Trader's Dispatch February 2025

FEBRUARY 2025

Vol. XXVI No. 1 P.O. Box 997 Conrad, MT 59425-0997

Phone 406-271-5533 Fax 406-271-5727 website: tradersdispatch.com E-MAIL: advertising @ tradersdispatch.com

Golden Triangle barley seminar

From the MSU News Service Barley producers are invited to attend the Golden Triangle barley update hosted by Montana State University Extension on Thursday, February 13, at the Pondera Shooting Sports Complex in Conrad. This free event, which is held every three years, will feature leading industry professionals and provide updates on production, marketing and trends. One private or commercial pesticide applicator credit will be available those who attend.

Registration is from 8:15 to 8:45 a.m., and the event will run from 8:45 a.m. to 4 p.m. Agenda highlights include the following: Jamie Sherman, MSU barley breeder, will present updates on barley varieties and the breeding program at MSU. Representatives from Malteurop, Molson Coors and Anheuser-Busch InBev will discuss industry barley varieties.

Hannah Uhlmann from the MSU Barley, Malt and Brewing Quality Lab will explain malt specifications and their applications.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A2

PRODUCTION SALES

Feb 15, Sparks & 7C Herefords, Plevna MT................................................. A8 Feb 17, Big Sky Salers, Dickinson ND.......................................................... A4 Feb 17, Bulls of the Big Sky Simmental, Angus, SimAngus, Billings MT.... A6 Feb 17 - 19, Lazy D Red Angus, Online...................................................... A15 Feb 22, Never Sweat Ranch, Ramsey MT................................................... A10 Feb 25, Connelly Angus, Valier MT............................................................. A12 Mar 1, 3C Cattle, Black Angus, Stevensville MT........................................ A13 Mar 1, Redland Red Angus & Gelbvieh, Hysham MT................................. A14 Mar 3, Clear Creek Angus & Weaver Herefords, Chinook MT.................... A17 Mar 4, Apex Angus, Valier MT..................................................................... A19 Mar 4, O’Hara Land & Cattle Maine-Anjou, Maine Angus & Maine Tainer, Online...................................................................................................... A21 Mar 6, Hill’s Ranch Simmentals, Stanford MT........................................... A25 Mar 6, Split Diamond Ranch Angus, Dillon MT.......................................... A23 Mar 7, Sutherlin Farms Red Angus, Stevensville MT................................. A20 Mar 10, Veseth Cattle Co., Red Angus, Glasgow MT.................................. A27 Mar 11, Veltkamp Angus, Manhattan MT................................................... A26 Mar 13, Fritz Red Angus, Brady MT............................................................ A29 Mar 15, Gnerer Angus, Olive MT................................................................. A22 Mar 15, Duncan Ranch Co, Herefords, Joplin MT...................................... A33 Mar 17, Whistling Winds Angus, Inc, Hingham MT.................................... A28 Mar 20, Malek Angus Ranch, Highwood MT.............................................. A30 Mar 22, Valley View Charolais, Polson MT................................................. A31 Mar 25, Open Gate Ranch, Black, Red, Simmental, SimAngus, Augusta MT... ................................................................................................................ A35 Mar 26, Westphal Registered Red Angus, Grass Range MT...................... A32 Mar 26, Peterson Grain & Cattle, Angus, Havre MT................................... A37 Mar 27, Kicking Horse Ranch, Gelbvieh, Online MT.................................. A33 Apr 3, Arntzen Angus Ranch, Lewistown MT............................................. A34 Apr 26, Eayrs Ranch, Glasgow MT............................................................. A39 May 8, Koenig Ranch Reds, Glasgow MT................................................... A36 May 30-31, Roundup Horse Sale, Roundup MT......................................... A22

AUCTIONS

Feb 1 - 15, Musser Bros Auctions & Real Estate, Lloyd Gregory Bradbrook Estate, Online.............................................................................................. A5 Feb 1 - 25, Musser Bros Auctions & Real Estate, Barry & Bonnie Kinsfather, Online.......................................................................................................... A7 Feb 5 - 19, Big Mountain Auctions, Farm, Construction & Truck, Online..... A2 Feb 10 - 20 Smeltzer Auctions & Real Estate, Canfield Moving #2 & Guest, Online.......................................................................................................... A4 Feb 10 - 19, Booker Auction, Annual Northwest Potato & Onion, Online... A11 Feb 17 - 26, Booker Auction, Western Washington Ag & Machinery, Online.... ................................................................................................................... A11 Feb - Mar 4, Musser Bros Auctions & Real Estate, Gregory Miller Estate, Online........................................................................................................ A24 Feb - Mar 18, Musser Bros Auctions & Real Estate, Dallas & Cindy Steiger, Online........................................................................................................ B14 Feb 28 - Mar 19, Booker Auction, Early Spring Eltopia & Offsite, Online... A11 Mar 15, Balog Auction Services, Inc, Haraga Farms LTD, Lethbridge, AB Canada...................................................................................................... A33 May 11, Smith Sales Co, Spring Fever Machinery, Miles City MT.............. A38 Spring 2025, Musser Bros Auctions & Real Estate, Equipment, Conrad MT..... ................................................................................................................... C11

The Trader’s Dispatch prize wheel was a popular feature at the 2025 MAGIE. Here Geri Aaberg-Schulz and Jean Aaberg watch as these boy spin the wheel. Photo by Suzy Benzing

Annual Beef Feedlot Roundtables scheduled across Nebraska Join Nebraska Feedlot Extension at three locations across the state February 18, 19 and 20 to dive into a series of timely topics relevant to feedlot management.

The program will include Managing hairy heel wart in the feedyard with Becky Funk, veterinarian with UNL’s Great Plains Veterinary Education Center

PRIVATE TREATY

Anchor Polled Herefords, Vaughn MT........................ A9 Brownell Polled Herefords, Pendroy MT.................... A8 Browning Angus, Fallon MT..................................... A16 Dallas Polled Herefords, Canyon Creek MT............. A14 Duncan Ranch Co, Herefords, Joplin MT................. A33 K.L. Slagsvold Herefords, Lindsay MT........................ A8 McMurry Cattle, Herefords, Billings MT..................... A8 Shoco Red Angus, Augusta MT................................ A41 Thomas Herefords, Gold Creek MT............................ A8 Wichman Herefords, Moore MT.................................. A8

Leveraging cattle implant strategies for greater gains with Jessica Sperber, Nebraska Extension feedlot specialist UNL Beef Innovation and research update with Galen Erickson, Nebraska Extension feedlot specialist Feedyard personnel management with Pete Anderson, Midwest PMS Market outlook with Jeff Stolle from Nebraska Cattlemen Each Roundtable runs from 10 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. local time.

Tuesday, February 18, Bridgeport, NeCONTINUED ON PAGE A2

OTHER DATED

Mar 4, Montana Pulse Crop Committee & Northern Pulse Growers Assoc, Shelby MT...................................... A6

MDA requesting 2025 Specialty Crop Block Grant applications

The Montana Department of Agriculture (MDA) is now accepting applications for over $3 million in federal funding available through the Specialty Crop Block Grant (SCBG) program.

The purpose of the SCBG program is to enhance the competitiveness of specialty

crops in Montana. Specialty crops include fruits and vegetables, peas, lentils, dried fruits, as well as horticulture, nursery crops, and floriculture. State and/or local organizations, government entities, producer associations, academia, community-based CONTINUED ON PAGE A2

ADVERTISING DEADLINE FOR MARCH ISSUE

Wednesday, Febuary 26 Advertiser Index B1

Email: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

Recipe Patch A46

Website: www.tradersdispatch.com

Golden Triangle barley seminar

Trader’s Dispatch February 2025 — Page A2

CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

Full Truck Service Department Extensive Parts Department Routine Maintenance Truck wash & detailing DOT inspections Truck accessories Oil changes

NEW PHONE NUMBER

(406) 466-2623

Jim Beusekom from Market Place Commodities in Lethbridge, Alberta, will cover the marketing of off-grade barley.

Ashley McFarland from the American Malting Barley Association will share insights on the future of barley.

Steve Scheffels, vice president of the Montana Grain Growers Association, will provide an update on the Farm Bill.

Kera Birkeland, director of policy at the Montana Grain Growers Association, will discuss relevant policy updates.

The seminar will also include a malting barley industry panel discussion featuring Katelin Standley from AnheuserBusch, Cody Shick from Molson Coors, Mark Black from Malteurop, Jeff Farkell from Centrol Crop Consulting, Sam Anderson from Malteurop and Dave Tweet from Tweet Consulting.

Attendees will have the opportunity to ask questions and engage with industry experts. Lunch will be provided courtesy of the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee.

Event sponsors and contributors include Centrol Crop Consulting, Malteurop, Anheuser-Busch InBev, Molson Coors, American Malting Barley Association and the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee.

Beef Feedlot Roundtables CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

braska, Prairie Winds Community Center Wednesday, February 19, Gothenburg, Nebraska, Bayer Water Utilization Learning Center Thursday, February 20, West Point, Nebraska, Nielsen Community Center Pre-registration is requested by Friday, February 14 at: https://go.unl.edu/2025roundtable The cost is $20, payable online at registration or at the door via cash or check. Lunch will be provided.

Specialty Crop Block Grants CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

organizations, nonprofit organizations, and other specialty crop stakeholders are eligible to apply either as single entities or in combined efforts.

Eligible projects include improving efficiency and sustainability of specialty crop industries, research, education, developing new and improved varieties, improving the capacity of the distribution chain, enhancing food safety, pest, and disease control. For a complete list of guidelines and eligibility requirements, please visit: agr.mt.gov/SpecialtyCropBlockGrants.

Grant proposals are due to the Montana Department of Agriculture by 5:00 p.m. on February 28, 2025. Technical assistance calls will be held on January 22, 2025, at 1:00 p.m. and February 21, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. For more information, please visit agr.mt.gov/SpecialtyCropBlockGrants or email scbg@mt.gov

THE TRADER’S DISPATCH (USPS 019-793)

FEBRUARY 2025 — Vol. XXVI No. 1 Published monthly by Trader’s Dispatch Inc., PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997. Free on request to farmers, ranchers, heavy equipment owners and truckers in the Western United States.

Non-qualifying in-state annual subscription fee is $15.

Out-of-state nonqualifying U.S. annual subscription $25.

Periodicals Postage Paid at Conrad, MT and at additional mailing offices.

DEADLINE FOR MARCH ISSUE

Wednesday, February 26 Postmaster: Send address changes to Trader’s Dispatch, PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997 Jean Aaberg, production Geri Aaberg, circulation Kathy Peterson, ad layout Suzy Benzing, sales and ad layout

Office Phone 406-271-5533 e-mail: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

FAX 406-271-5727

www.tradersdispatch.com

Notice: Advertisers purchase space and circulation only. All property rights to any advertisements produced for the advertiser by Trader’s Dispatch, using artwork or typography furnished or arranged by Trader’s Dispatch shall be the property of Trader’s Dispatch. No such ad or any part thereof may be reproduced or assigned without the consent of Trader’s Dispatch. If camera ready copy is submitted, a PDF is preferred with all fonts embedded. All black type must be 100% black and color must be CMYK. WE CANNOT GUARANTEE PRINTING QUALITY on any ads sent in RGB and/or built on non-standard publishing programs, i/e, Word or Power Point. If the format is incorrect we may need to rebuild your ad. We have graphic designers available to build your ad, simply send us ad copy along with any photos you wish to include. Photos should be high resolution sent as JPGs. No thumbnail photos please.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A3

3805 North Yellowstone Highway • Idaho Falls, ID, 83401 • 208-538-1678 • equipment@davidsteedco.com 2023 Skid Pro 2 SP-01-1551-84 Available! new snow blower attachment for skid steer. 84″ wide, 20″ fan, G6 motor package, comes with universal harness and toggle control in separate box, 2 year manufacturer warranty, attachment only...............................................$7950

2017 Atlas Copco QAS70 FT4 Generator 5735 hours, 70 KV, diesel. Stock #11281..................... ............................................. $24,500.....$19,500

2015 JCB 506-36 telehandler 2280 hours, 6000 lb. lift capacity, 36′ lift height, ROPS, 48″ carriage, 48″ forks. Stock #11297................ $47,500

2018 Case 821G Wheel Loader 3261 hours, cab, air conditioning, coupler, 4 yard bucket, radial tires. Stock #11329............................ $135,000

2019 Case 570N EP Skip Loader 1735 hours, OROPS, 4×4, box blade. Stock #11330 .......... ............................................................ $47,500

2015 Hyster H50CT Forklift – Straight Mast – 1066 hours, 5,000 lb. capacity, 83/189 triple stage, side shift, LPG. Stock #11320 .............. .......................................... $22,000.....$17,000

2017 JLG G5-18A Telehandler 2888 hours, 5,500 lb. lift capacity, 18-ft. lift height, cab, 4WD. Stock #11306 ........................... $49,500

2016 Caterpillar 262D skid steer, 2307 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, air ride seat, hydraulic quick coupler, engine block heater. Stock #11085......... $46,500

We also RENT Equipment!

Give us a call! 208.538.1678

2018 Case 580N EP Backhoe 1913 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extend-a-hoe.

Stock #11310...................................... $59,500

2015 Freightliner M2 Truck – Tractor 109,000 miles, 4,500 hours, Cummins ISL 300 HP engine, Allison 3000HS 6 speed auto transmission, Meritor 5.29 rear end, tandem axle, 274″ wheelbase. Stock #11302 .................. $44,500

2015 Caterpillar 262D Skid Steer 2602 hours, cab, air conditioning, hydraulic quick coupler.

Stock #11099...................................... $46,500 2017 Case 721G Wheel Loader 3503 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, JRB coupler, ride control. Stock #11323........................ $125,000

14 Available - $2500/ea.

Single Axle Dollies 20,000 lb. GVWR, 295/75R-22.5 tires.

2015 John Deere 410L Backhoe 3431 hours, cab, air, heat, 4x4, extend-a-hoe, pilot controls, front quick coupler, forks and bucket.

Stock #11333...................................... $69,500

2013 Grove RT530E-2 crane, 2885 hours, 30-ton capacity rough terrain crane, 29-95-ft. 4-section boom, 26 – 45-ft. jib extension, Cummins QSB6.7 Tier 4 final engine, Clark T20000 Transmission. Stock #11313..............................$125,000

2020 John Deere 310SL backhoe, 1290 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extend-a-hoe, pilot controls, ride control, front coupler. Stock #11315................................................ $79,500

2018 Case 821G Wheel Loader 3580 hours, cab, air, heat, 3rd valve, quick coupler, 4 yard bucket.

Stock #11335.............................................. $Call

2019 John Deere 310L EP Backhoe 3900 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extenda-hoe, 4-in-1 bucket. Stock #11316 ... $59,500

2017 JLG G5-18A Telehandler 1672 hours, 5,500 lb. lift capacity, 18-ft. lift height, open cab, 4WD. Stock #11308..................... $45,000

2018 Case 721G wheel loader 2490 hours, new radial tires, 3rd valve, quick coupler, ride control, 3-1/2 yd. bucket, cab, air conditioning.

Stock #11294......................................$129,000

8 Available

2012 Hitachi ZX50U-3 mini excavator 3834 hours, cab, air and heat, auxiliary hydraulics, hydraulic thumb, bucket. Stock #10866........... .......................................... $45,000.....$39,500

2018 Bobcat T650 skid steer 2533 hours, cab, air, heat, pilot controls Stock #11311..$39,500

2017 Atlas Copco XAS185KD7 T4F air compressor 2100 hours, 185 CFM, towable. Stock #11279................................................ $14,900

2018 John Deere 310L EP backhoe, 5355 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extend-a-hoe, auxiliary hydraulics, pilot controls.

Stock #11301...................................... $48,500

Partial Listing only - many more available for RENT or SALE.

www.davidsteedco.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A4

Monday, 2025 M ond day, FFebruary eb bruary 117, 5, 2021 Stockmen’s Livestock Livestock •• Dick Dickinson, ND Stockmen’s kinson, ND Silent Auction Auction Silent

41st Annual 37th Annuall

BIG SKY SALERS BULL SALE

All Purebred • All Polled • DNA tested for Black, Polled and BVD-PI

d and BVD-PI All Purebred • All Polled • DNA tested for Black, Polled

Selling Selling 30 30 Powerful Bulls!

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Big Big Sky Sky Salers Salers Bill Family Billand andFloreta Floreta Helm Helm Family Box 174 • Angela, MT 59312 Box 174 • Angela, MT 59312 (406) (406)557-6259 557-6259 ••(406) (406) 853-0344 853-0344

Financing Available up to 60 Months*

COME SEE US AT OUR BOOTH AT THE 2025 MATE SHOW IN BILLINGS, MT FEBRUARY 20-22

THE ONLY SALES REP YOU WILL EVER NEED

*See dealer for details

ANDY SWENSON RETAIL SALES MANAGER - MONTANA (406) 598-2149 andy.swenson@equipmentshare.com

Call Andy and ask about our large selection of reliable new & used equipment for sale, including utility vehicles, skid steers, excavators, forklifts, aerial lifts, and more. We have the new & used equipment you need to complete your fleet.

CANFIELD MOVING #2 & GUEST ONLINE AUCTION Glendive, Montana

AUCTION CLOSES - THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 2025 • 7:00 PM ITEMS LOCATED AT 203 HIGHLAND PARK ROAD PREVIEW SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 1-2:30 PM

NILE Foundation Scholarship Program A new year brings new opportunities for youth in agriculture! The NILE Foundation is now accepting applications for scholarships for the 2024-2025 academic year.

For over 30 years, the NILE (Northern International Livestock Exposition) has awarded scholarships to deserving FFA and 4-H students who have been leaders in their respective programs, excelled in the classroom, participated in NILE events and are actively involved in their communities.

“Youth in agriculture are our primary focus and the NILE Foundation is dedicated to creating scholarships for young people who aspire to a career in agriculture. To date the NILE and the NILE Foundation have collaborated on over $1 million for youth pursing secondary studies and we seek to increase that amount every year,” said David Allen, NILE Generalaa Manager.

Scholarships will be awarded and announced in April 2025. Similar to previous years, the NILE Scholarship Committee will be awarding five levels of scholarships: High School One Time Scholarship: Awarded to high school seniors that meet the qualifications listed in the guidelines.

Rolling Scholarship: The rolling scholarships will be offered to a select group of High School Seniors who will have the opportunity to renew the scholarship yearly, up to four years of their secondary education. Recipients of rolling scholarships will be chosen from the pool of applicants that are current seniors in High School.

Secondary One Time Scholarship: A one-time grant, for students already enrolled in College or a Vo-Tech school meeting the qualifications.

Shining Star: All qualified applicants are eligible. This scholarship is for an applicant that stands out in the crowd.

NILE Legacy Award: Offered to students that have been very active in various NILE events from the time they were young!

Hugh F. Miller Memorial Scholarship was created in memory of long time NILE Member, Hugh Miller. Two $500 scholarships will be awarded in his memory.

Needle In The Haystack: This scholarship will be randomly drawn for during the NILE Foundation’s Stetson and Stilettos Fundraiser to be held this spring. All scholarship applicants will be eligible and must be present to win.

Scholarship applications and guidelines can be found at www.thenile.orgApplications must be received no later than March 1, 2025. No hard copies will be accepted; Incomplete or late applications will not be considered.

Each year the NILE touches the lives of nearly 10,000 youth and provides over $55,000 in cash and live animal scholarships. Major highlights of NILE Youth Programs are the NILE Merit Heifer Program, 4th Grade Ag Education, Jr. Fed Livestock Show, Scholarship Program, and Internship Program. Live Animal scholarships are donations of heifers to kids in the Merit Heifer Program.

The NILE Foundation was established in 2009 as a supporting arm of the NILE organization, which is dedicated to the promotion of livestock, agriculture education, and respect for the western culture. It is funded through generous donations and the NILE Foundation’s annual fundraiser.

The computer mouse P IC K UP S , JEEP , S UV 'S, S N AP ON TOOLS, C O N S T R U CTION TOO L S, A N T I Q UE S , HOU S EH O L D A ND M OR E. R EGISTER T O B ID ON L IN E AT W WW .SMELT ZE R AUCT ION S.COM

In the 1960’s computers still operated by having users enter long lines of code, which could be why they were used primarily at academic and research facilities. A Stanford Research Institute engineer named Douglas Engelbart thought computers would be a lot easier to use if they were more interactive. While sitting in a meeting one day, he thought about creating a small wheeled object that would move across a table, and its movements would translate to moving a cursor across the screen.

He wasn’t the first to come up with the idea, but he and fellow engineer Bill English incorporated technology from some other SRI prototypes into his design (including a footpedaled cursor controller) and created a handheld wooden box with two wheels on the bottom and a button on top. After writing software that made the computer able to recognize the device, they wired it into the computer, and as Engelbart wheeled the box around his desk, the cursor on his screen moved accordingly. Engelbart patented it as an “X/Y Position Indicator,” but his coworkers thought I looked like a mouse.

So that became its name.

NDSU Extension to host lambing workshop

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A5

If you have items you want advertised in the March 2025 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is February 26th.

New and experienced shepherds will have an opportunity to learn more about lambing and sheep production at a clinic hosted by North Dakota State University Extension on Feb. 22 in Tappen, North Dakota.

“Lambing time is the culmination of your breeding program, and it’s an exciting and rewarding time as a sheep producer,” says Travis Hoffman, NDSU and University of Minnesota Extension sheep specialist. “This workshop will focus on providing resources and education to sheep producers wanting to optimize their lambing management.”

Registration begins at 10 a.m., with the clinic starting at 10:30 at Tappen City Hall. The morning will feature several speakers followed by a lamb lunch. The afternoon will include live demonstrations and a barn tour at Brent and Barb Stroh’s farm.

Lambing workshop topics and presenters are the following: Baby Lamb Management — Karl Hoppe TIMED ONLINE ONLY Record Keeping — Lacey Quail Lamb Weaning Considerations — Rachel Gibbs 2025 Lamb Market Update — Travis Hoffman Producer Tour: On-site Lambing Barn Management — Brent and Barb Stroh family Ewe Body Condition Scoring — Monica Fitterer Hoof Health and Care — Travis Hoffman “There has been extraordinary interest in expanding operations with sheep in North Dakota,” adds Hoffman. “This workshop will be a great opportunity for producers to connect and learn from each other.”

The cost of the event is $10 for adults and youth may attend for free. The event will conclude around 3 p.m.

Registration is not required but preferred in case of bad weather and for meal planning.

Registration and event information is available at ndsu.ag/lambingws25.

For more information or to RSVP, contact Monica Fitterer, Extension agent for Kidder County, at 701-4752672 or monica.fitterer@ ndsu.edu.

Begins Closing

SAT, FEB 15 • 10:00 AM Rapelje, Montana

LLOYD GREGORY BRADBROOK ESTATE

##### Two old friends were involved in a match-play event when they found themselves all-square on the 18th. The first friend hit his shot onto a cart path and stated, “I guess I should get a drop.” “Definitely not,” came the reply “We play our shots where they lie.”

So the first man dropped his friend off at his ball and took the cart to the path. He took a few practice swings, causing sparks to fly. Finally, he swatted the ball from the path and incredibly it landed just a couple of feet from the pin. “Nice shot,” conceded the second golfer.

“What club did you use?”

“Your five iron.”

Here’s the final auction for the Gregory Bradbrook Estate. Our third auction features vintage and older vehicles that haven’t been operational in years, along with a selection of farm implements and tractors. Be sure to take advantage of the inspection days to view these items in person. Please note that no titles will be provided, as most—if not all—vehicle titles have been purged by the state motor vehicle division.

(406) 652-2266

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A6

Enrollment periods for crop and dairy safety-net programs

HAY FOR SALE

800 large square bales of mostly alfalfa.

Discounts for semi loads. Phone (406) 212-3413

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced the 2025 enrollment periods for key safety-net programs – Agriculture Risk Coverage (ARC) and Price Loss Coverage (PLC) as well as Dairy Margin Coverage (DMC). Agricultural producers can submit applications to USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA) for ARC and PLC for the 2025 crop year from January 21 to April 15 and for DMC for the 2025 coverage year from January 29 to March 31.

ARC and PLC provide financial protections to farmers from substantial drops in crop prices or revenues and are vital economic safety nets for most American farms.

Meanwhile, DMC provides producers with price support to help offset milk and feed price differences.

“Our safety-net programs provide critical financial protections against commodity market volatilities for many American farmers, so don’t delay enrollment,” said FSA Administrator Zach Ducheneaux. “If you’re getting coverage through the Agriculture Risk Coverage or Price Loss Coverage programs, avoid the rush and contact your local FSA office for an appointment.

Even if you are not changing your program election for 2025, you still need to sign a

contract to enroll.”

“And at $0.15 per hundredweight for $9.50 coverage, risk protection through Dairy Margin Coverage is a relatively inexpensive investment in a true sense of security and peace of mind.”

The American Relief Act, 2025 extended many Farm Bill-authorized programs for another year, including ARC and PLC as well as DMC. ARC and PLC Producers can elect coverage and enroll in ARC-County (ARC-CO) or PLC, which with the Montana Pulse Crop Committee provide crop-by-crop protection, or ARCand Northern Pulse Growers Association Individual (ARC-IC), which protects the entire farm. Although election changes for Shelby, Montana 2025 are optional, producers must enroll through a signed contract each year. Also, if a producer has a multi-year contract on For times and location contact: the farm it will continue for 2025 unless an election change is made.

Jayson Hauer, If producers do not submit their election General Manager Belle Pulses revision by the April 15 deadline, their elecUSA, Hingham, MT tion remains the same as their 2024 election Office Phone: 406-397-3168 for commodities on the farm from the prior year. Farm owners cannot enroll in either Cell: 406-399-4051 program unless they have a share interest Email: Jayson@bellepulsesusa.com in the cropland.

Covered commodities include barley, canola, large and small chickpeas, corn, crambe, flaxseed, grain sorghum, lentils, mustard seed, oats, peanuts, dry peas, rapeseed, long grain rice, medium grain rice, safflower seed, seed cotton, sesame, soybeans, sunflower seed and wheat.

USDA also reminds producers that ARC and PLC elections and enrollments can impact eligibility for some crop insurance products including Supplemental Coverage Option, Enhanced 200+ YEARLING BULLS SELL Coverage Option and, DEDICATED BREEDERS COMMITTED TO QUALITY GENETICS AND for cotton producers, the Billings Livestock Commission CUSTOMER SERVICE, Stacked Income Protection Billings, Montana • 1:00 PM BACKED BY YEARS OF EXPERIENCE. Plan (commonly referred to as STAX).

For more information on Lot 73 - ASA 4304631 Lot 181 - ASA 4402446 Lot 143 - ASA 4354579 Lot 4 - ASA 4346832 ARC and PLC, producers can visit the ARC and PLC webpage or contact their local USDA Service Center.

DMC DMC is a voluntary risk management program that offers protection to dairy Lot 33 - ASA 4380940 Lot 67 - ASA 4372379 Lot 89 - ASA 4393271 Lot 9 - ASA 4346818 producers when the difference between the all-milk price and the average feed price (the margin) falls below a certain dollar amount selected by the producer.

DMC offers different levels of coverage, even an option that is free to producers, minus a $100 administrative fee. The administrative fee is waived for dairy producers who are considered limited resource, beginning, socially disadvantaged or a military veteran.

DMC payments are calculated using updated feed and premium hay costs, making the program more Simmental – Angus – SimAngus™ REQUEST A SALE BOOK AT: www.bullsofthebigsky.com or contact Maureen Mai 208-267-2668 reflective of actual dairy producer expenses. These updated feed calculations Marty Ropp 406-581-7835 use 100% premium alfalfa Corey Wilkins 256-590-2487 www. .com hay.

Rocky Forseth 406-590-7984 Jared Murnin 406-321-1542 For more information Follow Us Broadcasting Real-Time Auctions www.alliedgeneticresources.com on DMC, visit the DMC webpage.

BELLE PULSES USA GROWER’S MEETING March 4, 2025

Building the

Future with SCIENCE

BULLS OF THE BIG SKY • FEBRUARY 17, 2025 •

bullsofthebigsky

2024 Crop Production Annual Summary

##### First drive-in movie theater: opened in Camden, New Jersey, in 1933. (Picture shown: Wives Beware, starring Adolphe Menjou.)

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A7

ALL I WANT IS MELTON ALFALFA! MSU Bozeman’s latest Certified Alfalfa Seed Release Also available: Shaw, Wrangler, Ladak

Ernie Johnson 406-357-4182

Corn production declined, while soybean production or cell: 262-3081 increased from last year, according to the 2024 Crop Production Annual SumTIMED ONLINE ONLY mary released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service.

U.S. corn growers produced 14.9 billion bushels in 2024, down 3% from 2023.

Corn yield in the United States is estimated at 179.3 bushels per acre, 2.0 bushels above 2023 and a record high. Area harvested for grain, at 82.9 million acres in 2024, is down 4% from 2023.

Soybean production for 2024 totaled 4.37 billion bushels, up 5% from 2023.

The average soybean yield is estimated at 50.7 bushels per acre, 0.1 bushel above 2023, and 1.0 bushel below the November 1 forecast.

For 2024, all cotton production is up 19% from 2023, at 14.4 million 480-pound bales. The U.S. yield is estimated at 836 pounds per acre, down 63 pounds from last year’s yield. Harvested area, at 8.27 million acres, is up 28% from 2023.

Also released were the Winter Wheat and Canola Seedings and Grain Stocks reports. The Winter Wheat and Canola Seedings report provides the first indicator of this year’s winter wheat acreage. Planted area for harvest in 2025 is estimated at 34.1 million acres, up 2% from 2024.

In the Grain Stocks report, corn stored as of December 1, 2024, was estimated to be down 1% from December 1, 2023. Soybean stocks were up 3% from a year earlier.

Corn stored in all positions totaled 12.1 billion bushels, while soybeans totaled 3.10 billion bushels. All wheat stocks were up 10% from a year earlier. All wheat stored in all positions on Dec. 1, 2024, totaled 1.57 billion bushels.

The 2024 Crop Production Annual Summary contains year-end acreage, yield and production estimates for grains and hay; oilseeds; cotton, tobacco and sugar; dry beans, peas and lentils; and potatoes and miscellaneous crops.

TRUCKS: Grain & Beet Boxes. TRACTORS: John Deere 8295R, 4850, 4440. HAYING & GRAIN EQT: CIH The monthly Crop ProSwather, In-Line Baler, NH Round Baler, Bale Wagon, Vermeer Rake, Grain Augers. BEET EQT: H&S Cart, WIC duction report is available Defoliator, WIC Harvester, Ridger, Deridger & More. TILLAGE EQT: Sunflower & Rome Disks, Brillion Roller Haronline at nass.usda.gov/ row, Eversman Level, JD Plow & Ripper, Cultivators, Ditchers, Closers & More. IRRIGATION EQT: 12” & 10” Gated publications.

Pipe, Fittings, Syphon Tubes, Socks, 3 Pipe Trailers, Ditch Cleaner. LIVESTOCK EQT: 32 Freestanding Panels.

BARRY & BONNIE KINSFATHER

ENDS: TUE, FEBRUARY 25 • 1:00 PM • BILLINGS, MT

VEHICLES: Toyota Pickup, Polaris 4 Wheeler, Melroe Spra-Coupe, Pup Trailers.

##### A coin toss isn’t a game of luck if you use a penny and call heads. The penny is the only coin with the face of the same person on both sides. A magnifying glass will reveal Lincoln sitting inside the Lincoln Memorial.

For more info, hundreds of photos & bidding registration, visit mbauction.com

VIEW FULL AUCTION LISTINGS ONLINE @ MBAUCTION.COM

BILLINGS MT (406) 652-2266

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A8

Resources for farms covered under revised produce safety water rule

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has published revised requirements for PreHarvest Agricultural Water [fda.gov] in the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) Produce Safety Rule (PSR). The revised requirements replace the previous microbial quality criteria and testing requirements with a systems-based, pre-harvest agricultural water assessment.

Under the revised rule, covered farms using pre-harvest agricultural water for covered produce must conduct an annual written agricultural water assessment. This assessment will be used for risk management and decision-making purposes related to pre-harvest agricultural water. The assessment will review your farm’s agricultural water system(s), agricultural water practices, crop characteristics, environmental conditions, and

other relevant factors. Covered farms may be exempt from assessments if they meet specific requirements for their pre-harvest agricultural water.

Exemption eligibility requirements are referenced in this FDA factsheet.

Based on the assessment, farms must determine if corrective or mitigation measures are necessary to minimize contamination risks. Documentation of agricultural water assessments and any reassessments is required, including descriptions of factors evaluated and written determinations. If corrective or mitigation measures are used, you must keep documentation of any actions you take.

A reassessment is required at least once annually and whenever a significant change occurs in your agricultural water system(s).

The final rule also requires documentation of a

Brownell Polled Herefords 3 LARGE DARK RED NECK BULLS FOR SALE Bulls come off test February 6.

Give us a call and we will email you test results.

Bulls weaning weights were 795 and 885 lbs.

Contact Dave Brownell (406) 788-3242

dave.brownell51@gmail.com

Selling coming two-year old Horned Hereford bulls at the ranch Plevna, Montana February 15, 2025 1:00 pm 15 miles South of Plevna

Lunch at Noon

supervisory review of the written assessment and determinations made.

Compliance Dates (based on 3-year average of produce sales): April 2025 - more than $500k in annual sales April 2026 - $250k to $500k in annual sales April 2027 - $25k to $250k in annual sales We encourage all fruit and vegetable producers to take advantage of the produce safety training opportunities provided. Farms that have already received this training may benefit from taking a refresher course to better understand the new rule requirements.

Registration is open for upcoming training courses. Sign up today for a Produce Safety Alliance Grower Training course at agr.mt.gov.

McMURRY CATTLE Added Genetic Balance Trait And Carcass Value ONLY THE BEST SELL Private Treaty Bull Sales Fred & Doreen McMurry 2027 Iris Lane Billings, MT 59102 Phone 406-254-1247 Cell 406-697-4040

See: www.mcmurrycattle.com

for videos and information about bulls available for 2025

mcmurrycattle@gmail.com

K.L. Slagsvold Herefords Since 1922

Performance tested bulls and heifers

For sale private treaty at the ranch Bulls are at the ranch Can be viewed along with the cows and herd bulls.

Also on Facebook or www.sparksherefords.com

Sparks Herefords

Tom (406-778-2320) Will (406-853-6758) George (406-853-3523) 7C Cattle Contact for more information or to receive a catalog

RST 167Y TRUST 8132 • Reg. P43957310 Owned with Rausch Herefords

Selling Bulls old fashioned60+ way, where everyday is sale day!

Final Print - Reg 44178105 Many sons in the offering!

2/3 Homozygous Yearling and 2-year-old bulls Learn more at www.thomasherefords.com Polled Breeding soundness examined Come view our offering at any time, doing it the

by First Private Treaty year breeding season guarantee

RICHARD AND SHIRLEY I BRUCE AND TAMMY • 406-544-1536 bruce@thomasherefords.com I GOLD CREEK, MT 59733

Volume discount Free delivery within Montana

Montana Hereford Breeders Selling 80+ Bulls (yearling and 2-year-old) and 60+ Females by Private Treaty Learn more at www.thomasherefords.com

Brownell Polled Herefords

J Bar E Ranch

RICHARD AND SHIRLEY | BRUCE AND TAMMY • 406-544-1536 | KURT AND JESSICA • 406-239-5113 bruce@thomasherefords.com | P.O. BOX 330012 | GOLD CREEK, MT 59733

406-788-3242, Pendroy, MT dave.brownell51@gmail.com

406-765-7068, Plentywood, MT

Feddes Herefords

406-240-9301, Deer Lodge, MT

Dan 406-570-1602, Manhattan, MT www.feddes.com

McMurry Cattle

406-254-1247, Billings, MT www.mcmurrycattle.com

K & C Herefords

K.L. Slagsvold Herefords 406-584-7571, Lindsay, MT

Thomas Herefords

406-544-1536, Gold Creek, MT

L Bar W Cattle Company

406-425-2484, Absarokee, MT www.lbarw.com

Sparks Herefords

406-778-2320, Plevna, MT www.sparksherefords.com

Wichman Herefords

406-350-3123, Moore, MT www.wichmanherefords.com

Kenny Lars (406) 584-7571 cell (406) 939-0252 671 Fas 470 • Lindsay, MT 59339

Winter hay worries

By Randy Saner, UNL Grass tetany and nitrate poisoning are issues that we typically associate with animals grazing. However, both issues can be a problem in winter when animal diets are limited by what they are fed. Is your herd safe from possible hay worries?

Tetany occurs when an animal’s diet doesn’t have enough magnesium to meet nutritional needs. Complications with milk production and increased magnesium demand can make this imbalance even worse during lactation.

Grass, alfalfa, and cereal grains harvested for hay can all be low in magnesium. Getting a hay test with mineral analysis can easily show if this is an issue we need to worry about. If tests come back showing less than 0.15% magnesium, the hay is deficient. Other mineral interactions that can worsen tetany are low calcium (<0.40%) and high in potassium (>2.5%).

If your test comes back with issues, consider switching over to a high calcium and magnesium mineral. Most options use magnesium oxide, which is bitter tasting and can reduce animal consumption. Consider mixing with a protein or energy supplement or mixing with distillers grain or soybean meal to improve consumption if it’s not at target levels (for a 10-13% Magnesium mix, this is 4 oz. per head).

Another concern to keep an eye on is nitrates. Forages high in nitrate that were harvested for hay will not see a significant reduction in nitrate levels after curing. Any hay that we suspect being high in nitrate should be tested and if high, fed as a reduced portion of the diet to prevent an issue with toxicity.

Tetany and nitrates in the winter aren’t problems that often jump right to a producer’s mind, but they can be a serious issue, especially when an animal’s diet is limited to what they are fed. Properly testing hay and adjusting mineral and diets to minimize risk can keep your winter hay worries at bay. ##### The word “bread” appears 360 times in the bible. If you don’t believe this fact, pick up the Bible and read it. ##### Matzah is the Jewish bread eaten during Passover.

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A9

HAY FOR SALE 100-ton 2nd cutting grass/alfalfa, large rounds $125/ton Phone (406) 899-0595

Grass Seed Prices Macbeth Meadow Brome 395 /lb.

Rush Intermediate $ 50 3 /lb.

Bozoisky Russian Wild Rye $ 95 2 /lb.

Vavilov Siberian $ 95 2 /lb.

Newhy $ 95 4 /lb.

Greenway Seeds Alan cell: 208-250-0159

www.greenwayseed.com

Caldwell, Idaho

ANCHOR We invite you to come visit us, see the progeny of

The

program

our new herd sires and our outstanding cow herd • Select now and pay when delivered • High quality and reasonable prices

ANCHOR

POLLED Our 2024 bull crop for sale now at the ranch HEREFORDS

Give us a call for more information:

(406) 467-2880 Paul & Berva Hinderager 31 14th Lane N.E. Vaughn, MT 59487

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A10

HAY FOR SALE 2023 & 2024 Grass Seed Hay/Straw

New genetic test will help safeguard quinoa from top foe

By Jan Suszkiw, ARS Quinoa’s grain-like seed offers a flavoras yellow to pinkish lesions on the leaves ful, nutrition-packed addition to soups, of infected quinoa plants. Infected leaves salads and side dishes, as well as ingredient can also take on a cupped appearance, $40 to $60/ton FOB Townsend, MT for cereals, snacks and pasta. But in order among other malformations as well as tissue Trucking available at reasonable rates in 36 or 60 bale loads. for this versatile seed to get from farm field death and discoloration. Under favorable Phone/text Jordan at (406) 949-0631 to table, quinoa growers must be vigilant for conditions, outbreaks of downy mildew in signs of downy mildew, a disease that can susceptible quinoa varieties can inflict seed decimate the crop if left unchecked. yield losses of up to 100 percent.

To help growers, a team of researchers The test—or “assay,” as the scientists led by Agricultural Research Service (ARS) call it—uses a laboratory procedure known plant pathologist Anna Testen devised a fast as quantitative polymerase chain reaction Flexi-Coil 5000 57-ft. double shoot 2320 cart....... $15,000 new test to genetically detect the pathogen (qPCR) to help detect specific segments of John Deere 9600 combine, 930 header, with trailer........... ............................................................................ $20,000 in both quinoa seed and leaf tissue. the downy mildew pathogen’s DNA—so Freightliner FL70 with 80-ft. F&S sprayer, Cat engine, The advance, reported in the September long as it’s present in a seed or leaf sample.

FM750 display and auto steer............................ $20,000 3, 2024, issue of Plant Disease, opens the Additionally, with the qPCR-based test MacDon 960 36-ft. header, JD adapter..................... $4000 door to countering downy mildew on sevbeing quantitative, it can determine how Ford New Holland 8560 tractor............................. $20,000 eral fronts—with benefits to U.S. growers much of the pathogen is present based on 1986 Freightliner 3406B 13 speed....................... $10,000 1970 Chevrolet C60 tandem, 20-ft. grain box.......... $5000 hoping to expand the crop and to consumers, readings of light emitted by the procedure’s H&S hi-capacity rake, 7-wheel.................................. $8000 who prize the seed’s flavor and offering of amplification of its DNA. This feature also OFFERS WELCOME Located in Roy, Montana protein, fiber, vitamins and essential amino distinguishes the test from other PCR-based Contact Riley Knerr (406) 366-6788 acids. methods that have been developed.

Ryan Knerr (406) 301-4333 Jess Knerr (406) 464-2138 Caused by the fungus-like pathogen Per“Quantitative PCR is much more sensionospora variabilis, downy mildew appears tive (meaning, it can detect smaller amounts of DNA) than standard PCR, so there are fewer false negatives,” explained Testen, who is with the ARS Application Technology Research Unit in Wooster, Ohio. It’s also more specific and faster, 1:00 pm • Ramsay, MT •Montana Livestock Auction allowing for more samples to be screened, she added.

SelLing 25 Yearling BulLs, 3 Hereford BulLs, 10 TwoAmong potential uses Year Old BulLs, 3 FalL Pairs, and 15 Yearling Heifers is providing quinoa growers with an early warning Sire Groups Include: system. In other susceptible •Millars Duke 816 •SAV Renovation 6822 •SAV Magnify 1107 crops, for example, “spore •Sitz Feat 729H •Ellingson Prolific traps that catch airborne spores paired with qPCR assays have been used to detect the downy mildew pathogen early and warn growers to treat their crops,” said Testen.

Another potential use is helping speed the identificaNSR High Stepper 349 tion of plants from quinoa breeding lines that can resist or tolerate downy mildew.

Plant breeders can then pass the genes for that trait into NSR Solution 427 elite quinoa varieties, shoring up their defenses against the disease.

And on the phytosanitary front, the tests could help ensure that commercial shipments or germplasm exchanges of quinoa seed for research purposes are free of NSR Duke 407 downy mildew, preventing new or re-introductions of the disease.

And as quinoa’s U.S. popularity grows, “this tool will Mohican Handy 37M also help us track the quinoa downy mildew pathogen in the environment, potentially Join Us In Ramsay, Montana This Year!! teaching us more about its epidemiology to improve disease management,” added Testen, whose co-authors on the Plant Disease paper are Scott Shaw (ARS) NSR Renaissance 401 and Purnima Puri, Evan Domsic, Deirdre GriffinContact Us to View The Bulls Maternal • Longevity • Performance LaHue, Kevin Murphy and Cody & Ashley Lee • 406-363-7099 Chakradhar Mattupalli—all with Washington State University.

7000+ ton available 3x4x8 bales 6-11% protein Many grass varieties Approximately 1000 lbs per bale

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

Bull Sale February 22, 2025

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A11

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A12

Calving problems: When to intervene

HAY & STRAW FOR SALE

By Lindsay Waechter-Mead, DVM, Nebraska Extension Beef Educator delivered without assistance. Key signs to Calving season can be both exciting and watch for include: challenging. While most cattle deliver Fairfield hay & straw in round bales Prolonged Stage 1: Intervention may be calves without complications, dystocia – or needed if a cow has been in stage 1 for more difficult calving – may occur.

Reviewing In-State Delivery Available than 8 hours or if the cow is displaying signs what normal deliveries look like, recognizCall (406) 870-9003 of excessive stress or fatigue. ing the signs of dystocia, and understandProlonged Stage 2: Progression is very ing when to call a veterinarian can help to important in Stage 2. Assistance is indiensure the health of the cow and calf. cated if: Understanding normal calf delivery There is no progress after 30 minutes of Labor can be divided into three stages: actively pushing.

Preparation, Delivery of Calf, and Delivery The cow takes a break greater than 20 of Placenta. minutes after actively pushing.

Stage 1: Preparation. Cows may isolate ALL 540 PTO The producer can visualize that the prefrom the herd, show signs of pain or uneasi2022 John Deere 460 M round baler, 1100 bales. New is sentation, position, and posture of the calf ness, swishing of tail or kicking at her belly. $59,000.................................................. Asking $52,000 is abnormal (backwards, breech, only 1 Stage 1 may last 12-24 hours.

2021 John Deere C 300 mower conditioner swather. New leg, etc.)

Stage 2: Delivery of Calf. This stage is $45,000.............................................. Asking $32,000 There are visible signs of distress in the begins when the cervix is completely di2017 John Deere 348 small square baler. New is $40,000. ................................................ Asking $27,000 cow, including exhaustion. lated and amniotic sac – or water bag – is 2022 Moreni 3000 vertical tiller. New is $18,000................

Stage 3: The placenta is considered visible in the vulva and ends with delivery ............................................................... Asking $12,000 retained after 12 hours of delivery of the of the calf. Stage 2 lasts anywhere from New Holland PTO side delivery 3-point rake...................... calf. Treatment may be indicated; however, 30 minutes to 4 hours.

The most common .................................................................. Asking $4000 manual removal of the placenta should delivery is frontward presentation, right John Deere side delivery ground driven rake..................... never be attempted. This will lead to damside up, front legs and head extended in the .................................................................. Asking $3500 New Holland stack wagon/tiller, all hydraulic..................... age of the uterus and potential reproductive birth canal. .................................................................. Asking $2500 failure for the cow.

Stage 3: Delivery of the Placenta. This Brillion cutli-packer, seven foot wide........... Asking $2000 When to call the veterinarian occurs within 12 hours after delivery of calf.

Phone Bruce Riley, (406) 250-4814, Kalispell, MT Knowing when to assist the cow during Recognizing problems during calving delivery may depend on several factors.

Dystocia occurs when a calf cannot be Using normal delivery as a guide, producers can establish standards within their operation to identify signs of dystocia. Making the decision to call a veterinarian will be specific to each Breeding durable, common sense, operation and the experimoderate-framed, easy-fleshing, lowence level among producers. maintenance, functional Angus Call a professional if you cattle with proven bred-in longevity. are unsure how to proceed safely or if it takes more than 20 minutes to correct the problem.

By understanding the 1:00 in the afternoon normal calving process and being observant of signs of dystocia, you can en120 Bulls (Top 50% of the Calf Crop) sure a successful calving 20 Top End Registered Yearling Heifers season. When in doubt, do not hesitate to call your + Entire sale offering genomic tested veterinarian. A timely call + Volume discounts can make all the difference + First year breeding guarantee for your herd’s health and + Free delivery in Montana + adjoinproductivity.

CAR Legendary 026 19940742 CAR Versatile 255 20557801 ing states beyond at cost Nebraska Extension is BW -1.4 WW +73 YW +135 SC +1.57 MILK +15 + 100% of steers graded choice 65% BW +.4 WW +68 YW +117 SC +.65 MILK +18 MARB +.63 RE +1.14 $W +56 $F +108 $M +47 hosting a webinar series to MARB +1.28 RE +.14 $W +60 $F +63 $M +52 Prime $B +165 $B +137 learn more about successful + Use Connelly Angus genetics to calving practices. Informaimprove efficiency & longevity in tion on the event, including your program registration can be found here: https://beef.unl.edu/ beefwatch/2024/fundamenCAR Cha Ching 103 tal-knowledge-successfulCAR Juniper 211 calving-season

HAYING EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

Connelly Angus Ranch

Request your Sale Book Today!

34th Annual Genetics For The Long Run Production Sale Tuesday February 25, 2025 Selling:

at the ranch in Valier, MT

Progeny Also By:

CAR Bismark 8190

19330111

BW -.6 WW +56 YW +91 SC +2.09 MILK +26 MARB +.23 RE +.40 $W +62 $F +74 $M +77 $B +100

CAR Pacific 258 CAR Remarkable 821 CAR Bravo 151 S&V Rainmaker 4044-1191 RA Justified 124 Windy Ridge Swagger

Larsen Payweight 96X 20154621 BW +2.4 WW +85 YW +143 SC +1.57 MILK +32 MARB +.58 RE +.45 $W +80 $F +128 $M +56 $B +171

Connelly Angus Ranch 1950 Dean Road Don & Wendy Connelly Valier, MT 59486 406-899-3826 connelly@3rivers.net Matt Connelly www.connellyangus.com 406-391-7773

CAR Butkus 1156

20260460

BW +3.3 WW +78 YW +134 SC +1.52 MILK +27 MARB +.37 RE +1.04 $W +72 $F +97 $M +83 $B +143

S Armstrong

20143639

BW +1.1 WW +90 YW +143 SC +1.71 MILK +27 MARB +.72 RE +.81 $W +93 $F +117 $M +118 $B +179

Myth or truth Myth: Talking on your cell phone while fueling your car at a gas station can cause a fire or explosion.

Truth: Cell phones do give off a very small amount of electricity but not enough to light anything on fire, let alone gasoline. Both the American Petroleum Institute and the Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association have debunked this urban myth, which spread via an e-mail and warning stickers on fuel pumps in the 1990s.

Three grand prizes offered at the MATE

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A13

If you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch, and have found what you were looking for, please tell an advertiser.

Chickpeas • Field Peas • Canola • Wheat • Oats • Edible Beans • Flax

The 48th annual Montana Agri-Trade Exposition (MATE) CHICKPEAS• FIELD PEAS• EDIBLE BEANS• WHEAT• OATS• CANOLA• FLAX YELLOW PEAS CHICKPEAS EDIBLE BEANS provides three opportunities to win a grand prize February CHICKPEAS• FIELD PEAS• EDIBLE BEANS• WHEAT• OATS• CANOLA• FLAX YELLOW PEAS CHICKPEAS EDIBLE BEANS 20-22, 2025.

• AAC BEYOND • CDC FRONTIER • BLACK • AAC CARVER • CDC FRONTIER • BLACK Guests use their free tickets to enter the drawings. Once PEAS CHICKPEAS BEANS • YELLOW AAC CARVER • CDC LEADER •EDIBLE CRANBERRY ™ • • CDC LEADER • • CRANBERRY AGASSIZ • • AC AAC CARVER CDC FRONTIER BLACK the back of the ticket is filled out and signed, attendees can •™CDC INCA • CDC ORION •• DARK RED KIDNEY • • CDC RED KIDNEY YSTAR • • AC CDCORION LEADER • DARK CRANBERRY AGASSIZ AC™EARL place them in the drawing drums. The final day of the MATE • MS GROWPRO • CDG PALMER • LIGHT RED KIDNEY • • CDC • • CDC • • LIGHT CDCPALMER ORION DARK RED KIDNEY EARLYSTAR AC™INCA show, Saturday, February 22, the winners are randomly MS SAFFRON PROSTAR • NEW HOPE • NAVY • • NAVY • • •CDC CDC INCA • CDC PALMER LIGHT RED KIDNEY selected from each corresponding drawing drum. Need not GREEN PEAS • PINTO • • CDC SPECTRUM • PINTO • NAVY CDC SAFFRON be present to win. Must be 18 years of age or older. Winners • AAC COMFORT • • JETSET GREEN PEAS • PINTO CDC SPECTRUM are taxed on the retail value of the prize.

• CDC • AAC GREENWATER COMFORT • JETSET The MATE Grand Prize is proudly provided by John • WINTER CDC GREENWATER SPRING WHEAT WHEAT OATS Deere C & B Operations. This year the winner will take SPRING WHEAT WINTER WHEAT OATS • AAC CONCORD ™ EMERSON • AC™ • CS CAMDEN • AAC CONCORD • CS CAMDEN home a Z370R Electric Zero Turn Lawn Mower with a • AC EMERSON SPRING WHEAT WINTER WHEAT OATS • MS BARRACUDA ™ •ACAAC VORTEX • CDC ENDURE • • MS BARRACUDA • • MS MAVERIK 42” deck. This mower allows electric performance without AAC CONCORD • CS CAMDEN EMERSON MSCHEVELLE CHARGER • • •MS BARLEY • MS MAVERICK MS BARRACUDA compromising the productivity and cut quality of a gas • MS MAVERIK • AAC CONNECT • • MS RANCH ERO MS CHEVELLE BARLEY • MS COBRA mower. Equipped with a 3.2kWh sealed lithium-ion battery • AAC CONNECT • MS RANCH ERO and a 42” deck this allows the Z370R mower to mow up to • MS RANCHERO FLAX CANOLA 2 acres per charge. C & B Operations has John Deere loca• CS2100 • CDC NEELA FLAX CANOLA CANOLA FLAX tions in Billings, Miles City, Glendive, Culbertson, Circle, • • CS2300 • AAC MARVELOUS CS2100 • CDC NEELA • CS2600 CR-T • CS2700 CL • CS2800 CL • CDC NEELA Plentywood, and Glasgow, Montana, as well as Sheridan • • CS2500 CS2300CL • AAC MARVELOUS and Powell, Wyoming. Check them out in the Expo Center • CS3000 TF • CS3100• • TF • CS3200 TF • AAC MARVELOUS CS2600 CS2500CR-T CL building at MetraPark at booth #80.

• CS3200 TF • CS4000• •LL • CS4100 CL CS2700 CS2600 CR-T LL The Home & Health Grand Prize 2025 is a Queen Sized • • CS3000 TF CS2700 CL Serta Superior Excellence Mattress courtesy of Mattress • • CS4000 CS3000LL TF Firm of Montana. Ready to upgrade your sleep? Whether you LL • CS4000 1.866.282.SEED love the bounce of an innerspring, the hug of memory foam, WWW.MERIDIANSEEDS.COM 1.866.282.SEED or the best of both with a hybrid, we’ve got top brands that WWW.MERIDIANSEEDS.COM make better sleep more than a dream—it’s a reality. Come find your perfect match, no matter your budget! Stop 21154594 3C DYNAMIC 4015 by in the Montana Pavilion at MetraPark at booth #632.

The Ag Grand Prize is one ton of SweetPro mineral tubs from AgriBest Feeds.

