《Greenpost 42期 2008秋季號》Greenpeace 綠色和平｜香港辦公室

42 VOL.

2008 秋季號 AUTUMN ISSUE

CAMPAIGN UPDATE

向天堂雨林出發 STOP FOREST DESTRUCTION COVER STORY

愛書 更愛森林。 Love， Books, Love Forests CAMPAIGN UPDATE

空氣污染 爆標！

Breathing Easy

歡迎您的意見！ 請來信或以電郵提出您的意見或 分享您的環保心得，來信請註明 姓名、電話、地址或電郵 WE WELCOME YOUR INPUT & COMMENTS! Share your views with us about our work or action you have taken for the planet. Please include your name, phone number, address and email address. 版權所有，未經許可，不得翻印 All rights reserved 本刊使用 100% 再造紙及 大豆油墨印刷 Printed on 100% recycled paper using soy ink 閱後請把季刊送贈朋友 Share this newsletter with your friends

Just before the Games started, we released our report: “China after the Olympics: Lessons from Beijing” in which we welcomed Beijing’s moves towards improving the city’s environment as it prepared to host the Olympics. But we also made some constructive criticisms such as pointing out missed opportunities in citywide waste management and water conservation. Most importantly, we urged the government to extend those successful environmental policies implemented because of the Games to other major cities across the nation. We also challenged the International Olympics Committee to make it a requirement that all future host cities implement green measures for the Games.

Our report elicited a huge media response from both domestic and overseas journalists. The Beijing Olympic Organising Committee and the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) were both very positive in their responses. The MEP has also agreed to adopt

：

©Greenpeace/Jeremy Sutton- Hibbert

宏亞印務有限公司 Asia One Printing Limited

The curtain has finally fallen on the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. This great international sporting event prompted both praise and criticism. While there were those that raved about China’s sweep of the gold medals and impeccable professionalism as a host, others found fault with the country’s political record.

But as an environmental organisation we need to take a step back and assess the Games from an independent standpoint. Exactly how well did China do at hosting a “Green Olympics”?

親愛的會員：

印刷 PRINTED BY

Dear Greenpeace Members:

北京奧運璀璨閉幕。有人說中國向 世界展示了大國實力，媒體亦不乏反 思盛世表像底下的矛盾暗流。讚譽吹 噓的，批判挑剔的，各家立場固若金 湯，高清鏡頭下，健兒的悲喜得失掀 動人心，金牌和國旗的認同呼喚讓人 目眩，要對奧運的環境工作給予客觀 公正、不偏不倚的評價，殊非易事。

Gutsage

綠色和平早前發佈了︽超越北京，超 越 2008 ︱北京奧運會環境評估報告︾ ，對京奧籌備過程中的環境成果予以 肯定，同時也指出錯失的機遇，提出 建設性的批評，並對賽事以後環境政 策的持續出台和執行，提出了期望。

設計及製作 DESIGN AND PRODUCTION

能源的引入等，都代表了北京正逐漸 向可持續發展模式邁進的決心。如果 京奧的這些成就能在全國範圍得到推 廣，這將成為中國治理環境問題的一 次根本性飛躍。

黃嫣妍 Emmy Wong Dinah Ruth Gardner

我期望本屆奧運會能夠成為一個起 點：讓其他中國城市和未來的奧運會 ，既汲取北京的經驗，也發揚北京的 成果。

總編輯 CHIEF EDITORS

報告獲得中外媒體的廣泛報導，其中 的主要觀點，即京奧的環境工作，必 須幅射到北京以外的其他城市，在 後繼續推廣普及，更成為許多 2008 關於京奧環境討論的主調。奧組委及 環保部門亦採納了一些具體建議，例 如將於明年在原有 4 項空氣污染物 之上，再加上對臭氧和微細的懸浮粒 子︵ PM2.5 ︶的監控。

地址 Address: 香港西環德輔道西 410 - 418 號 太平洋廣場 8 樓 8/F, Pacific Plaza, 410-418 Des Voeux Road West, Hong Kong 電話 Tel: 2854 8300 傳真 Fax: 2745 2426 網址 Website: www.greenpeace.org.cn 電郵 Email: greenpeace.china@ hk.greenpeace.org

北京奧運凝聚了所有中國人的夢想， 有人希望中國拿最多的金牌，有人 盼望圓強國夢，但我更希望這個夢想 中有著青山綠水，乾淨的空氣，清潔 的能源，讓中國邁向綠色發展，和平 崛起。

綠色和平 Greenpeace China

附：報告下載：

出版 PUBLISHER

www.greenpeace.org/china/zh/new s/green

Vol 37 2007 春季號 Spring Issue

中國作為一個發展中國家，面臨快速 的經濟增長、龐大的人口和環境治理 經驗的匱乏，環境挑戰異常嚴峻。 北京的一些環境和基礎設施改善的長 期措施，如工業技術的升級、公共交 通系統的擴大、世界最嚴格尾氣排放 標準的採納、太陽能與風能等可再生

Vol 42 2008 秋季號 Autumn Issue

綠色視野 Green Vision 盧思騁 項目總監

LO SZE PING Campaign Director

some of our recommendations including the possibility that they will start monitoring two extra air pollutants – PM2.5 and ozone.

China is a developing county and has to contend with the problems associated with rapid economic growth, a massive population, and a widespread lack of experience in regional environmental governance.

