२०७१ मंसिर १७ गते बुधवार

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b] pv'/ L, !^ d+l;/ . /fKtLdf rf/ j6f gu/kflnsf ylkPsf 5g\ . bfª lhNnfdf b'O{, ?s'ddf Ps / /f] Nkfdf Ps u/L /fKtLsf tLg lhNnfdf rf/j6f gu/kflnsf ylkPsf x'g\ . d+unjf/ dlGqkl/ifb:t/Lo ljsf; ;ldltsf] a} 7sn] ^! gu/kflnsf yk ug{] lg0f{o u/] sf] xf] . of] ;“u} bfª lhNnfdf gu/kflnsf] ;+Vof rf/ k'u] sf] 5. ;/sf/n] d+unjf/ r} nfxL / ;f] gk'/ uflj;nfO{ ufe] / ndxL gu/kflnsf, l9sk'/ , gf/fo0fk'/ / xfk'/ uflj; ufe] / lqk'/ gu/kflnsf 3f] if0ff u/] kl5 lhNnfdf gu/kflnsfsf] ;+Vof rf/ k'u] sf] xf] . /fKtL c~rnsf] ?s'ddf Ps / /f] Nkfdf Ps u/L b'O{ gu/kflnsf klxnf] k6s 3f] if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . /f] Nkf lhNnfdf lnjfª gu/kflnsf / ?s'ddf d';Lsf] 6 gu/kflnsf 3f] if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . ?s'dsf] vn+uf uflj; / ;f“v uflj; ufe] / vn+uf gu/kflnsf agfOPsf] 5 . ;Nofg / Ko'7fgdf o; cl3 g} gu/kflnsf 3f] if0ff eO;s] sf 5g\ . g] kfndf gu/kflnsfsf] ;+Vof ! ;o (! k'u] sf] 5 . d+unaf/ a;] sf] dlGqkl/ifbsf] ljsf; ;ldltsf] a} 7sn] k:tfljt ^& dWo]

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bfª lhNnfdf ca #$ uflj; / rf/ gu/kflnsf x'g] 5g\ . gu/kflnsfdWo] lhNnfsf b'O{ gu/kflnsf k/] sf 5g\ . ndxL If] qnfO{ gu/kflnsf agfpg bz jif{cl3 b] lv kxn yflnPsf] eP klg ;fy{s x'g ;s] sf] lyPg . o; jif{ :yfgLo:t/af6 gu/kflnsf agfpg bf} 8w'k u/] kl5 ;/sf/n] 5'6] sf gu/kflnsfsf] ;"rLdf ndxLnfO{ /fv] sf] lyof] . ;f] gk'/ / r} nfxL uflj; ufe] / ndxL gu/kflnsf agfPkl5 :yfgLo:t/df v'lzofnL 5fPsf] 5 . r} nfxL uflj;df /x] sf gf} j6f j8fnfO{ gu/kflnsfleq ^ j8f / ;f] gk'/ uflj;sf gf} j6f j8fnfO{ kf“rj6f j8f u/L !! j8f sfod ul/Psf] 5 . gu/kflnsfsf] s] Gb ndxLnfO{ dflgPsf] 5 .

xfn r} nfxL uflj;sf] sfof{no /x] sf] :yfgdf gu/kflnsf sfof{no /xg] 5 . ndxL gu/kflnsfsf] b'u{d j8fsf] ?kdf ;f] gk'/ uflj;sf] kxf8L ufp / r} nfxL uflj;sf] j8f g+= # leq kg{] 3f] 8] jf; ufp“ kg{] 5g\ . kxf8L ufp“ / 3f] 8] af;afx] s cGo j8f tyf ufp“ df] 6/af6f] n] hf] l8Psf 5g\ . gu/kflnsfsf] aLr efujf6 k"j{– klZrd /fhdfu{ 5 eg] blIf0ftkm{ bfdf] b/ ;8sn] hf] l8Psf] 5 . ndxLnfO{ gu/kflnsf 3f] if0ff ul/Psf] ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 yfxf kfP klg slxn] af6 / s;/L sfd cl3 a9fpg] eGg] ljifodf hfgsf/L cfOg;s] sf] r} nfxL uflj;sf clws[t rGbsfGt kf} 8] nn] atfpg'eof] . ;ldltsf] a} 7sn] ^! j6f gu/kflnsf;“u} ;ftj6f pkdxfgu/kflnsf lj:tf/ u/] sf] 5 . x] 6f} +8f, hgsk'/ , O6x/L, a'6jn, e/tk'/ , g] kfnu~h / w/fg u/L ;ft gu/kflnsfnfO{ pkdxfgu/kflnsf agfOPsf] 5 . o;} aLr gof“ 3f] if0ff ePsf] lqk'/ gu/kflnsfsf afl;Gbfx?n] cfh a'wjf/ v'lzofnLdf 3/–3/df bLk kHHjng ug] { ePsf 5g\ . gf/fo0fk'/ gu/ ljsf; ;ldltn] lj1lKt hf/L u/L v'zLofnLdf bLkkHHjng ug{ cfux ub}{ gu/ kflnsf 3f]if0ff ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ;a}df wGojfb 1fkg u/]sf] 5 .

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ePsf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no bfªsf afnL ljsf; clws[t ;Ltf/fd rf} w/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . l;/fxfaf6 s/La Ps xhf/ 5 ;o cgf/sf la?jf NofP/ s[ifsx?n] clxn] lhNnfd} klxnf] kN6 cgf/ v] tL ug{ yfn] sf] rf} w/Lsf] egfO 5 . …lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no bfªsf] kfljlws ;xof] udf / :yfgLo s[ifssf] ;xof] udf cgf/ v] tL z'? u/] sf 5f} +Ú– rf} w/Ln] eGg'eof] . cDafsf s/La Ps ;oeGbf a9L

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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Dec. 3, 2014)

ls;fgn] cgf/ v] tL ug{ yfn] sf] rf} w/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . …klZrd If] qdf cgf/ v] tLsf] ;Defjgf /fdf] b] lvG5 . To;} n] ubf{ klg oxf“sf ls;fgnfO{ kmfObf k'U5Ú–rf} w/Ln] eGg'eof] – …lhNNff s[lif ljsf; sfof{no bfªn] cgf/ v] tL;DaGwL ljleGg tflnd, k/fdz{ kbfg u/] kl5 clxn] ls;fgx?n] v] tL z'? ug'{ePsf] 5Ú– rf} w/Ln] eGg'eof] . ls;fgn] clxn] sfgwf/L, ld/b'nf, ;'Gwf/L hftsf cgf/ v] tL

ug{ yfn] sf] atfpg'eof] . …cgf/ v] tL ;d'b ;tx * ;o ld6/ prfOb] lv ! xhf/ % ;o ld6/ prfO;Dd ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ o;sf] ljz] if x] / rfxdf Wofg k'¥ofpg' k5{Ú– rf} w/Ln] eGg'eof] . cgf/ /f] k] sf] b'O{ jif{df kmn tof/ x'g] eGb} Pp6f af] 6n] s/Lj Ps ;o b] lv b'O{ ;o;Dd kmn lbg] afuafgL clws[t rf} w/Ln] atfpg'eof] ] . la?jf x's{] kl5 pkrf/ af“sL * k] hdf:

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ePsf] 5} g, bfªh: tf] ko{6sLo If] qdf o: tf] x'g' la8Djgf xf] .Ú lhNnfdf wfld{s, ;f+: s[lts tyf P] ltxfl;s If] qx? kz: t} ePsfn] nufgLsf ;Defjgf eg] / fdf] ePsf] kf08] osf] egfO 5 . bfª lhNnf pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf k"j{cWoIf rGb/ fh kGt ;/ sf/ n] cfwf/ e"t k"jf{wf/ nufgL gu/ ] sfn] lghL If] qn] ko{6gd"ns If] qdf nufgL ug{ g;s] sf] atfpg'eof] . …ko{6gdf lghL nufgL leœofpg ;a} eGbf klxn] / fHon] ;8s nufotsf cfwf/ e"t k"jf{wf/ df nufgL ug'{k5{Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …ko{6sLo If] qx?df cGo k"jf{wf/ agfpg ;s] sf] v08df lghL If] qn] nufgL ug{ ;S5 .Ú clxn] ;Dd klg nufgLsf] ck] Iffs[t jftfjf/ 0f tof/ gePsf] kGtsf] egfO 5 .

To;f] t 3/ ] n' tyf ;fgf pBf] u sfof{no bfªsf cg';f/ kl5Nnf] kf“r jif{df bfªdf Ps xhf/ kf“r ;o *& j6f 3/ ] n' tyf ;fgf pBf] u btf{ ePsf 5g\ . tL pBf] udf s'n (% s/ f] 8 &$ nfv ?k} of“ nufgL k: tfj ul/ Psf] kf08] on] hfgsf/ L lbg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“sf cg';f/ o; cjlwdf ;a} eGbf a9L ;] jfd"ns pBf] u btf{ ePsf 5g\ eg] ;a} eGbf sd lgdf{0f pBf] u btf{ ePsf 5g\ . o; cjlwdf cf7 ;o !! j6f ;] jf / @! j6f lgdf{0f pBf] u btf{ ePsf 5g\ . kf“r jif{cl3sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(÷)&) df 3/ ] n' tyf ;fgf pBf] udf nufgL k: tfj ;d] t b'O{ u'0ff eGbf a9L ePsf] 5 . cfj @)^%÷)^^ df lhNnfdf s'n !# s/ f] 8 &( nfv nufgL k: tfj ul/ Psf] lyof] . cfj @)^(÷)&) df #) s/ f] 8 %^ nfv ?k} of“ nufgL k: tfj ul/ Psf] kf08] on] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] .

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(Dec. 3, 2014)

www.nayayougbodh.com

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q odnfn e';fn a'6jn, !^ d+l;/ . dflg;;“u wg eP/ klg dg gx'“bf ;dfhdf /fdf sfd x'g ;ls/x] sf 5} gg\ t/ u'NdL lhNnf yfgfktL uflj;–# emdfbLsf Ps blnt kl/jf/n] cfkm\gf] ufp“df cfkm\g} nufgLdf ljBfno vf] n] / ;dfhnfO{ s] xL ug'{ kbf] {/ x] 5 eGg] ;Gb] z lbg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . ufp“df ljBfno gePsfn] cfkm"n] k9\g gkfPsf] / g] kfndf /f] huf/L kfpg g;s] sfn] /f] huf/Lsf nflu hfkfg k'u] sf emdfbLsf blnt ;d'bfosf d] 3 axfb'/ j;] n / lghsf efO dbg a;] nn] cfkm\gf a'af k] d / cfdf lji0'f b] jLsf] l:d[ltdf ufp“sf afnaflnsfn] cfkm"n] h:tf] ;d:of ef] Ug gk/f] ;\ egL &! nfv %! xhf/ ! ;o !! ?k} of“sf] nfutdf ufp“df ljBfno :yfkgf u/] / gd"gf sfo{ u/] sf 5g\ . pQm ljBfnosf] gfdfs/0f klg k] d lji0f'b] jL kfylds ljBfnosf] ?kdf gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] 5 eg] ljBfnosf] :f+: yfkssf ?kdf d] 3axfb'/ / dbg a;] nnfO{ /flvPsf] 5 . emdfbL–# df & sf] 7fsf] kSsL ejg agfP/ sIff ! ;Ddsf] cWofkg z'? ePsf] pQm ljBfnodf clxn] ^# hgf ljBfyL{n] cWoog ul//x] sf 5g\ eGf] tLghgf lzIfsn] cWofkg u/fO/x] sf 5g\ . lzIff sfof{non] sIff ! ;Ddsf] cWofkgsf] :jLs[t lbPsf] 5 eg] x/] s jif{ Pp6f sIffsf] yk cg'dlt lbg] hgfPsf] 5 . ljBfnodf k9fpg] lzIfssf] tna

cfufdL z} lIfs ;qjf6 lzIfssf] b/aGbL ldnfOlbg lgb} {zg;d] t ug'{eof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf ;+: yfksx?nfO{ bf] ;Nnf cf] 9fP/ ;Ddfgkqn] ;dfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f] xL ;df/f] xdf ;+: yfks a;] n kl/jf/n] !) nfv ?k} of“sf] cIfo sf] if;d] t 3f] if0ff u/L lhNnf lzIff sfof{noaf6 lzIfs b/aGbL gx'“bf;Dd ;f] xL cIfo sf] ifsf] Jofhaf6 ;~rfng ug{ ;d] t pb\3f6g ;df/f] xdf 3f] if0ff ug'{eof] . To:t} ptm ljBfno lgdf{0fsf nflu :yfgLo v'daxfb'/ a;] n / wgaxfb'/ a;] nn] ;d] t cfly{s tyf g} lts ;xof] u ug'{ePsf] 5 .

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3f] / fxL, !^ d+l;/ . a9\bf] a] / f] huf/L / cfkm\g} 3/df Joj;fo ug{ lxlRsrfp‘bf bfªaf6 b} lgs bh{gf} + o'jfx? ljb] z knfog eO/x] sf 5g\ . b} lgs lhNnf kzf;g sfof{nodf /fxbfgL agfpg cfpg] o'jfx?sf] eL8 yfdL g;Sg'sf] x'G5 . cfhef] ln b} lgs $) b] lv %) hgf;Dd o'jf ljb] z hfgsf nflu /fxbfgL agfpg kzf;g sfof{nodf k'Ug] ub{5g\ . b't / ;fwf/0f ;] jfaf6 /fxbfgL kflKtsf nflu b} lgs %) sf] xf/fxf/Ldf o'jfx? kmf/fd eg{ cfpg] u/] sf] lhNnf kzf;g sfof{nosf gfoa ;'Aaf s[i0fs'df/ zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . oL lga] bgx?dWo] sltnfO{ l56\6} cfjZostf x'g] x'gfn] b't lgj] bgsf] gfddf sf7df8f} +af6 g} ;] jf lng] u/] sf] / ;fwf/0f lgj] bgsf nflu eg] bfªaf6

e"ldsf] ef]uflwsf/ ul/vfg] ju{df lgxLt x'g'k5{ M dGqL k/fh'nL sf7df8f} +, !^ d+l;/ . ljZj vfB ;+u7gn] /fli6«o vfB ;'/ Iffsf] ;Gbe{df e"ld, dT:o If] q tyf jg h+unsf] ef] urng;DaGwL pQ/bfoL zf;gsf] :j] lR5s lgb] {lzsf d+unjf/ ;fj{hlgs u/] sf] 5 . e"ld cg';Gwfg tyf gLlt ;+jfbsf nflu ;xsfo{ -sf] nfk{_ / e"ld;'wf/ dGqfnosf] ;xsfo{df ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] ;f] lgb] {lzsf nfu' ug{ g] kfn ;/sf/nfO{ afWosf/L agfOPsf] 5} g . lgb] {lzsf ;fj{hlgs ub} { s[lif ljsf; dGqL xl/k;fb k/fh'nLn] g] kfnsf] ufdL0f cy{tGq s[lifdf cfwfl/t ePsfn] e"ldsf] ef] uflwsf/ ul/vfg] ju{df lgxLt ug'{kg] { wf/0ff /fVg'eof] . /fHokIf / u} / /fHo kIfaLrsf 6f7faf7fn] cfkm"cg's"n lgod, sfg"g agfO{ e"lddf

Psflwsf/ kx'“r :yflkt u/fpg] kyfla?4 lgb] {lzsfn] cfjfh p7fPsf] 5 . vfB ;'/ Iffdf ;dfg clwsf/ :yflkt ug{ :j] lR5s lgb] {lzsf pknlAwd"ns x'g] vfB s[lif ;+u7g -PkmPcf] _ sf kltlglw ;f] d;fs lkkf] lgofn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . sfo{qmddf /fli6«o of] hgf cfof] usf ;b:o 8f= k] d b+ufnn] lbuf] s[lif ljsf;sf nflu e"ldsf] ;dfg ljt/0f x'gkg] { atfpg'eof] . d+unjf/b] lv tLg lbg;Dd cfof] hgf x'g] pQm sfo{qmddf s[lif ljsf;, e"ld;'wf/ / jg dGqfno tyf ljleGg u} / ;/sf/L ;+: yfsf s/La *) hgfsf] ;xeflutf 5 .

JolQm, ;d'bfo / cGon] e"ld, dT:oIf] q tyf jg h+undf s;/L ;dfg kx“'r kfKt ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] p2] Zon] tLg lbg;Dd 5nkmn s] lGbt x'g] cfof] hsn] atfPsf 5g\ .

elnjnsf] pkflw o'gfO6]8nfO{ o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf t'n;Lk'/ , !^ d+l;/ . t'n;Lk'/ df ePsf] v'nf elnjn kltof] lutfsf] pkflw cfof] hs l6d o'gfO6] 6 o'y Snjn] lht] sf] 5 . kmfOgn v] ndf cfof] hs l6d o'gfO6] 6 Snj ;] No"6 uf] vf{ 6«] lgª ;] G6/ 3f] / fxLnfO x/fp“b} kyd ePsf] xf] . o'gfO6] 6 o'y Snj t'n;Lk'/ n] jflif{sf] T;jsf] cj;/df cfof] hgf u/] sf] v'nf elnjn kltof] lutfsf] kyd o'gfO6] 6n] $) xhf/ /flz;lxt pkflw xft kf/sf] xf] .

