Engineering Integrity Issue 54

Journal of the Engineering Integrity Society

ENGINEERING INTEGRITY

March 2023 | Issue No. 54

TECHNICAL PAPER:

Understanding Creep Model Errors And Their Potential To Influence The Accuracy Of Extrapolated Creep Data

ALSO INSIDE:

ARTICLE: Development of Brain-Inspired Computing

FATIGUE 2024

|

ADVANCING THE FUTURE OF SATELLITE TESTING

Data Physics and Team Corporation supply cutting-edge vibration test systems, including electrodynamic shakers, dynamic signal analyzers, and advanced shaker control systems with proprietary safe shutdown technology — all designed to advance satellite and aerospace testing programs well into the future.

dataphysics.com

sales@dataphysics.com

teamcorporation.com

Ready to take your vibration testing programs to the next level? Members

sales@teamcorporation.com

Instrumentation, Analysis & Testing Exhibition

Silverstone Wing, Silverstone Race Circuit

Tuesday 16 May 2023 10am-4pm

• 65 exhibitors from aerospace, automotive, motorsport, rail, off-highway, mechanical handling, civil engineering, industrial and power generation industries. The exhibitors offer a wide variety of modern instrumentation, measuring and modelling technologies

• Free Entrance to Exhibition and Mini Seminars

• Free Car Parking

• Complimentary Refreshments

To complement the exhibition there will be a number of mini seminars on the theme Test and Measurement: the road to virtualisation Co-sponsored

If you would like to receive this journal electronically, please contact the Marketing & Events Manager: info@e-i-s.org.uk

HONORARY EDITOR

Dr Spencer Jeffs

E-mail: s.p.jeffs@swansea.ac.uk

MANAGING EDITOR

Rochelle Stanley

Tel. +44 (0)7979 270998

E-mail: managingeditor@e-i-s.org.uk

MARKETING & EVENTS MANAGER

Sara Atkin

Engineering Integrity Society

6 Brickyard Lane, Farnsfield, Notts., NG22 8JS

Tel: +44 (0)1623 884225

E-mail: info@e-i-s.org.uk

WWW: www.e-i-s.org.uk

EDITORIAL POLICY

Engineering Integrity contains various items of information of interest to, or directly generated by, the Engineering Integrity Society. The items of information can be approximately subdivided into three general categories: technical papers, topical discussion pieces and news items. The items labelled in the journal as technical papers are peer reviewed by a minimum of two reviewers in the normal manner of academic journals, following a standard protocol. The items of information labelled as topical discussions and the news items have been reviewed by the journal editorial staff and found to conform to the legal and professional standards of the Engineering Integrity Society.

COPYRIGHT

Copyright of the technical papers included in this issue is held by the Engineering Integrity Society unless otherwise stated.

Photographic contributions for the front cover are welcomed.

ISSN 1365-4101/2023

The Engineering Integrity Society (EIS) Incorporated under the Companies Act 1985.

Registered No. 1959979

Registered Office: c/o Hollis & Co., 35 Wilkinson Street, Sheffield S10 2GB

Charity No: 327121

ADVERTISING RATES & DATA

‘Engineering Integrity’ is published twice a year

Black and White

1 insert 2 Inserts

Full Page £280.50 £506 annual

Half Page £174 £313.50 annual

Quarter Page £102 £192.50 annual

Full Colour

1 insert 2 Inserts

Full Page £489.50 £880 annual

Half Page £305.80 £550 annual

Quarter Page £176 £319 annual

Full Page 297mm (depth) x 210mm (width) and 3mm bleed

Half Page 255mm (depth) x 86mm (width) or 125mm (depth) x 180mm (width)

Quarter Page 125mm (depth) x 86mm (width)

Space is limited so place your order soon to avoid disappointment.

A copy of the latest issue of ‘Engineering Integrity’ is published on the website and includes all advertisements.

Loose Inserts £150 per A4 sheet (up to 160 gsm)

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY OF THE ENGINEERING INTEGRITY SOCIETY

The principal activity of the Engineering Integrity Society is the arrangement of conferences, seminars, exhibitions and workshops to advance the education of persons working in the field of engineering. This is achieved by providing a forum for the interchange of ideas and information on engineering practice. The Society is particularly committed to promoting projects which support professional development and attract young people into the profession.

‘Engineering Integrity’, the Journal of the Engineering Integrity Society is published twice a year.

‘Engineering Integrity’ is lodged with the Agency for the Legal Deposit Libraries on behalf of the Bodleian Library Oxford University, the Cambridge University Library, National Library of Scotland, National Library of Wales and Trinity College Dublin.

Dr Spencer Jeffs, Honorary Editor

introduction of mainstream artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, which in certain cases has shown the ability to pass advanced exams, although in others has provided incorrect information. How such technology is deployed and exploited will require careful consideration.

COP27 took place in Sharm El-Sheikh in November 2022, with the climate change conference covering topics including loss and damage, temperature rise, low emissions energy and adaptation. It is vital that follow-up action and implementation take place with minimal delay and hesitation. There are some fantastic projects across industry and academia aligned to these goals. Rolls-Royce and easyJet set an aviation milestone with a ground test run of a modern aero engine on hydrogen, while the University of Edinburgh and its FastBlade facility is bidding to develop the world’s largest tidal turbine blades.

Since the Summer edition there have been several important events and occurrences. In September 2022, Queen Elizabeth II passed away at the age of 96 after serving over 70 years as British monarch. In the Queen’s final duty, she appointed Liz Truss as the new Prime Minister for the UK although it turned out to be the shortest premiership in British history at 45 days, with Rishi Sunak becoming Prime Minister shortly afterwards. A host of national and international challenges and crises remain, such as the cost of living, war in Ukraine and the climate emergency. The recent devastating Turkey-Syria earthquake, which at the time of writing has almost 40,000 confirmed fatalities, has led to a global effort for rescue, aid and support, our thoughts are with all of those affected.

Throughout winter we have seen industrial action taken by thousands of workers in the UK, with the most working days lost over a six-month period in over 30 years. Action is being taken across many sectors including rail workers, teachers, nurses, civil servants and university lecturers to name a few. While each individual strike has its own reasons there are a number of common factors –specifically pay, conditions and security. I, for one, hope that through active negotiations a solution can be found in all cases.

The uncertain economic conditions have led to a host of layoffs across the tech industry, with companies such as Microsoft, Alphabet and Amazon significantly reducing their workforces. Alongside this we are now seeing the

The automotive industry has seen varied headlines, with the UK showing production at its lowest for 66 years, and new car sales at a 30-year low. However, demand for electric vehicles has soared. An EIS seminar titled ‘Net Zero Vehicle Powertrain Engineering Design and Development Technology’, to be delivered in April, will provide an insight into the unique challenges involved.

Two technical pieces appear in this issue, the first is on understanding creep model errors, which could help to provide real industrial benefit, whether in implementing new materials to service as quickly as possible, meaning the likely use of short-term experimental data, or extending the life of existing facilities. The second piece comes from the Peter Watson prize winner, Joanna Symonowicz of Cambridge University, on the development of brain-inspired computing. The 2023 competition is now open for abstract submission.

In other upcoming EIS events, the Instrumentation, Analysis and Testing Exhibition is scheduled for Tuesday 16 May at the Silverstone Race Circuit, which I am sure will be another fantastic day and I look forward to seeing you there. In addition, the Fatigue 2024 conference abstract deadline is coming up soon, and its great that we have already received several excellent abstract submissions.

Finally, a big thank you to Richard Hobson, who has stepped down from his role as Director of the EIS after 20 years. Richard also served as Deputy Chairman since 2013 and we all wish him well as he enjoys his retirement.

Spencer Jeffs

Welcome to the Spring 2023 edition of the Engineering Integrity journal.

Director Changes

After many years supporting the EIS as a Director and Deputy Chairman, Richard Hobson has decided the time is right to step down from his roles and make the most of his retirement. Richard’s support has been invaluable, and his wisdom and insight have been greatly valued by his fellow Directors.

We now welcome our newest Director, Jamie Shenton. Jamie joined JCB as a graduate over ten years ago and quickly decided to focus his career on durability and fatigue. His experience ranges from structural simulation, physical testing, data collection and analysis to process engineering. Jamie has been the technical lead of, and participated in, various grant funded research projects.

A committed member of the EIS Durability and Fatigue Group, Jamie is a keen supporter of our Young Engineers Forum. He is especially enthusiastic about supporting those at the start of their engineering careers and continues to lead structural innovation and education both within JCB and the wider EIS communities. We are excited to welcome Jamie to the team and look forward to working with him over the coming years.

Diary of Events

Peter Watson Prize 2022

We received a fantastic response to our 2022 competition with applications received from universities and businesses across the UK.

This annual prize is named after our founder, Peter Watson, and was created to support young engineers at the start of their career, a cause Peter keenly supported throughout his working life. The judges shortlisted eight entrants to attend the live final, which took place last October at Kilworth House in Leicestershire.

The finalists covered a wide range of topics and, with a number of outstanding presentations, the panel had a difficult task. Following a long deliberation, Joanna Symonowicz from Cambridge University was awarded the 2022 prize for her presentation on the development of brain-inspired computing. This was a fascinating subject and the judges commented on the originality and completeness of her work along with her excellent presentation skills.

Runner-up was Chenying Liu of Oxford University, for her presentation on the kinematics of an origami-inspired millipede robot. We hope to bring you updates on their work in a future issue of this journal.

The judges were impressed with the high standard of presentations that covered activity undertaken by each of our three groups and look forward to the 2023 event. Further information about the 2023 competition can be found on page 46 and the deadline for receipt of abstracts is 31 July 2023.

Find out more about Joanna's work on page 30.

Winner Joanna Symonowicz receives her award from Chairman John Yates.

The Black Country Innovative Manufacturing Organisation

The Black Country Innovative Manufacturing Organisation (BCIMO) was established to oversee the build, launch and operation of the Very Light Rail National Innovation Centre (VLRNIC), a unique, purpose-built, rail research and development facility based in Dudley in the West Midlands.

The VLRNIC is being used to help shape and accelerate the development of lower-cost and more environmentally friendly solutions across the whole of the rail industry. These solutions range from traditional heavy rail right through to emerging Very Light Rail (VLR) tram systems, such as the first-of-itskind Coventry VLR system which is being developed by Coventry City Council and its partners and is being tested at the centre.

VLR systems are designed to be much cheaper and easier to install than conventional ‘light rail’ tram systems which are normally only economically viable for large cities. It is hoped that this new, UK-developed, transport system can be used to strengthen public transport connections in rural and suburban locations as well as being an option for smaller cities and large towns that typically cannot afford to install a tram network.

Construction of the VLRNIC was completed in September 2022, thanks to funding from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), Dudley Metropolitan Borough Council, the Black Country Local Enterprise Partnership in partnership with the Midlands Engine Investment Fund, the West Midlands Combined Authority, the Coventry and Warwickshire Local Enterprise Partnership and Coventry City Council.

The centre already has several major clients on site and is running at about 33% of the site’s total capacity. During 2023 further significant activities will include the launch of the centre’s events suite (complete with 130-seat auditorium, large exhibition hall and accompanying breakout spaces). A VLR simulator is due to be added during Q1, with further laboratories being kitted out throughout the year, based on feedback that BCIMO will obtain from a series of sector-specific workshops. The highlight of the year will be the official opening of the VLRNIC.

For more information on BCIMO and the VLRNIC, please register your details on the BCIMO website at https://bcimo.co.uk/contact/.

The new innovation centre is part of a wider regeneration plan for the Black Country region. The facility boasts a number of unique features, including a 2.2km test track, a 15-metre radius loop that can be used to assess the handling of tight turns, an 870m curved tunnel and a bespoke overhead electric charging system, commissioned to recharge the Coventry VLR vehicle in under 4 minutes and which can be used by future VLR systems. The centre’s main building houses a three-storey engineering hall with direct rail access to the track, as well as research laboratories, offices and event facilities.

News from the Institute of Measurement and Control

The Institute of Measurement and Control (InstMC) is a professional engineering institute and international network of engineers and scientists working within measurement, automation and control.

We aim to promote high standards of professional competence, support our members’ careers, and provide a bridge between academic research and industrial practice. We work in collaboration with related organisations, encouraging students into engineering and science, engaging with the wider public and helping inform government policy.

Founded in 1944, InstMC is recognised by Royal Charter as a learned society and is licensed by the Engineering Council to assess individuals for professional registration at Chartered Engineer (CEng), Incorporated Engineer (IEng) and Engineering Technician (EngTech) levels.

InstMC members can network through our UK and international Local Sections. With 10 regional groups in the UK & Ireland and three based in Hong Kong, Malaysia and Qatar, each Local Section is represented on the InstMC Council. Local Sections are run by a volunteer committee who manage and host an annual programme of technical talks, webinars, exhibitions, industry visits, seminars and social events.

InstMC Special Interest Groups (SIGs) provide opportunities for like-minded engineers to learn, share expertise and keep updated on industry news. InstMC has eight SIGs covering the following technical topics within measurement, control and automation: Cyber Security, Digital Transformation, Explosive Atmospheres, Flow Measurement, Functional Safety, Measurement, National Metrology Skills Alliance and Standards.

Driven by groups of volunteers who work, or have expertise, within each topic area, SIGs promote the sharing and advancement of knowledge through producing white papers and briefing notes, as well as hosting and attending seminars and exhibitions.

In 2022, InstMC established a new Special Interest Group, The National Metrology Skills Alliance, which was founded with work started by The Midlands Centre for Data Driven Metrology (MCDDM), who identified the need for a national and international framework outlining skills and knowledge in metrology.

The group was formed with a primary aim to develop and promote a recognised standard for professional metrologists. Led by Trevor Toman (Coventry University), Charlotte Blake (University of Nottingham), Phil Bamforth (Rolls-Royce) and Steff Smith (Institute of Measurement and Control), the group has collaborated with industry representatives from 13 organisations and have established working groups covering the topics of Core, Flow, Dimensional, Control and Force.

The principal objective for the NMSA SIG is to produce and publish an industry-accepted competency-based framework for metrologists, which includes:

• A standardised framework that defines and provides structure to metrology skills across different levels and disciplines.

• Definitions of the competency requirements for different tasks and disciplines within the framework.

• Clear career development paths for metrologists.

• An international standard that formalises the framework and competency requirements –mirroring the approach already adopted by the NDT community in ISO 9712.

• An assurance/accreditation process to enable an internationally recognised level of competency and professionalism, training providers to demonstrate consistent quality of their products to the standard and organisations to have confidence when they recruit and train staff.

The group has now completed the first draft of the core standard and the alpha stage of testing. Beta testing begins in early 2023 and the SIG will be looking for companies to participate. If you would like to find out more, visit https://www.instmc.org/sigs/national_ metrology_skills_alliance.

Jane Seery Marketing and Communications Manager

Industry News

The year of the UEV. 200,000 sq ft Lunaz UK factory now open and fully operational

Lunaz Applied Technologies (LAT) has announced that its upcycling campus within the Silverstone Technology Cluster, Northamptonshire, is now fully operational following a major expansion.

The facility, the first of its kind in the world, now occupies a total of 200,000 square feet – nearly four times its original size when it opened in 2018. The business has also created 300 new jobs, making LAT comfortably the largest company within the Silverstone Technology Cluster by space and employees.

to make the upcycling process even more efficient and cost effective, enabling further savings for its customers.

In this spirit, LAT has already completely designed its own battery packs, fitted to the UEV the bottom up. This allows its engineers to have full control over the technology and chemistry, enabling an optimum power delivery solution based on each vehicle’s application. Batteries are fully assembled and tested on site at Silverstone allowing LAT’s world-class team to have complete oversight of quality control of these critical components.

