TTMS - All Lesson Presentations

Teen Talk Group Norms

Well-Being

Everyone has a window of tolerance where we feel calm and grounded

Within this window we can focus, self-regulate, make decisions, and communicate effectively

Well-Being

Emotional triggers or heightened stress can activate the fight/flight or freeze responses…

Calming Strategies

1) Physical breaks

• Basic needs

• drinking water

• standing and stretching

• putting your head down

• Environment

• stepping outside

• walking to the bathroom

• visiting the counselor’s office

Well-Being

In moments of stress, calming strategies help us stay within or return to our window of tolerance

Calming Strategies

2) Mental breaks

• Focus tools

• fidget toys

• coloring pages

• doodling or drawing

• Grounding techniques

• find objects of one color

• 5-4-3-2-1 method

• breathing exercises

5 4 3 2 1

things you can see things you can touch things you can hear things you can smell

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Let’s Take a Moment to… breathe in breathe out

Anonymous Question Box

Everyone must turn in a question paper at the end of each lesson

No question? Write something you learned!

• Do not write your name* (or anyone else’s name)

• Do not take anything out of the Question Box (or read from anyone else’s question paper)

• Do not submit any personal questions (about peers or instructors)

Agenda

✔ Group Norms

✔ Teen Talk Logistics

❑ Intro Survey

❑ Values: Think About It

❑ Trusted Adults

❑ Clinics & Resources

❑ Closing Routine

Intro Survey

Answer the questions quietly on your own, and raise your hand when finished

The

Think About It values

the fundamental beliefs that guide and motivate our behavior and help us to prioritize what is important

Think About It

What are some examples of personal values?

Each of us sees the world through the lens of our own personal values system!

Think About It

What are some examples of personal values?

• Honesty

• Responsibility

• Generosity

• Inclusion

• Success

• Comfort

• Pleasure

• Safety

Think About It

Where do we get our personal values?

• Equality

• Gratitude

• Loyalty

• Independence

• Honesty

• Responsibility

• Generosity

• Inclusion

• Success

• Comfort

• Pleasure

• Safety

• Equality

• Gratitude

• Loyalty

• Independence

Think About It

parent(s)

SELF

Think About It personal values

society siblings

Think about whether you AGREE or DISAGREE with each statement and why

• There are no “right” or “wrong” answers –everyone has their own opinions and feelings

media school

(fundamental beliefs)

religion culture community experiences

friends trusted adults role models

family

• Remember our Group Norms –listen respectfully when peers are sharing

• Pick a side! – there is no “middle” option, but you can volunteer to explain yourself

Think About It

Agree

Disagree Social media is a good source of information and advice for young people.

Think About It

Agree

People should be in love before doing anything sexual together.

Disagree

Think About It

Agree

Disagree

Parents/guardians should talk with their kids about sex and relationships.

Think About It

Figuring out our personal values can be challenging…

…but they are especially relevant when making decisions about sex and relationships.

Trusted Adult Communication

Who are some trusted adults that a young person might turn to for guidance?

Examples of trusted adults may include:

• Parent, mom, dad, stepparent, grandparent, guardian, foster parent, friend’s parent

• Older sibling, cousin, aunt, uncle, family friend

• Mentor, coach, tutor, advisor, club leader

• Teacher, principal, aide, social worker

• Doctor, nurse, counselor, therapist

• Neighbor, caregiver, community leader

Trusted Adult Communication

What are some ways to start the conversation with a parent/guardian or trusted adult?

Trusted Adult Communication

• Timing is key – try when they are not busy or distracted

• Give a head’s up – let them know you would like to talk, ask them to set aside time later

• De-personalize sensitive topics – may help to talk about a friend or something in the media

• Start simple – work up to harder questions

• It’s OK to feel nervous –they probably do too!

Back in the Day (Interview HW)

• Choose a trusted adult in your life (age 18 or older) who you feel comfortable talking with

• Interview them – use the worksheet as a guide to ask questions, listen to their answers, then write a short reflection about your conversation

• After each “Talk,” ask them to sign the worksheet

• Talk #1 due: _________

• Talk #2 due: _________

• Talk #3 due: _________

Think About It

How do we know if we are getting credible or medically accurate information?

Clinics & Resources

Think About It

How do we know if we are getting credible or medically accurate information?

Consider the purpose and quality…

Turn to a trusted resource or expert!

Examples of Health Clinics

Planned Parenthood

Kaiser Teen Clinic*

many clinics now offer telehealth appointments

* members only

Teen Health Rights

Adult permission is NOT required – but we encourage talking with an adult that you trust!

Services are FREE and CONFIDENTIAL

For more information, check out: teenhealthrights.org

Teen Health Rights

• Legal access to sexual health services:

• Birth control, condoms, and emergency contraception

• Pregnancy testing, options counseling, abortion, and prenatal care

• STI testing and treatment (age 12 and older)

• All of these services can be FREE

• Schools must release students for these and other confidential medical services

Teen Talk Resources

Lesson 1 Wrap-Up

Looking Forward

Let’s Review!

• What did you learn about California laws today?

• What did you learn about your personal values?

• How many local clinics can we name as a class?

Next class…

Human Bodies

• Overview of all body systems

• Intro to sexual development

• Diagrams of pelvic anatomy (internal & external genitals)

• Discuss stages of reproduction (from conception to birth)

Self-Care Ideas:

Draw or build something

Take a walk or nap

Listen to music or a new podcast

Write a letter to a friend or relative

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Group Norms

Intro to Human Body Systems

Nervous System

brain, spinal cord, and nerves

• Brain (control center) sends signals to all other body systems

• Can activate our survival response (fight, flight, or freeze)

• Nerves transmit information to/from our surroundings

• Controls movement (voluntary & automatic)

• Perceives sensations (like pain & pleasure)

Endocrine System

hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, testes, ovaries…

• Produces hormones (chemical messengers) that influence other bodily functions:

• Regulating emotions

• Puberty changes

• Processes related to reproduction (ovulation, menstruation, sperm production)

Immune System

white blood cells, skin, lymph nodes, spleen…

• Heals the body and repairs damage from injury or illness

• Defends the body against harmful pathogens

• White blood cells attack and destroy germs to keep us healthy

Urinary System

kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

• Filters toxins from bloodstream

• Removes liquid waste (urine)

• Vulnerable to urinary tract infections (UTIs) and certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Digestive System

mouth, stomach, liver, intestines, rectum…

• Breaks down food to supply the body with energy

• Creates, stores, and removes solid waste (feces)

• Vulnerable to certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Reproductive System

uterus, ovaries, vagina, penis, testicles, prostate

• Enables sexual development, pleasure, and reproduction

• Hormones from the ovaries or testicles cause puberty changes

• Genitals contain nerve endings that contribute to orgasm

• Sperm and egg cells allow us to create new humans

Human Bodies

No matter what our body looks like… humans are more SIMILAR than we are different!

Sexual and Reproductive Systems

What to Expect

• Discussing and labeling diagrams of human pelvic anatomy (internal & external genitals)

• Using medical terms

• Language is not perfect!

• But it makes healthcare more accessible…

Well-Being

Be mindful of yourself and others!

• Avoid assumptions, hurtful comments, and judgmental reactions

• Do what you need to feel safe and grounded – remember to breathe!

Let’s Take a Moment to…

Sexual

Systems

❑

Sexual Development

Why doesn’t everyone have the same sexual & reproductive system?

Sexual reproduction enables the survival of our species

Sexual pleasure facilitates emotional regulation and bonding

Sexual Development

How do our bodies develop different sexual & reproductive systems?

Primary sex characteristics develop before birth

Secondary sex characteristics develop during puberty

Sexual Development

Some of our most significant biological differences are established before we leave the womb…

1) Sex determination: the body’s “blueprint” for development

Sexual Development

Some of our most significant biological differences are established before we leave the womb…

2) Sex differentiation: the process of developing physical traits

Sex Assigned at Birth

Categorization of a newborn’s sexual and reproductive biology (mostly based on their external anatomy)

Some bodies align with the medical definition of “female” or “male”…

…and some bodies differ from these expected patterns

Endosex Intersex

Sex Assigned at Birth

Undifferentiated

Intersex Surgery

Why do you think surgery on intersex babies is no longer recommended?

Intersex Surgery

Why do you think this practice is no longer recommended?

• Lack of informed consent

• Medically unnecessary

• Human rights violation

Sex Assigned at Birth

• NO two human bodies look and function exactly the same!

• There is significant diversity in human anatomy, even among bodies given the same label

• Appreciate and respect human bodies

• Our body systems interact and collaborate in incredibly complex ways to maintain our health and body functions

The Brain and Puberty

The Brain

Our brain is the most complex organ in the entire human body!

It regulates the way our body acts in social-emotional and sexual situations…

The Brain and Puberty

At puberty, the brain activates a flood of sex hormones that cause various physical, mental, and emotional changes

Puberty Changes

What are some common changes caused by estrogen and testosterone?

Puberty Changes

higher levels of estrogen

higher levels of testosterone

more breast tissue wider, more rounded hips

more body and facial hair deeper voice

Puberty Changes

gender-affirming hormone therapy can help to cause or prevent certain physical changes

more breast tissue wider, more rounded hips

more body and facial hair deeper voice

Puberty Changes

For most people, puberty is also when the body becomes fertile (able to get pregnant or get someone else pregnant)

Sexual & Reproductive Systems

Growth & Development

✔ Sexual Development

✔ The Brain and Puberty

Pelvic Anatomy

Remember

to BREATHE breathe in

Label each body part as we explore the anatomy diagrams together.

These are simple drawings of two common ways that human bodies may develop, often called the male body and the female body

Anatomy Terms

sperm cells

testicles

epididymis

vas deferens

seminal vesicles

prostate gland

Cowper’s glands

Sperm Cells

• Each sperm cell contains half the DNA needed to reproduce

• It’s one of the SMALLEST cells in the human body

Sperm Cells

urethra

bladder

penis

foreskin

scrotum

Anus

mons pubis

When do people start and stop making sperm?

sperm cell

• Roughly 525 billion sperm cells made in a lifetime!

sperm cell

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Anatomy Assigned Male

We’re going to see anatomy diagrams on the next slide

3… 2… 1…

Anatomy Assigned Male

Anatomy Assigned Male

Produces sperm cells and hormones (such as testosterone)

Anatomy Assigned Male

Holds the testicles and helps to regulate their temperature

Anatomy Assigned Male

Where sperm cells mature and gain the ability to move independently

Anatomy Assigned Male

“Sperm highway” tubes that sperm cells travel through

Anatomy Assigned Male

Anatomy Assigned Male

Makes

Anatomy Assigned Male

Anatomy Assigned Male

Besides semen, what 2 other body fluids come out of the urethra?

1) Semen (sperm cells + seminal fluid)

2) Urine (pee)

3) Pre-ejaculatory fluid (pre-cum)

Anatomy Assigned Male

Anatomy Assigned Male

Anatomy Assigned Male

Makes

Anatomy Assigned Male

The

Anatomy Assigned Male

Where

Anatomy Assigned Male

Where solid waste exits the body (contains many sensitive nerve endings)

Anatomy Assigned Male

A pouch of sensitive skin holding the testicles

scrotum

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Male

Helps to regulate the temperature of the testicles

scrotum

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Male

The part of the penis that fills with blood during an erection

scrotum shaft

What is the main function of the scrotum?

anus

anus

Anatomy Assigned Male

Loose skin that covers the glans penis (may be removed via circumcision)

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Male

mons pubis

Protects the front of the pelvis (pubic hair grows here)

foreskin

scrotum shaft

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

foreskin

scrotum shaft

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Genital Diversity

Growth & Development

✔ Sexual Development

✔ The Brain and Puberty

Pelvic Anatomy

❑ Internal ❑ External

Anatomy Terms

egg cells

ovaries

Fallopian tubes

uterus

endometrium

cervix

bladder

urethra

Egg Cells

vagina

vulva

hymen

inner labia

outer labia

clitoris

anus

mons pubis

egg cell

• Each egg cell contains half the DNA needed to reproduce

• It’s one of the LARGEST cells in the human body

• Roughly 1-2 million egg cells made in a lifetime!

Anatomy Assigned Female

Anatomy Assigned Female

We’re going to see anatomy diagrams on the next slide

3… 2… 1…

We’re going to see anatomy diagrams on the next slide

3… 2… 1…

Anatomy Assigned Female

Anatomy Assigned Female

Egg

Cells egg cell

When do people start and stop releasing eggs?

Ovulation begins during puberty and continues until menopause

Anatomy Assigned Female

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Anatomy Assigned Female

Anatomy Assigned Female

Period Products

Anatomy Assigned Female

Anatomy Assigned Female

Anatomy Assigned Female

Besides menstrual fluid, what 2 other body fluids come out of the vagina?

1) Menstrual fluid (period blood)

2) Discharge (vagina is self cleaning!)

3) Arousal fluid (lubrication)

Anatomy Assigned Female

Anatomy Assigned Female

Anatomy Assigned Female

Anatomy Assigned Female

What is the main function of the clitoris?

