Edición del Martes 18 de Mayo de 2010

Page 1

Gfc k`ZX 7 d de ^Wo \[Y^W fWhW WkZ_jWh bei h[Ykhiei Wb 9ed]h[ie Z[b ;ijWZe g}^`eX / 9eb_cW

9edj_d W Yedjhel[hi_W feh fh[ikdje Yh_c[d [d [b [Z_Å Y_e Z[b 9#* f|]_dW '&

9eb_cW

;n_]_h|d dk[lW Yh[Z[dY_Wb [d [b I[]khe IeY_Wb f$ /

J[dZ[dY_Wi

=Woi jecWd bWi YWbb[i Z[ 9eb_cW Yed cWhY^W li bW Z_iYh_c_dWY_ d f$ '/

D@C<E@F

8zF ,# EèD<IF (,'/ +$&& *) GÝ>@E8J

:FC@D8 D8IK<J (/ ;< D8PF ;< )'('

mmm$c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn f[h_eZ_iceYedYWh|Yj[h

7 hW p Z[ bei [d\h[djWc_[djei WhcWZei gk[ i[ ikiY_jWhed [b Zec_d]e1 ºjeZe XW`e Yedjheb»0 F@;

I[bbWd [djhWZWi o iWb_ZWi Z[ 9eb_cW FheYkhWZkh W =[d[hWb Z[ bW H[f Xb_YW Z[j[hc_dWh| i_ [b Yh_c[d eh]Wd_pWZe ef[hW [d bW [dj_ZWZ ;b WbYWbZ[ YWf_jWb_de h[YedeY[ _di[]kh_ZWZ1 ^Wo gk[ lebl[h Yece [ij|XWcei Wdj[i" Z_Y[ ff$ ,#J7F?HE

<Wc_b_W Z[ :_[]e f_Z[ W YWfjeh[i bW d[]eY_WY_ d Ieb_Y_jWd YedjWYje fWhW WYehZWh bei j hc_dei Z[ bW b_X[hWY_ d Z[ <[hd|dZ[p Z[ 9[lWbbei ff$ '*#'+

;b WiWbje W bW hWp d :Xicfj DXi e :_[]e o bW l[dW ^kcWdW Z[b ;FH

;b Yecfb[`e Z[ i[]kh_ZWZ i[ [dYk[djhW \k[hj[c[dj[ h[i]kWhZWZe Z[ bei c[heZ[WZeh[i" [d bW YWf_jWb Yeb_cejW

;cfb[e" cWb fW]WZe o [l[djkWb0 ?D;=? ;d 9eb_cW lWd ') c_b (&& Z[i[cfb[WZei [d fh_c[h jh_c[ijh[ (&'& 9efWhc[n de ^W dejWZe bW h[Ykf[hWY_ d [Yed c_YW f|]_dW ''" ', o '.

;d YkWdje gk[ ik \Wc_b_W [n^ehjW f Xb_YWc[dj[ W gk[ i[ Yeckd_gk[d Yed [bbW ºbWi f[hiedWi gk[ h[j_[d[d» W :_[]e <[hd|dZ[p Z[ 9[lWbbei fWhW ºd[]eY_Wh ik b_X[hWY_ d»" be c|i fheXWXb[ [i gk[ i[ jhWj[ Z[ kd fbW]_e [d XkiYW Z[ Z_d[he$ FWh[Y_[hW" f[he de [i eXl_e gk[ Z[ [ije i[ jhWjWhW" fk[i YWX W bW fei_X_b_ZWZ Z[ kd i[Yk[ijhe feb j_Ye [d gk[ i[ [n_][d" feh [`[cfbe" [nYWhY[bW# Y_ed[i e bW h[Wb_pWY_ d Z[ Y_[hjei WYjei Z[ ]eX_[hde $

7kdgk[ \k[i[ h[cejW" bWi Wkjeh_ZWZ[i _cfb_YWZWi bb[]W# hed W ief[iWh bW ^_f j[i_i Z[b ef[hWj_le ]k[hh_bb[he" f[diWdZe ieXh[ jeZe [d [b ;` hY_je FefkbWh H[lebkY_edWh_e$ Feh be fhedje" i_d [cXWh]e" [b ;FH de i be i[ Z[ib_dZ oW" i_de [nfh[i W bei \Wc_b_Wh[i ik Yecfh[di_ d feh [b ºZebeh gk[ Ye# deY[cei Yedj_d Wd ¼Z[iWfWh[Y_# Zei½ iki YkWZhei ;ZckdZe H[o[i o =WXh_[b 7bX[hje 9hkp " o iWX[cei feh be gk[ [ij|d fWiWdZe±»$ ;b ºf[_dWZe» gk[ ^WY Wd bWi \k[hpWi \[Z[hWb[i [d Gk[h # jWhe o ejhWi [dj_ZWZ[i Z[X[ ikif[dZ[hi[" de lWoW W fed[h c|i d[hl_eiei W bei hWfjeh[i Z[ :_[]e o ijei Yec[jWd bW f[dZ[`WZW Z[ de YedYbk_h Yed ^edeh ik d[]eY_e$

YcWh_d6c_b[d_e$Yec

>eo [iYh_X[d JXdl\c >XiZ X F|]$) ? Zkfi 8^l`cXi :Xd e# AX`if :Xc`okf 8cYXii}e# :`if > d\q C\pmX# AfXhl e C g\q$; i`^X# :Xicfj DfkX F|]i$*%+ DXi`f 8cY\ikf Jfc j <jg`efjX# ?\`[` >% [\ C\ e >lk` ii\q F|]$'( IfY\ikX >XiqX# I`ZXi[f Dfei\Xc F|]$')

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

&@C<E@F

BM GSFOUF

;B E8I;HL7:EH JXdl\c >XiZˆX

7VFMUB EF UPSUJMMB

&

H[i[YW j[cfehWZW$$$ >WY[ lWh_ei Z‡Wi gk[ bW \k[dj[ Z[ bW =beh_[jW Cedkc[djWb YedeY_ZW Yece Z[b :?< de fhk[XW kdW

]ejW Z[ W]kW1 W^‡ [ij| bW Yh_i_i" ^WijW bei WdkdY_ei [if[YjWYkbWh[i ejhehW `eYeiei [ifWY_ei Z[ fhefW]WdZW W^ehW j_[d[d bW XeYW i[YW$$$

FM BMBDSfO D_ gk_[d i[ fh[eYkf[$ O c[dei H_#

]eX[hje IWbWpWh L[bWiYe" [d [b ikfk[ije YWie [d [b gk[ [b Ă•h]Wde Ikf[h_eh Z[ 7kZ_jeh‡W o <_iYWb_pWY_ÂŒd =kX[hdWc[djWb EiW\_] WkZ_jW# hW bWi Yk[djWi Z[b 9ed]h[ie$ Be Z_\‡Y_b oW fWiÂŒ" bWi Yk[dj_jWi Z[ bei Z_fkjWZei ied Âşf[YWjW c_dkjWÂť$ ÂŤE de5

:ei W kde$ Bei Z_h_][dj[i Z[ 9efWhc[n

o 9WdWYe ^Wd Z[YbWhWZe feh i[fWhWZe gk[ [d iki Y|cWhWi de i[ j_[d[ h[]_ijhe Z[ kd h[fkdj[ [d bW [Yedec‡W [ijWjWb$ D_ FWjo :|lW# bei" d_ C_]k[b Z[ bW CWZh_Z i[ Wjh[l[d W [Y^Wh W lebWh bWi YWcfWdWi1 i_d [cXWh]e [d bW 9C?9 i[ l_l[ ejhW h[Wb_ZWZ" o [b h[fh[i[djWdj[ Z[ bei YedijhkYjeh[i i‡ ^WXbW Z[ kdW h[Ykf[hWY_Œd [d bW [Yedec‡W Z[ iki W]h[c_WZei$ I[h‡W Xk[de gk[ fWiWhW bW h[Y[jW e\_Y_Wb W bWi ejhWi W]hkfWY_ed[i$

;b YhƒZ_je i[ be bb[lW [b ;`ƒhY_je$ ;d bWi Z[j[dY_ed[i Z[ ÂşcWbWdZheiÂť gk[ i[ Z_[hed [b Zec_d]e [d ZedZ[ fWhj_Y_fWhed Z_\[h[dj[i W][dY_Wi Z[ i[]kh_ZWZ" gk_[d[i eXj_[d[d [b YhƒZ_je ied bei c_[cXhei Z[b ;`ƒh# Y_je$ 7kdgk[ ik \kdY_ÂŒd [i Z[ Wfeoe" [d h[Wb_#

ZWZ ied bei gk[ ^Wd Z[ceijhWZe bb[lWh bW lep YWdjWdj[$ Bei Z[b_dYk[dj[i gk[ l_[d[d Z[ \k[hW oW iWX[d W gk[ Wj[d[hi[$ ;ie i[ Z_Y[$

B[o 7h_pedW$ 7^ehW gk[ i[ [ij|d

Z[Yec_iWdZe 7A#*- feh jeZei bWZei" o gk[ W][dj[i \[Z[hWb[i" ckd_Y_fWb[i" `kZ_Y_Wb[i o c_b_jWh[i WdZWd Z[jh|i Z[ jeZe Wgkƒb gk[ fehj[ ÂşWhcWi bWh]WiÂť" ied lWh_ei bei X_hh_[hei gk[ fh[\_h_[hed Z[`Wh Z[ jhWXW`Wh c_[djhWi Yedi_]k[d kd WcfWhe" o Wi‡ [l_jWh gk[ b[i lWoWd W \_dYWh h[ifediWX_b_ZWZ[i feh [b Z[b_je Z[ fehjWY_ÂŒd _b[]Wb Z[ ÂşYk[hdei Z[ Y^_leÂť$ 7 iWX[h$

JeZe [d ehZ[d$ BW ]kWfW Z[b[]WZW

\[Z[hWb ;ic[hWbZW 9|hZ[dWi oW Z_`e gk[ bW i[Yh[jWh‡W Z[ IWbkZ YecfheXŒ [d fWf[b [b Z[ij_de gk[ i[ b[ Z_e Wb h[Ykhie [djh[]WZe feh I[Z[ieb fWhW YecXWj_h Wb Z[d]k[ ZkhWdj[ (&&/$ Be gk[ b[ gk[ZW YbWhe Wb WbWYh|d [i gk[ Z_Y^ei h[Ykhiei de \k[hed ik\_Y_[dj[i" oW gk[ [b Z[d]k[ i_]k[ i_d feZ[hi[ [hhWZ_YWh$ ;d ejhWi fWbWXhWi" [b Z_d[he i[ [`[hY_Œ" [b fheXb[# cW [i iWX[h i_ i[ [`[hY_Œ W j_[cfe o i[ Wfb_YŒ ZedZ[ i[ Z[X[h‡W Wfb_YWh$

Tp lM MP EJDF IBZ HFOUF RVF TF MMFWB MBT MJNPTOBT EF MPT UFNQMPT SPNQFO MP DFTUPT Z TF MMFWBO MP RVF MB NJTNB HFOUF FTUf EBOEP /P FT DPNzO RVF TF QSFTFOUFO QFSP Tp TF IBO EBEP FTUF UJQP EF TJUVBDJPOFT @[i‘i C[dZepW Fh[Y_WZe

LeY[he Z[ bW :_ÂŒY[i_i Z[ 9eb_cW" Wb h[ifedZ[h W bW fh[]kdjW Z[ i_ [d bWi fWhhegk_Wi de i[ ^Wd fh[i[djWZe ^[Y^ei Z[b_Yj_lei1 [b f|hheYe Z_`e Yh[[h gk[ Âş[ijWcei W j_[cfe fWhW c[`ehWh bW i[]kh_ZWZÂť [d [b [ijWZe$$$

h ieŠn_khao -. `a i]uk l]o]`k ah lnaoe`ajpa rajavkh]jk Dqck ?dƒrav `a_nap“ h] ĂŽ]`mqeoe_e“j bknvko]Ă? `a h] ailnao] Ikhejko J]_ekj]hao $Ikj]_]%( lnklea`]` `ah ailnao]nek iate_]jk Nk^anpk Ckjvƒhav >]nnan]( p]i^eŠj `qaÂ’k `a >]jknpa( Cnqi] u I]oa_] aj IŠte_k* H] n]v“j mqa ]`qfk ?dƒrav l]n] pki]n aop] `a_eoe“j Ă?`a ]_qan`k _kj ah `a_napk lq^he_]`k aj h] C]_ap] KĂš_e]h `a Rajavqah]Ă? bqa c]n]jpev]n h] ok^an]jÂŽ] ]heiajp]ne] `a h] j]_e“j aj _kj_kn) `]j_e] _kj h] ĂŽ_kjokhe`]_e“j `a h] _]l]_e`]` `a lnk_ao]ieajpk ok_e]heop] ]cnkej`qopne]h l]n] h] Rajavqah] `ah oechk TTEĂ?* Qj l]ok iƒo aj ah lh]j `ah iehep]n `ah rajavkh]jk l]n] aop]pev]n h] a_kjkiÂŽ] `ah l]ÂŽo oq`]iane_]jk* Aop] rav ha pk_“ ah pqnjk ] Ikj]_]( h] oacqj`] ailnao] `a lnk`q_pko ]heiajpe_eko ^ƒoe_ko _kik d]nej] `a pneck( `a i]ÂŽv( ]_aepa( ]raj] u l]op] `a ]nnkv( _kil]Â’ÂŽ] mqa Ckjvƒhav >]nnan] d]^ÂŽ] _kiln]`k aj -555 ] h] aop]`qje`ajoa Ejpanj]) pekj]h Iqhpebkk`o ?knlkn]pekj aj 53*2 i``* ?kj h] ]`mqeoe_e“j `a Ikj]_] ] hko aop]`qje) `ajoao Ckjvƒhav >]nnan] hhac]^] ] h]o cn]j`ao hec]o aj ah ian_]`k `a ]heiajpko `a Rajavqah]* U] lkoaÂŽ] @aner]`ko `a I]ÂŽv Oaha__ekj]`ko $@a) i]oa_]%( lank _kj aop] _kiln] ah ailnao]nek iate_]jk k^pajÂŽ] /0 lkn _eajpk `ah ian_]`k j]_ekj]h `a d]nej] `a i]ÂŽv u ./ lkn _eajpk `ah `a d]nej] `a pneck* Ian_]`ko iqu ]lapepkoko lknmqa jk d]u mqa khre`]n mqa hko rajavkh]jko( _kik ah naopk `a hko h]pejk]iane_]jko( okj cn]j`ao _kjoqie`knao `a aop]o d]nej]o* H]o ]nal]o aj Rajavqah] Ă?pknp]o `a d]) nej] `a i]ÂŽv ^h]j_k( bnep]o u nahhaj]oĂ? ao qj ]heiajpk pn]`e_ekj]h u Ikj]_] ao hÂŽ`an _kj oq i]n_] ĂŽFq]j]Ă?* ?dƒrav p]i^eŠj mqeok ] Ikj]_] u oa h] ]nna^]p“ ] Nk^anpk Ckjvƒhav >]nnan] ejpailaoper]iajpa h] oai]j] l]o]`]( ]qjmqa aj h]o oai]j]o lnare]o u] hko nqiknao ok^na qj] ]__e“j `a aop] j]pqn]hav] d]^ÂŽ]j _na_e`k aj Rajavqah]* @a da_dk Nk^anpk Ckjvƒhav d]^ÂŽ] paje`k h] _kn]vkj]`] `a mqa aopk k_qnnenÂŽ] aj ]hc˜j ik) iajpk `ao`a d]_a ]Â’ko* P]jpk ]oÂŽ mqa p]j lnkjpk _ann“ h] _kiln] `a Ikj]_] u ?dƒrav ]oqie“ ah lk`an( oa `ek ] h] p]na] `a ^qo_]n lnkpa__e“j l]n] oqo ejranoekjao aj ]mqah l]ÂŽo* Jk l]o“ iq_dk l]n] ajpan]noa `a hko pŠnie) jko `ah pn]p]`k ajpna Aol]Â’] u Rajavqah] l]n] h] Lnkik_e“j u Lnkpa__e“j Na_ÂŽlnk_] `a Ejran) oekjao( mqa lnkpaca h]o ejranoekjao aol]Â’kh]o aj Rajavqah] lkn hk mqa _q]hmqean ĂŽ]`mqeoe_e“j bknvko]Ă? Ă?_kik h] k_qnne`] h] oai]j] l]o]`] _kj Ikj]_]Ă? o“hk lqa`a `]noa lkn n]vkjao `a qpehe`]` l˜^he_] u ah aop]`k rajavkh]jk `a^a _kilajo]n ]`a_q]`]( aba_per] u nƒle`]iajpa ]h ejranoekjeop] ]ba_p]`k* ?kik k_qnne“ _kj h] atlnkle]_e“j `a O]jp]j`an aj Rajavqah]* =oÂŽ mqa Ckjvƒhav >]nnan] _na“ aj .,,. qj] ailnao] aol]Â’kh] Ă?R]hknao Iqj`e]haoĂ? `a h] _q]h ĂŽ_khc]nÂŽ]Ă? Ikj]_]( l]n] bknp]ha_an oq lkoe) _e“j fqnÂŽ`e_] ]jpa qj] `a_eoe“j ejpailaoper] `a ?dƒrav( _kik h] mqa k_qnne“ ah ieŠn_khao* Ao _eanpk mqa ]jpa qj nŠceiaj _kik ah _d]) reop] jk d]u c]n]jpÂŽ]o `a _]oe j]`] u iajko ]˜j aj ah pannajk ailnao]ne]h* Oej ai^]nck( h]o lnk^]^ehe`]`ao `a mqa Nk^anpk Ckjvƒhav >]nnan] k^pajc] qj] jack_e]_e“j ĂŽiƒo fqop] u atla`ep]Ă? _kj ah ck^eanjk rajavkh]jk ] l]npen `a aoa pn]p]`k( okj i]uknao mqa h]o mqa peaja ?aiat ]dkn] ieoik( lkn afailhk* Âź?khiehhk lkhÂŽpe_k l]n] hko jack_eko; Oacq) n]iajpa mqa oÂŽ* U ao mqa dku u] jk ^]op] _kj h]o d]^ehe`]`ao canaj_e]hao pn]`e_ekj]hao l]n] _kj`q_en qj cnqlk ailnao]ne]h pn]oj]_ekj]h* Aok hk o]^a ^eaj `kj Nk^anpk* .D

BM GSFOUF

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

5SBTDFOEJu gk[ [d [b ]eX_[hde \[Z[hWb `khWd gk[ bW FheYkhWZkh‡W =[d[hWb Z[ bW H[f‘Xb_YW de j_[d[ c|i _d\ehcWY_Œd gk[ bW ZWZW W YedeY[h ieXh[ bW Z[iWfWh_Y_Œd Z[ :_[]e <[hd|dZ[p Z[ 9[lWbbei$ Feh [ie bW ^_fŒj[i_i gk[ ^W ]WdWZe c|i \k[hpW [d bei ‘bj_cei Z‡Wi [i gk[ gk_[d[i i[ bb[lWhed Wb @[\[ [hWd kdei fhe\[i_edWb[i Z[ ckY^e Yk_ZWZe$ F[he [i iŒbe ejhW ^_fŒj[i_i$

gk[ bW \Wc_b_W Z[ <[hd|dZ[p Z[ 9[lWbbei de _d\ehcΠW dWZ_[ Z[b Yeckd_YWZe gk[ [c_j_[hed Wo[h [d bW jWhZ[$

;b ]eX_[hde i[ [dj[hŒ [d bei c[Z_ei Z[ Yeckd_YWY_Œd$

gk[ lWoW `k]WZW h[Wb_pΠ[b `[\[ Z[

=eX_[hde Z[b :_ijh_je <[Z[hWb" CWhY[be ;XhWhZ" gk_[d be]hŒ fed[h W iWble W ik i[Yh[jWh_e Z[ <_dWdpWi" CWh_e :[b]WZe" o W Zei \kdY_edWh_ei c|i Z[ ik WZc_d_ijhWY_Œd$

:Ă‘7 9ED :Ă‘7 ?„Zkfi 8^l`cXi :Xdˆe

"

h]o . `a h] p]n`a `ah `kiejck aj mqa aila_Š ] ao_ne^en aopa ]npÂŽ_qhk jk d]^ÂŽ] jejc˜j ej`e_ek `ah l]n]`ank `a @eack Banjƒj) `av `a ?ar]hhko k `a h]o n]vkjao `a oq `ao]l]ne_e“j* = h]o 5 `a h] i]Â’]j] `ah hqjao aj mqa na]jq`k ah ejpajpk `a ao_ne^enhk( p]ilk_k* O“hk oa o]^a mqa bqa oa_qaopn]`k `a oq n]j_dk oej receh]j_e]( mqa ah n]opnk `a o]jcna an] oquk( mqa j]`ea d]^ÂŽ] la`e`k d]op] ]dkn] qj nao_]pa lkn oa_qaopnk k naerej`e_]`k ah da_dk* Hk iƒo ejpahecajpa mqa ao_q_dŠ ]h naola_pk bqa `a qj ]ieck `a @eack mqa ia `efk ]h pahŠbkjk6 ĂŽHk ˜je_k mqa le`k ao mqa hk `a) faj d]^h]n* Oe hk `af]j d]^h]n( Šh ]nnach]nƒ oq oa_qaopnkĂ?* Hk `aiƒo bqa qj panne^ha aola_pƒ_qhk `a hk mqa Ceh C]iŠo( _nkjeop] eil]n `ah `e]nek H] N]v“j u h] nareop] Jatko( _]heĂš_“ _kik ĂŽlanek`eoik lnaoqjpkĂ?* Oq epejan]nek `a ha_pkn aj ^qo_] `a jkpe_e]o jk peaja `aolan`e_ek* @e_a ]oÂŽ6

HWfƒ

%FTBQBSFDJEP H] i]Â’]j] `ah `kiejck( C]iŠo ^qo_“ ejbkn) i]_e“j ok^na ah oa_qaopnk `a @eack Banjƒj`av `a ?ar]hhko( lank aj_kjpn“ iqu lk_k( iƒo ^eaj j]`]* Aj _]i^ek d]hh“ Ăš__ekjao jkp]^hao ^]fk l]h]^n]o _kik lnaoqjpk( pn]o_aj`e`k( oqlqaopk( `e_aj bqajpao kĂš_e]hao* Ah lanek`eoik `a Ăš__e“j hkcn“ aj H] Fkn) j]`] qj _]lÂŽpqhk oqlanekn `ah cŠjank* Oac˜j h] _knnaolkjo]h I]ne]j] ?dƒrav( Ă?ah lnaoqjpk oa_qaopnkĂ‘ `a Banjƒj`av `a ?ar]hhko Ă?]_na_eajp] h]o `q`]o ok^na h] oacqne`]` aj MqanŠp]nkĂ‘* Ă?Bqajpao _kjoqhp]`]oĂ‘( ao_ne^a h] _knnaolkj) o]h( Ă?]Ăšni]j mqa ateopa qj lnaoqjpk l]_pk ajpna j]n_kpn]Ăš_]jpao l]n] jk lnkp]ckjev]n ajbnajp]ieajpko lknmqa ]hhÂŽ n]`e_]j oqo defko u b]iehe]naoĂ‘* ĂŽCeh oecqe“ hauaj`k h] jkp] `a h] lnaoqjp] _knnaolkjo]h u hhac“ ] aopa r]hha lnkoÂŽope_k6 Ă?H] vkj] oann]j] `ah aop]`k `a MqanŠp]nk ao nqp] `a l]ok `a Hko Vap]o( `kj`a p]ilk_k d]j k_qnne`k ajbnajp]ieajpko ajpna lnaoqjpko j]n_kpn]Ăš_]jpao k ajpna Šopko u h] lkhe_ÂŽ](

/P OPT TPSQSFOEFSpB

QSPNFEJP EF

I_d [cXWh]e" Z[ ‘bj_cW ^ehW bb[]ÂŒ kdW dej_Ă…YWY_ÂŒd eĂ…Y_Wb _d\ehcWdZe gk[ [b =eX_[hde Z[b :_ijh_je <[Z[hWb ^WX‡W fW]WZe '( c_bbed[i Z[ f[iei" Yece ehZ[dWXW bW i[dj[dY_W" fWhW gk[ :[b]WZe o YecfW‹‡W de \k[hWd [dl_WZei W fh_i_ÂŒd$

QFTPT

¡:B RVJTJlSBNPT

gk[ [b i[Yh[jWh_e Z[ 9eckd_YWY_ed[i"

@kWd Ceb_dWh" Wi[]khŒ gk[ ik Wi_ij[dY_W Wb c_j_d Z[ CWh_e BŒf[p" CWbelW" i[ Z[X[ W gk[ b[ ]kijW ckY^e I_dWbeW [ _di_ij_Œ [d gk[ kj_b_pŒ kd Z‡W de bWXehWXb[ i|XWZe fWhW Wi_ij_h W 9kb_WY|d$

FEBĂ‘J?97 9;HE AX`if :Xc`okf 8cYXii}e

gk[ [d bei fWi_bbei Z[b

O [i gk[ Wkdgk[ bW b[o de fk[Z[ i[h h[jheWYj_lW" ik WfheXWY_Œd feZh‡W Yh[Wh kdW 9ec_i_Œd Z[ bW L[hZWZ fWhW _dl[ij_]Wh Zei YWiei0 7j[dYe o 7Yj[Wb$ BWi Yedi[Yk[dY_Wi" eXl_Wc[dj[" de i[h‡Wd Xk[dWi d_ fWhW [b WYjkWb ]eX[hdWZeh Z[b ;ijWZe Z[ Cƒn_Ye" ;dh_gk[ F[‹W D_[je 7j[dYe " d_ fWhW [b [n ]eX[hdWZeh 9^kWo\\[j i[Yh[jWh_e Z[ =eX[hdWY_Œd YkWdZe bW cWiWYh[ Z[ _dZ‡][dWi [d 7Yj[Wb " gk_[d Yed [b ^_[be fhej[][h‡W o i[ [ijWh‡W fhej[]_[dZe$

Zei feh jh[i =qjmqa Aol]’] ^qo_]n] pajan ah _na_eieajpk a_kj“ie_k `a IŠte_k( h] i]uknŽ] `a hko ailhako cajan]`ko ]mqŽ peajaj qj o]h]nek ejbanekn ] 1 ieh laoko iajoq]hao( ieajpn]o mqa ah oqah`k aj ah l]Žo aqnklak ao aj***

H[ikbjW gk[ bW Ikfh[cW 9ehj[ Z[ @kij_Y_W Z_iYkj‡W [b YWie Z[ bei \kdY_edWh_ei YWf_jWb_dei feh de Ykcfb_h kdW i[dj[dY_W Z[ WcfWhe" o [b fheo[Yje fhefed‡W bW Z[ij_jkY_Œd o Yedi_]dWY_Œd Wdj[ kd `k[p \[Z[hWb Z[ bei _cfb_YWZei$

9ed]h[ie Yehh[ bW l[hi_ÂŒd Z[ gk[ [b Yed][bWc_[dje [d bW 9|cWhW Z[ :_fkjWZei Z[ bWi h[\ehcWi WfheXWZWi feh [b I[dWZe W bW B[o Z[ :[h[Y^ei >kcWdei" ]epW Z[b fWjheY_d_e Z[ kd fhec_d[dj[ c_[cXhe Z[ bW XWdYWZW Z[b FH? [d IWd B|pWhe0 ;c_b_e 9^kWo\\[j$

]cnac]j h]o bqajpaoĂ‘* >eaj haÂŽ`k( ] aopa cŠjank lanek`ÂŽope_k oa ha lk`nÂŽ] hh]i]n lanek`eoik lnaoqjpk* ĂŽAh lnaoqjpk C]iŠo jk o]_“ aj _h]nk j]`] mqa jk bqan] h] jkpe_e] `a h] `ao]l]ne_e“j `a Banjƒj`av `a ?ar]hhko( lank hau“ napn]pko ]oki^nkoko `ah l]jeop] aj hko _q]hao oa ha ]`) fq`e_]nkj pk`] _h]oa `a lnklea`]`ao( _qajp]o `ao_kiqj]hao ] oq b]rkn( ]he]jv]o lkhÂŽpe_]o oej ao_n˜lqhko u ailhako atpn]Â’ko aj hk mqa oa ha `ao_ne^a _kik ]lk`an]`k `a dkolep]hao( `qaÂ’k `a bqjan]ne]o( _kjopnq_pkn `a _]nna) pan]o `ah ]ikn u( aj Ăšj( qj] pn]ua_pkne] `a hepec]jpa oej bnajk* ĂŽCeh aj_kjpn“ `a pk`k iajko ejbkni]_e“j( o“hk lanek`eoik lnaoqjpk u ]hck `a na`ao ok_e]hao lnaoqjp]o aj h]o _q]hao ah l]jeop] I]jqah Aolejk `ek lkn iqanpk ] Banjƒj`av `a ?ar]hhko u iƒo p]n`a( `aolqŠo `a d]_an ah ne`ÂŽ_qhk( le`e“ lan`“jĂ?* $H] N]v“j( -3 `a i]uk .,-,% .D WYWc_d6c_b[d_e$Yec

&

j ah ]lnkra_d]ieajpk `a h] _k) uqjpqn] mqa ha kpknc] pk`k ah lk`an ]h eilanek `ah aqbaieoik ejop]h]`k( _kik @]npd R]`an aj h] Aopnahh] `a h] Iqanpa $Ckiavlqjg `e_a mqa jk d]u cqann] _kjpn] ah j]n_k( oejk klan]perko _kjpn] ah _neiaj knc]jev]`k7 b]hp] mqa ] hko _ƒnpahao hao hh]ia ĂŽ=lƒpne`]o _kj _]l]) _e`]`ao `eopejp]oĂ?%( Fahelehhk ]_]^] `a _kjranpen Ah @ÂŽ] Ejpanj]_ekj]h _kjpn] h] Dkikbk^e]( aj ah @ÂŽ] `a h] Pkhan]j_e] u ah Naolapk ] h]o Lna) banaj_e]o( _q]hmqean _ko] mqa aok oecjeĂšmqa* =oÂŽ( ah pŠniejk dkikbk^e] bqa `ao]l]na_e) `k _kik( oac˜j ]Ăšni] _]pac“ne_] h] LCN( ha k_qnne“ ]h Oq^faba @eack mqa( jk k^op]jpa h]o are`aj_e]o( jkiƒo jk ]h_]jv] h] _]packnÂŽ] `a oa_qaopn]`k( _kik oe aopqrean] _kj`aj]`k ]h hei^k fqnÂŽ`e_k* >qajk( _“ik aop]nƒ h] _ko] mqa h] lnk_q mqa `ao]pej]`]iajpa `eneca ?dƒrav " ?dƒrav je oemqean] d] `]`k ah ik`ahk `a h] _]iekjap] aj h] mqa bqa oknlnaj`e`k ah

%JFHP Z FM IBJHB TJEP DPNP IBJHB TJEP l]jeop]( _kik oe aopk lq`ean] ejpanbanen aj h] ejraopec]_e“j mqa _]`] rav oa l]na_a iƒo ]h _]ok L]qhappa* ÂźJk aop]nƒ >]v^]v ]h bnajpa `a h]o laomqeo]o; Ajpna l]nŠjpaoeo( u] ]jqj_e“ LaÂ’]jeapk u LaÂ’]lk^na mqa aj aopko `ÂŽ]o oa narah]nƒj cn]j`ao oa_napko ]hna`a`kn `a aopa ]oqjpk `kj`a( oacqn]iajpa( oa _kjĂšni]nƒ hk mqa hko _eajpÂŽĂš_ko iatemqajoao u] d]^ÂŽ]j ]Ăšni]`k6 mqa pk`k bqa _qhl] `a h] _]i] u oqo _“ilhe_ao h]o oƒ^]j]o u ah a`na`“j* ?kik mqean] mqa oa]( ?]h`an“j aopƒ `ao]p]`k _kik aj hko iafknao peailko `a Bkt( _q]j`k dehr]j]^] cn]j`ao `a_h]n]_ekjao( _q]j`k re]) f]^] lkn ah iqj`k u oqo ]hna`a`knao* Ej_hqok oa h]jv“ _kjpn] hko la`an]op]o l]n] aop]n ] h] ik`]( ]dkn] mqa ?dao]nepk J]r] aopƒ `eopn]ÂŽ`k aj Uq_]pƒj pn]p]j`k `a _kjpn]nnaop]n( aj ah iafkn aopehk `ah lanna`eoik( ah iqu oapajpank hajcq]fa pneqjb]heop] `ah LNE _kj oq h“ce_] `ah _]nnk _kilhapk u I]pnet L]na`ao nalepeaj`k _q]h p]n]^ehh] hk `ah pneqjbk ennaranoe^ha*