Agri-Best Feeds is the regional marketing arm of SweetPro Feeds based out of Walhalla, ND and Redmond Natural Trace MinerDYNAMIC X PATRIARCH als in Redmond, UT. Their Same Great Genetics / Same Great People / One Brand 21154644 focus is to maximize animal 3C REPUBLIC 4064 health, forage utilization, 21154786 and producer profits. Sweet3C 406 MAN IN BLACK 4055 Pro Feeds is known for its new nutritional technology 21148558 GC 3C GROWTH FUND 4251 (6 patents plus a proprietary digestive aide) of taking Distiller’s Grains (by-product of the ethanol process) stabilizing them in block or REPUBLIC X SITZ VANCE granular form and making them available to livestock MAN IN BLACK X AVIATOR producers across the nation and Canada. Learn about feed programs and enter to GROWTH FUND X ACCLAIM 21173647 win at their booth #501 in 3C 406 MAN IN BLACK 4097 the Expo Center.

Along with these grand B A R Dynamic 21152997 prizes many businesses have Connealy Craftsman GC 3C WINCHESTER 4261 daily drawings and prizes at Deer Valley Growth Fund their booths. To see the full LAR Man in Black list of vendors and a map of the booths go to www.theMead Magnitude mateshow.com Free tickets MMP Right Kind are available at Stockman Poss Winchester Bank locations, Vendors’ MAN IN BLACK X AMBUSH Raven Republic businesses, the NILE Office, Woodhill Reality or online.

�end1an �end1an

Selling Sons of

WINCHESTER X CONFIDENCE

##### In Supai, Arizona, located in the Grand Canyon, mail is still delivered by mule train. ##### One in four hazelnuts ends up in Nutella. Nutella is so popular, 25% of all hazelnuts end up in a jar!

Since they’re in such high demand, some universities are trying to grow them in labs in order to negate global shortages.

14 Annual Angus Bull Sale th

March 1, 2025 Sutherlin Farms Feedlot • Stevensville, MT

Sale begins at 1 PM Mountain Time • Lunch served at Noon

Selling 50+ Yearling Angus Bulls 45+ Fancy No Brand Commercial Angus Heifers

www.

406/ 360-1875

Chad, Lacey & Cayden Sutherlin Chad 406-360-1875 Lacey 406-544-0043

406/ 207-9176

Cody, Mindy, Tripp & Jett Sutherlin

406/ 360-1246 Loren Brubaker Loren 406-360-1246

3CC at t l e llC . C o m

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A14

POLLED HEREFORD BULLS

Tested and Guaranteed Yearlings and one 2-year-old. All from easy calving bloodlines.

Dallas Polled Herefords Don Dallas, Canyon Creek, MT 59633

(406) 410-0406

Trailers. It’s What We Do.

TRAILER (406) 552-1515 XB SALES www.xbtrailer.com

575 Vaughn S. Frontage Rd • Great Falls, MT 2 miles North of the NW Bypass Exit

2025 Horizon Gooseneck Dump Trailer, 83” x 16-ft., 20K GVW, electric brakes, 3-ft. sides, telescopic cylinder, automatic crank-over tarp, hydraulic jacks. Stock #07139........... ............................................. $20,950

2025 Royal Cargo Trailer, 7-ft. x 16-ft., ramp door, 7K GVW, electric brakes, V-nose, 32” RV style side door, LED lighting. Stock #14580.............$8150

2025 Stealth XLT Series Aluminum Cargo Trailer, 7-ft. x 16-ft., 32” RV style side door, 76” interior height. Stock #48685...$7950

Lunch at noon

2024 Duralite Aluminum Gooseneck Stock Trailer, 7.5-ft. x 24-ft., 14K GVW, electric brakes, roller divider gate, slider in rear door, fold down calf gate, and more!

Stock #42603...................$31,500

2025 Merritt Aluminum Gooseneck Stock Trailer, 94” x 32-ft., 24K GVW, (3) 8K axles, 36” driver’s side door, 2 center gates, slider in back door, Vrib floor design. Stock #27942............ ..............................................$41,950

2025 Maverick Horse Trailer, 3 horse, 7K GVW, slant load, tack room with saddle racks, floor mats. Stock #72239..................................$12,650

2025 Lamar Dump Trailer, 83” x 14-ft., cast coupler, front tool box, spreader gate, pair of heavy duty slide in ramps.

Stock #36342..........................$11,350

2024 Lamar Deckover Tilt Trailer, 102” x 24-ft., 2-5/16” 21k Demco adjustable cast coupler, tool box, 3-way 12v DC pump, treated yellow pine floor. Stock #28951 ....... .........................................$13,950

Selling: Car ried by:

Lot 7 205 WT 701

Ratio 105

BW –2.9 WW 64 YW 100 Milk 30 Marb .67 REA .09

Bob & Cathy (406) 342-5859 Chad & Jenny (406) 740-2854 redland@rangeweb.net www.redlandredangus.com

Lot 2 ACT BW 83

By Brooke Ortel As many Wyoming residents know firsthand, the introduction of invasive weed species like cheatgrass, medusahead, and Palmer amaranth poses a growing threat to the state’s landscapes and economy.

Despite the efforts of state and federal management agencies and private landowners, non-native weeds are notoriously difficult to control, even when early detection and rapid response (EDRR) strategies are employed.

But, thanks to an innovative model developed by University of Wyoming Extension Invasive Plant Specialist Kelsey Brock and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists, land managers may soon find themselves armed with a new tool.

2025 Horizon Deckover Gooseneck Trailer, 20K GVW, electric brakes, engineered neck, FHZ 28-ft. x 102”, 5’-ft. dovetail with mega ramps, locker style toolbox, undercarriage toolbox. Stock #07447............................$17,450

70 Year ling Red Angus & Gelbvieh Balancer Bulls

ACT BW 77

UW researcher helps develop model to predict invasive weed hot spots

205 WT 740

Ratio 114

BW –5 WW 67 YW 105 Milk 28 Marb .73 REA .11

This Rocky Mountain Herbarium specimen, collected in August 2023 by UW graduate student Dan Coles, was found in Laramie County and is the first recorded sighting of Tatarian sea-lavender (Goniolimon tataricum) in Wyoming. At least 21 new non-native plant species form self-sustaining populations in Wyoming per decade. Photo courtesy of Kelsey Brock.

The model uses records of where invasive plants were first spotted outside their typical range to predict future hot spots for new invasive species.

“An intuitive approach is to search for new non-native species in areas where many non-native species have first been detected in the past,” the scientists wrote in a paper published in the journal Ecography in mid-December. “We formalize this intuition via first records distribution models (FRDMs).”

Traditional species distribution models estimate distribution based on where a particular species is currently found and its preferred climatic conditions. FRDMs build on this concept to examine how first occurrence records correspond to human infrastructure as well as environmental conditions.

Whether accidentally or intentionally, humans are the primary drivers of species introductions over large distances; an accurate FRDM must take this into account.

While the model developed by UW and USGS scientists is still in the proof-of-concept stage, Brock is hopeful that it can ultimately be applied to invasive weeds newly established in Wyoming.

“The more we introduce, the more we have to manage,” she notes. “As bad as cheatgrass and other current invaders are, there’s probably going to be new ones that are worrisome as well. Thirty-eight percent of newfound species in Wyoming are already managed somewhere in the western United States. If we’re going to experience similar impacts, it could be wise to detect their populations and start managing them now.”

The current proof-of-concept model relies on first records data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) to predict locations in the continental U.S. at highest risk of invasion by non-native species.

In Wyoming, the next step is to use first records data from UW’s Rocky Mountain Herbarium and other regional sources to create a Wyoming-specific model and verify its accuracy.

“The Rocky Mountain Herbarium curates a list of species known to be in Wyoming and we also have recent records.

With our Wyoming case study, we’ll determine whether CONTINUED ON PAGE A15

UW researcher helps develop model to predict invasive weed hot spots

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A15

DRILLS AND COMBINES FOR SALE

2) John Deere 9450 30-ft. press drills. Both with carbide tips. One has full transport with capped steel packers. One has NO transport, rubber packers. Also 2) 10-ft. drills for parts.

2) John Deere 105 combine, one gas and one diesel. Both useable machines. Also 2 for parts.

Phone (406) 750-8797

CONTINUED FROM PAGE A14

our model predicts the species we found recently,” Brock explains.

If the model successfully identifies areas most impacted by invasive species, the researchers will investigate whether state-level data can be used to accurately predict countybased invasions. If not, it may be necessary to develop a county-based model using county-specific records, says Brock.

A parallel study, led by USGS scientist Helen Sofaer, will occur in Hawaii.

As the researchers refine their model, Brock predicts patterns may emerge in how particular types of plants travel across the landscape. “Invasive species come in via different pathways—if it’s an ornamental plant that came in through the horticultural trade, that’s a very different pathway than someone getting a tiny seed stuck to their ATV, then coming to Wyoming,” she says. “Our hypothesis is that you’re going to have different high-priority survey areas for these different types of pathways.”

If the new model performs well in case studies, the next step will be to develop a tool that land managers can use to identify areas at highest risk of invasive weed infestations.

For example, Wyoming Weed and Pest districts could potentially use the tool to prioritize where to survey for invasive plants.

“Post-border surveillance would be where this tool lies,” Brock explains. “In other words, these species have gotten over the [Wyoming] border and they’re here, so the hope is to identify them and implement a management technique to eradicate or contain them.”

To view the new paper, titled “First records distribution models to guide biosurveillance for non-native species,” visit https://bit.ly/frdm-modeling-wy. Contact Brock at kbrock5@ uwyo.edu or (307) 766-3113 with questions.

406.579.5125

Find nearest dealer at:

NwGrainAugers.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A16

The deadline for advertising in the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

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Black and Red Angus Bulls - Yearling and 2-year-olds These cattle are bred for long lasting maternal traits and moderate birth weights since 1981.

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Winter Hours: Monday thru Thursday 7:00 am to 5:00 pm

Take care of your muscles and joints this winter

By Julie Garden-Robinson, NDSU Extension food and nutrition specialist “Take small scoops, and lift with your legs – not your back,” I said to myself.

I was clearing an unexpected snowfall and high winds that led to drifting. The city snow plow had dropped a very generous amount of snow at the end of my driveway. I needed to be somewhere in an hour.

I should have been retrained on the use of our snow blower before my husband’s knee surgery. We ran out of time for my tutorial, so I just hoped for no snow in January. Obviously, wishful thinking was not my friend.

For the past 16 years, I had turned over nearly all major snow removal duties to my husband after he recovered from his previous joint replacement. I had taken care of snow removal prior to the major flooding of 2009, and I retired from that task I may need to work out with weights before I work with our large snow blower again.

I went in the house and wrapped a large scarf around my head. Wearing layers during extreme cold and taking breaks is always a good plan. I had a glass of water before continuing. Caffeinated and alcohol-containing drinks are not the best options for hydration My kind neighbors took pity on me and arrived with a snow blower and shovel.

As I drove away, I felt the strain I had put on my muscles, but my knees and hip joints seemed to be working OK. Most of us know many people who have had hip, knee, shoulder or ankle joint replacements. We are fortunate to live in a time when these medical procedures are available.

Diseases such as arthritis and overuse through work or sports can wear away joints. Genetics can sometimes play a strong role. Maintaining a healthy weight is important, because extra weight can put added strain on your joints.

As my husband and I watched the pre-surgery videos to prepare for his operation, I was happy to hear the medical experts talk about eating a healthy diet. The video did not go into detail about nutrition.

Some foods can worsen inflammation and arthritis pain, which often underlies the need for joint replacement.

Which foods promote joint health and which foods might make the pain worse? Here are some tips based on arthritis and nutrition research: Aim for a balanced diet with all five food groups, including two to three cups of fruit and two to three cups of vegetables.

Have some vegetable soup or a casserole made with a variety of colorful vegetables as the ultimate winter comfort food.

Use lean meats in your food preparation, instead of highly processed meats. Lean meats, poultry and seafood are high in protein that can help nourish your muscles and joints.

Add more fish to your diet. Salmon and other fatty types of fish are rich in omega-3 fats, which may reduce inflammation.

Avoid excess sugar in your diet. Having a candy bar or highly sweetened beverages such as pop may taste good but trigger inflammation. Read and compare nutrition facts labels, which now includes “added sugars” as a component.

Consume more whole grains such as oatmeal and wholegrain breads in place of refined grains.

Choose low-fat dairy options, such as fat-free milk.

Choose fewer ultra-processed foods and fried foods that may be high in trans fats. Ultra-processed foods have very long, complicated ingredient statements on the food packages.

Cook more often “from scratch” using one- or few-ingredient foods that you can find throughout the grocery store.

For example, choose frozen or canned vegetables and fruits without added salt or sweeteners. Budget-friendly dry beans, lentils, split peas and whole-grain rice are other examples.

For more tips about eating healthfully for all body systems, visit www.ag.ndsu.edu/nourish and check out the online and face-to-face classes being offered by NDSU Extension. For more tips on snow shoveling, read NDSU Extension’s “The Scoop on Snow Shoveling Safety.”

Facts about bees Bees have different dialects. A German bee cannot understand an Italian bee.

Honey never spoils.

Bees use ultraviolet vision to see which flowers have the most nectar.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A17

Clear Creek Angus with Special Guests Weaver Herefords

17th Annual Production Sale March 3, 2025 - Bear Paw Livestock, Chinook, MT

Sale: 1:00 pm Bulls Bred and Fed for the Commercial Cattleman Online bidding with

Offering:

• 80 Angus yearling bulls • 15 Hereford yearling bulls • 4 Registered heifers • 40 No Brand F1 Baldy Heifers • 50 Fancy Angus Lot 1 - Clear Creek Pacific 455

Reg. #21127069 BW: 93, 205 day wt: 730, WR: 113, 365 wt: 1437, YR: 115 Epds: BW: +1.5, WW: +79, YW: +142, SC: +.80, M: +20, Marb: +.88, REA: +1.07, $B: +187

Lot 3 - Clear Creek Pacific 430

Reg. #21127042 BW: 87, 205 day wt: 664, WR: 102, 365 wt: 1357, YR: 108 Epds: BW: +2.2, WW: +78, YW: +141, SC: +1.02 Doc: +28, Marb: +1.28, REA: +.58, $B: +188

Replacement Heifers

(Top cut of over 500 off of F Anderson Ranch)

Lot 7 - Clear Creek Quarterback 4406

Angus Sires Include:

Reg. #21098282 BW: 91, 205 day wt: 749, WR: 116, 365 wt: 1389, YR: 111 Epds: BW: +3.3, WW: +88, YW: +144, SC: +1.07, Doc: +31, Marb: +.59, REA: +.68, $B: +136

Teddy & Sara Crowley

Lot 8 - Clear Creek Commodore 420

Sterling Pacific 904, Sitz Stellar, Sitz Spectrum, Kesslers Commodore, Mohnen Reckoning 581, Vermilion Victory, Clear Creek Galactic 005,

34075 Clear Creek Rd

Chinook, MT 59523 406-395-4962 ccangus@itstriangle.com www.clearcreekangus.com

Reg. #21098267 BW: 72, 205 day wt: 691, WR: 107, 365 wt: 1425, YR: 114 Epds: BW: +0.1, WW: +74, YW: +134, SC: +1.16, Doc: +22, Marb: +.46, REA: +.09, $B: +131

Download videos and catalog at Clearcreekangus.com

Lot 83

Reg. # 44563270 Sire: RV Valor LAD 899K Maternal Grandsire: F Anodyne 846 BW: 87, Adjusted 205 Day WT: 734, WR: 110, Adjusted 365 Day wt: 1300, YR: 110 EPD’s: CE: 7.7, BW: 1.2, WW: 70, YR: 103, SC: 1.6, MM: 33, MG: 68, REA: .63, MARB: .39, BMI: 506, CHB: 164

Lot 84

Reg. #44563269 Sire: /S Perfecto 00594 ET Maternal Grandsire: MPH Z311 Rampage D1 BW: 92, Adjusted 205 Day WT: 729, WR: 109, 365 Day wt: 1272, YR: 108 EPD’s: CE: 1.5, BW: 2.7, WW: 71, YW: 115, SC: 0.6, MM: 32, MG: 67, REA: .79, MARB: -0.03, BMI: 394, CHB:117

Don & Dolly Weaver 28108 Warrick Rd. Big Sandy, MT 59520 406-386-2244 dwhrfrd@gmail.com www.weaverherefords.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A18

HAY FOR SALE 400 ton 1st and 2nd cut alfalfa in 3x4x8 square bales........

All stored inside....................................... $125 to $145/ton Phone (406) 590-5375

We sell and service waste oil heaters in Montana and Wyoming.

Of the 10 weeds included in the study, cheatgrass poses the most economically damaging current and future threat to Wyoming agriculture. The authors estimate that the weed’s future impact may exceed $110 million annually if left unmanaged. Photo by Beth Flowers.

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New findings on the economic impacts of invasive weeds in Wyoming

Agricultural economists and invasive weed specialists at the University of Wyoming have released a new report on the economic impacts of 10 invasive weeds in Wyoming.

The pilot study, which assesses both current and potential economic impacts, was developed in response to Governor Gordon’s 2020 Invasive Species Initiative Report. Collaborators include all Wyoming Weed and Pest Control districts and the Wyoming Weed and Pest Council Guiding Principles Committee.

“This report represents an important step to better understanding the impacts of invasive weeds on Wyoming’s agricultural economy and gives some insight into how bad it could be if such weeds were left unchecked,” says co-author Brian Mealor, director of the Sheridan Research and Extension Center and the Institute for Managing Annual Grasses Invading Natural Ecosystems (IMAGINE).

To estimate each weed’s statewide and county-level economic impacts on agriculture, the study examined 1) current grazing and crop value losses due to infestation and 2) losses if each species were permitted to spread, unmanaged, into all potentially suitable habitat.

The 10 species analyzed in the new report are cheatgrass, hoary cress, leafy spurge, medusahead, Palmer amaranth, perennial pepperweed, Russian knapweed, Russian olive, ventenata and yellow starthistle.

For each weed, direct economic impacts were estimated as losses in cash rent for agricultural land currently or potentially infested. The authors found that “while current estimated statewide grazing losses are in the tens of millions of dollars annually, county-level impacts vary widely.”

While it may be tempting to focus on cheatgrass and other species currently of

highest concern, the authors advise against this tactic. “Preventing further spread of species with very limited range in Wyoming is a higher-leverage approach than waiting for them to have broad-reaching impacts before implementing a strategic management approach,” the report states.

In addition to direct economic impacts, the pilot study also estimated the “ripple effects” of lost agricultural rent. “Each year, invasive plants reduce the value of both forage and crop values across Wyoming.

Beyond this, part of every dollar lost by an agricultural producer to weeds would otherwise be spent at the local feed store, restaurant or doctor’s office,” says Amy Nagler, research scientist in the UW Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics and co-author of the report. “Estimating these economic losses due to weed infestation is an important tool for prioritizing limited funds for control.”

The new report serves as a potential model for future studies, establishing methods for estimating the impacts of individual weeds on Wyoming’s agricultural economy.

However, the authors acknowledge that their estimates are likely quite conservative because they accounted only for economic losses due to grazing reduction. Key factors like ecosystem services, recreation, wildfire and wildlife habitat were not incorporated into the pilot study.

Opportunities for further research include consideration of these factors as well as analysis of impacts to specific crops, irrigated versus non-irrigated cropland, parcel-level land area and use, and public versus private rangelands.

To view a free downloadable copy of the report, visit https://bit.ly/invasive-weedreport-2024. Contact Mealor at bamealor@ uwyo.edu or (307) 673-2856 with questions.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A19

THE APEX ADVANTAGE...GENETICS THAT PERFORM 52nd PRODUCTION SALE

MARCH 4, 2025

1:00 PM MST At the ranch • Valier, Montana

• Performance Proven Yearling Sons

• Solid Foundation Yearling Heifers

Shipwheel Rainmaker 0538

Basin Jumbo 1315

• Bangs Vaccinated • Ready to Breed

Reg:*20003132 CED BW WW YW SC HP Milk MB RE FAT $M -1 +5.1 +73 +132 +1.98 +16.6 +27 +1.04 +.70 +.048 +53

Reg: +*20102954

$W +51

CED BW WW YW SC HP Milk MB RE FAT $M +9 +2.0 +87 +153 +1.75 +10.8 +25 +1.13 +.97 +.067 +68

S Armstrong

Mohnen Hollywood

Reg: *20143639 CED BW WW YW SC HP Milk MB +8 +1.1 +89 +143 +1.71 +16.4 +27 +.72

$W +77

RE FAT $M $W +.80 -.028 +118 +91

Additional Featured Sires:

Reg: *20372520 CED BW WW YW SC HP Milk MB +6 +2.7 +63 +114 +.81 +11.2 +24 +.76

Apex Value Added:

RE FAT $M +.63 +.064 +60

• Free delivery - Montana & adjoining states.

• 1st year breeding guarantee • Volume discounts

• Apex Courage 098 • Black Rifle 5099 • Meyers Fair N Square M39 • Sitz Continuity • Connealy Commerce • And Others

Apex Angus meets the needs of both the cowherd and marketplace Our herd sire selection, outcross or in herd are based on the bulls performance record for gainability, docility, feed conversion, and a good strong maternal background.

The bulls and heifers offered on 3/5/2024 will keep on doing for you what they’ve done for years at APEX ANGUS, an honest and trustworthy job.

THE SWANSON FAMILIES Kurt 406-279-3341

Kirby 406-472-3245

Daryle & Pam 406-279-3548

To receive at catalog email us: apex@3rivers.net 7 Generations of Angus Cattle In Big Sky Country

www.apexangus.com

SALE BROADCAST LIVE: northernlivestockvideo.com

$W +53

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A20

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

Western Crop and Pest Management School

North Dakota State University Extension has set the 2025 Western Crop and Pest Management School for March 5-6 at the Ramada Hotel in Bismarck, North Dakota.

The highlight of the school is the line-up of speakers sharing their expertise on weeds, insect and disease management, soil acidity, soil fertility and nutrient management, agronomy, forage and cover crops research, and markets trends and price forecasts for North Dakota agricultural crops.

Additionally, the program schedule allows for more indepth discussion with the instructors regarding crop production issues and concerns from the past growing season.

The hands-on training portion of the program has been expanded to five breakout sessions, each with more time allotted for learning and discussion, shares Charlie Lim, NDSU Extension weed specialist and event co-organizer.

Check in starts at 9 a.m. Central time on March 5, and the program begins at 9:20 a.m.

“Wednesday morning, March 5, will have excellent speakers sharing updates on weed control and management, highlighted by a discussion panel of weed scientists and experts from academia and industry,” says Lim. “During the weeds panel, attendees can share their current weed control challenges and ask questions about viable weed control options and strategies for 2025.”

Lunch will be provided at noon on Wednesday.

On Wednesday afternoon the concurrent breakout sessions begin. This include hands-on training on weed identification, soil management and cover crops, insect identification, crop disease identification, and growth staging, abiotic stress diagnosis, and disease inoculation processes. Attendees will rotate through a round of breakout sessions to mark the end of first day.

The remaining hands-on training sessions will continue through mid-morning Thursday, March 6, followed by a program of speakers who will discuss disease management in broadleaf crops and small grains and the latest agronomy research results.

Lunch will be provided at noon on Thursday.

The event will conclude Thursday afternoon with speakers discussing the latest research in forage crops and soils, including research on alleviating soil acidity in western North Dakota. This will be followed by a soils discussion with a panel of soil experts and an ag economics panel discussion.

The event concludes on Thursday at 3:45 p.m.

A total of 12.5 Continuing Education Units (CEUs) will be offered to Certified Crop Advisors (CCAs) who attend the event.

The fee to attend is $100.

Pre-registration is required.

The deadline to register is February 14, 2025, or when the school is full. Event attendance is capped at 120.

Notepads, pens, handouts and training materials will be provided at the event.

For a detailed agenda, list of presenters and to register online, visit ndsu.ag/cropsschool25.

MFU offers Sentence Grant support to local 4-H clubs Montana 4-H Clubs can once again receive $100 from Montana Farmers Union as part of the grassroots organization’s Sentence Grant program.

The Sentence Grant program has provided more than $20,000 to 4-H clubs in the state since 2023. This program helps inspire clubs to discuss community projects they can pursue during the year.

Clubs use a brief form to send MFU a single sentence stating what the club will use $100 to do in their communities. If clubs follow up with a public thank you for the Sentence Grant, they receive additional funds. An example of a thank you would be a short article of the project in a local newspaper.

Grants awarded have included money for fairground improvements, food and supplies for community programs, flowers for town beautification, interactive activities with community members, purchasing chicks, and more.

Funding is available through October 1.

To learn more about how to apply, find your regional Membership Ambassador: https://montanafarmersunion. com/about-us/mfu-board-staff/; or apply: https://montanafarmersunion.com/education/scholarships-grants/.

MFU offers scholarships More than $10,000 is available in scholarships through Montana Farmers Union.

The scholarships are one of the ways MFU supports family farmers and ranchers through education and include the Bud Daniels Memorial Scholarship ($1,000), the John Korsbeck Memorial Scholarship ($1,000), and the Cascade County-wide Farmers Union Local ($1,000) Chouteau County Farmers Union Local ($500), Montana Farmers Union Scholarships ($1,000), and Flathead County-wide Farmers Union Local ($500) scholarships.

High school seniors, current college students, and nontraditional students are encouraged to apply by April 1.

Applicants must be MFU members. MFU members also are eligible for several National Farmers Union scholarships.

Learn more at nfu.org.

More information and applications are available at https:// montanafarmersunion.com/education/scholarships-grants/.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A21

CUSTOM MANUFACTURED FACILITY

All with Double strength truss systems for heavy lifts. Partnership fell apart and financing failed.

Three opportunities: 90x112, 80x154, 80x126; all heavy lifts. Buy one or all three. Pre-Covid prices.

For information call 218-863-6444 -or- Cody Kisner, Sales Rep. 406-945-4918 rockbottomllc@hotmail.com

www.henrybuilding.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A22

Has the Trader’s Dispatch helped you find what you were looking for? Please tell an advertiser!

Farmers for Soil Health cover crop program

The 2024 Farmers for Soil Health (FSH) enrollment window is closing on February 28.

Farmers for Soil Health is a farmer-driven initiative for farmers aimed at improving soil health through the adoption of cover crops. The collaboration among the Soy Checkoff, Pork Checkoff and National Corn Growers Association in partnership with state commodity groups and conservation organizations seeks to double the adoption of cover crops to reach 30 million acres by 2030. North Dakota State University Extension is coordinating the program for North Dakota.

Through the Farmers for Soil Health program, enrolled farmers receive incentive payments for adopting cover crops on their farms. The incentives are supported by a $95 million U.S. Department of Agriculture Partnerships for ClimateSmart Commodities grant.

“While traditionally farmers first get enrolled into a program then plant after, Farmers for Soil Health allows enrollment both before and after planting cover crops,” says Rutendo Nyamusamba, NDSU Extension conservation agronomist stationed at the Dickinson Research Extension Center. “This unique feature of enrolling after planting the cover crops gives farmers flexibility in their time management and strategizing of operations.”

Farmers for Soil Health is a three-year program. Crop fields in a corn and/or soybean rotation are eligible for the Transition Incentive Payments (TIPs) totaling $50 per new acre of cover crops across three years. This is structured as $25 the first year, $15 the second year and $10 the third year.

The program is also offering Signing Incentive Payments (SIPs) of $2 per acre for existing cover-cropped fields.

A field that has a cover crop planted in it for the first time in 2024 is eligible for TIPs. If a field has a cover crop that was planted in 2024, and the same field was also planted with cover crops in the 2023/2024 season, then it qualifies for SIPs. Farmers for Soil Health can be staked with other programs if those programs are paying for something other than the cover crop practice.

North Dakota State University Extension is coordinating the program for North Dakota.

“When a farmer takes the step to plant cover crops, but the establishment falls behind the expectations, FSH understands that such a farmer will still reap benefits from that cover crop,” shares Nyamusamba. ”Do not let the fear of crop establishment keep you from adopting cover crops.

That is the reason for FSH – to help you start the journey of cover cropping.”

Enrollment into FSH is rolling. After March 1, the enrollment year becomes 2025.

Visit FarmersforSoilHealth.com for information on eligibility and how to enroll online for cover crop payments.

For sale details,

visit our website

Join our families on sale day

March 15, 2025 Lunch: 11am Sale: 1pm at the ranch at Olive, MT

Sires of the offering:

Millars Duke 816, U-2 Coalition 206C, GDAR Justified 914, LD Capitalist 316, Coleman Bravo 6313, Coleman Justified 132, VDAR MAGA 2042, VDAR Cedar Wind 568 & more!

Bid online at

Chris: (406) 935-3183 Joe: (406) 498-6113

Winter cold and insect mortality

By Samantha Daniel, UNL With forecasted bitterly cold temperatures across Nebraska, producers may be wondering if overwintering insect pests could be killed, and their populations reduced.

Although we could see temperatures in single or negative digits with wind chills reaching several degrees below zero, insects have adapted to survive winter’s chill.

Many of our most significant pests, like western bean cutworm and western corn rootworm, spend the winter below the soil surface. While soil temperature is dependent on many factors, it generally does not fluctuate significantly, even during extreme cold snaps. Soil that is covered by crop residue or snow will be further protected from bitter air temperatures. This means that the insects overwintering belowground are protected as well.

Insects that overwinter in more exposed areas have additional cold adaptations. For example, soybean aphids overwinter as eggs and supercool to temperatures as low as -29 degrees F while European corn borer larvae can produce glycerol; a substance which acts as a biological antifreeze.

Additionally, keep in mind that not all our insect pests overwinter in Nebraska. Several species including the fall armyworm, black cutworm, and corn earworm spend the winter in warmer climates and migrate to Nebraska during the growing season.

Even though insect pest populations will undoubtedly survive this period of extreme cold, remember that beneficial insects like parasitoids and natural predators will survive too!

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A23

100+ PAP Tested Yearling Angus Bulls to Sell!

Featured Sires Include

Sitz Logo 8148

AAA #19087441

Sitz Threshold 9901

18 SONS SELL

AAA #20043616

19 SONS SELL

EZAR Step Up 9178 (13 Sons)| SITZ Royalty 1299 (16 Sons)| Sitz Resilient 10208 (8 Sons)

l a u n n A 34

march 6th, 2025

th

1:00 p.m. mst • Dillon, MT

ANGUS BULL SALE Dillon Livestock Auction

Lot 1 SD Threshold 2058-4728

Lot 8 SD Logo 7269-4725

AAA # 21075199

Sire: Sitz Threshold 9901 MGS: Sitz Logo 8148

31 PAP

38 PAP

CED +5 BW -.4 WW +77 YW +136 $W +85

CED +4 BW +1.1 WW +95 YW +174 $W +86

CED +4 BW +2.9 WW +88 YW +153 $W +67

Sire: Sitz Logo 8148 MGS: S A V Renown 3439

Lot 43 SD Final Answer 4153

AAA # 21075189

Fertility Tested

AAA # 21075106

40 PAP

Lot 17 SD Logo 0539-4270

Sire: Sitz Logo 8148 MGS: Jindra Acclaim

Lot 12 SD Step Up 4017

AAA # 21075198

AAA # 21075149

Sire: EZAR Step Up 9178 MGS: M A R Fortitude 709

Lot 78 SD Exemplify 4238 AAA # 21075183

37 PAP

38 PAP

32 PAP

CED +3 BW +2.1 WW +8 YW +155 $W +88

CED +2 BW +2.6 WW +79 YW +139 $W +70

CED +12 BW -.7 WW +74 YW +125 $W +76

Sire: SD Final Answer 5081 MGS: S A V Rainfall 6846

Maternally Minded

PAP Tested!

Sire: SD Exemplify 7269-1164 MGS: KW Safeway 2020

Easy Calving

with lots of performance!

This year’s sale will showcase 18 sons out of our herd sire Sitz Logo 8148. His sons have been topping many sales throughout Montana. “8148” has been identified as the #1 bull in the Angus Breed for Udder and Teat quality adding to his many desirable traits propelling his daughters to the top of our program and the breed. These are the replacement keeping kind.

SCAN THIS CODE

When you want performance from your calf crop--80% of the sale bulls exceed the breed average for weaning weight EPD!

FOR MORE INFO

You will see the difference!

Steve & Linda Buckner | 406-498-3005 | steve@splitdiamond.com Hans & Diana Buckner | 406-581-0612 | hans@splitdiamond.com

Bid Online at www.frontierlivesale.com

View Videos at www.splitdiamond.com! | 53 Ridder Lane, Whitehall, MT

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A24

The deadline for advertising in the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th.

Phone (406) 271-5533. or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

TIMED ONLINE ONLY

Feeding cracked versus whole corn

By Lisa Moser, K-State Research and Extension Beef producers make decisions about what to feed their animals daily and the answer often depends on the age and sex of the animal and what its job in the herd is. When deciding which type of feed to offer, cost is a consideration, Kansas State University beef cattle nutritionist Phillip Lancaster said.

Speaking on a recent Beef Cattle Institute Cattle Chat podcast, Lancaster addressed a question about feeding cracked corn to steers being raised to the finished stage on the home operation.

“There is a difference in the digestibility of whole corn versus cracked corn,” he said. “Because the steer ration will have a high level of corn, there is a benefit to feeding them cracked corn, and that is about a 5% increase in the net energy of gain from that corn.”

In the case of the steers, Lancaster said the price of corn would guide his recommendation.

“Is it cost-effective to feed cracked corn? If the feed mills are charging $10 a ton to crack the corn, then the price of the corn needs to be about $6 per bushel or higher for that to pay off,” Lancaster said.

As for the cows that are getting a feed supplement along with their high forage diet, Lancaster advised feeding whole corn instead of cracked corn.

“Because it is a lower percent of the diet and the cows will be able to do the mechanical breakdown by chewing their cud, it is more cost-effective to feed them whole corn,” he said.

Lancaster added that even if producers observe whole corn kernels in the feces, it doesn’t mean that the animal did not get energy from the corn.

“Whole corn will be less digested than cracked corn, but bacteria will still penetrate the hull and some starch from the inside will be digested,” he said.

GREGORY MILLER ESTATE

ENDS: TUE, MARCH 4 • 1:00 PM • BILLINGS, MT

It is with profound sorrow the passing of Gregory Eugene “Greg” Miller, who tragically lost his life in a farm accident on Thursday, September 5, 2024. He was a beloved husband, father, brother and friend. A lifelong farmer, Greg loved the farm. Growing up, his grandpa, George, would pick him up from school and put him behind the wheel to drive the backroads long before he was legal to drive. One of Greg’s biggest joys was working alongside his father on the farm. A heartfelt thank you to the farming friends and community of West Billings for their support in bringing Greg’s final harvest to a close.

For more info, hundreds of photos & bidding registration, visit mbauction.com

VIEW FULL AUCTION LISTINGS ONLINE @ MBAUCTION.COM

BILLINGS MT (406) 652-2266

#### Why did the picture go to prison?

Because it was framed! ##### Where do cows go on Friday nights?

They go to the moo-vies! ##### What did one eye say to the other eye?

Between us, something smells!

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A25

2025 Demand Performance Sale Bull Sale * Thursday, March 6 at Hills Ranch Son of WS Mr Sniper 22K

Son DBS Hot Shot 397H

LOT 6 Purebred Simmental BW: 88 / WWadj: 661 lbs / Index: 101 Son of Sterling Pacific 904 Homozygous Black / Homozygous Polled

LOT 42

LOT 24 Purebred Simmental BW: 91 / WWadj: 722 lbs / Index: 110 Son of Connealy Liberty 837A Homozygous Black / Homozygous Polled

LOT 46

1/2 Simmental - 1/2 Angus BW: 83 / WWadj: 696 lbs / Index: 108

1/2 Simmental - 1/2 Angus BW: 88 / WWadj: 676 lbs / Index: 105

Offering Simmental and SimAngusTM bulls!

Purebred Simmental bulls offer great opportunity for commercial producers. We have focused on calving ease, growth and carcass data for the benefit of our customers. Each sire we use is expected to produce sound udders, feet and high reproductivity. This approach guarantees you a bull with the performance you need and the longevity you should expect.

We use AI bulls from top quality Angus sires.

All bulls purchased from Hill’s Ranch come with a 100% Guarantee for the 1st breeding season.

42 Purebreds from DBS Hot Shot 397H DBS Hugo 401H JJK 254 Guardian Kassube Home Run H156 DBS Guardian 409G WS Mr Sniper 22Kw (Red)

16 Percentage sons from Sterling Pacific 904 Connealy Liberty 837A LRS Iconic 303C Hills Yeti Guard J432

Tom & Kathy Hill and Family 1045 Simmental Ln Stanford, MT 59479

(406) 566-2479

www.hillsimmental.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A26

MOBILE AG REPAIR

• John Deere and Case/New Holland Computer Diagnostics • Pre-Harvest / Hay / Winter Inspection • General Mechanical Hydraulic Repair • A/C Repair • General Maintenance Serving Teton, Cascade and surrounding counties

Calculating the annual cost of cows in 2025

By Aaron Berger, Nebraska Extension Livestock Educator The 2025 year is starting off with extremely strong prices for calves, feeder cattle, and fed cattle. The Nebraska Extension will host the Calculating Annual Cow Costs webinar series on Monday and Thursday evenings, February 17, 20, 24, 27, March 3, and 6 from 7:30 - 8:30 p.m. CST to assist producers. The interactive program will explain the fundaAcciacca Agriculture Phone Brad - (406) 799-2042 mentals of knowing and calculating annual cow costs. or Tom (406) 799-8323 “Strong prices are creating enthusiasm for purchasing Fairfield, MT replacement heifers and cows to rebuild the cowherd,” said Aaron Berger, Nebraska Extension Livestock Educator.

Part of the decision process of knowing what one can afford to spend for replacements is knowing annual cow costs. Understanding annual cow costs and the factors that impact them is the foundation for evaluating and making management decisions that can improve profitability for a cow-calf enterprise. Calculating costs and breaking them into categories gives understanding of where there may be an opportunity to make changes and improve profitability.

Topics to be covered will include: Understanding the economic unit cost of production for the cow-calf enterprise.

Recognizing the value and cost of both grazed and harvested feed.

Calculating cow depreciation and replacement develCONNEALY CRAFTSMAN VA GALLATIN 1010 opment costs.

AAA: 20132505 AAA: 20185168 Figuring the cost of equipment and labor utilized in the CED BW WW YW Milk CW CED BW WW YW Milk CW cow-calf enterprise. +1 +1.6 +75 +131 +37 +48 +11 +.5 +88 +145 +34 +48 Examining breeding expenses and evaluating the value and cost relationship.

Reviewing benchmark cost and production data to see how you compare.

The webinar series is $70 per person and includes a resource workbook. The course is limited to 35 participants. To register, go to https://go.unl.edu/cow_ costs. Registration is requested by Feb. 7 to ensure pre-meeting preparation DEER VALLEY BRIGADE 81247 TEHAMA PATRIARCH F028 material is available to participants. A computer and AAA: 19469706 AAA: 18981191 internet connection will be CED BW WW YW Milk CW CED BW WW YW Milk CW needed to participate in the webinar series. +4 -.4 +76 +144 +31 +64 +14 -1.8 +70 +134 +29 +54 For questions about the webinar series or more information, contact Aaron Berger, Nebraska Extension Educator, at 308-235-3122 6485 HIGHLINE RD, MANHATTAN, MT or aberger2@unl.edu.

19th Annual

PRODUCTION SALE Selling 90 Yearling Angus Bulls MARCH 11, 2025

16 SONS SELL

24 SONS SELL

10 SONS SELL

15 SONS SELL

DARIN & GLORIA VELTKAMP Darin: 406-539-8564 | Codey: 406-577-6304 dveltkamp@hotmail.com

Videos and Updated Info at: VELTKAMPANGUS.COM

Celebrating over 40 Years in the Angus business

##### English is funny: A near miss. A near miss is, in reality, a collision. A close call is actually a near hit. ##### Extraordinary. If extra-fine means “even finer than fine” and extra-large “even larger than large,” why doesn’t extraordinary mean “even more ordinary than ordinary”?

Grazing crop stubble can extend feed resources

##### My friend keeps saying, “Cheer up! It could be worse: you could be stuck underground in a hole full of water.”

I know he means well.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A27

NH Bale Wagons & Retrievers FOR SALE & WILL PURCHASE

Sod Buster Sales, Inc.’s Farm Equipment Finding Service — Phone (406) 883-2118

By Lisa Moser, K-State Research and Extension news service Eating leftovers is a way for people to save money while still getting nutritious food. For beef producers, one way to extend the grazing days is to turn cattle out on crop fields after harvest, according to the veterinarians at the Kansas Manska Wheat Grass - Leafy, green, thin stem, high quality, State University Beef Cattle Institute.

Addressing this topic on a recent Cattle Chat podcast were high hay yields. Compares to alfalfa.

K-State veterinarians Brad White, Bob Larson and Scott 2-ton per acre, dry year – 31/2-ton per acre wet year Fritz, who specializes in veterinary toxicology.

Cool season. Easy to establish.

“Crop stubble is a great feed resource for cattle, but it is a resource that will decrease in nutrient quality the longer Call Chuck, 1-605-891-0355, South Dakota - www.chucknoblefarm.com the cattle are in the field,” Larson said. “When cattle are first turned out, there is often a lot of leaves on the plants, but over time cattle will strip those leaves off.”

Larson recommends beef producers monitor the grazing fields and offer supplements to the herd as needed.

White agreed, adding: “The cow herd will likely need to be supplemented with protein later in the winter.”

And while they agree that crop stubble can be a valuable feed resource, there are risks to be aware of, Fritz 19th Annual Sale said.

Lunch at 11:30 • Sale starts at 1:00 pm “In a dry year, droughtGlasgow Stockyards in Glasgow, MT stressed forages can accumulate nitrate and can poison the cattle, so it is important 2 – 2 Yr Old Red Angus Bulls to do a field test in arid parts of the country,” he said.

2 – 18 Month Old Red Angus Bulls By contrast, Fritz said overly wet fields also pose 85 Red Angus Bulls a risk.

105 Red Bred Heifers “Cattle turned out on flooded fields can be exposed 100 Red Heifer Calves to mold growth that leads to mycotoxin issues,” he said.

10 Black Heifer Calves Before turning the cattle out on the crop stubble, 30 Red Angus 3 Yr Old Cows Fritz recommends walking through the field to assess the 50 Short Term Cows quality of the field and look for grain spills.

Veseth Cattle, where the focus is on the Female.

“One problem a lot of people overlook is a pile of 1 Genetics. Veseth Cattle Co. has an exhaustive Artificial Insemination (AI) corn that got spilled in the program to improve their cattle. We have AI’ed 8500 females in the last 26 years. field when loading the grain cart. If a cow eats 20-30 2 Selection. Veseth Cattle Co tests and verifies all production inputs and that pounds of grain, she will get is why only 10% of the AI sires sampled in our program are used 4 or more years. acidosis, and if it is a pile of soybeans, the (opposite) happens and they can end up 3 Cost. Veseth Cattle Co. is affordable. Our bulls average $3400 at auction. This is with a neurologic disease,” a 43% savings per bull under the industry average bull. Only 1 in 3 bulls saved at the he said. ranch makes the cut for our bull sale.

Along with inspecting the field for spills, Fritz recommends that producers also 4 Effi ciency. Cows are grazed year-round on native range. Most of our range evaluate water sources and is 7 acres per animal unit in the Missouri Breaks. These cows must raise good calves, grass strips. rebreed, and maintain their body condition on minimal inputs.

“Make sure that whether it is surface water or a dedi5 Focused on the Female. This is where we can make our customers cated underground source, the most money. Our high bred females will produce over 30% more in lifetime it is functioning before the production compared to her industry average straight bred counterparts. cows are turned out,” Fritz said.

D ale & J anet V eseth White added: “It is a good idea to give the water source a flush through, so you know the cattle are getting clean, fresh water.”

The last thing to check for when inspecting the field is the grass strips that might be full of weeds. “When putting (406) 658-2504 up the hot wire around the field, make sure there are no djvsth@itstriangle.com noxious plants in the grass 22787 Midale Rd • Malta, MT 59538 strips,” Fritz said.

GRASS SEED FOR SALE

March 10, 2025 Selling

www.VesethCattleCo.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A28

WANTED

Nebraska’s Master Irrigator Program

than any other state. UNL has long been a leader in research, teaching, and extension programs focused on irrigation cropping systems. Combined with USDA NRCS and Nebraska Natural Resources Districts programs, Nebraska growers are already some of the most skilled in the world.

Our Goal is to Serve You Better!

The goal of the program is to meet the needs of the state’s top irrigators, said Derek McLean, dean and director of UNL’s Agricultural Research Division. Nebraska’s Master Irrigator program will cater to those seeking to elevate their fields to the next level. Topics will include leveraging new technologies, implementing conservation and regenerative practices, navigating current events, and managing the complexities of modern farming.

“Nebraska producers are extremely knowledgeable about irrigation and nutrient Come see us at MATE in Billings, MT - Feb. 20 - 22 management,” McLean said. “What we’re 5% OFF on all IN STOCK items hearing is a desire for more opportunities to interact with peers and industry leaders Inventory and Custom Design on the latest advances in water manage• Steel Fence Supplies ment and irrigation technology. In a state SALE • Livestock Shelters / Feeders 10-ft. x 23/8” $ like Nebraska, the futures of irrigation • Cattle Guards Braces 35 ea. management and precision agriculture are • Custom Fabrication Offer ends Feb 28 inextricably linked, and we have a role to • Skid Steer Attachments and more play in shaping what that looks like.”

For After Hours Service Call 406-320-2783 The need for a high-level program like Master Irrigator was underscored by farmers across the state. The program will also highlight the work of Nebraska’s most innovative producers.

“We are armed with so much intelligence, science, and research that building a trust model is what comes next, and I think that’s where Master Irrigator will reside,” said Roric Paulman, a grower from western Nebraska.

The program will align with UNL’s TAPS program, based at the West Central Annual Production Sale Research, Extension, and Education Center in North Platte. TAPS allows farmers to experiment with new 1pm at the Ranch Hingham, MT technologies and crop14504 Road 6 North growing approaches in a WW Wrangler 4251 - 20990938 WW Validate 4272 - 20976609 WW Gratitude 4318 - 20976620 fun, risk-free environment.

Nebraska Master Irrigator will also support Gov. Jim Pillen’s initiative to expand the state’s bioeconomy, encouraging producers to be efficient stewards of natural resources while maintaining CED BW WW YW Wn adj wt YR adj wt CED BW WW YW Wn adj wt YR adj wt CED BW WW YW Wn adj wt YR adj wt Nebraska’s leadership in 13 -0.9 77 141 791 1303 6 0.6 83 148 817 1459 1 3.1 72 129 710 1230 livestock, crops, and biofuels production.

WW Load Up 4377 - 20982775 WW Bardolier 4529 - 20976605 WW Confederate 4629 - 20988091 “The goal is to prepare producers for success in all areas of their operations,” Powers said. “From precision agriculture tools to regenerative management practices, all with an eye on return on investment.

CED BW WW YW Wn adj wt YR adj wt CED BW WW YW Wn adj wt YR adj wt CED BW WW YW Wn adj wt YR adj wt Long-term, Master Irrigator 15 -2.7 75 126 717 1347 5 2.7 88 159 764 1354 10 -0.6 69 124 679 1233 aims to position Nebraska 2025 bulls are sired by: as a global leader in water and irrigation management WW Steakholder 2970, MAR Gratitude 26, GDAR Bardolier 2363, while fostering the state’s Shipwheel Confederate 1507, A A R Load Up J277, S Wrangler 830 agricultural and natural resource future.”

Plus, 50 top quality replacement heifers with strong influence of Whistling Winds Angus genetics!

Meetings, which are open to the public, are scheduled as follows: February 12: North Platte February 13: Central City February 26: Beatrice David Sattoriva Family March 4: O’Neill www.WhistlingWindsAngus.com H: 406-397-3386 March 6: Scottsbluff C: 406-390-1471 For more information or E: whistlingwindsangus@gmail.com to register, visit go.unl.edu/ master_irrigator.

Father and young son looking for ranch to hunt elk.

Would pay cash or trade for construction project.

Phone (406) 818-0158

The University of Nebraska–Lincoln is set to launch a new Master Irrigator program, providing Nebraska growers with a platform to connect with the latest agricultural innovations and conservation practices.

The program will begin in February with design summits offering an introduction to the initiative and allowing Nebraska growers to shape its future direction.

The goal of the Nebraska Master Irrigator program is to provide farmers with locally relevant insights into innovations from industry, policy, and research. Each session will highlight resources from UNL’s Testing Ag Performance Solutions (TAPS) program, the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Nebraska’s Natural Resources Districts, and other industry leaders. These highlights will be followed by discussions among growers to refine program development, said Crystal Powers, UNL Extension educator and program coordinator.

“We want growers to drive the creation of Nebraska Master Irrigator so it meets their needs,” Powers said.

Nebraska is the epicenter of modern irrigated crop production, with deep roots in the practice’s history and development. Today, Nebraska has more irrigated cropland acres

We Believe the Mother Cow Matters

Monday, March 17, 2025

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A29

Fritz Red Angus 37th Annual Production Sale

Thursday March 13th, 2025

At Fritz Red Angus 32 miles east of Brady, MT 4071 - Jump Start son • BW 75 • 205 wt 700 • R 110 • 365 wt 1211 • R 104 • ProS 138 • HB 67 • GM 71 • CED 13 • B -1.5 • W 85 • Y 147 • Mlk 32 • St 18 • Mrb .46 • Rea .35

Lunch at noon Sale time 1:00 pm

4150 - Stark son • BW 83 • 205 wt 783 • R 113 • 365 wt 1332 • R 112 • ProS 129 • HB 67 • GM 62 • CED 10 • B -0.3 • W 89 • Y 146 • Mlk 25 • St 18 • Mrb .34 • Rea .026

Selling:

4049 - Monument son • BW 77 • 205 wt 713 • R 103 • 365 wt 1218 • R 102 • ProS 106 • HB 45 • GM 61 • CED 12 • B -1.2 • W 88 • Y 143 • Mlk 32 • St 15 • Mrb .62 • Rea .14

58 17

Yearling Bulls

(including 3 Sim Cross)

Yearling Heifers Free delivery

4195 - CIH 2020 son • BW 84 • 205 wt 738 • R 107 • 365 wt 1376 • R 115 • ProS 73 • HB 36 • GM 37 • CED 9 • B 0.9 • W 82 • Y 130 • Mlk 30 • St 14 • Mrb .28 • Rea .09

on bulls in Montana

Free care

until April 1, 2025 on Bulls 4177 - CIH 2020 son • BW 71 • 205 wt 747 • R 108 • 365 wt 1255 • R 10 • ProS 86 • HB 34 • GM 52 • CED 11 • B -1.4 • W 79 • Y 124 • Mlk 34 • St 13 • Mrb .41 • Rea .23

Fertility Tested

4018 - Monument son • BW 82 • 205 wt 846 • R 115 • 365 wt 1319 • R 106 • ProS 122 • HB 61 • GM 61 • CED 15 • B -0.5 • W 95 • Y 154 • Mlk 30 • St 11 • Mrb .53 • Rea .15

Progeny By:

4010 - Monument son • BW 65 • 205 wt 729 • R 99 • 365 wt 1284 • R 103 • ProS 117 • HB 65 • GM 52 • CED 16 • B -3.0 • W 83 • Y 137 • Mlk 26 • St 19 • Mrb .45 • Rea .06

Fritz Yellowstone 420F Fritz Monument 618G Fritz Summit 605G Fritz Monarch 1180 Fritz Yellowstone 1178 Fritz Coming in Hot 2020 SSS Tempo 778K VGW Charter 202 Pie Long Haul 1344 Bieber Jumpstart J137 Shag Rage 115 Wheel Stark 67G PPSR Gunners Force 30W LCDR Intrigue 749E

4138 - CIH 2020 son • BW 85 • 205 wt 702 • R 102 • 365 wt 1265 • R 106 • ProS 102 • HB 46 • GM 56 • CED 11 • B -0.67• W 78 • Y 127 • Mlk 30 • St 16 • Mrb .41 • Rea .20

Sale and videos on 4183 - CIH 2020 son • BW 75 • 205 wt 695 • R 101 • 365 wt 1334 • R 112 • ProS 73 • HB 19 • GM 54 • CED 12 • B -1.0 • W 83 • Y 131 • Mlk 33 • St 12 • Mrb .42 • Rea .22

To see more pictures, check us out on

4179 - Yellowstone son • BW 84 • 205 wt 719 • R 113 • 365 wt 1334 • R 114 • ProS 84 • HB 30 • GM 54 • CED 7 • B 1.2 • W 79 • Y 130 • Mlk 29 • St 15 • Mrb .35 • Rea .24

FRITZ RED ANGUS Joe & Heidi, Justin & Candace, Garrett & Madison Fritz EZ 4020 - Jump Start son • BW 65 • 205 wt 656 • R 110 • 365 wt 1258 • R 110 • ProS 129 1542 Fritz Ranch Ln. Brady, MT 59416 • HB 88 • GM 40 • CED 16 • B -3.4 • W 82 • Y 129 • Mlk 28 • St 20 • Mrb .36 • Rea .36 (406) 627-2374 jfritz430@hotmail.com

4118 - Charter son • BW 71 • 205 wt 755 • R 103 • 365 wt 1318 • R 106 • ProS 125 • HB 44 • GM 81 • CED 15 • B -1.8 • W 74 • Y 119 • Mlk 29 • St 13 • Mrb .67 • Rea .33

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A30

Say you saw it in the Trader’s Dispatch

Proposed listing of the monarch butterfly as threatened

HERD SIRE HEADQUARTERS

By Esther E. McGinnis, Horticulturist, NDSU Extension We take the graceful beauty of the monfound in 2023. arch butterfly for granted. This iconic speAlarmed by declining numbers, the FWS cies undertakes one of the world’s greatest concluded that the monarch merited listing migrations from central Mexico to southern as a threatened species due to decreases Canada and back again each year. Despite in breeding, migratory and overwintering its travel endurance, the species is still habitat, insecticide exposure and climate fragile as reflected by the U.S. Fish and change.

Wildlife Service’s (FWS) proposal to list The proposal’s cornerstone is designating www.centrol-llc.com the monarch as a threatened species under 4,395 acres of critical habitat in California the Endangered Species Act. where the western monarchs overwinter.

Goodbye 2024 crop year, hello 2025! Stay ahead of the game The two main North American populaThe U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service lacks and contact us today for all of your soil sampling needs! tions have experienced dramatic declines. jurisdiction over the Mexican wintering Standard Analysis, Complete Analysis, or Soil Health.

The eastern population overwinters in high reserves.