In another industry first, LAT has developed a unique electric power take-off (ePTO) to drive the rear bin-lifting apparatus for its upcycled refuse trucks. In a normal vehicle this is powered by the diesel engine: with the ePTO, LAT has overcome the challenge of taking power from an electric vehicle (EV) battery while the vehicle itself is stationary, opening up possibilities for other commercial vehicle applications. Other development projects include new chassis and vehicle models to meet future fleet and operator needs.

STRATEGIC LOCATION

INCREASING UEV PRODUCTION

The expansion means LAT can significantly increase production of its upcycled electric vehicles (UEVs), with capacity to produce 1,100 vehicles per year. Upcycling involves taking conventional diesel-powered refuse trucks alongside other commercial vehicles and converting them to fully electric power when they reach the end of their normal working lives.

UEVs are proven to be cleaner, cheaper and betterequipped than all-new equivalents, saving money for local taxpayers and helping authorities achieve their netzero goals. Research shows upcycling also carries over more than 80% of the originally embedded carbon from the initial vehicle production process when compared to buying new. An independent audit showed that the LAT model preserves the equivalent weight of the Eiffel Tower in carbon every year.

The additional space allows LAT to bring the majority of the upcycling in-house, giving it total quality control at every stage of the production process and enabling seamless integration of its proprietary technologies.

CUTTING-EDGE R&D

LAT has substantially extended the space devoted to innovation within its Silverstone facility. The company is pursuing various avenues of technology development

LAT’s Silverstone campus is part of an automotive and engineering community renowned worldwide as a centre of excellence and expertise. The company works closely with partner facilities such as the nearby Millbrook Proving Ground, to conduct its R&D to the same standards as original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). In keeping with its wider environmental mission, the LAT facility is powered entirely by renewable energy.

www.lunaz.tech

STC member HV Wooding collaborates with Nuclear AMRC to target £1m electrification boost

Development of a new powder coating process for parts destined for electric vehicles is set to deliver a £1m boost for Silverstone Technology Cluster member HV Wooding.

The Kent-based business, which specialises in providing precision engineered metal components for the automotive and aerospace sectors, is working with materials and engineering researchers from the Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (Nuclear AMRC) and the University of Sheffield to improve the quality of the busbars that it produces.

Supported by Innovate UK through the Faraday Battery Challenge, the project focuses on investigating and developing alternative coating methods that will improve the performance and integrity of the critical components. These carry high-current power between

different parts of an electrical system.

“Current coating methods are difficult to control, with up to a high level of components rejected because of poor quality insulation,” explained Paul Allen, Sales Director at HV Wooding, which works with a number of businesses across the STC region working on EV programmes.

www.silverstonetechnologycluster.com

Royal visit marks bid to develop world's largest tidal turbine blades

A project aiming to maximise tidal energy generation has been launched in the presence of Her Royal Highness, The Princess Royal, at the University of Edinburgh’s FastBlade facility.

The Princess Royal, who is also Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh, visited on Tuesday 17 January to meet colleagues from the testing facility and partners of the new MAXBlade project.

The €10 million project – funded by the European Union and UK Research and Innovation – aims to deliver a range of innovations to improve the performance of tidal turbines and reduce costs.

It will investigate the full lifecycle of tidal turbine blades, from materials, manufacture and operation, to decommissioning and recyclability. The project’s long-term aim is to ensure the European composite sector becomes the international leader in tidal blade manufacture.

The project plans to increase the area harnessed by Scottish tidal technology company Orbital Marine Power to generate power – known as the rotor swept area – by 70 percent, to more than 1,000 square metres.

MAXBlade will increase the length of the turbine blades from 10 to 13 metres – making them the longest of their kind in the world. The team says that boosting blade length will have the single greatest impact on reducing the cost of tidal energy.

development phase, followed by an 18-month build, during which blades will undergo advanced structural testing at FastBlade.

The technology will then undergo two years of realworld testing at the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) in Orkney. Two of Orbital Marine Power’s O2 floating platforms – the world’s most powerful tidal turbines – will each be fitted with four of the newly developed blades.

The team aims to generate 120,000 hours of performance data that will be assessed by EMEC and project partner TECNALIA, a research and technological development centre.

www.ed.ac.uk

www.fastblade.eng.ed.ac.uk

www.orbitalmarine.com

www.emec.org.uk

www.technipfmc.com

University of Bristol-led consortium to receive nearly £12 million to unlock 6G technology potential

The University of Bristol and partners have been granted nearly £12 million from the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, to develop and industrialise technologies and solutions for future 6G mobile networks.

The project, Realising Enabling Architectures and Solutions for Open Networks (REASON) brings together an ecosystem representing the entire telecommunication R&D supply chain, including three major mobile network equipment vendors, Ericsson, Samsung and Nokia.

REASON will develop a roadmap for open 6G networks, which will set the framework for new developments across the entire technology stack. The project will provide novel solutions to effectively integrate multitechnology access networks and to advance their performance in line with the emerging 6G KPIs.

www.bristol.ac.uk

Turntide recognised by Queen's Award for Enterprise for its innovative hyperdrive battery technology

Orkney’s manufacturing businesses will be the first in he team behind Turntide Technologies’ Hyperdrive battery systems have won a Queen’s Award for Enterprise for its innovative technology that is helping to decarbonise industry and transportation.

Modelling by the University of Edinburgh’s Institute of Energy Systems estimates £40bn could be generated for the UK economy by harnessing wave and tidal energy.

The project will involve a two-year design and

The award was presented to Turntide by His Majesty’s Lord-Lieutenant of Tyne and Wear, Lucy Winskell OBE, in a special ceremony at the company’s Sunderland facility, which was also attended by the Mayor of Sunderland, Cllr Alison Smith.

The Queen’s Awards scheme was instituted by Royal Warrant in 1965 and the first awards were made in 1966.

Turntide’s Hyperdrive battery technology is a key component of the Turntide Electrification solution to help commercial vehicle Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) shift from internal combustion engines to electric vehicles. This transition is necessary to decarbonise industry and transportation in compliance with international climate accords.

Developed by Hyperdrive Innovation, which was acquired by Turntide in 2021 as part of a £100m investment to form its transport business unit, the battery technology is powering electric vehicles across commercial and industrial sectors. Clients include Hitachi Rail, JCB and Snorkel. Alongside the batteries, Turntide Electrification components also include inverters, motors, pumps, and thermal components, which are currently in use in a broad range of vehicle types, including off-highway construction and agricultural vehicles, trucks, buses, two- and three-wheel passenger and last-mile delivery vehicles, marine and rail.

www.turntide.com

HVS awarded share of £6.6m government funding to develop the world’s first selfdriving hydrogen HGV

Hydrogen Vehicle Systems (HVS), a UK-based hydrogenpowered commercial vehicle innovator, today reveals that the consortium it leads, Hub2Hub, has been awarded £6.6 million to develop and deliver a revolutionary, world-first, autonomous zero-emission HGV for the UK market.

Accelerating towards the next generation of transportation and logistics, the Hub2Hub consortium will create a self-driving heavy goods tractor unit, which will begin vehicles trials in 2024, with major UK retailer, ASDA, supporting on end user needs as strategic partners. It’s hoped that the cost savings an autonomous lorry could provide will speed up the adoption of zeroemissions vehicles by the freight sector, reducing the industry’s contribution to climate change.

HVS, which laid out its plans to disrupt the haulage industry by revealing its game-changing hydrogenelectric powertrain technology demonstrator in November 2022, will receive £3.4 million as one of seven grants being announced today from the CCAV and Connected and Automated Mobility (CAM) programme.

The consortium, made up of world leaders in their fields HVS, Fusion Processing Ltd and ASDA, will build two prototype vehicles that will allow Level 4 autonomousdriving.

www.hvs.com

AMRC tests sustainable method for rapid materials discovery

A software company is using molecular modelling to speed-up the process of developing new advanced materials as part of a new project in collaboration with the University of Sheffield Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (AMRC) and NEXAM Chemical.

Molydyn, a small Bristol-based software company, wants to simulate commercially relevant polymers using the company’s Atlas web simulation platform showcasing the benefits of computational chemistry for materials science.

Molecular modelling allows researchers to test novel materials quickly in a virtual environment, screening out candidates that don’t qualify for further study. This saves laboratories time and money by reducing their testing burden, and is a more sustainable method of research as it produces zero physical waste.

Technical lead for composites at the AMRC, Dr Gary Foster, said the AMRC is always searching for novel materials for demanding applications and that the Atlas platform created by Molydyn will help to accelerate the development of new material formulations.

www.amrc.co.uk

www.molydyn.com

RAL Space achieves UK's only ECSS-Q-ST-2007C certification

RAL Space has been awarded the quality and safety assurance certification for space test centres from the European Space Agency (ESA).

A team of technical, quality assurance and safety experts from ESA have completed an extensive assessment of the RAL Space test facilities against the internationally recognised ECSS-Q-ST-20-07C criteria. The review looked at the organisation's quality management system and vibration, pyroshock and clean room capabilities.

The £12 million venture has been selected by the Centre for Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CCAV) as a recipient for its joint industry and government-funded project with the aim of showcasing the potential of autonomy in the transportation sector with unprecedented levels of efficiency, safety and operational cost savings for logistics operators, as well as providing new employment opportunities.

Richard Stamper, Head of Assurance and Business Operations at RAL Space said:

“This certification acknowledges the hard work put in behind the scenes by the quality assurance and environmental test teams to deliver the best possible service for our customers. I am very pleased that the

auditors recognised this work, and we are positioned to align our service with the requirements of ESA projects."

www.ralspace.stfc.ac.uk

Siemens finds future talent at engineering hackathon

Siemens has unearthed a pipeline of future talent through a 48-hour engineering hackathon. The Sir William Siemens Challenge has been designed to identify the emerging engineering talent from across the UK and give young people a taste of what it is to work for a leading technology company.

Held at the University of Birmingham, the competition brought together more than 70 students from 27 UK universities studying engineering, mechatronics, robotics or digital courses including computer science, cybersecurity, Artificial Intelligence, telecommunications or a related degree.

Ampd Energy partners with Select to reduce emissions in central London

Ampd Energy, an Earthshot Prize finalist that has pioneered the use of battery energy storage systems in urban construction, that their flagship product has been launched in the UK, deployed to London’s Olympia Redevelopment.

In partnership with Laing O’Rourke, principal contractor for the Olympia Redevelopment, and subsidiary Select, the "Enertainer” has powered three cranes at the construction project in the six weeks since it’s deployment in December.

With over 130 of the smart batteries live across building sites in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Australia, the Enertainer is a plug and play device designed for the electrification of construction. Providing clean, quiet and fully automated energy delivery, it enables construction to transition away from fossil fuels. Thirty times quieter than a diesel generator, the Enertainer is designed for the tough, dynamic and space-constrained needs of construction sites.

In the six weeks since the Enertainer has been operational the advanced energy storage system has introduced significant financial and environmental advantages; over the life of the project, an Enertainer will be more cost effective than using diesel generators, as well as saving space and manpower time.

Multi-disciplined teams of seven were challenged to build and programme a unique mechanical/electrical device which brought to life data from Mindsphere, Siemens’ industrial cloud-based operating system.

The teams were given access to a huge assortment of kit packed full of essential materials and components, giving them the flexibility to build almost any tabletop device they could dream up.

Such was the talent on show, Siemens offered 30 participants access to internship or graduate opportunities with Siemens’ Digital Industries, Smart Infrastructure and Mobility businesses.

The winners, Team Simocast, made up of Subhaan Hussain, Axel Gonzalez, George Edwards, Alexandru Spinu, Dumitru Mavris and Ayman Hussain, created a robotic flower with petals and an LED array that open and closed and changed colour in response to the temperature and levels of carbon monoxide and oxygen in the room.

Commenting on behalf of the judges, Colin Morris, Siemens Mobility’s Lead Development Engineering Manager, said: “The judges were blown away by the standard of the competition and the range of innovation on display throughout the weekend." www.siemens.co.uk/earlycareers

According to the IEA, the combined building and construction sector is responsible for 30% of total global final energy consumption and 27% of total emissions in the overall energy sector. Compared to fossil fuel generators, the Enertainer reduces carbon footprints by up to 90%, is significantly quieter, emits zero air pollutants, and eliminates diesel handling and usage risks.

With very few moving parts, the Enertainer has minimal maintenance and zero refuelling downtime. By replacing diesel with electricity from the grid network, the Enertainer can also realise significant cost savings as well as operational benefits for construction sites in the UK and around the world.

Additionally, as an IoT-enabled device, the Enertainer can be remotely monitored anytime and anywhere, providing a deep level of data-transparency for data-driven decision-making. The Enertainer is the first energy storage system in the UK able to power such large construction equipment, which will be crucial as the construction sector looks to reduce its environmental impact.

This partnership with Select has entailed the deployment of the Enertainer in central London, and is available now across the rest of the UK.

www.ampd.energy www.selectplanthire.com

Technical Paper:

Understanding Creep Model Errors And Their Potential To Influence The Accuracy Of Extrapolated Creep Data

Veronica Gray

School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, AUSTRALIA. veronica.gray@qut.edu.au

Abstract

Newer materials have creep datasets with shorter rupture times and fewer points, meaning extrapolating creep properties beyond the measured datasets is becoming more and more common. Extrapolation requires the use of a creep model whose accuracy is determined by the ability to predict the time to rupture only. The “goodness of fit” values used in the field do not necessarily provide enough information to determine if the creep model is the most appropriate to use when extrapolating. Therefore, this article conducts a case study for the material Inconel 740H, the recent ASME code case 2702. It looks at the accuracy of traditional and region splitting creep models with respect to stress, temperature, and length of rupture time to create a better understanding of accuracy when extrapolating.

Keywords: Activation Energy, Creep, Arrhenius, Region Splitting

Introduction

Inconel 740H (IN740H), the recent ASME code case 2702 [1], has been identified as a candidate material for Concentrated Solar Thermal Power (CSP) receivers [2]. CSP is an emerging renewable power generation technology that uses mirrors (heliostats) to direct sunlight at a receiver (piping) containing a heat transfer fluid that then drives a turbine. A CSP receiver therefore experiences creep conditions for ~8h a day and is expected to have a service life of 10,000 cycles/days [3], meaning a creep life of ~9 years or ~79,000h. When we look at the creep data for IN740H we immediately see that the longest test duration is <60,000h [4] meaning this data will need to be extrapolated using a creep model.

Creep is modelled using empirical equations based on datasets that are obtained over years and even decades. The prohibitive cost and time required of conducting

multiple tests for a single material means creep data is therefore often limited. Compared to older creep datasets, the newer and emerging creep datasets span similar ranges of stresses and temperatures but have shorter test durations and fewer data points overall. This can be seen when we compare IN 740H to two more established power piping materials, namely, 2.25Cr-1Mo steel or Grade 22 steel (Gr 22) [5-7] and Stainless Steel Grade 316 (SS316) [8–9]. In Table 1 we see that the datasets for Gr 22 and SS316 are ~6 and ~3 times larger than that of IN740H. Indeed, for a CSP receiver with a service life of 79,000h, only Gr 22 has data beyond this rupture time.

Even before extrapolating, creep modelling requires users to define underlying relationships that can easily result in behaviour which is not physically observed/possible when extrapolated i.e. turn backs, finite life at zero stress, etc. This choice of relationships results in many creep models that produce a range of results of varying accuracies when applied to the same material [10]. To combat this, some relationships are constrained for models like Larson–Miller (LMP) [12–13], whilst others like Wilshire et al. (WE) [14] have developed models that have inbuilt physical behaviour such as tr=0 at σ=σUTS and tr=∞ at σ=0 MPa. Although these measures ensure extrapolations follow basic physical behaviour, their overall accuracy is not well understood.