These are daunting challenges. Some of the long-term improvements in Beijing’s environment, such as the upgrade in industrial technology, the expansion of its public transport network, the setting of new vehicle exhaust emission standards to the world’s most stringent and the introduction of renewable energy clearly demonstrate Beijing’s determination to pursue sustainable development and set a good example to other cities.

The Beijing Olympics represent a 100-year dream for the Chinese people. Winning the most gold medals is a glorious achievement and the Games has showcased a modern and successful city to the world. But we should not lose this great opportunity to build upon Beijing’s Olympic environmental successes so that China becomes a country that has clean water, clear air and a beautiful nature for future generations to enjoy. I truly hope that this year’s Olympic Games will become a launching pad to creating a greener future for China.

Attachments: If you wish to read our report, please visit: www.greenpeace.org/china/en/news/green

03

環保項目工作

新鮮空氣與藍天，似乎已成為香港人的傳說，因空氣污染而引致的公共健康 問題，每年得花上政府約 11 億公帑解決，政府卻依舊沿用一個 21 年來從沒有 檢討過《空氣質素指標》量度我們的空氣質素。因此一個真實的標準，絕對 是當務之急。項目經理陳宇輝分享了他的看法。 (edward.chan@greenpeace.org)

空氣污染 爆標 香港的空氣質素一直為人詬病。當國際媒體都以香港惡劣的 空氣污染問題作封面故事時，我們卻發覺環保署每年出版的 《空氣質素報告》中總是指香港的空氣質素每年達標率高達 95% 以上。究竟是大家都誤解了香港的空氣污染狀況？還是 環保署「講大話」？

早前，我們透過直接行動在環保署位於中環的路邊空氣質 素監測站，向公眾揭示政府每日公佈的空氣污染指數嚴重脫 節，最終成功迫使香港政府就「空氣質素指標」進行檢討。 這項檢討將於 2008 年內完成，在此綠色和平再一次感謝您 對我們的支持。

出現這種「落差」，其實因為環保署一直在使用一個落後而 過於寬鬆的指標所至。於 1987 年落實的《空氣質素指標》 （下稱《指標》） ，規管香港多種空氣污染物的濃度，政府所 有和空氣污染有關的政策均以《指標》為依歸，當中包括與 廣東省合作的減排協議、對電廠、交通運輸的規管等。

同時，我們 8 月開始於網站推出「空氣污染真相指數」，將 香港各區的空氣污染物濃度與世衛標準作出比較，您可以下 載指數至電腦桌面，或上載至 Blog 與網友分享；此外我們 亦設計了《空氣清．新景點推介》，推介空氣清新的景點。

©Greenpeace

我們需要一個真正反映真相的指標，並以此為基準改善一系 列有關空氣污染的政策，請繼續支持我們，並向朋友廣泛傳 播空氣污染最新資訊。

■ 下載「空氣污染真相指數」、《空氣清．新景點

推介》及接收《空氣污染警報》 www.airtruth.org

GREENPOST 原載於星島日報 9 月 14 日

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

“ 環保團體綠色和平批評 空氣污染指標不合時宜，環 境局局長邱騰華昨日承認， 有關空氣污染指標是八○ 年代末期訂定，政府明白未 必能夠追上社會期望。”

©Greenpeace

令人驚訝的是，相比起世界衛生組織於 2006 年推出的空氣 標準，香港的《指標》異常寬鬆：香港所接受的可吸入懸浮 粒子是世衛標準的 2.75 至 3.6 倍，二氧化氮是世衛標準 的1.5 至 2 倍，而二氧化硫更是世衛標準的 17.5 倍！此外， 《指標》現時亦沒有就對人體有嚴重危害的微細懸浮粒子 （PM2.5，指直徑小於 2.5 微米的粒子，能深入我們的肺部） 制定相關標準。

04

封面故事

2

每

秒，就有一個

如標準足球場般大面積 的森林被砍伐。 全球被砍伐的樹木中， 至少有 40% 的木材 被加工製成不同種類的 紙漿及紙品。

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

©Greenpeace/Rodrigo Baleia

GREENPOST

香港立法會選舉期間，家中收到一疊疊候選人的宣傳單張，心想單單一個選 舉，不知又有幾多樹木被犧牲。再加上日常生活的免費報紙、雜誌，紙張消 耗也越來越多，難道文明，理應毀滅森林？

，

封面故事

愛書

05

我們早前在書展期間，展開了《愛書人 愛森林》工作項目，鼓勵作家及出版社轉用「森林友好型紙張」， 減少紙張耗用，讓我們的原始森林，可以與我們喜愛的書籍並存，同時減緩氣候變化的情況。

更愛森林

。

香港沒有森林，只有「石屎森林」，現在郊野大部份的樹林都是在二次大戰後，前人努力種植而成的「次森林」，原始森林 自然是遙不可及，也看似跟香港人沒有什麼關係。這個夏天，當我們都感到熱不可耐之際，實實在在的體驗氣候變化的來臨 時，但大家又是否知道，原來砍伐森林所釋放出二氧化碳量是繼使用石化燃料後第二大的排放來源？ 由破壞森林所造成的二氧化碳佔全球總排放量 10-25%，已經超越各地交通系統所造成的排放量。全球森林儲藏著超過 4 千億 噸的碳，這個數字大於未來 45 年人類燃燒化石燃料和生產水泥所造成碳排放量的總和。若大量森林被破壞，它們釋放出來的 碳將嚴重地加劇全球氣候變化。所以，拯救森林，也就是拯救氣候。 香港人均紙張消耗已是全球最高之一，甚至超過美國。在 2007 年，香港的用紙量高達100萬噸，超過28 萬噸用作印刷書刊。 公斤，遠高於全球人均耗紙量近 3 倍！面對日益消失的原始森林，我們需要做的還有很多。

