G4-Sci-Workbook

 SCIENCE WORKBOOK

Aligned with NEP 2020

Headstart Science Workbook - Class 4 Legal Disclaimer This book is intended for educational purposes only. The information contained herein is provided on an “as-is” and “as-available” basis without any representations or warranties, express or implied. The authors (including any affiliated organizations) and publishers make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability of the information contained in this book for any purpose.

The authors (including any affiliated organizations) and publishers of the book have made reasonable efforts to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the content and information contained in this book. However, the authors (including any affiliated organizations) and publishers make no warranties or representations regarding the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the information contained in this book, including without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, and non-infringement. The authors (including any affiliated organizations) and publishers disclaim any liability or responsibility for any errors, omissions, or inaccuracies in the content or information provided in this book.

This book does not constitute legal, professional, or academic advice, and readers are encouraged to seek appropriate professional and academic advice before making any decisions based on the information contained in this book. The authors (including any affiliated organizations) and publishers disclaim any liability or responsibility for any decisions made based on the information provided in this book.

The authors (including any affiliated organizations) and publishers disclaim any and all liability, loss, or risk incurred as a consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and/or application of any of the contents or information contained in this book. The inclusion of any references or links to external sources does not imply endorsement or validation by the authors (including any affiliated organizations) and publishers of the same.

All trademarks, service marks, trade names, and product names mentioned in this book are the property of their respective owners and are used for identification purposes only.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including without limitation, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the authors (including any affiliated organizations) and publishers.

The authors (including any affiliated organizations) and publishers shall make commercially reasonable efforts to rectify any errors or omissions in the future editions of the book that may be brought to their notice from time to time.

Subject to Hyderabad jurisdiction only.

Copyright © 2024 Rankguru Technology Solutions Private Limited. All rights reserved.

ISBN 978-81-967708-0-8 First Edition

Contents 1. Adaptations in Plants

01

2. Leaves — The Food Factory of Plants

06

3. Adaptations in Animals

11

4. Reproduction in Animals

18

5. Food and Health

24

6. Teeth and Digestion

30

7. Keeping Safe

35

8. Clothes We Wear

42

9. Our Universe — The Solar System

49

10. Our Environment and Pollution

56

11. Weather, Air, and Water

62

12. States of Matter

68

13. Force, Work, and Energy

75

All About Me Adaptations in Plants

1

WORKSHEET 1 LEVEL 1 1.

Tick ( ) the correct habitat for the following plants.

Name of Plant

Image of Plant

Terrestrial

Aquatic

Lotus

Duckweed

Cedar

Hydrilla

Cactus

Date Palm

1

2.

Fill in the blanks. a. The place where organisms like plants and animals grow is called its ______. (home/habitat) b.

_______ plants are the ones that grow on land. (Terrestrial/Aquatic)

c.

Deserts are typically hot and dry with _____ terrain. (rocky/sandy)

d. _______ have a moderate climate that is neither too cold nor too hot. (Hills/ Plains) e.

3.

Rubber and coconut grow in places which are closer to the ____. (hills/ocean)

Mark (T) for the true and (F) for the false statements. a. Aquatic plants are the ones that grow in water. b. Deserts are areas that receive very high rainfall. c. Marshes are wet places with clayey soil. d. Hilly areas usually have hot weather. e. Underwater plants stay entirely beneath the water.

4.

Circle the odd one out. a. Desert, Pond, Plain, Hills b. Cactus, Date palm, Cedar, Acacia c. Maple, Coconut, Rubber, Pepper d. Duckweed, Teak, Water hyacinth, Water Lilly e. Hydrilla, Lotus, Oak, Tape grass

2

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1.

Complete the following flowchart.

Adaptation in Plants Terrestrial plants Deserts

Aquatic Plants Floating Plants

a. What do you mean by habitat? What are the different types of habitats? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ b. How do floating plants move on the water surface without sinking? Give two examples of floating plants. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

3

a. Define the following. i. Terrestrial plants:

ii. Aquatic plants:

iii. Evergreen trees:

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ b. What are breathing roots? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ c. Write any three characteristics of trees in hilly areas. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ d. What do you mean by plains? What kind of trees are found in plains? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ e. Why are the conditions in the coastal regions not good for plants? Give two examples of plants that are found here. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

4

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1. Why have cacti, found in deserts, adapted to store water in their stems? How does this adaptation help them survive in their habitat? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

2.