To improve model accuracy, region splitting is sometimes used. This is when creep data is divided into subsets and individually modelled to represent when the creep mechanism changes. It has been suggested that, by using region splitting, the ability to extrapolate creep data accurately beyond the available dataset should be significantly improved [15]. The primary controversy of region splitting lies in how to split data by mechanism rather than by model failure [16] which has led to the development of a number of techniques including region splitting via the stress exponent, half yield, regression fitting and by activation energy. As region splitting is a fairly modern technique, there is limited understanding in

Table 1: Rupture times for IN740H, 316SS and Gr 22 creep datasets.

how region splitting may influence the behaviour of the models especially when extrapolated.

The accuracy of a creep model is currently often measured by a single “goodness of fit” value based on the time to rupture. Efforts to create more accurate model fits often focus solely on reducing this number without regard for the physical behaviour of the system i.e. where that error comes from. This is particularly problematic when extrapolating creep data as obtaining a “good fit” for the available dataset may introduce bias into the model that becomes more amplified with greater extrapolation. In order to gain a basic understanding of model bias, for IN740H we examine existing LMP and WE model fits, a new LMP fit, and region splitting by stress exponent, half yield, and by activation energy. Each of the models will be examined for their accuracy to predict time to rupture with regard to stress, temperature and length of rupture time. From this examination we discuss factors that should be considered when choosing a creep model for situations where extrapolation is required.

2. Analysis Data

2.1.

Data

The data used in this analysis is for IN740H from “Boiler Materials for Ultra-Supercritical Coal Power Plants”, Final Technical Report, DOE Award Number: DE-FG2601NT41175, 2015 [4].

2.2. Models

Single-Region Larson–Miller (LMP): The Power Law [17–19] relates the Monkman parameter, M , to the time to rupture t r, then to the minimum creep rate, . This is then related to the stress, σ, stress exponent, n, and the Arrhenius activation energy:

Single-Region Wilshire–Evans Equations (WE): Wilshire and Sharning [14] developed a creep equation that uses a normalised stress where the test stress is divided by either the yield stress or UTS giving a relative value between 0-1. When combined into the Power Law: where Qc* (kJ/mol) is the apparent activation energy. In the traditional power law methods, materials at the same stresses are compared, whereas under this method materials at the same normalised stress are compared. The strength of this method is that it incorporates batchto-batch variations in materials by using the normalised stress. Developing this into an equation, Wilshire et al. incorporated the known physical behaviour of creep such that σ=σUTS, tr=0, and, for σ=0, tr=∞:

The Larson–Miller (LMP) creep model was developed [20] from the Power Law such that:

where k u and u are fitted constants.

Region Splitting Methods: For the LMP model, region splitting will be done using two methods:

•The first method is via the stress exponent ‘n’. Log(σ) vs log(tr) is mapped for each temperature and a region split is defined to have occurred when there is a variation in the linear gradient of the curves. In some cases ‘n’ can be interpreted to infer creep mechanism [18].

• The second method is to split the data using the half yield method. The data is split at half the temperature dependent yield strength of the material. This method assumes that the creep mechanism changes at the elastic limit but provides no direct value that can indicate what the creep mechanism is [21].

For the WE model, region splitting is done via the apparent activation energy Qc*. Mapping vs , changes in linearly fitted gradient indicate a change in mechanism. Fitted values of Qc* can be used to directly infer the creep mechanism [22].

2.3. Error

Error values are calculated such that:

where PLM is equivalent to Qc and is determined by mapping log(tr) vs. 1/T at constant stress. CLM is a constant. For the analysis conducted here, PLM shall be restricted to the form:

Error values >0 means the model underpredicts the rupture time and is therefore conservative. Error values <0 means the model overpredicts the rupture time and could result in unexpected premature failure of components.

where A1–4 are non-zero constants. This solution comes from British Standard BSI PD 3525 (1990) and has been widely implemented throughout the field of creep modelling.

R2 is the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient for datapoints x and y. In this work it is used as measure of error when fitting creep model parameters:

3.1. Larson–Miller (LMP) Models

For IN740H, ASME [1, 4] and Render et al. [23] have published LMP models. When examining the original dataset, there are four data points at 650 °C which are outliers. These outliers have rupture elongations of ~20-30%, which is significantly larger than the rupture elongations of 2–6% seen in the other tests at 650 °C. On closer inspection, these data points are for material P2 which is noted not to conform to code case conditions. Examining the higher temperature tests, P2 produces similar elongations and rupture times to other materials. In this work, the four outlier data points at 650 °C have been removed and the LMP refitted using the same procedure as the ASME and Render models with results designated ‘Gray’. The fitting parameters of each LMP model are shown in Table 2.

From Table 2 we see that the three LMP models have similar PLMP R2 values and therefore similar accuracies when looking at their ability to predict time to rupture, tr, only. Looking into the source of the error in the models, Figure 1 shows the error in predicting tr with respect to stress, temperature and length of rupture time.

In Figure 1, looking at the Render LMP model the median error values show the model likely to overpredict across all stresses, significantly overpredict at the highest temperature, and be fairly stable/accurate over increasing rupture times. In terms of spread of error, the best fits for stress are seen for 100–400 MPa. Either side of 775 °C the spread of error (inter-quartile ranges) increase. For rupture times > 100 h the interquartile range remains fairly consistent and accurate.

For the ASME LMP model the median error underpredicts for stresses <400MPa then overpredicts at higher stresses. For temperature it underpredicts from 700–825°C, overpredicting at the lowest and highest temperatures showing a similar trend to all the LMP models considered. In terms of rupture time, the ASME LMP model has a linear trend towards increasing underprediction with longer times. Similar to the Render LMP model, the spread of error with respect to stress sees the smallest spread in the mid stress range. For temperature the smallest error is again at the mid-range of 775°C noting the small amount of datapoints at this temperature. The AMSE LMP also sees a reduction in error spread with increasing rupture time.

Figure 1: Single Region LMP error in predicting rupture time with respect to a) stress, b) temperature, and c) length of rupture time.

Table 2: Single Region LMP Constants.

For the Gray model, with the removal of the four outlier datapoints when fitting (model: Gray), it does not show a significant improvement in error with respect to stress. For temperature there are improvements in accuracy at the lowest and highest temperatures. For rupture life, the Gray model trends to a consistent underprediction for rupture lives >100h. There is an improvement in fit for the lowest temperature with decreased error spread and less median error. The overall accuracy of this model is arguably no better than the existing singleregion LMP models, seeing only slight improvements in accuracy in the areas where the four datapoints which were removed lie.

From this analysis, for single-region LMP models:

1. With respect to stress (σ), the single-region LMP models show a trend to overprediction at the lowest and highest stresses.

2. With respect to temperature (T), the single-region LMP models have a significant trend of overprediction, underprediction then overprediction with increasing temperature.

3. With respect to rupture life (tr), the single-region LMP models all trend towards increasing underprediction with longer creep life with the exception of the Gray model, which consistently underpredicts.

In order to understand the impact of region splitting on the accuracy and model bias, we fit the LMP model using region splitting via stress exponent and via half yield. Figure 2 shows the stress exponent for IN740H obtained

by mapping log(tr) vs log (σ). Defining the regions by linear regression fitting, the value of stress exponent (gradient) aligns with the classical interpretation with tests < 251 MPa having a stress exponent linked to diffusion creep, and those > 251 MPa with a stress exponent > 5 experiencing dislocation creep. Therefore, the IN740H data was split into two subsets and the LMP refitted to each subset of data with fitted constants shown in Table 3.

For the half yield region splitting method, it is thought that below half yield the deformation is primarily from creep, whereas above half yield the deformation arises from both creep and plasticity [21]. The yield strength used in this analysis was obtained from Barbadillo et al. [24] for some of the samples listed in ASME [4] where the average yield was found at 0.71 σUTS (0.63–0.81). Half yield was thus taken be 0.355 σUTS for the average temperature dependent σUTS. The LMP constants for the regions are shown in Table 4.

Looking at the PLMP R2 values in Table 3 and 4, there are measurable reductions in model error for the two higher stress regions but an increase in error for the lower stress regions. Looking into the sources of this error, Figure 3 shows the error in predicting tr with respect to stress, temperature and length of rupture time for both region splitting techniques compared to the single-region LMP Gray for reference (also depicted in Figure 1).

From Figure 3 we can see how region splitting affects creep model error. In terms of stress, both region split models performed worse in the lower stress regions as expected from the PLMP R2 values in Table 3 and 4.

Figure 2: Stress exponent of IN740H.

Table 3: LMP Constants for Stress Exponent Region Splitting.

For the LMP model region split by stress exponent (n), the model performs slightly better than the singleregion LMP models for the higher stress region with more accurate mean error and narrower spread in error. Overall, the mean error is similar in magnitude to the single-region ASME model with the contrast that the ASME model generally overpredicts whereas the model region split by stress exponent underpredicts. In terms of temperature, the region split model performs better at lower temperatures with increasing variation in error at higher temperatures. In terms of rupture life, the region splitting by stress exponent sees greater accuracy at short lives and trending towards overprediction with longer rupture life contrary to the single-region LMP models in Figure 1c.

For the LMP model split by half yield, in terms of stress, mean error is generally better but error spread is worse. In terms of temperature, this region split model follows similar behaviour to the other region split LMP model with increasing variations in error with increasing temperature. In terms of rupture life, region splitting via half yield improves the mean error for the bulk of the data with a trend towards underprediction at the shortest and overprediction at the longest rupture lives. For region split LMP models:

1. With respect to stress, region split LMP models show less accuracy at lower stresses and more accuracy at higher stresses when compared to single-region LMP models.

2. With respect to temperature, the region split LMP models have better mean error overall but have increased errors and underprediction for 825°C.

3. With respect to rupture time, the region split LMP models are slightly more accurate with increased rupture time compared to single-region LMP models. Also the region split LMP models trend towards overprediction whereas the single-region model trend towards underprediction with increasing rupture time.

3.2. Wilshire (WE) Models

For the Wilshire model, Render et al. [23] fitted a singleregion model which was unaffected by the removal of the four outlier points mentioned previously. As such the single-region WE constants used are listed in Table 5.

For the region split WE, the data was split according to Qc* via linear regression. The splits and resultant fitted

Table 4: LMP Constants for Half Yield Region Splitting.

Figure 3: Region Split LMP error in predicting rupture time with respect to a) stress, b) temperature, and c) length of rupture time.

constants are shown in Figure 4. This resulted in three regions being identified with Qc* R2 significantly lower than seen in all other models (Table 6). Figure 5 shows the error of the WE and region split WE with respect to stress, temperature and length of rupture time.

For the single-region WE model, Figure 5 shows different behaviour compared to the LMP models. In terms of stress, the single-region WE model shows consistent mean error that trends to neither over or under

prediction. The largest errors are seen for the highest stress tests with overall error comparable in magnitude to the single-region LMP models. With respect to temperature the Wilshire models are inherently different to the LMP models as they evaluate the activation energy for a normalised stress which is temperature dependent. The single-region WE overall has better mean error except for at 825°C and a larger spread of error than the single-region LMP. When considering rupture time, the single-region WE performs consistently well across all rupture lives with no distinct trend to overprediction or underprediction.

Table 5: Single-Region WE Constants.

Figure 4: Multi-Region Fitting for WE Model.

Table 6: WE Constants for Apparent Activation Energy Region Splitting.

Figure 5: Single Region and Region Split WE error in predicting rupture time with respect to a) stress, b) temperature, and c) length of rupture time.

For the region split WE model, in terms of stress the model produces a lower mean error but with a larger spread than the single-region LMP models. The region split WE also trends from slight overprediction to slight underprediction with increasing stress. Both WE equations perform poorly at the highest stress tests with significant underprediction. The region split WE produces the least error with respect to temperature of all models. Like all models examined, it overpredicts at the highest temperatures. In terms of rupture life the region split WE is the most accurate and has no obvious bias towards over or under prediction with longer rupture times, unlike all the LMP models.

For the WE models:

1. With respect to stress, the WE models do not have an obvious trend towards over or underprediction. They perform poorly at the highest stresses. The region split WE model has the most accurate mean error of all models but not the smallest spread in error.

2. With respect to temperature, the WE models perform similar to the single-region LMP models.

3. With respect to rupture life, the region split WE has the least mean error and spread in error. Both WE models produce consistent errors for all rupture lives with no discernible trend towards over or underprediction unlike LMP models.

4. Post Assessment Tests and Extrapolation

If we examine the European Creep Collaborative Committee Post Assessment Tests (PATs) [25], which determine if a model fit is acceptable, for creep rupture there are three criteria. The criteria are the physical realism of the isothermal data lines, the effectiveness of the model prediction in the given data range, and the repeatability and stability of extrapolations. Modelling techniques used in this paper were chosen to attempt to satisfy the first criteria. For the second criteria, we examine Figure 6 which shows the scatter plots of the predicted and actual time to rupture values. From the scatter plots it can be seen there are only small differences between results, with the LMP models having slightly smaller scatter than the Wilshire plots. These plots are commonly used but provide limited information compared to the above analysis.

For the last criteria of the PAT we need to examine the 100kh rupture strength predictions. Table 5 shows the 100kh creep rupture strengths predicted by each model for the minimum temperature with ≥10% of datapoints (Tmin,10%), the temperature with the most datapoints (Tmain) and the maximum with ≥10% of datapoints (Tmax,10%).

Figure 6: Scatter Plots for Time to Rupture for a) LMP models, b) Region Split LMP models and c) Wilshire models.

Table 7: Prediction of 100kh Creep Rupture Strength.

From Table 5, the ASME and Half Yield models experienced turnbacks, never reaching a prediction for 100kh. At Tmin,10% there is a range of strengths with a variation of 29 MPa. For Tmax,10% the range of strengths was 14–27MPa, where available. For Tmain the range of strengths varies by 37MPa from 124–161 MPa. Unfortunately, the true accuracy of the models and whether they comply with the ECCC PATs cannot be fully determined as there are no datapoints at 100kh. Therefore, this raises the question of which model is most likely to produce the most accurate prediction.

From the analysis conducted here we are better able to choose which model is more likely to give a more accurate answer. From Figures 3b, 4b and 5b, with respect to temperature the values for 650°C and 750°C will likely be more accurate than the predicted values for 850°C. From Figures 3c, 4c and 5c, with respect to long rupture lives, it is expected the Render LMP models will overpredict rupture strength whilst the Stress Exponent LMP will likely underpredict rupture strength. The Region Split WE model is the most likely to be the most accurate, but a slight underprediction of the rupture strength is also expected.

5. Discussion

In this article we employ region splitting without examining if the region splits align with changes in creep mechanism or whether the region splits arise from model failure. Looking closer at IN740H, it has ~0.16, ~0.13 and ~17.2% wt. of MC, M23C6 carbides and γ’ precipitates respectively [25]. Looking at the microstructural investigations of IN740H after creep testing, we see at 800°C, 160MPa, 2700h and 850°C, 100MPa, 3000h there is significant growth of the γ’ precipitates. At 750°C, 265MPa, 3147h we do not see this same growth with the γ’ precipitates half the size of those found in the previous creep tests [26]. This change in behaviour occurs at σN <0.2 where for σN <0.2 Qc* = 301 kJ/mol drops to Qc* = 278 kJ/mol for 0.2 < σN < 0.4. This is consistent with what was observed for Grade 22, 23 and 24 P91 steel by Whittaker [22] where the lowest region had a higher activation energy than the midrange region. From further investigations [22] this was linked to the dominant behaviour in the lower region being microstructural evolution, then in the mid-range diffusion becomes the dominant mechanism. Looking at IN740H we see the same behaviour as the lower activation energy for 0.2 < σN < 0.4 is consistent with that for Ni bulk diffusion or diffusion based creep [27] noting it is also consistent with the observed microstructure at 750°C, 265MPa, 3147h.