U ^qajk( Fahelehhk nai]p“( aj qj _]ok ]˜j iƒo atpn]Â’k mqa ah iajo]fa okhe`]nek `ah ALN ] h] b]iehe] `ah Oq^faba @eack $k hko cqannehhanko oa aopƒj _qn]j`k aj o]hq` k hk mqa oecqa ao mqa ]l]nav_]j `aolhac]`ko `a ]lkuk `ah Lafa u `a hko _kiqjanko `a Lqjp] @e]i]jpa%( `kj`a `]`]o h]o _en_qjop]j_e]o mqa rera ah IŠte_k _kjpailknƒjak aj i]pane] `a rekhaj_e] a ejoacqne`]`( d]u _h]nko oecjko `a _khki^e]jev]_e“j mqa( mqevƒ( oa ]cq`e_aj* K oa]( ÂźmqŠ oecqa( mqa Ah ?d]lk u Ah I]uk oa qj]j ] =h M]a`]; Hk mqa u] jk oa oqlk ao oe ah oaÂ’kn `a Hko Lejko pqrk ]hcqj] kleje“j ok^na mqa h] b]iehe] `a Banjƒj`av `a ?ar]hhko( mqevƒ qj lk_k d]np] `a mqa h] LCN( oec] fqc]j`k ]h lkhe_ÂŽ] _dejk( de_eankj qj hh]i]`k l]n] mqa mqeajao peajaj aj oq lk`an ]h at oaj]`kn oa _kiqjemqaj l]n] jack_e]n oq he^an]_e“j* Iƒo r]ha okhkoĂ… .D `W_he$YWb_nje6c_b[d_e$Yec mmm$jm_jj[h$Yec%`W_heYWb_nje

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

B7 >?IJEH?7 ;D 8H;L; :`if > d\q C\pmX

/

Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko jk ao _]j`e`]pk ] h] Lnaoe`aj_e] `a h] Nal ^he_]( `elqp]`k k oaj]`kn* Ao qj laj]heop] b]ikok* Qj dki^na ne_k* Qj] _aha^ne`]`* H] ]qpkne`]` jk peaja k^hec]_e j jejcqj] `a j]nn]n aj aleok`eko h] deopkne] `a oq lh]cek( `ao]l]ne_e j( k hk mqa d]u] oe`k* @q`k( oej ai^]nck( mqa ah ck^eanjk ba) `an]h u ah `a Mqan p]nk naoeop]j 04 dkn]o i o h] lnaoe j `a mqeajao la`eiko jkp]o( jkp]o* Hk `q`k( ] lao]n `a mqa peajaj qj ]ncqiajpk enna^]pe^ha6 h] `ahe_]`av] `ah _]ok eilkja ah oehaj_ek* D]^h]n l]n] o]_e]n h] ]re`av lanek` ope_] lk`n ] oecjeÚ_]n qj neaock ]`e_ekj]h l]n]

ah Faba @eack* ?nak mqa oq b]iehe] i]n_ ]uan h] l]qp] _kj _h]ne`]`* Aj ao_qap]o pnao h ja]o( oej qj ]`faperk mqa ajoq_ea ah patpk( ]cn]`a_a ah ejpan o `a h] ok_ea`]`( lank aheca qj] aopn]pace] u qj ejpanhk_qpkn* Jk mqeana ao_ j`]hk( oejk ajp]^h]n _kj) p]_pk u jack_e]n _kj mqeajao oa hhar]nkj ] @eack* =o ao mqa _]`] mqeaj ] hk oquk* H] b]ie) he]( ] nao_]p]n ]h L]`na l]`nkja* Jkokpnko( ] o]_]n jkp] `a h]o lea`n]o* H] ]qpkne`]`( ] d]_an ah pn]^]fk `a ejpahecaj_e] u lkhe_ ]( u ] pn]c]noa h] ejbkni]_e j* Lkn ah ^eaj `a @eack( kf]h ]cq]jpaj* .D ]ec[pb[olW6c_b[d_e$Yec

·1PCSFT TFDVFTUSBEPSFT

[b fW i Z[b dkdYW `WXWp

e ah c]^ejapa `a Fko ?]hv]) `] aop]^] ]h p]jpk ]uan `a h]o naqjekjao mqa oq faba( ah ck^anj]`kn `a Mqan p]nk( d] paje`k _kj ah lnk_qn]`kn ?d rav ?d rav u ah oa_nap]nek C iav Ikjp* Lkn lneian] rav aj iq_dk peailk( ah Aop]`k iate_]jk d] lk`e`k eilkjan ah daniapeo) ik aj qj ]oqjpk mqa( ] Új `a _qajp]o( ao qj] ]cnaoe j _kjpn] qj _eq`]`]jk _ki j u _knneajpa( jk qj lq^he_ ]bb]en* D] oe`k qj ]_eanpk* Hko lanek`eop]o mqeoe n]iko `]pko( leo) p]o( Úhpn]_ekjao( at_hqoer]o* U h]o r]iko ] oacqen pn]p]j`k `a aj_kjpn]n* Lank @eack

5SBHBSTF MB JOGPSNBDJuO EFM +FGF %JFHP

9K8Ñ9KBE ;IJH7Jx=?9E :Xicfj DfkX

-

] jkpe_e] i o nahar]jpa aj ah eje_ek `a aop] oai]j] peaja mqa ran _kj qjk `a hko nav]cko i o l]pajpao `a I te_k( u h] bahev okhq_e j mqa u] ]l]na_a aj ah ao_aj]nek6 ah _]ilk u h] ]`kl_e j `ah i] v pn]joc je_k* ¼Mq d] k_qnne`k; Mqa aop]iko ] `ko oai]j]o `a _kjk_an ah naoqhp]`k `a h] oeai^n] atlaneiajp]h `a i] v pn]joc je_k aj Okjkn] u Oej]hk] $At_ hoekn( -3),1).,-,%* Ajpna ah cnqlk `a ej`ere`qko ejpanao]) `ko aj ah pai] `a hko pn]joc je_ko _en_qh] u] qj `k_qiajpk( pepqh]`k ÎSdepa >kkg6 Cajape_]hhu Ik`eÚa` ?nkloÏ( mqa na_kca h] ejraopec]_e j _eajp Ú_] naola_pk `a hko knc]jeoiko caj pe_]iajpa ik`eÚ_]`ko u h] atlaneaj_e] `a h] Nal ^he_] ?da_] ]h nao) la_pk* Ah `k_qiajpk ao peh ] h] hqv `a h] b]oa atlaneiajp]h mqa oa rera aj jqaopnk l] o(

-PT USBOTHlOJDPT FTUfO GVODJPOBOEP

BM GSFOUF

;D FH?L7:E AfXhl e C g\q$ ; i`^X M%

¶%uOEF FTUf %JFHP Lqao oe ah lnk^hai] ao `a lan_al_e j( lakn l]n] h] lan_al_e j* Bhknaop j

-

] `ah o ^]`k bqa qj] fknj]`] bnaj pe_] aj h] _]o] lnaoe`aj_e]h( deop ne_] aj ]hcqjko ia`eko u ajpna _eanpko ]_pknao lkh pe_ko u ia`e pe_ko( u ]jcqopeko] l]n] h] b]iehe] Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko* Hko lneianko ejbkniao ok^na h] `ao]l]) ne_e j `a @eack hhac]nkj ] Hko Lejko dkn]o ]jpao `a h] o]he`] `ah lnaoe`ajpa ?]h`an j ] O]jp]j`an( _kik l]npa `a h] cen] mqa hk hhar]) n ] S]odejcpkj( `kj`a i] ]j] eje_e] qj] reoep] `a Aop]`k* Ah Lnaoe`ajpa na_e^ ] h] ao_]o] ejbkni]_e j _kj h] mqa oa _kjp]^]( @eack aop]^] `ao]l]) na_e`k( oej o]^anoa j]`] i o( oe aop]^] rerk k iqanpk* L]n] _kilhe_]nha h] caope j( paj ] `ko arajpko l ^he_ko ]caj`]`ko aoa o ^]`k6 ]^]j`an]ieajpk `a h] oaha__e j `a bqp^kh u @ ] `ah I]aopnk _kj pk`k u Ah^] Aopdan* Jk o mq ha d]^n l]o]`k lkn h] _]^av] _q]j`k Can]n`k Pknn]`k hk ejrep ]h fqack ej]qcqn]h aj Oq` bne_] je mq lajo _q]j`k ao_q_d]^] ah `eo_qnok `a h] Ckn`ehhk( u h oej _kjk_an h] oqanpa `a Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko( _kj ah mqa jk cq]n`] qj] ^qaj] nah]_e j* = h] aolan] `a ejbkni]_e j napn]o oq o]) he`]( ieajpn]o _knnac ] ah _kiqje_]`k ]jpa h] `ao]l]ne_e j `ah l]jeop] u h]o ranoekjao bqan] `a o mqa _en_qh]^]j* Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko ao( oej `q`]( qjk `a hko lkh pe_ko i o _kjk_e`ko `ah l] o lank( ok^na pk`k( h] cn]ra`]` `ah da_dk u h] ]pn]_) _e j jkpe_eko] oa _ajpn]( ]`ai o `ah neaock `a h] re`]( aj oq nkh _kik _]j`e`]pk lnaoe) `aj_e]h aj -550( pan_e] knecej]h ]mqahh] `a h] mqa oa aheiej `a qj penk aj h] _]^av] ] qjk `a ahhko( Hqeo @kj]h`k ?khkoek( u ]dkn]( -2 ] ko `aolq o( `ao]l]na_a kpnk( Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko* @a h] nah]_e j `a da_dko( mqa jk l]o] `a `a_en mqa oa `ao_kjk_a oq l]n]`ank( hk i o eilknp]jpa ao ah _kiqje_]`k `]`k ] _kjk_an ]uan lkn =jpkjek Hkv]jk Cn]_e] aj ah mqa h] b]iehe] Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko le`a ] hko _]l) pknao mqa oa lkjc]j aj _kjp]_pk _kj ahhko* @a ]d aj bqan]( h] oepq]_e j ]jk_da an] h] ieoi] mqa h] `ah o ^]`k6 oa `ao_kjk_a ah l]n]`ank `a @eack u oq aop]`k `a o]hq`* Ah peailk _knna*

H[jWb[i u aileav] _kj qj] _kjpqj`ajpa bn]oa6 ÎH] deopkne] `a hko `ao_q^neieajpko dqi]jko i o eilknp]jpao iqaopn] mqa h] e`akhkc ] bqj`]iajp]heop]( h] ecjkn]j_e] u h] _k`e_e] oqahaj ok^nalkjanoa ] h] ran`]`( lank o hk lkn qj lanek`k heiep]`k `a peailkÅÏ* Okj iq_dko hko ^ajaÚ_eko mqa aop j ]l]na_eaj`k u] aj Okjkn] u Oej]hk] `a qpehev]n i] v pn]joc je_k* Ah lnej_el]h u] aop k_qnneaj`k6 h] lnk`q_pere`]` `a hko _qhperko oa aop `eol]n]j`k /, lkn _eajpk* Aop j naoeopeaj`k ] h]o lh]c]o `a ejoa_pko u ] h]o i]hav]o* Ah Sdepa >kkg nabane`k d] `k_qiajp]`k jqpne`] are`aj_e] naola_pk `a hko ^ajaÚ_eko `a aopko _qhperko aj i] v( l]l] k _d _d]nk( a ej_hqok naola_pk `a hko qoko lkpaj_e]hao `ah pafe`k `a h] l]l] u `ah pki]pa l]n] _qh) per]n lnkpa j] ]ok_e]`] ]h renqo `ah l]lehk)

i] dqi]jk( _kj ]lhe_]_ekjao bqpqn]o lkn `ao_q^nen* Ah _]iejk `a h] _eaj_e] jk `a^an ] jqj_] oan `apaje`k lkn h] lkh pe_]( _kik d] oe`k ah _]ok aj I te_k Íaopko ]r]j_ao d]j oe`k hajpko lkn napn]oko ^qnk_n pe_ko `a h] ]qpk) ne`]` ba`an]h u lkn lnaoe j `a cnqlko _kik Cnaajla]_a* Lkn ahhk d]u mqa lnaop]n ]paj_e j ] hk mqa _kj_hqua aopa Sdepa >kkg6 ÎH]o `a_eoekjao ok^na ik`eÚ_]_ekjao caj pe_]o jk `a^an ]j _kjpn]`a_en h] are) `aj_e] _eajp Ú_]7 h]o ar]hq]_ekjao a_kj ie) _]o `a^an ]j oan ar]hq]`]o aj _kil]n]_e j _kj kpn]o p _je_]o7 h]o p _je_]o `a oaha__e j `a^an ]j oan ar]hq]`]o lnej_el]hiajpa aj nah]_e j _kj hko naoqhp]`ko( i o mqa aj bqj_e j `ah lnk_aok aj o Ï( ajpna kpn]o _kj_hqoekjao* .D cejWYWhbei'&&6]cW_b$Yec

-* =PN=??EêJ B=P=H* H] LCN jk ]pn]fk h] ejrao) pec]_e j `ah _]ok @eack( lank o h] ejbkni]_e j* Ne_]n`k J fan]( mqa oa napn]p] okhk l]n] aok `a h] _kjbqoe j( nal]npe ]uan _kik jkpe_e] qj] _]h_] `ah ^khap j mqa d]^ ] `]`k ah `kiejck* Lank ]o ao h* Hk oquk( hk oquk( ao h] _kjbqoe j* ½U aok mqa jk bqa Iecqah êo_]n .* AOLEJK* Ah at lnaoe`ajpa `ah L=J I]jqah Aolejk _kjpne^qu ] h] deopane] ejbkni]per]* Ah o ^]`k lq^he_ aj Pseppan mqa @eack d]^ ] iqanpk u mqa oq _]` ran aop]^] aj ah _]ilk iehep]n* Kpn] atlnaoe j `k_qiajp]`] `a oq klan]n* Hqack ha mqeok a_d]n h] _qhl] ] F]rean ?knn]h7 u /* ?KNN=H* D]^h]j`k `a ?knn]h( bqa ^]pa]`k lkn oqo l]nao aj ?dedq]dq] u aj ah ?kiep Afa_qperk J]_ekj]h `ah L=J( mqa ha _ann]nkj h] lqanp] _kik _kjoafank lkh pe_k* H] ]o]i^ha] ao ah o ^]`k* U h( bqan]* Jko raiko i] ]j]( lank aj lner]`k* .D bef[pZeh_]W6c_b[d_e$Yec

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

&M UFNB

P

i[]kh_ZWZ

ºJeZe [ij| XW`e Yedjheb" i[]‘d bW FheYkhWZkh‡W Z[ @kij_Y_W Z[b ;ijWZe

Feh bW XWbWY[hW" bW F@; i[bbW [djhWZWi o iWb_ZWi [d bW [dj_ZWZ Bei ef[hWj_lei _cfb[c[djWZei [d [b j[hh_jeh_e [ijWjWb feh bWi \k[hpWi WhcWZWi o Z[ i[]kh_ZWZ f‘Xb_YW ied ºdehcWb[i" i[]‘d W\_hcWY_ed[i Z[b fheYkhWZeh Z[b [ijWZe 7hjkhe :‡Wp H_l[hW

9eb_cW3?\`[` [\ C\�e >lk`„ii\q

"

n]Žv `a h] ^]h]_an] k_q) nne`] ah `kiejck aj h] vkj] jknpa `a h] _eq`]` _]lep]h( h] Lnk_qn]`qnŽ] `a Fqope_e] `ah Aop]`k $LFA% eilhaiajp“ qj klan]perk `a ejpahecaj_e] l]n] _kjpnkh]n h]o ajpn]`]o u o]he`]o `ah aop]`k* Hk ]jpanekn bqa ejbkni]`k lkn ah ieoik lnk_qn]`kn =npqnk @Ž]v Neran]( mqeaj ]`aiƒo atlhe_“ mqa h]o ejop]h]_ekjao `a h] Lnk_qn]`q) nŽ] `a Fqope_e] aopƒj naocq]n`]`]o lkn ahaiajpko lkhe_Ž]_ko( mqeajao aopƒj _kjpnkh]j`k ah ejcnaok ] `e_d] `alaj`aj_e]* Oej ai^]nck( atlhe_“ mqa aopa pelk `a klan]perko okj jkni]hao u oa ikjp]j oeailna mqa oq_a) `aj da_dko `ahe_perko( _kik hko naceopn]`ko ah `kiejck ]h ia`ek `Ž] u aj h] p]n`a( _q]j`k r]ne]o lanokj]o oa ajbnajp]nkj ] ^]h]vko aj _khkje]o `ah jknpa `a h] _eq`]` _]lep]h `a ?khei]* Ah lnk_qn]`kn =npqnk @Ž]v Neran] ]_alp“ mqa h]o k_dk lanokj]o `apa)

‰&TUBNPT B UJFNQP EF NFKPSBS MB TFHVSJEBEŠ $MFSP ;b leY[he Z[ bW :_ŒY[i_i Z[ 9eb_cW" @[i‘i

C[dZepW Fh[Y_WZe" Z_`e de j[d[h [b[c[djei Z[ fhk[# XW gk[ Y[hj_\_gk[d mqa h]o _knlkn]_ekjao lkhe_e]_]o `a h] ajpe`]` aopƒj oeaj`k na^]o]`]o lkn h] `ahej) _qaj_e]* Oej ai^]nck( `efk _naan mqa ĂŽaop]iko ] peailk l]n] iafkn]n h] oacqne`]`Ă? aj ah aop]`k* Ajpnareop]`k ok^na ah ajbnajp]ieajpk ] ^]h]vko mqa( aopa `kiejck okopqreankj ahaiajpko `a `erano]o _knlkn]_ek) jao lkhe_e]_]o `a h] ajpe`]` u qj cnqlk `a `ahej_qajpao( ah na_pkn `a h] >]oÂŽhe_] Iajkn oa lnkjqj_e“ lknmqa h] lkhe_ÂŽ] oeailna aopŠ aj hko lqjpko `a receh]j_e] _qe`]j`k h] oacq) ne`]` `a hko _eq`]`]jko* Devk qj hh]i]`k ] hko bahecnaoao l]n] mqa d]u] qj] o]j] _kjreraj_e]* U `efk6 ĂŽLeajok mqa qj] je`]o ah `kiejck okj ĂŽcajpa lahe) cnko]Ă?( lank jk narah“ iƒo `ap]hhao( ]ncqiajp]j`k mqa ]˜j oa aopƒ ejpacn]j`k h] ]ranecq]_e“j* ĂŽAj aok la`eiko h] _kilnajoe“j `a hko ia`eko `a _kiqje_]_e“j( u] ]uan $ah `kiejck% oa ajre]nkj `ko ^khapejao `kj`a oa ejbkni]^]j hko da_dko mqa oa d]^ÂŽ]j naceopn]`k u hko `a_kieoko `a ]ni]oĂ?( `efk*

`a h]o ]pne^q_ekjao mqa peaja ah ck^eanjk _ereh u p]i^eŠj _]`] qjk `a hko _eq`]`]jko( ao ran lkn hko `aiƒo lkn ah ^eaj _ki˜jĂ?* @aop]_“ mqa `a^a d]^an qj] _kkn`ej]_e“j ajpna h]o ]qpkne`]`ao u h] lk^h]_e“j ĂŽl]n] hkcn]n h] oacqne`]`Ă?* = h] lnacqjp] `a oe aj h]o l]nnkmqe]o jk oa d]j lnaoajp]`k da_dko `ahe_perko( ]lqjp“ mqa ĂŽ^qa) jkh( d]u cajpa mqa oa hhar] h]o heikoj]o `a hko pai) lhko( nkilaj hk _aopko u oa hhar]j hk mqa h] ieoi] cajpa aopƒ `]j`k* Jk ao _ki˜j mqa oa lnaoajpaj( lank oÂŽ oa d]j `]`k aopa pelk `a oepq]_ekjaoĂ?* 9eb_cW3<:D

@Ž]v Neran] i]jebaop“ mqa aj pk`ko hko iqje_eleko d]u qj] ]hanp]( lkn hk mqa pk`]o h]o _knlkn]_ek) jao lkhe_e]_]o iqje_el]hao `a^aj l]pnqhh]n hko naola_perko iqje_e) leko( lkn oacqne`]`* Ejoeope“ mqa ah klan]perk ao jkni]h( lkn hk mqa le`e“ ] h] lk^h]) _e“j jk ]h]ni]noa a ejoeope“ aj la`en ] hko ia`eko `a _kiqje_]_e“j oq

FeXbWY_Œd h[fehjW l_l_h _di[]kh_ZWZ f[eh W bW Z[ ^WY[ Zei W‹ei

_kilnajoe“j ]h jk lk`an narah]n iƒo `ap]hhao `ah ]oqjpk* Lkn ˜hpeik( ah bqj_ekj]nek aop]p]h jk mqeok lna_eo]n _qƒjpko ahaiajpko lkhe_e]_ko aopƒj _qopk`e]j`k h] Lnk_q) n]`qnÂŽ] `a Fqope_e]( ^]fk ah ]ncqiajpk `a mqa ao _qaope“j `a oacqne`]`( lank ]oaran“ ĂŽpk`k aopƒ ^]fk _kjpnkhĂ?* Ah `kiejck l]o]`k( ahaiajpko `a `erano]o _knlkn]_ekjao lkhe_e]_]o oa

Ied ][dj[ f[b_]heiW bWi eY^e f[hiedWi ajbnajp]nkj ] penko _kj qj cnqlk `a oqfapko mqa( pn]o oan lanoacqe`ko `qn]jpa r]ne]o _q]`n]o( oa ]pnej_dan]nkj ] qj `kie_ehek _an_]jk ]h _kpk naoe`aj_e]h L]nmqa Nku]h( aj h] vkj] jknpa `a h] J7F?HE

F[hWbjW I|dY^[p h[YedeY[ Wkc[dje [d _di[]kh_ZWZ I_d _d\ehcWY_ÂŒd Z[

i_ 9eb_cW [ij| i_[dZe Z_ifkjWZW feh bei Z[b_dYk[dj[i" Z_Y[ 9eb_cW3<c`qXY\k_ :Xjk`ccf D„e[\q

&

h ]h_]h`a( FkoŠ Ecj]_ek Lan]hp] Oƒj_dav( na_kjk_e“ mqa hko Žj`e_ao `a ejoacqne`]` aj ah iqje_elek oa aopƒj ej_naiaj) p]j`k( u] mqa aj ]hcqj]o _khkje]o

`a h] vkj] kneajpa `a h] _eq`]` ĂŽd] oe`k iqu _h]nk u i]n_]`k ah `apaneknk mqa nalknp]j $hko _eq) `]`]jko% aj ah oajpe`k `a mqa aj aopa ikiajpk oa reraj oepq]_ekjao `a ejoacqne`]` mqa okj laknao ] h]o mqa oa rerÂŽ]j d]_a qjk qj ]Â’k( d]_a `ko ]Â’koĂ?* =h peailk mqa `efk jk pajan ahaiajpko k ejbkni]_e“j l]n] ]oacqn]n mqa ?khei] aopŠ oeaj`k `eolqp]`]( _kik qj] lh]v] `ah j]n_kpnƒbe_k lkn l]npa `a cnqlko `a h] `ahej) _qaj_e] knc]jev]`]*

=oŽ( oa’]h“ mqa ?khei] ]h ecq]h mqa ah naopk `a h]o ajpe`]`ao ba`a) n]per]o ao ]ba_p]`] lkn h] ^]p]hh] k cqann] mqa he^n] ah ck^eanjk ba`an]h _kj hko cnqlko `a `ahej_qaj_e] knc]jev]`]( l]npe_qh]niajpa _kj ah j]n_kpnƒbe_k( hk _q]h k_]oekj] qj ej_naiajpk aj hko jerahao `a ejoacqne`]`7 ]h ]cnac]n mqa ah pai] `a h] oacqne`]` ao h] `ai]j`] iƒo naepan]`] lkn hko _kheiajoao aj h]o naqjekjao ra_ej]hao mqa okopeajaj `ebanajpao _khkje]o `a h] _eq`]`*

7bYWbZ[ i[‹WbŒ gk[ 9eb_cW [i W\[YjWZW _]kWb gk[ [b fW‡i" feh bkY^W li [b dWhYe

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

9EHJ;IÑ7

FM UFNB

H[YedeY[ bW F=H W \k[hpWi [ijWjWb[i o Wb ;` hY_je _dj[hl[dY_ d efehjkdW

:[j[hc_dWh|d i_ Z[b_dYk[dY_W eh]Wd_pWZW ef[hW [d 9eb_cW J7F?HE

9eb_cW de f[hc_j_h|

gk[ bei Z[b_dYk[dj[i i_[dj[ iki XWi[i Wgk 0 @[i i EhepYe 7b\Whe 9eb_cW3 @mfee\ 9XiXaXj

1

Z[j[d_ZWi1 f[he W d i[ Yedj_d W Yed bW _dl[ij_]WY_ d" WY[fjW [b fheYkhWZeh

_eq`]`( `kj`a bej]hiajpa bqankj _]lpqn]`ko _ej_k `a hko oqfapko mqa oa d]^ ]j nabqce]`k aj qj] lnklea`]` `a h] _]hha =cqop j U jav* Lkn h] p]n`a `a aoa ieoik ` ]( kpn]o

pnao lanokj]o bqankj `apaje`]o aj h] _khkje] Hki]o Ran`ao( ] mqeajao oa hao `a_kieo]nkj ]hcqj]o ]ni]o `a ]hpk _]he^na u `a qok at_hqoerk `a h]o bqanv]o ]ni]`]o* .&

Lna_eo mqa ah `apaneknk `a h] oacqne`]` mqa d]u aj ]hcqj]o _khkje]o `a vkj] kneajpa( oa d]j nalknp]`k ] h] Lkhe_ ] Aop]p]h Lna) rajper]( Î] mqeajao ha la`eiko mqa _k]`uqraj _kj jkokpnko l]n] mqa ah _eq`]`]jk oa oeajp] oacqnk u l]n] mqa aopko j`e_ao u lan_al_e j `a hko _eq`]`]jko aj ah oajpe`k `a mqa h] ejoacqne`]` oa aop ej_naiaj) p]j`k( `eoiejqu] u nacnaoaiko ]h aop j`]n ]h mqa aop]iko ]_ko) pqi^n]`ko aj ?khei]Ï* Hqack `a i]jebaop]n oq lnak_q) l]_e j lkn hko oq_aoko `ahe_perko naceopn]`ko ah l]o]`k `kiejck( aj `kj`a oa ajbnajp]nkj `ko cnqlko ]ni]`ko( Lan]hp] O j_dav `efk qjenoa ] h] atecaj_e] `a hko _khe) iajoao Î`a mqa oa d]c] ]hck ]h naola_pk u oa pkiaj h]o ia`e`]o $l]n]% mqa lk`]iko aj ?khei] rkhran ] reren aj h] pn]jmqehe`]` u oacqne`]` ] h] mqa aop]iko ]_kopqi^n]`koÏ*

= qj] lnacqjp]( nabene jk pajan ejbkni]_e j mqa _kjbenia h] lan_al_e j _eq`]`]j] `a mqa d]u] i o _]o]o `a oacqne`]` `a cnqlko `a h] `ahej_qaj_e] knc]jev]`] aj h] vkj] jknpa* Oej ai^]nck( oqcene ] h]o _kn) lkn]_ekjao lkhe_e]_]o mqa hharaj ] _]^k klan]perko aj ]mqahh]o _]o]o mqa ]l]najpaiajpa aop j ]^]j`kj]`]o k mqa pajc]j ajpn]) `]o u o]he`]o $`a oqo d]^ep]jpao% aolkn `e_]o( mqa jk pajc]j qj] ]_pere`]` _kpe`e]j]* Ah ]h_]h`a `a ?khei] devk atpajoerk ah hh]i]`k ] h] lk^h]) _e j( l]n] mqa nalknpa ] h]o _kn) lkn]_ekjao lkhe_e]_]o _q]hmqean _]o] aj `kj`a d]u] ikreieaj) pko okola_dkoko `a lanokj]o u rad _qhko _kj lh]_]o `a kpn]o ajpe`]`ao* =`ai o( `efk jk d]^an na_e^e`k aj hk lanokj]h ]hcqj] ]iaj]v] lkn l]npa `a h] `ahej_qaj_e]* .&

kn _kjoe`an]n mqa oan ] Î]rajpqn]`k a eilna_eokÏ _kjbeni]n mqa d]u cnqlko `a `ahej_qaj_e] knc]jev]`] klan]j`k aj ?khei]( Fao o Knkv_k =hb]nk lnabeana mqa h]o ]qpkne`]`ao _kilapajpao Ìaj aopa _]ok h] LCNÍ]r]j_aj aj h]o ejraopec]_ekjao7 oej ai^]nck `aop]_ mqa ?khei] aop `a_e`e`k ] `]n h] ^]p]hh] ] hko cnqlko `a j]n_k) pn]be_]jpao k oe_]neko mqa ejpajpaj aop]^ha_anoa aj aop] ajpe`]`6 ÎJk r]iko ] laniepen mqa h] `ahej_qaj_e] knc]jev]`] oeajpa oqo ^]oao ]mq aj ah aop]`kÏ* Ah oa_nap]nek cajan]h `a ck^eanjk jk _kjbeni ( lkn _]na_an `a ahaiaj) pko( mqa cnqlko `a j]n_kpn]be_]jpao aop j `eolqp]j`k h] lh]v] `a ?khei]6 Î@a mqa d]u `ahej_qajpao hko d]u `a i]jan] lani]jajpa( lank d]op] ah ` ] `a ]uan jk oa d]^ ] oqo_ep]`k qj ej_e`ajpa `a aop] i]cjepq`Ï( oa ]h ( d]_eaj`k nabanaj_e] ] h] ^]h]_an] mqa oa naceopn aj h] vkj] jknpa `a h] _eq`]`* ÎAh _ki^]pa ] h] `ahej_qaj_e] knc]) jev]`] ao qj] bqj_e j mqa ha _knnao) lkj`a na]hev]n ] ejop]j_e]o ba`an]hao( ah aop]`k aop d]_eaj`k h] l]npa mqa ha _knnaolkj`a aj aopa ]oqjpkÏ( `efk Fao o Knkv_k =hb]nk7 mqeaj ]oacqn mqa aj hko ln teiko ` ]o lk`n ] d]^an i o `apaje`ko( naoqhp]`k `ah ]r]j_a `a h]o ejraopec]_ekjao* H] LCFA _kjoecj]n ] hko `apaje`ko ] h] LCN* Na_kjk_e h] _kkn`ej]_e j `a hko _qanlko lkhe_ ]_ko u `ah Af n_epk J]_ekj]h mqa Ìcn]_e]o ] oq ejpanraj)

Bei Yk[hfei feb_Y_WYei j_[d[d bW YWfWY_ZWZ Z[ h[ifk[ijW o WYY_ d" Z_`e _e j klknpqj]Í hkcn]nkj h] _]lpqn] `a _ej_k oqfapko( ah ]oacqn]ieajpk `a ]ni]o `a qok nach]iajp]nek `ah af n_epk u h] `apaj_e j `a rad _qhko ^hej`]`ko* ÎAj ?khei] oa i]j`] qj] oa ]h iqu _h]n] `a mqa jk oa r] ] lanie) pen mqa oa oeajpa h] `ahej_qaj_e]( `a mqa r]iko ] ]_pq]n _kj pk`] h] nao) lkjo]^ehe`]` u h] i]ukn aba_pere`]` lkoe^ha $Å% d]u qj] `a_eoe j `a l]npa `ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k `a lkjan aj fqack pk`] h] _]l]_e`]` `a naolqaop] `a hko `eopejpko _qanlko lkhe_ ]_koÏ( lna_eo Fao o Knkv_k =hb]nk( aj qj] jqpne`] nqa`] `a lnajo]*

=qjmqa d] d]^e`k ej_e`ajpao mqa jk oa d]^ ]j lnaoajp]`k _kj ]jpanekne`]`( hko _qanlko lkhe_ ]_ko peajaj h] _]l]_e`]` `a naolqaop] u ]__e j l]n] d]_anhao bnajpa( c]n]jpev * =h _qaopekj]nha oe hko `apaje`ko lqnc]n ]j oq laj] aj hko ?ajpnko `a Na]`]lp]_e j `ah Aop]`k atlhe_ mqa( o]hrk mqa h] lnk_qn]`qn ] e`aj) pebe_]n] lahecnkoe`]` eilknp]jpa aj ]hcqjk `a ahhko( oa okhe_ep]n ] ah pn]oh]`k ] qj] lnaoe j ba`an]h( `a hk _kjpn]nek _qilhen j oq _kj`aj] aj ]hcqjk `a hko ?anaoko d]^ehe) p]`ko aj ah aop]`k* .&

