子(International Day for Biological Diversity),一時興興,我想袂佇遮介紹 我个陽台四款鳥朋友个台語名。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
怹个台語名按怎講
<
我个台語無啥輪轉,平常時嘛罕咧用。
我个陽台四款鳥朋友>

First: Pycnonotus sinensis

白頭鵠仔

第一款,「白頭鵠仔」(pehthau-khok-a),嘛有人寫「白

頭殼仔」。

華語號做:白頭翁

英文是:Light-vented Bulbul

學名是:Pycnonotus sinensis

雀形目鵯科个白頭鵠仔,頭 頂戴一頂白帽仔,是我个陽台上 蓋捷看著个嬌客,平均壽命差不

多10至15年,阿肥和阿瘦著是。

叫聲不止仔清,而且有幾若款叫 法。

白頭鵠仔毋但愛吃果子,閣

愛放屎踮我个陽台。我陽台个娘

仔樹(桑樹)、烏甜仔菜(龍葵)、

流血桐(血桐)、楷木(黃連木),

攏是怹"種"个。實在是"家己欲

食个家己種"!

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The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

Secondary: Zosterops japonicas

青笛仔

第二款,「青笛仔」(tshinnthi-a),抑是「青啼仔」,嘛有 人寫「青弟仔」。

我個人(佮一寡網友?)感覺應該

嘛會通寫成「青豬仔」,意思是 青色个豬仔,有古錐無?

華語號做:綠繡眼

英文是:Japanese White-eye

學名是:Zosterops japonicus

雀形目綉眼鳥科个青笛仔, 目睭邊仔一框白白,足明顯,真 好認。紐西蘭个朋友叫伊 「Silvereye」。

青笛仔嘛定定拜訪我个陽台, 四常是二至四隻團體行動,叫聲 攏是「唧-唧-唧」,聲足清,鳥

未到,聲先到,罕罕十幾隻同齊 來,看甲我个目睭攏花啊。

青笛仔愛洗身軀,所以我沃 花時常常順紲共葉仔用水噴噴个, 一方面洗葉仔,一方面會使烏紗 鳥仔。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

Third: Streptopelia chinensis

斑鴿

第三款,「斑鴿」(pan-kah),

嘛有人寫「斑甲」,包括華語个

紅鳩、珠頸斑鳩、以及金背鳩三 種。

其中來我陽台个是珠頸斑鴿,因

為頷頸仔兩邊佮背後有黑底,帶 白斑个鳥毛,親像戴珍珠袚鍊。

華語號做:珠頸斑鳩

chinensis

鳩鴿科副斑鳩屬个珠頸斑鳩,

平常時愛佇土跤找食,無常常上

我个陽台,因為陽台土跤攏付我

掃了誠清氣,無怹个食物。

斑鴿干單罕罕會來,攏「咕

-咕-咕」咧叫,聲音低低,不而

過真大聲,敢若是恐驚別人無知 伊會來。猶毋過斑鴿真無膽,常 常看到人影就緊飛走。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
英文是:Spotted Dove 學名是:Streptopelia
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

Fourth: Lonchura punctulata

烏喙筆仔

第四款,嘛是上尾一款,就是 「烏喙筆仔」(oo-tshui-pit-a), 嘛有人寫「烏嘴筆仔」,因為全 嘴黑嘛嘛。阮厝內攏講「烏喙撇 仔」。

華語號做:斑文鳥,因為怹个胸 坎佮腹肚有親像魚鱗个花草,俗 名叫做鱗胸文鳥、魚鱗沉香算命 鳥。

英文是:Scaly-breasted

Munia,Nutmeg Mannikin,

Spotted Munia 學名是:Lonchura punctulata

梅花雀科文鳥屬个斑文鳥,

雖然聽講是常常看个著个都市野 鳥,不過我个陽台干焦久久會當 看到一改。體型佮青笛仔差無偌 濟,不過腳盤看起來特別大。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

No. 105 Summer is Coming, Cicada (Cryptotympana pustulata)

紅脈熊蟬,夏天到

A cicada (Crytotympana pustulata) on a mulberry tree in the morning on my balcony in Taichung, Taiwan

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

紅脈熊蟬停在陽台桑樹枝條上休息。翅脈橙紅色,故名。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

No. 106 Clean plumage (Pycnonotus sinensis) 白頭翁愛梳妝

梳妝理毛是白頭翁阿瘦的每日例行公事。阿 瘦怎麼做呢?讓我們瞧一瞧吧!

1. In the early morning, a light-vented bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis) called AShou came to my balcony and stayed on a branch of Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia) in Taichung, Taiwan.

一早一隻叫阿瘦的白頭翁來我的陽台,就停 在藍花楹(Jacaranda mimosifolia)的枝條上。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

2. 他先做了個抖擻的動作。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

3. 然後整理胸前的羽毛。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

4. 他舉起右手清一清腋下。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

5. 稍微休息一下發呆。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

6. 再舉起左手理一理羽毛。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

7. 踢腿伸懶腰。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

8. 翅膀背面可沒漏掉。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

9. 結束收工。咦,你在偷看我嗎?