全球推動綠色出版

GREENPOST

以一噸紙需要砍掉 20 棵樹來看，需要種植二千萬棵樹才可彌補去年用紙量對環境的損害。而香港人的人均耗紙量高達147.8

雖說「無林不成紙，無紙不成書」，但實際上圖書出版或生活用紙也可以做到不破壞森林的。過去 8 年，綠色和平透過政策 推動、業界研討會、企業遊說、參與各地的書展和圖書館博覽會等工作，促使在美加至歐洲 9 個國家，共 600 萬本圖書以用 後廢料的再造紙印刷，同時令市場新開發了 64 種不同種類的生態友好紙張、更有十多間跨國出版社承諾逐步轉用「森林友好

此外，更有成百上千的著名作家如羅琳（J.K. Rowling）、1998 年諾貝爾文學獎獲得者若澤．薩拉馬戈（Jose Saramago）、 文學家伊莎貝爾．阿連德（Isabel Allende）等等均紛紛回應支持綠化圖書出版業。而最廣為人津津樂道，莫過於《哈利波特》 的魔法成果。自 2003 年起，《哈利波特 5 》在加拿大採用 100% 再造紙印刷，在羅琳的支持下，《哈利波特 7 》在全球 23 個 國家均採用對再造紙或通過森林管理委員會（FSC）認證的紙張印刷，它更被喻為史上最「綠」的圖書。

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

型紙張」。

06

封面故事

第 2 站「上海書展」 在我們的推動下，中國大陸第一部 100% 再造紙印刷的系列圖書《阿米》在上海書 展（8月17日）舉辦首次發佈，短短 2 星期 內已售出超過 3 萬本，可見讀書的反應十 分踴躍。 第 3 站「北京國際圖書博覽會」 在天津舉行的北京國際圖書博覽會（9 月 1 日至 4 日），我們更與大會合作，集中宣傳 綠色出版。在會場內，我們開闢出一片用 再造紙製作的「紙森林」，志願者在場內向 與會公眾講解「森林友好型紙張」與普通

綠

色書展–香港、上海、北京

木漿紙對環境影響的巨大區別，並展出國 內外用「森林友好型紙張」印製的圖書。

今個夏天，我們透過參與三地的書展及圖書博覽會，向公眾及業界發出支持綠色出版的呼 書展雖然完結，但有賴公眾的支持，我們

籲。項目啟動至今，中港兩地已經有 25 位作家及單位作出支持。

會將書展期間收集到的 2,000 多張環保心意 第 1 站「香港書展」

咭，轉交予相關的作者及出版社，並協助

在香港貿易發展局的協助下，綠色和平首次以參展單位的身份出席書展活動。在書展第 2 天

出版社制定綠色出版的指引；同時加強與

的《愛書人 愛森林》主題日，環境局副局長潘潔博士、香港貿易發展局總裁葉澤恩先生、

出版業界和作家聯席組織的溝通，協助籌

歐陽應霽先生、花千樹出版有限公司總編輯葉海旋先生及三十會代表均出席了開幕典禮。在

辦不同形式的公眾教育活動，亦會積極與

《愛書人 愛森林》在分享會上，曾出版多部學術著作的潘潔博士更表示：「最近十數年，我

內地出版單位，籌組綠色出版聯盟，協助

都耗用了很多紙張來寫書寫文，家中由客廳到睡房都放置了很多書。我認為愛書不一定與環

業界進一步應用再造紙或 FSC 認證的紙

境保護對立。隨著技術提高，再造紙的選擇增多，用再造紙印刷的意識將會大大提高。」

張，用行動好好愛護地球。

愛森林作家

陳冠中 資深文化人、國際綠色和平董事

施永青： 中原地產集團主席、am730 主席

簽署支持《愛書人 愛森林》項目 的作家包括（排名不分先後）

“ 不出版連一本也賣不出的書， 不為自我宣傳而送書給別人。”

三十會： 青年專業人士之論壇組織，《三十出頭》的作者

GREENPOST

“ 作為一群愛寫作及愛閱讀的年青人，「三十會」成員 在思考社會問題的同時，亦曾反問自己一個問題：究 竟我們需要多一棵樹、抑或需要多一本書呢？「三十 會」很高興能夠參與綠色和平發起的《愛書人 愛森 林》運動，令到我們可以兩者兼得。 ”

邵家臻 梁文道

文化工作者

時事評論員

沈旭暉：

林蔚文

國際關係研究學者、Roundtable 創辦人

香港大學政治與公共行政學系助理教授

羅永生 嶺南大學文化研究系助理教授

曾繁光 精神科醫生

歐陽應霽

馬家輝：

跨媒體創作人

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

資深傳媒人

“ 文明不是靜止的概念，而是不斷演化的。 昔日印刷術的發明，造就了大量書本和知 識傳播，卻犧牲了生態系統的大片樹林。 到了今天，為了維繫文明的繼續發展， 舊式書本已到了演化、使用再造紙的時候 了。這趨勢是不可逆轉的，正如我們怎 能返回前印刷術時代?”