<k[hed Z[j[d_Zei bW i[cWdW fWiWZW [d CWdpWd_bbe

Fh[ikdjei fbW]_Wh_ei oW [ij|d fh[iei Bei jh[i _dZ_l_Zkei

Whh[ijWZei [d 9^WdZ_WXbe" fWiWhed feh C_d_ij[h_e F Xb_Ye 9eb_cW3D`c\e`f

&

h ]cajpa `ah Iejeopanek L ^he_k `a h] Ba`an]_e j ]`o_nepk ] h] Oq^oa`a `a I]jv]jehhk afan_ep ]__e j laj]h _kjpn] ?]nhko R]nc]o Nauao( Eon]ah Iaj`kv] Aj_eok u Kpehek Iqne k( lkn oq lnaoqjp] naolkjo]^ehe`]` laj]h aj h] _kieoe j `ah `ahepk `a lknp]_e j `a ]ni] `a bqack `a qok at_hqoerk `a h]o Bqanv]o

=ni]`]o( ]o _kik lkn oq lna) oqjp] naolkjo]^ehe`]` laj]h aj h] _kieoe j `ah `ahepk _kjpn] h] o]hq`( aj h] ik`]he`]` `a lkoaoe j `a i]nedq]j]* Oac j _kjop] aj ah atla`eajpa( aop]o pnao lanokj]o bqankj `apa) je`]o lkn ahaiajpko `ah Af n_epk Iate_]jk _kik naoqhp]`k `a qj] `ajqj_e] ]j jei]( h] _q]h ]han) p]^] mqa aj ah lk^h]`k `a ?d]j) `e]^hk( I]jv]jehhk( aj ah lna`ek `ajkiej]`k N]j_dk Jqark( d]^ ] ikreieajpk `a lanokj]o ]ni]`]o( lkn hk mqa lanokj]h _]opnajoa oa `enece ]h oepek oa ]h]`k* Aj ah klan]perk bqa _kjoecj]`k ]ni]iajpk `a `eranok _]he^na( ]oe _kik qj ajrkhpknek `a lh ope_k

mqa _kjpaj ] ]lnktei]`]iajpa 0, cn]iko `a i]nedq]j]* Aj ah hqc]n bqa nao_]p]`] qj] lan) okj] h] _q]h oa aj_kjpn]^] lner]`] `a oq he^anp]`( lkn hk mqa ah ]cajpa `ah Iejeopanek L ^he_k `a h] Ba`an]_e j ajre ah `aochkoa `ah atla`eajpa ] oq dki jeik `ah bqank _ki j( _kj h] bej]he`]` `a mqa _kjpej a h] ejrao) pec]_e j aj h] lkoe^ha _kieoe j `a `ahepko `a oq _kilapaj_e]* Lkn aopko da_dko( ah Beo_]h Ba`an]h ejpacn u _kjoecj h] ]ranecq]_e j lnare] =L+LCN+?KH+I=J)E+03+.,-, u `af ] hko ej`e_e]`ko na_hqe`ko aj ah ?ANAOK `a ?khei] ] `eolkoe_e j `ah Fqvc]`k Lneiank `a @eopnepk aj ah aop]`k( aj aolan] `a mqa `abej] oq oepq]_e j fqn `e_]* .&

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

$PMJNB Bei b[]_ibWZeh[i beYWb[i i[ Yecfhec[j_[hed Z[iZ[ [b c[i \[Xh[he

I_d \[Y^W W d fWhW WkZ_jWh bei h[Ykhiei Wb 9ed]h[ie 7dj[i j[d[cei

I;H=?E 9;HL7DJ;I

ejhei Wikdjei gk[ Z[X[cei Wj[dZ[h" Z_`e H_]eX[hje IWbWpWh 9eb_cW3DXi`f 8cY\ikf Jfc j <jg`efjX

/

k d]u ba_d] l]n] mqa oa]j ]q`ep]`ko hko na_qnoko mqa oa afan) _aj aj ah Lk`an Haceo) h]perk( ]qj _q]j`k hko `elqp]`ko oa _kilnkiapeankj ] okhe_ep]n ]h ênc]jk Oqlanekn `a =q`epkn ] u Beo_]hev]_e j Cq^an) j]iajp]h $Ko]bec% mqa nareoa h] i]jan] aj mqa oa c]op] ah `ejank aj ah ?kjcnaok hk_]h* Ah lnaoe`ajpa `a h] ?kieoe j `a D]_eaj`] `a h] HRE Haceoh]) pqn]( Neck^anpk O]h]v]n Rah]o_k( oa _kilnkiape `ao`a ah iao `a ba^nank ] la`en qj] ]q`epkn ] l]n] _kilnk^]n mqa Îhko `elqp]`ko hk_]hao afan_aj _knna_p]iajpa ah `ejank mqa na_e^ajÏ* Aj aoa ajpkj_ao( Neck^anpk O]h]v]n ]beni mqa( _kj `e_d] nareoe j beo_]h oa paniej]n ] h] aola_qh]_e j ok^na ah bkj`k `a 1, ieh laoko iajoq]hao mqa lan_e^aj hko `elqp]`ko( _quk qok u `aopejk jk aop j k^hec]`ko ] _kilnk^]n ]jpa jejcqj] ejop]j_e]* =uan( ah `elqp]`k lneeop] fqope) be_ mqa lneiank paj ]j lnkcn]) i]`k pk`k ah lnk_aok `a _]hebe_]) _e j `a h]o _qajp]o l ^he_]o( Îu]

;b B[]_ibWj_le Z[ 9eb_cW h[Y_ d WYWXW Z[ YWb_ÅYWh bWi Yk[djWi f Xb_YWi" W^ehW h[Yec[dpWh| iki Z_l[hiWi jWh[Wi

"OBMJ[BSfO UBSJGBT EFM BHVB ;b 9ed]h[ie Z[b ;ijWZe _d_Y_Wh| [d bei fh n_cei

Z Wi Yed bW h[l_i_ d W bWi jWh_\Wi Z[b W]kW fejWXb[ [d bei '& ckd_Y_f_ei Z[ bW [dj_ZWZ" _kj ah k^faperk `a ^qo_]n okhq_ekjao mqa laniep]j ] hko knc]jeoiko klan]) `knao `a ]cq] _kjp]n _kj i]uknao na_qnoko* Neck^anpk O]h]v]n Rah]o_k( lnaoe`ajpa `a h] ?kie) oe j `a D]_eaj`] u Lnaoqlqaopk `ah ?kjcnaok hk_]h( lqjpq]hev mqa hko lnkleko knc]jeoiko klan]`knao u] okhe_ep]nkj h] nareoe j( Îlknmqa ao qj] k^hec]_e j aj_kjpn]nhao ia_]jeoiko `a okhq_e jÏ* Ejoeope aj mqa aj i]pane] `a lna`e]h u p]neb]o `a ]cq] lkp]^ha ah k^faperk _ajpn]h ao `]nha i o

na_qnoko ] hko ]uqjp]ieajpko( ck^eanjk aop]p]h u knc]jeoiko `ao_ajpn]hev]`ko( Î]`ai o mqa _kieaj_a ] ^]f]n oq `aq`] l ^he_]Ï( oajpaj_e ah pne^qjk* Hqack oa ]h 6 Îlkn jejc j ikperk mqeank i]j`]n qj iajo]fa `a mqa oa ]ba_p]n ]h _kjpne^quajpa( lkn ah _kjpn]nek mqeank i]ukn amqe`]` u mqa aj hqc]n `a mqa l]cqaj lk_ko( oa ]ilh a h] ^]oa `a _kjpne^quajpao7 ]qjmqa jk lqa`k ]beni]n `ao`a aopa ikiajpk mqa jk d]^n ej_naiajpkÏ* 9eb_cW3D8J<

7o[h \k[ [b [l[dje _dWk]khWb [d [b º<hWdY_iYe =WX_bedZe Ieb[h»

7YjkWb_pW :?< ceZ[be [ZkYWj_le [d WbX[h]k[ 9eb_cW3D`c\e`f

"

bej `a ]_pq]hev]n u lnkbaoek) j]hev]n h] h]^kn mqa na]hev] ah lanokj]h `ah =h^ancqa ÎBn]j_eo_k C]^ehkj`k OkhanÏ( aj _qu]o i]jko aop ah _qe`]`k `a je ko u je ]o aj _qopk`e] `ah @EB Aop]p]h ?khei]7 oa hhar ] _]^k h]

_]l]_ep]_e j p _je_])iapk`kh ce_] `ah Ik`ahk A`q_]perk =oeopaj_e]h `a hko ?ajpnko =oeopaj_e]hao `a @ao]nnkhhk Ejb]jpeh $?=@E% u hko ?ajpnko =oeopaj_e]hao Ejb]jpehao ?kiqjep]neko $?=E?%* Ah arajpk ej]qcqn]h aopqrk aj_]^av]`k lkn ah `ena_pkn `a =oeo) paj_e] Fqn `e_] `a h] ejopepq_e j(

Fko Hqeo N]i nav I h]c]( mqeaj atlnao oq ]cn]`a_eieajpk ] hko l]npe_el]jpao( u] mqa ah ik`ahk a`q_]perk mqa aop eilhaiaj) p]j`k ah @EB J]_ekj]h aj hko ?=@E u ?=E?( lk`n oan ]lhe_]`k aj ah =h^ancqa Bn]j_eo_k C]^ehkj`k Okhan u _kj ahhk( h]o i]aopn]o( i]aopnko u ]qtehe]nao a`q_]per]o

mqa h]^kn]j aj `e_dk ]h^ancqa u mqa p]i^e j bkni]j l]npa `ah Oej`e_]pk `a Pn]^]f]`knao ]h Oanre_ek `ah Aop]`k( paj`n j i]uknao _kjk_eieajpko* Aop]o ]__ekjao( lkj`an ah pepqh]n `a h] @ena__e j `a =oeo) paj_e] Fqn `e_] u mqeaj peaja ] oq _]nck h] `ena__e j `ah =h^an) cqa( d]_aj mqa oa _qilh]j hko k^faperko lh]jpa]`ko lkn I]nek =jcqe]jk Iknajk( Ck^anj]`kn `ah Aop]`k u lkn oq aolko] =hi] @ahe] =nnakh] `a =jcqe]jk( `a bknp]ha_an hko oanre_eko u lnk) cn]i]o mqa oa hhar]j ] _]^k aj jqaopnk aop]`k u mqa opko oa]j `a _]he`]` u _]he`av* Aopk( ej`e_ Fko Hq o I h]c]( jk oan ] lkoe^ha oej h] bn]j_] _kh]) ^kn]_e j ajpna h]o aopnq_pqn]o `a

lkopanekniajpa okhe_ep]n ]iko ]h Ko]bec mqa nareo]n] h] i]jan] aj mqa reaja ]lhe_ j`koa ah lnaoq) lqaopk haceoh]perkÏ* @ap]hh mqa oa pn]p] `a qj] ]oecj]pqn] laj`eajpa mqa `a^an ]paj`anoa( Îoej ai^]nck( aj hko ` ]o oecqeajpao pajaiko kpnko ]oqjpko mqa ]paj`an( _kik h] ]q`epkn ] mqa oa ln]_pe_ ] h]o knc]jev]_ekjao `a ]oeopaj_e] lner]`] mqa na_e) ^aj pn]jobanaj_e]o `ah ck^eanjk aop]p]hÏ* Neck^anpk O]h]v]n ]ncqiajp mqa ateopa pk`] h] c]n]jp ] `a mqa ah Ko]bec na]hev]n qj] beo_]hev]) _e j lnkbaoekj]h ]h Lk`an Haceoh]) perk( Îjk d]^n aj_q^neieajpk je eilqje`]` l]n] jejc j haceoh]`kn( pk`k oan pn]jol]najpa l]n] mqa aj _]ok `a ateopen ennacqh]ne`]`ao( oa]j oq^o]j]`]oÏ* @af ^eaj _h]nk mqa ah k^faperk `a ao]o nareoekjao jk ao bej_]n naolkjo]^ehe`]`ao k o]j_ekj]n7 Î]`ai o mqanaiko paniej]n _kj hko _qaopekj]ieajpko lkn b]hp] `a pn]jol]naj_e] aj ah qok `a ao] l]npe`] `a 1, ieh laokoÏ( atlnao * Ok^na h] ba_d] at]_p] `a h] ]q`e) pkn ]( ah lnaoe`ajpa `a h] ?kieoe j `a Ck^eanjk Ejpanjk naolkj`e mqa Îao qj pn]^]fk mqa oa `]n aj hko ln teiko ` ]oÏ( ]qjmqa lnabene jk aola_ebe_]n ba_d]o* Aj _q]jpk ] h] lkoe^ehe`]` `a mqa oa]j ]q`ep]`ko knc]jeoiko `ao_ajpn]hev]`ko _kik ah Ejopepqpk `a Rereaj`] `a ?khei] $Era_kh% u h] ?kieoe j Ejpaniqje_el]h `a =cq] Lkp]^ha u =h_]jp]nehh]`k ?khei]) Rehh] `a =hr]nav $?e]l]_kr%( Neck) ^anpk O]h]v]n je_]iajpa naolkj`e mqa Îoa r]j ] nareo]nÏ* .&

ck^eanjk u ah lanokj]h mqa ]d h]^kn]( u] mqa h] `eolkje^ehe`]` u c]j]o `a _na_an u `a ]lnaj`an mqa _]`] pn]^]f]`kn peaja( iqao) pn] cn]j ejpan o lkn d]_an `a h] iafkn i]jan] oq pn]^]fk u ^aja) be_e]n ]o ] hko je ko u je ]o mqa aop j ^]fk jqaopn] lnkpa__e j u _qe`]`k* Bej]hiajpa( atdknp ] hko lna) oajpao ] oacqen oqlan j`koa( ] lkjan pk`k oq aila k u `a`e) _]_e j aj aop] jk^ha p]na]( ] jk `af]n ] qj h]`k ah _]ne k u ah ]ikn mqa namqeanaj hko lamqa ejao u _kj ahhk( `eoiejqen ah oajpe) ieajpk mqa cq]n`]j lkn h]o `eran) o]o _en_qjop]j_e]o `eb _ehao mqa d]j ]pn]rao]`k ] p]j pailn]j] a`]` u mqa hko d] `aopej]`k ] aop]n oej oqo l]`nao* .&

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

:[ b_cf_[pW Z[ [iYk[bWi o lWYkdWY_ d Z[ d_ ei

<WbjW gk[ bW IIo8I Yecfhk[X[ c|i Z[ '$+ cZf W I[Z[ieb IWbkZ YecfheX [b aj h]o ejop]j_e]o ejb]jpehao `a hko

[`[hY_Y_e Z[ h[Ykhiei Z[b fhe]hWcW Z[ WXWj_pWY_ d0 I[Z[ieb 9eb_cW3<c`qXY\k_ :Xjk`ccf D e[\q

-

] Oa_nap]n ] `a O]hq` u >eajaop]n Ok_e]h $OOu>O% `ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k ] j jk _kilnqa^] - iehh j 2/, ieh 0-4 laoko `ah pkp]h `a na_qnoko mqa h] Oa_nap]n ] `a @ao]nnkhhk Ok_e]h $Oa`aokh% ]qpknev l]n] na]hev]n lnk) cn]i]o lnarajperko aj _kjpn] `ah `ajcqa u h] ejbhqajv] dqi]j]( oac j `a_h]n h] `ahac]`] `a h] `alaj`aj_e] ba`an]h( Aoian]h`] ? n`aj]o O j_dav* =qj _q]j`k jk _ep h] pkp]he`]` `ah lnaoqlqaopk mqa h] Oa`aokh kpknc ] h] OOu>O l]n] ah _ki^]pa `a aop]o ajbania`]`ao( h] `ahac]`] atlqok mqa hko na_qnoko mqa b]hp]j lkn _kilnk^]n okj nabanajpao ] `ko lnkcn]i]o( _quk k^faperk bqa ah `ao]nnkhh]n ]__ekjao lnarajper]o aj _kjpn] `a aopko l]`a_eieajpko aj h] lk^h]_e j ejb]jpeh* @efk mqa l]n] lnarajen ah `ajcqa u h] ejbhqajv] oa `ao]nnkhh qj lnk) cn]i] `a heileav] `a ao_qah]o aj ?khei]( I]jv]jehhk( Pa_ki j u Rehh] `a ãhr]nav( ]o _kik h] r]_qj]_e j aj _kjpn] `a h] ejbhqajv] dqi]j]

lneianko pnao iqje_eleko ]nne^] oa ]h]`ko* H] `ahac]`] `a h] Oa`aokh `efk mqa h] oa_nap]n ] aop]p]h _kilnk^ ah afan_e_ek `a hko na_qnoko mqa `aopej aj .,,5 l]n] ah _ki^]pa `ah `ajcqa ] pn]r o `a h] ]^]pev]) _e j aj hko dkc]nao _kheiajoao* U na_kn` mqa `aner]`k `ah Lnkcn]i] `a Ailhak Pailkn]h( h] Oa`aokh ]qpknev na_qnoko ] h] OOu>O l]n] h] _kjpn]p]_e j `a lanokj]h mqa pqrk h] aj_kieaj`] `a reoep]n hko `kie_eheko l]n] _khk_]n ]^]pa aj hko `al oepko `a ]cq]( _kik qj] ia`e] lnarajper] aj _kjpn] `a h] nalnk`q__e j `ah iko_k mqa pn]o) iepa h] ajbania`]` `ah `ajcqa* Aoian]h`] ? n`aj]o ej`e_ mqa h] OOu>O aop okhe_ep]j`k ] h] Oa`aokh h] ]qpknev]_e j `a qj lnaoqlqaopk l]n] na]hev]n ]__ekjao lnarajper]o aj _kjpn] `ah `ajcqa `qn]jpa ah ] k aj _qnok( lank jk _ep ah ikjpk `a hko na_qnoko okhe_ep]`ko* H] bqj_ekj]ne] ba`an]h ]cnac mqa h] OOu>O `a^a na]hev]n qj] lnk) lqaop] `a h]o ]__ekjao ] `ao]nnkhh]n l]n] lnarajen ah `ajcqa u aj mq iqje_eleko oa r]j ] aba_pq]n( u mqa `alaj`eaj`k `ah lnkua_pk mqa oa lnaoajpa u h] `eolkje^ehe`]` `a hko na_qnoko `ah Lnkcn]i] `a Ailhak Pailkn]h mqa d]u] ] jerah j]_ek) j]h( oan ] ah lnaoqlqaopk mqa oa ]qpkne_a ] ?khei]* .&

:Wh| fehjWX_b_ZWZ W [nf[Z_[dj[ [b[Yjh d_Ye

;n_]_h|d dk[lW Yh[Z[dY_Wb fWhW i[hl_Y_ei Z[ iWbkZ 9eb_cW3 @mfee\ 9XiXaXj

1

n tei]iajpa oan qj] atecaj) _e] mqa hko `ana_dkd]^eajpao `ah Ejopepqpk Iate_]jk `ah Oacqnk Ok_e]h $EIOO% _qajpaj _kj h] _na`aj_e]h =@EIOO l]n] ]__a`an ] oanre_eko `a o]hq` aola_e]hev]`ko* Ah `k_qiajpk Ímqa laniepen `]nha lknp]^ehe`]` ]h atla`eajpa aha_pn ) je_kÍ lqa`a pn]iep]noa ]h ejpanekn `a h] Qje`]` I `e_] B]iehe]n Jk* -5 $=raje`] F]rean Iej] Jk* /,-%7 ao cn]pqepk* Nk^anpk Canv] j Danj j`av Lkj_a( `ena_pkn `a h] _h je_] Jk* -5( ]oacqn mqa h] _na`aj_e]h =@EIOO jk oqopepqua ] h] _]npehh] `ah `ana) _dkd]^eajpa7 oej ai^]nck qj] `a oqo ejpaj_ekjao ao pajan _kjpnkh `a hko l]_eajpao mqa na_e^aj ia`e) _]iajpko `a ]hpk _kopk* ÎD]u l]_eajpao mqa ]h ejope) pqpk ha aop j _kop]j`k iq_dk u oa `a^a pajan qj ^qaj _kjpnkh `a ahhkoÏ( oq^n]u Nk^anpk Canv] j

Danj j`av7 mqeaj ]oacqn mqa( aola_e]hiajpa aj oanre_eko `a oacqj`k jerah oa _kiajv]n ] atecen aop] _na`aj_e]h7 aj ba_d] ln tei] ah `k_qiajpk paj`n qj _]n _pan `a k^hec]pknea`]`* Ah naceopnk r] ] _qajp]ckp]o6 ]laj]o .1! `a hko `ana_dkd]^eajpao d] pn]iep]`k oq _na`aj_e]h* L]n] d]_anhk oa `a^aj hhar]n ]_p] `a j]_eieajpk( _kilnk^]jpa `a `kie_ehek( ?QNL( _]npehh] `a _ep]o i `e_]o a e`ajpebe_]_e j kbe_e]h ] h]o kbe_ej]o `a h] Qje`]` I `e_] B]iehe]n7 ah pn iepa oa na]hev] aj o hk oeapa iejqpko* Î= pn]r o `a ao] _na`aj_e]h ah `ana_dkd]^eajpa lk`n _kjoqhp]n oq ]jpec a`]`( ah l]ck `a ej_]l]_e`]`ao( u pk`]o h]o ]_pere`]`ao mqa na]he_a _kik `ana_dkd]^eajpaÏ( _kj_hqu ah `ena_pkn `a h] _h je_] Jk* -5* Ah pn iepa oa na]hev] `a hqjao ] reanjao aj dkn]nek `a 46,, ] .,6,, dkn]o* Ejbkniao ]h pah bkjk /-2 /3 3,* .&

$PMJNB

$PMJNB

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

IeXh[ Wgk[b YWie Z[ kd `el[d fei_Xb[c[dj[ Wi[i_dWZe [d [b [Z_\_Y_e ef[hWj_le Z[b 9#*

:[iWYWjW FheYkhWZkh W kdW ehZ[d _dj[hfk[ijW feh IJ@; J7F?HE

<Wc_b_Wh[i WZl_[hj[d

gk[ F@; fh[fWhW jeZe fWhW gk[ [b Z[Y[ie fWh[pYW kd ik_Y_Z_e

BW EDK h[fhk[XW [b

Z[iWYWje Z[ bW F@; W bW ehZ[d _dj[hfk[ijW feh [b FeZ[h Z[ @kij_Y_W 9eb_cW3DXi`f 8cY\ikf Jfc j <jg`efjX

-

] Lnk_qn]`qn ] `a Fqope_e] `ah Aop]`k $LFA% jk nalqok h] ejraopec]_e j aj pknjk ] h] iqanpa `ah pn]^]f]`kn `ah _ajpnk `a _ki]j`k ?)0( Fko =^ah J]r] P]`ak( p]h _kik oa hk kn`aj aj k_pq^na l]o]`k ah Oqlnaik Pne^qj]h `a Fqope_e] `ah Aop]`k $OPFA%* =o hk `ajqj_e]nkj b]iehe]nao `ah fkraj b]hha_e`k aj k_pq^na `ao`a .,,4( mqeajao ]`ai o oa ]h]nkj mqa h]o ]qpkne`]`ao fq`e_e]hao jk d]j naolkj`e`k ] h] ejopnq__e j `a h] i tei] ejop]j_e] `a fqope_e] aj h] ajpe`]`( aj ah oajpe`k `a eje_e]n qj] jqar] ejraopec]_e j( lkn aj) _kjpn]noa ennacqh]n h] lneian]* H] i]i `ah fkraj( =opane] P]`ak C iav( mqeaj jqj_] oa _kjbkni _kj h] ranoe j `a mqa oq defk d]^ ] iqanpk lkn oqe_e) `ek( ajb]pev mqa aopa _]ok oecqa lh]c]`k `a ennacqh]ne`]`ao( ] p]h cn]`k mqa jejc j ]^kc]`k hk_]h mqeana pki]n ah _]ok* >ajf]i j Rac] Ck` jav( ej) pacn]jpa `ah _kjoafk _eq`]`]jk

&

j ?khei]( h] pan_an] l]npa `a h] lk^h]_e j _kheiajoa jk paniej] h] a`q_]_e j ^ oe_]( hk ]jpanekn hk ejbkni ah nalnaoajp]jpa `a h] Oa_nap]n ] `a A`q_]_e j L ^he_] $OAL% aj h] ajpe`]`( =` j >h]j_k ?]ilko( mqeaj atlhe_ mqa aoa lkn_ajp]) fa nalnaoajp] ] -1, ieh lanokj]o ]lnktei]`]iajpa* Aj aopa oajpe`k( i]jebaop mqa ah j`e_a `a ]j]hb]^apeoik ao ]hpk( oej ai^]nck atlhe_ mqa ao _kilhe_]`k `apa_p]n lanokj]o ]`qhp]o mqa jk d]j paniej]`k

Ah Ck^eanjk `ah Aop]`k aj_]) ^av]`k lkn I]nek =jcqe]jk Iknajk( devk ajpnac] `a i]pane]h `a ]lkuk ] lnk`q_pknao o]hejanko mqa naoqh) p]nkj lanfq`e_]`ko aj h]o l]o]`]o hhqre]o atpn]kn`ej]ne]o `ah iao `a ba^nank* Lkn p]h ikperk( h] Oa_nap]n ] `a @ao]nnkhhk Nqn]h( kpknc 1, nkhhko `a lh ope_k amqer]hajpao ] -,, ieh laoko( hko _q hao oan j ]lnkra_d]`ko l]n] h]o ]_pere`]`ao mqa hko o]hejanko `ao]nnkhh]j aj h] _kop] `a jqaopnk aop]`k* Lkn oq l]npa( Ikeo o I]np jav Nk`n ) cqav( ] jki^na `a h] Î?kklan]per] O]h Na]h `a ?khei]Ï ejpacn]`] lkn -3 ok_eko iaj_ekj 6 Î opa ao qj ]lkuk mqa jko kpknc ah On* Ck^anj]`kn `a^e`k ] h]o hhqre]o mqa `ao]bknpqj]`]iajpa pqreiko aj iaoao l]o]`ko u mqa jko ]ba_p]nkj cn]raiajpa aj jqaopn]o h]^knao u jko oanren l]n] _kjpejq]n ah pn]^]fk mqa daiko na]hev]`kÏ*

H] Oa_nap]n ] `a h] @abajo]

BW cWc| Z[b \Wbb[Y_Ze Z_Y[ gk[ [b Wikdje [ij| fbW]WZe Z[ _hh[]kbWh_ZWZ[i o d_d] d WXe]WZe gk_[h[ jecWh [b YWie l]n] hko `ana_dko dqi]jko `a h] Knc]jev]_e j `a h]o J]_ekjao Qje`]o $KJQ%( lna_eo mqa h] LFA `ao]_]p] qj] kn`aj `ah OPFA( aj ah oajpe`k `a nalkjan h] ]ranecq]_e j( ej_hqe`]o pk`]o h]o laomqeo]o* Na_kn` mqa ah Oqlnaik Pne^q) j]h `a Fqope_e] `ah Aop]`k `apaniej mqa aj ah _]ok `a Fko =^ah J]r] P]`ak o ateopa qj `ahepk mqa lan) oacqen u opa ao ah `a dkie_e`ek( Îlkn hk p]jpk aj h] LFA `a^an j _kjoe`an]n ao] naokhq_e j l]n] ah jqark lnk_a`eieajpkÏ*

=opane] P]`ak ej`e_ mqa u] pqrk _kiqje_]_e j _kj ah ck^anj]`kn I]nek =jcqe]jk Iknajk( mqeaj ] oq rav pqnj ah ]oqjpk ]h oa_nap]nek cajan]h `a Ck^eanjk( Fao o Knkv_k =h) b]nk( Îlank ]`ai o `a aok( jk daiko paje`k jejcqj] jkpe_e] `a ahhkoÏ* I o ]`ah]jpa( h] i]`na `ah fkraj b]hha_e`k ej`e_ mqa aj h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] `a Fqope_e] `ah Aop]`k( `a jqark aj_]iej]j h] ejraopec]_e j l]n] mqa ah

naoqhp]`k oa] kpn] rav ah oqe_e) `ek _kik h] _]qo] `a iqanpa( Îaopk ] j _q]j`k ah OPFA u] `efk kpn] _ko]Ï* Bej]hiajpa ah nalnaoajp]jpa `a h] KJQ( >ajf]i j Rac] Ck) ` jav( na_kn` mqa aopa ao qj ]oqjpk mqa jk okh]iajpa ]cn]re] ] h] b]iehe] `a Fko J]r]( Îoejk ] pk`] h] ok_ea`]`( lknmqa oa pn]p] `a qj] bh]cn]jpa rekh]_e j ]h `ana_dk mqa pajaiko `a qj] eil]npe_e j _knna_p] a eil]n_e]h `a h] fqope_e]Ï( bej]hev * .&

J7F?HE

9eb_cW3?\`[` [\ C\ e >lk` ii\q

=eX_[hde [djh[]W cWj[h_Wb W iWb_d[hei

7i[]khWd W fWh[`W Yed ^k[lei Z[ jehjk]W

'+& c_b de iWb[d bW [ZkYWY_ d X|i_YW bW I;F" 7Z|d 8bWdYe Yedi_Z[h Wbje [b h[pW]e [ZkYWj_le

Feh f[h`k_Y_ei Z[ bbkl_Wi

;d 8eYW Z[ 7f_pW

;d 9eb_cW bWi f[hiedWi gk[ de iWX[d b[[h d_ [iYh_X_h ied ied )& c_b" Wfhen_cWZWc[dj[

;b h[fh[i[djWdj[ Z[

FehjWb[i

lnei]ne] u oa_qj`]n ]( lank i o _kilhe_]`k ] j _kjraj_anhko l]n] mqa rqahr]j ] aopq`e]n* ÎAo `eb _eh mqa ah Ejopepqpk Aop]p]h l]n] h] A`q_]_e j `a hko =`qhpko $EAA=% `apa_pa ] hko rk) hqjp]neko mqa mqeanaj ]_q`en ] _]l]_ep]noa( u jk ao b _eh _]lp]n ah n]jck `a lk^h]_e j ] h] mqa aop j `enece`ko( u _q]j`k ahhko _]lp]j p]i^e j okj oqfapko `a ikrehe`]` u nalnk^]_e j u hko ej`e_]`knao oa i]jpeajaj ^]fko aj aoa oajpe`kÏ( oajpaj_e =` j >h]j_k ?]ilko* Ah bqj_ekj]nek ba`an]h atlhe) _ mqa ah cnqaok `a h] lk^h]_e j mqa peaja ah EAA= okj f rajao `a -3 ] ko l]n] ]nne^]( ao `a_en mqa p]i^e j aop ]paj`eaj`k ] ]mqahhko l]`nao `a b]iehe] mqa lkn _q]hmqean _en_qjop]j_e] jk lq`eankj _kj_hqen hko aopq`eko `a a`q_]_e j ^ oe_]*

ÎOa d]_a qj _ h_qhk aj `kj`a ]lnktei]`]iajpa -0, ieh k -1, ieh _kheiajoao jk d]j paniej]) `k oq a`q_]_e j ^ oe_]( mqa ao ah n]jck `a lk^h]_e j mqa mqea) na ]paj`an ah EAA= u fqjpk _kj aopk peaja h] lnk^hai pe_] mqa _kiajp ( aj ah oajpe`k `a mqa ao `eb _eh `apa_p]n ] rkhqjp]neko mqa aop j `eolqaopko ] _kj_hqen oqo aopq`ekoÏ( naÚne * =` j >h]j_k ?]ilko i]jebaop mqa `a hko -0, ieh _kheiajoao mqa jk d]j paniej]`k oqo aopq`eko `a lnei]ne] u oa_qj`]ne]( qjko /, ieh okj hko mqa jk o]^aj haan u ao_ne^en Î]qj _q]j`k ah j iank `eoiejqua( ao qj lkn_ajp]fa ]hpkÏ( `efk* = qj] lnacqjp]( ah bqj_ekj]nek ba`an]h oa ]h mqa ah lkn_ajp]fa `a nalnk^]_e j aj oa_qj`]ne]o ao `a ]lnktei]`]iajpa qj -, lkn _eajpk( u hko ]`khao_ajpao mqa jk _kj_hquankj ao] a`q_]_e j oan j

J]_ekj]h lkn _kj`q_pk `a h] Rec ) oei] Vkj] Iehep]n( _kj oa`a aj aop] _eq`]`( ejbkni] mqa aj ah i]n_k `a h] _]il] ] lani]jajpa _kjpn] ah j]n_kpn be_k u h] ]lhe_]_e j `a h] hau ba`an]h `a ]ni]o `a bqack u atlhkoe) rko( aopa o ^]`k -1 `a i]uk( lanokj]h iehep]n mqa na]hev]^] na_kjk_eieaj) pko pannaopnao ] ejia`e]_ekjao `ah _nq_ank `a >k_] `a =lev]( ?khei]( hhar ] _]^k ah ]oacqn]ieajpk `a hko _erehao6 Bn]j_eo_] Bhknao =h_]h `a 14 ] ko `a a`]` u N]ienk I]h`kj]`k C iav `a 05 ] ko `a a`]`( ]i^ko knecej]neko `a Ie_dk]_ j* Bqankj aj_kjpn]`ko _kj ]lnkte) i]`]iajpa 1 ieh 4/, dqarko `a pknpqc] ] ^kn`k `a qj] _]iekjap] Le_g Ql i]n_] ?darnkhap ik`ahk -550 _khkn jacnk( j iank `a oanea /C?A?/,G4NI-,410,( lh]_]o `a _en_qh]_e j BA)32)-40( `a ?khei]*

