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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Nov. 22, 2023)

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q a'l4 k'g ;Nofg, % d+l;/ . e"sDkn] ;Nofgsf] bfdf{ ufp“kflnsfsf] tLg : jf: Yorf} sLdf Iflt k'u] kl5 : jf: YosdL{x?n] rls{Psf] ejgsf] a/ 08f tyf v'nf rf} / df a;] / ;] jf lbO/ x] sf 5g\ . kSsL ejg rls{P/ a: g gldNg] ePkl5 : jf: YosdL{ a/ 08f / v'nf rf} / af6 ;] jf lbg afWo ePsf x'g\ . e"sDkn] bfdf{ kflnsfel/ k"0f{ / cf+lzs u/ L b'O{ xhf/ eGbf a9L 3/ Iflt ePsf] lyof] . kflnsfsf : jf: Yo zfvf k|d'v o1axfb'/ a: g] tsf cg';f/ ;fd'bflos : jf: Yo OsfO{ s] Gb| / : jf: Yorf} sL;lxt cf7 : jf: Yo ;+: yf / x] sf] bfdf{df e"sDksf sf/ 0f bfdf{sf] 6, eNrf} / / 9fsf8fdsf] sfu'gf] vf] nfdf / x] sf : jf: Yo ;+: yfdf Iflt ePsf] 5 . ejg Iflt ePsf sf/ 0f : jf: YosdL{n] a/ 08f tyf v'nf rf} / df a;] / ;] jf lbg' kbf{ : jf: YosdL{n] dfq geO{ la/ fdLn] ;d: of em] Ng' k/]sf] 5 . ;'Ts] / L ;] jfnufot cGo ;] jf k|efljt ePsf] bfdf{ ufp“kflnsfsf : jf: Yo zfvf k|d'v a: g] tn] atfpg'eof] . lr;f] n] ubf{ lqkfndf a: b} cfPsf kflnsfjf;L la/ fdL kbf{ Ps : jf: Yo ;+: yfdf b} lgs !% b] lv @) hgf;Dd la/ fdL pkrf/ sf nflu cfpg] u/ ] sfn] ;|f] t ;fwg / cf} iflw cefjdf ;] jf lbg sl7gfO eO/ x] sf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . …xfdLn] : jf: Yo ;+: yf dd{t tyf k'glg{df{0fsf] nflu ;DalGwt lgsfodf dfu u/ ] sf 5f} +, ;DalGwt lgsfon] tTsfnsf nflu c: yfoL 6x/ f lgdf{0f u/ ] / ;] jf lgoldt ;~rfng ug{ ;'emfj lbPsf] 5, ljsNk s] xL 5} g, ToxL eP/ v'nf rf} / / rls{Psf] ejgsf] a/ 08f

k|of] u ug{ afWo x'g'k/ ] sf] 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] . ;fd'bflos : jf: Yo OsfO{ s] Gb| sfu'gf] vf] nfsf k|d'v o1 v8\sfn] ejg a: g} gldNg] u/ L Iflt ePkl5 ut s] xL lbg ;] jf k|efljt ePsf] / : yfgLo ;d: ofdf gk?g\ eg] / z'qmaf/ b] lv v'nf rf} / af6 ;] jf lbb} cfPsf] atfpg'eof] .

Ifltu|: t ejgaf6 cTofjZos ;fdu|L tyf cf} iflw lgsfNg g;s] sf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . …ejg rf/ } lt/ rs] {sf] 5, s'g} klg a] nf eTsg ;Sg] eGb} k|fljlwsn] pQm ejgdf ga: g ;Nnfx lbPkl5 qf;sf sf/ 0f sf] 7fdf a: g ;s] sf 5} gf} +Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …: jf: Yo ;+: yfaf6 a] n'sL;Dd ;] jf lbb} cfPsf lyof} +, clxn] v'nf : yfgdf a;] / lbp“;f] @ ah] ;Dd ;] jf lbg sl7gfO ePsf] 5, pkrf/ ug] {eGbf lr;f] n] cfkm} + la/ fdL x'g] cj: yf b] lvPsf] 5 .Ú eNrf} / x] Nykf] i6sL dlxnf : jf: YosdL{ uLtf s] ;Ln] : jf: Yorf} sLsf] ejg rf/ } lt/ rls{Psfn] ;'Ts] / L ;] jfeGbf cf] kL8L ;] jf lbg sl7gfO ePsf] atfpg'eof] . la/ fdL w] / } cfPsf a] nf a: g] 7fp“ gx'g] ;d: of klg / x] sf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . ;'/ lIft ;] jf k|jfxsf nflu l5§} ejg k'glg{df{0f tyf dd{tsf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ cfu|x ul/ Psf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . bfdf{sf] 6df / x] sf] : jf: Yorf} sLsf] k|;"lt u[x k"/ } elTsPkl5 csf] { : yfgdf ;fl/ Psf] 5 . t/ sf] 7f ;f“3'/ f] x'“bf ;] jf lbg sl7gfO eO/ x] sf] 5 . bfdf{ ufp“kflnsf–% ln/ ] 8f“8fsL jif{ !( sL ljGb' v8\sf ;'Ts] / L ePsf] hDdf !( lbg eof] . lqkfnd'lg a: g'kbf{ pxf“nfO{ Hj/ f] / ?3fvf] sLsf] ;d: of b] lvPsf] 5 eg] pxf“sL ;fgL 5f] / LnfO{ ;d] t

: jf“–: jf“ a9] sf] 5 . : jf: Yo ;+: yfsf ejgdf e'sDkn] Iflt u/ ] kl5 lqkfn / a/ 08faf6 ;] jf lng'kbf{ ;d: of eO/ x] sf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . bfdf{ ufp“kflnsfdf rf/ ;o ;'Ts] / L, rf/ ;o #& afnaflnsf k|efljt ePsf 5g\ .

3/ d} uP/ : jf: Yof] krf/ bfdf{ ufp“kflnsfdf lr;f] n] lj/ fdL k/ ] sf e"sDkkLl8tsf] 3/ d} uP/ : jf: Yof] krf/ yflnPsf] 5 . lr;f] sf sf/ 0f afnaflnsf, ;'Ts] / L, a[4a[4f lj/ fdL k/ ] kl5 d+unaf/ b] lv lj/ fdLsf] 3/ 3/ df uP/ : jf: Yof] krf/ z'? ul/ Psf] xf] . : jf: Yo ;] jf sfof{no ;Nofg / bfdf{ ufp“kflnsfsf] ;+o'Qm cfof] hgfdf : jf: Yof] krf/ yflnPsf] xf] . : jf: Yof] krf/ sf nflu : jf: Yo;] jf sfof{nosf k|d'v 8f= ch{'g a'9f du/ nufot 8fS6/ , : jf: YosdL{ / kflnsfsf] : jf: YosdL{;lxt !$ hgfsf] 6f] nL vl6Psf] 5 . vl6Psf] 6f] nLn] hgHof] lt dflj kmf?nfdf cWoog/ t ljBfyL{af6 : jf: Yof] krf/ z'? u/ ] sf] lyof] . lzlj/ ;~rfng ubf{ ef} uf] lns ljs6tfsf sf/ 0f kflnsfsf ;a} nfO{ ;d] 6\g g;lsg] / lj/ fdL k/ ] sf ;d] t pkrf/ sf nflu hfg g;Sg] cj: yf l;h{gf ePkl5 lj/ fdL k/ ] sfsf] 3/ 3/ df uP/ : jf: Yof] krf/ ug{ yflnPsf] bfdf{ ufp“kflnsfsf : jf: Yo zfvf k|d'v o1axfb'/ a: g] tn] atfpg'eof] . : jf: Yof] krf/ d+unaf/ / a'waf/ b'O{ lbg;Dd ;~rfng ul/ g] / cfjZostf cg';f/ ;do ylkg] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . …afnaflnsfdf lgdf] lgof, a'9fa'9Ldf bd / ;'Ts] / L tyf ue{jtL nufot cGodf Hj/ f] sf ;d: of b] lvP klg s;} n] Hofg u'dfPsf 5} ggÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] .