“ 用好紙張配好筆墨 愛護地球救地球 ” 鄒頌華： Lonely Planet香港作者

“ Be an environmentally friendly writer, reader and publisher ”

黃偉豪 香港中文大學政治與行政學系副教授

如何辨識真正的環保書、環保紙？

綠色和平呼籲業界逐步轉用的「森林友好型」紙張，包括再造紙及通過森林 管理委員會（FSC）認證的紙張印刷圖書。它們，究竟有什麼分別呢？

獲 FSC 認證的紙品 FSC certified 1. 按其原材料的木漿及環保紙漿成份分 FSC 100%, FSC Recycled, FSC Mixed Sources； 2. 附有 FSC 標籤表示其原材料及生產過程均符合 森林管理委員的原則和標準； 3. 森林管理委員會 (Forest Stewardship Council) 是獨立及非牟利國際組織，制定嚴格的林木業管 理、生產及貿易的認證體系。

封面故事

再造紙 Recycled Paper 1. 利用回收廢料（廢紙或農業廢料等）再造的 纖維生產而成的紙張，毋需砍伐森林； 2. 如沒有標明廢料再造成份，一般是指100% 再造成份 ■ 用前廢料 (Pre-consumer Waste) 只經過印刷或加工而未經使用的廢料及沒 有到達最終用家手中的廢料，如裁剪後的 紙條、未經使用的白紙等。 ■ 用後廢料 (Post-consumer Waste) 已經被使用或到達最終用家手中的廢料， 如用後的舊書刊報章、書寫後的紙張等。

07

可循環再造紙張 Recyclable / Eco Paper 1. 紙張本身可作循環再造，不代表紙 張含有任何再造物料成份； 2. 一般書紙、辦公室用紙都可循環再 造，但經過膠的封面、蠟面紙、用 熱膠釘裝的書本雜誌等，都是不可 以循環再造的。

無木纖維的紙張 自古以來，中國傳統製紙技術中，除用木材外，也會利用竹、棉、麻或農業廢料（如蔗渣） 生產紙張，完全不含原木纖維成份。

英國作家協會主席 Graham Lester George：

「如果我們再不行動，我們的後代將只能從書籍上看到森林的圖片。 最大的諷刺在於，正是這些書籍的出版招致了森林的消失。」

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

©Greenpeace/Jeremy Sutton-Hibbert

GREENPOST

08

環保項目工作

沒有煤炭的未來 相信有不少綠色和平的支持者都已為人父母，現在，我們都享 受著美好的環境，可是，我們願意為孩子的未來做些什麼嗎？ 煤炭是中國目前空氣污染和溫室氣體的最主要來源，中國的能源有 70% 左右來自 煤炭，遠高於 40% 的世界平均水準。每年因大量使用煤炭所排放的各種有害物質和 污染物，令孩子每天猶如置身「有毒物樂園」。 小孩子又怎樣看他們的未來？我們早前在北京邀請了 71 名小孩子共同創作了題為 「煤的陰影」和「讓孩子的未來更清潔」兩幅圖畫。讓小孩子親手描繪出充滿污染的 煤炭世界；以及滿懷希望的清潔未來。

綠色和平─ 回應小孩子的希望 我們均希望下一代能在一個清潔的環境下健康成長，因此中國必須減少對 煤炭的依賴，提高能源使用效率和發展可再生能源。 ■ 我們已於 6、7月走訪了北京周邊和內蒙的產煤區，並於 8、9 月間繼續

走訪山西、內蒙等地，瞭解當地的污染破壞狀況，獲得第一手資料。 ■ 我們於10月 27日聯同多間機構及研究所發表「煤炭的真實成本」報告，

以反映煤炭生產及使用過程中巨大的真正成本和危害，並提出政策 建議，讓中國走出對煤炭的依賴。我們會將報告與政府有關部門溝通， 以討論可再生能源的開發和使用問題。 只有減少對煤炭的依賴，大力發展風能和太陽能等可再生能源，才能在滿 足能源需求的同時減緩氣候變化和減少環境污染，請繼續支持我們，為孩 子創造出綠色、健康的未來。

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

©Greenpeace

GREENPOST

09

環保項目工作

氣候變化，關及糧食安全？ 氣候變化所帶來的影響，又豈止一個「熱」字？連帶的極端天氣，除了影響物種的生存，更威脅我們的糧食。 全球已經有 33 個國家因為糧食危機而產生動盪，我們需要立即行動，減少溫室氣體排放，開展生態農業，以保障中國的糧食安全。 2008 年世界糧食日（10月15日）的主題是「世界糧食安全：氣候變化和生物能源的挑戰」。我們發佈了名為《氣候變化與中國糧食安全》 的報告，指出氣候變化主要通過溫度、水資源、極端天氣、土壤、病蟲害等因素影響農業生產。若不及時採取行動，受氣候變化影響， 中國滿足自己糧食需求的能力將在 20 年後無法得到保證。報告同時指出，生態農業可以有效減少溫室氣體的排放，也能因地制宜， 更好地應對氣候變化帶來的威脅。

©Greenpeace/Lankao Gen

要保障糧食安全，我們鼓勵中國大力發展生態農業，並積極減少溫室氣體排放。這樣才能有效地減少氣候變化為中國帶來的影響。

報告下載

www.greenpeace.org/china/ch/press/reports

©Greenpeace

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

©Greenpeace/Daxin Zhang

GREENPOST

FOR MORE!

