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DeSantis’ Budget Recommends Billions 2017 forecast: in Funding for Environmental Priorities VOLUME 21 NUMBER 3 ◆ MARCH 2017

Steakhouses beef up menus with new twists on American classics G

By PATRICK GILLESPIE

overnor Ron DeSantis’ recommended

Rockville, MDwhich - When comes to in Februbudget, heitsubmitted American cuisine, there are few things ary to the Florida Legislature, is full of enmore iconic than steakhouses.

The billions Legislative Bills to Watch, vironmental priorities, including slabs marbled meat, theinsizzling Upcoming Policy Items of of dollars of investment Everglades grills, the oozing butter, and the driprestoration, water quality improvement, ping bravado, maybe even a cowboy PAGE 5 land conservation, springs protection, and hat or two for ambiance—it's enough other major funding items. to make even fictional steakophile Ron Analysis: Swanson misty-eyed.

Florida By law, the Governor must submit a CateringCities industryGrapple with Yet for all the traditional steak dinFluoride in Water Supply budget at least 30 days nersrecommended ordered daily, there are restaurants revenues on before the 60-day legislative session, nationwide pushing the concept the the rise 4 7 which begins March 4. The of PAGE all-American steakhouse to newFlorida culi- House Representatives FloridareSenate will naryofheights, accordingand to market Photo courtesy Executive Office of Governor Ron DeSantis “Big Data” — craft their proposed and negotiate search firm Packaged Factsbudgets in the brand Does your early May. DeSantis and measurable nutrient reducRiver Lagoon, Caloosahatchee River newbudget reportitems 2017through Forecast: Culinary then has line-item tions in key waterbodies across the and Biscayne Bay Trend Tracking Series. veto authority once the restaurant "The steakhouse is back will Florida Legislature passesand its budget and state and to implement the recneed it?

7 capture our 2017. Not that sends it attention to him forinreview. ommendations of the Blue-Green • $80 million is provided for water the classic restaurant style ever disapAlgae Task Force supply programs, including $20 Chefs and consumers both want and sustainable sourcing, local and peared, but the a renewal of the is Among highlights of model the Governor’s million in dedicated funding for their meat to taste delicious and to feel seasonal produce, and global flavors Rise Bisquits taking place response to new sources Focus oninFiscal Responsibility Budget for • This includes $80 million investNorthwest Florida’s Water Supply good about its’ consumption, too. This and forms, all done within the steakof beef andYear new 2025-26 flavorful expressions of Donuts to open Fiscal are: ment for the Lower Kissimmee Program with expanded eligibilinew breed of steakhouse broadcasts its house format showcasing cuts of meat concept that get chefs and in Coral Springs tackling the How is Florida Basin Stormwater Treatment Area with a ty for allofbasins 11 the mission to support local ranchers, facas entrées choice sides. excited," says David Sprinkle, regrowing problem of derelict diners • $805 million dedicated to Ever-tor in sustainability Project to reduce the levelsMoreover, of and animal welfare, new menu categories (such search director, Packaged Facts. vessels? glades restoration efforts, including phosphorus and nitrogen in the • service The budget recommends $132 miland create a dining experience that as flatbreads) and elements Today's steakhouse menus increasthe grass-fed Comprehensive Kissimmee showcases culinary flair, notRiver just a before grill flowing freshen the concept. lion to support land acquisition and Del Taco spices ingly feature cattle, Everglades locally PAGE 9raised animals, Restoration EAAmeat Reservoir, into Lake Okeechobee recreation development assistance master's skill at cooking steak to the reheritagePlan, varieties, up expansion in Everglades quested doneness. These operations About the Reportprograms, as well as $69 million to butchered Northern and dry aged in-house,and andEstuarthe Southeast 13 dishes thatiesstem are also designed to be more inclusive, CulinaryFlorida TrendState Park Protection Plan andanithe Lake • Also included is $470 million2017 to Forecast: support from the whole more of a great place for all kinds of Tracking Series offers an outlook on the Okeechobee Watershed Plan support several water quality grant mal, not just the premium cuts. And people to dine well, not just traditionculinary trends—the foods, dishes, ingreprograms in part through newly es• $100 million is recommended for that's just the meat. Creative side minded men on expense accounts. dients and flavors—that Packaged Facts up from $50 mildishes in lieu of old standards, global • $600 million for targeted water tablished revenue stream dedicated beach programs, modern steakhouse expects to grow in popularity 2017. and seasonal flavors, and a wider menu quality improvements and springsAs a result, the in the Seminole Gaming Compact, lion inin the current budget is increasingly similar to other modern selection also distinguish these new protection efforts for meaningful including funding for the Indian Advertisers Directory . . . . . . . 2 See STEAKHOUSE page 11 restaurants with a focus on distinctive school operations.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 4

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Volume 47, Number 2

A Q&A with DEP Secretary Jollibee's U.S.Former expansion continues Shawn with firstHamilton Florida location opening Jacksonville, FL - After much anticbeen the talk of the town since 2016.

"As Jollibee debuts in Florida, we

By PATRICK GILLESPIE dad opening, picking Floridians will Have theonly right people in the ipation and excitement, Jollibee, the With the anticipate seeing not a multiupJollibee's the dinner positions. largest Asian restaurant company, is get to try signature menu tude of excitedright Jollibee patrons waithawninHamilton resigned the Sectab (which now open Jacksonville.

This isasthe items such as theI world famous ing to get their hands on their Jollibee retaryinof the Florida of Chickenjoy. love, by thedish way).is delicately Q: first-timers What division, section or program 36th store the US, as wellDepartment as This favorites, but also waiting the first in the state and in November breaded to be crispylicious to have their did ownyou Jollibee experiEnvironmental Protection interact with at the Department Southeast US. Ittwo opened theLeading outside and juicylicious ence," said Jose after nearly decades in the agency. He onQ: that Miñana, you didn’tJollibee anticipate would be the torose the through public on inside.

The well-loved Jolly Foods Corporation's President the Department’s Northwest a large and most Group interesting?

March 18, 2017. is aagency favorite of both kids for North America. "There's no District office to Deputy Secretary of Land Spaghetti complex Jacksonville and kids-at-heart because greater joy forA: usEach thandivision serving and the program are exciting and Recreation to Secretary in 2021. He is comes with i snow t h eDepartment most of its signature sweetneeds and tastes of Jollibee fans in at any given point Manager for Dewberry, unique challengin their own ways and populous city in style sauce, loaded with the community. At Jollibee, we aim to a nationwide planning, design, and cones. What leaderare deserving of the singular title as the Shawn Hamilton the Sunshine State, chunky slices of savory bring families together for happy struction firm. ship lessons did most important. Many people are familiar as well as home to ham, ground meat, moments over great tasting food with you learn that stuck with you? with the environmental inspector who the largest Filipinoand hotdog. Other superior value, served with warm Below is a Q&A format with Hamilton, checks for own compliance American community classic menu faand friendly service – our brand at various regulated on longhis time of public service, A: Make sure all levels ofthe the organization facilities; or the engineer who is responsiinreflecting Florida. The vorites include of joy." what hearrival learned,ofwhat shaped his service, are connected the mission blebecome for the areview awaited juicytoand cheesy and have The abrand has symbolof ofcomplex designs for and what clear understanding of how individuwater,childhood wastewater, solid waste, stormwater, Jollibee in thehe’s citydoing has now.

Jolly Hotdog, and theirnostalgia and warm memal responsibilities contribute overall coastal Filipinos projects;in or those who every day the Peach Mango Pie, to the ories for manyor overseas Q: After decades in state service, why did success of the organization. andJollibee in all kinds of conditions take hunwhich is made with real Then, thetake U.S. To many, is the go-to you decide to move into the private sector? every Philippine opportunity to acknowledge those of Filipinos dreds of quality samples throughout sweet manrestaurant forwater both special goes andprivately a flaky golden contributions and publicly. the state to allow for data driven decisions; See JOLLIBEE page others.

15 brown crust.

A: Simply put, family. Our two oldest sons and many

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and their families live in Tampa, and our youngest son is transferring to the University of South Florida (USF). My wife and I dreamed of doing day-to-day life with our family — share dinners, visit the beach, go fishing, have game nights, and spend Sundays together at church followed by

As a leader, it’s your responsibility to make decisions. Often, I’ve seen leaders get stuck and become unable or unwilling to make a decision. You should always gather relevant council, but at the end of the day, as leaders, it’s critical that you make decisions in order to move the mission of your organization forward.

However, the agency’s ability to complete its mission also depends on the teams that navigate the complex state procurement and budget processes, those that perform the laboratory analysis of the CONTINUED ON PAGE 12

Aiding Our Producers and Protecting Our Springs: Northwest Florida Water Management District’s Agricultural Cost-Share Program

SPECIFIER PUBLISHING LLC Publisher

Editor-In-Chief PATRICK GILLESPIE

Staff Writers BLANCHE HARDY, PG Senior Correspondent

LINA ALFIERI STERN

MBA, MSRED, LEED Green Associate

Contributing Writers and Columnists STEVE BRAUN Florida Department of Transportation

Photo Courtesy Northwest Florida Water Management District, Darryl Boudreau

By STAFF REPORTS

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prinkled among the expansive green fields in Jackson County are towering irrigation systems, crop rows stretching to the horizon, and lazily grazing cattle.

These are the lands of local producers, farmers and landowners of the largest agricultural area in northwest Florida. Not only do these lands provide food for our communities but they are integral to the welfare of the neighboring Jackson Blue Spring, and, ultimately, the Chipola River.

With the aim of protecting these water resources, the Northwest Florida Water Management District (District), in cooperation with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, launched the Agricultural Cost-Share Program to work with local producers to find ways to reduce the strain on water supplies and lessen nitrate concentrations in groundwater caused by agricultural practices. The program, which has been going strong for the past 13 years, has experienced so much success that its eligibility area has recently been expanded from solely the Jackson Blue Spring Basin Management Plan (BMAP) area to also include the greater Chipola River Springs Groundwater Contribution Area (GWCA).

The focus of the District’s grant program is to provide cost-share funding for eligible equipment purchases and agricultural practices that reduce water use or nitrogen application. Producers can choose from a list of eligible equipment and practices, ranging from nutrient and irrigation management to conservation tillage and livestock management. Some producers may focus on retrofitting their existing irrigation systems with newer, more efficient technology, while others might focus on systems that reduce the amount of fertilizer applied to crops.

surface of the soil profile rather than losing them through leeching below the root zones. Data collected by the UF/IFAS has shown that the sod-based rotation farming system has the potential to reduce irrigation water usage and nitrogen usage by 50 percent while increasing crop yields from 15 to 40 percent.

To achieve maximum efficacy, producers who opt into the sod-based crop rotation grant program will begin a four-year crop rotation plan. Initially, perennial grass is grown for the first two years, with or without cattle grazing. Then, in the third year, a peanut or other legume crop is planted on top of the grass that has been killed via herbicide treatment. Finally, a crop with higher nitrogen requirements, such as corn or cotton, is planted in the fourth year.

For a producer to receive funding from the Agricultural Cost-Share Program, there are several requirements that must be met for program eligibility. These include having the project site be owned or leased by the producer, it must be located within the Jackson Blue Spring BMAP or the Chipola River Springs GWCA, and it must be in regulatory compliance.

Additionally, the producer and project site must be enrolled in the applicable Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Agriculture Best Management Practices program, all irrigation projects must have a prior qualifying Mobile Irrigation Lab evaluation, and all equip-

ment purchased under District cost-share within the past five years must be inspected by District staff prior to entering into a new cost-share agreement. Lastly, the project must not be funded from any other cost-share programs.