3f] / fxL, % d+l;/ . ndxL– # l6snLu9sf cDa/ axfb'/ tfdfªn] @)^# ;fnb] lv df5f kfng ub} { cfpg'ePsf] 5 . jif] {lg pTkfbg a9fp“b} hfg'ePsf pxf“n] ut cfly{s jif{df ^) d] l6«s 6g df5f laqmL ug'{eof] . @)&& ;fndf $) d] l6«s 6g laqmL ug'{ePsf pxf“n] @)&* df %) d] l6«s 6g df5f a] Rg'eof] . clxn] pxf“n] kf“r ljufx kf“r s6\7f hnfzodf df5f kfln/ xg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] pTkfbg u/ ] sf df5f bfª, Ko'7fg, ?s'd, / f] Nkf, g] kfnu~hsf ahf/ df k'Ug] u/ ] sf 5g\ . kf] v/ L yKb} , Aoj;fo a9fp“b} / pTkfbg klg a9fp“b} cfpg'ePsf l6snLu9s} k'/ gaxfb'/ rf} w/ Ln] @$ s6\7f hnfzodf pTkfbg u/ ] sf] df5f #% nfvdf a] Rg'eof] . @)&% ;fnb] lv df5f kfngdf nfUg'ePsf rf} w/ Ln] @)&& ;fndf ;f9] b'O{ d] l6«s 6g df5f pTkfbg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . @)&* df !) d] l6«s 6g a] Rg'ePsf pxf“n] ut jif{ ;f9] !# d] l6«s 6g df5f a] Rg'eof] . pxf“x? h: t} ls;fgn] jif] {lg pTkfbg a9fpg yfn] kl5 bfª df5fdf cfTd lge{/ aGg yfn] sf] e] 6] / ] g/ L c: ktfn tyf kz' ;] jf lj1 s] Gb| 3f] / fxL bfªn] hgfPsf] 5 . clxn] bfªdf kf“rb] lv ;ft k|ltzt dfq} df5f ef/ taf6 cfpg] u/ ] sf] sfof{nosf] / ] s8{ 5 . sfof{nosf] / ] s8{ cg';f/ bfªdf jif] {lg df5fsf] pTkfbg a9\b} uPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷)&& df rf/ ;o *( bzdnj ;ft d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] df5f cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷)&* df kf“r ;o (^, cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷)&( df 5 ;o

df5f ;]jgsf kmfObf w]/}

3f] / fxL–!@ xfk'/ sf] ;fttfn] s[lqd hnfzodf d+unaf/ df5fsf e'/ f 5fl8+b}

gf} d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] / ut cfly{s jif{df 5 ;o !! d] l6«s 6g df5f pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . bfªdf ljut jif{sf] t'ngfdf df5fkfns s[ifs klg a9] sf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷@)&* df b'O{ ;o $& / x] sf df5f kfns s[ifs @)&*÷)&( df b'O{ ;o *@ k'u] eg] ut cfly{s jif{df tLghgf Jofj;flos s[ifs ylkP/ b'O{ ;o *% k'u] . df5fkfng ug] { hnfzo If] q klg jif] {lg a9\b} uPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷@)&* df Ps ;o $) bzdnj @# x] S6/ ePsf] df @)&*÷)&( df a9] / Ps ;o (@ bzdnj rf/ k'u] sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df Ps ;o (% bzdnj b'O{ x] S6/ hnfzodf df5f kfng ul/ Psf] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . df5fkfng ug{ 8f] d6, lrD6fOnf] df6f] pko'Qm x'G5 / l;d;f/ If] qdf klg df5fkfng / fd|f] x'G5 . bfªdf 3f] / fxLsf] %, ^, & / * gDa/ j8f, t'n;Lk'/ sf] !), !!, !$ / !% gDa/ j8f, b+uLz/ 0fsf]

ljZj;gLo cfof]u agfpg åGåkLl8tsf] dfu sf7df8f} +, % d+l;/ -o';_– åGåkLl8t ;d'bfon] ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo;DaGwL P] g kl/ dfh{gsf nflu k|: t't ljw] os tTsfn kfl/ t u/ L kLl8t s] lGb|t / ljZj;gLo cfof] u : yfkgf ug{ dfu u/ ] sf 5g\ . !) jif] { ;z: q åGåkl5 lj: t[t zflGt ;Demf} tf ePsf] !* jif{ nfUbf klg Gofo gkfOPkl5 pgLx¿n] o: tf] dfu u/ ] sf x'g\ . åGåkLl8t

;femf rf} tf/ L åGåkLl8t dlxnf ;~hfn;lxt cfj4 ljleGg @) j6f ;+3;+: yfåf/ f d+unaf/ hf/ L k|] ; lj1lKtdf ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo;DaGwL P] g;“u ;DalGwt ;+zf] wg ljw] os tTsfn kfl/ t u/ L kLl8t s] lGb|t / ljZj;gLo cfof] u : yfkgf u/ L Gofo lbg dfu u/ ] sf x'g\ . …kLl8t s] lGb|t / ljZj;gLo ;+qmd0fsfnLg Goflos ;+oGq af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

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klg r/ fpg] 7fp“ 5} g . gbL lsgf/ sf] hUuf ef8fdf lnP/ r/ g If] q tf] Sg' k/ ] sf] 5Ú– ofbjn] eGg'eof] – …e} +;L kfNg] k'Vof{} nL k] zf xf] . afa'–afh] n] oxL u/ ] . ToxL b] v] / d} n] klg e} +;L kfn+] . clxn] d] / f 5f] / f / gfltn] klg e} +;L kfn] sf 5g\ .Ú ofbjsf] kl/ jf/ n] sl/ a tLg ;o e} +;L kfn] sf] 5 . ofbjsf rf/ bfh'efO x'g\ . ;a} n] e} +;L g} kfn] sf 5g\ . clg ;Ltf/ fdsf ;ft efO 5f] / f . pgLx?n] klg

e} +;L g} kfn] sf 5g\ . …of] ufp“el/ e} +;Ln] el/ Psf] 5 . e} +;L kfNg ;lhnf] eg] 5} g . e} +;Lsf] v'/ fs k'¥ofpg ufx|f] 5 . 3f“;, k/ fn, e'; k'¥ofpg sl7g 5Ú– ofbjn] eGg'eof] – …e} +;L kfNg] sfd xfd|f] k'vf{af6 rNb} cfof] . clxn] klg oxL ul/ / x] sf 5f} + .Ú : yfgLo : t/ df r/ g If] qsf] cefjn] ubf{ e} +;LnfO{ lxp“bsf] dlxgfel/ ndxL gu/ kflnsf, / fKtL ufp“kflnsfsf] s] xL : yfg;Dd uf] 7 ;f/ ] / nUg] rng klg 5 .

lxdfnog a}+s lnld6]8 3f]/fxL zfvf @ sf] ;]km l8kf]lh6 ns/ :yfgfGt/0f af/] h?/L ;"rgf o; a}+ssf] 3f]/fxL zfvf @ -;fljs l;len a}+s _ 3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !% t'N;Lk'/ rf]s, bfªdf /x]sf ;]km l8kf]lh6 ns/x? o; a}+ssf] 3f]/fxL zfvf ! 3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !% Go'/f]8, bfªl:yt a}+ssf] zfvfdf ldlt @)*)÷)*÷!% df :yfgfGt/0f u/L ;f]xL :yfgaf6 ;~rfng x'g] s'/f hfgsf/L u/fpFb} ;]km l8kf]lh6 ns/sf u|fxsx?nfO{ cfkm"n] ns/df e08f/0f ul/Psf÷/fv]sf ;fdu|Lx? pk/f]Qm ldlt cufj} :yfgfGt/0f cjlw e/sf nflu lgsfnL÷lemsL a}+snfO{ ;xof]u ug{x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . ;fy} :yfgfGt/0fsf] qmddf eljtAojz s'g} xfgL gf]S;fgL ePdf a}+s hjfkmb]xL gx'g] Joxf]/f ;Dk"0f{ u|fxsju{ tyf ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . o;af6 u|fxs dxfg'efax?df kg{ hfg] c;'lawfsf] nflu a}+s Ifdfk|fyL{ 5 .

yk hfgsf/Lsf] nflu tn pNn]lvt kmf]g gDa/df ;Dks{ ug{'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

3f]/fxL zfvf @ kmf]g g+= )*@—%^#!%# / %^#!%$

…au/df v]tL x'g yfNof], jgdf 3f“F; 5}gÚ q bz/ y l3ld/ ]

# / $ gDa/ j8f, ndxLsf] #, $, %, ^ / & gDa/ j8f / u9jfsf] $ / % gDa/ j8f pko'Qm ePsf] s] Gb|n] hgfPsf] 5 . bfªdf ;a} eGbf w] / } a} vf hftsf] df5f pTkfbg x'G5 eg] sfk{ hfltsf] / x', g} gL, u|f;, sdg, l;Ne/ , ljux] 8 / s] xL ljb] zL hft ?krGbnufotsf hft klg pTkfbg x'“b} cfPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . Jofj;flos?kdf eg] ljb] zL hftsf] pTkfbg ePsf] 5} g . bfªdf Jofj;flos ?kdf @) s/ f] 8 a9Lsf] nfutdf df5f pTkfbg gePsf] sfof{no atfp“5 . ljut b'O{ jif{b] lv kz' : jf: Yo P] g @)%% / lgodfjnL @)%^ n] @)&& sf] ;+zf] wg cg';f/ sfg'gtM cj} w dfg] sf] d+u'/ df5f eg] bfªdf sd x'“b} uPsf] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . df5f pTkfbgsf] lx;fjn] dw] z k|b] zkl5 w] / } pTkfbg x'g] df n'lDagL k5{ . n'lDagLsf !@ lhNnfdf klg bfª lhNnf ?kGb] xL, slknj: t', alb{of / aF“s] kl5 kf“rf+} gDa/ df k5{ .

v;L, s'v'/ fsf] df;' h: t} df5fsf] df;'sf] klg a9L k|of] u x'g] u/ ] sf] 5 . df5f dx+uf] k|] ds'df/ rf} w/ L klg 5} g eg] dT: o ljsf; clws[t kmfObf w] / } 5g\ . o;df kfOg] cf] d] uf y|Ln] xfd|f] lbdfunfO{ tfhf agfO{ / fVg d2t u5{ .