0-6 inch, 6-24 inch and 24-42 inch depths altitude fir trees west of Mexico City and In the past, the Endangered Species Act Composite or Variable Rate Sampling then migrates into the U.S. east of the Rocky protections for relatively obscure species with prescription writing.

Mountains. The much smaller west of the have generated controversy amongst differ3 GPS guided trucks available.

Rockies population overwinters in coastal ent groups. How does this proposal affect California, competing with humans for gardeners and homeowners in our region?

Take the guesswork out of your fertility program with soil sampling from Centrol. prime real estate.

The FWS seems to understand that an The eastern population is quantified in overly rigid approach does not work when Independently owned, serving the Golden Triangle since 1985. terms of area it occupies in Mexican winthe threatened species is dispersed across 49 tering grounds. Since the 1996-97 winter, states and not just a small niche habitat. In Joel Farkell Jeff Farkell the population has plummeted over the order for monarch populations to stabilize CCA CPAg/CCA years from 18 to 0.9 hectares in 2023-24. and recover, the agency realizes that it needs 406-581-6243 406-788-4875 The tiny western population is individually the general public’s support and participacentrol_llc@outlook.com counted and only 230,000 butterflies were tion to aid recovery efforts by planting milkweed and nectar plants.

While it is illegal under the proposal to kill, injure, harass or take monarch adults or caterpillars, numerous exemptions exist to prevent unintended legal consequences. Individuals will not be held liable for hitting a butterfly with a car. Captive rearing of fewer than 250 monarchs is allowed for educational and inspirational purposes.

Most importantly, gardeners th can still manage and remove milkweed in their gardens.

THURSDAY, MARCH 20, 2025 - 1:00 PM • AT THE RANCH NEAR HIGHWOOD, MT The proposal to list the SIRES: Armstrong, LVVF Tanker , Poss Winchester, Craftsman, Victory, Beal Breakthrough, Doc Ryan monarch as a threatened NEW THIS YEAR: 3 Sim-Angus Bulls species is not a done deal.

The FWS invites comments from the general public and AAA +*21158142 AAA +*21161909 AAA +*20863466 stakeholder groups through March 12, 2025. If interested, follow the link at the end of the article to review the proposal and submit comments, concerns and suggestions to improve the proposal.

M A R ARES 434 M A R ARMSTRONG 411 MAR 44 VICTORY 1807 As a horticulturist, I can+*PAR Ares 0615 x EXAR Hi-Tech 4769B *S Armstrong • x K C F Bennett Exponential *44 Victory x Baldridge Alternative E125 not speak on the impacts for CED BW WW YW RADG DOC MILK CLAW ANGLE CED BW WW YW RADG DOC MILK CLAW ANGLE CED BW WW YW RADG DOC MILK CLAW ANGLE the agronomic and ranching +3 +2.1 +81 +149 +.36 +26 +30 +.55 +.59 +7 +2.5 +98 +159 +.28 +22 +22 +.47 +.30 +13 -1.6 +71 +134 +.34 +15 +30 +.54 +.48 75% 70% 15% 10% 3% 20% 25% 75% 95% 45% 80% 1% 4% 35% 40% 80% 40% 2% 10% 10% 40% 25% 10% 70% 25% 70% 55% communities. However, we CW MARB RE $M $W $F $G $B $C CW MARB RE $M $W $F $G $B $C CW MARB RE $M $W $F $G $B $C +74 +1.35 +.90 +32 +70 +125 +88 +213 +308 +81 +1.35 +.92 +103 +93 +126 +90 +215 +382 +53 +1.44 +.46 +45 +70 +96 +90 +186 +286 all hope for a final rule that 15% 10% 25% 95% 30% 10% 10% 5% 15% 5% 10% 25% 1% 1% 10% 10% 5% 1% 55% 10% 80% 90% 30% 45% 10% 15% 30% conserves monarchs for our grandchildren while AAA *21155970 AAA *21139791 AAA *21163333 avoiding unintended consequences for our region’s agricultural industry. The key to striking a balance is extensive scientific data and submitting comments to ensure feedback from a variety of stakeholders.

M A R CRAFTSMAN 404 M A R PACIFIC 413 M A R TANKER 414 To read the proposal and *Connealy Craftsman x K C F Bennett Exponential *M A R Pacific 272 x R B Tour Of Duty 177 *LVVF Tanker 14 x G A R Reliant submit comments, visit CED BW WW YW RADG DOC MILK CLAW ANGLE CED BW WW YW RADG DOC MILK CLAW ANGLE CED BW WW YW RADG DOC MILK CLAW ANGLE https://bit.ly/monarchpro+1 +3.8 +92 +157 +.29 +20 +34 +.47 +.47 +6 +1.9 +85 +141 +.26 +25 +15 +.57 +.52 +9 +.2 +72 +128 +.25 +26 +15 +.50 +.41 90% 95% 3% 5% 30% 50% 10% 40% 50% 55% 65% 10% 20% 55% 25% 95% 80% 75% 30% 30% 35% 35% 60% 20% 95% 55% 20% posal.

CW MARB RE $M $W $F $G $B $C CW MARB RE $M $W $F $G $B $C CW MARB RE $M $W $F $G $B $C To learn how to design +77 +1.43 +1.13 +91 +91 +114 +96 +210 +363 +79 +.53 +1.18 +30 +63 +124 +54 +178 +261 +58 +.81 +1.07 +53 +59 +102 +66 +168 +271 10% 10% 10% 4% 2% 15% 4% 10% 2% 10% 70% 10% 95% 50% 10% 50% 25% 50% 40% 40% 15% 80% 60% 35% 30% 30% 40% a monarch conservation garden, visit ndsu.ag/monarBid live online at cci.live SALE MANAGER: TY & TAMI MALEK chgarden.

12 Annual Bull Sale Featuring 75 elite herd sire prospects.

Lunch: 12:00 Noon Sale: 1:00 pm sharp

AUCTIONEER: Kyle Shobe

Glen Davis 219-776-7584

406-899-4360 malekangusranch406@gmail.com 22700 Highwood Rd Highwood, MT 59450

##### A magnum of wine contains 1.5 liters

Roots of progress: The hybrid wheat journey continues

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A31

The deadline for advertising for the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th.

By Amanda Easterly, UNL Research Associate Professor | Chabella Guzman, PREEC Communications breeders within a market class often work Wheat growers in Nebraska often wonder collaboratively to create new varieties, meanif hybrid wheat could lead to increased yield 2009 John Deere 1830 57-ft. air drill, 1910 tow ing that there are closer genetic relationships and new beneficial traits like those seen in between cart, double shoot, 10” spacing. Field between wheat varieties from Nebraska and corn or sorghum hybrids. Recently, hybrid ready............................................. $55,000 obo Texas or Nebraska and Kansas, and this may wheat research has seen investment from Set of 4 Goodyear sprayer tires with rims, be a current limitation in how much heterosis both the public and private sector including 480/80R50, 80%...................................$12,000 we see in wheat.” a recent announcement from Corteva on a One of the more significant challenges is breakthrough in wheat hybridization techCall 406-480-4279, Dagmar, MT increasing the scale of hybrid seed producnology. While many specifics of the new tion, a constraint for both research and comtechnologies and approaches are not yet pubmercialization of hybrid wheat. Being able to licized, Corteva is not alone in creating and create and test hybrids effectively is needed evaluating wheat hybrids because they may to demonstrate a consistent benefit of hybrids be able to improve agronomic characteristics, over ‘traditional’ wheat varieties, but then from yield potential to drought resistance.

NEW HDPE PIPE once good hybrids are developed, the amount Wheat hybrids have remained out of reach – IN STOCK – of seed needed by interested growers grows on a commercial scale because creating a 1 1 exponentially. On the research side, Frels hybrid is time-consuming and costly. “Wheat 1” – 1 /4” – 1 /2” – 2” – 3” & 4” x 200 psi and her team can test three to five locations is a perfect and complete flower. That means Use for irrigation, stock water or drinking water.

Red stripe for electrical use.

Yellow stripe for natural gas use. a year with as little as a pound of seed, but that the anther where the pollen is produced farmers require 50-60 pounds of seed per is in the same spikelet as the stigma, whereas Also available 3/4” to 2” SIDR TURF/IRRIGATION HDPE pipe acre planted. corn has separate tassels and silks. Wheat 3/4” - 4” orange smooth wall HDPE conduit As for the Corteva breakthrough in wheat spikelets are very small, so methods other HDPE pipe available in 20 to 50-ft. lengths from 6” to 66” diameter hybridization, “It will be interesting to see than physical separation to prevent self-polliPipe is available by the stick - coil - reel - truckload how their innovations impact research and the nation must be used,” said Amanda Easterly, Call Ed at Big Sky Pipe – Great Falls, MT market. Hybrid wheat may also be an avenue Research Associate Professor at the UNL Delivery available 406-453-7299 Veteran Owned through which other new technologies begin High Plains Ag Lab. “Most of these methods or Email: ed.bigskypipe64@hotmail.com – www.bigskypipeandsupply.com taking off in wheat,” Easterly said. are based on either genetically or chemically stopping pollen production to control the cross-pollination, and both approaches tend to be expensive.”

TWO-YEAR-OLD UNL and Texas A&M University have had winter wheat hybrid research programs in place since 2014, of which Easterly was a member during her doctoral research. UNL’s Small Grains Breeding program, now led

by Dr. Katherine Frels, has AT THE RANCH been testing hybrids in Nebraska since 2016 across the state. The first results from the 2016 and 2017 tests indicated that some of the 600 experimental hybrids tested showed a yield benefit.

These hybrids also showed some yield stability under stressed conditions, particularly drought and heat. An upcoming publication from the Small Grains team shows that the best hybrids are indeed more stable performers under stress than some pureline wheat cultivars.

In addition to universities, companies such as Bayer, BASF, and Syngenta have 110 of our purebred heifers graded 96% Prime/Choice with 66% cutability also worked on hybrid wheat.

Many programs were evenMature • Easy Traveling • Stout • Polled • Carcass Merit • Growth tually shuttered or reduced due to the cost of creating and testing hybrids. A division of Monsanto, HybriTech, released a few hybrids in the Nebraska Panhandle and surrounding regions in the 1990s. They were marketed under the “Quantum” wheat brand, but the higher seed costs were a challenge for many growers. In 2023, BASF closed its hybrid Buddy Westphal Visit our website at wheat breeding program in WWW.VVCRBULLS.COM North America due to similar 44601 Valley View Road challenges.

Polson, MT 59860 The success of hybrid 50 miles north of Missoula, MT corn is attributed to a biological phenomenon called Call or Text cell: (406) 270-0222 heterosis. “Heterosis is a email: buddy@vvcrbulls.com situation in which the hybrid performs better, and preferAuctioneer ably way better, than either Rick Machado • (805) 501-3210 : of the parents used to create CALL ABOUT FREE DELIVERY it,” Easterly said. “Wheat

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

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56

SATURDAY March 22, 2025

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A32

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New insight into Earth’s water cycle

From the MSU News Service A new study led by a scientist in the is 8.1 days, globally. In comparison, the Montana State University College of Agwater in lakes is estimated to take 17 years riculture provides the first comprehensive and the water in glaciers is estimated to take global estimates of water stored in plants 1,600 years. and the time it takes for that water to flow “We have known for a long time that most through them. The research addresses a gap of the water that returns from the ground to in understanding of the global water cycle the atmosphere does so through plants, but and how it is being changed by land use until now, we did not really know how long and climate. it took,” said Felton. “Our results show that Andrew Felton, an assistant professor in the transit of water through plants occurs on MSU’s Department of Land Resources and the order of days, rather than months, years Environmental Sciences, is lead author of or centuries.” the study, which was published January 9 By combining estimates of the transit in the journal Nature Water. The publication of water through plants with the transit of culminates research Felton began during a water through the atmosphere (about 8-10 postdoctoral fellowship at Chapman Unidays) and through soil (about 60-90 days), versity in California. scientists can begin to estimate the total time Felton found that all of Earth’s vegetation it takes for a drop of water to move through stores about 786 cubic kilometers of water, the entire terrestrial water cycle. They General truck and trailer roughly enough to fill Flathead Lake 34 found that the transit time of water through maintenance and repair times. The time it takes for water to flow vegetation varied considerably across land through plants and return to the atmosphere cover types, climate and seasons. Transit — referred to as “transit” or “turnover” time time through croplands was consistently smithtruckservice11@gmail.com — ranges from five days in croplands to 18 the fastest, with water transiting through 9 Liberty Lane days in evergreen forests, the paper states. plants in less than a day during the peak of Manchester Industrial Park Felton said those results underscore vegthe growing season.

Great Falls, Montana etation’s dynamic role in the water cycle.

“One important observation is that The average time it takes for water to travel croplands around the world tend to have very similar and very fast through plants and back to the atmosphere transit times,” said Gregory Goldsmith, another of the paper’s authors and an associate professor of biological sciences at Chapman University. “This indicates that land use change may be homogenizing the global water cycle and contributing to its intensification by more rapidly recycling water back to the atmosphere, where it can turn into heavy rain events.”

To generate the estimates, the team first calculated the amount of water stored in plants using data from NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive satellite mission, which provided high-resolution estimates of the water in 449 sired by soils. The mission originally Kryptonite 150K saw plants as interfering with soil moisture measurements and corrected for their presence, but Felton’s team found that those corrections contained valuable information about the amount of water stored in plants.

2025 Sires Represented: “Plants are the forgotRED TER-RON REGIMENT 73K (4767445) ten part of the global water BERWALD COMPLETE 2071 (4687957) cycle,” said Felton. “The reWEBR DECLARE 2106 (4665853) sults suggest that the transit ELSL KRYPTONITE 768K (4670483) RED ALLISON PROTOTYPE 150K (4767449) time of water through plants BLL A163 MINDBENDER 21H (4348045) is likely to be very sensitive VGW AMAZING 117 (4428721) to events such as deforestaSTRA ADMIRAL 0150 (4331071) tion, drought and wildfire.”

VGW L0GIC 121 (4428707) The study has implica85 Performance Bulls tions more locally for MonANNUAL PRODUCTION SALE Performance & Fertility Tested, tana, he added.

Free Delivery to Adjoining States, “Much of Montana is Fully Guaranteed comprised of ecosystems with rapid transit times, 100 Yearling Females At the Ranch • 12:30 PM such as grasslands and cropReplacement, Registered and Commercial. lands,” said Felton. “A betGrass Range, Montana The Picks Sell ter understanding of the transit times of water flowing through plants in these For catalogs call or email us: DVAuction Broadcasting Real-time Auctions water-limited ecosystems Vic & Shari Westphal Feeder Procurement has important applications Marketing and Sale Management: PO Box 72 • Grass Range, MT 59032 for water resource manageDEICHMANN LIVESTOCK BROKERAGE 406-428-2179 • 406-366-4069 Dan & Marilyn Deichmann ment, including predicting www.westphalredangus.com P.O. Box 310 • Hobson, MT 59452 406-423-5500 • 406-799-5200 deichmannlivestock@gmail.com Raising Registered Red Angus Since 1976 drought vulnerability and westphal@midrivers.com managing irrigation.”

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MARCH 26, 2025

MFU Foundation offers $30k in grants

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A33

Advertising Deadline for the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th. Call (406) 271-5533 to place your ad.

More than $30,000 is available in community grants through Montana Farmers Union Foundation.

Applications are open now for the funding that supports projects which align with the MFU Foundation’s Mission to create new opportunities and contribute to the growth and enhancement of Montana agriculture and rural communities.

Projects must include an educational component for youth and/or adults, with priority given to rural communities.

The Foundation has awarded and leveraged more than $60,000 for projects in rural communities since launching the program in 2022.

Montana Farmers Union is a grassroots organization, and the Foundation’s grant program dovetails with 66Z 39F MFU’s principles of cooperation and education to buoy rural communities. Previous Over 55 years of continual whole herd AI recipients have ranged from Over 45 years of Performance Testing plasma cutters and beef models for high school classes to greenhouses and community gardens to children’s books about agriculture.

Submission deadline is FROM 66Z TO 39F: 50 YEARS OF GENETIC SELECTION May 1, and the grants are TO MAINTAIN RELEVANCY IN THE BEEF INDUSTRY open to anyone from Montana. The application form remains simple to not deA N N UA L P R O D U C T I O N SA L E M A R C H 2 7, 2 02 5 ter submissions and to be responsive to community FOR YOUR NEXT HERD SIRE OR FEMALE PURCHASE, LOOK TO KICKING HORSE RANCH needs.

1285 Nine Mile Road Kicking Horse Ranch The application is availOilmont, Montana 59466 Jim & Kathy Bjorkman www.kickinghorseranch.com able at https://montanafarm406-937-4815 krankin@northerntel.net ersunion.com/education/ scholarships-grants/.

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2009 Case 485, Iveco engine, S/N Z9F117153, 2806 hours, 5 remotes with oil case drain for air drill, Outback Model STX GPS with AutoSteer, 16 speed transmission, dual tires 710/70R42.

1991 Case 9270, 855 Cummins engine, S/N JCB0006974, 7660 hours, complete engine rebuild at 6000 hours, Outback Model STS GPS with AutoSteer. Has case drain for air drill with 4 remotes, tires 24.5-32 duals, 12 speed PowerShift transmission,

GRAIN TRAILERS

1997 Load King tri-axle 48-ft. trailer, 3 hoppers, roll tarp, spring ride suspension, electric hopper, Ag remote, complete with unloading conveyor, 24.5 tires, excellent condition.

1992 Load King tri-axle trailer, 3 hoppers, new roll tarp, air suspension ride, 24.5 rubber, very clean.

FLATDECK TRAILER

2004 PJ 24-ft. tandem axle dual wheel flatdeck trailer, dual jacks, 2-7000 lb. axles, like new.

2014 Case 8230 combine, S/N YEG223879, 2254 engine hours, 1969 threshing hours, 3016 Series II pickup, standard chopper, DEF delete completed, Pro 700 monitor, auto-fold hopper, tires front 900/60R32, rear 750/65R26, upgraded header lift cylinders, $60,000 work order completed DecemberJanuary 2022/23. Documents available.

MacDon FD-75 flex draper, straight cut header, 35-ft., also has contour buddy wheels, full length pea auger, stored inside. Like new condition.

MacDon 962 25-ft. straight cut header.

ROAD TRACTORS

1997 Western Star 9564 air ride suspension, 905,857 KMS, Cat 3406E engine, 18 speed, full differential lock, sleeper, ProHeat, excellent rubber.

1985 Western Star S/N 2WKPDCG9 GK9113376, 4597 hours, Cat 3406B engine, new liners and rings 2024, recently replaced radiator, alternator and one rear differential, wet kit installed January 2017.

Excellent rubber.

2010 Bourgault 5710 59-ft. air drill with 6550 ST tow behind air cart, implement hitch, 4 tanks with 3 augers, complete with mid row banders, (recently replaced), new Bourgault points, tank dividers, 9.8 spacing, new 591 monitor, good hoses and good tires.

FIELD SPRAYER

2016 Case 4440 high clearance sprayer, S/N: YFT042208, 1263 hours, 120-ft. booms, 20” spacing (option for 30” spacing) Aim Command Pro, DEF delete completed, 1250 gallon stainless tank, rise tank, foam marker, Pro 700 monitor, pulsating nozzles with auto-overlap shutoff, tires 380/90R46 (on sprayer).

J&M 750 bushel grain cart, hydraulic unload, 13” unloading auger, roll tarp, can be converted to PTO, very clean.

SERVICE TRUCK

1999 Ford F350 service truck, 4WD, 7.3 litre engine, quad cab, flatdeck with hidden ball hitch, underbody service boxes, toolbox, air compressor, slip tank for diesel with FillRite pump.

2WD TRACTORS

1983 Case 2290 complete with quick detach loader, 2 remotes with electric directional, valve for more remotes, 12 speed transmission, clutch replaced at 5936 hours, PowerShift replaced at 5000 hours, tires - duals, rear 18.4-38, front 11.00-16.

PLUS 3 TON TRUCKS, TILLAGE EQUIPMENT, GRAIN BINS & AUGERS, FARM TRUCKS, GRAIN VAC, SHOP & FARM ITEMS FOR COMPLETE LISTING & PICTURES GO TO www.balogauction.com

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A34

Deadline for advertising in the March 2025 issue is Wednesday, February 26th.

Web-based app to optimize soil sampling

The USDA’s Agricultural Research Service (ARS), the University of Nebraska–Lincoln (UNL), and the ARS’s Partnership for Data Innovations (PDI) have launched a new webbased application to facilitate digital soil mapping and optimize soil sampling. The Soil Deluxe Hydraulic Sample Planning Organizer Tool, or SSPOT, can be accessed at https://sspot.scinet.usda.gov.

Squeeze Chute Effective soil management relies on understanding the various factors that drive soil proFor Safe and Easy Handling ductivity, including pH levels, nutrient variability and organic soil carbon. Soil sampling has emerged as a valuable tool in advancing precision farming, particularly in today’s changing climate and the growing need to monitor carbon footprint in agriculture.

Land managers and researchers rely on routine soil sampling to monitor soil variability and determine the best practices to increase production while maintaining sustainability.

However, they often face the challenge of identifying the optimal number of soil samples and their locations in complex and varied landscapes while managing limited time, resources, and labor.

Selecting a well-distributed set of sampling sites is crucial for effective soil management decisions, and SSPOT aims to simplify this process.

SSPOT is a user-friendly tool with integrated algorithms to help users determine the optimal placement of samples needed to comprehensively understand soil activity in various soil types over time. The integrated algorithms simplify the process for non-experts and ultimately saves land managers, producers, and soil researchers both time and money.

Users can select their specific Area of Interest (AOI) on the SSPOT map and utilize one of two “optimizer” algorithms. The algorithms use the USDA’s Soil Survey Geographic Database and customizable grids to ensure sampling activities are thorough and efficiently capture the full picture of soil health within the selected area. SSPOT enables users to cus406.531.1036 tomize parameters for their search and export the results for practical applications in the field.

“SSPOT is an example of collaborative science, where a multidisciplinary team of experts Come see me at MATE from academia, the federal government, and the private sector worked together to bring a February 20 - 21 - 22, Billings, MT vision to life,” says Virginia Jin, Location Coordinator and Research Leader with the ARS Also available: Agroecosystem Management Research Unit. “We are confident that this tool can push forAll in one units - manual or hydraulic, alleys, tubs, ward the advancement of research for the benefit of croplands, grazinglands, and forestry.” scale units, and loading chutes.

Furthermore, a version of SSPOT will support the USDA’s National Resources Conservation Services in their conservation evaluaPOWER OF tion and monitoring activity efforts, including soil samPREDICTABILITY pling needs.

What does 69 years of breeding The project began at with the same goal in mind get you?

UNL with Professor Trenton A consistent, predictable product Franz, who developed the that has stood the test of time. initial algorithm and provided the scientific backing behind SSPOT. Consultant Simonson Stryker 942 Ben Cook developed the original SSPOT prototype Koupals B&B Bridger 2041 with Franz, and both conReg. 20515570 tributed greatly to the new SSPOT interface, which was developed with support from industry partner, Esri, inc. The ARS team led the testing and refining of the software, incorporatReg. 20491771 ing valuable feedback from stakeholders throughout the CED BW WW Milk YW Marb REA +11 +0.5 +68 +26 +120 +.31 +.57 process.

“Every project aiming CED BW WW Milk YW Marb REA +14 -2.4 +59 +33 +106 +.43 +.67 to understand soil variOTHER SIRES INCLUDE ability across a field faces GDAR Load Up 7104 the same questions: How Pine Coulee Hannibal H316 many samples should I take, Millars Duke 129 • Diamond Goalkeeper J160 and where should I colA A R Justified 2616 lect them?” Franz says.

Reg. 20457765 KG Justified 3023 • A A R Load Up J277 “While these questions seem straightforward, the anA A R Midas swers vary greatly dependReg. 20461674 ing on location and project goals. SSPOT was designed as a user-friendly tool to help both producers and researchers make informed sampling decisions.”

SSPOT is part of ongoing collaborations among CED BW WW Milk YW Marb REA +16 -2.0 +80 +29 +136 +.65 +.21 USDA, UNL and PDI aiming to strategize soil sampling to and improve soil CED BW WW Milk YW Marb REA health in the U.S. +14 -2.5 +73 +32 +122 +.91 +.58

Brad Arntzen cell: 406.350.4000 Kevin Arntzen cell: 406.350.1612 Derik Arntzen cell: 406.350.1728 577 Arntzen Lane Hilger, MT 59451 arntzen@mtintouch.net View bulls and bid online www.arntzenangus.com

APRIL 3 , 2025 • 1:00 P.M. RD

49th Annual Production Sale at the ranch

Selling 210 Bulls & 20 Top End Yearling Heifers All bulls have genomically enhanced EPDs.

##### English is funny: Watch your head. I keep seeing this sign on low doorways, but I haven’t figured out how to follow the instructions.

Trying to watch your head is like trying to bite your teeth.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A35

Storms only make for

deep roots

TH 45 TAP INTO OUR LINEUP 2025 SHOWCASE SIRES BRIDLE BIT RESOURCE

PB Simmental. A fresh pedigree for our program, coming from a maternal line of tremendous performance and consistency. Very balanced in his trait suite, offering physical superiority, incredible shape to his rib and top, and a stylish profile that will build the next generation of attractive females.

CONNEALY COMMERCE

PB Angus. An impressive combination of awesome phenotype, impeccable foot structure, and carcass building merit. We’re excited to use him on our most traditional Simmental foundation dams to make elite F1 matings.

HOOK’S EAGLE 6E

3/4 Simmental. A supremely consistent bull who sires a flawless genetic profile that adds value to every segment. His attractive combination of performance and carcass quality has proven reliable, measurable and versatile. He’s the kind who builds Reputation into the Beef Business.

CDI MAJOR IMPACT

Open Gate Ranch 45th Annual Bull Sale

Tuesday,, March 25, 2025 Tuesday 1:00 PM (MT) • Augusta, MT At Broken O Land and Livestock

90 Bulls Sell

BLACK • RED • SIMMENTAL • SIMANGUS™

Yearling and Fall Born BEEF Bulls 50 Open Heifers

PB Simmental. High ranks for growth, elevated yield performance and product driven offspring. We use him to build Purebred options with massive rib eye and sound calving ease that really compliment traditional Angus cows.

CCR POUNDER

1/2 Simmental. This bull’s reputation has been solidified across the nation as “consistency with no throw aways.” Extra length, capacity and frame, exceptional docility and wonderful structure all built into a very attractive package for both sons and daughters. There will be more of this sire group to come!

OPEN GATE RANCH The Mike and Kim Richert Family Rocky Mountain Front, Montana 406-467-2082 www.OpenGateRanch.com

Marty Ropp 406-581-7835 Rocky Forseth 406-590-7984 www.alliedgeneticresources.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A36

-- WANTED --

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1-855-285-0179 or 406-285-0179 Mark Oelke – Owner 20 W. Cedar • PO Box 788 • Three Forks, MT 59752 Visit us on the web at: www.mwmachine.net

Enhanced support for farmers with increased replant payments The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is bolstering support for farmers facing crop setbacks by announcing an increase in replant payments for most producers beginning with the 2026 crop year. This initiative aims to provide financial assistance to farmers who need to replant insured crops damaged by early insurable causes of loss.

“The enhancement in replant payments underscores the Risk Management Agency’s commitment to sustain agricultural productivity and economic stability,” said RMA Administrator Marcia Bunger. “Replant payments assist farmers with the financial burden of replanting, offering them a pathway to recover more than the insurance indemnity alone potentially would provide.”

Replant payment factors have not been updated since they were established in the 1990s.

RMA reviewed replant payment factors to ensure they reflect current replanting costs.

The agency determined most small grains and coarse grains crops will receive a significant

increase. RMA will consider future updates based on new data, further analysis, and stakeholder feedback from these changes.

RMA plans to announce the new replant payments with additional crop insurance improvements in the summer of 2025.

More Information Crop insurance is sold and delivered solely through private crop insurance agents. A list of crop insurance agents is available at all USDA Service Centers and online at the RMA Agent Locator. Producers can learn more about crop insurance and the modern farm safety net at rma.usda.gov or by contacting their RMA Regional Office.

RMA secures the future of agriculture by providing world class risk management tools to rural America through Federal crop insurance and risk management education programs. RMA provides policies for more than 130 crops and is constantly working to adjust and create new policies based on producer needs and feedback.

16 4 Annual Pr oduction Sale

IG N

R

THURS. - MAY 8 , 2025 - 1 PM

H NC A

KOE

th

GLASGOW STOCKYARDS ● 406-228-9306

40 - 2 VIRGIN BULLS ~ 30 OPEN HEIFERS yr old

FRANCIS 406-429-2925 ARLEY 406-429-6151 francis@midrivers.com

Bulls from the top 1/3 of the crop - Heifers from the heart of the herd .

Join us for LUNCH AT NOON Catered by Mama O’z Lineshack Catering

Auctioneer: 2010 World Champion Kyle Shobe Dick Raths - DVM - 38-Year Ranch Vet

P.O. Box 86•Winnett, MT 59087

VIEW THE SALE & BID ONLINE AT cattleusa.com Registered RED ANGUS Seedstock born & raised outside the feed yard.

Registered RED Angus 28 Yrs

KRP KANYON KRP KANYON MAKER MAKER 3 3853 853

11 Years of NATURAL Service (pictured 2024)

#1622622 HB STAY 109 26

PAST SALE BULL AVGS.:

PAST SALE BULL AVGS.:

FERTILITY

STAYABILITY

MOTILITY MORPHOLOGY 2022 86.6 87.4 2023 88.4 89.4 2024 88 88.6 RAAA AVG. ??????

YEAR

HB

STAY

90 92.6 102 RAA AVG. 55

22 23 23 15

2022 2023 2024

SALE BULL SAMPLING: NATURAL GROWTH - LONGEVITY SIRE #

SIRE

BULL #

DOB

205 DAM BW AWW STAY WR MPPA

#1622622 KRP KANYON MAKER 3853 #4867984 3/30/23 70 728 102 100 26 #1546984 KRP MAKE A MILL 2054 #4867990 4/19/23 85 753 105 104 23 #1329487 BUF CRK FINAL ANSWER W004 #4868256 3/30/23 80 737 101 100 23 #4172812 KRP MALBEC RED MILL 9636 #4868222 4/18/23 77 754 107 101 22 #3783603 KRP OLY'S WANDER 7500 #4867964 4/18/23 75 729 104 103 21 #4338991 KRP EPIC BUSTER 0689 #4868278 4/12/23 78 743 104 103 20 #3721545 RED U2 MALBEC 195D #4867956 4/1/23 85 748 103 102 20 #3984374 KRP HOLY PAY DAY 8221 #4868136 4/15/23 75 749 107 100 22 #3783459 KRP DOK KANYON BRITE 7359 #4868022 4/12/23 74 714 102 102 23 #4525809 KRP RIGHT KIND PAYER 1951 #4868390 4/14/23 74 762 104 102 22 #4338733 KRP LUNKER MAKER 0166 #4868250 4/20/23 74 714 102 99 24

Winter water needs

By Ben Beckman, UNL As the snow flies this winter, keeping a herd well-watered gets a bit harder. Power outages, frozen tanks, and massive drifts can be roadblocks to a steady water source during cold temperatures. It might be tempting at these times to let animals fend for themselves, after all, snow has water, right?

First, we need to consider how much water animals need.

As a rule of thumb, a dry cow or bull needs 1 gallon of water per 100 lbs. of body weight on an average day. Growing animals will require more.

Lactating animals are usually near the top for need with 2 gallons of water daily per 100 lbs. of body weight.

Often some of an animal’s water comes from its diet, but without fresh forage, almost all water needs must be met elsewhere. This means a cow needs to consume 30-40 lbs. of snow daily to meet it’s needs. When snow is crusted or trampled, consuming an appropriate amount is even more difficult.

The animal itself must also be considered. Eating snow is a learned behavior and doesn’t just happen overnight. Having an experienced cow in the herd to teach others can help, but animals new to the technique can still take up to a week to learn. Additionally, thin cattle (Body Condition Score of 3 or less) should not be forced to depend only on snow. Cattle should have at least a BCS of 4 and should be in good health.

While water demands in the winter may be less than summer, keeping water available can be difficult. Having animals eat snow may be tempting, but requires an experienced herd, plenty of fresh snow, and healthy animals.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A37

Pasture lease considerations

By Jerry Volesky, UNL As pasture grazing leases are getting finalized for the 2025 season, it is important to make sure that some of the key details are clear and in writing.

Traditionally, pasture leases are for 5 or 6 months from April or May through October. Specific starting and ending dates can be used, but there could be exceptions based on spring weather conditions or if there were drought conditions the previous year that might warrant delaying turn-out to allow some recovery of grasses.

A lease clause that provides details on what would happen if drought occurs during the season is a must. Most often, this is handled by reduced stocking rates or a shorter grazing period. Other situations that could affect the amount of pasture available includes severe hail, grasshoppers, or wildfire. In fairness of course, pasture rent owed should also be adjusted accordingly if the grazing period is shortened.

Consider pricing leases based on grazing animal unit months (AUM’s) rather than a flat rate per acre or cow-calf pair.

This can make it easier when adjustments are made to the length of time grazing occurs. In some cases, an abundance of pasture growth might result in extra grazing.

Other pasture and grazing management details that could be part of a written lease agreement would include fence maintenance and repair, weed control, or any issues associated with the livestock water supply. Some landowners might also have specific preferences in how grazing rotations are done through several pastures.

Start your communications early and make written agreements for fairness and equity. A fillable lease form for pasture can be found online by searching ‘Ag Lease 101’.

Dumb predictions “The wireless music box has no imaginable commercial value. Who would pay for a message sent to nobody in particular?”

–Associates of NBC President David Sarnoff (responding to his recommendation, in the 1920s, that they invest in radio)

GRAIN HANDLING & STORAGE Flat Bottom Bins - Hopper Bins - Aeration Systems - Retrofits Powersweep Unloads - Dryers - Concrete - Installation

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65 Registered Angus Bulls, 8 Registered Angus Heifers, PICK of 4 Donor Daughters

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A38

The deadline for advertising in the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th. Phone (406) 271-5533.

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What am I buying?

A guide to meat labels

By Jacob Klaudt, K-State Research and Extension news service “Gluten-free water” – she’s not sure what that means, but it was an actual claim that Kanas State University assistant professor of sustainable meat science Erin Beyer saw on a water bottle in Australia back in 2015.

While Beyer is not quite sure how a label this “interesting” was approved, she does know that many other claims printed on protein products can be difficult for consumers to navigate. To help clear up confusion, Beyer recently joined the Agriculture Today radio program to discuss the definitions of heavily used terms like “natural” and “certified organic,” and provide context for consumers.

“There is more label information today than I think there ever has been,” she said. “The most basic labeling system for commodity products, though, is the Uniform Retail Meat Identity Standards.”

Commodity markers – usually accompanied by a barcode and scale label – allow buyers to identify a cut of meat’s species, the wholesale area which it originated and whether it’s a steak or a roast. The meat industry classifies cuts thicker than 2 inches as roasts.

“The traditional label that comes on all commodity meat products helps people purchase products for their intended uses,” Beyer said. “So, it’s a system used that helps most buyers know they should not grill their roasts and should have a low, slow-type cooking method instead.”

Outside of commodity labeling, the branded meat sector has become more popular over the past couple decades and now encompasses more than 75% of the market, according to Beyer. Certified Angus Beef stands amongst the most popular brands, and its merchandise must pass through 10 parameters to qualify for CAB status.

“Like with any branded program, you can look those specifications up online and learn more about them,” she said. “A branded meat program usually is associated with premium meat or something in which purchasers have more trust that is higher quality than commodity.”

She added: “Is that always true? Maybe not so much.

However, they do separate themselves with their brand specifications.”

However, consumers may find it challenging to discern natural products from “naturally raised” meat. Beyer said the key to understanding the differences lies in the phase of meat production they accompany.

“Natural meat is minimally processed post-harvest, has no artificial preservatives and contains all-natural ingredients like water and salt,” she said. “Naturally raised is about the animal process, meaning it has never experienced antibiotics, growth promotants or additional hormones.

Beyer notes that most meat sold in stores falls under natural classification, however, not all processors take the time to get their goods approved for the label.

On the same note, the USDA prohibits giving certain livestock species – like poultry and swine – additional hormones, which may puzzle shoppers who see the designation “raised without added hormones” on beef and lamb products.

“There are hormones in all animal products,” Beyer said.

“We produce hormones as living beings just like animals produce hormones, so nothing is ever hormone-free, yet processors can tag meat as raised without added hormones if they did not receive hormone implants.”

Moreover, a certified organic marker takes the requirements for claims like ‘raised without added hormones’ and ‘natural’ a step further by including that producers must raise meat animals using organic methods while feeding organic ingredients.

“Organic methods are a little vague, but those parameters actually start at the last trimester of gestation for our red meat species and the first day of life for poultry,” Beyer said.

Beyer reminds protein purchasers, however, that certified organic and other claims do not mean that these goods differ in nutritional content nor change in food safety versus products without those labels.

More information about food product labeling is available online through the USDA.

“I don’t get no respect.”

After seeing The Godfather in 19762, comedian Rodney Dangerfield noticed that all the characters did the bidding of Don Corleone out of respect. Dangerfield just flipped the concept.

February is National Avocado and Banana Month National Avocado and Banana Month is a lively celebration of two beloved fruits, focusing on their versatility and health benefits.

This special month encourages everyone to enjoy these creamy and sweet treats in various creative ways. Avocados bring their rich, nutty flavor and healthy fats, while bananas offer natural sweetness and a wealth of nutrients!

Why Celebrate National Avocado and Banana Month?

National Avocado and Banana Month emphasizes the joy of experimenting in the kitchen. Whether it’s making creamy avocado toast or baking delicious banana bread, there are endless possibilities.

The event shines a spotlight on these fruits, inviting people to explore new recipes and enjoy their many benefits​​. Sharing recipes and tips with friends and family adds to the fun, making it a communal celebration!

Avocados are packed with fiber, vitamins, and healthy fats, which make them a great addition to any meal. Bananas, known for their high potassium content, also provide essential vitamins and are perfect for snacking.

Together, these fruits promote a healthier lifestyle and inspire culinary creativity. They encourage us to find new ways to incorporate them into daily meals, from breakfast smoothies to savory dishes​​.

History of National Avocado and Banana Month National Avocado and Banana Month started as a celebration to highlight the benefits and versatility of these two nutritious fruits. Though the exact origin of this celebration is unclear, it likely began as a way to promote healthy eating and support the avocado and banana industries.

Avocados, rich in healthy fats and fiber, and bananas, packed with potassium and vitamins, are both considered superfoods.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A39

Why Advertise in the Trader’s Dispatch?

Reason #8: Our graphic designers are available to help you with the creation of your ad, and those ads are built in offices in Montana! We have never outsourced our designers to foreign countries, and don’t ever intend to.

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A40

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Verbal leases: What happens when someone dies

By Jessica Groskopf, Nebraska Extension ag economist At a recent farmland leasing workshop, the question was raised, “I am a landlord with a handshake lease agreement.

What happens if I die?” At the time, I gave the simple answer, “The new owners of the land will be subject to the lease.”

Although this is technically correct, the situation is more nuanced than it appears. Depending on how the land is owned and passed on, there may be a period of uncertainty regarding who is responsible for the lease after the landowner’s death.

Handshake, oral, or verbal lease agreements remain common for leasing agricultural land in Nebraska. When the terms of the lease are not negotiated or written, Nebraska State Statute provides provisions for various scenarios. If the landlord dies during the term of a verbal lease agreement – and no additional verbal provisions related to this scenario were discussed and agreed to – the answer will depend on how the land is owned and passed on.

If the land passes through the owner’s will, the personal representative (executor) will be responsible for carrying out the lease until the probate process is completed. Probate is a court process of retitling assets and can take months or even years. Once the probate process is complete, the tenant will be subject to the property’s new owners (heirs).

If the land is in a trust, the trustee will be responsible for managing the lease. Depending on the terms of the trust, the land may be transferred outright to the beneficiary(s) or held in the trust and managed by the trustee.

If the land is owned by an LLC or corporation, the management of the lease will reside with the officers/owners of the corporation.

In all cases of ownership, someone will be responsible for executing the lease. If the lease is cash rented, the burden on the personal representative, trustee, or entity is light, presuming that they know the rental rate and how much has already been paid.

In a crop-share arrangement, the responsibilities are much more cumbersome: what is the shared percentage, what expenses are shared, who are the suppliers, what has been paid, where is the grain to be delivered, is there any grain currently in storage, etc.?

Regardless of whether it is a cash or crop-share lease, the personal representative, trustee, or entity will have the power to terminate the lease under Nebraska court decisions; see: https://go.unl.edu/verbal for details.

While these scenarios highlight the riskiness of verbal lease agreements, they can be avoided entirely with a clear, written lease. A written agreement that outlines what happens in the event of a landlord’s or tenant’s death provides certainty and ensures all parties understand their responsibilities.

Planning for spring annual forages

By Jerry Volesky, UNL While we are still early in the new year, it is time to start thinking about any spring annual forages that we might plant.

Part of the process may be anticipating a need for extra feed or booking seed early for possible discounts.

For spring or cool-season annual forages, the planting period is typically late March to early April, or when soil temperatures are in the 42 to 45 degree range. Oats is probably the most common cool-season annual forage planted in Nebraska. However, spring triticale or spring barley are two other small grain options that have been found to perform similarly to oats in terms of forage yield and quality.

Also similar is the number of days until ready to begin grazing or hay; so, the different species could be mixed if desired. One could look at seed cost of the different species before making a decision. With the early spring planting date of the cool-season annuals, grazing can typically begin around the 3rd or 4th week of May and last into early July.

Haying usually take place around the 3rd week of June.

If grazing is a primary goal, Italian ryegrass could be included in a mix with the cereal grains and this will result in a longer grazing period. Field peas are another species that could be included to enhance forage quality and provide some nitrogen fixation.

Remember to consider the herbicides that may have been used on a field the previous year. Some herbicides may have long residuals that could hinder establishment even into this spring.

Photocopiers

##### Teacher tells little Johnny off, “You know very well you can’t sleep in my class, Johnny.”

Johnny admits, “Yes, I know miss. But maybe, if you didn’t speak quite so loud, I could.” ##### Grape skins give the wine its color.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A41

Montana Holster & Shoulder Rig

Chester Carlson graduated with a physics degree in 1930 – at the beginning of the Great Depression. Jobs were scarce 44/45/357 500/460/454 then, and the only work he could find was as a clerk in the 1911’s Taurus Judge patent department of Bell Labs in New York. The job – handGreat for Horseback Riding, Bowcoping patent applications, along with their included sketches hunting, Backpacking, ATV riders and charts – exacerbated the arthritis in his hands, so Carlson Carry your gun with comfort • Fully lined set out to create an automatic document-copying technique.

• Premium American tanned leather He set up shop on his kitchen table in Queens and started Norm Schertenleib experimenting with photoconductivity, charging metal plates 406-965-2253 • Great Falls, MT www.montanaholster.com with static electricity to make chemical powders cling to the plate and then applying heat (from his stove) to transfer an image to paper.

In 1938, Carlson made a glass slide with the date on it, rubbed cotton against FROM OLD, PROVEN BLOODLINES! a sulfur-coated zinc plate, Bred Cows & Bulls Bred Heifer ET Sisters and then pressed the slide Shoco Blockana x Glacier Chateau 744 • Shoco Firefl y 9505 x MLK CRK Cub 722 VDAR Lakota 301 x Shoco Data to the plate. He held the side up to a light, dusted it with chemical powders, then pressed the slide to paper on the heated plate. The image transferred.

In 1945, after GE and IBM turned it down, the SHOCO FIREFLY DATA 224 SHOCO LAKOTA KNIGHT F 229 Shoco Lakota Data 301 Shoco Lakota Data 03 Haloid Company bought & SHOCO SIR KNIGHT #4577383 #4916734 #4916732 Carlson’s technology. They #4577379 Plus, Bred Heifers called the process xerograFor Sale phy, Greek for “dry writing,” and named the machine that performed it a Xerox. Xerox machines sold moderately in the 1950s, but sales soared when the first fully automated push-button Home of ...

SALLY SHORTRIDGE • (406) 235-0176 model was introduced in Shoco Data • Shoco Sir Robin 3506 Hwy 435 • Augusta, MT 59410 1960. By 1968, the Xerox VDAR 301 • VDAR 303 • BJR Rambler 5162 shocoranch@3rivers.net • www.shocoranch.us Corporation was selling $1 billion worth of copiers a year.

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A42

Planting cover crops still beneficial in fall, even under dry conditions

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gence in the spring. Appropriate cover crops Many farmers in western North Dakota like cereal rye, winter camelina, hairy vetch, have planted cover crops like cereal rye or triticale and winter wheat are winter hardy triticale this fall, but as dry as this season and have better chances of surviving the has been, many of the plants have yet to winter dormant in the soil and then emergemerge, say North Dakota State University ing to protect the soil in the spring. Farmers Extension specialists. should determine what to use as their cash According to the North Dakota Agriculcrop. The recommendation is to never use tural Weather Network, much of western cereal rye before a wheat or barley crop.

North Dakota has seen more than 30 days It is important to incorporate seeds into with less than one-half inch of rain, and the ground, not broadcast them. If the goal some areas in the northwestern region of the is improving soil health, then simply getting state have had no significant rain in about the seed in the ground is the most important four months. Under the current drought factor to consider. Make sure seeds have conditions, cover crops and winter cereals good soil contact by drilling, not broadcasthave been struggling to take in moisture ing, to avoid losing them to snow runoff. and germinate.

Termination timing is important. Because “Even cover crops that were drilled or dormant seeded cover crops will have no disked in, and benefited from the seed-togrowth in the fall, letting them grow as long soil contact, will have poor emergence if Grain, Liquid, Hay & Livestock Hauling as possible in the spring will ensure farmers soil moisture is not adequate,” says Victor • In business since 1960 • get the benefits they are seeking. If planting Gomes, NDSU Extension cropping sysVisit us at www.glasstrucking.com a summer crop like corn or soybeans, the tems specialist at the Dickinson Research cover crops will likely benefit from a longer Extension Center. “However, most cover Denton, MT growth period. If planting a spring crop, crops have the ability to sit dormant in the 406-567-2232 800-325-8859 soil over winter and germinate early in the CONTINUED ON PAGE A43 spring, once they get enough warmth and moisture.”

This process is called dormant seeding and is different from frost seeding, which happens late in the winter after the soil freezes.

“One of the concerns that often comes up when (five) cover crop seedlings do not $3.75/lb emerge in the fall is that Buy Dir .

360-V If you knew the breeding of this d n Elimina ect! the “dormancy” won’t be Will Staic te Middlem the Traff alfalfa you would buy it immediately! en! broken in due time with moisture imbibition by the seed, and therefore the seed MO We g a non-G will die in the ground over We are house! an are row seed in ed e r s e e F t iv a winter,” says Chandler GruGMO Aa that forb posit Wininess Dorm ll id lfalfa Never a r GMO a d n r c y a

by Laws H ener, NDSU Extension soil “ ” hit fo ! “ 1” 5 health specialist at the North Central Research Extension Center near Minot, North Dakota. “In this case, no It is common knowledge that you can cut heavier 1st and heavier 3rd or 4th cuts with a germination is better than class 5 alfalfa, but they usually die out in colder areas. Not so with 360-V!! some germination.

This unique variety has an unbelievable winter hardiness rating of 1!!

If there is enough soil (The highest W.H. rating available!) moisture (light rain) to proA bigger haystack of 3rd or 4th cutting will make you more money. mote seed sprouting but not enough moisture for further seedling growth, the crop will not survive the winter. For successful dormant seeding, farmers should Stem plant seeds after the ground Nemato de has cooled (35 degrees FahrHR enheit) but before it freezes HERE”S WHAT GROWERS ARE SAYING: (More testimonials available on our website) solid or is covered in snow “360-V is out producing all the rest of our alfalfa.”

Scott Shear - Triple Creek Ranch, Joesph, OR for the winter, recommend the specialists.

“360-V has leaves at every inch of the stem, and the stem is very fine. Best alfalfa we have ever planted!”

If soil temperatures stay John Fiereira - Cotta & Fiereira Custom Farming, Stockton, CA below 35 degrees Fahrenheit or the moisture levels are “360-V always test premium. It is out best variety on the farm.”

Nickerson Farms - Howe, ID insufficient to start germination, the seed’s activity will Organic l a stay low, preventing it from Approv able This alfalfa has a disease package worthy of the worst Wisconsin diseases!! ail v A d e e S germinating. Germination kicks in when the soil temShort Crop This Year - Order Early perature rises to around 38 to 40 degrees Fahrenheit and enough moisture is present.

(No Dealer Markup) - We Sell DIRECT FREE SWEET CORN SEED WITH ORDERS! Farmers will still be able to reap the benefits of having “Modern Forages Sold Alan Greenway a cover crop emerge early Nationwide And Canada” Seedsman in the spring even if they do Over 50 Years Experience not see any visible growth Greenway Seeds G R E E N WAY S E E D S in the fall. Nevertheless, a Caldwell, ID w w w. g r e e n w a y s e e d . c o m few management practices Alan Greenway 208-250-0159 (cell) should be considered: Warehouses in Caldwell, ID and Deerfield, WI 208-454-8342 (message) Cover crop choice is crucial for successful emer-

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A43

Grants to support private forestland management and conservation

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The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service announced awards totaling $7.4 million in Forest Landowner Support Grants in the Northern Region. This grant funding supports the Forest Service’s efforts to implement its Wildfire Crisis Strategy by increasing hazardous fuels treatments to reduce wildfire risks on private and tribal lands.

“We are thrilled to announce these grant awards to existing and new partners. The Inflation Reduction Act has given us the opportunity of a generation to support stateendorsed cost share payment programs for forest management on private land and increase carbon sequestration and storage practices,” said Jennifer Hensiek, Deputy Director for State, Private, & Tribal Forestry.

Northern Region Forest Landowner Support projects receiving funding are: The Climate Trust (Oregon Climate Trust) – The Tribal Reservation and Allotment Carbon Enrollment project will work with the Northern Cheyenne Tribe in eastern Montana. The project will reach out to landowners to develop a strategy to overcome barriers to

fuels treatments. Key lessons will be shared to demonstrate a model pathway for others.

The Blackfoot Challenge – This project aims to improve forest resilience within the Blackfoot Valley in Western Montana.

Reducing fuel loads will work to increase resilience to uncontrollable wildfire, insect and disease outbreaks, and anticipated climatological conditions in the future.

Idaho Department of Lands – Through the Idaho Landowner Assistance Program, the Idaho Department of Lands aims to enhance landscape resilience, reduce carbon emissions from disturbances, and promote collaborative restoration efforts. Proposed practices such as planting, thinning, and establishing fuel breaks will support these objectives, ultimately improving ecosystem health, water quality, and wildlife habitat.

The funded projects work across land management boundaries and property lines to bring together forest management activities that increase forest resiliency to safeguard communities and the resources they depend on.

GRASS UP TO YOUR SHOULDERS 5 1/2Ton/ 1st Cutting

(AND WE’RE SHORT ON WATER!) *Jerry Hoagland, Seven High Ranch, Reynolds Creek, Owyhee Co, Idaho

MACBETH MEADOW BROME We run out of creek water about June 1, and Macbeth still kicked out the tons. We had to raise the swather to get through it!

Of the five meadow bromes on the market, Macbeth is the only one that excels on dryland or low water. A meadow brome will always be your highest yielding grass!

Macbeth will have leaves about as wide as barley.

NIAL TESTIMO ely well! We take , but it did extrem

rest eth The Macb tting and graze the cellent for x cu e e is n o h ic ly h n o 31/2 ton w windrows always cuts We normally put 2 only bale v. ld le 6200 ft-e r bailing, but cou eth. together fo indrow on the Macb one w Ranch lis: Willis James Wil eville, WY Cok

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Planting cover crops CONTINUED FROM PAGE A42

like a small grain cereal, it is likely that the cover crops will not have much time to produce biomass. Still, some ground cover early in the spring is better than no ground cover. Overall, the recommendation is to terminate the cover crop 10 to 14 days before planting the cash crop.

Planting green is another choice for termination timing that is adequate when lower biomass is present.

This practice consists of planting the cash crop into a living cover crop. If this is done, it is best to terminate within a few weeks after planting to help prevent soil moisture from tying up.

When terminating, the selection of the right chemical product is key to make sure the cover crop is effectively killed. It is recommended to follow the product and adjuvant guidelines required to ensure the cover crop is fully terminated.

“All things considered, dormant seeding still represents a risky choice and like any other planting event it takes careful planning and attention to weather patterns,” says Gomes. “While good cover crop emergence and establishment in the fall is preferred, when not enough moisture is available, having some ground cover available early in the spring is still better than no ground cover, and could help with soil dry-down, allowing for an earlier planting of the cash crop in floodprone areas in the spring.”

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A44

Used Pipe

2 7/8”...............$51/joint 3 1/2”..................$65/joint 4 1/2”..................$105/joint

Used Sucker Rods

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Phone - 406-480-2979

North Dakota’s top gardening search term

By Emily How, Horticulture agent NDSU Extension – Ward County Did you know you can explore Google’s top searches of the year? Everything from the most trending search (the election), the top trending recipe (Olympic Chocolate Muffins), and the most searched pickle recipe (dill pickle bread) is available on Google. You can even look at specific state data.

According to Google Trends, the most asked gardening question for North Dakota was, “What is my hardiness zone?”

Hardiness zones are a system that categorizes regions. The maps are based on the average high and the average low of an area and then grouped into zones. Gardeners and growers use hardiness zones to determine which plants will thrive in a specific location. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) creates and maintains the hardiness zone map.

These maps can be incredibly helpful when planning a perennial garden, especially if you are new to an area or new to gardening. For example, my family in Texas grows lantana as a perennial. In North Dakota, lantana is grown as an annual because it is not hardy enough to withstand the winter. The opposite is also true, delphiniums are grown as a perennial in North Dakota, but in Texas they get too hot and do not grow as well.

Hardiness zones are a good starting point to determine a plant’s growing suitability in a region, but other considerations should also be taken. For example, are you planting in a raised bed or in a container? Does the area you are planting get a lot of snow cover? Are you planting in an area surrounded by concrete?

These things can impact how well the plant performs in that area. If you are planting in a container, it will not receive the same insulation from the soil as plants grown in the ground. Snow also provides insulation and can keep a plant warmer through the winter. Concrete also warms an area and can cause the plants to receive more heat during the summer.

You could also be in something called a climate microzone or a microclimate. These can be caused due to elevation, nearby water sources, or man-made features. Urban areas tend to be warmer than rural areas, lower elevations tend to be colder and geographical features like water can impact the temperature in a region.