One of the other models to note is the region splitting by half yield. For the half yield method, half yield is meant to represent the elastic limit and occurs at 0.355σUTS or σN = 0.36 for IN740H. For the WE region splitting method which is not constrained we get a regression fit with a break at σN >0.4 with an activation energy consistent with dislocation creep of Qc* = 322 kJ/mol [28]. This splitting into subsets at σN =0.4 is common for the model that has the least temperature and possibly stress-dependent error (half yield), and the model with the most accurate long rupture life prediction (WE region split).

6. Conclusion

Modern creep datasets often have fewer datapoints for shorter times, meaning extrapolation is critical. In this article we examine a range of creep models and their error profiles with respect to stress, temperature and rupture time. The single-region LMP models performed well. Region splitting the LMP models by stress exponent or half yield did not show significant improvement. The WE model performed to a similar level of accuracy with slightly different error profiles. When predicting 100kh rupture stresses for a dataset without 100kh results, the analysis of the model error profiles allowed for critical evaluation of which strengths were more likely to be accurate. Understanding the model errors in more detail with respect to stress, temperature and rupture time could provide users with insight when extrapolating beyond existing data.

References

[1] ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section I Code Case 2702, 2017.

[2] Materials for Advanced Ultra-supercritical (A-USC) Steam Turbines – A-USC Component Demonstration, Pre-FEED Final Technical Report, DOE Award Number DE-FE0026294, 2016.

[3] Solar Energies technology Office, Office of Efficiency & Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, https://www.energy.gov/eere/solar/receiver-rdcsp-systems , Accessed July 2022.

[4] Boiler Materials for Ultra-Supercritical Coal Power Plants, Final Technical Report, DOE Award Number: DE-FG26-01NT41175, 2015.

[5] NIMS Creep Datasheet 3B.

[6] NIMS Creep Datasheet 11B.

[7] NIMS Creep Datasheet 36B.

[8] NIMS Creep Datasheet 14B.

[9] NIMS Creep Datasheet 15B.

[10] Z. Abdullah, V. Gray, M.T. Whittaker, K. M. Perkins, “A Critical Analysis of the Conventionally Employed Creep Lifing Models”, Materials 7(5):3371-3398, 2014.

[11] R. Swindeman, M. Swindeman, B. Roberts, B. Thurgood, and D. Marriott: DOE/ID14712-1, United States (OSTI.gov), November 2007.

[12] S. Holmstrom, “Engineering Tools for Robust Creep Modelling”, Dissertation, VTT Publications 728, 2010.

[13] M. Kassner, M.T. Perez-Prado, “Five Power Law Creep”, FundamentalsofCreepinMetalsandAlloys , 2004.

[14] B. Wilshire, P.J. Scharning, “A new methodology for analysis of creep and creep fracture data for 9%–12% chromium steels”. InternationalMaterials Review53:91-104, 2008.

[15] V. Foldyna, Z. Kubon, A. Jakobova and V. Vodarek, “Development of Advanced High Chromium Ferritic Steels”, Microstructural Development and Stability in High Chromium Ferritic Power Plant Steels”, TheInstituteofMaterials , pp. 73-92, 1997.

[16] V. Gray, M.T. Whittaker, “The changing constants of creep: A letter on region splitting in creep lifing”, MaterialsScienceandEngineeringA , 632, 2015.

[17] F.C. Monkman, N. J. Grant. “An empirical relationship between rupture life and minimum creep rate”. Deformation and Fracture at Elevated Temperatures.Boston: MIT Press; 1965.

[18] F. H. Norton. TheCreepofSteelsatHighTemperatures. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1929.

[19] S. A. Arrhenius.“Über die Dissociationswärme und den Einfluß der Temperatur auf denDissociationsgrad der Elektrolyte” . Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie.4. 1889.

[20] F. R. Larson, J. Miller, “A time-temperature relationship for rupture and creep stresses”. Transactions ASM 74:765-775, 1954.

[21] K. Kimura, “Creep Rupture Strength Evaluation with Region Splitting by Half Yield”, Proceedings of theASME2013PressureVessels&PipingDivision Conference , 2013.

[22] M.T. Whittaker, W. J. Harrison. “Evolution of the Wilshire equations for creep life prediction”. Materials at High Temperatures 31(3):233-238, 2014.

[23] M. Render, M.L. Santella, X. Chen, P.F. Tortorelli, V. Cedro III, “Long-Term Creep-Rupture Behavior of Alloy Inconel 740/740H”. Metallurgical and MaterialsTransactionsA , April 2021.

[24] J. de Barbadillo, A. Di Gianfrancesco. “Materials for Ultra-Supercritical and Advanced UltraSupercritical Power Plants: INCONEL alloy 740H”, 1st ed., Woodhead Publishing, pp. 469–510, 2017.

[25] S. Holdsworth. "The European Creep Collaborative Committee (ECCC) Approach to Creep Data Assessment." ASME. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology , 130(2) 2008.

[26] S. Zhao, F. Lin, R. Fu, C. Chi, X. Xie, “Microstructure Evolution and Precitpiates Stability in Inconel Alloy 740H during Creep”, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants , ASM International pp.265, 2014.

[27] M. F. Ashby, “A first report on deformationmechanism maps”, ActaMetallurgica20(7), 1972.

[28] M. T. Whittaker, W. J. Harrison. C. Deen, C, Rae, S. Williams, “Creep Deformation by Dislocation Movement in Waspaloy”, Materials10(1): 61 2017.

FOREWORD

The Fatigue 2024 conference will bring the international fatigue and durability community together to share knowledge and understand the challenges in using sophisticated engineering simulation, characterisation and modelling tools to complement sound test programmes and develop reliable and cost effective products for modern usage.

As engineering modelling and simulation tools become ever more powerful and sophisticated there still remains the challenge of correlating the virtual world with both idealised laboratory testing and the wide, and potentially unexpected, range of service conditions experienced by machines and structures. These challenges are compounded by the advent of new materials, new ways

of manufacturing components, new applications and new test, measurement and characterisation techniques.

We will seek to explore not only the latest developments in engineering modelling and simulation, new test, measurement and characterisation techniques, innovations in manufacturing and developments in materials science, but also the complex interrelations between all these topics that give rise to improvements in fatigue performance, durability and structural integrity.

The 3 day conference builds on the longestablished philosophy of the Engineering Integrity Society to provide a forum for practising engineers and researchers to exchange ideas and experiences in all aspects of structural integrity. Contributions will be welcomed from all disciplines; from academia, industry and research organisations. As well as giving practitioners an opportunity to keep up-todate in the latest developments in durability of materials and structural analysis techniques, the conference will provide an excellent forum for researchers to promote their work and enhance its transfer to, and impact on, industrial applications.

VENUE

The conference will take place at Jesus College, Cambridge, UK. Set in 24 acres of gardens in the heart of Cambridge, it provides a beautiful setting for events in a purpose-built conference centre. Established in 1496 on the site of the 12th Century Benedictine nunnery of St Mary and St Radegund it is protected from the noise and bustle of the town. The College has many notable buildings dating as far back as the 12th Century and the spectacular Hall with its vaulted ceilings provides a unique dining venue for our conference dinner.

CALL FOR PAPERS

We are interested in high quality papers in all aspects of the fatigue and durability of engineering materials,

www.fatigue2024.com

machines and structures.

In particular:

• Innovations in experimental techniques for fatigue characterisation

• Developments in modelling fatigue including:

∼ multi-scale and multi-physics

∼ neural networks and machine learning

∼ stochastic methods

• Durability of advanced materials

• Integrity of recycled and reprocessed materials

• Joining technologies: bolts, welds, adhesives, joining dissimilar materials, correlation of testing and in-service durability

• Surface engineering and durability

• Innovations in digital imaging

• Fatigue in adverse environments, such as high temperatures, corrosion and/or embrittling species

Authors of suitable papers will be invited to submit extended manuscripts to selected peer reviewed international journals. More details will be available on our website.

The abstract should contain:

• Title of the paper

• Authors (full address of the company, email, personal titles of the corresponding author and co-authors)

• Statement of contents and main points

The abstract should clearly emphasise the main scientific, technical, economic or practical aspects of the paper.

KEY DEADLINES

Submission of abstract - 30 April 2023

Acceptance of abstract - from May 2023

Full papers received by - 30 September 2023

PROCEEDINGS AND EXHIBITION

All accepted papers will be included in the conference proceedings. The proceedings containing the full texts will be distributed to delegates at the conference.

An exhibition of material testing equipment and other fatigue related services is planned. Interested companies should contact the Conference Secretariat.

PETER WATSON PRIZE

The Peter Watson Prize will be awarded to the best presentation given by a young engineer. Entrants should meet at least one of the following criteria:

• A person working in industry below the age of 28 on submission (potential entrants please provide date of birth with abstract)

• A post-doctoral worker with a maximum of 3 years’ experience since completing a PhD/EngD

• Any currently registered undergraduate or postgraduate student

SUBMISSION OF PAPERS

You are kindly requested to submit an abstract (one A4 page maximum, only in pdf format, size smaller than 1MB) to the Conference Secretariat.

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE

Alan Hellier (Australia)

Alberto Campagnolo (Italy)

Alfredo Navarro (Spain)

Ali Fatemi (USA)

André Galtier (France)

Andrea Carpinteri (Italy)

Andrea Spagnoli (Italy)

Barbara Rossi (UK)

Chris Hyde (UK)

Christophe Pinna (UK)

David Nowell (UK)

Ken Wackermann (Germany)

Fabien Lefebvre (France)

Filippo Berto (Norway)

Francesco Iacoviello (Italy)

Francisco A Diaz (Spain)

Frank Walther (Germany)

Harry Bhadeshia (UK)

Hellmuth Klingelhoeffer (Germany)

Hossein Farrahi (Iran)

James Marrow (UK)

James Newman (USA)

Jan Papuga (Czech Republic)

Johan Moverare (Sweden)

Liviu Marsavina – (Romania)

Luca Susmel (UK)

Marc Geers (The Netherlands)

Mark Whittaker (UK)

Martin Bache (UK)

Matteo Benedetti (Italy)

Matteo Luca Facchinetti (France)

Mike Fitzpatrick (UK)

Miloslav Kepka (Czech Republic)

Muhsin J Jweeg (Iraq)

Neil James (UK)

Pablo Lopez-Crespo (Spain)

Paul Bowen (UK)

Phil Withers (UK)

Philippa Reed (UK)

Reinhard Pippan (Austria)

Rob Ritchie (USA)

Robert Akid (UK)

Sabrina Vantadori (Italy)

Shahrum Abdullah (Malaysia)

Svjetlana Stekovic (Sweden)

Takashi Nakamura (Japan)

Thierry Palin-Luc (France)

Veronique Doquet (France)

Wim de Waele (Belgium)

Yee Han Tai (UK)

Yoshihiko Uematsu (Japan)

Youshi Hong (China)

Yukitaka Murakami (Japan)

LOCAL TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

Dr Amir Chahardehi

Andrew Blows

Assoc Prof Chris Hyde

Dr Emilio Martínez-Pañeda

Dr Fabien Lefebvre

Dr Farnoosh Farhad

Prof Filippo Berto

Prof Francisco A Diaz

Dr Hassan Ghadbeigi

Dr Hayder Ahmad

Dr Hollie Cockings

Dr John Yates

Prof Mark Whittaker

Dr Mohamed Bennebach

Dr Pablo Lopez-Crespo

Paul Roberts

Dr Peter Bailey

Robert Cawte

Dr Spencer Jeffs

Assoc Prof Svjetlana Stekovic

Yi Gao

CONFERENCE CONVENOR Dr John Yates

DEPUTY CONVENOR Dr Hollie Cockings

CONFERENCE SECRETARIAT

Sara Atkin

Engineering Integrity Society

6 Brickyard Lane, Farnsfield

Nottinghamshire, NG22 8JS, UK

Tel. +44 (0)1623 884225

Email: info@e-i-s.org.uk

Website: www.fatigue2024.com

Inspiring the Next Generation

Just Like That Another Year Has Gone

It seems like just a few weeks ago I was providing an update on STEM outreach and since the Summer there has been a hive of activity in RollsRoyce focussed on new recruitment and early careers.

In September I led a whole-school STEM event in a local primary school with a team of ambassadors from around the company. For the younger children chemical reactions were demonstrated by making and then eating their own sherbet. For the pupils in Key Stage 1 and 2, the task was to build and test their own balloon-powered rocket car.

The feedback from the event was excellent and a particular comment from one of the teachers demonstrates the importance of such days on pupil’s development potential. She said “it was amazing to see that my pre-conceptions of who would do well were totally wrong and in fact that the lesser academically capable students seemed to thrive.”

My final career event was hosted at Birmingham University for undergraduate students; resulting in a discussion with a PhD researcher who is organising the National Rocketry Competition. The competition was looking for mentors to support the teams with technically assessing the rockets and capability of the teams to deliver to the guidelines. With my background in model rocketry and current interest of 3D printing, I have offered my support to the competition.

Early in December I hosted an evening lecture on my career path followed by a technical seminar on how to exploit and use 3D printing as part of the project and the likely difficulties the teams may face.

The competition runs from November until June, after which the winners will be crowned in July. The challenge is being developed by the UK Students for the Development and Exploration of Space (UKSEDS) and is open to all undergraduate-level university students with an interest in rocketry.

Launches will be held throughout 2023 with teams submitting reports and photographic and telemetry data of the launches. My support will continue throughout 2023 for the competition and I am trying to act in an advisory capacity in future to adapt the rules to change the project dynamic and focus.

The end of the session was a Q&A with Year 6 pupils about careers in engineering, which involved some insightful, if not difficult-to-answer, questions, like “what do you like least about your job?”

Throughout October and November I supported career events hosted at Rolls-Royce targeted at prospective apprentices and on a separate evening girls in engineering. The events were a showcase of the diverse range of career options available to students. The women in engineering event was a particular success with a number of students following up enquiries for work experience in Materials Engineering.

As ever if anyone is interested in knowing more about how they can get involved in STEM, please do not hesitate to contact me or your local STEMnet contract holder.

Grant Gibson EngD BEng (Hons) Materials Technologist, Surface Engineering Rolls-Royce plc grant.gibson@rolls-royce.com 07469375700

Technical Article:

Development of Brain-Inspired Computing

Joanna Symonowicz1,2 and Giuliana Di Martino2,*

1Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

2Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Corresponding author: gd392@cam.ac.uk*, jks68@cam.ac.uk

A memristor is a basic component of a brain-inspired computer. It is an electrical device capable of performing both memory and logic (ON/OFF) operations, which in standard computers are separated into logic and memory units.[1] This separation consumes up to 80% of power[2] and produces heat which requires cooling systems,[3] and thus prevents further miniaturization of computers.[1] In total, 5–15% of the world’s energy is spent on data manipulation with predicted >20% by 2030.[1,3] Therefore, memristor-based computing would significantly reduce the world’s electricity usage. Moreover, it accelerates machine learning algorithms.[1]

A typical memristor is a two-terminal device consisting of an insulator sandwiched between two electrodes.[4] Its mechanism reflects the one of a synapse in a human brain. A conductive filament (logic ON state) is formed in an insulator upon the application of voltage (V) of one polarity and can then be ruptured by another (OFF),[4] see Figure 1a. This means that the logical ‘ON’ or ‘OFF’ state is not lost when voltage is no longer supplied and that a memristor is in fact a memory and a transistor combined in one device, just like a synapse but much smaller and easier to fabricate.