To;} n] df5f vfgfn] l8k|] ;gb] lv 6f9f u/ fpg d2t u5{ . csf] { tkm{ o;df kfOg] k|f] l6gn] xfd|f] gzfdf sf] n] : 6«f] nsf] dfqf a9\g lbb} g . h;n] ubf{ xfdLnfO{ Xbo3ft x'g] , d'6' ;'lGgg] h: tf / f] ux? nfUg af6 arfp“5 . d'6' : j: y / fVg klg o;n] ;3fp“5 . olb uef{j: yfdf cfdfn] k|z: t dfqfdf df5f vfg] u/ ] sf] 5 eg] o;df kfOg] cf] d] uf y|Ln] kl5 aRrfsf] cf“vf t] h agfpg d2t u5{ eg] ljleGg la;{g] afgLx?b] lv 6f9f / fVg] sfd u5{ . ljleGg cWoogn] df5f vfg] JolQmnfO{ bdsf] / f] u x'g] ;Defjgf sd x'g] u/ ] sf] klg b] vfPsf] 5 . Toltdfq xf] Og df5fn] xfd|f] z/ L/ df Un'sf] hsf] dfqf ;Gt'ngdf / fVg d2t u5{ h;n] ubf{ dw'd] x ePsf la/ fdLsf] nflu df5fsf] ;] jg lgs} kmfObfhgs 5 . df5fdf kfOg] cf] d] ufn] k|f] : 6«] 6 SofG;/ , : tg SofG;/ x'gaf6 hf] ufpg d2t u5{ . 5fnfsf] ;d: ofdf klg df5fsf] ;] jg pko'Qm dflgG5 . o;n] cg'xf/ sf] km';|f] kg, bfu cflb x6fpg klg ;xof] u u5{ . o;sf s] xL a] kmfObf klg 5g\ . udL{ df} ;ddf sd df5f ;] jg ug'{k5{ .

5fnfsf / f] uLn] 8fS6/ sf] ;Nnfxdf dfq} df5f vfg' / fd|f] x'G5 . df5fdf sf“8f x'g] x“'bf Wofg lbP/ gvfPdf Hofg ;d] t hfg;S5 .

lxdfnog a}+s lnld6]8

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b] pv'/ L, % d+l;/ . / fKtL gbL lsgf/ j/ k/ e} +;L ry{] . c3fp“y] klg . Toxf“ k|z: t r/ 0f lyof] . kl5 gbL lsgf/ cf;kf;sf] P] nfgL hUuf klg ls;fgn] hf] Tg yfn] . af/ nufpg yfn] . JolQmsf] gfddf ePsf] hUufdf v] tLkftL x'g yfNof] . clg r/ gsf] ?kdf k|of] u x'“b} cfPsf] hUuf v'lDrg k'Uof] . clxn] vf] nf jg If] q, vfnL 7fp“df kz'rf} kfof r/ fpg nUg] ul/ Psf] 5 t/ Toxf“ k|z: t 3f“; 5} g . jiff{tdf t xl/ ofnL x'G5 . xl/ of] 3f“; e} +;Ln] vfg kfp“5g\ . lxp“bdf t ;'Vvf 5 . jgsf] r/ g If] qdf 3f“; 5} g . lbgel/ e} +;L km'sfP/ nu] klg k] 6e/ L vfg gkfO{ cfwfk] 6df 3/ Nofpg'kg{] cj: yf / x] sf] / fhk'/ ufp“kflnsf–# v/ bl/ of lgjf;L ** jifL{o ;Ltf/ fd ofbjn] atfpg'eof] . ofbjsf] kl/ jf/ lhNnfd} w] / } e} +;L kfNg] kl/ jf/ sf] ?kdf lrlgG5 . ofbjsf] cf“ugel/ e} +;L af“lwPsf 5g\ . lbp“;f] !@ ah] kl5 tL e} +;L r/ fpg nluG5 . …klxnf r/ g If] q k|z: t lyof] . e} +;L klg c3fp“y] . clxn] t lbp“;f] km'sfP

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– ljlkg clwsf/ L -;+ljwfgljb\_

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xfd|f] cfly{s gLltnfO{ h;/ L kl/ eflift u/ ] klg xfd|f] af6f] gjpbf/ jfb g} / x] sf] 5 . lghLs/ 0f h;/ L ul/ of] / alnof] agfOof] o;sf b'ikl/0ffdx? xfd|f cufl8 5g\ . lzIff / : jf: Yo If] q o;sf ;l6s pbfx/ 0f x'g\ . d'n's ;+3Lo t eof] t/ elTsg} kg] { k' / fgf ;+ / rgfx? elTsPgg\ . gf] s/ zfxL tGqb] lv / fHosf w] / } c+ux?sf] nf] stflGqs/ 0f g} x'g ;s] g . dfgl;stf p: t} / x\of] . sfdsf tl/ sfx? p: t} / x] . / fHo / gful/ saLrsf] ;DaGwdf kl/ jt{gsf] dd{ k|ltljlDat x'g ;s] g . ;a} eGbf a9L ;d: of / fhgLlts bnx?df b] lvof] . sdhf] / Lx? ljrf/ wf/ f, d"No / Jojxf/ sf If] qdf uDeL/ ?kn] b] vfk/ ] .

Jojxf/ jfb, nf] slk| o tfjfb, ;Qfsf] ;jf] {kl/ tf, d"Noljd'v u7aGwg, cfbz{ / g} lts d"Nodf : vng cflb h: tf sdhf] / Lx? kf6L{ / cfGbf] ngdf k|d'v ag] / cfpg yfn] . xfd| f ] lrGtg / Jojxf/ sf] wf/ f g} ablng yfNof] . cfhsf] l: ylt cem uDeL/ ag] sf] 5 . bnx?df / x] sf sdhf] / Lx?n] k| l tufdLx?nfO{ v] Ngsf lglDt ;a} eGbf a9L pa{/ hldg k|bfg u/ ] sf 5g\ . kl/ jt{gsf] em08} b'O{ bzssf] cjlw cfzfeGbf a9L lg/fzfhgs / x\of] eGbf c3] {NofO“ x'G5 h: tf] nfUb} g . sltko s'/ f t cg} ltstfsf] ;LdfnfO{ klg gf3] / ul/ Psf] 5 . oL ;a} sf] kl/ 0ffd xf] k|ltufdLx?sf] cfhsf] ;lqmotf / dflg;x?sf] To;k|ltsf] cfsif{0f . ;"rgf k|ljlwn] pknAw u/ fPsf] ;fj{hlgs d~rnfO{ Joj: yf lj/ f] wLx?n] uhan] pkof] u u/ ] sf 5g\ . cfhsf] k' “ h Ljfb lgld{ t ctfls{ s , ck| f l1s, c/ fhs, r/ d JolQmjfbL, pkef] QmfjfbL g] kfnL dfg; o;sf lglDt ;xof] uL ag] sf] 5 . / fhgLlts bnx?df / x] sf sdhf] / L / d'n'ssf] lau|bf] l: yltn] o; dfg;nfO{ cem pQ]lht agfPsf 5g\ . o; dfg;nfO{

ts{, tYo, nf] stGq h: tf s'/ f;“u s] xL dtna 5} g . o;sf] ofqf c/ fhstf / lj/ f] wb] lv c/ fhstf / lj/ f] w;Dd / x] sf] 5 . oxL dgf] lj1fg;“u Joj: yf lj/ f] wLx? v] Nb} 5g\ / log} sf] ljzfn kN6g agfpg] k|oTg ub} {5g\ . g} ltstf gePsf, OdfGbf/ Lsf b[li6n] s+ufnx?sf] 7"n} kmf} h klg logsf kl5 b] lvG5 . cg} lts, a] Odfg / e|i6x?n] g} oL ;a} sf] 7"nf] –7"nf] : j/ df cfnf] rgf ug] { uhasf] l: yltsf dfemdf xfdL 5f} + . b'uf{ k|;fO{+ g} o;sf ;a} eGbf ;l6s pbfx/ 0f x'g\ . s'g} / fhgLlts hldg, ljrf/ wf/ f / Oltxf; gePsf k|;fO{+ h: tf e|i6 / cg} ltsx? g} nf] slk|o s'/ f u/ ] / hgtfnfO{ cfkm\gf] kl5 lx8fpg vf]Hb}5g\ . o;sf] cf/De /lj nfld5fg] x?n] cln klxNo} b] lv u/ ] sf x'g\ . ljrf/ xLg / fhgLlt ljrf/ sf] / fhgLlt ug] {x?nfO{ r'gf} tL aGg' ;fdfGo s'/ f xf] Og . of] jfdkGyL / nf] sGqjfbL bnx? :jo+ ljrf/ljxLg aGb} hfg'sf] kl/0ffd xf] . k|;fO{+x?n] & ut] ug] { k|bz{gn] bn / ;/ sf/ sf] 6fpsf] clxn] h'g : t/ df b'v] sf] 5, cfp“bf lbgx?df cem a9L b'Vg ;S5 . bnx? cfkm"nfO{ ;Rofpg / ldn] / cl3 a9\g tof/ ePgg\ eg] clxn] sf] Joj: yf hfg klg ;S5 . ctfls{s / c/ fhs aGb} u/ ] sf] ;dfhn] of] nf] stGq xf] , hf] ufpg'k5{ eg] / ;f] Rg] 5 eg] / 7fGg' d"vt{ f x'g]5 . bnx?df hlt;'s} sdhf]/Lx? eP klg ;+3Lo nf] stflGqs u0ftGqsf] ljsNk /fhtGq x'g ;Sb}g . o;sf] lg/s + z ' ljsNk vf] Hg] s'/ fsf] k|ltjfb ul/ g'k5{ . sdhf] / Lx?sf] cfnf] rgf klg ul/ g'k5{, u/ f} + t/ kl/ jt{gsf] / Iff klg ul/ g'k5{ . olta] nfsf] bfloTj kl/ jt{gsf] / Iff xf] . bnx?sf] cfnf] rgf ubf{ g pgLx?sf ;sf/ fTs kIfnfO{ la;{g ldN5 g t hfgf hfg l;h{gf ul/ Psf e|dx?k|lt g} cgle1 / xg ;'xfp“5 . Joj: yf, bn / g] tfx?nfO{ abgfd ug{ cfh xhf/ f} + e|dx? 5l/ Psf 5g\ . ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] …dfofnf] sÚ df tYo / ;To s;/L k/flht x'G5g\ eGg] tYo xfd|} cufl8 5g\ . dflg;x? cfkm\gf] ljj] snfO{ k/ kG5fP/ xNnf / e|dsf kl5 o;/ L bf} l8Psf] o;eGbf cl3 slxNo} e] l6Gg . xfdL …pQ/ ;ToÚ sf] ;dodf 5f}+ . k|;fO{x+ ? ;Tosf] em08f prfNb} xfd|} lj?4 plePsf 5g\ . xfdLnfO{ rflx+ / ldtf h: tf] nfUb} 5 . xfdL sltnfO{ bnx?n] …dhf rfv] sf] Ú x] g] { / x/ klg 5 . xfdL klg t c/ fhs ;dod} 5f} + . c/ fhstf xfdLleq klg 5 .