Compare some of the characteristics of terrestrial plants and aquatic plants that help them to live in their respective habitats. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

3. If a plant were to move from a marshy habitat to a desert habitat, what adjustments would it need to make to survive in the desert habitat? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

4. Why do you think grasslands are good for certain types of farming activities? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

5. In aquatic plants, how do fixed plants and underwater plants differ in their characteristics? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

5

All About Me Food Factory of Plants 2 Leaves -- The

WORKSHEET 1 LEVEL 1

6

1.

Draw a diagram of a leaf and label these four parts: leaf apex, leaf blade, midrib and side veins.

2.

Fill in the blanks. a.

The pointy end of a leaf is called ____________ (apex/root).

b.

Plants make their food through a process called ____________ (photosynthesis/transpiration).

c.

The green pigment in leaves that helps in photosynthesis is called ____________ (chlorophyll/ stomata).

d.

The tiny openings on the surface of leaves that allow gases to enter and exit are called ____________ (stomata/veins).

3.

Identify and name the parts of the plants that we eat.

4.

Mark the following statements as true or false. a.

Leaves have chlorophyll, which converts sunlight into energy for plants.

(True/False)

b.

Stomata are tiny openings in leaves that facilitate gas exchange.

(True/False)

c.

Plants do not produce any storage form of food.

(True/False)

d.

Insectivorous plants do not eat insects for their survival.

(True/False)

e.

Animals are dependent on plants.

(True/False)

7

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1.

Rewrite the sentences correctly. a.

A leaf has a flat part known as the leaf apex. _____________________________________________________________________

b.

Stomata in plants capture sunlight. _____________________________________________________________________

c.

Plants make their food, which is a kind of sugar called starch. _____________________________________________________________________

d.

Energy flows from the sun to animals and then to plants and human beings. _____________________________________________________________________

2.

Complete the following image by filling the blanks with factors of photosynthesis given below.

Carbon dioxide

8

Oxygen

Water

Sugar

Sunlight

3.

Answer the following questions. a.

How do leaves make food for the plants? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

b. How do plants use the food produced by their leaves, and what happens to any extra food? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ c.

List the different parts of food that we eat. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

d.

What are the three main functions of leaves? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

e.

What are insectivorous plants? Give some examples. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

9

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1.

Answer the following questions. a.

How are plants, animals, and humans dependent on each other? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

b.

Why are leaves called the food factory of plants? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

c.

What will happen if there are no plants? How would it affect humans and animals? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

d.

Which type of leaves does cacti have, and how does it help them? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

10

3

All About Me Adaptations in Animals WORKSHEET 1

LEVEL 1 1. Fill in the blanks. a. Animals that eat dead animals are called __________. b. A porcupine has a sharp __________ on its body. c. Animals that are at higher risk or becoming extinct are called ____________ animals.

2. Mark (T) for the true and (F) for the false statements. a. The lightweight and hollow bones of the birds allow them to fly in the air. b. Webbed feet are an adaptation that helps animals swim and move easily in water. c. Animals that eat both plants and animals are called carnivores.

3.

Name the following. a. Animals who live on land.

_____________________________

b. Animals who live both on land and water.

_____________________________

c. Animals that live mostly on trees.

_____________________________

11

d. Animals that live in water.

___________________________________________

e. Animals that can fly.

___________________________________________

4. Match the following.

Animals

Adaptation

Eat a lot and store as fat in their bodies.

Can breathe with skin in water and lungs on land.

Store fat in their humps.

Huddle together to keep warm in the cold.

Have hard shells to hide inside.

12

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1. Define the following in one line and give two examples for each. a. Aestivation ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ b. Parasites ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ c. Omnivores ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ d. Carnivores ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ e. Herbivores ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

13

2. How do the following animals protect themselves from enemies? Write in 1-2 lines. a. Elephants _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ b. Cuttlefish _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ c. Deer _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________

d. Snails _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ e. Polar bears _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________

14

3.

Answer the following questions briefly. a. How do camels adapt to live in deserts? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

b. What is migration? Give an example of one animal that migrates. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ c. Write the differences between aquatic and amphibian animals.

Aquatic

Amphibian

15

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1. Think about a bird and a monkey. How are they different in the way they live and find food? How do their bodies help them survive?

____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

2. Explain why some animals sleep a lot during winter. What do they do before sleep, and why is it helpful for them?

____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

16

3.