To;} u/L kltof] lutfdf bf] ;f] :yfg ;] No"6 uf] / vf 6] «lgª ;] G6/ / t] ;f] :yfg b;'jnLd Snj >Lgu/ ePsf] 5 . kydn] $) xhf/, bf] ;f] n] !% xhf/ / t] ;f] :yfg xfl;n ug] { Snjn] !) xhf/ /flzsf] k'/ :sf/ xft kf/] sf] ]

cfof] hs Snjsf dl~ht k'gn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . rf/lbg ePsf] kltof] lutfdf bfªnufot /fKtL c~rnsf cf7j6f l6dsf] ;xeflutf lyof] . To;} u/L kltof] lutfdf j] i6 Kn] o/sf] pkflw o'gfO6] 6 Snjsf v] nf8L g/] Gb v8\sfn] kfPsf 5g\ . pgnfO{ ;ljg df] afOn] ;] G6/n] Pp6f ;fd;'ª df] afOn kbfg u/] sf] 5 .

Snjsf cWoIf 6Lsf/fd k'gsf] cWoIftf, /fKtL c~rn kx/L kd'v /d] zs'df/ kf08] osf] k'd'v cfltYotf Pj+ If] qLo elnjn ;+3sf cWoIf b] j] Gbl;+x j} / fuL / pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf ljdn l/hfnsf] ljlzi6 cfltYotfdf kltof] lutf ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . kltof] lutfsf nflu kfof] hg ;"o{ljgfos sfi7 pBf] usf afns[i0f >] i7n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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/f] Nkf, !^ d+l;/ . pQ/L /f] Nkfsf] Ps ljBfnodf kfgL gx'“bf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;d:of x'g] u/] sf] 5 . s'/ ] nL uflj; j8f g+= ^ l:yt ;'sLbx kfljdf kfgL gx'“bf afnaflnsfx? zf} rsf nflu h+un hfg] u/] sf 5g\ . ljBfnodf lkpgsf nflu ;d] t kfgL gx'“bf pgLx? ljBfnosf] rkL{ eP klg v'nf If] qdf lb;flk;fa ug] { u/] sf 5g\ . sIff # ;Ddsf afnaflnsfx? ljBfno ;dodf lkpg] kfgLsf nflu @) ldg] 6sf] af6f]

lx“8] / kfgL vfg] u/] sf] :yfgLo cleefjs sfn] /f] sf du/n] atfpg'eof] . pQm @) ldg] 6sf] af6f] klg cK7\of/f] ePsf] eGb} ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o b] aaxfb'/ 8f“uLn] ;fgf ljBfyL{x? o;/L kfgL vfgsf nflu em08} cfwf 306fsf] af6f] df lx“8\bf n8\g] vt/f /x] sf] atfpg'x'G5 . @)^# ;fndf :yflkt pQm ljBfnodf ! b] lv # ;DDf $^ hgf afnaflnsfn] cWoog ub} { cfO/x] sf 5g\ . /f] Nkf lhNnfsf] !$ cf} + :yfgdf v'nf lb;fd'Qm ePsf] s'/ ] nL uflj;sf] af“sL ^ k] hdf:

;d] t lbOPsf] 5 . ljifout pk;ldltx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] sfo{of] hgf k:t't u/] sf lyP . a} 7sdf snfsf/ rGbk;fb rf} w/L /xg'ePsf] ;+f:s[lts pk;ldlt / g] kfn oftfoft Aoj;foL /fli6«o dxf;+3sf pkdxf;lrj ;'/ ] z xdfn /xg'ePsf] oftfoft pk;ldltsf ljifodf ;d] t 5nkmn ePsf] d"n cfof] hs ;ldltsf ;b:o ;lrj ;'zLn a:g] tn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . a} 7sdf ;ldltsf ;b:ox?

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g]kfndf ;fs{ /fi6«sf] lzv/ ;Dd]ng ePs} a] nf e" tyf kof{j/0f ;+/If0f cleofg g]kfnn] sf7df8f} + d} cfof]hgf u/] sf] …hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf r'gf}tLx? / blIf0f Plzofdf kof{j/0f ;+/If0fsf] kZgÚ ljifos tLg lbj;Lo hg;fs{ ;Dd]ngn] ljZjJofkL?kdf eO/x]sf] hnjfo' kl/jt{g / To;n] ;+;f/el/ cem d"nt ;fs{ b]zx?df kfg]{ kefj, r'gf}tL / ;Defljt ;dfwfgaf/] uDeL/ ljrf/ ljdz{ u/] s f] 5 . g]kfnnufot blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'sx? / o' /f] k af6 ;d] t kltlglwTj ePsf] jftfj/0f;DaGwL pQm hgtfsf] ;fs{ ;Dd]ngdf aL; a9L sfo{kq k:t't ePsf lyP . pQm blIf0f PlzofnL ;Dd]ngsf] lgisif{ lyof]– ljZj hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] uDeL/ ;+s6 ef]Ub}5 . o;sf] kefj g]kfnnufot blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'sx?n] 8/nfUbf]?kdf ef]Ug' kg]{5 / hnjfo' kl/jt{gnufot jftfj/0fLo ;d:of ljz'4 kfs[lts ;d:of dfq xf] Og jt{ dfg ljZjsf] cy{ /fhgLlt;‘u kToIf?kdf hf]l8Psf] ;d:of xf] . hnjfo' kl/jt{g / jftfj/0fLo ;+ s6 xfdf] ljZj ks[ lt–hLjhGt' –dfgjaLr lqkIfLo cGt/;DaGwn] rln/x]sf] 5 . logLx?aLrsf] ;DaGwdf ha ;+s6 k5{ To;n] ;a}sf] nflu laklQ lgDTofp‘5 . clxn] ljZjn] ToxL ef]lu/x]sf] 5 . of] ;+s6nfO{ ;';DaGwdf ?kfGt/0f gu/] cfufdL lbg emg ;+s6u:t x'g] lglZrt 5 . sltko k|fs[lts kl/jt{g k|s[lts} sf/0f :jfefljs?kn] x'G5g\ . t/ ha ckfs[lts sf/0fn] kl/jt{g x'g yfN5 To;n] ;Dk"0f{?kdf cK7]/fx? kg{ yfN5g\ . h:tf] c lxn] d" n tM dflg;sf lqmofsnfksf sf/0f ljZj lbg kltlbg tftf] x'‘b}5 . jftfj/0f la/f]wL cf}Bf]lus ultljlwsf sf/0f ;"o{af6 k[YjLdf cfpg] vt/gfs j:t'nfO{ /f]Sg ks[ltn] g} agfPsf] cf]hg txdf Kjfn kg{ yfn]sf] 5 . cf}Bf]lus o'usf] z'?jftb]lv otf ljZjdf )=*) l8uL ;]lN;o; tfkqmd a9]sf] 5 . cf]hg txsf] lagfz / ljZjJofkL tfkqmd a[l4n] ;Dk"0f{ k[YjL / o;df /x]sf dfgjnufot ;a}sf] eljio dflyg} k|ZglrGx nufPsf] 5 . xfd|f] k[YjLb]lv dfly & b]lv !* lsnf]ld6/sf] b"/Ldf k[YjLnfO{ arfpg ks[ltn] g} cf]hf]g tx lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . oxL cf]hf]g txsf] lagfzn] ;"o{af6 lg:sg] cN6«f ef]On6 ls/0fx? ;f]em} k[YjLdf cfpg yfn] eg] To;af6 pTkGg ;+s6af6 xfdf] k[YjLnfO{ arfpg c;Dej 5 . d"ntM cf}Bf]lus d'n'sx?sf] u}/lhDd]jf/ ka[lQsf sf/0f x/]s jif{ a9\b} uPsf] tfkqmdn] s[lif, hnjfo' / ;du dfgj hLjgnfO{ si6k"0f{ agfPsf] 5 . cem o;sf] ;a} eGbf gsf/fTds k efj lxdfnonufot

hnjfo' kl/jt{gnufot ljZjJofkL r/d jftfj/0f ;+s6af6 aRg k|s[lt–dfgjaLrsf] cGt/;DaGwnfO{ k|s[ltd}qL agfpg clgjfo{ 5 . t/ o;sf] d'Vo afws clxn] ;+;f/el/ rn]sf] ljZjJofkLs/0f ePsf] 3f]/ gfkmf, n'6sf] cfwf/df rn]sf] cy{ /fhgLlt xf] . To;}n] xfdLn] xfd|f] k[YjLsf] /Iffsf nflu ks[ltd}qL cGt/;DaGw k'g:yf{lkt ug'{sf] ;fy} gfkmfsf nflu h] h:tf] klg ug]{ cy{–/fhgLlt / To;n] NofPsf] ;+:s[ltsf] kl/jt{g ckl/xfo{ 5 . sf7df8f}+df ;DkGg hg;fs{sf] lgisif{ klg oxL lyof] .

;'zLn uf}td ljZjel/sf lxd >[+vnfx?df kg{ yfn]sf] 5 . lrGtf / ;+s6sf] s] s'/f 5 eg] ljZjJofkL tfkqmd a[l4sf] kefj cGo If]qeGbf blIf0f PlzofnL lxdfndf a9L k/]sf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu g]kfnsf] t/fO{sf] e"–efudf klt jif{ )=)$ l8uL ;]lN;o;sf b/n] tfkmqmd al9/x]sf] 5 eg] xfd} lxdfno If]qdf tfkqmd a[l4 kltjif{ )=)( l8uL ;]lN;o;sf b/n] eO/x]sf] 5 . h;n]] ubf{ lxdfno If]qaf6 lxp‘ kUng] dfqf k|ltjif{ al9/x]sf] 5 . of] ;+s6sf] 7f]; ;dfwfg gx'g] xf] eg] xfdf] lxdfnosf ;a} lxp‘ klUnP/ xfn ;]tf kxf8x? sfnfkxf8df kl/jlt{t x'g]5g\ .

To;/L lxp‘ klUnPkl5 To;n] Nofpg] kfs[lts ljgfzsf] kl/sNkgf ;d]t ug{ ;lsb}g . cem To;sf] ;a} eGbf 8/nfUbf] kefj blIf0f Plzof / o;sf] glhssf d'n'sx? t k"/} ;dfKt x'g] vt/f 5 . ljZjJofkL tfkqmdsf sf/0f lxdfno If]qsf] lxp‘ klUnbf blIf0f PlzofnL ;xof]u ;+u7g -;fs{_ sf] Ps ;b:o /fi6« dfnlåE; 8'Ag] vt/fn] qfxLdfd eO;s]sf] 5 . h;sf] ;+s]t dfnlåE;sf /fi6«kltn] ;fs{ lzv/ ;Dd] n gsf] ;Daf] w gdf u/] s f 5g\ . ljZjJofkL tfkqmd a[l4sf] kefjn] ;d'bsf] hn:t/ a9\bf sltko ;;fgf 6fk' t lalng;d] t eO;s] s f 5g\ . d" n tM cf} B f] l us /fi6« s f sf/0f k[ Y jLsf] jftfj/0fdf k/]sf] 3f]/ gsf/fTds kefjsf] df/ eg] g] k fnh:tf cNkljsl;t d'n'sx?n] a9L ef]Ug'k/]sf] 5 . klZrdf /fi6«x?sf] jftfj/0f la/f]wL gLltn] pTkGg ;+s6sf] l:ylt wfg vfg] d';f] rf]6 kfpg] la/fnf] h:t} ePsf] 5 . xfd|f] eGbf c?sf uNtLsf sf/0f g]kfnsf] lxdfno klUnb}5 . lxdfno kUn]/ lxdtfndf cTolws kfgL hDdf eO/x]sf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu ;g\ !(%& lt/ 5f] / f] N kf lxdtfn )=@# lsnf]ld6/ lyof] eg] ;g\ @))@ df a9]/ !=&^ lsnf]ld6/ k'lu;s]sf] 5 . o;}u/L hDdf x‘'b} uof] eg] lxdtfnx? Pp6f ljGb'df k'u]/ km'6\g] lglZrt 5 . To;f] eof] eg] tNnf] t6Lo If]qdf af9Ln] csNkgLo dxfljgfz

Nofpg] 5 . jftfj/0f kl/jt{gn] g]kfnh:tf !! k|l tztn] a[l 4 u/] . k" ‘ hLjfbL d'n'sx?df uDeL/ vfB ;+s6, :jf:Yo ;d:of cy{Joj:yfsf] :jfefljs rl/q r/d :jfy{ Nofpg] nIf0fx? clxn] g} b] vfkg{ yfln;s]sf xf] . o:tf] cy{ Joj:yfdf jftfj/0f;DaGwL 5g\ . km]l/ o;af6 ;jf{lws kLl8t x'g] ul/j gLlt lgod kefjsf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjog ;Dej x'‘b}g . lsgeg] To;f] eof] eg] / sdhf]/ ;d'bfo g} x'g]5g\ . k‘"hLkltx?sf] lxtsf] /Iff x‘'b}g . cfkm\gf] cy{–/fhgLlt jftfj/0f ;d:ofsf b'O{ ?kx? 5g\ . n'6jfbL cy{–/fhgLlt rnfpg, gfkmfdfly ks[lt / dfgjsf] cGt/;DaGwdf cfPsf] gfkmf vfg o:tf] Joj:yfdf k"‘hLklt, kl/jt{g / ks[ltsf] cfkm\g} nLnf -e"sDk /fhgLlts g]tf / ei6 kzf;sx? aLr cflb_ Pp6f kIf 5 eg] jftfj/0f ;+s6sf] u7hf] 8 x'G5 . lsgeg] k"\ ‘hLjfbL ;fdflhs nflu Tof] eGbf hl6n kIf clxn]sf] ljZjsf] Joj:yf of] lagf l6Sg} ;Sb}g . km]l/ cy{ /fhgLlt xf] . clxn] ;+;f/e/ k"‘hLjfbL cd]l/sfs} s'/f u/f}+ . ljZjsf] ;jf{lws nf]eLkfkL cy{ /fhgLltsf] k|e'Tj 5 . h;n] ke'TjjfbL zlQm cd]l/sf dfqn] ljZjsf] gfkmf l;km{ gfkmf dfq x]b{5 . k"‘hLjfbsf] $( kltzt sfa{g df]gf]S;fO8 h:tf kefjn] ;Dk"0f{ ljZj Pp6f cdfgjLo / b"lift xl/t Uof‘;x? pT;h{g / ## kltzt qm'/ ahf/df ?kfGt/0f ePsf] 5 . dfgjLo ljiffn' 7f]; kmf]x/ kbfy{ pTkfbg ub{5 . d"No, dfGotf, Gofo, ks[lt ;a} ahf/df cy{ /fhgLlt / jftfj/0f ;+s6sf] oxL lnnfd eO/x]sf 5g\ . k"‘hLjfb ahf/df rl/qnfO{ b]v]/ sltkon] jftfj/0f cfwfl/t qm'/ Joj:yf xf] . cGo k"0f{ kl/jt{gnfO{ /f]Sg Joj:yf unt -gfkmf ;fdflhs–/fhgLlts Joj:yfn] dfgj dfqsf] dfqdf cwfl/t cy{ /fhgLlt_ ;f]if0f ub}{g ks[ltsf] plQs} zf]if0f u5{ . kl/jt{glagf c;Dej ePsf] eGg yfn]sf eGg] s'/f ;+;f/el/sf] k"‘hLjfbL cy{tGqn] 5g\ . lsgeg] clxn] ;+;f/el/ rn]sf] kdfl0ft ul/;s]sf] 5 . r/d pkef]Qmfjfb cy{–/fhgLltn] NofPsf] ljsf;sf] df]8]n o;sf] d"n rl/q xf] . h;/L klg hlt ;'s} kl/jt{g gx'‘bf;Dd kof{j/0f ;+s6sf] :yfoL klg gfkmf sdfpg] cy{ /fhgLlt / To;n] ;dfwfg k"/} c;Dej 5 . pTkGg u/]sf] 3f]/ pkef]QmfjfbL ;+:s[ltn] jftfj/0f kl/jt{g /f]s– Joj:yf k| s [ l tsf] dgk/L bf] x g ePsf] 5 . kl/jt{g u/ hnjfo' kl/jt{gnufot ljZjJofkL k"‘hLkltx?sf] /fHo / ;Qfdf kx‘'rsf sf/0f pgLx? ;+;f/e/L dgk/L ul//x]sf 5g\ . r/d jftfj/0f ;+s6af6 aRg ks[lt– ljZjel/sf kf‘ r ;ohlt ax'/fli6« o lgudx?n] dfgjaLrsf] cGt/;DaGwnfO{ ks[ltd}qL ljZjsf] tLg rf}yfO{ cfly{s ultljlwdfly agfpg clgjfo{ 5 . t/ o;sf] d'Vo lgoGq0f ub{5g\ . tL lgudx?n] kof{ j/0fdf afws clxn] ;+ ; f/el/ r n] s f] 8/nfUbf] ;+ s6 NofPsf 5g\ . jftfj/0f ;+ s6sf] ljZjJofkLs/0f ePsf] 3f]/ gfkmf, n'6sf] nflu ;a} eGbf 7" nf] sf/s tTj ePsf] uLg xfp; cfwf/df rn]sf] cy{ /fhgLlt xf] . To;}n] pT;h{ gdf cd] l/sf ljZjel/g} Ps gDa/df 5 . xfdLn] xfdf] k[ YjLsf] /Iffsf nflu cd]l/sf / klZrdf k"‘ hjfbL b]zx?n] o; ks[ltd}qL cGt/;DaGw k'g:yf{lkt ug'{sf] ;DaGwdf cGt/f{li6«o ;Demf}tfx?sf] cjx]ngf ;fy} gfkmfsf nflu h] h:tf] klg ug]{ u/] sf 5g\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu ;g\ !((@ df cy{/fhgLlt / To;n] NofPsf] ;+:s[ltsf] aFlhnsf] l/of] b h] g]/f] df ePsf] k[ YjL ;Dd] ngdf kl/jt{g ckl/xfo{ 5 . sf7df8f}+df cf} Bf]lus b]zx? sfa{g pT;h{ g ;g\ @)!@ ;DkGg hg;fs{sf] lgisif{ klg oxL lyof] .

