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VOLUME 21 NUMBER 3 ◆ MARCH 2017

2017 forecast:

Lower St. Johns River Is Getting Multi-Agency Attention

Steakhouses beef up menus with new twists on American classics

Rockville, MD - When it comes to American cuisine, there are few things more iconic than steakhouses. The slabs of marbled meat, the sizzling PAGE 5grills, the oozing butter, and the dripping bravado, maybe even a cowboy hat or two for ambiance—it's enough to make even fictional steakophile Ron Analysis: Swanson misty-eyed.

Catering industry Yet for all the traditional steak dinners ordered daily, there are restaurants revenues on the rise 4 nationwide pushing the concept of the all-American steakhouse to new culinary heights, according to market re“Big Data” — search firm Packaged Facts in the brand Does your new report 2017 Forecast: Culinary FDOT Panther Program is Trend Tracking Series. restaurant "The steakhouse is back and will Reaping need it? Benefits 7 capture our attention in 2017. Not that the classic restaurant style ever disapPAGE 7 Chefs and consumers both want and sustainable sourcing, local and peared, but a renewal of the model is their meat to taste delicious and to feel seasonal produce, and global flavors Rise Bisquits taking in response to new sources Byplace BLANCHE HARDY Quinete: “We know from the water good about its’ consumption, too.

This and forms, all done within the steakof beef and new flavorful expressions of Donuts to open cycle that the water precipitates into the new breed of steakhouse broadcasts its house format showcasing cuts of meat the concept that get chefs and Coral Springs AinPreview of the A team of scientists, led by Dr. Nataliamission to ground, and part of it can infiltrate soil 11 diners Dr. Natalia Soares Quinete support local ranchers, facas entrées with a choice of sides. excited," says David Sprinkle, reTrump Presidency on Soares Quinete, and including Maria tor in sustainability and become groundwater.

Therefore, part new menu categories (such to and animal welfare, Moreover, search director, Packaged Facts.

Environmental Policy Guerra de Navarro and Yosmely Rwyna at of PFAS in rainwater will end up in the the overall composition of water supand create a dining experience that as flatbreads) and service elements Today's steakhouse menus increasFlorida International University’s groundwater. is important ply the concentration levels detected showcases culinary flair,However, not just a itgrill freshento the concept.

Del Taco spices ingly feature grass-fed cattle, locally Institute PAGE 12 of Environment, Freshwater Resources emphasize thatsteak PFAS by the Florida International University master's skill at cooking to levels the re-detected in raised animals, heritage varieties, meat up expansion in Division recently published raining low operations compared to previously team are very low. quested rainwater doneness. are These About the Report butchered and dry aged in-house,It’s and the Southeast 13 dishes be more inclusive, PFAS instem Southfrom Florida: Occurrence reportedtogroundwater levels (which2017 has Forecast: Culinary Trend that the whole ani- ofare also designed more of aother greatsources place for all kinds of Tracking offers an outlook on the substances besides rainwater).

The SeriesConsidering Florida is a notable agriculmal,pernotand justpolyfluoroalkyl the premium cuts.

And people to dine well, not just traditionculinary trends—the foods, dishes, ingre- can the PFAS (PFAS) atmospheric relevance of our findings is tied to the tural products producer, that's just in thewetmeat.

Creativedeposition side onprofile expense accounts. dients Factsrepresent a potential dishes in Miami-Dade, lieu of old standards, global Theminded men from South Florida.

PFAS and abundance trend.

Theand flavors—that detected Packaged in rainwater As a result, the modern steakhouse expects to grow in popularity in 2017. andarticle seasonal flavors, and a wider menu appears in Volume 15, Issue 12 of identified PFAS and their abundance for human impact via infiltration or irrigais increasingly to other modern of local or selection also distinguish these new the December 2024 issue of Atmospheric ratiossimilar indicate the influence tion of consumable crops, animal grazing Advertisers Directory . . . . . . . 2 See STEAKHOUSE page 11 restaurants with a focus on distinctive school operations.

Appetizers:

A Dialogue With Florida International University’s Dr. Soares Quinete

Connect Entrées: With Us

Appell Pie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

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incomplete, please contact us with the correct information Classified Ads. . . . . . . . . at . . . SPECIFIER . . . . . 14 PUBLISHING LLC, P.O. Box 1857 Tallahassee, FL 32302, or email us What’s Going On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 at admin@floridaspecifier.com. We appreciate your help with keeping our circulation database accurate.

Volume 47, Number 1

Pollution Research.

It is the first PFAS data collection for rainwater in South Florida. The study has determined that Miami has been identified as the U.S. city with the 3rd highest levels of PFAS pollution in groundwater among 44 locations assessed.

point sources of pollution, related to local human activities, as well as non-point sources, linked to long-range atmospheric transport. This was also evident in the variation in the concentration of certain PFAS and their seasonal variability.”

or consumption of fodder, or by contaminated rainwater and stormwater runoff entering sea life and fisheries?

Jollibee's U.S. expansion continues with first Florida location opening

Quinete: “Crops can accumulate PFAS, and the major sources are biosolids and irrigation water. As much as we expect Dr. Quinete noted the amount of PFAS that rainwater will contribute to the input detected thesince rainwater below PFASininFlorida, the agriculture, the concenJacksonville, FL - After much anticbeen the talk of the in town 2016. analyzed is "As Jollibeeof debuts we The Specifier reached Jollibee, out to the trations in rainwater ipation and excitement, theFlorida With the the National opening, Drinking FloridiansWater will Standard, anticipate seeing not only a multi- are lower than in International University team for more specifically belowmenu established and potable largest Asian restaurant company, is insights get to try Jollibee's signature tudeU.S. of excitedbiosolids Jollibee patrons wait- water. The presintoopen the results of the study.

EPA as Maximum Concentration fortheir hands ence ofonPFAS in waterways can have a now in Jacksonville.

This is the items such the world famous Levels ing to get their Jollibee the regulated PFAS (PFOS, PFOA, PFBS, but also long-term effect, as these chemicals are 36th store in the US, as well as Chickenjoy.

This dish is delicately favorites, first-timers waiting the firstdoes in the and be and crispylicious to the have their extremely own Jollibee experi- considered “forever What thestate new discovery mean for breaded PFNA,toGenX PFHxS). While persistent, Southeast US. It opened of these chemicals? onPFAS the outside and said Jose Miñana, Jollibee rainwater infiltration detected in juicylicious rainwater will ence," contribute to the public on March 18, 2017.

Jacksonville is the most populous city in the Sunshine State, as well as home to the largest FilipinoAmerican community in Florida. The longawaited arrival of

By GREG Jollibee in the cityEVANS has

CONTINUED ON PAGE 2 inside. The well-loved Jolly Foods Corporation's Group President Spaghetti is a favorite of both kids for North America. "There's no and kids-at-heart because greater joy for us than serving the of its signature sweetneeds and tastes of Jollibee fans in style sauce, loaded with the community. At Jollibee, we aim to chunky slices of savory bring families together for happy ham, ground meat, moments over great tasting food with and hotdog. Other superior value, served with warm classic menu faand friendly service – our own brand vorites include the of joy." juicy and cheesy The brand has become a symbol of Lions in Jolly St. Augustine during the project.

So, when the discovery Hotdog,made and a remarknostalgia and warm childhood memable discovery. excavating the site, made,Filipinos that archaeologist was able to the PeachWhile Mango Pie, ories for manywas overseas in the crew began to unearth long planks quickly assess determine this was not which is made with real the U.S. To many, Jollibee is theand go-to of wood, prompting anmanimmediate halt of Filipinos just a piece of wood, Philippine sweet restaurant for both special but something much and a flaky golden to thegoes project. more important.

See JOLLIBEE page 15 brown crust.

FDOT Discovers Historic 19th Century Vessel During King Street Drainage Project in St. Augustine When people think of famous archaeologists, they usually envision Indiana Jones’ daring adventures to find rare artifacts.

They probably don’t think of the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) making discovers of historical significance, but that’s exactly what happened in October 2023, when a maintenance crew working on State Road A1A at the King Street drainage project near the Bridge of

Because so much of Florida has significant historical value, FDOT employs a team of archaeologists who assess every construction and maintenance project. If a project is taking place in historically sensitive areas, like St. Augustine, an archaeologist is on site to monitor everything that goes on

Over the course of a week, FDOT’s Planning and Environmental Management team, in collaboration with Southeastern Archaeological Research, Inc. (SEARCH), undertook a meticulous excavation of the site. Archaeologists and FDOT teams were CONTINUED ON PAGE 3

U.S. EPA Files WOTUS Rule Revision

By STAFF REPORTS

SPECIFIER PUBLISHING LLC Publisher

A new rule established in December by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency aims to clarify processes for states to assume permitting of dredge and fill activities in federally protected wetlands and waterways under the Clean Water Act Section 404(g).

However, it is likely that as President-elect Donald Trump’s administration assumes control of the White House in January, it will scrutinize not only this rule, but others created under the Biden Administration. Trump has nominated former Representative Lee Zeldin from Long Island, New York, to be EPA Administrator.

For decades, officials in Washington D.C. have attempted to create a definition of Waters of the United States, known as WOTUS, which are continuously challenged in court. The country now has a patchwork of regulations, with 23 states operating under the “2023 Rule,” which took effect in March 2023, and 27 states – including Florida – operating under a pre-2015 regulatory framework.

That’s partly because in May 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Sackett v. EPA that federal agency jurisdiction “extends only to the limits of Congress’ traditional jurisdiction over navigable waters.” The simplified WOTUS definition in Sackett includes only: traditional, navigable waters such as “streams, oceans, rivers, and lakes” and wetlands when they are FROM PFAS ON PAGE 1 chemicals”, so ecosystems may remain contaminated for decades or longer. PFAS are bioaccumulative and can build up in the food chain, accumulating in seafood and biomagnifying in the apex predators, including humans. Thus, rainwater and stormwater runoff could potentially impact agriculture, sea life, fisheries, and water quality in general, but also other ecosystems (e.g., forests). Stormwater runoff can also carry a mixture of different pollutants, including PFAS.” Quinete explained that PFAS runoff can have consequences for any ecosystem, whether terrestrial or aquatic. However, freshwater, wetlands, coastal, and marine ecosystems are typically the most affected, though forests and groundwater could also be impacted.

Editor-In-Chief PATRICK GILLESPIE

Staff Writers BLANCHE HARDY, PG Senior Correspondent

LINA ALFIERI STERN

MBA, MSRED, LEED Green Associate Photo Courtesy: FDEP

continuously connected to, and indistinguishable from, navigable waters.

According to the rule text, the EPA revised the rule to respond to longstanding requests from state and tribes to clarify processes for assuming these types of permits. The agency stated that the 216-page rule revision will facilitate state and tribal assumption, “by making the procedures and substantive requirements for assumption transparent and straightforward.”

However, experts have suggested that this new rule would allow the federal government to continue controlling permitting over waterways used for commerce and adjacent wetlands, making it unlikely that states will participate.

The research team has also been assessing PFAS levels in wastewater and considering the low amounts they detected in the rainwater compared to the PFAS input from landfill leachates, domestic, including septic effluents, and industrial wastes, the contributions from rainwater to the wastewater systems are expected to be minimal.

However, it was noted understanding the contribution from stormwater runoff would be valuable for further evaluation.

What strategies does the research team support to mitigate exposure?

Quinete: “While we have been assessing PFAS presence in the environment with the goal to understand its fate and transport, we have been collaborating in various projects that are testing different mitigation strategies, such as ultrasound, e-beam, and metal–organic frameworks

Florida continues to be mired in lawsuits over its 404 program, which EPA allowed the state to assume in December 2020.