Once all requirements have been met, producers may apply for cost-share assistance using their Notice of Intent (NOI) once per calendar year for each equipment and practices and/or cover crops, with a September 30 deadline for applications.

Under the program, the District will fund 75 percent of qualifying equipment and practices costs with the producers providing the remaining 25 percent. Cover crop reimbursement rates are approximately $55 per acre for single species and $65 per acre for multiple species, limited to 300 acres per NOI. Maximum reimbursement for equipment and practices and cover crops combined is $100,000 per grant funding source.

DANIELLE FITZPATRICK St. Johns River Water Management District GARRETT SNIDER Southwest Florida Water Management District KEYNA CORY Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation JOE BALOG Mighty River Recovery

Learn More For those interested in participating in the Agricultural Cost-Share program, or anyone looking for more information, please visit https:// nwfwater.com/Water-Resources/ Agriculture/.

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A newer part of this program deals with sod-based crop rotation. Originally developed by the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/ IFAS), sod-based crop rotation alternates grass production with legume and row crop production and has shown to improve soil composition and increase crop yields. If cattle are also present and grazing in the same fields, there is the added benefit of cycling nutrients at the

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ASHLEE SKLUTE Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

Florida Specifier P.O. Box 1857 Tallahassee, FL 32302 Admin@FloridaSpecifier.com

MARCH / APRIL 2025

Florida Specifier

FDOT’s Construction of the New U.S. 1 Bridge in Jupiter Preserves History, Strengthens Florida’s Supply Chain, and Protects Florida’s Natural Resources

By STEVE BRAUN

A

s the Town of Jupiter celebrates its centennial anniversary this year, the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) is proud to add to the celebration with the partial opening of the U.S. 1 Jupiter Bridge reconstruction project.

The U.S. 1 Jupiter Bridge serves as the gateway between the Town of Jupiter and the Village of Tequesta, where the waters of the Jupiter Inlet and Loxahatchee River meet. It is surrounded by natural parks, vibrant beaches, and a mixture of residences, restaurants, local businesses, hotels, and entertainment venues making it an iconic destination for travelers from around the world. The new bridge stands tall alongside the Jupiter Inlet Lighthouse, which has major historical significance to the community.

With these unique features surrounding the area of the bridge, FDOT made it a priority to minimize any impact to historical structures and the environment throughout all phases of construction.

The old bridge, built in 1958, had two lanes in each direction with narrow 2-foot shoulders and no bike lanes or sidewalks. Upon completion of the reconstruction project, the new US 1 Jupiter Bridge will feature: • Two 11-foot travel lanes in each direction • 8-foot sidewalks in each direction separated by traffic barriers • 7-foot striped bike lanes in each direction • Observation decks on both sides of the bridge Additionally, the vertical bridge clearance is being raised by 10 feet, which will reduce the need for bridge openings by 44 percent. This shortens commute times for motorists, improves the evacuation route, allows for easier travel for vessels under the bridge, and enhances safety by minimizing rear-end collisions at the bridge approaches.

This $122 million demolition and reconstruction project began in October 2021 after years of detailed planning, design, and stakeholder engagement. Closing a major throughfare, especially for a major bridge reconstruction, is no small feat.

Before reconstruction could begin, the project team had to complete numerous improvements to the surrounding area to ensure the detour routes could handle the increased capacity and to minimize the impact on the public and the environment.

The Alternate A1A bridge over the Loxahatchee River serves as the only other connector over the Loxahatchee River and was a critical connection point between the two communities. FDOT upgraded and repaired the A1A bridge and other intersections along the detour route to prepare for a substantial increase in traffic. A ‘Smart Work Zone’ was also implemented by installing intelligent transportation system (ITS) devices, (live- streaming cameras) to monitor traffic and adjust signal timing in real time to improve connectedness and shorten travel times through the detour route. The detour and use of Active Arterial Management system (ITS and Geo fencing) during construction allowed

Florida Specifier

for the new bridge to be completed 6 to 8 months earlier than anticipated.

As a core mission of the Department, FDOT works to ensure the natural environment around all of our construction projects are minimally impacted during construction. This has remained an essential element for all work on this project since the bridge closed for complete demolition in March 2023. The old existing bridge material was transported to a concrete facility to be recycled and reused. The old bridge’s scupper drainage system, which allowed stormwater runoff to discharge directly into the Jupiter Inlet, was replaced with a closed stormwater system that will pretreat the roadway runoff before entering the Jupiter Inlet.

Whenever FDOT projects take place in areas of great historical significance, we bring an archaeologist on site during all excavation activities near the water to safeguard any historical finds. Nighttime noise-producing activities were also limited to protect the sensitive aquatic species that traverse the waterways at night.

Photo Courtesy FDOT

FDOT took steps to ensure the safety and preservation of the 164-year-old Jupiter Inlet Lighthouse and its adjacent facilities.

The Lighthouse’s original Fresnel Lens was meticulously wrapped during pile-driving activities for the bridge foundation to prevent damage. The wrapping stayed in place for several months, temporarily causing the Lighthouse to go dark. Crews monitored vibration during this time to maintain the buildings’ structural integrity and to help the team decide when the wrapping could be safely removed.

Photo Courtesy FDOT

Another area the FDOT team sought to protect was the historic U.S. Navy Married Men’s Housing Quarters, an important facility that housed senior radiomen and their families during World War II. These men were part of Station J, a secret operation that intercepted communications and identified U-boats off the Florida coast during the war. The housing units for these men and their families aimed to give some semblance of normalcy during the war.

To preserve this area, FDOT added extra support and protection to the chimneys of the building, which will remain in place until construction is completed. As an additional layer of precaution, pile-driving operations and other work on water were done during daylight hours only so our team could visibly identify any disturbance to the area.

On Dec. 31, 2024, the US 1 Jupiter Bridge partially reopened one lane of traffic in each direction to motorists, pedestrians, and cyclists after being closed for over 20 months. The partial opening relieved drivers from having to detour 2.1-miles to cross the Intracoastal Waterway. Crews and project team members worked seven days a week through weekends and holidays to reach this significant milestone.

Once the sun set, the newly installed overhead lights were activated, casting a soft amber hue over the roadway, rather than a bright white light that can resemble the moon. This is designed to protect sea turtles year-round, especially during their nesting season.

Since the inception of this project, safety has been a top priority and will continue to be so long after construction is completed. The new bridge will feature state-of-

Photo Courtesy FDOT

the-art technology and include a LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) Detection System, which can alert the bridgetender to the presence of anyone on the bridge before the bridge can be opened. The bridge tender house also has a 360-degree view of the bridge and its walkways, which is ideal for monitoring marine, vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian traffic.

As of February 2025, the Jupiter Bridge project is more than 75 percent complete.

The next project milestones include: • Opening the remaining two lanes to traffic in Spring 2025 • Opening the Riverwalk connection underneath the south side of the bridge in Summer 2025, including a pedestrian pier and walkway for nature viewing

MARCH / APRIL 2025

• The project is scheduled to be completed in early 2026 FDOT thanks the community and our project stakeholders for their partnership and patience during this one-of-a-kind project as work is completed through 2025. It is also extraordinary to have so many local community members as a part of our highly skilled project team, improving our infrastructure and protecting our environment for future generations.

Steve Braun is the Florida Department of Transportation District 4 Secretary

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Trump Administration Takes Early Actions on Environmental Policy

By STAFF REPORTS

• Protecting and Bringing Back American Auto Jobs

A

s the Trump Administration continues to take shape, several actions in the first few months have given an idea of how the new leadership will approach environmental policy matters.

As Elon Musk’s Department of Government Efficiency begins analysis through multiple federal agencies, it has been reported that in the prior administration, EPA awarded $2 billion to Power Forward Communities, a non-profit that reported $100 in revenue in its first three months of operations.

In early February, newly confirmed U.S. Attorney General Pam Bondi issued a memo rescinding U.S. Department of Justice “environmental justice” memoranda issued under the Biden Administration.

It was reported that in mid-February that Musk and his team had gained “read-only” access to EPA Acquisition System, which details the agency’s contracts and spending. It is unclear what other DOGE actions may affect EPA.

U.S. Attorneys’ offices were given until only a few days to comply with the onepage memo, which rescinded two specific prior-issued memoranda by former Attorney General Merrick Garland: Actions to Advance Environmental Justice (May 5, 2022) Comprehensive Environmental Justice Strategy (May 5, 2022) The order also included rescinding any other Attorney General memoranda, guidance, or similar directive that implement the prior administration’s “environmental justice” agenda. Bondi wrote that she was writing the memo, “to ensure that the Department engages in the even-handed administration of justice.”

“Further, the heads of all components and U.S. Attorneys’ Offices are to rescind immediately any memoranda, guidance, or similar directive applicable to their component or office,” Bondi wrote. “Going forward, the Department will evenhandedly enforce all federal civil and criminal laws, including environmental laws.”

These actions follow President Donald Trump’s move to rescind several executive orders from 2021 and 2023 by former President Joe Biden related to climate change and environmental justice. In addition, NPR reported recently that nearly 170 employees at the U.S. Environmental FROM BUDGET ON PAGE 1 Florida Department of Environmental Protection Secretary Alexis A. Lambert in a statement touted DeSantis’ commitment to environmental budget priorities.

“As Secretary, I look forward to continuing the department’s mission and being a good steward of the resources taxpayers have entrusted us to invest wisely,” she said.

South Florida Water Management District Governing Board Chair Chauncey Goss commended the investments for Everglades restoration, water storage, flood control, and other priorities for South Florida waterways.

“Governor Ron DeSantis continues to lead the way to protect America’s Everglades and advance key Everglades restoration projects,” Goss said. “Since 2019, when Governor DeSantis took office, the District has celebrated 75 project completions, groundbreakings, and other major milestones - the most in state history.”

Everglades Trust CEO Anna Upton also lauded the Everglades investments, pointing to the importance of a clean Everglades for the state’s economy.

Photo Courtesy USDOJ

Protection Agency’s Office of Environmental Justice and External Civil Rights (OEJECR) were placed on paid administrative leave.

The office was created in 1992 under President George H.W. Bush with a few dozen people and a focus on environmental justice and health expanded during the Clinton and Obama administrations.

NPR reported that in 2002, EPA merged two other offices into OEJECR. By last year, the office boasted more than 200 staff between EPA headquarters and regional staff.

• Clean Air, Land, and Water for Every American • Restore American Energy Dominance • Permitting Reform, Cooperative Federalism, and Cross-Agency Partnership • Make the United States the Artificial Intelligence Capital of the World

On Feb. 23, Zeldin said on Fox News that the agency had cut 21 grants that were focused on environmental justice and what he described as DEI (Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion) totaling $67 million.

“This partnership with DOGE has been outstanding,” he said. “We want the EPA to be operating as efficiently as possible and exceptionally accomplishing our mission.

We’re on track.”

Bloomberg reported that OEJECR during the Biden Administration ran a conflict prevention and resolution center, an office of resource management, a community support branch, an office of policy and program development section, and an external civil rights compliance division.

Bondi was sworn in on Feb. 5, the same day she issued the memo. EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on the same day.

SUSTAINABLE COASTAL EROSION PROTECTION

According to an EPA news release, Zeldin’s plans to focus on five key pillars:

Geobrugg TECCO® Cell The solution to mitigate erosion on dynamic shorelines

glades,” she said. “He understands that investing in Everglades restoration not only helps the environment but also yields a significant return for the state, as Florida’s economy depends on clean water and a healthy and restored Everglades.