Uofª / u0ftGq † …larNnLdf e"sDkkLl8t, ;'Ts] / L / ue{jtL $ xhf/ sf] af; af/ Ld} Ú– sflGtk'/ …hfh/ sf] 6 e"sDkdf Hofg hf] ufPsf !! hgfn] lr;f] nfO{ k/ f: t ug{ ;s] gg\Ú – cGgk"0f{kf] i6 cl: t ;f] daf/ sf ;dfrf/ zLif{s x'g\ b'a} . hfh/ sf] 6 / klZrd ?s'ddf ut sflt{s !& ut] uPsf] e"sDkn] a9L Iflt kf/ ] kl5 p4f/ , pkrf/ , pksf/ / / fxtsf nflu k'u] sf / fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL, dGqL;lxt ;f+;bsf 6f] nLnfO{ hgtfn] lbPsf clk|o hjfkm ck|Toflzt lyPgg\ . clg ;DalGwt kflnsfsf k| d ' v n] …x] lnsf] K6/ cftÍ / k|sf] k ko{6g aGb u/ Ú eGg k/ ] sf] lyPg To;} . 8] 9;o hgfsf] Hofg uP/ , ;f9] rf/ ;onfO{ 3fOt] agfP/ , sl/ j ^) xhf/ 3/ Wj: t ePkl5 a] ;xf/ f ag] sf kLl8tn] xfdLnfO{ ckm\7\of/ f] k/ ] sf a] nfdf ;xof] u ug{ cfP u0ftGqsf / fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL, dGqL / ;f+;bx? eg] / cf/ tL ptfg'{ kg] { lyof] lg . t/ u/ ] g5g\ . o: tf] cj: yf u0ftGqn] u/ fPsf] x} g, g] tfx?sf lqmofsnfkn] agfPsf] xf] . u0ftGq t ;+;f/ s} pTs[i6 Joj: yf kf] xf] t . lgs[i6 Uofªsf xftdf k/ ] kl5 abgfd x'g'k/ ] sf] 5 . ;Hhgsf ;fydf k'u] lau|] sf] klg ;kf5{ / b'h{gsf xftdf ydfP ;k|] sf] klg lauf5{ eg] sf] oxL t xf] nf lg † ;d:of Joj:yfsf] x}g, Joj:yfkgsf] xf] . gLltsf] x} g, lgotsf] xf] . oxf“ JolQmsf] s'/ f x} g, k|a[lQsf] ljifo p7fg ul/ Psf] 5 . / fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL, dGqL / ;f+;bx? nsf] { nfu] / hfg'eGbf klxn] p4f/ s, pkrf/ s, pksf/ s, cf} iflw / / fxt k'¥ofPsf] eP hgtf v'zL x'Gy] . klxn] p4f/ s / pkrf/ s 6f] nL k7fP/ cln ;xh ePkl5 cj: yfsf] cjnf] sg ug{ uPsf eP kflnsf k|d'vn] klg To;/ L eGy] gg\ xf] nf . ;'/ IffsdL{x? klg bf] xf] / f] e"ldsf lgefpg' kbf{ cfhLt x'Gy] gg\ kLl8tlt/ eGbf / fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL / dGqLsf] cl3kl5 nfUg' k/ ] / . Tolta] nf / fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL, dGqL / ;f+;bx? hlt uP, pgLx?sf] ;jf/ Ldf hlt vr{ eof] clg p4f/ / / fxtdf slt ah] 6 uof] eg] / lx;fjlstfj ;a} ;~hfndf 5/ ki6

kfl/ Psf] 5 . To;} n] klg …k|sf] k ko{6g / x] lnsf] K6/ cftÍÚ eGg'k/ ] sf] / x] 5 . gq cfkm\gf / fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL, dGqL / ;f+;bsf] ckdfg ug] { / x/ s;} nfO{ x'Gy] g . xfd|f ;/ sf/ s: tf 5g\ / s] u5{g\, hgtfn] cfkm} ef] u] sf 5g\ . s;} n] prfNg} kb} {g . g] tfx? slt nf] slk|o 5g\ / pgLx?n] s] –s] u/ ] s;} n] elglbg} kb} {g . ;~rf/ sf] b|t" ljsf; ePsf] b'lgof“df hlt n'sfpg vf] h] klg n'Sb} g . To;} n] xf] nf g] tfx? cflQP/ l6s6sdfly k|ltaGw nufpg'k/ ] sf] klg . agsf] eGbf dgsf] af3n] vfPkl5 To:t} ul/G5 lg † u0ftGqn] g ;'g cf] ;fg{ nufPsf] xf] , g gSsnL e'6fgL z/ 0ffyL{ agfP/ cd] l/ sf k7fpg l;sfPsf] xf] . g nlntf lgjf; sf08 / rfpg eg] sf] xf] , g ;+j} wflgs cfof] udf cfo'Qmsf] efuj08f ug{ v6fPsf] xf] . gfkmf x'g] 7fp“df gftfuf] tf eg{ cfb] z lbPsf] x} g u0ftGqn] . / fhgLltsf gfddf pTkfbg ul/ Psf kf6L{sf a] / f] huf/ x?sf] k/ hLjL kN6g kfNg g ;+3Lotf geO{ x'Gg eg] sf] lyof] , g lxGb"/ fi6« x6fP/ wd{ kl/ jt{g ug{ nufPsf] xf] . cbfntdf ;d] t Gofosf] lsga] r ug{ u0ftGqn] nufPsf] x} g / ;bgnfO{ ufnLunf} hsf] ynf] agfpg rfx] sf] klg lyPg . b] z bf] xgdf efua08f gldn] kl5 la/ f] w / ldn] kl5 ;xdltsf] gf6s ug{ klg u0ftGqn] nufPsf] s;} n] eg] sf] 5} g . cfk;d} gldn] / pTkft\ dRrfpg] , clg ;dfwfg ug{ g;s] / u0ftGq vt/ fdf k¥of] eg] / ;tfpg] afgL k/ ] kl5 ;xg ;Sg] Ifdtf u'Dof] hgtfdf klg . …b] z s+ u fn, hgtfsf] a] xfn, bnfn g] tf dfnfdfnÚ ePkl5 ;Qfsf] ;+s6 r'lnPsf] t xf] lg † xf], /fhgLlt wldlnPsf] 5 . hgtfsf] dg cldlnPsf] 5 . ljZjf;sf] ;+s6 5 htftt} . o: t} a] nfdf xf] df} sfdf rf} sf xfGg vf] Hg] rnfvn] . sf] ;kmn xf] nf / c;kmn aGnf eg] / n] vf] hf] vf ul/ b} 5 ufp“, zx/ / ahf/ df . ;a} nfu] sf 5g\, cf–cfkm\g} k|rf/ df . t/ s;sf] dfn laSnf / sf] slt l6Snf eGg ;lsg] cj: yf 5} g . …lau|] sf] af6f] eTs] sf] 3/ , h: tf] dg nfU5 p: t} u/ Úsf] / fh rn] sf]