;d bW Kd_l[hi_ZWZ Z[ 9eb_cW

?d_Y_ fhe]hWcW Z[ iWbkZ W jhWXW`WZeh[i =nn]j_ ah lnkcn]i] lehkpk

7Z|d 8bWdYe 9Wcfei ]paj`e`ko lkn ah Ejopepqpk Aop]p]h l]n] h] A`q_]_e j `a hko =`qhpko( lank d]op] mqa _qilh]j i o `a -3 ] ko* .&

`a Receh]j_e] u ?kjpnkh `a Neaocko ] h] O]hq` `a hko Pn]^]f]`knao $Re_kn) o]p%( _kjoeopajpa aj qj okbps]na mqa laniepa _kjk_an ah lanbeh `a o]hq` `a aoa oa_pkn qjeranoep]nek* Ah _kkn`ej]`kn `a hko Oanre_eko I `e_ko `a h] Q`a?( R _pkn ãjcah Vala`] L]i) lhkj] `ek ] _kjk_an mqa aopa eilknp]jpa lnkcn]i] lehkpk oa lnapaj`a aop]^ha_an aj pk`] h] qjeranoe`]`( Îl]n] ]lhe_]n ah _kjrajek aop]^ha_e`k ajpna jqaopn] ejopepq_e j u ah EIOO u lk`an ]lhe_]n ah Re_kno]p( mqa _kjpeaja ejpanraj_ekjao iqu aola_ be_]o l]n] `apaniej]n h] o]hq` `a hko qjeranoep]nekoÏ* Qj] oacqj`] b]oa `ah lnk_aok _kjoeopa aj `apa_p]n pn]^]f]`knao _kj _eanpko l]`a_eieajpko k mqa aj qj bqpqnk ej`apaniej]`k lq`ean]j _kjpn]anhko( _kik okj h] `e]^apao( h] delanpajoe j7 k `ao_kjpnkhao `a cn]o]o `] ej]o _kik hko pneche_ ne`ko k ah _khaopankh*

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

$PMJNB

IkcWhed ') c_b (&& Yeb_c[di[i i_d [cfb[e [d [b fh_c[h jh_c[ijh[ Z[ (&'&

9h[Y[ jWiW Z[ Z[i[cfb[e" Z_Y[ ?d[]_ 7 bW WbpW [b d c[he

Z[ Yeb_c[di[i [d bW _d\ehcWb_ZWZ bWXehWb" WZl_[hj[ [b ?dij_jkje ;i cWoeh [b d c[he

Z[ XW`Wi" gk[ bWi WbjWi h[fehjWZWi feh [b ?CII Z[ [d[he W WXh_b 9eb_cW3<c`qXY\k_ :Xjk`ccf D e[\q

-

] p]o] `a `aoailhak `a h] aj) pe`]`( aj ah lneian pneiaopna `ah lnaoajpa ] k( naceopn qj hecank ej_naiajpk aj nah]_e j ]h ieo) ik h]lok `a .,,5( oac j narah h] Aj_qaop] J]_ekj]h `a K_ql]_e j u Ailhak mqa ah ejopepqpk J]_ekj]h `a Aop]` ope_] u Cakcn]b ] $Ejace%( ]lhe_ `a ajank ] i]nvk( lanek`k aj ah mqa oa `apa_p]nkj -/ ieh .,, _kheiajoao `aoailha]`ko* =qj _q]j`k ah Ejopepqpk Iate_]) jk `ah Oacqnk Ok_e]h $EIOO% nalknp mqa aj h] ajpe`]` oa cajan]nkj . ieh .0. ailhako aj ah lneian pneiaopna( h] aj_qaop] pneiaopn]h mqa ah Ejace ]lhe_ aj h]o rereaj`]o _kheiajoao oaha__ekj]`]o ] pn]r o `a p _je_]o `a iqaopnak( ejbkni] mqa `a ajank ] i]nvk h] p]o] `a `aoailhak `a h] ajpe`]` oa q^e_ aj

J7F?HE

0*1 lkn _eajpk( lkn_ajp]fa mqa bqa oqlanekn ]h 0*/ lkn _eajpk ]h_]jv]`k aj ecq]h pneiaopna `a .,,5* =`ai o `ah _na_eieajpk aj h] p]o] `a `aoailhak( h] lk^h]_e j k_ql]) `] aj ah oa_pkn ejbkni]h _kheiajoa lnaoajp qj] paj`aj_e] ] h] ]hv] aj ah lneian pneiaopna7 lanek`k aj ah mqa oa ej_knlkn]nkj 0 ieh 1,, lanokj]o i o ] aop] ]_pere`]`( _kil]n]per]) iajpa ]h ] k ]jpanekn* Oac j ah Ejace( l]n] i]nvk `a aopa ] k u] oqi]^]j 13 ieh lanokj]o h]o mqa oa d]^ ]j ej) _knlkn]`k ]h ian_]`k ejbkni]h( mqa nalnaoajp]j ah .,*0 lkn _eajpk `a h] lk^h]_e j a_kj ie_]iajpa ]_per] `a -0 ] ko u i o* @a ajank ] i]nvk( -. ieh _khe) iajoao oa aj_kjpn]^]j aj oepq]) _e j `a oq^k_ql]_e j( ao `a_en( okj lanokj]o mqa paj ]j h] ja_aoe`]` `a pn]^]f]n i o peailk( lkn hk mqa ^qo_]nkj qj] k_ql]_e j _kilha) iajp]ne] k `a qj jqark pn]^]fk _kj i]ukn dkn]nek* Ah Ejace `apa_p mqa h] lnaoaj_e] `a h] oq^k_ql]_e j ao i]ukn aj ah oa_pkn lnei]nek( `kj`a oaeo `a _]`] -,, lanokj]o aop j aj ao] oepq]_e j( ieajpn]o mqa aj ah oa_pkn oa_qj`]nek h] lnklkn_e j ao `a _ej_k u `a _q]pnk aj ah pan_e]nek* Naola_pk ] h]o lanokj]o mqa _kj) p]^]j _kj qj ailhak( h] Aj_qaop] J]_ekj]h `a K_ql]_e j u Ailhak AJKA oa ]h] mqa an]j .35 ieh 1,,

;n_][ W Z_fkjWZei \[Z[hWb[i W]_b_pWh h[\ehcWi

9efWhc[n de ^W dejWZe h[WYj_lWY_ d [Yed c_YW º;ijWcei [d kdW

fWh|b_i_i b[]_ibWj_lW gk[ [d dWZW X[d[ÅY_W Wb fW i»0 FWjh_Y_W :|lWbei 9eb_cW3?\`[` [\ C\ e >lk` ii\q

-

] lnaoe`ajp] `a h] ?kjba`a) n]_e j L]pnkj]h `a h] Nal ) ^he_] Iate_]j] $?kl]niat% aj ?khei]( L]pne_e] @ r]hko =h_k_an( ]Úni mqa aj aop] ajpe`]` ba`an]per] ] j jk oa d] reopk h] na_qlan]_e j a_kj ie_] mqa oa ]jqj_e ] jerah j]_ekj]h( a ej_hqok i]jebaop mqa aj h] ajpe`]` jk oa aop j na_qlan]j`k _kj p]jp] b]_ehe`]` hko ailhako mqa oa lan`eankj `qn]jpa .,,4 u .,,5* H] nalnaoajp]jpa `a hko ai) lnao]neko _kheiajoao ]oacqn mqa opko oecqaj l]`a_eaj`k h] _neoeo a_kj ie_] mqa ]ba_p ]h l] o ah ] k l]o]`k( u atlhe_ mqa ] j p]n`]n j aj ran naoqhp]`ko lkoeperko `a^e`k ]h l]jkn]i] `a rekhaj_e] mqa aop ]ba_p]j`k h] ei]caj `ah l] o u lkn aj`a h] ]_pepq` `a hko iate_]jko* =oeieoik( @ r]hko =h_k_an ]oa) cqn mqa h] na_qlan]_e j a_kj ie_] jk paj`n hko naoqhp]`ko lkoeperko mqa ja_aoep]j hko ailnao]neko u pn]^]f]`knao( oe hko `elqp]`ko ba)

`an]hao jk _kj_napev]j h] nabkni] h]^kn]h u a_kj ie_]* ÎAo ja_ao]nek mqa oa _kieaj_a ] pn]^]f]n aj h]o nabkni]o( `ao`a h] h]^kn]h d]op] h] a`q_]per]( _q]j`k oa _kieaj_a ] pn]^]f]n aj aok lk`naiko `a_en mqa r]iko lkn ^qaj _]iejk( lank ieajpn]o jk ra]iko aok( jk lk`aiko d]^h]n `a qj] na_qlan]_e j a_kj ie_]Ï( oajpaj_e * @a ecq]h i]jan]( _kjoe`an bqj) `]iajp]h mqa h] ok_ea`]` aj cajan]h u hko ailnao]neko _kieaj_aj ] atecenhao ] hko `elqp]`ko ba`an]hao naoqhp]`ko( Îlknmqa aop]iko aj qj] l]n heoeo haceoh]per] mqa aj j]`] ^ajaÚ_e] ]h l] o u ahhko $hko haceoh]`knao ba`an]hao% aop j aj ]oqjpko mqa jk jko r]j ] o]_]n `a h] _neoeo a_kj ie_]( ja_aoep]iko mqa ailea_aj ] pn]^]f]nÏ( oa ]h * =h lnacqjp]nha _q jpko ailhako oa d]j lan`e`k aj ah aop]`k( h] lna) oe`ajp] `a ?kl]niat ?khei] i]) jebaop jk pajan ah `]pk ] h] i]jk( lank lqjpq]hev mqa h]o _ebn]o jk oa _kil]n]j _kj Jqark Ha j k F]heo_k( lknmqa aj h] ajpe`]` jk d]u ej`qopne]7 ah Ck^eanjk `ah Aop]`k Îao qjk `a hko lnej_el]hao ailha]`knao( lkn hk p]jpk jk oa d] ]cq`ev]`k ah j`e_a `a `aoailha]`ko( p]i^e j aopk oa `a^a ] mqa jk d]u ej`qopne]( lkn hk p]jpk jk d]j _ann]`kÏ( _kj_hqu * .&

, Z[ YWZW '&& f[hiedWi [ij|d [d i_jkWY_ d Z[ ikXeYkfWY_ d" i[] d _dij_jkje

_kheiajoao `a -0 ] ko u i o hko mqa aop]^]j `aoaila j`koa `ajpnk `ah ian_]`k h]^kn]h( `a hko _q]hao -23*2 ieh an]j dki^nao u ---*5 ieh iqfanao* @a h] lk^h]_e j pkp]h k_ql]`]( -52 ieh .,, pn]^]f]`knao paj ]j _kj`e_e j `a oq^kn`ej]`ko u na) iqjan]`ko( 02*- ieh pn]^]f]^]j lkn oq _qajp] oej ailha]n lanokj]h l]c]`k u -4 ieh 2,, an]j lnklea) p]neko `a hko ^eajao `a lnk`q__e j u _kj pn]^]f]`knao ] oq _]nck( aj p]jpk mqa -4*2 ieh an]j ailha]`ko mqa jk na_e^aj naiqjan]_e j* Î@a h]o ]jpaneknao _]packn ]o( je_]iajpa hko pn]^]f]`knao oq) ^kn`ej]`ko u naiqjan]`ko iko) pn]nkj `ej ie_] `a _na_eieajpk( `a i]jan] mqa ]qiajp]nkj aj 1,, lanokj]o ajpna ah lneian pne) iaopna `a .,,5 a ecq]h lanek`k `a .,-,7 ieajpn]o mqa h]o kpn]o pnao _]packn ]o naceopn]nkj qj `a_na) iajpk7 hko ailha]`knao aj 1,, lanokj]o( hko pn]^]f]`knao lkn _qajp] lnkle] aj 0,, lanokj]o u aj .,, hko pn]^]f]`knao mqa jk lan_e^aj qj] naiqjan]_e j lkn oq pn]^]fkÏ( oa ]h] ah ejopepqpk* H] AJKA naÚana mqa h] lk^h]_e j k_ql]`] pn]^]f fknj]`]o `a 0-*3 dkn]o ] h] oai]j]* Qj 4*2 lkn _eaj) pk `a hko .35 ieh 1,, _kheiajoao k_ql]`ko pn]^]f]j iajko `a -1 dkn]o oai]j]hao7 aj p]jpk qj .2*2 lkn _eajpk ha `a`e_] 04 dkn]o ]h pn]^]fk `qn]jpa h] oai]j]* .&

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

"DFOUPT

PQJOJuO

C7B7I 9ECF7y?7I CWh_e 7bX[hje Ieb i ;if_deiW 9eb_cW

6OB NJTFSBCMF FOUFMFRVJB

-

]_]uqjko d]op] h] ecjkieje]( hko `elqp]`ko `ah LNE `af]nkj l]o]n qj] jqar] klknpqje`]` `a ]_pq]n _kj `ecje`]` a ej`alaj`aj_e]( ]h heile]n ah `ao]opna bej]j_eank mqa `af h] ]`iejeopn]_e j `a Oehra) nek ?]r]vko u `a l]ok( ]_na`ep]n mqa aj ?khei] d]u he_aj_e] l]n] o]mqa]n hko na_qnoko l ^he_ko( _knnkilan u pkn_an h] hau l]n] ^ajabe_ek `a h]o _k) bn]` ]o ajmqeop]`]o aj ah lk`an* Ej`khajpao d]op] ah ]o_k( hko ha) ceoh]`knao pne_khknao u oqo ]he]`ko _kjrenpeankj ah pn]o_aj`ajp]h afan) _e_ek `a h] beo_]hev]_e j aj qj] l]) _d]jc]( lqao je oemqean] pqreankj h] oanea`]` l]n] `a^]pen aj pne^qj] hko aop]`ko `a _qajp] `ah ck^eanjk aop]p]h7 oeilhaiajpa hko k_qhp]nkj u ajpann]nkj h] _]^av] ^]fk peann] l]n] jk ao_q_d]n h]o `ai]j`]o `a pn]jol]naj_e]* Oe aopko `elqp]`ko jk haceoh]j k aj pk`k _]ok hk d]_aj i]h $_kik oqo ]jpa_aoknao mqa reankj ]jqh]noa ah jqark ? `eck Aha_pkn]h lkn oq ej_kilapaj_e]%( jk beo_]hev]j ah afan_e_ek `a hko `ejanko l ^he_ko u jk okj qj b]_pkn `a _]i^ek l]n]

;b fheY[Z[h Z[ bei Z_fkjWZei de i[h W cej_le Z[ Wj[dY_ d Z[ de i[h fehgk[ W\[YjWd W bW ieY_[ZWZ Wb f[hc_j_h gk[ kdW ]Wl_bbW Z_ifed]W Z[b [hWh_e W ik Wdje`e

D7:7 F;HIED7B >[_Z_ =WXh_[bW Z[ B[ d =kj_ hh[p 9eb_cW

-B WJPMFODJB OP QVFEF TFS DPTUVNCSF

4

ej `q`] h] oacqne`]` j]_ekj]h ao ah pai] `ah ikiajpk* H] `ao]l]ne) _e j `ah at _]j`e`]pk lnaoe`aj_e]h `ah L=J( @eack Banj j`av `a ?a) r]hhko( naoqhp] u] qj napk atpnaik l]n] ah ck^eanjk ba`an]h( jk p]jpk lkn `a mqeaj oa pn]p]( oejk lkn hk mqa nalnaoajp] aj ah amqelk `a lneian oeik jerah `ah ck^eanjk `a Bahela ?]h`an j u l]npe_qh]niajpa aj h] Oa) _nap]n ] `a Ck^anj]_e j( ] _]nck `a Banj]j`k C iav Ikjp* Lank h] _n pe_] ejoacqne`]` jk ao_]l] ] ?khei]* Hko hpeiko _ej_k iaoao l]n] jk enjko i o hafko( oa d]j `ao_q^eanpk j]n_kh]^kn]pkneko( oa d]j lnaoajp]`k

De [i WZc_i_Xb[ [iYkY^Wh o WZc_j_h bW jh_bbWZW [nYkiW Z[ gk[ bei Z[b_dYk[dj[i gk[ Z[j_[d[d Wgk ied Z[ ejhei [ijWZei" de Z[ 9eb_cW

ah ^ajabe_ek `a h] ok_ea`]`( ajpkj_ao ao lk) oe^ha _kj_hqen mqa oa aop j _kjrenpeaj`k aj qj h]opna mqa aj_ei] `a pk`k( aop]iko k^hec]`ko ] oq^oe`e]n* Neck^anpk O]h]v]n( Epvah N ko( R _pkn R vmqav ?an`]( lkn iaj_ekj]n ]hcqjko( okj ah afailhk i o ]_]^]`k `a qj] _qhpqn] lkh pe_] jk_er]( ajn]ev]`] aj h] _knnql_e j( ah _kil]`n]vck u h] ej_]l]_e`]`* Pk`ko ahhko( _kik ah naopk `a oqo _knnahecekj]neko jk bqankj _]l]_ao `a ]_pq]n _kj he^anp]` aj h] _]hebe_]_e j `a h]o _qajp]o l ^he_]o u jk hk d]n j jqj_]( lqao oq j]pqn]hav] ao h] ]^ua__e j* Ah lnk_a`an `a hko `elqp]`ko jk oan ] ikperk `a ]paj_e j `a jk oan lknmqa ]ba_p]j ] h] ok_ea`]` ]h laniepen mqa qj] c]rehh] `eolkjc] `ah an]nek ] oq ]jpkfk7 ] bej]h `a _qajp]o ah `ejank mqa oa nareo jk ao `ah ck^eanjk k `a mqeaj kopajp] ah lk`an( ao `a aoko ieoiko mqa k^oanr]j _kik oa pn]jo) bkni] ah Lk`an Haceoh]perk aj qj _en_k( aj qj] ieoan]^ha ajpahamqe]* Jk ao p]jpk ah _]opeck `a Oehranek ?]r]) vko hk mqa oa lnapaj`a aj aopa ]oqjpk( i o ^eaj oa pn]p] `a qj da_dk l]n]`eci pe_k( lqao oe aj aop] k_]oe j u _kj p]jp]o are) `aj_e]o $]qjmqa hko k^oaoko `ec]j mqa jk d]u% bqankj ej_]l]_ao `a o]j_ekj]n ] hko _knnqlpko( ] hko i]hko bqj_ekj]neko( lqao ajpkj_ao jqaopnk lqa^hk aop `aopej]`k ] reren aj ah hk`]v]h `a h] eilqje`]`* Aj aopa _]ok `a h]o _qajp]o l ^he_]o( hk i o ejoqhp]jpa ao mqa mqea) jao ajckn`]nkj oqo ^khoehhko _kj ah `e) jank l ^he_k okj hko ieoiko mqa ]dkn] `apajp]j ah lk`an u lakn ] j( ejopnquaj ] mqeajao `ao`a h] _kik`e`]` `a oqo _qnqhao( `e_p]j hk mqa aj ?khei] ao hac]h a ehac]h7 u _kj hk mqa oq) _a`e ah reanjao aj ah ?kjcnaok( u] jk o]^aiko ah aop]pqo hac]h `a h] n]le ]* Hko ajok^an^a_e) `ko `elqp]`ko kbe)

_e]heop]o _qajp]j ]`ai o _kj h] pe^eav] `a oqo klkoepknao l]jeop]o( mqeajao ]_alp]j _]b `ah op]n^q_go u _kiaj `ah ieoik lh]pk mqa oqo ]`rano]neko e`akh ce_ko7 oe ]_]ok hao mqep] ah oqa k Je_kh o ?kjpnan]o( qj `ecj oeik haceoh]`kn mqa ]_]^]n oq _]nnan] lkh pe_] aj `ko ] ko( aopeci]pev]`k lkn ah eilan`kj]^ha `ahepk `a h] dkjn]`av* Oej ai^]nck lk_]o _ko]o ao_]l]j ]h fqe_ek _eq`]`]jk( lkn i o lqaneh mqa ]l]nav_] h] oajpaj_e]7 u aopko ieoiko mqa dku l]) rkja]j _kj _ejeoik oq eilqje`]`( mqa i]jkoa]j h]o hauao lkn ej_]l]_e`]` u _kj) rajeaj_e]( oa _kjranpen j aj cqe ]lko `ah oeopai] _q]j`k `afaj `a oan pehao( _kik p]jpko kpnko mqa u] bqankj oajpaj_e]`ko lkn ah l lqhk*

^]h]_an]o aj `ebanajpao lqjpko `a hko iqje_eleko( u ah `a_kieok `a ]ni]o d] oe`k qj] _kjop]jpa* @a ikiajpk jk oa d] o]^e`k `a oa) _qaopnko( lkn hk iajko jk kbe_e]hev]`ko lkn h]o ]qpkne`]`ao aop]p]hao( lank hko da_dko `ahe_perko oa aop j lnaoajp]j`k ] _q]hmqean dkn] `ah ` ] u aj _khkje]o `a _q]hmqean pelk( oepq]_e j mqa naoqhp] lnak_ql]jpa l]n] h] ok_ea`]` _kheiajoa7 ]qjmqa h]o ej_kjbknie`]`ao jk oa atlna) oaj l ^he_]iajpa( aj _q]hmqean hqc]n `a naqje j okj pai]o mqa oa _kiajp]j u mqa u] aileav]j ] _na]n paikn* H] b]_ehe`]` l]n] `a_en mqa h] rekhaj_e] oa d] atpaj`e`k lkn pk`k ah l] o( jk `a^a `a oan ah ]ncqiajpk l]n] mqa hko _kheiajoao jko ]_kopqi^naiko ] reren aj qj _hei] `a ^]h]_an]o( l]n] mqa hko da_dko `ahe_perko _kieaj_aj ] l]na_anjko p]j bna_qajpao mqa paniejaiko _nauaj`k mqa ao l]npa `a h] _kpe`e]je`]`( jk lk`aiko lan`an h] _]l]_e`]` `a ]oki^nk u iq_dk iajko _naan mqa h] pn]jmqehe`]` ao ]hck mqa mqe j o]^a _q j`k hk rkhranaiko ] pajan* Ejoeopk( hko _kheiajoao jk lk`aiko je `a^aiko ]_kopqi^n]njko ] reren aj qj _hei] `a rekhaj_e]( `a ^]h]_an]o( `a lanoa_q_ekjao( `a `a_kieoko* L]n]n h] rekhaj_e] mqa oa d] oqo_ep]`k aj ?khei] ia l]na_a mqa ] j ao lkoe^ha( lank aj aok `a^aj `a ]lhe_]noa hko

lkhe_ ]o `a hko pnao n`ajao `a ck^eanjk7 oe jk( ao_aj]o _kik h] `ah l]o]`k `kiej) ck aj Hki]o Ran`ao aj h] _eq`]` _]lep]h( `kj`a lnaoqjpko `ahej_qajpao u lkhe_ ]o lnkp]ckjev]nkj qj ajbnajp]ieajpk( oan j na_qnnajpao* Aolank amqerk_]nia* =oeieoik( _nak mqa p]ilk_k ao ]`ie) oe^ha ao_q_d]n u ]`iepen h] pnehh]`] at_qo] `a mqa hko `ahej_qajpao mqa `apeajaj ]mq okj `a kpnko aop]`ko( jk `a ?khei]* Aok jk ao lnapatpk l]n] lnapaj`an `ao]paj`an oq k^hec]_e j `a lnk_qn]n h] oacqne`]` `a hko _kheiajoao u `a arep]n mqa ]_pko rekhajpko oec]j k_qnneaj`k aj h] r ] l ^he_]( lknmqa naoqhp] mqa opko oa _kiapaj ]mq u ]ba_p]j h] pn]jmqehe`]` `a hko mqa ]mq rereiko* Naoqhp] d]op] _eanpk lqjpk ejpn]o_aj`ajpa ah hqc]n `a j]_eieajpk `a hko `apaje`ko( lkn hk iajko ] i o hk ia ejpanao] _kik ian] ejbkni]_e j ]`e_ekj]h( lank jk _kik qj `]pk mqa i]nmqa h] `ebanaj_e] ajpna hk oq_a`e`k7 aj aok jk oa lqa`aj ^]o]n h]o ]qpkne`]`ao l]n] pn]p]n `a `a_en mqa aj ?k) hei] jk l]o] _]oe j]`]* Lq`ean] k_qnnen mqa ] jerah ba`an]h h] `ao]l]ne_e j `a Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko oenr] l]n] nalh]jpa]n h] hq_d] `ah Aop]`k _kjpn] ah _neiaj knc]jev]`k* H] lnacqjp] ao6 ¼U aj ?khei] mq d]n ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k l]n] jk laniepen mqa i o da_dko rekhajpko aop j ]hpan]j`k h] pn]jmqehe`]` `a pk`ko; .&

8H;L; >?IJEH?7 F7H7 97C?B7$ Ah ejokijek fqac] i]h]o l]o]`]o ] mqeaj hk l]`a_a* =h rania aj aoa h]iajp]^ha pn]j_a qj] `a aop]o jk_dao( ia lqoa ] lajo]n mq ha `en ] ] ?]ieh] oe ia lnacqjp]n] ok^na h] dkjkn]^ehe`]` `a jqaopnko ck^anj]jpao* Lkn afailhk mq ha `en ] h] ik_kjap] oe ia lnacqjp] mq d]_aj hko `elqp]`ko7 _ ik naolkj`an ] h] lnej_ao] _q]j`k ejmqean] oe I]nek =jcqe]jk ao ^qaj ck^anj]`kn* =qjmqa ao k^rek mqa _q]j`k h] ejb]jpej] hhacqa ] aok( d]^n j l]o]`k ]hcqjko ] ko u mqev ajpkj_ao uk pajc] qj] naolqaop] r]ha`an]( lank lkn ah ikiajpk( pk`]o h]o mqa nkj`]nkj ie _]^av] jk ]uq`]nkj aj j]`] ] _kj_ehe]n ie oqa k* Kpn] _ko] ia ejmqeap]( `ebanajpa lank jk lkn aok iajkn6 mq rku ] `a_enha ] h] lnal]nrqhep] _q]j) `k ia _qaopekja ok^na jqaopn] ]be_e j ]h =_h]o u h] lnk_here`]` `a aoa amqelk ] h] `annkp] u ah oqbneieajpk* Aj ran`]` mqa pk`k aopk ia lnkrk_] `khkn `a _]^av] u d]op] p]mqe_]n`e]o( iq_dk i o ah ]oqjpk `a hko `elqp]`ko mqa ah `ah =_h]o( lknmqa aj ie bqank ejpanjk o mqa ao i o oaj_ehhk mqa ah chknekok amqelk nkfejacnk c]ja qj _]ilakj]pk mqa jqaopnko pne^qjko oa lkj) c]j ] pn]^]f]n* Lkn hk `ai o( aopku oacqnk mqa aj_kjpn]n h] naolqaop] _knna_p] l]n] `abejen ]h ck^anj]jpa oej ]hpan]n h] jkrah _kj_eaj_e] `a ie r]op]cqep]( lqao ]bknpq) j]`]iajpa u jk o `a ` j`a( ] ?]ieh] ha cqop]j hko _]^]hhko* .&

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

HeX[hjW =WhpW

H_YWhZe Cedh[Wb Îl_bW

&M TFDVFTUSP

/P EFTQJFSUFO BM .lYJDP CSPODP

-

] `ao]l]ne_e j `a @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko ] h] ajpn]`] `a oq n]j_dk mqanap]jk oan ] qj] aop]` ope_] i o aj aopa l] o `a oa_qaopnko Ío ( mqev d]u] i o ]oaoej]pko aj aoa >n]oeh mqa( oac j ?]h`an j( aop iafkn lq^he_ep]`k( lank hko _]ilakjao `ah lh]cek okiko jkokpnkoÍ( `a jk oan lkn ah ]hp oeik lanÚh `ah lanokj]fa* Lanokj]fa( lkn _eanpk( ] mqeaj jk lqa`a jac noaha h] lnaop]j_e]( h] ejpahecaj_e] u h] r]hajp ]( lank `a mqeaj ]dkn] mqa oa aj_qajpn] `ao]l]na_e`k pk`ko l]na_aj khre`]n h]o pn]l]_an ]o u i]_dej_qal]o mqa aj oq ikiajpk ha `eankj ]h reafan k p]jpk `a mq d]^h]n* H]o ranoekjao l ^he_]o o hk kpknc]j mqa ] h] lqanp] `a oq n]j_dk oa aj_kjpn oq _]iekjap] ]^]j`kj]`]( i]j_d]`] _kj ]hck `a oq o]jcna( u jk iq_dk i o* Ah ]oqjpk ao mqa dku ah lhajk `a jqaopn]o lkhe_ ]o aop ^qo_]j`k ] @eack* Aopk ao lnareoe^ha lkn ah _]he^na `ah lkh pe_k( hk _q]h ia hhar] ] lnacqjp]nia( ¼mqe j aj oq o]jk fqe_ek oan ] _]l]v `a oa_qaopn]n ] qj lanokj]fa `a p]j ]hpk lanÚh; =qj l]n] h] ^]j`] i o okÚope_]`] qj lh]cek `a ao] reoe^ehe`]` amqer]h`n ] ] iapan h] _]^av] aj h] ^k_] `a qj ha j* Lank d]u qj lq ]`k `a _heajpao ] mqeajao hao lqa`a ejpanao]n fqopk aok6 lkn afailhk( ] _q]hmqean] `a jqaopn]o iejeiev]`]o cqannehh]o Í]qjmqa ah ALN oa `aohej` ]uan lkn h] p]n`aÍ( mqa oa ^ajaÚ_e]n ]j `a qj ckhla ]o aj ]n]o `a ^qo) _]n( ]`ai o `ah lnareoe^ha _k_dejepk `a _]n] ]h ^e_ajpaj]nek( d]np] lq^he_e`]`* Lkn kpnk h]`k lk`n ]iko d]^h]n `a qj ]fqopa `a _qajp]o ajpna l]npe_qh]nao( atlhe_]_e j oeailna b]rkna_e`] lkn h]o ranoekjao kÚ_e]hao mqa ejoeopaj _]`] mqa d]u ckhlao `a aop] ajranc]`qn] aj mqa ah _eq`]`]jk _ki j peaja lk_k mq paian Íhko `] ko _kh]pan]hao okj hko iajko( _kik `efk ?]h`an jÍ( u] mqa ah i]h oa mqa`] jki o ajpna hko i]hkoko* Lank( `a jqark( lkn ah laok lkh pe_k u ia`e pe_k `ah Faba( jk _q]h) mqean] `a oqo iq_dko ]cn]re]`ko lk`n ] ]pnaranoa ] `ao]l]na_anhk ]o _kik ]o * =h Új]h `ah _]iejk( p]jpk oe @eack ]j`]^] iape`k aj ]hck iqu( iqu ko_qnk _kik oe bqa ]hc j cnqlk cqannehhank aj ^qo_] `a lneian]o lh]j]o( h] naolqaop] klknpqj]( aj aolan] `a ]hcqj] hh]i]`] `a nao_]pa u( kf]h ( ]jpao `a mqa ]l]nav_] aj ]hcqj] v]jf] ah _qanlk `ah `ao]l]na_e`k( lk`n `]nh] o hk qj] ]_q_eko] ejraopec]_e j lkhe_e]_]* ?kik oe ah _]ok jk bqan] hk oqÚ_eajpaiajpa ejmqeap]jpa Íoe aok ha l]o] ] ]hcqeaj _kik @eack( ¼mq ha aolan] ]h _eq`]`]jk _ki j;Í( jki o b]hp] mqa jqaopnko lna_h]nko ejraopec]`knao `a_h]naj( hqack `a qj] oai]j]( mqa pk`k bqa qj ]__e`ajpa u mqa @eack oeailna aopqrk k_qhpk `a^]fk `ah ]oeajpk `a h] _]iekjap]* .D heX[hjW$]WhpW6c_b[d_e$Yec