Your local Geobrugg specialist: www.geobrugg.com/contacts

The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission pointed to several other budget items the agency is promoting, including $30 million for Apalachicola’s Oyster Habitat, a $10 million investment in shooting sports facilities, and $10 million to help artificial reefs.

“Governor DeSantis’ recommendations reinforce his unwavering support to Florida’s fisheries, hunting and angling community, public access to shooting sports, and the long-term recovery of the Apalachicola Oyster Habitat,” said FWC Executive Director Roger Young. “These investments are in addition to the Governor’s law enforcement pay plan, support of enhanced training capabilities for FWC Officers, and funding to bolster our operations to combat illegal immigration and drug trafficking.”

“With this historic investment, Governor DeSantis continues to make good on his word to protect and restore the Ever-

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MARCH / APRIL 2025

Florida Specifier

SB 80 State Land Management

SB 7002 Water Management Districts Bill By Senate Environment and Natural Resources

Bill By Sen. Gayle Harrell • The bill would require public hearings for all updated land management plans for conservation and non-conservation lands

• The bill creates new regulations and reporting requirements for water management districts and revises aspects of budgeting, taxation, project management, and operational protocols

• It mandates electronic availability of land management plans for properties over 160 acres or within state parks, at least 30 days prior to required public hearings

• The bill would prohibit districts from using state funds as local matches for state grant programs unless specifically allotted for that purpose • It would allow districts to levy ad valorem taxes by a majority board vote and through referendums for capital improvement projects, detailing requirements for millage rates and expiration • It would allow the Department of Environmental Protection to issue interest-free loans to water management districts for financing eligible projects, setting terms for repayment and penalties for default, among other changes

SB 374 Farm Products Bill By Sen. Keith Truenow • The bill expands the definition of “farm product” to include both edible and nonedible plants and plant products, as well as animal products • It establishes that the collection, storage, processing, and distribution of a farm product are activities of a bona fide farm operation, which cannot be prohibited or limited by governmental entities if the land is classified as agricultural and activities meet certain regulatory standards • It would reenact the definition section of a statute to include these new provisions regarding farm products within the definition of “rural agricultural industrial center,” thereby aligning it with the expanded definition • The bill incorporates into references throughout Florida statutes, maintaining consistency in legal definitions and applications.

• The bill revises the duties of the Division of Recreation and Parks to include: managing lands to maximize benefits and conservation-based outdoor recreational uses, providing for public access and amenities, and protecting natural resources

2025

Legislative

Bills to Watch A

s Florida’s Legislative Session runs from early March to early May, there are several policy bills that will make their way through the process of hearings, and amendments. Many will never receive a committee assignment or be presented. Here are five environmental bills to watch:

HB 73 Safe Waterways Act Bill By Rep. Peggy Gossett-Seidman • The Safe Waterways Act mandates procedural and administrative changes related to bacteriological sampling and public health advisories pertaining to beach waters and public bathing places, shifting responsibilities to enhance water safety • The bill requires a Department of Health report by July 1, 2025 on certain data and requires recommendations by Dec. 31, 2025, for transferring duties from the Department of Health to the Department of Environmental Protection, considering the potential role of county health departments post-transfer • It would designate the Department of Environmental Protection as the sole authority from July 1, 2026, to adopt and enforce rules on bacteriological sampling and to issue health advisories, requiring immediate action upon non-compliance and providing closure of affected areas when necessary • The bill would require mandatory reporting by municipalities, counties, and related entities on incidents potentially affecting water quality, with mandated immediate investigation by the Department of Environmental Protection

Senate President Lays Out His ‘Rural Renaissance’

By PATRICK GILLESPIE

F

lorida Senate President Ben Albritton has been talking about his policy priority for the 2025 Florida Legislative Session, which he has dubbed a “rural renaissance” for Florida, providing opportunities for Florida’s smaller communities to thrive.

On Feb. 19 in a memo to Senators, Albritton discussed his vision for helping create, “opportunities to improve our rural quality of life, while preserving the time-honored way-of-life that has been deeply cherished generation after generation.”

Senate Bill 110, filed on Feb. 19 by Sen. Corey Simon, whose district covers a large swath of North Florida rural counties,

Florida Specifier

lays out a variety of measures designed to accomplish this. Among the areas of focus: Redefining Florida Statutes to allow certain counties to be eligible for state funding. The bill would change funding structures for fiscally constrained counties, providing at least $50 million per fiscal year, with revenue tied to sales tax.

Creating the Office of Rural Prosperity within the Florida Department of Commerce to assist with planning, staffing, and to provide a tool for rural counties to navigate federal and state grants.

Allowing grants for development and funding a competitive application process to bring innovations to local communities.

Creating housing, transportation, and broadband opportunities within rural counties to increase job creation and capital investment, increasing several existing funding sources for this purpose.

Providing programs in education to aid school districts in construction projects and creating a student loan repayment program for educators, while also increasing funding for regional education consortia grants to help school districts in a variety of areas.

Training rural paramedics and EMTs, expanding a hospital grant program to provide mobile units and telemedicine kiosks, assisting with funding construction for start-up physician and APRN offices and practices in these areas.

MARCH / APRIL 2025

• The bill prohibits the Division of Recreation and Parks from authorizing certain uses and constructions within state parks that could harm the park’s resources, among other changes

SB 736 Brownfields Bill By Sen. Keith Truenow • The bill revises Florida statutes related to brownfields rehabilitation, including procedural amendments across various sections, to streamline and enhance tax credit application processes and define conditions for brownfield site eligibility and designation • The bill eliminates the requirement for property owners to provide information about institutional controls for mapping by local governments, and removes such mapping responsibilities • It updates the conditions under which applicants can claim tax credits, setting a two-year limit for submitting claims regarding additional tax credits upon receiving a site rehabilitation completion order • The bill expands the eligibility for brownfield program participation, introduces specific provisions for brownfield areas proposed by specified persons, and details criteria for local government designation responsibilities, among other changes

In total, Albritton and Simon propose $197.4 million in specific funding for the programs laid out in the bill. This is in addition to more than $100 million in general revenue redirected to these efforts and funding of nearly $19 million for the State Housing Initiatives Partnership Program.

“We’re not pushing an agenda to turn Liberty County into Seminole County,” Simon said in an interview with Florida’s Voice Radio with Drew Steele. “We’re trying to make sure that Liberty County has access to the information, administrative assistance, and resource dollars to grow Liberty County the way they think it should be over the next several years.”

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A Liquid Balancing Act: How the Suwannee River Water Management District Safeguards Our Most Precious Resource

By STAFF REPORTS

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estled in the heart of northern Florida, the Suwannee River Water Management District (District) plays a pivotal role in managing water resources for the region’s diverse array of stakeholders.

From farmers needing irrigation to residents relying on wells, the District ensures that every drop of water is allocated wisely.

This is no small feat, especially in an era where water scarcity and water quality concerns loom large.

Monitoring: A Key to Sustainable Use At the core of the District’s mission is the monitoring and regulation of water wells throughout its area. Through monitoring, the District can track and understand the broader implications of how water use affects natural resources, ensuring that water use is sustainable for future generations of farmers, small business owners, residents, and other user groups.

Warren Zwanka, P.G., who has spent decades studying the hydrogeology of the region, emphasizes the importance of this work.

“The water use reporting we receive is critical to understanding the changing demands of our water users and for planning for a sustainable water supply into the future,” he said. “Our goal is to maintain that delicate balance between water availability and demand.”

The District uses advanced technology, such as transducers — small cylinders with pressure gauges — that measure water levels in real time. These tools are vital for making informed decisions about the condition of our aquifer, especially in agricultural areas where demand can be high. The data collected allows the District to identify areas where further regulation may be necessary to ensure that water withdrawals do not exceed sustainable limits.

“Our work is about stewardship — ensuring that water use today does not compromise availability for future generations.

Every drop matters, and our monitoring helps us understand how to protect this resource,” Zwanka said.

Supporting Agriculture: Balancing Efficiency and Sustainability Agriculture is a cornerstone of the economy within the District and managing water for this sector is one of the District’s most challenging tasks.

David King, P.G., who oversees the water well construction and monitoring for the District, notes that the District’s approach is not just about imposing limits but about helping farmers use water more effectively.

“Agriculture is vital; best management practices such as improving irrigation efficiencies and regular maintenance can reduce total water use, reduce production costs, and are one component of keeping the resource sustainable,” King said.

“That’s why we’ve invested in cost-share initiatives that help farmers adopt more efficient irrigation methods.”

These initiatives include the introduction of moisture probes, which allow farmers to monitor soil conditions and water their crops only when necessary. By providing

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Photo Courtesy SRWMD

financial support for these technologies, the District helps reduce overall water usage while maintaining agricultural productivity.

“We’re committed to supporting our farmers, but it has to be done sustainably,” King said. “Our cost-share programs are a winwin — they save water and help farmers maintain their livelihoods.”

The Strain on Water Supply from Population Growth The District is an area replete with beautiful springs and natural beauty, making it an attractive place to live. As the region experiences rapid growth and more than 3,000 new wells are permitted by the District each year, the temptation for some to attempt to drill their own water supply is high. All well construction, repair, and abandonment activities must be done following strict state guidelines, and failing to follow these guidelines jeopardizes everyone’s drinking water supply. Well drillers are licensed by the water management districts and they receive extensive training in order to provide homeowners with a plentiful water source that also protects the aquifer.

“There are very few areas of our District where wells can be constructed without machinery capable of drilling into rock,” Zwanka said. “Well construction in SRWMD is an activity best left up to licensed professionals.”

The District works closely with local health and building departments to enforce regulations and ensure that all wells meet the necessary standards. This collaboration is crucial in maintaining the integrity and sustainability of the region’s water resources.

Photo Courtesy SRWMD

any anomalies in water usage are quickly identified and addressed.

ural beauty and resources of this region” King added.

“We meet routinely with other districts to ensure standards for water usage stay consistent across the board,” King said.

“It’s a collaborative effort to find solutions that reduce abnormalities and protect our water resources.”

Informed Water Management

One of the key concerns for the District is the potential for environmental degradation if water use is not carefully managed.

Reduced spring flow, for instance, can have cascading effects on the local ecosystem, affecting everything from wildlife habitats to recreational opportunities.

“Our work is not just about regulation — it’s about stewardship. We’re here to protect the environment and ensure that future generations can enjoy the nat-

The District’s work is vital for ensuring that water resources are managed effectively and fairly for all stakeholders.

As Zwanka puts it: “Water management is about more than just keeping the taps running — it’s about ensuring that everyone has access to this critical resource without compromising the health of our environment.”

In a world where water is becoming increasingly scarce, the work of the District serves as a model for how we can balance the needs of different stakeholders while protecting rivers, lakes, springs and wells for future generations.

Protecting the Future: Collaborative Solutions and Environmental Stewardship The District doesn’t operate in isolation; it regularly collaborates with other water management districts to address regional water issues. This collaboration is vital in ensuring that water resources are managed consistently across the state and that

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Florida Cities Grapple With Fluoride Removal From Public Water Supply

By LINA ALFIERI STERN

C

ities across Florida, most recently the City of Longwood, in Seminole County, have voted to remove fluoride from their drinking water supply, a move that reflects a growing skepticism toward government-backed health policies.

These actions have emerged amidst ongoing debates regarding the safety and efficacy of community water fluoridation, especially in light of recent guidance from Florida Surgeon General Dr. Joseph Ladapo, who issued a press release on Nov. 22 recommending against adding fluoride to public drinking water.