5 / fhgLltdf, bndf, ufp“ , zx/ / 6f] n6f] ndf . dflyb] lv tn} ;Dd ;dembf/ L aG5 af] n saf] ndf . t/ sfof{Gjog x'Gg . clg eGg'k5{ lgjt{dfg k|wfgdGqLn] – / fi6« k ltn] sf+ u | ] ;sf] / fhgLlt u/ ] . k|wfgdGqL kf6L{ cWoIf ag] / hfh/ sf] 6 uP . pkk|wfg Pj+ u[xdGqL klg kf6L{ pkfWoIfsf ?kdf k'u] .Ú xf] nf jf gxf] nf pgLx? g} hfg" g \ . …k| w fgdGqLn] g} c/ fhstf, cl: y/ tf / åGå a9fPsf] Ú dfG5g\ sf+u|] ;sf g] tf z] v/ sf] O/ fnf . sf+u|] ;s} dxfdGqL uug yfkfn] 7"nf tLg bnsf zLif{ g] tfsf] ;xdltnfO{ gdfg] / … k|wfgdGqL Snasf] lg0f{o kf6L{sf] x'g ;Sb} gÚ eG5g\ . ;dfhjfbL df] rf{df ;fd] n ePsf, t/ ;+;bLo cEof;eGbf aflx/ } / x] sf g] tf ljKnjn] ;d] t r'gf} tL yK5g\– hgtfsf] d'v y'g] / ;Qfdf l6lsG5 eg] / g;f] Rg' .Ú Pp6f l6s6s gfds ;~hfn aGb ubf{ !) j6f / L6 k5{g\ ;jf] {Rr cbfntdf . …sfg'g\ g ;fg'g\, xfd|f] lg0f{o ;a} n] dfg"g\Ú eg] / s;n] 6] 5{ < 6] b} {g . cbfntsf] cfb] zn] csf] { wSsf lbg] xf] nf l/ unsf] l/ xfOdf h: t} . kfOn} lkR5] caufn cfOnfUg] uNtL lsg u5{g\ o;/ L k|z: t} † cl: t;Dd !! hgfsf] Hofg uP5 lr;f] n] e"sDkn] Wj: t kf/ ] sf] hfh/ sf] 6 jl/ kl/ sf] If] qdf . cem} sltsf] Hofg n} hfnf eGg ;lsGg . t/ cf–cfkm\gf kf6L{sf p4f/ stf{ v6fPsf] , k'gMlgdf{0fdf k7fPsf] dfq} k|rf/ x'G5 ahf/ df . ;~rf/ If] q klg bnLo cljZjf;sf] lzsf/ aGg ?rfPh: tf] 5 . h;n] nufgL u/ ] sf] 5 p;} sf] k|rf/ ug{ yfNbf lgikIftf u'dfPsf] 5 . kIfw/ tfsf] lzsf/ alg;s] kl5 : jtGq ;~rf/ sf] cfwf/ / x“b} g eGg] 1fg u'd] kl5sf] cj: yf xf] of] . ;/ sf/ / / fhgLlts bnx? dfq} abgfd ePsf] ;do x} g . cbfnt, ;bg, clVtof/ cflb s;} k|lt ljZjf; e] l6b} g . ;a} lgsfo lj?4sf] cfqmf] znfO{ pkof] u ug] { k|ofo ePsf] b] lvb} 5 ;8sdf . d+l;/ & ut] / To;kl5 s] xf] nf < h] xf] nf, ;f] b] lvPnf . t/ h:tf] le8Gt jf zlQm k|bz{gsf] tof/L eO/ x] sf] 5, ToxL / km\tf/ df p4f/ , / fxt / k'gMlgdf{0fdf nfu] slt hflt x'“bf] xf] <

u gf/ fo0fk|;fb kf} 8] n xfdLn] dfq} ;f] r] / , rfx] / , eg] / gx'g] . ug'{kg] { / lhDdf lnPsfn] gu/ ] kl5 clg s;/ L xf] zflGt sfod x'g] , k|ult b] lvg] , ;d[l4sf] af6f] e] l6g] , ;f] lemg] < ufx|f] 5 . laufg{ / eTsfpg hlt ;lhnf] lyof] , agfpg plQs} ckm\7\of/ f] 5 .

To;} n] ;a} lt/ ;'lgG5– ;lRrg] ls ;lSsg] < / fhgLlts bnx? dnsf en eGbf zlQmsf >f] t / ;jn ag] sf eP ;kmn klg x'Gy] . unt af6f] lnP, lghL / u'6ut : jfy{df nfu] cyf{t\ h] aGg rfx] , ToxL eP . t/ ;a} u'dfPsf] / ;'w|g] cj: yf g/ x] sf] x} g . ;do af“sL 5 cem} , ldn] / u/ ] / fd|} glthf lg: sg] 5 . u'6 / efO elthf x] / ] cj: yf cem} v: sg] 5 . …g] tfx?– ;/ sf/ L sf/ vfgf a] R5g\, / S;L vfG5g\ / Snadf gfR5g\ . dxfaL/ k'g– ;8sdf gfR5g\, k': ts a] R5g\ / ;/ sf/ L sf/ vfgf rnfp“5g\ .Ú ;fdflhs ;~hfndf o;/ L l6Kk0fL ug] { cj: yfdf u0ftGqn] k' ¥ ofPs} x} g . g] tfx?sf lqmofsnfkn] k|z+;f ug] { cfwf/ } lbb} g . u0ftGq vt/ fdf 5} g t/ c3f] lift / fhf ag] sfx?n] u0ftGqsf] asf] { n ] cf] ltg vf] Hbf gRofltPnf eGg ;lsb} g . ;Qfdf k' u ] sf sDo' l gi6x? hlt rfpr] : s"sf r] nf / nf] stGqjfbLx? nfn' ofbjsf em8\s] nf ag] kl5 h] x'g'kg] { lyof] , ToxL ePsf] 5 . oyfl: yltdf / xg ;Sg] ;Defjgf 5} g . cufl8 a9\g] gfddf k5fl8 kms{g ldNb} g . af6f] / f] lsP, 5] lsP, h] klg x'g ;S5 . oxL / o: t} x'G5 eGg ;lsb} g .

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@)*) ;fn d+l;/ ^ ut] a'wjf/ (Nov. 22, 2023)

s/ ;Ktfxdf Aoj;foLx?n] u/] u'gf;f] q lzj/ fh kGyL

u9jf, % d+ l ;/ . …xfdLn] / fHonfO{ s/ lt/ ] / Aoj;fo u/ ] sf 5f} + t/ u9jf / / fhk'/ sf s} og ufp“ x ?df Aoj;fo btf{ gu/ ] / } Aoj;fo ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ . lgodg ug] { lgsfo df} g ePkl5 xfdL s/ ltg] {nfO{ df/ k/ ] sf] 5Ú– u9jfsf : yfgLo Aoj;foL ltnsaxfb'/ k'gn] s/ sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ sf k|d'vnfO{ Wofgfsif{0f u/ fpg'eof] . u9jf–^ sf Aoj;foL bLgdl0f cfrfo{n] / fHonfO{ s/ 5n] / Aoj;fo ug] { x ?nfO{ ;DalGwt lgsfon] cg'udg u/ ] / lgodg ug{ cfu|x ug'{eof] . yf] s Aoj;foLx?n] v'b|f Aoj;foLx?nfO{ hyfefjL lan lahs hf/ L u/ ] / ld;Dofrdf kfg] { u/ ] sf]

v'b|f Aoj;foLx?n] u'gf;f] u/ ] . …ufp“3/df Aoj;fo btf{ gu/L /fHonfO{ s/ glt/ ] / } Aoj;fo u/ ] sf x'G5g\ t/ lgodg ug] { lgsfox? s/ sfof{no / pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3 a] va/ h: t} 5g\Ú– d+unaf/ u9jfdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf Aoj;foLx?n] lgodgsf/ L lgsfosf] Wofgfsif{0f u/ fPsf x'g\ . xfdL Aoj;foLx?n] : yfgLo ;/ sf/ , 3/ ] n' sfof{no, cfGtl/ s / fhZj sfof{no cem geP/ pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3 nufotsf lgsfox?df s/ a'emfpg] / Aoj;fo gjLs/ 0f ug'{ k/ ] sf] 5 . / fHonfO{ bf] xf] / f] t] x] / f] s/ a'emfpg' kbf{ cfly{s dGbLn] nk] l6Psf Aoj;foLx?n] s/ sfof{no;“u cfkm"x? knfog x'g] cj: yfdf cfPsf] u'gf;f] u/ ] . cfGtl/ s / fhZj sfof{ n o t'n;Lk'/ sf] cfof] hgf / u9jf pBf] u