Environmental groups sued, alleging the EPA erred in that decision.

In February 2024, a Washington D.C. District Judge invalidated the state’s program, sending the permitting authority back to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Corps in October announced it had outsourced portions of its permitting duties, including 404 permitting, to SES Energy Services LLC. The EPA rule is subject to the Congressional Review Act due to the timing of its finalization, according to news reports. ● Link to the rule: https://bit.ly/41TpSnZ

(MOFs), among others, with the hope to find an effective solution for the PFAS issue. Nevertheless, the most employed remediation methods nowadays are activated carbon filters and reverse osmosis systems. We should also emphasize that the public can also reduce their PFAS exposure by limiting their use of products containing PFAS, like non-stick cookware and stain-resistant fabrics, treated carpets, avoiding fish from contaminated waterways, and making informed consumer choices and staying updated on PFAS regulation.” ● The full article is available at: https://bit.ly/4fJapKi

Contributing Writers and Columnists GREG EVANS Florida Department of Transportation DANIELLE FITZPATRICK St. Johns River Water Management District CAROLE ESTES Southwest Florida Water Management District KELLY RICHMOND Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission RALPH DEMEO Guilday Law STEPHEN L. SPECTOR Guilday Law KEYNA CORY Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation MATT POSNER Pensacola and Perdido Bays Estuary Program COLTEN WRIGHT Santa Rosa County Commission

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January / February 2025

Florida Specifier

Photo Courtesy: FDOT District 2

FDOT District 2 Secretary Greg Evans (right) discus with FDOT Archeologist Dr. Ian Pawn (left) the recovered artifacts and next steps for the vessel.

FROM VESSEL ON PAGE 1 stunned when their efforts revealed a partially intact 19th-century boat constructed from pine or cedar.

According to Dr. James Delgado from SEARCH, the ship is believed to be a small single-masted, shallow-draft sailing craft that was likely used to extract fish and shellfish from coastal waterways. The vessel may have sunk unexpectedly and over time was covered in sand, silt clay sediment, and shell, sealing it off from oxygen that would have caused the wood to decay. We are grateful to our partners at SEARCH, who assisted FDOT in removing the boat plank-by-plank and then putting it into wet storage to ensure the boat would remain preserved and not deteriorate when exposed to air.

This area, once the waterfront now covered by the existing seawall, served as a vital port where people disembarked from boats to visit the local market. The discovery of the boat and its artifacts not only enriches our understanding of the region’s history but also underscores the social activities and daily life of 19th-century St. Augustine. The unearthed items paint a picture of the era, showcasing the personal belongings of those who lived and worked in the area.

Along with the boat, additional late-1800s artifacts were recovered – leather shoes, glass bottles, an oil lamp, peanut shells, and coins – offering a tangible connection to the past. Archaeologists were able to pinpoint the century that the vessel is from in part because the leather shoe found along with the boat was paired.

Shoes were not designed to be worn on a designated foot until the 19th century.

The coins narrowed the dates further to between 1868 and 1890.

The boat is currently stored at the St. Augustine Lighthouse Archaeology Maritime Program, where it will be preserved and studied further. This historic discovery highlights the importance of archaeological diligence in modern construction projects, reminding us of the rich history that could lie beneath our feet. FDOT’s commitment to documenting such finds ensures that these treasures are not lost to time but instead contribute to our collective heritage. This exciting find is a testament to the collaborative efforts of work zone and archaeological teams, bringing history to life for all to appreciate. ● Greg Evans is District Two Secretary at the Florida Department of Transportation

Photo Courtesy: FDOT District 2

The vessel remained wet throughout excavation to preserve the near-fully intact vessel.

Facilitating Agricultural Resource Management Systems (FARMS) – Your Questions Answered Q A Q : What is FARMS?

: The Facilitating Agricultural Resource Management Systems, or FARMS program for short, is designed to serve as an incentive to the agricultural community to promote water quantity, water quality and natural systems BMPs to conserve groundwater use and protect water quality in the springs. The program is an agricultural cost-share reimbursement program that reduces groundwater withdrawals from the Upper Floridan aquifer through conservation and alternative water supply best management practices (BMPs). Water quality and natural systems improvement BMPs also may be cost-shared in priority areas in conjunction with water conservation BMPs. The program is a public/private partnership developed by the District and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) in 2003.

Q

: What is a best management practice, or BMP, and what does that look like for FARMS?

A

: Best management practices (BMPs) are methods that have been determined to be the most effective and

Florida Specifier

practical means for improving water conservation and quality in agricultural discharges. Examples of commonly used BMPs for FARMS include surface water pump stations, water control structures, automatic irrigation controls, soil moisture sensors and weather stations.

Q

: What are some of the benefits to the water resources through the FARMS program?

A

: Implementing agricultural BMPs provides many water resource benefits, including reduction of groundwater withdrawals from the Upper Floridan aquifer, improvement of ground and/ or surface water quality impacted by groundwater withdrawals, applied nutrient reduction or retention, and improved natural system functions within wetlands and watersheds.

Q

: How much water has been offset through the FARMS program?

A

: From the inception of the FARMS program in 2003 through 2024, the total projected groundwater offset from the more than 256 approved FARMS projects is 32.6 million gallons of water per day

at an overall average cost-benefit of $2.43 per thousand gallons of water offset.

website at WaterMatters.org/FARMS or contact the District at (941) 404-1452. ●

: As a member of the agricultural community, how do you qualify for FARMS funding?

Carole Estes FARMS Manager Southwest Florida Water Management District

A

: If you are a member of the agricultural community, and have a District water use permit, you can apply for FARMS funding. To qualify for funding, projects must be located in the District and include one or more of the following BMP strategies: utilize an alternative water supply or technology to reduce groundwater use, improve irrigation water quality and watershed ecology by reducing reliance on poorer quality groundwater, and reduce nutrient applications or increase nutrient retention. The FARMS program may reimburse a grower up to 50% of the total project costs. Some projects may qualify for up to 75% reimbursement of total project costs based on the water resource benefits and the project location.

Q

: How can I learn more about the FARMS program?

A

: To learn more about the FARMS program, you can visit the District’s

January / February 2025

Carole Estes is the manager of the Facilitating Agricultural Resource Management Systems (FARMS) program. Carole earned her Bachelor of Science from Florida Institute of Technology and a Master of Science from the University of South Florida in Geology. She is also a Florida professional geologist and a registered geologist in Arizona and has 20 years of experience with the FARMS program. Carole manages the operational and fiscal activities of the FARMS program, which includes working with the agricultural community to implement water conservation and water quality best management practices.

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Florida Cabinet Approves $317 Million in Land Conservation Projects

By STAFF REPORTS On Dec. 17, the Florida Cabinet approved more than $300 million in conservation land deals, closing out 2024 by protecting more than 86,000 acres of land.

The Florida Forever Program, housed at the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, used $111 million in state funding to secure 24,113 acres of critical lands, comprising seven acquisitions.

Among them, five sit within the Florida Wildlife Corridor, an area throughout the interior of the state that has gained bipartisan support from lawmakers in recent years to protect wildlife.

Also approved for purchase was $206 million to preserve more than 62,000 acres of Florida farms and ranches through the Rural and Family Lands Protection Program, a land conservation program administered by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.

That program aims to protect agricultural lands from encroachment, partnering with farmers and ranchers to use sustainable production practices while protecting natural resources.

“The natural beauty of Florida enriches the lives of all who call it home, and I thank Governor DeSantis and the Florida Cabinet for their leadership in protecting our state’s environment for future generations,” said Alexis A. Lambert, Florida Department of Environmental Protection Secretary, in a news release.

“Today marks another historic milestone in Florida’s effort to preserve working agricultural lands,” Simpson said in a news release. “Thanks to the Governor and my fellow Cabinet members, as well as the landowners who are partnering with us, we are permanently preserving from development over 62,000 acres of working farms and ranches. These lands not only fuel our economy but also form the backbone of our state and nation’s food security. Together, we are ensuring that Florida remains a place where agriculture thrives, and our natural resources are conserved for generations to come.”

The Florida Cabinet comprises Gov. Ron DeSantis, Simpson, Attorney General Ashley Moody, and Chief Financial Officer Jimmy Patronis.

ABOUT THE FLORIDA FOREVER PURCHASES: A 12,243-acre acquisition within the Bear Creek Forest Florida Forever Project in Bay County will create a new state forest.

This property expands a corridor of publicly owned lands stretching from Eglin Air Force Base to Apalachicola National Forest. Located within the St. Andrews Bay Watershed, this property will provide significant benefits for water quality and quantity in Florida’s central Panhandle. It is within the Florida Wildlife Corridor and the Northwest Florida Sentinel Landscape.

A 5,910-acre conservation easement within the Coastal Headwaters Longleaf Forest Florida Forever Project in Santa Rosa County will preserve working forest lands and protect the Escambia River watershed.

By restricting development, this property will continue to play a vital role in filtering surface waters that replenish the surficial aquifer and provide an additional buffer to the Escambia River and its floodplain. It is also within the Florida Wildlife Cor-

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ridor and the Northwest Florida Sentinel Landscape.

A 2,483-acre acquisition within the Upper Shoal River Florida Forever Project in Walton County will create a new state park. This property establishes a vital landscape corridor that links nearby conservation lands, including important buffer areas surrounding Eglin Air Force Base. Located within the Upper Shoal River watershed, the property supports aquifer recharge and protects the quality and natural functions of waterbodies and wetlands in the western Florida Panhandle. It is also within the Northwest Florida Sentinel Landscape.

A 1,335-acre acquisition within the Volusia Conservation Corridor Florida Forever Project in Volusia County will contribute to a vital conservation corridor extending from Deep Creek Preserve in the Ocala National Forest south to Fort Drum Marsh. This property will help protect the diverse species, natural communities and landscapes within the St. Johns River watershed, including important basin swamps that drain into Lake Ashby and Spruce Creek Swamp. It is also within the Florida Wildlife Corridor.

A 1,265-acre acquisition within the Northeast Florida Timberlands and Watershed Reserve Florida Forever Project in Duval County will expand Cary State Forest. It fills an important gap, connecting Camp Blanding to Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve. Located between Cary State Forest and Thomas Creek Conservation Area northwest of Jacksonville, this property will enhance water quality for the Lower St. Johns River Basin and expand public outdoor recreational opportunities.

A 764-acre conservation easement within the Green Swamp Florida Forever Project in Polk County will provide a buffer from nearby public infrastructure and strengthen connections between surrounding conservation lands, including the Osprey Unit Hilochee Wildlife Management Area and the Kuder Ranch Agricultural and Conservation Easement. Located just one mile from the newly constructed Interstate 4 wildlife crossing, this property plays a vital role in safeguarding Central Florida’s water supply, particularly in recharging the Florida Aquifer. It is also with the Florida Wildlife Corridor.

A 113-acre acquisition within the Catfish Creek Florida Forever Project in Polk County will expand Allen David Broussard Catfish Creek Preserve State Park, adding over 6,000 feet of frontage along Lake Pierce. This addition will enhance the park with essential facilities and infrastructure, expanding opportunities for public resource-based recreation and environmental education. It is also within the Florida Wildlife Corridor.

sive Florida Scrub habitat lying within a matrix of improved pastures and seasonal wetlands used for cattle grazing. A large number of listed plant and animal species occur on the property, which is often used by Archbold Biological Station for scientific research.