If polar bears in the Arctic region did not have their white fur, how would it affect their survival and behaviour?

____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

4.

Imagine that you are participating in a wildlife conservation campaign. What do you think can be done to protect the endangered species.

____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

17

4

Reproduction in Animals All About Me

WORKSHEET 1 LEVEL 1

1.

Fill in the blanks. a.

In mammals, the baby is fed with ___________ from its mother.

b.

Reptiles, like snakes and turtles, usually lay ___________.

c.

The protective covering of an egg is called the ___________.

d. The process of change from a young tadpole to an adult frog is called____________. e. Kangaroos and koalas are examples of ___________, a type of mammal that carries its babies in a pouch.

2.

Write T for true and F for false statements. a.

All animals that lay eggs are birds. _________________

b. Marsupials, like kangaroos, give birth to fully developed young ones. __________ c. Insects like grasshoppers undergo metamorphosis with four distinct stages. __________

18

d.

Bats and whales are mammals. __________

e.

All birds build nests to lay their eggs. __________

3.

Match the adult animals with their babies.

Adult animal

Young ones

19

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1.

Define. a.

Incubation: ______________________________________________________________________

b.

Hatching: ______________________________________________________________________

c.

Moulting: ______________________________________________________________________

2.

Look at the life cycle of a frog and explain its stages.

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

3.

20

Give two examples of each. a.

Animals that lay eggs:_____________ _____________

b.

Animals that give birth to young ones:_____________ _____________

c.

Animals that lay eggs in shallow pits near rivers: _____________ _____________

4.

Answer the following questions. a.

What are the ways animals can reproduce? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

b.

How do birds take care of their eggs during incubation? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

c.

Name the stages of the life cycle of a butterfly. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

d.

Draw the diagram of a hen’s egg and label its parts. Write the function of each of its parts.

i.

Shell:_____________________________________________________________

ii. _

Yolk:____________________________________________________________

iii.

Albumen:_________________________________________________________

21

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1.

Read the statements and mark the correct answer in the word search.

L

2.

C

H

J

K

L

M

P

A

S

M A

G

G

O

T

S

P

T

V

W

X

R

C

D

F

Z

U

G

H

A

C

M

V

N

Y

M

P

H

S

Q

P

O M A M M A

L

S

R

S

T

W

T

I

G

E

R

E

a.

Animal that teaches their babies to find food.

b.

Animals that give birth to their young ones.

c.

Insect eggs that hatch into larvae.

d.

The butterfly’s eggs hatch into caterpillars.

e.

Cockroaches eggs hatch and become young insects.

Answer the following questions. a.

Why do you think birds build nests to lay their eggs? What is the usefulness of nest in the process of reproduction? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

b.

Why do you think some animals, like fish, lay so many eggs? What is the benefit of this? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

22

c.

Human activities like throwing trash in the water affect animals that lay eggs there. What can we do to help them survive better? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

23

5

All and About Me Food Health WORKSHEET 1

LEVEL 1 1.

Tick the food items that belong to the nutrient group, which is our main energy source.

2. Fill in the blanks. a.

__________ keeps our body warm.

b.

__________ gives good vision.

c.

__________ helps the body to fight diseases.

d.

__________ helps to keep our bones and teeth strong.

e.

__________ removes waste in the form of sweat.

f.

__________ helps to remove undigested food from the body.

3. Mark (T) for true and (F) for false statements.

24

a.

Fats give us less energy than carbohydrates.

_____

b.

Vitamins and minerals are protective nutrients.

_____

c.

We must eat a balanced diet to stay healthy.

_____

d.

Roughage can be digested by the body.

_____

e.

Regular exercise makes our muscles strong.

_____

f.

We should eat more cheese and less vegetables.

_____

4.

Match the following. a. Orange, Lemon, Tomato

i.

Preservatives

b. Salt, Oil, Vinegar

ii.

Vitamin E

c.

iii. Vitamin C

Dried Fruits, Red Chilli

d. Whole grains, Nuts, Olives

iv.

Dehydration

25

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1.

2.

3.

Circle the odd one out and explain your reason in one line. a.

Wheat, Cheese, Potato, Rice _____________________________________________________________

b.

Calcium, Vitamin A, Potassium, Iron _____________________________________________________________

c.

Fish, Meat, Fruits, Eggs _____________________________________________________________

d.

Boiling, Canning, Cooking, Freezing _____________________________________________________________

Give reasons for the following. a.

