March 2019 by Paryavaran Dakshata Mandal

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He³ee&JejCe o#elee ceb[Ue®ee Ghe¬eÀce Yeeie 15 ~ cetu³e ª. 50/-

DebkeÀ 10 ~

He=ÿmebK³ee 32 1 cee®e& 2019

RNI. NO. MAHMAR/2004/4361 THC-04/2017-2019 Post : Thane Central Division

`efnjJes efnjJes pebieue YeJeleer, ienve efveUs veYe ceeL³eeJejleer' kegÀmegceeûepeeb®³ee `bpebieue' keÀefJelesceOeerue ³ee DeesUer lebleesleble pegUeJ³eele Demeb®e ns De©Cee®eue ÒeosMeceOeerue heeKegF& GHe&À HeekesÀ J³eeIe´ ÒekeÀuHee®eb pebieue... He#³eeb®³ee 300 Òepeeleer, memleve ÒeeC³eeb®³ee 40 ntve DeefOekeÀ Òepeeleer, HegÀueHeeKejeb®³ee 500 Òepeeleer, mejHeìCeeN³ee ÒeeC³eeb®³ee 36 ÒepeeleeR®eb efveJeememLeeve Demeuesuee De©Cee®eue®ee ne cegkegÀìceCeer ceeveJeer nmle#esHeeHeemetve otj jeefnu³eecegUs®e l³ee®eb pebieueHeCe Meeyetle þsJet MekeÀuee Demesue...

Cool, Blue Sky surrounded by lush green dense Canopy... that's the Forest in Pakke Tiger Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh. It is the house for nearly 300 bird species, more than 40 types of mammals, 500 plus butterflies, 36 types of reptiles and many more... It is possible because of less human intervention.

Deeleerue Heeveele... osJejeF& ieeJee®eb meebmke=ÀeflekeÀ keWÀê Demeleb. ieeJee®es meJe& GlmeJe osJejeF&ceO³es meepejs kesÀues peeleele. DeveskeÀ neEceie ye[&ieeJeebceO³es ceeefmekeÀ ie´ece yewþkeÀ osJejeF&ceO³es Iesleueer peeles DeeefCe l³eele ieeJee®³ee ¢äerves cenÊJee®es efveCe&³e meecegefnkeÀheCes Iesleues peeleele. DeveskeÀoe, keÀener efJeMes<e efve³ece Demeleele. keÀener osJeje³eebceO³es DeveJeeCeer pee³e®eb yebOeve Deens. keÀejCeeefMeJee³e l³ee Yeeieele pee³e®eb veener DeMeer ³eespevee efometve ³esles. l³eecegUs, pebieue oeì DeeefCe ®eebieueb jne³euee ceole nesles. ~~ [e@. GcesMe cegb[u³es 4

osJejeF& ë ueeskeÀmenYeeieeletve pewJeefJeefJeOelee mebJeOe&vee®ee meebmke=ÀeflekeÀ Jeejmee

mece=× Demee pewefJekeÀ DeefOeJeeme keÀeuesve ³eebveer meekeÀeju³eecegUs kesÀjU®³ee Jeve efJeYeeieeyejesyej l³eeb®es keÀece megª Peeues. keÀeboUJeveeb®es mebj#eCe, l³eele Jee{ DeeefCe Dev³ener. heCe, l³eebveer l³eeb®es O³es³e keÀener mees[ues veener. leyyeue SkeÀ ueeKe keÀeboUJeveeb®eer ueeieJe[ keÀªve l³eebveer mecegêefkeÀveeje, Kee[er DeeefCe veoer mecegêeuee efceUles l³ee heefjmejele SkeÀ keÀuheveeleerle JeeleeJejCe meekeÀejues. ns meejs heentve l³eeb®³eeJej ìerkeÀe-efìheCCeer keÀjCeejsner De®ebefyele Peeues. ~~ YeeJesMe ye´eïeCekeÀj keÀeboU`Jevee'®es j#ekeÀ keÀeuesve HeeskeÌkegÀove

Indian JFM programs are characterized by a joint venture approach; they are different from other community management schemes, and are a cross between the top-down and bottom-up approaches. JFM is concept of developing partnership between fringe forest user groups and the forest department on the basis of mutual trust and jointly defined roles and responsibilities for forest protection and development. II Shweta Sakpal

Joint Forest Management

Considering the complex and intricate fabric of people-culture-environment-policy in the region, there is a need to leverage the inherent tradition of community forest conservation in NE India, so that the region’s beauty and bounty can be protected in its full glory!! II Manoshi Goswami

The Land of Forest Worshippers

Je=#ejepe cejercegLLet ³eesieveeLeve osJejeF& ÒekeÀuHe Hee³ej Je=#ee®eer cespeJeeveer osJejeF& ë MeeMJele efvemeie& HeefjmebmLee keÀevneceOeerue `meele Yeefieveer' HegÀueJee ë Heeve jbietve ieUeJe³ee... nesUer ë He³ee&JejCe DeeefCe efJe%eeve

~ ceveer<e JeeIe ~ mebieerlee peesMeer ~ efJeMeeue me[skeÀj ~ megveerue efYe[s ~ [e@. veeiesMe ìskeÀeUs ~ Debpevee osJemLeUs ~ ÒeCeesleer KeeveessuekeÀj

8 9 11

13 14 18 19

HegÀueHeeKejeb®³ee peieele ieeCes He#³eeb®es... JeeIe mecepetve Iesleevee yegkeÀ MesuHeÀ ë Jevee®es MueeskeÀ [eWefyeJeueer efvemeie& cesUe v³etpe uesìj Economics of Forest Resources Avifaunal Diversity of BPS

~ cekeÀjbo kegÀuekeÀCeea ~ leg<eej YeesF&j

~ OeceXê Keb[eue

21 22 23

24 25 I Chinmay Khanolkar I Omkar Nar

28 29

: cegK³e mebHeeokeÀ ë Òee. efJeÐeeOej JeeueeJeuekeÀj [e@. mebpe³e peesMeer : meuueeieej mebHeeokeÀ ë [e@. Deefveue keÀekeÀes[keÀj [e@. DeªCe peesMeer [e@. nsce®ebê ÒeOeeve [e@. Meece DemeesueskeÀj [e@. mebpe³e osMecegKe : keÀe³e&keÀejer mebHeeokeÀ ë keÀefJelee JeeueeJeuekeÀj ë mebHeeove mene³³e ë megjefYe JeeueeJeuekeÀj : cegKeHe=ÿ ë Devegjeie efJeMJekeÀcee& : ceO³eHe=ÿ ë mJeefHveue HeJeej - jeveJeeìe De#ejpegUCeer/mepeeJeì ë ceveer<e JeeIe

®es Jeie&Ceeroej Jne Jeeef<e&keÀ ë ©. 500/ÜwJeeef<e&keÀ ë ©. 1000/Heb®eJeeef<e&keÀ ë ©. 2000/hejosMeer Jee®ekeÀebmeeþer ë Jeeef<e&keÀ ©. 2500/-

Jeve, pebieue, DejC³e...Demes DeveskeÀ meceeveeLeea Meyo. HeCe Òel³eskeÀ Meyoe®ee YeeJe DeeefCe DeLe& JesieJesieUe. l³ee l³ee Meyoebceeieerue efJeMes<eCesner JesieJesieUer... efveefye[ DejC³e, IeveIeesj efkebÀJee oeì pebieue... JevejeF& Demes efJeefJeOe YeeJe. Hejbleg ³ee meJee¥ceOeerue Jev³epeerJeeb®es DeefmlelJe cee$e eflelekeÀ®e jescen<e&keÀ, DeekeÀ<e&keÀ DeeefCe Lees[smes efYeleeroe³ekeÀ. cee®e& ceefnv³eeleerue JeveMeem$eefovee®³ee efveefceÊeeves ³ee DebkeÀeceOes JeveefJe<e³ekeÀ DeveskeÀefJeOe uesKeeb®ee meceeJesMe Deens. keÀeboUJeve, osJejeF& ns Jeveeb®es efJeefJeOe ÒekeÀej efJe<eo keÀjCeejs YeeJesMe ye´ecnCekeÀj DeeefCe GcesMe cegb[u³es ³eeb®es uesKe ceeefnleerHetCe& Deensle. ceeveJeeuee l³ee®³ee YetYeeiee®eer peueeJejCeeMeer Demeuesu³ee meerceejs<esJej GYeejuesues keÀeboUJeve ns Jejoeve®e Deens. HeCe owvebefove Je=ÊeHe$eeletve DeeHeCe MeesOeues lej ceeveJe ojjespe®e ns keÀeboUJeve GodOJemle keÀjC³ee®³ee ceeies ueeieuee Deens. peefceveer®eer Yej Ieeuele veJ³ee YetYeeiee®eer efveefce&leer keÀjleevee ceeveJeeves keÀeboUJevee®³ee DeefmlelJeeJej Je YeefJe<³eeJej ÒeMveef®evn GYes kesÀueb Deens. osJejeF& ns osJeeb®es pebieue. ceeveJeer ceveeleerue osJelJee®³ee YeeJeeves DeepeJej ³ee pebieueeb®es DeefmlelJe peesHeemeues iesues. meg¢{ DeMee Je=#eJeuueeR®ee SkeÀ ceesþe þsJee DeeHeu³eeuee ³ee pebieueebletve GHeueyOe Peeuee. DeveskeÀefJeOe ÒekeÀej®³ee Je=#eJeuueeR®³ee pewJeJewefJeO³ee®es mebj#eCe ³ee ÞeOoece³e HejbHejsletve Peeues. ceeveJee®eer ueeskeÀmebK³ee Yejcemeeþ Jee{u³eeves DeeHeCe meJe&ÒekeÀej®³ee pebieuemebHeÊeerJej Ieeuee Ieeuelees³e lemes®e ³ee JevepeefceveeRceO³es meJe& yeepetbveer Deefle¬eÀceCeb keÀjlees³e cnCetve®e ³ee pebieueeleerue Jev³eÒeeC³eebveer pebieueeb®eer meercee Deesueeb[tve ceeveJeer JemleerceOetve HesÀjHeÀìkeÀe ceeje³euee megjJeele kesÀueer Deens. efyeyeìîeeves efkebÀJee JeeIeeves l³ee®eer meercee Deesueeb[tve oMe&ve efoues keÀer l³ee®eer ye´skeÀeRie v³etpe nesles DeeefCe ceie l³ee efþkeÀeCe®³ee DeemeHeeme jneCeeN³ee meJee¥vee®e jescen<e&keÀlee, DeekeÀ<e&Ce DeeefCe efYeleer ³ee®ee DevegYeJe YejJemleerle MenjeceOes®e DevegYeJelee Deeuee. Deelee yengoe efyeyeìîee®eer megOoe iegCemet$es yeouet ueeieueer Deensle les MenjebceOeerue Jeml³eeble efMe©ve kegÀ$³eebmeejKeer meesHeer efMekeÀej MeesOet ueeieues Deensle. DeeefCe veeieHetjele lej SkeÀe efyeyeìîeeves le=CeYe#eer ÒeeC³eeb®³ee efHebpeN³eeceO³es efMe©ve Hee®e meele ÒeeC³eebvee keÀejCeeefMeJee³e þej ceejues. YetkeÀ ueeieu³eeefMeJee³e efnbm$e ÒeeCeer Giee®e®e Flej ÒeeC³eebvee ceejle veener ne efJeéeeme l³eeves Keesìe þjJeuee. Jev³e ÒeeCeer ceeveJeer JemleerHeemetve MekeÌ³e lesJe{e otj peelees ne mecepener nUtnUt Keesìe þjsue FlekesÀ ÒeeCeer Jeveeb®eer meercee Deesueeb[tve Menjele ³esT ueeieues Deens. yeoueCeeN³ee meboYee&le Jeveeb®ee, Jev³eÒeeC³eeb®ee DeY³eeme DeeefCe l³eeb®³ee JeeieCetkeÀer®es mebMeesOeve nesC³ee®eer DeeJeM³ekeÀlee ³eeletve efvecee&Ce Peeueer Deens. yeouel³ee $eÝletceevee®ee, iueesyeue Jee@efce¥ie®ee DeeefCe Jee{l³ee Òeot<eCee®ee ÒeeC³eebJej Je l³eeb®³ee JeeieCetkeÀerJej lemes®e pebieueeb®³ee DeefmlelJeeyeeyele nesCeeN³ee HeefjCeeceeb®ee DeY³eeme keÀjCes ns ceesþs DeeJneve Deens.

ke=ÀHe³ee OeveeosMe `DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe' (Apala Paryavaran) ³ee veeJeeves keÀe{eJee.

Òee. efJeÐeeOej JeeueeJeuekeÀj

ceeefmekeÀeletve ÒekeÀeefMele Peeuesu³ee celeebMeer mebHeeokeÀ mencele Demeleerue®e Demes veener.

osJejeF& ë ueeskeÀmenYeeieeletve pewJe efJeefJeOelee mebJeOe&vee®ee meebmke=ÀeflekeÀ Jeejmee mejkeÀejer heeleUerJej he³ee&JejCe mebj#eCee®ee osJeje³eeb®ee DeY³eeme keÀªve, l³eele ³eespeuesues Ghee³e DeeheCe Flej efþkeÀeCeer ³eesi³e jerleerves Jeehejues lej keÀceer Ke®ee&le, yengleebMe efþkeÀeCeer SkeÀoe®e hewmes Ke®e& keÀªve, heeCeer De[Jet, meeþJet DeeefCe efpejJet MekeÀlees. osJeje³ee ueeskeÀmenYeeieeletve peheu³ee peele Demeu³eeves ³eemeeþer mebj#eCe Jeiewjs meeþer JesieUe Ke®e& eEkeÀJee ceveg<³eyeU ueeiele veener. Þe×e Demeu³eeves pebieue legìle veener DeeefCe l³eecegUs heeCeer keÀe³ece jenleb.

[e@. GcesMe cegb[u³es cenejeä^ele heeCeer efJe<e³eeJej DeY³eemehetCe& keÀece keÀjCeejs J³eefÊeÀceÊJe cnCetve DeesUKeues peeCeejs [e@. cegb[u³es osJejeF&lep%e cnCetvener DeesUKeues peeleele. l³eebveer cenejeä^eleu³ee 3,783 osJeje³eeb®eer veeWo keÀjleevee 1,450 osJeje³eebvee he´l³e#e Yesì efoueer Deens. ¿ee YeìkebÀleerojc³eeve l³eebveer 1,068 JevemheleeR®eer DeesUKe heìJeueer Deens.

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

Yeeie cnCetve efJeefJeOe Yeeie mebjef#ele keÀjCeb (DeYe³eejC³e, National Parks, Biosphere Reserves, Gene Banks, Jeiewjs) DeeefCe JesieJesieUs keÀe³eos keÀjCeb Demes Ghee³e efomeleele. heCe ³eele mebj#eCee®³ee heéf¬eÀ³esletve ceeCetme JesieUe keÀe{uee peelees. l³eecegUs yengleebMe efþkeÀeCeer ns Ghee³e ueeskeÀmenYeeieeefJevee De³eMemJeer nesleevee efomeleele. megowJeeves, ueeskeÀmenYeeieeletve he³ee&JejCe mebj#eCe DeeefCe mebJeOe&ve keÀjC³eemeeþer Yeejleeuee hejbhejsves SkeÀ meg¢{ Jeejmee efouee Deens. veÐee, leueeJe, efJeefJeOe [eWiej, Jevemheleer DeeefCe heéCeer, Fl³eeefo ieesäeRvee Oeee|cekeÀ cenÊJe osTve l³eeb®eb mebj#eCe DeeefCe mebJeOe&ve efhe{îeeveefhe{îee kesÀueb. ³eeleuee SkeÀ DeeefCe meJee&le cenÊJee®ee IeìkeÀ cnCepes òsJejeF&'. osJejeF& cnCepes osJee®³ee veeJeeves jeKetve þsJeuesueb pebieue. ³ee pebieueeleerue meJe& ieesäer Oeee|cekeÀ YeeJevesves efhe{îeeveefhe{îee meebYeeUu³ee peeleele. ³eeleerue keÀesCel³eener ieesäer®ee Jeehej J³eeheejemeeþer keÀje³e®ee veener, keÀesCelebner Pee[ lees[e³e®eb veener ³ee YeeJevesves osJeje³eeb®eb mebj#eCe kesÀueb peeleb. osJejeF&uee kegbÀheCe eEkeÀJee mebj#ekeÀ eEYele vemeles. keÀesCeer jeKeCeoej vemeleele, heCe lejerner, kesÀJeU Oeee|cekeÀ YeeJevesves j#eCe kesÀueb peeleb. meeceeefpekeÀ yebOeve ne meJee&le peemle heefjCeecekeÀejkeÀ þjCeeje IeìkeÀ Deens. osJejeF&le efMeju³ee efMeju³ee Deeheu³eeuee efomeleele Gb®e Je=#e, l³eeJej DemeCeeN³ee DeveskeÀ DeekeÀeje®³ee Jesueer, ie®®e Pee[esje DeeefCe efJeefJeOe he#eer, heéCeer ³eeb®es DeeJeepe DeeefCe yejs®eoe oMe&ve. kegÀþs lejer JeenCeeN³ee Dees{îee®ee eEkeÀJee veoer®³ee heeC³ee®ee DeeJeepe, he#³eeb®ee efkeÀueefyeueeì, DeveskeÀ heMeghe#³eeb®eb oMe&ve nesleb. osJejeF&®³ee ceO³eeJej eEkeÀJee SkeÀe yeepetuee SKeeob cebefoj Demeleb. efvemeiee&letve®e Deeuesuee osJe eEkeÀJee osJeer Demeles. SKeeoe Peje eEkeÀJee Dees{e Demelees. keÌJeef®ele SKeeoer veoer Demeles. yejs®eoe, efvemeiee&letve Deeuesues osJe Demeleele. Goe. JeeIepeeF&, keÀeUkeÀeF&, Jeiewjs. DeveskeÀ osJeje³eebceO³es lej osJeeSsJepeer Yetle jeKeCeoej Demeu³ee®eb yeIee³euee efceUeueb.

osJejeF& ceOeerue pewJeefJeefJeOelee DeeÊeehe³e¥le JevemheleeR®³ee megceejs 1450 ntve peemle he´peeleer veeWoC³eele Deeu³ee Deensle. l³ee®ehećeeCes, megceejs 140 he´keÀej®es he#eer, 80 ntve peemle he´keÀej®eer HegÀueheeKejs, 18 ntve peemle he´keÀej®es mejheìCeejs heéCeer, YeskeÀjs, efhemeesjer, njCes, meeUeRoj, KeJeues ceebpej, ceekeÀ[s, veerueiee³e, ieJee, jeveceebpej, efyeyeìîee, Fl³eeefo JevepeerJeve megjef#eleheCes peieleevee efomeles. yeensj keÌJeef®ele efomeCeeN³ee he´peeleer FLes megjef#ele Jee{leele. osJejeF&®es meceepeeleerue mLeeve osJejeF& ieeJee®eb meebmke=ÀeflekeÀ keWÀê Demeleb. ieeJee®es meJe& GlmeJe osJejeF&ceO³es meepejs kesÀues peeleele. DeveskeÀ ieeJeebceO³es ceeefmekeÀ ieéce yewþkeÀ osJejeF&ceO³es Iesleueer peeles DeeefCe l³eele ieeJee®³ee ¢äerves cenÊJee®es efveCe&³e meecegefnkeÀheCes Iesleues peeleele. DeveskeÀoe, keÀener efJeMes<e efve³ece Demeleele. keÀener osJeje³eebceO³es DeveJeeCeer pee³e®eb yebOeve Deens. keÀejCeeefMeJee³e l³ee Yeeieele pee³e®eb veener DeMeer