If you are a cautious gardener, selecting plants with a lower zone than your area can be a safe way to make sure the plant survives through a North Dakota winter. I live in zone 4, so with high-value plants I always like to get plant varieties that are hardy to zone 2 or 3.

Sometimes I take a bit of a gamble, like purchasing a weigela that is hardy to zone 5 for the color. It is currently placed in a sheltered corner of my house that gets a significant amount of snow. I just need to wait and see if it survived the winter or if my gamble paid off.

Risk Management Training to farmers, ranchers

The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Risk Management Agency (RMA) announced up to $2 million is available for cooperative agreements for risk management training programs that support American farmers and ranchers.

This funding provides the needed resources for organizations such as universities, county cooperative extension offices, and nonprofit organizations, to develop education tools to help producers learn how to effectively manage long-term risks and challenges.

Since 2021, RMA has funded more than $17.1 million in risk management education, providing information and training to more than 1.25 million producers at more than 2,200 workshops and presentations across the United States. These investments and efforts informed new initiatives, providing better hurricane insurance products and expanding coverage of more commodities, including specialty crops, aquaculture, and controlled environments.

Interested organizations may apply for funding by submitting documentation required as part of the Risk Management Education Partnerships Notice of Funding Opportunity. The applications are reviewed and the organizations that receive funding will enter a partnership with RMA to deliver training.

“Agriculture is an inherently risky line of work, and we want to partner with organizations to provide valuable trainCONTINUED ON PAGE A45

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A45

Risk Management Training to farmers, ranchers

If you have items you want advertised in the March 2025 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is February 26th.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE A44

ing, particularly in communities that have historically lacked access to resources, so that they learn how to best manage risks with their businesses,” said RMA Administrator Marcia Bunger.

RMA oversees the Federal crop insurance program and promotes a strong farm safety net to sustain and ensure the success of American agriculture. Federal crop insurance helps farmers and ranchers manage risks, such as catastrophic weather conditions and market fluctuations.

In 2023 alone, RMA provided the largest farm safety net in history, a record $207 billion in protection for American agriculture. The Biden-Harris Administration introduced new RMA programs to better support a broader range of producers, including specialty crop, livestock, controlled environment and shellfish producers. Risk Management Education partnerships are critical to making sure the farm safety net and new programs are effectively delivered to agricultural producers who need them.

A broad range of risk management training activities are eligible for funding consideration, including training on crop insurance options, record keeping, financial management, non-insurance-based risk management tools, and natural disaster preparedness among others. Partners can also train farmers at all levels on risk management options that help secure local food systems.

The request for applications is available through Grants. gov and will be open through March 11, 2025. ##### Champagne can be made from red or white grapes.

•

Long Term Real Estate Mortgage Loans

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Restructure of Existing Loans

• Ag Equity Line of Credit Loans •

Equipment Leases for new and used equipment

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Cash out your existing machin­ ery and lease back with buy back option

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New Building Leases

All at The Best Available Rates!

Call for Current Rates Bozeman (406) 587-1201

www.doanewestern.com Office: 170 Dana Lane, Belgrade, MT 59714

NEW FARMALL TRACTORS

Farmall 25SC with L320 Loader and Backhoe 3 Cylinder Diesel Engine, MFWD, 2 Speed Hydro, Block Heater, 3 Point Hitch, and 540 PTO MSRP $29,413 MVE Price $25,982 Finance with CNH Capital at 0% for 5 Years, OAC

Farmall 25A with Case IH L330 Loader with Joystick MFWD with 3 Cyl. Diesel, 2 Speed Hydro, 3 Point Hitch, 540 PTO, Block Heater, 1 Remote, Mid PTO & Rimguard in Rear Tires MSRP $31,338 MVE Price $26,598 Finance with CNH Capitol at 0% for 5 Years, OAC

Case IH Farmall 75A MFWD Tractor, Cab, Air Seat, Instructor Seat, Clutchless Power Shuttle, 2 Remotes, PTO, 3 Point, 2 Mid-mount Valve for Loader, Rear Weights, Block Heater, & Rimguard.

MSRP $74,717 MVE Price $64,569 Finance with CNH Capital for 5 Years at 0% OAC and get Premiere PPP for 60 Months

Farmall 50A with L545 Loader MFWD, 50 HP Diesel, 3 Point Hitch, PTO, Rimguard, and Block Heater.

MSRP $47,869 MVE Price $38,598

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A46

Recipe Patch by Geri

Slow-Cooked Swiss Steak www.snowymountainmotors.com

You Make the Drive ~ We’ll Make the Deal!

406.538.4014 Highway 87 West • Lewistown, MT 59457

1-1/2 pounds beef top round steak 1-1/2 cups sliced carrots 1/2 tsp seasoned salt 1 medium onion, sliced 1/4 tsp ground pepper 1 can (14-1/2 ounces) Italian diced tomatoes 1 Tbls canola oil 1 jar (12 ounces) beef gravy 3 medium potatoes 1 Tbls minced fresh parsley Cut steak into 6 serving-size pieces; flatten to 1/4-in. thickness. Rub with seasoned salt and pepper. In a large skillet, brown beef in oil on both sides; drain.

Cut potatos into 8 wedges and slice carrots. In a 5-qt. slow cooker, layer the potatoes, carrots, beef and onion. Combine tomatoes and gravy; pour over the top.

Cook, covered, on low 5-6 hours or until meat and vegetables are tender. Sprinkle with parsley.

Apple-Dijon Pork Roast

actionfarmtoys.com 406-651-8199 2274 SE Shiloh Rd. Billings MT 59106 9am-5pm Mon.-Sat.

1/16 International 1066 Turbo Tractor

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1 boneless pork loin roast (2 to 3 pounds) 6 Tbls cornstarch 1 can (14-1/2 ounces) chicken broth 6 Tbls cold water 1 cup unsweetened apple juice Ground pepper, optional 1/2 cup Dijon mustard Place roast in a 5-qt. slow cooker. In a small bowl, combine the broth, apple juice and mustard; pour over roast. Cover and cook on low for 4-5 hours or until tender. Remove roast and keep warm.

For gravy, strain cooking juices and skim fat. Pour juices into a small saucepan. Combine cornstarch and water until smooth; gradually stir into juices. Bring to a boil; cook and stir until thickened, 2 minutes. Serve with pork. If desired, top with coarsely ground pepper.

Cranberry BBQ Pulled Pork 1 boneless pork shoulder roast (4 to 6 pounds) 4-1/2 tsp chili powder 1/3 cup cranberry juice 2 tsp garlic powder 1 Tsp salt 1 tsp onion powder Sauce:1 can (14 ounces) whole-berry cranberry sauce 1/2 tsp salt 1 cup ketchup 1/4 tsp ground chipotle pepper 1/3 cup cranberry juice 1/2 tsp liquid smoke, optional 3 Tbls brown sugar 14 hamburger buns, split Cut roast in half. Place in a 4-qt. slow cooker. Add cranberry juice and salt. Cover and cook on low 8-10 hours or until meat is tender.

Remove roast and set aside. In a small saucepan, combine the cranberry sauce, ketchup, cranberry juice, brown sugar, seasonings and liquid smoke if desired. Cook and stir over medium heat until slightly thickened, about 5 minutes.

Skim fat from cooking juices; set aside 1/2 cup juices. Discard remaining juices. When cool enough to handle, shred pork with 2 forks and return to slow cooker.

Stir in sauce mixture and reserved cooking juices. Cover and cook on low about 1 hour or until heated through. Serve on buns.

PICKUP FOR SALE

SlowCooked Stuffed Peppers

Two Furrow Ranch | Cohagen, Montana Quality eastern Garfield County grass ranch available for the first time in fifty years. This 8,800± acre (5,700± deeded) ranch represents an excellent mix of native and improved pasture, pipelines, stock water, and improvements.

OFFERED AT $4,625,000 CONTACT: WES OJA | WES@HALLANDHALL.COM | 406.656.7500 SA L ES | AU CT I O N S | F I N A N C E | M A N AG E M E N T | A P P R A I SA LS W W W.H A L L A N D H A L L .C O M | I N FO@H A L L A N D H A L L .C O M

4 medium sweet red peppers 1 can (15 ounces) black beans, rinsed and drained 1 cup shredded pepper jack cheese 3/4 cup salsa 1 small onion, chopped 1/2 cup frozen corn 1/3 cup uncooked rice 1-1/4 teaspoons chili powder 1/2 teaspoon ground cumin Reduced-fat sour cream, optional Cut and discard tops from peppers; remove seeds. In a large bowl, mix beans, cheese, salsa, onion, corn, rice, chili powder and cumin, spoon into peppers. Place in a 5-qt. slow cooker coated with cooking spray.

Cook, covered, on low until peppers are tender and filling is heated through, 3-4 hours .

1997 Dodge 1500 Sport 5,9L, automatic, air, cruise, power seat, new tires, recent transmission service, new battery, 88,000 miles. Very good condition.

Phone 406-450-3647, leave message

Rockwell Scales Home of the Strongest Scale in America

• Steel and cement truck, livestock, pallet and mining scales • Up to 135 ton truck scales with 3/8” decking standard • Custom sizes and special projects welcome • Scoreboards, printers, automated, wireless, and many other options to choose from

100% made in USA

406-799-3945

rockwellscales.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 – Page A47

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1-406-683-4281 • 1-800-683-4281 1025 Selway Drive, Dillon, MT 59725 After hours - Sales -

Big or Small, We have it all!

Contact Us for ALL your John Deere Equipment Needs!

Great Selection of new & used windrowers

WINDROWERS & HEADER

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TRACTORS

STINGERS

NEW 2024 Stinger 6500, poly rails.. $395,000 plus freight & options USED 2022 Stinger 6500, poly rails, 880 hours.................$350,000

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Great Selection of NEW & USED

Haybuster bale processors IN STOCK JOHN DEERE

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NEW John Deere Skidsteers Great Selection IN STOCK

2023 John Deere Gator 835R cab with heat and air conditioning, Warne winch, 2900 miles. Stock #92102.........................$28,000 New Holland LM 9.35 telehandler, cab with heat & AC, powershift transmission, lift height 28 feet. Stock #88727................$76,000 2014 Bobcat F450 skidsteer, open station, 2 speed, 245 hours. Stock #91901.............................................................................$33,500 2022 John Deere 344L loader, cab with heat/AC, creep control package, ride control quick coupler, high lift 2-yard bucket, 131 hours.

Stock #89594.................................................................$172,000 John Deere 595 backhoe, 5M Series mounting brackets, 14” bucket, like new. Stock #89958....................................................$13,000 2019 John Deere 260B backhoe 12” bucket, fits 1025R tractor. Stock #90942................................................................................$7500 2023 John Deere R500 16-ft. header, steel conditioner. Stock #91200.............................................................................$52,500 2016 John Deere 994 header, steel conditioner, 14.5-ft. Stock #91242.............................................................................$19,500 (2) 2018 New Holland 216 hydraulic rake. Stock #88660 & Stock #91171. Each...................................................................$19,500 2013 TwinStar 24-ft rake......................................................$13,000 2014 Morris 900 Hay Hiker, 8 bale retriever. Stock #91605..$25,000 2021 Newhouse C-5000 large square bale processor. Stock #89011.............................................................................$52,000 2015 Haybuster 2660 round bale processor, hydraulic deflector chute.

Stock #87924...................................................................$20,000 2014 Haybuster 2650 round bale processor, hydraulic deflector chute.

Stock #82464...................................................................$12,500 Woods RT60 rototiller. Stock #85226......................................$3600 AgriEase TS120 rototiller. Stock #85227.................................$2450 Woods SB74C snowblower with manual discharge................$4949 Woods DHS 80C 80” disc. Stock #84418................................$3520 Woods BO72RC 72” rotary cutter............................................$4290 2019 Frontier RC 2048 rotary cutter, 48” cut, 540 PTO driveline with slip clutch, front & rear chain enclosures. Stock #92369.....$1600 Woods TK72 72” finish mower. Stock #84419.........................$4600 2020 Frontier WC1205 wood chipper, 540 PTO, 5” capacity, 35-95 hp, like new. Stock #92065..................................................$6400 Frontier AF11E 72” front blade with John Deere 300/400/500 mounts, never used...........................................................................$2800 Frontier AP12F 42” pallet forks with John Deere 300/400/500 mounts, never used...........................................................................$1000

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SQUARE BALERS

2018 Massey-Ferguson 2290 4x4 square baler, 31,024 bales. Stock #88736...........................................................................$129,900 2017 John Deere L340 3x4 baler, tandem axle, large 1000 PTO, LED lights, auto grease bank. 23,800 bales. Stock #90176......... .........................................................................................$65,000 2019 New Holland L330 3x3 baler, single axle, hydraulic pickup, auto grease bank, bale chute, 11,270 bales. Stock #91260....$80,000 2017 New Holland L340 3x4 baler, tandem axle, moisture sensor, Maxi sweep pickup with gauge wheels, 1000 PTO, bale chute, 25,185 bales. Stock #91262............................................$59,000

Good till 3-31-2025

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ROUND BALERS

2023 John Deere 560M round baler, 1000 PTO, net wrap, MegaWide pickup, hydraulic pickup, flotation tires, grease bank, 5866 bales.

Stock #91146...................................................................$59,500 2022 John Deere 560M round baler, 1000 PTO, net wrap, MegaWide pickup, hydraulic pickup, flotation tires, 8322 bales. Stock #88053.............................................................................$52,000 2018 John Deere 560M round baler with pre cutter, 1000 PTO, 17,063 bales. Stock #81836........................................................$40,000 2016 John Deere 569 round baler, 1000 PTO, net wrap & twine, Mega Wide pickup, hydraulic pickup, flotation tires, approximately 38,000 bales. Stock #91914............................................$20,000

3 IN STOCK at this Price!

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TILLAGE

2018 Lemken Karat 9/500 16.5-ft. chisel plow. Stock #85269.$80,000 2022 John Deere 2720 disc ripper, 5-shank.........................$80,593 2015 Parma 25-ft. single roller packer..................................$33,000

Full cab with heat/air, power windows, Warn winch, 8” Garmin Navigation System, Inline 4 cylinder 999 CC, 92 hp, 36 month warranty

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“NEW” JOHN DEERE SKIDSTEERS

2019 John Deere 8345R 2000 hours, IVT transmission, ILS, full GPS, 6 SCVs, front duals 480/70R34, rear duals 480/80R50. Stock #88843...........................................................................$315,000 2018 New Holland T6.170 cab, MFD, 16 speed, Dual Command transmission, 845TL loader & grapple, 888 hours. Stock #86681...........................................................................$126,000 New Holland T6.165 cab tractor, MFD, 16 speed Powershift transmission, 3 selective control valves, 855LA 2 function loader 1220 hours. Stock #92103........................................................$99,000 2015 New Holland T7.210 T4A MFD, 165 hp, Powershift, 3 SCVs, 2380 hours. Stock #91852.............................................$120,000 2009 John Deere 8330 cab tractor, MFWD, IVT with right hand reverser, 3 SCVs, deluxe cab with Instructional seat, 480/80/46 rear duals, front & rear weights, 7384 hours. Stock #90320..........................$112,500 2005 John Deere 6715 cab, MFWD, 16 speed PowrQuad, left hand reverser, 3 SCVs, front tires 320/90/42, rear tires 320/90/54, 3789 hours. Stock #87936........................................................$65,000 2022 John Deere 4066R cab tractor with 440 R loader, air seat, 2 rear selective control valves, Beacon light and rear work lights. 8 hours................................................................................$65,000 2019 John Deere 4066R tractor, open station, John Deere 485A backhoe with mechanical thumb, pallet forks and 89” Frontier rear blade. Stock #91127.................................................$69,000 2018 John Deere 2025R tractor with 120R loader, hydrostratic transmission, mechanical front wheel drive, 3 point, 540 PTO, 110 hours. Stock #92368.................................................$20,000 2023 John Deere 333G skidsteer, cab, heat & A/C, 2 speed with high flow, air ride seat, rear view camera, 3 sets of counter weights, Anti Vibration under carriage, 84” construction bucket, 260 hours.

Stock #90879.................................................................$102,000

$25,900

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2023 John Deere 8R 340 Signature Edition, IVT with RHR, ILS, full GPS, 6 SCVs, 480/80R50 rear tires with duals, 420/85R34 front tires with duals, 675 hours. 6 year/4000 hour extended PowrGard Warranty. Stock #90253.............................$422,500 2023 John Deere 8R 340 Signature Edition, IVT with RHR, ILS, full GPS, 6 SCVs, 380/90R54 rear tires with duals, 380/80R38 front tires with duals, 270 hours. 6 year/4000 hour extended PowrGard Warranty. Stock #90254.............................$442,500 2022 John Deere 8R 340 IVT with RHR, ILS, 6 SCVs, 480/80R50 dual rears, 480/70R34 front duals, full GPS, 439 hours. Extended warranty til 8-2028 Stock #90437................................$402,500 2023 John Deere 8R 310 MFWD, IVT, air seat, cab suspension, right hand reverser, 60 gallon per minute hydraulic pump, 6 SCVs, 480/80R 50 rear duals, 420/85R 34 front duals, 22 front weights, 1500 lb. rear weights, 590 hours. PowrQuad Warranty till 3-2029 or 4000 hours. Stock #89857.......................................$417,500 2022 John Deere 8R 310 IVT with RHR, ILS, full GPS, 6 SCVs, 480/80R50 rear tires with duals, 420/85R34 front tire with duals, 897 hours. 6 year/4000 hour extended PowrGard Warranty.

Stock #90255.................................................................$377,500 2021 John Deere 8R 230 Signature Edition, IVT with RHR, ILS, 6 SCVs, 380/90R54 duals, 320/80R42 front singles, full GPS, 1023 hours. Extended warranty till 7-2027. Stock #90440....$290,000 2022 John Deere 7R 290 cab tractor, MFWD, IVT transmission, Command Pro, air seat & cab suspension, triple link suspension, front & rear fenders, Ultimate Visibility package. PowrGard Warranty good till 10-23-2029 or 5000 hours. Which ever comes first.

Stock #91693, 353 hours...............................................$345,000 2017 John Deere 8245R IVT with RHR, ILS, 6 SCVs, 480/80R50 dual rears, 420/85R34 front dual, full GPS, 3200 hours. Stock #90799...........................................................................$210,000 2012 John Deere 8235R IVT with RHR, ILS, 6 SCVs, 480/80R50 dual rears, 420/85R34 front singles, full GPS, 4500 hours. Stock #90801...........................................................................$172,500 2023 John Deere 6155M cab tractor with 640R loader/grapple, 20 PowrQuad with left hand reverser, AutoTrac ready, less receiver, 3 SCVs, MFWD, beacon and work lights, triple link suspension.

Factory Warranty good till August 2025 or 2000 hours. PowrGard Warranty good till August 2029 or 4000 hours. 2- 450# weights each side & ballast, 535 hours. Stock #91151..$187,500 2022 John Deere 5090E cab, MFWD, 24/12 transmission with left hand reverser, loader ready, air seat, 3 rear SCVs, approximately 700 hours. Stock #88003. PowerGard Warranty till 10-2028 or 3500 hours......................................................................$68,500

2024 Kawasaki Ridge Limited Side x Side

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With 13-ft. & 16-ft. headers available

2024 John Deere W235M windrower with R500 16-ft. header, steel conditioner, 3 hours. Stock #91838...............................$207,500 2024 John Deere W200M windrower with R400 13-ft. header, steel conditioner, 4 hours. Stock #91836...............................$186,000 2024 John Deere W200M windrower with R400 13-ft. header, steel conditioner, 547 hours. Stock #91837...........................$182,500 2023 John Deere W235M windrower, R500 16-ft. header, steel conditioner, 635 hours. Stock #91192............................$205,000 2021 John Deere W235 windrower with R500 16-ft. header, steel conditioner, premium cab, 4640 with activation, no globe. Stock #92099...........................................................................$145,000 2021 Massey Ferguson 1393 mower conditioner, center pull with steel conditioner. Stock #91872.......................................$37,000 2015 Vermeer MC3700 mower conditioner, 1000 PTO, center pull 12-ft. cutting width, flail conditioner. Stock #87010..........$20,000

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Craig Johnson 406-660-1158 Alden Cashmore 406-925-0319 Josh Taylor 406-925-9449

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A48

EQUIPMENT AND IRRIGATION FOR SALE Goodyear Ultratorque 520/85 R38 rear and 420/85 R28 front tractor tires, shedded.

21.5Lx16.1 flotation tires 8-hole implement rims.

Willmar fertilizer tender, late 70s.

1979 GMC hood and radiator support.

Wade Rain 5” 5-ft. wheel line.

Travis 5” 5-ft. wheel line.

Nelson P200 Big Guns on carts.

A&M 55 Series ringlock 6” 30-ft. pipe.

Wade Rain 4” 30-ft. hand line.

Phone (406) 600-4146

Case 450 dozer, 8-ft. angle blade, 4 cylinder diesel, rebuilt injection pump and new injectors with new starter, Power Shift transmission, good tracks and undercarriage. Runs good, easy to haul great ranch machine..$11,500

Champ 400 rough terrain 8000# forklift, factory 40-ft. lift, 318 Dodge V-8, 4 speed auto trans. with shuttle.

Clean, runs good.................... $8000

1994 Volvo service truck, L10 315 hp mechanical Cummins, Jake, A/C, 9 sp, air suspension, air locker rear end, hydraulic driven, 25 CFM air compressor with hose reel, 15 ton hyd. winch, Hiab 7000# knuckle boom, 25-ft. reach, pintle hitch, no rust......$15,900

2001 Ford F350 2WD, V10 gas, auto trans., new torque converter and fuel pump, nice steel, 8x10 dump flatbed.

Great ranch truck, etc............. $7500 Hyster 9000# hard rubber tired foklift, Chev 250 straight 6 engine, auto trans needs work, side shift.... $1500

Phone 406-777-1435 leave message

Balewagons & Retrievers New Holland 1052 retriever bed 3 wide.......................... $10,000 New Holland 1079................................................Call for details 2006 New Holland BW28 balewagon............................. $95,000 New Holland 1069 As Is needs brakes........................... $18,500 New Holland S1049 balewagon...................................... $18,500 2006 New Holland 1037 balewagon, sharp.................... $35,000 6-New Holland 1037 balewagons, rebuilt......$26,500 to $42,000 New Holland 1036 LATE MODEL, seen very little use.... $42,500 New Holland 1033 REBUILT, like new............................ $17,500 New Holland 1032 pull type, REBUILT............................ $17,500 New Holland 1051 three wide retriever mounted on 1978 Chevrolet C65 truck..................................................................... $15,000 New Holland 1002 balewagon........................................... $5500

Miscellaneous Equipment

New Holland 1037 rebuilt late model slatted deck bale wagon...................... $43,500

2000 Wilmar Eagle 8500 sprayer, 90-ft. boom, 1000 gallon stainless steel tank, new tires, new hydraulic pump..$25,000

New Holland 1033 bale wagon with full cab controls.

REBUILT.................. $17,500

1980 Ford 9000 20-ft. box with tarp........................... $17,500

ers for Headquart olland H ALL New parts n o g a balew

Sod Buster Sales Inc.

Farm Equipment Finding Service

33505 Gingras Springs Rd, Polson, MT 59860

406-249-8565 or 1-877-735-2108

NDSU offers recommendations on postwildfire grazing, rangeland management North Dakota experienced a higher number of wildfires in 2024, with more than 110,000 acres being impacted. The Ray/ Tioga wildfires burned almost 89,000 acres impacting rangeland, cropland and hay land.

The state has not experienced wildfires of this magnitude since 1999. The 1999 fire occurred on Halloween Day and started in Sidney, Montana, impacting more than 70,000 acres of western North Dakota, primarily range and grazing lands.

“Confounding the impacts of this year’s wildfires on range and grazing lands is the current extreme (D3) drought that western North Dakota and eastern Montana are experiencing,” says Kevin Sedivec, North Dakota State University Extension rangeland management specialist and Central Grasslands Research Extension Center director. “Drought and fire, in combination this fall, will have a negative impact on forage production the next year.”

Forage production impacts in 2025 Fire impacts different types of plants differently. Warm-season grasses usually respond by producing greater biomass after a fire. Cool-season grasses lose vigor after a burn, creating less biomass after a fire. Flowering plants are tricky, with some increasing biomass and some reducing biomass, says Sedivec.

Woody species are even more variable with suckering types, such as buckbrush, willows, sumac, and Siberian elm, having this year’s growth removed but more suckers (basal shoots and creeping roots) next year. Trees or shrubs that die from fire include most conifers (including cedars and pines), lilac, big sage and Chinese elm.

“Because North Dakota is a cool-season, grass-dominated state, ranchers should expect about a 30% to 40% decline in forage production in 2025 due to the fire if normal spring precipitation occurs,” says Miranda Meehan, NDSU Extension livestock environmental stewardship specialist.

In a study conducted by North Dakota State University following the 1999 Halloween fire, forage production was reduced 39% the following year, which had slightly below average precipitation.

“Because these areas are also in a severe drought, cool-season grasses did not develop tillers this fall,” says Meehan.

“The fall drought could create another loss of 10% to 20%, even with average spring precipitation. Given these confounding impacts, ranchers should plan for 40% to 60% less forage in 2025 on areas impacted by the fire. If dry conditions persist in 2025, forage production could be further reduced.”

Wildfire impacts on the plant community “Although wildfires can be very destructive, the impacts of fire to the plant community will be mostly positive in the long-term,” says Sedivec. “Based on research from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s agricultural research stations in Miles City, Montana, and Mandan, North Dakota, and research conducted by NDSU, native grasses and forbs do not experience long-term negative impacts due to fire.

However, introduced invasive grasses such as Kentucky bluegrass and smooth brome can be severely injured and reduced within the population. Many woody species also do not tolerate fire, with most coniferous trees, such as cedar and Rocky Mountain juniper, killed by fire.”

One negative within the grass community is the removal of all above ground plant material, leaving soils exposed to erosion until new plant growth occurs. Based on the research from North and South Dakota,

litter will be significantly reduced for the first year after fire, but back to normal by year two or three.

“Honestly, there is nothing we can do to minimize this impact, especially this coming winter,” shares Sedivec. “We can hope for winter snow to blanket our rangelands to reduce erosion and provide early moisture next spring for rapid grass growth.”

Fire will impact the green ash draws differently than grasslands. Most green ash draws in western North Dakota contain green ash, box elder and American elm.

All three of these trees are classified as sprouting types, meaning even when the full canopy is burned sprouts will occur from the base of the tree or from underground rhizomes. If mature trees die, new saplings will fill the draw, but it can take three to five years, or longer, to see 10 foot tall trees.

One negative within the green ash draws will be a new flush of weeds, says Sedivec.

Following the 1999 fire, NDSU found Canada thistle and hounds tongue appear in the burned draws in year two. As trees re-established and grass started filling the woodland floor, both Canada thistle and hounds tongue decline significantly by year five.

Recommendations for 2025 The primary concern for ranchers impacted by the wildfires in western North Dakota and eastern Montana will be a significant decline in forage production, says Meehan. The current extreme drought conditions will exaggerate this loss. Grazing recommendations include: Grazing can occur in 2025, but spring deferment from grazing will be required.

Ranchers should delay turn out until midJune if moisture conditions are above average, end of June if moisture is average, and mid-July to early August if dry.

Expect a loss of forage production by 30% to 50% if moisture conditions are near normal.

Stocking rate could be reduced by 50% to 70% if dry conditions continue into spring.

Fires will not have any long-term negative effects on the grassland community.

If droughty conditions occur next year, expect a flush of annual weeds. However, these annuals will decline in time.

Although litter will be reduced, it will return to normal levels unless overgrazing occurs.

Native grass and wildflower populations will either not change or increase in population.

Invasive cool-season grasses will decline, at least temporarily.

Nutritional value of the grass, flowers and shrubs will be greater, providing a higher quality diet through late summer.

Do not reseed native rangelands or perennial grass pastures.

These fires will alter the woody (trees and shrubs) plant community. Some impacts may include: Conifer trees will die. This is a positive for rangelands as trees should not be found on our upland grasslands. Herbage production will increase with tree mortality.

Deciduous trees in green ash draws may die if fully burned; however, trees should survive fast fires that only burned the bottom trucks (and did not damage the cambium layer – first section of the tree under the bark). However, they may be more susceptible to disease and pests.

Most deciduous trees and many shrubs burned by these fires will re-sprout, creating new saplings even in year one. The fire CONTINUED ON PAGE A49

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A49

Great American Pie Month

The deadline for advertising in the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th.

Phone (406) 271-5533. or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

Celebrated Every February Food days, especially days that spotlight desserts, are a favorite reason that people love to celebrate. And Great American Pie Month is certainly no different – except that it lasts much longer than just a day. Whether a person loves fruity pies or creamy ones, sweet or something a bit more savory, there is room during this month for all of this – and so much more as well!

History of Great American Pie Month Great American Pie Month has been around for a few decades, getting its start in 1990 with the help of the Crisco brand of shortening. For many years, Crisco has advertised itself as the best ingredient to be used for making the flakiest, most delicious pie crust.

While the skill of making homemade pies may have waned over the past few decades, the enjoyment of eating pie certainly has not. So get on board with Great American Pie Month by showing some love and appreciation for the beauty that comes from a deliciously simple pastry when it is filled with delightful things!

How to Celebrate Great American Pie Month • Eat Some Pie Whether it comes from a local bakery or grocery store, or it is a homemade version, eating pie is the most necessary part of this celebration. Perhaps the most dedicated lovers and celebrators of Great American Pie Month would commit to trying a different flavor of pie each and every day. From strawberry rhubarb to pumpkin cream, from cherry to key lime, and so many others – that’s certainly a challenge that would be worth taking!

• Bake a Pie The great thing about Great American Pie Month occurring during this time of year is that for most people, at least in the northern hemisphere, this is a good time to turn the oven on.

Veteran makers of pie might be interested in coming up with some challenging recipes or creative twists on their usual habits. And those who are new to baking pies can use this as a great motivation to get started with learning.

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE A48

may actually promote more deciduous trees and shrubs in the draw.

“Wildfire will negatively impact forage production in 2025,” concludes Sedivec.

“However, with proper grazing management these sites will quickly recover forage production. Additionally, fires will likely have positive benefits to the plant community that will improve diversity and the long-term resilience of rangelands to future droughts and wildfires.” ##### My five year old son: This potato salad makes me sad.

Me: Why? He: All these potatoes could have been fries! ##### At an interview: “So you’d be starting off at $20 000, but later on it can go up to $40 000.”

“Excellent, I’ll start later on.”

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A50

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National Drink Wine Day

This holiday is always celebrated on February 18th Now here’s a day we all can enjoy, assuming you are 21 or older, of course.

Livestock, wildlife, and even honey bees prefer Sainfoin over o montanaseeds.com Go down to the wine cellar, or the nearmontanaseeds@gmail.com Alfalfa dealers are despartely est trying getand theselect condensed tan liquorto store, a very fine Montanaseeds.com Alfalfa and use high pressure wine. sales to convince you to grow A montanaseeds@gmail.com (Webster’s Dictionary) We all know that apples were the first montanaseeds.com fruit, in the garden of Eden. Grapes were Sainfoin leaves naturally contain tannins, allowing the protein montanaseeds@gmail.com most likely there, too. It was probably ed instead of excreted.

• Rocky Mountain Remont soon after, that wine was discovered.

Did You Know? Novinophobia is the • Delaney Sanfoin’s palability and digestibility provides fear of running out ofmore wine. return per • Shoshone Whatability it Takesto to be Make Wine or hayed gives produ to Alfalfa. Sanfoin’s grazed It takes a lot of grapes to make wine…..

• NON BLOAT to best utilize it’s benefits in your operation.

• NATURALLY GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT • 1 wine barrel contains 60 gallons of wine. ons: • APHID & WEEVIL RESISTANT • 60 gallons of wine makes 25 cases.

FOIN ALFALFA • 375practices: cases weigh 5 tons.

Growing best • Growers plant 50 vines per acre. me • Legume • There are almost itself 1 million acres ofagrape vines growing Bloat • Bloat • Sainfoin establishes without cover crop. in the United States.

This includes wine, table grapes and vil & Aphid Resistant • Weevil Problem • Best if not mixed with other plants such as barley or w raisins. wildlife, and even honey bees prefer Sainfoin over other forages. mal LossLivestock, Protein • Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein Alfalfa dealers are despartely trying to get the condensed tannins in their 30 pounds perproduces acre for dryland or 1 cutting, 40 poun • One vine 3 bottles of wine.

Alfalfa and use high pressure sales toFertilizer convince youExpense to grow Alfalfa.

Fertilizer Expense • Hefty • One vine produces 30 clusters of grapes. for irrigated or multi-cuts.

Sainfoin leaves naturally contain tannins, allowing the protein to be digestp Weed Control • Expensive Weed Control • 10 clusters of grapes makes 1 bottle of wine. b ed instead of excreted.

• Seed in fall or spring when moisture will be held to t No Gas • Methane Gas (Bloat) bor Go • 100 grape vines produce 1 barrel of wine.

Green Pink Sanfoin’s And palability and digestibility provides more wildlife, return pereven tonhoney compared Livestock, and bees prefer Sainfoin over2025 other forages. $2.75/lb. if purchased before April 1, t Production to Alfalfa.

Sanfoin’s ability be grazed or Alfalfa hayed givesare producers options dealers despartely trying to get the condensed tannins in their • Seed 3/4 of an Chuckle: inch deep or less. of •toComplicated Production Pollution Less, Save Energy Today’s “I cook with wine. Sometimes I even to best utilize it’s benefits in your operation.

Alfalfa and use high pressure sales to convince you to grow Alfalfa.

Reasons: Livestock, wildlife, and even honey bees add it to the food.”

W.C. Fields “Healthy, Wholesome Fodder ” Seed Cost • High Seed Cost • Hay/graze when near full bloom.

Sainfoin leaves naturally contain tannins, allowing the protein to be digestGrowing best practices: prefer Sainfoin over other forages. HighHistory and Origin of National Drink Wine Day • Enhancement Non-GMO Legume Rocky Mountain Remont• - •$1.50/lb ed instead of excreted.

Stand Expensive Stand Replacement • Sainfoin establishes itself without a cover crop. ly digestible and a higher sugar content - with No record or date has been found. It is very likely that a • Best ifDelaney not other plants such aspalability barleyand or digestibility wheat. provides more return per ton compared • NoShoshone Bloat • mixed Low Seed Cost Sanfoin’s Palatability •$2.00/lb Less Palatability Protein - Price 30 pounds peron acrerequest for dryland or 1 40 pounds per acre Sainfoin the oredge Alfalfa. to cutting, Alfalfa.gives Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed hayed over gives producers options few ladies were relaxing and enjoying some fine wine one • Alfalfa Weevil for irrigated orResistant multi-cuts. best utilize it’s benefits in your operation.

Pollen Production • Less PollentoProduction Reasons: Sainfoin leaves naturally contain conevening and conceived this • Seed in fall or spring when moisture will be held to the seed.

NAholiday. For more informa A T SAINFOIN ALFALFA • Cheap Weed Control N or Produced at 60° F • Nectar Produced at 90° F • Seed 3/4 of an inch deep or less. densed tannins, allowing the protein to Growing best practices: MO • Legume • Legume • Hay/graze when near full bloom.

Rollie Schlep • Non Bloat • Bloat • Sainfoin establishes itself without aof cover crop.

• Highly Digestible be digested instead excreted. oney Producer • Less Honey Production • Weevil & Aphid Resistant • Weevil Problem S • Best if not mixed with other plants such as barley or wheat.

E E DS Growing practices: Minimal Loss Protein • Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein • Highest 406-788-9556 30 pounds per acrebest for call dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds per acre For more information, ble ••Harvest Dates Palatabilty • Short Window A N A Harvest Little Fertilizer Expense • Hefty Fertilizer Expense MONT for irrigated or multi-cuts.

• Seeding rate: 30 pounds per acre for Rollie Schlepp • Cheap Weed Control • Expensive Weed Control evity of Established Stand • Short Term Productivity • Excellent Honey Producer S EEDS • Seed in fall or spring when moisture will be held to the seed. or • Little or No Gas • Methane Gas (Bloat) 406-788-9556 dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds per acre • Ease of Production • Complicated Production or • Seed 3/4 of an inch deep or less.

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o Green And Pink

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ealthy, Wholesome Fodder ”

cky Mountain Remont - $1.50/lb Delaney - $2.00/lb Shoshone - Price on request

’s Dictionary)

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View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today

DRILLS & SEEDERS

Spring seeding is coming soon. See our lineup of good used seeders to get that crop seeded quickly. Many others in stock - please call.

#89162

#88700

2023 John Deere N560 no till drill, 60ft. 10” spacing, double shoot, All Run Blockage, cast serrated closing wheels, spoked narrow gauge wheels, C850 tow behind cart. Stock #88700.$725,000 (1) 2022 John Deere N560 no till drill, 60-ft., 7.5” spacing, Pro Series openers, Truset down pressure, narrow spoked gauge wheels, crumbler closing wheels, JD All Run Blockage, 430 tow between cart with 12” conveyor (KSI flip over hopper), no section control. Stock #90471........... ........................................... $383,000 (4) 2021 John Deere 542C 42-ft. air drill, 7.5” spacing, single shoot, Pro Series spoked gauge wheels, All Run Blockage, 340/60R15 single wing tires, tow behind 1910 cart, SN1A81910HCNF795479. Stock #87427.. $258,000 (4) 2002 New Holland SD440 45-ft. 10:” spacing hoe drill, single shoot, 3” spread tip, capped steel press wheels, no blockage, has Flexi-Coil 3450 cart, 450 bushels, 3 tank cart, auger cart SNG50-108422-02. Stock #91713......... ............................................. $39,000 (1) Case IH ATX5010 50-ft., 10” spacing, SS, tire packers, 3” spread tips, no blockage, 2 tanks - 230 bushels. Has new hoses and points. Stock #85109.....$32,500 (1)

2005 Case IH ATX4812 48-ft., 12” spacing, rubber packer wheels, 1” tips, includes 3380 tow behind air cart. Stock #83627................................ $26,000 (1)

#88790

2015 John Deere 1890 60-ft. with 10” spacing, 90 Series openers, mix of spoked and unspoked gauge wheels, mix of smooth and serrated closing wheels, All Run Blockage (JD), 430 tow between cart with Intelligent Ag section control, 12” conveyor with standard hopper. Stock #88790..... $198,000 (14) 2012 John Deere 1890 60-ft. no till drill, 10” spacing, single shoot air package for tow between cart, All Run Blockage system for seed, 430 bushel cart, Uniforce down pressure system. Stock #86592............................ $168,000 (12) 2015 John Deere 1890 60-ft. no-till drill, 7.5” spacing, SS, All Run Blockage, solid gauge wheel, 430 bushel tow behind cart, 3 tank, 8 run, hydraulic drive (section command), 10” fill auger. Stock #90868............................ $178,000 (12) 2006 John Deere 1890 36-ft. drill with 7.5” spacing, single shoot, All Run Blockage, solid gauge wheels, 270 bushel tow between cart, 8” fill auger. Stock #85261... ..........................................$140,000 (11)

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2010 John Deere 1835 50-ft. drill with 12.5” spacing, 550# trips, 3” rubber press wheels, DBL shoot, drill with midrow banders, rock guards and scrapers, dual wing wheels, primary blockage on seed, no blockage on fertilizer, 430 bushel tow between cart, double shoot, 6 runs, 10” auger, 710/70R38, SN A01910T735486. Stock #89162....... ........................................... $59,000 (14) New Holland PS2070 60-ft. hoe drill, 10” spacing, PS1060 cart, roughly 25,000 acres. Stock #86634...........$40,000 (11)

1=Conrad: 888-397-6851 2=Cut Bank: 888-673-9310 3=Choteau: 888-728-9254 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

#90380 2010 John Deere 1830 60-ft. hoe drill, 10” spacing, single shoot, steel packers, mechanical depth control, primary blockage, 1910 tow behind air cart.S/N 1A81910HVAG740107. Stock #90380... ............................................. $95,000 (2) 2014 Pillar 3450/DH6010 60-ft. width, 10” spacing, double shoot, AgTron Blockage - primary, Flexi-Coil cart, new disks.

Stock #87613...................$110,000 (12)

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11=Lewistown: 800-823-3373 12=Havre: 800-621-5701 13=Chester: 406-759-5010

14=Great Falls: 888-760-2005 15=Belgrade: 866-282-3337 16=Livingston: 800-824-3932

Trader’s Dispatch,February 2025 — Page A51

View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com

Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today!

4WD, ROW CROP AND UTILITY TRACTORS

Check out our lineup of 4WD and track tractors for spring seeding and also call us for a great selection of RC and utility tractors for all your needs!

2021 John Deere 9620RX with 30” track, narrow spacing, PTO, display, large hydraulic pump, Performance Package, E18 transmission, 18F/6 R speeds with efficiency manager, 4600 command center with extended monitor, StarFire 6000 receiver, SF1 command center premium activation, Premium Command View III cab with cab suspension, premium radio package, Cummins X15 14.9L (912 cu. in.) 6 cylinder tier 4/ Stage V compliant diesel engine. Stock #91049............................ $530,000 (12)

2023 John Deere 9RX640 with E18 tranmission, 36” Camso track, fixed 87” spacing, 110 GPM dual hydraulic pump, 1000 PTO, standard mid rollers, tow cable, Ultimate Comfort air seat plus cab suspension, Ultimate visibility package, Signature Edition, Intelligent Power Management. Stock #88307.................. .......................................... $655,000 (2)

2023 John Deere 9RX540 with E18 transmission, 30” tracks on 87” spacing, PTO, Ultimate cab, cab suspension, Ultimate visibility 7000 receiver, 4600 display with entended monitor, Premium 3.0 activation, 5 remotes (standard flow hydraulics 55 GPM) Cat 5 drawbar.

Stock #92139.................. $625,000 (14) 2014 John Deere 9560R with premium hiflow, 18 speed PowerShift, 18 forward/6 rear speeds with Efficiency Manager, premium Command View II cab, premium radio package with XM radio, hi-flow hydraulic system, 295 lpm (78 gpm), five deluxe electro-hydraulic rear remote selective control valves, Cat 5 drawbar (2 positions) with heavy duty drawbar support, 520/85R46 triples, weights. Stock #91816............................ $237,500 (12)

#89083 2018 John Deere 9520RX with cab, 18/6 PowerShift, 30” DuraBuilt 6500 (with poly mid rollers), 5 SCVs, no 3-point, 1000 PTO, premium radio, premium CVIII cab with suspension, hi-flo hydraulics, Cat 5 drawbar, electric mirrors, premium lighting, 4600 command center with activation, no SF6000. Stock #89083............................ $373,000 (12) 2012 Case IH Steiger 500 quadtrac with 30” track, 1000 PTO, 16/2 speed Power Shift, guidance ready with receiver and display, luxury cab, 6 SCVs. Stock #91610............................ $190,000 (15)

2018 Versatile 610DT with 605 hp, 16 speed Power Shift transmission, 36” track, deluxe cab, LED lights, guidance ready with receiver and 10” display, differential lock, 6 SCVs, 2 sets of low pressure couplers. Stock #91193........... ........................................ $400,000 (12) 2008 John Deere 9530 with 800/70R38 duals (80%+), Power Shift transmission, 4 rear SCVs, premium cab with active seat, front and rear weights, Case drain, AutoTrac ready, 3000 receiver (SF1), 2630 display (SF2 unlocked). Stock #92107............................ $187,500 (14)

#91714 2014 John Deere 9510R with 4630 hours, high flow hydraulics with 5 SCVs, 1000 PTO, 18/6 Power Shift transmission, premium cab, 800/70R38 tires with duals, full weight package, comes with 2630 display with AutoTrac, tires are 70%, active seat. Stock #91714............. ........................................ $239,900 (15) 1985 John Deere 8850 4WD with 375 hp, rebuilt heads, 20.8R42 duals, 4 hydraulics, Quad Range transmission, 16 speed, GPS not included. Stock #92528.............................. $27,500 (14) 1997 Case IH 9390 4WD, 450 hp, Trimble guidance, 24 speed synchro shift transmission, air ride seats, LED lighting, 4 SCVs, Case drain, front and rear weights, 20.8R42 triples. Stock #92146. .......................................... $82,500 (14)

SELF PROPELLED SPREADERS & SPRAYERS Several used John Deere and competitive self-propelled sprayers and applicators in stock! Variety of boom and widths available.

2024 John Deere 616R with See-N-Spray, 120-ft. steel, 20”, auto solution control, hi-flow pump, front fill, 5 sensorboom level, boom air purge, eductor, ultimate comfort package, active seat II, fence row nozzles, VF420/95R50 tires, Gen4 4600 and extended monitor with 4.0 activation integrated receiver with SF-RTK capable. Stock #91439...... $705,000 (1)

#91133

2023 John Deere 616R with 120-ft. steel, 20”, CVIII cab, Exact Apply, auto solution control, hi-flow pump, front fill, 5 sensor boom level, boom air purge, Ultimate visibility lights, eductor, Ultimate Comfort package, Cat 1 cab filtration, pressure recirc and reclaim, fence row nozzles, 420 skinny tires. Stock #91133.. ........................................ $570,000 (14) 2021 John Deere 616R with 132-ft. carbon fiber, 20”, CVIII cab, Exact Apply, premium radio, AutoSolution control, hiflow pump, 5 sensor boom level, boom air purge, ultimate vis lights, eductor, Ultimate Comfort package, Cat I cab filtration, fence row nozzles, skinny tires.

Includes 4.0 AT activation, 4600 armrest display, section control, SF6000. Stock #89240.............................. $489,900 (1)

Several units are ready to roll with turnkey GPS!

#89332 2022 John Deere 412R 120-ft. 20”, CVIII cab, premium radio, high flow solution pump, AutoSolution control, no Exact Apply, eductor, boom level, boom air purge, ultimate visibility lights, fence row nozzles, 380/90R46, Includes 4600 with AT activation, SF6000. Stock #89332..... ........................................ $433,000 (15) 2020 John Deere R4060 with 132-ft. boom, 1600 gallon tank, Exact Apply, 20” spacing, eductor, 5 sensor BT, auto solution control, premium cab/radio, leather seats, includes LSW580/75R46 and VF420/95R50 tires. Stock #92068... ........................................ $388,000 (14) 2018 John Deere R4045 with 132-ft. carbon fiber, 20” CVIII cab, premium radio, AutoSolution control, Exact Apply, front fill, 5 sensor boom level, boom air purge, LED lights, eductor, leather, fence row nozzles, 800 float tires (75%) and VF480/80R50s (75%) includes 4600 with Command Center premium activation, SF6000. Stock #86870........... .......................................... $338,000 (1)

2015 John Deere R4045 with Command View II Plus cab, guidance, section control, 120-ft. boom with auto boom leveling, stainless steel tank, foam markers, RH and LH fence row nozzles, no eductor, 420/95R50 tires. Stock #86591......... ........................................ $169,000 (12) 2017 John Deere R4045 with 120-ft. steel boom, 20” spacing, No Exact Apply, 5 tip nozzle body, manual solution control, large eductor, 5 sensor BoomTrac, premium cab/radio, wheel slip, LED lights, L/R end nozzles radar, boom air purge, 480/80R50 tires with fenders, 2630 display with AutoTrac and section control and receiver. Stock #91898..................... ........................................ $195,000 (14) 2017 John Deere 4038 with 120-ft. boom, 20” spacing, 1000 gallon tank, 5 sensor BH, boom air purge, VF380/90R46 tires, high flow pump with dual flow meter, premium cab/radio, R/L end nozzles, LED lights, 6000 receiver, 2630 display with AutoTrac and section control and receiver. Stock #91139.... $259,500 (14) 2014 Case IH Patriot 3340 120-ft. boom, 20” spacing, 1000 gallon SS tank, Aim Command Pro, boom height, section control, 650/65R38 Viper 4 control, Nav II controller, section command. Stock #89336.............................. $147,500 (2)

2012 John Deere 4940 with 120-ft. boom, 15” spacing, 380/105R50 tires, Hi-Flo solution pump, stainless steel plumbing, BoomTrac Pro 5 leveling, SF3000 receiver, AutoTrac and section control activations. Stock #88812......$118,000 (1)

#89337 2010 John Deere 4830 100-ft, 20” spacing, 1000 gallon, SS, BoomTrac 5, deluxe cab, eductor, traction control, hydraulic tread adjust, 380/90R46 (50%).

Includes 2630 display SF1 activation, section control, SF3000. Stock #89337.. . .......................................... $107,000 (1) 2014 Case IH Patriot 2240 with 90-ft., 20” spacing, 600 gallon, SS, Aim Command, 420/85R38 (80%), manual solution, eductor, front fill, AccuBoom height.

Stock #84805...................... $97,500 (2)

2024 John Deere 412R with 120-ft. steel boom with Exact Apply, receiver, 4600 monitor, 1200 gallon SS tank, Ulitmate comfort with Active Seat, VF380/90R46 tires, high flow solution pump, SS eductor, 20” nozzles, air purge, fenders.

Stock #90973.................. $530,000 (14)

2023 John Deere 412R with 1200 gallon SS tank, ultimate comfort package, active seat, receiver and display, VF380/90R46 tires, hydraulic tread adjustment, traction control, high flow solution pump, eductor, 120-ft steel boom with 20” spacing, AutoBoom sensor, air purge, fenders. Stock #92123..... ........................................ $450,000 (12) 2015 John Deere 4038 with 120-ft. 20” spacing steel boom, No Exact Apply, 1000 gallon stainless tank, chemical eductor, boom air purge, BoomTrac Pro (5 sensor), 2630 display with AutoTrac and section control, Starfire 3000 receiver (SF1), automatic solution control, fence row nozzles, premium cab (leather seat and buddy seat), premium radio, LSW680/55R42 tires, 380 tires also available. Stock #91119... $145,000 (14)

1=Conrad: 888-397-6851 2=Cut Bank: 888-673-9310 3=Choteau: 888-728-9254 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

www.frontlineagsolutions.com 11=Lewistown: 800-823-3373 12=Havre: 800-621-5701 13=Chester: 406-759-5010

14=Great Falls: 888-760-2005 15=Belgrade: 866-282-3337 16=Livingston: 800-824-3932

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page A52

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Cummins ISX, 400 hp, 13 speed, double bunk

2013 Peterbilt 386

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$49,900 1994 Kenworth T800

Transfer truck, N14, 435 hp, 13 speed, push axle excellent condition.