Anatomy Assigned Female

Remember to BREATHE breathe in breathe out

Anatomy Assigned Female

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Female

Where solid waste exits the body (contains many sensitive nerve endings)

Anatomy Assigned Female

Where menstrual fluid, discharge, and arousal fluid leave the body

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Female

Where urine (pee) leaves the body

vaginal opening

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Female

A thin piece of skin just inside the vaginal opening

urethral opening vaginal opening

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

urethral opening vaginal opening hymen

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Female

Folds of skin that help protect the sensitive openings (they swell when aroused)

Anatomy Assigned Female

Folds of skin that help protect the sensitive openings (they grow pubic hair)

urethral opening

vaginal opening

inner labia

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Female

External glans of the clitoris (contains thousands of sensitive nerve endings)

urethral opening

vaginal opening

inner labia

outer labia

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Female

Skin that covers the glans clitoris

clitoral hood clitoris

clitoris

urethral opening

vaginal opening

inner labia

outer labia

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Female

mons pubis

Protects the front of the pelvis (pubic hair grows here)

clitoral hood clitoris

urethral opening

vaginal opening

inner labia

outer labia

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

urethral opening vaginal opening

inner labia

outer labia

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Anatomy Assigned Female

mons pubis

vulva

External genitals (parts that are visible between the legs)

clitoral hood clitoris

urethral opening

vaginal opening

inner labia

outer labia

anus

Every human body is unique! Please do not compare your body to these drawings.

Genital Diversity

Sexual & Reproductive Systems Body Diversity

Growth & Development

✔ Sexual Development

✔ The Brain and Puberty

Pelvic Anatomy

✔ Internal

✔ External

Body Diversity

Every person’s body is unique to them

We all deserve to feel good in the body we have!

There may be social pressures for bodies to look a certain way or for people to use their bodies in certain ways…

These pressures can be misleading and unrealistic

Body Diversity

Every person’s body is unique to them

If our body parts aren’t working like they usually do, or if we are experiencing distress related to our body… talk with a medical provider.

Body Diversity

Anatomy Match-Up

Every person’s body is unique to them

It’s up to each person to care for their own body and to decide if, when, and how they want to use their body for sexual and/or reproductive purposes

Pregnancy “Ingredients”

What are the key elements or “ingredients” are needed to start and grow a pregnancy?

Using your diagrams and information about human bodies… match each body part with its description!

Human Reproduction

Pregnancy “Ingredients”

Three things must come together in the process of conception:

sperm cell egg cell uterus

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Conception

Ovulation

an egg cell is released from an ovary

Conception

Menstruation

most months, the egg cell breaks down and is released, but sometimes…

Conception

Fertilization

an egg cell joins together with a sperm cell

Conception

Fertilization

an egg cell joins together with a sperm cell

This process usually happens in one of the Fallopian tubes

Reproductive Assistance

Reproductive Assistance

IVF (in vitro fertilization) combining sperm and egg cells in a petri dish

IUI (intrauterine insemination)

inserting live sperm cells directly into a uterus

gestational surrogate

someone who carries a pregnancy for another person or family

sperm or egg donor

someone who donates their sex cells for other people use

Sometimes fertilization takes place in other ways...

Conception

Once the cell is fertilized, it usually travels down into the uterus

Implantation a fertilized cell attaches to the endometrium

Conception

They are now PREGNANT

Remember to BREATHE

breathe in breathe out

Pregnancy

How might a person know if they are pregnant?

Pregnancy

How might a person know if they are pregnant?

• Missing their period*

• Feeling nauseous, tired, bloated, etc. (sometimes called “morning sickness”)

• Taking a pregnancy test

Pregnancy

and Prenatal Care

What should a person do or avoid doing while pregnant?

Pregnancy and Prenatal Care

Prenatal Development

Health

Recommendations: AVOID:

• Prenatal vitamins (w/ folic acid)

• Regular light exercise (stretching, walks)

• Healthy, balanced diet and staying hydrated (cravings are common –talk with a medical provider!)

• Drinking alcohol, doing drugs, and inhaling smoke (including vape)

• Certain foods (like raw fish, unpasteurized cheeses, caffeine) and medications (like some antibiotics and acne treatments)

• Intense physical activities (like rollercoasters, contact sports, heavy lifting)

A full-term pregnancy is about 37-40 weeks (divided into three trimesters)

37 – 40 weeks

3 Months 3 Months 3 Months

Let’s learn a bit about what happens during each trimester…

1st Trimester

MONTH 1

• After conception, cells continue to divide and multiply rapidly

Placenta and umbilical cord begin to form

• Heart, brain, and spinal cord begin to form

MONTH 2

• Facial features (eyes, nose, mouth, ears) and limbs (arms, hands, legs, feet) begin developing

Sex differentiation begins

MONTH 3

• Heartbeat can be heard with a fetal Doppler (ultrasound device) Fingers and toes grow longer, nails appear, and fetus can form a fist

2nd Trimester

MONTH 4

Skin is thin and transparent

• Fetus is developing movement, like smiling and sucking its thumb

Twins may reach for each other

MONTH 5

Fetus may react to light and sound

• Hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes begin to appear

Ovaries stop forming new egg cells

MONTH 6

• Fetus can startle and hiccup

Senses of smell and taste are functional

• Possible to survive outside of the womb if born prematurely (after 24 weeks)

3rd Trimester

MONTH 7

• Skin, hair, and eyes develop color

• Eyelids can open and close

• Testicles may descend into the scrotum

MONTH 8

Tremendous brain growth

• Fetus may turn upside-down in preparation for birth

Most organs are fully developed

MONTH 9+

• Fetus gains about ½ a pound per week as body fat increases

• Lungs are finally mature

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The Birth Process

The Vaginal Birth Process

1) Contractions of the uterus and ab muscles

The Vaginal Birth Process

1) Contractions

2) Cervix dilates

3) Push out baby and placenta

Cesarean Birth Process

1) Anesthesia – epidural or spinal block

The Vaginal Birth Process

1) Contractions

2) Cervix dilates 10 centimeters

~4 inches

Cesarean Birth Process

If vaginal birth is not safe, not possible, or not desired… A Cesarean-section (C-section) may be performed

Cesarean Birth Process

1) Anesthesia

2) Two incisions

– first skin/muscle, then into uterus

Cesarean Birth Process

1) Anesthesia

2) Two incisions

3) Surgeon removes baby and placenta

Family Diversity

Remember, there are LOTS of ways to form a family…

Fetal Flipbook

Cut out all 12 pages…

Lesson 2 Wrap-Up

Let’s Review!

• Describe the path of a sperm cell as it leaves the body (during ejaculation)

• Describe the path of an egg cell as it leaves the body (during menstruation)

…then staple to make a flipbook!

• What is “sex assigned at birth”?

Looking Forward Identities

Next class…

• Reflect on our own personal identities

• Discuss the importance of intersectionality

• Explore the components of gender and attraction

Self-Care Ideas: See how many push-ups you can do in 1 minute

Read for pleasure Cook something for your family (try a new recipe!)

Intro to Identity identity

an inner sense of belonging to a particular group based on shared traits, beliefs, or experiences

Intro to Identity

Our unique identities shape our values, decisions, & experiences related to sex, relationships, and access to healthcare.

Step Up, Step Back

…like to read.

…play an instrument.

sport.

…like to play video games.

Step Forward

…like to make art.

…have been to a concert.

Step Forward If You…

Step Forward If You…

…celebrate a holiday that most of your friends do not celebrate. Step Forward

…have family in a different country.

If You…

…can speak more than one language.

Step Forward If You…

…know how to use public transit.

Step Forward If You…

…know what career you want in the future.

Step Forward If You…

…like pineapple on pizza.

Reflection & Discussion

…have a pet

…have any siblings.

…like to cook or bake.

…like to read.

…play an instrument.

…play a sport.

…like to play video games.

…like to make art.

…have been to a concert.

What did you observe or think about doing this activity?

…have family in a different country.

…celebrate a holiday that most of your friends do not celebrate.

…can speak more than one language.

…can swim.

…know how to use public transit.

…know what career you want in the future.

…like pineapple on pizza.

Identities and Experiences

We are more than one thing…

we exist at the intersection of many different identities at the same time!

This is called INTERSECTIONALITY

Identities and Experiences

Privilege

social advantages or opportunities distributed unequally based on historical power

Identities and Experiences Discrimination the unfair treatment of a person or group based on bias towards their identity

Intersectionality 101

What examples of discrimination did we see in the video?

Intersectionality 101

Why might Greta not have to think about her identities or intersectionality?

Intersectionality 101

Being an Ally

When someone notices a situation involving discrimination

How might Jerry, Fatimah, and Greta’s experiences affect their confidence accessing sexual health services?

A bystander chooses not to get involved or say anything.

• The more people who witness the event, the less each person feels the need to act (“bystander effect”)

Being an Ally

We ALL have a RESPONSIBILITY to look out for each other and stand up against discrimination to create a world based on respect, kindness, and equality for all people.

An UPSTANDER chooses to speak up in support of others by:

• Calling out injustice

• Elevating the voices of those who are disempowered

Gender and Sexuality

Language Note

• The use of language here is purposeful, but other people may use language differently

• For example, sometimes people use “female” or “male” to refer to their gender identity

• This presentation does not include every gender and sexual identity

• Feel free to ask questions or share what you know about these or other identities!

The Gender Galaxy

Gender Identity

Binary = a system with two options woman and man are traditionally seen as binary (mutually exclusive)

Binary Genders: Non-binary Genders: genderfluid, genderqueer, agender, etc.

Gender Identity

Gender Identity

cisgender transgender

describes people whose gender identity matches the gender they were labeled at birth

describes people whose gender identity does not match the gender they were labeled at birth

These are adjectives used to describe the relationship between a person’s gender identity and what they were called as a baby

Sex Assigned at Birth

Sex Assigned at Birth

What does it mean to be intersex?

Sex Assigned at Birth

What does it mean to be intersex?

Born with unique traits that don’t fit the medical definition of “male” or “female”

this can include any combination of pelvic anatomy, hormones, and/or DNA

Sex Assigned at Birth

Gender Expression

Expectations about how people “should” look and act based on their gender are often rooted in stereotypes…

They are also culturally specific and shift over time

Gender Expression

Assumptions made about groups of people that do not apply to every member

What might happen when someone looks, dresses, or acts in a way that is different than what society expects?

Gender Expression

What might happen when someone looks, dresses, or acts in a way that is different than what society expects?

We all just want to be ourselves!

Discussion Question

In the video, Audrey states that their gender is “dynamic.”

What does it mean for someone’s gender to be dynamic?

“Toilets, Bowties, Gender and Me”

Discussion Question

In the video, Audrey states that their gender is “dynamic.”

It’s possible for gender to be fluid, and a person’s experience of gender may evolve throughout their life.

There is no “wrong” way to experience your own gender!

Gender Dysphoria

An intense discomfort related to:

• A disconnect between body and identity

• Being unable to express oneself in a way that feels comfortable or affirming

• Being misgendered (when gender is incorrectly assumed based on body parts or appearance)

NOTE: intentionally misgendering someone is sexual harassment

Source: TEDxAdelaide (2018) – Audrey Mason-Hyde (they/them)

Transitioning

Some trans and nonbinary people pursue various aspects of transition:

• Social – changing pronouns, name, and/or gender expression

• Legal – updating official documents

• Medical – hormones, “blockers,” surgery

Body & Medical Transition

Why might some trans and nonbinary people choose not to medically transition?

• Access

• Cost

Remember…

Our body is our own and we do not owe anyone information about our private medical choices.

It is not appropriate to ask a trans person (or any person) about their private body parts.

• Safety

• Don’t want to

Gender Euphoria the

experience of comfort and joy in one’s gender

Two-Spirit Galaxy

Two-Spirit (American Indian)

Around the World…

Nonbinary gender & sexual identities have existed throughout history in many different cultures:

Māhū (Native Hawaiian)

While stars

The Sexuality Galaxy

Source: Bay Area American Indian Two-Spirits (BAAITS)

Source: Rachel Souerbry via Ranker (2020)

may appear fixed against the night sky, we know that they are growing, changing, and evolving… just like us!

Attraction

Feelings of interest, intimacy, or desire towards other people

These feelings can be romantic, sexual, both or neither!

Sexual Attraction

Identity is a Journey

Most people go through a gradual process of figuring out who they are and how they identify.

• No rush to understand or label all parts of our gender and sexuality

• No pressure to tell people about our identities

Final Thoughts

How can we practice respect for all people in our everyday life?

Final Thoughts

always be kind

notice feeling defensive

Positivity Posters

don’t judge use inclusive language

RESPECT

listen openly don’t assume use everyone’s correct pronouns

don’t label others

Create a poster to inspire and empower other people!

They will be displayed around campus to spread positivity in our community

Positivity Posters

• Topic: Choose a topic from the list on the following slide. If you have another topic in mind, get it approved first!