Milk is considered to be a complete food. _____________________________________________________________

b.

Proteins are called body-building nutrients. _____________________________________________________________

c.

Leftover food goes bad over a period of time. _____________________________________________________________

Answer the following. a.

Name the five types of nutrients.

____________________________________________________________ b.

What is a balanced diet, and why is it important?

____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

26

c.

Name two benefits of exercise. ____________________________________________________________

d.

Mention three good cooking habits. ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

e.

How does freezing help to preserve food? ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

f.

Mention why the following are important in our diet.

Vitamins: _____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Water: ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Fats: __________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

27

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1.

Answer the following.

a.

Shikha loves to eat junk food. She always forgets to wash her hands before eating anything. One day, she fell ill and got tremendously weak. The doctor asked her to eat green vegetables. What do you think is the reason behind Shikha’s illness?

_______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ b.

Look at the food pyramid below and answer the following questions.

i.

Why do you think carbohydrates are at the base of the pyramid? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

ii.

Why are fats at the top of the pyramid? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

iii. Imagine you are planning a meal. How would you use the food pyramid to decide the proportions of carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fats in your meal? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

28

c.

Look at the given pictures and describe the food preservation method.

29

6

About Me TeethAll and Digestion

WORKSHEET 1 LEVEL 1 1.

2.

30

Fill in the blanks. a.

The _______ keeps the tooth in place. (crown/root)

b.

Small food pieces in the mouth that make a sticky layer on the teeth is called ______. (plaque/flux)

c.

Any food that isn’t digested goes to the ______ intestine. (small/large)

d.

Protozoa are tiny, ____ -celled organisms. (one/multi)

e.

We need a special tool called a ____ to see microbes. (telescope/microscope)

Mark (T) for the true and (F) for the false statements. a.

By the time we are 3 years old, we have a full set of 10 baby teeth.

b.

We have 32 permanent teeth in total, 14 in the upper jaw and 18 in the lower jaw.

c.

Next to the incisors on each side, we have canines.

d.

From the stomach, the food goes into the large intestine.

e.

Some bacteria are helpful, and some are harmful for our body.

3.

Look at the given image of a tooth structure. Label the picture with the words from the box.

Crown Root Enamel Dentine Pulp Gum

Tooth Structure

4.

Choose the correct answer for the following questions from the options given. a.

What do we call the part of the teeth that we can see? i.

b.

Pulp

Small intestine

iv. Neck

ii. Enamel

iii. Dentine

iv. Gum

ii. Stomach

iii. Food pipe

iv. Rectum

Undigested food from small intestine goes to which part of the digestive system? i. Food pipe intestine

e.

iii. Crown

Where do special juices mix with the food so that food can be absorbed by the body? i.

d.

ii. Root

What is the toughest substance in our body? i.

c.

Gum

ii. Rectum

iii. Stomach

iv. Large

Which of the following are the types of microbes? i.

Bacteria

ii. Virus

iii. Protozoa

iv. All of them

31

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1.

Answer the following questions. a.

Why do baby teeth are known as temporary teeth? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

b.

Compare the four types of teeth on the basis of: i.

Number of each type of teeth

ii.

Functions Incisors

c.

d.

Canines

Premolars

Molars

What are the three layers of a tooth? Write down its function in one line. i. __

_______________________________________________________________

ii.

__________________________________________________________________

iii.

__________________________________________________________________

What happens to the food in the following organs: i.

Mouth:

__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ii.

Stomach:

__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ iii.

Small intestine:

__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

32

iv.

Large intestine:

__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ e.. Write any four healthy eating habits.

f.

i.

__________________________________________________________________

ii.

__________________________________________________________________

iii.

__________________________________________________________________

iv.

__________________________________________________________________

What are microbes? Write briefly about any two types of microbes. ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ g.

Some microbes can be useful. Justify this statement.

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

33

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1.

Draw a neat and clean diagram of our digestive system and label its parts.

2.

Imagine you are a dentist. How would you advise someone to take care of their teeth to prevent cavities? What tips would you give? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

3.

You saw your friend is eating food too fast without properly chewing it. What would you explain to him so that he starts chewing his food properly? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

4.

How can you make sure that you have a balanced and healthy diet? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

34

7

All About Me Keeping Safe

WORKSHEET 1 LEVEL 1 1.

Tick ( ) for the good habit and ( ) for bad habit.