10

環保項目工作

news

*01 拒絕成為電子垃圾中轉站 多謝你的支持，綠色和平於 6 月收集 到 4,500 個簽名，要求香港政府退回 美國一個裝有廢舊電路板的電子垃圾 貨櫃。可是，香港政府卻在未有第三 方的情況下進行檢查，並倉卒放行可 能裝有有毒電子垃圾的貨櫃。因此， 我們已把香港環保署的決定匯報予國 家環保部，促請相關部門跟進事件。 根據《巴塞爾公約》，廢舊電路板屬 有害廢物、需受到管制，而中國政府 亦已明文規定禁止廢舊電路板進口， 惟香港的法例卻未有管制。由於香港 現行的《廢物處置條例》佈滿漏洞， 綠色和平要求香港政府儘快根據《巴 塞爾公約》修改法例堵塞漏洞，杜絕 有毒電子垃圾、包括廢舊電子零件如 電路板的貿易。以防止更多電子垃圾 被偷運至中國內地，毒害內地的環境 和居民。

news

*02

惠康、百威承諾無基因改造 自 1999 年開始，綠色和平便展開基因改造食物的工作，促使更多食物品牌承 諾不使用基因改造原料。8 月中，惠康超級市場亦向我們承諾旗下食物品牌包 括首選牌（First Choice）及特惠牌（No Frills）產品均屬無基因改造，9 月底， 百威（Budweiser）和哈爾濱（Harbin）啤酒亦作出了「不使用含有基因改造成份 原料」的承諾，讓消費者可以更安心選用。 多謝各會員過去對無基因改造食物項目的支持，我們會繼續努力推動更多品牌 走上無基因改造道路。

news

GREENPOST

自 2006 年起，綠色和平建立綠蘋 果行動網站，號召蘋果電腦的消費 者們一同呼籲蘋果電腦無毒化。2 年後，我們終於得到好消息！ 9 月底，蘋果公司總裁宣佈最近生 產的iPod產品，iPod Touch、iPod Nano和 iPod Classic 等將淘汰多種 有毒化學物質。讓蘋果在最新推出 的綠色電子產品排行榜上排名有所 提升。希望在不久的將來，我們更 能見到 iPhone 和 Mac 也能走上更 綠的道路。

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

FOR MORE! 最新綠色電子產品排行榜 諾基亞繼續進佔榜首 www.greenpeace.org/china/ch/news/nokiatops-greener-electronics-guide

*03

下載最新《避免基因改造食物指南2008》 www.greenpeace.org/china/ch/campaigns/foodand-agriculture/ge-food/foodguide#index

FOR MORE!

更綠的 ipod 終於面世！

FOR MORE! www.greenpeace.org/china/ch/news/green-beijing -olympics-report/full-report ■ 「北京藍天，喊出來」

www.greenpeace.org/china/zh/news/beijing-bluesky

環保項目工作

■ 有關報告詳細內容，請瀏覽

11

綠色奧運 北京奧運會，是中國最好的機會去推動北京的環保工作。綠色和平於 7 月底發佈《超越北京，超越 2008——北京奧運會環境評估報告》，以獨立評估 2008 年北京奧運會的環保工作。 我們認為，北京部份改善環境和基礎設施的長期措施，如取暖方式由煤改電、採納世界最嚴格汽車廢氣 排放標準、增加太陽能與風能等可再生能源的應用等，都代表了北京邁向可持續發展的決心。可是評估 報告亦指出，北京錯失了一些可以加速改善環境的機會。譬如： ■ 北京繼續增設垃圾堆填區和焚化爐來處理垃圾，而未有利用奧運會契機推動「零垃圾」政策； ■ 工廠搬遷和陳舊設備升級等措施，仍與推行全面清潔生產距離甚遠； ■ 限制汽車行走並非解決城市交通和空氣污染問題的根本方案； ■ 奧組委推出了鼓勵環保的政策和技術的指導性文件，但由於並非強制政策，實施效果因而打了折扣。

為了能夠讓「藍天」得以繼續，相應的長期環境措施是必需的。對此，北京市環保局正廣泛接受市民建 議。綠色和平亦舉行「北京藍天，喊出來」活動，將大家的呼聲提交給北京市環保局。

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

©Greenpeace/Kuang Yin

GREENPOST

12

圖片故事 「希

望號

8.29

舞蹈

團前

來

， 迎接

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」開

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8.25

Stop Forest Destruction

向天堂雨林出發

迎接「希望

號」順利抵

在巴布亞新畿內亞的天堂雨林，9 成的木材都屬於非法採伐， 而每 10 根從熱帶雨林出口的原木，就有 5 根被運往中國。

森林破壞已導致全球每年約 2 成的溫室氣體排放。而在巴布亞新畿內亞的天堂雨林，破壞情況更已經失 控。 我今次出發，除了與當地的學生於「希望號」上作出交流外，同時亦參與行動，跟其他行動成員 截停了一艘運載非法砍伐木材的「星港（Harbour Gemini）」號貨船。我們發現這批木材是賣給一家香 港註冊公司，並運到中國進行加工。「希望號」上的綠色和平成員爬到貨船的起重機，懸掛一條寫著 『拯救森林，保護氣候』的巨大橫額，阻止了非法木材繼續運到貨船上。