• Design: Posters can be made on paper or a computer. Think about color, graphics, and text size – these should be visible & attention grabbing!

• Content: Make sure you understand your topic! Include a catchphrase, inspirational quote, or motivational phrase. Add tips to help people practice or be mindful of the topic.

Our goal here is respect and inclusivity!

Positivity Poster Topics

Acceptance – Keep an Open Mind

Accessibility – Empower Every Body

Advocacy – Your Voice Matters

Allyship – Stand Up, Stand Together

Community – We Are Stronger Together

Empathy – Put Yourself in Their Shoes

Growth Mindset – Stay Curious

Intersectionality – Celebrate Diversity

Kindness – It Costs Nothing to Be Kind

Pride – Be Proud to Be You

Need inspiration or have your own idea for a topic?

Come talk to me!

Respect – Treat Others How THEY Want to Be Treated

Safe Spaces – All Are Welcome Here

What I Know About SOGIE

Sexual Orientation

Gender Identity & Expression

Why use the term SOGIE instead of LGBTQ+?

What I Know About SOGIE

What I Know About SOGIE

Why use the term SOGIE instead of LGBTQ+?

EVERYONE has a Sexual Orientation, a Gender Identity & a way that they Express themselves

What I Know About SOGIE

1) High heels were originally designed for men.

2) Everyone uses either she/her, he/him, or they/them pronouns.

3) Some trans people do not want gender-affirming surgery and/or hormone therapy.

4) More than 1 in 5 young adults (ages 18-24) identify as LGBTQ+.

5) People who are bisexual are 50% gay and 50% straight.

6) Children of gay, lesbian, and bisexual adults are more likely to identify as gay.

What I Know About SOGIE

7) It is obvious someone is gay or trans by the way they dress, look, or talk.

8) Some asexual people want a romantic and/or sexual relationship.

9) A person may have sexual thoughts or fantasies about someone of the same gender even if they are heterosexual.

10) People choose the gender(s) they are attracted to.

11) Coming out is an ongoing experience of communicating one’s gender and/or sexual identity.

12) Being an ally means supporting another group’s ongoing effort for equal rights and fair treatment.

Lesson 3 Wrap-Up

Let’s Review!

• Why is it important to think about intersectionality?

• What is the difference between gender identity and gender expression?

• How can we make our school a safer place for all?

Looking Forward Consent & Intimacy

Next class…

• Explore affirmative consent, boundaries, and sexual decision-making

• Discuss sexual behaviors, including whether they can lead to pregnancy and/or infection

Self-Care Ideas:

FaceTime a friend

Choreograph a dance to your favorite song

Organize something

Take a bubble bath

Welcome to Teen Talk

Lesson 4: Consent & Intimacy

If you could only eat one type of food forever, what would it be?

Group Norms

Calming Strategies breathe in breathe out

Agenda

✓ Opening Routine

❑ Intro to Boundaries

❑ Exploring Consent

❑ ACCEPT Model

❑ I-Spy Consent Scenarios

❑ Sexual Behaviors Tree

❑ Closing Routine

Boundaries

What is a boundary?

Boundaries

What is a boundary?

A limit, rule, or preference defining what is or is not acceptable

Boundaries

What are two things you’ve recently asked permission for?

Boundaries

What are two things you’ve recently asked permission for?

• Borrowing something (like a pencil)

• Giving someone a hug

• Sharing food

• Going over to a friend’s house

• Sharing private information

• Posting a photo of a friend online

Boundaries

Honoring a “no” shows respect for a person’s autonomy

– their right to decide what happens to them

Setting healthy boundaries gives people agency

– the ability to act in ways that protect their needs, wants, goals, and values

Boundaries

What are two things you’ve recently asked permission for?

• If you’ve asked someone’s permission, then you’ve had a consent conversation!

• We practice consent every day – it’s simply asking for permission and respecting the answer

Exploring Consent

How does someone know if they have consent?

Exploring Consent is permission or a mutual agreement about what is going to happen

Exploring Consent

consent

Consent & Intimacy

Intimacy is behavior that brings someone closer to another person

Consent & Intimacy

Intimacy is behavior that brings someone closer to another person

Consent is especially important in situations that involve sexual intimacy

Legal Consent

What is the legal age of sexual consent in California?

Legal Consent

Everyone involved is 18 or older (in CA)

Everyone involved is sober (not drunk or high)

Everyone involved clearly agrees (“Yes!”)

Source: Gloucestershire OPCC

Affirmative Consent

Only

This means sexual contact cannot even begin until everyone involved understands what is going to happen and voluntarily agrees.

Brain-Body Connection

All mammals have automatic survival responses that help us stay safe:

“fight–flight–freeze”

Brain-Body Connection

The freeze response is especially common when someone:

• Experiences sexual contact that they don’t want

• Feels that they can’t or shouldn’t say “no” in a situation

Remember…

Silence is not consent.

Affirmative consent protects our sexual agency and helps ensures that our body’s automatic responses are not misunderstood by others.

The ACCEPT Model

– Active

What Does Consent Sound Like?

– a free Choice

– Continual

– based on Equal Power

– Precise

– Transparent

“

yes means yes”

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Active:

There are many different ways to say “yes!”

sure,

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Active:

There are many different ways to say “yes!” I’m down.

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Active:

There are many different ways to say “yes!”

OMG Yassss!

What Does Consent Sound Like?

a Choice:

Offering an alternative option can reduce pressure and give space to say “no.”

Do you want to go to that party tonight? Or did you want to hang just us?

What Does Consent Sound Like?

a Choice:

I heard they’re gonna have alcohol there… I’d rather not go.

Offering an alternative option can reduce pressure and give space to say “no.”

Do you want to go to that party tonight?

Or did you want to hang just us?

What Does Consent Sound Like?

a Choice: Mmmmm let’s hang just us.

Offering an alternative option can reduce pressure and give space to say “no.”

Do you want to go to that party tonight?

Or did you want to hang just us?

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Continual:

Checking in helps us stay aware of shifting comfort levels and boundaries. People may change their mind – and that’s OK! Do

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Checking in helps us stay aware of shifting comfort levels and boundaries. People may change their mind – and that’s OK! Do

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Checking in helps us stay aware of shifting comfort levels and boundaries. People may change their mind – and that’s OK! Do

What Does Consent Sound Like?

It’s never OK to take advantage of someone in a vulnerable position – everyone must be safe, sober, and able to consent.

What Does Consent Sound Like?

based on Equal Power:

I’ve had a few…

It’s never OK to take advantage of someone in a vulnerable position – everyone must be safe, sober, and able to consent.

How about another time… can I get your number?

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Precise: A person should be clear about what they are asking someone to consent to.

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Precise:

A person should

about what they are asking someone to consent to.

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Transparent:

What Does Consent Sound Like? The ACCEPT Model – Active

a Choice – Continual – based on Equal Power – Precise – Transparent

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Notice that consent conversations don’t have to be formal…

Ask in a way that feels natural, like any other question:

What Does Consent Sound Like?

…and communication is not only verbal

I really want to kiss you…

Would it be cool if…? I’d like to hold your hand…

Are you down to…?

It may also sound like a statement (and waiting for a response)

• Words (or silence)

• Tone

• Facial expressions

• Body language

Practicing ACCEPT helps partners decide what kinds of intimacy they both want to engage in without pushing anyone’s boundaries.

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Respectful negotiation can also be helpful in consent conversations…

“No” is an acceptable answer!

…but sometimes asking follow-up questions or making suggestions can help find a compromise that feels good for everyone ☺

I-Spy Consent Scenarios

I-Spy Consent Scenarios

1. Read through the scenario.

2. Think about the different components of consent.

3. Decide if there was consent.

I-Spy Consent Scenario #1

I-Spy Consent Scenario #2

asked him out. Darius said “ because was that if he turned them down.

Darius is in college and just completed a class on coding. At the end of the semester, the professor asked him out. Darius said “yes” because he was worried that he would get a bad grade if he turned them down.

Was that consensual? Why or why not?

Maya and Jaime always eat lunch together. Maya usually shares her fries with Jaime. Jaime reaches over to take some fries from Maya’s plate.

Was that consensual? Why or why not?

her

I-Spy Consent Scenario #3

Katie texted her best friend Arjun to see if it was okay to post the photo of them from the night before. Arjun replied to the text with a ‘thumbs up’ emoji.

to see of ReviewOnly

I-Spy Consent Scenario #4

I-Spy Consent Scenario #5

Out of

Bowen and Tai are best friends. Out of nowhere, last night as they were watching a movie, Tai kissed Bowen.

Was that consensual? Why or why not?

I-Spy Consent Scenario #6

Sawyer and Jett have been dating for three weeks. Last night at a school dance, Sawyer asked Jett to slow dance. Jett smiled and said, “I would like that.”

asked Jett to slow dance. Jett smiled

Was that consensual? Why or why not?

Over the weekend, Aziz and Raquel hooked up at a party. Aziz was sober, but Raquel had been drinking.*

had been

Was that consensual? Why or why not?

Remember…

It’s OK to feel awkward or nervous! The ACCEPT model is all about communicating effectively and respecting boundaries

Consent conversations get easier the more we practice…

* Remember: The legal age to drink alcohol is 21

personal

motivations that guide decision-making

Sexual Decision-Making

Sexual Decision-Making

What personal values might influence decisions about sex?

What personal values might influence decisions about sex?

• Commitment

• Loyalty

• Faith

• Purity

Sexual Decision-Making

• Curiosity

• Experience

• Pleasure

• Fun

What external factors might influence decisions about sex?

• Connection

• Romance

• Health

• Safety

Sexual Decision-Making

What external factors might influence decisions about sex?

• Desire to “fit in,” be popular, or be liked

• Peer or partner pressure

• Unrealistic expectations from the media

Sexual Decision-Making

What external factors might influence decisions about sex?

these can affect our sense of agency

• Desire to “fit in,” be popular, or be liked

• Peer or partner pressure

• Unrealistic expectations from the media

personal motivations that guide decision-making

Sexual Decision-Making

interpersonal elements that support healthy sexual relationships

What might partners communicate about before having sex?

Sexual Decision-Making

What might partners communicate about before having sex?

• Comfort with and interest in different sexual behaviors

• How sex might affect them socially or emotionally

• Values and preferences if sex were to lead to a pregnancy or infection

interpersonal elements that support healthy sexual relationships

Why is consent at the center of the tree?

Remember to BREATHE

breathe in

masturbation

breathe out

is when a person touches their own body (usually their genitals) in a way that feels good to them

hand-to-genital contact

is when a person touches their partner’s penis, vulva, or anus with their hand

genital-to-genital contact

is when a person touches their partner’s penis, vulva, or anus with their genitals

oral sex

is when a person touches their partner’s penis, vulva, or anus with their mouth

anal sex

is when a person inserts their penis into their partner’s anus

vaginal sex

is when a person inserts their penis into their partner’s vagina

What is an STI?

Sexually Transmitted Infection

An infection typically passed through sex – from contact with infected skin or fluids from the vagina, anus, or penis

If a person has an STI, which sexual behaviors can transmit STIs?

unlikely…

If a person has an STI, which sexual behaviors can transmit STIs?

YES!

If a person has an STI, which sexual behaviors can transmit STIs? YES!

If a person has an STI, which sexual behaviors can transmit STIs?

If a person has an STI, which sexual behaviors can transmit STIs? YES!

YES!

If a person has an STI, which sexual behaviors can transmit STIs?

If a person has an STI, which sexual behaviors can transmit STIs?

Pregnancy “Ingredients”

Three things must come together in the process of conception:

sperm cell egg cell uterus

If partners have these “ingredients,” which sexual behaviors can lead to pregnancy?

If partners have these “ingredients,” which sexual behaviors can lead to pregnancy?

If partners have these “ingredients,” which sexual behaviors can lead to pregnancy? unlikely…

If partners have these “ingredients,” which sexual behaviors can lead to pregnancy?

If partners have these “ingredients,” which sexual behaviors can lead to pregnancy?

unlikely…

If partners have these “ingredients,” which sexual behaviors can lead to pregnancy?

If partners have these “ingredients,” which sexual behaviors can lead to pregnancy?

What is the most effective way to avoid STIs and/or unintended pregnancy?

Data Shows… 10%

How many high school students in California have had sex?

abstinence

means not engaging in ANY sexual behaviors with a partner

Data Shows…

Only about 1 in 4 high schoolers (28%) report that they have had sex

Data Shows…

Less than 1 in 20 middle schoolers (4.9%)* report that they have had sex

Language Note

Whether or not a person considers themself to have had sex (or to be a “virgin”) depends on their definition of “sex”

There is NO universal definition – it’s usually based on personal values, identities, and boundaries.

Brainstorm & Reflect

Brainstorm & Reflect

“I’m not ready to have sex. It feels too risky.”

“I really like you, but I’d rather be intimate in other ways.”

Lesson 4 Wrap-Up

Let’s Review!

• What is sexual agency and why is it important?

• What does the ACCEPT model stand for?