Aapala Paryavaran

³eespevee efometve ³esles. l³eecegUs, pebieue oeì DeeefCe ®eebieueb jne³euee ceole nesles. osJejeF& mebkeÀuheves®eb Deepener DemeCeejb cenÊJe DeeefCe Ghe³eesie DeeheCe keÀener GoenjCeebJeªve mecepeeJetve IesT³ee. ueeskeÀmenYeeieeletve mebj#eCe DeeefCe mebJeOe&ve heefnueer osJejeF& Deens kegÀ[eJeUs ieeJeeleerue, meO³ee meeOeejCe 90 SkeÀjJej Kethe ®eebieueb jeKeuesueb pebieue. Deieoer GvneÈ³eelemeg×e meeJeueer osCeejb pebieue. DeeÊee Demeuesueer osJejeF& keÀe jeKele DemeeJesle, ³ee®eb GÊej MeesOeC³eemeeþer kesÀuesu³ee he´³elveebceOetve keÀener ieesäer keÀUu³ee. ³ee osJejeF& ceOetve veoer®ee Giece neslees. osJejeF& ieeJeehes#ee Gb®eeJej Deens. ³ee veoer®eb heeCeer ieeJekeÀN³eebveer hetJeea heeì yeebOetve Gleejeves ieeJeele DeeCeueb Deens. mebhetCe& ieeJeeuee Je<e&Yej Yejhetj heeCeer efceUleb³e. ueeskeÀebvee hetCe& peeCeerJe Deens keÀer osJejeF& Deens cnCetve heeCeer Deens (Yejhetj, Je<e&Yej DeeefCe HegÀkeÀì). l³eecegUs ner osJejeF& ®eebieu³ee he´keÀejs peheueer peeles. oeheesueerceOeerue keÀox , Deemeto, eEkeÀJee mebieceséej ceOeerue keÀener ieeJeb, meeJebleJee[er ceOeerue keÀener ieeJeb, efJeMes<eleë, me¿eeêer®³ee kegÀMeerle Demeuesu³ee

ieeJeebceO³es Demeuesu³ee osJeje³ee efleLeueer heeC³ee®eer iejpe lej YeeieJeleele®e, heCe ³ee osJeje³eebcegUs efceUCeejb heeCeer mece=×erner DeeCeleb. ³eele meJee&le cenÊJee®eer ieesä cnCepes, ns heeCeer Gleeje®ee Jeehej keÀªve keÀesCeleerner yee¿e Tpee& ve Jeehejlee, osJejeF& ceOeerue m$eesleeheemetve ieeJeehe³e¥le DeeefCe Mesleerhe³e¥le DeeCeueb peeleb. DeMee osJeje³eeb®ee DeY³eeme keÀªve, l³eele ³eespeuesues Ghee³e DeeheCe Flej efþkeÀeCeer ³eesi³e jerleerves Jeehejues lej keÀceer Ke®ee&le, yengleebMe efþkeÀeCeer SkeÀoe®e hewmes Ke®e& keÀªve, heeCeer De[Jet, meeþJet DeeefCe efpejJet MekeÀlees. osJeje³ee ueeskeÀmenYeeieeletve peheu³ee peele Demeu³eeves ³eemeeþer mebj#eCe Jeiewjs meeþer JesieUe Ke®e& eEkeÀJee ceveg<³eyeU ueeiele veener. Þe×e Demeu³eeves pebieue

legìle veener DeeefCe l³eecegUs heeCeer keÀe³ece jenleb. ³ee he´ef¬eÀ³esceO³es keÀUer®ee cegÎe Deens lees mLeeefvekeÀ ueeskeÀeb®³ee menYeeiee®ee, DeeefCe l³ee®³ee ³eMemJeer DebceueyepeeJeCeerJej®e meJe& he´³elveeb®eb ³eMe DeJeuebyetve Deens. DeeheCe efvemeiee&®ee SkeÀ Yeeie Deenesle DeeefCe vewmee|iekeÀ meeOevemebheÊeer mebheJelees³e, l³eecegUs Deeheu³eeJej ³ee meJe& ieesäer efìkeÀJeC³ee®eer peyeeyeoejer Deens ns ue#eele IesTve ceeCemeeves he³ee&JejCee®eb mebj#eCe DeeefCe mebJeOe&ve keÀjC³eemeeþer he´³elve keÀjle jenCeb DeeJeM³ekeÀ Deens. ³ee meJe& he´³elveebmeeþer osJejeF& Deeheu³eeuee ceeie&oMe&keÀ cnCetve Ghe³eesieer he[Ceej Deens. íe³eeef®e$es ë [e@. GcesMe cegb[u³es

Sacred Groves - Maharashtra In Maharashtra, sacred groves are found in tribal as well as non-tribal areas. The sacred groves in the western part are called Devrai or Devrahati whereas in the east, the Madiya tribals call them Devgudi. 2820 sacred groves have been documented in the state. Some of the deities to whom these groves are dedicated are Maruti, Vaghoba, Vira, Bhiroba, Khandoba and Shirkai. Portia tree, Casuarina, Silk cotton tree, Indian laurel, Indian Elm, Bead tree, Indian butter tree, Turmeric and Japanese ginger are among the most commonly found plant species in the sacred groves. http://www.cpreecenvis.nic.in/Database/Maharashtra_887.aspx

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

Aapala Paryavaran

keÀeboU `Jeveeb'®es j#ekeÀ keÀeuesve heeskeÌkegÀove

Meslecepegje®ee cegueiee les peieefJeK³eele he³ee&JejCe j#ekeÀ, DeMeer l³eeb®eer DeesUKe Deens. mecegêefkeÀveejer leyyeue SkeÀ ueeKe keÀeboUJeve meekeÀeju³eeves efJeéeeleerue JewefMeäîehetCe& DeefOeJeeme l³eeefþkeÀeCeer efvecee&Ce Peeuee Deens. kesÀJeU ogmejerhe³e¥le efMe#eCe nesTvener hegmlekesÀ efueefnCeejs DeeefCe Deeheu³ee keÀe³ee&letve DeveskeÀ he´Mveeb®eer GkeÀue keÀªve osCeejs keÀeuesve heeskeÌkegÀove ns Deepener DeveskeÀeb®es ceeie&oMe&keÀ Deensle.

YeeJesMe ye´eïeCekeÀj He$ekeÀej-mlebYeuesKekeÀ, veeefMekeÀ

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

DeþjeefJeées oeefjêîe Demeuesu³ee kegÀìgbyeele l³eeb®ee pevce Peeuee. oesve JesU®es pesJeCe efceUeues heeefnpes cnCetve DeeF&-Je[erue l³eeuee Mesleele keÀeceemeeþer v³ee³e®es. efoJemeYej jeye jeye jeyee³e®es. mebO³eekeÀeUer Iejer Deeues keÀer heesìYej pesJee³e®es DeeefCe je$eer megKee®eer Peeshe. mekeÀeU Peeueer keÀer hegvne veJee efoJeme megª. ne meeje efove¬eÀce Demeu³eeves®e kesÀJeU ogmejerhe³e¥le®e efMe#eCe IesC³ee®eer mebOeer l³eebvee ueeYeueer. DeeefoJeemeer l³eelener oefuele meceepeeleerue Demeu³eeves DemebK³e yebOeves. HeÀej keÀener keÀjC³ee®eer mebOeer®e veener. Mesleer, MeslekeÀjer DeeefCe ie´eceerCe Yeeieeleerue efJeJeb®evee ns meejs heenle, DevegYeJele®e l³eeb®³ee Debieer mece=×lee Deeueer. ³ee meeN³ee keÀþerCe heef j eq m Leleer u ee leeW [ os l e l³eeb v eer meceg ê ef k eÀveeN³eeueiele Demeues u ³ee keÀeb o UJeveeb ® es (ce@veie´gJnpe) mebj#eCe, l³eeb®eer ueeieJe[ megª kesÀueer. DeeefCe heenlee heenlee peieeleerue JewefMeäîehetCe& DeMeer pewefJekeÀ efJeefJeOelee veeboCeeje DeefOeJeeme efvecee&Ce keÀjC³eele les ³eMemJeer Peeues. ns meejs keÀece keÀjCeeN³ee J³eÊeÀer®es veeJe Deens keÀeuesve heeskeÌkegÀove. l³eebveer keÀeboUJeveeb®es meece´ep³e GYes kesÀues cnCetve meJe&peCe l³eebvee `keÀeboU heeskeÌkegÀove' cnCetvener DeesUKeleele. l³eeb®ee peerJevehe´Jeeme KejesKej®e JeeKeeCeC³eepeesiee Deens. kesÀjU jep³eeleerue keÀVetj efpeu¿eeleerue FPeesce ceguee ³ee ieeJeele keÀeuesve ³eeb®ee 1937ceO³es pevce Peeuee. Yeejleer³e mJeeleb$³eehetJeea®ee lees keÀeU neslee. l³eecegUs DemebK³e efveye¥Oe DeeefCe heejleb$³ee®³ee keÀejYeejele les Jee{t ueeieues. Iej®eer heefjeqmLeleer 56

DeefleMe³e nueeKeer®eer. jespe keÀece kesÀues lej®e pesJeCe efceUsue, DeMeer eqmLeleer. l³eecegUs keÀece keÀjCes Deheefjne³e&®e. efpeLes GhepeerefJekesÀ®ee®e he´Mve efleLes efMe#eCee®eer keÀe³e iele. meenefpekeÀ®e l³eeb®es heéLeefcekeÀ efMe#eCe j[le Ke[le®e Peeues. DeJeI³ee ogmeN³ee F³eÊeshe³e¥le®e l³eebvee cepeue ceejlee Deeueer. l³eelener oefuele DeeefoJeemeer Demeu³eeves he´®eb[ ce³ee&oe. ns meejs nesle Demeleevee ojjespe Mesleer®es keÀece keÀªve l³eebvee l³ee heefjmejeleerue mecem³ee he´keÀ<ee&ves efomet ueeieu³ee. Jee{les Je³e, lee©C³e ³eecegUs meenefpekeÀ®e Dev³ee³eeuee Jee®ee HeÀes[C³ee®ee l³eeb®ee ³elve megª Peeuee. l³eekeÀeUele [eJ³ee he#eeb®eer efJe®eejOeeje l³eebvee DeeJe[e³e®eer. l³eecegUs [eJ³ee he#eeceO³es jentve keÀece megª Peeues. cee$e, 1964ceO³es [eJ³ee he#eele HetÀì he[ueer. ceekeÌme&Jeeoer (ceekeÀhe) DeeefCe Yeejleer³e (YeekeÀhe). MeslekeÀ´³eeb®es he´Mve, Mesleer®³ee mecem³ee DeeefCe ieéceerCe Yeeieeleerue De[erDe[®eCeer ³ee meeN³eeb®eer oKeue IesTve Deeboesueve keÀjCes, cees®ex keÀe{Ces, mebyebefOeleebvee YesìCes DeeefCe JesUhe´mebieer efveoMe&ves keÀjCes ns meejs les keÀª ueeieues. l³eecegUs®e DeveskeÀ JesUe keÀejeie=ne®eer nJee KeeC³ee®eer JesUner l³eeb®³eeJej Deeueer. heCe, l³eeb®³ee Dee³eg<³eeuee SkeÀe Ieìvesves keÀueeìCeer efoueer. 1970 ®³ee oMekeÀele l³eeb®³ee ieeJeeheefjmejele peueefJeÐegle he´keÀuheemeeþer neue®eeueer megª Peeu³ee. l³eeefJejesOeele les KebyeerjheCes GYes jeefnues. ³ee®e ojc³eeve l³eebvee ue#eele Deeues keÀer, he³ee&JejCee®es Deleesveele nesCeejs vegkeÀmeeve Deeheu³eeuee hejJe[Ceejs veener. cnCetve®e l³eeb®es he³ee&JejCeehe´leer keÀece megª Peeues DeeefCe efJeéee®³ee Feflenemeele peCet SkeÀ DeveesKee DeO³ee³e efueefnuee iesuee. mecegêefkeÀveejer, Kee[erueiele DeeefCe mecegêeuee ³esJetve efceUCeeN³ee heePe³eeveie[er veoer®³ee efkeÀveejer keÀeboUJeve meekeÀeje³euee nJes, ³eemeeþer les Deeieńer nesles. cnCetve®e ojjespe mekeÀeUer Gþe³e®es DeeefCe keÀeboUJevee®eer ueeieJe[ keÀje³e®eer. efoJemeYej l³eeb®eer efveiee jeKee³e®eer ³ee®e keÀeboUJeveeb®³ee meeefVeO³eele ogheejer Lees[er Peeshe I³ee³e®eer. mebO³eekeÀeU Peeueer keÀer IejekeÀ[s efveIee³e®es. Demee efove¬eÀce l³eebveer megª kesÀuee. IejekeÀ[s hejleleevee

Aapala Paryavaran

Lees[e Yeepeerheeuee DeeefCe mJe³ebheekeÀemeeþer ueeieCee´³ee keÀener yeeyeer vesC³ee®ee l³eeb®ee heÍeele heentve DeveskeÀebveer l³eebvee Jes[îeele®e keÀe{ues. ne keÀe³e GÐeesie megª kesÀuee³e. keÀeboUJeveeves keÀener legPes heesì YejCeej veener. l³eehes#ee keÀeceOeboe keÀj, Iej meebYeeU, kegÀìgbyee®es heeuevehees<eCe keÀj Demes meuues l³eebvee keÀe³ece®e efceUt ueeieues. heCe, les l³eeb®³ee efveCe&³eeJej þece nesles. meJee&efOekeÀ megjef#ele Deeef C e me#ece DeMeer pew e f J ekeÀ ef J eef J eOelee keÀeboUJeveeb®³ee efþkeÀeCeer efvecee&Ce nesT MekeÀles ³eeJej l³eeb®ee efJeéeeme neslee. ceeM³eebmeeþer hees<ekeÀ JeeleeJejCe, ceekeÀ[, nefjCe ³eemen Dev³e heéC³eebmeeþer cegyeuekeÀ KeeÐe, JeìJeeIetU DeeefCe ceOeceeMeebmeeþer ceensjIej, he#³eebmeeþer megjef#ele DeefOeJeeme, Kee©leeF& DeeefCe Dev³e mejheìCeeN³ee heéC³eebmeeþer YekeÌkeÀce J³eJemLee ner meejer keÀeboUJevee®eer JewefMeäîes. keÀeboUJevee®eer ueeieJe[ DeeefCe efveiee ³eele meelel³e Demeu³eeves l³eebvee ³eMe ³esle iesues. oueoue DeeefCe ef®eKeueele GieJeCeeN³ee keÀeboUJevee®³ee he´peeleer®eer efveJe[ l³eebveer kesÀueer nesleer. 300 jesheeb®eer ueeieJe[ DeeefCe l³eebveer Oejuesues yeeUmes ³eecegUs mecegêefkeÀveeN³eeueiele efnjJesieej pebieue®e efJekeÀefmele Peeues. ner yeeye kesÀjU JeveefJeYeeiee®³ee vepejsle Yejueer. l³eebveer MeesOe megª kesÀuee keÀer keÀesCe Deens keÀer p³eeves ns meekeÀejues Deens. keÀeuesve ³eeb®ee MeesOe l³eebvee ueeieuee DeeefCe lesLetve hegvne SkeÀ veJes heJe& megª Peeues. mece=× Demee pewefJekeÀ DeefOeJeeme keÀeuesve ³eebveer meekeÀeju³eecegUs kesÀjU®³ee Jeve efJeYeeieeyejesyej l³eeb®es keÀece megª Peeues. keÀeboUJeveeb®es mebj#eCe, l³eele Jee{ DeeefCe Dev³ener. heCe, l³eebveer l³eeb®es O³es³e keÀener mees[ues veener. leyyeue SkeÀ ueeKe keÀeb o UJeveeb ® eer ueeieJe[ keÀªve l³eeb v eer mecegêefkeÀveeje, Kee[er DeeefCe veoer mecegêeuee efceUles l³ee heefjmejele SkeÀ keÀuheveeleerle JeeleeJejCe meekeÀejues. ns meejs heentve l³eeb®³eeJej ìerkeÀeefìheCCeer keÀjCeejsner De®ebefyele Peeues. keÀeuesve ³eeb®³ee keÀe³ee&le neleYeej ueeJeC³eeefMeJee³e l³eebvee iel³eblej veJnles. DeefOeJeeme le³eej kesÀu³eeveblejner les Meeble yemeues veenerle. keÀeboUJeveeb®eer pevepeeie=leer, l³ee®es cenÊJe ³ee®ee he´®eej-he´meej keÀjC³ee®es veJes keÀe³e& l³eebveer neleer Iesleues. l³eemeeþer l³eebveer keÀeboUJeve MeeUe (ce@veie´gJn mketÀue) ner mebkeÀuhevee DeeCeueer.

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

heeCeLeU peeieeb®³ee mebj#eCee®es cenÊJe heìJetve osCeejs Ghe¬eÀce MeeUebceO³es nesT ueeieues. efþkeÀefþkeÀeCeer les J³eeK³eeveebmeeþer peele Demeu³eeves heeCeLeU peeiee, keÀeboUJeve ³eeyeeyele ceesþer pevepeeie=leer Ie[t ueeieueer. DeJeIes ogmejerhe³e¥le efMe#eCe Peeues Demeues lejer l³ee®eer l³eebvee keÀOeer ueepe Jeeìueer veener eEkeÀJee keÀcelejlee. l³eebveer keÀeboUJeveebyeeyele hegmlekeÀ®e efueefnC³eeme meg©Jeele kesÀueer. `ceePes peerJeve' DeeefCe `keÀeboUJevee®³ee pebieueeleerue ceePes peerJeve' ner oesve hegmlekesÀ l³eeb®eer ieepeueer. l³eeveblej keÀeboUJeveeb®es cenÊJe meebieCeejs hegmlekeÀner l³eebveer efueefnues. Flejeb®³ee mene³³eeves l³eebveer keÀener hegmlekesÀ efueefnueer. keÀeneRveer keÀeuesve ³eeb®³ee efJe®eejebJej DeeOeejerle hegmlekesÀ efueefnueer. 2004ceO³es l³eeb®³ee keÀe³ee&®ee mee#eelkeÀej mebhetCe& peieeuee Peeuee. lmegveeceermeejKeer vewmee|iekeÀ DeeheÊeer Deeueer heCe, keÀeboUJeveebheemetve kesÀjU®³ee efkeÀveeN³ee®es mebj#eCe Peeu³ee®es efve<heVe Peeues. l³eecegUs®e osMeesosMeer®es DeY³eemekeÀ, lep%e DeeefCe DeveskeÀeb®ee Dees{e keÀeuesve ³eeb®³ee keÀe³ee&keÀ[s Deeuee. l³eeb ® ³ee ³ee Devees K ³ee keÀe³ee& ® eer oKeue efþkeÀefþkeÀeCeer Iesleueer peeT ueeieueer. cnCetve®e he´efme× efoioMe&keÀ keÀefJe³etj efmeJehe´meeo ³eebveer keÀeuesve ³eeb®³ee peerJeveeJej DeeOeejerle mLeuece ne ef®e$eheì 2011ceO³es meekeÀejuee. lees ueeskeÀefhe´³e þjuee. keÀeuesve ³eebvee DeveskeÀeveskeÀ hegjmkeÀejebveer

ieewjefJeC³eele Deeues. Yetceer efce$e hegjmkeÀej, Jeveefce$e hegjmkeÀej, nefjle j#ekeÀ hegjmkeÀej, Demes efkeÀleerlejer hegjmkeÀej l³eebvee efceUeues. kesÀjU mejkeÀejves 2010 ceO³es l³eebvee nefjle J³eÊeÀer ne mevceeve osTve ieewjJe kesÀuee. peeieeflekeÀ leheceeve Jee{ercegUs mecegê heeleUer Jee{C³ee®ee ceesþe OeeskeÀe Deens. ne®e OeeskeÀe keÀceer keÀje³e®es Demesue lej keÀeboUJeve l³eeuee me#ece he³ee&³e Deens, Demes keÀeuesve JeejbJeej meebiele. Deepener osMeesosMeer®es DeY³eemekeÀ, lep%e kesÀjUele peeJetve keÀeuesve ³eeb®³ee keÀecee®eer heenCeer keÀjerle Deensle. l³eeb®es keÀece®e DeveskeÀeb®³ee mebMeesOevee®ee efJe<e³e þjues Deens. Je³ee®³ee 78 J³ee Je<eea 2015 ceO³es l³eeb®es efveOeve Peeues. heCe, l³eeb®³ee keÀe³ee&®eer he´ef®eleer Deepener DeveskeÀebvee ³esle Deens. keÀeuesve ³eeb®³ee keÀe³ee&veblej®e mecegê efkeÀveejer Yeeieele veJeerve efve³ece (meerDeejPes[) DemeeJesle ³ee®ee mejkeÀejuee mee#eelkeÀej Peeuee. GvneÈ³eele Leb[eJee osCeejs, hegje®ee meecevee keÀª MekeÀCeejs, peefceveer®eer Oethe LeebyeefJeCeejs, JeeoUebheemetve megj#ee osCeejs, KeejìheCee ef v e³eb e f $ ele keÀjCeejs Deeef C e lmegveeceerHeemetve keÀeboUJeveeb®es mebj#eCe ner Deepe®³ee keÀeUe®eer®e veener lej YeefJe<³ee®eerner iejpe Deens.

