Equine Herpes Prepared and written by: Dr. SariaAlmarzook
Equine
herpes virus (EHV) is a virus of the family Herpesviridae that causes abortion, respiratory disease and occasionally neonatal mortality in horses. Fortunately, this virus is specific to species, which means that EHVdoes not infect humans and vice versa. Thanks to the efforts of many scientists, the full sequence of DNA was determined in the early 1980s and the estimated size of the genome was 150 Kbp and contains 76 genes according to a study published by researcher Elizabeth Telford in 1992. There are five known subtypes in horses, but Equine Herpes Virus-1 (EHV-1) and EHV-4 are the two severest forms of the virus. EHV-3 is another type of major herpes virus, although it is normally associated with coital exanthema, a venereal disease that can be transmitted to horses. In general, herpes is an infectious horse disease and affects the biological systems in the bodies of horses in different degrees and in many forms, as it tend to be severe outbreaks can cause abortion and neurological and respiratory diseases. The spread of the virus is usually linked to stables or horse shows that are received large numbers of horses from different places. In this article we will discuss the most common forms of herpes in the world of horse breeding, which is EHV-1 virus. The virus is one of the greatest concerns for horse breeders in the world (according to the American magazine: The Horse). In one of the articles, Dr. Paul Lone focuses on the definition of the pandemic virus and calls horse breeders and equine experts to open eyes and catch the basic concepts associated with EHV-1, which we will discuss here with some illustrations.
The equine herpes diagnosis is no longer a death sentence
Herpes is a common virus in horses! one horse to another. Therefore, we must first prevent the spread of infection by finding strategies to isolate horses in safe and clean places and give utmost importance to the care of barn supplies. The herpes virus can be transmitted through air for only a few meters, but not for large distances, unlike equine influenza, which can travel for several hundred yards through the air. Second: The incubation period and symptoms Symptoms vary with horses as time progresses. Symptoms start on the first day with a fever (101.5 degrees Fahrenheit or more). With time, nasal gonorrhea may appear, but when the infection causes neurological injury, the symptoms usually do not appear before seven or at least eight days, and sometimes after 14 days. The duration of incubation of the herpes virus depends on the subtype of the virus, which affects the horse in various forms as mentioned above, and in general the breeder notes the symptoms as follows:
First: Understanding the mechanism of infection and transmission Understanding how the disease is transmitted between horses is the key to understanding how to slow down or stop an outbreak. The most common method of spreading the EHV-1 virus is contact between horses through inhalation of respiratory secretions, as well as sexual contact. The sources of infection vary, as can be the care equipment in barns, feeding vessels, hygiene basins and gates. If strict quarantine is not followed, it can be carried on a person (breeder, for instance) from Life cycle ofEHV-1. Copyright: Almarzook, Saria, 2018 22
This Issue (1-2019) sponsored by Shamplion Stud
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