• What is the most effective way to prevent pregnancy and/or STIS?

holding hands going on dates spending quality time together

love notes

“I’m waiting until marriage to have sex.” cuddling

“I don’t do that.”

Looking Forward

Next class…

Birth Control

• Explore different methods of birth control and how they work

• Pop Quiz! game to review key information about birth control

compliments gifts

thoughtful gestures kissing

Self-Care Ideas:

Go for a nature hike

List your favorite [foods, books, etc.]

Host a game night

Color in a coloring book

Methods of preventing a pregnancy

…also known as contraception (preventing conception)

Pregnancy “Ingredients”

Three things must come together in the process of conception:

Uses for Contraception

Why might someone use contraception for reasons other than preventing pregnancy?

Uses for Contraception

Why might someone use contraception for reasons other than preventing pregnancy?

• Period symptoms

• Hormone-related acne or migraines

• Regulating or skipping periods

• Gender alignment

• STI prevention

Intro to Contraception

There are many different options because people have many different needs, wants, and uses for birth control…

Don’t make assumptions about people based on their choices!

Birth Control Brainstorm

How many birth control methods

can we name as a class?

Birth Control Basics

Birth Control Methods

Non-Hormonal Hormonal

pill patch ring shot implant hormonal IUD emergency contraception

condoms

cervical barriers

contraceptive gels

copper IUD

NOT having sex (abstinence)

“pulling out” (withdrawal method)

*cycle tracking (fertility awareness)

*surgery (vasectomy or tubal ligation)

Birth Control Methods

Non-Hormonal Hormonal

Pregnancy “Ingredients”

egg cell (ovulation)

sperm cell (fertilization) uterus (implantation)

Birth Control Methods

Non-Hormonal Hormonal

May prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus, and/or thin endometrium

egg cell (ovulation)

uterus (implantation)

Attempts to prevent sperm cells from reaching an egg cell (may block or deactivate sperm)

sperm cell (fertilization)

Birth Control Methods

What is the most effective way to prevent pregnancy?

Abstinence!

Not having sex is the ONLY method that is 100% effective at preventing pregnancy!

Hormonal Methods

• Only for people assigned female at birth

• Available for FREE at most health clinics (with Family PACT)

• Requires a prescription* and/or appointment with a medical provider

Hormonal Methods

Effectiveness

Why do you think there is a range of effectiveness?

Hormonal Methods

Hormonal Methods

Typical

Some have more room for mistakes!

Hormonal Methods

Hormonal Methods

#PeriodsOptional

Some people struggle with heavy bleeding, painful cramps, irregular cycles, or gender dysphoria related to their period…

The pill, patch, and ring give users more CONTROL over their cycle!

These methods can be used to regulate or skip periods

Everyone’s body is different – talk with a medical provider if you are curious to learn more!

Hormonal Methods

Hormonal Methods

Hormonal Methods

Hormonal Methods

Emergency Contraception

EC pill

✓ Most brands are available to buy over-the-counter or FREE at local health clinics

• NO age or gender restrictions

• “ella” is the only type that requires a prescription

Emergency Contraception

In addition to the EC pill

…some IUDs can also be effective as emergency contraception if inserted within 5 days after sex

✓ Take ASAP (no more than 3-5 days) after unprotected sex

✓ Effectiveness is based on timing and weight of the user

✓ Not designed for ongoing use

Non-Hormonal Methods

✓ Over 99% effective

✓ This long-term birth control is effective for 10+ years

✓ Copper ions deactivate sperm cells

✓ Must be inserted/removed by a medical provider

copper IUD

Non-Hormonal Methods

Contraceptive gels:

→ spermicide

→ Phexxi (Rx)

Cervical barriers:

→ diaphragm (Rx)

→ cervical cap (Rx)

→ sponge

Non-Hormonal Methods

Spermicide can be combined with any other method!

✓ Insert into the vagina before sex

✓ NO hormones

✓ Does NOT prevent STIs

Non-Hormonal Methods

The withdrawal method (also called “pulling out”)

✓ Requires removing the penis from the vagina or anus before ejaculating

✓ About 78% effective on average…

✓

✓

✓

✓

82

Non-Hormonal Methods

The withdrawal method (also called “pulling out”)

Why is this method less effective than most others?

Non-Hormonal Methods STI Prevention

The withdrawal method (also called “pulling out”)

→ Some sperm may be released with pre-ejaculatory fluid

→ Timing can be a challenge

→ Does NOT prevent STIs

Which birth control methods ALSO help prevent STIs?

STI Prevention

Which birth control methods ALSO help prevent STIs

Combining Methods

If choosing to have sex and pregnancy is possible, COMBINE…

(1) condom and (1) other method for extra protection! (prevents pregnancy & STIs)

Possible Side Effects

Any product we use or consume – including all types of contraception –may have side effects (desired or undesired)

Everyone’s body is different – talk with a medical provider if considering using birth control

Accessing Services

Things that can help someone feel more comfortable going to a clinic:

✓ Knowing your rights

✓ Choosing your provider

→ Local and youth-friendly

→ Accepts Family PACT

→ Provides inclusive medical care

✓ Preparing for your visit

→ Connect with your support system

→ Write down any questions and concerns beforehand

Let’s Take a Moment to… breathe in breathe out

Birth Control

Pop-Up Quiz!

Does this method prevent STIs?

This game is meant to review all the birth control methods we have learned about…

✓ Find a partner and sit next to them: the person sitting on the right represents “YES” and the person sitting on the left represents “NO.”

✓ As we go through each question and method, whoever is representing the correct answer should “pop up” from their seat

pill

YES NO

Does this method prevent STIs?

internal condom

YES NO

Does this method prevent STIs?

cervical barrier

YES NO

Does this method prevent STIs? YES NO

not having sex

withdrawal ReviewOnly

Can it be used to skip periods? YES NO

IUD

Can it be used to skip periods?

shot

Can it be used to skip periods?

pill

Can it be used to skip periods? YES NO

ring

Can it be used to skip periods?

implant

Is this method hormonal?

Can a person w/ testicles use it? YES NO

cervical barrier

Can a person w/ testicles use it? YES NO

external condom

not having sex

Can a person w/ testicles use it? YES NO

Can it prevent pregnancy after sex? YES NO

implant

Can it prevent pregnancy after sex? YES NO

contraceptive gel

EC pill ReviewOnly

Does it require a prescription? YES NO

EC pill ella does… …all other brands do not

Can it last for a year or more? YES NO

IUD

Can it last for a year or more? YES NO

pill

Can it last for a year or more? YES NO

not having sex ReviewOnly

implant

internal + external condom

Can these be used together? YES NO

Can these be used together? YES NO

IUD + condom

pill + withdrawal

Can these be used together? YES NO

Can these be used together? YES NO

shot + patch

contraceptive gel + cervical barrier

Can these be used together? YES NO

Lesson 5 Wrap-Up

Let’s Review!

• Which types of birth control can be combined for more effective protection?

• How can partners share responsibility for preventing unintended pregnancy?

• Why else might a person use contraception?

Looking Forward

Next class…

Pregnancy Options

• Discuss the four safe & legal pregnancy options in CA (abortion, adoption, parenting, and Safe Surrender)

• Review what we know about conception, pregnancy, prenatal care, and the law

Self-Care Ideas: Make up a new game or sport with a friend or sibling

Have a spa night

Send someone you love a card or care package

Intro to Repro Justice

reproductive justice

the human right to decide if and when one has a child, including the right to raise that child in a safe and healthy community

Intro to Repro Justice

Historically, reproductive rights have been limited…

Certain groups – like people of color and people with disabilities – have been targeted with unjust practices to prevent them from reproducing.

Intro to Repro Justice

Historically, reproductive rights have been limited…

People have been subjected to unethical medical trials, such as being pressured into using birth control

…and unnecessary medical procedures, including sterilization surgeries without consent

Intro to Repro Justice

Historically, reproductive rights have been limited…

Still today, laws that restrict reproductive decision-making have especially significant impacts on women of color and people with lower incomes.

Intro to Repro Justice

Reproductive Choices

Due to shifting values, goals, and circumstances, views on pregnancy and parenting may or may not change over time…

Some folks might choose to:

• Become a parent (via pregnancy, adoption, or fostering)

• Contribute to other families (via surrogacy or cell donation)

• Remain child-free & cultivate kinship with others (partners, pets, chosen family, etc.)

Everyone deserves the RIGHT to make their own choices about their body and reproduction!

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

Pregnancy Options

All these options are legally available to people of all ages in California.

Teens who are pregnant do not need permission to choose any of these options… but it can help to talk with trusted adults for support with decision-making.

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

• Typically done within the first 10 weeks of pregnancy

• Procedural abortion

• Typically done within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy (but legal up to 24 weeks in CA)

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the Pregnancy

Adoption

Parenting

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

It is important to engage in prenatal care throughout the pregnancy

What are some things that pregnant people should and shouldn’t do?

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the Pregnancy

Adoption

Parenting

It helps to make a birth plan before going into labor…

What are some things that might be part of a birth plan?

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the Pregnancy Adoption

• Open adoption

Relinquishing legal rights and responsibilities as guardian

• First (biological) and adoptive parent(s) can know each other’s identity, may agree to remain in contact

• Closed adoption

• No identifying information is shared between them

If choosing to… Continue the Pregnancy

Adoption

Parenting

It is important to engage in prenatal care throughout the pregnancy

• DOs: prenatal vitamins, balanced diet, hydration, regular light exercise, plenty of rest, etc.

• DON’Ts: alcohol, drugs, smoke, vape, certain foods & medications, intense physical activity, etc.

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the Pregnancy

Adoption

Parenting

It helps to make a birth plan before going into labor…

• Care team: finding medical professionals to help with delivery and/or support professionals to help during and after delivery

• Support system: partner, family, friends, etc.

• Labor & delivery: getting mentally and physical prepared, choosing a location, considering pain management options, etc.

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the Pregnancy Adoption

Relinquishing legal rights and responsibilities as guardian

The vast majority of adoptions in the U.S. are open or semi-open

Which type of adoption do you think is more common?

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the

• Choices about the child’s health & well-being: feeding, safe living arrangements, medical care, etc.

• Balancing responsibilities: caring for dependents, household chores, continuing education, etc.

• Support & self-care as a new parent: personal care, childcare, financial support, emotional support, etc.

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the

Raising a child as their legal guardian

What does a person need to think about or plan for when becoming a parent?

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

Once a person knows they are pregnant…

If choosing to… Continue the

• 3 Days

• A newborn can be safely relinquished within 72 hours at a designated site

• 14 Days

• A parent/guardian has 2 weeks to reclaim the baby

Pregnancy Options

Which of these options do you think is most common for teenagers who become pregnant?

Pregnancy Options

Pregnancy Options Resources

Pregnancy Options

Why

Pregnancy Puzzles

Let’s review what we know about conception, pregnancy, and pregnancy options!

Pregnancy Puzzles

Each person will get a puzzle piece with half of a sentence on it…

1. Find the person with the piece that completes your sentence

2. Stand with your match to form a large circle around the room

Lesson 6 Wrap-Up

Let’s Review!

• What does reproductive justice mean?

• What is prenatal care?

• Who (or where) might a pregnant person go to for support or advice in making their decision?

Looking Forward STIs

Next class…

• Explore the most common curable & treatable STIs

• Play a choose-your-ownadventure story game

• Discuss STI prevention with a condom demonstration!

Self-Care Ideas: Work out to your favorite playlist

Take a hot shower Gaze at the clouds or stars

Create a self-portrait

Welcome to Teen Talk

What

Group Norms

Calming Strategies

What are some ways that we reduce risk in everyday life?

Intro to Harm Reduction

What are some ways that we reduce risk in everyday life?

Behaviors that contain risk:

• crossing the street

• driving a car

• riding a bike

• being in the sun

• baking cookies

Ways people reduce risk:

• looking both ways

• wearing a seatbelt

• wearing a helmet

• putting on sunscreen

• using oven mitts

Intro to Harm Reduction

Partnered sexual behaviors have an inherent potential for harm…

To minimize risks of sexual harm, people may:

• Limit their number of sexual partners

• Only have sex within a committed relationship, such as marriage

• Avoid sexual contact entirely (abstinence)

Intro to Harm Reduction

Risk is a part of life

but we each have the right to make decisions about our own body and anything that affects our health.

The goal is not to eliminate all risk but to be aware and make choices that consider personal and community safety.

Intro to Harm Reduction

Partnered sexual behaviors have an inherent potential for harm… safer sex practices involve proactive communication about personal and relationship boundaries, including a plan to prevent STIs

We

ALL makes mistakes and everyone deserves respect & dignity regardless of their STI status.

All About STIs

Sexually

Transmitted

Infection

STIs are infections commonly passed through sexual behaviors

STI Transmission

STIs are mostly passed through sexual contact with a person who already has an STI…

vaginal sex

anal sex

oral sex

STI Transmission

…either from contact with infected skin or sexual fluids:

semen

pre-ejaculate

vaginal fluid

rectal fluid

STI Transmission

genital skin-to-skin contact (even without penetration)

All About STIs

Who can get an STI?

