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Correlation between body composition and development of overweight/ obesity in children born with deviant birth weight during prepuberty. A case-control study within a cohort of children from the region of Northwest Greece
Background: Despite the increase in survival rates of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), relapsed and refractory disease still pose a therapeutic challenge, while there are patients who do not exhibit the anticipated response to treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous small RNA molecules acting as epigenetic modulators, have emerged as promising prognostic and predictive biomarkers, but a consensus on a set of miRNAs, which can be effectively used for risk stratification is currently lacking. The current pilot study aims to identify miRNAs, which could serve as prognostic biomarkers or as novel therapeutic targets.
Eleni Tsotridou
Athanasios Tragiannidis
Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou
Emmanouel Hatzipantelis
Children and Adolescent Hematology-Oncology Unit, 2nd Department of Pediatrics of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
Elisavet Georgiou
Chrysostomos Avgeros
Georgios Tzimagiorgis
Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Maria Lambrou
Eugenia Papakonstantinou
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
Methods: We assessed the expression levels of 84 miRNAs known to be implicated in various cancer types in bone marrow aspirates of pediatric patients with newly diagnosed ALL at diagnosis and explored associations with established prognostic factors: age, sex, number of leukocytes at diagnosis, immunophenotype, karyotype, prednisone response, minimal residual disease (MRD) on days 15 and 33, risk group and complete response.
Results: The levels of 25 miRNAs at diagnosis were associated with at least two of these parameters. Higher expression levels of let-7c-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-26a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-191-5p, miR-30b-5p and miR-31-5p were associated with good prednisone response. Higher levels of miR-125b-5p, miR-150-5p and miR-99a-5p at diagnosis were associated with standard/intermediate versus high-risk group (Mann-Whitney U p-value=0,017, 0,033 and 0,017 respectively) and complete response at the end of induction (Mann-Whitney U p-value=0,044 for all 3 miRNAs).
Conclusions: We identified miRNAs, which could be integrated into the risk stratification of pediatric ALL, after being validated in larger patient cohorts.
χρήση του miRCURY LNA RT Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) (13)
84 miRNAs
των miRCURY SYBR Green PCR Kit (14) και miRCURY LNA miRNA Cancer Focus PCR Panels (15) στο StepOnePlus Real Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, Waltham, MA, USA).
GeneGlobe Data Analysis tool (Qiagen, Germany)
Β-ΟΛΛ:
MRD: Minimal Residual Disease
miRNAs: MicroRNAs
RNA: Ribonucleic Acid
cDNA: complementary DNA
qRT-PCR: Quantitative
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
mRNA: messenger RNA
RRM2: Ribonucleotide
Reductase Regulatory Subunit M2
FOXO3: Forkhead Box O3
DNMT1: DNA Methyltransferase 1
LIN28A: Lin-28 Homolog A
BCL2: BCL2 Apoptosis Regulator
FKBP51: FKBP Prolyl Isomerase 5
IGF1R: Insulin Growth Factor 1 Receptor
mTOR: Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Kinase
MCL1: MCL1 Apoptosis Regulator, BCL2 Family Member
(Mann Whitney U p-value=0,017, p-value=0.033 και p-value=0,017 αντίστοιχα),
Whitney U p-value=0,044).
Pfizer Hellas
#75239833.
Βιβλιογραφία
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e-mail:
Correspondence
Foteini Balomenou
Τ. +306945981469
e-mail: f.balomenou@uoi.gr
Foteini Balomenou
Filippos Evagelou
Dimitrios Rallis
Konstantinos Prentzas
Kalliopi Balomenou
Anna Zisi
Anastasios Serbis
Basileios Giapros
NICU, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina
Correlation between body composition and development of overweight/ obesity in children born with deviant birth weight during prepuberty. a case-control study within a cohort of children from the region of NorthWest Greece
Background: One of the major public health problems nowadays is the obesity pandemia affecting all ages including childhood while evidence exist that childhood obesity predisposes to adult obesity. There is some evidence that overweight-obesity, apart from epidemiologic and hereditary (genetic) factors, can be correlated to birth weight, especially to its deviations (small or large birth weight SGA,LGA).