g]kfn ;/sf/

df]xLsf] xsbfaL ug{ cfpg]af/] e"ld;'wf/ tyf dfnkf]t sfof{no bfªsf] ;"rgf † xfdLx?sf] ;+oQ ' m gfddf btf{ >]:tf ePsf] tkl;n adf] lhdsf] lsQf hUufsf] df] xL bfª 3f]/fxL p=d=g=kf=–* a'6lgofF ufpF a:g] df]xL uxg' rf}w/Ln] hUuf ef] u ug{ 5f] 8L kl/jf/ ;lxt a;fO{;/fO{ u/L cGoq uPsf] sf/0f cfkm\gf] hUuf cfkm} 3/ v]tLdf sdfO{ cfPsf]n] lgh df]xL uxg' rf}w/Lsf] gfd df]xL nutaf6 s6fOkfpF egL bfª 3f]/fxL p=d=g=kf= j8f g+= * a'6lgofF ufpF a:g] kfj{tf s'df/L rf}w/L ;d]tn] uf=kf=÷g=kf=÷p=d=g=kf= sf] l;kmfl/; ;fy o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg btf{ u/fO{ ;gfvt u/s ] f] cfwf/df df]xL uxg' rf}w/Lsf] gfddf hf/L ePsf] !% lbg] Dofb a]kQ] eGg] Aoxf]/faf6 tfd]nL eO{ cfPsf], a'lemPsf] ufpF ;h{ldgaf6 df]xL a;fO;/fO{ u/L cg]q uPsf] b]lvg cfPsf] / ldlt @)*).)^.@^ df k|sflzt df]xL xs bfjL ;DaGwL !% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgfsf] xs Dofbleq sf]xL s;}sf] xs bfjL ph'/L kg{ gcfPsf]n] clGtd k6s ljz]if cbfnt P]g @)%( sf] bkmf !) -(_ adf]lhd of] #) lbg] df]xL xsbfjL u/L cfpg] af/s ] f] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . tkl;nsf lsQf hUufdf df]xL df] xLsf kl/jf/ jf xs nfUg] cGo sf]xL s;}sf] hf]tef]u eP jf df]xLsf] gfd nutaf6 s§f x'g' gkg] { s'g } dgfl;a sf/0f eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #) lbgleq ;a't k|df0f;lxt e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no bfªdf xsbfaL ph'/L ug{ cfkm} jf sfg'g adf]lhd jf/;] clVtof/ u/L k7fpg'xf]nf . cGoyf dfu bfaL adf]lhd df]xLsf] gfd df]xLsf] nutaf6 s§f eO{ hfg] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

tkl;n

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ug] {5f} +Ú– sfof{no k|d'v rf} nfufO“n] eGg'eof] . u9jf pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf cf] dk|sfz a: ofnsf] cWoIftf tyf cfGtl/ s / fhZj sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ sf k|d'v 6Lsf/ fh rf} nfufO“sf] k|dv' cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf s/ clws[tx? k|] daxfb'/ ;'gf/ , lvdnfn k'g, u9jf pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf lvdaxfb'/ a'9f du/ , lgjt{dfg ;Nnfxsf/ pdfsfGt kGt, g] kfn pBf] u jfl0fHo dxf;+3 n'lDagL k|b] z pk;ldltsf ;b: o / fdbf; ofbj / u9jf xf] 6n Aoj;foL ;+3sf cWoIf bof/ fd yfkfnufotn] af] Ng'ePsf] lyof] . ;+3sf k'j{cWoIf / ljnfn cfrfo{sf] : jfut dGtAoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng dxf;lrj ;GbLk clwsf/ Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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38]/L laqmL;DaGwL ;"rgf † k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)*).)*.)^ / fKtL c~rn bfª lhNnf n'lDagL k|b] z ndxL gu/ kflnsf j8f g+= % l: yt k"j{ klZrd nf] sdfu{;Fu ;dfgfGt/ / x] sf] ndxL gu/ ljsf; ;ldltsf] Knflgª If] qdf kGw|f} + r/ 0fdf tkl;n cg';f/ sf cfjf;Lo tyf Jofkfl/ s 38] / Lx? lznjGbL af] nkq -j9fj9_ åf/ f ljqmL ljt/ 0f ul/ g] ePsfn] OR5's JolQm, ;+3, ;+: yf, sDkgLx?n] tkl;n adf] lhdsf] zt{ clwgdf / xg] u/ L o; ;ldltsf] sfof{nodf k|fKt x'g] u/ L lznjGbL af] nkq k] z ug{ cfx\jfg ul/ G5 .

38] / L ;DjGwL zt{x? != of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #) cf} + lbg cyf{t ldlt @)*).)(.)% ut] leq sfof{no ;dodf jf] nkq kmf/ fd vl/ b u/L #! cf} + lbg cyf{t ldlt @)*).)(.)^ ut] lbgsf] !@=)) jh] leqdf btf{ u/ fO{ ;Sg' kg] {5 . vl/ b tyf bflvnf ug] { clGtd lbg ljbf kg{ uPdf ;f] sf] ef] lnkN6 ;f] xL ;dodf ;f] sfo{ ul/ g] 5 . @= af] nkq kmf/ fd ?= #,))).– -kl5 lkmtf{ gx'g] u/ L_ gub} ;ldltsf] sfof{nodf a'emfO{ k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 . ‌ #= af] nkq kmf/ fdsf] ;fy JolQm eP g] kfnL gful/ stfsf] k|df0fkq, ;+3;+: yf sDkgL eP s/ r'Qmf, Ohfht kq gljs/ 0f nufotsf sfuhft k] z ug{'kg] { 5 . $= cfkm"n] sjf] n u/ ] sf] d"No c+s / cIf/ df k|i6;Fu n] Vg' kg] {5 . c+s / cIf/ df km/ s kg{ uPdf cIf/ nfO{ dfGo lbOg] 5 . %= af] nkqstf{n] 38] / Lsf] d"No sjf] n ubf{ tf] lsPsf] Go"gtd d"Nodf g36\g] u/ L 38] / Lsf] d"No pNn] v ug{'kg] { 5 . ^= btf{ x'g cfPsf lznjGbL af] nkqx? #! cf} + lbg cyf{t ldlt @)*).)(.)^ ut] lbgsf] !=)) ah] ;ldltsf kbflwsf/ L, cfj] bgstf{ jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] / f] xj/ df vf] lng] 5 . af] nkqstf{ pkl: yt gePdf klg jf] nkq vf] Ng s'g} jfwf kg] {5} g . &= lznjGbL af] nkqdf sjf] n ul/ Psf] / sd j/ fj/ x'g uPdf lr¶f -uf] nf_ k|lqmofåf/ f 5'6\ofOg] 5 . *= lznjGbL af] nkq kmf/ fd ;fy cfkm"n] lng rfx] sf] 38] / Lsf] nflu sjf] n u/ ] sf] c+ssf] slDtdf !)Ü -bz k|ltzt_ / sd o; ;ldltsf] ndxLl: yt s[lif ljsf; a} +ssf] vftf g+= )(!())!)!!*(*)!! df hDdf u/ ] sf] 5'§f 5'§} ;Ssn} a} +s ef} r/ k] z ug{'kg] { 5 . (= 38] / L k|fKt ug] { JolQmn] 38] / L kfpg] lg0f{o ePsf] ldltn] 38] / Lsf] sjf] n d"Nosf] klxnf] ls: tf #)Ü -lt; k|ltzt_ () lbgleq, bf] >f] ls: tf #)Ü -lt; k|ltzt_ !*) lbgleq / t] >f] ls: tf #)Ü -lt; k|ltzt_ @&) lbgleq j'emfO{ ;Sg' kg] {5 / w/ f} 6L jfkt hDdf u/ ] sf] / sd clGtd ls: tfdf ldnfg ul/ g] 5 . !)= 38] / L k|fKt ug] { JolQmn] 38] / L jfktsf] klxnf] ls: tf / sd tf] lsPsf] cjlwdf gj'emfPdf w/ f} 6L jfkt hDdf u/ ] sf] / sd hkmt u/ L 38] / L ;ldlts} gfddf / flvg] 5 . ;fy} cGo ls: tf / sd tf] lsPsf] ;do cjlwleq gj'emfPdf k|ltlbg )=)%Ü sf b/ n] ljnDj z'Ns nfUg] 5 . !!= 38] / Lsf] clGtd ls: tf j'emfpg] ldltaf6 nfu' x'g] u/ L ! jif{ leq;Dd dfq ljnDj z'Ns j'emfpg kfOg] 5 . ;f] cjlwleq klg ljnDj z'Ns ;d] t ls: tf / sd gj'emfPdf 38] / L jfkmt hDdf u/ ] sf] w/ f} 6L ;d] t ;Dk"0f{ / sd hkmt u/ L 38] / L ;ldlts} gfddf / flvg] 5 . !@= 38] / L k|fKt ug] { JolQmn] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ls: tf / sd clu|d hDdf u/ ] df zt{ ljkl/ t ePsf] dflgg] 5} g . !#= ;ldltjf6 k|fKt 38] / Lx? 6'qmf jf lsQfsf6 ug{ kfOg] 5} g . !$= l/ t gk'u] sf] jf Dofb gf3L cfPsf af] nkq kmf/f dx?nfO{ dfGotf lbOg] 5} g . !%= k] z ePsf af] nkq kmf/ fd : jLs[t ug] { jf gug] { ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ o; ;ldltdf lgxLt / xg] 5 . !^= lznjGbL af] nkq kmf/ fdleq w/ f} 6L jfktsf] / sd gub / fVg kfOg] 5} g . gub / fv] sf] kfOPdf : jtM / 2 ePsf] dflgg] 5 . !&= 38] / Lsf] gS;f tyf 38] / L ;DjGwL cGo hfgsf/ Lsf] nflu sfof{no ;doleq ;Dks{ / fVg ;lsg] 5 . ;Dks{ kmf] g g+= )*@–$!&))# !*= o;df pNn] lvt zt{x? cltl/ Qm cGo s'/ fx? k|rlnt sfg'g adf] lhd x'g] 5 . tkl;n l;= Kn6 g+= ls=g+= g+=