Although memristors have achieved performances competitive with mainstream memories, their high cellto-cell variability prevents their commercialization.[5] This in turn is caused by the lack of understanding of switching nano-kinetics due to insufficient methods for the characterization of operating devices.[5] Memristors are primarily studied by electron microscopy which is destructive, invasive, and under very different conditions.[6] Moreover, this technique requires high vacuum which leads to switching dynamics other than in a desired air environment.[7] Finally, although nano-sized vertical cells are of commercial importance, predominantly only micro-sized or lateral devices are characterized and switching processes are different for the two size ranges and geometries.[5] As a result, memristors are primarily studied either in unsuitable conditions or using inadequate cell geometries.[5]

To answer the need for an adequate characterization of memristors, the technique for non-invasive optical tracking of a nanoscale memristive cell was developed, as presented in Figure 1.[8,9] The method replaces the memristor’s micro-sized top electrode with a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) which can be electrically biased.

Figure 1: a) Schematics of the technique used to optically track memristive cells. Plasmonic resonance between electrodes greatly enhances optical response from a nanosized switching channel. This allows connecting detected changes in optical signals with morphological nano-alterations induced by an applied voltage. b) A semi-transparent cantilever delivers an electrical contact with a AuNP top electrode of a memristive cell.

Joanna Symonowicz was the winner of the Peter Watson Prize, held in October 2022.

An electrical contact is achieved with an optically semitransparent electrically conductive cantilever which is placed directly on a AuNP (Figure 1b). Biasing only one nanoparticle at the time is ensured by drop-casting an appropriate density of AuNPs and by coating a memristive material with electrically insulating PMMA leaving only AuNP’s top uncovered. Accordingly, an electrode area of ~700 nm2 is achieved, one of the smallest memristive devices reported so far.[5,10] An application of each voltage step is followed by a current reading. For example, the device presented in Figure 1b signifies an abrupt threshold switching, indicating sudden shorting of an insulator at higher voltages due to metallic intercalation from electrodes.

Besides an easy fabrication of nanosized memristive cells, the main advantage of the method is its capability to optically track morphological changes in a fewnanometers-wide switching channel. Such changes are undetectable with traditional spectroscopic methods because in the optical signal collected with a standard laser spot size of 2 µm a faint response from a switching area of only 30 nm is overshadowed by a background. A much higher resolution is achieved through plasmonics, thus by utilizing electrons resonating in nanosized metal structures to produce light. Placing AuNP in the proximity of a plasmonic mirror generates a plasmonic gap mode (see Figure 1a).[11,12] The resonance enhances optical signals coming only from a memristive material directly under the nanoparticle, thus where morphological changes associated with electrical switching occur.[11,12] The enhancement can reach 1012.[11,12] This allows for the spectroscopical analysis of a nano-sized switching channel which is precise, straightforward, non-invasive, in-operando, and under ambient conditions.

Optical signals scattered by a material reveal its fundamental properties such as phase, defects, thickness, and conductance. The method employs three spectroscopic methods: photoluminescence (PL), Raman scattering, and dark field scattering. PL provides information about the material’s energy gap and defect states. For example, switching due to defect migration can be verified by observing an upsurge of an optical PL peak associated with a specific type of a defect (atom vacancies, interstitials etc.). Raman scattering reflects material’s phonon structure, which further confirms the data about material’s defects and phase. Having two independent methods to verify fundamental properties of a tested switching channel ensures high reliability of the method. Additionally, the gap resonance is collected using a dark field scattering technique.[9] Mode’s wavelength and magnitude depend on the gap’s refractive index, geometry and conductivity.[12] The optical signatures observed experimentally can be linked with various morphology regimes using finitedifference time-domain (FDTD) simulation.[13] Therefore, combing the three spectroscopic methods helps us to distinguish whether switching is triggered by metallic intercalation from electrodes, by defect migration, or by a phase change etc.

The method proved to be successful. So far, it was used to characterize memristive switching in devices based on SiO2,[8] SrTiO3,[9] and MoS2 nanosheets.[14] A change of an optical spectra was consistently observed only upon electrical switching, which can be correlated with ON and

OFF cycles inside a memristive material in a plasmonic hotspot. Investigations of SiO2-based cells indicated that the filament nucleation position can differ from cycle to cycle.[8] The analysis of SrTiO3-based memristors showed that their failure is due to a formation of an O2 reservoir at the SrTiO3/TiO2 interface.[9] Finally, it was demonstrated that the intercalation of metal atoms from electrodes drives electrical switching of MoS2-based cells.[14]

In summary, a non-invasive method for an in-operando investigation of nano-kinetics in memristive cells has been developed. It is the first to operate in ambient conditions for vertical nano-cells.[10] All the measurements are performed in air and in room temperature, which is the desired environment for commercial electronics. The method can be facilitated for the testing of further memristive materials to provide clear guidance for the development of memristors with low cell-to-cell variability, which could be commercialized, opening routes to future sustainable electronics.

References

[1] I. K. Schuller, R. Stevens, R. Pino, M. Pechan, Neuromorphic Computing – From Materials Research to Systems Architecture Roundtable , USDOE Office Of Science (SC) (United States), 2015.

[2] D. A. B. Miller, ProceedingsoftheIEEE2009, 97, 1166.

[3] N. Jones, Nature 2018, 561, 163.

[4] R. Waser, R. Dittmann, S. Menzel, T. Noll, Faraday Discuss . 2019, 213, 11.

[5] M. Lanza, et al., AdvancedElectronicMaterials 2019, 5, 1800143.

[6] G. D. Martino, S. Tappertzhofen, Nanophotonics2019, 8, 1579.

[7] G. Milano, M. Luebben, M. Laurenti, L. Boarino, C. Ricciardi, I. Valov, AdvancedMaterialsInterfaces2021, 8, 2100915.

[8] G. Di Martino, S. Tappertzhofen, S. Hofmann, J. Baumberg, Small2016, 12, 1334.

[9] G. Di Martino, A. Demetriadou, W. Li, D. Kos, B. Zhu, X. Wang, B. de Nijs, H. Wang, J. MacManus-Driscoll, J. J. Baumberg, NatElectron2020, 3, 687.

[10] F. Hui, M. Lanza, NatElectron2019, 2, 221.

[11] P. K. Aravind, R. W. Rendell, H. Metiu, Chemical PhysicsLetters1982, 85, 396.

[12] P. K. Aravind, A. Nitzan, H. Metiu, Surface Science 1981, 110, 189.

[13] “Ansys Lumerical FDTD | Simulation for Photonic Components,” can be found under https://www.ansys. com/products/photonics/fdtd, n.d.

[14] J. Symonowicz, D. Polyushkin, T. Mueller, G. D. Martino, AdvancedMaterialsn.d., n/a, 2209968.

University of Wolverhampton Racing

Sponsored by the EIS

Concept, Design and Manufacture of UWR’s Formula Student car side-pods

Formula Student is a yearly engineering competition hosted by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers for University students, including those from the University of Wolverhampton and from around the world. We design, build and test single-seater prototype race cars to compete in various challenges held at the Silverstone racing circuit. The competition challenges students to design and prototype various parts including suspension, chassis, drivetrain, driver controls and many others.

My task in the 2023 team was to design and manufacture the University of Wolverhampton Racing’s (UWR) “Wolf VII” side-pods.

Going into the concept stage of the side-pods, the goal was simple. Develop side-pods that improved upon the teams previous cooling package and create a system that didn’t stagnate the flow of fluid through the radiators when comparing to similar systems. 2022’s design was a single radiator, custom-made by HS Marston, which was mounted to the side of the car. This setup was very effective, however it was a very heavy system and the large radiator coupled with large fan attached to the radiator stagnated flow through the system when turned off. These issues, alongside the desire for better packaging within the system, led my concept.

The HS Marston radiator was replaced with two identical Mocal Heavy Duty Oil Radiators, mounted on either side of the car. Oil radiators were chosen instead of dedicated water radiators due to the inherent thickness of an oil

cooler. This makes for a more efficient use of the second law of thermodynamics, making sure that the heat transfer has longer to take place allowing for more heat energy to dissipate into the surrounding air.

The dual radiators also allowed for a much neater packaging solution when fitted against the chassis. These radiators were chosen using heat rejection calculations into the car’s coolant. These numbers were based on the car’s previous dynamometer figures and the average RPM value from the previous year’s car. This was then compared to the amount of heat energy required to be expelled into the surrounding air from the radiator, and the maximum amount of heat energy able to be expelled into the air from the radiator.

Harry Needle

UWR Formula Student Deputy Team Lead and BEng Mechanical Engineering Student

¾ view of the right-hand side sidepod.

Internal ducting showcasing the fan mounts and supporting brackets to attach the system to the car.

Final shape of side-pod, including the inlet for the radiator, NACA duct for the Active fan cooling system and exhaust for the rear mounted fan.

When completing the heat energy calculations, a figure of 13m/s was used for the air passing through the radiator, as this figure is the average velocity that a Formula Student car will reach on the endurance track at Silverstone. Therefore, all flow simulations were completed with air moving through and around the side-pod at this velocity, including using calculations for a 1.5x increase in airflow when the air hits the radiator inside the internal ducting. This factor increase was chosen through researching similar side-pod designs and cooling solutions and deciding a significant increase in intake size was required to ensure cooling requirements were fulfilled while the design is still in its prototyping stages. Later versions may lead to this becoming more aerodynamic depending on the cooling performance of the system.

The internal ducting of the side-pod is where most of the design time was spent. Due to the smaller front cross section of the radiators, a custom fan setup was required, using two fans attached to the ducting. One fan creates high pressure at the front of the radiator and the second fan creates negative pressure at the rear of the radiator, creating a vacuum effect that pulls air through the radiator. This design also allows for efficient passive cooling when the fans are not in operation, as airflow through the side-pod would not be blocked by the smaller-sized radiators.

The coupling of using the smaller radiators, simple sidepod construction and the doubling of passive and active cooling leaves my hopes high for an effective cooling solution for the 2023 season.

Discover The PressurEvolution

Introducing the EvoS cann® P16-D. The most advanced miniature true-differential 16 channel digital pressure scanner available.

Ÿ 0.1% Full Scale Accuracy

Ÿ Data output directly in engineering units

Ÿ Lightweight - <45g (including 1m cable)

Ÿ Small - dimensions: 50 x 32.4 x 10mm

Ÿ True-differential measurement , shared static reference

Ÿ Lightweight carbon fibre external construction

Ÿ Integral microprocessor

Ÿ CAN-FD output

Get your competitive advantage now. Book a demonstration or request a quotation.

Call: +44 (0) 1264 316470

enquiries@evolutionmeasurement .com

com

External CFD analysis on the sidepod concentrating on the air flowing around the front section of the sidepod.

CFD validation of the 1.5x increase of air velocity when at the radiator.

EvoScann® P16-D

Instrumentation, Analysis and Testing Exhibition 2023

16 May 2023, Silverstone Race Circuit

Once again, the annual Instrumentation, Analysis and Testing Exhibition will take place this May in the Silverstone Wing at Silverstone Race Circuit. The exhibition attracts visitors from across the UK and is seen by many as the go-to event for testing and analysis technologies.

With 70 tables of exhibitors from sectors including Automotive, Aerospace, Motorsport, Rail, Off-Highway, Mechanical Handling, Civil Engineering, Industrial and Power Generation the exhibition is an excellent opportunity to see the latest equipment and technologies as well as being a great meeting point for the exchange of ideas and contacts.

Attendance is free and visitors receive complimentary refreshments along with free parking. To complement the exhibition there will be a series of mini seminars under the theme “Test and Measurement: the road to virtualisation”. The series of presentations throughout the day will cover a wide range of topics from well-respected engineers across several different sectors.

Further details of the presentations will be announced in the coming weeks and closer to the event the exhibitor guide will be published with full details of products and services offered by the exhibiting companies.

The Instrumentation, Analysis and Testing Exhibition opens at 10am on 16 May. More information and free registration is available at www.e-i-s.org.uk.

exhibitors

A&D Europe GmbH, UK Branch

Acoustic Camera UK Ltd

AcSoft Ltd

Applied Measurements Ltd

Axiometrix Solutions

Cambustion

CATS3

Concorde Publishing

Data Acquisition & Testing

Services Ltd

Data Physics (UK) Ltd

Datron Technology

Delta Motion Ltd

Dewesoft UK Ltd

DWE Scientific Ltd

Emissions Analytics Ltd

Endurica

Evolution Measurement Ltd

HBK

HEAD acoustics UK Ltd

IDT (UK) Ltd

Indysoft Europe Ltd

INNOVATEST UK Ltd

Institute of Measurement and Control

Interface Force Measurements

Ipetronik GmbH & Co.KG

Kemo Ltd

Kistler Instruments Ltd

Lake Image Systems Ltd

M&P International

Magnaflux

McLaren Applied Metalitest Ltd

Micro-Epsilon

Moog

Müller BBM & VIBES Technology

Olsen Actuators

Optomet GmbH

PCB Piezotronics

Peli Products (UK) Ltd

Photron Europe Ltd

Plastometrex

Polytec Ltd

Prosig Ltd

RDP Electronics Ltd

Reliability Maintenance Solutions Ltd

Relyence UK Ltd

Rohde & Schwarz UK Ltd

rose plastic UK Ltd

Servotest Testing Systems Ltd

Siemens

Spectral Dynamics (UK) Ltd

Star Hydraulics Ltd

Strainsense Ltd

Stress-Space Ltd

Techni Measure Ltd

Thermal Vision Research

Torquemeters Ltd

VBOX Automotive

Vector GB Ltd

Vishay Measurements Group UK Ltd

Vision Research, Inc

Yokogawa UK Ltd

ZEISS

ZwickRoell

The following

will be exhibiting at this year’s exhibition:

Morris Commercial returns with all-electric Morris JE van

The Morris JE features a state-of-the-art, all-electric powertrain and a lightweight modular skateboard chassis developed for electric LCVs where battery packs form part of the chassis. Its ultra-lightweight fully recycled carbon fibre monocoque body provides optimal body strength, integrity and sustainability. In addition, the 2.5-ton segment low carbon vehicle boasts a 1-ton (1000 kg) payload, a 6.5 m³ carrying capacity and 200–250 miles driving range.

The iconic 1950's British Morris J-type van has made an exciting return to the UK’s roads. The all-electric, retrostyled vehicle has been reimagined for the 21st century and heralds a sustainable future for the historic British brand. Fully designed and engineered in Britain, where it will also be produced, the striking delivery van is unique, highly stylish and sure to turn heads.

The van will be brought to market by Morris Commercial Ltd, an automotive engineering and manufacturing start up with the objective of creating desirable carbon-neutral transport. The company aims to revive the historic British Morris brand with innovative technology, zero-emission, newly designed vehicles that have the timeless, iconic Morris styling cues and beautiful British craftmanship. The van will be launched first, with pickup and minibus models to follow later.

The Morris JE will be on display at this year’s Instrumentation, Analysis and Testing Exhibition outside the entrance to the Silverstone Wing.

New miniature pressure scanner launches with zero offsetting capability

Evolution Measurement are excited to present Scanivalve’s brand-new product: the MPS4232 –Miniature Pressure Scanner.

The MPS4232 miniature pressure scanner represents the forefront of pressure measurement technology. It has been designed from the ground up with size, accuracy, speed and functionality in mind. This new scanner boasts 32 discrete pressure channels, a small footprint, TCP/IP Ethernet connectivity, an A/D per channel, synchronous scanning and a wealth of other innovative features.