C_b[d_e 9eb_cW" FkXb_YWY_ d :_Wh_W W e + De$ '+&.$ CWoe '." (&'& D c[he Z[ 9[hj_\_YWZe Z[ H[i[hlW ejeh]WZe feh [b ?dij_jkje DWY_edWb Z[ :[h[Y^ei Z[ 7kjeh0 [d jh|c_j[$ D c[he Z[ 9[hj_\_YWZe Z[ B_Y_jkZ Z[ 9edj[d_Ze0 [d jh|c_j[ D c[he Z[ 9[hj_\_YWZe Z[ B_Y_jkZ Z[ J jkbe0 [d jh|c_j[ Ejeh]WZei feh bW 9ec_i_ d 9Wb_\_YWZehW Z[ FkXb_YWY_ed[i o H[l_ijWi ?bkijhWZWi Z[ bW I[Yh[jWh W Z[ =eX[hdWY_ d FkXb_YWZe o Z_ijh_Xk_Ze feh f[h_ Z_Ye C?B;D?E :?7H?E I$7$ Z[ 9$L$ :ec_Y_b_e Z[ bW ?cfh[i_ d o FkXb_YWY_ d0 7l[dW De$ '-" 9eb$ =hWd`Wi ;ic[hWbZW" 9$F$ &/.'&" C n_Ye :$<$ J[bi0 +*#*+#(/#./ :_ijh_XkY_ d Kd_ d DWY_edWb Z[ ;nf[dZ[Zeh[i Z[ F[h_ Z_Yei Z[ C n_Ye Fh[Y_e0 +$&& ;b Yedj[d_Ze Z[ bei Whj Ykbei [i h[ifediWX_b_ZWZ [nYbki_lW Z[ bei Wkjeh[i JeZei bei Z[h[Y^ei [ij|d h[i[hlWZei Gk[ZW fhe^_X_ZW bW h[fheZkYY_ d fWhY_Wb e jejWb Z[b cWj[h_Wb fkXb_YWZe i_d Yedi[dj_c_[dje feh [iYh_je Z[ bei [Z_jeh[i BW _d\ehcWY_ d Yedj[d_ZW ^W i_Ze eXj[d_ZW Z[ \k[dj[i gk[ i[ Yedi_Z[hWd \_Z[Z_]dWi$

-

] bn]oa r] ] _qilhen p]i^e j oq lneian _ajpaj]nek* H] lnk) jqj_e d]_a 53 ] ko LknÚnek @ ]v( ah /- `a i]uk `a -5-/( ] ^kn`k `ah ^qmqa ]hai j Elen]jc]( _q]j`k l]np ] `a Ran]_nqv nqi^k ]h atehek bn]j_ o6 Î=`e o L]pne] mqane`]( jk r]u]j ] `aolanp]n ]h I te_k ^nkj_kÏ* ?kj ah lnkl oepk `a `ki]n ]h I te_k ^ n^]nk `ah oechk TET( LknÚnek @ ]v ejop]qn qj] `e_p]`qn] qjelanokj]h `a pnao ` _]`]o ^]fk h] _kjoecj] lkoepereop] `a Îkn`aj u lnkcnaokÏ* Jqj_] ]_alp mqa oq i pk`k l]) _eÚ_]`kn paniej]n] cajan]j`k h] rekhaj_e] mqa hk a_d ] h `ah lk`an u ] qj iehh j `a iate_]jko ] h] bko] _ki j u ] hko l]jpakjao* Jk `aolanp]n ]h ÎI te_k ^nkj_kÏ na_kiaj`]^] p]i^e j d]_a pnao ` _]`]o Fao o Nauao Dankhao* Lank h qpehev]^] h] atlnaoe j aj qj _h]) nk _kjpn]opa _kj ah lknÚne]pk* L]n] arep]n `aolanp]n ]h I te_k ^nkj_k( d]^n ] mqa `]n rkv u rkpk ] h] `eoe) `aj_e] lkh pe_]( aola_e]hiajpa ] h] cqannehh] qn^]j] u nqn]h( ]_kjoaf]^] qjk `a hko i]uknao nabkni]`knao lkh pe_ko `ah l] o* Dku ah I te_k ^nkj_k _]^]hc] `a jqark u ckhla] `ena_p]iajpa ] h] _h]oa `enecajpa u ]h l]npe`k aj ah ck^eanjk( aj qj] aolen]h `a rek) haj_e] mqa l]na_a ej`ki]^ha( `a h] mqa j]`ea lk`aiko _kjoe`an]njko atajpko k ] o]hrk* D]_a ]laj]o qj]o oai]j]o( `ao`a ah I te_k kÚ_e]h( oa kbna_ ] mqa l]n] Új `a ] k d]) ^n ] qj `ao_ajok `a h] rekhaj_e]7 p]i^e j( mqa hko _eq`]`]jko `a ] lea( h]o r _pei]o ejk_ajpao `a h] cqann] kÚ_e]h( an]j hko iajko( qj] _ebn] aop]` ope_] enneokne] `a -, lkn _eajpk7 mqa u] d]^ ]iko `ki]`k ] hko Î_ej_kÏ fejapao `ah ]lk_]heloeo u kpn]o atlnaoekjao nap ne_]o hhaj]o `a lhajko `aoako( lank _]najpao `a nabanajpao aj h] re`] na]h* Ah lh]cek `a @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko $qj lanokj]fa ok^nao]heajpa `a h] hh]i]`] Îpn]joe_e j `aik_n ) pe_]Ï( `a mqeaj oa lk`n `eoajpen( lank jqj_] fqopeÚ_]n ah pn]j_a mqa aop l]o]j`k% jk o hk `] ]h pn]opa _kj ah `eo_qnok kÚ_e]h( oejk mqa nalnaoajp] qj] iap op]oeo `ah _ j_an `a h] rekhaj_e] u h] ejoacqne`]` mqa ckhla] ] h] _eq`]`]j ] u( ] l]npen `ah o ^]`k l]o]`k( ] h] hh]i]`] _h]oa lkh pe_]* Ah oa_qaopnk `a @eack Banj j`av oa oqi] ]h ]npank ]oaoej]pk `ah _]j`e`]pk `ah L=J ] h] ]h_]h` ] `a R]hha Danikok( aj P]i]qhel]o( I]nek Cq]f]n`k R]nah]( ]h napenk `a kpnko _]j`e`]pko l]jeop]o aj h] ieoi] ajpe`]` lkn ]iaj]v]o `a iqanpa `ah _neiaj knc]jev]`k( ]h

I_ [b C n_Ye X|hXWhe [i \hkje Z[ bW l_eb[dY_W ieY_Wb feXh[pW" Z_iYh_c_# dWY_ d" Z[i_]kWbZWZ " [b C n_Ye XhedYe de [i ejhe gk[ [b Z[ bW l_eb[dY_W feb j_YW \hkje Z[ Z[iWYk[hZei" cWh]_dWY_ d" [nYbki_ d o W]WdZWbb[ [djh[ bWi b_j[i

PQJOJuO

]p]mqa Îlkn annknÏ `ah _kjrku `ah _]j`e`]pk `ah LNE ]h ck^eanjk `a ?dedq]dq]( ]h ]oaoej]pk `ah `enecajpa aop]p]h `ah LP aj Cqannank( Nau Dan) j j`av( ] h]o ejpeie`]_ekjao _kjpn] h] b]iehe] `ah _]j`e`]pk ]he]j_eop] aj Oej]hk]( ah oaj]`kn _kj he_aj_e] I]nek H lav R]h`av $I]hkr]% u( aj cajan]h( ]h ajn]na_eieajpk mqa h] rekhaj_e] d] lnkrk_]`k aj oaeo `a hko -. aop]`ko `kj`a d]^n aha__ekjao hk_]hao ah ln teik 0 `a fqhek* Jqj_] _kik dku rekhaj_e] u aha__ekjao oa ajpna_nqv]j( _kjÚcqn]j`k h] ln]) `an] `kj`a oa ]heiajp] u _]^]hc] ah I te_k ^nkj_k* Oe ah I te_k ^ n^]nk ao bnqpk `a h] rekhaj_e] ok_e]h $lk^nav]( `eo_neiej]_e j( `aoecq]h`]`%( ah I te_k ^nkj_k jk ao kpnk mqa ah `a h] rekhaj_e] lkh pe_] $bnqpk `a `ao]_qan`ko( i]ncej]_e j( at_hqoe j u ]c]j`]hha ajpna h]o hepao%* Ao ajpaj`e^ha mqa ah I te_k ^nkj_k `a d]_a qj oechk `aolan) p]n] lkn h] `e_p]`qn] lanokj]h `a pnao ` _]`]o `a LknÚnek @ ]v* Jk hk ao p]jpk mqa ah I te_k ^nkj_k `a ]dkn] oa aop lkjeaj`k `a lea lkn qj] pn]joe_e j `aik_n pe_] mqa eje_e d]_a /, ] ko _kj h] na) bkni] lkh pe_] `a Nauao Dankhao* = iajko( _h]nk( mqa aj ah _]iejk oa d]u] _kjranpe`k aj qj] pn]joe) _e j b]hhe`]* ¼?q h lq`k d]^an oe`k h] b]hh]; Mqa `e_d] pn]joe_e j oa d]u] mqa`]`k r]_ ] `a _kjpaje`k ok_e]h u a_kj ie_k( lkn qj h]`k( u `a hacepeie`]` lkh pe_] lkn ah kpnk( ]h _kjranpenoa jk aj qj] r ] l]n] h] _en_qh]_e j `a h]o hepao( oejk aj qj na_qnok l]n] h] lanlapq]_e j `a qj] `a ahh]o $Sehbna`k L]napk%* Ao `a_en( aj qj] ]hpanj]j_e] lkh pe_] bkni]h( oej ]hpanj]per]o `aik_n ) pe_]o `a bkj`k* Ah o ieh `a aop] aolen]h `a rek) haj_e] lkh pe_] _kj ?khki^e] ao ejarep]^ha( ]qjmqa jk oa] at]_p] u lna_eo] h] _kil]n]_e j* Bqa qj] nabanaj_e] ejarep]^ha `qn]jpa h] re) oep] mqa ]_pq]hiajpa na]hev] Bahela ?]h`an j ] Aol] ]* =qjmqa na_d]v mqa hko jerahao `a rekhaj_e] d]u]j ]h_]jv]`k hko `a hko ] ko 4, aj aoa l] o( oa ]`iepe ah l]n]haheoik* H] ran`]` ao mqa j]`ea `aoa] h]o b]oao _khki^e]j]o mqa ] j jk oa lnaoajp]j aj I te_k6 ]o]hpk ] h] Oqlnai] ?knpa `a Fqope_e]( pki] `ah ?kjcnaok( oa_qaopnk `a ck^an) j]`knao u ]oaoej]pk `a _]j`e`]pko lnaoe`aj_e]hao* Ah I te_k ^nkj_k jk `a^a `ao) lanp]n* Aop] `a^a oan h] lnekne`]` `a pk`ko hko mqa ]_pq]iko aj h] re`] l ^he_]* U h] lneian] ]__e j `a^a oan mqep]n ] h] rekhaj_e] oq oeieajpa ok_e]h6 h] lk^nav]( h] i]ncej]_e j u h] `aoecq]h`]` aopnq_pqn]h( _aj) paj]ne]( mqa ]heiajp] p]i^e j ]h I te_k ^ n^]nk* .D h_YWhZeUcedh[WbUWl_bW6oW^ee$Yec$cn

@E

; H=

C

E9

>

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

/BDJPOBM

P

YWie \[hd|dZ[p Z[ Y[lWbbei I7H7 ;I9E87H

C?9>7;B H;ODEB:I%;<;

;b ]eX_[hde Z[ EXWcW" f[dZ_[dj[

ºFhec_d[dj[ feb j_Ye»

BWc[djWd [d ;ijWZei Kd_Zei bW Z[iWfWh_Y_ d MWi^_d]jed3Efk`d\o

F[hiedWb Z[ bW FheYkhWZkh W Z[ @kij_Y_W Z[ Gk[h jWhe Yedj_d W Yed bWi _dZW]Wjeh_Wi [d [b hWdY^e ZedZ[ WYedj[Y_[hed bei ^[Y^ei

9kWdZe c[dei kdW f[hiedW fWhj_Y_f [d bW Z[iWfWh_Y_ d Z[b [n YWdZ_ZWje fh[i_Z[dY_Wb0 F=H

<Wc_b_W Z[ :_[]e bbWcW W d[]eY_Wh ;d kdW YWhjW ÅhcWZW feh [b ^_`e Z[b [n b[]_ibWZeh XbWdgk_Wpkb" ^WY[d kd bbWcWZe ºW bWi f[hiedWi gk[ h[j_[d[d» Wb feb j_Ye ºW gk[ [djWXb[d Yeckd_YWY_ d»" Yed [b Åd Z[ WYehZWh bei j hc_dei Z[ ik b_X[hWY_ d C n_Ye" Gk[h jWhe3I\[XZZ` e# If[fc]f Dfek\j# <jki\ccX ÝcmXi\q p IlY e Dfjjf

-

] b]iehe] `ah at oaj]`kn @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko devk l ^he_] ]uan qj] _]np] aj h] mqa d]_a qj hh]i]`k Î] h]o lanokj]o mqa napeajajÏ ]h p]i^e j at _]j`e`]pk lnaoe`aj_e]h( Î] mqa ajp]^haj _kiqje_]_e j aj ]n]o `a jack_e]n oq he^an]_e jÏ* Aj h] ^nara ieoer]( Úni]`] lkn @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko Cqpe ) nnav( defk `ah l]jeop]( oa ]oeajp] p]i^e j mqa Îh] b]iehe] Banj j) `av `a ?ar]hhko ]cn]`a_a pk`]o h]o i]jebaop]_ekjao `a ]lkuk u okhe`]ne`]` na_e^e`]oÏ* Ah patpk bqa `ebqj`e`k lkn =jpkjek Hkv]jk Cn]_e]( at lnk) _qn]`kn cajan]h `a h] Nal ^he_]( ]ieck `ah `ao]l]na_e`k u oq ok_ek aj qj `aol]_dk fqn `e_k* Ieajpn]o p]jpk( ]jpao `a ]_q`en ] h]o ejop]h]_ekjao `a h] -3 Vkj]

Iehep]n( aj Mqan p]nk( Iecqah Ban) j j`av `a ?ar]hhko( dani]jk `a @eack( re]f `a h] _]lep]h aop]p]h ]h iqje_elek `a La`nk Ao_k^a`k l]n] ejcnao]n ]h n]j_dk lnklea) `]` `a oq dani]jk u( ] oq o]he`]( _kj_a`e qj] ^nara ajpnareop] ] hko nalknpanko mqa oa aj_kjpn]^]j ]lkop]`ko aj aoa lqjpk* = ahhko le`e oan Îiqu _]qpahkokoÏ _kj ah i]jafk `a h] ejbkni]_e j `ah _]ok `a oq dani]jk( pk`] rav mqa oa pn]p] `a ]hck Îoqi]iajpa `ahe_]`kÏ* @efk mqa d]op] ah ikiajpk j]`ea d] da_dk _kjp]_pk ]hcqjk _kj h q kpnk b]iehe]n l]n] okhe_ep]n qj nao_]pa k ejbkni]n ok^na oq dani]jk* Lkn kpnk h]`k( h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] Cajan]h `a h] Nal ^he_] _qajp] _kj ej`e_eko `a mqa _q]j`k ia) jko qj] lanokj] l]npe_el aj h] `ao]l]ne_e j `a Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko( lqao aok oa `aolnaj`a `a h]o lneian]o ej`]c]pkne]o ln]_) pe_]`]o aj ah n]j_dk H] ?]^] ]( lnklea`]` `ah l]jeop]*

P YbWl[i 9ebWXehWY_ d 97kjeh_ZWZ[i Z[ bei [ijWZei \hedj[h_pei Yed Gk[h jWhe cWdj_[d[d iki ef[hWj_lei Z[ l_]_bWdY_W [d bei fkdjei b_c jhe# \[i Yed bW [dj_ZWZ gk[h[jWdW$

9;d =kWdW`kWje" bW I[Yh[jWh W Z[ I[]kh_ZWZ F Xb_YW _d\ehc gk[ \k[hed h[l_iWZWi bWi fhe# f_[ZWZ[i Z[b [n b[]_ibWZeh [d @[h YkWhe o 7fWi[e [b 7bje$

Aj ajpnareop] _kj IEHAJEK @e]nek( ah rk_ank `a h] ejopepq_e j( Ne_]n`k J fan]( i]jebaop mqa h] LCN peaja _anpav] `a mqa aj h] lnk) lea`]` `ah lkh pe_k oa aj_kjpn]^] qj] lanokj] i o q kpn]o* ÎOa aop j _da_]j`k `a i]jan] iqu `ena_p] pk`]o h]o dqahh]o `a h] _]iekjap] u `a h]o _ko]o mqa aop]^]j ]hna`a`kn `a op]( p]i^e j _q hao

okj h]o mqa lqa`aj oan pehao l]n] oan _kil]n]per]o7 oa r]j ] pn]p]n `a l]o]n h]o mqa oa]j pehao ]h oeo) pai] =BEO l]n] ran oe ateopa ]hc j naceopnk `a ]jpa_a`ajpao `ajpnk `a h] `alaj`aj_e]Ï( oa ]h * J]fan] `af _h]nk mqa ] lao]n `a mqa hko lneianko ]j heoeo `aiqaopn]j mqa ah pelk `a o]jcna hk_]hev]`] aj ah rad _qhk ?]`ehh]_ Ao_]h]`a ao pelk = lkoeperk( oeieh]n ] h] `ah l]jeop]( h] LCN jk aop aj lkoe^ehe`]` `a ]Úni]n mqa hko n]opnko dai pe_ko oa]j `a h( u] mqa lk`n ]j _knnaolkj`an ] kpn] lanokj]* Lkn h] jk_da( h] LCN `ebqj`e qj _kiqje_]`k aj ah mqa naepan mqa ejbkni]n lqjpq]hiajpa ok^na ah ]r]j_a `a h] ejraopec]_e j l]n] arep]n h] lnkheban]_e j `a hko nqiknao* H] ejopepq_e j oa ]h mqa _q]hmqean `]pk nah]_ekj]`k _kj h] ejraopec]_e j nabane`] oa d]n l ^he_k( `a i]jan] _kjfqjp] _kj h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] Cajan]h `a Fqope_e] u ah ck^eanjk `a Mqan p]nk( lkn aoa ieoik ia`ek*.D

&

h ck^eanjk `ah lnaoe`aj) pa aop]`qje`ajoa >]n]_g K^]i] h]iajp ]uan h] `ao]l]ne_e j `ah at oaj]`kn u at _]j`e`]pk lnaoe`aj_e]h @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko* =oeieoik( naepan oq _kilnk) ieok `a ]uq`]n ]h lnaoe`ajpa `a I te_k( Bahela ?]h`an j( aj h] hq_d] _kjpn] h] _neiej]he`]`* Qj bqj_ekj]nek `ah @al]np]iaj) pk `a Aop]`k `efk ] Jkpeiat mqa ah ck^eanjk aop]`qje`ajoa d] reopk hko nalknpao `a h] `ao]l]ne_e j Î`ah lnk) iejajpa lkh pe_k @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhkoÏ u mqa _kil]npa Îh] lna) k_ql]_e j `a oq b]iehe] u `a pk`ko hko iate_]jko lkn oq ^eajaop]nÏ* Ah bqj_ekj]nek atlnao oq _kjbe]jv] aj mqa ah ck^eanjk iate_]jk ]paj`an h] oepq]) _e j Î]cnaoer]iajpaÏ l]n] h] hk_]hev]_e j `ah at _]j`e`]pk lnaoe`aj_e]h `ah L=J* ÎOacqeiko _kilnkiape`ko aj ]lku]n ]h ck^eanjk `a I te_k u ]h lnaoe`ajpa $Bahela% ?]h`an j aj aop] ^]p]hh] _n pe_] _kjpn] h] _neie) j]he`]` u h] rekhaj_e]Ï( oa ]h * Lkn oal]n]`k( qj bqj_ekj]nek `ah ?kjoafk J]_ekj]h `a Oacqne`]` `efk ] Jkpeiat mqa aop j Îikje) pkna]j`k h] oepq]_e jÏ* ?]h`an j( mqeaj oa aj_qajpn] aj Aol] ]( na]hev]n ah ie n_khao qj] reoep] `a Aop]`k ] S]odejcpkj( `kj`a oa naqjen _kj ah lnaoe`ajpa K^]i]( u ah fqarao oan ah kn]`kn lnej_el]h `a qj] oaoe j _kjfqjp] `a h] ? i]n] `a Nalnaoajp]jpao u `ah Oaj]`k `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko*

º:[iWfWh_Y_ d c_ij[h_eiW» Ieajpn]o p]jpk( ah ck^anj]`kn `ah Aop]`k `a I te_k( Ajnemqa La ] Jeapk ]beni mqa h] =caj_e] `a Oacqne`]` Aop]p]h u h] Lnk_qn]) `qn ] Cajan]h `a Fqope_e] peajaj h] ejopnq__e j `a _kh]^kn]n _kj h]o ]qpkne`]`ao ba`an]hao l]n] q^e_]n ] @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko* Ah i]j`]p]nek aop]p]h naÚne mqa oa pn]p] `a qj] Î`ao]l]ne_e j ieopaneko]Ï( lkn hk mqa oa kbna_e ] h] b]iehe] Îpk`] h] _kh]^kn]_e j mqa aop ]h ]h_]j_a `ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`kÏ*.D

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

OBDJPOBM

;Z_jeh0 'SBODJTDP (BSEVtP feb j_YW6c_b[d_eZ_Wh_e$Yec$cn

ºDeiejhei jWcX_ d j[d[cei YecfW [hei Z[iWfWh[Y_Zei»" h[Yk[hZW [b ]hkfe WhcWZe

I[ Z[ib_dZW [b ;FH o i[ ieb_ZWh_pW Yed \Wc_b_Wh[i I7H7 ;I9E87H

9h_j_YW [b Wfeoe

o bei ºWifWl_[djei» Z[b ;ijWZe ^WY_W bei W\[YjWZei

=jpkjek Knpac] O j_dav;Ï* H] ieoi] lnacqjp] ao da_d] p]i^e j ] Jahokj R]nc]o u =haf]j) `nk I]np ( `ko ailnao]neko mqa d]j lan`e`k ] oqo defko ] _]qo] `a ]jpaneknao oa_qaopnko* .D `a h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] Cajan]h `a h] Nal ^he_]( Jkni] L]pne_e] R]h`av =nc ahhao( ]o _kik _kj ah _ki]j) `]jpa `a ao] oa`a iehep]n( cajan]h Qne^a Pkha`k Oe^]f]* Aj ah aj_qajpnk( aj ah mqa p]i^e j aopqrk lnaoajpa ah lnaoe`ajpa iqje_el]h `a Mqa) n p]nk( Bn]j_eo_k @ki jcqav( oa pn]p]nkj hko lkniajknao `a hko ]r]j_ao `a h] ]ranecq]_e j lnare] O?+/-+.,-, mqa `ao`a h]o lneian]o dkn]o `ah o ^]`k l]o]`k ]^ne h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] Cajan]h `a Fqope_e] `ah Aop]`k `a Mqan p]nk lkn h] `ao]l]ne_e j `ah at _]j`e`]pk ] h] Lnaoe`aj_e] `a h] Nal ^he_] `a oq n]j_dk H] ?]^] ]( q^e_]`k aj ah iqje_elek mqanap]jk `a La`nk Ao_k^]n* Aj h] naqje j Ímqa oa lnk) hkjc lkn aol]_ek `a `ko dkn]o

u ia`e]Í oa ]^kn` ah pai] `a h] _]np] mqa ah ]^kc]`k u ]ieck `a @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko( =jpkjek Hkv]jk Cn]_e]( `ek ] _k) jk_an u aj h] mqa oa ajr ] qj iajo]fa `a h] b]iehe] Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko l]n] okhe_ep]n ] h]o lanokj]o mqa lnk^]^haiajpa napeajaj ]h at oaj]`kn l]jeop] mqa oa lkjc]j aj _kjp]_pk l]n] eje_e]n qj] jack_e]_e j* Ah lneiank aj hhac]n ] h] -3 Vkj] Iehep]n bqa ah ck^anj]`kn ?]hv]`] Nkrenko]( ajoacqe`] hk devk h] `a) hac]`] `a h] LCN u lkopanekniajpa Iecqah Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko* =`ai o `a oan ah _kkn`ej]`kn `a Ejpahecaj_e] u =jpeoa_qaopnko `a h] Oa_nap]n ] `a Oacqne`]` L ^he_] ba`an]h( ? n`aj]o L]hkiejk p]i^e j peaja ^]fk oq _]nck h] _kkn`ej]_e j nacekj]h `a oacqne`]`* .D

CWhY[bW Jehh[i" Z_fkjWZW \[Z[hWb" ZkhWdj[ bW c_iW fWhW f[Z_h feh bW iWbkZ o bW l_ZW Z[b feb j_Ye `ao]l]na_eankj aj K]t]_] oqo `ko ejpacn]jpao u ]_qo] `a jqar] _qajp] `a aopa da_dk ]h cajan]h napen]`k Fq]j =hbna`k Knklav] C]nje_]( ]h ck^anj]`kn `a K]t]_]( Qheoao Nqev Knpev( u ] Îmqeaj oa d]_a l]o]n _kik lnaoe`ajpa `a h] Nal ^he_] u faba `a h]o bqanv]o ]ni]`]o( Bahela ?]h`an j Dejkfko]* ÎL]n] jkokpnko Í`e_a ah ALNÍ h] lkh pe_] jk ao qj lnk^hai] lanokj]h( lkn aok ]jpa h] `ao]l]ne_e j `ah oa kn @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko( oej eilknp]n oe o]_]j oq ]__e`ajp]`] ^ekcn]b ] k hko _h]nk)ko_qnko `a oq re`]( h]iajp]iko ah da_dk*Ï =h bej]h `a oq _kiqje_]`k `e) bqj`e`k r ] _knnak aha_pn je_k( hko alanneop]o h]jv]j qj iajo]fa ] `ko ]^kc]`ko mqa aj_]^av]j ah ?kjoafk ?eq`]`]jk l]n] h] Oacq) ne`]`( qj knc]jeoik _ereh mqa d]

)BZ BMHP NBM FO FM QBpT ;c_b_e =WcXeW FWjh d" YWdZ_ZWje d_Ye W bW Z_h_][dY_W dWY_edWb Z[ bW

9DEF" Z_`e [if[hWh gk[ bWi Wkjeh_ZWZ[i \[Z[hWb[i o [ijWjWb[i Yedj_d [d _kj oq iafkn aobqanvk l]n] aj_kjpn]n ]h at oaj]`kn @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko* Pn]o h]iajp]n h] `ao]l]ne_e j `ah at _]j`e`]pk lnaoe`aj_e]h `ah L=J( ah lneeop] atlnao oq `aoak `a mqa ah l]jeop] oa aj_qajpna ^eaj u oa ]h mqa aopa da_dk naÛaf]( oej `q`]( mqa Îd]u ]hck i]h aj ah l] oÏ* C]i^k] `aop]_ h] _kjpne^q_e j ] h] pn]joe_e j `aik_n pe_] `ah l] o( h] oajoe^ehe`]` u Îh] l]h]^n]( mqa r]ha iq_dk aok aj h] _h]oa lkh pe_] `a ie l] oÏ( mqa d] paje`k ah p]i^e j at `elqp]`k ba`an]h* C n_Ye33FEBDDJuO

]_qo]`k l ^he_]iajpa ]h ALN `a na]hev]n oa_qaopnko aj `eranoko aop]`ko `ah l] o* ÎLkn _eanpk( aj aopa _kjpatpk `a `ao_kilkoe_e j ok_e]h( ¼mq `e_aj `a aopko da_dko Cqehhanik Rah]v_k =nv]_ u Fko

Bk_i 9|hZ[dWi FWbec_de WYkZ[ W bW h[kd_ d ieXh[ bWi f[igk_iWi

7i_]dWd Wb YWie W cWdZe Wdj_i[Yk[ijhei Z[ bW IIF -

qeo ? n`aj]o L]hkiejk( _kkn`ej]`kn `a Ejpahecaj) _e] u =jpeoa_qaopnko `a h] Oa_nap]n ] `a Oacqne`]` L ^he_] ba`an]h bqa ]oecj]`k ]h _]ok `a h] `ao]l]ne_e j `a @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko( lkn hk mqa aopa hqjao

9ehh[]_ZehW" Ghe$3If[fc]f Dfek\j# <jki\ccX ÝcmXi\q

1

&

Gk[h jWhe3If[fc]f Dfek\j# <jki\ccX ÝcmXi\q

H[pWd bei fWd_ijWi fWhW gk[ h[]h[i[ l_le ]jeop]o `a Mqan p]nk kbna) _eankj qj] ieo] l]n] la`en lkn ah lnkjpk napknjk _kj re`] `a oq _kil] ank `a l]npe`k @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko* Aj h] dkieh ]( _aha^n]`] ]uan lkn h] jk_da aj ah o]jpq]nek O]jp] I]n ] `ah Lqa^hepk `a aopa ]uqjp]) ieajpk mqanap]jk( oa `eankj _ep] `elqp]`ko hk_]hao u ba`an]hao `ah L=J( ]o _kik at bqj_ekj]neko `a h] l]o]`] ]`iejeopn]_e j l]jeop] `a Bn]j_eo_k C]nne`k L]pn j l]n] kn]n lkn h] o]hq` u h] re`] `ah ie) hep]jpa `ao]l]na_e`k* Ajpna hko lnaoajpao aopqrea) nkj h] aolko] `ah at i]j`]p]nek aop]p]h u `elqp]`] ba`an]h I]n) _ah] Pknnao7 ah at oa_nap]nek `a Ck^eanjk( =hbna`k >kpahhk( u ah `enecajpa aop]p]h `ah ^h]jmqe]) vqh u h `an `a h] ^]j_]`] `a aoa l]npe`k aj ah ?kjcnaok Hk_]h( Ne_]n`k =j]u]7 ah at _]j`e`]pk ] h] lnaoe`aj_e] iqje_el]h `a aopa ]uqjp]ieajpk( Nk^anpk >n]rk( ]o _kik iehep]jpao u oeil]pev]jpao `a ao] bqanv] lkh pe_]* Bqa ah l nnk_k N]uiqj`k ?]opehhk mqeaj le`e ] hko bahecnaoao u ]iecko `a @eack la`en ] @eko lkn ah lnkjpk napknjk `a opa _kj oq b]iehe]* ÎLe`]iko ]h Oa kn lkn ah he) _aj_e]`k @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko l]n] mqa hk bknp]hav_] aj aopa ikiajpk `eb _eh( lkn oq re`] u mqa ha _kj_a`] ah lnkjpk nacnaok ]h oajk `a oq b]iehe]Ï( `efk ah l]`na* ÎLe`]iko lkn hko ieai^nko `a oq b]iehe] l]n] mqa ah Oa kn hko hhaja `a l]v u `a aolan]jv] u lqa`]j ]_kcanoa u ^aj`a_en ah jki^na `a @ekoÏ( atdknp ah l]`na ?]opehhk( ]h mqa oecqeankj aj _knk hko ]oeopajpao ]h pailhk `a O]jp] I]n ] `ah Lqa^hepk* .D

C n_Ye3I\[XZZ` e

h Af n_epk Lklqh]n Narkhq) _ekj]nek oa `aohej` ]uan `a h] `ao]l]ne_e j `a @ea) ck Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko ] pn]r o `a qj _kiqje_]`k( aj ah _q]h oa okhe`]nev] _kj h] b]iehe] `ah at _]j`e`]pk lnaoe`aj_e]h `ah L=J* Ah cnqlk cqannehhank atlhe_] aj oq ao_nepk mqa ]qjmqa jk o]^a oe h] `ao]l]ne_e j oa `a^a ] ikperko lkh pe_ko( lqcj]o ejpanl]n`ep]ne]o k lkn h] `ao_kilkoe_e j Î`a aopa n ceiaj jakhe^an]hÏ( o]^a `ah `k) hkn lkn ah mqa l]o] h] b]iehe] Î`ah oa kn @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko lknmqa jkokpnko p]i^e j pajaiko ] `ko `a jqaopnko _kil] anko `apaje`ko `ao]l]na_e`ko lkn h]o bqanv]o nalnaoer]o `a Bahela ?]h`an j Dejkfko]6 A`iqj`k Nauao =i]u] u C]^neah =h^anpk ?nqv O j_davÏ* Aj oq ao_nepk( ah ALN _qaopekj] ah da_dk `a mqa Î_kik oa pn]p] `a qj _kjjkp]`k lkh pe_k( aopa n ceiaj hk ^qo_] u d]_a pk`ko hko ]ol]reajpko lkn aj_kjpn]n) hk rkh_]j`k pk`k ah ]lkuk `ah Aop]`k ] h] b]iehe]( da_dk mqa _kjpn]op] _q]j`k oa pn]p] `a qj _eq`]`]jk mqa jk peaja bknpqj] a_kj ie_] k qj ]lahhe`k `a na) jki^na( k `a qj hq_d]`kn ok_e]h lknmqa aj aopko _]oko oa pn]p] _kj `ao` j u oa iajkolna_e] ah `khkn `a h]o b]iehe]oÏ* Ah `aohej`a `a qj lkoe^ha oa_qao) pnk `a Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko ao ]lnkra_d]`k lkn ah cnqlk ]ni]`k l]n] na_kn`]n mqa d]_a pnao ] ko