SOME can also be passed through infected blood or other behaviors…

• Sharing needles or injection equipment

• Sharing personal items (razors, toothbrushes, clothing, bedding, towels, etc.)

• Physical fighting

• Pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding

All About STIs

ANYONE can get an STI

All About STIs

How might someone know if they have an STI?

Signs & Symptoms

pain or itching around private parts unusual discharge something looks or feels different (blisters, warts, sores)

burning sensation when peeing

Signs & Symptoms

If left untreated…some STIs can cause long-term damage to the body, such as cancer or infertility

This means being unable to get pregnant or get someone pregnant

Signs & Symptoms

The most common sign is NONE! Most STIs can be asymptomatic for some time

A person may look and feel healthy but they could still have an STI and not know it

All About STIs

Where could someone get tested for STIs in this area?

This is why it’s so important to get tested!

Examples of Health Clinics

Planned Parenthood

Kaiser Teen Clinic*

In CA, testing is FREE with Family PACT!

* members only

All About STIs

chlamydia

gonorrhea

syphilis

trichomoniasis

pubic lice

All About STIs

Curable Treatable

chlamydia

gonorrhea

syphilis

trichomoniasis

pubic lice

herpes hepatitis B

HPV HIV/AIDS

All About STIs Curable

The infection can be eliminated (cured) from the body with medication

Caused by bacteria or other pathogens (insects, protozoa)

herpes hepatitis B

HPV

HIV/AIDS

Quick Facts About HIV

The infection can be managed (treated) with medication, but not cured

Caused by viruses

Some even have vaccines!

Human

Immunodeficiency

Virus

Acquired

Immune

Deficiency

Syndrome

When the immune system is extremely weak from HIV, a person may be diagnosed with AIDS

Fluids that Transmit HIV blood breast milk

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) rectal fluid

semen pre-ejaculate vaginal fluid

These are the ONLY body fluids that can carry HIV…

Ways HIV is not Transmitted

sharing food or drinks

kissing, hugging, shaking hands

using the same bathroom

urine, sweat, tears, or saliva

HIV Prevention Medicines

If a person is HIV negative

being friends with someone who is living with HIV donating blood

animals or bug bites

HIV Prevention Medicines ART

If a person is HIV positive:

A daily pill that prevents the virus from replicating, and helps strengthen the body’s immune system

Used to treat HIV and prevent transmitting the virus to others

HIV Prevention Medicines

If a person is HIV positive:

U = U

With consistent use, the virus can become “undetectable” and even “untransmittable” to others through sex!

Impacts of HIV

• Millions of people have died from AIDS-related illness due to lack of medical knowledge, research efforts, and funding

• Since the 80s, people living with HIV have faced stigma

negative attitudes, beliefs, and stereotypes that can lead to hurtful behaviors or discrimination

STI Prevention

STI Prevention

Not engaging in any sexual behaviors with a partner

This is the most effective way to avoid STIs!

Limiting the number of sexual partners

…or only having sex within a mutually committed relationship (such as marriage)

STI Prevention

Communicating honestly with sexual partners

✓ Ask questions about their past sexual experiences

✓ Discuss your STI status

✓ Create a plan to prevent STIs together

STI Prevention

Getting vaccinated against HPV and hepatitis B

✓ Available for all genders

✓ FREE at local health clinics (with Family PACT)

✓ Teens can consent (ages 12 and up)

STI Prevention

Using a barrier method during sexual activity

condoms

dental dams

STI Prevention

dental dams

gloves

prophylactic underwear

prophylactic underwear gloves held in place over the vulva or anus during oral sex

worn on the hands (when skin has cuts or sores)

ReviewOnly

STI Prevention

internal condom

external condom

STI Prevention

How many barriers should partners use at a time?

worn inside the vagina during vaginal sex or inside the anus during anal sex

STI Prevention

worn on an erect penis during any type of sex

How many barriers should partners use at a time?

only ONE! (using two or more increases their chance of breaking due to friction)

How to Support Someone

How can we support a friend or partner who has an STI?

one of each?

isn’t two layers better than one?

Remember…

ANYONE can get an STI …and testing positive does not reflect a person’s hygiene or worth.

Everyone makes mistakes.

We can always reflect on our choices and find ways to prioritize harm reduction going forward.

How to Support Someone

• Treat them with respect and dignity

• Include them in activities

• Listen to them

• Remind them to take their medication

• Go to their appointments with them

• Participate in an HIV/AIDS walk to fundraise for HIV research

How

Use

The STI Fact Sheet can help if needed!

Where

Let’s see how many local clinics we can name as a class!

How should a person properly store

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip!

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Step 7: Remove carefully

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Step 7: Remove carefully

Step 8: Dispose in the trash

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Step 7: Remove carefully

Step 8: Dispose in the trash

Types of Lubrication

Condom Steps Relay

Condom Steps Relay

Place the steps for using an external condom into the correct order!

1. Groups will form a single-file line facing your stack of Condom Steps cards

2. The person at the front of the line can either:

• Pick a new card and place onto the board

• Remove a card that you believe to be incorrect

• Swap two cards into their correct order

Condom Steps Relay

Place the steps for using an external condom into the correct order!

3. After your turn, high five the next person in line to start their turn

4. The first time to get all 8 steps in order wins!

Be careful: there are 8 correct steps, but 12 cards in the deck!

Condom Steps Relay

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Step 7: Remove carefully

Step 8: Dispose in the trash

Condom Steps Relay

INCORRECT STEPS:

• Open with scissors

• Sharp objects (including teeth) should never be used to open a condom.

• Apply oil-based lubrication

• Oil causes latex to degrade and break. Lubricants made of oil should never be used with latex barriers.

Condom Steps Relay

INCORRECT STEPS:

• Rinse out and reuse

• Condoms are single-use medical devices. Reusing a barrier can cause it to break or spread infections.

• Flush down the toilet

• Condoms are not biodegradable. Flushing them down the toilet can create clogs and damage plumbing.

Lesson 7 Wrap-Up

Let’s Review!

• What is the difference between curable and treatable STIs?

• How can a person protect themself from STIs?

• Where can people get free local STI testing?

Looking Forward

Next class…

Sexual Violence

(content warning)

• Review consent and laws related to sexual crimes

• Analyze scenarios that depict aspects of sexual violence

• Explore strategies involved in human trafficking

Self-Care Ideas:

Bake some cookies

Run around the block

Help a family member or neighbor with a chore

Go to bed early

Welcome to Teen Talk

Lesson 8: Sexual Violence Prevention

Welcome Question

Who is someone you really respect and why?

Group Norms

Calming Strategies

breathe in breathe out

Content Warning

This lesson may be activating. Be gentle with yourself and each other...

breathe in breathe out

Agenda

✓ Opening Routine

❑ Intro to Power Dynamics

❑ Sexual Violence Definitions

❑ Rights & Resources

❑ Responding to Harm

❑ Frankie’s Story

❑ Closing Routine

Intro to Power Dynamics

Intro to Power Dynamics

Who are the people in our world that tend to have a lot of power?

Race, class, and gender norms can socialize people to believe that they deserve power…

Laws and other systems are designed to enable them to retain their power while creating barriers for other people.

Intro to Power Dynamics

Our society expects the individual to protect themself from harm…

but “victim blaming” causes guilt and harm by diverting attention from the real issue:

Unequal power dynamics make it impossible for many people to avoid harm.

Intro to Power Dynamics

We cannot control what someone else chooses to do…

We can only hold ourselves and each other accountable for treating people with respect.

Intro to Power Dynamics

It’s everyone’s job to help reduce violence in our communities by staying aware of power dynamics and doing our best to balance them.

Consent Review CONSENT

Consent Review

Consent Review

conversation about boundaries

sober voluntary

sexual

over 18 equal power informed clear reversible

a mutual agreement active

In CA, we use an Affirmative Consent Standard to ensure that everyone has agency in sexual situations.

Waiting to hear “no” or “stop” is NOT affirmative consent.

Sexual arousal is NOT affirmative consent.

This standard makes each of us responsible for being aware, checking in, and not taking advantage of others.

Disrespect & Harm

There are many laws designed to protect people from being touched or treated in certain ways without their consent

These apply to ALL people, whether they are strangers, friends, dating, married, etc.

Disrespect & Harm

The following behaviors are inappropriate and unacceptable (and illegal) because they are unwanted, disrespectful, and harmful

If you need to talk to someone… no judgment, no shame

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Title IX (“nine”)

In California, Title IX requires that schools protect students and staff from gender-based discrimination:

• Sexual violence, coercion, or harassment

• Unfair treatment due to gender identity, expression, or sexual orientation

• Hostile learning or working environments

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Sexual Harassment

Any sexual communication that makes someone else feel uncomfortable.

Unwanted sexual comments, requests, or spreading rumors about someone

Name-calling or joking about someone’s body, experience, or identity

Continuing to pursue someone when they are clearly uninterested

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Sexual Harassment

Any sexual communication that makes someone else feel uncomfortable.

Whether it happens…

• in-person or digitally

• directly or indirectly

• on purpose or “just kidding”

sexual harassment is never OK.

Title IX (“nine”)

This law requires that schools protect students and staff from gender-based discrimination:

Sexual violence, coercion, or harassment

Unfair treatment due to gender identity, expression, or sexual orientation

Hostile learning or working environments

To learn more, check out: www.knowyourix.org

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Sexual Assault

ANY unwanted sexual contact

Physical contact:

• Touching someone’s genitals or other private body parts

• Kissing someone without consent

• Taking off someone’s clothes

• Making someone touch another person in a sexual way

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

If we genuinely make a mistake and do or say something hurtful:

✓ take accountability

✓ apologize

✓ learn from it

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Sexual Assault

ANY unwanted sexual contact

Visual contact:

• “Flashing” (exposing genitals or other private body parts)

• Taking, showing, or sending sexual pictures or videos

• Making someone touch their own body in a sexual way

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Sexual Assault

Rape is any type of sex without consent

This includes penetration of a vagina, anus, or mouth using a body part or an object

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

Labor trafficking – work as repayment for a loan or service, or to avoid an unwanted consequence

National Human Trafficking Hotline: 1-888-373-7888

National Human Trafficking Hotline: 1-888-373-7888

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

NOTE: If someone is doing sex work under age 18, they cannot be charged with sex trafficking

Sex trafficking – sexual services in exchange for money, drugs, or basic needs (food, shelter, etc.)

National Human Trafficking Hotline: 1-888-373-7888

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

It may involve other sexual crimes, like harassment, assault, or creating child sexual abuse material…

National Human Trafficking Hotline: 1-888-373-7888

Laws About Sexual Images

Child Sexual Abuse Material (Federal) – creating, viewing, or sharing nude or sexual images of a minor (under 18 years old)

Cyber Exploitation (CA) – sharing sexual images of another person without their consent, resulting in emotional distress

Sextortion (CA) – threatening to share or expose sexual images in order to get someone to do something

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Remember…

The body may have a fight, flight, or freeze reaction, but regardless of a person’s reaction in the moment…

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

NO ONE deserves to be exploited or harmed, and we are not responsible for anyone else’s decisions or behavior.

Let’s Take a Moment to…

Responding to Harm

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Marco’s Scenario

My uncle always invites his friends over to hang out at our house. Last weekend, one of them came up to me in private and said that I’m looking really grown and sexy. Then she looked down at my crotch and reached her hand over. I froze and didn’t know how to react…

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

What Would You Do?

If you were Marco’s cousin…

What Would You Do?

1. Tell your uncle what happened. He should not invite that person over anymore.

2. Confront the woman and tell her to leave Marco alone. Adults should never touch a young person in sexual ways.

1 2 3 4

5 (center)

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

After Marco’s Scenario

3. Text a sexual assault hotline. Ask them how to support Marco with his situation.

5 (center)

4. Remind Marco that he did nothing wrong. It’s normal for the body to freeze up, and that doesn’t mean that Marco wanted her to do that.

5. Encourage Marco to forget about it. He should feel lucky that an older woman was interested in him.

1 2 3 4

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Marco is confused and upset about what his uncle’s friend did. He had an erection in the moment, but that didn’t mean he wanted her to touch him. Marco feels embarrassed and alone, like people would just brush it off if he tried to tell someone. He feels even more powerless when his girlfriend Jenna breaks up with him out of the blue. Marco decides to take back some control by getting revenge on his ex…

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Jenna’s Scenario

I can’t stand going to school anymore! A few days ago, I broke up with my boyfriend, and to get back at me, he sent a topless photo of me to all his friends. Now everyone at school has seen it and people keep staring and joking about me being a “slut”…

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

After Jenna’s Scenario

Jenna was humiliated and couldn’t believe that Marco would do that to her. She was so into him at the time, she wasn’t thinking about the risks of sending a topless pic, but now she regrets ever taking that photo. Jenna can’t stand the harassment but is worried that telling an adult will only get her in trouble. She feels powerless, and decides to take back some control by turning the spotlight onto another classmate…

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

What Would You Do?