S. No.

Image of the Habit

Good Habit

Bad Habit

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

35

2.

Fill in the blanks. a. ______ rules are essential rules that should be followed to prevent accidents and ensure your well-being. (Safety/Dance)

3.

b.

We should keep kitchen floors ____ to prevent slipping. (wet/dry)

c.

We should wear _____ clothes when handling firecrackers. (synthetic/cotton)

d.

We should use the _____ crossing while crossing the road. (zebra/horse)

e.

The solution of baking soda acts as first aid in case of minor ____. (bites/burns)

Mark (T) for the true and (F) for the false statements. a. We should not alert an adult if we detect the smell of gas in the kitchen. b. We should not leave soap bars on bathroom floors to prevent slipping accidents. c. We should not seek our parents’ permission before taking any medication. d. We should throw objects around in the classroom to keep the campus clean. e. If the dog looks scared or growls, we should move away slowly.

4.

Fill in the blanks with the correct answer from the options given below. a. The immediate help given to an injured person is called i. First aid

ii. Second aid

iii. Third aid

iv. Fourth aid

b. Always walk on the

.

i. Footpath ii. Road iii. Road divider

36

iv. Middle Road

.

c.

Most of the accidents occur due to our

.

i. Carelessness ii. Activeness iii. Awareness iv. Cleanliness d.

To treat an insect bite, we use ________. i. Calamine lotion ii. Burnol iii. Anti-tetanus iv. Toothpaste

e.

When a person faints, we should sprinkle i. Hot water

.

ii. Cold water

iii. Shampoo iv. Oil

37

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2

1. Answer the following questions a. What do you mean by safety rules? Write two kitchen safety rules. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b. Write any three general safety rules to be followed at home. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ c. Write four safety rules that we should follow at school. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ d. What are three specific rules you should always remember to stay safe? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

38

e. What are some important safety rules that you should follow when you are in a public place, like a park? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ f. List three important safety rules that you should follow when you are at the beach. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ g. Write some safety rules we should follow when playing with a pet. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ h. What is first aid? What points should we keep in mind while giving first aid? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ i. Define first aid kit. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ j. How should we provide first aid help for minor cuts and wounds? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ k. What is the procedure for giving first aid for minor burns? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ l. What are the first aid tips for insect bites? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

39

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1. Answer the following questions. a. Compare the safety rules in the school and the safety rules on the road. What similarities and differences do you notice? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b. What is the importance of wearing a helmet while riding a bicycle?

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ c. Think what might happen if someone does not follow safety rules while playing with pets. How can it become a problem?

40

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ d. Based on what you know about safety rules at the beach, why is it important not to swim in some areas without lifeguards? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ e. If you were in a park with your friends, and one of them suddenly faints, what immediate actions would you take to ensure their safety? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

41

8

Clothes We Wear WORKSHEET 1

LEVEL 1 1.

2.

Match the following.

Column A

Column B

Cotton Clothes

Winter

Formal Clothes

Home

Woollen Clothes

Summer

Casual Clothes

Monsoon

Raincoat

Work

Tick the correct answer. a. We all need clothes to ___________________. i. Eat ii. Sleep iii. Wear iv. Drink

42

b. Woollen clothes keep our body ___________________. i. Warm ii. Dry iii. Cool iv. Airy c. Children go to school in ___________________. i. Formals ii. Casuals iii. Raincoat iv. Uniform d. There are _________ types of fibres. i. One ii. Two iii. Three iv. Four e. Synthetic fibres are produced in ___________________. i. Plants ii. Animals iii. Factories iv. Insects

43

3.

Label the clothing for each season.

Seasons: Summer, Winter, Monsoon/ Rainy

44

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1.

Unscramble the letters to find the name of a natural fibre. a. E J T U______________________________________________________ b. E N N I L______________________________________________________ c. N T O O T C___________________________________________________ d. O L W O______________________________________________________

2.

Answer in one word. a. What do lawyers wear? ___________________________________________________________ b. What is another word for human-made fibres? ___________________________________________________________ c. What do factory workers wear? ___________________________________________________________ d. What is the term for fibres obtained from natural sources? ___________________________________________________________

45

3.

State whether the following statement is True or False. a. The clothes which are worn at home are called formal clothes. b. Woollen and silk clothes are sturdy and cannot be easily damaged. c. We should not iron and fold the clothes after they dry. d. Nylon is made in factories.

4.