Aapala Paryavaran

`Je=#ejepe' cejercegLLet ³eesieveeLeve `ceeCemee®eb HeeTue DeeefCe JeeUJebìe®eer ®eentue' ner cnCe Kejer þjeJeer DeMeer HeefjefmLeleer meO³ee meJe&$e efomele Deens. JesieJesieUer efJekeÀemekeÀeceb, ieieve®ebgyeer Fceejleer, mceeì& efmeìerped®³ee nJ³eemeeHeesìer Menjeletve - ieeJeebletve keÀener ÒeceeCeele Gjuesueer Pee[b ceesþîee ÒeceeCeeJej lees[ueer peele Deensle. ³eeJej GHee³e cnCet v e ³ee Del³eeOeg e f v ekeÀ keÀe@cHueskeÌmeceOetve jenCeejs DeeHeCe DeeHeu³ee yuee@keÀ®³ee ie@uejerle MeesYes®³ee HegÀueeb®³ee kegbÀ[îee þsJetve efvemeie& mebJeOe&vee®ee ceesþsHeCee efcejJelees. heCe meesmee³eìer®³ee DeeJeejele 5-10 Je=#e Pee[b ueeJeC³ee®ee efJe®eej cee$e keÀOeer®e DeeHeu³ee ceveele keÀOeer®e ³esle veener. keÀejCe DeeHeu³eekeÀ[s l³eemeeþer lesJe{e JesUner vemelees DeeefCe DeeHeu³ee iee[îee Heeke&À keÀjC³ee®eer peeiee Pee[b ueeJetve keÀe Jee³ee IeeueJee³e®eer DeMeer ceeveefmekeÀleener DeeHeCe peesHeemele Demelees. Je=#eebyeÎue®eer ©#elee DeeHeu³eele cegUeHeemetve®e ©peuesueer Demeles. DeHeJeeo ne Òel³eskeÀeuee®e Demelees. lemes®e keÀener DeeoMe&Jele DeHeJeeo Deepe He³ee&JejCe mebJeOe&vee®³ee #es$eele keÀece keÀjleevee efomeleele. l³eeleuee®e SkeÀ DeHeJeeo cnCepes cejercegLLet ³eesieveeLeve! Deeheu³ee hetJe&peeb®³ee hegC³eeF&cegUs DeeHeu³eeuee efceUeuesu³ee Je=#ejepeer®eb mebJeOe&ve JneJeb, l³eele veJ³ee Je=#eeb®eer Yej He[eJeer Demee efJe®eej peesHeemele leeefceUvee[t jep³e HeefjJenve®ee yeme kebÀ[skeÌìj Demeuesuee ne HeÇîee efvemeie&mebJeOee&vee®eb keÀece SkeÀ-oesve veJns leyyeue 25 Je<e¥ keÀjlees Deens. DeeHeu³ee Heieejeleerue 40 ìkeÌkesÀ

ceveer<e ®ebêMesKej JeeIe

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

jkeÌkeÀce ner Je=#eejesHeCe DeeefCe l³eeb®³ee mebJeOe&veeJej Ke®e& keÀjCeeje ³eesieerveeLeve Deepe `Je=#ejepe' cnCetve DeesUKeuee peelees. ³eesieerveeLeve oer[ Je<ee&®ee Demelee®e l³ee®³ee Jeef[ueeb®eb efveOeve Peeueb. DeeF& ®ene®³ee ceÈ³eeJej keÀece keÀje³e®eer. efveueefiejer HeJe&lejebiesleu³ee keÀesÆeefiejer®³ee Ieveoeì efJemleerCe& pebieueele®e l³ee®eb yeeueHeCe iesueb. ueneveheCeer Pee[eb®³ee Keeueer yemetve keÀefJelee keÀjCeeje ³eesieveeLeve lesJneheemetve pees Je=#eeb®³ee he´sceele he[uee lees Deepeleeiee³ele. Dee@eqkeÌmepeve³egkeÌle Meg× nJee osCeeN³ee ³ee Je=#ejepeeR®ee menJeeme efceUeu³eeyeÎue ³eesieerveeLeve mJeleëuee KetHe®e Yeei³eJeeve mecepelees. ³ee Je=#eeb®eb mebj#eCe DeeefCe mebJeOe&ve keÀjC³ee®ee Jemee l³eeves ueneveHeCeeHeemetve®e Iesleuesuee. Je³ee®³ee 13J³ee Je<eea SkeÀe ueeketÀ[ceeefHeÀ³ee®³ee efJejesOeele efouesu³ee ue{îeeHeemetve megª Peeuesueb ³eesieerveeLeve®eb efvemeie& j#eCee®eb ns iesueer 30 Je<e& DeJ³eenle megª Deens. ³ee leerme Je<ee&le l³eeves leeefceUvee[t jep³eele 3 ueeKe Pee[b ueeJeueer, vegmeleer ueeJeueer®e veenerle lej leer peieJeueer DeeefCe Jee{JeueerosKeerue. ³ee DeHeÀeì keÀeceefiejeryeÎue, yeme kebÀ[keÌìj Demeu³eeves DeeHeu³eeuee ieeJeesieeJeer peelee ³esle Demeu³eecegUs®e ns MekeÌ³e Peeu³ee®eb ÒeebpeU cele ³eesieerveeLeve J³ekeÌle keÀjlees. keÀejCe l³ee®³ee ³ee Je=#e-ÒesceecegUs lees keÀeceeJej JeejbJeej iewjnpej jene³e®ee. ceeieerue 17 Je<ee&le l³ee®³ee 44 JesieJesieÈ³ee ieeJeer yeou³ee Peeu³ee. l³eecegUs®e ³ee ieeJeebceOetve Je=#eejesHeCe keÀª MekeÀuee, Demeb lees ceesþîee DeefYeceeveeves meebielees. ueneve Je³eele®e keÀjle Demeuesu³ee efvemeie& j#eCeecegUs lees efce$eceb[Uerbyejesyej®e ieeJeelener veeJeepeuee peeT ueeieuee. HeCe l³ee®³ee ³ee Je=#eÒesceecegUs l³eeuee DeveskeÀ JesUe DeveskeÀ ueeskeÀeb®ee jes<e helkeÀjeJee ueeieuee. lej keÀOeer ueeket À [ ceeefHeÀ³eebkeÀ[tve ceejner KeeJee ueeieuee. ³eecegUs DeeHeCe vekeÌkeÀer®e keÀenerlejer JesieUb DeeefCe ®eebieueb

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Aapala Paryavaran

pebieuee®³ee Hegve©ppeerJevee®ee ÒekeÀuHe - osJejeF& meO³ee DeeheCe DevegYeJele Demeuesueer Deefve³eefcele Leb[er, keÀOeerner ve Peeuesueer efouueerleerue ieejheerì, JeejbJeej ³esle Demeuesueer JeeoUs, $eÝleg®e¬eÀele nesCeejs yeoue ³ee meJee¥®ee DeeheCe DevegYeJe Iesle Deenesle. meO³ee®³ee keÀeUele nJeeceeve yeouee®es mebhetCe& he=LJeer J³eehetve ìekeÀCeejs HeÀej ceesþs mebkeÀì efvecee&Ce Peeues Deens. ³ee hetJeeaner he=LJeerJej nJeeceeve yeoue Peeues Deensle. ner vewmee|iekeÀ he´ef¬eÀ³ee Deens. hejbleg ceeCemee®³ee efJekeÀemee®³ee keÀuhevee, Jesieeves nesCeejs MenjerkeÀjCe, DeewÐeesefiekeÀerkeÀjCe, meelel³eeves Jee{Ceejer ueeskeÀmebK³ee ³ee meieÈ³eemeeþer nesCeeje vewmee|iekeÀ mebmeeOeveeb®ee nesCeeje Dece³ee&o Jeehej, pebieueeKeeue®es melele keÀceer nesle peeCeejs #es$eHeÀU ³ee meieÈ³eecegUs ner nJeeceeve yeouee®eer he´ef¬eÀ³ee ieefleceeve Peeueer Deens. ³ee meJee¥Jejleer cetueYetle Ghee³e cnCepes hejle SkeÀoe JeveerkeÀjCe.

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DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

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Aapala Paryavaran

¢eqäkeÀesveeletve Pee[eb®³ee he´peeleeR®eer efveJe[ keÀjC³eele Deeueer. cepegjebkeÀ[tve Pee[s ve ueeJetve Ieslee, Deepegyeepet®³ee heefjmejeleerue peemleerle peemle veeieef j keÀeb v ee menYeeieer keÀªve ueeskeÀmenYeeieeletve ns JeveerkeÀjCe keÀje³e®es þjues. meele Je<ex ner peeiee mebmLeskeÀ[s DemeCeej hejbleg ns pebieue Deeheu³eeuee efvejblej efìkeÀJee³e®es Deens. ³eemeeþer heefjmejeleerue pesJe{îee ueeskeÀeb®ee neleYeej, menYeeie ³ee Ghe¬eÀceele Demesue lesJe{s les pebieue GÊece efìkesÀue. ³ee ¢eqäkeÀesveeletve he³ee&JejCe o#elee ceb[Ue®es efvemeie&cesUe, Je=#eyebOeve, ueIegef®e$eheì ceneslmeJe, peeieeflekeÀ Jev³epeerJe mehleen ³eemeejKes keÀe³e&¬eÀce Je=bos ieeJe, ieesJesueer, efììJeeUe ³ee heefjmejeceO³es meg© keÀjC³eele Deeues. he´keÀuhee®es veeJe osJejeF& Deens. hejbleg ner Kejer osJejeF& veener. Je=bÐee®es ns pebieue osJejeF& hećeeCes jeKeues peeJes Je efììJeeÈ³eemeejK³ee Peheeìîeeves Jee{le peeCeN³ee Menje®es green lungs yeveeJes ³ee YeeJevesves he´keÀuhee®es veeJe òsJejeF&' þsJeues Deens . efììJeeÈ³eeceO³es ceneieCeheleer®es osJemLeeve Deens. ³ee ceneieCeheleer®eer osJejeF& cnCetve ns pebieue DeesUKeues peeJes Je meebYeeUues peeJes ¿ee ¢eqäkeÀesveeletve cebefoje®³ee efJeMJemLeebmeesyele mebheke&À meeOetve he´³elve ®eeuet Deensle. 12 peevesJeejer 2017 uee ner Jevepeceerve he´l³e#e leey³eele efceUeu³eeJej meJe& he´Lece l³ee®³ee ®elegëmeercee efveefM®ele keÀjC³eele Deeu³ee. SkeÀe yeepetuee yeejceener JeenCeejer keÀeUt veoer Deens. SkeÀe yeepetuee Ke[Jeueer-efììJeeUe Demee jmlee Deens DeeefCe yeekeÀer oesve yeepetuee Je=bÐeeleerue ieeJekeÀN³eeb®eer Mesleer Deens. Je=bos ns 80 les 90 Iejeb®es íesìsmes ieeJe he´ k eÀuheeuee ueeiet v e®e Deens . he´ k eÀuhe ueeskeÀmenYeeieeletve keÀje³e®es Demes þjJeu³eecegUs Je=bos, efììJeeUe, ieesJesueer l³ee®ehećeeCes keÀu³eeCe, [eWefyeJeueer, þeCes DeMee DeveskeÀ MenejebceOeerue MeeUe Je ceneefJeÐeeue³eebleerue efJeÐeeLeea, he³ee&JejCe ceb[Us, efvemeie& ceb[Us l³ee®ehećeeCes jesìjer Je uee³evme ³eemeejK³ee efJeefJeOe meeceeefpekeÀ mebmLeebMeer mebheke&À meeOeuee. ¿ee meieÈ³eebkeÀ[tve Yejhetj heéflemeeo efceUeuee Je peemleerle peemle Pee[s ner ueeskeÀebveer he´l³e#e ³esTve ueeJeueer. l³ee®ehećeeCes ³ee keÀe³e&¬eÀceemeeþer Yejhetj efveOeer®eer DeeJeM³ekeÀlee Deens. ne efveOeer GYeejC³emeeþer SkeÀ ceeie& cnCetve SkeÀe Pee[ekeÀefjlee 1000 ©he³es 7 Je<ee¥keÀefjlee

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

ÐeeJes Demes DeeJeenve keÀjC³eele Deeues Je l³eeuee GÊece heéflemeeo efceUeuee. l³eehećeeCes keÀe@heexjsì meeceeefpekeÀ peyeeyeoejer (CSR) ®³ee ceeO³eceeletve osKeerue efveOeer GHeueyOe neslees Deens. DeepeJej ³ee kebÀhev³eeb®³ee DeveskeÀ keÀce&®eN³eebveerner osJejeF&uee he´l³e#e Yesì osTve Je=#eejesheCe kesÀues. he´keÀuhee®³ee le³eejer ojc³eeve efveOeermeeþer De@efkeÌmeme yeBkesÀMeer mebheke&À meeOeuee. l³eeJesUer Þeer. yeeyet peesmesHeÀ ns De@efkeÌmeme yeBkesÀ®es CSR hećegKe nesles. mejkeÀejkeÀ[tve he´l³e#e he´keÀuhee®eer cebpegjer efceUshe³e¥le les mesJeeefveJe=Êe Peeues nesles. l³eecegUs Deelee keÀe³e keÀje³e®es Demee he´Mve mebmLesheg{s GYee jeefnuee hejbleg l³eebveer Jew³eefÊeÀkeÀefjl³ee DeOee& efveOeer GYee keÀjerve Demes Deeéeemeve efou³eecegUs efveeq½eble he´keÀuheeuee megjJeele Peeueer . yeeyet peesmesHeÀ ³eebveer ³ee he´keÀuheeuee Yesì osTve lesLes Je=#eejesheCener kesÀues Deens. ³ee he´keÀuheeceO³es SvJnejes eqJnefpeue efveOeer®ee hegjJeþe keÀjle Deens. 2018 Je 2019 ³ee oesve heeJemeeÈ³eebceO³es jesheeb®eer ueeieJe[ keÀjC³eele Deeueer. DeeÊeehe³e¥le 145 peeleeR®eer 20,000 Pee[s ueeJetve Peeueer Deensle. JeveKeel³eeves he´keÀuheeyeeyele efouesu³ee ceeie&oMe&keÀ lelJeevegmeej Pee[ebvee heeCeer IeeueCes DeeJeM³ekeÀ nesles. keÀeUt veoer Deens®e. hejbleg Sefheúe Je ces ®³ee he´Kej GvneÈ³eele ³ee veoer®es HeeCeer ceesþîee ÒeceeCeele Deeìles. ³ee®e keÀeUele Pee[ebvee heeC³ee®eer Kethe DeeJeM³ekeÀlee Demeles. cnCetve eEJeOeCefJenerj (yeesDejJesue) KeCeC³eele Deeueer l³eeuee GÊece heeCeer ueeieues keÀener Yeeieele keÀeUt veoerletve Je keÀener Yeeieele yeesjJesue ceOetve efve³eefceleheCes Pee[ebvee heeCeer IeeueC³eele ³esles . Pee[eb®eer Jee{ GÊece nesle Deens lemes®e ueeJeuesueer 90 ìkeÌkesÀ Pee[s peieueer Deensle. vegmeleer Pee[s ueeJetve ve Leebyelee peefceveerKeeueerue heeC³ee®eer heeleUer Jee{JeCes Je heeJemeeyejesyej Jeentve peeCeejer ceeleer LeebyeJeCes ³eemeeþer Gleeje®³ee Yeeie Jejleer ®ej (Water Accumulation trenches) keÀjC³eele Deeues l³ee®ehećeeCes peeieespeeieer oie[eb®es íesìs íesìs yebOeejs (Ioose Boulder Structure) yeebOeC³eele Deeues. he´l³e#e peceerve leey³eele efceUeu³eeveblej peefceveer®es meJex#eCe keÀjC³eele Deeues Je lesLes keÀener Pee[s hetJeeaheemetve Demeu³ee®es efveoMe&veele Deeues. l³eeveblej ®eebieu³ee eqmLeleerle Demeuesu³ee Pee[eb®es heeCeer Ieeuetve mebJeOe&ve keÀjC³eele Deeues DeeefCe

p³eeefþkeÀeCeer Pee[eb®ee hetCe&heCes Nneme Peeuee Deens DeMee efþkeÀeCeer jesheeb®eer ueeieJe[ keÀjC³eele Deeueer . pebieue cnCepes HeÀÊeÀ ceesþs Je=#e veenerle lej ceesþer Pee[s, ceO³ece DeekeÀeje®eer Pee[s, Peg[ghes, Jesueer Je ieJele, cee³e¬eÀesHeÌueesje l³ee®ehećeeCes efJeefJeOe $eÝletbceO³es ³esCeejer Pee[s ³ee meieÈ³ee®es efceUtve mece=× heefjmebmLee le³eej JneJeer Je l³eeletve heéCeer,he#eer, efkeÀìkeÀ ³eebmeeþer DeefOeJeeme le³eej JneJee ¿ee ¢eqäkeÀesveeletve keÀece ®eeuet Deens. heg{erue Je<eea keÀener DeeblejJe=#e ueeieJe[ (interplantation), Jesueer, Dee@e|keÀ[, Deew<eOeer Jevemheleer DeMee he´keÀej®eer ueeieJe[ keÀjC³ee®³ee ¢äerves efve³eespeve ®eeuet Deens lemes®e Pee[eb®es geo tagging keÀjC³ee®es keÀece ®eeuet Deens. ceeie®³ee Je<eea 25 cee®e& 2018 ³ee efoJeMeer peeieeflekeÀ Jeveefovee®³ee efveefceÊeeves osJejeF& he´keÀuhee®ee heefnuee JeOee&heve efove meepeje keÀjC³eele Deeuee. ³ee keÀe³e&¬eÀceemeeþer peeieeflekeÀ keÀerleea®es DeCegMeem$e%e [e@. Deefveue keÀekeÀes[keÀj lemes®e JeveefJeYeeiee®es jepeWê keÀoce (cegK³eJevemebj#ekeÀ, þeCes JeveJe=Êe þeCes) Je efkeÀMeesj þekeÀjs (GheJevemebj#ekeÀ, þeCes JeveJe=Êe þeCes) GheeqmLele nesles. ¿eebveer mebhetCe& ueeieJe[er®eer heenCeer kesÀueer Je Peeuesu³ee keÀeceeyeÎue Del³eble meceeOeeve J³eÊeÀ kesÀues. [e@. Deefveue keÀekeÀes[keÀj ³eebveer HeÀÊeÀ Jeveer k eÀjCe keÀªve ve Leeb y elee ³es L eer u e pewJeefJeefJeOeles®ee meelel³eeves DeveskeÀ Je<e& DeY³eeme keÀjeJee Je l³eemeeþer JeveefJeÐeeve keWÀê Je Òe³eesieMeeUe megª keÀjeJeer DeMeer met®evee kesÀueer. ³ee met®eves®ee mebmLesves ieebYeer³ee&ves efJe®eej kesÀuee Deens Je l³ee¢äerves le³eejer meg© kesÀueer Deens. ³esl³ee 5 Je<ee&bceO³es ³ee he´keÀuheele efJeefJeOe he´keÀej®es Mew#eefCekeÀ Ghe¬eÀce jeyeefJeC³eele ³esleerue. efvemeie& YećebleermeejK³ee GHe¬eÀceebceOetve MenjeceO³es ve heenlee ³esCeeN³ee DemebK³e he´peeleeR®eer Pee[s, he#eer, efkeÀìkeÀ F. heenlee ³esleerue. ³eeÜejs Jee®ekeÀebvee ceer efJevece´ DeeJeenve keÀjles keÀer, DeeheCe meJee&veer ³ee osJejeF& he´keÀuheeuee DeJeM³e Yesì ÐeeJeer. ³eemeeþer He³ee&JejCe MeeUs®³ee otjOJeveer ¬eÀceebkeÀeJej mebHeke&À keÀjeJee. (022-2538 0648)