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B1

2 W Spreading, Choteau MT ................. B6 3V Distributing, Conrad MT ................... C7 5 Gen, Great Falls, MT ........................ B18 7 W Enterprises, Inverness MT ........... C31 A-Plus Auto, Great Falls MT ................ C20 Abilene Machine Inc, Abilene KS ........ C36 Accelerated Metal Solutions, Glendive MT ..........................................................A44 Acciacca Agriculture Repair, Fairfield MT .. ................................................... A26, C2 Action Toys, Billings MT .......................A46 Affordable Construction Equipment, Billings & Bozeman MT ................................ C33 Ag Trucks & Equipment, Great Falls MT...C15 Ag Wise, Kremlin MT ........................... B16 Amsoil, Big Sky Synthetics, Deer Lodge MT .................................................... C48 ASH Supply, St. Ignatius, MT ...............A34 Badland Truck Sales, Glendive MT ..... C49 BearTooth Mahindra, Billings MT ........ B10 Belle Pulses USA, Hingham MT .............A6 Ben Taylor, Valier & Shelby MT .............. C3 Big Equipment Co., Havre MT............. C41 Big Sky Equipment, Conrad MT .......... B11 Big Sky Mahindra, Great Falls MT......... B3 Big Sky Pipe, Great Falls MT................A31 Big Sky Sawmill & Wood Products, Vaughn MT ...................................................... B8 Big Sky Synthetics, Amsoil, Deer Lodge MT .................................................... C48 Billings Farm & Ranch Supply, Billings MT ......................................................... C36 BTI Feeds, Cut Bank MT ....................... C3 Bull Mountain Fencing, Yoder, Dan, Roundup MT................................................A28 C & B Operations, LLC, Billings, Culbertson & Plentywood, MT, Sheridan, WY, Powell, WY ........................................... B12, B13 C & R Trailer Sales, Kalispell, MT ........ B18 Cahill Seeds, Scobey MT .....................A20 Cascade Machine & Supply, Great Falls MT .................................................... C16 Central Heating & Air Conditioning, Billings, MT .....................................................A18 Centrol Crop Consulting LLC, Brady & Conrad MT ..............................................A30 Churchill Equipment, Manhattan & Belgrade MT .................................................... C14 Circle S Seeds of Montana, Three Forks MT .....................................................A18 Crown Agro, Graham Seed Treating, Center ND .............................................. A5, A22 Cut Bank Tire, Cut Bank MT ............... C43 Dakota Truck & Farm, Minot ND.......... C38 David Steed Company, Idaho Falls, ID...A3 DBL Sales & Service, Coffee Creek MT ..... ...................................................C4, C28 Doane Western of Montana, Bozeman MT ..........................................................A45

Index

Double Diamond Truck & Equipment Sales, Missoula MT ...................................... C5 Dry Fork Ag, Ledger MT ...................... C19 Dutch Openers ...................................... B4 Equipment Share, Billings, MT ...............A4 Flaman Rentals, Power MT .........C30, C51 Fox Ford, Wolf Point MT...................... C22 Fraser’s Oil Inc., Inverness MT .............A40 Frieling’s Agricultural Equipment, Great Falls MT .............................B7, B19, C21, C52 Frontier Precision, Fort Benton MT ..... C51 Frontline Ag Solutions Dillon, Dillon MT ..... ..........................................................A47 Frontline Ag Solutions, Multiple locations MT ............................................ A50, A51 Glass Trucking, Denton MT ..................A42 Golden Harvest Seeds, Big Sandy MT....A16 Gordon Repair, LLC, Miles City MT ..... C12 Great Plains, Dealers ........................... C37 Greenway Seeds, Caldwell ID .................... .........A9, A42, A43, C18, C26, C27, C38 Greyn Fertilizer, Choteau, Dutton, Valier MT .................................................... C13 Grossenburg Equipment, Multiple Locations SD, Multiple Locations NE, Sundance WY ................................................... C45 Hall & Hall, Billings MT .........................A46 Hamilton Systems, Inc. Hamilton ND .. B19 Heartland Cabin Co., Moore MT ......... C39 Heartland Seed Company, Moccasin MT .. ..........................................................A39 Hedman, Inc, Grass Range MT ........... B23 Helfert’s Helena Farm Supply, East Helena MT ...................................................... C8 Henke Enterprises, SprayFlex & Big Dog Mowers, Chester MT ........................ B8 Henry Building Systems, Pelican Rapids MN ....................................................A21 Highland Specialty Grain, Inc. (McKay Seed Co.), Moses Lake WA .......................A21 Holst Truck Parts, Ucon, ID ................. C35 Hotsy Wy-Mont, Great Falls & Billings MT . ......................................................... C23 Hoven Equipment Co., Great Falls & Lewistown MT ...................................C28, C29 Hwy 12 Equipment & Repair, Baker MT...C12 ITB (Intercontinental Truck Body), Butte MT .................................................... B10 J & T Equipment Sales, Stevensville MT .... ......................................................... C40 J Bar T Bins & Steel Buildings, Chester MT ......................................................... B10 Jamieson Motors, Inc., Chinook MT .......... ................................................. A38, C24 Johnsen Trailer Sales, Inc., Bismarck & Fargo ND.......................................... C10 Krogmann Mfg..................................... C32

Lakeland Feed & Supply, Dillon & Hamilton MT .................................................... C48 Lattin & Sons, Power MT.............C30, C51 Laurel Trading Post, Laurel MT............ C25 Lee’s Trapworks, LTD, Swift Currant Canada ..................................................... B21 Love Montana Beef, Sun River MT ..... C22 M & M Auto, Trailers, & Welding, Stevensville MT .................................................... B15 M & W Machine, Three Forks MT .........A36 Mahindra, BearTooth Mahindra, Billings, MT .................................................... B10 Mahindra, Big Sky Harley, Great Falls MT..B3 Marks Lumber, Clancy MT .................. C32 Meridian Seeds, Casselton ND ............A13 Montana Ag Safety Program ............... C48 Montana Holster & Shoulder Rig, Great Falls MT .....................................................A41 Montana Metal Fabrications, Great Falls MT .................................................... C10 Montana Seeds, Conrad MT ................A50 Montech Seed Group, MT ....................A49 Mountain View Canvas, Fairfield MT ... C30 Mountain View Metalworks, Wilsall MT...C23 MT Tractors, Matt Pendergast, Stevensville MT .....................................................A31 Muggli Bros, Inc., Miles City, MT......... C19 Musselshell Valley Equipment, Roundup MT ............................................ A45, C47 Neal Hay Sales, Augusta MT ............... C30 New Homes of the Future, Billings MT.....A46 North Star Equipment, Great Falls MT....B21 Northern Ford, Cut Bank MT ............... C17 Northern Prairie Auto Sales, Wolf Point MT ......................................................... C44 Novonesis, Chris Berg, Conrad MT...B2, C16 Pedigree Truck & Trailer Sales, New Salem, ND ...................................................... B4 Pete’s Auto Sales, Great Falls MT ......... C1 Platinum Auto Center, Big Timber MT ... C4 Powerhouse Equipment, Floweree MT.....B2 Precision Truck & Trailer, Havre MT ......A52 Price Truck & Equipment Sales, Missoula MT .................................................... C36 Pro-Tech Steel LLC, Great Falls MT ...... B1 Quality Sales, Great Falls MT .............. C26 R & L Seed & Machine LLC, Geyser MT...C12 RDO Equipment, Kalispell, MT ............ C10 RDO Equipment, Missoula MT ............ C10 Reddig Equipment & Repair, Kalispell MT.. ........................................................... C6 Redhead Equipment, Regina SK Canada .. ........................................................... B9 Reinke, RPH Irrigation Services, Choteau MT .................................................... C11 Rockwell Scales, Simms MT ................A46 Roger Rader, Inc, Sun River MT .......... C32

Rowse Farm Equipment, Avon MT...... C30 RPH Irrigation Services, Reinke, Choteau MT .................................................... C11 Safflower Technologies International, Fairview & Billings MT .............................A44 Schweiss Hydraulic & BiFold Doors, Hector, MN ................................................... C27 Severinsen Irrigation, Zimmatic & RMB Bins, Fairfield MT ........................................ C7 Shortline Ag, Scobey MT..................... C19 Signature Auto & Equipment, Spearfish & Belle Fourche SD ............................. B17 Smith Truck Service, Great Falls, MT ...A32 Snowy Mountain Motors, Lewistown MT ... ..........................................................A46 Sod Buster Sales, Polson MT ..... A27, A48 SprayFlex, Henke Enterprises, Chester, MT ...................................................... B8 Steel Etc, Great Falls MT .................... B24 Stokes Fencing, Conrad MT................ C35 Sullivan Brothers Construction, Conrad MT ...................................................... C6 Sunrise Hoppers, Bow Island AB Canada . ......................................................... C47 T & S Sales, Spokane WA ........... A15, A37 T & T Farm Supply, LLC, Chester MT...A49 Taylor Farm Store, Shelby MT ............... C3 Taylor Transportation, Great Falls, MT..A43 TCB Transport LLC, Geyser MT .......... C42 Teton Trucks & Service, Choteau, MT ....A2 Tiber Tractor Co., Chester MT ............... C5 Titan Applications - formerly Heartland Ag Systems, ID, KS, MT, ND, NE, SD, WA ... ......................................................... C34 Tom’s Shop, Grass Range MT............... B8 Torgerson’s LLC, Multiple Locations MT, Multiple Locations WY, Dreary ID ........... ..................................B3, B20, C25, C39 Treasure State Seed, Fairfield MT ....... B22 Treasure State Wood Boilers, LLC, Bigfork, MT .................................................... C40 Tri-County Implement, Sidney MT......... B6 Tri-State Truck & Equipment, Belgrade, Billings, Great Falls MT, Casper WY, Rock Springs WY .......................................A41 Triple T Sales, Chinook MT............ B5, B20 TT&E Inc, Victor MT & Spearfish SD ... C42 Valley Steel LLC, Ryegate MT ............. C43 Vantage, Frontier Precision, Fort Benton MT .................................................... C51 Vaughn Truck, Havre MT ..................... B10 VW Mfg, Chester MT ............................. C9 Weaver Grain Bins, Power MT ............ C50 Wichman Ag Supply LLC, Hilger MT ... C12 Wild Horse Seed, Havre MT ................ B15 XB Trailer Sales, Great Falls MT ...........A14 Zimmatic, Severinsen Irrigation, Fairfield MT ...................................................... C7 Zimmerman Manure & Silage Hauling, Fairfield MT ............................................ C46

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B2

Our Advertising Deadline for the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th.

Phone us at (406) 271-5533

alid to Offer v 025 3/31/2

North of Great Falls, MT

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(406) 727-9994

Natural products to shield foals from infections

By Jordan Strickler A new research initiative by the University narians a sustainable approach to protect foals of Kentucky Martin-Gatton College of Agriand promote long-term health.”

R. equi impact and challenges culture, Food and Environment is investigating Young foals are highly susceptible to R. a natural, probiotic-based solution to combat equi, typically contracting the bacteria from a common bacterial infection that has plagued farm environments. Inhaling particles from horse owners, veterinarians and breeders for soil that harbor R. equi, the foals develop pneudecades.

Rhodococcus equi infections cause severe monia, bringing symptoms like fever, labored pneumonia in young foals, leading to costly breathing and lethargy. Without prompt and treatments, high mortality rates and long-term intensive treatment, infections often become health impacts on surviving animals. The fatal or lead to chronic health issues that can research, titled “Novel Therapeutics for the limit horses’ athletic performance as adults.

Control of Multidrug-resistant Rhodococcus For horse owners and breeders, R. equi equi in Foals” and funded by the American infections present an expensive challenge, Quarter Horse Association, could bring meanwith extended treatments, high veterinary costs and economic losses. Compounding the ingful changes to how these infections are issue, there is currently no available vaccine to managed—reducing reliance on antibiotics prevent R. equi infections—leaving antibiotics and potentially offering a more ecologically as the primary treatment. sustainable way to protect foals.

Antibiotic treatments, however, come with “This infection has been a persistent probtheir own complications. In addition to poslem for the horse industry, leading to high costs, complicated treatments and heartbreaksible side effects, such as digestive problems, antibiotics are becoming less effective against ing losses,” said Yosra Helmy, assistant profesR. equi due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant sor of infectious diseases and microbiology in strains. the Department of Veterinary Science at the “We’re reaching a point where our options Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center at are limited, and R. equi infections continue to Martin-Gatton CAFE. “By exploring probiothave a major impact on the industry,” Helmy ics as a preventative and treatment solution, we said. “Our goal with this study is to develop an aim to shift away from traditional antibiotic treatments and offer horse owners and veteriapproach that improves foal health while reducing the need for antibiotics, paving the way for a healthier future.”

Potential research outcomes This research project focuses on the potential of probiotics—the “good bacteria” that promote health by balancing bacterial populations in the gut. Widely used for digestive health in humans, probiotics could play a similar role Multipurpose Granular in foals, preventing harmful bacteria from taking hold.

The research team has identified specific probiotic strains that appear to offer protection against R. equi and is now conducting laboratory tests to ensure these strains are safe for use in young horses.

“If we can confirm that these probiotics are effective and safe, they could become a valuable tool for horse farms worldwide,” Helmy said.

“This would mean fewer infections, reduced reliance on antibiotics and ultimately, a healthier start for foals.”

Antibiotic resistance is very problematic in the fight against R. equi strains, a growing concern in animal and human health as well as “Bin Buster Peas” other bacterial infections. By Sunburst Montana offering a natural preventive measure, this probiotic approach could limit the spread Sterile Peat of resistant bacteria on horse farms, promoting better health outcomes across the equine industry.

This project’s outcomes are anticipated to have farreaching impacts. Healthier foals would lead to reduced veterinary costs and greater long-term value for horse owners.

“In addition to the obvious health benefits for foals, we’re excited by the potential for probiotics to support farming practices,” Helmy said. “If successful, this study could be a game-changer for the equine Contact your Local Rep Chris Berg at 406-868-8765 industry and set a new standard for prevention and care”

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AMBA releases recommended variety list

The American Malting Barley Association (AMBA) Board of Directors annually develops a list of recommended malting barley varieties for U.S. growers for the upcoming crop year. AMBA is a nonprofit trade organization, which represents the interests of end users of malting barley, including maltsters, brewers, distillers, and food processors. Their work seeks to maintain a stable and high quality supply of malting barley for their nearly 50 members throughout the U.S. The AMBA Recommended List is intended to provide U.S. growers with guidance as to what varieties the industry may be contracting or purchasing in the coming year. It is not intended as a list of approved or certified malting varieties for the use by brewers, distillers, food companies, or maltsters.

There may be many suitable malting barley varieties grown domestically or internationally that are not on the list, yet have quality characteristics desired by the industry. Some varieties will be used in large quantities and many others are only utilized in niche markets, so producers are encouraged to contact their local elevator, grain handler, or processor to gauge market demand for any variety grown in their region prior to seeding.

Additions to the 2025 list include CDC Churchill, a variety registered in Canada in 2018; and Firefoxx, a European line that is a non-producer of GN. CDC Churchill is a spring, two-row, hulled malting barley variety developed by Dr. Aaron Beattie at the Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan. The line was brought forth for recommendation by member company, Malteurop, who has trialed and found success with the line throughout North Dakota and Montana. It is reported to have slightly higher yield than AAC Synergy with a comparable enzyme package to CDC Copeland.

Firefox is a spring, two-row, hulled malting barley developed in Europe and released by Ackerman Saatzucht GmbH & Co. The line was brought forth for recommendation by member company, RahrBSG, who has tested its viability in North Dakota over the past four crop seasons. It exhibits

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B3

The deadline for advertising in the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

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Great Falls 406.453.1453 Havre 406.265.5887 Hysham 406.342.5571 Kalispell 406.407.7230 Lewistown 406.538.8795 Missoula 406.543.7782 Powell, WY 307.271.1112

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B4

Advertising Deadline for the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th. Call (406) 271-5533 to place your ad.

2020 Kenworth T680 X15 450 hp Cummins, Endurant 12 speed transmission, Air Ride cab, 2.79 rear ratio, air ride suspension, 176” WB, single 120 gallon tanks, fender mirrors, heated mirrors, moto mirrors, power windows and locks........................................................................$49,900

2019 Kenworth T800 Cummins X15 450 hp, FRO16210C Eaton Fuller 10 speed transmission, 3.25 rear ratio, air slide 5th wheel, dual tanks - 110 gallons left side, 60 gallons right side, battery shut off, LoPro 22.5 tires on aluminum outside and steel inside, 402,220 miles, 11,153 hours........$59,900

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2011 Wilson DWH-550, 43-ft. x 102” x 78”, SGC hoppers, manual tarp and traps, air suspension dump, load gauge, 11R24.5 tires on all aluminum wheels, great tires and brakes, knock rails, ladders and catwalks front and rear.

Components for electric tarp included...$34,900.....$31,900

2013 Reitnouer, 53-ft. x 102”, 11-ft. upper deck, 42-ft. lower deck, aluminum deck with nail strips, 14 sliding winches, 14 chain tie downs, ramp attachments, tires all 15-16/32, brakes and drums like new, air ride, sliding rear axle spread, all aluminum wheels, stainless steel rear, rear bumpers, LED lights, spare tire......................................$35,900 NEW 23,000 lb aluminum ramps, stands, and storage $8,000

Chemigation certification

By Greg Puckett, Extension Assoc Pesticide Safety Ed Producers who use, or want to use, chemigation in their operation can become certified or recertified through faceto-face training or online training offered by Nebraska Extension in 2025.

Who Needs Chemigation Certification?

Under the Nebraska Chemigation Act (Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 46-1101 to 46-1148), you need chemigation certification before applying any pesticide or fertilizer to a field through an irrigation system in Nebraska. This is true whether you operate chemigation equipment on your own land or do so on behalf of another landowner.

Not sure if your certification expires in 2025? Look up your certification status at https://deq-iis.ne.gov/zs/chemigation/main_search_chemication.php Landowners must also acquire a permit from their Natural Resources District (NRD) for each chemical injection location they or their operator will use for chemigation.

Face-to-Face Training Dozens of in-person chemigation training sessions hosted by local extension educators are scheduled to take place throughout the state in the early months of 2025. All training sessions include an opportunity to take the chemigation certification exam. You must pass this exam to become certified or recertified.

Online Training Online chemigation training for 2025 will become available on Wednesday, Jan. 1 and remain available all year.

The online program contains a series of training modules which you must complete to unlock the certification exam.

You must pass this exam to become certified or recertified.

Visit our chemigation training page for more information about the online training program.(https://pested.unl.edu/ training-and-certification/chemigation/ What Happens After My Training and Exam?

After you have received a passing score on your chemigation exam, the Pesticide Safety Education Program (PSEP) Office will send the results to the Nebraska Department of Environment and Energy (NDEE). The NDEE will then mail you your chemigation certification card, which is valid for four years.

There is no fee for chemigation training or the issuance of certification cards. However, chemical injection site permits (obtained through your NRD) do have fees associated with them.

If you have any questions about becoming certified to chemigate, please contact the PSEP Office.

AMBA releases recommended variety list CONTINUED FROM PAGE C3

comparable quality traits to check varieties, but provides the unique attribute of being a non-producer of GN, a trait of high interest by the distilling industry.

The lone variety to be removed from the list is Quest, a spring, six-row variety released by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station in 2010 by Dr. Kevin Smith.

It joined the list in 2011 and was grown until the industry transitioned to primarily two-row varieties.

To access the entire list and the full press release, visit the AMBA website

Folks enjoyed all of the many booths available at the 2025 MAGIE. Photo by Suzy Benzing

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* Prices subject to stock on hand

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B5

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Contact Dave Taylor: 1-406-357-2166

Chinook, MT

Home Phone - 406-357-2162 Highway 2 West, Chinook, MT 1/2 mile west of Chinook

LOADS OF TRAILERS COMING IN EVERY WEEK! CALL FOR MORE INFO! IN STOCK

NEW DIAMOND C & DOOLITTLE Bumper Pull Tilt Trailers

20-ft. • 22-ft. & 24-ft. with 7000 lb., 8000 lb. & 10,000 lb. axles Diamond C 20-ft. full tilt, 82” wide, 14,900 GVW..............$11,895 Diamond C 22-ft. 6+16, partial tilt, 14,900 GVW, 82” wide...$12,495 Doolittle 20-ft. 4+16, partial tilt, 82” wide, 14,000 GVW.....$10,395

NEW

STOCK TRAILERS

20-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7000 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, one center gate, bull package......... $16,995 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7200 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package ...$18,595 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7200 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package, brush fenders............................................................................................................ $18,995

New Knapheide

12-ft. 3” flatbed with stake sides, headache rack

$3500

Diamond C low profile, scissor lift trailer, 12-ft.x77”, tread plate floor, 7000 lb. axles, 16” tires...........................................................$5995

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LPD 210 12-ft. gooseneck with (2) 10,000 lb. axles...............................$24,595 LPD 207 14-ft. gooseneck with (2) 7000 lb. axles..................................$16,995 LPT 207 14-ft. bumper pull with (2) 7000 lb. axles, telescopic hoist......$15,995

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Mounts to rails bolted under the bed, or attaches easily to B&W’s turnover ball gooseneck hitch. Easy adjustment of height & lateral positions.

See us for your HydraBed needs!

LOOK enclosed trailers in stock 4’x7’ Heavy Duty Trailer Mats

$90 each

NEW HEAVY DUTY FLATBED GOOSENECK TRAILERS

2002 Wilray 20-ft. equipment trailer, 7000# axles.....$3000

2019 Chevrolet 3500 6.0 gas, crew cab

$31,000

2009 Fastline 6x12 ATV trailer $1800

53-ft. van triple axle

$8500

2022 6x8 Carry-On utility trailer

Look 6x10 trailer with slight hail damage......$4600

Diamond C 30-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps............................ $21,995 Diamond C 32-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps............................ $22,495 Doolittle 32-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................ $18,495 Circle D 31-ft. 2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................... $16,995 Circle D 31-ft., (3) 7000 lb. axles, Max ramps.................................... $15,995 Doolittle 30-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................ $17,995 Circle D 29-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................. $15,595 Circle D 25-ft., (2) 7000 lb. torsion axles, Max ramps........................ $12,995 Diamond C 28-ft., (3) 7000 lb. axles, Low Profile tilt trailer................ $18,995 Diamond C 26-ft., (2) 7000 lb. axles, full tilt....................................... $15,595

NEW BUMPER PULL UTILITY TRAILERS

• 5-ft. x 8-ft. to 83” x 14-ft.

Large Trailer Parts Inventory!

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TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT •

Axles • Springs • Lights • Fenders • Straps • Tie-downs 2019 Diamond C 14x83 ATV trailer, 5200# axles, • Jacks • Bearings & Seals • Etc. pintle hook......$2600 TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT • TTT

$1000

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B6

2 W Custom and Full Service Manure Spreading

4 2 Spreader trucks available 4 We also offer side dump hauling for long hauls Loader and Skid Steer Available

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Call for a quote today!

Larry - 406-899-5515 OR Robert - 406-590-6238

Ash Supply had many people stop by to look at their cattle handling equipment at the 2025 MAGIE. Photo by Suzy Benzing

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B7

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2018 Peterbilt 579

• 12 speed Auto

• 455 hp

Buy or Lease to own $11,355/yr - oac

• 500 hp • Cummins X15 • 13 speed Manual • Non-Smoker • Platinum Interior

2018 Peterbilt 579

Buy or Lease to own $17,893/yr - oac

2020 Peterbilt 389 • 10 speed Automatic • 500 hp • Cummins • 13 speed Manual Buy or Lease to own $23,128/yr - oac

• 455 hp

• Paccar

Call For Pricing

• 10 speed Automatic • 455 hp • Paccar Buy or Lease to own $13,598/yr - oac

Check us out on the web frielingagequipment.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B8

Full dimension rough cut lumber • Custom sawing • Beams • Wood siding • Driveway arches • Bridge planks • Fireplace mantels • And much more.....

780 1st Rd. S - Vaughn, MT

Call The Weaver Family (406) 788-7989 www.bigskysawmill.vpweb.com e-mail: bigskysawmill@gmail.com

VAN TRAILERS FOR SALE

Large selection of 2008 Wabash dry van 28-ft. trailers good floors and roofs. Road ready.................... $4000 ea.

2006 Wabash 35-ft. dry van. liftgate trailer............... $7500 1986 Hobbs 48-ft. dry van storage trailer................. $3800 2) Single axle converter dollies........................... $2500 ea.

Call Randy for more information (406) 855-5994

800900 SERIES

Central Grasslands REC to host prescribed burn workshop Implementing prescribed burns in a livestock operation and how burning can improve a plant community are a few of the topics that will be discussed at a prescribed burn workshop hosted by NDSU’s Central Grasslands Research Extension Center on February 25.

The one-day workshop, held at the Baymont Inn on 25th Street in Jamestown, will begin at 9:30 a.m. and conclude at 4 p.m. A buffet lunch will be provided.

“This workshop is a great opportunity to learn about the role of prescribed burning to enhance ecosystem services and livestock performance,” says Kevin Sedivec, NDSU Extension rangeland management specialist and CGREC interim director. “Although fire is often viewed as dangerous due to the catastrophic impacts of wildfire, planned prescribed burns are designed to be safe and strategic to achieve a positive outcome.”

This event is free and open to the public, and anyone interested is encouraged to attend. The topics of discussion may be especially interesting to livestock producers and rangeland managers.

“We will have speakers provide the latest science on burning and grazing in the Northern Plains, including the role of burning with grazing on wildlife habitat, plant community composition and forage quality, and cattle performance,” says Ben Menapace, CGREC research specialist and

Canada’s oddest museum?

Have you ever dreamed of seeing a gopher dressed as a Mountie? Or maybe you’ve fantasized about gophers working as hairdressers and styling each other’s locks.

How about a gopher dressed as a preacher or an angel gopher with a halo and harp floating in the air above his head? At the Gopher Hole Museum in Torrington, Alberta (just north of Calgary), these visions are all on display for you to behold and admire. About the size of a garage, the museum displays (406) 428-2272

TOM’S SHOP Grass Range, MT

workshop organizer. “Attendees can expect engaging talks from agency representatives, livestock producers, researchers and conservationists from across the Northern Great Plains.”

Attendees will have scheduled opportunities to ask questions and discuss the issues involved with implementing prescribed burns on rangelands in North Dakota.

Topics addressed at the workshop will be: General introductions to the logistics of implementing prescribed fire The role of the North Dakota Prescribed Fire Cooperative How fire promotes floral expression Impacts of patch burn grazing on grassland birds How fire can improve livestock performance and forage nutritional value Optimizing fire return interval and time of year for prescribed burning How burning can improve a plant community Rancher perspectives: Implementing prescribed burns in a livestock operation Building and sustaining a “burning culture” in the Dakotas Preregistration is highly encouraged in order to provide sufficient meals and seating. Register online at ndsu.ag/prescribedburn.

44 dioramas with 71 stuffed gophers (really Richardson’s ground squirrels, to be accurate) elaborately dressed as townspeople doing a wide range of activities, including bank officer, robber, and firefighter. Don’t miss: The gopher smith hammering at his anvil; the clown gopher clutching his balloons; a ‘50s-style female gopher showing off her poodle skirt while holding hands with a young male gopher in a leather jacket.

LOWER PRICES ON THESE ITEMS

2004 Ford Super Cab with a Deweze 375

Skid Steer Snow Pushers

Heavy Duty Pivot Track Filler $4995

MACHINERY FOR SALE

Heavy Duty Mower

Scraper

5-7 yard, with dirt ejector

IN STOCK

Heavy duty 8-ft...$1795 12-ft...$2295

12-ft. 3-point Melroe 24-ft. chisel plow with Noble harrow............. $2400 Snow $23,995 $4995 Gysler 24-ft. chisel plow with Noble harrow, no wing lift.....

Box Pusher ................................................................................ $1200 12-ft., heavy duty Blades International 810 24-ft. header.................................. $750 bolt on cutting w/tilt F10 International 810 13.5-ft. header with Sund pickup... $500 blade, tractor Doug Henke ~ Chester, MT 10-ft...$2995 International pull-type V-ditcher............................... $1300 cell (406) 799-2616 loader bucket or 100-ft. booms, 12-ft...$3795 International 1480 combine. Salvage parts.to 48-ft. header Doug Henke ~ Chester, MT pay loader 1250 gallon tank, 40-ft.

(406) 799-2616 5 section booms, eDrive Coming for Johncell Deere & Case Sprayers!!

International 1440 combine. Salvage parts.

Many sizes $2995 trailers available hydraulic steer, International draper header, 24-ft., 40-ft. fits 4000/5000. .... $250 to 48-ft. header Hydraulic tilt Doug Henke ~ Chester, MT Cummins, Allison eDrive Coming foritems!

John Deere & Case Sprayers!!

INC. International 19.5-ft.draper header,HENKE pickup available reel,ENTERPRISES fits cell (406) 799-2616 We stock many CAN ORDER ITEMS! trailers add $200 transmission, no ROMAFA 4000/5000................................................................. $800 duals.

40-ft. to 48-ft. header STAINLESS STEEL eDrive Coming for John Deere & Case Sprayers!!

Friggstad Force V air cart, ground drive,trailers deep banding....

ROMAFA available AIR SEEDER PARTS $59,900 ................................................................................ $1000 STAINLESS STEEL AVAILABLE! Farmhand F226 loader............................................. $1000 ROMAFA AIR SEEDER PARTS 500 gallon fuel tank on stand...................................... $750 STAINLESS STEEL AVAILABLE! Grader 300 gallon fuel tank on stand...................................... $350 10-ft. & 12-ft.

Header trailers AIR SEEDER PARTS in stock 1500 gallon poly water tank....................................... dirt box $1000 blades Scraper AVAILABLE! MANY USED SPRAYERS FOR SALE, MORE COMING!!!!!

441 (41-ft.)....$6995 10-ft. & $1200 12-ft.

Farmhand F236 loader.............................................

120R 845 (45-ft.)....$9999 $49,900 AND UP!!!!

12-ft., ends flip up, dirtZunit boxhitch. blades 2) John Deere 500 rod weeders, 14-ft. with .....

848 (48-ft.).$10,300 MANY USED SPRAYERS FOR SALE, MORE COMING!!!!!

3-way hydraulics 10-ft. &$400 12-ft. .................................................................................. $49,900 AND UP!!!! $9995 dirt box $200 blades Edwards 30-ft. rod weeder.........................................

Website trucksprayers.com MANY USED SPRAYERS FOR SALE, MORE COMING!!!!!

140R 14-ft., 4-way Wagner loader............................................................ $150 hydraulics Henke Enterprises Inc. offers- AND $49,900 UP!!!!

BUILDING ~ COMING IN 12-ft. all steel flatbed................................................. $1000 Website - trucksprayers.com * Complete Spray Truck assembly * Truck Frame work $11,999 * Hydraulic work * Welding of steel, aluminum, stainless steel 2013 Sprayflex sprayer, 120-ft. boom, 1300 3) International 150 10-ft. x 10” drills with fertilizer, high gallon tank, 2004 International 4300 truck, * Machining lathe work (18”x80”) and milling 160R 16-ft., Henke Enterprises Inc. offersBUILDING ~ COMING IN floater tires .......................................$59,900 Romafa Parts * Custom built wheels for floaters & etc.

Powder Coated Website trucksprayers.com speed, hitch............................................................... $600 * Complete Spray Truck assembly * Truck Frame-work 4-way hydraulics truck work 50-ft. of height stainless steel 2013 Sprayflex sprayer, 120-ft. boom, 1300 2012 International 7400 with 120-ft. sprayer ...

Stainless steel air * Hydraulic work* Crane * Welding of steel, aluminum, * Electronic testing and repairs 10:00x22 10-hole wheels and tires. gallon tank, 2004 International 4300 truck, * Machining lathe work (18”x80”) and milling $13,999 ...............................................................

Call Henke Inc. offersseeder parts for all * Over 20 yearsEnterprises experience with Marflex-SprayFlex sprayers BUILDING ~ COMING IN floater tires .......................................$59,900 * Custom built wheels for floaters & etc. *- Truck Powder Coated * Complete Frame John Deere 50A 40-ft. sprayer, well maintained......... $400 2009 John Deere 4930 **EDRIVE sprayer new * All sprayers Spray testedTruck on ourassembly irrigated and dryland farmwork All very heavy duty built air seeders.

Some * Crane truck work 50-ft. of height 2013 Sprayflex sprayer, 120-ft. boom, 1300 * Hydraulic work * Welding of steel, aluminum, stainless steel 2012 International 7400 with 120-ft. sprayer ... electric drive conversion 120-ft. booms ........ * Electronic testing and repairsand milling gallon tank, 2004 International 4300 truck, John Deere oneway. Cool antique.............................. $350 IN STOCK in stock!!! * Machining - lathe work (18”x80”) ...............................................................

Call .......................................................$169,900 MARFLEX SPRAYER PARTS AVAILABLE * Over 20 years experience Marflex-SprayFlex floater tires .......................................$59,900 * Custom built wheels forwith floaters & etc. - Powdersprayers Coated Meyers 8-bale sweep.................................................. $300 2009 John Deere 4930 **EDRIVE sprayer new * All sprayers *tested our work irrigated dryland farm Craneon truck 50-ft.and of height 2012 International 7400 with 120-ft. sprayer Contact* Electronic your authorized dealer electric drive conversion 120-ft. booms ........... testing and repairs 2) Farmhand 10-bale clamps............................. $1200 ............................................................... Call .......................................................$169,900 PARTS AVAILABLE * Over 20 SPRAYER years with Marflex-SprayFlex sprayers Henke Enterprises Inc.,ea.

Doug Henke,MARFLEX Chester, MTexperience • 406-759-5877 or cell 406-799-2616 email: grain@ttc-cmc.net 2009 John Deere 4930 **EDRIVE sprayer new * All sprayers tested on our irrigated and dryland farm International #30 7-wheel rake.................................. $250 electric drive conversion 120-ft. booms ........

Contact your authorized dealer New Holland BR780 baler. SalvageHenke parts. .......................................................$169,900 MARFLEX SPRAYER PARTS AVAILABLE Enterprises Inc., Doug Henke, Chester, MT • 406-759-5877 or cell~ 406-799-2616 email: grain@ttc-cmc.net~ Chester, MT Doug Henke (406) 799-2616 Phone (406) 870-9003 Contact your authorized dealer WE SELL INDUSTRIAS AMERICA, WEST HILLS EQUIPMENT AND MANY MORE!

HENKE ENTERPRISES INC. • Westfield Augers • Bin Fill Augers HENKE ENTERPRISES INC. • Load Out Augers • Conveyors

IN STOCK IN STOCK IN STOCK

Marflex

HENKE ENTERPRISES INC.

Henke Enterprises Inc., Doug Henke, Chester, MT

• 406-759-5877 or cell 406-799-2616

email: grain@ttc-cmc.net

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B9

Equip Your Farm for Tomorrow with

REDHEAD EQUIPMENT! 10 LOCATIONS ACROSS SASKATCHEWAN , CANADA.

CASE IH PATRIOT 4440 SPRAYER Lux Surveyor Cab, Power Adjusting Mirrors, 120 ft boom, 7 section, 20” spacing, Case IH AFS Pro 700, Deluxe H.I.D./LED field lights, Accuboom section control, Autoboom Height Control 5 Sensors, Single beacon light, Trelleborg 710 Floaters $260,000 cad stk: 043284

2015 CASE IH 9240 COMBINE Lux Cab, 620 duals, 750/65R26 Steering, GPS, Lateral tilt, Fine Cut chopper, 50ft Unload Auger w/ fold, HID Lights w/ distance lights, Ext wear Rotor, Air compressor, Manual Ext grain tank $195,000 cad stk: 048872

2013 CASE IH 8230 COMBINE 520 duals, Lateral tilt, 750 Rear tires, Magnacut chopper, Lux Cab, Diff Lock, GPS $150,000 cad stk: 049399

2011 NEW HOLLAND CR9080 COMBINE 76C p/u header s/nPPP004218, 16’, Y & M, 3200 Eng hours, 4 Strand Feeder chain, Long Auger, DLX cab, 4 Row standard chopper w/ roller, Manual hopper ext, 520 duals $99,000 cad stk: 051979

2013 CASE IH 8230 COMBINE 520 duals, Lateral tilt, 750 Rear tires, Magnacut chopper, Air compressor, Lux Cab, Diff lock, GPS $150,000 cad stk: 049400

2013 CASE IH 9230 COMBINE 620 duals, Hopper Ext, Leather, 750 Rear, No Pick Up $189,000 cad stk: 050363

2012 BOURGAULT 3320 AIR DRILL W/ 6700 AIR TANK 76 FT QDA, 10”, Devloo Mud Scrapers, ¾” Knives, 6700 Tank, Rear Duels, 700Bu, Tank Reads 32500 Acres $249,000 cad stk: 050491

2022 CASE IH 8250 COMBINE W/ 3016 FS, SG, 8/9, Lux Cab, Autoguidance Nav II Controller, Trailer Hitch, Hydraulic Covers, Dual Disc Spreaders, w/ 3016 Header $575,000 cad stk: 050587

2019 JOHN DEERE R4045 SPRAYER 1200 Gallon tank, 132’ Carbon Fiber boom, Exact Apply, Boomtrac, Boom Air purge, Section Control, SF1, Autosolution command, LED lights, 380 Tires & 710 Tires $490,000 cad stk: 051285

2013 CASE IH 7230 COMBINE 620 duals, 600 rear, Independent Cross Auger control, Hyd tank cover, Lateral tilt w/ rock trap, 40ft Unload Auger, 372 Omni unlock, New extended wear cone, New top shaft & sprocket $155,000 cad stk: 051612

2011 MACDON FD70 HEADER 40FT 40 ft, Slow speed transport, Pea Auger, Reconditioned $57,500 cad stk: 050884

2020 CHALLENGER MT875E TRACTOR 36” Extreme Tracks, Power Shift 15F / 4R,LED Cab Package, HID Hood Lights, 6 remotes, 85 GPM Pump, Pivot Step, Leather VRS Delux Seat, Autoguide, 32 Front weights, 16 Idler weights, 2400lb Undercarriage weights $465,000 cad stk: 050008

AGRICULTURAL | CONSTRUCTION | TRUCKS & TRAILERS redheadequipment.ca

1.800.219.8867

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B10

Do you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch? Have you found what you needed? Please, tell our advertisers!

(406) 252-2888

6900 I-90 Frontage Rd. Billings, MT

STOP

BY AND AND SEE SEEUS! US! STOP BY WANT TO BUY:

New Holland bale wagons.

Model 1032, 1033, 1036, or 1037.

BOOTH#700 BOOTH #700 ATTHE THEMETRA METRA AT

BILLINGS,MONTANA MONTANA BILLINGS, February20 20--21 21-- 22 February 22 ##### English is funny: The announcement was made by a nameless official. Just about everyone has a name, even officials. Surely what is meant is “The announcement was made by an unnamed official.” ##### I received another letter from some lawyer yesterday. It had “Final Notice” written on the envelope. Good. They won’t be bothering me anymore. ##### Where do we get virgin wool from? Ugly sheep.

##### What do you call it when a 4’9’’ woman dates a 6’5’’ man? A long-distance relationship. ##### English is funny: Put your best foot forward. Now let’s see…. We have a good foot and a better foot — but we don’t have a third — and best — foot. It’s our better foot we want to put forward. This grammar atrocity is akin to May the best team win.

Usually there are only two teams in the contest. Similarly, in any list of bestsellers, only the most popular book is genuinely a bestseller. All the rest are bettersellers.

Manufacturing Aluminum Van Bodies, Flatbeds, Grain Bodies, Service Bodies and Enclosures ITB ALUMINUM VAN BODIES

ITB’s Proprietary Extruded Aluminum Snaplock Design

In the mid 70’s ITB began using its patented Snaplock aluminum panel. The design of this panel, which dramatically reduces welding & increases speed of construction, was then...and still is...revolutionary to the industry. ITB’s Snaplock panel provides unequaled strength and fewer welds to crack or break. Many of ITB’s products are in service 20-30 years, with nearly no maintenance or repair.

Havre, MT 59501 406-265-6387 jim@vaughntrucksales.com Website: www.vaughntrucksales.com

ITB ALUMINUM PLATFORMS, DUMPBEDS & FLATBEDS

ITB ALUMINUM GRAIN BODIES 1985 Merritt hopper, 41’ X 96”, spring suspension, fairly new tarp, new brake shoes on front axle, 50% shoes on rear axle.

1977 Titan hopper pup, converter dolly, roll tarp, steel hub pilot wheels on dolly and steel ball seat on rear of trailer, new brake shoes on dolly, roll tarp. Selling as a set...........................................................$15,500

1996 Wabash 48’ X 102” drop floor dry van, swing doors, 215/75-17.5 tires on Dayton wheels $7500

ITB’s Legendary Snaplock Aluminum Construction • 96” or 102” Widths 42”, 50”, 60” & 66” High Sides 16’ to 24’ Lengths

See more on our website at: www.itbusa.com Or give us a call for more info: 78 Gold Street Anaconda, MT 59711 406.797.7900 New surplus trailer axles, many different ride height and widths available

Solution-driven. Purpose-built. Engineered to last.

ORDER TODAY!! 800.327.3349

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B11

Big Sky Equipment Co. Phone 406-278-3277 Toll-free 1-800-332-7541 Conrad, Montana

Sales Kurt Christiaens 450-3277 cell

Service Corey Combs, 781-7678 cell

website: www.bigskyequip.com

USED COMBINES

2022 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, autoguidance, chopper & spreader, electric folding grain tank cover, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors, Sunnybrook concaves...............................$489,900 2024 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, autoguidance, chopper & spreader, electric folding covers, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors....$539,900 2018 New Holland CR8.90 combine, duals, autoguidance, electric folding covers, chopper and spreader, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors................$249,900 2013 Case IH 8230 combine, auto guidance, chopper, AFX rotor, very clean................................$145,900 1998 Case IH 2388 combine with 36-ft. 2042 header.. ....................................................................$34,900 1995 Case IH 2188 combine with 1010 15-ft pickup header.........................................................$19,995 2006 John Deere 9760 STS combine....REDUCED $10,000 to...................................................$39,900

USED TRACTORS

USED BALE PROCESSORS

2023 LS MT347 tractor with loader, hydrostatic drive, 2 rear remotes, loader 3rd function....................$42,900 2003 John Deere 9520T 4 remotes, Starfire 6000 antenna....................................................................$89,900 Allis-Chalmers 7060 tractor, cab, 2WD with duals.$2900

2018 Highline CFR650 bale processor....... $19,900 2005 Haybuster 2650 bale processor......... $12,500

USED SWATHER

IN STOCK!

USED HEADERS

2013 MacDon D65 40-ft. windrower draper header, pickup reel, gauge wheels......................... $22,500 2010 MacDon D60 45 ft. draper header with pickup reel, transport............................. Reduced $39,900 2009 MacDon D60-45 draper header, slow speed transport, upper cross auger............... Just Traded 2010 Case IH 2016 pickup header with Swathmaster pickup......................................................... $14,900

USED BALER

New 2024 Apache AS1250 Sprayers

2017 MacDon M205 self-propelled swather with 2016 D65D double knife 35-ft. draper header with triple delivery, Trimble EZ-Steer guidance....... $139,900 2014 Case IH WD1903 swather with 36-ft. draper header, full guidance with 372 antenna, PRO 700 monitor, LED light package, pickup reel, transport..............................................................Just In

USED AIR DRILLS

2016 New Holland Rollbelt 560 baler, wide pickup, roller wind guard, manual hydraulic pickup, net and twine, large tires, 1000 PTO....................... $34,900

John Deere 1830 hoe drill with 1910 air cart, 60-ft., 10” spacing, 3” steel packers, standard JD blockage....... .............................................................. Just Traded Morris Contour II drill with tow between 8450 cart, 61-ft., 10” spacing, precision (independent hydraulic trips), single shoot, 3 tank, 450 bushel, variable rate, TopCon X35 monitor..................................... $89,900 2008 New Holland SD550 drill with SC430 tow-between cart, 12” spacing, 60 ft., single shoot, 4.5” steel packers. ....................................................... $47,500 2001 Flexi-Coil 5000 57-ft., 12” spacing, 3.5 inch steel packers, single shoot, 3450 tow between tank, variable rate............................................................... $42,500

Your Local Dealer

1200 gallon poly tank, 100-ft. aluminum booms, Raven Viper 4 monitor with Raven Product control

USED SPRAYERS

2021 New Holland SP310F self-propelled front boom sprayer, 120-ft. steel mono boom, 1200 gallon stainless steel tank, 650 tires, Intellispray (hawkeye) nozzle control, Intelliview 4 display, stainless steel inductor, XRT auto-boom, auto rinse, premium lighting, low hours................................... $410,900 2011 Apache AS720 750 gallon poly tank, 60x90-ft. booms, auto-boom height control, auto-rate.......... .................................................................. $79,900

Give us a call or stop in for more information

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B12

NEW-TO-YOU EQUIPMENT DEEREQUIPMENT.COM • Contact Jeff Fjelstad at (406) 633-5032 for more information

2019 John Deere 1023E Retail: $18,500.00 Stock: 362864

2023 John Deere 1025R Retail: $16,900.00 Stock: 289925

2024 John Deere 2025R Retail: $30,200.00 Stock: 364117

2022 John Deere 3035D Retail: $24,000.00 Stock: 321902

2023 John Deere 3046R Retail: $56,500.00 Stock: 328866

2024 John Deere 4044R Retail: $63,999.00 Stock: 346976

2000 New Holland TC29 Retail: $7,700.00 Stock: 359920

2024 John Deere 6R 165 Retail: $258,700.00 Stock: 348117

2023 John Deere 6R 155 Retail: $206,000.00 Stock: 321081

2023 John Deere 6R 175 Retail: $223,400.00 Stock: 365383

2020 John Deere 7R 230 Retail: $233,600.00 Stock: 358885

2024 John Deere 8R 310 Retail: $467,200.00 Stock: 364079

2023 John Deere 8R 280 Retail: $343,600.00 Stock: 363592

2023 John Deere 6145M Retail: $181,000.00 Stock: 302610

2023 John Deere 6145M Retail: $187,100.00 Stock: 358882

2023 John Deere 6145M Retail: $190,300.00 Stock: 358868

2023 John Deere 6145M Retail: $201,500.00 Stock: 358872

2024 John Deere 6155M Cab Retail: $193,200.00 Stock: 343214

2023 John Deere 6155M Cab Retail: $194,700.00 Stock: 330348

2024 John Deere 6155M Retail: $197,200.00 Stock: 365354

February 2025

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B13

2023 John Deere 6155M Retail: $190,000.00 Stock: 330209

2022 John Deere 6155M Retail: $158,700.00 Stock: 365385

2013 John Deere 6170R Retail: $109,800.00 Stock: 365587

2024 John Deere 6175M Retail: $214,200.00 Stock: 355485

2024 John Deere 6195M Retail: $230,000.00 Stock: 353189

2023 John Deere 6195M Retail: $237,100.00 Stock: 322786

2017 John Deere 6195R Retail: $173,100.00 Stock: 365109

2012 John Deere 7215R Retail: $115,300.00 Stock: 356550

2011 John Deere 7730 Retail: $109,800.00 Stock: 365340

2008 John Deere 7730 Retail: $97,500.00 Stock: 352451

1993 John Deere 7800 Retail: $52,500.00 Stock: 364979

2008 John Deere 8130 Retail: $118,000.00 Stock: 364777

2000 John Deere 8210 Retail: $64,000.00 Stock: 365222

2004 John Deere 8220 Retail: $109,800.00 Stock: 363968

2009 John Deere 8230 Retail: $82,800.00 Stock: 365531

2014 John Deere 8295R Retail: $197,000.00 Stock: 363114

2014 John Deere 8295R Retail: $222,300.00 Stock: 362843

1998 John Deere 8300 Retail: $85,000.00 Stock: 363823

2016 Case IH Maxxum 125 CVT T4B Retail: $78,600.00 Stock: 361278

2014 Case IH Magnum 315 Retail: $122,100.00 Stock: 357712

2024 John Deere 9R 640 Retail: $624,000.00 Stock: 363544

2009 John Deere 9230 Retail: $145,600.00 Stock: 354764

2010 John Deere 9430 Retail: $155,600.00 Stock: 355683

2012 John Deere 9560R Retail: $240,400.00 Stock: 362790

2005 Versatile 2425 Retail: $92,100.00 Stock: 364344

Contact Jeff Fjelstad for information (406) 633-5032

Visit us at DEEREQUIPMENT.COM

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B14

National Almond Day

Every February 16th Almonds, a bite-sized little nut common in trail mix and other breakfast and snack recipes. More likely

TIMED ONLINE ONLY

than not, you’ve tried an almond before. But, did you know there is an entire day devoted to the celebration of almonds?!

It’s generally believed and agreed by historians (and food historians in particular) that almonds were one of the earliest cultivated foods by mankind. Almonds are mentioned as far back in history as the Bible! Although their first place of origin is debated, almonds were

thought to have first been cultivated in China and Central Asia.

While traveling the Silk Road between Asia and the Mediterranean, explorers were said to snack on almonds during the long travel times.

As explorers settled in the Mediterranean region, the trees began to grow in the area. As the trees spread throughout Europe, many of them clustered in Spain and Italy.

Almonds eventually made their journey to the United States in the mid-1700s. Historians believe they made their appearance on the trade ship brought to the US from Spain by the Franciscan Padres. The trees died out in the United States quite quickly as the soil and cultivation knowledge to keep the trees alive was inadequate. It was not until the 1800’s that almond trees were successfully grown and harvested in the States.

By the end of the 1800s, the Sacramento and San Joaquin areas of California became the United State’s biggest almond producers.

Today, almonds symbolize a variety of things. The Bible tells the story of the rod that blossomed and bore almonds, making them a divine religious symbol.

The early Romans gifted almonds to family and friends as fertility charms.

These gifts were typically given at weddings. Today, sugared or frosted almonds are often given at American weddings to guests as a sign of happiness, wealth, and good fortune.

DALLAS & CINDY STEIGER

ENDS: TUE, MARCH 18 • 1:00 PM • FORSYTH, MT

TRUCKS: Grain & Beet, Semi. TRACTORS: John Deere 8520, 6195R, 4955, 4630, 4440, 4020, 3020, Farmall 400.

SPRAYING & GRAIN EQT: Spra-Coupe 7650SP, JD 8820 Combine, Headers, Grain Augers. BEET & CORN EQT: 2 H&S Carts, Amity Defoliator, WIC Harvester, Shredders & More. TILLAGE EQT: Grain Drills, Disks, Roller Harrows, Level, Plows, Rippers, Cultivators, Corrugators, Scraper, Heavy Harrow, Ditchers, Closers & More. IRRIGATION EQT: 12” & 10” Gated Pipe, Fittings, Syphon Tubes, Pipe Trailer. VEHICLES: Several Trailers, Pups, Pickups and More. MISC: Fuel Tanks, Gators, Tractor & Implement Tires & Rims & Shop Tools & Equipment.

For more info, hundreds of photos & bidding registration, visit mbauction.com

VIEW FULL AUCTION LISTINGS ONLINE @ MBAUCTION.COM

BILLINGS MT (406) 652-2266

Health Benefits of Almonds If you are still on the fence about enjoying almonds, you’ll be pleased to know they have a wide variety of health benefits.

Almonds are high in fiber, which means they promote digestion and can give you extra good gut bacteria.

Almonds, outside of their edible form, are great for your skin. If you suffer from dry, flaky, or irritated skin, you can apply almond oil or almond lotions to hydrate your skin and give you a dose of vitamin A. If your hair needs a little bit of shine, consider adding an almond-based shampoo or conditioner.

Almonds have also been studied for their benefits in lowering your risk of heart disease! If you are dieting, this little nut can help to provide you with a quick snack to curb cravings, as it is high in plant proteins.

The nutrients in almonds have also been proven to help lower blood pressure and your risk for diabetes!

They are also known for their high vitamin E content, their effectiveness at reducing cholesterol levels, and helping with weight loss, as well as being a vegan and lactose food alternative.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B15

Barriers to adoption of digital agriculture in Nebraska

The deadline for advertising in the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

By Guillermo Balboa - Nutrient Management Specialist, Joe Luck - Extension Precision Agriculture Engineer, Laila Puntel - Extension Soil Fertility and Precision Ag Specialist, Pablo Paccioretti - Post doctoral associate This CropWatch article is part of the digital agriculture series (DA), “How Digital is Agriculture in Nebraska?” If you missed our first articles, you can check them on the links provided at the end of this article.

The Digital Farming Lab, led by Dr. Guillermo Balboa, conducted a statewide survey to assess the status of DA in Nebraska. For more resources about DA in Nebraska, visit our UNL Digital Agriculture website, which aims to centralize all UNL efforts in teaching, research and extension on digital afgriculture.

We want to start by refreshing the concept of digital agriculture. Digital agriculture (DA) can be defined as the use of new technologies, combining multiple data sources and advanced analytical methods, and integrating systems that allow farmers and stakeholders of the agricultural value chain to improve the food production system. Digital agriculture includes the Internet of Things (IoT), precision agriculture, blockchain, big data, digital platforms and artificial intelligence.

The first article in the series introduced the survey, defined digital agriculture and how farmers perceive it, and summarized 10 facts about DA in Nebraska (10 facts flyer). Our second article highlighted the level of adoption of 33 different technologies in the state of Nebraska. This third article presents the barriers identified for the adoption of DA tools.

Farmers were asked about different levels of barriers to the adoption of digital agriculture. They categorized them as no barriers, moderate barriers, high barriers or just not sure category (Figure 1). The ranking combining high and moderate barriers is: Lack of information about digital agriculture value: 75% Lack of qualified labor to manage digital agriculture: 65% Lack of time: 63% CONTINUED ON PAGE B16

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Figure 1. Barriers to adoption of digital agriculture in Nebraska. Numbers below the barrier name combine moderate and high barrier categories. Nebraska, USA.

was followed by a lack of qualified labor to manage DA technologies and a lack of time (63%). The barrier of not having enough field days to be in contact with technology 71 Combest Lane, Plains, Montana 59859 was the only barrier, with less than 50%.

Technology cost, historically associated as Phone (406) 826-5796 a main barrier to adopting DA, ranked six Call for wholesale pricing out of eight.

A recent literature review (Dibbern et al., 2024) shows that barriers to the adoption of DA include farmers’ economic constraints, LIQUID - DRY - ANHYDROUS lack of infrastructure and technological knowledge, “Your Crop the perceived usefulness of Production technology, willingness to Specialist” innovate and risk-taking.

Academic training was included in this review as a Kremlin, MT barrier to adoption.

The barriers identified to the adoption of digital agriculture in Nebraska provided critical input for the University of Nebraska’s current research and extension efforts.

Our patented, dust-free, Stay tuned for our fourth and low salt granular article in the series, briefly calcium-sulfate fertilizer is unlike anything else on describing the top five DA the market. Our specialtools most used in Nebraska ized fertilizer helps crops and their benefits associreach their fullest yield potential by providing ated.

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Overwhelming number of technologies: 60% Number of service providers: 58% Technology cost: 56% Available training: 53% Not enough field days 44% The lack of information about DA value was rated as the highest barrier category. This

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The Montana Cowgirls Association presented their annual $1000 scholarship to Payton Levine of Wolf Creek and a runner-up scholarship of $500 to Kate Wiening of Lewistown, Montana at the State High School Rodeo Finals held in Kalispell on Thursday, June 6, 2024.

Payton graduated from Augusta High School, May of 2024 and is the daughter of Jason and Christi Levine of Wolf Creek, Montana. Payton was the 2023 State champion in Breakaway Roping and back to back State Champion in Barrel Racing, this allowed her to compete at the National High School Rodeo in Rock Spring, Wyoming, July 14 through July 20, 2024 where she won the Barrel Race average, but she was also the Valedictorian of her class and she held a 4.0 all throughout high school and is coming into the college with 24 college credits. Payton will be studying psychology and minoring in anthropology at NMSU in Las Cruces, New Mexico. She will be competing on the rodeo team in barrel racing, breakaway roping and team roping.

Kate Wiening is the daughter of Chase and Amy Wiening of Lewistown, Montana. Kate graduated from James Madison High School, an online program, with a cumulative GPA of 3.6. This afforded her the ability to move around while continuing to participate for Montana High School Rodeo. Kate competed in Pole Bending, Light Rifle, Cutting and qualified for National High School rodeo all 4 years, including Rock Spring, Wyoming, July 14 through July 20, 2024 in Reined Cow Horse where she was 4th in the average. Kate was a member of Gallatin County 4-H in the horse and sheep programs. Shewas the National Anthem singer for MSU athletics; MSU Spring Rodeo 2018 to 2022. Kate is attending New Mexico State University in Las Cruces, New Mexico studying Animal Science and will also be on the NMSU Rodeo Team.

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We received this photo from a reader wondering if anyone knew what this is. It is metal (probably cast iron). He found it in a pasture on his farm/ranch. If you have any suggestions what this could have been used for let us know by emailing us at info@tradersdispatch.com. We will publish your ideas in the March issue.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B19

2025 MATE Show and Home & Health Expo Montana’s largest agricultural trade show is back! The Montana Agri-Trade Exposition (MATE) and Home & Health Expo will take place February 20-22 at MetraPark in Billings. Since 1976 this show has drawn farmers and ranchers from throughout the region, to see, hear and learn about the latest in agricultural practices – just in time for the busy spring season.

The MATE features implement dealers showing the latest models of equipment, seed companies with new varieties, animal health companies with products designed to optimize cattle productivity and more. Attendees are able to test new equipment, investigate new technologies, and learn the best practices to take back to the farm or ranch to improve their bottom line.

Show Dates and Hours: February 20 - Thursday, 10 a.m. - 6 p.m.

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1099 tax forms for ag producers

By Shannon Sand, UNL Farmers and ranchers regularly pay for services from individuals who are not their fulltime employees. Typical compensation includes wages or other payments to selfemployed workers and contractors, and rent paid to landowners. Under IRS regulations, a 1099 form should be issued to certain non-employees who perform services and are paid over $600 in a calendar year.

Reporting this information to the IRS helps ensure the receiver pays appropriate taxes on the income. This requirement can be broken down into three elements: (1) $600 or more paid during the calendar year; (2) to someone who is an individual, LLC, partnership, or trust; and (3) for services.

These forms are sent early in the calendar year, so recipients have adequate time for tax preparation. For additional information about this topic and more you can go to cap.unl.edu

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Charlo rancher wins YF&R Discussion Meet, takes home a Polaris Ranger

Nick Courville, a rancher from Charlo, topped three other competitors to win the Montana Farm Bureau Young Farmer and Rancher Discussion Meet. He received the keys to a Polaris Ranger® and will be eligible to compete in the national competition which will be held during the American Farm Bureau Convention in January in San Antonio.