Notably, Dr. Ladapo has expressed public health views that diverge from those of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including his opposition to the COVID-19 vaccine. In response to Dr. Ladapo’s position, the American Dental Association (ADA) issued a press release on Nov. 23, firmly opposing his stance and reaffirming its support for community water fluoridation.

The Florida Legislature may now be weighing in on the issue. Senator Keith Truenow, R-Tavares, filed SB700, named the “Florida Farm Bill.” Supported by Agriculture Commissioner Wilton Simpson, the bill, among other changes, would amend the definition of “water quality additive” to mean, “any chemical or additive which is used in a public water system for the purpose removing contaminants or increasing water quality. The term does not

include additives used for health-related purposes.”

It would prohibit the use of a “water quality additive” that doesn’t meet the definition. A companion bill has been filed

by Rep. Kaylee Tuck, R-Lake Placid.

Sen. Keith Truenow

Traditionally, fluoride has been added to drinking water to prevent tooth decay by strengthening tooth enamel. However, Dr. Ladapo and others have raised concerns about the potential health risks associated with fluoride exposure, specifically linking it to neurobehavioral issues in children, including increased risks of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), sleep disturbances, skeletal fluorosis, and thyroid problems. His recommendations suggest that alternative sources, such as toothpaste and mouthwash are sufficient for maintaining oral health, thereby questioning the need for fluoridation in public water supplies. This view of the potential harmful effects of fluoride matches closely with those of the new Secretary of Health and Human Services, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. The Longwood City Commission’s vote aligns with a broader movement observed across Florida and various municipalities, both in the U.S. and Europe, where cities are increasingly opting to eliminate water

Rep. Kaylee Tuck

fluoridation. Recent developments in Fort Pierce, Tavares, Ormond Beach, Immokalee, Melbourne, Naples, Stuart and Port St. Lucie have similarly endorsed the removal of fluoride from their water systems.

In February, Lee County voted to remove fluoride from its water supply, as Ladapo spoke in person in support of the measure.

Later in February, however, the city of Fort Myers, which is within Lee County, voted to leave fluoride in its water supply.

Several health organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Dental Association, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), continue to advocate for water fluoridation, emphasizing its safety and effectiveness as a preventive measure against tooth decay. These organizations argue that the benefits of fluoride in maintaining dental health far outweigh potential risks.

Research from the University of Florida has contributed to the discourse surrounding fluoride, particularly concerning its effects on brain development and bone health. The University’s Fluoride Aluminum Brain and Behavior (FABB) Lab is dedicated to investigating such exposures among younger populations. Several stud-

ies led by UF researcher Dr. Ashley Malin indicate a correlation between higher fluoride levels in the urine of pregnant women and an increased risk of neurobehavioral issues in children at age three.

“There have been 10 high-quality rigorously conducted prospective studies on early life fluoride exposure and neurodevelopment in North America that have all found associations of higher fluoride exposure with worse child neurodevelopment,” Dr. Malin said. “I led the first US-based study on this topic, published last May (2024), that found that higher prenatal fluoride exposure was associated with more neurobehavioral problems among 3-year-old children in Los Angeles, California.”

While fluoride is recognized for its benefits—such as enhancing bone density and reversing cavities—concerns about its neurodevelopmental impacts persist.

The controversy surrounding fluoride in drinking water reflects a complex interplay between public health initiatives aimed at preventing dental decay and the rights of individuals to make informed choices regarding their health. As Longwood and other municipalities embarks on this new path, its actions may serve as a precedent for other communities grappling with similar decisions in the future. The ongoing debate highlights a critical question: how to balance community health benefits with individual liberties in public health policy.

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Bold.

F I R S T F LO R I DA PU B LI C U N I V ER S I T Y TO JOI N T H E

ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES (AAU) I N N EAR LY 40 Y EARS

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1 OF JUST 2 INSTITUTIONS F R OM TH E STATE UN IVE R SITY S Y STE M OF F LOR ID A TO SE R VE A S

A AU MEMB ER S MARCH / APRIL 2025

$738 MILLION TOTA L R E S E A R CH FU ND I NG (FY 2 0 2 4 ) W I T H A G OA L TO R E ACH

$1 BILLION BY 2030

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tor. “These additions to the Green Spine provide secure pathways to parks and essential services, promote a healthier lifestyle, and reduce harmful pollutants. We look forward to this significant improvement to the city’s transportation network.”

city with their water system challenges for more than 40 years and look forward to planning and designing this next important project for the community.”

Jacobs will evaluate the city’s existing facilities to assess treatment capabilities for PFAS removal and develop a comprehensive facilities plan for the city’s treatment plants, associated source water supply and residuals management systems. Upon completion of the facilities plan, Jacobs will design the improvements and provide construction management services.

UF/IFAS Researchers Work to Prevent a Disease Threatening Chocolate South Florida WMD Celebrates Women of the District The South Florida Water Management District (District) celebrated the International Day of Women and Girls in Science by recognizing the women who help manage and oversee some of the largest and most complex restoration and water quality improvement projects in the world.

Women working within the District’s 16-county region lead environmental restoration efforts, manage public lands, conduct research and planning, and much more. The District recognized, “from scientists and engineers, to project managers and section leaders, to financial analysts and administrative staff, the women of the District are working every day to advance our public service mission.”

A group of UF/IFAS plant pathologists has partnered with the Mars confectionary company to safeguard the elongated, ribbed pods of the cacao tree – and the precious beans nestled inside that produce chocolate – from a devastating disease: black pod rot.

IFAS reports that black pod rot is a disease caused by species in the genus Phytophthora. Meaning “plant destroyer” in Greek, Phytophthora is infamous as including the pathogen that caused the Irish potato famine in the mid-19th century.

Phytophthora megakarya is an especially aggressive species responsible for destroying up to 80% of farmers’ cacao crops, said Mariana Herrera Corzo, a UF/ IFAS doctoral student leading part of the project and working under the supervision of Erica Goss, professor, and Jeremy Brawner, courtesy faculty member, both in the plant pathology department.

“Nearly 70 percent of the global cacao production takes place in Africa, where black pod rot caused by Phytophthora megakarya is rampant,” Herrera Corzo said. “There, we have an epidemic.”

Tampa Boosts Sustainability Expanding Green Spine Network The City of Tampa is growing its bike network and becoming even more interconnected as the current Green Spine Cycle Track expands.

The Green Spine is an east-west urban bicycle track that currently begins at Cass Street and North Rome Avenue and runs through the downtown core and on through Ybor City into East Tampa. The next phases will bring the Green Spine north, up Nuccio Parkway and N. 15th Street, to Cuscaden Park at East 21st Avenue.

Like the previous phases, the additions will include two-way bike lanes with three-foot raised separators between bicyclists and drivers. from East 7th Ave. to E. 17th Avenue. From this point, a 14-foot widened and improved shareduse sidewalk will carry pedestrians and cyclists to E. 21st. The project also includes the addition of 67 on-street parallel parking spaces.

When construction of these two phases is completed in the summer of 2025, the total length of the Green Spine Cycle Track will be increased to about three miles offering safe connections through neighborhoods like North Hyde Park, Downtown and Ybor City, as well as access to the Tampa Riverwalk.

“Building new, safer bicycle lanes ensures everyone has easy access to all that makes Tampa great,” said Tampa Mayor Jane Cas-

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Researchers are conducting preventive breeding to identify cacao plants resistant to Phytophthora species. The team’s research is expected to conclude later this year with the publication of a formal study and the release of their prediction model, which will guide cacao breeders and farmers.

Orange County Celebrates Lake Apopka Trail Connector Orange County Mayor Jerry L. Demings and District 2 Commissioner Christine Moore recently hosted the groundbreaking for the Lake Apopka Trail Connector. The $9.65 million project includes construction of a 10- to 14-foot-wide shared-use path with a boardwalk section between Magnolia Park, Binion Road, and Clarcona Horse Park, Damon Road, for a total distance of 3.23 miles.

Crews will construct a 3.23-mile multi-use trail connecting the existing West Orange Trail along McCormick Road to the Lake Apopka Loop Trail at Magnolia Park. The asphalt pavement/concrete trail will vary from 10 to 14 feet wide, allowing pedestrians and bicyclists to safely and comfortably use the trail.

The project also includes a 100-foot boardwalk section in the Northwest Orange Water Reclamation Facility segment.

Two rest areas are included in the project along with new pedestrian/bicycle picket railing, fences, and gates.

County Public Works has issued a Notice to Proceed for the Trail project, “paving” the way for a new section of trail that connects two existing trails. Construction

should be complete, and the Connector Trail open to the public by March of 2026.

Duke Energy Celebrates Milestone Delivery of Nearly 750-megawatts of Solar in Florida Duke Energy Florida’s Clean Energy Connection ten solar energy generation sites are now fully operational, and the company is celebrating delivering on its commitment. The utility’s goal is part of a 2020 filing with the Florida Public Service Commission to provide nearly 750 megawatts of solar generation in Florida from 2022 to 2024.

“Solar development is critical to maintaining a modern, diverse and resilient electric grid,” said Melissa Seixas, Duke Energy Florida state president. “I look forward to building on the important work we’ve done in recent years as we continue to upgrade our generation fleet, ensuring we are providing reliable, affordable energy for our customers and the communities we serve – now and in the future.”

Each 74.9-megawatt Clean Energy Connection solar site will generate enough electricity to power the equivalent of approximately 23,000 homes at peak output, while displacing 1.2 million cubic feet of natural gas, 15,000 barrels of fuel oil and 12,000 tons of coal annually. The Clean Energy Connection sites are located throughout Florida, from Bay County down to Hardee County.

The 10 Clean Energy Connection solar sites also are intended to promote economic development across Florida, creating more than 1,500 temporary jobs during construction and contributing significant tax revenue to their respective counties.

Pensacola Receives Stormwater Park Grant The City of Pensacola has been selected to receive $5 million from a U.S. Department of Transportation grant to complement and further fuel the construction of the Hollice T. Williams Stormwater Park.

The grant will help finance the construction of the Hollice T. Williams Stormwater

Jacobs Designing Florida Water Treatment Plant Upgrades for PFAS Removal Jacobs has been selected by the City of Boynton Beach to evaluate and design upgrades at two water treatment plants to remove per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from the city’s groundwater supplies. The city received a loan from Florida’s Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Program for project planning and design.

The City hopes to comply with the new U.S. federal drinking water regulations.

The two plants provide drinking water to more than 112,000 people and have a combined treatment capacity of 30 million gallons per day. In addition to addressing new PFAS regulations, the facility upgrades will replace aging infrastructure to meet the community’s growing demand for water.

“Considering potential federal compliance deadlines, we’re working with the City of Boynton Beach to help deliver an effective, long-term PFAS treatment and disposal solution,” said Jacobs Senior Vice President Katus Watson. “We’ve supported the

MARCH / APRIL 2025

Florida Specifier

Park Underdeck and Community Connector Project. This project will remove the barrier beneath Interstate 110 uniting the Eastside neighborhood adjacent to the project area.

native ecosystems of the St. Johns River, with Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and African blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) being among the most impactful.

“We have a vision of what the Hollice T. Williams Stormwater Park can become,” says Pensacola Mayor D.C. Reeves. “This is the first money we can use to make this more than a stormwater collection system. This enables us to connect the surrounding neighborhoods in a transformational way.”