C_iW [d 9ehh[]_ZehW

l]npe_el aj ah ejbknia `a h]o lao) mqeo]o `ah _]ok mqa oa hhar]j ] _]^k aj h] -3 Vkj] Iehep]n _kj oa`a aj aop] _eq`]` _]lep]h* =lnktei]`]iajpa ] h]o `ko `a h] p]n`a `a ]uan hqjao ah bqj) _ekj]nek ba`an]h( _kjoe`an]`k qjk `a hko dki^nao `a pk`]o h]o _kjÚ]jv]o `ah pepqh]n `a h] OOL( Caj]nk C]n_ ] Hqj]( ejcnao ] h]o

ejop]h]_ekjao _]opnajoao ] ^kn) `k `a qj] _]iekjap] ^hej`]`] u Û]jmqa]`k lkn `ko l]pnqhh]o `a h] Lkhe_ ] Ba`an]h* U] aj ah ejpanekn `a h] -3 Vkj] Iehe) p]n( ? n`aj]o L]hkiejk okopqrk qj] naqje j _kj ah dani]jk `a @eack( Iecqah Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko( _kj ah ck^anj]`kn `a aop] ajpe`]`( Fko ?]hv]`] Nkrenko]( u _kj ]h `ahac]`]

OBDJPOBM

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

ºI be WieY_WZei feZ[cei h[ifedZ[h W bei h[jei ]beXWb[i»" i[ WbW [d [dYk[djhe Yed 9WbZ[h d

9edi[`ei o Yec_i_ed[i

7feoW <[b_f[ Z[ 8ehX d bkY^W Z[ C n_Ye YedjhW [b ^WcfW

H[Y^WpWd ][d[hWY_ d Z[ [cfb[ei1 i be i[ ^Wd h[Ykf[hWZe

7B<H;:E =K;HH;HE%DEJ?C;N

;b ;`[Ykj_le \[Z[hWb

WÅhcW gk[ h[iebl[h| bei fheXb[cWi gk[ ik ]eX_[hde [d\h[djW H[Y_X[ [b h[ifWbZe [d bW X igk[ZW Z[ kd WYk[hZe fWhW h[ZkY_h bei YedjWc_dWdj[i

C n_Ye3DXi`XeX Fk\if$9i`q

-

CWZh_Z3Cfi\eX C g\q

&

h ln j_ela `a =opqne]o( Ba) hela `a >kn^ j( atlnao oq lnak_ql]_e j u okhe`]ne`]` lkn h] `eb _eh hq_d] _kjpn] ah _neiaj knc]jev]`k( hk mqa bqa ]cn]`a_e`k lkn ah lnaoe`ajpa Bahela ?]h`an j( mqeaj ]`iepe mqa aj I te_k ateo) paj Îlnk^hai]o oanekoÏ( lank mqa oq ck^eanjk hko pki] _kj oanea`]` u oa naokhran j* ÎO hk ]ok_e]`ko lk`aiko nao) lkj`an ] hko napko chk^]hao `a aopa iqj`k ejpan`alaj`eajpa( u] oa] ah _]i^ek _hei pe_k( h] _neoeo a_k) j ie_] u Új]j_ean] ejpanj]_ekj]h( _kik p]i^e j h] hq_d] _kjpn] ah j]n_kpn Ú_k u h]o na`ao `ah _neiaj knc]jev]`k* Oa kn Lnaoe`ajpa u aj aopa oajpe`k lani p]ia mqa ha `a`emqa qj] aola_e]h lnak_ql]) _e j u oajpe`k `a okhe`]ne`]` lkn h] `eb _eh hq_d] mqa oq l] o peaja aj i]n_d]Ï( `efk ah ln j_ela `a =opqne]o aj oq lneian aj_qajpnk _kj ah Lnaoe`ajpa iate_]jk(* Aj ah Ejopepqpk ?anr]jpao( ah lnaoe`ajpa ]cn]`a_e h]o Îatlna) oekjao `a okhe`]ne`]`( `a ]ba_pk u lnak_ql]_e j lkn I te_kÏ6 Aj

;b Fh[i_Z[dj[ c[n_YWde" Wb YebeYWh [b Î]k_bW 7pj[YW Wb YWdjWkjeh YWjWb|d @eWd CWdk[b I[hhWj oacqe`] ajb]pev 6 ÎPajaiko lnk) ^hai]o oaneko( o ( lank mqa p]i^e j aop]iko `a_e`e`ko ] ajbnajp]nhko _kj `apaniej]_e j u oanea`]`( mqa hko aop]iko ajbnajp]j`k _kj naolkjo]^ehe`]`( _kj h] ieoi] `apaniej]_e j u oanea`]` _kj hk mqa hko _kilnaj`aiko u mqa( `ao`a hqack( hko r]iko ] naokhranÏ* P]i^e j( _kik oq_a`e aj oq aj_qajpnk _kj ah faba `ah ck^ean) jk aol] kh( Fko Hqeo Nk`n cqav V]l]pank( ah Lnaoe`ajpa iate_]jk na_e^e ah naol]h`k `ah ln j_ela `a =opqne]o l]n] pn]^]f]n fqjpko aj hko aobqanvko aj_]iej]`ko ] ]h_]jv]n qj ]_qan`k rej_qh]jpa `a na`q_)

Fhej[][h _dijWbWY_ed[i [ijhWj ]_YWi" ik jWh[W

_e j `a aieoekjao aj h] ln tei] ?qi^na `ah ?]i^ek ?hei pe_k aj ?]j_ j( aj jkreai^na* Ah ln j_ela dana`ank ]cn]`a_e ]h lnaoe`ajpa ?]h`an j oq ]lkuk ] h] lnaoaj_e] `a Aol] ] aj ah Cnqlk `a hko .,( ejop]j_e] mqa aiance `aolq o `a h] _neoeo be) j]j_ean] aj Aop]`ko Qje`ko u `a h] a_kj ie_] chk^]h u mqa ]j]hev] jqarko ia_]jeoiko `a ck^eanjk* =oeieoik( oa lnkjqj_e lknmqa d]u] i o I te_k aj Aol] ] u i o Aol] ] aj I te_k* .D

% c_b[d_e$Yec

8kigk[ [b l_Z[e [d0

P YbWl[i 9edZ[YehWY_ d 9 ;d ik fWhWZW feh CWZh_Z" [b fh[i_Z[dj[ 9WbZ[h d YedZ[Yeh W @eWd CWdk[b I[hhWj Yed [b Î]k_bW 7pj[YW [d ]hWZe Z[ _di_]d_W feh ik Y[hYWd W Yed C n_Ye o ik Yed# jh_XkY_ d Wb YedeY_c_[dje [djh[ bWi ieY_[ZWZ[i Z[ WcXei fW i[i$ 9 :_[p cWd_\[ijWdj[i [ifW eb[i WYkZ_[hed Wb ?dij_jkje 9[hlWdj[i1 YkWdZe CWh]Wh_jW PWlWbW Whh_X Wb bk]Wh bei [dYedjh " f[he c_dk# jei Z[ifk i i[ h[j_hWhed$

H;Dx IEJE%7H9>?LE

;d ef[hWY_ d" W][dj[i [dYkX_[hjei Z[ bW F< C n_Ye3IlY e Dfjjf

&

h Nach]iajpk `a h] Lkhe_ ] Ba`an]h mqa nacqh]n h] klan]) _e j `a ]cajpao aj_q^eanpko u h] ejpanraj_e j `a _kiqje_]) _ekjao `qn]jpa ejraopec]_ekjao bqa atla`e`k aopa hqjao lkn ah lnaoe`ajpa Bahela ?]h`an j( lkn hk mqa dku ajpn] aj reckn* Ah @e]nek KÚ_e]h `a h] Ba`an]_e j lna_eo] mqa h] _knlkn]_e j lkhe_e]) _] `alaj`eajpa `a h] Oa_nap]n ] `a Oacqne`]` L ^he_] ba`an]h _kjp]n _kj 2/ `ena__ekjao cajan]hao( -5 _kkn`ej]_ekjao( ]`ai o `a h]o `e) reoekjao `a Ejpahecaj_e]( Ejraopec]) _e j( Oacqne`]` Nacekj]h( ?eajp Ú_]( =jpe`nkc]o u Bqanv]o Ba`an]hao* = h] @ereoe j `a Ejpahecaj_e]( mqa na]hev]n klan]_ekjao aj_q)

^eanp]o u qoq]neko oeiqh]`ko ha _knnaolkj`an ]lhe_]n( aj ah i^epk `a oq _kilapaj_e]( h] lnkpa__e j ] h]o ejop]h]_ekjao aopn]p ce_]o `ah Aop]`k iate_]jk( ia`e]jpa hko ejopnqiajpko u ia_]jeoiko pa_jkh ce_ko ja_ao]neko* =oeieoik( aop]^ha_an h] _kkn) `ej]_e j u na]hev]_e j `a ]__ekjao lkhe_e]hao( klan]_ekjao aj_q^ean) p]o u `a qoq]neko oeiqh]`ko( mqa ]oacqnaj h] k^paj_e j( ah ]j heoeo u atlhkp]_e j `a ejbkni]_e j `a ejpahecaj_e]( l]n] q^e_]n( e`ajpeÚ_]n( `eoq]`en( lnarajen u( aj ah i^epk `a oq _kilapaj_e]( _ki^]pen h] _kieoe j `a hko `ahepko u aop]^ha_an lkh pe_]o l]n] ah i]jafk `a bqajpao aj h] ok_ea`]` mqa laniep] cajan]n ejpahecaj_e] lkhe_e]h aj ]lkuk ] h]o `eopejp]o na]o `a h] ejopepq_e j*

] cajan]_e j `a lqaopko `a pn]^]fk aj ah oa_pkn bkni]h `a h] a_kjki ] o hk d] iepe) c]`k ah nav]ck mqa ah l] o peaja aj h] i]pane]( lkn hk mqa jk oa pn]p] `a Îjqarko ailhakoÏ( oejk `a h] na_qlan]_e j `a hko lan`e`ko aj ah hpeik ] k( _kej_e`eankj h `anao oej`e_]hao u ]_]` ie_ko* Aj ajpnareop] lkn oal]n]`k( ]Úni]nkj mqa ah ]qiajpk `a h] ejbkni]he`]` ao lnak_ql]jpa( ok^na pk`k( lknmqa jk ateopaj ia_]jeoiko l]n] ej_ajper]n ah naceopnk `a pn]^]f]`knao aj ah ian_]`k bkni]h( ]`ai o `a mqa h] nabkni] h]^kn]h lk`n ] ]q) iajp]n h] paj`aj_e] ] _kjpn]p]n oej oacqne`]` ok_e]h* Ah oa_nap]nek `a ?kiqje_]_e j Ok_e]h `a h] ?kjba`an]_e j `a Pn]) ^]f]`knao `a I te_k $?PI%( L]pne_ek Bhknao O]j`kr]h( h]iajp mqa ah ck^eanjk ba`an]h `ebqj`] _kik qj pneqjbk h]o _ebn]o `a ailhak naceopn]`]o aj ah lneian pneiaopna `ah ] k( lqao _kjoe`an mqa jk oa pn]p] `a jqar]o lh]v]o( oejk `a h] na_qlan]_e j `a ailhako mqa oa lan`eankj ] _kjoa_qaj_e] `a h] _neoeo a_kj ie_]* Ah l]o]`k 0 `a i]uk( ah c]^ejapa a_kj ie_k ba`an]h( ejbkni mqa `qn]jpa ah lneian pneiaopna `ah ] k oa naceopn qj] na_qlan]_e j `a ailhako ]_ahan]`] ]h cajan]n) oa /4- ieh 5,0 lh]v]o naceopn]`]o ]jpa ah EIOO( hk _q]h nalnaoajp] h] i]ukn p]o] `a _na_eieajpk `a hko hpeiko -3 ] ko* ÎJkokpnko jk raiko `ebanaj) _e]( hko ailhako mqa d]u aop j aj h] ejbkni]he`]`( ]`ai o `a mqa ah ck^eanjk ba`an]h oa devk qj lnkl oepk _kik lh]j `a ck) ^eanjk u `efankj mqa oa e^]j ] _na]n qj j iank `apaniej]`k `a lqaopko ]jq]hiajpa( hk _q]h jk oa d] reopk _kik p]h( oa d]j e`k na_qlan]j`k hko lan`e`ko lank jk d]u jqarkoÏ( `ap]hh Bhknao O]j`kr]h* .D

P YbWl[i BWi Y_\hWi ;djh[ iki bWXeh[i jWcX_ d Z[ijWYW [b Wi[]khWc_[dje Z[ Zhe]Wi ÎOkhe_ep]n ]h ?kieoekj]`k Ca) jan]h( _q]j`k oa _kjoe`ana ja_a) o]nek( mqa namqean] ] h] ]qpkne`]` fqneo`e__ekj]h( h] ]qpknev]_e j `a ejpanraj_e j `a _kiqje_]_ekjao aj p niejko `a h]o `eolkoe_ekjao ]lhe_]^hao7 naj`en( lnarek ]_qan`k _kj ah ?kieoekj]`k Cajan]h( hko ejbkniao ok^na hko naoqhp]`ko `a h]o ejpanraj_ekjao `a _kiqje_]) _ekjao lner]`]o ]jpa h] ]qpkne`]`

fq`e_e]h ] mqa oa naÚana ah ]np _qhk 1. `a h] HauÏ* P]i^e j paj`n j _kik k^faperk bkiajp]n h] lkh pe_] `a `ajqj_e] _eq`]`]j] l]n] h] ]lknp]_e j `a lnqa^]o mqa laniep] ah ]oacqn]ieaj) pk `a `nkc]o k oqop]j_e]o lnkde^e`]o( `apaj_e j `a `eopne^qe`knao k raj) `a`knao( e`ajpeÚ_]_e j u lnaraj_e j `a klan]_ekjao _kj na_qnoko `a lnk) _a`aj_e] eh _ep]( ajpna kpnko* .D

9;b i[Yh[jWh_e Z[b JhWXW`e" @Wl_[h BepWde" _d\ehc gk[ [d WXh_b i[ ][d[hWhed /( c_b *&+ [cfb[ei f[hcWd[dj[i o [l[djkWb[i [d [b ?CII" feh be gk[ \WbjWd ('( c_b fbWpWi fWhW h[]h[iWh Wb c|n_ce ^_ij h_Ye Z[ '* c_bbed[i *-+ c_b$

9I_d [cXWh]e" h[YedeY_ gk[ bW ][d[hWY_ d Z[ [cfb[ei [i Z_ijWdj[ W bei eX`[j_lei [ijW# Xb[Y_Zei [d [b FbWd DWY_edWb Z[ :[iWhhebbe$

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

OBDJPOBM

7YY_ d DWY_edWb ]eX[hdWXW bW YWf_jWb Z[ bW [dj_ZWZ Z[iZ[ '//'

=WdW [b FH? [d C h_ZW o [b 9ed]h[ie Z[ OkYWj|d Bei fh__ijWi

eXj_[d[d ') Z[ bWi '+ Z_fkjWY_ed[i1 [b h[ije [i fWhW bei fWd_ijWi FJ o 9edl[h][dY_W

lWd W bW YWX[pW [d ( WbYWbZ Wi1 [b FH:" W bW Z[bWdj[hW [d kd fWh C h_ZW3;Xe`\c 9Xihl\k

$

kj 51*/- lkn _eajpk `a h]o ]_p]o _kjp]^ehev]) `]o( h] _]j`e`]p] `ah LNE u LRAI( =jc he_] =n]qfk H]n]( ]rajp]f] _kj /*1 lqjpko lkn_ajpq]hao ] h] _]j`e`]p] `ah L=J( >a]pnev V]r]h] Laje_da( aj h] `eolqp] lkn h] ]h_]h` ] `a I ne`]( Uq_]p j( mqa aopqrk aj i]jko `ah l]jeoik `ao`a -55-* Ah Lnkcn]i] `a Naoqhp]`ko Lnaheiej]nao oqolaj`e ah _kj) pak( lank o hk b]hp]j 02 _]oehh]o lkn _kilqp]n* H] l]npe_el]_e j _eq`]`]j] `a h] fknj]`] bqa qj] `a h]o i o ^]f]o

<H7D9?I9E 87B:;H7I%9K7HJEI9KHE

aj Uq_]p j( _kj ]laj]o 10*5 lkn _eajpk `ah l]`n j aha_pkn]h* U ao mqa hko naoqhp]`ko `a h] oq) i]pkne] `a LNE u LRAI nalnaoajp]j -01 ieh 532 oqbn]ceko( _kjpn] -// ieh /,5 `ah L=J( oqnceaj`k ah L]npe`k `ah Pn]^]fk $LP% u oq _]j`e`]p] U]v) i j C]ol]n _kik h] pan_an] bqanv] lkh pe_] aj h] _]lep]h uq_]pa_]( _kj qj lqjpk lkn_ajpq]h `a h] aha__e j( qjko 2,, rkpko i o `a hko ]h_]jv]`ko lkn ah _]j`e`]pk `ah LN@( A`q]n`k Ok^nejk Oeann]* =`ai o `ah lkoe_ekj]ieajpk `ah LP( aop lkn `abejenoa _q]j`k oaoekja ah _kjoafk cajan]h `ah Ejopepqpk `a Lnk_a`eieajpko Aha_pkn]hao u L]npe_el]_e j ?eq`]`]j] `a Uq_]) p j mqa Jqar] =he]jv] paj`n oq lneian lnaoe`ajpa iqje_el]h aj okhep]nek( oej _k]he_e j k ]_qan`k _kj kpn] bqanv] lkh pe_]( aj Paikv j( ]h kneajpa( `kj`a oa q^e_] h] vkj] ]nmqakh ce_] `a Ag >]h]i* Aj ah nal]npk `a h]o -,2 ]h_]h` ]o( ah LNE ]l]na_a aj lneian hqc]n _kj 21( oe ^eaj ah L=J _kj_hqe`ko hko _kjpako iqje_el]hao nalknp] /1( ]hcqj]o `a ahh]o `a eilknp]j_e] lkn pajan n]jck `a _eq`]`( _kik k_qnna _kj Pevei j u Ikpqh( k `a cn]j atpajoe j pannepkne]h _kik

7d] b_YW 7hWk`e j_[d[d )$+ fkdjei Z[ l[djW`W ieXh[ ik h_lWb c|i Y[hYWdW

ºJeZe \k[ kdW [b[YY_ d Z[ ;ijWZe" f[he de i[ ^W j[hc_dWZe»

BbWcW PWlWbW W Z[\[dZ[h ik jh_kd\e Yed kdW cel_b_pWY_ d C h_ZW3;Xe`\c 9Xihl\k

-

] _]j`e`]p] `ah L=J ] h] ]h) _]h` ] `a I ne`]( >a]pnev V]r]h] Laje_da( _kjrk_ ] hko _eq`]`]jko mqa _kjoe`anaj mqa `qn]jpa h] fknj]`] aha_pkn]h `ah `kiejck dq^k _kilhe_e`]` `a h] ]qpkne`]` aha_pkn]h _kj ah LNE ] mqa oa lnaoajpaj ] h] Lh]v] Cn]j`a `a h] _eq`]` Îl]n] `abaj`an ah pneqjbk aha_pkn]h `ah L=JÏ*

V]r]h] Laje_da ]jqj_e mqa d]^n ikrehev]_ekjao aj I ne) `] oe jk oa naolap] ah naoqhp]`k aha_pkn]h mqa( oac j oqo ^khap]o u ]_p]o `a _ ilqpk u ao_nqpejek( ha `]j qj] rajp]f]( i jei]( aj h] aha__e j ÎJqaopnko `]pko Íej`e_ Í _kj) pn]op]j _kj hk mqa `e_a h] `enecajpa j]_ekj]h `ah LNE( >a]pnev L]na`ao N]jcah( mqeaj ]oacqn] qj] rajp]f] `a ]h iajko _ej_k lqjpko `a oq _]j)

`e`]p] =jc he_] =n]qfk H]n]Ï* Ah _eq`]`]jk _ki j jk pqrk ]__aok je ] qj] je ] kpn] `a h]o ranoekjao `a hko l]npe`ko( u] mqa ah Lnkcn]i] `a Naoqhp]`ko Lna) heiej]nao $LNAL% `ah Ejopepqpk `a Lnk_a`eieajpko Aha_pkn]hao u L]npe_el]_e j ?eq`]`]j] $Elal]_% _ann _q]j`k ah _ ilqpk `a ]_) p]o u _]oehh]o aop]^] aj 51*/- lkn _eajpk* H] `enecajpa aop]p]h l]jeop](

De [i cec[dje Z[ \h[dWh bW bkY^W" h[ifedZ[ 7YY_ d DWY_edWb

F_Z[ bW efei_Y_ d l_hW`[ [d [ijhWj[]_W Wdj_Yh_c[d C n_Ye3=\ieXe[f ;Xd`}e

5

n]o ]`ranpen mqa h] `ao]l]ne) _e j `a @eack Banj j`av `a ?ar]hhko ajn]na_a ah ]i^eajpa lkh pe_k u aha_pkn]h( `elqp]`ko `a LNE( LN@( LP u ?kjrancaj_e] `a) i]j`]nkj ]h ck^eanjk ba`an]h qj ren]fa aj h] aopn]pace] ]jpe_neiaj( ieajpn]o hko haceoh]`knao `ah L=J

okopqreankj mqa opa jk ao ah ik) iajpk `a bnaj]n h] hq_d] _kjpn] h] `ahej_qaj_e]* Lkn _kj`q_pk `a oq re_a_kkn) `ej]`kn( ?]nhko =h^anpk L nav( hko `elqp]`ko `a =J ateceankj qj] ej) raopec]_e j oane]( lnkbqj`] u pn]jo) l]najpa l]n] ao_h]na_an h] ]qoaj_e] `ah at _]j`e`]pk lnaoe`aj_e]h* ÎLank h] aopn]pace] jk lqa`a

_]i^e]n( lknmqa mqev o $ah _ne) iaj knc]jev]`k% aop hhac]j`k ] aoko cn]`ko `a ejpeie`]_e j l]n] pn]p]n mqa h] ]qpkne`]` _]i^ea h] aopn]pace]( bnaja h] hq_d] bnkjp]h _kjpn] h] `ahej_qaj_e] u ajpkj_ao oa]j hko `ahej_qajpao hko mqa c]jajÏ( lqjpq]hev * Ah lneeop] =n`ahek R]nc]o( lnaoe) `ajpa `a h] ?kieoe j `a @abajo]

I]c]hu ?nqv Jq_]iaj`e( _qao) pekj h] cqann] oq_e] ia`e pe_] lnkikre`] lkn ah LNE u mqa hhar ] ao] bqanv] lkh pe_] ] lnaoajp]n aj_qaop]o mqa `a_ ]j mqa c]j]) n ]j lkn .. lqjpko( h] lneian]( lkn i o `a -3* D]u( ej`e_ ( aj_qaop]o `a o]he`] mqa ha `]^]j qj] rajp]f] `a -0 lqjpko u( Î]h Új]hÅ j]`]Ï* Î>a]pnev L]na`ao hk o]^a ^eaj( mqa pk`k bqa qj ao_aj]nek ]ni]`k `ao`a Uq_]p j( mqa ] ahh] p]i^e j ha iejpeankj( h] ajc] ]nkj* Jqj) _] o]he Iepkbogu( jqj_] `eankj ] _kjk_an oq lnkle] aj_qaop] `a o]he`]* Ej_hqok oqolaj`eankj oq _kjbanaj_e] `a lnajo]* Ha `efankj mqa d]^ ]j ]nn]o]`k aj hko -,2 iqje_eleko( lank p]i^e j aj aok ha iejpeankjÏ( na_kn` h] `enecajpa `ah ^h]jmqe]vqh*

?dai]t u hko iqje_eleko _kjqn^]) `ko ] I ne`] _kik G]j]o j( ?kjg]h u ?de_tqhq^ Lqa^hk* Ah LN@ naoqhp pneqjb]`kn aj `ko ]h_]h` ]o6 P]`dve ( _kjoe`an]`k qjk `a hko oepeko _kj atpnai] lk^nav] aj I te_k( u P]diag* Ah LP `ek h] oknlnao] aj ah oqna k Ktgqpv_]^ ÎH] dqanp] `ah aop]`kÏ( ieajpn]o mqa ?kjrancaj_e] paj`n ]h_]h`a aj ?]) _]h_d j u ah LRAI( oej oq ]he]`k ah LNE( aj Petl dq]h* @a h]o -1 `elqp]_ekjao `a i]ukn ] nah]per]( ah LNE ]h _eanna `ah LNAL paj ] c]j]`knao aj -/( `af]j`k ]h L=J hko `eopnepko ER u R _knnao) lkj`eajpao ] h] vkj] qn^]j] `ah jknpa `a I ne`]* H]o `eav _qnqhao naop]jpao oa `aÚjen j lkn nalna) oajp]_e j lnklkn_ekj]h* Hqack `ah _eanna `ah LNAL( ]h ia`ek ` ] `ah hqjao( _kjbknia ] hk lnareopk u oej _kjp]^ehev]noa kÚ_e]hiajpa ah -,, lkn _eajpk `a h]o _]oehh]o( h] `enecajpa aop]p]h `ah LNE( =h]eja H lav >ne_a k( ]jqj_e ah Îpneqjbk ejk^fap]^haÏ `a =jc he_] =n]qfk H]n] u narah mqa _kjbkn) ia ] oqo j ianko( `ah iehh j 4,, ieh d]^ep]jpao `a Uq_]p j( ah LNE ck^anj]n ] Qj iehh j /15 ieh .-- lanokj]o* .D ÎPk`k bqa qj] aha__e j `a Aop]`k( lank jk oa d] paniej]`k7 lkn ahhk _kjrk_k ] h] ok_ea`]` ] `abaj`an he^naiajpa h] `aik_n]_e]( ah rkpk( ah pneqjbk aha_pkn]h* @abaj`]iko h] hac]he`]`( h] pn]jol]naj_e]( h] _]he`]` `a re`]( h] I ne`] ^h]j_]Ï( oa ]h h] _]j`e`]p] l]jeop]* >a]pnev V]r]h] `ajqj_e mqa Erkjja Knpac] L]_da_k `aikopn Îh] _h]n] ejpaj_e j `a b]rkna_an ] oq l]npe`k u oq _]j`e`]p] aj qj] okÚope_]`] aha__e j `a Aop]`kÏ* =_kil] ]`] `a h] lnaoe`ajp] aop]p]h `a =__e j J]_ekj]h u ah oa_nap]nek cajan]h `ah ?kiep Afa_qperk J]_ekj]h( I]c]hu ?nqv Jq_]iaj`e u Fko Ckjv hav Ikn) b j( h] ]^]j`an]`] `ah ]h^e]vqh naepan mqa oq l]npe`k bqa ah pneqjb]`kn aj h]o rkp]_ekjao `ah l]o]`k `kiejck* .D 9B7K:?7 =K7:7HH7C7%7H9>?LE

J]_ekj]h `a h] ? i]n] `a @elqp]`ko( okopqrk mqa h] ]cnaoe j _kjpn] Ban) j j`av `a ?ar]hhko nalnaoajp] qj l]npa]cq]o aj i]pane] `a oacqne`]`( lkn hk mqa h] aopn]pace] ]jpe_neiaj `a^an oqbnen qj _]i^ek pn]o qj] nareoe j iqu lqjpq]h* Lkn oal]n]`k( hko haceoh]`knao lanna`eop]o Hape_e] Mqav]`]( Pa) nao] `ah ?]niaj Ej_d qopacqe u =npqnk O]jp]j] nai]n_]nkj mqa ah ]p]mqa okh]iajpa _kjÚni] ah aop]`k `a rekhaj_e] aj I te_k u h] ja_aoe`]` `a _]i^e]n h] aopn]pace] ]jpe_neiaj* .D

B[j_Y_W Gk[pWZW

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

/FHPDJPT @Wdi

;d [b fh_c[h jh_c[ijh[" )$* c_bbed[i Z[ bWi f[hiedWi eYkfWZWi Wi[]khWhed de h[Y_X_h _d]h[iei

:_l_iWi :ÂŒbWh :ÂŒbWh Ă…n ;khe B_XhW

9ecfhW L[djW '($,''. '($,),. '($,/(, '+$+(** '+$-.(' '.$').' '.$*)-)

9h[Y[ [b [cfb[e" f[he Yed XW`ei iWbWh_ei ;b Z[j[h_ehe Z[b c[hYWZe _dj[hde de f[hc_j[ h[WYj_lWh bW [Yedec‡W fWhW ][d[hWh bei fk[ijei d[Y[iWh_ei d_ bW YWb_ZWZ gk[ h[gk_[h[ bW feXbWY_ÂŒd fWhW Ykcfb_h Yed ik X_[d[ijWh" WĂ…hcWd WYWZƒc_Yei

>x9JEH JxBB;P%7H9>?LE

Cƒn_Ye38cY\ikf M\i[ljZf

Ă‘dZ_Y[ 7YjkWb ?F9 )'"+.&$,) :em @ed[i '&",(+$.) I F '"'),$/* DWiZWg (")+*$() 8el[ifW ,(".,,$(, BWj_X[n )"+-)$*& I78 J;BC;N 9D9? C;:?97 ?9> =C:

LWh$ #&$-) &$&+ &$'' &$)' #&$., #&$)&

7YY_ed[i 8CL Fh[Y_e LWh$ ('$*+ /$). .$/& )$*/ &$)' )$&& (+$&& #,$-( *,$,. #+$), .$-+ #*$/+

C[hYWZe Z[ Z_d[he 9[j[i (. Z‡Wi 9[j[i /' Z‡Wi 9[j[i '.( Z‡Wi J??; (. Z‡Wi K:? B_Xeh Fh_c[ HWj[

*$*/ *$,) *$-) *$/++ *$**(' fi &$)) )$(+

9ecceZ_j_[i Fh[Y_e CW‡p )+,$&& Jh_]e */&$& 7p‘YWh ')$./ C[pYbW c[n$ ,*$,- MJ? -&$&, 8h[dj -+$,+ 9[dj[dWh_e '-"+&& Ehe '"((.$' FbWjW '.$.+/

LWh #'$/) #&$(& #'$-& #'$/- Zbi #'$+) Zbi #($(. Zbi & fi &$) Zbi #&$), Zbi

CWYhe[Yedec‡W F?8 ?L#Jh_c (&&/ #($) ?dÆWY_ÂŒd WXh *$(- :[i[cfb[e cWh *$.& H[i[hlWi /."&-.$& cZZ

;

;

MĂĄs indicadores en tiempo real en:

milenio.com

&

j ah lneian pneiaopna `ah ]Â’k( `ko `a _]`] pnao lanokj]o mqa hkcn]nkj ej_knlkn]noa ]h ian_]) `k h]^kn]h ejbkni]nkj mqa oqo ejcnaoko oa aj_kjpn]^]j aj qj n]jck `a ajpna _ank u d]op] pnao o]h]neko iÂŽjeiko $1 ieh -3- laoko iajoq]hao%( ]h peailk mqa `ao]l]) na_eankj iƒo `a 352 ieh pn]^]fko mqa l]c]^]j ajpna pnao u d]op] 1 o]h]neko iÂŽjeiko* @a ]_qan`k _kj ejbkni]_e“j `ah Ejopepqpk J]_ekj]h `a Aop]`ÂŽope_] u Cakcn]bÂŽ] $EJACE%( aj ah lanek`k ajank) i]nvk `a .,-, h]o lanokj]o k_ql]`]o mqa ]oacqn]nkj jk na_e^en ejcnaoko ]o_aj`eankj ] /*0 iehhkjao( ao `a_en( 0 lkn _eajpk iƒo mqa aj ah ieoik h]lok lank `ah ]Â’k l]o]`k* Aj p]jpk( 1*4 iehhkjao `a lanokj]o c]j]nkj d]op] qj o]h]nek iÂŽjeik aj ah lneian pneiaopna( 3*. lkn _eajpk iƒo `a h]o mqa k^pajÂŽ]j aoa ieoik ejcnaok ah ]Â’k ]jpanekn* Mqeajao ]oa) cqn]nkj lan_e^en ajpna qjk u d]op] `ko o]h]neko iÂŽjeiko hhac]nkj ] -,*/ iehhkjao( hk mqa oecjeĂš_“ qj ej_na) iajpk `a 0 lkn _eajpk* Bej]hiajpa( hko pn]^]f]`knao mqa k^pqreankj `a `ko u d]op] pnao o]h]neko iÂŽjeiko ]o_aj`eankj ] 5*. iehhk) jao `a lanokj]o( qj _na_eieajpk `a 1*. lkn _eajpk naola_pk ]h lanokj]h mqa c]j]^] aoa oqah`k aj ah lneian pneiaopna `a .,,5* Oac˜j ah ejbknia .,,5 `ah >]j) _k `a IŠte_k( hko ailhako mqa oa cajan]nkj aj hko ˜hpeiko iaoao `ah ]Â’k l]o]`k k^oanr]nkj aj lnkia`ek iajknao jerahao `a naiqjan]_e“j naola_pk ] hko mqa oa lan`eankj aj h] b]oa eje_e]h `a h] na_aoe“j* ĂŽHk mqa oa lan_e^a _kjpn]op] _kj ah klpeieoik kĂš_e]h aj _q]jpk ] h] cajan]_e“j `a ailhako7 ]qj _q]j`k