The three other contestants were John Walker from Nashua, Tienna Canen from Circle and Jeremiah Peterson from Bozeman. The Final Four competition of the Discussion Meet was held November 19 during the 105th Montana Farm Bureau Annual Convention at the Northern and DoubleTree Hotels in downtown Billings.

The Discussion Meet, which is open to Farm Bureau members ages 18-35, is meant to simulate a committee meeting with ideas discussed and solutions developed. The question for the final round: Succession planning is often a tough subject not only for individual farms and ranches but also within county Farm Bureaus. Some younger members may find it challenging to become involved in their county Farm Bureau beyond the YF&R committee. What are some ways that county Farm Bureaus can encourage involvement from young members and how can actively engaged young board members help their county Farm Bureaus plan for the future?

Courville serves as chair the MFBF Young Farmer & Rancher Committee, raises beef cattle and horses with his wife on their ranch in Charlo, and serves as a CHS animal nutrition consultant.

“To put in the time and effort for the Discussion Meet and coming away with the Polaris is fantastic,” said Courville.

“You always learn so much when preparing for the Discussion Meet and it’s wonderful to develop solutions to the question posed to us with other young farmers and ranchers.

We are all very passionate about agriculture.”

The young rancher added, “Our young farmers and ranchers are honored that Polaris has partnered with Montana Farm Bureau for the past 10 years to offer this prize as a great incentive.”

As for plans with the Ranger, Courville said as soon as he hauls it back to the ranch, he will, “Put my dog kennels and dogs in the back and head out to gather cows and see what it can do.”

Cady Brown, a student at UM-Western, won the Collegiate Discussion Meet which was held November 20 during the MFBF Convention. The four other contestants were April Ramthun, UM-Western, Hattie Bumgarner, Miles Community College, and Raegan Nansel and James Malchow, Montana State University. Brown receives an all-expense-paid trip to compete during the American Farm Bureau FUSION Conference in March in Denver.

Thanks to these participating Polaris dealers for supporting our Young Farmers and Ranchers: Beaverhead Motorsports – Dillon; Pure Bliss Cycle – Conrad; Basecamp Gallatin – Bozeman; Basecamp Billings – Billings; Helena Cycle Center – Helena; Kurt’s Polaris – Seeley Lake; Lewistown Honda & Polaris, Lewistown; Redline Sports, Inc – Butte; Riverside Marine & Cycle – Miles City; Russell Motorsport – Missoula; Sports City Cyclery – Great Falls.

For more information on the MFBF YF&R Committee, the YF&R Discussion Meet and more, visit mfbf.org or contact Sue Ann Streufert, sueanns@mfbf.org.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B21

Finetuning fertilizers to boost crop yields

By Greg Basky, Light Source, CA ture more efficient zinc-enriched fertilizers.

Worldwide, many agricultural soils are The HXMA beamline at CLS enabled the deficient in the nutrient zinc – despite the researchers to examine at the molecular fact that farmers use fertilizers enriched level what happens to the water solubilwith the element. This limits crop yields ity of zinc (its ability to dissolve in water) and reduces food quality. It’s estimated that when it’s added to ammonium phosphate roughly a third of the global population confertilizer. sume foods low in zinc, which can increase “Going in to the project, our group sickness and death in early childhood, as thought the type of zinc compound would be well as impaired growth and cognition. a good predictor of a fertilizer’s solubility” Using the Canadian Light Source (CLS) says Rodrigo da Silva, from the University at the University of Saskatchewan (USask), of Adelaide. “However, the CLS beamline researchers from the University of Adelaide in Australia investigated how to manufacCONTINUED ON PAGE B22

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2016 Cat 299D 2 speed, 2500 hours................................$52,500

2008 Bobcat MT55 mini skid steer, 1000 hours, bucket and forks.................................$12,500

2012 Cat CS56 84” smooth drum roller, cab, heat/AC, 3500 hours... .........................For Sale or Rent

2008 Wabash 28-ft. S/A Van trailer ..................................$3950

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B22

Finetuning fertilizers to boost crop yields

Our website is new and improved!

Check it out at:

www.tradersdispatch.com

CONTINUED FROM PAGE B21

enabled us to understand that the agronomic performance cannot be predicted based on what form of zinc is present in the fertilizer granules. Instead, the pH drives the fertilizer zinc solubility and availability to the crops.”

Dr. da Silva and colleagues found that when zinc is added to phosphate fertilizer, it forms a range of different zinc phosphate compounds. However, its solubility was not related to the relative abundance of these compounds, but to fertilizer pH. This means that zinc added to more alkaline phosphate fertilizers such as diammonium phosphate will have very low solubility and hence low agronomic effectiveness for crop uptake.

The University of Adelaide team found that lowering fertilizer pH by spraying the granules with an acid solution further increases the solubility and availability of zinc compared to current commercial products. The researchers also showed an additional method to increase Zn water solubility by putting a barrier coating on fertilizer granules, to separate the zinc from the phosphate. They showed that there was more uptake of zinc by plants treated with the barrier-coating fertilizer.

The Mosaic Company, which funded this research, has already patented both of these new technologies in conjunction with the University of Adelaide’s Fertilizer Technology Research Centre. Mosaic is the world’s leading producer of concentrated phosphate and potash. The findings are published in the Soil Science Society of America Journal.

“It is crucial to improve zinc fertilization practices, to maximize yields and produce more nutritional food,” says da Silva. “This research can help the industry produce more efficient fertilizers.”

HAY FOR SALE HAILED OUT WINTER WHEAT ROUND BALES LOW NITRATES AND LOTS OF GRAIN & GREEN

Cut your feed costs and replace cake this winter.

$90/ton $100/TON Located 20 Miles East of Conrad

CALL NOW

Death Customs

(406) 788-5260 (406) 781-2152 (406) 788-2974

The Navajo feared being haunted by the dead, so the body was burned and the deceased’s house was destroyed. On the way back from the funeral, relatives took a long, circuitous route to confuse the spirit into not following them.

2380 US Highway 89 Fairfield, MT

800-572-4769

treasure@3rivers.net

Your Seed Source for 45 years

BARLEY:

for Sales please call Chad Becker

ABI-Voyager, ABI Eagle, Moravian 165, Bill Coors 100 (contract varieties available here), AAC Synergy, Hockett, AC Metcalfe, Haymaker, Stockford and MT Cowgirl

SPRING WHEAT:

WB9724CLP*, WB9879CLP*, WB9668, Dagmar, Fortuna, Hammer Ax and others *(PVP) Varieties CLP - Clearfield Plus

DURUM:

SNR Valier

PULSE CROPS:

Forage Peas, Lentils, 4152, 4193 & Early Star Yellow Peas

FORAGE BLEND

Custom blended or stock blend of 1/3 hay barley, 1/3 forage peas, and 1/3 oats

ALFALFA:

Alforex varieties: Rugged and AFX 457, AFX 439; Magnum 7, Magnum 7 wet, L-442RR, Resolute ST, HayPro, Big Sky Ladak, and others

• Pasture Mixes • Turf Mixes • Custom Mixes NRCS & CRP Mixes • Grasses • Alfalfa • Sainfoin • Wheatgrasses We will blend to your specifications. Please contact us to discuss your seed needs.

For Alforex products and BASF Clearfield Wheats

Custom cleaning and treating with

www.treasurestateseed.com

WestBred®, Improving Nature’s Grains and the Wheat design are trademarks of Monsanto Technology, LLC.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page B23

Skidsteer Snow Buckets

AG & STEEL SUPPLY

Constructed with 3/16” plate

100-1,000-gal Good Used Fuel Tanks

We are now a

Fiberglass Water Tanks NOW IN STOCK

CATTLE HANDLING & LIVESTOCK EQUIPMENT

Single & Double Drinkers Available

10-b Round

with all new material. CaZle guard kits available.

T-Rex Post Driver

Calf Shelters 8-ft x 23-ft

10 FREE Brace Rails w/ Purchase

Portable Windbreaks

less hay! Single/Double/Triple bale opaons available

Mineral Feeder

13-b

FENCING

POSTS

GATES

Constructed with 12 & 14-ga 1.66 OD tubing Rubber Tire Water Tank

Portable Panels Constructed with 12 & 14-ga 1.66” OD tubing 10-A heavy portable panels, 12-A standard portable panels (will latch to Winkel panels)

ConDnuous Fence

6-rail 1.25” 14-ga 20-A long 6-rail 1.66” 14-ga 20-A long

Used Guardrail

2-rail & 3-rail + Galvanized guardrail IBeam Posts 9-A

9.5-A brace rail with hardware $42 | Wire gate latches for 2-7/8 posts $23

Portable Buildings

NEW Portable Panel Design

Pallet Forks

Bale Spears

Box Scraper

MISCELLANEOUS

1”x1.5” rectangular tubing | 13ga | 7-rail | 130-lb | 68” tall x 10’8” long | chain latch | $208

SuperSteel / Steel Decking

36”x24’ 22-ga Prime galvanized SuperSteel | Great for windbreaks, corrals, etc.

Knipex Tools

Various sizes up to 200,000-lb breaking strength

BATTERIES - Stocking 1/2-Ton

Pickup thru Heavy Equipment BaZeries

Powder-actuated tool! Gun will shoot nails into 2-7/8 drill stem. Great for pucng up steel Gopher Bait & Mouse Poison + Bait Boxes windbreak!

BOLTS Grade 5 & Grade 8 | Metric bolt assortment with 72-hole bin $750

Heavy Duty Cable 1-3/8”

Tow Ropes

CEE & ZEE PURLIN

Shipping Used as structural Container: framework in buildings 40-A High due to its lightweight Cube Used and economical properaes

Buckhorn Centerflow Seed Box

Diablo Metal & Wood Cuhng Saw Blades

A lot more steel…too much to list…call us for details!

CALL US FOR ALL YOUR STEEL NEEDS! Pipe, Tubing (Round and Square) & Angle Iron

Round Tubing 1.25” 14-ga 1.66” 14-ga 5-in Galvanized Octagon Tubing 39-A lengths

Rectangular Tubing 0.75x1.25x11 ga 20-A lengths

Pipe can be cut to length.

Bolt Together Fence Brace

20-A (New & Used) 40-A (Used High Cube)

Pipe Caps in various sizes

2-7/8” x 6-A 2-7/8” x 8-A 2-7/8” x 10-A 5-in galvanized octagon 9’9” posts

10-A bow gates $360 12-A bow gates $417 Corral Gates: 6-bar 8-A $190 10-A $200 12-A $220 14-A $240 16-A $260

ATTACHMENTS

Shipping Containers

Fork Mount: $2,750 Center Mount: $3,400 Side Mount: $4,200

Portable Loading Chute

Feedbunks 20-A x 38-in x 12-in | constructed with 1—ga & heavy tube legs | Other sizes and boZomless available

Secondary Square Tubing – Various sizes available

Classic

Portable Panel Trailer $2,780

Heavy-Duty Hay feeders – Designed to waste

POST DRIVERS Redi Driver

Montana Post Driver

Ca`le Guards Constructed

February 2025

UTV Cattle Guards w/ overhead - EZ installation! $900

Reduce hay waste, improves overall health, best slow feed hay nets on the market!

5x12 & 7x12

Free Standing Panels IN STOCK NOW!

Threaded & Coupled 21-ft lengths Bundled price: $0.73/ft, $1.10/ft & $1.48/ft

406.390.1110

INSULATED

7x20-b Rectangular

3/4”, 1” & 1-1/4” SCH 40 BLACK Pipe

Surplus Angle Iron 2x2x.120 & 2x3x.250 20-A lengths

Hedman, Inc. | 62 Hedman Drive | Grass Range, MT 59032 | 406.390.1110

Fiberglass Sucker Rod 1.25” | 37-ft Skidsteer Plates: $178 Bale Spears: $85 2”X27’ Ratchet Strap: $14 5/16” Grade 70 Transport Chain: 20’ $47 3/89” Grade 70 Transport Chain: 20’ $63 Lever Chain Binders 5/16-3/8”: $28.50 Ratchet Chain Binders 5/16-3/8”: $35 ESAB Wire Flux Core .045 $5.90/lb Steel Work Bench 6-b $395

Semi load quanDDes of used 2-3/8, 2-7/8 and 3.5” pipe available!

*Prices Subject to Change

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 – Page B24

WE SELL NEW & USED • Tubing • Pipe • Angle Iron • Plate

For Non Potable Water Storage

Call Jim Filipowicz 1 800-334-5964

HOPPER BOTTOM CARS

(406) 761-4848

RAILROAD FLAT CARS For Bridges

TANK CARS

Great for grain storage

Fax (406) 791-6708

Sand & Slag Abrasives • Stainless Steel Sheets

Overseas Containers For Sale 20-ft., 40-ft. & 45-ft.

• Flat Bar • Pipe Overseas Flats - 8’x40’ Great for bridges

Square Tubing • Round Bar

Buying

Automotive & Heavy Industrial Batteries

Used Guard Rail IN STOCK

Used Drill Pipe 23/8”, 27/8”, 31/2”, 4” & 41/2”

Used dough mixers

NEW STEEL plate

USEABLE SALVAGE DIVISION • Limited Quantities

NEW Rebar

Round Tubing Great for corrals 11/4”, 11/2” & 17/8 O.D.

20-ft. & 24-ft. lengths

Chicago Heights Steel Fence Posts – All made in America

51/2’ & 6’ T1.33#

] Sucker Rod Hangers ]

12.5 ga. 2 point Barbed Wire - American Made

& beams IN STOCK Call Adam, Joe, or Ty

Used Electric Motors & Boxes

3/8” & 1/2” - 20-ft. lengths

NEW! SURPLUS ROUND TUBING Great for corrals

$3

00 each

Used 5-ft. Guard Rail Posts

CATTLE GUARDS

GALVANIZED STEEL GUARDRAIL POSTS $13.50/ea.

New 12” - 48” Steel Culvert

5” channel construction on bottom with 3” channel on top 10-, 12-, 14- & 16-ft. available

New 12” - 30” Poly Culvert

Round steel post caps 3 1/ 2” & 2 7/ 8”

16.5 CAL tie wire

USED SUCKER ROD: 3/4”, 7/8” and 1” 25-ft. lengths

Leather Gloves In Stock

NEW 20-ft. Containers

20-ft. & 24-ft. lengths

11/4”, 11/2” & 17/8 O.D.

Call for pricing

Steel Department & Salvage Yard Monday-Friday 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

8:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Saturday

✗✗✗ Fencing Supplies ✗✗✗

• Angle

6” New A53B well casing, 20-ft. lengths....

After Hours (406) 791-6712

BLACK PIPE

LAND ROLLER PIPE 42”, & 60” Heavy Wall

We Buy Old Farm Tractors & Combines FOR SCRAP

Various sizes available – CALL

#1 Used Railroad ties $2600 each

#2 Railroad ties - $1800 each

12” Standard Galvanized Guard Rails

13-ft. 6” and 26-ft. Lengths Available 20” Triple rib galvanized x 13-ft. 6”

WE BUY COPPER • BRASS • ALUMINUM • IRON TRADE SCRAP FOR CASH OR NEW MATERIAL

NEW STEEL, SALVAGE, AND RECYCLING ALL IN ONE LOCATION

GREAT FALLS 1408 52nd Street North • Great Falls, MT 59405 (406) 761-4848 • 1-800-334-5964

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C1

The Family Tradition Continues...

Congratulations to Tanner Bleskin on being inducted to the Montana State Football Hall of Fame!

65 YEARS OF SERVING THE GREAT FALLS COMMUNITY and BEYOND!

AUTO SALES

3456 10th Ave S

3314 10th Ave S

GREAT FALLS, MT

406-453-0112 • www.PetesGreatFalls.com • 406-761-4090

MSU Football photo

2017 GMC SIERRA blowout price 2500 HD, Double Cab, Long Box, $25,995 104K Miles

2013 FORD F150 blowout Ext. Cab, 4x4, price Only 74K Miles, $18,995 Very Clean

2020 JEEP GLADIATOR 4x4, Nicely Equipped, 53K Miles

2014 FORD F150 Ext. Cab, 4x4 Look!

2017 FORD blowout F150 XLT price 4WD, Crew Cab, $23,995 Long Box

2014 FORD F150 blowout Ext. Cab, price long box, 2WD, 15K Actual Miles $19,995

2015 blowout CHEVROLET 1500 price Double cab, 2WD, 38k Actual Miles $20,995

2017 CHEVROLET 2500 Crew, SB, 84K Miles, Priced Right

was: $26,995

blowout price

$18,995

was: $19,995

was: $19,995

was: $24,995

2015 FORD F350 blowout Reg. Cab, Stake price Bed, 41K Miles, $26,995 Like New was: $27,995

was: $21,995

2016 RAM 2500 blowout price POWERWAGON, Crew, 6.4L Hemi, $29,995 Winch, Locking Diff

2021 DODGE RAM blowout 1500 Crew, price Classic, 4x4, $34,995 Warlock Package

2015 FORD F250 Reg. Cab, 2WD, 28K Actual Miles

2020 DODGE RAM 3500 Crew, LB, 6.4L

was: $30,995

blowout price

$26,995

was: $27,995

$32,995 was: $33,995

was: $21,995

blowout price

$31,995

was: $32,995

was: $35,995

blowout price

$39,995

was: $40,995

blowout 2019 NISSAN price FRONTIER SPORT Crew Cab, 2WD, $22,995 40k miles

blowout price

2021 CHEVROLET blowout COLORADO 4X4 price Ext. Cab, Tonneau $26,995 Cover, 67K miles, Very Nice was: $27,995

2019 CHEVROLET 1500 SILVERADO Crew, 4x4

blowout price

$31,995

was: $32,995

2018 FORD F150 blowout EC, 4x4, price 88K Miles, $23,995 Bargain

2015 FORD 150 SuperCrew, 4x4, 66K Actual Miles

was: $24,995

was: $24,995

2017 RAM 2500 blowout POWER WAGON price 6.4 Hemi, Winch, $33,995 Locking Diff., 70K Miles was: $34,995

2021 blowout CHEVROLET price 2500 Z71 $39,995 Crew, Short Box

2016 FORD blowout F150 price Ext. Cab, LB, $24,995 4x4, 70K Miles, Mint!

2021 GMC blowout SIERRA 2500 price Double Cab, 6.6 V8, $42,995 X31 Offroad Pkg, 81K Miles

2019 FORD blowout F150 SPORT price 80K Miles, 4WD $29,995

2012 FORD F450 blowout Crew, Dually, 4x4, price Power Stroke, $40,995 34K Actual Miles, Rare Find

2017 DODGE blowout RAM 2500 price Crew, 4x4 $31,995 LB, 104K Miles

was: $40,995

was: $30,995

2017 DODGE RAM 2500 Crew, SB, 75K Miles

blowout price

$34,995

blowout price

$23,995

was: $25,995

was: $41,995

2022 DODGE blowout RAM 1500 price Crew, Laramie, $45,995 4x4, 30K Miles

was: $43,995

was: $32,995

blowout

2022 FORD F150 price XLT XTR Crew, Long Box, $44,995 ONLY 20K Miles!

was: $35,995

was: $46,995

2014 blowout CHEVROLET price 2500 $30,995 SILVERADO Crew, LB, 4x4

2019 FORD blowout F150 XLT price Extended Cab, $24,995 4x4 was: $25,995

was: $28,995

2023 JEEP COMPASS TRAILHAWK 4x4, 28K MIles SALE was: $32,995 $31,995

2018 CHEVROLET COLORADO 21K Actual Miles, MINT SALE was: $27,995 $24,995

2017 CHEVROLET EQUINOX LT AWD, Heated Seats, 79K Miles SALE was: $16,995 $15,995

was: $31,995

was: $45,995

2019 FORD F150 XLT 4X4

blowout price

$27,995

2024 GMC Terrain 16k Miles, Heated Seats, Great Looking Ride!

SALE was: $31,995 $32,995

2011 JEEP GRAND CHEROKEE 76K Miles, 4x4

2021 JEEP COMPASS LATITUDE 65K Miles SALE was: $22,995 $21,995

2019 CHEVROLET EQUINOX AWD, Bargain SALE was: $19,995 $16,995

2020 JEEP CHEROKEE 91K Miles SALE was: $19,995 $18,995

2021 FORD ESCAPE TITANIUM AWD, Only 39K Miles, LOADED SALE was: $30,995 $29,995

2020 MITSUBISHI OUTLANDER AWD, 40K Actual Miles SALE was: $25,995 $22,995

2012 FORD F350 FLATBED 4x4, Dually, 117K Miles SALE was: $31,900 $32,995

2023 FORD EDGE SEL LOADED Heated Leather Seats, 25K Miles SALE was: $28,995 $27,995

2007 FORD E150 Handicap Van, Only 39K Miles, Steal SALE was: $14,995 $17,995

2013 FORD F250 REG. CAB Utility Box, 2WD, 26K Actual Miles SALE was: $26,995 $27,995

2023 JEEP RENEGADE LATITUDE 22k Miles, Why Buy New? SALE was: $23,995 $24,995

2020 CHEVROLET TRAVERSE AWD, Must See! was: $32,995

SALE $29,995

2020 KIA SORENTO L AWD, Only 28K Miles, Swipe It! SALE was: $30,995 $28,995

2013 CHEVOLET EQUINOX LT Great Condition, 97K Miles SALE was: $14,995 $15,995

2016 DODGE GRAND CARAVAN Stow and Go Seating, Only 78k Miles was: SALE $15,995 $14,995

2014 FORD F150 4X4 Extended Cab, 31K Actual Miles SALE was: $23,995 $22,995

2021 CHEVROLET BLAZER LT, AWD, Great Shape! 71K Miles SALE was: $24,995 $23,995

2014 CHEVROLET G1500 Passenger Van, 19K Actual Miles, Must See! SALE was: $25,995 $24,995

2021 GMC SIERRA 1500 4X4 Double Cab, Flex tailgate, Custom Wheels, Must See SALE was: $37,995 $36,995

2019 FORD ECOSPORT AWD Loaded Titanium, 59K miles, Great Gas Mileage SALE was: $19,995 $20,995

2021 HYUNDAI ACCENT SE Great Condition, Low Miles - 32K SALE was: $20,995 $19,995

2021 DODGE CHARGER SXT 57K Miles SALE was: $28,995 $29,995

2023 HYUNDAI KONA SE 4x4, 29K Miles SALE was: $23,995 $24,995

2014 FORD EXPEDITION Low Miles, 78K Miles, 4WD SALE was: $22,995 $19,900

2021 HYUNDAI TUCSON SEL AWD, 39K Miles SALE was: $27,995 $26,995

was: $23,995

WAS

was: $17,995

NEW YEAR SPECIAL 2009 CHEVROLET COLORADO $6995............ $5995 2006 PONTIAC GRAND PRIX $6995............. $4800 2014 FORD EXPEDITION, 83K 4X4, HAIL $16995....... $14,500 2013 FORD ESCAPE 4X4, 88K $17,995....... $16,995 2014 FORD ESCAPE, 4X4, 97K $15,995....... $13,700 2005 CADILLAC SRX, FANCY $8995............. $4900

SALE $16,995

WAS

NEW YEAR SPECIAL 2013 FORD F150 EC 4X4 $18,995.$16,500 2014 FORD F150 EC 4X4 $19,995.$17,500 2014 CHEVROLET 1500 EC 4X4 $12,995............$9900 2016 JEEP CHEROKEE 4X4 76K $16,995.........$14,900 2015 JEEP GR. CHEROKEE 4X4 $16,995........$14,500 2018 FORD FOCUS SE, 27K $17,995...... $15,500

WAS

NEW YEAR SPECIAL 2021 CHEVROLET SPARK, 49K $17,995...... $15,900 2016 FORD FOCUS, 52K $15,995...... $12,800 2011 CHEVROLET COLORADO 4X4 $12,995.........$10,800 2016 CHRYSLER 200, 37K $20,995........$18,900 2010 CHEVROLET HHR SPORT, 34K $13,995........$12,500 2016 FORD C-MAX SE, 69K $16,995........$14,700

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C2

Family Owned & Operated in Montana for over 50 Years!

• Verified subscribers in 8 Central/Western States • No out-sourcing of ad creation and design • Sales & Circulation departments located in MT Call today to place an ad or to subscribe!

Office - (406) 271-5533

FARM EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

John Deere 536D header, triple delivery and double knife drive, will fit W235 and W260 John Deere windrowers.....................$46,500

2013 New Holland 8040 with 30-ft. draper header, double knife drive, header transport, leather seats, 490 engine hours........$72,500

2014 Massey-Ferguson 9740 with 35-ft. header, premium air ride cab, GPS...$66,500 2010 Case IH 1203 805 engine hours, nice shape, sold with no header................$46,500

2014 Case IH DH363, 35-ft. draper header for Case IH swathers, like new..........$26,500

2021 John Deere 260 swather with 16-ft.

500R header, 1051/745 hours, fully serviced, field ready........................................$135,000 2014 Case IH 1203 Series II with 35-ft. draper, 7905 engine hours, 580 header hours, header transport, Trimble GPS, 700 display.. ..........................................................$73,500

2023 Case IH 1505 1390 hours with 14-ft. header...............................................$82,500

2014 Case IH 1203 with 30-ft. header transport, double knife drive, 735 hours....$78,500

2010 New Holland 8040 with 30-ft. triple delivery header, 1420 hours..................$56,500

2012 Case IH 1203 with 30-ft. header, 665 hours, header transport, fully serviced........... ..........................................................$67,500

Call Tom 406-799-8323

2018 Massey-Ferguson 9246 with dual conditioners.............................................$22,500

Financing & Delivery Available.

Fairfield, Montana

Rainy Day Funds critical

By Jessica Groskopf, UNL ag economist The first week of November, the Center for Ag Profitability at the University of Nebraska – Lincoln and Nebraska Extension celebrated “Ag Smart Money Week.” Throughout the week, we held several webinars and workshops. In preparation for the week, I was reminded how often Americans don’t have a rainy-day fund. According to the Federal Reserve, one-third of Americans cannot cover a $400 emergency with cash, savings, or a credit card paid off in full the following month. Could you?

Rainy-day funds, commonly called “emergency funds” by financial experts, are critical to your financial success.

While most financial advice works for folks with a 9 to5 job, I think there are some specific things to consider as a farmer or rancher I wholeheartedly agree with personal finance experts that building an emergency fund should happen before paying down debt or participating in long-term investing. An emergency fund allows you to handle unexpected expenses without taking on additional debt or withdrawing from accounts that may trigger additional taxes or penalties.

There is some debate about how much families should have set aside. Some experts recommend starting with $1,000, while others advise having 3-6 months of living expenses. Even a small amount of savings can be helpful in a time of need. Given the unpredictable nature of cash flow in farming and ranching, I recommend aiming for 3 to 6 months’ worth of living expenses for farm and ranch families.

Place these funds in a separate, yet accessible account. It can be tempting to leave these funds in your everyday bank account. However, to help decrease the likelihood of spending these funds on non-emergencies, consider putting them in a separate money market, or high-yield savings account.

These accounts not only provide separation but also earn a higher interest rate while allowing funds to be withdrawn quickly.

Building an emergency fund can take a lot of time. Many experts recommend automating transfers to this account until you have met your savings goal. Automated contributions may be difficult without a steady stream of income.

However, it is still important to transfer these funds when they are available.

Finally, not enough financial experts are talking about rebuilding your emergency fund. If you withdraw funds from this account, your top priority should once again be rebuilding this cushion.

Building an emergency fund is critical for farmers and ranchers to protect themselves from unexpected financial challenges. By taking these steps, you’ll be better equipped to weather the literal and financial storms that come your way.

Special needs for old cows

By Lisa Moser, K-State Research and Extension news service While a young person who turns 10 is considered an adolescent, cows at that age are considered old, according to the experts at the Kansas State University’s Beef Cattle Institute.

Speaking on a recent Cattle Chat podcast, K-State veterinarian Brian Lubbers and beef cattle nutritionist Phillip Lancaster offered management tips for caring for older cows and factors that should be considered in making a culling decision.

“At some point, a cow’s reproductive ability will wane and at 10 years of age I’m going to be really critical if she does not have a calf every year and get bred on time,” Lubbers said. “Just because she is 10 years old or older, it doesn’t mean she can’t be a productive cow.”

A cow’s metabolism changes as they age, Lancaster said.

“Cows that are 10 years or older have trouble keeping their body condition and their milking ability tends to drop off, so they typically will wean a smaller calf than they have in the past,” Lancaster said.

He added that older cows often require more supplementation.

“Giving them extra feed to maintain body condition isn’t a big expense, but if you are feeding them more to help with their lactation now you are feeding the cow to feed the calf and that isn’t efficient. In that case, you’d be better off just letting her produce a calf with a lower weaning weight and then feed the calf more once it is weaned,” Lancaster said.

As cows age, it is important to check their mouths, Lubbers said.

“It is important to check their teeth as they age because an older cow with no teeth is going to require a lot more care to keep her body condition,” Lubbers said.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C3

CRYSTALYX® Blueprint® 30

Supplement for beef cattle on pasture to improve forage utilization

CRYSTALYX® Blueprint® 30 supplement is designed for self-feeding to grazing beef cattle

• Contains 30% crude protein from vegetable-based ingredients, as well as non-protein nitrogen (NPN) • Designed to be fed to beef cattle on medium- to lower-quality forages to help improve forage utilization • Uniquely fortified with all highly bioavailable organic trace minerals; contains no inorganic trace mineral forms PLEASE NOTE: CRYSTALYX® Brand Supplements deliver a continuous supply of nutrients and are designed to supplement the

animal’s diet. When quantity or quality of other feedstuffs is limited, supplemental nutrients, in addition to those provided by CRYSTALYX® Brand Supplements, may be required. In situations where additional nutrients are needed, contact your feed representative for specific recommendations.

Feeds

Maintain gut health and stability for profitability.

In Crystalyx & Dry Mineral

Bio-Mos® is derived from a specific strain of yeast and helps promote animal performance.

Gastrointestinal (GI) health and integrity are essential for animal performance and Bio-Mos 'feeds the GI tract' and thus plays a critical role in animal nutrition and production.

Taylor’s Farm Store Ben Taylor Valier

Farm Store toll-free 1-888-220-5547 — Local 406-434-5547 Bulk Plant toll-free 1-800-824-8366 — Local 406-434-5546 Chemical Warehouse 406-434-5253 — Store on Highway #2 in Shelby

Call toll-free 1-800-873-0336 — Local 406-873-4433 Highway 2 East, Across from railroad crossing, Cut Bank Bulk Plant toll-free 1-888-878-2812 — Local 406-873-2812

SPECIAL ORDER YOUR TAGS EARLY!

Call toll-free 1-866-279-3360 Store & Bulk Plant 406-279-3365 – Shop 406-279-3693 Cut Bank Highway - Valier - Highway 44 East

Bunk feeders - Gates - Panels - Handling systems

They are taking longer than normal to get in.

See BTI Feeds in Cut Bank for…

CALL TODAY! Order your fall wormers

...A complete line of calving supplies

IN STOCK! Call Us for Prices

Continuous fence that is: Bigger - Stronger - Less Expensive

6-rail—20-ft. x 48”

39% more steel per panel than conventional fence.

Larger, stronger, heavier pipe More attractive

Stur-D Bale Feeders

Diacon-D, Insecto and Dustacide grain protectants B & W and Caldwell aeration systems.

The B & W grain aerator and dryer sucks out moisture and heat. It works in round or flat storage. Aerates grain up to 18-ft. deep and 5,000 bushels at a time. Easily moved from bin to bin. Our Caldwell line features 12” round duct, T’s, Y’s, elbows, 4-way cross, end caps, adapters, fans, accessories.

Grain hoppers — Scoop Shovels.

We make up hydraulic hoses in our Shelby & Valier stores

WOOD PELLETS

10%

DISCOUNT

When you buy pellets by the ton

GRADE 5 & 8 BOLTS, NUTS, WASHERS 1/4” - 3/4”

Milk House & Ceramic Heaters

Solve rodent problems with “Gladiator” Roller chain • Sprockets • Hubs

STEEL & WOOD FENCE POSTS More inventory on the way!

PROPANE Bulk and case

Goulds Jet & Submersible Pump Water Systems Available at Taylor Farm Store

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C4

If you have items you want advertised in the March 2025 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is February 26th.

Build spots for spring 2024 are filled.

Early order for 2025 starting June 2024

Come see a 60-ft. Spyder working on our farm

DBL Sales and Service, LLC

US Dealer for K-Hart Direct Seeding Disc Drills Dave and Brock Linker • 6960 North Coffee Creek Rd, Coffee Creek, MT 59424 Office phone: 406-567-2632 • Cell: 406-350-2266 or 406-350-2886

Platinum Auto Center Big Timber, MT

406-860-8510 web - platinumautocenter.net

Email - platchevy@gmail.com

Sure Trac 81/2 x 25 + 5 gooseneck deckover, 22.5 GVW, 14 ply tires, wide ramps, 2 speed jack. Was $16,395.

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Sure Trac 7 x 17 + 3 Universal ramp, 14K GVW, 3-ft. wide ramps, 12K jack, stake pockets, rub rail. Was $7495.

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Sure Trac 81/2 x 21 + 5 gooseneck deckover, 22.5 GVW, single wheels, wide ramps, 16 ply tires. Was $15,595.

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Sure Trac 81/2 x 27+ 5 gooseneck deckover, 25.9 GVW, 14 ply tires, wide ramps, 2 speed jack. Was $19,995.

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2024 DCT 7 x 16 + 5 equipment tilt, 14k GVW, LED lights, brakes both axles, 12k jack. Was $8095

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Sure Trac 81/2 x 20 + 5 gooseneck deckover, 15K GVW, wide ramps, treated deck, winch mount. Was $11,995.

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2024 Sure Trac 7 x 20 car hauler, 10k GVW, 2-ft. dovetail, brakes both axles, treated deck. Was $5695

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Planning and self-evaluation key to sire selection

For many North Dakota cattle producers, winter and early spring is prime bull-buying season. Considering that a single bull may sire a few to hundreds of calves, depending on an operation’s breeding strategy, the impact of the bull on the genetic basis of the herd cannot be ignored, says Lacey Quail, North Dakota State University Extension livestock management specialist at the North Central Research Extension Center.

Selecting sires that complement a cow herd and contribute to the goals of the operation, both genetically and phenotypically, is of the utmost importance, says Quail. However, the large amount of performance data that is available to buyers can make selection decisions difficult.

Before sale day, Quail recommends buyers take time to consider their priorities and set some goals for their operation. Answering questions related to how calves are marketed and how replacement females are acquired will go a long way in identifying a bull that will benefit the operation.

For example, if a rancher retains replacement heifers, they will likely want to select sires that contribute maternal traits to calves; however, if all male and female calves are marketed, maternal traits will likely be less significant to the operation.

Additionally, producers should consider their production environment and how it may support or limit the genetic potential for any particular trait. For instance, pounds of weaning weight due to milk production is often considered in sire selection. However, milk production requires feed inputs. If the production environment does not support additional milk production, it may be unrealistic to emphasize that trait as significantly in sire selection.

When looking through a sire directory or sale catalog, it is important to know what EPD and ACC stand for. Expected Progeny Difference (EPD) and Accuracy (ACC) are key to understanding which bull may fit the operation. An EPD is a prediction that combines the individual genetic potential of a particular bull and the genetic potential of existing relatives to that bull (such as sire, dam, progeny and siblings).

An EPD can be either positive or negative. For example, a bull with a birth weight EPD of +7 would be expected to sire calves that are 7 pounds heavier, on average, than a bull with birth weight EPD of zero within the same breed. A bull with a birth weight EPD of -5 would be expected to sire calves that are 5 pounds lighter, on average, compared to a bull with a birth weight EPD of zero within the same breed.

Accuracy is a measure of reliability or how likely it is that an EPD may change as more relatives of that bull get added to the system. Simply put, the more data points (relatives) for which there is data, the more certain (accurate) a producer can be that an EPD will not fluctuate as more progeny are added. An EPD with an ACC of 0.9 is expected to change very little (90% accurate), while an EPD with an ACC of 0.7 or below may change more drastically as progeny data are added.

Quail says it is important to note that not every trait is measured in the same units. Weight traits (such as birth weight, weaning weight and yearling weight) are measured in pounds. Scrotal circumference is measured in centimeters.

Rib-eye area is measured in square inches. Calving Ease Direct (CED) is measured as the percentage of unassisted births when mated to 2-year-old heifers. This information, along with other abbreviations, is listed on a breed association’s website and often in sale catalogs.

Take two bulls, for example: one with a CED of 15 and another with a CED of 10. The bull with a CED of 15 is expected to have 5% more unassisted births compared to the bull with a CED of 10 in 2-year-old heifers. Where CED is concerned, a higher value indicates greater calving ease.

Someone selecting a new herd sire is likely to look for a bull that excels in multiple areas, not just one. Considering the number of EPDs they may want to prioritize and the correlations that exist between genetic traits, sire selection can quickly become overwhelming. An economic selection index may be helpful to consider here. A selection index includes multiple individual EPDs and gives an overall economic value associated with those traits as a single dollar value; however, it is important to consider which individual traits are included in an index and if they are important to current goals. Additionally, the individual traits in an index are not weighted equally when calculating an index value, so two bulls may have the same index value while having different values for individual EPDs. Depending on the operation and their goals, a selection CONTINUED ON PAGE C5

Planning and self-evaluation key to sire selection CONTINUED FROM PAGE C4

index may be used as a first criterion to identify sires within a breed that warrant a closer look. Individual EPDs can then be used to fine-tune the selection process to make the most genetic progress toward the operation’s goals. For example, if a preweaning growth index value is high, but upon further investigation, the individual weaning weight EPD is not favorable to the operation’s goals, that bull may not be the best fit. Like EPDs, a selection index should only be used to compare sires within the same breed.

To complement genetic merit, Quail says to evaluate phenotype when buying a bull.

“Conformation, feet and leg structure, muscling and frame are important to the breeding success of a sire,” says Quail.

“These phenotypic traits, along with the udder structure of a bull’s dam, can indicate lasting impacts for your herd.”

The marketability of calves, soundness and performance in the feedyard and the long-term functionality of any females that are produced by a sire are to be seriously considered when it comes time to purchase a new herd sire.

Inevitably, says Quail, there is no one-size-fits-all bull.

Instead, producers should balance their operation’s priorities when it comes to opportunities for income (such as weaning weight, carcass weight, ribeye area and marbling) with opportunities to improve longevity and reduce expense (such as stayability, heifer development/pregnancy, feed efficiency, docility and structure).

Knowing how a herd is currently performing, as well as being realistic about the areas that need improvement will help tremendously in finding a bull to help bridge that gap, concludes Quail.

National Champagne Day

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C5

Advertising Deadline for the March 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be February 26th.

Wednesday BEFORE first Monday of each month.

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(3) Great Dane 28-ft. dry van trailers ranging from 2003 to 2006

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1891 - Treaty of Madrid restricts the use of the name “Champagne.” In an effort to maintain control over the use of their regional name, the French seek to limit the use of the name only to those sparkling wines that are actually produced in the Champagne region of France. This will eventually be affirmed by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919.

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TIBER TRACTOR CO. Phone 406-759-5188

We have all your oil & chemical needs.

Chester, Montana Large Selection of Batteries

Grade 5 Bolts - HUGE SELECTION! 1/4” - 1” diameter, up to 6” long.

We also carry fine thread, some metric and Grade 8 bolts.

Good selection of hub, sprocket and pulleys for 40, 50, 60 chains and pulleys up to 16 inches.

And, we make BATTERY CABLES! 4 ga. up to 2/0. Stop in and see us!

Large selection of welding accessories & rod.

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Come see us for your trailer hitches and balls

1/4”, 3/8” & 1/2” air hose 5/8” water hose

New Honda Replacement Engines IN STOCK 5.5 hp - 27 hp We also have pumps: 4 and 5.5 hp 1”-3” pumps.

132 and 152 gpm water pumps, 220 gpm chemical pump 3” pumps at 275 gpm

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All fittings available - swivel & standard straight fittings.

Hose splicers available as well.

Valves and Spray Fittings in Stock

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C6

If you have items you want advertised in the March 2025 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is February 26th.

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View our entire inventory with pictures at www.reddigequipment.com Buying Your Used Machines EXCAVATORS

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2021 Cat 302.7 300 hours, thumb, coupler, blade..... $42,500 2021 Kubota U35-4 1400 hours, thumb, angle blade, cab, buckets and coupler............................................. $45,000 2017 Hitachi ZX225-6 2 buckets, coupler, thumb, 3300 hours................................................................... $139,000 2017 Case CX160D 5300 hours, auxiliary hydraulics, excellent undercarriage....................................................... $79,000 2014 Komatsu PC55MR-3 3500 hours, open ROPS, hydraulic thumb.................................................................... $38,900 2013 Deere 135G 6000 hours, progressive link thumb, good undercarriage.............................................. Call for price 2013 Cat 314E 7,000 hours, thumb, blade................. $95,000 2011 Deere 50D 8600 hours, cab with air & heat, manual wedge coupler, front angle blade.......................... $39,900 2006 Deere 35D 6700 hours...................................... $29,900 2002 Deere 270CLC........................................Call For Price 1997 Hitachi EX150 LC-5 8800 hours, progressive link thumb.

Great condition..................................................... $52,500 1989 Caterpillar 235 7000 hours, hydraulic thumb. Good old farm excavator............................................. Call for price

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Reddig Equipment is always looking for Trade-ins.

Avoiding prussic acid poisoning in grazing

By Mary Drewnoski, Nebraska Extension Beef Systems Specialist and Daren Redfearn, Nebraska Extension Forage and Crop Residue Specialist Annual forages like sorghum, sorghum x sudangrass, and sudangrass can accumulate nitrates, which should be evaluated before grazing. However, another potential risk is prussic acid poisoning (cyanide), which can be lethal if ingested. Photo by Troy Walz.

Is My Forage Sorghum, Sorghum x Sudangrass, or Sudangrass Safe to Graze?

Annual forages like sorghum, sorghum x -sudangrass, and sudangrass can accumulate nitrates, which should be evaluated before grazing. However, another potential risk is prussic acid poisoning (cyanide), which can be lethal if ingested.

Forage sorghum (also known as cane) and grain sorghum (commonly referred to as milo) pose the greatest risk, with sorghum x -sudangrass having a reduced risk, but still a concern. Sudangrass has the lowest risk of the sorghums, but it is not a negligible risk. Prussic acid poisoning can occur in certain scenarios, such as new growth or following a frost. If these plants are fertilized with high rates of nitrogen fertilizers, the risk of prussic acid increases further. Shoots shorter than 15 to 18 inches are especially dangerous, particularly for the sorghums.

To minimize risk, wait until sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass plants are at least 24 inches tall and sudangrass is at least 18 inches tall before grazing. If you have regrowth in late summer that does not meet these plant height thresholds, you can either wait seven days after a killing frost before grazing or test the plants to assess prussic acid levels.

Frost poses a significant risk because prussic acid forms in plants when cell membranes are damaged by freezing.

This allows chemicals within the plant cells to combine and produce cyanide. After seven days, any cyanide generally dissipates into the air. However, each freeze that does not completely terminate plant growth results in an additional seven-day countdown. A killing frost is typically considered to be around 24°F. However, dense stands may require a longer, sustained cold period to achieve a full termination of growth.

To mitigate this risk, one strategy is to pull cattle off pastures when frost is forecast and then wait seven days after a killing frost before grazing. However, the period between the first frost and a killing frost can sometimes be prolonged, with frost-free intervals where grazing might seem feasible.

During these windows, testing the forage for cyanide can provide valuable information, helping producers determine if it is possible to safely graze before the final killing frost occurs.

Using a Quick Field Test to Assess Prussic Acid Risk Producers looking to assess risk in situations where plant growth is borderline or to confirm safety after a killing frost can perform a simple in-field test for prussic acid. This test screens for the presence of cyanide but does not provide exact concentrations. It can, however, give an indication of potential risk.

To perform the test, you can purchase Cyantesmo paper from CTL Scientific Supply (Item 90604), which can be used for multiple tests and has a shelf life of about two years. You will also need disposable gloves, tape, and ziplock bags.

Alternatively, Ward Labs offers kits that include everything needed for three tests.

How to Perform a Quick Field Test: Collect the forage: Take a large handful of leaves or other plant material that animals will likely consume. Young shoots and leaves are more likely to contain prussic acid than stems. Collect multiple samples from across the field for a representative assessment.

Prepare the sample: Place the forage in a ziplock bag until it’s about half full. Tear the leaves into small pieces, mashing them slightly to increase cell injury.

Attach the test strip: Tape a one-inch strip of Cyantesmo paper to the inside of the bag, near the top, without directly touching the plant material. Always wear gloves when handling the paper.

Moisten the sample: If the sample is dry (little plant juice), add about one tablespoon of water to the bag, just enough to make it damp.

Seal and warm the bag: Seal the bag and place it in a warm location, such as on the sun-warmed hood of a vehicle. The heat will help release any cyanide gas present in the plant material.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C7

Avoiding prussic acid poisoning in grazing

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C7

If you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch, and have found what you were looking for, please tell an advertiser.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C6

Check the test strip: After 10 minutes, check the color of the test strip. If it turns dark blue, the sample is positive for cyanide, indicating a potential risk. If there’s no color change, the sample is negative for cyanide. Some color change indicates some cyanide is present. If only slight color change occurs, wait another 20 minutes and reassess.

Final assessment: After 30 minutes, a sample causing little or no color change in a sufficiently moist environment likely poses minimal risk of prussic acid poisoning.

Safety Tip: Do not breathe the fumes when opening the bag, as cyanide gas is released.

For more details on this process, you can watch a helpful how-to video on quick field tests at https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=Beb1lDlL4BQ

William Boeing When he wasn’t working for his father, a timber and iron barro, Boeing and a friend named Conrad Westervelt built seaplanes as a hobby. In 1916 the pair founded Pacific Aero Products. When the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, the Navy bought 50 of his planes. He never worked for his father again.

Conrad Industrial Park

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Evenings Call: Jordan VanDyke 406-450-3953

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NEW DEWEZE 876 Bale Beds IN STOCK Come check out the new model beds with some nice upgrades!

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20-ft. Reiten Aluminum Grain Box

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C8

We have

wood splitters,

chippers and

This Day in History - February

USED TRACTORS

Zetor Proxima 110 with ZL120 loader, cab, heat, air, 3 rear remotes, good rubber, Power Shuttle trasmission, 110 engine hp, field ready................$52,500 Farmall 504 tractor with Ford HD post pounder....................$5500 Oliver 88 project tractor.........$1000

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Kioti KB2475L used backhoe with subframe and 18” bucket for CK Series tractors, like new...$7000 Ford 5-ft. back blade with tilt/angle/ swivel.................................$650 King Kutter 5-ft. rotary mower........ ...........................................$600 Front Dozer Blade manual adjust.

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Kioti DK5320SEHC tractor with KL5521 loader, cab, heat, A/C, HST transmission, 4WD, 3-pt, PTO........................... 1 in stock Kioti DK4720SEH tractor, KL5521 loader, 4WD, HST transmission, Cat I 3-point, 540 PTO.1 in stock Kioti DK4520 tractor with KL5520 loader, manual transmission, 4WD, 3-pt, PTO...... ON SALE!!!

Kioti CK2620H tractor with KL4030 loader, 66” bucket, HST transmission, 540 PTO, 4WD, Cat I, 3-point....................... 1 in stock Kioti CK3520H tractor with KL4030 loader, 66” bucket, HST transmission, 540 PTO, 4WD, 35 hp, Cat 1, 3 point............. 1 in stock Kioti CS2210H tractor with SL2410 loader........................ 1 in stock Kioti CX2510H tractor with KL2510 loader, 25 hp., 4WD, PTO, Cat I three point................. 1 in stock

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February 10 - France cedes Canada to England, ending the French and Indian War. (1763) • Glenn Miller receives the first-ever gold record for selling a million copies of a song. And the song is…..”The Chattanooga Choo Choo”. (1942) February 11 - Robert Fulton patents the steamboat. (1809) • The Vatican becomes a sovereign nation. (1929) • Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin sign the Yalta Agreement. (1945) February 12 - Women in the Utah Territory win the right to vote. (1870) February 13 - U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall declares that any act of Congress that conflicts with the Constitution is void. (1826) • The American Temperance Society forms in Boston, MA. (1826) • President John Knox Polk becomes the first sitting president to have his photograph taken. (1849) • Jesse James robs his first (of many) banks. (1866) • French authorities arrest Dutch exotic dancer Mata Hari on suspicion of being a German spy. (1947) • The last original “Peanuts” comic strip appears in newspapers one day after the death of Charles M. Schulz, its creator. (2000) February 14 - The Saint Valentine’s Day Massacre occurred. Mobsters, dressed as policemen, gunned down seven members of a rival gang. (1929) • The original film “Dracula” starring Bela Lugosi is released. (1931) • Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly demonstrates the first computer, called the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) computer at the University of Pennsylvania. (1946) • Sugar Ray Robinson becomes the world middleweight champion by defeating Jake LaMotta. (1951) • President Richard M. Nixon installs a secret taping system in the White House. (1971) February 15 - Philosopher Socrates is sentenced to death in Athens for corrupting the minds of the youth in the city.

(399 B.C.) • The Post Office uses adhesive postage stamps for the first time. (1842) • Adolph Hitler announces the construction of the Volkswagen Beetle. (1936) • Asteroid “2012 DA14” at 150 feet across, is the closest approach to Earth of any object its size in history, passing less than 18,000 miles from Earth, within the orbit of geostationary satellites. (2013) February 16 - Pope Gregory the Great declares “God Bless You” is the proper response to a sneeze. (600) • Benevolent and Protective Order of the Elks is formed.

(1868) • The “Ladies Home Journal” is first published. (1883) • Nylon is patented. But it won’t become popular for a few more decades. (1937) • NBC TV begins its first nightly newscast. (1948) February 17 - Myles Standish is elected the first commander of Plymouth Colony. (1621) • President James Madison signs the Treaty of Ghent, ending the War of 1812. (1815) February 18 - Jefferson Davis is inaugurated as President of the Confederate States of America. (1861) • Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is published. (1885) • A ninth planet is discovered in the solar system and is named Pluto. The discoverer is Clyde Tombaugh. Note: To the dismay of many, in 2006, scientists reclassified Pluto as a “dwarf planet”. (1930) • A prize is inserted into a Crackerjacks box for the first time. (1913) • Snow falls in the Sahara Desert. (1979) February 19 - Thomas Edison is granted a patent for his Gramophone (Phonograph). (1878) • Prizes begin to be inserted into Cracker Jack boxes.

(1913) • Mister Rogers Neighborhood debuts on television.

(1968) February 20 - Congress bans dueling in the District of Columbia. (1869) • Golfers in South Carolina are arrested for violating the Sabbath. (1927) • Batman and Robin comic strip premieres in newspapers.

(1944) • John Glenn becomes the first U.S. astronaut to orbit the Earth. (1962)

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C9

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Wear ProtectionWear Protection Carbide Carbide 2 Main Front Heavy Duty 2 Main Front Carbides C-Shank Opener For Wear Carbides For WearProtection Protection

Spread points available. See all @ vwmfgusa.com Spread points also available.

See allalso @ vwmfgusa.com

VW14FB

Testimonial: "More durable,

Spread points also available. See all @ vwmfgusa.com far longer life than OEM"

VW has full carbide along the wearWear edgeProtection for 3X+ Carbide more life than non carbide.

Flexi has no carbideVWJD1870PR along wear edge.

VWJD1870PR

Heavy Duty -Shank Opener

Wear Protection Carbide

2 Main Front Carbides For Wear Protection

VW21DSF-5

Heavy Duty have something that you’re Testimonial: C-Shank Opener Why not Oversized Carbide "More durable, going to get 3X+ more For Extra Side Wear wear. longerfor lifefree!! than OEM" Like Protection gettingfar 2 more Wear Protection Carbide

Full Length,far Side Wearlife than OEM" longer Protection Carbides (Both Sides)

Wear Protection Carbide

Oversized Carbide Large 3/4" Opening For Extra Side Wear For No Plugging Protection

Oversized Carbide For Extra Side Wear Full Length, Side Wear Protection 3 1/4” OD paired row spread Protection Carbides (Both Sides) Paired row for JD1870. See all @ vwmfgusa.com

Use with VW7CC and VW21DSF-4 or 5 to double shoot or VW21SB to side band. Also use with VW10FC-VW11FC-VW12FC-VW13FC. Very popular – Single shoot or double shoot. See all @ vwmfgusa.com

Attention:

Testimonial:

Preinstalled Bushings

VWJD1890 Seed Boot

"At least longer wear Paired row for JD1870.

See allshoot @3X vwmfgusa.com double shoot or VW21SB Use with VW7CC and VW21DSF-4 or 5 to double or VW21SB than John Deere"

roduct p r u o y t e g o t w Call no the r fo VWJD1890 d VWJD1870SO e r u c e s d n a Boot ordered Seed Testimonial: Testimonial: son. a e s g in r p s g in upcom fast. g in v o m is t c u d Pro better e b l il w s e ic r p t Bes r. sooner than late

Testimonials:

"13 years on 1890 Paired row for JD1870. See all @ vwmfgusa.com seed boots. The

FC-VW12FC-VW13FC. to side band. Also use with VW10FC-VW11FC-VW12FC-VW13FC. Preinstalled Bushings See all @ vwmfgusa.com Very popular – Single shoot or double shoot. See all @ vwmfgusa.com Wear Protection Carbides

"At least 3X longer wear than John Deere"

Wear Protection Carbides

Fits John Deere 1870 – Single shoot offset. See all @ vwmfgusa.com

otection Carbides

VWJD1890 Seed Boot Testimonials:

"At least 3X longer wear "13 years on 1890 seed boots. The than John Deere" carbides have almost no wear"

Side Wear Protection Carbides (Both Sides)

Side Wear Protection Carbides

Full Length, Side Wear Protection Carbides (Both Sides)

4” wide

VWJD1870SO Large 3/4" Opening For No Plugging

4 1/Testimonial: 2” Wide & 3 3/4” Paired Row Spread "More durable,

"After approximately 20,000 acres, the VWJD1890 has basically no wear"

carbides have almost no wear" Bushings Preinstalled

"After approximately 20,000 acres, the VWJD1890 has Testimonials: basically no wear" "13 years on 1890 seed boots. The carbides 300 - 500% Longer Life have almost no wear" Than OEM

Wear Protection Carbides

300 Fits - 500% Longer Lifedrill. Available in left or right.

JD1890/1895 ThanComes OEM with seed deflector at no charge.