Non-native tilapia compete with native species for food and nesting areas, ultimately disrupting the aquatic habitat. The tilapia also disturb natural aquatic vegetation, such as eelgrass, further degrading the ecosystem. Without natural predators in their introduced environment, their populations grow unchecked, outcompeting native species for essential resources like food and space. As a result, species that cause such ecological harm are classified as invasive.

Plans include a 1.7-acre multi-modal pathway network, a 9-acre public open space, as well as a multiuse trail and Class I bicycle path to connect North Palafox Street to the park, which will provide direct and safe access for people traveling to jobs, resources, and local destinations.

Riverkeeper Monitoring Fish Kills The St. Johns Riverkeeper is monitoring the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission’s (FWC) investigation of several fish kills in the St. Johns River.

FWC notes that many of the recent fish kill events involving primarily tilapia (an invasive species) are likely related to the extreme cold temperatures experienced in January. FWC is also investigating a disturbingly large fish kill at Lake Apopka in early February involving several fish species, including native species.

To report a siting of multiple types of dead fish, take as many photos as you can and report as soon as you can with GPS coordinates, number of fish and what species to us at report@sjrk.org and to FWC’s Fish Kill Hotline (1-800-636-0511).

Samples have been collected from the lake, including samples to detect harmful algae if present. The St. Johns River Water Management District reported at their Feb. 11 Board Meeting that they have ruled out low dissolved oxygen and have not detected harmful algal outbreaks in the area. The results of laboratory analyses are anticipated from late February to early March.

Army Corps Issues Scoping Letter for Intercoastal Waterway Dredging in Nassau County

The Riverkeeper notes non-native fish species are significantly altering the

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville District is preparing a National

Environmental Policy Act document for the maintenance dredging and channel re-alignment of portions of the federally authorized and constructed Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (AIWW) in Nassau County, northeastern Florida.

The Corps is currently gathering information to define issues and concerns to be addressed in an Environmental Assessment analysis to be completed in compliance with NEPA. The project is being undertaken to provide safe navigation within the federal channel through the removal of shoaling (i.e., accumulated sediments in the channel) to maintain the authorized depth of -12 feet mean lower low water (MLLW). The NEPA analysis will evaluate maintenance dredging of Reach 1, which occurs from AIWW Mile 3.74 near Fernandina Beach to Mile 13.99 (including potential channel realignments within the AIWW) inland from Black Hammock Island.

Analyses will also consider proposed placement of dredged material within existing Florida Inland Navigation District Dredged Material Management Areas, as well as potential beneficial use of dredged material opportunities, such as placement of beach quality sand from the AIWW on Amelia Island Beach in Nassau County, Florida.

FPL Saves $16B in Fuel Energy Savings Florida Power & Light Company (FPL) has achieved more than $16 billion in overall fuel savings for customers from its highly efficient and diverse power generation fleet, including natural gas, nu-

clear power and solar and battery storage, according to the utility.

In 2024, the company reports that it saved customers $867 million in fuel costs. The company has leveraged the latest technology to help drive down costs and improve efficiency for customers since 2021 and today operates one of the country’s most efficient and reliable generation fleets.

FPL’s efficiency and diversity in power generation has been a key enabler allowing the company to provide a superior combination of reliability, resiliency and low bills. FPL delivers reliability, which is 59 percent better and bills that are nearly 40% lower than the national average. The utility notes this is not by accident, but rather due to a decades-long pursuit to modernize and diversify the FPL power generation fleet.

“At FPL, we are working for our customers every single day, leveraging the latest technology to generate electricity more efficiently and save them money,” said Armando Pimentel, president and CEO of Florida Power & Light Company. “Continuing to diversify our power generation helps us deliver reliable electricity to customers and also protects them from fuel price volatility to keep their bills as low as possible.”

FPL reports $1.1 billion in fuel savings from low-cost solar energy centers and delivery of 3,500 megawatts of energy from the combined Turkey Point and St. Lucie nuclear power plants in addition to savings resulting from upgrading to combined cycle fuel efficient natural gas generation facilities.

The utility has also been using battery storage technology for years and operates one of the world’s largest solar-powered batteries, the FPL Manatee Energy Storage Center – a 409-megawatt/900-megawatt-hour system that has enough capacity to power approximately 329,000 homes.

Florida’s Fight Against Derelict Vessels: Recovery Efforts in the Wake of Hurricanes

By ASHLEE SKLUTE

F

lorida, recognized as “The Boating Capital of the World,” is a paradise for boaters. However, when Hurricanes Helene and Milton swept through the state in 2024, the powerful winds and storm surges left devastation in their wake, displacing hundreds of vessels. Some were pushed ashore, others damaged at marinas and private docks, while many were relocated and remained afloat others were partially or fully submerged.

To address the crisis, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) deployed additional officers and derelict vessel (DV) specialists to Southwest Florida. Their mission: locate, identify, and assess vessels rendered derelict by the storms.

Statewide, more than 700 derelict vessels have been recorded since Hurricane Milton’s landfall last October. Of these, more than 426 vessels have been submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management (DEM) for contractor removal, with additional removals processed daily.

Meanwhile, more than 250 vessels have already been reclaimed by owners, insurers, or contractors — successfully clearing them from Florida’s waterways.

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Derelict vessels remain a year-round concern for FWC. The Division of Law Enforcement’s Boating and Waterways Section has led an extensive, multi-year initiative to significantly reduce the backlog of abandoned boats. However, the issue persists, with law enforcement continuously identifying new cases.

FWC prioritizes working directly with boat owners to facilitate vessel removal whenever possible, reducing the financial burden on taxpayers.

“We understand the hardships caused by these hurricanes,” said Maj. Bill Holcomb, FWC Boating and Waterways Section Leader. “Our officers and DV specialists worked diligently to identify displaced and damaged vessels statewide. We are dedicated to helping boat owners locate their vessels and ensuring the removal of any boats from state waters that threaten the environment, obstruct waterways or are rendered derelict. Removing displaced vessels can hasten the recovery and overall resilience of native marine plants and animals.”

Boat owners facing uncertainty about their vessel’s future have options. The first step is to contact the FWC Boating and Waterways Section at 850-4885600 for guidance.

Photo Courtesy FWC

To proactively prevent derelict vessels, FWC launched the Florida Vessel Turn-In Program (VTIP). This initiative allows owners of at-risk vessels to apply for free vessel removal—provided they meet program eligibility requirements.

For more details and applications, visit FloridaVTIP.com.

through Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. at 850-488-5600.

For those who need to report a lost or sunken vessel, the FWC Boating and Waterways Section is available Monday

Ashlee Sklute is a Public Information Coordinator for the FWC Division of Law Enforcement

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By tackling derelict vessels head-on, Florida is not only keeping its waterways clean and navigable but also safeguarding its rich marine environment for generations to come.

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Collaborations Fuel Efforts to Meet Growing Water Supply Needs

By DANIELLE FITZPATRICK

F

rom the moment we wake up — whether it’s the shower that starts our day, the glass of water we drink or the sprinkler that waters our lawn — we rely on water, often taking this essential resource’s availability for granted. Yet, as Florida’s population grows, ensuring a reliable water supply for the future is more critical than ever.

To make sure there’s water when residents turn on the faucet, the St. Johns River Water Management District (District), as well as the other four water management districts, plan 20 years ahead for the region’s water needs, closely aligning these plans to funding mechanisms to ensure the resources are in place to meet future demands. Behind the scenes, effective planning, collaboration between agencies and stakeholders, investments in groundwater recharge and other projects, and a focus on water conservation are essential to meeting this challenge.

“We already know that relying solely on groundwater will not meet the projected increase in water supply demand without negatively impacting our water resources,” said John Fitzgerald, the District’s chief of water supply planning. “The state’s water management districts and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection are now working more closely than ever before since decisions made by one agency could affect the resources of another. We all work across district boundaries with regional partners to find solutions that benefit both people and the environment.”

Collaboration is key to finding lasting solutions, as these partnerships not only generate innovative ideas but also help secure the necessary funding for largescale projects that protect and sustain our water resources. The North Florida Regional Water Supply Partnership brings together the St. Johns District, the Suwannee River Water Management District, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) and stakeholders in the region to find ways to meet growing water needs.

One promising solution is the Black Creek Water Resource Development Project, underway in Clay County. This project represents more than just infrastructure investment — it’s a collaborative effort to protect the water resources that support

Photo Courtesy SJRWMD

Work continues on the Black Creek Water Resource Development project, a regionally beneficially initiative that will utilize environmentally sustainable flows from Black Creek to recharge the Upper Floridian aquifer, increase water availability and protect natural resources.

communities, families and wildlife across the region. Expected to be completed this spring, the project will recharge the Upper Floridan aquifer and help maintain water levels in Lakes Brooklyn and Geneva, to ensure these sources remain healthy for future generations.

Similarly, the District has joined forces with the South Florida and Southwest Florida water management districts, DEP, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, local utilities and other stakeholders to manage water resources through the Central Florida Water Initiative. This partnership focuses on addressing the growing water demand in a region home to more than 3.4 million people.

With tourism, agriculture, commercial industries and growing residential areas all contributing to increased water demand, long-term solutions are essential. One possibility being explored is improving and expanding the Taylor Creek Reservoir in eastern Orange and Osceola counties, which currently provides drinking water to the City of Cocoa. This project could potentially provide an additional 54 million gallons per day to regional water suppliers, and it is supported by the collaborative efforts of the District and Central Florida utilities.

While partnerships like these are critical, projects are an absolute necessity for securing future water availability, and they come with significant costs. Exploring innovative funding strategies such as public-private partnerships and grants is critical. For example, the Black Creek project’s estimated cost is $100 million. Funding comes from various sources, including the District, Florida Legislature, and north Florida utilities such as Clay County Utility Authority, Gainesville Regional Utilities, St. Johns County Utilities, and JEA. “Water conservation is another meaningful piece of the puzzle,” said Fitzgerald.

“Local utilities can implement water conservation programs for a fraction of the cost of large-scale projects. By adopt-

ing efficient practices—like fixing leaks, watering lawns only when needed and installing smart irrigation systems—everyone can contribute to protecting this vital resource.”

The convenience of turning on a faucet makes it easy to overlook the journey water takes to get there. The District, alongside other agencies and utilities, is working to ensure clean, reliable water continues to flow to meet the growing needs of people and ecosystems. Through ongoing collaboration, consistent funding, thoughtful planning and strategic investment, water can remain available now and in the future for all who depend on it.

PFAS Forum V April 9-11, 2025 Rosen Centre Hotel Orlando, Florida

Forum Purpose: To educate the environmental/remediation industry and regulatory community on the potential risks from PFAS, as well as discuss regulatory and legal issues, monitoring, treatment, cleanup and disposal technologies.

Photo Courtesy SJRWMD

Lori Burklew, a regional water supply planning coordinator for the St. Johns River Water Management District, engages with stakeholders during a meeting on the update to the North Florida Regional Water Supply Plan.

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https://pfasforum.org

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tion hearing, Zeldin expressed support for carbon capture technology, indicating a favorable stance toward facilitating Texas’ request.

Data Center Company Secures NG Supply

TEXAS Large Solar Project Launched in Delta County Enel North America, the American subsidiary of the Italian company, has officially launched its Estonian Solar project in Texas, which features 202 MW of solar capacity paired with a 104-MW battery energy storage system. The project is supported by power purchase agreements (PPAs) with BXP Inc. and Capri Holdings Limited, the parent company of luxury brands such as Versace and Jimmy Choo. Located in Delta County, the Estonian Solar project is projected to produce approximately 499 GWh of electricity annually. As one of the largest renewable energy operators in Texas, Enel has around 5 GW of installed wind and solar capacity and 1.3 GW of battery storage capacity.