Trailhead Blue Springs, LLC Approximately 11,713.37 acres $22,255,400 Trailhead Blue Springs is a pine plantation and low-density cattle operation in Levy County that envelops portions of the Waccasassa River and nearly all of Devil’s Hammock Wildlife Management Area.

In addition to being a working forest and cow-calf operation, Trailhead Blue Springs is surrounded by conservation areas, providing an important link between these areas. The tract lies on both sides of the Waccasassa River and includes a portion of the floodplain swamp and wetland habitats along it. There is a diverse set of native land cover types across the property, chief among which are forested wetlands.

Anderson Land & Timber — Otter Creek Approximately 6,414.28 acres $6,740,000 Anderson Land and Timber, located in Dixie County, is an active timber operation consisting of planted pine with large expanses of natural forested and non-forested wetlands. The property is situated between the Gulf of Mexico to the west and the Suwannee River to the east. The surrounding land consists of planted timber among a wetland complex of marshland and floodplain swamp. The property is completely surrounded by other conservation lands. The property supports a variety of animals, including deer, turkey, wading birds, and eagles, among others.

Eight Mile Properties, LLC Approximately 5,736.76 acres $5,307,000 Eight Mile, located in Dixie County, has a long history of silvicultural land management, where approximately half of the property is managed in industrial forestry following FDACS Best Management Practices. The tract is directly adjacent to and surrounded by other conservation areas, including Mallory Swamp, the Upper Steinhatchee Conservation Area, and the Lower Steinhatchee Conservation Area.

Eight Mile is a puzzle piece in a matrix of

conservation lands in the region and will protect regional water quality by maintaining the integrity of surrounding waterways and their springsheds.

Williamson Cattle Company (East) Approximately 2,996.22 acres $12,600,000 Williamson Cattle Company, located in Okeechobee County, is an active cattle, citrus, and sod operation. The property consists of pasture with inclusions of forested wetlands and small patches of scrub. This project is home to Florida panthers, is located five miles north of Lake Okeechobee, and is in the Northern Okeechobee inflow subbasin and the Taylor Creek and Nubbin Slough watersheds. The Williamson family has had a farming operation and homestead on this land for more than 75 years.

Bull Hammock Ranch Approximately 5,874.51 acres $51,105,000 Bull Hammock Ranch, located in Martin County, is an active cattle ranch with significant development pressures mounting from the north, south, and east of the property. The property primarily consists of pasture with many small, scattered wetlands, and an upland forested area (mesic hammock). There are also approximately 300 acres of rotational crops in the northeastern corner of the property. The property includes approximately 4,100 acres of improved pasture and 1,400 acres of unimproved or woodland pasture supporting a cow-calf operation.

French Golden Gate Approximately 2,718.40 acres $10,600,000 French Golden Gate, located in DeSoto County, is an active cattle operation that also rotates watermelon, cucumbers, and hay, and includes fire-maintained slash pine flatwoods that support abundant native plant species. The property is located in the upper Peace River watershed, about five miles from the Peace River, where surface water from the southern portions of the property flows to Joshua Creek.

The northern and western portions of the property drain toward Sandy Gully and Fish Branch Creeks. A total of 1,238 acres are in wetlands that provide water storage, water quality, and habitat benefits.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 5

ABOUT THE RURAL AND FAMILY LANDS PURCHASES: Hendrie Ranch — J & J Hendrie Project Approximately 5,610.26 acres $12,900,000 The Hendrie Ranch, located in Highlands County, is a cattle, hay, and timber operation. Hendrie Ranch has been managed by the family for over 65 years for beef and timber and its importance to the greater Fisheating Creek conservation landscape. Hendrie Ranch supports exten-

January / February 2025

Florida Specifier

FROM LAND ON PAGE 4 Montsdeoca Ranch Approximately 4,691.93 acres $15,000,000 Montsdeoca Ranch, located in Highlands County, is a cattle ranch along the Kissimmee River comprised mostly of pasture with isolated wetlands and small pine flatwoods. It is adjacent to water management district land on the northeast and provides an additional upland buffer to the river and adjacent wetlands. It is also located within the Avon Park Air Force Range Sentinel Landscape and the Everglades Headwaters National Wildlife Refuge and Conservation Area. Montsdeoca Ranch has been owned by members of the same family for over 108 years.

One Nine Cattle Approximately 2,787.57 acres $10,310,000 One Nine Cattle, located in Okeechobee County, is an active cattle operation within the Everglades Headwaters National Wildlife Refuge and Conservation Area and the Avon Park Air Force Range

Sentinel Landscape. One Nine Cattle is a seventh-generation family-run cattle operation. One Nine also leases out land to farmers for green beans and watermelon. The composition of One Nine Cattle Ranch is primarily improved pasture with sparse tree cover and various bottomlands. The protection of this property is a natural extension of the protected lands occurring in the Northern Okeechobee Watershed and would benefit a variety of wide-ranging species.

Peeples Family Ranch Approximately 6,123 acres $21,430,000 Peeples Family Ranch, located in Glades County, is an active cattle ranch consisting of large expanses of pasture with small inclusions of natural non-forested uplands, non-forested wetlands, and forested uplands. Surrounding lands are undeveloped pasture, planted timber, and croplands with large forested and non-forested wetlands present to the west.

Crested caracara was documented on site in 1989, and suitable habitat still exists.

This property overlaps a strategic corridor

within the Florida Ecological Greenways Network and is within the Florida Wildlife Corridor. The property contains suitable habitat for the Florida panther, and Florida scrub-jay which have been documented in the vicinity.

Overstreet Ranch Approximately 4,204.59 acres $23,850,000 Overstreet Ranch, located in Osceola County, is an active cattle ranch on the eastern shore of Lake Kissimmee, adjacent to Three Lakes Wildlife Management Area, within the Avon Park Air Force Range Sentinel Landscape, and in the Everglades Headwaters National Wildlife Refuge and Conservation Area. Six generations of the Overstreet Family have ranched on this property. The Overstreet Family primarily runs the property as a cow-calf operation but also farms citrus and sod.

Raley Grove — Florida Highlands Approximately 417.79 acres $8,500,000

Raley Grove, located in Polk County, is an active citrus operation with a small section of improved pasture. This property is approximately two-thirds in citrus grove and one-third in pasture with several large wetlands/ponds. The surrounding area is primarily citrus groves and pasture but also includes lakes Annie, Ada, and Josephine. Some residential development is near the northeast boundary and many areas to the north and south are projected to be developed in the coming years.

Keith Whaley Ranch Approximately 3,382 acres $6,257,900 Keith Whaley Ranch, located in Madison County, is an active cattle ranch and timber operation near the Aucilla River and consists of a timber plantation with extensive wetlands. It is mostly contained within the Aucilla/Wacissa Watershed Florida Forever project. Surrounding lands are pasture, timber, and wetlands, with areas north of the property along US-90 that are projected to be developed in the coming years. ●

Collaborations Drive Efforts to Restore the Lower St. Johns River

By DANIELLE FITZPATRICK The Lower St. Johns River, which stretches from Lake George to Mayport, is an important natural resource for Florida’s environment and economy. Known for its recreational opportunities—boating, fishing and scenic views—the river also serves as an estuary with habitat for a wide variety of fish and wildlife.

However, this part of the river faces continuing challenges to its health and the submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) that grows in its waters. The St. Johns River Water Management District, in collaboration with its partners, is leading efforts to protect and restore the river, ensuring its future health.

Collaboration remains central to restoring the river. The District and its partners have undertaken numerous projects across the region, investing more than $100 million in recent years to protect and enhance water resources. Efforts continue with the North Florida Land Trust (NFLT), which, with support from former Rep. Bobby Panye, secured $2 million to restore 150 acres of SAV in the Lower St. Johns River to jumpstart recovery of SAV. The District will collaborate with NFLT and FWC to identify restoration sites and monitor progress. Partnerships like these are key to accelerating SAV recovery and improving the river’s long-term health.

“Restoring and protecting the Lower St. Johns River takes teamwork, innovation and a focus on smart, science-based solutions,” said St. Johns River Water Management District Executive Director Mike Register. “The District is committed to working with our partners to secure funding, advance projects and support research that will help submerged aquatic vegetation recover and thrive.”

One of the biggest challenges in the Lower St. Johns River Basin—which includes all or portions of Nassau, Duval, Baker, Clay, St. Johns, Putnam, Flagler and Volusia counties—is protecting the SAV within this section of the river. SAV is a key component of this balance because these underwater plants stabilize sediments, improve water quality and provide habitat

Florida Specifier

Photo Courtesy St. Johns River Water Management District

The shallow waters along the shoreline of the St. Johns River provide critical habitat for submerged aquatic vegetation, a cornerstone of restoration efforts in the lower basin.

for fish and other aquatic species. However, the growth of SAV in the Lower St. Johns River has been hindered by several factors, most notably reduced light penetration in the water.

Since Hurricane Irma in 2017, water levels in the river have remained higher than normal, limiting the sunlight that can reach SAV beds. Additionally, flooding in surrounding floodplain wetlands releases organic material into the river, similar to a steeping teabag. This tea-colored water reduces water clarity and reduces sunlight from reaching SAV, slowing its growth.

Despite these challenges, long-term monitoring by the District has shown that SAV plants continue to grow in many areas, though they are smaller and less dense than before. Turtles, crabs, fish and manatees continue to graze on the SAV, eating faster than the SAV can grow under low-light conditions. Experiments by the District, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) and other stakeholders have shown that when graz-

ers are excluded from an area, the SAV will grow up into the water column, resembling the SAV beds previously found along the river. While this grazing makes the SAV harder to see, it hasn’t disappeared.

Fortunately, SAV can recover quickly, especially during drier periods when water levels drop, the tea color diminishes, and more sunlight can reach the plants.

Nutrients also pose a significant challenge to the Lower St. Johns River. Runoff from a variety of sources introduce excess nitrogen and phosphorus into the water, fueling algae growth. When these nutrients are in excess, they act like fertilizer for algae, leading to blooms that can produce harmful toxins and deplete oxygen levels, endangering aquatic life. Reducing nutrient pollution is critical to restoring the river’s health. Over the past seven years, the District and its partners have successfully removed more than 600,000 pounds of nitrogen and nearly 200,000 pounds of phosphorus annually through targeted projects. These efforts include addressing septic system pollution, improving storm-

January / February 2025

water management and encouraging best management practices in agriculture.

While progress is being made, restoring the river’s ecosystem remains a long-term endeavor. Reducing nutrient pollution is essential for preventing harmful algae blooms, but other factors—such as water depth and color—will continue to pose challenges to SAV growth.

Restoring and preserving the Lower St. Johns River is a priority for District and it remains committed to working with its partners and community members to use science-based solutions to address the river’s challenges. Through continued investment, research and collaboration, the Lower St. Johns River will continue its recovery, ensuring its vitality for generations to come. ● Danielle FitzPatrick is a Public Communications Coordinator at the St. Johns River Water Management District

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2025 FLORIDA ASSOCIATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS ANNUAL CONFERENCE When: Where:

2025 NORTH FLORIDA MARINE SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM When: Where:

Jan. 23-24 UF Whitney Lab for Marine Bioscience, St. Augustine

Join researchers, managers, practitioners, and students for 2 days of cutting-edge marine science – right next to the sea! https://nfmss.weebly.com/ 38TH ANNUAL NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BEACH PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGY When: Where:

Feb. 5-7 Embassy Suites, Panama City Beach

The 38th Annual National Conference on Beach Preservation Technology brings together experts, policymakers, and practitioners to share advancements in coastal preservation technology and inform policy decisions for sustainable coastal management. https://www.fsbpa.com/ tech-conference.html

March 12-14 Hilton St. Petersburg Bayfront

The Florida Association of Environmental Professionals (FAEP) is proud to present the 2025 FAEP Conference. The FAEP Conference is an annual conference bringing together environmental professionals and subject matter experts in environmental policy, natural resources, engineering and various other disciplines. This year’s conference is being hosted by the Tampa Bay Chapter of the Florida Association of Environmental Professionals. https://www.faep-fl.org/faep-conference ANNUAL WATEREUSE SYMPOSIUM When: Where:

March 16-19 JW Marriott Tampa

2025 marks the 40th anniversary of the WateReuse Symposium! In 1985, water professionals first convened in San Diego to discuss emerging water reuse technologies and strategies. Today, water reuse drives prosperity, sustainability, and public health for communities worldwide.