Aapala Paryavaran

hee³ej Je=#ee®eer cespeJeeveer! ®ee ceesþe LeJee yemeuesuee neslee. efnjJee efheJeUmej Demee l³eeb®ee jbie, efomee³euee osKeCee! efveeq½ele ceespeCeer kesÀueer lesJne l³eeb®eer mebK³ee peJeU peJeU 200 Yejueer. meJe& ceb[Uer keÀe³e&¬eÀceemeeþer SkeÀ$e Deeuesueer Deensle DeeefCe l³eeb®³eele ®e®ee& ®eeuet Deens Demes les SkebÀojerle ¢M³e Yeemeueb. ns heentve ceuee peje veJeue Jeeìueb. DeeefCe ceuee he´Mve he[uee, keÀe yejb ns meJe&peCe SkeÀ$e peceues Deensle? ceeP³ee he´Mvee®eb GÊej MeesOeC³eemeeþer ceer efleLes GYee jentve l³eeb®eb efvejer#eCe keÀjle neslees. lesJe{îeele ceePeb ue#e yeepet®³ee Pee[eJej nesCeeN³ee neue®eeueerkeÀ[s iesues. les Pee[ peJeU®e Demeu³eecegUs l³ee Pee[eJej®es he#eer ceuee ueies®e efomet MekeÀle nesles. DeekeÀejeves Yeuee ceesþe, ueebyeue®ekeÀ ®ees®e, keÀeUe-efheJeUe jbie, SKeeÐee ceeCemeeves Jej®³ee megjele eEkeÀ®eeUeJeb, Deesj[eJeb Demee DeeJeepe keÀjle OevesMe l³ee Pee[eJej®eer HeÀUs Keele neslee. lemes®e l³ee Pee[eJej ceueyeejer jeKeer OevesMee®eer pees[er HeÀUebJej leeJe ceejle nesleer. ceueyeejer jeKeer OevesMe veeJeehe´ceeCes®e jeKee[er jbiee®ee. veje®³ee ®ees®eer®ee heeb{je jbie Demelees. meesyele®e ceueyeeje®ee keÀJe[îee OevesMe keÀeÈ³ee jbiee®ee Je efheJeÈ³ee ®ees®eer®ee Demes vej Je ceeoer megOoe HeÀUs Keele nesleer. keÀesCelee vej, keÀesCeleer ceeoer ns ceer oge|yeCeerletve yeIetve efveeq½ele kesÀueb. les meJe& efceUtve one-yeeje peCe nesles. les keÀesCeles Pee[ Deens ³ee®eer Kee$eer keÀjC³eemeeþer HeÀUeb®eb DeeefCe heeveeb®eb efvejer#eCe kesÀu³eeveblej keÀUueb keÀer les Pee[ nesleb hee³ej®e. hee³ej cnCepes Gbyej, Je[eEheheU DeMee he´keÀej®³ee Je=#e ieìele cees[Ceejs. Jeerme les heb®eJeerme ceerìj Gb®e l³ee®³ee hemejuesu³ee HeÀebÐee DeeefCe efnjJ³ee HeÀUebveer veìuesueb les Pee[ nesleb. ceuee oesvner Pee[eJej®es he#eer efomeleerue DeMee efþkeÀeCeer GYee jentve ceer l³ee Pee[eb®eb efvejer#eCe keÀjle neslees. hee³ej®³ee Pee[eJej®es OevesMe he#eer l³eeb®eb heesì Yeju³eeJej SkeÀeceeietve SkeÀ DeeJeepe keÀjle G[tve iesues. lesJe{îeele keÀeìsmeeJejeJej®eer keÀyeglejs G[tve hee³ej®³ee Pee[eJej yemeueer. SKeeÐee mewv³eeves nuuee keÀjeJee lemee lees #eCe neslee. hee³ej®eb ns Pee[ Deelee jeKeer keÀheeUe®³ee njesUerves yenjueb nesleb. keÀyetlejeb®ee jbie DeeefCe Pee[e®³ee heeveeb®ee, Pigeon)

ceer ³eboe®³ee Je<eea he#eerefvejer#eCe keÀjC³ee®ee mebkeÀuhe kesÀuee Deens . l³eemeeþer®e JesieJesieÈ³ee efþkeÀeCeer efvemeie&Jee®eve meg© keÀsues Deens. meg©Jeele cnCetve ceer ceeP³ee Ieje®³ee ieeJee®³ee Deemeheeme he#eer efvejer#eCe keÀ© ueeieuees. Demes®e SkeÀs efoJeMeer heneìs ceer keÀesveeUkeÀÆe keÀe@ueveerle oeKeue Peeuees. leUkeÀes k eÀCeeleer u e oes [ eceeie& leeueg k eÀe cegK³eeue³eeheemetve peJeUpeJeU Jeerme efkeÀueesceerìj DeblejeJej Jemeuesueer íesìerMeer keÀesveeUkeÀÆe keÀe@ueveer. Ieveoeì pebieue, efnjJ³ee Pee[ebveer veìuesuee efvemeie&jc³e heefjmej,peCet keÀener efnjJ³ee jbiee®eer ®eeoj DebieeJej Dees{tve Iesleu³eemeejKeer®e!

efJeMeeue me[skeÀj JeveMeem$e ceneefJeÐeeue³e, oeHeesueer

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

Deepetyeepetuee ueeskeÀeb®ee JeeJej DeeefCe l³eele ueeskeÀeb®eer Jemleer keÀceer he´ceeCeele®e! DeMeer ner jml³eeuee ueeietve Demeuesueer keÀesveeUkeÀÆe keÀe@ueveer. heneìs®ee ieejJee DeeefCe vegkeÀlee®e oesve [esbiejebceOetve [eskeÀeJeCeeje met³e&veeje³eCe DeMee JeeleeJejCeele ceer he#eer efvejer#eCeemeeþer keÀesveeUkeÀÆe keÀe@ueveerle hees®euees. Ieveoeì pebieue DeeefCe ceeP³ee ieeJeeheemetve keÀesveeUkeÀÆe peJeU®e. efMeJee³e eflekeÀ[®ee heefjmejner DeesUKeer®ee. ceer l³ee heefjmejele vesnceer®es he#eer yeIele-yeIele DeeefCe keÀener veJeerve he#³eeb®eer DeesUKe keÀ©ve IesC³ee®³ee nsletves YeìkeÀle neslees. meesyeleeruee Demeuesues JesieJesieÈ³ee he#³eeb®es DeeJeepe-keÀener keÀke&ÀMMe,keÀener ceOegj Demee l³eeb®ee efkeÀueefyeueeì keÀeveer he[le neslee. Keb[îee, keÀesleJeeue, nUÐee, peebYeUe eEMepeerj, yeefnje heesheì, yegueyegue Demes he#eer yeIele DeeefCe l³eeb®ee ef®eJeef®eJeeì SskeÀle ceer peJeUpeJeU 2 efkeÀueesceerìj ®eeuetve iesuees. ceie ceer ceeIeejer peeC³ee®ee efveCe&³e Iesleuee. hejleer®³ee ceeiee&Jej efveIeleevee De®eevekeÀ ceeP³ee keÀeveeJej DeesUKeer®ee DeeJeepe he[uee. ceePeer vepej ueies®e l³ee efoMesves JeUueer. Yejhetj he#³eeb®ee peceeJe SkeÀe keÀeìsmeeJejer®³ee Pee[eJej peceuesuee neslee. keÀesCeles he#eer Deensle ³ee®eer Kee$eer keÀjC³eemeeþer ceer Lees[e heg{s peeTve Leebyeuees. oge|yeCeerletve yeefIeleu³eeJej keÀUeueb efkeÀ jeKeer keÀheeUeb®³ee njesUer®ee (Grey-fronted Green

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Aapala Paryavaran

HeÀUeb®ee jbie peJeUheeme meejKee Demeu³eecegUs keÀyeglejs DeeefCe Pee[ SkeÀceskeÀele efcemeUtve iesues nesles. ns heenleevee ®esnN³eeJej eqmcelenem³e ³esCeej veener cnCepes veJeue®e. ¿ee HeÀebÐeebJe©ve l³ee HeÀebÐeebJej G[îee ceejle, DeeJeepe keÀjle l³eeb®eer ceewpecepesle cespeJeeveer ®eeuet nesleer. Pee[eJe©ve Keeueer hee®eesÈ³eeJej he[CeeN³ee HeÀUeb®ee ìheìhe DeeJeepe ³esle neslee. Kethe efoJemeebveer cespeJeeveerJej leeJe ceejeJee DeMeer l³eeb®eer leer KeeC³ee®eer heOole. Deelee ceePeb ue#e hee³ej®³ee Pee[eJej meg© Demeuesu³ee cespeJeeveerJej SkeÀef$ele Peeuesueb nesleb. Lees[îee JesUeves l³ee Pee[eJej ceueyeeje®ee leebyeì ³ee he#³ee®eb Deeieceve Peeueb. efnjJee DeeefCe ®esnN³eeJej leebye[e jbie, DeekeÀejeves lemee íesìe Demee lees he#eer. l³eeb®eer mebK³ee ®eej®³ee Deemeheeme DemeeJeer DeeefCe l³ee®³ee ieìeleerue ®eej leheefkeÀjer [eskeÌ³ee®³ee leeb y eì he#³eeb ® eener meceeJes M e cespeJeeveerceO³es Peeuee. Deelee keÀesCelee he#eer ³esCeej ³eeb®³eekeÀ[s ceePeb ue#e nesleb DeeefCe ceer l³eeb®eer Jeeì heenle neslees. lesJe{îeele meesvesjer jbiee®³ee nUÐee ³ee cespeJeeveerceO³es meeceerue Peeuee. pemepemes veJeerve he#eer cespeJeeveerceO³es meeceerue nesle nesles, leMeer ceePeer GlmegkeÀleener Jee{le®e nesleer. kegÀkeÀ[tkeÌ³ee (White-cheeked Baret) heCe ¿ee cespeJeeveerceO³es mJeeiele®e Peeueb. hee³ej®eer HeÀUs KeeC³eemeeþer nesCeeN³ee he#³eeb®es

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

Deeieceve ceer heenle neslees DeeefCe oge|yeCeerletve l³eeb®eer DeesUKe keÀ©ve Iesle neslees. l³eeleerue keÀener he#eer HeÀUs Keele nesleer. lej keÀener Deeheu³ee ceeiee&ves G[tve peele nesleer. cespeJeeveerceO³es oesve ceesþîee ®ees®eer®³ee keÀeJeÈ³eeb®ee DeeefCe ®eej ieeJekeÀeJeÈ³eeb®eener he´JesMe Peeuee. l³eeb®³eeveblej hee®e keÀesefkeÀUe l³ee cespeJeeveerle meeceerue Peeu³ee. hegkeÀhetkeÌ³eener (Coppersmith Barbet) SkeÀ SkeÀ keÀjle ³esle nesles. SketÀCe les hee®e nesles. ceie ®eej peebYeUs meg³e&he#eer efkeÀueefyeueeì keÀjle meeceerue Peeues. lemes®e l³ee Pee[eKeeueer oesve iee³eyeieUs heCe ceeP³ee efveoMe&veeme Deeues. meJe&peCe ¬eÀcee¬eÀceeves SkeÀ$e ³esTve cespeJeeveer®ee ueeYe Iesle nesles. ne meJe& he´keÀej ceer SkeÀ les oer[ leeme heenle neslees. Depetvener keÀener he#eer cespeJeeveer®ee ueeYe Iesle nesles lej keÀener hejleer®³ee

22 12

ceeiee&Jej peele nesles. lemee ceer megodOee ceeP³ee hejleer®³ee ceeiee&Jej efveIeeuees. ns meJe& jml³ee®³ee yeepetuee ueeietve Demeuesu³ee hee³ej®³ee Pee[eJej Ie[le nesles. jml³eeJe©ve ³es pee keÀjCeeN³ee iee[îee, l³eeb®ee lees DeeJeepe, Deepetyeepetuee Demeuesu³ee ueeskeÀeb®ee JeeJej DeeefCe l³eele l³ee Pee[eJej keÌJeef®ele ueeskeÀeb®eb ue#e peele nesleb. SJe{îee meieÈ³ee ieeWOeUele efceUtve-efcemeUtve, Jeeì heenle DeeefCe ¬eÀcee¬eÀceeves ³esTve cespeJeeveer®ee ueeYe IesC³ee®ee he´keÀej ceeP³eemeeþer efveeq½ele®e Dee½e³e&pevekeÀ DeeefCe efMekeÀC³eemeejKee neslee. ³ee he´mebieeveblej Lees[s Jee®eve kesÀues lesJne hee³ej lemes®e Je[-eEheheU, Deewogbyej ner Pee[s HeÀUYe#eer he#³eebmeeþer Del³eble cenÊJee®eer Demeu³ee®es mecepeues. ns Je=#e ceeveJeer Jemleer®³eepeJeU nceKeeme Demeleele. cebefojeb®³ee DeeJeejelener DeMee Pee[eb®es efJeMes<e cenlJe Demeles. lesJne ³ee Je=#eeb®es mebJeOe&ve keÀjCes DeveskeÀ he#³eebmeeþer ueeYeoe³ekeÀ®e þ© MekesÀue.DeMee meg b o j ces p eJeeveer ® es ve³evemeg K e hegve:hegvne DevegYeJeC³eemeeþer Demes DeveskeÀ hee³ej, Je[-eEheheU, Deewogbyej ner Pee[s ueeJeC³ee®es ceer ceveesceve þjJetve ìekeÀues. Je=#eJeuueer Deecne mees³ejs DeeefCe JesieUs les keÀe³e!

Aapala Paryavaran

osJejeF& MeeMJele efvemeie& heefjmebmLee meJe& efvemeie&he´sceeR®es

efvemeiee&®es meece´ep³e hegvemLee&efhele keÀjC³eemeeþer efJeefJeOe ceeiee&veer he´³elve megª Peeues Deensle. ceie l³eemeeþer DeeheCe keÀesìer keÀesìer Je=#e ueeJelees³e, ueeskeÀebvee osMeer Je=#eeb®es cenlJe heìJet v e os l ees ³ e, keÀ®eje ef p ejJelees ³ e, peuemebJeOe&vee®es efJeefJeOe he´³elve keÀjlees³e, heCe ³ee efvemeie& mebJeOe&veeuee Meeéele efoMee osT MekesÀue DeefleMe³e me#ece, mece=× Je MeskeÀ[es veener lej npeejes Je<ee&®ee DevegYeJe Demeuesuee Demee Deepener keÀe³e&#ece DemeCeeje ieg© cee$e ogue&ef#ele Deens ³ee®eer DeesUKe JneJeer cnCetve ne uesKe. ³ee ieg©®es veeJe Deens “ÄáÔÏÚ§” . osJejeF&uee mLeevehejlJes yeoueCeejer DeveskeÀ veeJes Deensle. keÀesCeer osJeyeve cnCeles, keÀesCeer osJejneìer cnCeleele, keÀesCeer MejCeJeves, keÀesCeer veeieJeves Demes mebyeesOeleele. l³ee®eer ªhesmeg×e DeveskeÀ Deensle, kegÀþs lees kegÀ[eJeUs ³esLes MeskeÀ[es SkeÀjele efJemeeJeuee Deens, lej Goieerj ³esLes hee®eMes SkeÀjeceO³es JeemleJ³e keÀªve Deens. Deebyee ³esLes kesÀJeU SkeÀ Je=#e mJeªheele Deens, Jesu¿eele Ieermej ³esLes heeC³ee®³ee [esnele Deens, Ieermej ³esLes DemeCeejer ceesþer osJejeF& meJe& peeCekeÀej efvemeie&he´sceeR®eer uee[keÀer Deens. osJejeF& cnCepes osJee®³ee veeJeeves jeKeuesues pebieue. p³ee pebieueele ceeveJeer nmle#eshe ®eeuele veener DeMee mLeeefvekeÀeb®³ee Þe×s®³ee kegbÀheCeeves jeKeues iesuesues pebieue. ³ee osJejeF&leerue osJelee Demeleele, keÀeUgyeeF&, JeeIepeeF&, JejmegyeeF&, keÀeUkeÀeF& eEkeÀJee Yewjesyee, cnmeesyee Fl³eeoer. ³ee osJelee Kethe Kethe keÀesefheä eEkeÀJee leeheì Demeleele DeMeer mLeeefvekeÀeb®eer Þe×e Demeles. DeeefCe osJelee keÀeshesue ³ee YeerleercegUs, pebieuee®ee ¿ee efJeefMeä Yeeieeme mLeeefvekeÀ ueeskeÀ

megefveue efYe[s

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

GlmHetÀle&heCes mebj#eCe osleele. osJejeF&ceOeerue keÀesCelesner Pee[®e keÀe³e heCe HegÀues, HeÀUs, legìtve he[uesu³ee HeÀebÐeeveener nele ueeJee³e®ee veener DeMeer hejbheje. MeskeÀ[es Je<ee¥heemetve ®eeuele Deeuesueer Deens. Deecner Kethe osJeje³ee DeY³eemeu³ee. heCe l³ee keÀOeer jeKeC³ee®eer hejbheje megª Peeueer, l³ee®es Je³e keÀe³e Demee Jesns kegÀCeeueener meebielee ³esle veener. oeceesoj Oecee&vebo keÀesmebyeer ³eebmeejKes p³esÿ DeY³eemekeÀ lej l³eebvee ceele=keÀeJeve cnCele. heej DeMce³egieele vesleele lej ieescegKe mebmLes®³ee Þeer efJepe³ejeJe hejebpehes mej. DeeheCe DejC³emebmke=Àleerletve heg{s Deeuees l³ee®ee MesJeì®ee ogJee Deens Demes DeY³eemehetCe& heéfleheeove keÀjleele. Lees[keÌ³eele ³ee osJeje³eener efvemeie& mebJeOe&vee®eer heé®eerve mebkeÀuhevee Deens. Deepe Deecneuee Jeeìles efkeÀ lees SkeÀ efpeJeble, keÀe³e&#ece, ef v emeie& meb J eOe& v ee®ee, Deeheu³ee het J e& p eeb v eer mebYeeUuesuee Jeejmee Deens. ceeveJeer nmle#eshe vemeu³ee®ee heefjCeece Demee Peeuee Deens keÀer efvemeie& ne SkeÀcesJe keÀlee&-keÀjefJelee osJejeF&le keÀece keÀjle Deens, Deelee MeskeÀ[es Je<e& efvemeie& keÀece keÀjerle jeefnuee, ceeveJeeves nmle#eshe veener kesÀuee lej keÀe³e nesles ³ee®ee DevegYeJe Deeheu³eeuee osJejeF&ceO³es ³eslees. FLes Je<ee&vegJe<ex DeveskeÀ Je=#ejepe, efJeefJeOe Pee[sPeg[hes, Jesueer he´pee efvecee&Ce keÀjle jeefnues, ³ee meJee¥vee FlekeÀer mheOee& nesleer keÀer l³eeleerue meJeexÊece nesles les®e efìkeÀues. p³esÿ Jevemheleerle%e ÞeerÞeero cenepeve mej cnCeleele, Gl¬eÀebleerJeeoe®ee he´l³e³e cnCepes osJejeF&. FLes Je=#e heg©<eesÊece Peeuesle lej uelee ceneuelee Peeuesu³ee Deensle. Jesueer®eer Je=#eehećeeCes ceesþîee Peeuesu³ee Deensle. osJejeF& cnCepes SkeÀ Glke=Àä efMeKej heefjmebmLee eEkeÀJee keÌuee³ece@keÌme

FkeÀesefmemìerce, DeheskeÌme JnspeerìsMeve efmemìerce le³eej Peeueer Deens. ³esLeerue Je=#e DeeefCe Jesueer MelekeÀeveg M elekes À l³ee l³ee JeeleeJejCeele, efvemeie&®e¬eÀele, efìketÀve jeefnues. l³eecegUs mLeeefvekeÀ Je=#eJesueermeeþer ner yeerpeyeBkeÀ Deens. ner heef j meb m Lee l³ee l³ee Yeeieeleer u e YeewieesefuekeÀlee Je nJeeceeveeMeer mecejme Peeueer Deens. MeskeÀ[es Je<ee¥®³ee JeeleeJejCeeleerue yeoueebvee efìketÀve keÀe³e jenles ³ee®es ns efpeJeble GoenjCe Deens. l³eecegUs®e Deepe pesJne DeeheCe nJeeceeve yeouee®ee efJe®eej keÀjlees³e l³eeJesUer Kejb lej ³ee osJeje³eeb®ee meboYe& pebieues (jsHeÀjvmeHeÀe@jsmì) cnCetve efJe®eej keÀje³euee nJee. l³ee l³ee Yeeieele keÀesCel³ee Jevemheleer vewmee|iekeÀefjl³ee Jee{t MekeÀleele ³ee®ee meboYe&, hegjeJee ³ee osJeje³ee osleele. ceie heg{®ee he´Mve ³esF&ue keÀer ³ee osJeje³ee keÀesþs DevegYeJelee ³esleerue. ³eemeeþer DeeheCe peJeU®³ee [eWefyeJeueerleerue pesÿ Jevemheleerle%e [e@keÌìj GcesMe cegb[ues ³eebveer kesÀuesu³ee DeY³eemee®eer ceole IesTve l³eebveer ieesUe kesÀuesueer þeCes efpeu¿eeleerue osJe³eeb®eer ³eeoer meesyele pees[ueer Deens. Deelee DeY³eeme l³eebveer yengleebMeer cenejeä^e®ee kesÀuee Deens. ³ee osJejeF&le he´l³e#e peeCes MekeÌ³e veener hejbleg DeefOekeÀ ceeefnleer nJeer Deens l³eebveer Deece®³ee cenejeä^ Je=#e mebJeOe&ve ³ee mebmLes®³ee missiomdevrai@gmail.com ³ee heÊ³eeJej F&cesueÜejs mebheke&À kesÀuee l³eebvee DeefOekeÀ ceeefnleer GheueyOe keÀªve oslee ³esF&ue. meJe& efvemeie&he´sceeRvee SkeÀ®e efJevebleer, meJee¥veer SkeÀ$e ³esTve Deeheu³ee hetJe&peebveer efouesuee Jeejmee, Jemee cnCetve meebYeeUt ³ee. Deeheu³ee heg{®³ee efhe{îeebmeeþer ne efvemeie&þsJee pehet³ee.