The company has signed over 100 PPAs, totaling more than 7.3 GW of contracted capacity, and continues to focus on North America as a key investment region.

Pipeline Companies Fined for Obstructing Inspectors Federal inspectors investigating a carbon dioxide pipeline replacement project faced intimidation and obstruction by employees of Exxon-owned pipeline company Denbury and its contractor, Republic Testing Laboratories. The incidents of intimidation occurred at Republic’s LaPorte, Texas, facility and included blocking inspectors from interviewing welders, performing tests without inspectors present, being mocked, and setting up barriers to obstruct inspectors’ view. The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) has proposed a $2.4 million fine against both companies.

This latest proposed fine follows a $2.8 million penalty Denbury agreed to pay for a 2020 pipeline rupture in Satartia, Mississippi, which hospitalized 45 people and marked the second largest penalty issued by PHMSA.

Oil and Gas Groups Seek Texas Approval of Carbon Capture Projects Six Texas oil, gas, and industrial groups, including the Texas Oil and Gas Association and the Texas Association of Manufacturers, urged new EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin to expedite Texas’ request for authorization to approve carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. This request aims to allow Texas to manage its own underground carbon storage, thereby alleviating the federal backlog that has slowed such project approvals. The groups highlighted that Texas is currently home to 43 projects under review, accounting for one-third of all applications in the U.S. Texas seeks to become the fifth state to gain approval for CO2 injection permitting from the EPA. They estimate that CCS projects could inject up to $1.8 billion into the Texas economy. During his confirma-

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Energy Transfer, a U.S. pipeline operator, has signed a long-term natural gas supply agreement with Denver-based CloudBurst Data Centers for their development in Central Texas. Data centers increasingly seek direct energy supplies due to rising power demands from AI and grid advancements. Energy Transfer will deliver up to 450,000 million British thermal units of firm natural gas daily through its Oasis Pipeline to CloudBurst’s campus near San Marcos, Texas. This supply can generate nearly 1.2 gigawatts of electric power over at least 10 years, starting with the first phase of CloudBurst’s facilities. The deal marks Energy Transfer’s first direct commercial supply of natural gas to a data center. CloudBurst plans to reach a final investment decision later this year, with operations expected to begin in the third quarter of 2026.

Texas A&M Advances Plans for Nuclear Reactors The Texas A&M University System has announced the selection of four companies — Kairos Power, Natura Resources, Aalo Atomics, and Terrestrial Energy — to explore the development of advanced nuclear reactors at its Rellis research campus in Bryan, Texas. This initiative follows Texas A&M’s application for an early site permit from federal regulators, which, if granted by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, would make the university the only higher education institution in the U.S. with a commercial nuclear reactor site license.

Additionally, Texas A&M is seeking $200 million from the state’s General Fund for infrastructure upgrades at the Rellis Campus to facilitate potential reactor construction. Company executives indicated that if the site aligns with their plans, they hope to have operational reactors within the next decade.

LOUISIANA Fortified Roof Program Opens New Round for Awards Registration for Louisiana’s Fortify Homes Program reopened in February for the first lottery round of 2025. This program offers grants of up to $10,000 to homeowners installing hurricane-resistant roofs and is now in its third year. This round is specifically for residents in Louisiana’s coastal zone and will be awarded to 1,000 recipients. To participate, homeowners must create a profile on the program’s website.

Those who registered in previous rounds but were not selected must re-register for the current lottery. Since its inception in October 2023, the Fortify Homes Program has awarded about 1,800 grants. Homeowners are responsible for covering any costs that exceed the $10,000 grant limit.

Auditor’s Report Highlights Louisiana Power Inefficiencies A report from the Louisiana Legislative Auditor’s Office reveals that Louisiana residents face higher electricity bills than the national average while dealing with one of the least reliable electric grids in the country. The study, titled “Louisiana’s Electric Profile,” highlights several concerning trends from 2010 to 2023, noting that

Louisiana is among the least energy-efficient states and that its power grid has the highest number and longest duration of outages in the southern U.S., even when excluding severe weather events. Louisiana’s electricity generation is heavily reliant on natural gas, comprising about 72% of the state’s generation portfolio. This dependency makes the system vulnerable to large-scale failures during extreme weather. From 2013 to 2023, the frequency of outages increased by 14.3%, and the average duration of outages rose by 76.4%, reaching 9.7 hours in 2023. Entergy Louisiana, a major utility provider, attributed grid reliability issues to the state’s unique geography and environmental risks, while also highlighting recent investments in grid improvements.

Lawsuit Alleges Illegal Tax Agreement by Local Government and Port of South Louisiana The Port of South Louisiana and St. John the Baptist Parish Sheriff Mike Tregre are facing a lawsuit filed by the Descendants Project, an advocacy group for descendants of Black slaves in the Louisiana River Parishes. The lawsuit alleges that the port and sheriff illegally forgave millions in taxes owed by Greenfield LLC for a now-abandoned $400 million grain terminal project. The claim asserts that this act violated the Louisiana Constitution, which prohibits entities from loaning or donating anything of value without requiring something in return. The controversy centers around a $4 million payment in lieu of property taxes that Greenfield was supposed to pay as part of a complex tax agreement with the port and sheriff. This agreement allowed Greenfield to effectively avoid property taxes on a 248-acre site for the terminal in Wallace, Louisiana, a community predominantly made up of Black residents. The Descendants Project argues that Greenfield could have evaded approximately $200 million in taxes over the lease’s duration. Despite the agreement, Greenfield abandoned the project in August 2024, citing local opposition and delays in federal permitting from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

MISSISSIPPI Data Center Developer Announces $10 Billion Investment In Meridian Compass Datacenters, a Dallas-based developer, has announced plans to invest $10 billion to build eight data centers in Meridian, Mississippi, over the next eight years. The Mississippi Development Authority will certify Compass Datacenters as a data center operator, enabling the company to benefit from significant tax exemptions, including a 10-year state income and franchise tax exemption as well as a sales and use tax exemption on construction materials and equipment. Mississippi Power will supply approximately 500 megawatts of power to the new facility.

Flood Relief Project in South Delta to Proceed The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers announced it will proceed with a modified version of the Yazoo Pumps project for flood relief in the South Delta, now receiving support from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The project, which aims to address flooding issues exacerbated by record-setting backwater floods, was previously vetoed by the EPA in 2008 due to concerns about potential harm to

MARCH / APRIL 2025

67,000 acres of wetlands. The new plan includes mitigation strategies designed to minimize environmental impact, such as adjusting when the pumps operate based on water levels and maintaining certain water levels for aquatic species during lowflow periods. The project has faced a tumultuous history, with fluctuating support and legal circumstances over the years.

The Corps has not yet provided a cost estimate for the project, which is expected to be substantial. Additionally, to further aid residents affected by flooding, the plan includes voluntary buyouts for properties located below the 93-foot elevation mark, affecting 152 homes.

Service of Coal Plant Units at Plant Victor J. Daniel Extended

by PSC The Mississippi Public Service Commission unanimously approved a special contract to extend the life of a coal unit operated by Mississippi Power. This decision aims to meet the energy demands of a new $10 billion investment project by Compass Datacenters, which plans to build eight data centers within the Mississippi Power service area. Mississippi Power, a subsidiary of Southern Company, initially planned to close two coal units at Plant Victor J. Daniel by 2027. The retirement date was extended until the mid-2030s due to the predicted increased demand from the data centers.

ALABAMA Alabama Power Acquisition Opposed Public Citizen and other advocacy groups are urging the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to reject Alabama Power’s proposed acquisition of the 895 MW Lindsay Hill power plant from Tenaska due to concerns about market power. The Alabama Public Service Commission is currently reviewing the deal, which Alabama Power, a subsidiary of Southern Company, claims would result in a $3.80 monthly increase in typical residential electricity bills. The groups argue that Alabama Power’s ongoing consolidation of generation capacity in the state is alarming, noting that if the Lindsay Hill transaction is approved, the utility would have acquired or built power plants and entered into power purchase agreements totaling approximately 3,400 MW over the past five years, increasing Alabama Power’s total control to nearly 12,950 MW.

Birmingham to Explore Solar Power Development Birmingham City Council is set to authorize the mayor’s office to apply for a grant of up to $250,000 to explore solar power deployment in the city. This funding would come from the Coalition for Green Capital, supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s National Clean Investment Fund, which has a $5 billion grant available. The grant aims to provide technical assistance to study market conditions and develop strategies to facilitate solar energy projects, with no matching funds required from the city. Thomas Yuill, deputy director of the mayor’s Office of Resilience and Sustainability, explained to the Budget and Finance Committee that the focus will primarily be on funding and financing opportunities, along with a feasibility study for solar potential, including possible use of brownfields —contaminated sites — for solar fields.

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FROM HAMILTON ON PAGE 1 countless number of water quality samples referenced above, those that perform the policy reviews based on the latest science and data to formulate new science-based policy recommendations, or those that negotiate the acquisitions of critical conservation lands, administer billion-dollar grant programs, or the legal teams, park rangers, emergency response and environmental crimes teams, among others.

The collective ability of the agency to accomplish its mission is dependent on the individual ability of each team successfully performing their unique mission.

Q: Was there someone you met or somewhere you traveled that was particularly memorable?

A: While I’ve had many memorable experiences, there is one interaction that I’ve used to keep me grounded. During my time in the Pensacola regulatory district office, while serving as the external affairs director, I got a call from a lady who was trying to help her church navigate the permitting process. Turns out, they purchased a property sight unseen only to find out it included wetlands. Once they heard the news from the contractor, they were completely caught off guard and at a total loss as to what to do next. They reached out to the Department in search of answers.

I advised them they should hire an environmental professional to assist with pulling together the necessary applications (all of which seems straightforward to those of us who work in this space). After they hired a consultant, I connected them with the Environmental Resource Program (ERP) team for a pre-application meeting to work out the details.

After several months, I got a call while I was in my office that someone was in the lobby and wanted to see me. Now that the church was constructed, she and a few fellow church members had made the trip to Pensacola to personally thank me with a large batch of cookies. As you can imagine, I was quite surprised that someone would do something like this for someone who was simply doing their job. As often as possible, I try to remind myself and those around me that there are people who are the benefactors of the individual decisions we make each day (or the ones we don’t make). While there may not be a large batch of chocolate chip cookies waiting in the lobby, the relevance of our actions is the same. And yes, all gift provisions were strictly adhered to.

Q: What is a lesson you would provide to the private sector that interacts with the Department that may be helpful?

Photo Courtesy FDEP

A: I think it’s important to approach each interaction in a meaningful and productive way, however small and fleeting the opportunity might be. Often, we forget that there are people just like us on the other end of our engagements. There are always opportunities to stay solution-oriented, and at the end of the day, the rule and the laws are the deciding factor, not the individual. If we can remember that during our interactions, we reduce the risk of personal frustrations limiting the ability to have productive and solution-oriented conversations.

Q: In your new role, what type of work are you doing?

A: I serve as Dewberry’s regional water lead based out of Tampa, and my primary focus is maintaining existing and developing new relationships in southwest Florida. One thing that drew me to

Photo Courtesy FDEP

Dewberry was the opportunity to support the focus on a “One Water” paradigm, meaning the journey of water through the various natural, domestic, and industrial processes, like stormwater management, groundwater extraction, drinking water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, and its subsequent beneficial reuse.

Q: What is Dewberry doing in Florida that excites you?

A: I’m always excited when I see new and innovative ways to deal with some of the complex environmental challenges we face as a state. Along those lines there are two projects that come to mind.

