Common Materials and Densities

Note: The densities listed are average values and intended only as a guide for bucket selection. For a material that is not in the table, obtain its density value before selecting the appropriate bucket.

Direct and/or Indirect Visibility

Tested in accordance with ISO 5006: 2017.

The machine has been subjected to a static visibility assessment with the lift structure in a carry position or 200 mm (7-7/8 in.) above the ground.

The test simulates operator visibility from the operator’s position:

•The line of sight between the operator’s eye position and a point on the ground at a 12 m (472 in.) radius.

•On a rectangular boundary 1 m (39 in.) from the machine, 12 m (47 in.) above the ground.

•Masking was recorded as shown (Fig. 6), and is within the allowable limits in accordance with ISO 5006: 2017.

•The standard/test does not account for head movement or rotation, which can improve visibility and mitigate masking.

•During machine operation, the operator must continually survey all areas around the machine in all directions.

This diagram indicates the blind spot zone on the visibility test circle (radius = 12 m [47 ft.]) and the 1 m (39in.) rectangular zone around the machine.