Aapala Paryavaran

keÀevne ceOeerue meele Yeefieveer ...

meeleYeeF& ne MeslekeÀN³ee®ee Keje efce$e Deens. efkeÀìkeÀeb®ee HeÀ[Mee hee[tve efhekeÀe®es Yejhetj Glheeove MeslekeÀN³eeuee efceUJetve osCes ns ³ee®es keÀece. IUCN ®³ee ³eeoerle ³ee he#³ee®ee meceeJesMe veener ³ee®ee DeLe& l³eeuee Me$et veener Demee nesle veener. DeveskeÀ efMekeÀejer ³ee he#³eeb v ee peeUer c eO³es hekeÀ[t v e heeUC³eemeeþer efJekeÀleele. keÀenerACT WAKE UP AND peceeleer ³eebvee Keeleelener. DeveskeÀJesUe meeleYeeF&®ee DeKKee LeJee efMekeÀeN³eebvee peeUerceO³es menpe efceUlees.

JevemHeleer Meem$e%e DeeefCe He#eer DeY³eemekeÀ

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

efJeJeskeÀ Dece=les

ceO³e he´osMe ceOeerue keÀevne®³ee Ieveoeì pebieueele SkeÀe Deeblejje<ì^er³e keÀe³e&MeeUsmeeþer le%e, ceeie&oMe&keÀ DeeefCe Je=#e DeY³eemekeÀ cnCetve ceuee Deeceb$eCe Deeues lesJne Peeuesuee Deevebo Meyoele ceeb[Ces kesÀJeU DeMekeÌ³e. pebieue ceuee DeeJe[les les lesLeerue mLeeefvekeÀ Je=#ejepeer®³ee ÞeercebleercegUs. keÀevne®ee J³eeIe´ he´keÀuhe pebieueeuee®e pees[uee Demeu³eecegUs 2074 ®eew.efkeÀceer pebieuee®es mebhetCe& mebj#eCe 106 JeeIe keÀjleele. peJeUheeme 25000 njCeebJej jep³e keÀjCeeje ne pebieue®ee jepee DeeefCe l³ee®es ns JewYeJe heeefnu³eeJej Jev³ehe´sceer ®ekeÀerle keÀe veener nesCeej! keÀevneuee 10 les 16 HesÀye´gJeejer ojc³eeve Yesì osC³ee®ee ceePee ogmeje GÎsMe lesLeerue JeeIe heenC³eehes#ee efJeefJeOe he´keÀej®es he#eer heenC³eele®e peemle neslee. efieOee[,ie´s ne@ve&yeerue heentve ves$e megKeeves le=hle Peeuesues ceePes [esUs MesJeìer Jemeble heb®eceeruee ceeP³ee Keesueermeceesj®e Demeuesu³ee ueneveMee heef#emveeveie=ne peJeU mekeÀeUer cevemeesÊeÀ G[îee ceejle, heeCeer G[Jele mveevee®ee Deevebo IesCeeN³ee meele YeefieveerJej eqmLejeJeues. l³ee®eJesUer he´ ³ eeie®³ee meb i eceeJej keÀes ì îeeJeOeer uees k eÀ kegbÀYecesÈ³eeceOeerue DeKesj®³ee heJee&®es mveeve Iesle nesles. kegbÀYecesÈ³eeceOeerue Meenermveeveehes#eener ³ee meele Yeefieveer®es keÀevne pebieueeceOeerue ns Meener mveeve

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ceuee peemle heefJe$e Jeeìues. ceeleer®³ee jbiee®ee, meeUgbKeer®³ee DeekeÀeje®ee ne he#eer cenejeäêle, he. yebieeueceO³es `meeleYeeF&' cnCetve DeesUKeuee peelees. cee$e ceO³e heósMe, GÊej heósMe, hebpeeyeceO³es ³eeuee `meele yeefnCeer' cnCepes mesJnve efmemìj cnCetve DeesUKeleele. ³ee®es Kejs veeJe `pebieue ye@yeuej' Demes Deens. DeefleMe³e ieeWieeì keÀjCeeje, DeeJeepeeves Flej Meebleleeefhe´³e he#³eebvee meUes keÀer heUes keÀ©ve mees[Ceeje ne he#eer vesnceer 67 eEkeÀJee 10 ®³ee LeJ³eele Dee{Ulees. jeKee[er jbiee®eb iegyeiegyeerle Mejerj, efheJeUer ®ees®e, ieesueekeÀej efHeÀkeÌkeÀì efheJeUs [esUs DeeefCe jsMeceemeejKes ceT hebKe Demeuesuee ne he#eer peefceefveueiele DeLeJee pescelesce 20-25 HegÀìehe³e¥le®e G[t MekeÀlees. Yeejleele ne kegÀþsner nceKeeme efomeCeej®e. pebieuee®³ee keÀeþeuee ceveg<³e JemleerpeJeU, pebieueeceOeerue efjmee@ì&, MenjeceOeerue ceesþceesþîee yeeiee, heeke&À ³esLesner ne Dee{Ulees. meele YeefieveeR®es l³eeb®³ee jbieeJe©ve efJeefJeOe he´keÀej Dee{Uleele, ³eeJe©vener l³eeb®es meele Yeeieele efJeYeepeve kesÀuesues Dee{Ules. meele YeeF& eEkeÀJee meele Yeefieveer ns veecekeÀjCe ³eeJe©ve DemeC³ee®eer peemle MekeÌ³elee Deens. keÀejCe efJeefJeOe jbiemebieleer®es ns meele peCe DeveskeÀJesUe SkeÀ$e Dee{Uleele, efJeMes<ele:

Aapala Paryavaran

ÞeeruebkesÀle nceKeeme®e, cee$e Deeheu³eekeÀ[s jeKee[er jbiee®ee, ieesueekeÀej hebKe , ueebye Mesheìer®ee meeleYeeF& meJe&$e efomelees. ne mLeueeblejerle veener. ®ees®e mejU Demeu³eecegUs ³ee®ee cegK³e Deenej ueneve efkeÀ[s, DeÈ³ee, ueneve HeÀUs, yeer³ee, HegÀueebceOeerue ceOe ne Demelees. ns He#eer JeeIeehećeeCes®e l³eeb®³ee G[C³ee®ee heósMe jeKetve þsJeleele. lesLes keÀesCeer DeeiebletkeÀ he#eer Deeuee keÀer l³eeme Yeb[eJetve mees[leele. efye®eeje DeeheesDeehe efveIetve peelees. ne DeefleMe³e Oeerì he#eer Deens. jbie, DeekeÀej meejKee®e Demeu³eecegUs vej DeeefCe ceeoer DeesUKeCes DeefleMe³e DeJeIe[ Deens. cee$e ceeoer®eer Mesheìer eEkeÀef®ele ueneve ³eeJe©ve le%e DeY³eemekeÀ efleuee DeesUKeleele. meeleYeeF&b®³ee efJeCeer®ee keÀeU lemee Je<e&Yej Demelees. lejerner Sefheúe DeeefCe peguew, mehìWyejceO³es ³ee he#³ee®eer Deb[er nceKeeme Dee{Uleele. pescelesce yeeje Je<e& Dee³eg<³e DemeCeeN³ee ³ee he#³ee®es ³eewve Je<e& leerve®³ee Deemeheeme Demeles. DeesUKeC³eemeeþer meeleYeeF& eEkeÀJee meele yeefnCeer Demeu³eelejer mecegnele vej-ceeoer SkeÀ$e®e Demeleele. DeveskeÀoe ne mecetn onehe³e¥lener peelees. meeleYeeF&ceO³es ceoleveerme he#³eeb®eer GheeqmLeleer HeÀej cenlJee®eer Demeles. SkeÀe®e HeÀeboerJej Jej-Keeueer ns he#eer mecegnele Demeleele. efJeCeer®³ee keÀeUele ceeoer

SkeÀe HeÀeboerJej yemeueer Demelee vej efle®³ee peJeU ³esTve yemelees. cee$e ceeoer efleLetve G[tve iesueer lej leer pees[er nesle veener. pesJne leer meeLeeroejeuee eqmJekeÀejles lesJne Gjuesues 5-6 ceoleveerme ceesþceesþîeeves keÀuekeÀueeì keÀjleele. pees[er peceefJeC³eeceO³es ³ee ceoleefvemeeb®ee HeÀej ceesþe Jeeìe Demelees. cee$e pees[er peceueer veener lej SKeeoîee ceoleveermee®³ee®e ieÈ³eele Jejceeuee he[les. pees[er peceu³eeJej Yejhetj heCe&Yeej Demeuesu³ee Je=#ee®eer efveJe[ nesles DeeefCe Pee[e®³ee ceO³eeJej heeveeb®³ee Dee[esMeele meeleYeeF&®es Iejìs le³eej nesles. yeens©ve efomeCes lemes DeJeIe[®e. Iejìîeele 3-4 efveUmej efnjJeer Deb[er Ieeleueer peeleele. keÀeskeÀerUemegOoe ³ee meJee&bvee ®egkeÀJegve efle®es Deb[s menpe ³ee Iejìîeele mees[les. Deb[er GyeefJeC³ee®es keÀece ceeoer keÀjles. efheueebvee DeVe YejefJeC³ee®es keÀece oesIes efceUtve keÀjleele. ³eeceO³es ceoleveermener DeeIee[erJej Demeleele. efheues ceesþer Peeu³eeJej meeleYeeF&®³ee mecegnele oeKeue nesleele. keÀeueeblejeves l³ee®ee Hegvne veJeerve mecetn le³eej neslees. DeeiebletkeÀ heengC³eeme nekeÀueC³eemeeþer meeleYeeF& SkeÀ$e ³esleele. l³eeuee $eeme nesF&ue FlekeÀe keÀuekeÀueeì keÀjleele DeeefCe heengCee efveIetve iesuee keÀer hegvne ieeWieeì keÀ©ve l³eeuee

keÀmee Guuet yeveefJeuee ³ee®ee Deevebo meepeje keÀjleele. ne he#eer l³ee®es JeveYeespeve DeveskeÀJesUe peefceveerJej®e keÀjlees. meeleYeeF& hewkeÀer SkeÀ peCe Pee[e®³ee ìeskeÀeJej DeLeJee HeÀeboerJej yemetve ìsneUCeer keÀjlees DeeefCe mecegneceOeerue Flej peCe peefceveerJej DeVe efìhele jenleele. efMekeÀejer he#³ee®³ee OeeskeÌ³ee®eer ®eentue ueeieueer keÀer ìsnUCeer keÀjCeeje Flejebvee met®evee oslees DeeefCe meJe&peCe Peg[heeceO³es De¢M³e nesleele. De®eevekeÀ Me$eg meceesj Deeu³eeJej keÀmeueerner neue®eeue ve keÀjlee cesu³ee®es meeWie IesCes ³ee he#³eeuee Kethe®e íeve peceles. meeleYeeF& ne MeslekeÀN³ee®ee Keje efce$e Deens. efkeÀìkeÀeb®ee HeÀ[Mee hee[tve efhekeÀe®es Yejhetj Glheeove MeslekeÀN³eeuee efceUJetve osCes ns ³ee®es keÀece. kegÀie&ceOeerue keÀe@HeÀerJej he[uesu³ee DeUer¢M³e jesiee®ee meeleYeeF& menpeheCes efvecet&ueve keÀjleele ns lesLeerue keÀe@HeÀer ceÈ³eele leepeer keÀe@HeÀer efheleevee ceuee lesLeerue GlheeokeÀeves DeeJepet&ve meebefieleues nesles. IUCN ®³ee ³eeoerle ³ee he#³ee®ee meceeJesMe veener ³ee®ee DeLe& l³eeuee Me$et veener Demee nesle veener. DeveskeÀ efMekeÀejer ³ee he#³eebvee peeUerceO³es hekeÀ[tve heeUC³eemeeþer efJekeÀleele. keÀener peceeleer ³eebvee Keeleelener. DeveskeÀJesUe meeleYeeF&®ee DeKKee LeJee efMekeÀeN³eebvee peeUerceO³es menpe efceUlees. meehe ne ³eeb®ee Me$et. Peg[heele ueheuesues Demeleevee SKeeÐee he#³eeuee meehe menpe hekeÀ[lees. cee$e meehee®eer ®eentue ueeieueer keÀer ns meeleYeeT-yeefnCeer SkeÀe®e JesUer l³ee®³eeJej legìtve he[leele. meeleYeeF&®es SkeÀ JewefMeÿ cnCepes l³eeb®³eehewkeÀer SkeÀpeCe efoJeme je$e l³eeb®³ee LeJ³eeJej henejskeÀN³ee®es keÀece keÀjlees. ns keÀece DeeUerheeUerves Jeeìtve efoues peeles. Menje®³ee yeensj Gb®e Pee[e®³ee Keeue®³ee HeÀebÐeebJej, efJepes®³ee leejebJej meelepeCe SkeÀe DeesUerle yemeuesues ef®e$e legcneme nceKeeme yeIeeJe³eeme efceUt MekeÀles. he#eer DeY³eemeC³eemeeþer leMeer vepej DeeefCe lesJe{s®e he´sce DeeJeM³ekeÀ Deens. meeleYeeF&keÀ[tve DeeheCeeme efkeÀleerlejer ieesäer efMekeÀC³eemeejK³ee Deensle. DeeheCe meJee¥veer l³ee efMekeÀeJ³ee, pebieueele peeTve l³ee®ee DevegYeJe I³eeJee Demes ceuee Jeeìles! legcneuee?

jepeÞeer peesMeer

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

22 15

Aapala Paryavaran

HeÀgueJee

Heeve jbietve ieUeJe³ee....

Debpevee osJemLeUs apalaparyavaran@gmail.com

DeeheCe Je=#e ueeJelees HegÀueeb®³ee jbieebmeeþer. HegÀueb ³esleele lesJne meieUb JeeleeJejCe l³eeb®³ee jbieebveer peerJeble nesleb. heCe, ne keÀeU HeÀej®e leeskeÀ[e Demelees. l³ee Gueì heeveeb®³ee jbieebvee pej yeIeeue lej les melele yeoueleele. ®ew$eele eEkeÀJee heeJemeeÈ³eele ³esCeejer veJeerve heeueJeer, DeeefCe keÀeueeblejeves JeeUtve ieUCeejer heeveb... meieÈ³ee jbiee®³ee íìe Demeleele. ¿ee ieUCeeN³ee heeveeb®³ee jbiee®eb jnm³e Gueie[C³ee®ee he´³elve keÀ©³ee. DecesefjkeÀe, ³egjesheceO³es Fall colours yeIee³euee he³e&ìkeÀ GÊejskeÀ[s cegÎece peeleele. DeveskeÀ ceesþîee Heeveeb®³ee Je=#eeb®es, efJeMes<ele: `cesheue'b®eer heeveb ieUleevee Jes i eJes i eÈ³ee jb i eele veìleele. Deeheu³eekeÀ[s `osMeer yeoece' Je=#eeuee, Indian Maple Demes veeJe efoues Deens. keÀejCe efnJeeÈ³eele ¿ee®eer heeveb FlekeÀer megboj ueeue®egìtkeÀ nesTve ieUleele. cegÎece ³ee Je=#eekeÀ[s l³ee®eer ieUCeejer heeveb yeIee³euee peeJeb. (`keÀ®eje neslees' DeMeer le¬eÀej keÀ© ve³es.) ®ew$eeleueer, heeJemeeÈ³eeleueer veJeerve heeueJeer, hekeÌJe nesles DeeefCe Je=#e efnjJesieej nesleele. heeJemeeUe mebhelees, heeC³ee®eer leCeleCe Yeemet ueeieles. heeþesheeþ G<Celee keÀceer nesTve efMeefMej GieJelees. leesJej heeveb petve Peeueer Demeleele DeeefCe efnjJ³ee jbiee®es ©heeblej

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

efheJeUîee, kesÀMejer, ueeuemej jbieele Peeuesues Demeles. heeveieU mecepetve I³ee³euee Je=#eeb®³ee Jee{er®eb ®e¬eÀ peje mecepegve IesT³ee. heeveb Devve le³eej keÀ©ve les yegbO³eele meeþJetve þsJeleele. efnJeeÈ³eele heeveb ieUleele. Je=#e meghle DeJemLesle Demeleele. pemepeMeer JeeleeJejCeele G<Celee Jee{t ueeieles lemelemes meghle keÀeWye HegÀìt ueeieleele. keÀener JesUe DeeOeer HegÀueb, ceie heeueJeer, lej keÀOeer oesvner HegÀìleele. keÀesJeÈ³ee heeueJeer®es iegueeyeer-ueeuemej jbie yeouele heeveb efnjJeer nesleele. heeveb cnCepes Pee[eb®ee Devve le³eej keÀjC³ee®ee keÀejKeevee. cegUebletve Mees<euesueb heeCeer DeeefCe #eej, keÀeye&ve[e³e Dee@keÌmeeF&[ DeeefCe meg³e&he´keÀeMeele he´keÀeMemebMues<eCe keÀ©ve Devve le³eej keÀjleele. heeveeleueb njerle êJ³e cnCepes chlorophyll. Pee[e®³ee Jee{er®³ee keÀeUele Devve Jeehejueb peeleb DeeefCe meghleeJemLesle meeþJeueb peeleb. GvneUe, heeJemeeUe mejuee keÀer efoJeme nUtnUt ueneve nesT ueeielees DeeefCe je$e ceesþer. Pee[b efoJemee®³ee ueebyeeruee Kethe mebJesoveMeerue Demeleele. DeMee JesUer osþepeJeU®³ee hesMeer SkeÀ Lej le³eej keÀjleele p³eeme, “Abscission layer” cnCeleele. ³ee LejecegUs heeveebceOes le³eej Peeuesueb DeVe HeÀebÐeebkeÀ[s peeT MekeÀle veener. lemes®e heeC³ee®ee DeeefCe #eejeb®ee heeveebkeÀ[®ee he´Jeemener Leebyelees DeeefCe efnjJ³ee heeveebvee efJejefÊeÀ®ee jbie ®e{lees.