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@)*) ;fn d+l;/ ^ ut] a'wjf/ lh=k|zf=sf= bfª b=g+= @!÷)%%÷)%^ $ SofG;/ kLl8tsf] ;xof]usf nflu clkn ljZj;gLo==== (Nov. 22, 2023)

t'n;Lk'/ , % d+l;/ -o';_– SofG;/ kLl8t t' n ;Lk' / –!( ;qmfdsL %@ jifL{of lji0f' / fjtn] cfkm\gf] pkrf/ df ;xof] u ul/ lbg clkn ug'{ePsf] 5 . ljut s] xL dlxgfb] lv cfkm" SofG;/ / f] un] u|: t ePsf] / cfly{s cj: yf lgs} gfh's ePsf] n] pkrf/ df ;d: of ePsf] x' “ b f bftfx?;“u ;xof] usf] ck] Iff u/ ] sf] / fjtn] atfpg'eof] . …a] r] / pkrf/ ug{nfO{ hUuf hldg 5} g . >Ldfg\ a] / f] huf/ x'g'x'G5 . Pp6f 5f] / L Tof] klg cfkmGtn] k9fOlbPsf 5g\ . c: ktfnn] pkrf/ ug{ !) nfv

?k} of“ nfU5 eg] sf] 5 . olt w] / } k} ;f sxf“af6 h'6fpg' < pkrf/ gkfP/ } dg] { cj: yf 5 .Ú / fjtsf] pkrf/ sf nflu t' n ;Lk' / pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] ;+3Lo / k|b] z ;/ sf/ af6 SofG;/ kLl8tsf nflu lbOg] ;xof] u pknAw u/ fOlbg l;kmfl/ ; ul/ ;s] sf] / : yfgLo: t/ af6 klg ;xof] u ;+ s ngsf] sfd hf/ L / x] sf] n] ;Sbf] ;xof] u ul/ lbgsf nflu t'n;Lk'/ –!( sf j8f ;b: o /fdaxfb'/ kf}8]nn] cg'/f]w ug'e{ Psf] 5 . / fjtnfO{ (*%&*$*!#) df ;Dks{ u/ ] / ;xof] u ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

au/df====

gZn ;'wf/ ubf{ e} +;Lsf] pTkfbsTj a9fpg ;lsg] ePsfn] k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] e} +;Lsf] gZn ;'wf/ df Wofg lbg] u/ L sfo{qmd agfpg cfjZos / x] sf] kz' lrlsT;s nf] s/ fh e';fnn] atfpg'eof] .

rflxPsf] 5 . gZn ;'wf/ gx'“bf ;d: of eof] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …;/ sf/ n] w] / } e} +;L kflnPsf] If] qdf Wofg lbPg . w] / } kflnPsf] If] qnfO{ Wofgdf / fv] / sfo{qmd agfpg'k5{ .Ú r/ g If] q cltqmd0f ePsfn] ;d: of k/ ] sf] egfO ls;fg ;h{'k|;fb ofbjsf] 5 . vf] nfsf] lsgf/ df ;d] t v] tL ul/ Psf] 5 .

Toxf“ r/ g If] q / x] sf] bfaL pxf“sf] 5 . clg clxn] kfgL gkbf{ 3f“; pd|] sf] 5} g . …kfgL k/ ] g . 3f“; 5} g . r/ g If] q klg 36\b} 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …au/ df v] tL x'g yfNof] . h+undf 3f“; 5} g . s;/ L e} +;L kfNg] . ;d: of x'g yfNof] .Ú / fhk'/ ufp“kflnsf w] / } e} +;L kflnPsf] kflnsfleq k5{ . ufp“kflnsfn] e} +;L kfns ls;fgnfO{ nlIft u/ ] / esf/ f] ;'wf/ , uf] 7 ;'wf/ , r/ g If] q ;'b[l9s/ 0f, pGgt 3f“; / f] k0f nufotsf] sfo{qmd rnfO/ x] sf] ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf z/ bs'df/ a'9fyf] sLn] atfpg' eof] . …r/ g If] q v'lDrof] eg] / lrGtf ug{'kb{} g .

To;sf] nflu 3f“; / f] Kg ;lsG5 .

3f“; / f] k] / 3/ d} e} +;L kfNg ;lsG5 . o;df kflnsfn] ;xof] u u5{Ú– cWoIf a'9fyf] sLn] eGg'eof] – …ePsf] r/ g If] qsf] ;+/ If0f ug{] , 3f“; / f] Kg] clg 3/ d} ;'/ lIft?kdf kz'kfngnfO{ ;xof] u k'Ug] u/ L sfo{qmd agfPsf 5f} + .Ú n'lDagL k|b] zdf !! nfv e} +;L / x] sf] tYof+s 5 . gZn ;'wf/ u/ ] / pTkfbg a9fpg ;lsG5 .

lh=x'=sf= b=g+= #÷)%%÷)%^ www.nayayougbodh.com/E-mail: yougbodh@gmail.com

kLl8t ;d'bfosf tTsfnLg / bL3{sfnLg cfjZostfsf cfwf/ df kl/ k"/ 0f;DaGwL sfo{qmd nfu" ug{ ;/ sf/ sf] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f u/ fpg rfxG5f} + .Ú lj: t[t zflGt ;Demf} tf, ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf] km} ;nf, kLl8t ;d'bfosf] ;/ f] sf/ Pj+ / fHosf] cGt/ f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL

: yfkgf ug{ : jtGq / lgikIf l;kmfl/ ; ;ldlt u7g u/ L cfof] u u7g u/ ] / kLl8td} qL Pj+ n} +lus ;To cGj] if0f k|lqmof cjnDag ug{'k5{Ú– lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5– …;To, Gofo / kl/ k"/ 0fsf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ Pj+

sfg'g cg's"n x'g] u/ L cfkm\gf]

;fj{ef} d clwsf/ sf] pkof] u u/ L pQm ljrf/ fwLg ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo;DaGwL P] g ;+zf] wgsf

nflu k|: t't ljw] os tTsfn kfl/ t ug{ ;+;bLo ;ldlt / l;+uf] ;+;b\;“u kLl8t ;d'bfo hf] 8bf/ dfu ub{5 elgPsf] 5 . ;+;b\df

ljrf/ fwLg pQm ;+zf] wg ljw] os ;+;b\sf] sfg'g, Gofo tyf dfgj clwsf/ ;ldltcGtu{t

l;h{gzLn cfwf/e"t ljBfno afx'g8f“8f lzIfs cfjZostf 3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf ;fdflhs ljsf; dxfzfvfsf] r=g+= !%& sf] cg'dlt kq tyf o; ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] ldlt @)*) c;f]h * ut] a;]sf] j}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ o; ljBfnodf l/Qm /x]sf] ;§f lzIfs kbdf lzIff lgodfjnL @)%( sf] lgod (& adf]lhd Ps jif{sf nflu lzIfs lgo'lQm ug{ k/]sf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's JolQmaf6 b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 . lj1fkg g+= !.@)*).)*! txM k|f=lj= t[tLo -;§f lzIfs_ ;+VofM ! hgf pd]/M !* b]lv $) jif{ z}lIfs of]UotfM cfO{=P= jf ;f] ;/x tnaM g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgod cg';f/ lgj]bg b:t'/M ?= !))).– dfq cfjZos sfuhftx?M g]kfnL gful/stf, cWofkg cg'dlt kq, z}lIfs of]Uotfsf k|df0fkqx?sf] k|ltlnlk @÷@ k|lt / x:tlnlvt lgj]bg lgj]bg lbg] clGtd ldltM @)*) d+l;/ @) ut] $ ah];Dd k'gZrM n'lDagL k|b]z leq /x]sf k|f=lj= t[tLo >]0fL s/f/ ;"rLsf pDd]bjf/ lgj]bg lbg cfPdf cGosf] b/vf:t b:t'/ ;lxt b/vf:t lkmtf{ ul/g]5 . ;Dks{ g+= (*%&*$)((( k|wfgfWofks

3f]/fxL–!%, bfª ;Dks{ g+= )*@–%^!*^*

sd{rf/L cfjZostf o; ;'ne jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf nflu lgDg kbdf sd{rf/L cfjZostf k/]sf]n] OR5's JolQmn] lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf . kbM ahf/ k|ltlglw ;+VofM s]xL sfo{If]qM 3f]/fxL ahf/ z}lIfs of]UotfM SLC/SEE/+2 kf; kmf/d z'NsM ?= !%).– dfq kmf/d a'emfpg] clGtd ldltM @)*) d+l;/ !) ut];Dd tnaM ;+:yfsf] lgod cg';f/ ljz]iftfM cg'ejLnfO{ ljz]if u|fxotf lbOg]5 . cWoIf

efvf gf3]sf] shf{ a'emfpg]af/] s[lif ljsf; a}+s ln= k|b]z sfof{no, bfªsf] @! lbg] ;"rgf Û k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)*).)*.)^ ut] o; a}+ssf] tkl;nsf sfof{nox?af6 tkl;n adf]lhdsf JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgLx?n] lgDg p2]Zosf nflu ljleGg ldltdf shf{ lnO{ xfn;Dd shf{ ga'emfO{ efvf gf3L lgDg n]lvP adf]lhd cg';f/sf] /sd a'emfpg] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt sfof{non] jf/Djf/ tfs]tf ubf{ klg cfn6fn u/L a'emfpg'kg]{ shf{sf] ;fFjf, Jofh tyf a}+sn] kfpg'kg]{ cGo /sd ;d]t ga'emfPsf] x'Fbf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] @! lbgleq ;DalGwt sfof{nodf a'emfpgsf nflu of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . pNn]lvt ldltleq klg /sd bflvnf x'g gcfPdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g @)&#, s[lif ljsf; a}+s ln= sf] shf{ c;'nL sfo{ljlw tyf k|rlnt P]g lgod adf]lhd shf{ lnbf n]lvlbPsf] lwtf] lnnfd laqmL jf cGo Joj:yf u/L a}+ssf] ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g] Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ . ;fy} tkl;n adf]lhdsf JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgLx?nfO{ a}+saf6 shf{ lng d~h'/Lgfdf lbg] AolQmx?nfO{ ;d]t o;} ;"rgfåf/f shf{ a'emfpg hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5 .