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ls/0f nD;fn M klxn]b]lv g} o'4df ;lqmo ePsf]n] cem} klg la/f]wL efjgf st} n's]sf] 5 ls h:tf] nfU5 .

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– 8f= cª\u/fh ltldlN;gf

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– ;Dkfbs

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a'wjf/, !& d+l;/ @)&!

g]kfnsf] ljsf;sf ;d:ofx? g]kfndf of]hgfa4 ljsf; @)!# ;fnaf6 z'? ePsf] xf] . To;otf ;/sf/L of]hgfx?n] g]kfnsf] ul/aL x6fpg] / /fli6«o ljsf; ug{] cg]s sfo{qmdx? cufl8 ;f/]sf 5g\ . Tolt dfq xf]Og, clxn];Dd ljsf;sf] gfddf c/af}+ /sd g]kfn lelqPsf] 5 . t/ o;/L ljsf;sf] gfddf hlt g} sfo{qmdx? cufl8 ;fl/P klg To;n] dWod ju{ s f] hg;+ V ofnfO{ clnslt km/flsnf] agfpg] / k/Dk/fut clehft ju{ n fO{ wgL agfpg] afx] s …cfdÚ dflg;x?nfO{ kmfObf k'¥ofpg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . ul/aL lgjf/0fsf sfo{qmd hlt g} cufl8 ;fl/P klg ;/sf/L tYofÍ cg';f/ g} @#=* kltzt hgtf ul/jLsf] /]vfd'lg 5g\ . t/ /fi6«;+3Lo ax'cfoflds dfgj ljsf; kltj]bg–@)!) sf cg';f/ g]kfndf ul/aL ^% k|ltzt 5 . oL tYofÍx?n] g]kfnsf] ljsf; / To;;DaGwL pkfox?sf] c;kmntf / ;d:ofx?nfO{ b]vfp“5 .

8'8\nL ;L;{ -Dudley Seers_ sf cg';f/ s'g} klg b]zdf ul/aL, a]/f]huf/L / c;dfgtf 3l6/x]sf] 5 eg] To;nfO{ ljsf; eO/x]sf] dfGg' kb{5 . olb ul/jL, a]/f]hu/L / c;dfgtfsf] cj:yf ljs/fn 5 eg] kltJolQm cfDbfgL hlt;'s} a[l4 eP klg To;nfO{ ljsf; dfGg ;lsb}g eGg] ;L;{ dxf]bosf] ts{ 5 . !($) sf] bzskl5 ljsf; eg] s f] k/Dk/fut ;dfhnfO{ lj1fg / kljlwsf] ;xfotfn] cfw'lgs agfpg] k|lqmofnfO{ a'‰g yflnof] . cfw'lgsLs/0f eGgfn] b'O{j6f s'/f a'l‰mG5 . kyd, pBf]u, s[lifnufotsf pTkfbgsf sfo{x?df kljlwsf] kof]un] art pTkfbgdf a9f]Q/L ug{' . låtLo, ;dfhsf] k/Dk/fut d"No dfGotfsf] ;§fdf gjLgtd dfGotf jf ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug{' . o;k|sf/sf] cfw' l gsLs/0fsf] klqmofn] Plzof / clkmsfsf b]zx?df vf;} tflTjs kl/jt{g x'g ;s]g . lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] k|of]un] ;dfhsf k/Dk/fut ;fdGtL ju{x?nfO{ pBf]uklt aGg] cj;/ kbfg u/]sf eP klg To;n] ;dfhsf] c;dfgtf x6fpg s'g} of]ubfg u/]g . ;+:s[ltsf] If]qdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g n] k"jL{o ;Eotfsf] lj;{hg / kfZrfTo ;+:s[ltnfO{ k|f ]T;fxg u¥of] . g]kfndf klg kl5Nnf] ;dodf ljsf; eO/x]sf bftf s]lGbt ljsf; cfof]hgf / Pglhcf] / cfOPglhcf]sf] af9Ln] Psflt/ kfZrfTo / csf{]lt/ OzfOs/0fnfO{ a9fO/x] sf] s'/fdf s'g} z+sf 5}g . csf{]lt/ o;k|sf/sf] cfw'lgsLs/0fn] k/lge{/tf a9fO/x]sf] 5 . kfZrfTo zlQmx?åf/f lbOPsf C0f ;xof]u / Pglhcf] Pj+ cfOPglhcf]åf/f ljsf; ug{] gLlt dflyaf6 tn -TopDownmodel_ xf] . o; k|sf/sf] df]8nn] wgL dflg;x?sf] xftdf /x]sf] wg qmdzM tnlt/ r'lxP/ ul/a hgtfnfO{ kmfObf k'¥ ofp“5 eGg] b[ l i6sf] 0 f /fV5 - Trickle-down_ cfw'lgsLs/0fsf] ljsNksf] ?kdf !(&) sf] bz{skl5 hgs]lGbt cjwf/0ff cufl8 ;fl/Psf] lyof] . of] tnb]lv dfly ljsf; ug{'k5{ eGg] cjwf/0ff -Bottomup Approach_ dflgG5 . g]kfn h:tf] b]zdf Psflt/ slyt cfw'lgsLs/0fcGtu{t kfZrfTo ;+:s[ltsf] cg';/0f cyf{t ss6]n kf6L{, 5f8f of}gaf6 / csf{]lt/ ;8snufotsf k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf;nfO{ dfq …ljsf;Ú ;lDemg] ka[lQ

5 . o:tf] k|a[lQn] a]/f]huf/L c;dfgtf / ul/jL x6fpg] s'/fnfO{ vf;} dxTj lbPsf] 5}g . kl5Nnf] ;dodf k|of]udf NofOPsf] hgs]]lGbt cjwf/0ffn] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, dfgj ljsf; / lbuf] ljsf;nfO{ a/fa/ dxTj lbG5 . k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] If]qdf g]kfndf xfn;Dd ljsf; ul/Psf] cfof]hgf x]bf{ To;sf] ljsf;sf] ult cToGt dGb 5 . oftfoftsf] ;~hfn &# lhNnfd} k'u]sf] ;/sf/n] hgfP klg ;8ssf] :t/ Hofgdf/f lsl;dsf] 5 . sRrL ;8ssf] 6«ofsnfO{ ;8s eGg' s'g} klg lx;fan] ;fGble{s x'“b}g . of] Hofgdf/f ;8ssf] kl5Nnf] kl/0ffd hfh/sf]6df ePsf] ;8s b'3{6gf / e]/L gbLdf v;]/ d/]sf $) a9L ;j{;fwf/0f x'g\ . To;sf/0f & xhf/ & ;o (( lsdL sfnf]kq] ;8snfO{ dfq ;8s ;~hfn eGg' pko' Q m x' G 5 . ;8s oftfoftb] lv afx]s sf cGo oftfoftsf ;fwgsf] ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . /]ndfu{, xjfO{ oftfoft, ;'?ªdfu{, s]ansf/ cflbsf] ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lzIffsf] If]qdf gf} j6f ljZjljBfno / kf‘ r xhf/ a9L ljBfnox? :yfkgf ePsf] eP klg lzIffsf] cj:yf cToGt lg/fzfhgs 5 . ;/sf/n] rnfPsf egf{ cleofgx?n] kfylds txdf

5 . :jf:Yo;DaGwL ;a} s]Gb|x? sf7df8f}+ s] lGb| t 5g\ . /f]u kQf nufpg rflxg] pRr:t/Lo Nofj 5}g g\ . hl6n /f]usf] cg';Gwfg ug{ /utnufotsf j:t'x? lbNnL jf d'DaO{ k9fpg'k5{ . b'u{d If]qx?df t :jf:Yo;DaGwL Go"gtd ;'ljwf;d]t k'Ug ;s] sf] 5}g . kl5Nnf] ;dodf hyfefjL ;DaGwg lbOPsf d]l8sn sn]hx?af6 pTkflbt 8fS6x?sf] kdf0fkq dfG5] dfg{ lbPsf] nfO;]G; ;fljt ePsf] 5 . :jR5 vfg]kfgLsf] ljt/0fsf] l:ylt klg ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . hnljB'tsf] cj:yf t nf]8;]l8ªsf] ljs/fn ;d:of ´]ln/x]sf] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ atfO/xg' kg{] cfjZostf 5}g . ;~rf/sf] If]qdf df]afOn kmf]g / OG6/g]6sf] ;'ljwf a9\b} uP klg ;]jf k|jfxsf] cj:yf k6Ss} ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . g]kfn ljZjsf] bf];|f] :nf] OG6/g]6 ePsf] b]zdf k5{ . k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] If]qdf cufl8 ;fl/Psf] dxTjk"0f{ of]hgf eg]sf afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] cufl8 ;f/]sf @! /fli6«o uf}/jsf of}hgfx? x'g\ . oL /fli6«o uf}/jsf cfof]hgfx? slxn] k"/f x'g] x'g\ . d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf] b'u{lt b]lv;s]sf] d'n'sdf eljiojf0fL ug{ ;lsg] s'/f xf]Og . k"jf{wf/ ljsf;kl5 dfgj ljsf;sf] s'/f

 ;h{g uf}td

r'/] ;+/If0f cleofg /fHon] cufl8 ;f/]sf ;+/If0f sfo{qmdx? x'g\ . h;dWo] /fi6«klt r'/ ] ;+ / If0f of] h gf 9'Ë f t:s/x?sf] cfGbf]ngn] cnkq kg{] cj:yfdf k'lu;s]sf] 5 . dfly pNn] v ul/Psf] ljsf;df ;d:ofb]lv afx]s ljsf;df b]vf k/]sf] åGå ;+j]bgzLntfsf] sdL xf] . g]kfn dfcf]jfbL hgo'4af6 ev{/} zflGt klqmofdf kj]z u/]sf] åGåsf] ;+j]bgzLntf ePsf] If]q xf] . csf{]lt/ dfcf]jfbLaf6 km'6]sf g]qlaqmd rGbn] gof“9+un] åGå rsf{pg] gLlt cufl8 ;f/]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf åGå ;+j ]b gzLntflagf ljsf; sfo{ qmdx? ;fl/Psf 5g\ . åGå ;+j]bgzLn … k" F h Ljfbsf] cl:tTj / p;sf] la:tf/ log} sËfn cufl8 ljsf;cGtu{ t l;dfGtst, pk] l Ift, cljsl;t ;d' b fo nlIft ljsf; kfl/Psf / ljeflht ul/Psf hgtfdfly l6s] s f] x' G 5 .ÚÚ sfo{ q mdx? nfu' ug] { / ;' / Iffdf :yfgLox?sf] ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug{] -d] / L 8] ; ] g g] k fndf ul/jLsf] ax; k[ i 7 !)#_ olb o:t} ul/G5 . dfcf]jfbL hgo'4kZrft ljsf;sf lglDt ah] 6 5' 6 \ o fpg z' ? ul/Psf ksf/sf] l:ylt sfod /xG5 eg] To;n] l9nf] jf rf“ 8 f] dWoklZrdsf lhNnfx?nfO{ h;/L /fdz/0f dxtsf] ah]6n] pk]Iff u¥of], To;n] of] ;/sf/ åGå a9\g glbg] s'/fklt k6Ss} csf{ ] åGånfO{ lgdGq0ff u5{ eGg] s' / f k| i 6 5 . ;+j]bgzLn 5}g eGg] k|i6 x'G5 . o;n] g]kfnsf] ljsf;n] ljsf; sd egf{ x'g cfpg] afnaflnsfsf] ;+Vof a9]sf] cfp“5 . dfgj ljsf; ef/tLo cy{zf:qL / ljgfz a9L ul//x]sf] 5 . clxn] g]kfndf 5 -(#=& k|ltzt_ . t/ :s"n 5f]8\g] -drop- cdTo{ ;]g / kfls:tfgL cy{zf:qL dxa'j ;~rfng ul/Psf ljsf; cfof]hgfx? out_ afnaflnsfsf] ;+Vof slt a9L 5 Tof] pn xsn] ljsf; u/]]sf] cjwf/0ff xf] . dfgj ul/aLsf] Jofkf/ ug{] sf/vfgf x'g\ . d]/L s'/f dfWolds txdf egf{ x'g] afnaflnsfsf] ljsf;;DaGwL cjwf/f0ffn] dflg;sf] ;Lk, 8];]gn] eg] h:t} …ljsf;] sf/vfgfn] cg]s v"b egf{ b/ $)=* k|ltzt x'g'n] b]vfp“5 . Ifdtf, :jf:Yo / :jtGqtf h:tf kIfx?sf] pkfoaf6 of] sfd ub{5 . h:tf] ls o;n] s'g} klg k~rjifL{o of]hgf k"0f{tM ;kmn x'g ljsf; ug'{kg{] cfjZostfdf hf]8 lbG5 . tyflk cy{ Joj:yfnfO{ h]gt]g e/y]u u/]/ ;Qfdf g;s]sf] cj:yfdf …Ps ufp“ Ps :s"nÚ sf] dfgj ljsf;sf] u0fgf rflx‘ cf};t cfo', /x]sf] clehft ju{nfO{ ei6 agfO/fVg ;/sf/L sfo{qmd klg ;kmn x'g] s'g} ;Defjgf ;fIf/tf b/ / kltJolQm cfDbfgLnfO{ cfwf/ d2t u5{ / ltgnfO{ …sld;gÚ NofP/ e'“8L b]lvGg . a8f] ;hwgsf ;fy z'? ul/Psf] agfOG5 . @)^* sf] hg;+Vofn] atfPsf] ^(=! km'nfpg df}sf lbG5 . o;n] dWod ju{sf] uflj;x?nfO{ ;o kltzt ;fIf/tf ePsf] jif{sf] cf};t cfo', kf}9 ;fIf/tf b/ ^^ kltzt 3]/f]nfO{ km/flsnf] agfp“5, h'g dWod ju{n] 3f]if0ffx? gSsnL ePsf] tYo klxn] g} ksfzdf cflb s'g} klg ljZj;gLo 5}gg\ . clxn]s} cfÎg} b] z af;Lx?sf] ul/jLaf6 vfO{ tfndf lg/If/tfd'Qm uflj; 3f]if0ff ub{} hfg] hLljsfsf] aGbf]a:t ldnfpg ;S5 . ;f“lRr cfO;s]sf] 5 . gf}j6f ljZjljBfnox? eP klg kdf0fkq xf] eg] xfn /x]sf] dfgj ljsf; ;"rsf+ssf] g} …ul/aL pGd"ng eof] eg] pgLx?sf] >d ahf/df laSg] u/L ljZj;gLotf ePsf k|fKtfÍ )=$^# PSsf;L a9\g;S5 . t/ of] sfdwGbf vQd x' G 5 . o;sf/0f oyfl:yltnfO{ sfod /fVg] / pgLx?sf] s]jn b'O{j6f ljZjljBfnox? 5g\ . lqe'jg ldYofÍ dfq x'g] :ki6 5 . ljsf;sf sfo{ q mdx? jftfj/0fLo t'R5 :jfy{nfO{ alnof] kfg{] sfd ul/G5 . ljZjljBfno / sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfno . d'n'ssf] ;a}eGbf h]7f] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno tTjx?n] wfGg ;Sg] u/L ;~rfng ul/g'k5{ ul/jx?nfO{ JolQmut ;zlQms/0f / cfly{s /fhgLlts x:tIf]kn] lynlynf] ePsf] 5 . eGg] wf/0ff lbuf] ljsf; xf] . a'6Nof08 pGgltsf ;kgf af‘l8G5 / pgLx?nfO{ lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] cj:yf ;'wfg{ ;fy{s cfof]un] klxnf] k6s lbuf] ljsf;;DaGwL dflyaf6 lnTsf]lkTsf] r'x '“b} cfkm" ;Dd koTg gx'g ] xf] eg] Toxf“ ljBfyL{ eGbf kltj]bg ;fj{hflgs u/]kl5 jftfj/0fsf] cfOk'u]sf] yf]/} ;'ljwf xft kfg{sf] nflu kFWofks / sd{rf/Lsf] 7"nf] ;+Vof x'g] cj:yf ;+/If0f;“u} ljsf;nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg' k5{ cfk;df n' 5 fr' “ 8 L ug{ ' k g{ ] cj:yfdf 5 . clxn] g} cflËs SofDk;x?df Pp6f klg eGg] s'/fdf ljZjel/ g} ;xdlt 5 . g]kfndf /flvG5 . o;/L ljsf;] sf/vfgfn] sËfn ljBfyL{ gePsf kfWofkssf] ;+Vof cTolws cJojl:yt9+un] a9\b} uPsf] zx/Ls/0f, l;d]G6 kfl/Psf / ljeflht ul/Psf hgtf ePsf] /x]sf] 5 ljz]iftM dfgljsL ;+sfodf . To;dfly pBf]ux?sf] a9f]Q /L / ltgn] gi6 u/]sf] hgcfwf/nfO{ sfod /fVg vf] H 5 . cfGbf]ngsf] e/df !@)) kfWofksnfO{ :yfoL jftfj/0f, ;'Sb} uPsf kfgLsf ;f]t, ;b{} uPsf] …k"‘hLjfbsf] cl:tTj / p;sf] lj:tf/ log} ug{' k/]sfn] ljBfnosf] ;~rfng vr{ a9]sf] lxd/] v f, dfl;b} + uPsf] h} l js sËfn kfl/Psf / ljeflht ul/Psf 5 . ljZjljBfnodf e|i6frf/ olt a9]sf] 5 ljljwtfnufotsf ;Gbe{x?n] g]kfnsf] ljsf; hgtfdfly l6s]sf] x'G5 .Ú -d]/L 8];]g ls clVtof/sf] 5fglagsf] 3]/fdf gcfPsf lbuf] 5}g eGg] s'/f :ki6 5 . dfwj g]kfnsf] g]kfndf ul/jLsf] ax; k[i7 !)#_ olb ;/sf/sf] kfnfdf dWojtL{ If]qsf] plrt o:t} ksf/sf] l:ylt sfod /xG5 eg] s'g} ljZjljBfno 5}gg\ . :jf:Yo If]qsf] s'/f ug{] xf] eg] g]kfnsf] Joj:yfkg lagf yk ul/Psf /fli6«o lgs'~h To;n] l9nf] jf rf“ 8 f] csf{ ] åGånfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jf g ;j{;'ne 5 g t u'0f:t/Lo / r'/] If]qsf] ;+/If0f ug{ NofOPsf] /fi6«klt lgdGq0ff u5{ eGg] s'/f k|i6 5 .