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

雖然好消息經已出現，印尼蘇門答臘島的廖內省政府於日前宣布實施「臨時禁伐令」，避免數十億噸 二氧化碳釋放到大氣中，有效期至全國性禁伐令表決通過為止，但這只是成功的第一步。 我們需要你繼續的支持，推動『永久禁伐令』，保護森林，同時保護氣候！ 有關我更詳細的航行日誌 www.greenpeace.org/china/zh/news/ship-tour

All images ©Greenpeace/Jeremy Sutton-Hibbert

GREENPOST

我，易蘭，綠色和平項目主任，於 8 月跟隨「希望號」前往巴布亞新畿內亞，努力與 不同國家的同事及志願者，一起揭露及阻止這裏的森林破壞，保護美麗的天堂雨林。

達莫爾茲比

港。

8.25

們 我教他

用中文

寫出「

森林」

。

8.29

9.4

舟，舉 們的獨木 ！ 了 著乘著他 雨林的土 ，趕來歡迎我們 的 banner

著自製

來自綠色 此刻都是 和平，和來自當 志願者。 地雨林的 ，

9.9

雨林村莊的孩子都很害 起相機，他們就靦腆的 羞，每當我舉 孩子就會哈哈大笑。 看著我，而其他

9.4 比「希

望號」

還要巨

大的「

9.4 港星」

貨船。

9.4

9.21

9.4

“Forest 」船上塗上 潮水不斷搖 艇在「港星 我乘著橡皮 英文大字，橡皮艇隨使勁塗上 候，我才能 繼續塗⋯⋯ Destruction” 近船身的時 擺，每次靠 再被拖離貨船，再靠近 後 然 ， 一筆

源不斷 止，源 們不阻 運出了。 我 果 如 將又被 木材即

的

「希望號」巧遇火

山爆發。

行動者爬上 貨輪上的 起重機，懸 掛橫額阻止 非法木材 運輸。

9.4

在「港星」貨船上塗上信息， 我們即將大功告成！

9.4

14

COVERSTORY

“ If we don’t act now, the terrible irony is that our great grandchildren will only know of our ancient forests through pictures in books printed on the paper that contributed to their destruction.”

Graham Lester George, Chair, Writers Guild of Great Britain

If you love a good read you might be saddened to know that the books on your shelves may have played a part in the destruction of the world’s forests.

Love books, Our appetite for paper

About 40 percent of the timber logged globally goes into paper production. China is the world’s second-largest paper producer and consumer, according to 2006 statistics. Hong Kong is close behind, with the average paper consumption per capita three times the global average. Each year, every Hong Kong resident uses on average about 150 kg of paper compared with the global average of 50 kg per capita.

GREENPOST

Hong Kong used about one million tons of paper last year. About 280,000 tons of that went on making books and periodicals. For each ton of paper we need to cut down 20 trees.

Our appetite for paper, one of China’s four great inventions, is destroying our ancient forests. As the jungle is pulped into books, magazines and packaging we are pumping up the production of greenhouse gas and driving endangered species into extinction.

Why forests are important

The forests are home to two thirds of the world’s plants and animals including many endangered species such as gorillas, chimpanzees and orangutans. The forests also shelter millions of indigenous people whose lives and culture depend on their survival.

©Greenpeace

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

Forests influence weather by controlling rainfall and evaporation of water from the soil.

They also help stabilise the climate by storing large amounts of carbon that would otherwise contribute to climate change.

Forests are vitally important in regulating the earth’s climate. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s newest report, greenhouse gas emissions from forest destruction and deforestation account for approximately 20 percent of the total global amount. This is second only to the burning of fossil fuels and more than the total yearly emissions from all the world's planes, trucks and cars.

What Greenpeace is doing about it

Since 2000, Greenpeace has been calling on publishers and authors to switch to Ancient Forest Friendly (AFF) paper.

AFF paper is paper that is either recycled or made from wood pulp certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC).

Since the start of that campaign, worldwide more than six million books have been printed on recycled paper.

More than 10 major publishers, including Pearson (Penguin) and Random House (Canada, UK and the US) have pledged to gradually switch to using AFF paper.

Also hundreds of authors around the world have supported our Books Campaign, including Harry Potter creator JK Rowling, German author Isabel Allende, and Nobel Prize winner Jose Saramago.

15

COVERSTORY

love forests Book fairs: Greenpeace does Hong Kong, Shanghai and Tianjin

This year our “Booklovers for Forests” action took the Books Campaign to Hong Kong and Mainland China. We set up our stall promoting AFF paper at book fairs in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Tianjin. We met with a lot of encouraging support from publishers, authors and readers.

So far at least 25 Hong Kong and mainland Chinese writers have signed up and China’s very first book printed on 100 percent recycled paper has been published with Greenpeace’s help. The Chinese translation of Chilean author Barrios Enrique’s “Ami, Child of the Stars" came out this summer and sold more than 30,000 copies in the first two weeks. Scores of publishers signed up at our stalls at the book fairs, promising to look into switching to AFF paper.