The MPS4232 electronics are designed around a highperformance dual-core processor which can produce engineering unit data for 32 pressure channels synchronously at rates in excess of 1000Hz (samples per channel per second). Onboard flash memory stores the pressure-temperature matrix that allows for the conversion of RAW 24-bit A/D counts to precise engineering unit data over a wide operating temperature (0-70°C).

The goal of the MPS4232 was the provide a highchannel, accurate, all-in-one data acquisition system in the smallest footprint possible. Using the legacy ZOC22b as a starting point, the MPS4232 includes many additional features that make it superior to the legacy ZOC style scanners, including built-in electronics with a dual-core processor, one 24-bit A/D per transducer, Ethernet connectivity and removeable input headers.

The MPS4232 is easy to use and will quickly integrate into your system. There is an integrated web server allowing the user to configure and operate the unit(s) from any device on the network.

Paul Crowhurst, Managing Director at Evolution Measurement said, “The MPS 4232 is an exciting development in Scanivalve’s miniature pressure scanner range. It offers greater accuracy, synchronous measurement reading from each sensor and features the dynamic zero capability, which effectively zero offsets every measurement.

This pressure scanner is ideal for wind tunnel testing environments and flight-testing applications.”

For more details on the MPS 4232, full details are available at www.evolutionmeasurement.com or call +44 (0)1264 316470.

Test and measurement expert, Hottinger Brüel & Kjær launches new V8800 + XPA-K air-cooled medium-force shaker system

To help automotive companies and test houses cope with increasing demand for high vibration and shock testing, while keeping expenses low, Hottinger Brüel & Kjær (HBK) has created its new medium-force, air-cooled LDS V8800 shaker system which provides a comprehensive and reliable solution, with everything that is needed for accurate and high-performance vibration tests, along with an efficiency that goes far beyond saving time.

The LDS V8800 series shaker system was developed for a variety of R&D, testing and production scenarios, such as component and subsystem durability tests, general load testing, or product qualification and packaging testing within the automotive, aerospace and defence, transport and packaging industries. It is suitable for high-acceleration shock tests and has an internal load support capability of 700 kg.

The system features a maintenance-free Inductive Centring System (ICS), leading to increased reliability due to being unaffected by unfavourable environmental conditions such as dust or heat.

The COOL and QUIET modes, which automatically adjust system settings to reduce the energy consumption required for a test, or, if possible, operate the shaker without a fan, save costs and reduce the noise associated with standard tests. Remote service capabilities ensure low inspection risks, maximum availability, and a long-term return on investment of the V8800 + XPA-K shaker system.

Further information is available on HBK’s website: https://www.bksv.com/en/instruments/vibrationtesting-equipment/lds-shakers/medium-force-shakers/ lds-v8800.

VBOX launch new software

VBOX Automotive has launched the all-new VBOX 3i ADAS, designed exclusively to make ADAS testing easier. The latest addition to the stable of VBOX test and validation solutions, VBOX 3i ADAS features a new 100 Hz GNSS multi-constellation and dual frequency engine. This delivers outstanding RTK (Real-Time Kinematic)

signal resilience and reacquisition, allowing for RTK accuracy when testing on the track or open road, even in challenging GNSS conditions.

Additionally, accuracy of speed and position measurement are maintained when routes include potential satellite obstructions such as driving through a tunnel, under a bridge, or on roads with heavy tree cover. In these conditions, VBOX 3i ADAS combines wheel speed data from the vehicle’s CAN bus with GNSS and inertial data from a VBOX IMU to prevent drift in the data.

Even the most complex ADAS scenarios can be evaluated with full flexibility to customise the test setup, including multi-target and multi-lane configurations, in accordance with Euro NCAP requirements. The vehicle under test can simultaneously reference any combination of up to three moving targets, two static targets, three road-lines and 99 signposts with the flexibility to switch test setups in minutes.

J, N, R, S, and T). Operating in ambient temperatures of -40 °C up to +125 °C, the device can directly be mounted on the test object. Each channel is freely selectable and measures with the highest precision thanks to a 24-bit sigma–delta converter and a cold-junction compensation per channel. Unwanted interference, e.g. by external thermal influence or ambient temperature fluctuation, is reduced to an absolute minimum.

As with all VBOX products, it comes with free lifetime support and no on-going, costly support contracts. Owners benefit from free access to future updates to firmware and software, a comprehensive online support centre, and technical support from VBOX engineers.

www.vboxautomotive.co.uk/3iadas

New temperature measurement device M-THERMO3 16 with 16 freely selectable channels

With the M-THERMO3 16, IPETRONIK introduces their latest temperature measurement device. As the first module of a new device generation, it sets standards in modular measuring technology. The 16 channels with freely selectable thermocouple types and a highresolution 24-bit ADC offer maximum precision and flexibility. Thanks to its extremely fast boot time – 0.8 seconds from switching-on to measuring – the data can be recorded without waiting. The M-THERMO3 16 is highly compact and rugged. Its new wireless magnetic connection technology saves time during set-up and provides a highly safe data connection.

MEETS EXTREME REQUIREMENTS

The M-THERMO3 16 boots in just 0.8 seconds and supports all common thermocouples (types K, B, C, E,

NEW INTELLIGENT CONTACTING SYSTEM

The new contacting system reduces installation and start-up time. The wireless magnetic module connection and the controllable multicolor LED per channel facilitate setup and configuration. With the wireless device chain, several measurement modules (up to 64!) can easily be connected and integrated into one system. The intelligent CAN bus termination automatically activates the bus terminator.

HIGHLY COMPACT, WIRELESS, AND RUGGED

The design of the M-THERMO3 16 is highly compact. Compared to the previous model, the volume has been reduced by 30 percent and the power consumption by 50 percent. In addition, it only weighs 415 grams. With their decentralized architecture, the modules can be installed in close proximity to the measuring point, reducing thermo cabling and improving data quality as well as measurement precision.

www.ipetronik.com

New high-compact torque vectoring EDU delivers double the power in the smallest package

The new EDU from the engineering partner and system supplier hofer powertrain reaches new levels of compactness and brings installation possibilities that were not possible before. It enables elegant integration, significantly saves space, and offers maximum flexibility in designing new EV drivetrains.

The new High-Compact Torque Vectoring EDU (HC TorVec EDU) consists of two combined EDUs, where each EDU can be controlled separately. Active torque vectoring enables better control of the power the car's e-motors send to each wheel, allowing a more agile response to

the different surfaces and driving conditions. Each wheel can, therefore, precisely accelerate and slow down independently, improving overall vehicle dynamics, handling, and stability by distributing additional torque in only fractions of a second. The improved reaction time and accurate response bring driving safety and feel to an entirely new level. In addition to the torque vectoring functionality, a clever combination of gears allowed the realization of this very compact design and a highpower density.

metallic surfaces which the electricity from the sensor must pass through.

www.bournemouth.ac.uk

Leclanché achieves breakthrough in environmentally friendly production of high-performance lithium-ion batteries

A leading global provider of energy storage solutions, has achieved a breakthrough in the environmentally friendly production of modern G/NMCA cells: As the first manufacturer worldwide, Leclanché is able to reduce the cobalt content in NMCA as a cathode material from 20 to 5 percent and manufacture electrodes using an environmentally friendly water-based process. In doing so, Leclanché completely dispenses with the use of the highly toxic organic solvents (NMP) that are otherwise common in the production process. The new G/NMCA cells from Leclanché have a 20 percent higher energy density – with the same size, weight and performance level. Water binder-based NMCA cathodes are easier to dispose of and are also recyclable.

After introducing the previous High-Performance TorqueVectoring e-axle from hofer powertrain in several highperformance sports cars, the engineers searched for new ways to optimize the successful architecture regarding power density and package. This goal was achieved using a new side-by-side architecture. In the architecture of the new HC TorVec EDU, the two powerful, modular, and scalable motors are arranged axis-parallel to each other and in axial prolongation to the side shafts. Besides the architectural changes, the electric axle's performance has been raised to over 800 kW, consisting of 2 electric motors with more than 400 kW and a torque of 2 x 4500 Nm in the modular system. These performance levels are further extendable if required.

www.hofer.de

New sensor can prevent defects in major structures reaching costly and dangerous levels

Researchers at Bournemouth University have developed and patented a new corrosion sensor that could improve safety and reliability of large structures such as bridges, aircraft, military vehicles and gas pipelines. The device can detect defects and risks in major infrastructure at a much earlier stage than the methods that are currently used. As well as improving safety, it could reduce the need for time-consuming repairs which can come at significant cost and inconvenience to industries and the public.

Whilst other corrosion sensors are used by industry –and some can even be bought on eBay – they all require cables to be plugged in to a computer. This means that maintenance must take place with a worker present at the site. On the other hand, Professor Khan’s device is wireless so it can be attached to a structure and its readings could be continuously monitored off-site. As a further benefit, the sensor can be used on any kind of surface, whereas most current devices only work on

Leclanché is the first company in the world to implement the environmentally friendly process in the production of Li-ion cells: The newly developed G/NMCA cell has a nickel content of around 90 per cent, which increases the energy density and enables the significant reduction of the cobalt content by 15 per cent. At the same time, it offers a longer service life, high cycle stability and good chargeability. Thanks to the high-volume energy density and high cycle stability, the new cells are particularly well-suited for electric cars and heavy-duty applications such as ships, buses and trucks.

www.leclanche.com

Piezoelectric accelerometer with mounting block for precise modal analysis

Correctly measuring acceleration on angled surfaces is one of the major challenges of modal analysis. With the accelerometer type 8775A, Kistler presents a new piezoelectric sensor solution that has been especially designed for angled structures such as airplane wings. Thanks to its cylindrical shape, it is freely orientable while meeting all other key requirements for accelerometers used in aerospace applications such as low weight, high sensitivity and low noise threshold.

During starts and airborne maneuvers, an airplane’s wings and corpus experience acceleration from different angles. Modal analysis simulates the impact that acceleration has on an airplane in ground vibration tests. Choosing the right accelerometers is crucial for achieving precise test results. Working closely with clients, Kistler has recently developed the cylindrical accelerometer 8775A. Used either on its own or mounted into a Delrin mounting block, the accelerometer can be oriented freely in any direction perpendicular to the coaxial connector. It then measures vibration in the direction of the arrow etched onto the surface of the sensor. “The structure of an airplane impacts the direction in which acceleration hits specific parts,”

explains Joshua Kasprzyk, Product Manager Acceleration at Kistler. “When you take a wing, for instance, the curved structure affects the angles in which vibration will be seen. When using standard accelerometers with a square package for modal analysis, they can only be oriented towards angled accelerations to a limited extent. Our new sensor offers an optimal solution for this issue.”

www.kistler.com

Introducing the new Sound Scanner From Seven Bel

The latest addition to AcSoft’s solutions for noise source location and acoustic imaging is the radically different, Sound Scanner from SevenBel. It’s incredibly portable and quick to set up, and operates from a mobile app with a super intuitive workflow. It takes the user from measurement and analysis, to report in less than 3 minutes!

The system consists of a tablet or smartphone that connects wirelessly to the Sound Scanner sensor arm. The arm consists of a number of microphones in an array, and the longer the sensor arm, the lower the frequency the Sound Scanner can detect. Sensor arms are interchangeable – it’s modular by design.

Furthermore, the hundreds of virtual microphones created by the rotating array, results in a measurement surface with dimensions double the sensor length. Not only does that mean low-frequency performance is remarkable for its size and weight, but also that

spatial resolution and dynamic range performance is significantly better than a typical acoustic camera.

It is an “acoustic camera”, but it’s not beamforming! The Sound Scanner employs its patented Coherence Scanning Holography method to calculate the acoustic heatmap, that is then overlaid onto the optical image of the measurement scene. Applications areas are many, including building acoustics, environmental noise, machinery diagnostics, product R & D, automotive and more. Get in touch to find out more about how the Sound Scanner could work for you.

www.acsoft.co.uk

eVTOL innovator launches sustainable passenger aircraft to address challenges of regional air mobility

The ARC LINX P9 is the latest in a successful line-up of eVTOL aircraft from ARC’s team. It’s designed to carry 9 passengers as a cost-effective, low-carbon solution to intercity travel. Using Vertical Take-Off and Landing technology, the LINX P9 has the flexibility of a helicopter, with the performance of a fixed-wing utility aircraft, designed to address the challenging needs of regional air mobility.

The LINX P9 is a full-composite structure aircraft, with two variants of hybrid electric and twin turbo-prop power train both running on SAF/hydrogen in future, a high

wing configuration, and is unpressurized and equipped with a retractable tricycle landing gear. It’s able to perform a jump take-off and no-roll landing without the need of a runway, making it a highly versatile passenger and cargo craft, fit for a wide range of use cases. Sustainability and efficient transport have become key focus points across the globe, as has the ever-growing population. This has resulted in a shift in perspective towards addressing these challenges, including reducing urban traffic, improving safety and reliability and shifting away from fossil fuels. The LINX P9 has been created in direct response to these requirements.

There have been a number of innovators looking to make waves in this field, but ARC have set themselves apart from many of their competitors, having successfully carried out test flights for their cargo models, C-150 and C-600.

www.arcaerosystems.com

Dewetron Oxygen efficiency mapping

When focusing on drivetrain testing, the efficiency analysis of the powertrain components plays a crucial role and is highly important for the overall efficiency analysis of the drivetrain. An efficiency map is a convenient solution to precisely visualize the efficiency of the drivetrain directly in OXYGEN, DEWETRON’s measurement and analysis software from StrainSense. It displays the relation between speed and torque for the X-and Y-axis and the mechanical efficiency as the input channel for the Z-axis. The efficiency is displayed in a color-coded map with several areas for different values. This map gives a good

overview over the whole measurement range and for all load steps for the analysis of the efficiency for any combination of speed and torque compared to single values at different measurement points. Consequently, it can be used to design components in a way to maximize the total efficiency for the regular working areas. Different trigger options are available for different operation modes, like testbed-controlled or manual use.

DEWETRON’s mixed-signal Power Analyzer from StrainSense is the future-proof solution for any power application. Mixed signal inputs are the basis to capture not only voltage and current signals but also all relevant mechanical and environmental parameters to gain a complete picture of your DUT. Time synchronous measurement of mechanical efficiency along with power values is a crucial factor to get significant results.

The Efficiency Map precisely displays the mechanical efficiency in relation to the speed and torque in a colorcoded map, which facilitates the analysis and describes the efficiency over a defined range of operating points of the drivetrain. A fast conclusion can be drawn from the efficiency map since it fills up online during a measurement. Multiple trigger options allow the use of different operation modes, which makes this a perfect feature for multiple application measurements. For further information visit our website https://www.strainsense. co.uk/sensors/power-analyzers/ or contact our sales team to discuss your requirements at sales@strainsense.co.uk.

Contributions to Product News may be emailed to managingeditor@e-i-s.org.uk. The nominal limit for entry is 200 words.

Rob Duncan was the lucky winner of the ‘Headto-Head Driving Experience’ from the prize draw held at the 2022 Instrumentation, Analysis and Testing Exhibition. In November, Rob returned to the Silverstone Circuit and we were keen to find out about his exciting day.

Head-to-Head Driving Experience with Rob Duncan

Again, there was another professional racing driver to guide me. This time I was in the driving seat and after a briefing on the controls, we were off. Gingerly at first, as it was quite daunting to be heading out onto the track! It felt so vast to begin with, yet after a few laps the tarmac seemed to run out very quickly as my confidence and speed increased. After five laps, we headed in and I had a few minutes to calm down before heading out in an Aston Vantage for another five laps.