The Annual WateReuse Symposium is the premier conference on water recycling — attracting water professionals and water reuse practitioners globally for knowledge-sharing, networking, and collaboration. The Symposium is the most comprehensive water recycling learning opportunity available, covering policy, technology, operations, and communications for applications that range from irrigation and potable reuse to onsite and industrial systems. This one stop event also includes networking events, six meals, coffee and snack breaks, and interactive

workshops – all included in the price of Symposium registration! https://watereuse.org/news-events/conferences/symposium-2025/ LEAGUE OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATORS IN FLORIDA SPRING MINI-CONFERENCE When: Where:

March 22 UF/IFAS Austin Cary Forest, Gainesville

Join us as we gather at the 2025 LEEF Mini-Conference on Saturday, March 22, 2025 at UF/IFAS Austin Cary Forest Campus in Gainesville, Florida to share best practices in PreK12 education, learn new Environmental activities, explore professional development opportunities, and discover exciting new research!

If you or your organization is interested in submitting a presentation proposal for this mini-conference, submit proposals

by January 10, 2025. https://leef-florida.org/page-18158 PFAS FORUM V When: Where:

April 9 - 11 Rosen Centre Hotel, Orlando

The PFAS Forum V is being organized to provide an understanding of the environmental issues related to PFAS, educate the environmental/remediation industry and regulatory community on the potential risks from PFAS, as well as discuss regulatory and legal issues, monitoring, treatment, cleanup and disposal technologies. https://pfasforum.org/

FLORIDA WATER RESOURCES CONFERENCE When: Where:

May 4-7 Palm Beach Convention Center

This forum is for presentations and discussions of cutting-edge technology development as well as practical case studies of applications of technology in water and wastewater utilities. The conference is unique in that it brings together a broad range of professionals: engineers, scientists, operators, technicians and management, of all water utilities. The FWRC also features one of the largest regional technical exhibitors in the nation with the participation of over 350 manufacturers and services providers.

FWRC is a joint conference of the Florida Section of the American Water Works Association, the Florida Water Environment Association, and the Florida Water and Pollution Control Operators Association. https://www.fwrc.org/ 39TH ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING SUMMER SCHOOL When: Where:

July 15-18 J.W. Marriott Marco Island Beach Resort

The 39th Annual Environmental Permitting Summer School will be held in Marco Island, July 15-18, 2025. The 2025 EPSS will bring public and private professionals together for unparalleled leadership and professional development, networking, and best-in-class programming you won’t want to miss! https://floridaenet.com/

PFAS Forum V April 9-11, 2025 Rosen Centre Hotel Orlando, Florida

Forum Purpose: To educate the environmental/remediation industry and regulatory community on the potential risks from PFAS, as well as discuss regulatory and legal issues, monitoring, treatment, cleanup and disposal technologies.

h t t p s : / / pf a s f o r u m . o r g

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January / February 2025

Florida Specifier

FDOT Implements Plans to Help Save the Florida Panther

By BLANCHE HARDY In 2024, Florida has experienced the deadliest year for the Florida panther since 2017, the year the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) began keeping official records.

FWC recorded 33 deaths through Dec. 22; 22 were from vehicle strikes, the latest recorded on Dec. 12. Previously, FWC’s recorded high was 30 deaths. Prior to FWC starting counts, notable highs included 42 panthers killed in 2015 and then again in 2016.

The Florida Department of Transportation is engaged in Panther recovery to help mitigate these losses. The Department released the FDOT Conservation Plan for the Florida Panther this year. The program establishes a framework for implementing panther recovery efforts into their surface transportation program.

The purpose of the Conservation Plan is to provide a framework for net conservation benefit while supporting the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) recovery goals for the Florida panther.

The Department is working closely with Florida agencies and federal partners to minimize impacts to various ecosystems with significant efforts to establish wildlife crossings within panther habitats.

“The Conservation Plan allows FDOT to continue these efforts with an improved emphasis on collaboration with agencies and stakeholders via an annual wildlife crossing prioritization process in the current panther range as well as areas intended to support future range expansion,” said FDOT Deputy Communications Director Michael Williams. “The objectives of this process are to understand the location-specific conditions, select site-specific measures that best address the need, and determine if and when the measure can be funded and implemented.”

According to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the Florida panther was put on the first Endangered species list in 1967. It has rebounded from a population of about 10 to more than 200 in the last 50 years.

Male panthers claim 200-square-mile territories and will often fight with other males who they feel are encroaching.

Videos have gone viral in recent years as hunters have caught rare footage of panthers fighting in the wild.

According to FWC, the Florida panther primarily inhabits the Everglades are areas in south and southwest Florida. Panthers have been observed as far north as Palm Coast, but those are rare sightings. The main motivation for the State of Florida’s push to develop the Florida Wildlife Corridor is to set aside rural land for protection and to develop pathways for wildlife to cross under or around roads and highways to avoid the risk of vehicle deaths. The corridor is currently nearly 18 million acres.

Implementing FDOT’s goals are designed to help reduce wildlife vehicle collisions, open opportunities for public education and outreach, and open the pathway to developing other innovative conservation measures. The Plan provides several tools, conservation measures, and other processes that can be implemented by the Depart-

Florida Specifier

Male Florida panther in refuge.

Photo Courtesy Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

ment in coordination with the USFWS, FWS, and other partners.

In addition to developing and maintaining data to determine wildlife crossing locations using GIS data, camera trap photos, and similar, the Department will install wildlife crossings as part of the plan. FDOT will develop and enhance guidelines for wildlife crossing design and provide technical support to other entities interested in how to design wildlife crossings. The plan also includes funding for research.

The Department’s Office of Environmental Management oversees compliance with the federal Endangered Species Act. To assist the panther as well as other species, the Department will purchase conservation lands and conduct public outreach and undertake educational measures.

“Roadkill is the number one cause of mortality documented for panthers, making it much more difficult for the species’ small population to expand its range northward,” said Elizabeth Fleming, Senior Florida Representative and Florida panther program lead at Defenders of Wildlife. “Florida agencies and environmental groups must work together to focus on securing more interconnected habitat and wildlife crossings and expanding social acceptance for the world’s only breeding population of the Florida panther—the official animal of the fastest-growing state in the country.

This year’s mortality numbers once again remind us that if we don’t take meaningful action while we can, there may not be any panther deaths left to count.” ●

Map of known panther occurance

Graphic Courtesy Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

Learn More For more information about the Florida Department of Transportation's protected species and habitat programs, visit www.fdot.gov/environment/ protected-species-and-habitat Graphic Courtesy Adobe

Panther crossing road sign in the Florida Everglades.

January / February 2025

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concerns regarding the technology’s costs and safety. Read more

Marathon Oil to Lay Off Workers Following Merger

TEXAS Large Scale Carbon Capture Facility Nears Completion Houston-based Occidental Petroleum is nearing completion of its innovative “Stratos” facility in West Texas, which aims to capture and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere starting next spring. Stratos will be the company’s first large-scale facility to directly remove carbon dioxide from the air, with a target of capturing 500,000 metric tons annually. Occidental plans to establish multiple similar facilities in the future, leveraging its experience in carbon management to secure permits for the long-term underground storage of captured carbon. The project benefits from a federal tax credit of $180 per metric ton of CO2 captured and has garnered support from companies like Microsoft, which has agreed to purchase carbon removal credits from Stratos. Read more

Oldest Houston Area Refinery to Shut Down LyondellBasell is set to close its Houston refinery and exit the refining industry by the end of the first quarter of 2025. Established in 1918, this refinery is the oldest on the Houston Ship Channel and produces transportation fuels like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. The closure represents a significant shift in Houston’s energy landscape and threatens the jobs of approximately 1,000 employees at the site. CEO Peter Vanacker stated that the company is considering several potential uses for the site after closure, including recycling plastic waste into feedstocks, retrofitting it for renewable and bio-based production, or converting the refinery into a hydrogen facility. The shutdown process will begin in January 2025 with total costs associated with exiting the refinery business estimated to be between $610 million and $980 million. Read more

University Offers Land for Nuclear Reactors Texas A&M University is taking steps to offer land at its Rellis Campus in Bryan for the construction of advanced nuclear reactors, potentially becoming the only higher education institution in the country with a commercial nuclear reactor site license if approved by federal regulators. The university’s Board of Regents moved to notify the Nuclear Regulatory Commission of its intent to seek an early site permit for reactors on the 2,300-acre campus, aiming to host around five small modular reactors ranging from 10 to 200 megawatts by the early to mid-2030s. The Biden administration has allocated $900 million to support small modular reactors, but the future of nuclear funding remains uncertain with the return of former President Donald Trump, who has raised

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Marathon Oil plans to lay off over 500 employees as part of its $22.5 billion merger with ConocoPhillips, according to a letter sent to the Texas Workforce Commission.

The specific number of affected positions and job types were not disclosed, but the layoffs are expected to occur within a year after the merger finalizes in the fourth quarter of 2024. Employees at Marathon’s headquarters in CityCentre, Houston, will be informed of their employment end dates within a month of the merger’s completion, although many will be retained for transition roles, with more than half of these roles expected to last beyond six months. ConocoPhillips had previously indicated that the merger would yield annual savings of $500 million, primarily through reductions in general and administrative costs. While ConocoPhillips’ CEO suggested that these savings would not lead to workforce reductions, Marathon employees did not receive similar assurances. ConocoPhillips has around 2,100 employees in Houston, while Marathon had 774 employees in the area as of 2022. Read more

LOUISIANA

Facebook’s Meta to Build $10 Billion Artificial Intelligence Data Center in NE Louisiana Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram, has announced a major economic development project in northeast Louisiana, planning to build a $10 billion AI Data Center in Richland Parish.

The facility will be located on a 2,250-acre site between Rayville and Delhi, about 30 miles east of Monroe. The project is expected to create over 1,500 jobs, including 500 direct positions and more than 1,000 indirect jobs, with around 5,000 construction workers needed at peak times. Construction is set to begin in December and continue through 2030, with Meta also committing more than $200 million for local infrastructure improvements. Meta’s data center will process large amounts of data for AI technologies, benefiting from Louisiana’s new incentive programs aimed at attracting such projects. The Louisiana Community and Technical College System is also involved, providing funding to develop programs that will prepare the workforce for construction and data center operation roles. Entergy Louisiana has committed to support the data center with clean, renewable energy and to contribute to low-income assistance programs. Read more

Grain Terminal Lease Opposed by Residents Residents of New Orleans’ Lower 9th Ward and Holy Cross neighborhoods are opposing a $30 million grain terminal being developed by Canada-based Sunrise Foods International at the Alabo Street Wharf, citing concerns over pollution and noise. The terminal will handle weekly shipments of organic grains, and the trains will pass through the neighborhood twice daily, five days a week. Despite assurances from Sunrise Foods and Port of New Orleans officials that the project will revital-

ize commerce, locals worry about grain dust, rodent attraction, and diminishing property values. Many residents claim they were unaware of the project until after its approval, leading to heated discussions at community meetings. This terminal will be unique as the only one in a U.S. urban residential area, raising further community apprehensions about its impact on local quality of life. Read more

Shell Chemical Fined for Air Quality Violations Shell Chemical has agreed to pay more than $133,000 to settle air quality violations linked to its Norco operation, which reportedly released hundreds of thousands of pounds of pollutants over two years.