How to recognise AFF paper?

If there is no percentage figure added then this symbol means the product is made from 100% recycled paper.

FSC

Paper produced with virgin fibre originating from forests certified to the standards of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)

Recyclable

Avoid the “recyclable” trap – almost all paper can be recycled – so even if a brand is “100 percent recyclable” it may not be made from recycled fibre

Tree free

Paper made from non-wood sources (eg agricultural residue, cotton, hemp, and flax)

What you can do ■ ■ ■

Choose books that are printed on AFF paper; Write to your favourite author asking him or her to switch to AFF paper; Tell all the booklovers you know to support AFF paper.

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

Recycled

GREENPOST

We will continue to lobby the publishing industry to stop supporting the destruction of forests and thus the exacerbation of climate change. We are looking forward to even more commitment from publishers, authors, and book lovers next year. We don’t need to sacrifice our precious forests to enjoy a good book!

easy BREATHING

16

CAMPAIGNUPDATE

Fresh air and blue skies: the stuff of legend for Hong Kong residents.

For years now, belching power stations and bumper-to-bumper traffic have clogged our air with strangling smog and triggered breathing complications. It is estimated public health problems from air pollution are costing Hong Kong at least HK$11 billion annually. And the government doesn’t even use an honest system of gauging whether our air is polluted or not.

The Real Air Pollution Index When the government’s Environmental Protection Department reports Hong Kong air quality – namely its Air Pollution Index – it’s using an outdated standard that hasn’t been revised for more than 20 years.

Critics say it sets the benchmark too low and so gives a false sense of security. More importantly, it’s not in line with current World Health Organisation guidelines, which are much stricter.

The lies in numbers

Hong Kong’s outdated guidelines*

WHO guidelines*

180 (0ver 24 hours) 240 (over one hour) 200 (over one hour) 350 (over 24 hours)

50 (0ver 24 hours) 100 (over eight hours) 300 (in one hour) 20 (over 24 hours)

(Concentrations are in micrograms per m3)

Particulates Ozone Nitrogen dioxide Sulphur dioxide

*Both Hong Kong's and the WHO's guidelines are targets on outdoor air pollution concentrations. They are not considered absolute safe levels but they are considered to significantly reduce health risks.

GREENPOST

From the table you can see that for all the air pollutants, listed Hong Kong guidelines are much weaker than WHO’s. In the case of sulphur dioxide, it is over 17 times weaker!

These four air pollutants are linked with a range of respiratory diseases from asthma and breathing difficulties to lung cancer.

Greenpeace wants the government to implement an updated and honest air monitoring system so we can learn the truth about the air we breathe.

In September we launched our “Real Air Pollution Index.” Every hour we take air pollution levels from government air quality monitoring stations around Hong Kong and check them against WHO standards. Join our Air Quality Patrol: download our Real Air Quality Index and spread the word by posting it to your blog or web site or emailing to your friends.

©Greenpeace

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

After Greenpeace challenged the government, Secretary for the Environment Edward Yau said they would come up with preliminary plans on how to review the way they calculate the Air Pollution Index. The government is accepting public views on this until October 31. Join Greenpeace in demanding the government come clean about our air quality and to start using WHO guidelines.

Join our campaign to help us bring clean air to Hong Kong. www.greenpeace.org/china/en/

17

news

CAMPAIGNUPDATE

*01

Coal: a real dirty fuel

The Rainbow Warrior has been busy carrying our message, “Quit Coal, Lead the Energy [R]evolution,” across Asia. In July the ship landed in Thailand for 21 days of action when our campaigners petitioned the Thai Ministry of Energy to reject the expansion of coal power stations and staged a banner protest outside a Belgian-owned coal power plant.

Meanwhile, in China, Greenpeace and 71 primary school students highlighted the dangers of burning coal on child health with a painting day at the China Science and Technology Museum in June. The children, from Beijing Fangcaodi Primary School, created two huge paintings and speeches were given by health experts.

We are also in the middle of an investigation into the dangers of coal from its mining to its processing to its burning. To bolster our policy advisory role, we have commissioned a report on “The True Cost of Coal,” with the World Wildlife Fund and The Energy Foundation.

The report is due out in late October.

Coal is the dirtiest, most carbon intensive of all fossil fuels and accounts for roughly 20 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Burning coal also releases massive amounts of toxic substances such as mercury and arsenic which have deadly impacts on human health. We don’t need coal: we need an Energy Revolution.

Hong Kong’s toxic trade

Greenpeace activists in June successfully stopped containers of illegal electronic waste from being offloaded into Hong Kong. The toxic cargo came from the US and was bound for China’s Sanshui district.

news

*02

Cheers to GE Free Beer!

Anheuser-Busch has confirmed that all beer sold under its Budweiser and Harbin labels are GE Free!

This good news came hot on the heels of Wellcome, the Hong Kong supermarket chain, promising to eradicate all GE ingredients in its home brands: “No Frills” and “First Choice.” It’s another great victory thanks to your strong support and comes only after we challenged the company on its genetically-engineered food policy for more than three years.