HOW DID YOU FEEL TO WIN THE PRIZE?

Initially I could not believe it and thought it was too good to be true. I had a useful visit to the Instrumentation, Analysis and Testing Exhibition at Silverstone in terms of engineering interest, but part of that experience was the site itself. I am a motorsport fan and I have been to Silverstone to watch various events including the British Grand Prix and the Silverstone Classic on a couple of occasions. To find out that I was going to be driving around this circuit was on another level.

WHAT HAPPENED ON THE DAY?

Heavy rain on the route up made me wonder if the event would go ahead, but I was reassured on arrival by a well-organised and friendly group who managed to deliver an excellent experience. After a safety briefing it was my turn to drive and I was impressed with the staff, every instructor was a qualified racing driver with plenty of stories and experience to back up their advice. We watched a presentation of how the day would pan out then were taken downstairs to the pit area where we were fitted out with a balaclava and helmet. These are the same pits that the formula one guys use during that crazy weekend of the British Grand Prix. The experience started with two laps as a passenger in a BMW. The driver explained where to position the car on the track for best visibility and racing line and it gave us some familiarity with the track layout. Next for me was the Ferrari F430.

WHICH CAR DID YOU PREFER AND WHY?

I preferred the Ferrari F430. The instructors had told me the gearbox and traction control were old-fashioned compared to the Aston Vantage, but I found it more forgiving and was able to push it harder around the track. I felt more confident. I think perhaps it was the mid-engine weight balance, especially considering the wet conditions. The Aston also had some highlights, and it was certainly tail-happy. Both were supercars to me, I had not driven anything like that before, and I really enjoyed being able to compare the differences between them.

ANY HIGHLIGHTS?

Our family have a tracking app on our phones, I had to laugh when my wife sent me a screen shot showing I had been on a 9-mile journey at speeds in excess of 100mph. I felt calm and concentrated whilst racing around the track but when I got out of the Ferrari and started to talk to the others, I became aware that my hands were shaking. I think the adrenaline rush was a highlight, that feeling that you’ve just done something way out of your comfort zone and survived it. I probably looked a bit of a twit trying to relay the experience to those within earshot. I certainly had a grin that lasted the rest of the day.

NET ZERO VEHICLE POWERTRAIN ENGINEERING DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY

Seminar to be held at Institute of Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems (IAAPS), Bristol & Bath Science Park, UK 27 April 2023

NET ZERO VEHICLE POWERTRAIN ENGINEERING DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY

Provisional Programme

(full abstracts and booking form available at www.e-i-s.org.uk)

The vehicle powertrain engineering design and development process for net zero transportation has unique challenges and has evolved its own distinct technologies. This EIS seminar at IAAPS presents some of these novel technologies for the net zero design and development process, as well as research and case studies for powertrain dynamics and integration. It will provide insight and knowledge in key aspects of net zero vehicle powertrain engineering and the opportunity to engage with experts in the field of net zero vehicle engineering.

Keynote: The Second Age of Electric Vehicles: Are our tools fit for purpose?

David Hudson, ePropelled

Modelling and Experimental Validation of a Novel Hybrid Electric Tractor Architecture

Rob Cherry, IAAPS

Effects of the Electromagnetic Excitation on the Dynamics of an Electric Powertrain

Dr Marcos Ricardo Souza, Loughborough University

Optimising the Structural Isolation of an EDU using Dual Isolation Mounts

Dr Mark Burnett, HORIBA MIRA

Digitalisation Accelerates Transition to EVs – A review of digital twinning for EV battery design and manufacturing

Dr Hadi Moztarzadeh, APC UK

Advanced Analytical Multiphysics Methodology for time-domain NVH Prediction of a high-speed PMSM

Panagiotis Andreou, Loughborough University

Additive Manufacturing for Design Freedom in Electric Machines

Dr Harry Felton, The Electric Machine Works

Accelerated Control and Calibration: Faster Electric Motor Testing

Omer Mir, HBK

Delegates will also have the opportunity to visit the state-of-the-art experimental propulsion research facilities at IAAPS.

News from the Institution of Mechanical Engineers

Net-zero ambitions ‘threatened by lack of engineers in teaching’

The vital transformation of energy, transport and wider infrastructure to achieve net zero is threatened by a lack of engineers in teaching.

The skills gap – including a “chronic shortage” of electrical engineers – seems to be getting worse in many respects, said Dr Rhys Morgan, director of engineering and education at the Royal Academy of Engineering, but getting more engineers into schools could inspire and empower a new generation.

Dr Morgan made the comments at “Why engineers should consider a career in teaching”, an online event hosted by the IMechE, Royal Academy, Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), and the Department for Education (DfE) on 19 January.

“We need more physics teachers,” said Suleiman Faruqi, senior policy advisor at the DfE, as he opened the event. “Without those physics teachers, children are missing out on the opportunity to develop their understanding of the world around them, and we feel that engineers bring a very unique and innovative perspective into the physics classroom, which helps explain big ideas to young people.”

Physics is not the only subject where engineers can impart useful knowledge and experience as teachers, however – and they are needed more than ever given the scale of the skills gap and the urgent challenge of decarbonising society.

“There aren’t enough people teaching subjects that lead on to engineering,” said Dr Morgan. “For as long as we can collectively remember there have been reported shortages in industry of engineers and technicians, and in many respects the situation is getting worse, not better, particularly with things like the government’s net-zero ambitions. Those are underpinned by electrical engineering skills, and we’ve actually had a chronic shortage of electrical engineers and the supply has been going down over the last 20 years. So we’re in a really serious situation, in terms of being able to meet our net-zero ambitions.”

The confidence and experience that comes from working in industry means engineers are much more able to discuss up-to-date topics with pupils, said David Lakin, head of education and safeguarding at the IET –a key attribute when trying to encourage new entrants to the profession. Problem-solving and creativity are additional qualities that make engineers perfectly suited to teaching, said Georgina Smith, a trainee physics teacher at the University of Birmingham on the Engineers Teach Physics programme. “We can look at a question in a slightly different way, and creatively prepare lessons differently to how someone else might approach it."

Volunteering insight

Volunteering can be a good place to start for people who are interested, said Professor Helen James OBE, chair of the education and skills strategy board at the IMechE, letting engineers try their hand at teaching while keeping their day job.

“Have a go, do some volunteering to get a real sense of what actually goes on within a school,” she said. “As a STEM ambassador, for example, through STEM Learning. Engage in volunteering, do some outreach work with schools to get a real insight.”

Other options for interested engineers include the DfE’s Teacher Training Advisory, with teachers such as event speaker Neil Adams offering free one-toone support, and advice on available bursaries and internships. Flexible and part-time teaching might be another possibility for engineers aiming to maintain their salaries, said Professor James, although she added that “quite a bit of work” is needed from the government, schools and the engineering profession to enable mechanisms for that to happen.

‘An investment for the future’

With the ongoing skills gap, frequently higher wages and opportunities to work on exciting projects in industry, encouraging engineers to become teachers might not always be easy, but any movement of engineers into teaching could have a hugely positive impact, the panel said – and the 12 weeks of holiday a year are sure to attract some applicants.

Not all engineers will want to go into teaching, but the “huge variety” available means it will appeal to many, said Dr Morgan. “This is an investment for the future… We only need a small proportion, we’re not saying we need thousands and thousands of our engineering graduates to go off into teaching. Just 1% – which is about 200-odd – of our engineering graduates going into teaching would have a disproportionate effect on the number of teachers in physics, something like a 30% increase in the amount of people going in to teach physics on an annual basis.”

In the long run, engineers going into teaching could provide more engineers to tackle the most pressing global challenges.

Joseph Flaig www.imeche.org

News from British Standards

The start of a new year is always a good time to reflect on the previous year’s activities and to plan and prepare for the year ahead. As has been the case for many years, BSI’s standards committees for engineering design and specification have been particularly busy over the last 12 months. The year ahead looks equally packed too …

TPR/1/7, the national committee responsible for the BS 8887 series of standards on Design for Manufacture, Assembly, Disassembly and End-of-life processing (MADE) – chaired by Professor Brian Griffiths – will be focussing on a number of initiatives in 2023. Remanufacturing – the process by which a previously sold, worn, or non-functional product can be rebuilt, recovered or reused – will be one of the main priorities again this year.

The committee’s recently created national subgroups for sector-specific remanufacturing issues will continue to meet and discuss potential new parts of the BS 8887 series with a focus on how to adapt the UK’s existing national remanufacturing standard BS 8887-220:2010 (Design for manufacture, assembly, disassembly and end-of-life processing (MADE) – The process of remanufacture –Specification) for specific sectors.

In addition, the TPR/1/7 area will continue its work at the international standards level. TPR/1/7 Chair Brian Griffiths also leads the international working group ISO/ TC 10 WG20 which is converting a number of parts of the BS 8887 series into international (ISO) standards. ISO 8887-1 was published in 2017. Part 2 of the series, covering the vocabulary for MADE, is currently at its final voting stage in ISO/TC 10 and set to become ISO 8887-2. The new international standard is expected to publish by the middle of 2023. New work to convert BS 88873 into a new international standard, ISO 8887-3, is also under way but still at the early drafting stages.

Also at the international standards level, the UK will be hosting the first round of international meetings of ISO/ TC 213, the committee responsible for “dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification”. The international committee and all of its working groups will be meeting from Monday 27th February to Friday 10th March at BSI’s west London base in Chiswick.

And finally, back to the national standards work programme. The committee responsible for BS 8888 – TPR/1/8 – will be ramping up its activities in 2023 as it prepares for the next new edition of the national framework standard for product documentation and specification. Work will begin on efforts to enhance BS 8888, the well-used successor to the much-loved engineering drawing standard BS 308.

With all of this ongoing work and activity, the TPR/1 area committees are always looking for new committee members and experts to join its standards drafting groups, national committees, and international working groups. Further general information on taking part in BSI’s standards work can be found at : https://www. bsigroup.com/en-GB/about-bsi/uk-national-standardsbody/how-to-get-involved-with-standards/

If you would like more information on any of TPR/1’s projects or work programme – or if you would like to get involved in any way in the committee’s activities –please contact Sarah Kelly, Lead Standards Development Manager, Committee Manager for TPR/1, at BSI on sarah. kelly@bsigroup.com.

One axis or fifty; position, velocity, force, or position-pressure/force, look to Delta RMC Motion Controllers and graphical RMCTools software to make complex motion easier, smoother, and more precise.

Fast, precise, elegant, servo-hydraulic control. BIG or small, get your next project running more quickly than you thought possible.

PETER WATSON PRIZE 2023

THE COMPETITION

Young engineers are invited to submit an entry for the 2023 EIS Peter Watson Prize which will be held at a special event at Makeney Hall near Derby on 5 October 2023. The prize is named after our founding President, Dr Peter Watson, who passed away in 2015. It was created to support young engineers at the start of their career, a cause Peter keenly supported throughout his working life.

ENTRY

Interested engineers should submit an application form and a one page abstract summarising the presentation they would like to give. The presentation should be relevant to the interests of the EIS and should be based on work that the

PRIZE

A prize of £400 will be presented to the young engineer who has delivered the best presentation as determined by the judges.

A prize of £200 will be presented to the individual who the judges would like to highly commend.

applicant has undertaken themselves. Suitable topics include: durability, fatigue, NVH, sound and vibration, simulation, test and measurement. Applications will be assessed by a panel and the shortlisted candidates will be invited to present at the Final.

Please see our website for full details including terms and conditions and entry form.

THE FINAL

Finalists will be invited to make a ten minute presentation at a special EIS event. Presenters will also have five minutes to take questions from the panel, who will assess the candidates and their presentations for technical content, presentation quality and handling of questions.

ELIGIBILITY

Entrants should meet at least one of the following criteria:

- A person working in industry below the age of 28 on submission

- A post-doctoral worker with a maximum of three years’ experience since completing a PhD/EngD

- Any currently registered undergraduate or postgraduate student

CLOSING DATE: Applications must be received by 31 July 2023 by emailing info@e-i-s.org.uk

News from the Women's Engineering Society

After the sadness and turmoil of a year that saw continued disruption from Covid, a cost-of-living crisis and a nation mourning the loss of Queen Elizabeth II, it’s good to be able to have also had some positive moments.

A highlight of the WES year was our very successful Student Conference in November which saw over 100 students meet up at the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester. Students from all over the country joined together to undertake a range of workshops and activities including networking and presentation skills as well as a team-building session run by the Royal Engineers. November also included the WES Lottie Tour which helped to shine a light on how wide a range of roles our engineers fill, from racing with McLaren to collecting seismic readings with Fugro, or working with GKN Automotive to help develop the latest technology for Electric cars. Lottie was there to inspire young girls to think about a career in engineering.

Another highlight every year is our annual Caroline Haslett Lecture and awards. Our awards are a way of highlighting some of the fantastic work undertaken by women engineers such as the Karen Burt Memorial Award, won by Dr Emma Walton for her work in miniaturising the functions of an entire medical laboratory with her ‘lab-on-a-chip’. We also awarded the Amy Johnson Inspiration Award, which honours an individual who has made a truly remarkable achievement in furthering diversity within engineering. This was won by Natasha Kelly from Intel Corporation, and Stephen Gill won our Men as Allies award. Stephen is the secretariat for World Refrigeration Day, and he is a great ambassador for women in the industry.

The Caroline Haslett lecture was given by Dr Bola Olabisi who founded the Global Women Inventors & Innovators Network. Caroline Haslett was an inventor and pioneer who fought for the introduction of electricity into homes to free women from the drudgery of household labour. She was instrumental in the implementation of the threepin plug which increased the safety of electrical sockets around the home. Caroline Haslett is the inspiration for this year’s Top 50 Women in Engineering (WE50) awards which will focus on safety and security – a theme continued in the 2023 hashtag, #MakeSafetySeen, for International Women in Engineering Day (INWED).

Caroline Haslett was one of the founding members of WES, working alongside the first President Rachel Parsons and she was made a Dame in 1947 for her work for the Board of Trade and the Ministry of Labour. Over 70 years later and we were delighted to hear that another

inspirational engineer had been made a Dame, our President Dawn Childs. Dame Dawn has been President of the Society since 2018.

After being named as one of the Top 50 Most Influential Women Engineers in the UK in 2016 by the Daily Telegraph and WES, Dame Dawn was invited to become a Fellow of the Women’s Engineering Society, and then joined the WES Council in October 2017. She was elected President a year later.

Throughout her presidency Dame Dawn has directed the transformation of WES from a small charity run by its volunteers to an aspirational and ambitious organisation.

Our vision is of an engineering industry that employs the diversity of the society it serves to solve the biggest societal issues of our time which is why we are passionate about supporting and promoting women in engineering. If you are a female engineer, then we are here to support you and getting involved with us is the best way we can influence change in society.

Elizabeth Donnelly Chief Executive Officer www.wes.org.uk

Group News

Durability & Fatigue Group

In several recent issues we have discussed emerging needs in support of emerging technologies, or simply demand for better data feeding more efficient design. This time it seems pertinent to address the fact that there are some widely used “rules” in commercial engineering, which are not always so well underpinned scientifically as other methodologies. Some of these can be as simple as conventions for safety factors for example designing to given safe working loads.

Clearly that is not a sophisticated approach, but of course for many, less-critical components it is a simple and time-efficient one, which will not be going away any time soon. However, I do encounter quite a few discussions, where underpinning data or reports from original decisions have been lost to modern digitised records, prompting teams to re-evaluate with modern tools for new or updated designs; most commonly, the figures do match up with the legacy rules (or at least to a sensible round number!), but not always.