G\iZ\gZ`fe\j

/$( c_bbed[i JhWXW`WZeh[i eXjkl_[hed Z[ Zei o ^WijW jh[i iWbWh_ei c‡d_cei

d]u naceopnko lkoeperko aj ah EIOO aok jk ao oqĂš_eajpa( h]o ailnao]o lnerehace]nkj h] na`q__e“j `a _kopko lkn _kj_alpk `a o]h]neko u lnaop]) _ekjao l]n] _kjpn]nnaop]n hko aba_pko mqa `af“ h] _neoeo a_kj“ie_]Ă?( `efk ah ejraopec]`kn `ah Pa_ `a Ikjpannau( ?]nhko ?]jĂšah`* OaÂ’]h“ mqa ah `apaneknk `ah ian) _]`k ejpanjk jk laniepa na]_per]n h] a_kjkiÂŽ] `a i]jan] mqa oa cajanaj jk o“hk hko ailhako ja_ao]neko( oejk `a h] _]he`]` mqa namqeana h] lk^h]_e“j l]n] _qilhen _kj oq ^eajaop]n* Lkn oq l]npa( ah `ena_pkn `a nah]) _ekjao ejopepq_ekj]hao `a h] ailnao] k__iqj`e]h*_ki( A`q]n`k =nnakh]( oaÂ’]h“ mqa ]qjmqa ao are`ajpa mqa d]u qj] cajan]_e“j `a ailhako aj ah l]ÂŽo d]u qj] ja_aoe`]` `a h] cajpa lkn pajan iafknao ejcnaoko mqa hko mqa lan_e^aj lkn oq ]_pq]h pn]^]fk* ĂŽPajaiko naceopn]`ko 1*3 iehhkjao `a lanokj]o aj jqaopnko oepek l]n] aj_kjpn]n pn]^]fk( lank jk ja_ao]ne]) iajpa oecjeĂš_] mqa oa]j lanokj]o `aoailha]`]o( oejk mqa aopƒj aj aolan] `a qj] klknpqje`]` h]^kn]h mqa hao `Š iafknao _kj`e_ekjao `a ailhakĂ?( `efk* Aj aoa oajpe`k( ah EJACE `aop]_“ mqa `qn]jpa ajank)i]nvk `a .,-, h] lk^h]_e“j oq^k_ql]`] $]mqahh]o lanokj]o mqa ]`iepeankj ^qo_]n qj] k_ql]_e“j _kilhaiajp]ne] k qj jqark pn]^]fk _kj i]ukn dkn]nek k iafkn o]h]nek% aj ah l]ÂŽo bqa `a 0*- iehhkjao `a lanokj]o( ao `a_en(

Bei [cfb[ei gk[ i[ ][d[hWhed eXi[hlWhed kdW c[deh h[ckd[hWY_ÂŒd 21. ieh lanokj]o iƒo _kj nah]_e“j ] hk mqa oa _q]jpeĂš_“ aj ah ieoik lanek`k `ah ]Â’k l]o]`k* Nao]hp] ah da_dk `a mqa h]o lan) okj]o _kj jerahao `a aopq`ek ia`ek oqlanekn k oqlanekn aj _kj`e_e“j `a oq^k_ql]_e“j ]o_aj`e“ ] -04 ieh 1/- lanokj]o( ao `a_en( ..*4 lkn _eajpk `a h] lk^h]_e“j aj ao] _kj`e_e“j* Ieajpn]o mqa ]mqahhko _kj oa_qj`]ne] _kilhap] mqa oa aj) _kjpn]^]j aj oq^k_ql]_e“j pk) p]hev]nkj aj ah lneian pneiaopna -53 ieh 3/, lanokj]o* Lkn kpn] l]npa( hko ailhako mqa

laniepeankj ] hko pn]^]f]`knao ]_) _a`an ] h]o lnaop]_ekjao `a o]hq` p]i^eŠj k^oanr]nkj qj napnk_aok eilknp]jpa( lqao -.4 ieh lanokj]o lan`eankj aoa ^ajaĂš_ek( ieajpn]o mqa ah j˜iank `a lh]v]o h]^kn]hao oej ]__aok ]o_aj`e“ ] 4/5 ieh 2.1* ĂŽOej hqc]n ] `q`]o aopk oa `ao) lnaj`a `ah da_dk `a mqa ah ailhak ejbkni]h k_ql] ] qj] lnklkn_e“j i]ukn `a lanokj]o( lank p]i^eŠj ] mqa hko rÂŽj_qhko h]^kn]hao ajpna h]o ailnao]o bkni]hao u hko pn]^]f]) `knao oa aopƒj `a^ehep]j`kĂ?( ej`e_“ ?]jĂšah`* .D

\_dWdY_[he 9_j_XWda 8WdWc[n l_l[d [d [b Z[iYedY_[hje feh gk[ [b bbWcWZe Âş[\[Yje Z[ZeÂť Z[ MWbb Ijh[[j jkle _cfWYje [d bWi Yk[djWi Z[ iki Yb_[dj[i c[n_YWdei$ Be _dj[h[iWdj[ [i gk[ XW`e [b Wh]kc[dje Âşkij[Z Z_iYkbf["

dei [gk_leYWcei" f[he iÂŒbe kij[Z f[hZ_ÂŒ [i[ Z‡WÂť" bW \_hcW \_dWdY_[hW i[ d_[]W W h[YedeY[h o Wikc_h fWhj[ Z[ bWi fƒhZ_ZWi$ ÂŤGkƒ Z_h| Z[ [ije =k_bb[hce 8WXWjp [d bW 9ec_i_ÂŒd DWY_edWb 8WdYWh_W o Z[ LWbeh[i5

*O

7FSTJPOFT ;

C[hYWZe Xkhi|j_b

:W‹ei YebWj[hWb[i 7gk[b `k[l[i d[]he" YkWdZe kd WfWh[dj[ [hheh ^kcWde

Z[iWjŒ [d bW XebiW Z[ Dk[lW Oeha kdW YW‡ZW Z[ '& c_b fkdjei" W‘d j_[d[ i[l[hWi Yedi[Yk[dY_Wi [d bei Xebi_bbei Z[ ckY^ei _dl[hi_ed_ijWi$ ;d Cƒn_Ye" Wb]kdei ef[hWZeh[i o fhecejeh[i Z[b ]hkfe

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

'SPOUFSBT

P

fhe]hWcW dkYb[Wh

?h|d$ J[^[h|d WY[fjW [dl_Wh W Jkhgk W fWhj[ Z[ ik khWd_e b[l[c[dj[ [dh_gk[Y_Ze

FWYje Z[ BkbW [d ?h|d de XWijW0 ;K MWi^_d]jed Z[i[ij_c [b WYk[hZe be]hWZe feh [b fh[i_Z[dj[

Z[ 8hWi_b o [b fh_c[h c_d_ijhe jkhYe" o i[ ceijh W \Wleh Z[ i[]k_h [dZkh[Y_[dZe bWi iWdY_ed[i YedjhW bW H[f Xb_YW ?ib|c_YW Wdj[ bW EDK CEHJ;P7 D?AEK87PB%H;KJ;HI

J[^[h|d38^\eZ`Xj

*

n j( aj qj ]_qan`k _kj Pqn) mq ] u >n]oeh( ]_alp qj _]jfa aj ah atpn]jfank `a l]npa `a oq qn]jek haraiajpa ajnemqa_e`k ] _]i^ek `a _ki^qope^ha( lank Aop]`ko Qje`ko `efk mqa aop] lnklqaop] jk `apaj) `n oq ejpaj_e j `a aj`qna_an h]o o]j_ekjao _kjpn] Padan j* Ah ]jqj_ek `ah ]_qan`k k_qnna _q]j`k hko k__e`ajp]hao ^qo_]j mqa J]_ekjao Qje`]o ]`klpa o]j_ekjao nabknv]`]o _kjpn] En j( l] o okola) _dkok( ] lao]n `a oqo `aoiajpe`ko( `a ^qo_]n ah ]ni] ]p ie_]* Ah ]_qan`k( bnqpk `a qj] ia`e]_e j ^n]oeha ] u pqn_]( bqa Úni]`k ]uan lkn hko _]j_ehhanao `a hko pnao l] oao aj lnaoaj_e] `a hko lnaoe`ajpao `a En j( I]diq` =di]`ejau]`( `a >n]oeh( Hqh] `] Oehr]( u `ah lneian iejeopnk pqn_k( Na_al P]uuel An`kc]j* Aopa lnkua_pk lnar ah ajr k ] Pqnmq ] lkn En j `a -(.,, gehko `a oq qn]jek ` ^ehiajpa ajnemqa_e`k $/*1!%( `kj`a oan _]i^e]`k aj ah lh]vk i teik `a qj ] k _kjpn] -., gehko `a _ki^qope^ha ajnemqa_e`k ] .,! ja_ao]nek l]n] ah na]_pkn `a ejraopec]_e j jq_ha]n `a Padan j( `ap]hh ah rk_ank `a h] _]j_ehhan ] en]j ( N]iej Iadi]jl]n]op* Lank En j( mqa `af h] lahkp] aj ah _]ilk `a hko k__e`ajp]hao u `a Nqoe]( oa ikopn `apaniej]`k ] oacqen _kj oq lnkcn]i] `a ajnemqa_eieajpk `a qn]jek( lkn ah mqa d] oe`k o]j) _ekj]`k pnao ra_ao lkn ah ?kjoafk `a Oacqne`]` `a h] KJQ*

:[ _pgk_[hZW W Z[h[Y^W" [b YWdY_bb[h XhWi_b[ e" BkbW" 7^cWZ_d[oWZ" ;hZe]Wd o [b YWdY_bb[h jkhYe

.BESFT EF EFUFOJEPT WJBKBO B 5FIFSfO BWi cWZh[i Z[ jh[i [ijWZkd_Z[di[i Z[j[d_Zei pa aj ah l] o _kj k^faperko okola_dkokoÏ( lkn [d (&&/" YkWdZe h[Wb_pWXWd kdW YWc_dWjW [d bW \hed# j[hW Z[ ?h|d" re]f]n j ] Padan j ah fqarao _kj h] aolan]jv] `a ran ] oqo defko* Od]ja >]qan( `a .3 ] ko( O]n]d Odkqn` $/-%( u Fkod B]pp]h $.3% o]heankj ah /- `a fqhek `a .,,5 ] qj] _]iej]p] ] pn]r o `ah ikjp] kok Gqn`eop j en]mq ( hei pnkba _kj En j( u bqankj ]nnaop]`ko ]h ejcnao]n ] En j Îlkn annknÏ( oac j S]odejcpkj* L]n] h] fqope_e] en]j ( ahhko Îajpn]nkj ehac]hiaj)

hk mqa oan j fqvc]`ko aj _kjoa_qaj_e]( oac j ]beni] d]op] ]dkn] ah ck^eanjk* =h lnej_elek( En j ]_qo ] hko ikjp] eop]o `a ejpajp]n _k) iapan aolekj]fa _kjpn] oq l] o( lank i o p]n`a hao eilqok _]ncko lkn ejcnao]n ehac]hiajpa ] b]hp] `a lnqa^]o ok^na oqlqaop]o ]_pere`]`ao `a _kjolen]_e j* MWi^_d]jed3"HFODJBT

;K$ EXWcW fheckb]W b[o ieXh[ b_X[hjWZ Z[ fh[diW" ^ec[dW`[ W :Wd_[b F[Whb

7dkbWd YWZ[dW f[hf[jkW W c[deh[i MWi^_d]jed38^\eZ`Xj

-

] ?knpa Oqlnai] `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko lqok ]uan Új ] qj] `a h]o ln _pe_]o i o _qaopekj]`]o `ah oeopai] fqn `e_k u mqa jejc j kpnk l] o `ah iqj`k ]lhe_]6 h] lneoe j lanlapq] l]n] iajknao mqa jk _k) iapeankj ]oaoej]pk( oej lkoe^ehe`]`

`a he^anp]` _kj`e_ekj]h* Aop] `a_eoe j laniepen mqa qj pne^qj]h nareoa h]o laj]o `a lneoe j `a qjko -.5 `apaje`ko aj h]o _ n_ahao aop]`qje`ajoao* @a aopko -.5 f rajao _kj`aj]`ko ] _]`aj] lanlapq]( oej lkoe^ehe`]` `a he^an]_e j ]jpe_el]`]( h] cn]j i]ukn ] okj jacnko* ?]heÚ_]`] `a Îdeop ne_]Ï lkn ah

knc]jeoik Pda Amq]h Fqope_a Eje) pe]pera( _quko ]^kc]`ko `abaj` ]j ] qjk `a hko `ko _kj`aj]`ko mqa hhar]nkj ah pai] ] h] i]ukn ejop]j_e] fq`e_e]h `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko( h] lnk) de^e_e j oa ejo_ne^a aj h] h ja] `a h] ]^khe_e j `a h] laj] `a iqanpa l]n] hko iajknao lnkjqj_e]`] lkn h] ieoi] ?knpa aj .,,1*

?ep]j`k hko ]j heoeo `a jqiank) oko jaqn hkcko mqa okopqreankj aj ]ncqiajpko ao_nepko h] `ai]j`] `a hko `ko f rajao _kj`aj]`ko( h] ?knpa na_kjk_e mqa Îaj _kil]n]_e j _kj qj ]`qhpk ]oaoejk( qj iajkn mqa jk i]p k jk pqrk h] ejpaj_e j `a i]p]n( peaja qj] naolkjo]^ehe`]` ikn]h `ko ra_ao iajknÏ*

Oac j h] ]caj_e] `a jkpe_e]o kÚ) _e]h ENJ=( Iadi]jl]n]op lna_eo mqa ÎEn j _kjpejq]n ajnemqa_eaj`k qn]jek ] .,! aj oq pannepknekÏ* Aj ba^nank l]o]`k( En j h]jv h] lnk`q__e j `a qn]jek ajnemqa_e`k ] .,!( hk mqa ]_ahan h] ikrehev]) _e j `ah Cnqlk `a hko Oaeo $AQ( ?dej]( Bn]j_e]( Cn]j >nap] ]( Nqoe]( =hai]) je]% u `a Nqoe] l]n] d]_an ]`klp]n jqar]o o]j_ekjao lkn ah ?kjoafk `a Oacqne`]` `a h] KJQ* Oej na_d]v]n aj bkni] _]pac ne_] ah ]_qan`k( h] ?]o] >h]j_] `efk ]uan mqa ah l]_pk Îjk _]i^e] hko l]oko mqa aop]iko `]j`k l]n] `apaniej]n h]o naolkjo]^ehe`]`ao `a En j lkn oqo k^hec]_ekjao( mqa ej_hqua h]o o]j) _ekjaoÏ* Ah @al]np]iajpk `a Aop]`k ark_ Îlnkcnaoko eilknp]jpaoÏ aj ^qo_] `a qj] naokhq_e j( lank lna_eo mqa aopk jk `apeaja oq ejpaj_e j `a aj`qna_an h]o o]j_ekjao* ÎPki]iko jkp] `a hko aobqan) vko na]hev]`ko lkn Pqnmq ] u >n]oehÏ( `efk ah rk_ank `ah lnaoe`ajpa >]n]_g K^]i]( Nk^anp Ce^^o( lank oq^n]u mqa ah ]_qan`k `a^a oan Îokiape`k ] h] =EA= $=caj_e] Ejpanj]_ekj]h `a Ajanc ] =p ie_]% ]jpao `a mqa lqa) `] oan ar]hq]`k lkn h] _kiqje`]` ejpanj]_ekj]hÏ* = oq rav( ah rk_ank `a h] =EA=( Cehh Pq`kn( le`e ] En j Îqj] jkpeÚ) _]_e j ao_nep] mqa ej`emqa mqa aop `a ]_qan`k _kj h]o `eolkoe_ekjao iaj_ekj]`]o aj h] `a_h]n]_e jÏ* Ah ck^eanjk nqok `a @iepne Ia`r `ar o]hq` ah ]_qan`k( lank aopei ja_ao]ne]o kpn]o _kjoqhp]o ]jpao `a naolkj`an ] h]o lnacqjp]o aj oqolajok* Hkj`nao _kjoe`an mqa Padan j oacq ] oeaj`k qj] Îbqaj) pa `a lnak_ql]_e jÏ( u h] fab] `a h] `elhki]_e] `a h] Qje j Aqnkla]( ?]pdaneja =odpkj( `efk mqa ah ]_qan`k Înaolkj`a aj l]npaÏ ] hk namqane`k lkn h] =EA=* Eon]ah( ajaieck fqn]`k `a En j( `ajqj_e ejia`e]p]iajpa h]o Îi]jek^n]oÏ `a Padan j( ]qjmqa l]n] hko `ko l]`nejko `ah pn]pk( ah `e hkck oecqa oeaj`k h] je_] r ] l]n] naokhran h] _neoeo* Ah _]j_ehhan pqn_k `efk mqa Îu] jk d]u ja_aoe`]` `a o]j_ekjaoÏ _kjpn] En j( ieajpn]o mqa oq l]n `a >n]oeh( ?ahok =iknei( r]hkn mqa Îpk`]r ] lnei]j h] `elhki]_e] u h] jack_e]) _e jÏ( aj p]jpk ah ]_qan`k Îna_kjk_a ah `ana_dk `a En j `a qo]n _kj Újao l]_ Ú_ko h] pa_jkhkc ] jq_ha]n u ah ajnemqa_eieajpk `a qn]jekÏ* .D

% c_b[d_e$Yec

8kigk[ [b l_Z[e [d0

Aj kpnk ]oqjpk( ah lnaoe`ajpa K^]i] lnkiqhc qj] hau ok^na he^anp]` `a lnajo] ^]qpev]`] _kj ah jki^na `a @]jeah La]nh( aj lna) oaj_e] `a h] b]iehe] `ah lanek`eop] aop]`qje`ajoa `ackhh]`k ]jpa qj re`ak aj L]geop j aj .,,.* Aop] hau Îajr ] qj bqanpa iajo]fa ok^na jqaopnko r]hknao aoaj_e]hao nah]_ekj]`ko _kj h] he^anp]` `a lnajo]Ï( ]Úni K^]i] aj ah O]h j Kr]h `a h] ?]o] >h]j_]( nk`a]`k `a b]iehe]nao `a @]jeah La]nh( ajpna ahhko oq defk `a oeapa ] ko( j]_e`k pnao iaoao `aolq o `ah ]oaoej]pk `ah nalknpank* .D

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

5FOEFODJBT

j[dZ[dY_Wi6c_b[d_e$Yec

P YbWhWXeoW

Pi_Y$$$ @EIx @ร 9EC;%;<;

;B H;=H;IE :; B7 97=K7C7

ย "IPSB FT NfT EJGpDJM TPSQSFOEFS QPSRVF IBZ NVDIBT EJTUSBDDJPOFT QFSP FM WBMPS EFM KVFHP OP TF IB QFSEJEP &T OFDFTBSJP DPNVOJDBS FM QMBDFS EFM KVFHP B MPT OJtPT Z KuWFOFT RVF QBTBO IPSBT FO JOUFSOFUย

KdW jehjk]W ]_]Wdj[ jhWibWZWZW Wo[h W bW ?ibW F_djW" Z[b WhY^_f_ย bW]e Z[ bWi =Wb|fW]ei" W ). Wย ei Z[b h[iYWj[ Z[ ยบ@eh][ยป" [b ย bj_ce gk[be# d_e Z[ ik [if[Y_[ o iย cXebe Z[ bW Yedi[hlWY_ย d Z[ [ijW [if[Y_[$

;ij^[h =WppWde" h[ifediWXb[ Z[b dk[le `k[]e Cedefebo" gk[

Y[b[XhWh| bei '+& Wย ei Z[ bW kd_ร YWY_ย d Z[ ?jWb_W Yed kd jWXb[he gk[ Wย WZ[ (( Y_kZWZ[i gk[ i[h|d [b[]_ZWi feh _dj[hdWkjWi$

\ejehh[fehjW`[ QPS 4FSHJP 5BQJSP 7FMBTDP Kd Z[i\_b[ ckbj_Yebeh fWiย feh bWi YWbb[i Z[ bW Y_kZWZ Z[ 9eb_cW$ I[ jhWjWXW Z[ bW i[]kdZW cWhY^W ยบJeZei YedjhW bW _djeb[hWdY_Wยป" gk[ fWhj_ย Z[b FWhgk[ Z[ bW F_[ZhW B_iW" Yedj_dkย feh bWi YWbb[i Z[b Y[djhe YWf_jWb_de" fWhW Ykbc_dWh Yed kdW l[hX[dW o fh[i[djWY_ed[i Whjย ij_YWi [d [b @WhZย d B_X[hjWZ i[nkWb $ ;b [l[dje ZedZ[ fWhj_Y_fWhed ]hkfei ieY_Wb[i [ _dij_jkY_ed[i Z[ =eX_[hde Z[b ;ijWZe j[hc_dย fWiWZWi bWi '' Z[ bW deY^[$ xijWi ied Wb]kdWi _c|][d[i gk[ ck[ijhWd fWhj[ Z[ [ijW \_[ijW YedjhW bW _djeb[hWdY_W$

P l[djWdW Z[ bei d_ย ei Yedi_Z[hW c|i _cfehjWdj[ bW j[b[l_i_ย d" bW YecfkjWZehW o bei l_Z[e`k[]ei" gk[ bW fhej[YY_ย d Z[b c[Z_e WcX_[dj[" i[]ย d kd [ijkZ_e Yed c|i Z[ '& c_b _d\Wdj[i Z[ [djh[ + o '. Wย ei [d '& fWย i[i$ Iย be * Yh[[ gk[ [i fh_cehZ_Wb Yk_ZWh W bW dWjkhWb[pW$

$PNVOJEBE HBZ UPNB MBT DBMMFT EF $PMJNB ;b WhYe_h_i" [i bW XWdZ[hW Z[ bW Yeckd_ZWZ bย iX_Ye#]Wo" h[fh[i[djWdZe bW Z_l[hi_ZWZ i[nkWb

Bei j_dj[i Z[ h[Wb[pW i[ Z[`Whed l[h [d jeZe ik [ifb[dZeh

BW YehedWZW h[_dW Z[ 9eb_cW" YkijeZ_WZW feh iki fW`[i Z[ YecfWย ย W

;b Yedj_d][dj[ \k[ [iYebjWZe feh e\_Y_Wb[i Z[ jh|di_je o l_Wb_ZWZ

7kjeh_ZWZ[i Z[ ]eX_[hde WfeoWhed W bei cWd_\[ijWdj[i

>Wo gk_[d[i kd Zย W Z[Y_Z_[hed iWb_h Z[b Ybย i[j1 o bei ^Wo gk_[d[i dkdYW [ijkl_[hed Z[djhe

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

$VMUVSB

;Z_jeh0 "SJFM (PO[fMF[ YkbjkhW$Z\6c_b[d_e$Yec

P jec[ dejW

PZ[b_jei c[deh[i$$$

P fWhW l[h

>EO 87BB;J ÂşJPEC;Âť" ;D DE9>;I :; 97<x

)PZ TF DFMFCSB B MPT NVTFPT SFDJOUPT RVF BMCFSHBO MB JNBHJOBDJuO Z FM DPOPDJNJFOUP EF DJFOUPT P NJMFT EF BtPT QFSP RVF FO .lYJDP ‡EF OP TFS QPS MB PCMJHBDJuO RVF TVQPOF QBSB MPT FTUVEJBOUFT BDVEJS B FMMPT‡ TPO BQFOBT WJTJUBEPT 0KBMf RVF EpBT DPNP IPZ TJSWBO QBSB TV QSPNPDJuO

;ijWjkW Z[ ehe cWY_pe Z[b b‡Z[h Y^_de CWe Ji[#jkd] [nfk[ijW [d kdW j_[dZW Z[ F[a‡d" 9^_dW$ ;b fh[Y_e Z[ [ijW [ijWjkW [ij| Z[j[hc_dWZe feh [b lWbeh Z[b ehe [d [b cec[dje [d gk[ i[ h[Wb_Y[ bW l[djW

9ed [b [if[Yj|Ykbe Z[dec_dWZe0 ÂşCƒn_Ye W jhWlƒi Z[ bW ZWdpWÂť" i[ fh[i[djWh| [b 8Wbb[j <ebabÂŒh_Ye ÂşJpec[Âť" ^eo cWhj[i" W bWi (&0)& ^ehWi" [d [b j[Wjhe Wb W_h[ b_Xh[ Âş@[i‘i >[hd|dZ[pÂť Z[ 9WiW Z[ bW 9kbjkhW Z[ 9eb_cW" Z[djhe Z[b jhWZ_Y_edWb fhe]hWcW ÂşDeY^[i Z[ 9W\ÂƒÂť gk[ eh]Wd_pW bW I[Yh[jWh‡W Z[ 9kbjkhW$ ;b ]hkfe fh[i[djWh| YkWZhei Z[ bei [ijWZei Z[ L[hWYhkp" Yed bei XW_b[i ÂşBW 8hk`WÂť" ÂşBW 8WcXWÂť o Âş;b pWfWj[WZe l[hWYhk# pWdeÂť1 Z[ DWoWh_j Âş@WhWX[ DWoWh_jWÂť" [djh[ ejhei$ ;djhWZW b_Xh[$

7:H?7D 8H7:I>7M%;<;

Kd [gk_fe Z[ _dl[ij_]WZeh[i ^WbbŒ [d 9^_WfW Z[ 9ehpe kd [dj_[hhe c‘bj_fb[ Yed ( c_b -&& W‹ei Z[ Wdj_]”[ZWZ" gk[ h[fh[i[djW [b Wdj[Y[Z[dj[ c|i h[ceje Z[b kie Z[ f_h|c_Z[i Yece h[Y_djei \kd[hWh_ei

BW jkcXW c|i Wdj_]kW Z[ deXb[i [d C[ieWcƒh_YW" Wb Z[iYkX_[hje @K7D 97HBEI <B;?9;H

Cƒn_Ye 3 I\[XZZ`�e

6

j amqelk `a _eajpÂŽbe_ko `ao_q^ne“ `ajpnk `a qj] lenƒie`a qj] pqi^] `a `ecj]p]) nek mqa lk`nÂŽ] oan h] iƒo ]jpecq] `a oq pelk aj pk`] Iaok]iŠne_]* Bqa aj h] vkj] ]n) mqakh“ce_] ?de]l] `a ?knvk( aj ah iqje_elek _de]l]ja_k `a aopa ieoik jki^na7 hko aopq`eko lnaheiej]nao `a h] at_]r]_e“j narah]j mqa hko ajpeannko peajaj qj] ]jpec›a`]` ]lnktei]`] `a . ieh 3,, ]Â’ko* Ah d]hh]vck aj aopa oepek `a knecaj vkmqa _kjoeopa aj hko naopko “oako `a _q]pnk ej`ere`qko( `ko `a ahhko raope`ko _kj f]`a( qpajoeheko `a _anƒie_] u kpnko k^fapko lna_ekoko l]n] h] _qhpqn] u h] Šlk_]* Oac˜j hko ejraopec]`knao( h] nahar]j_e] `ah `ao_q^neieajpk n]`e_] aj mqa laniepenƒ ]fqop]n h]o _nkjkhkcÂŽ]o `a `ao]nnkhhk `a h]o ]jpecq]o _qh) pqn]o khia_] u i]u]( ]`aiƒo `a narah]n mqa ah qok `a lenƒie`ao _kik na_ejpko bqjan]neko ao iq_dk iƒo ]jpecqk `a hk mqa oa d]^ÂŽ] _naÂŽ`k d]op] ]dkn]* Aopa `ao_q^neieajpk bqa na]he) v]`k lkn ejpacn]jpao `ah Lnkua_pk =nmqakh“ce_k ?de]l] `a ?knvk( aj ah mqa _kjrancaj aola_e]heop]o `ah Ejopepqpk J]_ekj]h `a =jpnklkhkcÂŽ] a Deopkne] $EJ=D%7 `a h] Qjeranoe`]` >necd]i Ukqjc $>UQ%( `a Qp]d( Aop]) `ko Qje`ko( u `ah ?ajpnk `a Aopq`eko I]u]o `ah Ejopepqpk `a Ejraopec]_ekjao Behkh“ce_]o `a h] QJ=I* = l]npen `a h]o _]n]_panÂŽope_]o `a hko i]pane]hao _anƒie_ko d]hh]`ko( atlanpko d]j `apaniej]`k mqa h] pqi^] `]p] `ah lanek`k Lna_hƒoe_k Ia`ek( ajpna 3,, u 1,, ]?( `]pk mqa oa _kjĂš ni]nƒ pn]o hko aopq`eko `a _]n^kjk -0( aopnkj_ek u =@J mqa oa d]nƒj ] h]o ko]iajp]o u ] hko k^fapko( _quko naoqhp]`ko p]i^eŠj laniepenƒj ]bej]n h]o pailkn]he`]`ao `a `ao]nnkhhk `a _qhpqn]o ]jpecq]o _kik h] khia_] u h] i]u]*

;b ^WbbWp]e Ah `ao_q^neieajpk _kjoeopa aj qj] _ƒi]n] bqjan]ne] _kj qj ]jatk(

q^e_]`] ]h ejpanekn `a qj] `a h]o aopnq_pqn]o iƒo pailn]j]o `a ?de]l] `a ?knvk7 qj] lenƒie`a mqa `a^e“ pajan ajpna 2 u 3 iapnko `a ]hpqn]( ao_]han]o `a ^]nnk u qj pailhk aj h] l]npa oqlanekn* Pn]o qj] fknj]`] `a iƒo .0 dkn]o _kjpejq]o `a at_]r]_e“j( hko ]nmqa“hkcko hkcn]nkj `aoaj)

pann]n aj oq pkp]he`]` qj] pqi^] `a 0 t / iapnko hk_]hev]`] ] qjko 3 ]h ejpanekn `ah IkjpŽ_qhk --( mqa _kjpajŽ] hko naopko “oako `a pnao ej`ere`qko7 qjk mqa _knnaolkj`a ] qj lanokj]fa i]o_qhejk `a ]hpk n]jck( oac˜j hk oa’]h] ah ne_k ]p]rŽk _kj mqa bqa _khk_]`k( ]oŽ _kik ] qj je’k `a ]lnktei]`]iajpa qj

]Â’k( u ] qj ]`qhpk fkraj( mqeajao d]^nÂŽ]j oe`k `alkoep]`ko _kik ]_kil]Â’]jpao( lkoe^haiajpa o]_neĂš _]`ko* Ah lanokj]fa lnej_el]h Ă?`a ]_qan`k _kj ah `aoc]opa `aj) p]nek mqa lnaoajp] u ah cnkokn _n]ja]hĂ? `a^e“ pajan iƒo `a 1, ]Â’ko ]h ikiajpk `a oq iqanpa7

bqa _khk_]`k aj lkoe_e“j `a_˜) ^epk `kno]h u ^k_]nne^]( u _kj h] _]^av] d]_e] ah jknpa* Oq ^k_] ao) p]^] p]l]`] _kj qj] _kj_d] u oqo `eajpao peajaj ej_nqop]_ekjao `a f]`a k _kj_d]* Lkn h] lkoe_e“j `a hko aomqahapko( oa ejpqua mqa ah jeÂ’k bqa _qe`]`k) o]iajpa ajpann]`k( _kjoanr]j`k ]npe_qh]`]o oqo atpnaie`]`ao( jk ]oÂŽ ah fkraj `a ]lnktei]`]iajpa ., ]Â’ko( mqeaj lkoe^haiajpa bqa ]nnkf]`k ]h ejpanekn `a h] pqi^]* Hko ]nmqa“hkcko >nq_a >]_d]j`( Aiehe]jk C]hh]c] u Hujjapd Hksa( ejraopec]`knao `ah Lnkua_pk =n) mqakh“ce_k ?de]l] `a ?knvk( `ao) p]_]j h] ]^qj`]j_e] u r]nea`]` `a knj]iajpko mqa _kjbkni]j ah ]fq]n bqjan]nek `ah lanokj]fa lnej_el]h6 ĂŽBqa ]p]re]`k _kj o]np]hao `a iƒo `a qj iehh]n `a _qajp]o `a f]`a( qj p]l]nn]^k ]h mqa ha bqankj ej_nqop]`]o iej˜o_qh]o lanh]o7 laj) `eajpao `a f]`a `a `erano]o bkni]o( ej_hquaj`k qj h]c]npk u _q_d]nehh]o `a aopehk khia_]7 ]fkn_]o _khk_]`]o aj oqo pk^ehhko u nk`ehh]o( lqhoan]o( ^n]v]hapao( qj] lkoe^ha iƒo_]n] _kj kfko `a k^oe`e]j] ran`a( qj aolafk `a lenep] u -1 r]oef]o( ]hcqj]o `a ahh]o `a oqlanĂš _ea lqhe`] `a _khkn jacnk ] cneoƒ_ak( k ^h]j_k u jacnk( _kj `eoaÂ’ko jac]perko k lqjv]`koĂ?* Lank ah `ao_q^neieajpk jk paniej“ ]hhÂŽ* =jatk ] h] _ƒi]n] lnej_el]h( mqa aopqrk pa_d]`] _kj iknehhko u p]^hkjao( u aj qj lamqaÂ’k `aojerah( hko ]nmqa“hk) cko d]hh]nkj kpnk oalqh_nk( `a . t / i( `kj`a aop]^] h] ko]iajp] lnk^]^haiajpa `a qj] iqfan( _qu] a`]` ]h b]hha_an `a^e“ ko_eh]n hko 1, ]Â’ko( ecq]hiajpa ok^na oq ^k_] pajÂŽ] qj] _kj_d] u ikopn]^] ej) _nqop]_ekjao `ajp]ne]o* @alkoep]`k p]i^eŠj ^k_]nne^] u atpaj`e`k( ah _qanlk bqa ]_ki) l]Â’]`k `a qj] lnkbqo] kbnaj`]( _kjoeopajpa aj qj ]fq]n `a f]`a u lanh]o( laj`eajpao aj bkni] `a ]rao u `a qj ikjk o]n]cq]pk( `ko r]oef]o( qj aolafk `a lenep]( qj] aolej] `a i]jp]nn]u] _khk_]`] ok^na oq la_dk( ]oÂŽ _kik _qajp]o `a ƒi^]n* .D