1. Not get involved. The situation involves nude images of a minor, so I don’t want to get in trouble too.

2. Talk it through with a trusted adult at home. Get their advice about what to do next.

What Would You Do?

1. Check in with Avery later. Acknowledge that what happened was not OK and ask how I can help.

2. Comment on the post to call out the transphobia. It’s not funny to joke about trans identity, and it’s none of our business what other people have in their pants anyways.

3. Nothing. Standing up for Avery might make me a target for harassment too.

4. Send Jenna a private message. Tell her it’s messed up and she should remove that post and apologize.

If you were Avery’s classmate… 1 2 3 4

5. Tell an adult at school. They need to know what’s going on since Avery is getting bullied.

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

3. Stand up to the students harassing Jenna. Tell them to knock it off, and that they need to delete that photo immediately.

5 (center)

4. Tell a school counselor. They could call in Hector and his parents to talk about what he did.

5. Ask Jenna how I can support her. Remind her that she doesn’t deserve to be harassed like this.

If you were Jenna’s friend… 1 2 3 4

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Avery’s Scenario

Yesterday during lunch, a girl in my class posted a meme making fun of trans people and tagged me in it. When our classmates started seeing the post, they were all shocked and started laughing, asking me if it was true. Then one person yelled “prove it!” and tried to pull down my pants…

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673 5 (center)

Responding to Harm

Sexual

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

When one person experiences harm, there is often a ripple effect…

But experiencing harm or exploitation does not give us an excuse to hurt others.

Remember…

Sexual violence is NOT about sexual desire – it’s an act of power and control.

No one deserves to be harmed or exploited.

Everyone deserves to feel safe and to have their body and boundaries respected.

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Remember…

Reach out and get help from a trusted adult:

✓ parent or guardian

✓ older sibling or cousin

✓ aunt or uncle

✓ grandparent

✓ family friend

✓ friend’s parent

How to Help a Friend

• Remind them that it’s not their fault

• Listen without judgment and mirror their language

• Ask if they feel safe and how you can help

• Encourage them to report by telling a trusted adult, visiting a local hospital, or calling 911

• Empower then to make their own decisions

The choice belongs to the survivor.

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

How to Help Our Community

How can we build a safer community with more respect and less violence?

• Educate others about affirmative consent

• Do NOT make rape jokes or use violent or derogatory words

• Establish a code or signal to check in with our friends

• Take accountability when we harm others

• Call out situations where unequal power dynamics may lead to exploitation

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

✓ teacher

✓ principal

✓ counselor

✓ coach

✓ nurse or doctor

✓ caregiver

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

How to Help Our Community

How can we build a safer community with more respect and less violence?

National Sexual Assault Hotline: 1-800-656-4673

Calming Strategies

Power & Exploitation

Most violence – including sexual violence – is motivated by a desire for power and control.

People who commit harm often look for certain traits or situations to exploit…

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

Traffickers target those with an obvious vulnerability or need they can fulfill and often use grooming techniques to build a false sense of trust…

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

“Gorilla” traffickers use force or threats to overpower

“Romeo” traffickers use charm, gifts, or romance to seduce

“CEO” traffickers use money or business strategies to swindle

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

This modern-day slavery takes place all over the world, including our own communities…

An estimated 50 million people worldwide are victimized through human trafficking on any given day.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Sex Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to do sexual things in exchange for anything of value

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Sex Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to do sexual things in exchange for anything of value

Sex traffickers will often intimidate, manipulate, or fake caring for someone to hide their exploitation by promising protection, love, money, or fame

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Sex Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to do sexual things in exchange for anything of value

Traffickers are incredibly crafty… They may use social media and/or recruiters to target people and learn more about them

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Sex Trafficking

If a person is doing sex work under age 18, it is always considered sex trafficking

…but it’s not a young person’s fault for being in a situation like this!

It is the trafficker’s fault and a failure of society to protect that young person.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story

Frankie’s Story (1 of 8)

When I started 7th grade, all my friends were really into this new video game. We couldn’t afford the latest game console, but my cousin gave me his old one so at least I could play online with my friends. It’s more fun when you can chat live with your teammates, so even if my friends were busy, I would always find someone online to team up with.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story (2 of 8)

One night I started playing with this girl, and she told me her name was Emma. Turns out she’s in 8th grade and we have a lot in common. We played online more often, and eventually she asked to add me on social media. Then we started messaging throughout the day, and it started getting flirty. Talking with her had become the best part of my week.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story (3 of 8)

After school one day, I got a message from Emma that said “I have something special for you…” followed by a photo of her topless. I was surprised at first, but I guess that meant she was into me. She asked me to send one too, but I felt uncomfortable. What if my mom finds out? I told her that I can’t right now, and she was cool about it, but the next day she told me I owe her. I couldn’t think of another excuse, so I snapped a quick pic of my chest and sent it to her. I was nervous, but she told me I looked hot.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story (4 of 8)

We kept exchanging nude pics over the next few weeks and it became our little secret. Even though we hadn’t met in person yet, we decided to make things official. I told my friends about Emma, but not about the photos. I had never had a girlfriend before, and she made me feel so special. She even asked for my address so she could send me a gift – a brand new game console!

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story (5 of 8)

One morning, Emma mentioned that she had just bought herself a new phone. I asked her how she was buying all these expensive things, and she told me she had started selling her own nudes online to make some quick cash. She said she could help me out by selling some of my photos as well, but no one could find out. I needed the money, and I knew I could trust her, so I agreed.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story (6 of 8)

At first, it was great to have the extra cash. But then I started to notice that Emma was acting different. Her messages were shorter and less flirty, and she stopped logging on to the game as much. She only seemed to care about getting more photos to make more money. Eventually she even stopped sending me money and kept making excuses about it.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story (7 of 8)

Yesterday, the school counselor came in to talk to us about online safety. She mentioned how it’s not legal for people under 18 to be taking or sharing nude photos. I started wondering to myself what could happen if someone found out what Emma and I had been doing. Could I go to jail? I decided to tell Emma that I’m done selling photos.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story (8 of 8)

This morning I woke up to three messages from Emma demanding more photos ASAP. I couldn’t believe she was acting like this! I thought that I knew her and that she really cared about me. Her last message said that if don’t send her new pics today, she will expose all the photos I have sent. I’m so scared. She knows where I live. What should I do?

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Let’s Take a Moment to… breathe

Frankie’s Story

What are some of the “red flags” you noticed?

• Emma pressured Frankie to send nudes (child sexual abuse material)

• Emma paid Frankie for more photos (sex trafficking)

• Emma threatened to expose Frankie’s sexual images if they didn’t send more (sextortion)

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story

There were also some “pink flags”

– things that may seem normal but when mixed with

“red flags” become warning signs for harm or exploitation

• Frankie and Emma met online (no mutual friends)

• Frankie and Emma spent a lot of time messaging each other, eventually starting an “official” relationship (even though they never met in-person or even talked on the phone)

• Emma sent Frankie an expensive gift

• Emma had Frankie’s address

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Stages of Sex Trafficking

LURING GROOMING

ISOLATION EXPLOITATION MANIPULATION & COERCION

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story

What are the vulnerabilities Emma took advantage of?

• Frankie is young and quick to trust

• They were excited to be getting a girl’s attention and to start their first relationship

• They also want things (a new game console) that they can’t afford

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story

How could Frankie have used technology safer?

• Played online with friends they know in-person

• Not given their address to someone they met online

• Not shared nude photos

• Told a trusted adult when things started to make them uncomfortable

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Stay Aware Online…

Technology and social media are making it easier than ever for traffickers to target and connect with young people.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story

Do you think Emma is who she says she is?

Meeting people online can be very risky

It’s easy for people to lie about their identity or pretend to be someone else

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Frankie’s Story

What could Frankie do next?

• Reach out to the Human Trafficking Hotline

• Talk with a friend or classmate and ask for help

• Tell a parent or another trusted adult about what is going on

• Contact the police and report Emma

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Let’s Take a Moment to…

breathe in breathe out

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Remember…

• We ALL have vulnerabilities

• Traffickers exploit vulnerabilities to gain power and control

• Everyone deserves safe relationships!

• It can be hard to leave a dangerous situation on our own reaching out to a hotline or trusted adult can help

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233-733

Lesson 8 Wrap-Up

Let’s Review!

• What is CA’s affirmative consent standard?

• How is sexual violence a community issue?

• What resources can help people who are affected by sexual violence?

Looking Forward

Next class…

Relationships

(content warning)

• Explore signs of healthy and unhealthy relationships, including types of abuse

• Analyze and categorize relationship behaviors as healthy, unhealthy, or abusive

Self-Care Ideas: Practice some yoga poses Cuddle with a pet Write a poem or song

Do a random act of kindness

Group Norms

What emoji describes you best?

Calming

Content Warning

This lesson may be activating. Be gentle with yourself and each other...

breathe in breathe out

Agenda

✓ Opening Routine

❑ Intro to Relationships

❑ Love is Learned

❑ Relationship Spectrum

❑ Closing Routine

Intro to Relationships

sexual partner(s)

Intro to Relationships

With whom might we have RELATIONSHIPS now or in the future?

friends teachers

romantic partner(s) sibling(s)

spouse or life partner

classmates teammates co-workers neighbors mentors

medical providers

sexual partner(s)

parent(s) family

Intro to Relationships

Why might a person might want to have a partner or an intimate relationship?

Intro to Relationships

Everyone deserves healthy and safe relationships

Being mistreated can feel very isolating but know that you are not alone.

We can all learn to love better by recognizing unhealthy signs and shifting to healthy behaviors

spouse or life partner

Today we will primarily focus on intimate partnerships but most of what we discuss can apply to all types of relationships

friends teachers

romantic partner(s) sibling(s)

classmates teammates co-workers neighbors mentors

parent(s) family

Intro to Relationships

medical providers

Love is Learned

Relationships of all kinds should make us feel good about ourselves!

One Love’s “Couplets”

One Love’s “Couplets”

What are some healthy ways to deal with emotions like anger or frustration?

How can friends or partners approach conflict in a healthy way?

One Love’s “Couplets”

One Love’s “Couplets”

What can someone do if a person is behaving intensely toward them?

One Love’s “Couplets”

One Love’s “Couplets”

Why is independence important in a friendship or relationship?

One Love’s “Couplets”

How can peer pressure play an unhealthy role in relationships or friendships?

What are some healthy strategies to handle peer pressure?

One Love’s “Couplets”

What is loyalty? Is loyalty an important part of trust in a relationship?

One Love’s “Couplets”

One Love’s “Couplets”

How is kindness related to respect?

One Love’s “Couplets”

Healthy Relationships

Where can a person get support if a friend or partner is belittling them?

The 10 healthy signs create a strong foundation for a relationship

They help to establish safety and security in the relationship to support the normal ups and downs that ALL relationships go through.

Healthy Relationships

The 10 healthy signs create a strong foundation for a relationship

A healthy relationship does not mean a “perfect” relationship… but these are behaviors we can strive for in all of our relationships.

Let’s Take a Moment to…

breathe in breathe out

Unhealthy Relationships

The 10 unhealthy signs do not always indicate an abusive relationship

…but they can become a pattern or ESCALATE to abuse over time.

There are also certain behaviors that are considered abusive even if they only happen once…

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Types of Relationship Abuse

Physical Emotional

harming or attempting to harm someone’s body put-downs, name-calling, or humiliating someone

Types of Relationship Abuse

Physical harming or attempting to harm someone’s body

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Types of Relationship Abuse

Physical

Emotional Psychological

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

harming or attempting to harm someone’s body put-downs, name-calling, or humiliating someone threatening, intimidating, or isolating someone

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Types of Relationship Abuse

Physical

Emotional Psychological Financial

harming or attempting to harm someone’s body put-downs, name-calling, or humiliating someone threatening, intimidating, or isolating someone controlling someone’s money or access to resources

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Types of Relationship Abuse

Physical

Emotional Psychological Financial Sexual

harming or attempting to harm someone’s body put-downs, name-calling, or humiliating someone threatening, intimidating, or isolating someone controlling someone’s money or access to resources any sexual contact without affirmative consent

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Taking Action

What can someone do if they realize they are in an unhealthy or unsafe relationship?

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Types of Relationship Abuse

Physical

Emotional Psychological Financial Sexual

harming or attempting to harm someone’s body put-downs, name-calling, or humiliating someone threatening, intimidating, or isolating someone controlling someone’s money or access to resources

any sexual contact without affirmative consent

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Abusive Relationships

Abuse can happen in any type of relationship

It affects people of ALL ages, cultures, and genders

Abuse is never OK.

Once a relationship becomes abusive, it usually cannot become healthy again…

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Taking Action

What can someone do if they realize they are in an unhealthy or unsafe relationship?

• Safely seek assistance (instead of handling it alone)

• Tell a trusted adult, family member, or friend about what is going on

• Meet with a counselor or therapist to process difficult emotions

• Call/text a hotline to get support and suggestions

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Taking Action

What can someone do if they realize they are in an unhealthy or unsafe relationship?