This settlement marks the second agreement this year with the state Department of Environmental Quality, following a total of $836,225 in fines for various pollution incidents at the Norco plant. Recent flaring incidents were deemed preventable and resulted from equipment breakdowns at the East Site oil refinery and chemical complex. Shell produces chemicals like ethylene and propylene at this site, as well as gasoline. Read more

Mississippi River Reintroduction into Maurepas Swamp Project Begins Louisiana’s levee system’s control of the Mississippi River to prevent flooding has led to the decline of the Maurepas Swamp, a vital 176-square-mile forested wetland near New Orleans. In response, state and federal authorities have begun a $330 million conservation project to divert water from the Mississippi back into the swamp, with the aim of revitalizing approximately 45,000 acres of this ecosystem. The River Reintroduction into Maurepas Swamp project will enable up to 2,000 cubic feet per second of river water to flow into the swamp, helping to restore its health by providing essential nutrients and sediment that mitigate land subsidence. The project, which is expected to show results by 2028, has garnered broad support from local communities and officials, differentiating it from more controversial state projects.

Funding comes primarily from the Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council, utilizing settlement funds from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Read more

Largest Ammonia Production Facility Planned for South Louisiana A proposed $7.5 billion ammonia production facility in Ascension Parish aims to position Louisiana as a leader in clean energy. This facility, described as the largest ammonia production facility, is backed

by Clean Hydrogen Works (CHW) and has completed key financial milestones, including budget finalization and financing in 2023. The project will enhance global ammonia production capacity by 150 percent over 25 years. Partnerships include ExxonMobil for carbon capture and storage, Hafnia for global distribution, and MOL for transportation logistics. A final investment decision is expected in 2025, with operations slated to begin in 2029. The facility will produce ammonia for various applications, particularly in decarbonizing energy systems, targeting markets in Japan, Korea, Europe, and marine transport. Read more

January / February 2025

MISSISSIPPI PCC GulfChem Announces New Manufacturing Operations PCC GulfChem Corporation has announced plans to establish manufacturing operations in DeLisle, with a corporate investment of at least $540 million, creating approximately 85 direct jobs. The project will also generate hundreds of contractor and construction jobs during its initial phases. PCC GulfChem, a subsidiary of Germany’s PCC SE, will co-locate its operations with The Chemours Company to produce chlorine and various downstream products at the Chemours DeLisle Plant.

The Mississippi Development Authority is providing support through the Mississippi Flexible Tax Incentive (MFLEX) program, with additional assistance from Harrison County. Read more

Danish Company ROCKWOOL to Invest in New Production Line in its Mississippi Plant The ROCKWOOL Board of Directors has approved an investment exceeding $100 million to establish a new production line for industrial insulation products at its facility in Marshall, Mississippi. This initiative aims to meet the increasing demand for insulation solutions in the Gulf of Mexico region’s process industry. The new production line will utilize ROCKWOOL’s proprietary technologies, WR-Tech™ for water repellency and CRTech™ for corrosion resistance, to produce advanced insulation products designed for harsh industrial environments. The new production line is expected to be operational by 2027. Read more

ALABAMA

Gulf Coast Corridor Improvement Project Will Connect Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana Groundbreaking for the revival of passenger rail service between Mobile and New Orleans took place in October, with service expected to start in spring 2025.

This restoration of Amtrak’s Gulf Coast Corridor will reconnect communities such as Pascagoula, Biloxi, and Gulfport, which have not had rail service since Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The Gulf Coast Corridor Improvement Project has received substantial federal support, with U.S. Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg calling it a significant milestone for the region. Funding has come from various federal grants, including over $2 million for planning and upgrades, $5.45 million for operational costs, and $33 million for infrastructure improvements, complemented by matching funds from Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. Read more

Florida Specifier

Florida: A Critical Calving Ground for the North Atlantic Right Whale

By KELLY RICHMOND The North Atlantic right whale, one of the most critically endangered whale species in the world, finds sanctuary in the waters off Florida each winter. From November to April, expectant mothers migrate to this region to give birth, making Florida’s coastline a vital calving ground for the survival of this species. With approximately 370 individuals remaining, every new calf born here offers a glimmer of hope in the fight against extinction.

The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) plays a crucial role in monitoring and protecting these majestic marine mammals. Researchers from FWC track whale sightings, study their behavior, and work to mitigate the numerous threats these animals face. But despite these efforts, the challenges to their survival are significant.

Threats to the North Atlantic Right Whale The species faces two primary dangers: entanglement in fishing gear and vessel strikes. Fishing lines can wrap around a whale’s body, cutting into its flesh and leading to infections or death. Meanwhile, vessel collisions can severely injure or kill whales, especially calves, which are smaller and less able to avoid fast-moving boats.

Cumulative impacts, including underwater noise pollution from ships, disrupt their communication and navigation, further complicating their journey to survival.

Photo Courtesy Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

Right whale Catalog #3780 sighted with a newborn calf approximately 25 nautical miles off the Florida/Georgia border.

How You Can Help?

Protecting the North Atlantic right whale is a shared responsibility, and the public can play a significant role in their conservation.

Be Whale Aware Boaters should remain vigilant in areas where right whales are known to be present. Use the Whale Alert app to see if whales have been sighted in your area.

Slow down to give yourself time to react and adhere to the 500-yard federal rule that prohibits approaching these whales.

Inlets can sometimes be a confluence of vessel traffic and whales, so please take extra effort to stay alert.

Report Sightings If you spot a right whale, report it immediately to 1-877-WHALE-HELP (1-877-9425343). Quick action can help researchers monitor the population and prevent potential hazards.

Practice Sustainable Fishing Ensure you are using whale-safe fishing gear and following local regulations to reduce the risk of entanglements. Properly dispose of fishing lines and gear to prevent them from entering the ocean.

Spread the Word Educate your friends and family about the importance of Florida’s waters as a right whale calving ground. Sharing information on social media or participating in community events can amplify awareness about this critical conservation issue.

A Call for Compassion and Action

Florida Specifier

Photo Courtesy Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

Right whale Catalog #3546 ‘Halo’ is 19 years old and this is her third calf.

The North Atlantic right whale is more than an emblem of marine biodiversity; it’s a living testament to the interconnectedness of all life. By taking steps to protect these gentle giants, Floridians have the chance to preserve an irreplaceable part of our natural heritage. Together, we can ensure that these waters remain a safe haven for future generations of right whales.● Kelly Richmond is Public Information Coordinator for FWC’s Fish and Wildlife Research Institute

Learn More For more information on how you can help, visit FWC’s website, for right whale calving season updates follow @FWCResearch on Facebook and Instagram.

SUSTAINABLE COASTAL EROSION PROTECTION Geobrugg TECCO® Cell The solution to mitigate erosion on dynamic shorelines

Your local Geobrugg specialist: www.geobrugg.com/contacts

January / February 2025

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protection, consulting, geology, business, recreation, transportation, and law.

Each Board member is appointed by the governor and serves for a four-year term without pay. ●

St. Johns Riverkeeper Releases 2024 SAVe Our Rivers Grasses Report St. Johns Riverkeeper recently released the SAVe Our Rivers Grasses 2024 Expedition Report, covering the second year of observation of the presence and condition of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in the St. Johns River. The report details the Riverkeeper’s findings in 2024.

The Riverkeeper launched the SAVe Our River’s Grasses Expedition: a five-year effort seeking answers and solutions to the disappearing submerged aquatic vegetation of the St. Johns River in May 2023. The organization completed three field visits in 2024, surveying an 80-mile stretch of the river from Doctors Lake to Lake George searching for remaining grass beds, taking measurements, conducting water quality testing, and seeking solutions to restore vital habitat.

Researchers also met with riverfront residents, fishermen, scientists, and community leaders to augment the data collected with the observations of those who have lived on, explored, fished, or studied the river for decades.

The program identifies SAV as the foundation of the river’s health noting SAV provides biofiltration, habitat & food for both commercial & recreational aquatic species, erosion protection, oxygenation of the water column, carbon sequestration & storage, and more. The Riverkeeper’s effort acknowledges the mounting threats and stress on SAV resulting in the near demise of the river’s submerged grasses.

The Riverkeeper will continue to return to the field throughout the SAV growing season (March – October) each year for the planned total of five years to identify solutions to reverse this devastating loss of SAV. ●

Historic Pump House – North Shore (SJRWMD photo)

New 10-year Land Management Plan for the Lake Apopka North Shore on the Way The St. Johns River Water Management District is wrapping up public involvement for the draft 10-year Land Management Plan for the Lake Apopka North Shore. The Plan provides the goals and strategies for the implementation of land management activities within the North Shore through 2034.

The nine appointed members of the Governing Board collaborate with District staff and engage the public monthly to develop policies guiding water conservation, flood protection and the preservation of Florida’s springs across the District’s 18-county region. The board members embody expertise in agriculture, environmental

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The plan update will be used by local governments, water users, and utilities for planning and to update local work plans and ordinances. Local governments must amend their Comprehensive Plan to update the Water Supply Facilities Work Plan within eighteen months of the approval of the plan. Work Plans will be due in June 2026. Utilities will need to identify projects to be developed and submit Utility annual progress reports. ● The update is available at FINAL DRAFT 2024 Lower Kissimmee Basin Water Supply Plan Update

District staff consulted with a variety of stakeholders prior to and throughout the development of the plan. A sixteen-member Management Advisory Group (MAG) was convened in February 2024 to initiate the plan update. The objective of the MAG meeting was to collect suggestions regarding management goals, strategies, opportunities, and constraints to include in the Plan.

The District is lead manager of the North Shore. The Plan updates the Governing Board-approved January 2013 land management plan. The Lake Apopka North Shore lands will continue to be actively managed as marsh systems for the restoration of the water resources of Lake Apopka. The focus of the District’s ongoing efforts are to manage phosphorus (P), water availability, flood protection, and residual organochlorine pesticide (OCP) exposure.

North Shore marshes provide habitat for fish and wildlife including numerous species of migratory and resident birds.

The uplands will be managed to improve important habitat that supports a suite of Florida endemics and numerous listed species, including several rare plants.

Recreational opportunities will continue to be developed with the goal of providing public access that is compatible with resource management and restoration objectives. ●

District Governing Board ReElects Current Officers Emphasizing consistent leadership, the St. Johns River Water Management District’s Governing Board re-elected former Sen. Rob Bradley of Fleming Island to serve as its chair. The Board also elected Maryam Ghyabi-White of Ormond Beach to serve as vice chair; Cole Oliver of Merritt Island as treasurer; and J. Chris Peterson of Winter Park as secretary.

The District developed the 2024 update to estimate projected water demands and assess potential water supply sources from 2022 to 2045. The planning area supports a large agricultural industry which is a substantial part of the regional economy.