"After approximately 20,000 acres, the VWJD1890 has basically no wear"

300 - 500% Longer Life Than OEM

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C10

##### Peanut butter can polish leather, remove gum from hair, and even be used as shaving cream in a pinch!

Its oils make it surprisingly versatile for these unusual uses. However, stick to the smooth variety for these purposes!

Dean Brandt Phil Gates (406) 899-4763 (406) 750-3071 office: (406) 268-9614 email: mtmtlfab@gmail.com

2021 John Deere 6130M

2022 John Deere 5090M

620 hours, loader

121 hours, loader, ext comp warranty

$132,800

2023 John Deere 6120M 536 hours, loader/grapple, comp warranty $153,400

$98,960

2023 John Deere 6110M 319 hours, 620R loader/grapple,comp warranty $148,500

Kalispell • Kyle Depner 406.291.4961 kdepner@rdoequipment.com Missoula • Mike Schmidt 406.381.1790 mschmidt@rdoequipment.com

2023 John Deere 6120M 340 hours, loader/ grapple, comp warranty................ $156,400

www.rdoequipment.com

Johnsen Trailer Sales, Inc. Serving the Trucking Industry Since 1959

Quality Built Quality Sold

2100 Industrial Drive Bismarck, ND 58502 701-255-0480 • 800-472-2649

3631 38th Street SW Fargo, ND 58106 701-282-3790 • 800-246-3790

Visit us at: www.johnsentrailer.com

2021 Wilson 29-ft. lead trailer, 25-ft. 6” pup with air op- 2018 Wilson lead and pup, 38x96x78 lead trailer and 21x96x78 pup trailer. Great condition. erated expandable draw bar. Disc brakes on the set!

2023 Wilson lead and pup, 41x102x78 lead, 21x102x78 pup, both air ride, disc brakes, electric tarp on the lead.

2021 Wilson lead and pup, gun metal gray, lead trailer is 42x96x78 and pup is 20x96x78. Both trailers have Ag hoppers, electric traps and tarps.

2021 Wilson 50x96x72 triple axle, ag hoppers, electric tarp, rear axle lift.

2020 Wilson 48x102x72 triple axle, ag hoppers, hydro 2018 Wilson 50x96x72 tri axle with rear axle lift electric traps, eletric tarp, rear axle lift. tarp, reverse front trap, stainless steel front and rear.

2019 Wilson Patriot 42x102x72 tandem air ride, 48” Very clean trailer!!! conveyor 56 degree slopes, top hinge door, electric tarp................................................................. $75,000 2016 Wilson livestock 53x102, nose 11-ft., rear 14-ft., belly 28-ft., tri axle air ride, stainless steel front.

2018 Wilson Patriot 44x102x72 tandem air ride, 48” conveyor 56 degree slopes, top hinge door, electric 2024 Manac beavertail, 53x102, all steel, wood floor.

Two ramps and 12 winches. tarp................................................................. $65,000 2020 Wilson 41x96x72 tandem air ride, ag hoppers, 2009 Merritt quad axle livestock trailer.

2008 Side Dump Industries side dump, triple axle, air ride. stainless rear end.

2017 Wilson livestock trailer, quad axle, 53-ft., 19-ft. 2000 Utility, 38-ft. van with 2 side doors, (4) 1600 gallon tanks and a Honda pump inside. rear, 11-6” nose, 22-6” belly, crank up nose deck.

View our website for more photos and information.

This Day in History - February

February 21 - John Greenough receives a U.S. patent for the sewing machine. (1842) • Alka Seltzer is first sold. (1931) • Richard Nixon becomes the first U.S. President to visit China. (1972) February 22 - Frank Woolworth opens the first “Five Cent Store in Utica, N.Y. (1879) • John Reid, the “Father of American Golf”, demonstrates golf in a cow pasture in Yonkers, NY. (1888) • Inaugural Daytona 500 race is run. (1959) February 23 - The Battle of the Alamo begins. It lasts 13 days. (1836) • Walter Wingfield of Pimlico, England, patented the game of lawn tennis. (1874) • Rudolf Diesel receives a patent in Germany for the oilburning diesel engine. (1893) • Tootsie Rolls roll into stores across America. Created

by Leo Hirshfield. (1896) • Walt Disney releases Pinocchio to movie theaters. (1940) • U.S marines raise the American flag over the Pacific island of Iwo Jima. (1945) February 24 - William Otis of Philadelphia, PA patents the steam shovel. (1839) • The first parade with floats is held for Mardi Gras in Mobile, AL. (1868) • The Hudson Motor Company is founded. (1909) • Britain’s Prince Charles announces his engagement to Lady Diana. (1981) • Elton John is knighted by Queen Elizabeth II. (1998) • Final launch of the Space Shuttle Discovery. (2011) February 25 - The 1st Bank of the United States is chartered. (1791) • Samuel Colt patents the revolver. (1836) • Thomas Davenport patents the first electric printing press. (1837) • The first tunnel under the Hudson River opens. (1908) • Glacier Bay National Monument in Alaska is established.

(1925) • Muhammad Ali (Cassius Clay) wins his first World Heavyweight Title, defeating Sonny Liston. (1964) February 26 - Congress creates the Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona. (1919) • Michael Jackson’s “Thriller” album is #1 on the charts and stays there for 37 weeks. (1983) • A bomb explodes at the World Trade Center killing 6 people. (1993) February 27 - Ludwig van Beethoven’s 8th Symphony in F premieres. (1814) • Mardi Gras is celebrated in New Orleans for the first time. (1827) • The U.S. Men’s Olympic hockey team defeats the U.S.S.R. to win Olympic Gold. (1960) • Paul McCartney and Stevie Wonder record “Ebony and Ivory”. (1981) February 28 - The Han dynasty begins a four-hundredyear rule with the coronation of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han. (202 B.C.) • The Salem Witch Hunts begin. (1692) • Evangelist John Wesley charters the Methodist church.

(1784) • The California Gold Rush begins as the first boatload of prospectors arrive in San Francisco. (1849) • The final episode of M.A.S.H. is aired. (1983) February 29 - In Salem, Ma. several girls are the first to be accused of witchcraft after exhibiting strange behaviors.

(1692) • Yellowstone becomes the first National Park. (1872)

Myth or truth Myth: You have to completely drain a battery before charging it up again, or else the battery will “remember” the point at which it started to charge as its “dead” spot.

Truth: It used to be true, but it’s not anymore. In the olden days (the 1980s and 1990s), cell phones were powered primarily with nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) and nickelcadmium (NiCD) batteries, which had to be completely drained and then completely recharged. If they weren’t, the batteries experienced a “memory effect” – the point at which it started to charge up again as its “zero” point. Result: it would lead to poor battery life. Today, cell phones use lithium-ion batteries, which aren’t subject to the same confusing requirements. You can safely recharge them at any time, regardless of whether they’re partially charged.

Green City: Reykjavik

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C11

SELL YOUR EQUIPMENT IN THIS SPACE!!!

Call: 406-271-5533 or Email: advertising@tradersdispatch.com Population: 130,000 How Green is it? In the 1970s Iceland relied on imported Mail to: Trader’s Dispatch, Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425 coal for 75 percent of its energy. Today all of its electricity is produced from hydroelectric and geothermal power. The TIMED ONLINE ONLY hydropower source is flowing water from melting ice that turns turbines to make electricity. The geothermal power uses the heat and steam of Iceland’s volcanoes to do the same. The only fossil fuel the city uses is for its cars and fishing fleets.

But Icelanders even consider that to be too much: To get down to zero use of fossil fuels, Reykjavik is working on a changeover to cars and ships fueled mainly by electricity and hydrogen. In 2003 a hydrogen filling station opened in Reykjavik to service hydrogen-powered public buses. By the mid21st century, Iceland plans to have most of its fishing fleet running on hydrogen and all of its cars and buses powered by alternative fuels.

SPRING OF 2025 BILLINGS, MT Conrad, Montana

SELL YOUR EQUIPMENT

You bring the equipment and we bring the buyers NORTH CENTRAL MONTANA

##### Tootsie Rolls were the first candy to be individually wrapped. ##### Inoculation is the process of adding sugar and yeast to grape juice to initiate fermentation.

Auction will be held at THE OEHIKE FARMS, location 20 miles East of Conrad.

We encourage local farmers to evaluate their equipment, and if you have one or more pieces that would be a good addition to this auction, please contact us

(406) 652-2266

RPH IRRIGATION SERVICES LTD 4056 Highway 89 Store: 406-466-2242 Sales/Service: 406-799-4746 Choteau, MT 59422

May 1st thru Sept 1st 2025 Service Hours: Mon-Fri 7:30 a.m.-6:30 p.m.

Sat 7 a.m.-12 noon Store Hours: Mon-Fri 8:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C12

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT

NEW Vermeer R2800 rake.......HERE NEW R2300 rakes........ COMING IN! 1-Vermeer R2300 rake, used.....CALL Highline 650 used processor.$19,600 2-ProAg bale unrollers................CALL 1- Set skid steer pallet forks....... $1280 1- Loader Euro pallet fork....... $1640 Rupp bale feeders................. In Stock

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT

Vermeer BPX9010 Sq or Rd, Scale Ready...........NEW Vermeer BP8000 RH discharge, twine knife...$12,000 Vermeer 605N, In-Monitor Moisture Sensor, Auto Greaser, pickup clutch, 540 or 1000 PTO.............NEW Vermeer R2300 & R2800 rakes........................NEW Vermeer TM1410 mower 21-ft cut width...............NEW Hustler TX205 rnd or sq bales, 50 hp req..........$24,000 Hustler LX105 Unrolla skid steer mounts..........$12,000 Highline AMX850 vertical mixer.............. $21,600/yr Highline BP660 processor........................... $6000/yr 2-Highline BP6800 new flails........................... $7500 2-Bale King 5100 bale processors. Each........$12,000

New Geotherm Waterers & Parts Available

11/2 HDPE SDR11 IN STOCK •Now building Gysler parts•

R&L Seed and Machine, LLC 1829 McCarthy Creek Rd Geyser, MT 59447 406-735-4374 rlmccray@3rivers.net

Come see us at MATE We’ll be in the Vermeer booth with showonly specials on netwrap and equipment.

BIG DISCOUNTS ON CARRYOVER MODELS: BPX9010 TM1410 VRB14 AMX850 Discounts + 0% Interest financing available

Wichman Ag Supply, LLC 406-538-5686 • Hilger, MT

www.wichmanagsupply.com

See new inventory on our Facebook page

See us at MATE e F b. 20-22 Billings, MT

The ZR5-1200 self-propelled baler makes quick work of a field while offering an unprecedented level of comfort and maneuverability. Automating parts of the baling process, the ZR5-1200 aims to reduce the number of steps needed to make a bale. This zero-turn machine is built tough and specifically designed for one job – baling hay, forage and even cornstalks – unlike tractor-baler combinations.

Get ready to let the ZR5-1200 change the way you put up hay.

New & Used Equipment

Vermeer R2800 & R2300 hydraulic rakes.$NEW Vermeer 605N baler, net, moisture, pickup clutch.. .................................................................$NEW Vermeer VR1022, VR1224, VR1428, VR2040 wheel rakes................................................$NEW Vermeer BPX9010 bale processor.............$NEW Kuhn GMD5251TC multi disc mower...........$CALL Kuhn FC4661TCR mower conditioner..........$CALL Kuhn VT280 vertical mixer..........................$CALL Haybuster 2650 bale processor............. $16,500 Vermeer 605N baler, 10,000 +/- bales, net only.. ............................................................. $41,500

Farm King 1400 7 bale mover...................$CALL Highline CRF650 bale processor, final cut...$CALL Used Vermeer R2800 hydraulic rake..... $30,000 John Deere 566 baler, twine only, comes with extra parts.................................................... $7500 Maybridge 26-ft. harrows...........................$CALL

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT

2019 Vermeer 605N 14,000 baler, new belts, chains, sprockets.......................................................$35,000 2018 Vermeer 605N 14,000 bales, through shop.......$34,000 John Deere 530 baler...................................... $3000 Chisholm Trail/Cannonball bale beds, dumping beds..

WW HD EZ 4-wheeler lifts for balebeds............... $1000 Hay Liner 42-ft., 8 bale dumping trailers.In Stock..$9500 Full line of feed and mineral products in stock

New Vermeer BPX9010 bale processor..............CALL Highline bale processors.......................................CALL 2014 Highline CFR651 bale processor, chopper..$17,000 2019 Vermeer TM1410 21-ft. mower.............$45,000 New Vermeer TM1410 trailed mower.................CALL New ZR5-12 self-propelled baler.............. HERE NOW! Vermeer 605M 17,000 bales, pickup rebuilt, bearings, bushings, tooth bars.......................................$15,000 New Vermeer 605N baler..................................CALL

Dealer for Vermeer, Hayliner, and Chisolm Trail

Gordon Repair, LLC

406-234-4595

Miles City, MT

www.gordonrepair.com clint@gordonrepair.com

Hwy 12 Equipment & Repair 8201 Hwy 12 W - Baker, MT

Connor 406-778-3777 • hwy12equip@gmail.com

www.hwy12equipment.com

• In-Shop Repairs & Service Truck Repairs •

Nebraska Extension commercial pesticide training dates Nebraska Extension will offer commercial pesticide training for applicators who are seeking to recertify at the West Central Research, Extension and Education Center in North Platte.

The training program will offer a variety of dates for initial training and recertification for those interested in participating.

All sessions will begin at 8:30 a.m., but it is recommended to arrive in a timely manner to check in.

There are several options for applicators that wish to recertify. They can attend an in-person training session, complete an online recertification training program, or attend a Nebraska Extension program or an industry-sponsored meeting such as the Nebraska Extension Crop Production Clinics, the Nebraska Turf Conference, the Nebraska Mosquito and Vector Association Conference, and the Nebraska Aviation Trades Association Convention.

The difference between a commercial applicator and a noncommercial applicator is important to recognize while considering commercial pesticide training.

A noncommercial applicator is a licensed applicator who applies restricted-use pesticides only on lands owned or controlled by their employer or for a governmental agency or subdivision of the state. This type of applicator also includes any person using restricted or general use pesticides for community-wide outdoor vector control on behalf of a political subdivision of the state.

A commercial applicator is a licensed applicator who uses any restricted-use pesticides on a contractual or for hire basis.

This type of applicator also includes any person using restricted or general use pesticides for hire or compensation for lawn care, structural pest control, or community-wide outdoor vector control.

The registration fee for in-person training and online recertification training is $95. To register for the training programs and order educational materials, please register by contacting pested@unl.edu.

For questions or additional information, please contact Dave Boxler at 308-696-6721.

Initial Training Dates March 6 April 8

Categories Offered 00, 01, 04, 07, 08, 08w 00, 01, 04, 05, 11, 14

Recertification Training Dates February 18 March 13 March 25

Categories Offered 00, 01, 07, 08, 08w, 11 0, 01, 04, 05, 09 00, 04, 07, 10, 11, 14

Spice Up Your Life Day

This holiday is always celebrated on February 17th Get off of the couch and go have some fun. Get your heart pumping and your blood circulating. Stretch and use those muscles before they begin to atrophy. Despite what you might think, the goal of this day IS NOT to spice up the food you eat. Rather, the objective of this holiday is to create fun and excitement in your life. We especially need some excitement in the middle of February when we are indoors during cold, wintry weather. Go and do something really fun and exciting. This holiday will likely leave you tired and perhaps with a few sore muscles. However, it also sends you to bed with a smile on your face and some great new memories.

You don’t have to leave your house to enjoy this holiday. What you choose to do today could be small, like taking a winter hike.

Or it can be big, like traveling to some exotic place. While this day encourages you to get off the couch and turn off the television, that’s not the main objective. The main goal of this day is to incent you to do something wild and exciting; try something that is out of character.

Do something you’ve never done before. That’s the real spice of life.

History and Origin of Spice Up Your Life Day Spice Up Your Life Day was created in 2023 by Bob Matthews from Rochester, NY. Matthews is the owner of HolidayInsights.com.

The date for this holiday occurs during an otherwise dull and boring time of the year. With spring still weeks away, we need something to spice up our lives.

In February the weather is lousy, and people are stuck indoors. We are often lying on the couch watching television. Matthews created this day to get us off of the couch and do something interesting and perhaps a little wild and crazy. It breaks the monotony of those long winter days and nights. And importantly, it helps to make winter go by just a little faster.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C13

GREYN FERTILIZER

Choteau - Larry Greyn - 406-466-5356 Brian Carlson - 406-220-1705

2018 John Deere F4365 with AB485 twin bin air system, 70-ft. booms, Gen 4 Integrated Display, tarp, Lincoln lube system, LED field lights, 2724 hours.................. $199,500

2018 Case Titan 4540, 2745 hours, FLX 810 triple bin, 70-ft. boom, Viper 4 controller, Auto steer, roll tarp................ $160,000

2014 TerraGator 8400 Air Max Precision 2, 70-ft. boom, roll tarp, micro ingredient bins, Viper Pro, auto steer, 3500 hours...$116,000

2015 Case IH 4030, CNH diesel engine, Allison automatic transmission, New Leader L4000G4 spinner bed, belt over chain, multi applicator insert, Viper 4 controller, Smartrax auto steer.$134,500

2017 TerraGator TG8400B AirMax Precision, 70-ft. boom, single product, roll tarp, Viper 4, autosteer, 3245 hours...........$136,000

2014 TerraGator TG8400 AirMax Precision 2, 70-ft. booms, granular coap bins, roll-tarp, Viper Pro, auto steer, air ride cab, 3345 hours...................$119,000

2014 Case IH Titan 4530 810 Flex Air, 70-ft. boom, triple bin, roll tarp, Viper 4, Smartrax, 4125 hours............................ $102,500 2015 Case 4530, 2384 hours...... ..................................... $135,000

2017 RBR Venturi 350 Pre DEF, 4x4, air ride chassis, Case IH 810 3 bin, 70-ft. boom, roll tarp, Viper 4 monitor, SmarTrax, foot or hand throttle control. 3060 hrs.$142,500

2015 RBR Venturi 350, 3302 hours, Case 810 70-ft. air boom, triple bin, 4x4, Viper 4, Auto Steer............................. $132,500

2019 TerraGator TG8400C, 3446 hours, Viper 4, AirMax Pre- 2015 TerraGator 8400B, 3222 cision 2 bed. 70-ft. booms, Micro hours, Viper Pro, New Leader bin with yellow & white rollers, L4000G4 MultApplier dry box...... electric roll tarp............. $168,500 ..................................... $125,000

2013 Wilson PaceSetter aluminum hopper bottom grain trailer, triple axle, air ride suspension, electric roll over tarp, 50-ft. trailer, low hoppers.......................$36,000

2003 Freightliner Columbia day cab, twin screw, 10 speed, 12.7L Detroit Series 60 diesel, 430 hp, odometer reads 629,746 but doesn’t work...................... $15,500

Dutton - Brad Greyn - 406-476-3402

Valier - Matt Haines - 406-279-3255

2020 RBR Venturi 400, Case IH Flex Air 810 triple bin, 70ft. boom, Raven Viper 4, adjustable axles, 4 wheel steer, 4 2017 John Deere 4038 sprayer, 120-ft. booms, 3244 wheel drive, electric roll tarp, 1890 hours............ $249,500 hours...................................................................$154,000 2012 Vector 300, Cummins, Allison automatic, New Leader L4000 G4 spreader box, twin spinner, all hydraulic, stainless steel insert, Raven Viper Pro monitor, 4561 hours..................................................$72,000

2020 Case IH Titan 4540 810 Flex air, 70-ft. boom, electric roll tarp, Viper 4, Auto Steer, 2511 hours............................. $189,500

2012 TerraGator 9300 Cat C13 Terrashift, AirMax Precision 2, Auto Steer 70-ft. boom, Viper Pro, 4302 hours.............. $82,500

We have been your locally owned full service fertilizer dealer for over 35 years!! Thank you for your support. Three locations to serve you:

1986 Grove 50’ ton capacity, 39ft. Minimum boom length, 96-ft.

Maximum boom length, Deutz lower and upper engines, manual transmission, 8x6, carrier heater, upper heater load block, Load Moment Indicator, 6 spare tires... ....................................... $32,000

Hyundai HL730-9A wheel loader, EROPS, Cummins, 8-ft. bucket, 2.5 cubic yard, 17.5R25 tires, operating weight 23,500 lbs, rear view camera, 5684 hours..$67,000

2017 Merritt dry tender trailer, 3 compartments, Quickveyor belt unload, self-contained hydraulics with new predator gas engine and electric start, rear discharge conveyor, electric roll over tarp, clean out windows, tandem axle air ride suspension, 22.5 tires..... . ....................................... $38,500

2013 Case IH 4530 floater, CNH diesel, Allison automatic, Case IH 810 Flex Air dry system, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, triple bin, electric roll tarp, Viper Pro, light bar, 3512 hours............ $108,000

2012 John Deere 4940, 1200 gallon, 120-ft. boom, Vogelsang A17387 front fill, 710/70R42 flotation tires, 4421 hours.......$99,500

2017 John Deere F4365 HiCapacity Nutrient Applicator, 3435 hours, AutoTrac guidance, Starfire 600 receiver, DN495 MultiApplier......................... $178,000

2016 Case IH Titan 3540 3 wheel, 810 air delivery box, Viper 4, Agri-Cover roll tarp, 1512 hours............................ $158,000

2016 RBR Venturi 350, Cummins 350 hp diesel engine, air ride chassis, 810 3 bin, 70-ft. boom, roll tarp, Viper 4 monitor, SmarTrax, 4593 hours.... $99,500

2014 Case IH Titan floater, New Leader L4000 G4, 14-ft. stainless steel dry spreader box, stainless steel insert, Ag Leader monitor, 4253 hours................... $105,000

1999 Deere 544H Quick attach bucket, joystick controls, enclosed cab, hour meter reads 1549 hours. The loader is believed to have 6500 hours.............. $52,500

2004 Peterbilt 330, 8.3L Cummins, Allison automatic transmission, Simonsen twin spinner speader, Raven controller, 4823 hours..$74,000

1996 Freightliner with 24 Ton Willmar Side Shooter, Detroit, 10 speed, long auger, roll tarp, 544,000 miles................. $38,500 Willing to separate and sell the bed alone for................... $25,500

2018 Case IH Trident 5550 120ft. boom, front fill, cab camera, Viper 4, 3767 hours...... $185,500

2018 Timpte dry trailer, 40-ft. aluminum hopper, hydraulic dry tender belt can be run off truck hydraulic wet kit or self contained gas engine, air ride......... $75,000

2016 RoGator 1300B sprayer, hydro-static transmission, 1300 gallon stainless steel tank, 120ft. boom, 20” spacing, 650/65R42 tires, fenders, Viper 4 monitor, 3143 hours................... $142,000

2000 International 9100 with Simonsen top auger tender, 9 speed & pusher axle, 6 compartment dry tender box, electric roll tarp, 620,471 miles......... $47,000

1997 Cat IT28G loader, diesel engine, 3 speed shuttle shift transmission, enclosed cab, 100” quick tach front bucket, 2.7 cubic yard, auxiliary hydraulic outlets, 12,169 hours.................. $46,500 1969 Lubbock NH3 transport trailer, 10,400 gallons, Blackmer pump.

5 to choose from.......$45,000 each

www.fertilizerequipment.net

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C14

HAY FOR SALE

Grass/alfalfa mix, straight alfalfa, straight grass, wheat hay, Haybet barley hay.

All in round bales. Prices vary. Delivery available.

Located in Southwest North Dakota or Northeast South Dakota.

Phone (701) 928-1624

WANTED TO BUY:

Allis Chalmers tractors 4W305, 4W220, D21, 220, 8010-8070 mfwd Any condition considered Phone Nathan at 701-240-5737 or 1-800-735-5846, email: swensonrv@srt.com

WANT TO GRAB A TRAILER

WITHOUT BREAKING THE BANK?

NOW IS YOUR TIME. CHURCHILL TRAILER HAS GOT YOU COVERED.

LIMITED UNITS ON SALE. CALL FOR DETAILS! HP TRAILERS

Adams Mfg 510 Utility 5-ft. x 10-ft...... ................................... $2350 $2150

2022 Hull Porter 8-ft. x 18-ft. car hauler, 7K GVW, ramps......................... ................................... $6665 $5300

2000 Series aluminum short box bed, 7-ft. x 7-ft. fits all makes, single wheel. 2 available....... $4000 $3650

GII 8-ft. x 8-ft. 6” Dually Beds fit GM, Ram, Ford.................. $4375 $3700

2018 Titan FB20-14K, 8-ft. x 20-ft., drive over fenders, ramps, 14k GVW.......................... $5650 $4900

By Brooke Ortel fewer mortalities because birds can’t achieve Thunk! As you peer out the window, a higher speeds,” Schabron adds. “If they do small feathered object hits the glass and strike, they can recover from that.” bounces to the ground. It’s another birdEnvironmental factors window collision. But do you know what Schabron is also tracking various envikind of bird it is? And how many of its kind bonk into windows annually? ronmental factors that could potentially afThese are the questions driving Katie fect the number of collisions in a particular Schabron’s research. An undergraduate location. These factors range from a buildresearcher in the UW Department of Zooling’s color and the number of windows on a facade to the presence of different tree ogy and Physiology, she became involved species. The goal is to determine whether in the UW Bird-Window Collision Project1 building features, nearby plantings, or other in 2023. environmental conditions can be modified to With funding from the Wyoming Rehelp reduce collisions. search Scholars Program (WRSP) and “Ideally, I’d like to find the drivers behind NASA, Schabron has developed and implewindow strikes, specific to species, and demented data collection protocols for observing and recording bird-window collisions on termine if there are different deterrents to UW’s Laramie campus. put on buildings,” Schabron says. “I would Window strikes kill approximately 300 love to see UW have zero bird mortalities.” to 900 million birds annually, and Schabron Citizen science hopes that her research will ultimately help As she gathered data over the summer, reduce fatal collisions on campus.

Schabron also helped test and refine an app Bird behavior and mortality designed to facilitate citizen science. The In summer and fall 2023, Schabron moniapp allows students and community memtored 82 building facades (some of which bers to monitor bird-window collisions as were different sides of the same building) they walk around campus. on UW’s Laramie campus. She visited 28 “If you see a bird that you think may have locations daily, observing bird movement struck a window, you can go through stages and behavior at each site. She also counted on the app and send data to us,” Schabron the number of dead or injured birds present. explains. “It’s a new part of our project and Schabron selected data collection sites we’re hoping to get more people involved.” that maximized the number of facades she To get started, download the Epicollect5 could safely observe for five minutes withmobile app (available for both Android and Apple devices) and search for “UW Bird out interruption by vehicle traffic. At each Window Collision Report.” Anyone can site, she recorded the date, time, species, report a collision, and it only takes a minute starting height, and final height of every bird or two! observed in a five-minute interval.

To learn more, contact faculty advisor Heights were estimated in the field2 by Patrick Kelley at patrick.kelley@uwyo.edu. comparing a bird’s flight path to the height This article was originally published in of a nearby facade. If a bird struck a window, the 2024 issue of Reflections, the annual Schabron also noted whether it flew away, research magazine published by the UW was injured, or died.

College of Agriculture, Life Sciences and While she’s still working on statistical Natural Resources. analysis, her data looks promising so far, with far fewer collisions and mortalities than Notes predicted. This might be because there are 1The UW Bird-Window Collision Project is part of fewer high-rise buildings in Laramie comWYOBIRD, the Wyoming Bird Initiative for Resilpared to other university campuses, because ience and Diversity. To learn more, email wyobird@ there are simply fewer birds passing through uwyo.edu. campus, or some combination of factors.

2During data analysis, heights approximated in the “One of my personal predictions is that if field are validated using the exact dimensions of buildings are closer together, there will be campus buildings.

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A map of UW’s Laramie campus overlaid with bird movement patterns observed between June 15, 2023, and October 4, 2023. The thick magenta lines outline the facades monitored in the study and the yellow location markers are data collection points. Flight paths are color coded by species. For example, red lines represent pigeon movement, while yellow lines represent turkey vulture movement and green lines represent house sparrow movement.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C15

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Cornstalks grazing during late gestation

By Randy Saner, Livestock Extension Educator University of Nebraska - Lincoln Cornstalk residue is a good source of nutrition for the beef cow. When grazing cornstalks, we want to use about 15% of the residue. This 15% includes any remaining corn and 50% of the husk and leaf. Those parts are the most palatable and the highest quality nutrition for the cow. For every bushel of dry corn the husk makes up 3 lbs. per bushel, the leaf makes up 14 lbs. per bushel. The highest nutrition out in the field is the corn that was left in the field. A cow’s intake and diet quality declines as she is left in the field.

When cattle graze corn residue they select corn first, husk and leaf second, cob and stalk last. When cows are forced to eat cob and stalk, they can’t meet their nutritional needs.

A general rule of thumb is that for every 100 bushels of dry corn produced a cow can graze for 1 month. To calculate how much feed is available in each field you can use the corn stalk grazing calculator found at https://cap.unl.edu/ livestock/tools/. However, in recent studies we have found high yielding corn ( 200 bu/ac or greater) has less leaf and husk per bushel and that the quality is generally lower than lower yielding fields. We suggest reducing the grazing days by 10% in higher yielding corn hybrids. This can be accomvisit us on the web: www.cascademachineco.com plished by changing the utilization rate to 45% instead of 401 4th Avenue South • Great Falls, MT 59405 50% in our grazing calculator.

When grazed properly pregnant cows can meet their ener406-453-8100 gy and protein needs without supplementation when grazing corn residue. However, they do require supplementation of minerals and vitamin A. We suggest that a 4 oz free choice mineral contains at least 300,000 IU per pound of Vitamin A, 4 to 5% phosphorus, 1500 to 2500 parts per million copper and 3000 to 5000 parts per million zinc.

However, corn residue, Next Generation Inoculant with especially husk is suscepNEW T! Multipurpose Granular 4 Active Biologicals tible to losses from tramC U OD R P pling and wind. Monitor • Promotes superior nodule formation husk availability is a great • Enhances NPK availability • Increases the availability of phosphorus way to ensure cows are • Improves yield potential receiving the nutrients they • Available in granular & peat formulations need. When they are hard to find, either move cows to a new field or start feeding a supplement. Bred and first calf heifers have hinger energy and protein requirements and need to be supplemented. During mid gestation 2 to 3 lbs. of distillers dried grains or 4 to 6 lbs. of modified distillers Nodule – Tag Team Bionic Pro Granule and during late gestation 3 to 5 lbs. of distillers dried grains or 6 to 10 lbs. of modified distillers grain per day will meet their needs.

In conclusion: “Bin Buster Peas” If high yields around 200 Sunburst Montana to 250 bushed yield cut back to 40% utilization Sterile Peat Monitor availability of husk in the field is a great way to gauge utilization Heifers require supplementation with a protein and energy source All cattle need access to a mineral source with vitamin A If cows are losing weight supplement or move to another field

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*1960 Martin Hyster mechanical neck, 34-ft. oal, king pin to axle 33-ft., belly 17-ft., air/5th wheel on back. *1981 King oil field float trailer, model #4SW-DD-TB, 32-ft. with roll tail, king pin to back axle 27-ft. *1968 Timpte dolly, single axle duals. *Dolly, tandem axle duals, long boom. *1991 Transcraft double drop trailer 44-ft., king pin to rear axle 40-ft., belly 23-ft. *Willock trailer, 9-ft. wide x 42-ft. with roll tail, hitch & air /glad hands to back. *1986 Fruehauf full trailer 32-ft. oal, 286/75R24.5 front and 11R24.5 rear, this is a 2+2, pintle book in front, storage box anc good decking.

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By Amelia Escalante - School of Natural Resources Environmental Science Program Undergraduate Student | Carolina Córdova - Department of Agronomy and Horticulture Assistant Professor and Statewide Soil Health Specialist Let’s not forget that healthy soil is the foundation of a thriving ecosystem, supporting diverse life forms and significantly influencing water and air quality, which ultimately affects our health. In recent years, technological innovations have revolutionized our approach to understanding and managing soil health. Traditional methods of soil assessment have given way to sophisticated, data-driven technologies that provide unprecedented insights into soil conditions.

Historically, we focused primarily on soil fertility and nutrient levels, guided by Liebig’s Law of the Minimum and its bucket analogy. However, the concept of soil health broadens our perspective beyond just promoting plant growth. It emphasizes the importance of sustaining diverse organisms and maintaining the soil’s functional capacity to provide essential ecosystem services, such as nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, water quality regulation and biodiversity conservation. Thus, assessing soil health requires examining a complex interplay of physical, chemical and biological factors, including soil structure, aggregate stability, pH, organic matter content and microbial activity.

Modern Soil Health Monitoring Technologies Farmers in the 21st Century are focused on managing their fields efficiently and committed to adopting innovative practices that enhance and sustain soil health. This shift has increased the demand for monitoring and assessing soil health parameters. Technology advances have introduced various tools for soil health monitoring nutrients through digital soil mapping by using remote and adaptable field sensors, spectroscopic tools and drones. These tools facilitate immediate insight into soil conditions sometimes directly in the field, allowing farmers to make informed decisions based on real-time data.

Vehicles

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Figure 1. Time Domain Reflectometry soil probe. Source: https://soilsensor.com/articles/time-domain-reflectometry-tdr/ and https://pulsegrow. com)

Sensors Numerous sensor types are employed in the U.S. farming industry for comprehensive soil health monitoring: Location sensors: GPS devices that help track the precision location of agricultural assets, and very useful when building soil and yield maps.

Optical sensors help assess plant health by measuring albedo (sunlight reflectance and absorption, which can help us determine the global warming potential of a plant canopy).

Electrochemical sensors: Devices that can measure soil pH and nutrient levels and detect pollutants.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C20

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C19

Registration open for 2025-2026 SowBridge educational series

December 3 — Heat Synchronization Protocols SowBridge, the distance educational series for those who work with sows, January 7, 2026 — Treating Sows According to Farm SOP boars and piglets and who work with genetic and reproductive issues, begins The cost is $200 for the first registration and half that amount for each its next program year in early February.

Registration is already underway for the series, which is provided online subsequent registration from the same entity.

For more information on the sessions or registration, contact Scaff at 701through Zoom and recorded for later viewing.

“SowBridge is a great opportunity for participants to hear from experts on 231-4292 or taw.scaff@ndsu.edu.

SowBridge is provided through a cooperative effort of 15 colleges and relevant topics and network to assist in solving on-farm problems as they arise,” universities from the nation’s major swine-producing states. says Taw Scaff, North Dakota State University Extension swine specialist.

Sessions generally are held on the first Wednesday of the month and run from 11:15 a.m. to about 12:15 p.m. The fifth session moved up one week to May 28 to avoid conflicts with the World Pork Expo.

During each session, participants can ask questions of the industry expert presenter from their home, office or swine unit. Each registration provides access to one Zoom connection per session and all program materials provided by presenters.

Anything To Do With Grain, A flyer with information We Handle It and a registration form is available at ndsu.ag/sow406-487-2216 bridge25.

The 2025-2026 program email: sales@shortlineag.com session dates and topics are Box 1177 • Scobey, Montana 59263 as follows: February 5 — H5N1 as it Relates to Pigs March 5 — Feeding Frequency Pre-Farrow: Impact on Farrowing Duration April 2 — Your Farm We are here to serve you.

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Barriers and Understanding the Psychological Impact of Pig Euthanasia May 28 — Iron Status of Sows: Impacts on Farrowing Duration July 2 — How to Manage Gilts not Cycling August 6 — Diagnostic Authorized NuSeed Canola Dealer and local Coors Barley Seed Supplier Testing September 3 — Depopulation Preparedness October 1 — Where’s the draft coming from?

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Technological advancements in soil health monitoring and management CONTINUED FROM PAGE C18

Mechanical sensors evaluate soil compaction through penetration resistance (e.g., penetrometer) Dialectric soil moisture sensors monitor moisture levels in real-time. For example, Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Probes measure moisture, temperature and electrical conductivity at varying soil depths (Figure 1). This allows you to analyze the interaction between these variables in different soil conditions.

How it works? TDR soil moisture sensors use parallel rods as transmission lines. A voltage pulse is sent along these rods and reflected back to a sensor for analysis. The pulse’s velocity through the rods correlates with the soil’s Figure 2. SciAps Z300 handheld apparent permittivity. Wet soil slows the pulse, while LIBS analyser. (Source: https:// www.sciaps.com/post/wheres-thedry soil allows faster trans- gold-sciaps-z300) mission.

Overall, these sensors can transmit data in real-time, allowing farmers to make immediate decisions based on current soil conditions.

Spectroscopic Methods Innovative spectroscopic methods have transformed soil analysis and are very powerful, providing valuable information about the molecular composition and structure of materials like soil. Nowadays, these methods can potentially make soil analyses less costly, more accurate, and high throughput with less sample preparation. This makes them highly versatile and ideal for real-time monitoring of soil health.

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) Infrared spectroscopy (e.g., Vis-NIR, NIR, MIR) All of these spectroscopic methods rely on the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter. When infrared light interacts with the soil, specific frequencies are absorbed, corresponding to the vibrational energies of molecular bonds within the soil.

Infrared spectroscopy, for example, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS, Figure 2), has been employed since the early 2000s to measure total soil carbon and nitrogen, along with soil nutrients and heavy metals, and just recently measures soil texture. Analyzing light absorption at specific wavelengths provides a unique “spectral signature” that correlates with soil properties such as organic matter, texture, moisture content and mineral composition. LIBS uses a focused laser to ablate soil samples, creating plasma that emits light with elemental fingerprints.

Near-Infrared (NIR), Mid-Infrared (MIR), and VisibleNear Infrared Spectroscopy are particularly efficient for rapid field use, enabling the simultaneous estimation of multiple soil parameters in seconds. Both analyze soil properties by measuring light absorption at specific wavelengths (MIR from 2.5 to 25 µm, NIR from 780 to 2500 nm, and Vis-NIR from 400 nm to 2500nm).

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Figure 3. ChrysaLabs soil probe (a) with a combination of spectroscopic sensors located in the tip (b). (Source: https://www.chrysalabs.com/ technology) CONTINUED ON PAGE C22

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Technological advancements in soil health monitoring and management CONTINUED FROM PAGE C20

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These methods are invaluable for assessing soil organic carbon levels, a key indicator of healthy soils that enhance structure and fertility. Advances in these technologies also support efficient monitoring of carbon sequestration efforts, contributing to climate change mitigation. Their portability and ability to provide rapid results make them excellent alternatives to traditional laboratory analyses for field applications. One of them is the inclusion of these spectroscopic sensors into soil probes like the one developed by the ChrysaLabs company (Figure 3).

Drones and UAVs: Drones equipped with various sensors are increasingly used for high-resolution data collection across extensive ag landscapes. These unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide rapid assessments of soil health and plant nutrition parameters, aiding farmers in managing their fields more effectively during this era of digital agriculture. For this, ag professionals use drones with specialized cameras to capture images across various light wavelengths, including visible and near-infrared spectrum (Figure 4). This technology allows farmers and ag professionals to create high-resolution soil and plant canopy maps, detect early signs of crop stress, nutrient deficiencies, or diseases, and track changes in soil and plant health over time. The data collected is analyzed using advanced algorithms and GIS techniques to produce detailed digital field maps. These maps offer valuable insights for precision agriculture, enabling targeted interventions and more efficient resource management.

This technology provides a powerful tool for agriculture decision-making, surpassing traditional satellite imagery in resolution and accessibility. If you want to learn more about drones in ag, contact our Statewide Digital Ag Extension Educator Dirk Charlson, (402) 460-0742.

Contact: Todd Banner • (406) 590-7997 1231 US Hwy 89 • Sun River, MT 59483

6

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Future Trends in Soil Health Management As awareness of the importance of soil health grows among farmers and stakeholders, the integration of soil health parameters into agricultural practices is expected to increase. Concerns over sustainability, climate variability and food security drive this trend. The ongoing development of affordable monitoring tools will likely enhance accessibility for farmers, promoting shifts towards data-driven agricultural practices that prioritize soil health.

In this article we did not talk much about AI and machine learning, which are revolutionizing agriculture and soil health management. These technologies are powerful tools for analyzing big data more efficiently to provide insights into soil conditions and guide farming practices. Their scalability allows for quick applications across small or large fields, benefiting diverse farming operations. AI and machine learning are now part of the engine that enhances precision agriculture, enabling data-driven decision-making for improved management.

In brief, the convergence of sensory technology, spectroscopic methods, and UAVs represents a significant advancement in the management of soil health. These tools not only facilitate better agricultural outcomes but also support environmental conservation efforts essential for sustainable farming practices. ##### Teacher tests Little Johnny, “OK, Johnny, create a sentence which starts with ‘I’.”

Little Johnny confidently starts, “I is...”

Teacher snaps, “No, Little Johnny. You must always say, ‘I am’.”

Little Johnny sighs, “Yes ma’am. ‘I am the ninth letter of the alphabet.’”

Frozen in time In Petrified Forest National Park, prehistoric fossils and remnants of ancient civilizations reveal what life was like thousands–even millions–of years ago.

In prehistoric times, the area of northeastern Arizona where the Petrified Forest is located was closer to the equator and was not a desert. It was a floodplain swollen with streams and rivers. Cycads horsetails, and ferns dominated the landscape. Coniferous trees were plentiful and large–as much as 200 feet tall and nine feet in diameter. When those trees fell, rivers carried them away, and before they could decompose, some were buried under clay, mud, sand, and volcanic ash. Gradually, minerals in the water leeched into the wood, filling the cracks and crevices of the logs and forming the vivid fossilized logs we have today. Different minerals, of course, made different colors: quartz produced white; manganese oxides made blue, purple, black, and brown; and iron oxides turned the wood yellow, orange, and red. As the trees fossilized over hundreds of millions of years, they turned to stone, and today, many of the logs lie where they fell eons ago. They’re better preserved and more colorful than those found anywhere else in the world.

Petrified Forest also includes part of the Painted Desert.

It’s 7,500 square miles of cliffs, hills, and hardened sand dunes that are “painted” with bright red, green and yellow banks; many of the rocks also become red, purple, or blue at sunrise and sunset. The colors are the result of mineral deposits left behind by fossilized trees and animals and shaped by wind and water. As the cliffs erode, the fossils and minerals are exposed, changing the desert’s colors. Southwest historian Charles F. Lummis described the Petrified Forest as “an enchanted spot…to stand on the glass of a gigantic kaleidoscope over whose sparkling surface the sun breaks in infinite rainbows.”

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C23

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Advancing hydrogen as a replacement for carbon fuels

By Joanne Paulson, Canada Light Source While the notion of using hydrogen for energy has been around since Sir William Grove first invented the fuel cell in 1838, the idea started to get more traction after the first use of fuel cells in space for NASA’s 1965 Gemini V mission.

More recently, researchers like Tess Seip, a PhD candidate in the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department at the University of Toronto (UToronto), have been investigating hydrogen as a green energy source to mitigate carbon emissions.

Seip and a team led by Dr. Aimy Bazylak are working to improve the efficiency of a device that uses electricity—preferably from solar and wind sources—to convert water into hydrogen and oxygen gases, which can then be stored and used for energy. The device is called a polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer, or PEMWE for short.

The UToronto team was focused on a specific layer inside the PEMWE, called the porous transport layer (PTL), which controls the flow of water inside. Water passes through the PTL before it reaches a catalyst layer, which splits the water molecule.

The research team at the BMIT-ID beamline at the Canadian Light Source. L-R: Tess Seip, Lijun Zhu, Chaeyoung Tina Ham, Dr. Alexandre Tugirumubano, and Prof. Aimy Bazylak.

However, the reaction—known as electrolysis—can cause excess gas to accumulate, which prevents water from reaching the catalyst. Seip and her colleagues were testing a new design they developed, which has extra channels in it, to improve water flow. Better water flow means less energy is needed to drive the process.

With the help of the Canadian Light Source (CLS) at the University of Saskatchewan, the team found that their simple modification did in fact improve the efficiency of a PEMWE. Seip and her colleagues were particularly interested to see if there were changes in membrane thickness and PTL hydration. “If it’s not hydrated, it slows the reaction rate and reduces the efficiency,” says Seip.

The ultra bright light produced by the CLS synchrotron was critical for their work: “The BMIT beamline at the CLS has a resolution of around 6.5 microns per pixel, so this lets us characterize these microscopic changes in the membrane,” says Seip. For reference, the typical human hair is 65 microns thick. “The most important factor is that we are able to do this while the cell is operating.”

While some electrolyzers are already in use at an industrial level, “they’re too expensive for transportation applications right now,” she says. Getting more water to flow freely and evenly across a PEMWE is important, to scale up the technology for use in larger cells, says Seip.

“If we gain a little bit of efficiency and multiply it at scale, that could have meaningful impacts down the line.”

Polar Bear Day

This holiday is always celebrated on February 27 Polar Bear Day, celebrates the world’s largest carnivore. These hardy bears can grow up to nine feet tall when standing and 1400 pounds. They are a favorite at zoos around the country. Polar bears live in the North Pole region and are native to Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Norway, and Russia. They also live in Antarctica.

Did you Know? It is believed that all polar bears are lefthanded.

Polar Bear Trivia • They are considered marine mammals because they spend a lot of time in the ocean.

• Polar bears are the world’s largest carnivores.

• They survive in one of the harshest environments in the world.

• A heavy layer of blubber under their skin keeps them warm.

• They are excellent swimmers.

• The skin under their fur is black.

• Seals are the majority of their diet.

• They have a great sense of smell. They can smell a seal from over 16 kilometers away.

• There are an estimated 20,000 in the wild.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C25

Top vegetable varieties in 2024

By Tom Kalb, Horticulturist, NDSU Extension The first step to growing a great vegetable garden is to select the best varieties.

Which varieties grow best in Dakota gardens?

The answer is simple. To identify the best varieties for gardeners in the Dakotas, we need to test the varieties in the gardens of the Dakotas.

That’s why we started the North Dakota Home Garden Variety Trials in 2008. Every year I have worked with over 200 families to evaluate promising vegetable varieties in their home gardens.

This year we assembled a team of 365 families. Let me share with you a few of the highlights from 2024.

The spring of 2024 was cold and wet. That made it a great year to test super sweet corn. Most super sweet corn varieties struggle to germinate in cold, wet soils.

Under these stressful conditions, we tried a new variety called Bolt. True to its name, the Bolt seedlings jumped out of the ground and produced an early and bountiful harvest of quality corn. It was our highest-rated super sweet corn variety this year. Kate was another strong performer this year.

Good performance in the garden is important, but good performance on the kitchen table is just as important. For the last two years we have tested red carrots. Red carrots may be nutritious, but our team told us that red carrots taste bitter.

What good is a nutritious vegetable if nobody wants to eat it? Forget about red carrots.

Fortunately, we found two great orange carrots this year. I encourage you to try Caravel. Our team loved its sweet and crunchy roots. Naval is another great carrot for the Dakotas.

It has roots that are beautiful, straight and delicious. Naval roots can be pulled out of the ground easily without breaking.

Asian and snack cucumbers did well in our trials again this year. Summer Dance will delight you with its crisp, bitterfree fruits. Green Light produces an abundance of delicious cucumbers that you eat when 6 inches long and do not need peeling.

This year, we have identified lettuce varieties that tolerate heat and produce a bumper crop of crisp leaves. These “Summer Crisp” lettuce varieties include Muir, Nevada, Magenta and Chrystal. Grow these varieties and you will enjoy salads all summer long.

I always thought romaine lettuce was hard to grow. My team and I discovered it is easy to grow romaine lettuce if you pick the right variety. Great varieties include Fusion, Newham, Bluerock and a new variety called Sunland. These varieties can tolerate heat and produce thick, crunchy, flavorful leaves.

Maybe okra isn’t your favorite vegetable. I understand completely. My wife tells me it is an acquired taste. Okra is difficult to grow in the Dakotas because it demands hot weather and a long growing season. This year we had 15 brave families evaluate okra varieties. We found a new variety, Buffalo Bill 91, which every family liked. A 100% recommendation percentage for any variety is impressive.

For okra, it is shocking. It must be a winner.

Other new and notable varieties this year include Abominable pumpkin, which produced stunning, pure white pumpkins. The fruit quality of Butterfingers yellow summer squash was tremendous. The yield of Madonna orange winter squash was truly amazing.

The highest-rated variety we tested in 2024 is not a new variety, but it may be the most dazzling vegetable you have ever seen. The leaf stems of Bright Lights Swiss chard come in brilliant shades of red, orange and yellow. Even if you don’t like the taste of Swiss chard, try Bright Lights. You don’t have to eat it. Just look at it. You will be awed by its beauty.

What I just described is a small sample of what we discovered this year. To learn more about the best varieties for North Dakota, do a Google search of North Dakota Home Garden Variety Trials or go to ndsu.ag/homegardentrials.

On this webpage, we list our recommended varieties for all vegetables grown in North Dakota.

If interested, you can sign up to receive our online 2025 seed catalog. We have a tremendous team of gardeners now, but I know your participation in our project can make our team better. All gardeners are welcome to join. Happy Holidays!

For more information about gardening, contact your local NDSU Extension agent. Find the Extension office for your county at ndsu.ag/countyoffice.

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C26

Idaho ag record

Idaho agriculture achieved record earnings during 2024, according to a new University of Idaho Extension economics report, though the gains weren’t enjoyed by most food producers who raise crops.

Propelled by the strength of the livestock sector, Idaho farmgate cash receipts rose 4% from 2023 to all-time high levels of $11.3 billion, according to “The Financial Condition of Idaho Agriculture: 2024” by U of I agricultural economists Brett Wilder and Xiaoxue “Rita” Du. Net farm income for the year rose 12% to $3.3 billion — the second highest total ever.

Thanks to exceptional beef prices, Idaho ranchers earned $2.9 billion in revenue during 2024 from cattle and calves, which posted a third consecutive year of record revenue.

Contrary to the national beef inventory, which has been contracting, Idaho grew its beef herd by 2% from 2023 to 2024, though the state’s herd rebuilding may be slowed by the loss of range to wildfires last summer. Milk prices that were up 10% from 2023 contributed to milk revenues rising from $3.5 billion to $3.8 billion.

Revenue from other livestock — including trout, sheep, goats, chickens and eggs — was up by 12% at $321 million.

Feed prices, however, plummeted. Hay cash receipts during 2024 were estimated at $448 million, down 27%.

Furthermore, revenue from wheat dropped 7% to $564 million, and barley revenue dropped 5.5% to $398 million. Potato revenue dropped by 7% to $1.25 billion. Sugarbeet revenue rose by 1% to an all-time high of $470 million, though Amalgamated Sugar Co. reported that 18% of the crop had to be replanted, raising production costs for many growers.

Livestock represented 62% of the state’s cash receipts in 2024.

Agribusiness is one of the state’s major industries, responsible for one of every six dollars in sales in Idaho.

“Agriculture seems strong, but as a whole there are going to be winners and losers.

It’s going to be a pretty tough year for those in the crop sector,” Wilder said. “Only a few small sectors of the industry are actually doing well, and within those sectors it’s only a few individuals — legacy folks who aren’t overleveraged and have economies of scale. Let’s say you’re a young hay farmer — you had a bad 2024.”

Federal government payments to Idaho producers fell 13% in fiscal year 2024 to $111 million.

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C27

Researchers to relocate parasitoid wasps in battle with wheat stem sawfly

By Chabella Guzman, PREEC Communications, UNL natural predator of the sawfly, is beginning The Nebraska Extension held a Crop to make a dent in the infestation problem.

Production Clinic on Wednesday, January 8, In the Sidney area and southern Panhandle, at the UNL Panhandle Research Extension the wasp has begun to show a measurable and Education Center in Scottsbluff. The impact on protecting the grain yield. “The clinic featured presentations and research (wasp) is able to paralyze and incapacitate updates on crop issues and grower interests. the sawfly larvae early enough to reduce Among the topics for the day was ondamage,” Easterly said. going research in battling the wheat stem Team Sawfly is investigating a new projsawfly. A native to Nebraska, the insect has ect that involves transporting the wasps in become a big problem for wheat growers bales of straw to areas with sawfly infestain the Panhandle. The High Plains Ag Lab tions. The straw bales will come from the (HPAL) has spent many years and extensive High Plains Ag Lab, which Team Sawfly research on the sawfly done by Team Sawfly considers a parasitoid wasp nursery. and Vinicius Zuppa, a graduate student.

“We want to move those wasps, who will “One of the bigger findings we’re seeing be in bales of straw. So that we can release under sawfly infestation is smaller wheat those good guys into fields infested by heads. So, not only are we losing yield to sawfly,” said Pin-Chu Lai, Nebraska Extenlodging and the inability to harvest. We’re sion Entomologist. “It’s a big project that also seeing that it’s actually taking a toll involves a lot of collaboration and expertise. on photosynthate going up to the grain,” So, we’re excited and we’ll be doing a lot said Amanda Easterly, Nebraska Extension of monitoring and moving straw around this dryland cropping specialist. coming season.”

A bright spot in the research is the inThe European corn borer was another crease in Bracon spp., a parasitoid wasp and insect pest discussed at the Crop Production Clinic. This pest has not been a problem since 1996, when BT crops, including corn, were introduced, and the borer’s populations decreased. However, the insect is back on the Extension radar as it has developed some resistance to BT crops in Canada and Plant On Dryland Plant If Your Pivot Only Pumps 400gal/ the northeastern U.S. “The European corn borer is a small light-colored moth On the Market with small whitish larvae rt ever a Repo N since 1979 who have shiny black heads ill of Winter K (and still unbeatable) and some dark spots on Greenway them,” said Julie Peterson, Nebraska Extension Entod mologist. “There are two ylan ing Dr se We are a non-GMO Plant generations a year, so for When fa always u Alfalfa seed house! Never Alfal ed seed! the first generation, you’re t a co a positive hit for e it!) s prov u This Alfalfa has been called a tetraploid anomaly by alfalfa t e going to be looking around L ( GMO breeders. On the market since 1979, and being improved twice, June in your vegetative It remains the highest yielding, low water alfalfa on the market! stage corn.”

The borer caterpillar has a distinct feeding pattern HERE’S WHAT GROWERS ARE SAYING: (More testimonials available on our website) that looks like small hole “We normally plant dryland alfalfa the third week in May, but spring moisture allowed us to plant punches in a line across the Steve Garrett - Casper, WY April 23. By 1st cut the 360-D was up to my shirt pockets.” corn leaves. As the caterpillar eats, it tunnels into the “We get 2 Ton in a bad water year and 4 Ton in a good water year on dryland with 360-D.” corn plant. The second genCal Oliveras - Albin, WY eration appears at tasseling “The best dryland alfalfa ever raised. The leafiness was surprising.” or just past tasseling, burFred Walters - 40 Mile Colony / Lodge Grass, MT rows into the corn stalk or “We love that alfalfa! We get 2 cuts on dryland, and we are ordering for the fourth time.” the ear, and feeds, damaging Skip Ahlgren, Rocking TS Cattle - Winnett, MT the stalk or ear and decreasing yield.