• Create a plan to safely end the relationship

• Consider whether it’s safer to talk in-person or digitally (via text)

• Practice communicating in firm, direct language

• Meet in a public place or bring a friend along in case the situation escalates

• After a break-up, stay distracted with friends, family, school, work, hobbies, etc.

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Victim Blaming

There can be lots of complex reasons why people don’t “just leave” an abusive partner

Blaming someone for staying in an abusive relationship further damages their self-esteem

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

How to Help a Friend

• Remind them that it’s not their fault

• Listen without judgment and mirror their language

• Ask if they feel safe and how you can help

• Encourage them to report by telling a trusted adult, visiting a local hospital, or calling 911

• Empower then to make their own decisions

The choice belongs to the survivor.

LoveisRespect.org

Remember…

Everyone

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Health Gender & Sexual Identities Relationships & Sexual Safety Pregnancy & Parenting Bodies, Puberty, Birth Control & STIs

Mental

Source: The One Love Foundation – www.joinonelove.org/student-leadership

Relationship Spectrum

Relationship Spectrum

Some behaviors are clearly healthy or unhealthy

…and some can vary depending on the context, frequency, or other factors

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Relationship Spectrum

HEALTHY UNHEALTHY ABUSIVE

Relationship Spectrum

HEALTHY UNHEALTHY ABUSIVE

when a person feels safe and respected by one another

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Relationship Spectrum

HEALTHY UNHEALTHY ABUSIVE

when a person feels uncomfortable or disrespected by their partner

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Relationship Spectrum

HEALTHY UNHEALTHY ABUSIVE

when a person is hurt or controlled by their partner

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Relationship Spectrum

HEALTHY UNHEALTHY ABUSIVE

Remember…

Everyone deserves healthy and safe relationships

A person who has experienced abuse is not at fault and not alone

To learn more or get support, check out: www.loveisrespect.org

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Lesson 9 Wrap-Up

Let’s Review!

• What are some signs of a healthy relationship?

• What are some signs of an unhealthy relationship?

• What are some online resources to learn more about relationships?

Love Is Respect: Text ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

Looking Forward

Next class…

Media & Body Image

(content warning)

• Explore how media affects all aspects of culture – people, relationships, and society

• Discuss sexually explicit media (pornography), body image, and self-acceptance

Self-Care Ideas: Go for a bike ride

Journal

Pick some flowers

Visit someone you haven’t seen in a while

Welcome to Teen Talk

Lesson 10: Media and Body Image

Welcome Question

What is your favorite series?

(TV show, anime, podcast, book, YouTube channel, etc.)

Group Norms

Calming

Strategies

breathe in breathe out

Content Warning

This lesson may be activating. Be gentle with yourself and each other...

breathe in breathe out

Agenda

✓ Opening Routine

❑ Intro to Media

❑ Fantasy of Media Romance

❑ Media Literacy

❑ Body Image Inventory

❑ Closing Routine

Intro to Media

Where do people commonly go for information, news, or entertainment?

Mainstream vs. Social Media

“Mainstream” media: produced by media companies for the public to consume (major news outlets, Hollywood movies, and music on the radio)

“Social” media: digital networks of communication and content created by individuals (social media apps and websites)

What is Media?

A system of communicating information with others

Social Media

“Social” media: digital networks of communication and content created by individuals (social media apps and websites)

Mainstream vs. Social Media

“

Mainstream” media: produced by media companies for the public to consume (major news outlets, Hollywood movies, and music on the radio)

“

Social” media: digital networks of communication and content created by individuals (social media apps and websites)

Social Media

How does social media affect young people today?

Social Media

It connects people – it helps to build community and share information

A Critical Lens

It can also create pressure to look or act certain ways – it can affect our confidence, self-esteem, and decision-making

Impacts of Media

Most media content is carefully manipulated, which can lead to unrealistic expectations

The way we engage with media can have real impacts on our relationships, mental health, and body image

Love is Learned

This is an opportunity to think critically and practice analyzing the messages portrayed in:

• Mainstream media (movies & ads)

• Social media (influencers & editing apps)

• Sexually explicit media (pornography)

How do people learn what they want in a romantic relationship?

Love is Learned

We may learn from:

• Personal experience (past relationships)

• Observing family relationships (parents, siblings)

• Observing peers’ relationships (couples at school)

• Learning about healthy relationships in Teen Talk

• Watching couples interact in popular media (including social media)

The Fantasy of Media Romance

Fantasy of Media Romance

1. Watch the movie clip

2. Be on the lookout for media techniques, unrealistic elements, and ‘red flag’ behavior

3. Discuss the messages about relationships portrayed in the clip

Fantasy of Media Romance

Common Tropes of Modern Romance:

• The “Meet Cute”

• The “Big Ask”

• The First Kiss

• The Grand Romantic Gesture

• The Betrayal

• The Breakup

• The “Catfish”

The “Meet Cute”

1. Does this chance encounter seem realistic? Why or why not?

2. What visual cues or film techniques (e.g., lighting, music, camera angles) are used to emphasize the romance?

3. How do we see gender stereotypes reinforced in this scene?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about how to meet a potential romantic partner?

The First Kiss

1. How can you tell that the characters wanted (or did not want) to kiss? Was it consensual?

2. What strategies did the characters use to get what they wanted? Was their communication healthy or unhealthy?

3. How did it convey to the viewer that the kiss improved their relationship?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about initiating a first kiss?

pick one to analyze!

• The Pretend Relationship Turns Real

The “Big Ask”

1. What behaviors did you notice? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. What strategies did the characters use to get what they wanted? Did they show respect for each other’s wishes?

3. What is this scene communicating about consent?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about asking someone out?

The Grand Romantic Gesture

1. What behaviors did you notice? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. What is the grand romantic gesture supposed to mean? Why is the character using this strategy?

3. What visual cues or film techniques are used to illustrate romance?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about using grand romantic gestures?

The Betrayal

1. What behaviors did you notice? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. How do the characters deal with betrayal? How could they have responded in healthier ways?

3. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about dealing with betrayal or a breech of trust?

The Breakup

1. What behaviors did you notice? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. How do the characters break up? How could they have handled the situation in healthier ways?

3. What is the scene communicating about jealousy in relationships?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about breaking up with someone?

The “Catfish”

1. What strategies did the characters use to get what they wanted? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. How can pretending to be someone else affect affirmative consent?

3. What visual cues or film techniques are used to emphasize romance?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about catfishing a potential partner?

Pretend Relationship Turns Real

1. What did you notice about their communication? How do they negotiate their boundaries?

2. What choices are they making? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

3. What clues are used to foreshadow that they will fall for them in the end?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about agreeing to be in a pretend relationship?

Fantasy of Media Romance

Overall, what did you notice about how these clips portrayed romance and relationships?

Were these examples mostly healthy or unhealthy?

Fantasy of Media Romance

What do you think are some of the most challenging aspects of navigating romantic relationships? (e.g., compromise, building trust, dealing with conflict)

How are these moments typically presented in mainstream media?

Fantasy of Media Romance

How many examples of consent did we see in these clips?

Why do you think consent conversations are not commonly depicted in romantic scenes?

Fantasy of Media Romance

What else is missing from these clips?

• Racial diversity – Black, Latinx, Asian, and Indigenous lead actors

• Gender & sexual diversity – LGBTQIA+ actors & characters

• Neurodiversity of actors & characters

• Diversity of body types

Fantasy of Media Romance

People tend to get unrealistic expectations from popular media because it commonly…

• Romanticizes unhealthy and even abusive relationships

• Portrays characters who prioritize love or a partner over other parts of their life (school, friends, family, etc.)

• Skips over the build-up of trust and discussions of boundaries

• Fails to provide models of affirmative consent – even depicting nonconsensual behaviors as funny or cute

Fantasy of Media Romance

So far, we have been analyzing media messages about romance and dating

…but there are also lots of messages about sex and sexuality in the media.

Remember to BREATHE

breathe in

Sexually Explicit Media

Any type of media that depicts people in sexual situations, created with the intent to arouse

breathe out

Also known as “pornography” or porn

Sexually Explicit Media

Based on several different research studies, young people of all genders said they watched porn because of…

entertainment curiosity

arousal

accident

Analyzing Pornography

Who is the assumed viewer?

Porn is an adult interpretation of sexuality made for entertainment – not education!

boredom

loneliness

peer pressure

Analyzing Pornography

Who is the assumed viewer?

Male gaze

the way media represents the world and women from a masculine point of view, often depicting women as objects of male pleasure

Analyzing Media

We have the power to decide how to act and what we want in a relationship…

...and if we want to ‘buy’ what the media is selling.

It’s designed for people with adult bodies, adult brains, and adult perspectives

Analyzing Pornography

People tend to get unrealistic expectations from pornography because it commonly…

• Communicates ideas about how partners should act in sexual situations

• Normalizes disrespect and even violence

• Misrepresents how people know what their partner wants or likes

• Depicts consent as assumed or unimportant

Analyzing Media

Much of what we see in the media is intended to get viewers to buy –or buy into – what they are selling

It’s important to be able to recognize the tactics being used to draw in consumers…

Media Analysis Questions

What are they selling?

All media is created by an author with a particular goal or agenda…

Things to consider:

• Purpose of the message (is it informational? persuasive? entertainment?)

• Motive of the author (for education? power? profit?)

• How this product or idea aligns with your personal values and priorities

Media Analysis Questions

What emotions do they want you to feel?

Manipulating a viewer’s emotions can be a very effective tool…

Things to consider: How certain emotions – like guilt, hope, envy –can motivate people to buy what they are selling

Media Analysis Questions

How are they selling it?

Companies have a lot of data about what appeals to consumers…

Things to consider:

• The intended audience

• How they are trying to connect with consumers (using humor? creating shock value? featuring celebrities?)

• How effective their strategies are

Media Analysis Questions

1) What are they selling?

2) How are they selling it?

3) What emotions do they want you to feel so you’ll buy the product or idea?

Media Literacy

Media Literacy

is the ability to analyze, evaluate, and create media using a critical lens

Media Literacy

The ability to analyze, evaluate, and create media using a critical lens

Why is it important to develop media literacy?

Media Literacy

The ability to analyze, evaluate, and create media using a critical lens

It empowers us with the skills to:

• Think critically

• Become smarter consumers of products and information

• Recognize points of view

• Understand author goals

• Identify the role of media in our culture

• Create media responsibly

Remember…to THINK!

Communicating digitally rather than in-person does not make bullying or hate speech OK.

Our online presence forms a “digital tattoo” that can be difficult to remove or change...

Before posting, sharing, or communicating online, try to stop and THINK:

Is it True?

Is it Helpful?

Is it Inspiring?

Is it Necessary?

Is it Kind?

Most people have a similar idea of what is ‘sexy,’ ‘attractive,’ or ‘beautiful.’

Think About It

It’s easy to spot images where a person’s body or face has been edited.

Manipulating Images

Do you think photo filters and editing apps have a positive, neutral, or negative impact on self-image?

What is Body Image?

How we think and feel about our body and the way we look which can be affected by how we believe others see us

Media Literacy

Body Image Inventory

Body Image Inventory

We’re going to reflect on some statements related to body image:

• Read through the list of statements and mark

‘Yes’ or ‘No’ based on whether it’s true for you

• Do not write your name on this worksheet

• Only use blue or black pen or pencil

• When you’re done, flip the page face-down

Self-Image

Tips for Healthy Self-Image

Instead of focusing on how you look… Do what makes you feel good in your body!

like exercise, dancing, sleeping, taking bubble baths, or eating your favorite foods

It’s not always easy to have positive feelings about our body or appearance. but it’s important for our mental health & well-being to develop resiliency!

Everyone has moments when they feel unhappy or insecure about their looks…

Tips for Healthy Self-Image

See yourself as a whole person

– what else makes you, YOU?

• Great at giving advice

• A supportive friend

• Funny

• Smart

• Creative

• Athletic

• A good role model

• Loves animals

• Generous

• Kind

• Loved

• Resilient

• Capable

• Unique

Tips for Healthy Self-Image

Tips for Healthy Self-Image

Appreciate what your body (and brain) does for you! like keeping you alive, safe, able to grow & learn new things

Tips for Healthy Self-Image

Surround yourself with people who uplift you… rather than make you feel badly about yourself

Follow people on social media who inspire you… Unfollow anyone who makes you feel badly about yourself.

Healthy Self-Image

We are always growing and changing!

Our self-image and relationship with our body will continue to evolve as well…

We may feel critical at times, but we can always love and respect ourselves.

Remember…

Think critically about who is profiting from things like diet culture and beauty trends

Lesson 10 Wrap-Up

• Why is media literacy important?

• How does media affect body image?

…as well as how these trends change over time and across different cultures!

Let’s Review! ReviewOnly

Looking Forward

Next class…

Communication & Decision-Making

• Learn how to express refusal

• Discuss healthy ways to dealing with rejection

• Practice communication and negotiation skills using scenarios

Self-Care Ideas: Have a picnic

Take a break from social media

Climb a tree

Listen to a guided meditation

Welcome Question

Welcome to Teen Talk

Lesson 11: Decision-Making and Communication

What three items would you want with you on a deserted island?