Meetings and workshops were held with water users, local and tribal governments, and utilities as well as agricultural industry and environmental representatives to solicit input, provide information about planning results, and receive comments on draft sections of the plan update.

UF/IFAS Develop Method for detecting DNA of Invasive Snakes in Florida UF/IFAS announced scientists at the University of Florida have developed a DNAbased environmental monitoring test that can pinpoint where an invasive snake has been. This new tool will help advance Florida’s defenses against invasive species.

“We hope this novel eDNA sampling tool we have designed will help increase

valued expert ise

The South Florida Water Management District has completed the 2024 Lower Kissimmee Basin Water Supply Plan.

The Plan was presented to the governing board in December. The 1,805 square mile Lower Kissimmee Basin Water Supply Planning Area includes portions of Glades, Okeechobee, and Highlands counties and the Seminole Tribe of Florida’s Brighton Reservation.

The new test is known as a tetraplex digital PCR assay, and it can identify four invasive snake species simultaneously. This method of testing allows researchers to use water or soil samples for rapid and precise identification of Burmese pythons, northern African pythons, boa constrictors and rainbow boas from environmental DNA (eDNA) collected in the wild. eDNA refers to genetic material shed by organisms into their surroundings.

The method is published in the journal of Ecology and Evolution. UF’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences identifies this as a significant advancement in detecting invasive snakes and a strategic tool for protecting Florida’s ecosystems.

The UF/IFAS blog states more than fifty nonnative reptile species are now established across the state, many posing severe threats to agriculture, native ecosystems, public safety, and the state’s economy. The test was designed to operate seamlessly in Florida’s varied and challenging environments, from dense Everglades habitats to urban areas where non-native constrictors are now found. ●

Central and Southern Florida Flood Resiliency Study Underway

t rus t ed solut ions

2024 Lower Kissimmee Basin Water Supply Plan Update Completed

efficiency in invasive species management, allowing for early detection and rapid removal of nonnative species,” Melissa Miller, lead author of the study notes.

The South Florida Water Management District, in partnership with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - Jacksonville District, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and Broward County, is advancing the Central and Southern Florida Flood Resiliency Study in Broward Basins, pursuant to Section 203 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986.

The study is being undertaken to develop, evaluate and recommend flood risk management measures and adaptation strategies that provide flood resiliency now and in the future in vulnerable areas served by the Central and South Florida system.

The team is seeking ways to improve resiliency by enhancing the system’s water control structures and improving their CONTINUED ON PAGE 11

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January / February 2025

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FROM NOTES ON PAGE 10 functionality and capacity to reduce flood damage. They hope to improve conditions within Broward County over a 50-year period of analysis from 2035-2085. A feasibility level analysis will be conducted, culminating in a Final Study Report and Environmental Impact Statement. The study will facilitate initial engineering design for water control structures adaptation. ●

Construction Phase of the Everglades Restoration Strategies Project Completed The South Florida Water Management District, the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida, Seminole Tribe of Florida, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, and local, state, and federal officials, celebrated the completion of construction on the C-139 Flow Equalization Basin Project. This concludes the construction phase of the Everglades Restoration Strategies Project.

The 2012 Restoration Strategies included 13 projects, more than 6,000 acres of constructed wetlands and over 115,000 acre-feet of water storage. The storage areas capture runoff during storm events and provide a steadier flow of water to the stormwater treatment areas (STAs), helping to maintain the plants and improve the treatment performance of the STAs. The C-139 Flow Equalization Basin Project is an 11,000 acre-foot shallow

reservoir, which stores local basin runoff from the C-139 Basin and controls the flow of water to the adjacent Stormwater Treatment Area (STA) 5/6. This project helps to improve the performance of STA 5/6, removing nutrients from stormwater and improving the quality of water before it flows south to the Everglades.

“This is a massive achievement! Today, I was honored to join many of my colleagues to celebrate the completion of construction for the Everglades Restoration Strategies Project,” said Chauncey Goss, Chairman of the South Florida Water Management District Governing Board. “This is an impressive feat of engineering and construction, and I appreciate all of the time, energy and dedication that went into making this day a reality.” ●

City of Port St. Lucie Utility Systems Achieves APWA Accreditation The Port St. Lucie Utility Systems Department has received full accreditation from the American Public Works Association (APWA). The accreditation formally verifies theww agency is in full compliance with the recommended management practices set forth in APWA’s Public Works Management Practices Manual.

The City’s Utility Systems Department received 99% compliance with all applicable practices. The city notes there are 23,000 municipalities in North America

and of those, only 170 have received APWA accreditation. Port St. Lucie is one of 21 accredited organizations in Florida to receive accreditation by APWA and one of only five cities or counties in the state that have more than one department accredited by APWA. “Accreditation from the APWA aligns with the Utility Systems Department’s mission to lead the water and wastewater utility industry as we focus on environmental stewardship, the use of innovative operating and maintenance processes to provide safe drinking water and advanced wastewater treatment services, while planning for the needs of the community’s future,” said Utility Systems Director Kevin Matjaszek. “Recognition must be given to the Department’s 332 dedicated employees for their ongoing efforts to provide exceptional customer support and service to each of our more than 95,000 customers as we strive to ensure the health and safety of the community, the Heart of the Treasure Coast.” ●

Pensacola and Perdido Bays Estuary Program Earns National Designation On Dec. 9, the U.S. House of Representatives passed the Pensacola and Perdido Bays Estuary of National Significance Act, directing the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to formally enroll the Pensacola and Perdido Bays Estuary Program (PPBEP) into the National Estuary Program and designate Pensacola and Perdido Bays as “Estuaries of National Significance.”

The National Estuary Program was established by Congress in 1987 to support non-regulatory, science-based, and locally driven programs to address resource management challenges throughout the

nation’s coasts. The PPBEP will be the first new National Estuary Program added to the existing twenty-eight programs in over 30 years.

“This is an overdue recognition of the economic and environmental importance of Pensacola and Perdido Bays to Northwest Florida and our nation,” said Dr. Wes Brooks, Florida’s Chief Resilience Officer.

“The National Estuary Program designation will supplement current local and state investments that are already generating regional water quality improvements and enhancing the resilience of surrounding local communities.”

The designation ensures a commitment to improving water quality and enhancing community resilience in Northwest Florida and southern Alabama through strategic partnerships and investments. From its inception in 2018, the PPBEP and its partners have secured over $30 million to implement priority restoration, resilience, and conservation projects in the Pensacola and Perdido Bay watersheds.

Local and national partners that have worked for years to secure National Estuary Program designation, recognizing that working at the watershed-scale through partnerships is a far more effective and efficient approach to improving water quality, restoring habitat, and supporting community resilience. This action ensures funding and policy decisions made today support the long-term sustainability of the region’s natural resources and economy.

"This is an exciting step for our city and our region,” said Pensacola Mayor D.C. Reeves. “I have believed in the importance of the Pensacola and Perdido Bays Estuary Program getting this national recognition and I'm thankful for the support from our federal delegation to make it possible." ●

DEP Gets a Change of Leadership Changes in December

By STAFF REPORTS

success, and it has been a privilege to lead and work alongside you.”

In November, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection’s leadership experienced a shake-up, with Secretary Shawn Hamilton resigning and Gov. Ron DeSantis appointing Alexis A. Lambert to the post.

Since the announcement, Hamilton has taken a position with Dewberry, a professional services firm that has practice areas in water and energy and which has its largest office footprint in Florida. Lambert started in the role in early December. The move was announced on LinkedIn by the company. He will focus on business development efforts in the Tampa-Sarasota area.

Lambert most recently served as Chief of Staff at the Division of Bond Finance, where she has supported the Governor’s debt reduction strategy, resulting in the state reducing more than a quarter of its outstanding debt accumulated since statehood, according to a Governor’s Office news release. The proceeds of bonds finance many of the state’s environmental priorities, including conservation and land acquisitions, pollution control facilities, and water management projects, according to her official DEP biography page.

While DEP boasts more than 4,000 employees, Lambert previously was Chief of Staff at the Florida Department of Health, which employs approximately 15,000 staff.

There, she helped direct day-to-day operations and strategic planning.

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Hamilton had been with the Department since 2007, rising through the agency’s northwest office to the headquarters in 2020 before being named Secretary in 2021. He served as ombudsman and public affairs manager in DEP’s Northwest District Office at the beginning of his career and was promoted to assistant district director in 2010. He was appointed director in 2011. In that office, he was responsible for regulatory matters within the district’s 16-county jurisdiction.

Secretary Alexis Lambert

Former Secretary Shawn Hamilton

The Governor’s Office praised Hamilton for his leadership.

“Serving as Secretary for the past three and a half years has truly been one of the greatest honors of my career,” he said. “Together, we have made significant strides in protecting our natural resources and promoting sustainable practices across our beautiful state. From securing record funding for water quality and Everglades restoration projects to acquiring conservation lands at a historic pace and implementing meaningful policy reforms to improve our regulatory framework, we have elevated Florida’s standing as an environmental leader at the state, national and even international levels. I am proud of what we have accomplished and will carry these memories and experiences with me as I move on to new endeavors. I want to express my heartfelt gratitude to each and every one of you for your hard work, commitment and dedication. You are the driving force behind this agency’s

“As DEP secretary, Shawn Hamilton led efforts to implement the governor’s priorities of restoring the Florida Everglades, improving water quality statewide, strengthening our beaches and waterways, and expanding our state wildlife corridor,” said Jeremy Redfern, DeSantis’ Press Secretary, in a statement. “We appreciate his more than 30 years of dedication to the state of Florida and the country, and we wish him all the best in his retirement from public service. Florida is better for Shawn’s service.”

In an email to staff on his last day, Hamilton praised the work the agency did to protect Florida’s natural resources.

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In 2020, Hamilton was promoted to interim deputy secretary of Land and Recreation, moving into leadership at DEP’s headquarters in Tallahassee. He was formally appointed as deputy secretary in 2021. In that role, he oversaw operations of the state’s award-winning Florida State Parks system as well as the state’s Florida Forever land buying program and other programs.

DeSantis named him Secretary in August 2021, after he held the role as interim beginning that summer. He has since been subsequently confirmed by the Florida Senate as Secretary.

As Secretary, Hamilton has overseen billions in funding to work on Everglades restoration, springs protection, land buying, parks operations, water quality and quantity projects, environmental research programs, and other priorities as the head of the state’s environmental protection agency. ●

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What is the Future of Environmental Regulation in Florida and Nationwide?

By RALPH A DEMEO AND STEPHEN L. SPECTOR The 2024 Presidential election has once again shifted the balance of power in Washington. It Is likely there will be a sea change in environmental policy during President-elect Donald Trump’s second administration, just as there was during his first administration, when he undid most of the Obama administration’s environmental policies.

This time, the Trump administration’s environmental policies are expected to be even more far-reaching. The last three presidential administrations illustrate how environmental policies can dramatically change depending on who occupies the oval office.

During the first Trump administration, more than 100 EPA regulations were either reversed, revoked or revised, most of which were enacted during the Obama administration. A majority of the Obama regulations were aimed at reducing carbon emissions and shifting from reliance on fossil fuels to renewable energy. Grants were awarded to shift towards solar energy, electric vehicles, and other “renewables.”

Other affected regulations included reduced enforcement of the Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act, and the Endangered Species Act, just to name a few. Upon his election, President Biden quickly moved to reverse Trump deregulation and reinstated Obama’s environmental policies. President-Elect Trump has said he will undo Biden’s environmental policies, which he deems counter to business, industry, and the economy.

In particular, it is expected that he will act aggressively to reduce EPA’s authority, increase domestic fossil fuel production, and largely dismantle Biden’s climate agenda.