Answer the following. a. Write two ways to take care of your clothes. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ b. List two examples each of synthetic and natural fibres. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ c. Which type of clothes need gentle cleaning? How are these clothes cleaned? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

46

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1.

Answer the following questions. a. Why do we need clothes? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ b. What is the difference between synthetic and natural fibres?

Synthetic fibre

Natural fibre

c. How do we decide what clothes to wear in different seasons? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ d. Why do factory workers wear snug clothes? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

47

2.

Draw and colour different types of clothing on the basis of different seasons.

Summer

48

Winter

Monsoon

-- The Solar All About Me System 9 Our Universe

WORKSHEET 1 LEVEL 1 1

Tick ( ) the correct option. a. Which of these is a natural satellite?

i.

Sun

ii. Moon

iii. Saturn

iv. Earth

b. An imaginary line that runs through the centre of the Earth is: i.

Pole

ii. Axis

iii. Equator

iv. Orbit

c. It causes a change in seasons on the Earth. i.

Rotation

ii. Spinning

iii. Hemisphere

iv. Revolution

d. Venus in the western sky is called _____.

i.

Evening star

ii. Red planet

iii. Morning star

iv. Gas planet

49

2.

Mark (T) for true and (F) for false statements. a. Orion is the name of a constellation. b. Earth orbits in an elliptical path around the moon. c. The sun is a white dwarf star. d. Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are called rocky or terrestrial planets. e. All the planets except Venus in the solar system rotate in east to west direction.

3.

Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. a. Jupiter has a total of ____________ moons. b. Earth completes one _____________ around the sun in 365¼ days. c. Lithosphere, also known as ________, is the outermost layer of Earth. d. The moon completes one revolution around the Earth in _____ days.

4.

Give one word for the following. a. A group of stars that together form a pattern:

_________________

b. Celestial bodies that revolve around planets and have no light: c. The spinning of an object on its axis:

_________________ _________________

d. The innermost part of the Earth that contains dense iron and nickel. _________________ e. Huge amounts of energy released by the Sun at times.

50

_________________

5.

Match the planets in column A with their characteristic in column B. Column A

6.

Column B

a.

Mars i.

Evening star

b.

Earth

ii. Red planet

c.

Venus

iii. Blue planet

d.

Jupiter

iv. Farthest planet

e.

Neptune

v. Largest planet

Name the type of Earth’s movement shown in figures a and b.

Figure a

Figure b

51

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1.

Look at the images below and answer the questions.

Figure a

Figure b

a. What is a constellation? ________________________________________________________________________ b. Identify the constellations shown in Figure a and b. i.

ii.

c. How were constellations useful for sailors a long time back? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

52

2. Answer the following questions. a. What causes day and night? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b. What is the Equator? How has it divided the Earth? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ c. How many layers is Earth made up of? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

3.

Give two examples for each of the following. a. Rocky planets:

_____________________________________________________

b. Gas planets:

____________________________________________________

c. Planets that have natural satellite: __________________________________________

53

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 I. Answer the following questions. a. Describe what you would see and experience during one complete revolution of the moon around the Earth.

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b. Why do the oceans on the Earth’s surface experience tides? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

54

c. How is the tilt of the Earth’s axis responsible for the change in seasons? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ d. How do you think the Earth’s rotation makes the Sun appear to move across the sky during the day? Draw a simple picture to illustrate this concept. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

55

All About MePollution and 10 Our Environment WORKSHEET 1 LEVEL 1 1.

Match the following.

Column A

2.

56

Column B

a.

Land pollution

i Respiratory and heart conditions

b.

Water pollution

ii. Loss of fertile top layer of soil

c.

Air pollution

iii. Rainfall and rivers

d.

Soil erosion

iv. Marine dumping

e.

Sources of water

v.

Fertilizers and pesticides

Fill in the blanks. a.

World Environment Day is observed on ____________ every year.

b.

Our food, like fruits, vegetables, milk, eggs, and meat, comes from plants and ___________.

c.

Combustion of fossil fuels cause _________ pollution.

d.

Things that make air, land, or water unfit for us are called____________.

e.

_________ can lead to the discolouration of historical monuments like the Taj Mahal.

f.

Afforestation helps prevent _______ pollution.

3.

4.

Mark (T) for true and (F) for false statements. a.

Polluted water is fit for drinking.

_____

b.

Deforestation has a positive impact on water quality.

_____

c.