tkfOFsf] 3/df d';fn] ;tfPsf] 5 < dlxgf}+;Dd b'Mvsi6 u/L pAhfPsf] cGg afnL d' ; fn] ubf{ s] x L kltzt v]taf/Ld} gf]S;fg u/]sf] x'G5 eg] s]xL kltzt e08f/0f u/]sf cGgnfO{ Iflt k'¥ofPsf] x'G5 . o;/L k|ltjif{ cGgafnL gf]S;fg eO/x“bf klg xfdLx?n] To;sf] lgoGq0f ug{]tkm{ rf;f] b]vfPsf] b]lvb}g . xfdf] b]zdf nueu #) hftsf d';fx? ePsf] Pp6f kltj]bgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . tL d';fx?dWo] s]xL xfd|f] v]t, 3/sf] j/k/ /xL nueu !) b]lv !% kltzt hlt cGg gf]S;fg u/]sf x'G5g\ . o;/L gf]S ;fg k'¥ofpg] d';fx?nfO{ k"0f{?kdf lgoGq0f ug{] xf] eg] k"/} ufp‘n]x? ldn]/ cleofgsf] ?kdf nfUg'kg{] x'G5 . olb o;f] gu/L PSn} lgoGq0ftkm{ nfUg] xf] eg] @–$ lbg lgoGq0f ePh:tf] nfUg;S5 . t/ k"0f{?kdf lgoGq0f x'g ;Sb}g . lsgeg] s]xL lbgleq} csf{] 3/af6 k'gM d';f cfO{ gf]S;fg k'¥ofpg yfN5 . t;y{ ;a} ldn]/ o;sf] lgoGq0f u/]df k"0f{?kdf lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 . d';fx? w]/} lsl;dsf eP klg a9L gf]S;fg k'¥ofpg] d';fx?df 3/]n' d';f, 8's'/] d';f / h+unL d';f kb{5g\ . oL d';fx? Hofb} rt'/ vfnsf x'G5g\ .

To;}n] o;sf] lgoGq0f ;fwf/0f t/Lsfaf6 ug{ ;lsb}g . o;nfO{ s]xL lbg;Dd ljif gxfnL, ld7f] rf/f agfO vfg lbO{ kNsfpg' kb{5 . ha oL d';fx? ld7f] vfgf kfP/ klNsg yfN5g\ ta dfq} To; bfgf -rf/f_ df ljif k|of]u u/L vfg lbO{ dfg{ ;lsG5 . d';f Pp6f rt'/ hgfj/ ePsf] x'“bf Ps}rf]6L ljif /fvL dfg{ ;lsb}g, To;}n] o;nfO{ ld7f] rf/fdf kNsfO dfq dfg{ ;lsG5 . ca Ps}l5g oL d';fsf hLjg a[tfGt af/] hfgsf/L lncf}+ .

-!_ 3/ d';fM  of] hftsf] d';fn] 9fO{b]lv kf“r dlxgfd} aRrf hGdfpg] ub{5 . z'?df rf/b]lv ^ j6f;Dd aRrf

hGdfp‘5 .  ^ dlxgfsf] calw kl5 ´ a9L aRrf hGdfpg] ub{5 .  ue{wf/0f u/]sf] @! b]lv @% lbgdf aRrf hlGdg] ub{5g\ .  jif{df tLgb]lv ^ k6s;Dd klg aRrf hGdfp‘5g\ .  of] d';f Ps jif{;Dd dfq hLljt x'g] t/ ljz]if kl/l:ylt ePdf tLg jif{;Dd klg af“Rg ;Sb5g\ .  of] sfnf], v}/f] /+usf] x'G5 .

-@_ 8's'/] d';f M  o;sf] cfo' Ps jif{;Dd dfq x'G5 .  jif{df kf‘rb]lv ^ k6s;Dd aRrf hGdfp‘5 .  kTo]s k6sdf

^ b]lv * j6f;Dd aRrf hlGdG5g\ .  o;n] ul'nof] lrh clt dg k/fp‘5 .  of] ;fgf] vfnsf] x'G5 .  Hofb} rt'/ vfnsf], sfnf] v}/f] /+usf] x'G5 .  o;n] cGgkft, n'uf cflb gf]S;fg ub{5 .

-#_ h+unL d';fM  of] d';fnfO{ 3/sf] j/k/, a:g] d';f eg]/ lrlgG5 .  o;n] a9Ldf b'O{ k6s dfq aRrf hGdfp‘5 .  Psk6sdf ^ b]lv !) j6f;Dd aRrf hlGd5g\ .  o;sf] cfo' ^ dlxgf dfq} x'G5 . t/ ljz]if kl/l:ylt ePdf a9L klg af“rg ;S5 .  o;n] v] taf/Ldf nufPsf] cGgafnL / e08f/0fdf /fv]sf cGgx? a9L Iflt ug{] ub{5 . of] sfnf], v}/f] /+usf] 7"nf] vfn] d';f xf] . d';f lgoGq0f ug{] t/Lsfx? M d';f o:tf] vfnsf] hgfj/ xf] hf] v]taf/Lb]lv

3/sf] cGg e08f/0f;Dd h'g;'s} a]nf k'u]sf] x'G5 . d';fx?df Pp6f crDdsf] s'/f s] x'G5 eg] xfdLx?sf] 3/ kl/jf/df d'nL dflg; eP h:t} d';fx?sf] klg Pp6f d'nL d';f x'G5 . s'g} 7fp‘df cGgkft cyjf s'g} lrhx? /flvPsf] 5 eg] Tof] vfg of]Uo 5 5}g egL kQf nufpg To; 7fp“df klxn] d'nL d';f k'U5 / Tof] s] s:tf] lrh xf] vt/f 5 5}g ;a} lg/LIf0f u/L 7Ls ePkl5 dfq cGo d';fx?nfO{ va/ ub{5 . To;kl5 j/k/sf d';fx? cfO{ cGgkft vfg] ub{5g\ . slxn] sfxL r6k6]dWo]sf !÷@ j6f d';fx? xfdLx?n] /fv]sf] ljiffbL rf/f vfP/ d/]sf] b]lvG5g\ t/ k"0f{?kdf d';f d/]sf x'“b}gg\ . t;y{ To:tf rt' / vfnsf d' ; fx?nfO{ lgd{"n kfg{ ;f]´} ljif /fv]sf] rf/fn] dfg{ ;lsb}g . To;nfO{ ld7f] rf/f agfO{ kNsfO{, lgDg t/Lsf ckgfpg'kb{5 . olb oL t/Lsfx? ckgfO d' ; fx? lgoGq0f u/] d f cGgafnLnfO{ ;lhn} hf]ufpg ;lsG5 . ;j{kyd kL7f], t]n jf £o", lrgL / kfgL h'6fpg], To;kl5 lk7f]nfO{ kfgLdf d'5]/ /f]6L ksfpg] lk7f] h:t} agfpg] . d'5]sf] lk7f]nfO{ ds}sf] bfgf h:t} ;–;fgf uf]nL agfO To;df £o" jf t]n nufP/ lrgLdf ldnfO{ d';f cfpg] 7fp“ jf Kjfnx?df !–! j6f /fvL lbO{ To; 7fp“df lrGx nufpg], o;/L /flvPsf uf]nLx?nfO{ bf];f] lbg lg/LIf0f u/L klxnf] lbg /fv]sf uf]nLx?dWo] slt vfof] To; 7fp“df k'gM o:t} uf]nL agfO /flvlbg] . of] t/Lsf @÷# lbg;Dd ub{} hfg] . ha /fv]sf uf]nLx?dWo] &%b]lv *) kltzt hlt vfPsf] b]lvG5 ta dfq} ljiffbL ldnfPsf] uf]nL agfO{ /fvL lbg'kb{5 . ljiffbL /fv]sf] uf]nL s;/L agfpg]

 z+s/k;fb g]kfn M ljiffbL /fv]sf] uf]nL agfpg' kbf{ klxn] h] h;/L uf]nL agfOPsf] lyof] To;}u/L g} uf]nL tof/ ug{] / Tof] uf]nLnfO{ b]]a] xftsf] xTs]nfdf /fvL bflxg] xftsf] a'9L cf}nfn] lyrL r]i6f] agfpg] -/f]6L h:tf]_ / klxn] sltj6f -ds} hqf]_ bfgf agfO{ /flvPsf] lyof], Tolt g} bfgf agfO{ -/f]6Lh:tf] r]K6f] agfO{ aLr efudf kg{] u/L sf7sf] ;fgf] l;Gsfn] …lh+s km:kmfO6Ú gfdsf] ljiffbL w'nf] ;nfO{sf] sf“6Ldf hlt af?b x'G5, TolQs} dfqfdf r]K6f] agfPsf] uf]nLsf] aLrdf /fvL ljif aflx/ gkf/Lsg klxn]sf] h:t} uf]nL tof/ u/L, klxn] lrGx /fv]sf] 7fp“df -klxn] ld7f] rf/f h'g–h'g 7fp“df /fv]sf] lyof]_ pQm uf]nLx?nfO{ /flvlbg], ljifo'Qm rf/f VjfO{ d';fx?nfO{ lgd"{n kfg{ ;lsG5 . of] t/Lsf gckgfO{ ljifnfO{ lk7f] cyjf eftdf d'5]/ /fv]df !÷@ j6f r6k6] d';fn] vfO{ dg{ ;Snfg\ t/ ;Dk"0f{ d';f dfg{ ;lsb}g . t;y{ atfP´}+ k|ljlw ckgfO sfd ug{' pko'Qm x'G5 . of] t/Lsf Pp6fn] dfq gu/L k'/} ufp“n]n] ug{] xf] eg] ufp“af6} d';fx?sf] lgd"{n kfg{ ;lsG5 . ljif /fv]/ d/]sf d';fx? / ar]sf ljifsf uf]nLx?nfO{ vf8n vgL ufl8lbg'kb{5 . 3/df ljifsf] rf/f /fv]kl5 kfgLsf ef‘8f 9fSg] / st} kfgL hd]sf] 7fp“ 5 eg] k'/L lbg'kb{5 . lsgeg] ljif vfPsf] d';fn] kfgL vfg vf]H5 . To;}n] kfgL vfg kfpg' x'“b}g . olb oL ;a} klqmof k"/f u/L d';f dfg{] xf] eg] cjZo klg d';fsf] ;d:ofaf6 5'6\sf/f kfpg ;Sg' x'g]5 .

g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] sfo{ef/ g]skf Pdfn]sf] ut c;f/df sf7df8f+}df ;DkGg gjf}+ dxflwj]zgn] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] rl/q ljZn]if0f ub}{ g]kfn ca cw{;fdGtL / cw{ cf}klgj]lzs geO{ k"‘hLjfbdf kj]z u/]sf] Pj+ /fhgLlts qmflGt k"/f ePsf] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 ;f]xL lgisif{sf cfwf/df g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] cfufdL sfo{ef/ ;d]t cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 . To:t} PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] ut jif{ x]6f+}8fdf ;DkGg dxflwj]zgn] klg g]kfn k+"‘hLjfbdf kj]z u/]sf] lgisif{ lgsfNg'sf ;fy} cfly{s qmflGt ;DkGg ug{sf nflu pTkfbg lau]8 lgdf{0f ug]{ lg0f{o ;d]t u/]sf] lyof] o;/L g]kfnsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? k‘"hLjfbL hgjfbL /fhgLlts qmflGt k"/f ePsf] lgisif{df k'u]sf 5g\ / /fli6«o k‘"hLjfbsf] ljsf;df hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . g]kfnsf b'O{ 7"nf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] of] lgisif{n] k/dk/fut sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] sfo{gLlt, sfo{k4lt, sfo{ef/ / sfo{lbzfdf kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . @% jif{ klxn] pef/df /x]sf] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng clxn] cln sdhf]/ ePsf] 5 . vf;u/L /l;og df]8]nsf] ;dfhjfbn] wSsf vfPkl5 ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng l5GgleGg cj:yfdf 5 . dfS;{jfbsf ;fj{ef}d dfGotfx?sf] j}1flgstfnfO{ cfh;Dd s;}n] klg unt ePsf] k|dfl0ft ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . t/ dfgj d'lQmsf] j}1flgs l;4fGt dfS;{jfbsf] kof]udf ;kmntf eGbf c;kmntf g} a9L b]lvPsf 5g\ . of] tYonfO{ dgg\ gu/L k'/fg} t/Lsfn] ca g qmflGt ;kmn x'G5 g t l6S5 . ljZjsf @$ b]zdf ;z:q qmflGt ;kmn ePsf lyP . tL ;a} b]z ;fdGtL, cw{;fdGtL /

 z'/fdl0f a]Naf;] ;dfKt x'g] . g]kfndf klxnf] sf]6Lsf kf6L{x? g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] d"nwf/df /x]sf 5g\ . h;sf] g]t[Tjdf / a'h'{jf zlQmsf] ;xof]udf )^@÷)^# sf] hgqmflGt ;kmn ePsf] 5 . pQm qmflGtn] ;fdGtL /fhtGqsf] cGTo u/]sf] 5 . b]z /fhgLlts?kdf k"‘hLjfbdf kj]z u/]sf] 5 . o;}nfO{ hgjfbL qmflGt /fhgLlts?kdf ;DkGg ePsf] lgisif{df g]skf Pdfn] k'u]sf] 5 . PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] Pdfn]n] h:t} ki6 geg] klg /fhgLlts qmflGt ;DkGg ePsf] x'gfn] cfly{s qmflGt ug{ pTkfbg lau]8 agfpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] k|i6 5 . olb To;f] xf] eg] ca g]kfnsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?n] csf]{ hgjfbL qmflGt ug]{ 5}gg\ . hgjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg eof] . g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] casf] sfo{ef/ s] xf] < of] ;a} sDo'lgi6x?sf nflu uDeL/ / dxTjk"0f{ k|Zg xf] . g]skf Pdfn]sf] gjf}+ dxflwj]zgn] bnfn gf]s/zfxL k"‘hLjfbsf] cGTo u/L /fli6«o k"‘hLjfbsf] ljsf; g]kfnL qmflGtsf] sfo{ef/ ls6fg u/]sf] 5 . Tof] sfo{ef/ k"/f ug{ sfo{qmdsf] cfjZostf k5{ .

olb b]z hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfbsf] bf];f] r/0fdf 5 eg] lgs6 eljiodf ;dfhjfbdf ;+qmd0f ug]{ g} xf]nf tof/Lsf] z'e;+s]t g} b]lvPsf] 5}g . st} xfdL pN6f] uGtJolt/sf] ofqfdf t 5}gf}+ < hgtfn] z'e;+s]tsf] cg'e"lt ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . hgtfnfO{ kl/jt{gsf] cg'e"lt rflxPsf] 5 . ;dfgtf / ;d[l4 rflxPsf] 5 . ;dfhjfb rflxPsf] 5 . cf}klgj]lzs, cw{cf}klgj]lzs lyP . tL ;a} b]zdf hgtfnfO{ dtbfgsf] clwsf/ lyPg, ;+u7gsf] clwsf/ lyPg . To:tf b]zdf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] ;z:q qmflGt u/]sf lyP . kyd / bf];f] ljZj o'4sf] ;]/f] km]/f]df ;z:q qmflGt ;kmn ePsf lyP . cfhsf] h:tf] lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ePsf] lyPg . cltl/Qm d"Nosf] lg/k]If zf]if0fsfndf zflGtk"0f{ qmflGt csNkgLo lyof] . n]lggn] !(!& df October qmflGtsf] pb\3f]if ubf{ sfpT;sLx?n] To;sf] la/f]w ul//x]sf lyP . qmflGt ;kmn eof] lsgls Tof] ;do cltl/Qm d"Nosf] lg/k]If zf]if0fsf] ;do lyof] . To:t} !($( df rLgdf ;z:q qmflGt ;kmn eof] . rLg hfkfgL ;fd|fHosf] cf}klgj]zdf lyof] / Toxf‘ ;of}+ o'4 ;/bf/x?n] zf;g ul//x]sf lyP . To:t} So"af, leotgfd, pQ/sf]l/ofnufotsf b]zdf ;z:q qmflGt ;kmn eP h'g b]z k|foM cf}klgj]lzs lyP . ;fdGtL zf;g lyof] . ;z:q qmflGtsf nflu afx\o jftfj/0f cg's"n lyof] . t/ cfh To:tf] cj:yf 5}g . k|foM ;a} b]zdf hgtfdf dtflwsf/ 5, ;f+u7lgs clwsf/ kfKt 5 / ;fy;fy} cfhsf] b'lgof‘ k"hLjfbL o'udf 5 . lj1fg / kljlwn] cf]tkf]t 5 / csf]{ cfhsf] k"‘hLjfbn] cltl/Qm d"Nosf] lg/k]If zf]if0f gu/L ;fk]If zf]if0f ul//x]sf] 5 . !(&) sf] bzskl5 rn]sf ;a} ;z:q ;+3if{n] cToGt} 7"nf] Iflt a]xf]l//x]sf 5g\ / ;dfKt k|fo ePsf 5g\ . oL ;a} tYosf cfwf/df casf] sDo'lgi6 qmflGt zflGtk"0f{ x'G5 To;df b'O{dt x'g ;Sb}g . sfn{dfS;{, n]lgg / dfcf]n] klg k"‘hLjfbsf] ljsf; eO/x]sf] / dtflwsf/ ePsf] b]zdf qmflGt zflGtk"0f{ g} x'g] ljrf/ cufl8 ;f/]sf 5g\ .