It remains to be seen what the implications of these changes will be for business, industry, the economy, and ultimately the environment.

Two policies in particular will be interesting for environmental advocates, consultants, lawyers, and policymakers to follow.

Climate Change The Paris Accord is the ambitious international treaty on climate change. As stated by United Nations Climate Change: “The Paris Agreement is a legally bind- Ralph A. Demeo ing international treaty on climate change. It was adopted by 196 Parties at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris, France, on 12 December 2015. It entered into force on 4 November 2016. Its overarching goal is to hold ‘the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels’ and pursue efforts ‘to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.’” See: https://unfccc.int/ process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement

His top priority is to unleash the oil and gas industry from what he considers onerous regulations that stifle U.S. production of fossil fuels and adversely Stephen L. Spector impact the economy. The impact, if any, this decision will have on the climate and on the most affected industry and business groups, particularly “stack” industries such as electric generation, chemical manufacturing, and oil and gas production, refining, distribution, and use, remains to be seen.

Environmental Contaminants and Water Quality

The Biden administration made water Recognizing that accelerated action is quality one of its top priorities, in particrequired to limit global warming to 1.5°C, ular the addressing the rapidly growing the Paris Accord requests parties to revisit problems with PFAS contamination in and strengthen the 2030 targets in their drinking water, a substance known to nationally determined contributions to cause cancer and other serious illness. align with the Paris Agreement temperaIn fact, the only chemical identified in ture goal by the candidate Biden‘s end of 2023, taking platform to into account receive increased different national regulatory atten"(Trump's) top priority is circumstances. In tion was PFAS. to unleash the oil and gas 2016, the US, the industry from what he EU, and nearly 200 Upon taking countries adopted considers onerous regulations office, President that stifle U.S. production the treaty, which Biden instructof fossil fuels and adversely many believe ed the EPA to furthered the goal impact the economy." fast track PFAS of substantially rulemaking. In reducing global 2024 EPA issued a greenhouse gas emissions. final rule listing PFOS and PFOA (constituents of PFAS) as “hazardous substances” However, President Trump withdrew under CERCLA and establishing healthfrom the treaty officially on Nov. 4, 2020. based standards for drinking water. In Demonstrating the back-and-forth nature Florida, the federal standards are expected of these issues, on President Biden’s first to be adopted for drinking water and day in office, he officially brought the groundwater sometime in 2025. Trump country back into the treaty. In turn, Presi- sources indicate that there is a “good dent-Elect Trump has vowed to once again chance” that the new administration will withdraw from the treaty as one of his first direct the EPA to roll back is designation acts when he takes office in January. of PFOS and PFOA as hazardous substances and possibly revoke the standards.

This in turn could result in a similar change in Florida regulations.

In addition, earlier this month the Biden administration announced a ban of the known human carcinogens TCE and PCE. These chemicals have been widely used for decades as solvents in the manufacturing, dry-cleaning, and other industries, and the economic impact of this ban could be devastating. Legal and public challenges remain.

In view of the recent departure from “Chevron deference,” previously but no longer given to agencies in federal and state courts, the EPA and the states will have a heavy burden to defend PFOS, PFOA, TCE, PCE, and other regulatory decisions against legal challenges. It stands to reason that the new Trump administration likely will take action to reverse some or all of these and other bans, which are deemed too costly and overly restrictive from a public health and environmental point of view.

While spending cuts require congressional approval, and reversing an EPA regulation requires a process that can sometimes take years to complete, the President possesses broad authority over the federal agencies to shape policy through the creation, revision, and rollback of agency regulations, as well as to manage agency operations.

As the Chinese proverb says, “may you live in interesting times.” We certainly do live in interesting times in the world of environmental law and regulation. ● Ralph A. DeMeo is a Shareholder and Stephen L. Spector is a Senior Associate for Guilday Law Firm in Tallahassee

Appointments to Key Agencies Secretary of the Interior: Doug Burgum Secretary of Agriculture: Brooke Rollins Transportation Secretary: Sean Duffy Secretary of Energy: Chris Wright EPA Administrator: Lee Zeldin

Northwest Florida Water Management District Announces Springs, Alternative Water Project Funding

By STAFF REPORTS The Northwest Florida Water Management District has opened the cycle for anticipated grant funding for springs restoration and alternative water supply projects for Fiscal Year 2025-2026.

The District conducts this funding program annually in cooperation with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection to assist local government and utilities. In the case of springs protection, agricultural producers are also eligible.

Projects recommended for award by the District will be subject to approval of state and District FY 2025-2026 budgets and approval by the District’s Governing Board and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Projects eligible for springs restoration funding are capital projects that protect the quality and quantity of water that flows to and from springs as well as land-acquisition projects that protect springs.

Projects eligible for alternative water supply funding are those that help communities plan for and implement water conservation, water reuse, and other alternative water supply and water resource development projects.

For more information on the District’s grant funding opportunities for springs restoration and alternative water supply projects, including applications, funding guidelines, and guidance, please visit https://nwfwater.com/water-resources/ funding-programs/. ● Photo Courtsey Northwest Florida Water Management District

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January / February 2025

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PERSPECTIVES A Legacy Worth Protecting — Continuity in Funding for the Panhandle’s Water Future WHILE CONTINUITY IS GREAT FOR QUALITY OF LIFE, THE SAME ISN’T TRUE FOR TECHNOLOGY OR INFRASTRUCTURE.

impairments, swim advisories, declines in oyster and seagrass habitat, flooding, and development of agricultural and rural lands for decades.

By MATT POSNER AND COLTEN WRIGHT

But unlike key water bodies in other areas of the state, vital water projects in Northwest Florida lack a recurring funding source to promote improvements and continuity into the future.

It is no secret that Northwest Florida’s days as an undiscovered paradise are long gone.

From Pensacola to Destin to Panama City and beyond, the region is experiencing tremendous growth. Since 2020, Santa Rosa County alone has experienced a nearly 11% increase in population.

It’s not hard to understand why people are choosing to call Florida and more specifically Northwest Florida, home.

Kids growing up here today enjoy much of the same quality of life their parents and grandparents grew up with – access to fishing, swimming, and hunting from the headwaters to the Gulf.

While continuity is great for quality of life, the same isn’t true for technology or infrastructure. Today, the region continues to address legacy issues from its past while chronic water quality issues persist — namely, outdated, undersized, or non-existent stormwater and wastewater infrastructure.

Much like the rest of the state, Northwest Florida has dealt with water quality

To be clear, Gov. Ron DeSantis and the Legislature have made record investments in environmental programs throughout the state, including within Northwest Florida – and thanks to these efforts, the region is on the road to realizing longsought water quality improvements.

To build upon these successes and reinforce their progress for generations to come, Northwest Florida needs a dedicated, recurring funding source to address the hundreds of millions of dollars in backlogged infrastructure and restoration projects while preparing for the influx of new residents.

This funding model has proved successful in other regions of the state, including the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), the Everglades and Biscayne Bay. Especially as Northwest Florida contends with new growth, a dedicated funding source is paramount to ensure the region does not face challenges similar to

those experienced by South Florida and the IRL during their phases of significant expansion.

Specifically, dedicated funding will benefit the Pensacola and Perdido Bays Estuary Program (PPBEP), Choctawhatchee Bay Estuary Program and St. Andrew and St. Joseph Bays Estuary Program, which were established in the wake of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill to improve water quality, restore habitat, improve fisheries, and enhance community resilience across Northwest Florida.

Each Estuary Program comprises local, state, and federal governments, academic organizations, numerous NGOs, and the private sector. These groups work together to develop and implement Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plans (CCMPs), 5- to 10-year restoration blueprints.

In the case of PPBEP, over $30 million has been secured since its establishment in 2018. Notable priorities include establishing a goal to restore 1,500 acres of oyster habitat in the Pensacola Bay System by 2034 – the largest oyster restoration program on the Gulf Coast. The Estuary Program also works with Escambia and Santa Rosa counties and multiple utilities to implement a microbial source tracking program to identify and prioritize future wastewater and stormwater improvements. Santa Rosa County will execute

a $20 million septic-to-sewer program beginning in 2025.

All of these individual actions result in a collective impact of water quality improvements to ensure the quality of life and economic engine of the region is sustained for the next generation. However, a partnership with the state that includes predictable and consistent support is vital to measurable progress and long-term success.

Northwest Florida is at an inflection point, and near-term funding and policy decisions will determine whether our natural resources and habitats will be sustained into the future. With just a fraction of the investment received by the IRL or other comparable projects, the delisting of impaired waterbodies in Northwest Florida will finally be on the horizon.

Through local and state partnerships and strategic investments made now, Northwest Florida can continue to grow while sustaining its extraordinary quality of life. ● Colten Wright is a Santa Rosa County Commissioner; Matt Posner is the Executive Director of PPBEP. This column was first published on Floridapolitics.com

Five Recycling Champions Announced at Florida Recycles Day at University of South Florida

By KEYNA CORY The Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection held Florida Recycles Day on November 15 at the University of South Florida – Patel College for Global Sustainability. As part of the program, the 2024 Recycling Champions were announced.

Circular Solution Advisers to divert waste from landfills and create a circular economy for materials through working with at the University of South Florida, University of Central Florida, University of Miami, Zoo Tampa, Tampa Bay Rays and the Jacksonville Jaguars.

Desert Wireless Recycling, Inc – Through educational campaigns, community initiatives, and partnerships, Desert Wireless has recycled, repurposed and reused over 500 tons, which equates to roughly 4.5 million pieces of waste to help in keeping our landfills and waterways cleared of dangerous chemicals and hazardous waste since 2006.

The Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation Recycling Champions Awards recognize companies, organizations, governmental entities, and individuals that have made a significant impact in recycling. The organization also recognizes and celebrates new innovative programs in water reuse, energy efficiency, sustainability, and environmental stewardship. Here is a list of the award recipients:

Goodwill Suncoast and Hillsborough County Solid Waste Management – Select Hillsborough County Community Collection Centers (CCCs) provide a new opportunity through reuse by accepting items for donation via Goodwill Suncoast, saving resources and alleviating disposal capacity. Through this new program, residents can drop off their waste and donations at one convenient location.

Collier County’s Preserve Our Paradise: Reduce, Reuse & Recycle – This campaign focuses on protecting the natural beauty of Collier County through sustainable waste management practices.

University of South Florida Stavros Center Sustainability Superheroes Program – This project provides K-12 educators the necessary tools to empower and teach students to use entrepreneurial thinking to find solutions to real-world current sustainability issues.

Coca-Cola Beverages Florida Closed Loop Recycling Value Assessment – Coke Florida implemented a Recycling Value Assessment in collaboration with

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From left to right – Madison Avery, Erin Black & John Mitchell – Coca-Cola Beverages Florida, Kari Hodgson – Collier County, Christine Danger – USF Stavros Center, Danny Gallagher – Hillsborough County and Ken Karbowski – Goodwill Suncoast

during a webinar scheduled for Thursday, January 9, 2025. This free webinar is sponsored by the Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation. ● Keyna Cory is the Executive Director for the Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation

The 2024 Recycling Champions will present their award-winning programs

January / February 2025

The Florida Recycling Partnership Foundation is a coalition of top Florida businesses and association with the mission to educate policymakers, business leaders and the public about the benefits of recycling. FRPF is dedicated to promoting recycling and sustainability throughout the state of Florida. Through partnerships, education, and community initiatives, we strive to create a cleaner, healthier environment for all.