22 18

nefjle êJ³eecegUs heeveeleues Flej jbieerle êJ³e J³eÊeÀ nesT MekeÀle veener. nefjle êJ³e veenermes Peeues keÀer Flej jbie efomet ueeieleele. efheJeUe jbie xanthophylls, kesÀMejer jbie Carotenoi heeveele o[uesues Demeleele. petve heeveebceOes keÀener hećeeCeele Meke&Àje Gjuesueer Demeles. l³eeletve ueeue-peebYeUe jbie Anthocyanin efvecee&Ce neslees. nUtnUt osþe®³ee yeg[eMeer le³eej Peeuesuee Lej DeeCeKeerve Jee{lees DeeefCe heeveb ieUe³euee megjJeele nesles. JeeN³ee®eer nuekeÀerMeer PegUtkeÀ Deeueer keÀer heeveb YejkeÀve he[leele. efnjJeer heeveb cees[ueer keÀer Pee[ebvee Fpee nesles. êJe-®eerkeÀ heePejlees. hekeÌJe heeveb ieUleele lesJne Demes nesle veener. peJeU-peJeU meieUer heeveb DeMeer ieUleele keÀener ef®eJeì Demeleele, leer leie Oe©ve jenleele. heCe, l³eeb®³eeleues efheJeUs, ueeue êJ³e nefjle êJ³eehećeeCes mebheleele DeeefCe heeveele Gjleele HeÀÊeÀ Tannins, pes ceUkeÀì jbiee®es Demeleele. Deeheu³eekeÀ[s osefKeue heeveieUer®es KetHe Je=#e Deensle. heCe, Deeheu³eeuee Autumn colours ®es Demes megboj jbie keÀe yejb efomele veener? l³ee®eer DeveskeÀ keÀejCeb Deensle. leeheceeve, meg³e&he´keÀeMe, peefceveerleerue DeesueeJee ³eeJej jbieeb®eer efvee|celeer DeJeuebyetve Demeles. ieUC³ee®ee Lej le³eej Peeu³eeJej pej Yejhetj met³e&he´keÀeMe DeeefCe leeheceeve keÀceer Demesue, lej nefjleêJ³e ueJekeÀj mebheleb. je$eer®eb leeheceeve Kethe Leb[ Demesue DeeefCe efoJemee he´keÀeMe peemle Demesue lej ueeue jbie DeefOekeÀ Keguelees. heCe yeHe&À he[e³euee ueeieuee keÀer jbieefvee|celeer®eer heéf¬eÀ³ee ueies®e keÀesuece[les. heeveeb®³ee Glejleer®³ee keÀeUeleues GÊece jbie efvecee&Ce Jne³euee ®eebieuee heeTme, ceie keÀesj[s-Leb[, Yejhetj meg³e&he´keÀeMee®es efoJeme DemeeJesle. heCe, pej SJe{s meieUs Peeu³eeJejner JeeoUerJeeje eEkeÀJee heeTme he[uee lej jbiee®ee yesjbie®e neslees. peieYejele JeeleeJejCe JesieUs Demeu³eecegUs heeveebceOes jbieefvee|celeer JesieUer Demeles DeeefCe l³eeb®³ee heóMe&vee®ee keÀeueeJeOeerner keÀceer-peemle nesle Demelees. Deeheu³eekeÀ[s lej yejs®e meoenefjle Je=#e Deensle. pemes Deebyee, HeÀCeme, peebYetU, mehleheCeea ¿eeb®es SkeÀ-SkeÀ heeve ieUleb DeeefCe DeveskeÀ JesUe heeC³eeDeYeeJeer heeveb DeJesUer ieUleele. l³eeletvener Gþtve efomelees lees òsMeer yeoece'!

Aapala Paryavaran

nesUer : he³ee&JejCe DeeefCe efJe%eeve ³egefÊeÀ³egÊebÀ Je®ees ieé¿eb yeeueeoefhe MegkeÀeoefhe ~ De³egÊeÀceefhe ve ieé¿eb mee#eeoefhe ye=nmhelesë ? DeLee&le, p³ee JeekeÌ³eeceeies eEkeÀJee ieesäeRceO³es keÀener DeLe& DeeefCe keÀejCe Demesue DeMeer Je®eves pej yeeuekeÀekeÀ[tve eEkeÀJee Deieoer heesheìekeÀ[tve osKeerue Deeueer lejer l³eebJej efJeéeeme þsJeeJee eEkeÀJee l³ee Deelcemeele keÀjeJ³eele, hejbleg p³ee efJeOeeveebvee keÀener DeLe& eEkeÀJee keÀejCe veener, leer ye=nmheleeRkeÀ[tve pejer Deeueer Demeueer lejer leer ieńCe keÀª ve³es. Deeheu³ee Gheefve<eoebceO³es, hegjeCeeceO³es Demes yejs®e meboYe& meehe[leele, pesDeeheu³eeuee meO³ee®³ee keÀeUele Deieoer ®eheKeue yemet MekeÀleele. GoenjCe®e Ðee³e®eb Peeueb, lej Deeheues meCe ®e I³ee vee, hetJee&heej pemes meebefieleues iesues Deensle, lemes®³ee lemes DeeheCe Je<ee&vegJe<ex meepejs keÀjlees³e, heCe l³ee ceeie®eer keÀejCeb, l³ee ceeie®eb efJe%eevepeeCegve I³ee³e®ee keÀOeer he´³elve kesÀuee Deens keÀe? Deieoer peJeU®e ³esT Ieeleuesueer nesUer®e hene vee. nesUer uee Yeejleer³e mebmke=Àleer ceO³es SkeÀ cenlJee®eb mLeeve Deens. Yeejle ne SkeÀ ke=Àef<eheÓeeve osMe Deens, DeeefCe lees Mesleermeeþer heeJemeeJej meJe&mJeer DeJeuebyetve Deens. ³ee heeJemee®es {ie meeOeejCe cee®e& ceefnv³ee®³ee Deemeheeme yevee³euee megjJeele nesleele DeeefCe nesUer efn ³ee®e megceejeme ³esles. ye´³ee®e efþkeÀeCeer hesìJeuesu³ee nesÈ³eebcegUs JeeleeJejCee®es leeheceeve Jee{tve keÀceer oeyee®ee heÆe efvecee&Ce neslees DeeefCe yee<he Demeuesues Jeejs mecegêekeÀ[tve peefceveerkeÀ[s Jeenleele, lemes®e, {ieeb®³ee GlheÊeeruee

ÒeCeesleer KeeveesuekeÀj uesefKekeÀe efJeÐeeefJenej ³esLeerue kesÀ.pes. meesce³³ee DeefYe³eebef$ekeÀer ceneefJeÐeeue³eele He³ee&JejCe efMe#eCee®³ee ÒeeO³eeefHekeÀe Deensle.

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

ueeieCeejs met#ce keÀCe osKeerue nesUerletve hegjJeues peeleele DeeefCe {ieeb®³ee GlheÊeer®ee Jesie Jee{JeC³eeme ceole nesles. ³eecegUs heeTme ueJekeÀj ³esC³eeme neleYeej ueeielees. ner Deelee Deeheu³ee hegJe&peeb®eer ®eueeKeer cnCeeJeer, keÀer ³eesiee³eesie ns meebielee ³esCeb peje keÀþerCe Deens. Depetve SkeÀ cegÎe Demee keÀer, nesUer ne efnJeeUe DeeefCe GvneUe ³eeb®³ee ceOeu³ee meb¬eÀceCee®³ee keÀeUele ³esCeeje meCe. ³ee®e keÀeUele Deeheues Mejerj osKeerue efvemeiee&le nesCeeN³ee ³ee yeoueebMeer pegUJetve IesC³ee®ee he´³elve keÀjle Demeles. cnCetve®e DeefOekeÀ Peeshe ueeieCes, Deepeejer he[Ces, DeeUme DeMeer ue#eCeb efometve ³esleele. heCe nesUer®³ee Deemeheeme Demeuesueer G<Celee DeeefCe peesjpeesjele yeeWyee ceejCes, vee®e ieeCeer keÀjCes ³eeb®ee SkeÀef$ele heefjCeece nesTve Deeheu³ee Mejerjeleerue neceexvme cnCepes®e mebhe´sjkeÀs Gooerefhele nesleele DeeefCe Mejerj ³esCeeN³ee yeoueebvee pegUJetve IesC³eemeeþer meppe nesles, DeeefCe DeeUme efveIetve peelees. nesUer heewe|Cecesveblej hee®eJ³ee efoJeMeer ³esles, leer jbieheb®eceer. jbieeveer mepeuesu³ee ³ee meCee®ee Keje DeLe& ne ³ee jbieebntve osKeerue DeekeÀ<e&keÀ Deens. ³ee JesieJesieÈ³ee jbieebcegUs Mejerjeleerue JesieJesieUer Gpee&®e¬esÀ meef¬eÀ³e nesleele. hetJeea®³ee keÀeUer ns jbie vewmee|iekeÀefjl³ee JevemHeleerb®³ee efJeefJeOe YeeieebHeemetve yeveJeues peele. ³ee JevemHeleerb®es Deew<eOeer iegCeOece& DeesUKetve ns jbie yeveJeues peele. pemes, heUmee®³ee HegÀueebheemetve yeveJeuesuee jbieeceO³es, DeBefìhee³ejsefìkeÀ

cnCepes®e G<Celee Mees<etve IesCeejs IeìkeÀ Demeleele, lej lesmet HegÀueebcegUs lJe®ee efveleU nesles. jÊeÀ®ebove, yesmeve, nUo ³eeb®es iegCeOece& lej Deeheu³ee meieÈ³eebvee ceeefnle®e Deensle. ogozJeeves ne vewmeefie&keÀ Jeejmee efJemeªve DeeHeCe iesu³ee DeveskeÀ Je<ee¥Heemetve jemee³eefvekeÀ jbieeb®ee JeeHej nesUer KesUleevee keÀª ueeieuees. Hejbleg l³ee®es He³ee&JejCe DeeefCe ceeveJeer MeefjjeJej nesCeejs iebYeerj og<HeefjCeece ue#eele Deeu³eeJej Hegvne SkeÀoe HeejbHeeefjkeÀ vewmeefie&keÀ jbie JeeHejC³eekeÀ[s ueeskeÀeb®ee keÀue Jee{t ueeieuee Deens. ner Kethe Deeveboe®eer yeeye Deens. cnCetve®e l³ee pegv³ee he×leer JeeHejC³ee®eer keÀejCes DeeefCe GÊejs MeesOetve, meO³ee®³ee heefjeqmLeleerhe´ceeCes l³eele DeeJeM³ekeÀ yeoue keÀªve veJ³eeves ns®e meCe meepejs keÀjC³eele Keje Deevebo Deens. keÀejCe, meg©Jeeleeruee cnìu³eehe´ c eeCes Deeb O eUs h eCeeves iees ä er mJeerkeÀejC³eehes#ee [esUmeheCes l³eeb®ee DeY³eeme keÀªve ceie l³ee Deelcemeele kesÀu³ee, lej heg{®³ee efhe{erle osKeerue ns®e mebmkeÀej DeeheCe ©peJet MeketÀ. MeeMJele peerJeveMewueer ner®e lej Deens. efpeLes, DeeheCe ke=Àef$ece jbie DeeefCe hueeeqmìkeÀ Jeeheªve efvemeiee&®eer neveer ve nesT oslee, efvemeiee&Meer mecejme nesTve l³ee®³ee yeoueebvee meeceesjs peelees. ³eeJe<eea DeMeer nesUer meepejer keÀªve hene, ceuee Kee$eer Deens, legcneuee efveeq½ele Deevebo efceUsue, DeeefCe l³eentve cenlJee®eb, meceeOeeve. DeeefCe nes, heeC³ee®ee Jeehej cee$e peje yesleeves.

jbie

yeveJeC³ee®eer ke=Àleer

iegueeyeer

heUmee®eer HegÀues eEkeÀJee keÀebÐee®³ee heekeÀÈ³ee je$eYej heeC³eele efYepele þsJeeJ³eele. les jbieerle heeCeer cnCetve Jeeheª MekeÀlees. (Mejerjeleerue G<Celee yeensj he[e³euee GÊece Ghee³e)

ueeue

jÊeÀ®ebovee®eer HeeJe[j DeeefCe yesmeve eEkeÀJee leebogUe®eb Heerþ SkeÀ$e keÀjeJes.

efheJeUe

nUo DeeefCe yesmeve SkeÀ$e keÀjeJeer. ³eele Lees[erMeer cegueleeveer efceÆer osKeerue Ieeuet MekeÀlee

peebYeUe

yeerìe®ee jme keÀe{tve l³eele keÀefCekeÀ (eEkeÀJee cewoe) efYepeJee³e®eer. l³ee®es ®eheì Demes ieesUs keÀªve les Gvnele JeeUJee. hetCe&heCes JeeUJetve keÀesj[s Peeu³eeJej, efcekeÌmej ceO³es heeJe[j meejKee ®egje keÀje.

keÀeUe

S@eqkeÌìJnsìs[ ®eejkeÀesue (cesef[keÀueceO³es menpe GheueyOe Deens) ®ee Jeehej keÀje.

Flej keÀesCelesner jbie nJ³ee Demeuesu³ee keÀesCel³ee efn jbiee®es FDA he´ceeefCele KeeC³ee®es jbie IesTve efyeìehe´ceeCes l³ee jbiee®eer heeJe[j yeveJelee ³esles.

22 19

Jejerue jbieeceO³es, yesmeve eEkeÀJee leebogUe®eer heeJe[j yeeFbeE[ie®es keÀece keÀjleele.

Aapala Paryavaran

HegÀueHeeKejeb®³ee peieele... [eke&À Heece [eì& Meem$eer³e veeJe ìsueerkeÀesìe yeecyegmeer nsmHesjer[er kegÀue nsmHesjerveer GHekegÀue HegÀueHeeKejeb®³ee MeesOeele pebieueele efHeÀjle Demeleebvee SkeÀe Peg[gHee®³ee efnjJ³ee HeeveeJej SkeÀ efHeJeÈ³ee-leHeefkeÀjer jbiee®es uenevemes HegÀueHeeKe© yemeuesues efomeles. mekeÀeU®³ee met³e&ÒekeÀeMeeves vneTve efveIeeuesu³ee Peg[gHee®³ee Heeveeb®³ee efnjJ³ee jbieeJej les efJejesOeer jbiemebieleerves HegÀueHeeKe© Gþtve efomele nesles. oyekeÌ³ee HeeJeueeveb ®eeuele peJeU iesuees. Heeefnueb lej les nesles SkeÀ efmkeÀHej ÒekeÀejeleues HegÀueHeeKe© ! HebKe GIe[tve les met³e&mveeve keÀjle nesles. l³ee®es ceeieerue HebKe peefceveeruee meceeblej GIe[ues nesles Je Hegef{ue HebKe l³eevee keÀeìkeÀesveele GYes kesÀues nesles. ceOetve ceOetve les HebKe efkebÀ®eerle keÀueles keÀjle nesles. Deieoer Deejeceele met³e&mveeve ®eeuet nesles. efmkeÀHej ieìeleerue HegÀueHeeKejs ueneve Demeleele Je cegK³elJes ieo& Jee Yegjer leHeefkeÀjer jbiee®eer Demeu³eeves leMeer HeÀejMeer DeekeÀ<e&keÀ vemeleele. DeHeJeeo cnCetve keÀener JesieUs jbie DemeCeeN³eeb efmkeÀHeme&HewkeÀer ns SkeÀ nesles. peJeU peeTve efvejKetve Heeefnu³eeJej DeekeÀejeves ueneveKegjb Je efHeJeÈ³ee DeeCeer ieo& leHeefkeÀjer jbiee®es ns HegÀueHeeKe© [eke&À Heece [eì& nesles. ³ee®³ee HebKeeb®ee efJemleej 33 les 36 efceefce Demelees.

cekeÀjbo kegÀuekeÀCeea

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

Hesue Heece [eì& ³ee HegÀueHeeKejeMeer ³ee®es meec³e Demeles. oesvnerceOeeruee HeÀjkeÀ kesÀJeU GIe[îee HebKeebJe©ve keÀjlee ³eslees. ³ee®³ee yebo HebKeeb®ee jbie ceelekeÀì HeerJeUe Demetve þUkeÀ Je Kee$eer®³ee DeesUKe KegCee DeMee keÀener vemeleele.ieo& leHeefkeÀjer keÀeUmej GIe[îee HebKeeJej ceelekeÀì efHeJeÈ³ee jbiee®es ueebyegUkesÀ efþHekesÀ Je efMeje Demeleele. leHeefkeÀjer jbiee®³ee HebKeeJejerue efHeJeÈ³ee efMeje HebKee®³ee keÀ[sHe³e¥le peele veenerle, ne®e ³eele Je Hesue Heece [ekeÀ& ceOeuee cegK³e HeÀjkeÀ Demelees. ³eeJe©ve®e l³ee®eer DeesUKe HeìJelee ³esles. [esUs Je mHeefMe&keÀe keÀeÈ³ee jbiee®³ee Demeleele. mHeefMe&keÀeb®eer ìeskesÀ keÀeÈ³ee jbiee®eer Je ntkeÀme¢M³e Demeleele. met³e&mveeve keÀjleebvee Hegef{ue HebKe ceeieerue HebKeeMeer keÀeìkeÀesveele Demeleele. DeveskeÀoe ns HebKe keÀueles keÀ©ve met³ee&®eer efkeÀjCes meJee¥ieeuee efceUleerue Demes Heeefnues peeles. efJeÞeebleer Iesleebvee HebKe yebo keÀ©ve yemeleele. DeMee JesUer HebKeeb®³ee Keeue®³ee yeepet®ee efHeJeUmej veeef j b i eer - leHeef k eÀjer jb i e ef o melees . þUkeÀ DeesUKeKegCee vemeu³eeves HeÀkeÌle l³eeJe©ve®e DeesUKe DeMeer HeìJelee ³esle veener. Deesuemej pebieueeleerue ìskeÀ[îeeb®es ÒeosMe, Pee[er Demeuesues Heþejer ÒeosMe les keÀenermes keÀesj[s ÒeosMe DeMee DeveskeÀ ÒekeÀej®³ee DeefOeJeemeele ³ee HegÀueHeeKejeb®ee Dee{U Demelees. GvneÈ³eeleerue cee®e& Je SefÒeue DeeefCe peguew les veesJnWyej ³ee HeeJemeeUe Je veblej®³ee keÀeueeJeOeerle leer efomeleele. HeÀej ueebyeJej veener HeCe mLeeefvekeÀjerl³ee mLeueeblej keÀjleele. G·eCe JesieJeeve Demeles. pebieueeleerue Kegu³ee Yeeieele, jml³ee®³ee keÀ[suee mekeÀeU®³ee JesUer met³e&mveeve keÀjleebvee ns HegÀueHeeKe© efomeles. peemle keÀ©ve Peg[gHeebJej met³e&mveeve keÀjleebvee yemeuesueer leer efomeleele. Lees[e JesU HebKe GIe[tve HegjsMeer Gpee& efceUeueer keÀer G[tve peeleele. HeCe DeveskeÀoe G[eu³eeJej les efHeÀ©ve efleLes®e efkebÀJee peJeUHeeme ³esTve yemeles. met³e&mveevee®³ee JesUer HebKe GIe[tve yemele Demeueer lejer efveJJeU efJeÞeebleer Iesleevee HebKe efceìtve I³ee³e®eer ³eeb®eer Kees[ Deens. DeMeeJesUer cee$e DeeHeu³eeuee les keÀOeer HebKe GIe[sue

pe³eble YeesF&j

³ee®eer Òeefle#ee keÀjeJeer ueeieles. Flej efmkeÀHej HegÀueHeeKejebÒeceeCes ³eeueener ceOegÒeeMevee®eer DeeJe[ Deens. DeMeeJesUer HegÀueeJej yemeleebvee HebKe DeOe&Jeì GIe[tve Je ieesueieesue efHeÀ©ve leer ceOegÒeeMeve keÀjle Demeleele. ceOegÒeeMevee®eer ner DeeJe[ Demeu³eeves jeveHegÀueeb®³ee Je ueneve DeekeÀeje®³ee HegÀueeb®³ee HejeieerYeJeveele l³eeb®ee GHe³eesieer efkeÀìkeÀ cnCetve ceoleveer m e ef k eÀìkeÀeb c eOes meceeJes M e nes l ees . ceOegÒeeMeveeefMeJee³e He#eeb®³ee efJeÿsJejmegOoe les DeVeÒeeMeve keÀjle Demeleele. efJe<þe Deesuemej vemesue lej Mejerje®³ee ceeieerue Yeeieeletve l³eeJej HeeC³ee®ee LeWye ìeketÀve efJeÿe Deesueer kesÀueer peeles. DeMee Deesu³ee efJe<þsletve meWêer³e HeoeLe& Je #eejeb®es mesJeve kesÀues peeleele. Yeejleele ner HegÀueHeeKejs yeebyet®eer ueeieJe[ Demesue DeMee Menjer Je efveceMenjer Yeeieele, mecegêefkeÀveeN³eeueiele®³ee Yeeieele, ìskeÀ[îeeb®³ee ÒeosMeele Deieoer leUeMeer Jee Gb®eerJejmegOoe Dee{Uleele. YeejleeefMeJee³e Yeejleer³e GHeKeb[ele leer HeeefkeÀmleeve, vesHeeU, Yetleeve, c³eeveceej, yeebiueeosMe Je ÞeeruebkeÀe ³ee osMeele Dee{Uleele. ner HegÀueHeeKejs yeebyet (Bambusa spp), Jesle (Calamus spp), Yeele efHekesÀ (Oryaza spp), Tme (Saccharum officinarum), veejU (Cocos nucifera), otYe ieJele (Imperata cylindrica), keÀefceme ieJele (Saccharum spontaneum) DeMee JevemHeleeRJej Deb[er osleele.