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to examine children with deviant birth weight (SGA or LGA) aged 7-10 years comparatively with children born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) regarding differences in BMI and body constitution.
Material and Methods: This study included 686 children aged 7-10 years. SGA were 106, LGA were 50 and AGA controls were 530.
Results: It was shown that the SGA status is correlated to statistically significant lower lean/ muscle mass, lower fat free mass and lower BMI at the mean age of 9 years. However fat mass as well as waist circumference were similar to controls despite the lower lean mass and BMI implying a central fat distribution in the group of SGA children. No correlations with body constitution or BMI were found in the LGA group comparing to controls.
Conclusions: Small birth weight is correlated to body size and constitution at prepuberty. No correlations with body constitution were found in the LGA group comparing to controls.
Keywords: SGA, LGA, AGA, obesity, neonate, deviant birth weight
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Introduction: During recent years, the effect of blood pressure (BP) on cognitive functions of the brain has gained increasing interest. The aim of the present study was to study if hypertensive children and adolescents present lower cognitive function scores.
Methods: Children and adolescents aged 5-18 years with diagnosis of primary arterial hypertension underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring and assessment of cognitive functions with WISC-III test.
Results: Hypertensive children showed statistically significantly lower performance on the scales of similarities, cube patterns, as well as practical intelligence and general intelligence scales, compared to children with normal BP on 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. Night systolic BP z score showed a negative correlation with the verbal intelligence quotient (r=-0.439, p<0.05), and the general intelligence quotient (r=-0.429, p<0.05), while night diastolic BP z score showed a negative correlation with the practical intelligence quotient (r=0.356, p<0.05) and the general intelligence quotient (r=-0.394, p<0.05). For each standard deviation (SD) increase of systolic and diastolic night BP intelligence quotient was reduced by 0.462 and 0.421 respectively.
Conclusions: Night BP is closely correlated with cognitive function in children and adolescents as shown by the associations with intelligence quotients in WISC-III test. 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring in children and adolescents with hypertension is important for identifying children at increased risk for lower cognitive performance.
First Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokratio General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
WISC-III (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for
0,490, p<0,005).
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Foreign body ingestion in pediatric patients at a Secondary Care Hospital: A retrospective study
Valentina Diamantidou, Eleni P. Kotanidou, Alexandra Tsiftsaki, Aikaterini Parisi, Anastasia Gavriilidou, Sofia Chrusostomidou
Abstract
Background: Foreign body (FB) ingestion constitutes a common reason of admission to pediatric Emergency Room (pER). It mainly concerns infants and toddlers, during the development of their ability to recognize and interact with objects and materials. The aim of the study was to describe and analyze FB ingestion cases of infants and children treated in a secondary care Hospital, during a ten-year period (2012-2022).
Methods: Medical records of the Pediatrics Department of the Kilkis General Hospital were retrospectively studied. Families of the retrieved cases were thereafter contacted through telephone.
Results: Eighty-seven (n=87) cases were retrieved (infants: 10.3%, toddlers: 48.3%, preschool children: 17.2%, school-aged children: 24.1%). Prevalence of FB ingestion cases increased during the COVID-19 pandemic period (2019-2022). Almost half of cases lived in urban areas (55.2%). The majority of patients were asymptomatic (n=57/87, 65.5%). Cough (46.7%) and vomiting (33.3%) were recorded as the predominant presenting symptoms. Most common FB were coins and cigarette butts, both with the same prevalence (20.7%). FB was not visualized radiographically in the vast majority of cases (60.9%). FB were most commonly located in the stomach (14.9%) and the small intestine (14%) and were expelled within 72 hours after ingestion in the 73.3% of cases. Communication with families was possible in 67.8% of cases, whereas 93.2% among them were treated conservatively, while endoscopic extraction was needed in a percentage of 6.7% (n=4) after referral to a tertiary hospital. Conclusions: FB ingestion is a common reason of presentation to the pER, with increased prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Kilkis, Kilkis, Greece
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REVIEW
Correspondence
Alexios Mavroudis MD.