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closures and other necessary structures for the propagation and continued managed care of the Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow for reintroduction and wild population augmentation.

SFWMD GOVERNING BOARD APPROVES TWO NEW PROJECTS TO EXPEDITE PROGRESS TO SEND MORE CLEAN WATER SOUTH Sending more clean water south remains a top priority for the South Florida Water Management District (District). On Dec. 12, the District’s Governing Board unanimously approved two projects to expedite progress to send more clean water south.

The District will take over construction of a critical feature of the Central Everglades Planning Project (CEPP) South at the request of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. This feature is known as the S-355 West structure, and it paves the way for the Blue Shanty Flow way, which will help restore the balance of water flows between the Central Everglades, Everglades National Park and Florida Bay. The District will be able to begin construction of this project in 2025 and have the project completed earlier than currently planned.

In addition, to mitigate for Everglades restoration delays associated with management of the critically endangered Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow, the District is supporting an interagency effort to implement a conservation breeding program to help with the recovery of this species, while we continue to expedite Everglades restoration.

The pilot project by the Fish and Wildlife Foundation of Florida entails building en-

“Governor DeSantis charged us with the task of expediting Everglades restoration projects, and this is another key step forward,” said Chauncey Goss, Chairman of the South Florida Water Management District Governing Board. “Thanks to the Governor’s strong leadership, a suite of Everglades restoration projects are underway in South Florida to allow more water to be directed south to the Central Everglades into Everglades National Park and Florida Bay. We are expediting these projects and continue to take actions that will restore the natural flow of water south.” ● SFWMD CELEBRATES THE COMPLETION OF A NEW NORTHERN EVERGLADES WATER QUALITY PROJECT IN OSCEOLA COUNTY On Dec. 16, the South Florida Water Management District joined the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Garcia Land Management, LLC, and many other local, state and federal partners to celebrate the completion of a new dispersed water management project in Osceola County.

The El Maximo Ranch Northern Everglades Water Quality Project is a regional water quality improvement effort intended to reduce nutrients flowing into Lake Okeechobee. The project diverts water from the Kissimmee River and Blanket Bay Slough for treatment on approximately 7,000 acres of privately owned land and is expected to remove over two metric tons of total phosphorus and seven metric tons of total nitrogen per year. The project consists of four pump stations, 19

water control structures and more than 27 miles of berms.

“This project is a big win for the Northern Everglades, Lake Okeechobee and the entire ecosystem of Central and Southern Florida,” said Charlette Roman, South Florida Water Management District Governing Board Member. “Under the leadership of Governor Ron DeSantis, the South Florida Water Management District continues to prioritize public-private partnerships as part of our effort to do more now for Florida’s environment. We continue to use every tool in our toolbox to expedite progress. Thank you, Garcia Land Management, LLC, for providing important water storage and treatment north of Lake Okeechobee to help protect our water resources and the environment.” ● NORTH FLORIDA LAND TRUST RECEIVES DONATION OF NEARLY 400 ACRES ON AMELIA ISLAND North Florida Land Trust (NFLT) scored a big win for conservation on Amelia Island, thanks to a generous donation from the Thornton Family. The family donated approximately 396 acres to the nonprofit land conservation organization to ensure it would remain in its natural state forever.

The property is adjacent to Ft. Clinch State Park and runs about two miles between the state park and Egan’s Creek. It is within the Ft. Clinch Optimum Boundary, and protecting the land protects the state park.

It is also in NFLT’s Salt Marsh and Coastal Resilience Priority Preservation Area.

“This is a huge deal for Amelia Island, and we are so grateful to the Thornton family for contacting us and donating this beautiful piece of property,” said Allison DeFoor, president and CEO of NFLT. “By saving this land, we are saving an essential piece of Amelia Island. When you visit Fort Clinch or just drive down Atlantic Ave. and see the green and open space, you will

know the beautiful landscape next door will remain that way forever. The marshes will never be filled in, and bulldozers will never be seen here. It is a great day for conservation.”

The property was named Thornton’s Family Preserve for the family, who ensured this place was preserved by donating it to NFLT. It is a mix of salt marsh, mixed scrub-shrub wetlands, and maritime hammock habitats. While assessing the property, NFLT staff have seen many native species, including white-tail deer, American alligators, bottlenose dolphins, roseate spoonbills, wood storks, snowy egrets, great blue herons, great egrets, anhingas and fiddler crabs. ● FWC SUSPENDS HARVEST OF SUWANNEE BASS IN THE WAKULLA RIVER TO AID CONSERVATION EFFORTS The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) will temporarily prohibit possession and harvest of Suwannee bass for no less than 24 months in the Wakulla River and its tributaries, effective immediately. This restriction includes the river's headwaters at Wakulla Springs and extends to its convergence with the St. Marks River, near the town of St. Marks.

Recent surveys by FWC biologists suggest that Suwannee bass are no longer pre sent in the Wakulla River. The Wakulla River, once known for having the highest catch rates of Suwannee bass within the species' range, has seen a significant decline in their population.

The harvest restriction is intended to protect any remaining Suwannee bass and provide time for the FWC to gather additional data. The data collected during this period will help guide future conservation strategies for this species. ●

PFAS Year End Update: A Comprehensive Review for Florida Environmental Professionals

By STAFF REPORTS Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) continue to dominate environmental discussions due to their persistence in the environment and potential health risks. This article summarizes recent developments at the federal and state levels, as well as notable litigation outcomes.

Federal Regulatory Updates EPA Reporting Extension The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has extended the deadline for mandatory PFAS reporting under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA).

Initially set to begin on November 12, 2024, the reporting period will now start on July 11, 2025. This extension provides manufacturers and importers of PFAS and PFAS-containing products with additional time to collect and report data on production volumes, uses, and associated hazards.

The EPA cited increased agency responsibilities and technical challenges as reasons for the delay. Source: EPA TSCA Updates States’ Petition for PFAS as Hazardous Air Pollutants In a notable move, North Carolina, New Jersey, and New Mexico jointly petitioned the EPA to classify key PFAS compounds, including PFOA and PFOS, as hazardous air pollutants under the Clean Air Act. If approved, this would represent a

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significant step in federal PFAS regulation, enabling tighter controls on PFAS emissions. Source: EPA Clean Air Act Petition Details State Regulatory Actions California The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) proposed a notification level for PFHxA in drinking water at 1 part per billion. This threshold aims to inform water consumers when PFHxA concentrations exceed levels deemed safe for daily consumption over a lifetime. Source: OEHHA Proposal Massachusetts Massachusetts enacted legislation requiring manufacturers to disclose PFAS content in firefighting personal protective equipment. This law enhances transparency and aims to reduce PFAS exposure among firefighters. Source: Massachusetts Legislative Updates New Hampshire New Hampshire’s recent legislative measures include banning the sale of products with added PFAS starting in 2027.

Additionally, sellers of real property must disclose PFAS contamination to buyers, fostering greater awareness of potential environmental liabilities. Source: New Hampshire PFAS Laws

Litigation Highlights Compostable Products Misrepresentation Case A California federal court allowed a lawsuit to proceed against companies marketing PFAS-containing tableware as “compostable.” Plaintiffs argue that such claims are deceptive, given PFAS’ inability to degrade under composting conditions.

The court’s decision highlights growing legal scrutiny of PFAS-related advertising practices. Source: Case Details Wisconsin PFAS Hazardous Listing Challenge The Wisconsin Supreme Court will review a ruling that invalidated the state’s listing of PFAS as hazardous substances. This decision could have far-reaching implications for PFAS cleanup and enforcement policies. Source: Wisconsin Court Filings False Advertising Case Against Sports Drink Maker In a case involving Prime Hydration sports drinks, a California court dismissed most claims alleging false advertising due to PFAS contamination but allowed a breach of implied warranty claim to proceed. This decision underscores the challenges of litigating PFAS-related consumer protection cases. Source: Case Overview EPA Lawsuit on PFAS in Biosolids Farmers from Texas and Maine filed a law-

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suit against the EPA, claiming the agency failed to regulate PFAS in biosolids under the Clean Water Act. The EPA moved to dismiss the case, arguing that current law grants the agency discretion in such matters. Source: EPA Legal Proceedings Florida PFAS Overview Florida House Bill 1475 (https://www. flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2022/1475/Analyses/h1475z1.EAF.PDF), enacted in 2022, required the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) to adopt statewide standards for PFAS cleanup only if the EPA does not establish federal standards. Following the EPA’s promulgation of federal drinking water standards earlier this year, the FDEP has taken a “wait and see” approach. FDEP is monitoring the legal challenges (https://www.babstcalland. com/news-article/judicial-challenges-tou-s-epas-pfas-regulations-are-epas-regulations-too-much-too-little-or-just-right/) to the EPA standards and potential policy changes under the new federal administration before taking action.

Conclusion These developments underscore the growing complexity of PFAS regulation and litigation. Environmental professionals in Florida and beyond must stay informed to navigate the evolving legal and regulatory landscape effectively. ●

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Water: An Important Resource to Protect Every Day

By STAFF REPORTS Water. It’s easy to take for granted. Most of the time, access to water is as simple as turning on the faucet. Water is not just for us, but for life as we know it. But when was the last time you thought about where your water comes from? Or thought about the possibility of not having water?

In Florida, we’re fortunate to be a water-rich state, especially in North Florida, where we’re surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and hundreds of lakes, rivers, and springs that provide an abundance of this vital resource. Additionally, Florida is one of the rainiest states in the US, with an average rainfall of approximately 54 inches annually.

So, why should we worry about water?

Florida is seeing unprecedented growth – recent estimates show approximately 1,000 people moving into our state daily, all of whom will need water. The Floridan Aquifer supplies more than 90 percent of drinking water to residents of North Florida. Estimates show that approximately 271 million gallons of groundwater are used daily in the Suwannee River Water Management District (District) region, which includes nine counties and portions of another six in North Florida. This water is used for drinking, bathing, watering lawns, growing crops, providing water for industrial needs and much more.

The same aquifer that meets those demands also supplies water to our rivers and springs. As the state continues to grow, and more residents move into this area, the District must plan for the region to have enough freshwater resources to meet growing demands, not just for today, but as far as 20 years in the future as well, while protecting and sustaining natural resources.

The most effective way of addressing this challenge is through water supply planning.

Every five years, the District is required to update its water supply assessment to evaluate whether existing and anticipated water sources are capable of meeting future demands while continuing to sustain its local water resources and natural systems.

If those demands cannot be met, a regional water supply plan must be developed.

There’s a lot that goes into a water supply plan. The plan must include management strategies, water conservation potential, and alternative water supply projects that can be implemented to meet future needs.

This process doesn’t happen in a vacuum – it’s an open and public process and includes local governments, public

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supply utilities, self-suppliers, and other stakeholders.

The District has two planning regions. The eastern portion of the District is covered by the North Florida Regional Water Supply Plan, a joint effort with the St. Johns River Water Management District, which was adopted in 2023. The two agencies are now starting the process of analyzing data and estimating growth to update the plan in 2028. The Western Planning Region covers the remaining counties in the District, Dixie, Lafayette, Madison, Taylor, and parts of Jefferson and Levy counties.

The first ever Western Water Supply Plan was approved in 2024.

This planning is beneficial to residents and our natural resources because it provides an outline for future water management decisions. It also helps the state decide how water demands can be met, and what new initiatives need to be developed to avoid any shortfalls.

Water is life, and we want to ensure there is plenty to go around. ●

Learn More For more information about water supply planning and the efforts that go into it, please visit www.MySuwanneeRiver.com.

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