To;sf/0f klg casf] qmflGt zflGtk"0f{ g} x'g]5 . t/ csf]{tkm{ PSn} sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf zflGtk"0f{ qmflGt cfh;Dd st} ePsf] 5}g, zflGtk"0f{ qmflGt ug]{ eg]/ lgjf{rgdf efu lng] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? r'gfjdf efu ln+bfln+b} lvO‘b} uPsf 5g . h:t} ef/t, hxf‘ s]xL ;do klxnf rf/j6f /fHodf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ lyof] . ef/tsf] t];|f] zlQmzfnL kf6L{sf] ?kdf /x]sf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ lgjf{rgaf6 qmflGt unf{ eGbf cfh p7\g} g;Sg] u/L ynf k/]sf] 5 . g]kfn afx]s cGo b]zsf zflGtk"0f{ qmflGt ug]{ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] xfnt klg To:t} 5 . dfS;{, P+u]N;, n]lgg / dfcf]sf] d[To'kl5 ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngn] gof‘ lbzf lbg ;Sg] g]tf kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g .

Psyl/ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] qmflGtsf] Psdfq lg/k]If af6f] ;z:q qmflGtnfO{ cfkm\gf] sfo{gLlt agfP/ nu]sf 5g\ . hgtfsf] ul/jL, zf]if0f, bdgnfO{ b]vfP/ tL ;a} ;d:ofaf6 d'lFQm eg]sf] ;z:q qmflGt eGb} aGb'seGbf csf]{ lasNk g} b]Vb}gg\, cfhsf] ;dfh lj1fgnfO{ a'em\g] k|oTg ub}{gg\ . ;z:q qmflGtdf uPsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? b'O{ lgoltaf6 u'lhPsf 5g\– != /fHola?4 aGb's af]Sg], hgtfnfO{ uf]naGb ug]{ / eLif0f bdgsf] ;fdgf ug{'k"j{ zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLlts sfo{lbzf canDag ug]{ . @= lg/Gt/ ;z:q qmflGt ug]{ /fHosf] eLif0f bdgdf k/L

sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ /fHo;Qf xftdf x'g'k5{ . /fHo;Qf xftdf lng ToxL cg';f/sf] hg;dy{g kfKt ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . To;sf nflu pGgt r]tgf ePsf, dfS;{n] eg] h:t}– … JolQmut klti7fdf /lQe/ nf]e gePsf a?

To;sf] 3[0ff ug]{Ú ;fDojfbsf] Wo]o a'em]/ To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ c6f]7 af]s]sf g]tfx?sf] kf6L{, rGbf / bnfnLdf ljZjf; gug]{ kf}/vL, :jfledfgL, j}rfl/s Pj+ cg'zfl;t sfo{stf{sf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ agfpg' klxnf] sfo{ef/ xf] . cToGt} hl6n t/ dxfgtd p2]Zo k"/f ug{ cfh b]lvPsf] g]tf / sfo{stf{sf] z}nLn] lsdfy{ ;Dej 5}g . g]kfnL ;dfhsf] kd'v cGt/la/f]w bnfn gf]s/zfxL k"‘hLjfb;‘u 5 / To;sf la?4 xfdf] sfo{lbzfnfO{ nlIft ug]{ xf] eg] ToxL cg';f/sf] j}rfl/s, ;f+u7lgs cfwf/ tof/ kfg'{k5{ . cfly{s ?kfGt/0fsf] sfo{qmd s] xf] < of]hgf s] xf] < sfof{Gjogsf] t/Lsf s] xf] < ;fdGtL ;dfhsf ;fdflhs s'/Lltx?nfO{ x6fpg] sfo{qmd s] xf] < sDo'lgi6 ;+:s[lt s] xf] < To;sf] sfo{qmd s] xf] < dflg; cfkm"nfO{ sDo'lgi6 x'‘ eG5 . g]tf x'‘ eG5 g bz{g a'em]sf] 5 g l;4fGt a'em]sf] 5 .

JolQmut :jfy{sf nflu r/d / cg}lts u'6aGbL u5{, a'h'{jf kf6L{sf] g]tfeGbf c;fdflhs 5, cg}lts 5, ei6 5, t:s/L u5{, bnfnL u5{, ax'lajfx klg u5{, Jolerf/ klg ug{ kl5 kb}{g clg eG5 cfkm"nfO{ sDo'lgi6 † olb a]n}df qmflGtsf sfo{ef/ k"/f ug{ kf6L{nfO{ ;f]xLcg';f/ ;+ul7t, ?kfGtl/t / kl/rflnt ul/Pg eg] xfdL dfS;{jfbaf6 k"/} Dreal x'g] 5f}+ . dfS;{jfb lj1fg xf] o;nfO{ xfdLn] sfof{Gjog u/]gf}+ eg] klg hgtfn] ;w} xfdf] af6f] klv{/xg] 5}gg\ . csf]{ s'g} kf6L{ cfpg] 5 / sfof{Gjog ug]{5 . ;dfhjfb ;fDojfbsf] cfzdf Pp6f g]kfnL k':tfn] cfkm\gf] hLjg ;dlk{t u¥of] . aGb's af]Sof] . cfGbf]ngdf s'b\of] / ;fdGtjfb 9n]sf] 5 . k‘"hLjfbL hgjfbL qmflGt ;kmn ePs} xf] eg] hgtfsf] hLjgdf kl/jt{g rflxof], ;d[l4 rflxof] . hgtf ef]s} 5g\ . cf}iflw gkfP/ csfndf d[To'j/0f ul//x]sf 5g\ . a]/f]huf/ 5g\, csf{sf] b]zdf cdfgjLo hLjg af‘lr/x]sf 5g\ . vf]O{ t oL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] Kofs]h < of] d'n'ssf hgtfsf] cfzf / e/f];f af]s]sf] g]skf Pdfn]n] dxflwj]zgaf6 h'g sfo{ef/ to u/]sf] 5 To;sf] Jofjxfl/s sfof{Gjogsf nflu cufl8 a9f];\ qmflGt . olb b]z hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfbsf] bf];f] r/0fdf 5 eg] lgs6 eljiodf ;dfhjfbdf ;+qmd0f ug]{ g} xf]nf tof/Lsf] z'e;+s]t g} b]lvPsf] 5}g . st} xfdL pN6f] uGtJolt/sf] ofqfdf t 5}gf}+ < hgtfn] z'e;+s]tsf] cg'e"lt ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . hgtfnfO{ kl/jt{gsf] cg'e"lt rflxPsf] 5 . ;dfgtf / ;d[l4 rflxPsf] 5 . ;dfhjfb rflxPsf] 5 .

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(Dec. 3, 2014)

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Ps 3/n] csf]{ 3/df lgu/fgL ug{ h?/L 5 q jL0ff >]i7 dlxnf ljsf; clws[t, dlxnf afnaflnsf sfof{no, bfª

3/ zflGt, ljZj zflGtsf] cfwf/ eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy n} +lus lx+;f lj?4sf] !^ lbg] cleofgsf cj;/df ljleGg ;r] tgfd"ns sfo{qmdx? eO/x] sf 5g\ . gf] e] Da/ @% b] lv l8;] Da/ !) ;Dd rNg] cleofgsf] p2] Zo / lhNnfdf n} +lus lx+;f Go"lgs/0fdf ePsf ultljlwsf ljifodf dlxnf afnaflnsf sfof{no bfªsL kd'v Pj+ dlxnf ljsf; clws[t jL0ff >] i7;“u o'uaf] wsdL{ h] =Pg= ;fu/n] ug'{ePsf] s'/ fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If] k .

– ;Dkfbs s] xf] !^ lbg] cleofg < n} +lus lx+;fla?4sf] cleofg xf] . vf;u/L ;] tf] l/jg cleofgcGtu{ts} cleofgsf ?kdf lnOG5 . !((! df Sofg8faf6 n} +lus lx+;fla?4 k'?ifx?n] g} yfn] sf] cleofg xf] . Toxf“sf Pp6} 3/sf tLg lbbLalxgLdfly ePsf] anfTsf/ / xToflj?4 ToxL lbgsf] ;Demgf ub} { dlxnf lx+;fla?4 cfjfh p7fpg] / n} +lus lx+;f gug] { klta4tf;lxtsf] cfjfh p7fpg] cleofg klg xf] . o;nfO{ xfdLn] n} +lus lx+;f Go"gLs/0fsf nflu ljleGg ;r] tgf km} nfpg] lbj;sf ?kdf lnPsf 5f} + . x'g t jif{el/ g} n} +lus lx+;fla?4 ;r] tgfsf sfo{qmd ;/sf/L tyf u} / ;/sf/L ;+3;+: yfaf6 ePs} 5g\ . To;df klg of] !^ lbg] cleofgdf yk ljz] if sfo{qmd u/] / dflg;x?nfO{ n} +lus ;+j] bgzLntfklt hfu?s agfpg] , ;r] tLs/0f ug] { / ;dudf dlxnf clwsf/sf] kIfdf ultljlw ;~rfng ug] { u/] sf 5f} + . h;n] n} +lus lx+;fdf sdL Nofpg] 5 eGg] xfdf] cfzf klg 5 . cleofgsf qmddf lhNnfdf vf; s] ultljlw ul//xg' ePsf] 5 < xfdLn] @% gf] e] Dj/b] lv cleofgsf] z'?jft ul/;s] sf 5f} + . n} +lus lx+;f la?4sf] ;+of] hg ;ldlt 5 . To;n] pk;ldlt u7g u/L bfªsf ndxL, 3f] / fxL / t'n;Lk'/ If] qel/ ljleGg ;+3;+: yfsf] ;xsfo{df ;r] tgfd"ns sfo{qmd eO/x] sf 5g\ . vf;u/L xfdLn] cleofgsf] !^ lbg;Dd ;a} ljBfnodf kfy{gfsf a] nf % ldg] 6hlt n} +lus lx+;faf/] lzIfsaf6 hfgsf/L u/fpg] sfo{qmd rln/x] sf] 5 . of] sfd lzIff sfof{nodfkm{t ul/Psf] 5 eg] xfdLx?n] klg ¥ofnL, ;ef / n} +lus lx+;fla?4sf krf/ ;fduLsf :6nx? klg kbz{gLdf /fVof} + . To:t} ;DjlGwt ;+: yfx?af6 dfgj j] rljvgla?4 ;r] tgf ug] {, lszf] / L lzIff, afnljjfxla?4sf ;r] tgf, ljZj P8\; lbj;, ckf+u lbj;, To:t} df] 6/;fOsn ¥ofnL u/] sf 5f} + . y'k} ;r] tgfsf sfo{qmd to ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{qmd y'k} x'G5g\ t/ lx+;f a9] sf] a9\o} 5g\ t < xf] . em\jf§ x] bf{ tkfO“n] eg] h:t} lx+;f a9] sf h:t} b] lvG5g\ . t/ xfdf] ljZn] if0f s] xf] eg] of] a9] sf] cj:yf xf] Og, 36\b} u/] sf] cj:yf xf] . lsgeg] ;dfhdf klxn] of] eGbf w] / } lx+;fsf 36gf x'Gy] . t/ u'kr'k /flvGy] . 3/leq} ldnfkq u/fpg] of kx'“rsf cfwf/df l9;ld; u/fOGy] 36gfx? t/ clxn] dflg;x?df r] tgf hfu] sf] 5 . ddfly lx+;f eof] ca Gofosf nflu d aflx/ cfpg'k5{ . kx/Ldf hfg'k5{, jf Gofofno;Dd k'Ug ;S5' eGg] w] / } h;f] gful/sdf r] tgf cfPsf] 5 . h;n] ufp“txdf x'g] w] / } h;f] 36gfx? . aflx/ cfPsf dfq} x'g\ . clxn] t ldl8ofsf] hdfgf 5 . b"/ b/fhdf ePsf] 36gf klg clxn] l5ge/d} ljZjJofkLs/0f x'G5 h;n] lx+;fsf 36gf x\jfQ} a9] sf] h:tf] b] lvG5 . t/ of] a9] sf] xf] Og Go"gLs/0f eO/x] sf] cj:yf xf] . kfoM glhs, lrg] hfg] s} , l5d] sL jf 3/kl/jf/af6} n} +lus lx+;f x“'b} cfPsf] 5 . oL 36gfnfO{ kl/jf/sf] klti7f;“u hf] 8] / 3/leq} ldnfkq u/fpg] rng lyof] klxn] . clxn] of] sd ePsf] 5 . d] / f] 5f] / Lsf] ljx] u/fpg ;d:of xf] nf, abgfd xf] nf eGg] dfgl;stf kl/jf/n] kfn] sf] 5 . bf] ifLnfO{ 5f] 8] / kl/jf/s} ;b:onfO{ kLl8t

