Pediatr Jan-Feb 06 final allges
27-01-06
15:34
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°Ú›Ë ÙˆÓ ÙËÓÒÓ: ·ÂÈÏ‹ ÌÈ·˜ Ó¤·˜ ·Ó‰ËÌ›·˜; ª. ∆ÛÔÏÈ¿, π. §ÔÁÔı¤ÙË, ∞. ∫ˆÓÛÙ·ÓÙfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜
¶ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë: ∫·Ù¿ ÙË ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ· ÙÔ˘ 20Ô‡ ·ÈÒÓ· Ë ·ÓıÚˆfiÙËÙ· ‰ÔÎÈÌ¿ÛÙËΠ·fi ÙÚÂȘ ·Ó‰Ë̛˜ Áڛ˘. ™ÙËÓ ·˘Á‹ ÙÔ˘ 21Ô˘ ·ÈÒÓ·, Ë ÂÌÊ¿ÓÈÛË ÌÈ·˜ Ó¤·˜ ·Ó‰ËÌ›·˜ ÌÔÈ¿˙ÂÈ ·Ó·fiÊ¢ÎÙË. ∆· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ·, ¤Ó·˜ Û˘Ó¯Ҙ ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂÓÔ˜ ·ÚÈıÌfi˜ ÂȉËÌÈÒÓ Áڛ˘ ÙˆÓ ÙËÓÒÓ ÂΉËÏÒÓÔÓÙ·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ ÛÙȘ ·ÛÈ·ÙÈΤ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜, ηıÒ˜ Î·È Û ¿ÏÏ· ̤ÚË ÙÔ˘ ÎfiÛÌÔ˘. ∞˘Ù¤˜ ÚÔηÏÔ‡ÓÙ·È ·fi ÈÔ‡˜ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·˘ÍË̤ÓË ÏÔÈÌÔÁfiÓÔ ‰‡Ó·ÌË Î·È ÚÔηÏÔ‡Ó ˘„ËÏ‹˜ ·ıÔÁÔÓÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ ÁÚ›Ë ÛÙ· ÙËÓ¿. π‰È·›ÙÂÚË ·ÓËÛ˘¯›· ¤¯ÂÈ ÚÔηϤÛÂÈ Ë Â˘Ú›· ÂͿψÛË ÙÔ˘ ÈÔ‡ Ù˘ Áڛ˘ ∏5¡1 Û ¿ÁÚÈ· Î·È ÔÈÎfiÛÈÙ· ÙËÓ¿ ÛÙËÓ ∞Û›·. ∆Ô Û٤ϯԘ ·˘Ùfi ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÌÂÙ·‰Ôı› ·fi Ù· ÙËÓ¿ ÛÙÔÓ ¿ÓıÚˆÔ Î·È Ó· ÚÔηϤÛÂÈ Ïԛ̈ÍË Î·È ı¿Ó·ÙÔ. ∞Ó Î·È ¤¯ÂÈ ·Ú·ÙËÚËı› ÌÂÙ¿‰ÔÛË ÙÔ˘ ÈÔ‡ ·fi ¿ÓıÚˆÔ Û ¿ÓıÚˆÔ, Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ÙÔ Û٤ϯԘ ·˘Ùfi ‰ÂÓ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÌÂÙ·‰Ôı› ‡ÎÔÏ· ÌÂٷ͇ ·ÓıÚÒˆÓ. øÛÙfiÛÔ, ÌÔÚ› Ó· ·ÔÎÙ‹ÛÂÈ ÙËÓ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ· ·˘Ù‹ Ì ·Ó¿ÌÈÍË Î·È ·ÓÙ·ÏÏ·Á‹ ÙÔ˘ ÁÂÓÂÙÈÎÔ‡ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÏÈÎÔ‡ (reassortment) Ì ÙÔ ÁÂÓÂÙÈÎfi ˘ÏÈÎfi ·ÓıÚÒÈÓÔ˘ ÛÙÂϤ¯Ô˘˜ ‹ Ì ‰È·‰Ô¯ÈΤ˜ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏ¿ÍÂȘ. ™Â ·˘Ù‹Ó ÙËÓ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË, ÙÔ Û٤ϯԘ ∏5¡1 ı· Âͷψı› Û ÔÏfiÎÏËÚÔ ÙÔÓ ÎfiÛÌÔ Î·È ı· ÂΉËψı› ÌÈ· Ó¤· ·Ó‰ËÌ›·. °È· Ó· ÂÚÈÔÚÈÛÙ› Ë ÂͿψÛË ÙÔ˘ ÈÔ‡ Â›Ó·È ··Ú·›ÙËÙË Ë Û˘ÓÙÔÓÈṲ̂ÓË ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÙˆÓ Î˘‚ÂÚÓ‹ÛÂˆÓ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È fiÛˆÓ ·Û¯ÔÏÔ‡ÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ÂÎÙÚÔÊ‹ ÙËÓÒÓ ÒÛÙ ӷ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÛıÔ‡Ó Ù· ηٿÏÏËÏ· ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Î·È Ó· ‚ÂÏÙȈı› Ë ‚ÈÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ·ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ·. ∫¿ı ¯ÒÚ· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ‰È·ı¤ÙÂÈ ¤Ó· Û¯¤‰ÈÔ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘ ÌÈ·˜ ÂӉ¯fiÌÂÓ˘ ·Ó‰ËÌ›·˜, fiˆ˜ ›Û˘ Î·È ·fiıÂÌ· ÈηÓÒÓ ÔÛÔÙ‹ÙˆÓ ·ÓÙÈ-ÈÈÎÒÓ Ê·ÚÌ¿ÎˆÓ Ô˘ Ó· ·ÓÙ·ÔÎÚ›ÓÔÓÙ·È ÛÙȘ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ÙÔ˘ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡. √ ÈÔ ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈÎfi˜ ÙÚfiÔ˜, fï˜, ÁÈ· Ó· ÂÚÈÔÚÈÛÙ› Ë ·Ó‰ËÌ›·, ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÂÈ Ô ÂÌ‚ÔÏÈ·ÛÌfi˜. ™‹ÌÂÚ·, Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÂÓÙ·ÙÈ΋ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË ÂÌ‚ÔÏ›Ô˘ ηٿ ÙÔ˘ ÛÙÂϤ¯Ô˘˜ ∏5¡1.
µ’ ¶·È‰È·ÙÚÈ΋ ∫ÏÈÓÈ΋ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ ∞ıËÓÒÓ, ¡ÔÛÔÎÔÌÂ›Ô ¶·›‰ˆÓ “¶. Î·È ∞. ∫˘ÚÈ·ÎÔ‡” AÏÏËÏÔÁÚ·Ê›·: §ÔÁÔı¤ÙË πˆ¿ÓÓ· §˘Î›·˜ 5, ¡. ™Ì‡ÚÓË, ∆.∫. 171 23 e-mail: giannalogotheti@yahoo.gr
§¤ÍÂȘ ÎÏÂȉȿ: °Ú›Ë, ÁÚ›Ë ÙËÓÒÓ, ·Ó‰ËÌ›·.
Avian flu: a new pandemic threat? M. Tsolia, I. Logotheti, A. Konstantopoulos
Abstract: During the course of the 20th century the world experienced three influenza pandemics. Today, at the dawn of the 21st century the emergence of a new pandemic seems inevitable. In recent years, an increasing number of epidemics caused by high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses have occurred, mainly in Asian countries but also in other parts of the world. The current widespread dissemination of H5N1 avian virus in wild and domestic birds in Asia is unprecedented and has caused global concern. What is more troubling is the fact that this virus has been transmitted from birds to humans causing disease and death. Although human-to-human transmission is known to have occurred, the virus cannot be transmitted between humans with great efficiency. However, it may acquire this capacity either by reassortment with a human strain or through adaptive mutations. In this case, the H5N1 strain will cause explosive global spread and a new influenza pandemic will occur. An effort should be made by governments and poultry producers to improve biosecurity and conduct education programmes with a view to restriction of the spread of avian influenza. An operational pandemic plan should be available in every country and an adequate amount of antiviral medication stockpiled. Immunization will be the most effective way to reduce the impact of a pandemic and researchers are currently trying to develop a vaccine against the H5N1 strain.
2nd Paediatric Clinic, University of Athens, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital Correspondence: Logotheti Ioanna 5 Lykeias Str., N. Smyrni, 171 23, Athens e-mail: giannalogotheti@yahoo.gr
Key words: Influenza, avian influenza, pandemic.
¶·È‰È·ÙÚÈ΋ 2006;69:1-9