Erithrou Staurou Terma 22131, Tripoli M. +306978699611
e-mail: alexis.mavroudis@ yahoo.gr
Alexios Mavroudis
Peadiatric Department
General Hospital “EVAGELISTRIA”
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome following SARS-CoV-2 in children. In
edge
Alexios Mavroudis
Summary
the view of new knowl-
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) usually manifests a few weeks after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. It predominantly affects neonatal and school-aged children. This study aimed at investigating the physiopathology of immunological and hematological parameters, as well as the molecular mechanisms of the multisystemic disease. The study was based on a literature review of scientific articles in English and Greek, published between 2020 and 2022, and was based on internet search tool databases. According to the findings, the pathogenesis of MIS-C is unclear. It is not the result of an acute viral infection but is considered a postinfectious syndrome associated with an IgG antibody-mediated reaction in a genetically predetermined background of patients. Another interpretation is the delayed onset of the disease, which is due either to an inability to control the multiplication of the virus or to a high initial load. Hemostasis disorders are observed with increased inflammation indicators and with cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunction. A remarkable role in the pathology of the infection is "endotheliopathy", with the presence of autoantibodies to specific proteins of the vascular endothelium. The multisystem syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2 in children is the biological stage of an incompletely controlled primary infection with the involvement of natural and specific immunity.
DCBLD: Discoidin, CUB and LCCL domain-containing protein,
Discoidin
IL: Interleukin,
MMP: matrix metalloproteinase,
Mεταλλοπρωτεϊνάση
T regs: Τ-regulations,
II.A. MISC
• Tocilizumab:
• Anakinra:
• Infliximab:
(32).
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33. Παπαευαγγέλου Β.
e-mail:
Correspondence
Elpis-Athina Vlachopapadopoulou
Thivon and Levadias 11527, Athens
Τ. +302132009851
Κ. +306932247228
e-mail: elpis.vl@gmail.com
Adolescent girl with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis that developed into Graves’ disease
Marialena Mani, Eirini Dikaiakou, Fani Athanasouli, Stefanos Fakiolas, Maria Kafetzi, Marina Vakaki, Elpis-Athina Vlachopapadopoulou
Abstract
Marialena Mani
Eirini Dikaiakou
Fani Athanasouli
Elpis-Athina Vlachopapadopoulou
Department of Endocrinology, Growth and Development, Children’s Hospital “P. & A. Kyriakou”, Athens
Marialena Mani
Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital “Tzaneio”, Piraeus
Stefanos Fakiolas
Maria Kafetzi
Biochemistry Department, Children’s Hospital “P. & A. Kyriakou”, Athens
Marina Vakaki
Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital “P. & A. Kyriakou”, Athens
Hashimoto's thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) is the most prevalent cause of hypothyroidism in iodine-sufficient countries and the commonest cause of thyroid dysfunction during childhood and adolescence. Its prevalence in childhood is estimated at 1-2%, being higher in girls particularly during adolescence. The etiology involves genetic and environmental factors. Clinical indicators are the presence of goiter and symptoms of hypothyroidism. Furthermore, elevated TSH levels raise suspicion for TH. Autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (Anti-TPO) are the most sensitive marker for the diagnosis of AT. Thyroid function at diagnosis, varies considerably and ranges from euthyroidism to overt hypothyroidism and rarely hyperthyroidism. In this particular case, a 118/12-year-old adolescent girl was referred to the department of endocrinology, because during investigation for increased body mass elevated TSH, anti-TPO and anti-TG values were appreciated, while free Thyroxine (fT4) levels were within normal range. She underwent a thyroid ultrasound which was consistent with autoimmune thyroiditis. Thus, the diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and subclinical hypothyroidism was established and treatment with levothyroxine was initiated. The patient became euthyroid and remained so, on thyroxine replacement, for 18 months. At that time the patient reported heat intolerance and increased appetite during the last two months. Physical examination revealed a goiter and fine tremor of the hands. Laboratory testing showed suppressed TSH, elevated FT4 and T3, and high levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor autoantibodies (TSI), findings that were consistent with the diagnosis of Graves' disease. Development of Grave’s disease on the grounds of hypothyroidism due to AT is rare and needs to be promptly recognized.
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