agfO/fVg] rng cem} klg 5 . t/ w] / } ;r] t gful/sx?n] kLl8t eP/ xf] Og Gofo vf] Hg'k5{ eg] / p7\g'ePsf] cj:yf 5 . of] ;sf/fTds kIf xf] . a? xfdLn] To:tf kLl8tnfO{ plrt Gofo lbnfpg 3/, kl/jf/, 5/l5d] s, ;/sf/L tyf u} / ;/sf/L ;+3;+: yf, /fhgLlts bn ;a} n] ;xof] u ug'{kg] { a] nf cfPsf] 5 . t/ anfTsf/sf 36gf /f] lsPgg\ t < oL h3Go ck/fw x'g\ . h;n] ;+/ If0f lbg'kg] { xf] pg} cleefjsaf6 Pp6L aRrL anfTs[t x'lG5g\ eg] eGg';\ dlxnf sxf“ ;'/ lIft 5g\ < ToxL eP/ ca Ps 3/n] csf] { 3/nfO{ lgu/fgL ug{ h?/L 5 . Psn] csf] { ;d'bfonfO{ lgu/fgL ug{'kg] {5 eg] Ps JolQmn] csf] { JolQmnfO{ lgu/fgL ug{' h?/L eO;s] sf] 5 . 3/ kl/jf/df klg wDSofP/, k'mNofP/ zf] if0f ul/Psf] kfOPsf] 5 . Tof] cj:yfdf l5d] sL jf kl/jf/sf cGo ;b:ox?n] lgu/fgL ug{ h?/L 5 . cfh p;nfO{ knf{ ef] ln cfkm+} nfO{ Tof] 36gf bf] xf] l/g ;S5 . cfk\mg} ;Gtfg hf] ufpg g;Sg] n] ef] ln tkfO“sf] ;Gtfgdfly b'Jo{jxf/ gunf{ eGg ;lsb} g . o;y{ x/] s JolQm ;hu eP/ nfUg h?/L 5 . bf] ifLnfO{ sf/jfxL gug] { t/ n} +lus lx+;fla?4 ;a} nfUg'k5{ eGg'sf] cy{ xf] nf / < eGg' / af] Ng'sf] cy{ 7"nf] x'G5 . hlt klg bf] ifLnfO{ sf/jfxL ePg, kLl8ts} cufl8 v'n] cfd lx“l8/x] sf 5g\ eGg] u'gf;f] ;'lgG5, tL 36gfdf ;fIfL kdf0fsf] cefjdf To:tf] ePsf] kfOG5 . sfg"gn] ;fIfL, kdf0f vf] H5 t/ cf“v} cufl8 dlxnfdfly b'Jo{jxf/ ug] {nfO{ klg xfdL ls6fg ub} {gf} + . lsgeg] kLl8t dlxnf d] / f] dfG5] xf] Og eGg] efjgf ;a} df 5 . xfdLn] Pp6L dlxnfdfly b'Jo{jxf/ eof] eGg klg ;Sb} gf} + . r'k nfu] / a:5f} + . h;n] kLl8t emg kLl8t x'g] cj:yf 5 . To;} n] slDtdf cfkm"n] b] v] sf] s'/ f eGg ;Sg] , ef] ln ;DjGw lau] nf, cfkmGt xf] cyjf x'g] vfg] xf] ;d:ofdf kfnf{ eGg] s'/ fnfO{ kmfn] / dlxnf klg d h:t} dfG5] xf] eg] / b] v] sf] s'/ f eGg] / ;f“rf] s'/ f af] Ng ;Sg] xf] eg] bf] ifL plDsg kfpb} gg\ . t/ csf{sf] dfldnf xf] eg] / klG5g] afgL xfdf] 5 . To;n] ;d:ofdf kf/] sf] 5 . csf] { s'/ f kLl8tx?df klg ;fIfL kdf0f hf] ufpg'k5{ eGg] 1fgsf] sdL 5 . ca lj:tf/} ;r] tgf km} lnb} 5 . slDtdf ;fIfL kdf0fsf] ;+/ If0f ug{ ;Sof+} eg] bf] ifL pDsg] s'/ } x“'b} g . csf] { s'/ f /fhgLlts / ;fdflhs bafan] klg bf] ifL pDsg] u/] sf 5g\ . /fhgLlts bafa t 5“b} 5 To;df 3/kl/jf/, 5/l5d] sn] klg kL8snfO{ eufpg] , n'sfpg] u/] sf] kfOPsf] 5 . kx/L eujfg t xf] Og bf] ifL sf] xf] eg] / cfkm} lrGg] , bf] ifL g} n'sfOlbPkl5 sf/jfxL s;nfO{ ug] { < ;d:of w] / } 5g\ . oL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;dfh, 5/l5d] s, 3/ kl/jf/nufot ;a} Psh'6 eP/ nfUg'sf] ljsNk 5} g . cfh csf{sf] 3/df 36gf eof] / xfdL r'k nfUof} + ef] ln xfdf] 3/df Tof] 36gf x'“bf c? r'k nfU5g\ . h;n] ;dfhdf n} +lus lx+;f a9\g] / xfdLn] xfdf 5f] / L, r] nL jf cfkm\gf s'g} klg ;GtfgnfO{ ;'/ lIft /fVg ;Sg] 5} gf} + . kLl8tx?nfO{ Gofo kfPsf] dx;'; u/fpg s] ug'{knf{ < bf] ifLdfly sfg'gL sf/jfxL / b08 hl/jfgf x'g ;Sof] eg] Gofosf] dx;'; u/fpg ;lsG5 . t/ Tof] l56f] 5l/tf] x'g'k5{ .

cfhsf] /fzLkmn @)&!.)*.!& ut] a'wjf/ dfu{ zLif{ z'Sn kIf, åfbzL ltly, gIfq clZjgL cfh bfªsf] ;"of]{bo ^M%!M)$, ;"of{:t %M!*M)$

g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ lhNnf zfvf, bfª Hof]= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%!

d]if -r",r],rf],nf,nL,n",n],nf],c_ M tkfO“sf] cfh ;dodf ;'wf/ x'“b} hfg] b]lvG5 . dft[ ;'v / afxg ;'vsf] of]u /fdf] 5 .

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/] ,/f] ,tf,tL,t",t] _ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh kl/jf/ ;'v / Jofj;flos If]qaf6 dgUu] nfe x'g] b]lvG5 .

j[if -O{,pm,P,cf],jf,lj,j",j],jf]_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh st} 6f9f hfg'kg]{ x'g ;S5 . :jf:Yosf nflu ;do Tolt cg's'n b]lvb}g .

j[lZrs -tf],gf,gL,g",g],gf],of,oL,o"_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh wg jf s'g} bJoflb nfe x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s],sf],x_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh afxg v/Lb ljqmLsf] of]u klg /fdf] 5 / cGo cfo cfDbfgL klg /fd} x'g] b]lvG5 .

wg' -o],of],ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e]_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh ljwfsf] ;kmntf sfo{sf] ;kmntf / a'l4 a[l4 x'g] of]u b]lvG5 .

ss{6 -xL,x",x],xf],8f,8L,8",8],8f]_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh sfdsfhsf] If]q /fdf] 5 . lktfhL;“usf] e]63f6 / ;/sf/L If]qsf] cg's"ntf ldNg ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

ds/ -ef],hf,hL,h",h],hf],vf,vL,v",v],vf],uf,uL_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh 3/ u[x:yL ;'v / Oi6ldqsf] ;xof]u /xg] / s'g} If]qdf xfgL klg x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6]_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh efUo / wd{sf] cg's"ntf / dfg;Ddfg kfKt x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

s'De -u",u],uf],;,;L,;',;],;f],b_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh sfo{If]qdf lgs} hf“u/ a9]/ cfpnf . nfe klg xf]nf .

sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf]_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh :jf:Yo If]qdf wgsf] vr{ ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b],bf],rf,rL_ M tkfO“nfO{ cfh wg nfe /Tgflb nfesf] lx;fan] ;don] klv{/x]sf] b]lvG5 .

* /fzLn] h]h:tf] atfPtf klg oxf“x? ;a}sf] ;do ;'vb\ /xf];\ . * ;"of{:tsf] ;dodf klZrdsf] ofqf z'ebfos, nfebfos dflgb}g .

…efUo eGbf sd{df ljZjf; u/f}Ú+

t/ kLl8tx? cfpg] ;/sf/L ;] jf s] Gb aGbsf] aGb} x'G5g\ eGg] ;'lgG5 s;/L Gofo kfpnfg\ t < To;f] xf] Og . ufdL0f If] qdf ;~rfng ePsf ;/sf/L ;] jf s] Gbx? ;w} + v'nf 5g\ . ;a} sf] ;] jf Ps} gf;sf] gePsf] xf] nf, t/ v'Nb} gv'Ng] eGg] rflx“ 5} g . xfdLn] ;] jf s] Gb JolQmsf] lhDdfdf xf] Og ;+: yfsf] lhDdfdf nufPsf 5f} + . t;y{ ;+: yfn] ;] jf s] Gb v'nf /fv] sf 5g\ . kLl8tsf] ;] jfdf nflu/x] sf 5g\ . st} –st} ;'/ Iffsf] b[li6n] ;] jf s] Gb ;'/ lIft gePsf] x'“bf ;+: yfsf cWoIf cfkm} n] cfkm\gf] 3/df ;] jf s] Gb ;~rfng ug'{ePsf] 5 . h;n] b"/ Lsf] lx;fan] kfos gkg{ klg ;S5 . t/ v'Nb} gv'Ng] jf ;] jf g} kfOPg eGg] rflx“ xf] Og . xfdL lg/Gt/ lgu/fgLdf 5f} + . ufp“: t/ x'g\ jf lhNnf :t/sf] ;] jf s] Gb kLl8tsf] kIfdf, ;] jfdf lg/Gt/ nfu] sf 5g\ . ufp“: t/sf ;] jf s] Gbn] a9Ldf @÷# lbg;Dd /fV5g\ . s] ; x] / ] / sfd u/] sf 5g . ;] jf s] Gbx? klg kLl8td} qL 5} gg\ lsg < s'g lx;fjn] kLl8td} qL ePgg\ elgPsf] xf] . t/ xfdLn] ;s] sf] ;] jf lbPsf 5f+} . ha kLl8t ;] jfs] Gbdf k'lU5g\ pgLx?sf] ;Dk"0f{ lhDdf ;] jf s] Gbs} x'G5 . vfg] , a:g] , cf} iflw pkrf/, ;'/ Iffnufotsf ;] jf xfdLn] lbg'k5{ . lhDd] jf/L klg xf] . ef] ln s] xL ;d:of k¥of] eg] ;] jf s] Gb hjfkmb] xL x'g'k5{ . t;y{ xfdLn] ah] 6n] EofP;Dd, ;f] t;fwgn] EofP;Ddsf] ;] jf lbPs} 5f+} . !! j6} ;] jf s] Gbdf sfplG;lnªsf] tflnd lbPsf 5f} + . To:tf] ;d:of 5} g . k'g:yf{kgfdf klg pNn] vgLo sfo{ ePgg\ ls < of] klg ;f] t ;fwgn] EofP;Dd ug] { xf] . ;xof] uL ;+3;+: yfx?n] klg u/] sf 5g\ . s:tf] k'g:yf{kgf ug] { eGg] s'/ f xf] . xfdLn] t klxnf] kfyldstf kLl8tnfO{ kl/jf/d} k'g:yf{kgfsf] kof; u/] sf 5f} + . k'?ifx?nfO{ af] nfP/ 5nkmn u/fP/ ;j} eGbf klxn] kl/jf/d} k'g:yf{kgfsf] kof; ePsf 5g . t/ kl/jf/df k'g:yf{kgf ug{ ;lsPg, ;d:of eof] eg] xfdLn] kLl8tnfO{ cfocfh{g u/] / hLljsf] kfh{g ug] { Joj:yf klg ldnfPsf 5f+} . lx+;f kLl8tx?nfO{ cf] / ] sdfkm{t xf] lhof/L tflnd lbP/ Joj;folt/ nufp“b} 5f+} . cfly{s ;xof] u ug] { 7fp“df ul/Psf] klg 5 . xfdL;“u} n} +lus lx+;f lgjf/0f sf] if klg 5 . sf] ifdfkm{t kLl8tnfO{ cfjZos ;xof] u klg u/] sf 5f} + . pxf“x?nfO{ ;Lk l;sfP/ cfTdlge{/ agfpg] sfd klg u/] sf 5f} + . ljleGg sdLsdhf] / L xf] nfg\ klg t/ kof; g} gePsf xf] Ogg\ . sf] if kl/rfng ug'{ efÚ5 t/ em~eml6nf] ePg / < ;d:of 5g\ . xfdLn] sfd ug] { eg] sf] ;/sf/L lgodleq} /x] / xf] . lx+;f kLl8tx?nfO{ lbOg] /sd aLpm k"“hLsf ?kdf kl/rfng ug] { elgPsf] 5 . t/ lkmtf{ ug] { gug] { s] xL pNn] v ul/Psf] 5} g . oBlk aLpm k"“hL /sd lglZrt cjlwkl5 lkmtf{ ug'{kg] { aLpmk"“hLsf] lgodn] eG5 . o:tf ;d:ofsf sf/0fn] hlt ;xh t/Lsfn] kl/rfng ug'{kg] { xf] Tof] x'g g;s] s} xf] . xfdLn] lgod ;+zf] wgsf nflu k7fPsf klg 5f+} . csf] { s'/ f kLl8tn] lgj] bg g} glbP/ /sd lbg] s'/ f g} ePg . kx/L 5, Psåf/ ;+s6 Joj:yfkg k0ffnL 5 . oL ;+oGqdfkm{t cfp“bf /sd kl/rfngdf Tolt ;d:of 5} g .

kfgL===

;/sf/L ;+oGq cln l9nf 5, lx+;f kLl8tnfO{ lbOg] ;] jf kefjsf/L agfpg s] ug'{knf{ < cGoq eGbf bfªdf w] / } /fdf] Joj:yf 5 . ;/sf/Lb] lv u} / ;/sf/L ;+3;+: yfx?n] klg /fdf] sfd ug'{ePsf] 5 . w] / } h;f] ;+/ rgf lgdf{0f eO;s] sf 5g\ . ;/sf/L :t/af6} ;] jf s] Gbsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf 5g\ . kx/Ldf dlxnf ;] n :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 eg] c:ktfndf Psåf/ ;+s6 Joj:yfkg k0ffnL nfu' ul/Psf] 5 . olt x'“bfx'“b} klg oL ;+/ rgfx?df d] gkfj/sf] vf“rf] 5 . kx/Lsf] dlxnf ;] ndf slDtdf clws[t:t/sf] dlxnf kx/Lsf] b/aGbL cfjZos 5 h;n] sltko s] ;df tTsfn lg0f{o u/fpg ;lhnf] x'G5 . To:t} ;] jf s] Gb c;'/ lIft 5g\ . ;'/ Iffsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsof] eg] /fdf] x'GYof] / cf] ;LPd;Ldf klg :yfoL sd{rf/L eOlbP /fdf] x'g] lyof] . xfdf] df x'g'x'G5 . t/ ;?jf x'g] lalQs} ;d:of cfpg] b] lvG5 . t;y{ cf] l;Pd;Ls} nflu :yfoL sd{rf/L eP /fdf] x'GYof] . To;} u/L ;/sf/L ;] jf s] Gb cg'bfgdf rln/x] sf 5g\ . uflj;:t/df ;~rfng ePsf ;] jfs] GbnfO{ uflj;af6} ah] 6sf] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ h:tf] nfU5 . csf] { s'/ f xfdLn] ufp“: t/df lgu/fgL ;d"x agfPsf 5f+} . lgu/fgL ;d"xdfkm{t klg sfd eO/x] sf] 5 . To;} nfO{ kl/rfng ug{ ;lsof] eg] /fdf] xf] nf . cfk} mn] agfPsf lgu/fgL ;d"x, ;xsf/L ;+: yfafx] s c?nfO{ lrGg'x“'b} g km] l/ tkfO“x?n] < To;f] xf] Og . t/ tL ;+oGqx?df nufgL eO;s] sf] 5 / Toxf“ ;dfhdf ;j} eGbf lk5l8Psf dfG5] x? klg 5g\ .

To;sf/0fn] ltgLx?nfO{ kfyldstf lbOPsf] xf] nf . t/ c?nfO{ x] b} { gx] g] { eGg] xf] Og . sltko sfo{qmd xfd} dftxtdf :yfkgf ePsf ;xsf/LnfO{ eg] / tf] lsPsf] cj:yf 5 . oL ;xsf/Lsf] :yfkgf w] / } klxn] ul/Psf] xf] . Toxf“ ;/sf/L nufgL klg w] / } nfu] sf] 5 . clxn] kf] dflg;x?df r] tgf cfof] . 6f7faf7fx? w] / } eP/ ;xsf/L vf] n] sf 5g\ . t/ Tolta] nf t wf} wf} lgdf{0f ul/Psf ;xsf/L x'g\ . t;y{ pgLx?nfO{ ;zlQms/0f ug] {, art ug{ l;sfpg] , ;Lk l;sfpg] sfd ul/Psfn] ca pgLx?nfO{ Joj;foLs/0f ug] {tkm{ xfdL nfu] sf 5f} + . of] xf] Og ls oL ;xsf/L dfq} cl3 a9"g\ . t/ kfyldstfdf log} k5{g\ . lsgls ;dfhdf lk5l8Psfx?df g} n} +lus lx+;f a9L x'g] u/] sf] 5 . kl/jf/af6 klg To:t} lx+;f ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/L of] hgf s] xf] eg] pgLx?nfO{ ;kmn / ;Ifd g] t[Tjstf{sf ?kdf pEofpg] h;n] ;dfhdf x'g] x/] s ljs[ltla?4, lx+;fla?4 plqg ;s"g\ . cGTodf s] xL < 3/ zflGt g} ljZj zflGtsf] cfwf/ eGg] gf/f;lxt n} +lus lx+;fla?4sf] !^ lbg] cleofg rln/x] sf] 5 . !^ lbgdfq geO{ jif} {el/ n+} lus lx+;fla?4 nfUg'kg] { ePsf] 5 .

Tof] klg ;/sf/L kIfdfq} xf] Og, u} / ;/sf/L ;+3;+: yfdfq} klg xf] Og cfd gful/s lx+;fla?4 plqg' kg] {5 . PSn} n] s'g} klg sfd ;Dej x'‘b} g . ;fd"lxs kof;af6 ug{ g;lsg] sfd ug{ ;lsG5 . To;} n] cf–cfkmgf] 7fp“af6 x'g] sfddf nfUg'k5{ . kLl8tn] Gofo kfpg'k¥of] eg] kL8snfO{ sf/jfxL x'g'k¥of] . oL b'a} sfo{df hf] hxf“ 5 ToxL+af6 ;lsg] ;xof] u / klta4tf lbg tof/ x'g'k¥of] . Tof] sfdsf] z'?jft 3/–3/af6} , JolQm– JolQmaf6} x'g'k¥of] .

5g\ .