Photo Courtesy FDEP

The first is a project in Plant City where Dewberry assisted in a cooperative effort with the city’s parks and recreation and utilities departments to plan and construct a natural system with both recreational and water resources benefits. The result is the McIntosh Preserve Integrated Water Treatment Wetlands project, which is a multi-phased project that involved the design, permitting, bidding, and construction administration services for the installation of two miles of ADA-compliant recreational trails, a parking lot, a wildlife viewing platform, trail and educational signage, and kiosks.

The current phase of the project involves 172 acres of multi-purpose constructed treatment wetlands. When complete, the project will provide beneficial reuse of an estimated 2.5 million gallons of water per day, an annual net reduction of almost 10,000 pounds of total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP), increased stormwater capacity, and reduced localized flood risk, all while providing nature-based recreational opportunities.

Photo Courtesy Executive Office of the Governor

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Another project highlights a key component of the One Water paradigm and includes a direct connection to the

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rule-making efforts that were wrapping up while I was at the Florida Department of Environmental Protection/ While the Department navigated the extensive direct potable reuse (DPR) rule-making process, Polk County Utilities, with grant funding supplied by the Southwest Florida Water Management District, initiated a pilot project at the Cherry Hill Water Production Facility (WPF). Polk County Utilities has a goal to increase the resilience of the county’s water supply and provide an opportunity to investigate direct potable reuse as a future water supply option.

Dewberry provided planning, design, and construction administration of the DPR pilot facility located at the Cherry Hill WPF, which, amazingly, is the first in Florida to conduct feasibility testing at a water treatment plant rather than a wastewater plant.

The goal of the project was to use up to 1.5 million gallons per day of reclaimed water for innovative treatment methods and to verify that contaminants can be removed while adhering to rigorous state and federal drinking water standards. Now that the project has produced over a years’ worth of data, results can be directly compared to the new DPR rules to produce a uniquely data-driven design for any future project phases, and more importantly, support the critical need for public education to consumers about DPR’s viability as a safe and reliable drinking water source.

Q: Any last thoughts or comments you would like to share?

A: I look forward to getting out and connecting with and supporting the utilities, local governments, and other stakeholders in southwest Florida as they work to provide the infrastructure necessary for the incredible growth our state is experiencing.

Florida Specifier

Invasive Species – Your Questions Answered Q A : What is an invasive species?

A

: An invasive species is an organism that does not naturally occur in a specified geographic area, has been introduced intentionally or unintentionally by humans, and either does or could harm the environment, economy or human health. Invasive species pose a significant threat to Florida’s ecosystems by impacting water quality, native habitats and biodiversity. Both aquatic and terrestrial invasive plants, as well as invasive animals, require vigilant management to control their spread.

Q

: Are there many types of invasive species?

A

: Unfortunately, there are many invasive species in Florida. The District manages aquatic invasive plants, including hydrilla, water hyacinth and water lettuce, along with invasive terrestrial plants, including Old World Climbing Fern, Cogon grass, melaleuca tree and Brazilian peppertree. Additionally, the District manages invasive animals like feral hogs on conservation lands.

Q

: Why is managing invasive species important?

: Invasive aquatic plants can significantly impact ecosystems by hindering water flow, reducing oxygen levels and disrupting native habitats. This can negatively impact recreation like boating, swimming and fishing. Invasive aquatic vegetation can also negatively impact water quality, fish and wildlife habitat, and limit the natural movement of water during flood events by forming jams on bridges and other structures. The small pockets between the leaves on water lettuce often harbor mosquitoes, which can spread disease to animals and people.

Invasive terrestrial plants can overwhelm native vegetation, disrupting habitats and creating unsuitable conditions for wildlife. These plants grow quickly and often propagate easily, outcompeting native vegetation. Invasive terrestrial vegetation can also displace native plant communities, disrupt normal ecosystem processes, such as fire ecology, and destroy wildlife habitat.

Q

: How does the District control invasive vegetation throughout the region?

A

: The District utilizes a comprehensive approach to managing invasive vegetation on both District lands and public waterbodies. Integrated pest management is a method of managing invasive vegetation that combines cultural, biolog-

ical, mechanical and chemical controls, while considering the impact of these control methods on the environment. On public waterbodies, the District works with the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) to maintain healthy aquatic ecosystems through FWC’s aquatic plant management program.

Aquatic plant management operations are conducted using aquatic herbicides (chemical), harvesters (mechanical), and triploid grass carp (biological), a weed-eating fish. The methods used depend on the plant species being targeted, the level of infestation, the size of the water body, and its primary use, among other factors. No single method is effective for all situations. Additionally, the District engages in cultural control methods by educating the public about invasive vegetation through information and public engagement.

Q

: How can the public help?

A

: Keeping invasive species under control is a challenging job. Aside from the District’s efforts in managing hundreds of thousands of acres of conservation lands and public waters, you can do your part in helping to stop the spread of invasive species by learning what plants you should and should not plant and by ensuring that all aquatic plant material

is removed from your boat and trailer before and after launching your boat. For more information about invasive species, please visit WaterMatters.org/invasive-species-florida.

Garrett Snider Vegetation Management Manager Southwest Florida Water Management District

Garrett Snider is the vegetation management manager for the Southwest Florida Water Management District. Garrett is a licensed Florida pesticide applicator and has more than 20 years of vegetation management experience. He is a member of the Florida Aquatic Plant Management Society and the Florida Invasive Species Council and holds a bachelor’s degree in Sustainability Management from St. Petersburg College along with a Project Management Certification.

Orange County Public Works Steps Forward in LID

By BLANCHE HARDY

O

range County Florida’s Public Works Department is taking the lead in implementing Low Impact Development (LID) principles for stormwater management directly into the infrastructure planning process. LID is an approach to land development and/or re-development that works with nature to manage stormwater as close to its source as possible. It is a measure to achieve sustainability in a region where ground and surface water are a diminishing source for potable, agricultural/commercial, and natural resources supply.

“LID employs principles such as preserving and recreating natural landscape features, minimizing effective imperviousness to create functional and appealing site drainage that treat stormwater as a resource rather than a waste product,” said Julie Bortles, Orange County Public Works Sustainability Lead.

LID is frequently associated with Comprehensive Planning when creating standards for short- and long-range community development and placemaking but is less frequently seen as a “hard” standard for infrastructure planning. This program is taking a needed step forward by adding LID principals into the forefront of roadway corridor and stormwater management planning.

“Urban development results in many changes that can impact stormwater runoff quality and quantity,” Bortles said. “In order to meet the treatment requirements needed to protect downstream lakes and rivers, tools such as LID practices may be used in combination with traditional stormwater best management practices.”

As the county moves forward with capital projects for new or replacement infrastructure, such as roadways, pedestrian walkways and drainage retrofits, the project and/or site will be evaluated to determine if LID practices are needed or can be implemented.

County. Volume I - describes many of the technologies available. These were evaluated for ability to be implemented in Orange County, and Volume II - outlines technical requirements for the top four practices.

The manual is intended to provide the background, technical, and operation and maintenance guidance. Implementation of LID measures will allow for the flexibility to improve the quality of stormwater runoff within communities and both structural and non-structural practices can be employed to meet the needs of a project site within individual watersheds.

Orange County anticipates implementation of the LID program will benefit the county by improving the quality of stormwater runoff and ultimately the quality of water in lakes and rivers within the county. This is particularly important in watersheds that have impaired water bodies where LID practices can help remove nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, that can cause impairments from stormwater runoff.

To assist in meeting sustainability goals, Orange County Public Works helped develop and is undertaking technical staff level training for incorporating LID standards into proposed and existing projects. Implementation is outlined in the recently published Orange County Stormwater Low Impact Development Manuals Volume 1 and Volume 2 developed by the county’s Public Works, Environmental Protection, and Planning Departments with the assistance of Geosyntec consultants.

Volume 1 is organized into six (6) sections primarily for use by professionals engaged in planning, designing, constructing, operating, and maintaining development and retrofit projects in Orange

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Center. “Targeted surveys, guided by these data, can allow us to be more efficient and successful in our efforts to control Burmese pythons.” These data were collected as part of the SFWMD Python Elimination Program between May 2020 and April 2022. The researchers from UF/IFAS analyzed 4,092 surveys from python contractors totaling over 16,000 hours of effort.

CRACKING THE BURMESE PYTHON CODE: NEW DATA ZEROES IN ON GAME-CHANGING STRATEGIES In a groundbreaking study, University of Florida scientists statistically analyzed large amounts of data collected by Burmese python contractors, revealing critical insights about how to most efficiently remove the reptiles.

Researchers correlated survey outcomes, including python removals, with survey conditions, using statistical modeling.

For example, the researchers examined if factors like time or temperature impacted the chance of removing a python. They also analyzed whether the most surveyed areas aligned with the highest python removals. This allowed the researchers to identify regions where few contractors are catching a lot of pythons, indicating more contractors working in these locations could result in more pythons removed.

“This collaboration among the UF Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), and the contractors increases our ability to detect and remove pythons by providing guidelines for when and where to survey to optimize your chances of finding a python,” said Melissa Miller, an invasion ecologist at UF/IFAS Fort Lauderdale Research and Education

Researchers identified two regions where python removals could likely be increased with more surveys. These regions occurred toward the western edge of Big Cypress National Preserve along the Tamiami Trail and a stormwater treatment area in Palm Beach County. Additionally, researchers identified optimal conditions that improve survey outcomes, providing specific guidelines for contractors.

Published in Scientific Reports, the study highlights effective python management strategies and demonstrates how researchers, natural resource managers and residents can collaborate to improve wildlife conservation.

“Managing pythons is an enormous effort, undertaken by Floridians deeply invested in restoring the intricate ecological processes that define the Everglades,” said Romer. “This work is about safeguarding one of the world’s most unique ecosystems—not just for today, but for generations to come.”

DEP’S ARC TO TAKE FLORIDA FOREVER PROJECT PUBLIC COMMENTS The Acquisition and Restoration Council (ARC) will host three regional meetings to receive public comments on the 2025 Florida Forever program Cycle 1 project proposals. ogies and strategies. Today, water reuse drives prosperity, sustainability, and public health for communities worldwide.

2025 FLORIDA ASSOCIATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS ANNUAL CONFERENCE

The Annual WateReuse Symposium is the premier conference on water recycling — attracting water professionals and water reuse practitioners globally for knowledge-sharing, networking, and collaboration. The Symposium is the most comprehensive water recycling learning opportunity available, covering policy, technology, operations, and communications for applications that range from irrigation and potable reuse to onsite and industrial systems. !

When: Where:

https://watereuse.org/news-events/conferences/symposium-2025/

March 12-14 Hilton St. Petersburg Bayfront

The Florida Association of Environmental Professionals (FAEP) is proud to present the 2025 FAEP Conference. The FAEP Conference is an annual conference bringing together environmental professionals and subject matter experts in environmental policy, natural resources, engineering and various other disciplines. This year’s conference is being hosted by the Tampa Bay Chapter of the Florida Association of Environmental Professionals. https://www.faep-fl.org/faep-conference ANNUAL WATEREUSE SYMPOSIUM When: Where:

March 16-19 JW Marriott Tampa

2025 marks the 40th anniversary of the WateReuse Symposium! In 1985, water professionals first convened in San Diego to discuss emerging water reuse technol-

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LEAGUE OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATORS IN FLORIDA SPRING MINI-CONFERENCE When: Where:

March 22 UF/IFAS Austin Cary Forest, Gainesville

Join us as we gather to share best practices in PreK12 education, learn new Environmental activities, explore professional development opportunities, and discover exciting new research!