Aapala Paryavaran

... ieeCes he#³eeb®es MesveeUs®³ee osJejeF&ceOeerue keÀe³ece®eer HesÀjer vesnceer®e ceuee SkeÀ JesieÈ³ee mJeiee&le IesTve peeles. ³eboe®³ee heeJemeeÈ³eele `efleyeesìer Keb[îee' ³ee he#³ee®es efvejer#eCe keÀjC³eemeeþer oesveleerve efoJeme osJejeF&le®e þeCe ceeb[tve neslees. ceeP³eemeesyele ceePee menkeÀejer DevegheosKeerue neslee. jefJeJeej®eer leer mekeÀeU DepetveosKeerue ceuee DeeþJeles ³ee®eb keÀejCe cnCepes SkeÀ®e he#eer `MeerUkeÀjer keÀmlegj'. ³eeuee `heJe&lekeÀmlegj` cnCetvemegOoe mebyeesOeueb peeleb. keÀejCe ³ee®eb JeemleJ³e ns keÀ[skeÀheejerlegve JeenCeeN³ee íesìîee-ceesþîee veeu³eebceO³es Demeles. FbeqiueMeceO³es ³eeuee `Malabar whistling thrush' Demeb cnCeleele.

leg<eej YeesF&j

jefJeJeej®eer leer heneì ³ee heÇîeeves l³ee®³ee ceOegj DeeJeepeeves Deieoer ceb$ecegiOe keÀªve ìekeÀueer. ceeCemee®³ee efMeÆerhes#ee DeefOekeÀ heìerveb mheä DeeefCe peyejomle DemeCeeN³ee ³ee efMeÆerves ceuee efJe®eej keÀje³euee ueeJeuee keÀer Kejb®e he#eer ieeCes ieeleele keÀe? ³eeb®³ee ieeC³eeuee Kejb®e keÀener DeLe& Demesue keÀe? les ³ee ieeC³eebceOetve Kejb®e Deeheu³eemeejKes yeesuele Demeleerue keÀe? ns meJe& he´Mve ceeP³ee ceveeJej Deieoer efíVeermeejKes IeeJe Ieeuele nesles. DeeefCe ³ee meJe& he´Mveeb®eer GÊejs keÀener uesKe Jee®etve DeeefCe ceeP³ee efvejer#eCeeletve ceuee meehe[le iesueer. Yeejleeuee he´®eb[ pewJeefJeefJeefOeles®eer osCeieer ueeYeuesueer Deens. yengleskeÀ he´eCeer Deeheues DeefOeJeeme oMe&efJeC³eemeeþer keÀener KegCee keÀªve þsJeleele. JeeIe ³ee he´eC³eeceO³es ner efJeMes<elee menpeheCes heene³euee efceUles. ³eeuee `Territory marking' Demeb cnCeleele. he#eerner KegCee Deeheu³ee ieeC³eeletve J³eÊeÀ keÀjleele. les Deeheu³ee vejeuee eEkeÀJee ceeoeruee DeekeÀe|<ele keÀjC³eemeeþer ieeleele. les Deeheu³ee ieeC³eeletve SkeÀceskeÀebMeer yeesueleele. SKeeÐee OeeskeÌ³ee®eer met®evee Deeheu³ee meJebie[îeevee osC³eemeeþer les DeeJeepe keÀjleele. keÀener he#eer SkeÀ®e ieeCeb efceueve DeeefCe ìsefjìesjer ceee\keÀiemeeþer Jeehejleele. lej keÀener oesvnermeeþer JesieÈ³ee he´keÀej®eb ieeleele.

he#eer ns ieeleelemeg×e DeeefCe Deesj[leeleosKeerue. ceie ³eele vescekeÀe HeÀjkeÀ keÀe³e? ieeCes cnCepes SkeÀmeejKes DeeJeepe melele keÀe{le jenCeb eEkeÀJee JesieJesieUs DeeJeepe Deieoer ueebyehe³e¥le keÀe{le jenCeb. ieeCeb ns efceueve DeeefCe DeefOeJeeme oMe&efJeC³eemeeþer cnCeueb peeleb. Deesj[Ceb ns SkeÀoe®e eEkeÀJee SkeÀ®e DeeJeepe LeebyetveLeebyetve keÀe{uee peelees. les yengleskeÀJesUe OeeskeÌ³ee®³ee JesUer eEkeÀJee G[le Demeleevee DevegYeJee³euee efceUles. he#eer DeeefCe l³eeb®³ee DeefOeJeemee®eer peeieener DeeheCe peleve keÀje³euee®e heeefnpes. he#eer ns he³ee&JejCe yeoueeb®es GÊece oMe&keÀ Deensle DeeefCe ³ee oMe&keÀeb®es DeeqmlelJe veä nesC³ee®eb keÀejCe cnCepes pebieuelees[. ³ee iees[ ieeCeeN³ee he#³eebvee Jee®eJeC³eemeeþer pebieuelees[ Leebyee³euee heeefnpes. DeeefCe SkeÀoe keÀe ns meeO³e Peeueb keÀer ceie jefJeJeej®e keÀe³e DeMee efkeÀleerlejer mekeÀeU ceb$ecegiOe DeeJeepeeves megª nesleerue.

íe³eeef®e$e ë DevegHe peeOeJe

JeveMeem$e ceneefJeÐeeue³e oeheesueer

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

Aapala Paryavaran

JeeIee®eb meneJeb Fbefê³e : HeÌuesncesve [ermeHues

JeeIe OeceWê mecepetve Iesleevee Keb[eue

`ìe³eiej Jee@®e' leHexÀ Jev³epeerJe mebJeOe&vee®eer DeeJe[ DemeCeeN³eebmeeþer SkeÀ

DeeþJe[eYeje®eer keÀe³e&MeeUe ®eeueJeueer peeles. SkeÀe keÀe³e&MeeUsleerue menYeeieeRyejesyej meHeÀejerJej iesuees Demeleevee SkeÀ JeeIeesyee HeÌuesncesve [ermeHues (Flehman Display) keÀjleevee efomeuee. les yeIetve SkeÀ ÒeefMe#eCeeLeea cnCeeuee, ne JeeIe Pee[e®ee Jeeme Ieslees³e DeeefCe nmelees³e. HeCe ogmeje Lees[e DevegYeJeer menYeeieer cnCeeuee keÀer, veener lemeb veener³es. lees JeeIe ogmeN³ee JeeIeeves kesÀuesu³ee ceg$ee®ee Jeeme Iesle Deens. ³eeuee `HeÌuesncesve efjmHee@vme' cnCeleele. ³eeJej Heefnu³ee®ee ÒeefleÒeMve, ceie lees Jeeme IesTve nmelees³e keÀe? ³eeJej meieUs®e De®eby³eele He[ues. keÀejCe JeeIeeves Jeeme Iesleu³eeveblej lees ueies®e DeeHeuee Jej®ee Deesþ GIe[tve, ceerMee neueJetve, veekeÀ Jej keÀ©ve, oele oeKeJetve nmeu³eemeejKes leeW[ keÀjle neslee. JeeIe lej nmeu³eemeejKee®e efomele neslee. ³eeJej ceeP³eekeÀ[sner keÀener®e GÊej veJnleb. lesJe{îeele Deece®³ee keÀe³e&MeeUsle GHeefmLele Demeuesues HeMetJewÐe [e@. yee®eervle yeerj meeRie Heg{s Deeues Je cnCeeues ns `mveerHeÀeRie' meejKeb Deens. JeeIe veekeÀeSsJepeer leeW[eves nJee DeeleceOes Ieslees HeÌuesncesve Òeef¬eÀ³ee ner ®eJe DeeefCe Jeeme ³ee ceOeueer Deens. JeeIe ÒeLece Jeeme Hemejuesu³ee peeiesuee ngbielees.. lees FkeÀ[s Deece®³ee SkeÀe Glmeener menYeeieerves JeeIee®eer vekeÌkeÀue keÀ©ve DeeHeuebner leeW[ Jeeme l³ee®³ee Hemebleeruee Glejuee lej®e lees DeeHeu³ee veekeÀHeg[îeebveer Ieslees. Jes[sJeekeÀ[b keÀ©ve oeKeJeueb. `Demee Jeeme IesCeb legcneuee DeeJe[sue?' [e@. yeef®evle ceeCemeeueceOesner ®eJe DeeefCe Jeeme ³eeceOeueb ns meneJeb Fbefê³e nesleb. HeCe l³ee®ee GHe³eesie ve ³eeb®³ee ³ee ÒeMveeves SkeÀ®e nem³ekeÀuueesU Peeuee DeeefCe Deece®eer meHeÀejer Heg{s Peeu³eeves Gl¬eÀebleerceOes les veenermeb Peeueb. mejkeÀueer....

jCeLebyeesj J³eeIe´ ÒekeÀuHee®ee peJeUpeJeU 50ìkeÌkesÀ Yeeie ne keÀe³eueeosJeer Jev³epeerJe DeYe³eejC³eeves J³eeHeuesuee Deens. FLeues cegK³e jefnJeemeer cnCepes iegpe&j. ceeP³ee megjJeeleer®³ee FLeu³ee YesìeRceOes ceuee SkeÀ ceeskeÀUs ceesþs Heþej DeeefCe l³ee®³ee ceOeesceOe SkeÀ ceveesje DeeefCe SkeÀ neleHebHe Dee{Utve Deeuee neslee. les SkeÀ ieJeleeU ceeUjeve Demeu³eecegUs SKeeo-ogmej®e ceesþb Pee[ nesleb. peJeU®³ee®e `mebkeÀe[e' ieeJeeleu³ee ceeP³ee menkeÀeN³eeuee efJe®eejueb, ³ee ceeUjeveeJej ne neleHebHe keÀmee? keÀesCe JeeHejlees³e lees? l³eeves meebefieleueb, efleLes ³esCeeN³ee Oeveiejeb®ee lees De·e Deens. efJeÞeebleer®eb efþkeÀeCe Deens, `ces[ keÀer KeerjkeÀe[er' DeeefCe l³ee ceveesN³ee®eb mLeeefvekeÀ veeJe Deens `ceeuee'. efleLes yemetve leesHeÀ ®eeueJeueer peeles.

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

keÀe³eueeosJeer DeYe³eejC³eeleuee peerJeIesCee `nÎ'Jeeo... ner KetHe Je<ee&bHetJeer&®eer iees<ì Demesue ns ceveele Oeªve ceer efJe®eejueb, FLes MesJeì®eer leesHeÀ keÀOeer JeeHejueer iesueer? lesJne GÊej efceUeueb `10-11 Je<ee&bHetJeea!' l³ee®³ee GÊejeves ceer DeJeekeÀd Peeuees. 21 J³ee MelekeÀelener jepemLeeveceOeu³ee SkeÀe otjJej®³ee Kes[îeele leesHeÀ ®eeueJeueer peeles? ceer DeefOekeÀ Keesueele peeTve ®eewkeÀMeer kesÀueer keÀer kegÀCeemeeþer leesHeÀ?

efceUeuesu³ee GÊejeves ceer nleyeue Peeuees. ``[eketÀb®³ee ìesUîee DeeefCe ogmeN³ee ieeJeeleues Oeveiej ¿ee ceeUjeveeJej keÀypee keÀjleele. l³ee oes I eeb c eOeu³ee ef n b m ee®eejele ceeCemeeyejes y ej Jev³eÒeeC³eeb®esner nkeÀveekeÀ yeUer peeleele.'' ieg j e{es j eb ® ³ee DeJew O e J³eeHeejemeeþer ceeUjeveeJej keÀypee efceUJeC³eemeeþer nesle Demeuesuee ne leesHeÀe DeeefCe yebogkeÀeb®ee JeeHej FLeu³ee MeemekeÀer³e ³eb$eCeebvee efomele vemesue keÀe?

Aapala Paryavaran

yegkeÀ MesuHeÀ

DebleJe&vee®es Deblece&ve Gueie[Ceejs `Jevee®es MueeskeÀ' meceLe& jeceoemeebveer efueefnuesues `cevee®es MueeskeÀ' DeeHeCe ueneveHeCeeHeemetve®e Iejeletve DeeefCe MeeUsletve efMekeÀuesuees. ns MueeskeÀ menpeHeCes cegKeesodiele nesC³ee®eb keÀejCe cnCepes meceLee¥veer JeeHejuesues meesHes DeeefCe jmeeU Meyo... l³ee MueeskeÀebceOetve meceLee¥veer ceeCemee®es Deblece&ve DeeefCe Deblejbie meHeÀeF&oejHeCes Gueie[ues Deensle. DeeefCe l³eeleerue keÀener keÀuegef<ele efJe®eej-Dee®eej mJe®í keÀjC³eemeeþer keÀe³e keÀjeJes, ³eemeeþer®e ns cevee®es MueeskeÀ GHe³egkeÌle þjleele. he´Yeeles ceveer jece eE®eleerle peeJee~ heg{s JewKejer jece DeeOeer JeoeJee! meoe®eej ne Leesj meeb[tb ve³es lees~ peveeR leesef®e lees ceeveJeer Oev³e neslees... FlekeÌ³ee menpemeesH³ee Meyoeble meceLee¥veer cevee®es MueeskeÀ DeeHeu³ee ceveeJej eEyeyeJeues. leÜle Hej®egjs nsner Jevee®³ee MueeskeÀeb®eer meg©Jeele heneìs ceveer jeve les DeeþJeeJes, le³ee þeef³e®es cew$e lesner mcejeJes, le³ee®es keÀmes he´sce DeecneJejer les, keÀmes ieesefpejs ©he meebiet legcneb les. DeMee menpemeesH³ee Meyoebletve keÀjleele DeeefCe ns n<e& Hej®egjs efueKeerle DeeefCe DeeMe³e he´keÀeMeve he´keÀeefMele `Jevee®es MueeskeÀ' DeeHeCe Jee®elee Jee®elee®e keÀOeer iegCeiegCet ueeielees, les keÀUleosKeerue veener. [eWiejoN³eebceOetve YeìkeÀCeejs, DeveskeÀ pebieues Hegvne Hegvne Heeoe¬eÀeble keÀjCeeN³ee Hej®egjs ³eebveer meceLee¥®ee DeeoMe& Iesle Jeveeb®es Deblece&ve-Deblejbie l³eeb®³ee `Jevee®es MueeskeÀ' ceOetve Deieoer meesH³ee DeeefCe jmeeU Meyoebletve GlejJeues Deensle. pebieuee®eer mebhetCe& heefjmebmLee [esÈ³eemeceesj þsJetve hej®egjs Deeheu³eeuee pebieuee®es DeveesKes efJeMJe Gueie[tve oeKeefJeleele. JeveÒeJes M e Jevee®es IeìkeÀ, Je= # epeer J eve®e¬eÀ, hejeieer Y eJeve, peue®e¬eÀ, Jeveeb ® es he´ k eÀej, pewJeefJeefJeOelee, osJeje³ee Demee Jeveeb®ee meekeÀu³eeves efJe®eej keÀªve l³eebveer ns hegmlekeÀ efme× kesÀues Deens. KeeJeesefve SkeÀeefme nemes ogpee pees, le³ee Yeef#eC³eeuee GYee eflemeje lees, meeN³ee efpeJeeb®eer ceeleer®e nesles, l³ee®³eelegefve hegvne Pee[ ³esles

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

³ee MueeskeÀeletve les DevvemeeKeUer®eb iegefHele DeeefCe cenÊJe mecepeeJetve osleele lej kegÀþs jeve heene DeefleheeJemeeUer Demes ieej efnjJes meoemeJe&keÀeUer, efleLes Je=#e les ©bo heeves pe³eeb®eer efomesveeme ceeLee DeMeer HeÀej Gb®eer. ³ee MueeskeÀebletve Pee[eb®eer YeewieesefuekeÀ JewefMe<ìîes Gueie[tve oeKeJeleele. Jeveeb®³ee Deblejbieele jenCeeN³ee ÒeeC³eeb®³ee megefve³eesefpele peerJeveMewueer Gueie[leevee Hej®egjs cnCeleele, pe³eeb®³ee le³ee®³ee, Jeeìe mJele:®³ee pe³ee®³ee le³ee®³ee, JesUe mJele:®³ee pe³ee®es le³ee®es þjues efveJeejs.. pe³ee®es le³ee®es efveeq½ele Devve ner js! pebieueeyeensjerue DeveeieeWoer keÀejYeej cnCepes®e `pebieuejepe' DeMeer mecepe keÀªve IesCeeN³ee ceeCemeeuee KeN³eeKegN³ee pebieue J³eJemLes®eer DeesUKe JneJeer cnCetve Hej®egjs ceeCemeeuee®e efJe®eejleele, meebiee, Demes pebieuejep³e keÀesþs, keÀOeer ceeCemeeuee pecesue keÀe les? keÀefjleer ceveg<³es DeveeieeWefo vegmeleer, lejerner le³ee, `pebieuejep³e' cnCeleer! lej kesÀJeU newmeceewpe Jee efhekeÀefvekeÀ cnCetve Jeveele peeTve lesLeerue J³eJemLee efyeIe[JeCeeN³eeme Hej®egjs meebieleele, Jeveeceeefpe ¿ee Gefie®e peeT vekeÀe js, iesueeb lejer keÀeefn DeeCetb vekeÀe js! efleLes ³eskeÀ lees osJe peeie=le HeÀej, keÀefjlee ®egkeÀe keÀeshelees ef®ekeÀej! ceeveJe mJele:uee efkeÀleerner Þesÿ cnCeJetve Iesle Demeuee lejer efvemeie&®e¬eÀeleerue l³ee®es mLeeve keÀe³e Deens ns oeKeef J eleevee Hej®eg j s ceeCemeeuee Deelcehejer#eCee®ee meuuee osle l³ee®eer peeiee oeKeJetve osleele. keÀMeer pevceueer ner Oeje DeeefCe jeves, Gl¬eÀeble kesÀueer keÀe ceeCemeeves? hegvne SkeÀoe DeeþJeesefve hene ns, legPeer ³eesi³elee veerì peeCeesefve jens! 23

DeMee SkesÀkeÀ jmeeU DeeefCe menpemeesH³ee MeyoebceOetve Glejuesues ³ee Jevee®³ee MueeskeÀebletve Jevee®es JewYeJe DeeHeu³eeuee YegjU Ieeueleb. efvemeiee&®³ee Lesì Deblejbieele vesTve mees[CeeN³ee ³ee MueeskeÀebvee Hej®egjs ³eebveer DeveskeÀ DeY³eemeHetCe& meboYe& efoues Deensle. ns meceLee¥®³ee `cevee®³ee MueeskeÀeb' yejesyej®e Hej®egjs ³eeb®es `Jevee®es MueeskeÀ'ner ueneveHeCeeHeemetve Ieje-Iejeletve DeeefCe MeeUebceOetve DeY³eemeues Heeefnpesle. Deelee mJeleëuee peje JeermejeJes jeveeleues SkeÀ nesJeesefve peeJes peelee efJejesveer Demes cew$eYeeJes Jeve les mJeleëuee GuekeÀesefve þsJes meO³ee meJe&$e meg© Demeuesueer pebieueeb®eer keÀÊeue LeebyeJetve ne Jevee®ee MueeskeÀ DebefiekeÀejuee. lej oN³ee [eWiejs OeyeOeyes DeeefCe Dees{s veÐee Jeenl³ee Heng[ues Meeble me[s Pejs KetHemes íesìgmes íeve Hee[s le³eeb®³ee®e mebies GYes jeve Jee{s DeMeer efnjJeerieo& pebieueb meJe&$e®e efomet ueeieleerue. pebieuee®eer mebhetCe& heefjmebmLee [esÈ³eemeceesj þsJetve hej®egjs Deeheu³eeuee pebieueeleu³ee efJeueesYeveer³e peiee®eer meHeÀj Ie[Jeleele. Jevee®es IeìkeÀ, Je=#e peerJeve®e¬eÀ, hejeieerYeJeve, peue®e¬eÀ, Jeveeb®es he´keÀej, pewJeefJeefJeOelee, osJeje³ee Demee JeveIeìkeÀeb®ee DeY³eeme keÀªve Hej®egjs ³eebveer `Jevee®es MueeskeÀ' efme× kesÀuesle.