Growing trees helps in reducing air pollution.

_____

d.

The use of chemical fertilisers causes land pollution.

_____

e.

Plants do not help in cleaning the air.

_____

f.

We need clean air to stay healthy.

_____

Look at the pictures and identify the causes of pollution.

a. ________________________

b. ________________________

c. ________________________

d. ________________________

57

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1 Give reasons for the following statements. a. We should care for our environment.

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ b. Human activities cause air pollution.

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ c. We should plant more trees.

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

2.

Unscramble the words. a. ITELRTGNI: __________________________ b. NOPLTUTLA: __________________________ c. LIOS ISOERON: __________________________

58

3. Answer the following questions. a. What does the environment provide us?

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ b. Write any two causes and two effects of land pollution.

Causes: ________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Effects: ________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ c. How does water pollution affect humans, animals and plants?

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ d. What is global warming, and how is it connected to air pollution?

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ e. What is the purpose of World Environment Day?

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ f. How can using public transportation help reduce air pollution?

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

59

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1.

Identify the types of pollution in the following image and write a few sentences on the ways to prevent them.

____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

60

2.

3.

Choose any one kind of pollution and write about its effect on the environment and the people.

Effects of Pollution on the Environment ______________________________

Effects of Pollution on People ______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

In your neighbourhood, you have noticed that a lot of plastic trash near and inside the river. People do not know it harms the river and the animals that live there. a. What can you do to help with the plastic trash near the river?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________ b. Think about how you can tell people why it is important not to throw plastic in the river. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ c. Suggest easy ways for everyone to throw away their trash. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

4. In your school, the road nearby is busy, and the cars and buses make a lot of noise and smoke. Some friends are coughing more because of it.

What can you and your friends do to improve the air near your school? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

61

All About Me Air, and Water 11 Weather, WORKSHEET 1 LEVEL 1

62

1.

What difference in the weather conditions can you see in both pictures? Write in one sentence below.

2.

Fill in the blanks. a.

________ is the term for the specific combination of wind, rain, sunshine, and clouds at a particular place and time. (Weather/Sunlight)

b.

The conditions of weather can change ________ and ________. (Monthly and yearly/Daily and hourly)

c.

The sun is directly overhead at ________, making afternoons the hottest.

(Noon/Evening)

d.

About______of the Earth’s surface is covered with water. (Three-fourth/ Onefourth)

e.

Rain cools down the earth, providing relief from ________.

(Summer heat/ Winter)

f.

Moving air is called ________. (Wind/Storm)

3.

4.

State whether ‘True’ or ‘False’. a.

Nights are the warmest when the sun is directly overhead.

_______

b.

Cooling of water vapours leads to the formation of clouds.

_______

c.

Air is a mixture of oxygen, iron, and carbon dioxide..

_______

d.

The majority of water is found in rivers..

_______

e.

Storms can cause damage to trees and buildings.

_______

Underline the odd one out. a.

Thunder, lightning, rain, snow.

b.

Hot, cold, boiling, windy.

c.

Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, photosynthesis.

d.

Hail , dew, frost, foam.

e.

Filtration, sedimentation, decantation, freezing.

63

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1.

2.

Differentiate between land breeze and sea breeze in the table given below.

Land Breeze

Sea Breeze

________________________

________________________

________________________

________________________

________________________

________________________

________________________

________________________

Complete the chart given below and briefly describe the process of the water cycle.

Water Cycle

2 1

3

____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

64

3.

Define the following. a. Weather: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ b. Atmosphere: _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

4.

Answer the following questions. a. How are the following precipitations formed? i. Dew: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ii. Hail: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ iii. Frost: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ iv. Snow: ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ b. List four ways to conserve water. i. ___________________________________________________________ ii. __________________________________________________________ iii. ___________________________________________________________ iv. ____________________________________________________________

65

c. Name a chemical that is commonly used to treat water and remove germs. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ d. Explain any one method of removing insoluble impurities. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

66

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1. Answer the following questions. a. One day Aayu’s father noticed that the water coming from the tap was not clean. He collected the water in a vessel and started boiling it. Why do you think he did that?

What are the other things he could have done to clean the water? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ b. Which type of breeze, sea breeze or land breeze, would you prefer to fly your kite?