;DalGwt sfof{nosf] gfd M zfvf sfof{no, lqdfu{ qm= shf{ u|fxssf] gfd ;= -kmd{ / k|f]k|fO6/ sf] gfd÷sDkgL tyf ;~rfnsx?sf] gfd_ 1.

7]ufgf

afh]sf] gfd

u|fxssf] lktf÷klt÷kTgLsf] gfd

lhNnfM bfª

p2]Zo

;fFjf /sd ?=

ldlt @)*).)&.#) hDdf ;Ddsf] Jofh tyf ltg'{kg{] cGo /sd /sd

lh=Pd= lu|n pBf]u 3f]/fxL–!*, gjnk'/ /fd axfb'/ dfg axfb'/ 3tL{ du/÷ pBf]u shf{ !(,)),))).– !,*#,(#@.– -k|f]= a;Gt axfb'/ 3tL{ du/_ cf]vn9'+ufrf]s, bfª gf/fo0fL 3tL{ du/

ul7t pk;ldltn] em08} kf“r dlxgfkl5 ;ldlt;dIf k] z u/ ] sf] 5 .

sd{rf/L cfjZostf ;DjGwL ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)*).)*.)^ lj1fkg g+= M )*)÷)*!÷)$ ;'g5x/ L ufpFkflnsf, / f] Nkfsf] cfly{s ;xof] u / x] km/ k|f] h] S6 g] kfnsf] cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof] udf / zlxb kl/ jf/ ;dfh g] kfn,c3f{vfFrL åf/ f ;+rfng eO/ x] sf] æs[lif tyf kz' ljsf;df cfwfl/ t ;fgf ls;fg tyf o"jf pBdlzntf ;fem] bf/ L kl/ of] hgfÆ sf nflu tkl;ndf pNn] lvt kbdf sd{rf/ Lsf] cfjZostf ePsfn] of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq b/ vf: t cfx\jfg ul/ G5 . != kb M kl/ of] hgf ;+of] hs kb ;+Vof M ! -Ps_ hgf Go"gtd of] Uotf M l s[lif lj1fg÷kz' lj1fg÷u|fdL0f ljsf;÷;dfh zf: q ljifodf : gfts tx jf ;f] ;/ x pQL0f{ u/ L ;fd'bflos ljsf; tyf afv|f, b"w / t/ sf/ Lsf] d"No >+[vnfdf slDtdf # jif{sf] sfof{g'ej ePsf] . l of] hgf th'{df, ah] 6 Joj: yfkg, kl/ of] hgf sfof{Gjog, cg'udg, d"Nof+sg tyf k|ltj] bg n] vg ;DaGwL 1fg, l;k / cg'ej ePsf] . l ;fgf ls;fg ;jlns/ 0f tyf pBdlzn ;fem] bf/ L sfo{qmd ;DaGwL 1fg, ;Lk / cg'ej ePsf] . l sd{rf/ L Joj: yfkg tyf kl/ rfng, tflnd Joj: yfkg / ;xhLs/ 0f ;DaGwL 1fg, ;Lk / cg'ej ePsf] . l s[lif tyf kz' j: t'df cfwfl/ t Joj;fo tyf pBdlzntfdf dlxnf tyf o'jfx?sf] ;xeflutf, ;fdflhs kl/ rfng, s[lif tyf kz'hGo j: t'x?sf] ahf/ Ls/ 0fdf ljz] if bIftf ePsf] . l : yfgLo ;/ sf/ tyf cGo ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx?;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ u/L sfo{ ug{;Sg] . l sDKo'6/ (Ms-Word, Ms-Excel, Ms-Power Point, Internet) ;DaGwL bIftf ePsf] . l df] 6/ ;fOsn rnfpg ;Sg] / ;jf/ L rfns cg'dlt kq ePsf] . l kl/ of] hgf ;+of] hs slDtdf *) k|ltzt ;dofjlw kl/ of] hgf If] qdf a: g'kg] {5 . @= ;] jf ;'ljwf M kl/ of] hgfsf] lgodfg';f/ x'g] 5 . #= b/ vf: t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)*)÷)*÷!@ sfof{no ;doleq . $= k/L Iffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt, cGtjf{tf{ / cfjZostf cg';f/ k|of] ufTds %= cfjZos sfuhftx? M s'g kbdf cfj] bg u/ ] sf] xf] ;f] sf] ljj/ 0f ;d] t v'Ng] u/ L lgj] bg, JolQmut ljj/ 0f -afof] 8f6f_, z} lIfs of] Uotfsf] k|df0fkq, gful/ stfsf] k|df0fkq, ;DalGwt ljifosf] sfof{g'ej kq, kf;kf] 6{ ;fOhsf] kmf] 6f] / cGo cfjZos sfuhftx?sf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnkL zlxb kl/ jf/ ;dfh g] kfn, c3f{vfFrL jf zfvf sfof{no / f] Nkf jf ;'g5x/ L ufpFkflnsfsf] kz';] jf zfvfsf] sfof{nodf b/ vf: t a'emfpg'kg] {5 . gf] 6 M k|f/ lDes 5gf} 6df k/ ] sf pDd] b\jf/ x?nfO{ dfq lnlvt k/L Iffdf ;dfj] z u/ fOg] 5 . /L t gk'u] sf, Dofb gf3L cfPsf b/ vf: t pk/ s'g} sf/ jfxL ul/ g] 5} g .

3f]/fxL–!^, bfª

;'ne jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=

;dfrf/

lwtf] d~h'/Lgfdf lbg]÷hdfgt a:g]sf] gfd

@),*#,(#@.– gf/fo0fL 3tL{ du/

zlxb kl/jf/ ;dfh g]kfn, c3f{vf“rL

s[lif ljsf; a}+s ln=

;Dks{ g+= M (*$*$$!*&&, (*%!!*%!%&, (*^&@!@@#$ cyjf dfly pNn]lvt cfjZos sfuhft o; ;+:yfsf] Od]n spsnepalb@gmail.com df klg k7fpg ;lsg]5 .

g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 …sÚ ju{sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;+:yf

k|b]z sfof{no, bfª

xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf o; >L dfWolds ljBfno hh/fufp“ 3f]/fxL–^, bfªaf6 z}lIfs ;q @)&(÷)*) ;fnsf] /fli6«o k/LIff af]8{af6 lnOPsf] sIff !@ sf] k/LIffdf ;xefuL eO{ pQL0f{ x'g] ;Dk"0f{ 5fq÷5fqfx?nfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ pQ/f]Q/ z}lIfs k|ultsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

ljkgf 3tL{

k'ikf vqL

cflzif a:g]t

dbg kf08]o

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k|ltef rf}w/L

e'df k'g du/

/fhg 3tL{ du/

e/t vqL

lztn jnL

PnL; Gof}kfg]

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k|bLk jnL

cDaf 3tL{{

s'n axfb'/ jnL

cf/tL 3tL{ du/

lagf]b g]kfnL

lu/f s]=;L=

s]zj v8\sf

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v'df ;'gf/

dfwj cfrfo{

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dgf]h k'g

lgzfg rf}w/L

k'gd k'g

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;l/tf s'df/L jnL

zld{nf yfkf

l;df]g a:g]t

3.28

2.46

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3.25

2.44

Pass

3.17

2.41

Pass

e]if/fh zdf{ vgfn cWoIf– lj=Jo=;=

3.02

2.4

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3.01

2.14

2.78

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Pass

Pass

lzj/fh s]=;L= cWoIf– lz=c=;+3

2.64

Pass

Pass

2.58

Pass

Pass

2.55

Pass

Pass

2.54

Pass

Pass

ltn k|;fb 3tL{ du/ k|wfgfWofks

Pj+

>L dfWolds ljBfno hh/fufp“ kl/jf/ 3f]/fxL–^, bfª

kmf]gM (*$*!&)%(&, Od]nM ghorahimavijajaragaun@gmail.com, Website: jajaragaumavi.edu.np gofF o'uaf]w k|sfzg k|f=ln= åf/f k|sflzt, ;+: yfks Pj+ ;Nnfxsf/ M gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{, cWoIf tyf k|aGw lgb]{zs M k|tfk /]UdL, ;Dkfbs M nIdL cfrfo{, ;dfrf/ ;Dkfbs M h]=Pg= ;fu/

Joj: yfksM Clif/fh kf]v|]n

d'b|s M k|ltef ckm;]6 k|];, sfof{noM 3f]/fxL bfª, n'lDagL k|b]z, g]kfn kmf]g M )*@–%^))*$, %^!#)#, )*@–%^)($*, zfvf sfof{nox?M /fKtL pkTosf -b]pv'/L_– )*@–%()$*%, t'n;Lk'/– %@)($*, ndxL– (*%&*$)@$!, E-mail : yougbodh@gmail.com CMYK