Aapala Paryavaran

DOMBIVLI NISARGMELA – 2019 17 January 2019 at Prakash Vidyalay, Gograswadi, Dombivli (E). Organizers : Paryavaran Dakshata Mandal - Dombivli, Rotary Club of Young Dombivli and Rotary Club of Dombivli Premium th

25 schools and 380 students participated in the various competitions. Selfie with plant, Power point Presentation, Bird Information Book, Butterfly Identification, Elocution, Working Model, Poster Making, Best out of Waste, Street Play and Environmental Song were the competitions which were judged by our experts. All the competitions were judged by different personalities of respective fields. All of them were very instrumental in conducting the competitions and this enhanced actual quality of the project. The judges played substantially important role in conveying the message of conservation & main aim behind conducting such competitions. Rtn. Dr. Chandrashekhar Kolvekar – District governor of Rotary club was chief guest of Nisargmela. Dr. Sanjay Joshi – President of Paryavaran Dakshata Mandal, Mrs. Sangeeta Joshi – Secretory, Mr. Sudhakar Tiwari – President of Rotary Club, Rtn. Dr. Mangal Tiwari – Project Chairperson, Rtn. Dr. Sanjaykumar Tiwari and many Rotary club members were present for the event. The dignitaries not only visited the event but actively played role in the competitions. Competitions were followed by felicitation ceremony. The winners were awarded with certificates and prizes. Every year Nisargmitra Award is given to the school which scores highest in all competitions. This year Gaondevi Vidyamandir, Dombivli West won this trophy. Exhibits of Turtle Festival, Crocodiles, Jackal, Great Indian Bustard, Raan Bhaaji, etc. were exhibited for students. Also, a brain storming session was conducted by Child Psychologist Mr. Anuj. He communicated with students

DeeHeueb He³ee&JejCe

regarding their emotions, feelings, career related topics, etc. PDM’s Dombivli Project coordinators Rupali Shaiwale and Hemangi Samant, Kalyan Project coordinator Ms Lalita Ashtekar, Thane Project coordinators Mrs Ppurnima Bhosle,

Mrs Nishtha Raut, Ms. Chitra Mhaske, Shankar, Mamnoli Project oordinator Mr Shree Tare worked for successful organization of Nisargmela.

He³ee&JejCe o#elee ceb[U, jesìjer kedÀueye Dee@HeÀ ³ebie

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Aapala Paryavaran

NEWS LETTER efvemeie& Ye´cebleer

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PDM Conducted a Nature Trail for bird watching at Gandhari - kalyan. Bird Expert kuldip Mhatre guided the participants about local birds and migratory birds. In this trail 35 species of birds were seen. Lalita Ashtekar falicited the trail.

On 30 January, Paryavaran Dakshata Mandal and Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Center organised Thane Khadi Safari at Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Center – Airoli. In this Khadi Safari birds like Artic turn, Seagulls, Flamingoes, Sandpiper, Gray heron were observed. th

On 25th Jan, PDM organised Nature Trail at Dattaji Salvi Udyan, Thane. 35 Students from Dnyanasadhana vidyaniketan were explained the importance, uses of 50 medicinal plants. Pornima Shirgaonkar and Chitra Mhaske guided the students.

Wetland Day Awareness

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On occasion of World Wetland Day, PDM conducted Awareness programes from 22nd Jan to 30 Jan. at various schools in Thane. Students were explaind about unknown facts, importance of biodiversity. Pournima Shirgaonkar and Chitra Mhaske were resourse persons. Total 2310 students participated in these sessions.

Participated Schools : Shreeram Vidyamandir, Sadhana Vidyalaya, Dr. Bedekar Vidyalaya , Shiv Samarth Vidyalaya, T. J. School, MNP Thane School No. 120, Balkum Vidya Prasarak Mandal School, Arunodaya School, Tmc Schools, Maharashtra Vidyalaya, Dnyansadhana School Thane

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On 5th Feb, PDM's Paryavan Shala - Dombivali organised Solid waste management session at Abhinav Vidyamandir, Kalyan. Rupali Shaiwale guided the parents (ladies) of 3 and 4 std. students about how to segregate domestic waste. Magic bucket was also demonstrated. rd

Aapala Paryavaran

Joint Forest Management - An Effective Tool to Save our Forests

Community initiatives such as the ones seen in MendhaLekha and Baripada could become role models for implementation of the JFM with modification as per the spatial needs, as what worked for one particular part of the countrymight fail miserably in another due to huge ecological, social and cultural differences.

We depend on forests for our survival, from the air we breathe, to the wood we use; from sitting on a chair for breakfast, to writing a letter; from travelling in a train or bus, to the matchsticks in the kitchen; forests are integral, vital and inseparable part of our lives! When it comes to forests, India is ranked 10 in the world, with 24.4% of land area under forest and tree cover, in 2017. It is 1% increase from 2015 according to the State of Forest Report 2017, prepared by the Forest survey of India. Even after this 1% increase, it is still far less than the optimum desired percentage of forest area in a country i.e.33%. A majority of India still depends heavily and directly on its natural resources for sustenance, and people still draw their livelihoods and food directly from nature, despite the economic boom. The importance of forests is being increasingly recognized and more so particularly in the context of ongoing changes in the global climate. Although afforestation programs are being carried out by various governmental and non-governmental organizations, the total area under forest cover is still under marginal level. The success of afforestation is considerably dependent upon the participatory approach if not entirely, as specific trees for specific locations, healthy quality of the plant stock, aftercare management and, maintenance of already th

Shweta Sakpal apalaparyavaran@gmail.com Shweta has completed her Masters in Environmental Sciences. Currently she is preparing for Indian Forest Services (IFS) Exam.

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present and healthy forest are other important aspects which should be taken care of. In order to reduce deforestation, forest depletion and to revoke forest conservation, a paradigm has emerged in the late 1980s and is being intensely recognized called the ‘Joint Forest Management’. The success of two community driven greening movements in India opened the eyes of policy makers to the immense potential afforded by people’s participation in the management and regeneration of forests. The very first was a community based forest conservation movement initiated in the Araberi village of Midnapur district in West Bengal during 1971-72, while the second one was grassroot movement in the Sukhomajri village in Haryana in the 1980s, to rejuvenate forest. These instances awakened the policy makers at the central government to the need to go beyond the legalities of the Forest Conservation Act of 1980. Institutional measures for arresting the alarming trend of forest depletion were taken into consideration. In pursuance of National Forest Policy of 1988, the govt. issued a circular in June 1990 for involvement of village communities and village associations in the regeneration of degraded forests. This event marked the birth of Joint Forest Management (JFM) in India. The basic rationale of the JFM approach

Aapala Paryavaran

is the cooperation of local communities and the state government in the protection of forest resources from fire, illegal grazing, and timber cutting, in exchange for which they receive non-timber forest products. Indian JFM programs are characterized by a joint venture approach; they are different from other community management schemes, and are a cross between the top-down and bottom-up approaches. JFM is concept of developing partnership between fringe forest user groups and the forest department on the basis of mutual trust and jointly defined roles and responsibilities for forest protection and development. The total number of Joint forest Management Committees (JFMCs) in the country as in 2010 is 112,896 and the forest area brought under it is 24.6 million ha. Here we will discuss two successful JFM projects in particular that took place in Maharashtra. 1.Mendha (Lekha) Mendha is a small tribal (Maria Gond) village in the LekhaPanchayat. It is situated in the Gadchiroli district in the state of Maharashtra. The village is well known for its declaration of self-rule, its biomass-based subsistence economy and its self-sufficiency. In 1992, the State of Maharashtra adopted a Joint Forest Management Resolution. Forests in Gadchiroli come under natural canopy forests and not degraded hence they could not be brought under JFM. Mendha, however, persistently demanded inclusion in the scheme only to be rejected. In 1996 the forest department finally conceded to the demand and an official forest protection committee was formed in Mendha. MendhaLekha became the first village with standing forests in the state of Maharashtra to be brought under JFM. The village asserted its right to collect resources from the forest hence allowing people to take the necessary resources for daily use. Activities like tendupatta collection, honey collection, and initiatives such as ‘eat fish and build tank’ provides people with employment. Today, no one goes out of the village for employment. There has also been a sustained effort to include women in all activities in the village. SHGs have also helped people achieve selfsufficiency.Protection accorded to the forest has helped increase the tree cover, hunting prohibition has helped maintain wildlife numbers, and soil and water conservation is encouraged through training camps.Mendha has a self-sufficient economy- negligible dependence on the market, extensive use of forest products in everyday life, organic

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farming, gobar (bio) gas plants, controlled grazing , only necessary trading with ‘bazaar people’ Institutional mechanisms have created a space of support for poor families, technical education for youth funded by the village, employment for all, and the revival of traditional institutions. Inherent traits of the community like its close-knittedness and cohesion have contributed to the successfulness of their efforts in the JFM. This transition of Mendha from a helpless, uninformed and fear-ridden community into an informed and empowered community is remarkable, but the real struggle is the sustenance, and we will look forward to it. 2.Baripada Sanyukta Van VyavasthapanSamiti, Baripada (SVVSB) in Dhule district of Maharashtra has been working in Baripada village to restore the health of the reserved forests. Indiscriminate exploitation of forest resources caused rapid deforestation in the region in the decade of 1980-90 which led to near total destruction of the forests and scarcity of drinking water.Agriculture productivity declined, poverty and unemployment increased leading to large scale distress migration involving as much as 70 percent of the population. The other stakeholders in the regeneration efforts are the forest department of Dhule and a local NGO called VanvasiKalyan Ashram. SVVSB’s conservation efforts could be classified under Co-management: Government-supported non-statutory community. Starting with regeneration of forest cover and restoration of water table in the village, SVVSB’s work later expanded to include health, education, watershed development, farming, renewable energy, self-employment, and empowerment of women. The conservation efforts pearheaded by Mr. ChaitramPawar, an educated youth from the village received recognition from the International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD) in 2003. A JFMC was formed in the village in 1992. The committee canvassed the surrounding

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villages and declared their intent to protect the reserved forest. Each family in the village is represented in the SVVSB. SVVSB has formulated several rules for protection of the forest and sustainable use of forest resources by the members. The rules permit the villagers to carry dead firewood on special occasions of marriage, funeral etc. Each family is required to contribute voluntary (shramdan) for PClabour : Surabhi Walavalkar all the conservation works with those who abstain from shramdan without justifiable reason being penalized with some decided amount. The general body meeting authorizes all money transactions and bank account is operated by office bearers. The JFMC secretary keeps the record. The money received, is used for the welfare activities in the village. Both floral and faunal biodiversity have improved since the conservation efforts. At least 25 – 35 percent of the plants have regenerated on their own. Certain species not seen earlier are also seen now. Endangered species of plants have increased in number. The ground water availability has increased up to 10 metres. In terms of economic wellbeing, Villagers have setup small businesses which were nonexistent in 1992. Improved incomes are also reflected in the increase in the number of material assets like vehicles, gadgets like music players and television. Migration has reduced to 20 percent. Construction and use of latrines has increased. Incidence of malnourishment in children has reduced significantly. Community initiatives such as the ones seen in MendhaLekha and Baripada could become role models for implementation of the JFM with modification as per the spatial needs, as what worked for one particular part of the countrymight fail miserably in another due to huge ecological, social and cultural differences. Joint Forest management effectively proves what one has rightly said”Teamwork divides the task and multiples the success”.

Aapala Paryavaran

I wonder if we notice the change in stories being shared by children over past few generations about how they spent their holidays. My grandparents shared how they enjoyed serene beauty of nature and how they played in the middle of forests outside their villages. Parents shared how they enjoyed nature and also forests, we have memories of occasionally going to forests around our cities, but had lots of stories of how we spent holidays playing in all the areas available to us. But if I ask any child now,``how they spend their holidays?” then it pains to know that many spend it indoors or in malls or in virtual reality. Their forests experiences are now limited to national geographic and discovery channels. But how can we blame them? With today’s world with need for rapid development, need for existence of open spaces and forests has taken up a back seat,and why would they not? Costs of development projects is in thousands of crore how can a poor forests with mere few thousand trees ever stand a chance against that huge cost. Well, answer is simple. Our ancestors associated spiritual values to these forests and hence protected them. We on the other hand understand costs of all resources and hence always measure them with returns and profits. With that in mind I decided to write this article in the language that all development pro individuals can understand. There is a new branch of science that actually quantifies values of forests and services provided by forests in monitory terms. This branch is called as ‘Forest Resource Economics’. Let us have a small walk through the forests from Resource

Chinmay Khanolkar

Author is Asst. Professor in Dept. of Environmental Sciences at K.J. Somaiya College of Science & Commerce. Vidyavihar, Mumbai

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Economics of Forest Resources Economists point of view and understand what the actual “VALUE” of Forest is. Ecosystem services provided by forests can majorly be classified into four major categories viz. provisioning services, these are the direct use of forests products that we do in our day to day life and are very easy to calculate. These include services Like Oxygen, Food, Honey, Flowers, Timber, Medicines etc. Regulatory services are the capacity of forests to control the changes in its surrounding. These will include services Like Climate Control, Temperature Control, Pollution removal, Water purification, Flood Control etc. Supporting services are the services that support indirectly human civilization. These include Soil Formation, Nutrient cycling, Pollination. They are relatively difficult to calculate due to difficulties in measurement and last but not the least cultural services which includes use of forests for Aesthetic uses like tourism and photography, Spiritual uses and Educational uses like trails etc. Following diagram will help us to understand various services provided to us by this forests and their use to us. All of these services exist because of existence of forests. But with forests gone, costs of all these services has to be bared by us. Many nations worldwide have started to evaluate, costs of their forests but in India its

Type of Ecosystem Grass Lands Temperate Boreal Forest Tropical Forest Mangrove Forests Swamps/ Flood Plains

understanding and reach is very much limited. A study conducted globally by Costanza and others to identify costs of different types of ecosystems put forth numbers that are utterly impossible to believe. Such large values make you think twice now before you will start thinking about cutting or destroying those in exchange for development. But in India understanding values of our forests is still in nascent phases. Hence we see outright slaughter of our resources. Once these values are lost then replicating them will be equally expensive. So if India intends to become a super power in future then it is very important that we achieve development with least damages to these values.

Area (Million Hectare) 4418

Total Cost Million $ per year 1,26,84,078

3003

90,48,039

1258

66,22,112

128

32,87,296

1,16,30,700

Source: Elsevier Robert Costanza et al. Table explains value of each type of ecosystem per year in million US dollars (Million $/ Year)

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Aapala Paryavaran

Blue-cheeked Bee-eater (Meropspersicus)

Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus)

White-tailed Lapwing (Vanelluslecucurus)

Pheasant-tailed Jacana (Hydrophasianuschirurgus)

Avifaunal Diversity of Bhandup Pumping Station Wetlands are the areas that occur at the confluence of land and water. These are some of the most diverse and productive ecosystems in the world. Wetlands include mangroves, peatlands and marshes, rivers and lakes, deltas, floodplains and flooded forests, rice-fields, and even coral reefs. They provide us with ecosystem services like protection from floods, carbon sequestration, medicinal uses and many more, which are of invaluable importance. It is essential for us to maintain, manage and conserve the ecological health of this complex ecosystem. Wetlands in India account for 4.7% of the total geographical area of the country. Birds can be considered as ecological drivers for wetland ecosystems and are known to be excellent indicators of pollution and ecological health. The diversity and populations of avifaunal species throughout the year can give us an idea about current state of the wetland. Bhandup Pumping Station (BPS) is a water treatment plant where sewage water is treated. It is located in Bhandup region of suburban Mumbai. It is home to several types of

wetlands, like ponds, a creek, salt pans and Mangroves. In-spite of the various anthropogenic activities around it, Bhandup Pumping Station harbors a good number of residential as well as migratory birds.The mangroves provide ideal conditions for the birds to breed. Different kinds of wetlands provide feeding ground for the various residents as well as migrants. Grey mangrove, Mangrove apple, Meswak, Palash, Babhli, Red silk cotton tree are some of the common plants present in BPS. Most of the passerine birds mainly frugivorous like Bulbuls and necter feeders like sunbirds were commonly observed on these plants. Due to the presence of lots of insects different insectivorous birds like Bee-eaters, Drongo, Prinia are also seen here. The diversity of wetland habitats results in an equally impressive diversity of bird species. Bhandup Pumping Station Plant itself, provides food to the birds, directly or indirectly, through the treated water. The Orders Pelecaniforms (e.g. Little Egret, Cattle Egret, Grey Heron) and

Charadriiformes (e.g. Sandpipers, Lapwings, Black wing stilt),which are typical wetland dependant birds along with order Passeriformes (e.g. Warblers, Prinias, Swallows), indicate a healthy wetland ecosystem. Due to migration, the diversity is relatively higher during winter months. BPS also acts as a stop-over site for some passage migrant birds like Blue Cheeked Bee Eater. Since 2012, the raptor Eurasian Marsh Harrierwikiwand.com has been sighted every winter. Since last two years, White tailed lapwing is being sighted in December & November respectively. In 2018, a White wing tern were also spotted during monsoon. Till date, 283 Species have been recorded in the BPS (e-bird data). As per the e-bird data, in 2018, 19 species have been sighted for the first time in BPS. These species include Crested Treeswift, Rufoustailed Lark, Orange-headed Thrush, Redbreasted Flycatcher etc. In the surrounding area on the way towards BPS from Nahur Station Pheasant-tailed Jacana and Painted Snipe were also sighted in year 2018.

Omkar R. Nar apalaparyavaran@gmail.com Author is pursuing his Masters Degree in Biodiversity at Bandodkar College of Science, Thane.

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Aapala Paryavaran

The land of forest worshippers

With growing population, industrial growth and developmental activities, the region with highest forest cover in the nation has also become one of the critically affected areas in terms of forest loss which can be attributed to diverse socio-economic, cultural as well as political and administrative factors.

If ‘diversity’ can be represented through a landscape, probably north-east (NE) India would be the best representation of the same with 220 different ethnic groups and equal numbers of dialects along with immense variation in climatic, edaphic and altitudinal features resulting in availability of diverse range of ecological habitats. Geographical position as well as climatic conditions have developed the region as one of the biodiversity hotspots of the world. The intimate relationship of indigenous people with their environment is very well noticeable in various traditions, beliefs and customs of the communities from NE India. Such traditions and belief systems of the local communities have played a major role in forest conservation in the region. A deeper analysis reveals that in most of the cases, such beliefs and traditions have been emerged from the experiences of the indigenous communities living in harmony with nature, which have allowed them to understand the importance of trees, forests and different species. For example, Bodo communities in Assam worship ‘Sijau’ (Euphorbia sp.) plant, which can help in avoiding elephant attack due to its thorns. Similarly, communities like Nagas believe that presence of a forest near to the village is good for the village and its destruction will cause loss of prosperity and disease outbreak. Many indigenous tribes of the region also believes in the tradition of sacred groves, which are used for worshiping and thus collection of forest products and entry are strictly prohibited in

such areas, which helps in conservation of an ecosystem in its totality. Apart from the traditional belief systems, local communities in NE have also played a crucial role in forest conservation through Community Conserved Areas (CCA). In many areas, local village committees set up rules and regulations applicable in the nearby forest patches preventing cutting of trees and indiscriminate fishing in streams or canals. ‘Dong Bund Management Committees’ (Chirang, Assam), Ban Suraksha Samiti’ (Goalpara, Assam), Singchung Bugun Village Community Reserve Management Committee (West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh) and Lemsachenlok Organisation of Phom tribe (Longleng District, Nagaland) are some examples of such community efforts of forest and biodiversity conservation. However, with growing population, industrial growth and developmental activities, the region with highest forest cover in the nation has also become one of the critically affected areas in terms of forest loss which can be attributed to diverse socioeconomic, cultural as well as political and administrative factors. Considering the complex and intricate fabric of people-cultureenvironment-policy in the region, there is a need to leverage the inherent tradition of community forest conservation in NE India, so that the region’s beauty and bounty can be protected in its full glory!!

Manoshi Goswami apalaparyavaran@gmail.com

A signange displays the restriction of tree cutting in a forest patch near the village in Chirang district of Assam

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Aapala Paryavaran

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Aapala Paryavaran

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