;f] ljBfnodf zf} rfno eP klg kfgLs} sf/0f ljBfyL{x? kof] u ug{af6 al~rt ePsf 5g\ . ljBfnodf cWofkg/t lzIfsx?n] eg] cfkm} n] kfgL

af] s] / rkL{sf] kof] u ug] { u/] sf 5g\ . :yfgLo sf] Kr] vf] nfaf6 kfgL Nofpgsf nflu kfOk NofP/ klg cfjZos of] hgf lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjogsf] cefjdf tL kfOk cnkq k/] sf

lzjd\ cf/f] Uo s] Gb 8f= lk=Pg= emf=åf/f ;~rflnt lzjd\ cf/f] Uo s] Gbdf ca yk pTs[i6 ;] jf ;'ljwfsf ;fy kTo] s lbg lj/fdL r] shf“Fr eO/x] sf] hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

8f= åf/f lbOg] ;] jfx? M k'?if M ln+u pQ] hgf gx'g] , s8fkg gx'g] , zlQmdf sdL, zL3 :vngsf] ;d:of, of} g ;Dks{af6 ;g] { ;+qmldt of} g /f] ux?sf] ;kmn pkrf/ . dlxnf M dlxgfjf/Ldf ;d:of, ;] tf] kfgL aUg] , of] gL lrnfpg] , tNnf] k] 6 b'Vg] , 9f8 b'Vg] , of} g OR5fdf sdL, of] gL ;'Vvf x'g] cflb .

5fnf M 8l08kmf] / , cg'xf/sf] rfof kf] tf] , ;] tf] b'jL, bfb, 3fp, vl6/f tyf 5fnfhGo ;Dk"0f{ /f] usf] ;kmn pkrf/ . lgM;Gtfgkg M dlxnf–k'?ifdf x'g] lgM;Gtfgkg ;d:ofsf] ;kmn pkrf/ . cGo /f] ux? M Uofli6«s, kfoN;, ;'u/, k] ;/, bd, jfy tyf g;f;DaGwL /f] u, dfgl;s /f] ux?, lbdfusf] af] wf] kg, g} / fZotf, clgbf, lrGtf, 8/, eo, qf;, xfO8«f] l;n, xlg{of, b'Anf] kg, df] 6f] kg, hl08; cflbsf] ;kmn pkrf/ . lj/fdL r] shf“r ug] { ;do M ;Dks{ kmf] g g+= M kmf] gaf6 klg gfd ljxfg & ah] b] lv ^ ah] ;Dd (*$$!!*)!(, (*)^@@%!&() btf{ ug{ ;lsG5 .

xfdf ;] jfx? M l ljz] if1 8fS6/åf/f kTo] s lbg lj/fdL r] shfFr

l pTs[i6 Kofyf] nf] hL Nofj l kmfd] {;L

lzjd\ cf/f] Uo s] Gb

;Dks{ M 3f] / fxL, bfª -t'n;Lk'/ rf] sb] lv !)) ld= klZrd b] p/fnL bf] xf] / L ;fFemsf] bf] ;f] tNnfdf_

ljBfno :yfkgf ePsf] cf7 jif{ a9L lalt;Sbf;d] t vfg] kfgLsf] plrt Joj:yf

gx'“bf ljBfnosf] lgoldt ;/;kmfO, cltl/lQm lqmofsnfkx? ;rfngdf ;d] t ;d:of x'g] u/] sf] 5 .

;]S;f]nf]lhi6 8f= la=s]= ld>f 3f]/fxL, bfªdf /fKtL c~rnsf] Psdfq ;]S;f]nf]lhi6 8fS6;{ lSnlgsdf wgjGt/L cfo''j]{b xl:k6n P08 l/;r{ ;]G6/ kf=ln= sf7df7f}+sf / rlr{t 6]lnlehg sfo{qmd /ft k/]kl5sf of}g k/fdz{bftf jl/i7 ;]S;f]nf]lhi6 tyf ;]S;f];fOsf]lhi6 8f= la=s]=ld>fåf/f oxL d+l;/ @! ut] cfOtaf/sf lbg :jf:Yo kl/If0f ul/g] x'b“ f of}gnufot dfgl;s ;d:of ePsf lj/fdLx?n] ;ddo} cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ u/fO{ ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'xf];\ / cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf]; . tkfO“x?n] kfpg] ;]jfx? M k'?ifdf b]lvg] M zL3 ktg, of}g ;Gt'li6 gx'g], of}g rfxgf gx'g], ln+u pQ]hgf gx'g], ln+u lrnfpg], :jKg bf]if, ;?jf of}g/f]usf ;fy} pd]/ cg';f/sf] of}g c+usf] ljsf; gx'g' . dlxnfdf b]lvg] M ;]tf] kfgL aUg], of]gL lrnfpg], dlxgfjf/L u8a8L, tNnf]k]6 b'Vg], of}g ;Gt'li6df sdL ePsf] dx;'; x'g], kf7]3/;DaGwL ;d:of, of}g c+usf] ljsf; gx'g' . dfgl;s M dfgl;s 8/, eo, lbdfusf] af]wf]kg, lg/fzf, lvGgtf, clgbf . lg;Gtfgkg M dlxnf tyf k'?ifdf x'g] af“emf]kg -lg;Gtfg_ sf] uf]klgotfsf ;fy ljz]if k/fdz{ tyf pkrf/ . kmf]gaf6 klg gfd lj/fdL hf“Rg] ldlt tyf ;do M oxL d+l;/ @! ut] cfO{taf/ ljxfg ( ah]b]lv % ah];Dd . btf{ ug{ ;lsG5 .

;fy} kTo]s lbg 8fS6/ kljg emfåf/f lj/fdL r]shf“r ul/G5 .

;Dks{ M dftf dgsfdgf cf/f]Uo s]Gb lxdfno a}+s;Fu} Go'/f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g M )*@–%^@(*#, df]= (*$&*&&!!$

o'uaf]w O{–k]k/df x]g'{xf];\ . http://issuu.com/yougbodh

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@)&! ;fn d+l;/ !& ut] a'wjf/

(Dec. 3, 2014)

www.nayayougbodh.com

e"ldxLgx?nfO{ kfyldstf lbg cfof]u;Fu dfu q

gf/fo0f ljjz

nf} nLugf/ -t'n;Lk'/ _, !^ d+l;/ . ;'s'Daf;L cfof] un] e"ldxLgx?nfO{ kfyldstf lbO{ hUufsf] :jfldTj x:tfGt/0f ug'{kg] { dfu nf} nLugf/sf e"ldxLgx?n] u/] sf 5g\ . t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ^ nf} nLugf/sf] P] nfgL hUufdf a:b} cfPsf ## 3/ e"ldxLgx?sf] 3/df @)^* d+l;/ * ut] 6l/ufp‘ ufp‘ ljsf; ;ldltsf ;fdGtx?sf] Ps ;d"xn] Toxf‘sf ;'s'Daf;Lsf] 3/df cfuf] nufO{ Wj:t agfOlbPsf lyP . pgLx?n] cfuf] dfq nufPgg\ cfuf] n] ;vfk kfg{ g;s] sf 3/x? 8f] h/ nufP/ eTsfO lbPsf] kLl8tx? atfp“5g\ .

Tolta] nfsf] sxfnLnfUbf] b[ion] tf/f k;fb kl/of/sf !# jifL{o 5f] / f ;'zLn kl/of/sf] dfgl;s ;Gt'ng g} u'd] sf] lyof] . jL/ l;+x lh;LsL ( dlxg] 5f] / L 3/leq ;'lt/x] sf] a] nf 3/df cfuf] nufOof] , jL/l;+x 3/df k:g yfn] Tolta] nf km6fxfx?n] 3/leq ghf eGb} nf7Ln] xfg] t/ lj/l;+x cfuf] sf] d': nf] ;‘u} leq k;] / 5f] / LnfO{ aflx/ NofO{ 5f8] . 3/df cfuf] gnufpm eGb} xf/u'xf/ u/] sL a[4f cgGtL ljsnfO{ km6fxfx?n] tnfO‘ klg hnfpg'k5{ eGb} cfuf] lt/ ws] lnlbPsf] kL8f cgGtL;‘u cem} 5 . cfuf] nufp“bf klg lrQ ga'em] / 8f] h/ nufOlbPkl5 ## 3/sf] ! s/f] 8 a/fa/sf] wg;DklQ Wj:t ePsf] lyof] . …kLl8tx? eG5g\– …hLjgdf o:tf] b] lvPsf] klg lyPg cfkm} n] ef] Ug' k¥of] .Ú …hUuf dx] Gb dfWolds ljBfnosf] xf] . of] 6l/ufp‘ ufp‘ ljsf; ;ldltdf k5{ eg] / 6l/ufp‘af;L ;fdGtx?n] To:tf] ljlw ljWj+z u/] klg hUuf t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ^ leqsf] lyof] . s'/ } ga'emL pgLx?n] ljt08f dRrfP . g of] 6l/ufp‘sf] hUuf xf] g ljBfnosf] .

of] t t'n;Lk'/ –^ sf] z'4 * g+= P] nfgL ktL{ hUuf xf] Ú– e"ld clwsf/sdL{ zfGtf ljsn] eGg'eof] . nf} nLugf/sf tf/fk;fb kl/of/ eGg'x'G5– …xfdf] s/f] 8f+} sf] Iflt eof] .

Ifltk"lt{sf nflu gu/kflnsfsf] l;kmfl/;;lxt lhNnf kzf;gdf uOof] t/ xfdf] Ifltk"lt{ st} af6 ePg .Ú …cfuf] nufOPkl5 lhNnf kzf;gdf 5nkmn eof] / km] l/ klg ToxL+ 3/ xfn] / a:g] ;xdlt ePkl5 km] l/ a:b} cfPsf 5f} +Ú– kl/of/n] eGg'eof] . kLl8t cd[tf ljsn] eGg'eof] – …b] zel/sf e"ldxLgdWo] xfdL hlt kLl8t sf] xL 5} g . cfuf] nufP/ klg lrQ ga'emL 8f] h/ nufOof] . d] / f] ^ nfv a/fa/sf] wg;DklQ gi6 eof] . g Iflt k"lt{ kfOof] g s'g} Gofo lg;fkm eof] .Ú pxf“n] cufl8 eGg'eof] – …;'s'Daf;L cfof] un] 5fgljg ubf{ xfdf] lgj] bgnfO{ kfyldstf lbg'k5{ . s;n] slt kL8f ef] u] sf] 5 Tof] klg cWoog ug'{k5{ . cfof] usf cWoIf;lxt kbflwsf/L cfP/ xfdf kL8f ;'Gg'k5{ / oxf“sf] ef} lts ;+/ rgf x] g'{k5{ .Ú

jnLsf] lgwgklt b'Mv JoQm t'n;Lk'/ , !^ dl;+/ -o';_– khftflGqs pBf] uL Joj;foL ;+3 t'n;LKf'/ n] t'n;LKf'/ If] qsf pBf] uL, Aofkf/L Pj+ ;+3sf ;b:o b'uf{axfb'/ jnLsf Ho] i7 ;'k'q df] xg jnLsf] em08} b'O jif{ cufl8

/f] huf/Lsf] l;nl;nfdf cd] l/sfdf /x“b} cfpg' ePsf] df @)&! ;fn d+l;/ !$ ut] lgwg ePsf] df b'Mv ks6 u/] sf] 5 . cWoIf hgs v/fn / ;lrj l8NnL jnLsf]

u'0f:t/Lo kfgL / e/kbf]{ ;]jf uf}td hn;]jf

;RofOPsf]

t'n;Lk'/ ;Dks{ M s'naxfb'/ e08f/L (*%&*#)($$, )*@–%@@&&* 3f]/fxL ;Dks{ M lvdaxfb'/ b]jsf]6f (*$&*@)@#&, )*@–%^)@!$

;'/lIft s'v/' f tyf bfgf Joj;foL ;ldlt 3f]/fxL, bfª cfhsf] s'v/' f / df;'sf] d"No;"rL

@)&! d+l;/ !% ut] ksflzt ;G8axfb'/ 3tL{ du/ -l;p/L–*, /f]Nkf_ sf] /fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgfdf gfd ;G8axfb'/ 3tL{ du/ x'g'kg]{df cGoyf ePsf]n] ;RofOPsf] 5 .

– lj1fkg zfvf

af]On/ df;' klt s] =hL=

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lhpFbf] af] On/ v/ Lb d"No

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3f] / fxL–!) uf} tdgu/ 6f] n lgdfxn /f] 8 z+s/ d] l8sn cufl8 kmf] = )*@–%^@#*!

z'4 kfgL rflxPdf

3/ hUuf laqmLdf

e08f/L jf6/ ;Knfo;{

lkpg] / 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu 7"nf] 6\of+s/ ePsf] , #)) lkm6 ulx/fOaf6 af]l/ª ul/Psf] z'4 lkpg] kfgL pknAw 5 . ;Dks{ : yfgM )*@–%^##(#, (*!***%(&#

3f] / fxL–* -gofF a;kfs{b] lv klZrd_ bfª

klt s] =hL= ?= !().–

EofnL km]; xfp;

3f] / fxL Aof/ ] ssf] k"j{tkm{ / x] sf] ! s6\7f !& w'/ 3/ hUuf laqmLdf 5 . ;Dks{ M dw'afa' M (*$&(^@&$*

jL/l;+x, s'naxfb'/ , tf/f kl/of/nufot clxn] Toxf‘sf ## 3/ kl/jf/sf] Pp6} cfjfh 5– c? e"ldxLgx?sf] ju{df cfkm"x"?nfO{{ kfl/g'x'Gg x'Gg . clwsf/sdL{x?n] klg kxn ul/lbg'k¥of] . ;'s'Daf;L cfof] u l5§} lj36g x'g] k/Dk/f b] Vb} cfPsf tf/fk;fbn] eGg'eof] – …klxn] h:tf] sfd k"/ f ug{ gkfp“b} of] cfof] u lj36g gxf] ;\ .Ú nf} nLugf/ ufp‘ e"ld clwsf/ d~rn] ;f] djf/ cGtlq{mof sfo{qmd u/L nf} nLugf/sf] ljWj+zsf/L 36gf / e"ldxLgx?sf] jt{dfg cj:yfsf ljifodf 5nkmn rnfPsf] lyof] . cGtlqm{ofdf af] Nb} kd'v cltly e"ld clwsf/ d~rsf cWoIf lgd{nf ljsn] nf} nLugf/sf kLl8t e"ldxLgx?sf] t'ngf s;} ;‘u ug{ g;lsg] / oxf“sf e"ldxLgx?sf] ;d:ofklt cfkm" ;+j] bgzLn ePsf] atfpg'eof] . o:tf 7fp‘x? kToIf cg'udg ug{ klg cfkm"n] cfof] usf cWoIf;dIf s'/ f /fVg] cWoIf ljsn] ljZjf; lbnfpg'{eof] .

x:tfIf/df d+unjf/ hf/L ul/Psf] lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5– …d[Tfssf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub} { zf] s;GtKt kl/jf/hgklt w} o{ wf/0f ug] { zlQm ldnf] ;\ eGg]

sfdgf ub{5f} + .Ú lj1lKtdf d[To'sf] oyfYf{ sf/0f kQf nufO lghsf] kfyL{j z/L/ oyfzL3 :jb] z Nofpg] klqmof ldnfOlbg g] kfn ;/sf/;“u dfu;d]t ul/Psf] 5 .

3f]/fxL gu/kflnsf sfof{no bfªsf] gS;f kf;;DjGwL ;"rgf †

bfª ;f}+l8of/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ! a:g] dfwj kf08]n] d] / f] gfddf btf{ >] : tf ePsf] ;flas 3f] / fxL $ s -xfn 3f] / fxL gu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !!_ ls=g+= %%!@ a=ld= !@)=)) hUufdf 3/ lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{sf nflu 3/sf] gS;fkf; Ohfht kfpF egL ldlt @)&!.)&.!! df gS;f;lxt lgj]bg k]z ug'{ePsf] 5 . ;f] cg';f/ 3/gS;f kf; Ohfht pknAw u/fpg cfjZos klqmof k"/f u/L ldlt @)&!.)*.!^ ut]sf lbg :ynut ;/hldg ubf{ k"j{tkm{sf ;Flwof/ 6Lsf/fd Gof}kfg] / klZrdtkm{sf ;Flwof/ 6+sk;fb Gof}kfg] t'n;Lk'/ a:g] ePsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ lkmN8df pkl:yt gx'g'ePsf]n] gS;fkf; sfo{ /f]lsg uPsf] 5 . olb sf] xL s;} sf] bfaL lj/f]w eP of] ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% -kGw_ lbgleq cfk\mgf] ;a't kdf0f;lxt o; sfof{nodf lnlvt lgj]bg lbg'xf] nf cGoyf : yfgLo : jfoQ zf;g P] g @)%% tyf :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g lgodfjnL @)%^ adf] lhd lghsf gfddf 3/ gS;fkf; eOhfg] x'Fbf ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! sflt{s !^ ut] ld?naf6 lnjfªtkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M k~rdfg /f]sf du/ /fxbfgL g+= M )^)@%$@$ 7] ufgf M ld?n–%, /f]Nkf ;Dks{ M (&$*%%*$^#

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! efb ! ut] afUb'nfaf6 vn+uftkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M dLgaxfb'/ dxt/f /fxbfgL g+= M $#@!)^# 7] ufgf M afbLsf]6 uf=lj=;=–@, Ko'7fg

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! sflt{s !* ut] t'n;Lk'/af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M :jutjL/ rf}w/L /fxbfgL g+= M $!%^(!!