Of greater concern are matters such as joining techniques, a topic on which we held an initial workshop in those halcyon, pre-pandemic days, but did not succeed in delivering full seminars quite as soon as we had hoped! Bolts, rivets, welds, adhesives; essential to our world and all highly complex in terms of both mechanics and materials physics and chemistry.

Taking the first of those, thread designs have seen many efforts at standardisation over nearly two centuries and their use is all-pervasive in every line of engineering, from consumer goods and automotive fixings to airliners and power plants. Yet both innovations and effective use cases, have largely been driven by pragmatism and developed empirically; this in contrast to the much greater academic interest which has been poured into understanding the physics of fatigue phenomena within materials themselves. This spring, we are coordinating the first follow-up seminar on joint durability, focused specifically on bolted joints, aiming to enable our members and guests to share and discuss approaches to safe and effective use of bolted joints.

Finally, I should mention that the EIS, as a whole, is seeking to move back towards a significant proportion of events as in-person. We do recognise that this has implications for accessibility, and we have had some great participation in webinar events over the last two years – so some of those activities will continue to a lesser extent.

However, informal conversations and side-discussions which spin out from presentations, or take place in the coffee-break scenario, are often some of the most valuable outputs for our members. Sadly, even with the most willing participants, these things are as yet proving unachievable in a “virtual” setting.

With such thoughts in mind, planning is already well underway for our major conference, Fatigue 2024, in Cambridge, next year. The organising committee received a good response to the call for abstracts and there is a great programme coming together, so look out for more detailed announcements in the coming months.

Peter Bailey Chairman

Simulation, Test & Measurement Group

I mentioned in my last update that the EIS was keen to understand whether members would prefer to attend future events face to face, online or a mixture of both. With that in mind a survey was produced and widely circulated to our audience. We are grateful to the respondents and the results indicated that the majority of members would prefer to attend a mixture of in-person and online events. There were also some interesting suggestions for future events and these will be discussed at future planning meetings.

The Society’s Directors met recently and agreed that all webinars will continue to be held free of charge. In-person events (except for Young Engineers events) will be charged at the normal rates. Where a seminar is held, we will try to ensure that there is something extra that attendees will gain from visiting in-person. This might include something interesting to see, a practical activity or a unique venue.

We are currently planning a seminar to be held at the National Fluid Power Centre (NFPC) covering some principals such as cleanliness, system requirements and closed loop control. NFPC will offer a hands-on activity to keep everyone entertained and the committee will be meeting in the coming days to discuss plans and hopefully finalise a date for later in the year.

A future event on Battery Testing is also in the early stages of planning, perhaps providing an overview of how batteries are tested, what to use, how to connect, potential risks and control with examples of thermal events when it all goes wrong! I hope amongst the corporate members MIRA, ZwickRoell and ZEISS will be able to contribute to the presentations.

As I write, all 70 tables for the Instrumentation, Analysis and Testing

Exhibition at Silverstone Race Circuit have been booked! The theme for this year’s mini seminars is Measurement & Test: the road to virtualisation and abstracts are currently being reviewed.

It is hoped that the full programme will be released later this month. The exhibition is always well-attended and very well organised by Sara and supported by members of the group who volunteer their valuable time to assist in whatever way they can. As usual I hope to meet you there for another great exhibition and chance to meet old friends and make new ones.

Finally, a mention for the Young Engineers Forum. This group is always active and planning new events and it is great to see and hear from them. The latest offering earlier this month was a webinar from Tryggvi Eidsson of the University of Wolverhampton on “Suspension and Tuning”. This was well-attended and if you missed this or any of our other webinars you can catch up on our YouTube channel.

I hope to see you at future events this year and look forward to meeting some of you at the Silverstone exhibition.

Steve Payne Chairman

Sound & Vibration Product Perception Group

It has been an active few months for the SVPP Group, both with preparation for a seminar in April 2023 and running further webinars during the latter half of 2022.

A two-part webinar was successfully held last November on the subject of non-contact vibration measurement and visualisation. This was wellattended with presentations from Siemens, GOM, and RMS Reliability on their hardware applications. This webinar may be viewed on the EIS YouTube channel https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=kfJ1nV11fIc. Preparation for our Net Zero Vehicle

Corporate Members

Powertrain Engineering Design and Development Technology seminar is well under way. We have a great lineup of technical papers for the event with contributions from IAAPS, Loughborough University, HORIBAMIRA, APC UK, Electric Machine Works, and HBK, with a keynote speech from David Hudson from ePropelled.

The venue for this seminar will be at the Institute of Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems (IAAPS) and the nearby Bristol and Bath Science Park. The seminar will be held on 27th April 2023. This is a great opportunity for anyone involved in the engineering and development of net zero vehicles to participate in a highly informative seminar and a perfect opportunity for networking with experts in the field.

Numbers are limited, so please don't hesitate to book your place by either contacting the EIS via email (info@ei-s.org.uk) or through the EIS website (https://e-i-s.org.uk/net-zero-vehiclepowertrain-engineeringdesignand-development-technology).

Dave Fish Chairman

The following companies are corporate members of the Engineering Integrity Society. We thank them for their continued support which helps the Society to run its wide-ranging events throughout the year.

AcSoft

AMETEK Vision Research

CATS3

CentraTEQ

Correlated Solutions

Dassault Systemes

Data Acquisition and Testing

Services Ltd

Data Physics

Datron Technology

Delta Motion

Dewesoft

Endurica

Frazer-Nash Consultancy

Gantner Instruments

HBK

HEAD acoustics

HORIBA-MIRA

Imetrum

Instron

Interface Force Measurements

iPetronik

Kistler

M&P International

McLaren Applied

Mecmesin

Micro Measurements

Micro-Epsilon

Moog

Nprime

PCB Piezotronics

PDS Hitech

Polytec Prosig

Rutherford Appleton Lab

Sensors UK

Servotest

Siemens

Star Hydraulics

Strainsense

Stress-Space

Systems Services

Techni Measure

THP Systems

Torquemeters

UTAC

Yokogawa

ZEISS

ZwickRoell

Committee Members

President: Professor Roderick A Smith, FREng. ScD

Directors

Peter Bailey, Instron

Robert Cawte, HBK

Dave Fish, JoTech Ltd

Graham Hemmings, Engineering Consultant

Alex O'Neill, Siemens

Nick Richardson, Servotest

Jamie Shenton, JCB

Norman Thornton, Engineering Consultant

John Yates, Engineering Consultant Chairman

John Yates, Engineering Consultant Treasurer

Graham Hemmings, Engineering Consultant Company Secretary

Nick Richardson, Servotest Marketing & Events Manager

Sara Atkin

Communications Sub Committee – ‘Engineering Integrity’ Journal of the EIS Honorary Editor

Spencer Jeffs

Managing Editor

Rochelle Stanley

Sound & Vibration Product Perception Group

Chairman

David Fish, JoTech

Deputy Chairman

Keith Vickers, HBK

Members

Dave Boast, DB Engineering Solutions

David Bryant, Bradford University

Mark Burnett, HORIBA-MIRA

Pierfrancesco Cacciola, University of Brighton

Max Chowanietz, Aston Martin

Martin Cockrill, RLE International

Paul Francis, JCB

James Herbert, HBK

Paul Jennings, Warwick University

Jonathan Joy, UTAC

Amir Khan, Bradford University

Andrew McQueen, Siemens

Alexander Shaw, Swansea University

Tony Shepperson, HEAD acoustics

Jason Truong, UTAC

James Wren, Spectral Dynamics

Ying Yi, University of Southampton

Simulation, Test & Measurement Group

Chairman

Steve Payne, HORIBA-MIRA

Deputy Chairman

Alex O'Neill, Siemens

Members

Jack Allcock, Tata Steel

Carl Barcock, Data Acquisition & Testing Services Ltd

Dan Bailey, Instron

Gian Matteo Bianchi, Jaguar Land Rover

Connor Bligh, JCB

Marc Brown, Vibration Research

Darren Burke, Servotest

Steve Coe, Data Physics (UK)

David Copley, Consultant

David Ensor, Engineering Consultant

Robin Garvie, Airbus

Graham Hemmings, Engineering Consultant

Richard Hobson, Engineering Consultant

Jerry Hughes, Moog

Ben Huxham, Prosig

Shak Jamil, Techni Measure

Chris Johnson, Wacker Neuson UK Ltd

Virrinder Kumar, HBK

Trevor Margereson, Engineering Consultant

Tim Powell, MTS Systems

Anton Raath, CATS3

Gary Rands, Siemens

Nick Richardson, Servotest

Paul Roberts, HBK

Raul Rodriguez, Hyster Yale

Jarek Rosinski, Transmission Dynamics

Norman Thornton, Engineering Consultant

John Wilkinson, Engineering Consultant

Darren Williams, UTAC

Scott Williams, Williams F1

Rob Wood, ZEISS

Jeremy Yarnall, Data Acquisition and Testing Services Ltd

Durability & Fatigue Group

Chairman

Peter Bailey, Instron

Secretary

Jamie Shenton, JCB

Members

Hayder Ahmad, Safran

Martin Bache, Engineering Consultant

Andrew Blows, Jaguar Land Rover

Robert Cawte, HBK

Amir Chahardehi, Kent Energies

Hollie Cockings, Swansea University

Richard Cornish, Birmingham City University

Farnoosh Farhad, Northumbria University

Hassan Ghadbeigi, Sheffield University

Lee Gilbert, Element

Oliver Greenwood, Rolls-Royce

Karl Johnson, ZwickRoell Group

Angelo Maligno, IISE, University of Derby

Andrew Mills, Siemens

Giovanni De Morais, Dassault Systèmes Simulia

Mahmoud Shafiee, University of Kent

Giora Shatil, Darwind

Niall Smyth, Coventry University

John Yates, Engineering Consultant

Committee members can be contacted via the Marketing & Events Manager, Tel: 01623 884225.

Corporate Member Profiles

AcSoft Ltd

Building 115, Bedford Technology Park

Thurleigh, Bedford

MK44 2YA

Tel: +44 (0)1234 639550

Email: prubens@acsoft.co.uk

Website: www.acsoft.co.uk

Contact: Paul Rubens

At AcSoft we offer the best range of sound and vibration monitoring systems from the world’s leading suppliers. Our market leading application advice and technical support makes analysing and solving your noise & vibration problems so much easier. As applications constantly evolve and new solutions emerge, we keep abreast of instrumentation developments as they arise, while keeping a close eye on quality and support.

We design and manufacturer sound level meters, microphones, accelerometers, conditioning amplifiers, calibrators, noise and vibration analysers and software. We run a variety of training courses, from basic introductions on noise to specialised training helping customers get the most from their equipment.

Kistler Instruments Limited

13 Murrell Green Business Park

London Road

Hook Hants

RG27 9GR

Tel: +44 (0)1256 741550

Email: sales.uk@kistler.com

Website: www.kistler.com

Contact: Jim Vaughan, Managing Director

Kistler is a leading manufacturer of sensors for pressure, force, torque and acceleration, as well as the related electronics and software. Technology from Kistler is used to analyse physical processes, and to control and optimise industrial processes.

Kistler is headquartered in Winterthur, Switzerland and has production facilities in Germany, Switzerland and the US and employs over 1200 people in 28 locations worldwide.

Correlated Solutions, Inc.

121 Dutchman Blvd., Irmo SC 29063, USA

Tel: +1-803-926-7272

Email: Sales@CorrelatedSolutions.com

Website: www.correlatedsolutions.com

Official UK Distributor: Enabling Process Technologies, Ltd.

+44(0)117 205 0077 | Sales@EPTworld. com | www.eptworld.com

Correlated Solutions, Inc. develops advanced, non-contact, full-field digital image correlation (DIC) and digital volume correlation (DVC) measurement systems to quickly and accurately measure surface shape, motion, deformation, and strain of a material of any size under almost any loading condition. Our turnkey systems are fast, robust, & flexible, and are available for a wide range of applications including quasi-static, high-speed (up to 300KHz), ultra-high-speed (up to 5MHz), stereo-microscopy, Thermal (integrated IR), realtime, transient vibration (ODS) measurements, and NDT defect detection.

Micro-Epsilon

No 1 Shorelines Building Shore Road, Birkenhead CH41 1AU

Tel: +44 (0)151 3556070

Email: glenn.wedgbrow@microepsilon.co.uk

Website: www.micro-epsilon.co.uk

Contact: Glenn Wedgbrow

Micro-Epsilon develops and manufactures market leading precision sensors to measure displacement, temperature and colour, as well as systems for dimensional measurement and defect detection.

Using both contact and non-contact measurement techniques, Micro-Epsilon boasts one of the largest selections of sensor technologies including 1D/2D/3D laser optical, confocal chromatic, eddy current, capacitive, inductive, draw-wire, timeof-flight technologies, IR temperature sensors, thermal imaging cameras and colour recognition systems.

Micro-Measurements Group Ltd

Stroudley Road

Basingstoke

Hampshire, RG24 8FW

Tel: +44(0)125 646 2131

Email: mm.uk@VPGSensors.com

Website: www.vishaypg.com/micromeasurements/

Contact: MM Customer Service

Micro-Measurements has been dedicated to the development and manufacture of products for high-precision strain and stress measurement since 1962. For purposes of experimental stress analysis – whether preproduction prototype evaluation, field-service testing, failure analysis, or pure research – we offer a full complement of sensors, instrumentation, and installation accessories necessary to obtain accurate, reliable strain and stress data.

Micro-Measurements strain gauges and accessories also fulfil manufacturers’ requirements for a wide variety of transducers for measuring physical variables (weight, force, torque, pressure).

Sensors UK Ltd

135a Hatfield Road

St Albans

Hertfordshire AL1 3AL

Tel: +44 (0)1727 861110

Tel: +44 (0)1727 844272

Email: sales@sensorsuk.com

Website: www.sensorsuk.com

Contact: David White

Established in 1964, Sensors UK Ltd has earned a reputation as a leading distributor and supplier of a broad range of primary sensors, measuring instruments and systems to the manufacturing and process industries.

Moog Industrial Group

Ashchurch Parkway, Tewkesbury

Gloucestershire

GL20 8TU

Tel: +44(0)1684 858000

Email: info.uk@moog.com

Website: www.moog.co.uk

Contact: Kevin Cherrett

Moog is a designer, manufacturer and integrator of high performance, high integrity control systems and equipment (electrohydraulic and electro-mechanical) satisfying a broad range of applications in aerospace, defence and Industrial markets.

Moog is able to offer expertise in varied fields of engineering and has a proven track record in the successful implementation of major multi-disciplinary projects. Moog Test Division provides a broad range of products and services for mechanical test & simulation.

Siemens PLM Software

First Floor, One Central Boulevard, Blythe Valley Business Park, Solihull, West Midlands B90 8BG

Tel: +44 (0)121 745 0300

Email: paul.sodzi@pds-hitech.co.uk

Website: www.sw.siemens.com/en-US/ Contacts: Gary Rands (Test)

gary.rands@siemens.com

Andrew McQueen (Simulation)

andrew.mcqueen@siemens.com

Siemens Digital Industries Software is an innovation and technology leader, driving transformation to enable a digital enterprise where engineering, manufacturing and electronics design meet tomorrow. Our solutions help companies of all sizes create and leverage digital twins that provide organizations with new insights, opportunities and levels of automation to drive innovation.

Experts in Vibration

m+p international supplies high-performance software and instrumentation for vibration control on a shaker, noise and vibration analysis, data acquisition and monitoring.

Our products combine efficiency, accuracy, flexibility and test safety. Above this, we also offer consultancy and support to ensure successful outcomes for all of your applications.

Tackle your unique challenges with m+p international’s engineering excellence.