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

QBTBUJFNQPT

[b j_[cfe Yehh[e6c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn

YhkY_]hWcW 3

4

5

6

11

12

14

7

17

20

22

23

24

25

26

27

28 31

10

16

19

21

9

13

15

18

8

29 32

36

30

33

34

37

38

40

41 43

45 47

>EH?PEDJ7B;I0 '$ 8h[l[ Yecfei_Y_ d cki_YWb gk[ i[ ik[b[ YWdjWh [d bWi _]b[i_Wi Yed e i_d WYecfW Wc_[dje$ ,$ ;d bW ;ZWZ C[Z_W" jhelWZeh" [b gk[ i[ ]WdWXW bW l_ZW h[Y_jWdZe

J[b \edei Z[ _dj[h i

39 42

44

46

35

l[hiei$ ''$ ?dijhkc[dje c i_Ye kiWZe [d bW Wdj_] [ZWZ$ ')$ DWY_ d" ;ijWZe$ '*$ C[ Z_h_]_h W W kd bk]Wh _dl[hj_Ze $ '+$ : Y[i[ Z[ bW c i_YW b_][hW Z[ Yedikce cWi_le$ ',$

>e`WbWjW$ '.$ =eX[hdWZeh Z[ kdW @[i i 8_Xb_W $ '-$ :_ei ]h_[]e Z[ fhel_dY_W [d bW ?dZ_W$ (&$ 7hhe`Wh" bW ]k[hhW$ '/$ >[Yjeh " c i_Ye bWdpWh$ ('$ Ced[ZW Z[ YeXh[ \hWdY i" Wkjeh Z[ bW I_d\ed W kiWZW [d bW Wdj_]kW HecW$ (($ \Wdj|ij_YW$ (&$ ?dijhkc[dje fWhW FheY[i_ d Z[ he]Wj_lW [d gk[ YehjWh Yecfk[ije Z[ Zei f_[pWi i[ YWdjWd b[jWd Wi$ ()$ 9edepYe$ Z[ WY[he Whj_YkbWZWi [d kd [`[ (,$ 9WdY_ d b_][hW" Z_l_Z_ZW [d fbkhWb $ (*$ Kd fkdje YWhZ_dWb$ (+$ [ijhe\Wi Z[ c[beZ W \|Y_b" Z[ :_ei [djh[ bei cW^ec[jWdei$ j[nje f_YWh[iYe" j_[d[ ik eh_][d (.$ Heijhe$ (/$ Fed[h \[e$ )&$ [d bWi YWdY_ed[i c[Z_[lWb[i$ DecXh[ ZWZe feh bei `kZ ei (-$ 9edYh[Y_ d ZkhW gk[ ik[b[ W bW b[o ceiW_YW$ )($ CWde e \ehcWhi[ [d [b _dj[h_eh Z[ bWi f_[ Z[ kd Wd_cWb gk[ j_[d[ YedY^Wi Z[ Z_l[hiei cebkiYei$ k Wi [dYehlWZWi o \k[hj[i$ ))$ )'$ I cXebe Z[ bW fbWjW$ ))$ 9WdjWh FWiWXW Z[ Z[djhe W\k[hW$ )*$ cWhYWdZe [b Yecf|i o fhedkd# 8e]Wh$ )+$ KlWi i[YWZWi Wb ieb$ Y_WdZe [b decXh[ Z[ bWi dejWi$ )-$ I[ Z_Y[ Z[b Yb h_]e h[]kbWh )+$ H e Z[ ?jWb_W$ ),$ 7fb_YWi[ Wb Z[ bW Yed]h[]WY_ d \hWdY[iW Wl[ Z[ hWf_ W$ ).$ ;njhW[h bW \kdZWZW feh IWd L_Y[dj[ Z[ ^kc[ZWZ Z[ kd Yk[hfe$ *&$ FW b [d ',(+$ )/$ ;b =hWdZ[ " h[o =hWd bW]e iWbWZe Z[ 7i_W$ *'$ Z[ F[hi_W" Yedgk_ij 8WX_bed_W Kd h_jce cki_YWb ceZ[hde$ *($ o jeZW 7i_W eYY_Z[djWb$ **$ 7Xh[# H_je [i[dY_Wb Z[b Ykbje Yh_ij_Wde$ l_WjkhWi Z[ dehj[ o Z[ Z_|c[# *)$ L_b" Z[ifh[Y_WXb[$ *+$ ;if[Y_[ jhe$ *+$ I cXebe Z[b ceb_XZ[de$ Z[ b_[Xh[ Z[ bW FWjW]ed_W$ *,$ <[hdWdZe 9edjh[hWi 9ecfei_Y_ d fe j_YW e cki_YWb IEBK9?ÕD 7B 7DJ;H?EH Z[ YWh|Yj[h i[dj_c[djWb$ IEBK9?ÕD 7B 7DJ;H?EH *-$ Gk[ j_[d[ fehei$ A V I E S A O B O L O S L;HJ?97B;I0 ($ F[hY_X Wi R M A C E R A R O feh c[Z_e Z[b eb\Wje$ )$ T R I B A E L A N T I cXebei Z[b j_jWd_e o E L O T E S J I R A F A hkX_Z_e$ *$ J[hh[de i_d R O C A O L A E D E N Ykbj_lWh$ +$ I cXebe Z[b O C E N A A A N A T A jWdjWb_e$ -$ Kd_ZWZ FefkbWh U J A M A S A _d_Y_Wb[i $ .$ 7dj_]ke fW i G R A T O A I D O L O Z[ bei ]Wbei$ /$ 7cWhhWh" R A T O S O D E R WjWh$ '&$ FWbe Z[ bW XWd# U S A D A S A P R I S A Z[hW fbkhWb $ '($7fWhWje Z[ T N I L O L I A N D Z[j[YY_ d cWh_dW$ '*$ Ikce A T A C I T O S O iWY[hZej[ `kZ e" _dj[hl_de S A C A R A A S E S A R Yed 9W_\|i [d [b `k_Y_e Z[

?dijhkYY_ed[i0 Bb[dW YWZW ikX#YkWZh YkbW Z[ )n) Yed bei d c[hei Z[b ' Wb / W fWhj_h Z[ bei gk[ oW [ij|d i[ WbWZei [d YWZW Y[bZW" f[he de h[f_jWi d_d] d d c[he [d kdW c_icW \_bW" YebkcdW e ikXYkWZh YkbW$

FbWd[j IodZ_YWj_ed

2

IebkY_ d Z[b Wdj[h_eh

1

ikZeak

8ecX[hei 9eb_cW )'(#+.+. 8ecX[hei L_bbW Z[ ÎblWh[p )''#,&,, 9hkp He`W 9eb_cW )')#.-.- 9hkp He`W J[Yec|d )(*#'&&' 9hkp He`W 7hc[h W )((#&-'& 9hkp He`W CWdpWd_bbe )),#+--& Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b 9eb_cW )')#&)'' Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b J[Yec|d )(*#&('+ Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b C_dWj_jb|d )),#&&/' Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b 9kWk^j[ceY )(.#&.&/ Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b CWdpWd_bbe )),#-)&& F<F 9eb_cW )(.#&-(+ F<F J[Yec|d )(*#+&+& F<F CWdpWd_bbe )),# +,-- Feb_Y_W ;ijWjWb Fh[l[dj_lW )'(#(&/& 7d][b[i L[hZ[i 9eb_cW )),#,,&& Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ 9eb_cW )'*#/('( Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ 9egk_cWjb|d )()#&''' Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ CWdpWd_bbe )((#'/*, Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ L_bbW Z[ ÎblWh[p )',#))', Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ 7hc[h W )((#&'/'

Y_d[ <

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

Y _ d [

()

9edj_d W [d YWhj[b[hW 9edj_d W [d YWhj[b[hW IjWhZkij0 [b c_ij[h_e ;b H[]h[ie Z[ BW DWdW C|]_YW Z[ bW [ijh[bbW

DWddo CYF^[[ J^ecfied bb[]W fWhW WokZWh W kdW `el[d

;ijW ^_ijeh_W Yec_[dpW [d kdW f[# cWZh[ W]eX_WZW =obb[d^WWb gk[ [ij| jhWjWdZe Z[ cWd[`Wh bW ]hWd`W Z[ bW \Wc_b_W c_[djhWi ik cWh_Ze [ij| Wki[dj[ [d bW gk[ W Y_kZWZ Z[ ?d]bWj[hhW o gk[ ]k[hhW$ DWddo CYF^[[ kj_b_pWh| ik cW]_W fWhW [di[ Wh W bei j[hc_dW [d bk]Wh[i gk[ [n_ij[d jh[i ^_`ei Z[ bW ck`[h" o W iki Zei fh_cei cWbYh_WZei" Y_dYe i be [d [b h[_de Z[ bW _cW]_dWY_ d$ dk[lWi b[YY_ed[i gk[ YWcX_Wh|d ik l_ZW$

[d 9eb_cW

9ec[djWh_ei o ik][h[dY_Wi Yehh[e6c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn ;d YWhj[b[hW 799?ÕD B[]_ d Z[ Îd][b[i 8'+

9kWdZe :_ei f_[hZ[ bW <[ [d bW ^kcWd_ZWZ" cWdZW kdW b[]_ d Z[ |d][b[i fWhW jhW[h [b 7feYWb_fi_i$ BW d_YW [if[hWdpW Z[ bW >kcWd_ZWZ gk[ZW [d kd d_ e gk[ [ij| feh dWY[h" YkoW cWZh[ Z[X[ i[h Yk_ZWZW feh [b WhY|d][b C_]k[b" gk_[d Yed bW _Z[dj_ZWZ Z[ feb_Y W WokZW W kd ]hkfe Z[ fk[Xb[h_dei YecWdZWZei feh 8eX >Wdied$ B[]_ed % :_h[Yjeh0 IYejj Ij[mWhj % 7Yjeh[i0 :[dd_i GkW_Z" FWkb 8[jjWdo" AWj[ MWbi^" BkYWi 8bWYa % :khWY_ d0 '&& c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 ',0&&%'.0&+%(&0'&%((0'+ CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0&&%'*0&&

HeX_d >eeZ 8

9 E C ; : ? 7

9edjhWYehh_[dj[ 8'+

;b ;Ye 8'+

KdW DeY^[ <k[hW Z[ I[h_[ 8

9bW_h[ J_dW <[o o F^_b <eij[h Ij[l[ 9Wh[bb ied kdW fWh[`W gk[ l_l[ [d bei ikXkhX_ei o gk[ _dj[djW ieXh[bb[lWh ik ced jedW l_ZW$ >WijW iki ºdeY^[i Z[ Y_jWi» i[ ^Wd Yedl[hj_Ze [d hkj_dWh_Wi o \Wij_Z_eiWi$ FWhW lebl[h W [dY[dZ[h bW Y^_ifW Z[ ik cWjh_ced_e" l_i_jWd kd h[ijWkhWdj[ Z[ ceZW [d CWd^WjjWd" ZedZ[ kdW Yed\ki_ d Z[ _Z[dj_ZWZ[i bei bb[lWh| W kdW _d[if[hWZW o WbeYWZW Wl[djkhW$ ;ije b[i h[YehZWh| be [if[Y_Wb Z[ ik h[bWY_ d" ^WY_[dZe Z[ Wgk[bbW deY^[ kdW Y_jW _debl_ZWXb[$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 :Wj[ D_]^j % :_h[Yjeh0 I^Wmd B[lo % 7Yjeh[i0 C_bW Akd_i" Ij[l[ 9Wh[bb" CWha MW^bX[h]" J_dW <[o % = d[he0 9ec[Z_W % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 8 % :khWY_ d0 .- c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '.0+&%(&0+& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '+0'&%'-0'&%'/0)&%('0(& CWj_d [ :ec0 ')0&&

Jh[i ckY^WY^Wi ` l[d[i l_l[d" ik\h[d o i[ Z_l_[hj[d [d 9_kZWZ @k|h[p$ I[c[`Wdj[i [djh[ i feh ik eh_][d" jeZWi f[hj[d[Y[d W bW YbWi[ fefkbWh$ 9^koW" 9WjW o bW = [hW j_[d[d i_d [cXWh]e ik [djehde fhef_e" ik \Wc_b_W o ik f[hiedWb_ZWZ$ ;ijW ^_ijeh_W jh_Wd]kbWh h[bWjW Wb]kdei cec[djei YhkY_Wb[i Z[ iki [n_ij[dY_Wi" [b fh_c[h Wceh" bW fh_c[hW h[bWY_ d i[nkWb" [b fh_c[h [cXWhWpe" bW fh_c[hW Z[Y[fY_ d" gk[ j_[d[d bk]Wh [d kdW h[Wb_ZWZ i hZ_ZW" f[he i_[cfh[ l_jWb$ :_h[Yjeh0 HW\W[b =kj_ hh[p" ;b_iW IWb_dWi % 7Yjeh[i0 7dW 9bWkZ_W JWbWdY d" I[h]_e 8Wi| [p" > Yjeh Ik|h[p" :ebeh[i >[h[Z_W" I_bl_W DWlWhhe" HW\W[b ?dYb|d$%:khWY_ d0 '&( c_d$% FW i Eh_][d0 C n_Ye% 7 e0 (&&/

9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 ;IF 0 '+0&&%'-0(&%'/0*+%('0+& Fh[Y_eiW 8'+

9EC;:?7 # <7C?B?7H

;ijW ikf[hfheZkYY_ d cWhYW [b h[]h[ie Z[b ]WdWZeh Z[b EiYWh" Hkii[bb 9hem[" gk_[d ZW l_ZW Wb b[][dZWh_e f[hiedW`[ HeX_d >eeZ gk_[d" [d bW ?d]bWj[hhW Z[b i_]be N???" YecXWj[ Wb cWblWZe I^[h_\\ Z[ Dejj_d]^Wc Wkn_b_WZe feh kdW XWdZW Z[ fheiYh_jei$ FWhW ckY^ei kd bWZh d" f[he fWhW ejhei kd ^ he[" HeX_d >eeZ bkY^Wh| feh [b Wceh Z[ BWZo CWh_Wd 9Wj[ 8bWdY^[jj " Wi Yece feh bW `kij_Y_W [djh[ bei Z[ilWb_Zei" Yece kd i cXebe Z[ b_X[hjWZ fWhW ik ][dj[$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 HeX_d >eeZ % :_h[Yjeh0 H_Zb[o IYejj % 7Yjeh[i0 Hkii[bb 9hem[" 9Wj[ 8bWdY^[jj" M_bb_Wc >khj % = d[he0 7l[djkhWi % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 8 % :khWY_ d0 '*& c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '*0&&%'+0(+%',0+&%'.0'+%'/0*&% ('0&+%((0)& CWj_d [ :ec0 ''0'&%'(0)+ 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '+0'&%',0)&%'.0&&% '/0(&%(&0+&%((0'& CWj_d [ :ec0 ')0*& :_Wh_e0 :E8 0 '*0+&%'-0*&%(&0)& CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0'&

9 ? ; D 9 ? 7 < ? 9 9 ? Õ D

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

:_Wh_e0 :E8 0 '*0'&%',0(& CWj_d [ :ec0 ''0*+ 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 :E8 0 ',0'&%'.0*&%(&0+& CWj_d [ :ec0 '*0&&

:H7C7 I_[cfh[ WJk BWZe 7

H[Y_[dj[c[dj[ iWb_Ze Z[ bW Y|hY[b" 8eXXo H[odebZi jhWjW Z[ h[^WY[h ik l_ZW ckZ|dZei[ Wb WfWhjWc[dje Z[ ik cWZh[" lWYWdj[ Z[iZ[ ik _dj[cf[ij_lW ck[hj[ c_[djhWi b [ijWXW [d fh_i_ d$ 7 ik bb[]WZW" fhedje [i fbW]WZe feh [njhW Wi eYkhh[dY_Wi [d [b bk]Wh o [dYk[djhei [njhW ei Yed iki l[Y_dei$ C_[djhWi bkY^W feh Z[iYkXh_h bW l[hZWZ" j[hh_Xb[i i[Yh[jei ied h[l[bWZei o 8eXXo Z[X[ ^WbbWh bW \ehcW Z[ bkY^Wh YedjhW [b [Ye Z[b fWiWZe" Wdj[i Z[ gk[ be cWj[d W b o W bei gk[ WcW$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 J^[ ;Y^e % :_h[Yjeh0 OWc BWhWdWi % 7Yjeh[i0 @[ii[ 8hWZ\ehZ" @Wc_[ 8beY^" A[l_d :khWdZ % = d[he0 J[hheh % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 8#'+ % :khWY_ d0 /, c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&&.

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '+0++%'.0&&%'/0++%('0+& CWj_d [ :ec0 ''0*&%')0)& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 ',0&&%'.0&+%(&0'&%((0'+

CC9_d[cWi

;b H[]h[ie Z[ BW DWdW C|]_YW 7 DWddo CYF^[[ ZW kd iWbje [d [b j_[cfe o i[ fh[i[djW [d bW fk[hjW Z[ kdW `el[d cWZh[" gk[ _dj[djW bb[lWh bW ]hWd`W \Wc_b_Wh c_[djhWi ik cWh_Ze [ij| [d bW ]k[hhW$ CYF^[[ de jWhZW [d Z[iYkXh_h gk[ bei ^_`ei Z[ bW i[ ehW =h[[d jWcX_ d b_XhWd kdW ZkhW XWjWbbW YedjhW Zei _diefehjWXb[i fh_cei$ :[iZ[ cejei lebWZehWi W [ijWjkWi fWhbWdj[i" fWiWdZe feh kd Y[hZ_je jh[fWZeh Z[ |hXeb[i o kd [b[\Wdj_je gk[ WfWh[Y[ [d bei i_j_ei c|i _d[if[hWZei" DWddo CYF^[[ kiW ik cW]_W fWhW [di[ Wh W bei jhWl_[iei d_ ei dk[lWi b[YY_ed[i$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 DWddo CYF^[[ 7dZ J^[ 8_] 8Wd] % :_h[Yjeh0 IkiWddW M^_j[ % 7Yjeh[i0 HWbf^ <_[dd[i" ;ccW J^ecfied" CW]]_[ =obb[d^WWb" CW]]_[ Ic_j^ % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 7 % :khWY_ d0 '&/ c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei#H[_de Kd_Ze#<hWdY_W % 7 e0 (&'&

J ; H H E H

7l$ CWh W 7^kcWZW Z[ = c[p o ;dh_gk[ 9ehedW Ceh\ d De$ )-'" 9eb$ 9Wcf[ijh[" FbWpW ºIeh_WdW»" L$ Z[ 7$" 9eb$ Fh[Y_eki [i kdW WZeb[iY[dj[ Z[ ', W ei Z[ hWpW d[]hW" gk[ [ij| [cXWhWpWZW feh i[]kdZW l[p #Z[ ik fWZh[# o l_l[ Yed ik cWZh[ CWho [d kd XWhh_e feXh[ Z[ >Whb[c$ Bk[]e Z[ ^WX[h i_Ze [nfkbiWZW Z[ bW [iYk[bW feh ik [ijWZe" [bbW i_]k[ [b Yedi[`e Z[ bW Z_h[YjehW Z[b fbWdj[b" ieXh[ Yedj_dkWh ik _dijhkYY_ d feh l Wi Wbj[hdWj_lWi$ O [i Wbb gk[" Z[ bW cWde Z[ bW i[ eh_jW HW_d" `kdje Yed bW jhWXW`WZehW ieY_Wb M[_ii o @e^d #kd [d\[hc[he gk[ i[ ^WY[ ik Wc_]e#" Fh[Y_eki Z[iYkXh[ gk[ bW l_ZW jWcX_ d j_[d[ ik bWZe ^[hceie o Z[Y_Z[ Yed\hedjWh W bei Whj \_Y[i Z[ ik Z[i]hWY_W$ Kd \_bc[ WYbWcWZe W d_l[b ckdZ_Wb o ]WdWZeh [d [b \[ij_lWb Z[ IkdZWdY[$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 Fh[Y_eki0 8Wi[Z Ed J^[ Del[b % :_h[Yjeh0 B[[ :Wd_[bi % 7Yjeh[i0 =WXekh[o I_Z_X[" FWkbW FWjjed" CWh_W^ 9Wh[o % :khWY_ d0 ''& c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;K % 7 e0 (&&/

9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 ',0++%'/0'+%('0*+ CWj_d [ :ec0 '*0)&

HEC7D9; Gk[h_Ze @e^d 8

?hed CWd ( 8

J[b$ )'#'#)(#') mmm$ccY_d[cWi$Yec 7:C?I?ÕD0 =;D;H7B0 +& % C_ hYeb[i0 ), '§$ <kdY_ d % ;ijkZ_Wdj[i % D_ ei [ ?DI;D0 *(

9_d feb_i 9EB?C70 )[h$ 7d_bbe F[h_\ h_Ye De$ )&'" ;ig$ 7l$ ?]dWY_e IWdZelWb" FbWpW P[djhWb_W$ 9eb_cW C7DP7D?BBE0 FWi[e Z[ bWi =Wl_ejWi De$ *+&" IWbW]kW

J[b$ )( ),( () 9eb_cW )'* ))+ ,* +. IWbW]kW" Cpe$ mmm$Y_d[feb_i$Yec$cn 7:C?I?ÕD CWdpWd_bbe0 =[d[hWb */ C_ hYeb[i [nY[fje Z_Wi \[ij_lei 0 )( CWj_d [i" d_ ei" )[hW$ [ZWZ o [ijkZ_Wdj[i Z[ B#L Yed Yh[Z[dY_Wb 0 )Fhe^_X_ZW bW [djhWZW W c[deh[i Z[ ' W e 7:C?I?ÕD 9eb_cW0 :[ B#:" Z[ifk[i Z[ bWi '+0&& ^hi0 ++

9ed HeX[hj :emd[o @h$ Z[ dk[le _dj[hfh[jWdZe Wb cW]dWj[ Jedo IjWha" gk_[d Yece ?hed CWd j[dZh| gk[ fed[h jeZe ik [cf[ e fWhW iWblWh Wb ckdZe Z[ kdW _d[if[hWZW Wc[dWpW" [ijW l[p feh fWhj[ Z[b f[b_]heie M^_fbWi^ C_Ya[o Hekha[ $ 9ed :ed 9^[WZb[" =mod[j^ FWbjhem o IYWhb[jj @e^Wdiied$ :_h[Yjeh0 @ed <Wlh[Wk % = d[he0 9_[dY_W <_YY_ d % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 8 % :khWY_ d0 '(* c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0

'*0&+%',0)&%'/0(+%((0&& CWj_d [ :ec0 ''0)+ :_Wh_e0 :E8 0 ',0(+%'.0++%('0)& CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0(&%')0+& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 ',0(&%'.0++%('0)& CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0*& :_Wh_e0 :E8 0 '+0+&%'.0(+%('0&& CWj_d [ :ec0 ')0'+

8WiWZW [d kdW ^_ijeh_W h[Wb" [ijW Y_djW Yk[djW bW ^_ijeh_W Z[ >WY^_ae" kd f[hhe 7a_jW gk[ i_[cfh[ WYecfW W W ik Wce F[j[h H_Y^WhZ =[h[ W bW [ijWY_ d Z[ jh[d fWhW Z[if[Z_hi[ Z[ b o h[]h[iW W bW c_icW [ijWY_ d fWhW h[Y_X_hbe Wb \_dWb Z[b Z W$ F[he kd ikY[ie jh|]_Ye hecf[h| bW hkj_dW Z[ >WY^_ae$ ;ijW Yedcel[ZehW ^_ijeh_W" WfjW fWhW jeZWi bWi [ZWZ[i" dei Z[iYh_X[ bW Z[leY_ d Z[ kd f[hhe \_[b W ik Wce o Z[ Y ce [b c|i i_cfb[ Z[ bei WYjei fk[Z[ bb[]Wh W i[h [b c|i ]hWdZ[ ][ije$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 >WY^_ae % :_h[Yjeh0 BWii[ >Wbbijh c % 7Yjeh[i0 @eWd 7bb[d" H_Y^WhZ =[h[" IWhW^ He[c[h" @Wied 7b[nWdZ[h % = d[he0 :hWcW % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 7 % :khWY_ d0 /) c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&&/

:_h_]_ZW feh BWii[ >Wbbijh c o XWiWZW [d bW del[bW Z[b [n_jeie Wkjeh D_Y^ebWi IfWhai" [ijW Y_djW Yk[djW bW ^_ijeh_W Z[ @e^d Joh[[ 9^Wddd_d] JWjkc " kd `el[d iebZWZe" o IWlWddW^ 9khj_i 7cWdZW I[o\h_[Z " kdW kd_l[hi_jWh_W _Z[Wb_ijW Z[ bW gk[ i[ [dWcehW$ :khWdj[ bei i_]k_[dj[i i_[j[ W ei bW fWh[`W [i i[fWhWZW feh bWi f[b_]heiWi Wi_]dWjkhWi Z[ @e^d1 i[ h[ d[d [ifeh|Z_YWc[dj[" f[he cWdj_[d[d [b YedjWYje W jhWl i Z[ kdW YWZ[dW Z[ YWhjWi Z[ Wceh1 c_icWi gk[" [l[djkWbc[dj[" Z[iWjWd Yedi[Yk[dY_Wi \WjWb[i$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 :[Wh @e^d %:_h[Yjeh0 BWii[ >Wbbijh c % 7Yjeh[i0 >[dho J^ecWi" 9^Wdd_d] JWjkc" 7cWdZW I[o\h_[Z" H_Y^WhZ @[da_di % = d[he0 HecWdY[ % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 8 % :khWY_ d0 '&- c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;K$ % 7 e0 (&'&

:_Wh_e0 :E8 0 '+0&&%'-0&&%'/0&&%('0&& CWj_d [ :ec0 ''0'&%')0&& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 :E8 0 '+0(+%'-0'+%'/0'+%('0'&

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '*0*&%',0++%'/0)&%('0*+ CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0'+ 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '*0*+%'-0&&%'/0(+%('0*&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

C_ hYeb[i [nY[fje Z_Wi \[ij_lei 0 ). CWj_d [i Wdj[i '+0&&" d_ ei o )[hW$ [ZWZ ** ;ijkZ_Wdj[i Z[ B#L Yed Yh[Z[dY_Wb 0 ** Fhe^_X_ZW bW [jdhWZW W c[deh[i Z[ ) W ei IWbW Z_]_jWb0 7Zkbje -)% d_ ei o )hW [ZWZ ,.

=EB:;D 9?D;C7N <[b_f[ I[l_bbW Z[b H e (&'" BeYWb ,*" @WhZ_d[i Z[ L_ijW >[hceiW 9eb_cW" 9eb$

J[b$ )'#(#&'#-) mmm$Y_d[cWiZ[bYekdjho$Yec$cn% Fhe]hWcWY_ d ik`[jW W YWcX_e i_d fh[l_e Wl_ie

\ p ·F c\ mX

9edckjWZeh0 )',#)(#-& [iYh XWdei 0 feh cW_b Yehh[e6c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn

<eje]hW\ W0 CWh_Wde 7fWh_Y_e

.*/6504

WfWh_Y_e6cWh_WdeWfWh_Y_e$Yec

feh \Wn )', )( -& feh YWhjW 7bZWcW ++(" 9eb_cW" (.&&& mmm$c_b[d_e$Yec Z[\[dieh6c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn

cWhj[i '. Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

5FNB ;b_i[e L|pgk[p Gk_hep

E\[b_W FbWpebW 9ehj[p

9bWkZ_e LWh]Wi

9Wcf[i_de

7cW Z[ YWiW

9ec[hY_Wdj[

= n] v `a h] ^]h]_an] k_qnne`] ah `kiejck aj h] vkj] jknpa `a h] _eq`]` _]lep]h( h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] `a Fqope_e] `ah Aop]`k $LFA% eilhaiajp qj klan]) perk `a ejpahecaj_e] l]n] _kjpnkh]n h]o ajpn]`]o u o]he`]o `ah aop]`k*

$PMJNB Jk d]u ba_d] l]n] mqa oa]j ]q`ep]`ko hko na_qnoko mqa oa afan_aj aj ah Lk`an Haceoh]perk( ]qj _q]j`k hko `elqp]) `ko oa _kilnkiapeankj ] okhe_ep]n ]h Ko]bec mqa nareoa h] i]jan] aj mqa oa c]op] ah `ejank aj ah ?kjcnaok hk_]h*

/BDJPOBM

CWh W ;ij^[h LWZ_bbe

8[d_]de F h[p

?iWX[b EhepYe 7]k_bWh

7cW Z[ YWiW

9Wcf[i_de

;ij_b_ijW

H] b]iehe] `ah at oaj]`kn @eack Ban) j j`av `a ?ar]hhko devk l ^he_] ]uan qj] _]np] aj h] mqa d]_a qj hh]i]`k Î] h]o lanokj]o mqa hk napeajaj( ] mqa ajp]^haj _kiqje_]_e j aj ]n]o `a jack_e]n oq he^an]_e jÏ*

/FHPDJPT Aj ah lneian pneiaopna `ah ] k( . `a / lanokj]o mqa hkcn]nkj ej_knlkn]noa ]h ian_]`k h]^kn]h ejbkni]nkj mqa oqo ejcnaoko aop]^]j aj qj n]jck `a ajpna _ank u d]op] pnao o]h]neko i jeiko*

'SPOUFSBT En j( aj ]_qan`k _kj Pqnmq ] u >n]oeh( ]_alp _]jfa aj ah atpn]jfank `a l]npa `a oq qn]jek haraiajpa ajnemqa_e`k ] _]i^ek `a _ki^qope^ha7 AQ `efk mqa h] lnklqaop] jk `apaj`n oq ejpaj_e j `a aj`qna_an o]j_ekjao _kjpn] Padan j*

5FOEFODJBT CWdk[b L_pYW de C[` W

JWb_dW DWlW

F[di_edWZe

7cW Z[ YWiW

IWck[b 9WhZedW F_d[ZW

Ah `kiejck oa na]hev h] oacqj`] i]n_d] ÎPk`ko _kjpn] h] ejpkhan]j_e]Ï( mqa l]npe `ah L]nmqa `a h] Lea`n] Heo] u _qhiej _kj qj] ran^aj] u lnaoaj) p]_ekjao ]np ope_]o aj ah F]n` j He^anp]`*

$VMUVSB Dku oa lnaoajp]n ah >]hhap Bkhgh ne_k ÎPvkiaÏ( dku i]npao( ] h]o .,6/, dkn]o( aj ah pa]pnk ]h ]ena he^na ÎFao o Danj j`avÏ `a ?]o] `a h] ?qhpqn] `a ?khei]( `ajpnk `ah lnkcn]i] ÎJk_dao `a ?]b Ï `a h] Oa_nap]n ] `a ?qhpqn]*

-B "GJDJuO

CWh W Z[ bei Îd][b[i D [p B f[p 7XWhhej[hW

CWh_e 8Wkj_ijW >[hd|dZ[p C Z_Ye dWjkh_ijW

HeiW CWh W B f[p =WhY W 7cW Z[ YWiW

H] i]ukn lnak_ql]_e j mqa lnk) rk_] h] oaha__e j `ah R]o_k =cqenna ao mqa jk peaja _kjpqj`aj_e] bnajpa ]h i]n_k( u ]o jk oa lqa`a ]olen]n ] iq_dk aj Oq` bne_]* Ah ia`ek bqp) ^kh ope_k klej] aj aop] a`e_e j***

Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.