Explain your choice. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ c. How does the sun play a role in the water cycle? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ d. Imagine you are walking to school early in the morning on a cold day. You cannot see anything clearly due to something that looks like white smoke. What is this white smoke-like thing actually is, and how is it formed? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

67

12

States of Matter WORKSHEET 1

LEVEL 1

1. Fill in the boxes with the correct states of matter.

2. Choose the correct options to fill in the blanks. a. Matter exists in three forms: liquid, gas and ___________. i. Water ii. Solid iii. Boiling iv. Vapours

68

b. The process of conversion of vapours into liquid is called ________. i. Evaporation ii. Condensation iii. Melting iv. Freezing c. Matter exists in _______ forms. i. Three ii. Two iii. Four iv. Five d. The process of conversion of liquid into solid is called ___________. i. Boiling ii. Melting iii. Freezing iv. Burning e. __________ has a definite shape. i. Liquid ii. Solid iii. Gas iv. Water

69

3. Colour the liquids blue.

4. State whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). a. The molecules join to form an atom. b. Liquids do not have a fixed shape, but they have a fixed volume. c. The molecules of solids are loosely packed. d. The process of a liquid changing into vapours is called melting. e. Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a liquid.

70

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2

1. Arrange the following in increasing order of the space between their molecules. a. Water, Sugar, Oxygen __________

__________

__________

b. Milk, Air, Table

__________

__________

__________

c. Smoke, Paper, Oil

__________

__________

__________

2. Look at the image given below and write the correct terms in the given space.

71

3. Fill in the blanks using the words given in the box.

Solubility,

Matter,

Molecules,

Solids,

Gas

a. _____________ has no definite shape and volume. b. The molecules in _____________ are packed tightly. c. The ability of any substance to dissolve in water is called _________. d. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called _____________. e. If we heat a liquid, the _____________ start to move around rapidly.

4. Write the changing states of matter.

a

c

b

d e a. __________________

d. __________________

b. __________________

e. __________________

c. __________________

72

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3

1. Answer the following questions. a. What is a solution? Explain solute and solvent. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ b. Write two properties each of solid, liquid and gas. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ c. Define the following terms. i. Evaporation ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ii. Condensation ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ iii. Sublimation ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 73

2. Write two examples each of melting and freezing.

Melting

74

Freezing

13

Force, Work, and Energy

WORKSHEET 1 LEVEL 1

1. Identify and write the forces involved in the following situations.

Gravitational Force Mechanical Force

Muscular Force Frictional Force

a.

b.

c.

d.

75

2.

Tick the correct answer. a. How many main types of simple machines exist? i. 4 ii. 6 iii. 8 iv. 10 b. The ability to do work is called ___________________. i. work ii. force iii. machines iv. energy c. Bottle opener is an example of a ___________________. i. wheel and axle ii. pulley iii. lever iv. wedge d. The tools that help us do our work more easily and quickly are called ___________________. i. machines ii. force iii. energy iv. work e. The Sun is a source of ___________________. i. electrical energy ii. solar energy iii. magnetic energy iv. heat energy

76

f. If a ball is thrown up, _____________ pulls it down. i. friction ii. force iii. gravity iv. energy

3.

Match the following.

Column A

Column B

Lifting an object

Wheel and axle

Rubbing hands

Levers

Steering wheels

Gravitational force

Knife

Muscular force

Falling objects

Wedge

Hammers

Frictional force

77

WORKSHEET 2 LEVEL 2 1.

Answer in one word. a. Which energy is generated from moving water? ___________________________________________________________ b. What type of force is applied to an unstretched rubber band? ___________________________________________________________ c. What is the energy stored in electrical appliances called? ___________________________________________________________ d. What is another name for ‘moving air’? ___________________________________________________________ e. Write the type of energy stored in magnets. ___________________________________________________________

2.

State whether the following statements are true or false. a. The energy which is caused by vibrations in or through an object is called heat energy. b. Force changes the direction of moving objects. c. A pulley is used to hold objects together securely. d. Frictional force tries to stop things from moving. e. A wedge is used to split things apart.

78

WORKSHEET 3 LEVEL 3 1.

Answer the following questions. a. What do you understand by machines? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ b. What is an axle? Give two examples. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ c. Name the main types of simple machines. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ d. What is energy? Write different forms of energy. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ e. What do you understand by work? Write two examples of work done in our daily life. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

79

f. What is light energy? Name two sources of light energy. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ g. Write two effects of force. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

2.

Draw the following.

a. Hammer

b. Screw

c. Knife

d. Bottle Opener

80