Download our Hong Kong GE-Free Shopper’s Guide here: www.greenpeace.org/china/en/ campaigns/food-and-agriculture /ge-food/food-safety/foodguide

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

www.greenpeace.org/inter national/news/illegal-e-wasteexposed140708

*03

GREENPOST

When impoverished workers sift through these poisonous mountains of e-waste looking for parts to sell they are exposed to hazardous chemicals. This dangerous cocktail not only threatens human health, it also pollutes the water, soil and air.

Hong Kong must stop turning a blind eye to this illegal and toxic trade.

news

18

CAMPAIGNUPDATE

news

*04 Japan’s dirty whale trade

Japan is prosecuting two brave Greenpeace activists after they unearthed the dirty truth behind the country’s whale trade.

Junichi Sato and Toru Suzuki were slammed in jail for 26 days after they showed how whale ship crew members regularly thieve prime cuts of whale meat and sell it for a personal profit of up to US$3,000 a go. Just weeks after they delivered one of these boxes of stolen whale meat to the Public Prosecutor in Tokyo as evidence, police dropped investigations into the stolen meat and arrested Junichi and Toru instead!

With your support – more than 250,000 of you sent letters to Japan’s prime minister to protest their treatment – and lobbying by human rights groups including Amnesty International – the two have now been released on bail but face charges of trespass and theft.

news

*05

Climate change threatens food security

including the key one of climate change, may squeeze China’s food production ability so that by the year 2050 the country can only grow about 3/4 of what it produced in 2000.

Greenpeace’s new report, “Climate Change and Food Security in China,” launched on October 15, the eve of World Food Day 2008, warns that climate change is threatening China’s food security.

For the sake of food security, we are urging China to promote ecological farming – a method that is much better able to cope with the changes wrought by climate change and one that produces far less greenhouse gases than chemical intensive agriculture.

Climate change doesn’t just mean a “warmer” world, it also means a “hungrier” world.

The report, which includes research from top scientists from the China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, predicts that because of China’s unique geography – its sheer size and terrain – several factors

www.greenpeace.org/china/ en/news/climate-change-foodsecurity

A greener shade of Olympics?

The Olympic Games was China’s big chance to clean and green Beijing. Seven years and more than US$17.6 billion later, how well did they do?

Just weeks before the Games started we released our “China after the Olympics: Lessons from Beijing,” report which concluded that the country had done much to clean up the capital’s famous smoggy skies but could have done better in several areas including water conservation, waste management and transparency of environmental practices.

The government won a gold medal for using state-of-the-art renewable energy-saving technologies in the Olympic Village, tightening up new vehicle emissions, expanding the subway network and weaning residents off coal heating. However it did not do so well in making sure construction timber was forest friendly and expanding its water saving technologies to new buildings outside of the Olympic venues.

More importantly, Greenpeace hopes China will spread Beijing’s new green practices to all cities across the Mainland. www.greenpeace.org/china/en/press/reports/green

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

©Greenpeace/Simon Lim

GREENPOST

#1 Poisoning the poor in Ghana

The e-waste is often made up of broken computers and TVs from brands such as Philips, Canon, Dell, Microsoft, Nokia, Siemens and Sony. They travel in containers falsely labeled as “second-hand goods,” allowing the exporters to bypass laws prohibiting trade in e-waste.

19

CAMPAIGNUPDATE

In August, Greenpeace discovered Europe and South Korea was illegally exporting toxic electronic waste to Ghana that was causing horrendous pollution. Our teams tested samples from the trash and found it contained hazardous chemicals. Many samples contained toxic metals including lead and chemicals linked to cancer and fertility problems.

www.greenpeace.org/china/en/news/poisoning-the-poor -electroni

update International

#2 Paradise lost Greenpeace activists prevented a ship owned by Malaysian logger Rimbunan Hijau from offloading rainforest timber from the Paradise Forests in Papua New Guinea in September.

Forest destruction accounts for around 20 percent of the world’s global greenhouse gas emissions every year.

Logging in Papua New Guinea’s rainforests is out of control.

Greenpeace ship, the Esperanza, is currently on its tour of the Paradise Forests on a “Forests for Climate” campaign, spreading the message that deforestation is exacerbating climate change. Greenpeace China’s forest campaigner, Yilan, is also on board.

www.greenpeace.org/china/en/news/riau-victory

#3 Victory for the Amazon

Research shows the ban is working: soya harvested this year in the Brazilian Amazon has not come from newly deforested areas. We’re not out of the woods yet, but this decision should be celebrated and built upon to protect all ancient forests for the future. Not only do ancient forests protect plants, animals and indigenous peoples but they also stabilise the world’s climate.

www.greenpeace.org/international/news/amazon-soya-moratorium -renewed-170608

AUTUMN ISSUE 08

Great news for the Amazon Rainforest: in June Brazil agreed to extend a two-year moratorium on the trade in soya beans grown on newly deforested land for another year. Soya bean traders had originally agreed to the ban in 2006 after Greenpeace demonstrated that the forest was being destroyed by soya farmers expanding their plantations.

GREENPOST

But there is good news for one area of the Paradise Forests! In August, the Indonesian province of Riau announced an interim ban on forest clearing. Riau, one of the areas currently worst affected by rapid deforestation, will keep the ban until a national law is agreed. Greenpeace will continue to push for Indonesia to enforce a nationwide ban on deforestation.

©Greenpeace/Jeremy Sutton-Hibbert

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