7] ufgf M 8'?jf–(, bfª ;Dks{ M (*)(&!@^*%

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! sflt{s !) ut] ;]jf/af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M lai0f' a:g]t /fxbfgL g+= M #%)!#)( 7] ufgf M 3f]/fxL g=kf=–*, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$&(&%(#&

d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! sflt{s !% ut] af3df/]af6 t'n;Lk'/tkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M x'daxfb'/ lj=s= /fxbfgL g+= M $)@@(&$ 7] ufgf M af3df/]–*, bfª ;Dks{ M (*%&*@!#^*

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! sflt{s !) ut] h:k'/af6 t'n;Lk'/tkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M af;'b]j a:g]t /fxbfgL g+= M #)&&)^* 7] ufgf M p/x/L–%, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$&*@#%&^

d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! sflt{s !% ut] 3f]/fxLaf6 g]kfnu~htkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M dgf]h /f]sf du/ /fxbfgL g+= M @#(#$!$ 7] ufgf M 3f]/fxL g=kf=–*, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$&*&)%^^

;dfrf/

bfªsf vf]nfdf 9'+ufhGo j:t'sf] cg'udg nG8gdf ckmuflg:tfg ;Dd]ng x'“Fb}

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf

t'n;Lk'/ , !^ d+l;/ . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt bfªn] vf] nfx?df cg'udg ug{ yfn] sf] 5 . nfdf] ;dob] lv aGb ePsf] 9'+ufhGo a:t'sf] lgsf;L vf] n] ;“u} lhNnfsf vf] nfx?df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] cg'udg ug{ yfn] sf] xf] . ;f] xLcGtu{t d+unjf/ lhNnfsf] k"jL{ If] q b] pv'/ L / klZrdL If] q t'n;Lk'/ df /x] sf Ps bh{gvf] nfdf cg'udg ul/Psf] xf] . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] cfof] hgfdf ;j{bnLo ;j{kIfLo cg'udg ul/Psf] xf] . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf gf;' 6] s axfb'/ v8\ sfsf] g] t[Tjdf uPsf] 6f] nLn] ;b/d'sfdb] lv klZrddf kg{] Ujf/vf] nf, sfnfvf] nf, kft'vf] nfsf] 6l/ufp“, dfgk'/ , x] s'nL, p/x/Lnufotsf vf] nf If] qdf cg'udg ul/Psf] cg'udgdf;+nUg /fkkfsf kltlglw a+zLs'df/ zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ vf] nfx?df

9'+ufhGo a:t'sf] cj:yf ;fdfGo /x] sf] / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ s/ lt/] / s] xL oftfoftsf ;fwgaf6 9'ufhGo a:t' lgsf;L eO/x] sf] atfpg'eof] . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] 9'+ufhGo a:t' lgsf;Lsf nflu 6] 08/ kmf/fd laqmL ul//x] sf] / s] xL lbgdf 6] 08/ v'Ng] lhlj;sf ;"rgf clws[ts[i0f s] ;Ln] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] vf] nfx?sf] cj:yf a'em\g lhlj;n] ;j{kIfLo ;j{bnLo cg'udg 6f] nL agfP/ cg'udg ul/Psf] atfpg'eof] . …b'O{j6f 6f] nL agfP/ cg'udg ul//x] sf 5f} +Ú– s] ;Ln] eGg'eof] – …d'Vo p2] Zo eg] sf] vf] nfsf] cj:yf a'emg' g} xf] .Ú cg'udg ;ldltdf g] kfnL sf+u];sf ;efklt 3gZofd /]UdL, /fkkfsf a+zLs'df/zdf{, dfn]sf g]qksfz kf08], ;b\efjgfsf cf]dksf; u'Ktf, g]skf PsLs[tsf t'n;f s];L, g]skf–dfcf]jfbLsf df]xg g]kfnLnufotsf] ;xeflutf lyof] .

rLgaf6 bz xhf/ ufO{ Nofpg] kof; o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf sf7df8f} +, !^ d+l;/ . b} lgs Ps nfv %) xhf/ ln6/ b"wsf] cefjnfO{ ;Daf] wg ug{ ;/sf/n] rLgaf6 pGgt hftsf !) xhf/ ufO{ Nofpg] kof; hf/L /fv] sf] 5 . ef/taf6 ;f] xL ;+Vofdf pGgt hftsf ufO{ Nofpg kfljlws sl7gfO ePkl5 ;/sf/n] rLgaf6 Nofpg] klqmof cl3 a9fPsf] xf] . rLgsf s[lif ;lrj j] O rfjg g] t[Tjsf] ;ft ;b:oLo kltlglwd08n;“u ;f] djf/ klxnf] r/0fsf] jftf{ u/] kl5 s[lif ljsf;dGqL xl/k;fb k/fh'nLn] d+unjf/ ;+lIfKt s'/ f ub} { rLg;“u s[lif, kz'kfngnufot kf/:kl/s nfesf If] qdf ;xsfo{ ug{ ;/sf/ klta4 /x] sf]

atfpg'eof] . l r l g o f “ kltlglwd08n;“usf] jftf{ ;sf/fTds /x] sf] hfgsf/L lb“b} pxf“n] rLgaf6 !) xhf/ ufO{ Nofpg] klqmof lg/Gt/ hf/L /xg] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …rLgsf] s] GbLo ;/sf/;“u oxf“l:yt /fhb"tfjf;dfkm{t ufO{ Nofpg] kof; hf/L /fV5f} + .Ú rLgsf] l;r'jfg kfGtaf6 ufO{ Nofpg] klqmof cl3 a9fOPsf] hfgsf/L lb“b} pxf“n] ;f] daf/sf] jftf{df pRr hftsf /] zd, wfg / pv'sf aLpm kbfg ug{ lrlgof“ kIf ;sf/fTds /x] sf] atfpg'eof] . rLgaf6 g] kfnsf nflu cy{k"0f{ Pj+ kltkmn kbfg ug] { s[lif kl/of] hgfdf ;xof] u h'6fpg cfkm" nfluk/] sf] klg dGqL k/fh'nLn] atfpg'eof] .

O:nfdfjfb, !^ d+l;/ . kfls:tfgL kwfgdGqL gjfh zl/km ckmuflg:tfgsf] af/] df x'g nfu] sf] nG8g ;Dd] ngdf ;xefuL x'g'x'g] ePsf] 5 . ;f] a} 7sdf ;xeflutfsf nflu pxf“ a] nfot hfg nfUg'ePsf] kfls:tfgL ljb] zdGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . a] nfotL kwfgdGqL 8] le8 Sofd?gn] kfls:tfgL kwfgdGqL zl/kmnfO{ ut cS6f] a/ @* df g} 6] lnkmf] g u/L lgdGq0ff lbg'ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . ckmuflg:tfgsf af/] df a'waf/b] lv b'O{ lbg;Dd nG8gdf ;Dd] ng x'g nfu] sf] xf] . ;f] ;Dd] ngsf] cfof] hs /fi6« a] nfot xf] . ;f] ;Dd] ngdf ckmuflg:tfgsf /fi6«klt c;/km 3fgL klg ;xefuL x'g'x'g] 5 . ;f] ;Dd] ngdf ;xeflutfsf nflu ckmuflg:tfgsf] ;/sf/sf sfo{sf/L kd'v cAb'Nnfx cAb'Nnfx klg hfg'x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . ;f] ;Dd] ngdf ljZjsf %) b] zsf] ;xeflutf /xg] 5 . ;fy} lx+;fsf] rk] 6fdf /x] sf] ckmuflg:tfgnfO{ ljutb] lv ;xof] u ub{} cfPsf ljleGg !% j6f bft[ ;+: yf klg ;f] ;Dd] ngdf ;xefuL x'“b} 5g\ . ckmuflg: tfgnfO{ cfly{s / ljsf;sf If] qdf ;xof] u k'¥ofp“b} cfPsf tL /fi6« / lgsfon] cfufdL lbgdf klg ckmuflg:tfgnfO{ s] s:tf] dfqfdf ;xof] u k'¥ofpg] eGg] af/] df ;f] ;Dd] ngdf 5nkmn x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . ckmuflg:tfgdf !) jif{eGbf nfdf] ;dob] lv g] 6f]

;dj]bgf

hGd M @)!(.!).@) d[To' M @)&!.)*.!@

o; hgefjgf Oª\ln; af]l8{ª :s'nsf lklG;knsf k'hgLo sfG5f a'jf xnjf/–! a'9fufpF lgjf;L z]/axfb'/ hL=;L=sf] @)&! d+l;/ !@ ut] %@ jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] c;fdlos lgwgn] xfdL :tAw ePsf 5f}+ . b'Mvsf] o; 38Ldf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgklt k/d]Zj/n] w}ow{ f/0f ug]{ zlQm kbfg u?g\ eGb} xflb{s ;dj]bgf ks6 ub{5f}+ .

hgefjgf Oª\ln; af]l8{ª :s'n kl/jf/ l9sk'/–# b'Gbf, bfª

;dj]bgf

bfª 3f]/fxLl:yt lgdf lrq dlGb/sf kf]kfO6/ z/bs'df/ /]UdLsf] @)&! d+l;/ !# ut] zlgjf/sf lbg ^$ jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] b'Mvb lgwgn] xfdLx? cToGt ddf{xt ePsf 5f}+ . b'Mvsf] o; 38Ldf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ >L clDas]Zj/L dftf÷>L ;fO{ afaf;Fu kfy{gf ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgklt ulx/f] ;dj]bgf ks6 ub{5f}+ . w'as'df/ >]i7– >Lu0f]z lrqfno, 3f]/fxL dLgaxfb'/ >]i7– :ju{åf/L rnlrq dlGb/, 3f]/fxL pQds'df/ >]i7– lji0f' rnlrq dlGb/, t'n;Lk'/ w'a/fh k'/L– ç zflGt rnlrq dlGb/, t'n;Lk'/ ch'{gs'df/ >]i7– dxfnIdL rnlrq dlGb/, gf/fo0fk'/ ch'{g >]i7– >L ;To;fO{ rnlrq dlGb/, ndxL uf]/Ifgfy s;f}wg– ef]n] rnlrq dlGb/, efn'afª

Pj+ ;d:t l;g]dfxnsf d}g]h/x? tyf :6fkm kl/jf/

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! sflt{s @) ut] ;Nofgaf6 sf7df8f}+tkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M a'l4axfb'/ /]pn] /fxbfgL g+= M )%&&)%%^ 7] ufgf M ;]hjfn6fs'/f–(, ;Nofg ;Dks{ M (*%&*()!#*

gof” o'uaf]w j]j;fO6df x]g{ www.nayayougbodh.com

;} lgsn] ;'/ Iffsf] lhDdf lnO/x] sf] 5 . t/ tL ;} lgs o;} dlxgfsf] cGTo;Dddf kmls{g] 5g\ . ckmuflg: tfgsf] ;'/ Iffsf] lhDd] jf/L lnPsf g] 6f] ;} lgs;Da4 /fi6«x?n] ;g\ @)!$ sf] cGTo;Dddf ckmuflg:tfgaf6 lkmtf{ x'g] lg0f{o o;cl3 g} ul/;s] sf 5g\ . t/ klg kl5Nnf] ;dodf g] 6f] ;} lgssf] lkmtf{sf] ;do glhlsb} ubf{ klg Toxf“sf] ;'/ Iffsf] cj:yf dha't eg] x'g ;s] sf] 5} g .

To;} n} ckmuflg:tfgsf] eljiosf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ljZjsf sltko b] zx?n] lrGtf JoQm ug{] u/] sf 5g\ . ;g\ @)!$ kl5 klg Toxf“ ;Lldt ;+Vofdf cd] l/sL ;} lgs a:g] ePsf 5g\ . t/ cd] l/sL ;} lgs Toxf“sf] ;'/ Iffsf nflu lkmN8df g} vl6g] geO{ ;'/ Iff ;Nnfxsf/sf ?kdf /xg] ;DaGwL ;Demf} tf o;cl3 g} oL b'O{ b] zn] ul/;s] sf 5g\ . kfls: tfgsf] ljb] zdGqfnon] d+unaf/ Ps k] ; lj1lKt ksfzg u/L ckmuflg:tfgsf] ;'/ Iffsf af/] df kfls:tfgsf] klg rf;f] /x] sfn] ;f] ;Dd] ngdf kfls:tfgsf] ;xeflutf x'g nfu] sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . ckmuflg:tfgdf nfdf] ;dob] lv lx+;f dRrfO/x] sf tflnjfgx?n] Toxf“ ljb] zL ;} lgs Pj+ bftfx?sf] ;xof] usf] lj/f] w ug{] u/] sf 5g\ . kfls:tfgL kwfgdGqL zl/kmn] nG8gdf /x'~h] n Toxf“sf kwfgdGqL 8] le8 Sofd?g;“u låkIfLo lxtsf af/] df klg s'/ fsfgL ug{'x'g] hfgsf/L klg lbOPsf] 5 .

–/f;;÷l;Gx\jf

;dj]bgf

hGd M !(*$ ;fn

d[To' M @)&!.)*.!)

o; ljBfnosf ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf lai0f'k;fb cfrfo{sL ddtfdoL cfdf hf]xfª–% v}/]gL, u'NdL lgjf;L vuL;/f cfrfo{sf] @)&! d+l;/ !) ut]sf lbg *& jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] b'Mvb lgwgn] ljBfno kl/jf/ cToGt ddf{xt Pj+ :tAw ePsf] 5 . b'Mvsf] o; 38Ldf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgklt k/d]Zj/n] w}o{wf/0f ug]{ zlQm kbfg u?g\ egL xflb{s ;dj]bgf ks6 ub{5f}+ .

lai0f'k;fb b]jsf]6f -lklG;kn_ Pj+

u]6 c/lgsf] pRr df=lj= kl/jf/ t'n;Lk'/, bfª

;dj]bgf

xfdf cfTdLo ldq ;Gtf]if /]UdL, ;GbLk /]UdLsf a'jf o; bfª ax'p2]ZoLo art ;d"xsf ;lqmo ;b:o z/b /]UdL -pkfWofo_ sf] @)&! d+l;/ !# ut]sf lbg ^$ jif{sf] pd]/df c;fdlos lgwg x'g uPsfn] xfdL cToGt ddf{xt ePsf 5f}+ . o; b'Mvb 38Ldf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf w}o{wf/0f ug]{ zlQm kfKt xf];\ eGb} xflb{s ;dj]bgf ks6 ub{5f}+ .

ksfz b]jsf]6f zDe' uf}td Clif/fh cfrfo{ uLtf cfrfo{ 8f]s]Gb/fh ;'j]bL kf]if0f/fh vgfn x'dnfn kGyL s[i0fk;fb l3ld/] u]x]Gb a:g]t nfndl0f ;'j]bL O{Zj/Lldng cfrfo{ O{Zj/L kf}8]n

O{Zj/L cfrfo{ ;'zLn 8fFuL gf/fo0f hL=Pd= u'?k;fb clwsf/L k]dk;fb clwsf/L z+s/ clwsf/L lai0f'axfb'/ 8fFuL gf/fo0f k'/L c/ljGb zdf{ kbdk;fb e08f/L >Lw/ kf]v]n lrqsfGt cfrfo{

bfª ax'p2]ZoLo art ;d"x 3f]/fxL, bfª

@)&! ;fn d+l;/ !& ut] a'wjf/ * 3f]/fxLdf c6f]l/S;f

(Dec. 3, 2014)

www.nayayougbodh.com

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3f] / fxL, !^ d+l;/ . ahf/df c6f] l/S;f rNg yfn] sf] 5 . klxnf] k6s 3f] / fxL gu/kflnsfdf lelqPsf] ;f] ;jf/L ;fwg c6f] l/S;fn] !% lbgd} ahf/ kfPsf] l/S;f ;~rfns 8Dd/ g] kfnLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . /ftel/ Jof6«L rfh{ u/] kl5 lbgel/ rnfpg ;lsg] l/S;f dflns g] kfnLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . rnfpg ;lhnf] , ofq'nfO{ uGtJodf l56f] 5l/tf] k'¥ofpg ;lsg] g] kfnLn] bfaL ug'{eof] ] . ef8fb/ c? l/S;f;/x ofq'sf] ;+Vofcg';f/ ;:tf] df klg af] Sg] u/] sf] g] kfnLsf] egfO 5 . Ps k6sdf bz hgf;DdnfO{ ofqf u/fpg] ;Sg] l/S;fsf] Ifdtf /x] sf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . l/S;fdf a;] sf] ofq'n] csfnf] nfUbf em/] / ws] Ng'kg] { cj:yfn] l/S;f r9\g] x? ;d:ofdf lyP . c6f] l/S;f cfPkl5 9'Ssn] ofqf ug{ ;lsg] ePsf] 5 . s/Lj b'O{nfv ?k} of“ nufgL ug'{kg] { c6f] l/S;f bfªdf klxnf] xf] . o;cl3 k/Dk/fut?kdf rNb} cfPsfx? v'§fn] rnfpg] dfq}

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