Group Norms

Calming Strategies breathe in breathe out

Agenda

✔ Opening Routine

❑ Intro to Self-Advocacy

❑ What Gives?: Refusal & Rejection

❑ Dealing with Pressure

❑ Closing Routine

Intro to Self-Advocacy

What is the difference between being nice and being kind?

Intro to Self-Advocacy

Being Nice: Being Kind:

• Prioritizes not hurting feelings over being honest or speaking up for ourself

• Involves trying to seem easy-going or likeable

Advocating

for Ourself

• Prioritizes our own needs over other people’s comfort

• Involves personal integrity and setting healthy boundaries

Advocating for Ourself self-advocacy

Other people can’t know what we want and need unless we tell them!

What Gives?

Refusal & Rejection

self-advocacy speaking up for our own wants and needs

Remember…

We are constantly evolving and learning about ourselves…

Practicing self-advocacy strengthens the muscles we need to protect our boundaries

Communication Strategies

What strategies do people use to get what they want?

Challenges of Refusal

Why is it sometimes difficult to say “no”?

What can make it easier or harder?

Challenges of Refusal

Is it easier to stand up to a peer or an adult?

Challenges of Refusal

Is it easier to stand up to a stranger or a friend?

Challenges of Refusal

Is it easier to stand up to an individual or a group?

Challenges of Refusal

Standing up for our boundaries may feel uncomfortable… but it usually becomes easier with practice!

Be FIRM

Figure out your boundaries

Inform them

Reason why

Make a suggestion

Be FIRM

Figure out your boundaries

Ask yourself…

• What emotions do I feel?

• Would I enjoy this?

• What are my values?

Be FIRM

Figure out your boundaries

Inform them the next 2 steps are optional…

Be FIRM

Figure out your boundaries

Inform them

Can be helpful to…

• Take a deep breath before responding

• Use “I” Statements

“I’m comfortable kissing, but I want to keep our clothes on.”

Be FIRM

Figure out your boundaries

Inform them

Reason why

Be FIRM

Figure out your boundaries

Inform them

Reason why

Try to…

• Think about your values

• Avoid excuses

“I have soccer tonight.”

“I want us both to get tested for STIs first.”

Be FIRM

Try to…

• Think about your values

• Avoid excuses

“I have soccer tonight.”

Figure out your boundaries

Inform them

Reason why

Remember…

• Honor your feelings

• Be honest – with yourself and with them

Make a suggestion

“Let’s make an appointment to get tested, then we can talk about it some more.”

Example Scenario:

You and your partner have been dating for two months now and you’ve started to get closer. You two have shared a couple of kisses, but never in front of other people. You are uncomfortable with PDA (public displays of affection) and are worried that your partner wants to kiss you in front of your friends. Use the Be FIRM model to talk to them about why you are uncomfortable with PDA.

Example Be FIRM Response

“Hey, can we talk for a second? I wanted to let you know that I’m uncomfortable kissing in front of other people. I think those moments are private, and I wouldn’t want to make anyone else uncomfortable either. We can still kiss when we’re alone, but let’s just stick to holding hands when we’re around our friends. That way we can still feel connected without so much PDA. How does that sound?”

Example Be FIRM Response

“Hey, can we talk for a second? I wanted to let you know that I’m uncomfortable kissing in front of other people. I think those moments are private, and I wouldn’t want to make anyone else uncomfortable either. We can still kiss when we’re alone, but let’s just stick to holding hands when we’re around our friends. That way we can still feel connected without so much PDA. How does that sound?”

Example Be FIRM Response

“Hey, can we talk for a second? I wanted to let you know that I’m uncomfortable kissing in front of other people I think those moments are private, and I wouldn’t want to make anyone else uncomfortable either. We can still kiss when we’re alone, but let’s just stick to holding hands when we’re around our friends. That way we can still feel connected without so much PDA. How does that sound?”

Example Be FIRM Response

“Hey, can we talk for a second? I wanted to let you know that I’m uncomfortable kissing in front of other people I think those moments are private, and I wouldn’t want to make anyone else uncomfortable either. We can still kiss when we’re alone, but let’s just stick to holding hands when we’re around our friends. That way we can still feel connected without so much PDA. How does that sound?”

Example Be FIRM Response

“Hey, can we talk for a second? I wanted to let you know that I’m uncomfortable kissing in front of other people. I think those moments are private, and I wouldn’t want to make anyone else uncomfortable either. We can still kiss when we’re alone, but let’s just stick to holding hands when we’re around our friends. That way we can still feel connected without so much PDA. How does that sound?”

Challenges of Refusal

Sometimes speaking up in the moment is scary or unsafe…

It’s OK to leave the situation and find an adult for support. They may give you advice for next steps or, if needed, take action on your behalf.

Dealing with Rejection

How does it feel when someone says “no” or sets a boundary?

Dealing with Rejection

How does it feel when someone says “no” or sets a boundary?

Rejection is a part of life that we all must learn to deal with…

Dealing with Rejection

Dealing with Rejection

How do we know when we’re feeling angry or upset?

What are some signs or signals to notice?

Noticing Emotions

During intense moments or times of conflict, our body sends us signals

…

• Heart may beat faster

• Stomach may feel tight

• Hands may become sweaty

• May feel a weight on the chest

• May feel confused or “out of sorts”

Intense Emotions

Sometimes emotions can go from 0 to 100 really fast

Intense Emotions

What can we do to lower the intensity of an emotion we’re feeling?

Examples:

• Take a breath

• Listen to music

• Play with a pet Call a loved one

Brain-Body Connection

Grounding is a calming strategy to bring the body to a more relaxed state

AFFIRM Accept their decision

Feel your

Feelings

Increase self-care

Reframe

Move forward

AFFIRM A

ccept their decision

Can be helpful to…

• Take a deep breath before responding

• Repeat back what they said to make sure you understand

“That’s hard for me to hear, but I understand that you already have a date.”

“It sounds like you need more time to feel comfortable. Thank you for letting me know.”

AFFIRM Accept their decision

Feel your Feelings

Ask yourself…

• What emotions do I feel?

• Why am I feeling this way?

• Who can I talk to for support?

AFFIRM Accept their decision

Feel your Feelings

Increase self-care

Reframe

Your feelings are VALID!

AFFIRM Accept their decision

Feel your Feelings

Increase self-care

For example:

• Go for a walk

• Listen to music

• Meditate or read

• Do something you enjoy (painting, cooking, sports)

• Talk to someone you trust

• Reach out to a counselor

• Call a hotline

AFFIRM Accept their decision

We might naturally think… “They must hate me.”

Feel your Feelings

Increase self-care

Reframe

We might naturally think… “They must hate me.” Instead, try thinking…

“They must trust me enough to be honest with me.”

AFFIRM Accept their decision

Feel your Feelings

Increase self-care

Reframe

Move forward

Ask yourself…

• Did I make them feel uncomfortable? If so, what can I do to make it right?

• What could I do differently in the future?

• Who can I talk to for support?

What am I proud of myself for?

Example Scenario:

You and your partner have been dating for two months now and you’ve started to get closer. You two have shared a couple of kisses, but never in front of other people. You are so excited about dating them and want everyone to know! Your partner just told you they don’t want to kiss in front of other people. Your feelings are hurt – don’t they like you? Think about the different strategies for dealing with rejection and use the AFFIRM model to respond to your partner in a respectful way.

Example AFFIRM Response

“Thank you for letting me know how you feel. I’m just so happy to be with you that I sometimes forget how PDA can make others uncomfortable. Holding hands in public and kissing in private is a good compromise though. I’m glad you brought this up so we can be on the same page going forward.”

Your Turn!

Practice having a respectful and mature conversation with a friend:

Decide who will be Friend A

…and who will be Friend B

Your Turn!

Practice having a respectful and mature conversation with a friend:

Friendship Scenario #1(B)

You have recently noticed some changes in your body. You know these are normal puberty changes, but your family has been making comments that make you a little self-conscious. Your best friend just invited you to their birthday pool party and you’ve heard that a lot of other classmates are going. You don’t feel comfortable with the idea of being in a swimsuit in front of all those people. Use the Be FIRM model to let your friend know that you aren’t comfortable going to their pool party.

Friendship Scenario #1(A)

You are so excited about your birthday pool party next weekend! A lot of classmates have already told you they are coming, but you haven’t gotten a straight answer from your best friend yet. When you ask them, they seem uncomfortable and tell you they’re not going to come. You’re really disappointed – they are your best friend! Use the AFFIRM model to accept their decision and move forward in a healthy way.

Your Turn!

Switch roles to practice the other model with scenario #2…

You are now Friend B and you are now Friend A

…then Friend A will use the AFFIRM model to respond in a kind, healthy way.

First, Friend B will use the Be FIRM model to stand up for their boundaries…

Friendship Scenario #2(B)

You have been struggling in science class and want to improve your grade. Your best friend is in the class too and always tries to make you laugh with little comments and jokes. You know that you need to pay attention in class so that you’ll do better on the next test, but it’s hard to ignore your friend when they always want your attention. Use the Be FIRM model to explain your situation and set some boundaries with your friend.

Friendship Scenario #2(A)

Science is your favorite class because you get to sit next to your best friend. You love joking around with them and making them laugh. Today after class, they told you they don’t think you should sit together anymore. You’re surprised and a little sad that you won’t be able to have fun with them in class anymore. Use the AFFIRM model to respond to them in a respectful way that accepts their boundaries.

Remember…

Dealing with Pressure

Dealing with

Work with a partner to write a realistic script about two friends using the scene prompt on your worksheet…

If we have time, volunteers can perform approved scenes for us!

We are constantly evolving and learning about ourselves…

Being kind means being honest, advocating for our needs, and setting healthy boundaries that align with our values and goals

Lights…Camera…Action!

Lesson 11 Wrap-Up

Let’s Review!

• What is the Be FIRM model? Which steps are optional?

• What are some kind ways to turn someone down?

• What are some healthy ways to deal with difficult emotions?

Looking Forward

Next class…

Review & Wrap-Up

• Reflect on personal goals for the future and how the information from Teen Talk can help reach those goals

• Play a review game!

• Take the Exit Survey

Self-Care Ideas: Play a board game with a friend or sibling

Create a comic strip

Go swimming

Watch your favorite show or movie

Welcome Question

Welcome to Teen Talk

Lesson 12: Review and Wrap-Up

If you had a time machine, what point in the past or future would you visit?

Group Norms

Calming Strategies

Agenda

✓ Opening Routine

❑ Back in the Day Wrap-Up

❑ Intro to Goal Setting

❑ Picturing My Future

❑ Teen Talk Jeopardy!

❑ Exit Survey

❑ Course Wrap-Up

Back in the Day

How did your interview go?

Back in the Day *Only

Future Goals

Would anyone like to share anything* about their interview experience?

What is one of your goals for the future?

Values and Goals

Setting goals that align with our values makes us more self-motivated to achieve them!

The decisions we make throughout our lives can move us closer to or further away from our goals…

Setting SMART Goals

Run a mile in 10 minutes or less

The SMART method is a common and practical strategy that helps people set realistic goals…

Setting SMART Goals

Specific

Timing my weekly runs until I can finish a mile in under 10 minutes without walking

8 9 10 11 12 13 ReviewOnly

Setting

SMART Goals

Specific Measurable Achievable R T

Set realistic goals that challenge you but are still possible to accomplish:

My current mile time is 12 minutes and I can train to increase my speed and endurance

Setting

SMART Goals

Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant T

Ensure that your goal is aligned with your values and vision for your future:

Working towards this goal will increase my fitness and help me to stay healthy

Setting SMART Goals

Specific Measurable Achievable

Relevant

Time-based

Set a clear deadline and track your progress along the way:

I have 6 months until the end of the year and can aim to reduce my time by 10 seconds each week

Setting SMART Goals

Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant

Time-based

SMART Goal:

I am going to run a 10-minute mile without stopping by the end of the year.

Setting SMART Goals – Your Turn!

Specific Measurable Achievable

Relevant

Time-based

Yuki is in eighth grade and hopes to go to college after graduating high school. She is really into soccer, but her grades are not where they used to be since she joined the soccer team. She doesn’t want to quit soccer because it has improved her physical and mental health, but she needs to find a better balance to keep her grades up. Help Yuki create a SMART goal to boost her grades this year.

Picturing My Future

Consider your values, goals, and all we have discussed throughout Teen Talk to envision and illustrate your future!

Teen

Exit Survey

Lesson 12 Wrap-Up

Looking Forward

Congratulations!

• What is something you will remember from Teen Talk?

• What was your favorite part of this course?

• How could Teen Talk be improved for the future?

The information from Teen Talk can help you:

• Make informed decisions about your sexual health & relationships

• Advocate for yourself and others

Self-Care Ideas: Get some fresh air Write a letter to your future self Give someone a hug Volunteer in your community