If you or your organization is interested in submitting a presentation proposal for this mini-conference, submit proposals

by January 10, 2025.

March 4, 2025 4-5 p.m., EST Putnam County Administration Building Commission Meeting Room 2509 Crill Ave. Palatka, FL 32177 Project: Hog Island March 11, 2025 4-5 p.m., EDT Manatee County Administration Building 5th Floor Meeting Room 1112 Manatee Ave. W. Bradenton, FL 34205 Project: Myakka Corridor Addition April 11, 2025 9-10 a.m., EDT Marjorie Stoneman Douglas Building Room 137 3900 Commonwealth Blvd.

Tallahassee, FL 32399 Projects: Marks River Timberlands and Springs, Teal Timber The meeting agendas are available on the Department of Environmental Protection’s website.

COMMISSIONER WILTON SIMPSON ANNOUNCES $2 MILLION AVAILABLE FOR SECOND PHASE OF FLORIDA’S FUTURE FORESTS PROGRAM Florida Commissioner of Agriculture Wilton Simpson and the Florida Forest Service announced another $2 million is now available to Florida landowners through the Florida’s Future Forests Program. In its fourth year, the program aims to improve forest health by promoting tree planting that ensures the long-term viability of Florida’s forestlands.

Where:

Rosen Centre Hotel, Orlando

The PFAS Forum V is being organized to provide an understanding of the environmental issues related to PFAS, educate the environmental/remediation industry and regulatory community on the potential risks from PFAS, as well as discuss regulatory and legal issues, monitoring, treatment, cleanup and disposal technologies. https://pfasforum.org/ FLORIDA WATER RESOURCES CONFERENCE When: Where:

May 4-7 Palm Beach Convention Center

This forum is for presentations and discussions of cutting-edge technology development as well as practical case studies of applications of technology in water and wastewater utilities. The conference is unique in that it brings together a broad range of professionals: engineers, scientists, operators, technicians and management, of all water utilities. The FWRC also features one of the largest regional technical exhibitors in the nation with the participation of over 350 manufacturers and services providers.

https://leef-florida.org/page-18158

FWRC is a joint conference of the Florida Section of the American Water Works Association, the Florida Water Environment Association, and the Florida Water and Pollution Control Operators Association.

PFAS FORUM V

https://www.fwrc.org/

When:

“Florida’s Future Forests Program is a win-win for Florida’s landowners and our state’s natural resources, and I appreciate the Florida Legislature for continued support for this program,” said Commissioner Wilton Simpson. “Private lands make up the majority of Florida’s forestlands, and these funds will help landowners reestablish forests, including sites that were damaged by recent hurricanes.”

The initial $2 million offering was released in July of 2024 to also fund future site preparation, seedlings, and planting. This program is a significant long-term investment for the state and helps maintain and conserve Florida’s forests and natural resources for future generations.

“As this winter’s tree planting season winds down, now is the perfect time for landowners to take advantage of this program to plan and prepare for future reforestation projects,” said Florida Forest Service Director Rick Dolan. “Forests provide clean air, clean water, habitat for wildlife, recreation, and many essential products, and we hope to continue to make these funds available to landowners early in the year to help enhance our forests.”

The Florida’s Future Forests Program is open to non-industrial, private landowners, local governments, and registered nonprofit organizations. Interested applicants should contact their Florida Forest Service County Forester to initiate the application process. To learn more about the Florida’s Future Forests Program and locate your local county forester, visit FDACS.gov/FutureForests. The deadline for application submission is 3 p.m. eastern time on March 21, 2025.

NORTH AMERICAN HAZARDOUS MATERIALS MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION SOUTHEAST ANNUAL CONFERENCE When: Where:

June 9-12 Embassy Suites Jacksonville Baymeadows

The North American Hazardous Material Management Association (NAHMMA) is a professional organization dedicated to pollution prevention and reduction of hazardous materials entering municipal waste streams from households and small businesses. Our annual NAHMMA Southeast Chapter Conference is a critical networking opportunity bringing together hazardous waste professionals, buyers, and industry leaders from municipal HHW collection programs and SQG programs from the Southeastern United States. https://nahmma.org/Southeast_Chapter FLORIDA ASSOCIATION FOR WATER QUALITY CONTROL When: Where:

June 12-14 Naples Grande Beach Resort

The Association is dedicated to managing, improving, and protecting the quality of Florida’s waters. The conference will focus on timely presentations on critical Florida water issues and agendas, continuing education, and networking. https://fawqc.com/annual-conference/

April 9-11

MARCH / APRIL 2025

Florida Specifier

PERSPECTIVES

The Crucial Role of Recycling in Protecting Our Environment

By KEYNA CORY

R

ecycling is more than just a responsible habit; it’s a vital practice for the future of our environment. This is a particularly timely topic, as Americans throw away 25 percent more trash between Thanksgiving and New Year’s than any other time of the year. In today’s rapidly industrializing global marketplace, the consumption of resources is accelerating at an unprecedented rate. Without the widespread commitment to robust recycling programs, the planet’s natural resources could be depleted, contributing to environmental degradation and the acceleration of climate change. Recycling offers a practical solution to these challenges by promoting material circularity, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and preserving natural resources.

One of the core benefits of recycling is its ability to promote material circularity, a concept that focuses on keeping resources in use for as long as possible. In a circu-

lar economy, materials are continuously cycled back into production rather than being discarded as waste. For example, when paper, plastic, or metal products are recycled, they are broken down and used to create new products, eliminating the need to extract raw materials. This reduces the burden on natural ecosystems, as fewer trees need to be cut down, fewer ores need to be mined, and less energy is consumed in the creation of new materials. By minimizing the production of waste and promoting the reuse of existing materials, recycling helps move us closer to a sustainable, circular economy.

Recycling also plays a significant role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which are the primary drivers of climate change.

The production of new products from raw materials requires a significant amount of energy, much of which comes from burning fossil fuels. This process releases large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. However, recycling often requires much less energy compared to manufacturing with virgin materials. For example, recycling aluminum saves up to 95 percent of the energy needed to produce new aluminum from bauxite ore. As a result, recycling helps to reduce the overall carbon footprint of manufacturing processes, mitigating the impact of global warming.

Moreover, recycling helps preserve finite natural resources that are becoming increasingly scarce. Every year, vast amounts of forests are destroyed, water supplies depleted, and minerals extracted to meet the growing demand for consumer products. Through recycling, these resources can be conserved. For instance, recycling one ton of paper can save 17 trees, while recycling metals reduces the need for mining, which often damages ecosystems and pollutes water sources.

In Florida, in a 2023 study by the Hinkley Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management, researchers concluded that, “a targeted recyclables program that focuses on a smaller suite of materials (cardboard, aluminum and steel cans, PET and HDPE plastics) can provide local governments a more optimized system that allows them to continue to offer residents and businesses access to recycling that maximize the value of the materials collected while lowering the program’s net costs.”

The study also found that dropping a municipal recycling program can result in adverse environmental impacts (.34 to 2.4 times more greenhouse gas emissions) and hastening the depletion of remaining landfill capacity in a region.

The Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation is a coalition of leading Florida businesses and associations dedicated to improving Florida’s recycling rates. Our members are proactively implementing initiatives in their organizations to reduce the waste they produce and increase their recycling and sustainability programs.

Additionally, our companies are working to create greater recycling opportunities for residents and businesses in Florida.

The Florida Recycling Partnership believes it is important for local governments and policy makers to implement and maintain comprehensive recycling programs for businesses and residential customers that include curbside recycling collection for all households, including multifamily housing.

In conclusion, recycling is an essential practice for protecting the environment. By embracing material circularity, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and conserving natural resources, recycling helps create a more sustainable world for future generations.

Keyna Cory is the Executive Director of the Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation.

New Group Formed To Combat the Decline of the St. Johns River

By JOE BALOG

F

or more than a century, Florida’s St. Johns River was the epicenter of freshwater fun in the Sunshine State. The 310-mile waterway attracted visitors from across North America to enjoy worldclass fishing and outdoor recreation. Local economies boomed.

Unfortunately, the St. Johns River of today maintains just a fraction of its once-storied appeal. Suffering from habitat loss and declining fish stocks, much of the St. Johns now lies quiet, tourists and their dollars heading elsewhere.

Data – comprised of results from electrofishing surveys – report the lowest gamefish numbers and total biomass for many areas of the river basin. Yet, despite significant funding and attention going to other environmental recovery efforts throughout Florida, the St. Johns River continues to struggle with no discernable management plan in place.

In early 2024, I joined a group of concerned St. Johns River advocates seeking real change, forming Mighty River Recovery. Based in DeLand, this nonprofit is the first of its kind in Florida, bringing to light the issues outdoor enthusiasts have been dealing with for decades.

Mighty River Recovery includes representatives of the fishing community, biologists and fisheries scientists, tourism professionals, and area business members. Together, the organization seeks to engage and build a like-minded community focused on ending the decline of the St. Johns River.

Addressing habitat loss is the first order of business for Mighty River Recovery. In the case of the St. Johns River, managers routinely point to weather events and the highwater levels in 2017 and 2018 as the reason for losses in submerged aquatic

Florida Specifier

Photo courtesy Mighty River Recovery

vegetation (SAV) and corresponding poor fish stocks. However, Mighty River Recovery has shown that numerous challenges facing the St. Johns River, including SAV loss, nutrient loading within the watershed and dangerous algae blooms, have been occurring for decades. In fact, several storied fisheries within the river’s middle and upper basin have been essentially written off since the late 1990s.

The impacts of these challenges are broad and complex. Exotic fish numbers, including tilapia and plecos catfish, have exploded in number, with impacts yet to be fully understood. Management of invasive plants continues to be driven primarily with the use of herbicide spraying, the long-term effects of which have never been impartially studied.

While users and scientists alike track the decline, management strategies remain unchanged. Recent climatic events like hurricanes have led to the highest water levels on record, signaling further loss. Despite that, we have yet to see a plan to increase the resilience of the St. Johns River.

Through organization and a desire to act, Mighty River Recovery is moving forward with efforts to restore this fabulous waterway.

Initial projects include SAV enclosure builds – aiding a state-run project and expanding to private efforts through partnerships. These units help regrow vital native vegetation but, even more importantly, provide a real-world study opportunity. Water and sediment characteristics are of special concern, including nutrient levels, pesticide presence, and organic accumulation.

Moreover, Mighty River Recovery insists that more be done to understand the longterm impacts of herbicide use on the resource and advocate for alternative methods of invasive plant control. While effects have been dismissed or downplayed, there is ample reason to believe that the use of these chemicals is causing significant harm to the natural system. Through this practice, the basic building blocks of the ecosystem are routinely destroyed, sinking to the bottom of the river as lifeless muck.

MARCH / APRIL 2025

Mighty River Recovery is committed to partnering with groups and institutions determined to learn more, view the big picture, and advocate for change. These include academic institutions, numerous multinational fishing and outdoor organizations, and other non-governmental organizations. With a lack of hard data for the river, and an overwhelming dissatisfaction among users, more must be done to understand and save this imperiled ecosystem before it’s too late.

Sadly, many outdoor enthusiasts have come to accept the decline of the St. Johns River as status-quo. Mighty River Recovery has not, and we’re rapidly organizing a group advocating for change that’s long overdue. If you’d like to get involved, we can be found at mightyriverrecovery.org.

Joe Balog is Executive Director of Mighty River Recovery

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Florida Specifier