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

No. 107 Flowers of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) 構樹-1. 公母花

< Pollination will be arrived only when we have both male and female > 構樹是一種雌雄異株(dioecious)的桑科植物,是森林中的先驅植 物(pioneer plants),在台灣極為常見,特別是在荒廢地,俗稱「鹿仔 樹」。

或許是因為在郊外太常見了,被當成雜木,很多人可能會捨不得 特地在自家有限坪數的庭院中種它。不過可千萬別小看它哦,它可是 全身都是寶: 網路上說,不僅樹皮可以造紙做布,而且花可以入菜、葉 片可以煮茶,餵鹿,餵豬,餵兔子,紅色的漿果好吃(所以能誘鳥),還 能做成果醬...

我家的構樹是幾年前特地從彰化八卦山引來種的。(種雜木? 你沒

聽錯,我覺得陽台種成雜木林比栽種整排單一品種園藝花卉有更多的 樂趣,更能四季隨時感受生命的活力)。順便一提,現代都市人生活壓 力大,假日時想逃離水泥環境,便往郊山跑,尋找心靈的出口;我則 是逆向思考,想把陽台種成迷你森林,這樣不用等假日,天天在家就 享受綠意生活。

對於我種的構樹一開始也沒多想,直到前兩年花開,竟開出不同 型態的花,還結果,才發現原來剛好種了一公一母兩株(同時有雌雄株 才能授粉結果),從同一花盆長出來,它們的主幹靠近泥土的地方幾乎 連在一起,我之前有好長一段時間以為那些枝條都是來自同一棵(因為 構樹的樹幹短,常常在很低處便有分枝是正常現像)。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

1. 構樹的葉子卵形,卵狀長橢圓形,或心狀卵形,前端尖, 基部圓而略呈心形,邊緣有鋸齒,有些葉子會裂開,小朋 友會摘去當面具(mask)玩。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

2. 葉柄細長有茸毛。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

3. Male flowers of Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) on my balcony in Taichung,Taiwan 我家構樹花期在三四月份,雄花黃綠色呈長穗狀,盛開 時像是樹上垂下無數隻黃綠色的毛毛蟲。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

4. Female flowers of Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) on my balcony in Taichung,Taiwan 雌花呈球狀的頭狀花序,花柱細長如絲, 每條花柱代表一朵雌花,整體像是一團毛 球。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

5. 雌株結的瘦果多數而集合成一 球形的聚合果,一開始綠色。

to be continued... (未完待續...)

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

No. 108

Tussock moth caterpillar (Dasychira mendosa) 基斑毒蛾幼蟲 愛換裝

A caterpillar of Dasychira mendosa, also known as brown tussock moth or hairy tussock moth, wearing different clothes on different days on my balcony in Taichung, Taiwan

The Balcony Observer’s Report

基斑毒蛾幼蟲愛換裝,除了上背毛叢顏色及數目不同,下背顏色也多 變化:黃黑紅(左上);白黑紅(右上);灰紅紅(左下);黃紅紅(右下)。

No. 109 Mature, paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) 構樹-2. 果子熟了

< Phylogeography of paper mulberry supports the “out of Taiwan” hypothesis: Taiwan as the Austronesian homeland >

值得一提的是,構樹可以做成樹皮衣(barkcloth, a practical and symbolic component of Austronesian material culture), 是南島語族的「共生物種 (commensal species)」參閱: 樹皮布製作程 序 / Tapa making in Fiji and Samoa.(YouTube) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQmMHpPGg2g&feature =youtu.be

構樹是雌雄異株(dioecious),在台灣,構樹多是開花授粉 (pollination),結種子再生,屬於有性生殖(sexual reproduction);但生活在太平洋的南島語族(Austronesian)種構 樹是用根部萌櫱(ㄇㄥˊ ㄋㄧㄝˋ),屬於無性繁殖(asexual reproduction)的,其先祖在史前時期(prehistoric time)攜帶構

樹旅行時,極可能只帶了雌性(female)植株,所以曾經有復活節島

(Easter Island)居民看到臺灣構樹開花結果的照片時,大吃一驚! 藉由對構樹葉綠體基因組(chloroplast DNA sequences)的研究,

台灣學者鍾國芳的團隊從親緣地理學(phylogeography)的角度, 佐證了南島語族來自台灣的「出台灣說」(the “out of Taiwan” hypothesis)。參閱: 植物 DNA 竟記載著歷史!構樹說的南島語族遷 徙史(中研院科普媒體:研之有物)

http://research.sinica.edu.tw/paper-mulberry-dnaaustronesian-history-chung-kuo-fang/

其團隊研究成果2015年發表在美國國家科學院刊 (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, PNAS) 。遺憾的是,目前在 台灣,南島文化是個很弱勢的文化,我自己也不會講任何一種台灣原 住民語言。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

1. 兩個月過去了,什麼都沒發生,這一天,其 中一顆果子表面突然冒出一點點橘色的肉芽。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

2. A mature fruit of paper mulberry in June on my balcony in Taichung, Taiwan 另一顆果子,多熟了一天,整個橘 紅色果肉蹦出來,香甜好吃,鳥及 多種昆蟲都愛(所以構樹是自然觀 察相當不錯的樹種)。

為了拍照我把一片葉子摘掉,滲出 白色乳汁(摘自己陽台植物的葉子, 沒犯法吧)。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

3. A mature fruit of paper mulberry and a Lightvented Bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis) called A-Pui on my balcony in Taichung, Taiwan

我家白頭翁"阿肥"牠們一發現 就猛吃,一旦開動,嘴巴中途 是停不下來的。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

4. A mature fruit of paper mulberry and a Japanese white-eye (Zosterops japonicus) called Zuo-Zuo came to my balcony in the morning.

綠繡眼"左左"牠們也超愛構樹的果子,有相片為證。

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

5.

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
陽台構樹的果子熟了,橘 紅的顏色,也代表夏天到了。

No. 110 The 日出

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

The sunrise 日出

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

Balconies to biodiversity

陽台之於生物多樣性

Parksincitiesarejustisolated greenislands. Wehavetostringtheislands togetherbyusingstreettrees, individualbalconiesand courtyards .

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

城市的公園是一座座綠的孤島,

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
我們得用行道樹, 得用家戶陽台和庭院當綠廊, 把島嶼們串起來。
陽台觀察者報告
陽台之於生物多樣性
延伸閱讀:
-Vol04
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

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The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告 1
Welcome 雜誌全文於 HyRead

陽台觀察者報告 The balcony observer's report- Vol 01 我的1.5坪陽台微棲地

70 pages

October 25th, 2021 by Teng-Fu Tsao

一本鼓勵種樹的雜誌(線上翻頁書),收錄都市人透過陽台植栽,與大自然發生一連 串聯結的故事。如果您覺得文章有意思,或是也認同“愛地球,多種樹”的理念, 歡迎轉傳分享哦! A magazine (online flipbook) that encourages tree planting. It contains stories about an urbanite planting plants on the balcony…

雜誌全文於

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告
Welcome
PubU電子書城
The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

網路留言板

Hooker said, “I love how your Phoblog explores both the beauty and science of your balcony.”

Heike said, “Your balcony is a paradise for birds, insects and bugs !”

Andi Saw said, “Your balcony should be listed on Tripadvisor as the best balcony ever!�� ”

Ki Kin said, “很細微很精彩很耐心的觀察攝影啊!真正佩服你. 謝謝你的視覺分享.”

Heike said, “It seems your green oasis becomes well known among the animals...�� Get ready for more 'animal-tourists'...�� ”

Bethany Plonski said, “Thank you for the explanation! I'm glad you've learned the secret sign.�� Nature rewards people who are patient and watch the details! Thanks again for sharing the photos and what you have learned from watching them. Butterflies have such an interesting life, even if it is short.”

Jay Boggess said, “Thanks for taking the time to review your excellent observations and remarks.....No place remains the same.....the natural world is always changing to accommodate the changing of the seasons and the passage of time .....Great series! Thank You!��

Antonio Gil said, “Your balcony is the most wonderful micro cosmos I've seen.”

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告 h g

網路留言板

Antonio Gil said, “In this tumultuous world your pictures always calm down our spirit.”

John Durham said, “Excellent captures - have you contributed any of your photos to local schools or universities? When I was teaching I would have loved to have had such a trove of wonderful photos.”

Camellia Staab said, “Nice captures, might not be perfect to some, but the fact that you were able to capture it, makes it perfect�� ”

Camellia Staab said, “You did it! Cultivated the most beautiful creatures and let them lose to bring more beauty around us�� ”

Antonio Gil said, “You are a butterfly whisperer. Amazing set my friend”

Camellia Staab said, “ I agree with Antonio, you are the butterfly whisperer!”

Camellia Staab said, “ LOVE this post!!!!! Excellent Tsao!!!!!��

Leon Linder said, “It makes one wonder if a butterfly can sense how one feels and thinks about them. I think these feel very comfortable with you.”

The Balcony Observer’s Report 陽台觀察者報告

Ki Kin said, “真是個哈利波特的神奇魔杖啊!變!變!變! 枯

枝發芽 長新葉 阿瘦一呼阿肥來 恩恩愛愛 永永遠遠 你的觀察

細膩又文筆佳 令我欽佩啊!”

Leon Linder said, “You have a way of connecting with nature and nature has a way of connecting with you.”

Camellia Staab said, “I am curious Tsao, do you do this as a hobby or are you conducting some form of experiment? Either way it is very fascinating to read your notes and charts.”

Linda Patki said, “I never heard of baroque photography so thank you for this. I've learned something new. As far as these photos, I (like Leon Linder) can't find words to describe how they make me feel. Absolutely stunning. You should have your own magazine.”

SDG生物多樣性之居家實踐紀錄: 《陽台觀察者報告》

曹登富 編著

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陽台觀察者報告 The balcony observer&#39;s report- Vol 11 怹个台語名按怎講 by 曹登富 Teng-Fu Tsao - Issuu