“We planted 2200 lbs of 360-D. Considering the ‘not so good’ soil we planted 360-D on, and our high Peterson said that while altitude, and less than needed rainfall, the 360-D did well enough that we will definitely plant it again” BT resistance by the EuMarlin Geier - Osage, WY ropean corn borer has not FREE SWEET CORN SEED WITH ORDERS! been detected in Nebraska, growers should be aware of Alan Greenway √ Will produce AT LEAST 80% of crop with 50% of water it and be on the lookout for Seedsman √ Will produce a subsequent cutting after water is gone the pest.

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##### Little Johnny is making faces at school. The teacher catches him at it and says, “You know when I was little and made faces, my dad told me a secret. And that is that when you keep making faces, your face finally can’t go back and you end up really ugly.”

Little Johnny quiets and says, “Well, at least you were warned…”

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C28

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By Samantha Daniel, UNL So far this year, much of Nebraska has yet to receive measurable snowfall. Hopefully this pattern doesn’t last too long as the benefits of snow cover to winter forages, especially alfalfa, are significant.

The most significant roles snow cover has in protecting winter forages is to provide insulation and prevent evaporation from the soil. By trapping heat energy, snow cover limits the depth of the frost layer which protects forages from the damaging freeze-thaw cycle and mitigates winter kill. The effectiveness of this protection is dependent on how early in the season the snow cover is established. Late fall and early winter snowstorms collect and insulate the ground before too much heat is lost from the soil.

Having some stubble at the end of the growing season is a great way to catch this much-needed snow. If a late season harvest is unavoidable, cut high to ensure snow trapping stubble can still function. In an ideal situation, this snow insulation, winter hardy variety selection, and giving forages the chance to properly winterize in the fall will keep winter kill to a minimum.

Snow is a great insulator and can help forages survive the winter. While snow may not always be a welcome sight, it can help to ensure your winter forage crop survives and thrives next season.

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2014 Case IH RB565 baler, ISO, laced belts, x-wide pickup, casters, roller windguard, large flotation tires, net/twine, 15,958 bales. stk# 22476......................................... $35,900 (L) John Deere 18-in. planer, 14 pin control, carbide teeth, high flow. stk# 31623.......... $9900 (G)

AUGERS

2010 John Deere 568 baler, twine, 1000 PTO, roller windguard, large float tires, 19,886 bales. stk# 31510......................... $9900 (G) 2004 Hesston 956A baler, twine only. stk# 9821.............................................. $3490 (G) Hesston 856A baler, 15,050 bales. stk# 22105........................................... $4900 (G)

Great Falls Sales:

2024 NEW Westfield WCX3 1549FMD conveyor, 37 hp EFI engine, self propelled kit, hydraulic kit. stk#32081............. $47,000 (G) 2011 Westfield MK13LP hopper. stk# 14046... ..................................................... $4500 (G)

James – (406) 868-2570; Will – (406) 590-0372; Tucker - (406) 440-5813 www.hovenequipment.com

406-727-7153

4181 North Park Trail - Great Falls, MT (G)

Lewistown Sales:

Anna – (406) 231-4251

406-538-3919

77335 US HWY 87 - Lewistown, MT (L)

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C29

406-727-7153

www.hovenequipment.com

Great Falls Sales:

4181 North Park Trail - Great Falls, MT (G)

James – (406) 868-2570; Will – (406) 590-0372; Tucker - (406) 440-5813

77335 US HWY 87 - Lewistown, MT (L)

Anna – (406) 231-4251

406-538-3919

CONSTRUCTION

2022 Bobcat E42 Mini Excavator, 400 engine hours. stk# 29370..................... $69,900 (G) 2022 Bobcat E35 Mini Excavator, 33 hp, 414 engine hours. stk# 29371.......... $59,900 (G) 2022 Bobcat E35 Mini Excavator, 25 hp, 403 engine hours. stk# 29373.......... $55,900 (G) 2024 Case CX37 Mini Excavator, New trade-in!

Excellent condition, 200 hours. stk# 32270.. .................................................. $54,000 (G)

2021 Bobcat 5600 Toolcat, Brand-new engine with 0 hours and warranty! Deluxe cab & high flow. stk# 32095................. $69,000 (G) 2017 Bobcat MT85 stand on loader with Bobcat Interface, 1652 hours, Diamond tread turf tracks, new wide tracks & 44” bucket, Kubota D902-EF01 engine. stk# 32149..$18,000 (G) 2010 Bobcat 325 excavator, open station, thumb on boom, good tracks, 3470 engine hours. stk#32024....................... $19,500 (G) 2022 Bobcat T740 Compact Track Loader, 430 engine hours, Power Bobtach, 7 pin, dual direction bucket positioning, ride control, reverse fan. stk# 29376............. $69,900 (G) 2023 Case TV370B Compact Track Loader, New trade-in! Excellent condition, low hours. stk# 32264................................. $57,900 (G) 2023 Bobcat S740 Skidsteer, 144 engine hours. stk# 29380................................. $60,500 (G)

1994 Bobcat 773 Skidsteer. stk# 31453.......... .................................................. $14,900 (G) 2024 Case SR340B Skidsteer. New trade-in! 2 speed, cab A/C & heat ride control, ISO & H pattern controls, LCD display, rear weights, standard flow, block heater, 12x16.5 severe duty tires, 209 hours. stk# 32271................. .................................................. $47,900 (G)

SPRAYERS

Let us show you what we can do for your bottom line with this NH 310 sprayer fully equipped with a nearly new $230,000 Weed-It system!

Spray weeds, not dirt.

2017 New Holland LM7.42 Elite telehandler, reverse fan, rear hyd couple, ext. tool box, continuous flow aux hyd, Bluetooth & aux radio, bucket/grapple, engine hours 3621. stk# 22833..................................$95,000 (L) Quick Attach Sledge Pounder skidsteer mount. stk# 29228........................ $2900 (G) 2018 JCB 48” pallet fork. stk# 31522..$850 (G) 2011 Bobcat 80 dozer blade. stk# 31340........ ..................................................... $5965 (G) Quick Attach 68” angle blade. stk# 32129..(G) Bobcat 68” angle broom. Good bristles. stk# 32128...................................................... (G) 2019 Bobcat 8B wood chipper, lightly used, skidsteer attachment, two side attachment, hydraulic drive. stk# 31613..................... (G) High Volume 66” bucket, skid steer attachment. stk# 29035...................................... $650 (G) 2018 Bobcat 68” bucket. Includes blot on cutting edge. stk# 23986.......................... $1245 (G) 2014 Bobcat drop hammer. stk# 17553........... ..................................................... $5900 (G)

Lewistown Sales:

TRACTORS

BALE PROCESSORS

2024 Kubota LX3310HSD tractor, 32 hp, hydrostatic transmission, 74 hours, with warranty. stk# 32065................................. $26,900 (G) 2007 John Deere 9520 tractor, new tires, 4 remotes, buddy seat, Trimble GPS, hydraulic steering, 6219 engine hours. stk# 31467...... ................................................. $163,400 (L) Steiger PT225 tractor. stk# 20554..$25,000 (G)

2023 Vermeer BPX9010 R&S processor, 1000 PTO, right hand discharge. stk# 29565......... ................................................... $29,900 (L)

2009 Vermeer BPX8000 processor, round only. stk# 11189................................. $14,900 (G) 2016 Haybuster 2665 processor, round bale only, fine cut. stk# 32154............ $18,000 (L) 2006 New Holland TS130A tractor with loader/ grapple, Semi powershift, cab, 3 remotes, rear wheel weight, 540/1000 PTO, 4529 engine hours. stk# 31403........... $79,900 (L) 1988 Case 2096 tractor, DuAl 310 loader, 130 hp., 3 rear remotes, 10,871 engine hours. stk# 31858.................................. $31,250 (L) 2022 Bobcat CT2025 HST tractor, 56 engine hours. stk# 29350....................... $24,000 (L) 2004 Massey-Ferguson 1428V tractor. stk# 7266............................................. $8900 (G)

UTV VEHICLE

2022 Maverick X3 DS RR UTV. New trade-in!

Excellent condition, low hours. stk# 32272........ .................................................. $21,900 (G)

SWATHERS

MTD 31A-611D000 22”, 2 stage snowblower. stk# 26304...................................... $400 (G) Ignite 68” snow blade, skidsteer mount, back drag optional attachment. stk# 32040........... ..................................................... $2800 (G) 1986 Toro 38120 snowblower 2.5 hp, 2 cycle, recoil and electric start. stk# 32166..$170 (G)

RAKES

COMBINE

2012 Case 7120 combine, full GPS, leather seat, yield and moisture, man tank, lateral tilt, standard rotor, small grain, 3271 hours. stk# 32235................................. $62,000 (G) 2011 Case 7120 combine, full GPS, HID lights, fine cut chopper, man grain tank, leather seat, 4156 hours. stk# 32234............. $38,000 (G) 2009 Case 7120 combine, HID lights, cloth seat, standard rotor, small grain, 4889 hours. stk# 32232........................................ $38,000 (G) 2009 Case 7120 combine, standard chopper, cloth seat, HID lights, standard rotor, small grain, 5170 hours. stk# 32233... $38,000 (G)

2023 NEW Morris 1400 Hayhiker, 14 round bale hay wagon. stk# 30270............. $55,000 (G) 2022 NEW Massey Ferguson 66” grapple.

Grapple kit for 82” bucket. stk# 29284.... (G) 2018 Manitou 96” grapple bucket. Mount for New Holland/Gehl/Manitou. stk# 22839..$5888 (L) 72” bucket. stk# 26358....................... $700 (G) Howard M100 rotavator, 3-pt., 100” tiller. stk# 32199............................................$4000 (L) 2014 Danuser F8 3-pt. post hole digger with 12” bit. stk# 18366. ............................ $1200 (G) 2019 Danuser 200173 18” rock auger bit with 2” hex head. stk# 29016............... $1800 (G)

SNOW REMOVAL

2020 New Holland 260 swather, 411 engine hours, full GPS, DLX cab, suspended axle/ cab, single caster, LED lights, DLX mirrors, 419 header. stk# 25673........... $189,000 (L)

2022 NEW New Holland 1631 rake, 16 wheel high capacity, single side opening, 60”, rear tandems, rear hydraulic opening. stk# 28671. .Payments as low as $5530/oac (G) 2022 New Holland 230 7 bar, hydraulic rake. stk# 28667..................................$49,900 (L) 2009 New Holland HT154 12 wheel rake, needs 2 new tires. stk# 31739................ $9500 (G) 2013 Vermeer R2300 hydraulic 23-ft. rake. stk# 25560.........................................$19,000 (L) 2019 New Holland SP310F sprayer, 1200 gallon, Weed-It System, Mono Boom, 120-ft., 5-way nozzles, auto rinse, ISO, Full GPS, 2960 hours. stk# 24818........... $479,900 (G) 2005 New Holland SF115 sprayer. stk# 28655.. ....................................................$12,000 (G)

MISCELLANEOUS

2008 Vermeer 2300 hydraulic basket rake. stk# 31803.........................................$19,000 (L) 2006 Vermeer R2300 rake. stk# 8029............. .................................................. $12,900 (G)

Hesston 12 wheel rake. stk# 30919.$13,000 (L)

2019 Toro 34225 stand on spreader. stk# 25200........................................... $5000 (G)

SQUARE BALER

2021 New Holland 260 swather, 371 engine hours, GPS complete, high speed, 600# weight, 419 header attached. stk# 27182.... .................................................$179,000 (L) 2017 MacDon M1240 swather with 16-ft. R85 header, No GPS, draper ready, cap & rear axle suspension, LED lights, Bluetooth radio, steel conditioner, shear protection. Excellent condition. 749 engine hours. stk# 21654...... ................................................ $144,900 (G)

2022 Vermeer TM1410 swing tongue with floats, 2 remotes, electric, hydraulic kits, 1000 PTO. stk# 29072................................. $59,900 (G)

2014 New Holland 340 big square baler, density control, tandem axle, ISO intellview, large 1000 PTO, roller chute, roller windguard, new needles & knotters, bale count of 11,402.

With a free one-season warranty. stk# 30935........................................ $89,900 (G)

Check us out on our Website at

www.hovenequipment.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C30

Neal Hay Sales Alfalfa, grass, hay barley, grass alfalfa mix 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cutting dairy quality alfalfa. Test available.

Delivery available.

Located at Augusta, Montana Phone or text (406) 590-8916

Building truck tarps for grain trailers Call or check out our website for more info:

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FLAMAN RENTALS Ag Equipment Rentals & Sales

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Impacts of beef hot carcass weight on steak palatability

Christina Bakker, Assistant Professor and SDSU Extension Meat Science Specialist METHODS USED The U.S. beef industry is constantly Beef carcasses at a commercial packevolving, with producers striving for maxiing plant with marbling scores of Slight mum efficiency and high product quality.

(USDA Select) or Small (Low Choice) Since 1991, the average beef hot carcass were categorized by HCW into one of three weight (abbreviated as HCW) has increased groups: Lightweight (650 to 750 pounds), from approximately 760 pounds to just shy Middleweight (850 to 950 pounds), and of 900 pounds in 2024. This large increase Heavyweight (1,025 to 1,155 pounds). in HCW has created hurdles for the meat These carcasses were tracked through the industry, as meat processors must modify plant, and the research team collected strip equipment and practices designed to handle loin (New York Strip steak), Eye of Round, lighter carcasses. Additionally, branded and Denver Cut subprimals. Steaks were cut beef programs, such as Certified Angus from each subprimal and used in a consumer Beef, have increased the upper limit on sensory panel to evaluate the characteristics HCW the programs can accept. While it is of overall liking, flavor liking, texture likclear that increased HCWs are here to stay, ing, toughness, juiciness, and off flavor. little research has been done to determine Liking ratings were rated on a 120-point if increased carcass weights impact steak scale with 0 meaning greatest imaginable palatability. disliking and 120 meaning greatest imaginable liking. Toughness, juiciness, and off flavor were evaluated on a 20-point scale with 0 meaning none and 20 meaning extremely intense for off flavor, extremely tough for toughness, and extremely juicy for juiciness.

FINDINGS Hot carcass weight did not impact any sensory characteristics for Low Choice, Denver Cut steaks. However, scores for overall liking, texture liking, and juiciness were lower, and juiciness was increased, for Lightweight Select Denver Cut steaks compared to Middleweight Select Denver (Courtesy: U.S. Department of Agriculture) Cut steaks. Minimal differences were seen Research at South Dakota State Uniamong weight groups for Select New York versity Strip (abbreviated as NYS) steaks, but South Dakota State University recently Low Choice NYS steaks from Lightweight published a research article titled Influence of carcasses had decreased flavor liking and Beef Hot Carcass Weight on Sensory Charincreased toughness scores compared to acteristics of Strip Loin, Eye of Round, and Middleweight carcasses.

Denver Cut Steaks in the open access journal The most differences were observed in Foods. This article evaluates the impact of Low Choice Eye of Round (abbreviated as HCW and product aging (the time between EOR) steaks, where Lightweight steaks had animal harvest and consumption) on steak decreased overall liking, flavor liking, and palatability. This article will summarize the impact HCW had on sensory characteristics.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C31

Impacts of beef hot carcass weight

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C31

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE C30

texture liking as well as decreased juiciness and increased toughness compared to Middleweight carcasses. The increase in toughness was also mirrored in Select EOR steaks.

Conclusion These data suggest that HCW differentially impacts steak palatability. New York Strip steaks were less impacted by HCW than Denver Cut or Eye of Round steaks. Select Denver Cut steaks were more impacted than Low Choice steaks, and Low Choice Eye of Round steaks were more impacted than Select steaks. Overall, it appears that when sensory characteristics were impacted, steaks from Lightweight carcasses had less desirable traits compared to steaks from Middleweight carcasses, and few differences were observed between Middleweight and Heavyweight carcasses. ##### Four elderly friends were out golfing when the first said, “It seems as if these holes are getting longer every year,” “It also seems like the sand traps are getting bigger, as well,” said the second man. The third golfer agreed, saying, “Not only that, but is it just me or are the hills getting steeper, as well?” “Agreed,” said the fourth and final friend. “However, we should be thankful that at least we’re all still on the top side of the grass.”

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MT Raska

MT Carlson

MT Raska is an early flowering semidwarf durum variety that has high yield potential, maintains high test weight even under very dry conditions and has very good standability under sawfly pressure.

MT Raska gets its name from longtime industry leader and former executive director of the Montana Grain Growers Association, Lola Raska. If you are tooking to grow a new durum variety on your farm, MT Raska is the top choice!

Released by Montana State University in 2023 its high grainfield potential, MT Carlson also has moderate wheat stem sawfly resistance and tolerance to aluminum in soils. MT Carlson is resistant to common races of stem rust. MT Carlson also has good end-use quality making it an excellent variety for Montana producers!

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MT 457 (P)

MT 457 is a semi-dwarf green cotyledon pea with tendrilled leaf morphology. I attains a plant height of between 60 and 110 cm depending on the growing condition environment. Plant morphology is primarily a single stem, however, branches from the lower stems may appear under good growing conditions. MT 457 has white flowers with 2 flowers borne at each reporoductive node. Three flowers at a single node is possible, but rare. A single plant produces flowers and pods at between 3 and 6 nodes depending on growing conditions. MT 457 is a higher protein variety.

MISCELLANEOUS FOR SALE

Valmar 245 pull type applicator. Reconditioned.......$16,000 Truck flatbed for larger truck........................................$1000 2003 Mercury Marquis 73,500 miles, mint condition ...$9500 Gysler 30-ft. plow........................................................$1000 1977 Ford pickup, Collector’s dream..........................$8500

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Greg Woods (406) 399-0488 • Matthew Woods (406) 399-3640

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C32

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New explorations of wheat stem sawfly management

By Reagan Cotton, MSU News Service Two graduate students in Montana State fertilizing it to maintain stands, you can University’s College of Agriculture have make brome more valuable to sawflies, and published new research on two aspects of also valuable to the parasitoids that help management for one of the region’s most control them,” said Strand, who completed damaging agricultural pests. his master’s degree in entomology this fall Wheat stem sawflies cost agricultural and will continue at MSU to begin his docproducers millions of dollars in losses each toral studies later this month. year, according to the Montana Wheat and While Strand’s research focused on Barley Committee. Surveys conducted by managing known infestations of sawfly, the National Agricultural Statistics Service Ermatinger explored new ways to identify found that nearly a quarter of respondents in and predict infestation in the first place.

Montana had lost up to 10% of their yield to Ermatinger, who is originally from Misthe pest, and total losses statewide for 2024 soula, arrived at MSU in 2016 and comwere estimated at $66 million. pleted a bachelor’s degree in environmental Doctoral student Jackson Strand and science with a focus in geospatial and envimaster’s student Lochlin Ermatinger in ronmental analysis. He found himself drawn the Department of Land Resources and to remote sensing and GIS, or geographic Environmental Sciences worked alongside information systems, which uses data from MSU professor David Weaver to explore satellites, drones and other technology to two aspects of sawfly management. Their create advanced mapping programs. novel approaches help better understand the True to the many complications with their pest’s impact and vulnerabilities. management, wheat stem sawflies spend Strand’s research has examined the immost of their life cycle within the stem of a pact of smooth brome, a common grass in wheat plant, Ermatinger said. That means Montana, on sawfly populations in wheat. that seeing their damage from the outside is Ermatinger applied remote sensing techmuch more difficult than with other pests. niques to develop a model predicting sawfly “Truly understanding what infestation infestation. Both students published their looks like requires a lot of stem dissection,” findings this fall, Strand in the Journal of he said. “We started exploring the use of Economic Entomology and Ermatinger in remote sensing with satellite images and the journal Remote Sensing. combining that with stem dissection to try “There’s a strong demand for solutions and produce a map.” other than pesticides — which don’t work Ermatinger collected data on three for wheat stem sawfly — and finding a scales: spatial, spectral and temporal. By solution that’s sustainable for growers who measuring the spectrum of light reflected may not have a lot of time or resources to by wheat fields across a large area and over do things like plant different crops,” said time, then comparing that data with where Strand of his research. “We’re trying to sawfly infestation was confirmed through figure out if smooth brome is beneficial physical analysis of wheat stems, he built and if we can help promote populations of a model that could use small variations in parasitoids that otherwise sometimes fluctureflected light to estimate infestation across ate across seasons and regions.” an entire field.

Parasitoids are insects that act as biocon“You can’t manage something that you trols, in this case against wheat stem sawcan’t measure. Our hope is that we can use flies. Parasitoids can go about this in differthis to objectively make better estimates,” ent ways, but the ones Ermatinger focused Ermatinger said. “We’re able to estimate on operate by paralyzing and then eating the now, to a degree of statistical significance, sawfly larvae that feed inside wheat stems. what the infestation rate is. It really showed Because parasitoids are native insects, they us that capturing images across the life of show potential as a natural management tool these plants is important.” to mitigate damage, Strand said. He found Both Ermatinger and Strand worked onthat if smooth brome is present near wheat farm with Montana agricultural producers fields, both the sawflies and the parasitoids while conducting their research, noting that may gravitate to it. those relationships helped them to gain a Through greenhouse experiments and deeper perspective of the direct applicability laboratory analysis, Strand sought to idenof the work they were doing. tify why that might be by measuring and They have also both progressed to more comparing the volatiles released by smooth advanced degrees than they initially planned brome and wheat. Volatiles are naturally at MSU: Strand from a master’s degree on occurring chemicals released by plants, to a doctorate, and Ermatinger from his increasing in intensity when they are under undergraduate studies to a master’s. They stress. credited the collaborative and supportive “The plants that were exposed to sawflies environment of the Department of Land expressed different compounds than the Resources and Environmental Sciences for ones that weren’t,” said Strand, who comencouraging their continued exploration. pleted his undergraduate degree at the Uni“I never saw myself as someone who’d versity of Minnesota before arriving at MSU go on to get a graduate degree. I thought that in 2021 to begin graduate studies. “Smooth was out of reach. But MSU has been a great brome produces the same compounds as the community,” said Ermatinger. “It’s shown wheat, but in higher quantities. The sawflies me that you can explore anything you want are triggering a stress response in the plant, to, it’s all about who you have around you and then the parasitoids are keying in on and what you’re interested in. It’s made me those compounds and finding their hosts.” understand my home state in a new way.”

Smooth brome is not a native plant, Strand said, but is widespread around Mon##### tana, particularly near roadways, where it Little Johnny asks the teacher, “Mrs was once used to mitigate erosion. While Roberts, can I be punished for something I intentionally planting brome isn’t recomhaven’t done?” mended, he noted that fostering what Mrs Roberts is shocked, “Of course not, already exists could provide an appealing Johnny, that would be very unfair!” alternative for sawflies, consequentially Little Johnny is relieved, “OK Mrs Robprotecting nearby wheat crops. erts, sorry, I haven’t done my homework.”

“By not mowing it or by occasionally

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 – Page C33

Billings, Montana

• BUY • SELL Big Timber, Montana • RENT Greg 406-690-2754 Jim 406-690-0737

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2011 Sky Trak 6042 Telehandler

1963 hours, enclosed ROPS with heat, ready to work.$36,000

2012 Bobcat T770 Skidsteer

1084 low hours, no emissions, Q/A, heat and A/C, radio............ ...................................................................................$56,000

2008 Cat 277C Skidsteer

2005 Cat D3G Dozer

Hours 3016, heat and A/C, radio, tight machine.........$35,000

2013 Genie 1056 Telehandler

Hours 938, just serviced works and runs as should, clean unitl.. ...................................................................................$15,995

Hours 4385, has ripper, open ROPS, 6 way blade, clean dozer................................................................................$45,000

2007 JLG 400S Boom Lift

Hours 2708, clean, great running machine, all operates as should.........................................................................$35,000

Toro Dingo TX525

Open ROPS, 3680 hours, great running machine......$66,600

2007 Deere 310SJ Backhoe

4519 hours, heat and A/C, just serviced, no leaks, 4x4............... ...................................................................................$45,995

2023 Bobcat E88 Excavator

Deere 331G Skidsteer 2022 hours 758, heat and A/C, standard flow, clean unit.. ........................................................................... $75,000

Hours 159, metal tracks, heat and A/C, thumb backfill blade...... ................................................................................ $112,000

2004 Cat 420D Backhoe

1500 hours, heat and A/C, chains and bale spear, 4x4. Very clean machine............................................................$54,995

1989 Kiefer Sportsmaster

16-ft. horse trailer............................................................$4700

2023 Deere 160G Excavator

730 hours excellent condition, Heat, A/C thumb.... $198,000

2016 Cat 299D2 Skidsteer

Hours 3003. Great running machine, was recently serviced, tooth bucket................................................................$49,000

2018 Gehl RS519 Telehandler

Open ROPS, very clean, 1563 hours.........................$54,000

2019 Bobcat S450 Skidsteer

Hours 1870, open ROPS, nice machine just serviced.$31,000

2020 Bobcat E35 Excavator

Hours 193, thumb, angle blade, heat and A/C. Like new machine...........................................................................$56,000

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2004 Cat 615C Scraper

Hours show 314 replaced between 5000-6000 hours, good running scraper............................................................. $129,000

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C34

LOG SHELL FOR SALE ED

C REDU

1800 square foot full scribed log shell, 10” avg. diameter full length logs, lodge pole pine, hand crafted by Blackfoot Valley Log Homes. Roof logs and house plans available.

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Where quality and service are #1 Phone Omar (406) 425-5372 47 Blanchard Butte Rd, Roberts, MT 59070

WE CARRY ALL PARTS & FILTERS for Case IH Self-Propelled Sprayers and Floater Trucks

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Pulse grains in wheat rotations can increase profits for farmers

By Clain Jones, MSU Extension soil fertility specialist and professor in MSU Department of Land Resources and Environmental Science An analysis by Montana State University a dry region where the annual precipitation researchers has shown that replacing sumis close to 14 inches. The study focused on mer fallow with a pulse grain crop, even in no-till winter wheat managed in rotation dry regions, can increase profits for farmers. with fallow, spring wheat, pea cover crop Farmers in regions with low precipitaand a pulse crop harvested for grain. The tion, such as Montana’s Golden Triangle, researchers managed the wheat with four know there is an economic risk to condifferent nitrogen rates: zero, 75%, 100% tinuous small grains cropping, according to and 150% of the MSU guideline of nearly Perry Miller, professor of sustainable crop3 pounds of nitrogen per bushel. ping systems in MSU’s Department of Land Pulse-wheat rotations had equal or Resources and Environmental Sciences. greater net returns than fallow-wheat rotaHowever, leaving fields fallow in summer tions during this eight-year study, Miller is not ideal for soil health and generates no said. Cover-wheat and continuous wheat revenue, he said. So, alternatives to fallow rotations had the lowest net returns. are being tried and have demonstrated ecoContinuous wheat had no net loss if no nomic success. nitrogen was added during years with a In a 2015 study, Miller found that, in low price penalty for low protein wheat. It relatively wet southwest Montana condialso had no net loss when less than 100% tions, pulses harvested for grain, in rotation recommended nitrogen was supplied during with wheat, provided higher net returns years with a high price penalty. compared to wheat in rotation with wheat, In all rotations, net returns were greatest fallow or legume cover. Further research at 100% of recommended nitrogen under a continued to test the results in dry regions. low protein discount. Under a high protein Meanwhile, Miller and his colleagues discount, net returns were greatest at 150% conducted an eight-year study in Big Sandy, of recommended nitrogen.

However, Clain Jones, MSU Extension soil fertility specialist, cautioned against using more than 3 pounds of nitrogen per bushel, especially on winter wheat.

“The small profit gains between 100% and 150% nitrogen might not offset the negative effects of soil acidification caused by higher nitrogen fertilization,” he said.

Jones and others have found that soil acidification due to applying more ammonium-based fertilizer than plants need can lead to yield losses.

“The yield of legumes, such as pea, decline below soil pH 5.7,” Jones said. In the Big Sandy study, soil pH was 5.8 in the continuous wheat and fallow-wheat plots. Soil pH in the pulsewheat rotation was around 6.1.

According to Jones, soil acidification is a growing issue occurring in wet and dry regions of Montana. Due to yield loss and the high costs of mitigating low pH with lime, the short-term benefits of greater nitrogen rates might be partly or fully negated.

“Alternating pulse crops with wheat not only provides an income in what would be the fallow year but also reduces the amount of nitrogen fertilizer required for the wheat rotation,” Miller said. Nitrogen fertilizer rates were reduced by 22 pounds per acre after the first pulse rotations in the site’s sandy loam soils.

More information about including pulse crops in wheat rotations can be found in Montana State University Fertilizer Facts No. 76 and 82 at https://landresources. montana.edu/fertilizerfacts/ index.html.

MBC promoting culinary education through beef grants

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C35

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Conrad, Montana cuts, igniting curiosity and excitement about The Montana Association of Family and cooking and meal preparation.

Consumer Sciences (AAFCS-MT), in colFurthermore, the program’s benefits laboration with the Montana Beef Council extended beyond students. Families were (MBC), launched a successful educational indirectly influenced as students brought initiative during the 2023-24 academic newfound knowledge and enthusiasm into year. By awarding mini-grants to schools, their homes. Several educators emphasized the program aimed to enhance culinary the importance of financial support, noting education and nutrition awareness through that these experiences would not have been hands-on activities centered on higher value possible without the MBC grant. cuts of beef. This effort, “Beef: A HealthConclusion ful Choice to Build a Stronger Montana,” The Montana Beef Mini-Grant Project impacted over 850 students and educators TUB GRINDER FOR SALE has proven to be an invaluable tool for enacross the state, helping students explore hancing culinary education and promoting culinary techniques, nutrition, and the value beef’s role in a nutritious diet. By encourof beef. aging students to explore diverse cuts and The program awarded $2,500 in gift cards preparation methods, the initiative has laid to 23 educators, enabling the purchase of a foundation for lifelong culinary skills and various beef cuts for use in culinary and informed food choices. As one educator put nutrition labs. Participants included Famit, “This grant was a game-changer for our ily and Consumer Sciences (FCS) educaculinary classes,” underscoring its transfortors and community extension agents. The mative impact on Montana’s FCS program. program reached 857 individuals, fostering Check out more information about the not only student engagement but also comMontana Beef Council throughout the year munity involvement.

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Educators integrated beef into their curriculums through diverse activities, including cooking competitions, beef cut analysis, meal planning, and recipe experimentation. Highlights from participating schools included: 1. Beaverhead County High School: Students practiced cooking filet mignon and prime rib, mastering pan-frying and basting techniques.

2. Big Sky High School: Participants learned about ENGINES • TRANSMISSIONS • HUNDREDS OF COMPONENTS AVAILABLE beef anatomy and fabricated cuts under the guidance of local butchers.

3. Flathead High School: Students smoked beef jerky, prepared fajitas, and made rich stock from roasted marrow bones, exploring advanced culinary techniques.

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The grant allowed students to work with premium beef cuts typically outside their schools’ budgets, fostering confidence and skills in handling high-quality ingredients. One student remarked, “I didn’t believe I could cook Country Fried N14 Cummins Celect Plus engines Steak at home until I suc(2) available cessfully prepared it in F.R.T. 2 speed Auxiliary Reduction Box. Many good tested Cummins Test run/fully inspected with 180 day class.”

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C36

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2000 Ford F750 flatbed with 7500 lb. crane, Cummins, 6 speed.................$17,500

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Take the Arctic Cold Quiz

By Julie Garden-Robinson, NDSU Extension food and nutrition “These blocks would be great for snow forts,” I thought to myself.

When I was a little kid, I would have been wearing kneehigh boots lined with bread bags as we built snow forts. All of the moms used the bread bag trick to help prevent our tender feet from getting wet and cold from leaking boots.

Back then, my mittens were attached with strings to keep them inside my coat. I was not exactly a fashionista back in the day. Actually, I was not looking very fashionable on this particular day, either.

I probably need to attach strings to my mittens because I keep misplacing them.

I was trying to distract myself from a difficult job as I took a trip down memory lane. I had cleared the driveway the previous evening.

A brisk wind had blown thick drifts onto our driveway during the night, and sub-zero temperatures had frozen the drifts into an impenetrable wall of snow. I was using an ice chipper to cut large blocks of snow and ice from my driveway. I cut large chunks then I carried them to the side of the driveway. A snow shovel would not pierce the snow, and a snowblower did nothing but cement the snow drift in place.

My eyelashes had become miniature icicles so I went inside.

As the recent temperatures dipped to be minus 20 to 25 degrees Fahrenheit, we were experiencing the extreme cold of January weather, which newscasters called an “arctic plunge.”

Let’s try an “Arctic Cold Quiz” to see if you have been paying attention to all the news alerts about dangerous cold weather. We have plenty of winter left, after all.

How far apart should a space heater be placed from fabric that could ignite, such as bedding, drapes or furniture?

In electricity outages, what is the danger posed by using camp stoves, grills or generators in a garage?

How much clean water per person should be on hand in a winter survival kit?

What types of foods should you keep in a winter survival kit for use at home?

Why should you allow water to drip in sinks during extreme cold?

What groups of people are particularly at risk of health issues when sleeping in cold rooms?

Name two types of beverages that should be avoided because they may cause your body to lose heat more rapidly.

What existing health conditions are particularly worrisome when you remove snow in the extreme cold?

What term refers to an abnormally low body temperature?

What term refers to an injury to the body that causes loss of feeling and color and commonly affects the ears, nose, cheeks, fingers and toes?

These are the answers, based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines: Keep space heaters at least 3 feet (36 inches) away from materials that could catch on fire.

Generators, grills and similar items can emit carbon monoxide gas, which can be deadly. These items should be used in well ventilated areas.

Allow 5 gallons of water per person in a winter survival kit if water pipes freeze.

Keep nonperishable food on hand that does not require cooking, such as bread, crackers, cereal and dried fruit and dried meat such as jerky.

A slow drip of water can help prevent pipes from freezing.

Infants and older adults are particularly vulnerable to low temperatures.

Caffeinated and alcohol-containing beverages should be avoided in extreme weather conditions. Warm beverages such as herbal tea or cocoa will do a better job of warming you.

High blood pressure and heart disease could lead to sudden heart attacks during snow shoveling.

Hypothermia means your body is losing heat faster than it is being produced. It is more common in extreme cold but it can happen when a person gets chilled from rain, perspiration or falling in water, even when temperatures are above 40 degrees Fahrenheit. Look for shivering, exhaustion, drowsiness and red cold skin. Move the person to a warm area, remove wet clothing and cover with blankets. Get medical help.

Frostbite can be very serious. Move the person to a warm area. Feet or hands can be submerged in warm, not hot, water. Avoid having the person walk on frostbitten feet. Seek medical help.

Trader’s Dispatch, Febuary 2025 — Page C37

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C38

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Now that’s rural: Clint Brauer, Greenfield Robotics

By Ron Wilson, director of the Huck Boyd National Institute for Rural Development at Kansas State University Who is running through my fields and cutting down the weeds? Or maybe I should ask, what is running through my fields and cutting down the weeds?

Today we’ll meet a rural entrepreneur who has founded a business producing autonomous robots that use mechanical means to cut down weeds close to the ground on broadacre crops across the Midwest.

It sounds like science fiction, but it’s happening in rural Kansas.

After graduating from K-State, he worked as a technology executive in Los Angeles. During that 14-year career, he was a data systems pioneer at Sony, launched a Sony e-book system in North America, and was vice president of marketing for Fox Interactive Media.

When his father developed Parkinson’s disease, Brauer moved back to Kansas.

“When he got sick, I started to run the farm -- which is still going strong – and around then was when the initial idea for Greenfield Robotics was germinated,” Brauer said.

“When my dad passed away from Parkinson’s disease, I wanted to create a way to reduce reliance on chemicals in farming, and ultimately remove them altogether,” Brauer said.

In 2018, he launched Greenfield Robotics. “We aim to create regenerative, herbicide-free farming solutions through the use of autonomous robots, which are built right here in Kansas,” Brauer said.

These robots look like yellow metal boxes on wheels with a short antenna on the top. The chassis is approximately two feet wide and five feet long.

The robots are autonomous and leverage artificial intelligence in the forms of machine vision and learning. The chassis can attach to various types of attachments, such as blades for cutting weeds, and be programmed to go through a field cutting down weeds, for example.

With other modular attachments, these robots can be used to plant cover crops, add nutrients such as sea kelp to crops, and more.

In practice, the robots are deployed by the company, rather than purchased by the farmer. “We deploy the robots, retrieve them when the job is done and handle any potential maintenance,” Brauer said.

When used for cutting weeds on broadacre crops, the robots greatly reduce the need for herbicides.

“These robots are capable of navigating between rows of crops like soybeans, cotton and sorghum with less crop damage than a traditional spray rig,” Brauer said. “They cut down weeds close to the ground, with spinning blades attached to the front of each robot, and are capable of running day and night.”

Each robot can weed one-half to one acre in an hour. The robots are deployed as a fleet.

“The primary benefit of our technology is that it allows farmers to greatly reduce their reliance on herbicides, which has positive implications for both human health and the environment,” Brauer said. “By reducing reliance on chemicals to kill weeds, farmers can improve soil integrity, reduce their input costs, control herbicide-resistant ‘superweeds’ and produce cleaner, healthier crops for consumers.”

This cutting edge technology has caught the eyes of others. “These wins helped us get financial backing from major players in the industry, including Chipotle, MKC – a major grain co-op with 11,000 farmers as members – and ILS, one of the nation’s largest beef producers,” Brauer said.

More advances are ahead. Greenfield Robotics is working with Rock River Laboratories to conduct field trials where the sensors on the robots will detect nutrient deficiencies in crops and provide actionable data to the producer.

“We hope this can revolutionize crop nutrient management,” Brauer said. “We continue to develop new services to help write a new chapter in agriculture.”

How remarkable to find this high-tech company in Cheney, population 2,181 people. Now, that’s rural.

For more information, go to www.greenfieldrobotics.com.

MFB announces 2025 ACE Leadership Class The Montana Farm Bureau Federation announces their ACE (Advocate. Communicate. Educate) Leadership Program class for 2025. This is the ACE Leadership Program’s eighth year of empowering Farm Bureau members to become confident and effective leaders in their local communities, for Montana agriculture and for their county Farm Bureaus.

The program provides its participants with skills to communicate industry issues and represent Farm Bureau interests at the local, state and national level. ACE successfully does this by focusing on leadership development, engaging local communities and issues advocacy.

“Montana Farm Bureau is committed to developing strong leaders for our rural communities and our state’s numberone industry,” said MFBF ACE Program Co-Coordinator, Sue Ann Streufert. “We have another high-caliber group of leaders in our 2025 ACE Class. We look forward to delivering six seminars packed with the skills these Farm Bureau members need to effectively advocate for agriculture and to become increasingly active in their county Farm Bureaus.”

The year-long program kicked off in January in Bozeman and will be followed by five more seminars across Montana.

During these trainings, ACE participants will hear from agriculture advocates, media professionals, communications specialists and policymakers. In between seminars, they’ll also participate in virtual one-on-one coaching with an expert in leadership and personal development.

The 2025 ACE Class Kayla Christians, Helena Lauren Kett, Livingston Riley Larson, Lewistown Kasydi Lucas, Helena Amanda Martin, Ulm Makae Reed, Twin Bridges Andy Schwab, Billings Mackenzie Serrano, Dillon Cody Shick, Choteau Kim Woodring, Cut Bank To learn more about the ACE Program, visit: https://mfbf. org/Programs/ACE-Program.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C39

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C40

Winter Pasture Report: What’s your plan for spring?

Wood, coal, or biomass.

We have options for your heating needs!

By: Kaylee Wheeler, SDSU Extension Range Field Specialist What are the current drought condito promote plant recovery and provide artions? mor for the soil. Figure 3 shows an example Widespread drought conditions persist of grass that was grazed short (no snow across the upper Great Plains into the becover) compared to leaving adequate standginning of 2025 (Figure 1). Nearly threeing plant material (good snowpack). fourths of the region is experiencing abnorPlant residue acts like a sponge to abmally dry conditions, while a third of the sorb moisture and maintain those stores region is experiencing severe drought. Some far longer than bare soil in which moisareas in the western Dakotas and Nebraska ture quickly evaporates. Additionally, for have shown extreme drought conditions for producers relying on overwintered crops, several months now, while Wyoming has such as winter wheat, a good snow cover of experienced widespread severe and extreme at least 3 inches can prevent a substantial conditions. In general, conditions throughamount of winterkill on those plants (NDSU out the Great Plains LLC region have steadily & USDA). worsened with the lack of precipitation What are current climate outlooks in the last three months. In South Dakota, predicting? much of the state has received 50% or less Current seasonal precipitation outlook than normal precipitation since October 1, shows equal chances to above normal prob2024 2). e ability of receiving precipitation in Tr(Figure easur

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2004 Chevrolet C4500 6.6 Duramax, PS, AC, AT, 90% 225r19.5 tires, 81K miles, 12ft. service body, 16K GVW. Runs and drives great.$15,500 1995 International 4900 Hi-Rail Crane Truck 210hp DT466, 10spd, AC, PS, AB,7.5 ton National crane exh. brake, 60% 22.5 tires, full rail gear, aux. hydraulics...$15,500

Figure 1. U.S. Drought Monitor of the High Plains as of January 7, 2025.

1986 Freightliner FLC112 10 yd Dump 400 Cummins, Jake, 9spd, 15’ box, plumbed for pup, 75% 11r24.5’s, roll tarp, air gate, spring suspension, steel frame, runs and works great...$25,500 2005 JLG G6-42A 4x4x4 telehandler 6600 lbs. lift cap, 42-ft. lift height, JD 4045 turbo, 5600 hours, 4WD, Crab-Steering, 4 spd, powershift transmission, 48” Forks, 60% foam flled tires, weights 20K#, runs and works great............................$35,500 1992 International Crane Truck 10 ton lift capacity, 45-ft. reach, upper bucket controls, 18” auger, 240hp DTA466, 8II trans., 14-ft. service body, 90% 11r22.5’s, aux. hydraulics, runs and drives great...........$15,500 1991 Autocar 12-yard Dump 425 hp Cat 3406B, 18 spd., Jake, lift axle, full lockers, 15.5ft. box, 60% 11R24.5’s, 700K miles, pintle hitch, air gate, runs and drives great...$31,500 1997 Gradall 534C-10 Telehandler 4x4, 40’ lift height, 4BT Cummins, 7100 hrs, outriggers, 10K capacity, 60% 14.00x24 tires, runs and works great....... ....................................$32,500

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Generated 1/9/2025 at HPRCC using provisional data.

NOAA Regional Climate Centers Figure 2. Percent of normal precipitation in South Dakota from October 1, 2024, through January 8, 2025.

It is important for producers to assess fall precipitation, because it is very impactful for next year’s growing conditions. Especially in northern and mountainous states, snow can make up a significant amount of annual precipitation. In general, 10 inches of snow only equals 1 inch of rainfall.

Snow can play a significant role in increasing soil moisture levels and providing an insulating layer over the soil surface. It is important to leave pastures with adequate plant residue going into the dormant season

Figure 3. Comparison of plant residue amount with ability to capture snowfall moisture.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C42

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C41

406-265-9554 or 888-265-9554 1287 Highway 87 • Havre, MT 59501 Owner: Ron Harmon CELL: 406-265-0096

• www.bigequipment.com •

2014 Versatile SX 275 sprayer, 90-ft. booms, Raven AutoSteer. Larger rear tires, stock rear tires with rim comes with sprayer.

Like new condition.

Sale priced at $110,000

1985 International 3288 With 1221 hours, 90 hp, both PTO’s and 3-point.

1997 Case IH 9380 Cummins N14, 450 HP, 4WD, 24 speed Synchro transmission, front and rear weights. $90,000

2020 Versatile Vertical Tillage 5 angle adjustment, rolling basket, packers very good condition, $89,000

Wagner 14 recent engine work, has a Cummins 855, 400 hp $28,000

Agco 6690 with loader, 80.85 PTO hp. $19,500

Farm King 28-ft. heavy duty disk.

Great shape!

Sale priced at $49,500

Degelman 60-ft. heavy harrow $25,000

25-ft. pull type scraper, great condition $25,000

SeedHawk 40-ft. air drill with on-board tanks $35,000

Versatile 856 Very nice tractcor.

Tires are good.

Mechanically in great shape.

Sale priced $27,500

1998 Concord 3612 230 bushel tank, 36-ft., 12” spacing. $38,500 Peterbilt grain truck, box and hoist.

Good condition Sale price $25,000

Versatile 856 power shift, 75% tires, 7643 hours, good condition $39,500

Seedmaster 50-ft. drill with new packers, 12” spacing $95,000

Versatile 835 Clean tractor inside and out. Tires are good.

Sale priced at $22,500

2012 Versatile RT490 Cummins 490 hp, 340 bushel tank, straw chopper/spreader, 873/528 hours. $65,000

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1981 Versatile 835 Cummins NTA855, 230 hp, 4WD, 18.4-38 tires. $28,000

John Deere 1820 60-ft. air drill, 10” spacing, 1900 tow behind tank. $60,000

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Bourgault 5710 chisel plow $40,000

Renn 5501 50-ft., 5 section, field ready. $35,000 1978 Versatile 855 4WD, 250 hp, 4 remotes, duals, rubber 50%, local trade $25,000 Morris 7240 240 bushel tow between with 39-ft., 12” spacing, single shoot steel packers. $35,000

1982 Versatile 1150 Good tractor, have the triples just not on, runs great. $85,000 1982 Steiger Bearcat III ST225 225 hp, 4WD, 4 remotes, duals, 9100 hours. $25,000

1998 John Deere 9610 2WD, conventional, chopper/spreader combo, 6317 hours, 4480 separator hours. $40,000

1983 Versatile 835 III 250 hp, 4WD, 4932 hours, duals, 4 rear remotes, high flow hydraulics. $28,000 Friggstad 53 Clean Chisel Plow Nichols knock on shovels $22,000

Flexi-Coil 5000 45-ft., 9” spacing with steel packers. Excellent condition. New black frame Series 2340 tow between tank. $49,500

Big Bud 600/50 power shift transmission.

Recently rebuilt with upgrades. New paint and interior upgrades.

Tires - Trelleborg 900 x 32 75. $295,000

2016 Farm King 6650 32-ft., 3 section folding.

Very nice low acre disc. $59,500

See more photos and details!

www.bigequipment.com

1976 Versatile 850 II Nice older tractor, well taken care of, runs great. $28,000

1980 Versatile 875 280 hp, 6285 hours.

Runs great, tires are not the best. $28,000

Flexi-Coil 5000 Black Series with 3450 tank, 12” spacing steel packers. $49,000

CALL US FOR ALL YOUR RENTAL EQUIPMENT NEEDS! Ask about weekly & monthly rates, to schedule delivery, & more!

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C42

Do you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch? Have you found what you needed? Please, tell our advertisers!

STORAGE CONTAINERS & BRIDGES

Winter Pasture Report: What’s your plan for spring?

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C40

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Figure 4. NOAA Seasonal Precipitation Outlook for January through March 2025.

Scott Schmiedeke (406) 240-2572 Victor, MT

Henry Kallis (605) 639-1904 Spearfish, SD

See us on the web: www.tte-inc.com

2008 John Deere 310SJ 6245+/hours, enclosed cab with heat and air conditioning, cloth air ride seat, Power Shift transmission, 4x4, Extend-A-Hoe, switchable pilot controls, new rear tires, 24” backhoe bucket, diff lock, has been very well maintained, has been through the shop, recent service, excellent condition. Located in Spearfish, SD........................................... $52,500 2014 SkyTrak 6042 4115+/- hours, enclosed cab with heat, auxiliary hydraulics, manual coupler, 48” forks, 74” carriage, nice foam filled tires, 3-way steering, hydraulic frame tilt, 6000 lb lift, 42-ft. reach, has been through the shop all repairs have been made, just serviced, telehandler is in excellent condition. Located in Spearfish, SD.................................................................$51,900 2012 SkyTrak 10054 telehandler, 3785+- hours, 72” carriage, 60” forks, 3-way steering, stabilizers, frame tilt, foam filled tires, 10,000 pound lift capacity, 54-ft. reach, recent service, excellent condition, job site ready. Located in Spearfish, SD................................................................................$62,900.....$52,500 2009 Cat D9T C18 Engine, 12,894 hours, current service records on hand, single tilt blade and single shank ripper. This is a clean machine with service records and undercarriage measurements available. Call for details. Located in Spearfish, SD............................................... $394,900 2014 SkyTrak 6036 3150 hours, OROPS, 3-way steering, all wheel drive, 4-ft. fork carriage with 4-ft. forks, 6,000 lb. lift capacity, 36-ft. reach, 21,000 lb. operating weight.

Machine is in nice overall condition, serviced and job site ready.

Located in Victor, MT ..................................................................$42,900 2019 Kubota SVL75-2, 995 hours, enclosed cab heat and AC, hydraulic coupler, 78” bucket with bolt on edge, 75 hp, 6570 pound tip load.

Very nice condition. Located in Spearfish, SD....................$64,500 2005 Cat TH210 1955 hours, preemission machine, enclosed cab with heat and A/C, auxiliary hydraulics, joystick controls, skid steer quick attach, weighs approximately 12,500 lbs, 5000 lb lift, 18-ft. reach, has been through the shop, just serviced, excellent condition. Located in Spearfish, SD.......$59,900

Figure 5. NOAA Seasonal Drought Outlook for January through March 2025.

the upper Great Plains region (Figure 4).

However, seasonal drought outlooks predict a persisting drought in the region, with no expected improvements in the coming few months (Figure 5).

Regardless of how dry your area is, regular monitoring of precipitation and pasture conditions should still occur. With a lack of fall and winter precipitation thus far, it will be extremely important to receive adequate spring precipitation before the growing season begins.

The South Dakota Mesonet website is a comprehensive resource that includes drought monitors, climate predictions, and current and historic local weather data.

However, any producer can easily access up-to-date climate outlooks and weather data for their region through the U.S. Drought Monitor, the High Plains Regional Climate Center, and local Mesonet stations.

What are your plans for spring?

Although green grass is still far away, there are things to consider and plan for now. Given the current conditions and weather outlooks, delayed spring turnout and reduced stocking rates could be a very real possibility later in the year. If dormantseason precipitation is scarce, soil moisture can be quickly depleted, and the spring

green-up can be severely compromised. If so, are you prepared to feed livestock until adequate forage growth occurs? If spring precipitation is scarce, forage growth could be limited. If so, are you prepared to reduce stocking rates?

The beginning of a new year is a good trigger date to investigate the following questions and plan ahead for spring conditions.

Moisture/Climate • How much precipitation was received during last year’s growing season?

• How much precipitation was received during the fall?

• Are there chances of precipitation in the upcoming weeks?

• What drought conditions are being indicated now and predicted in the coming months?

Forage • How much forage production occurred during last year’s growing season?

• When was the last grazing event in your pastures?

• What is the current condition of your pastures (how much residual forage, soil cover, etc.)?

• What are your current feed resources?

CONTINUED ON PAGE C43

Winter Pasture Report: What’s your plan for spring?

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C42

Livestock • Are you maintaining herd flexibility (do you know which animals will be the first to go)?

• How long are you prepared to be able to feed livestock if new forage growth is limited?

• What is your plan if drought persists?

Unfortunately, drought conditions will periodically occur and cannot be avoided. However, your management decisions can determine the impact of the drought on your business. Proactive decision making and regular monitoring are the key to drought management. Often it is the decisions made during the “good times” that determine success during the “bad times.” It is better to make decisions early, while you still have options, than to be forced into a decision. Thus, it is extremely important for producers to regularly assess precipitation and forage resources so they can manage livestock inventory accordingly. Hope for rain, but plan for drought!

Additionally, a written drought plan can be helpful to reduce emotion and make more-logical decisions. See Managing Drought Risk on the Ranch for a decision-making guide and example drought plans. For more information on climate and weather outlooks, contact SDSU State Climatologist, Laura Edwards. For more information on pasture monitoring and drought planning, contact SDSU Extension Range and Natural Resources staff. ##### The teacher was trying to put to use her recent psychology education.

She asked everyone in her class, “Alright, if any of you think you are stupid, please stand up!”

A few seconds pass by and then Little Johnny stands up.

Startled, the teacher says, “Oh, do you think you’re stupid, Little Johnny?”

“No, Miss, but I didn’t want to leave you standing all alone!”

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C43

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

HELP WANTED

Small town fertilizer company seeking general shop labor, spreader truck and tender truck drivers in Choteau and Dutton, Montana. We are also seeking a skilled diesel mechanic.

Competitive wages depending on experience, health insurance and company sponsored 401K plan available after probation period. CDL preferred, but willing to train the right candidate. Overtime available. Please call (406) 466-5357

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C44

Alfalfa Hay For Sale

Dairy Hay • Cow Hay • Feeder Hay • Grinder Hay 3x4 square bales of straight alfalfa.

All stacks are tested and tarped.

Semi load delivery available.

Jason Noyes (406) 949-4851

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RETIREMENT SALE

Some equipment has never been used. Can help with financing if needed.

Used 12-ft. corral panels 100 available $100 per panel 1998 Peterbilt 379 long nose truck, Cat engine, 18 speed, all Michelin tires 80%, out-offrame overhaul...................... ......................... $70,000 obo International 210 Puma tractor, duals, 2750 hours, one owner.

Phone Bill at (208) 651-8698

Phone calls only, NO TEXT

NDSU Extension projects commodity prices for 2025

Planning for the future can be a very frustrating process particularly in times of market volatility. Planning typically pays high dividends. For most farm and ranch managers, developing realistic commodity price expectations is one of the most difficult and complex tasks of the planning process.

To make the planning process easier, North Dakota State University Extension has released its 2025 short- and longterm agricultural planning price projections for North Dakota, says Ron Haugen, NDSU Extension farm economist.

The publication shows 2025 price projections for crops and livestock produced in the state and price estimates for future years. Price projections are given for the major crop commodities, including wheat, durum, oats, feed barley, malting barley, oil sunflowers, non-oil sunflowers, corn, soybeans, canola, flaxseed, winter wheat, dry beans, dry peas, lentils, alfalfa hay and mixed hay.

Price projections for livestock and livestock products include beef steers and heifers at various weights, cull cows, slaughter steers, slaughter hogs, slaughter ewes, slaughter lambs, feeder lambs and milk. The publication also provides historical prices as a reference.

“Livestock price projections are hitting new highs, but crop price projections are lower than a year ago, estimating short-term planning crop prices is more important than ever. Price projections should be used as a guide in setting expectations for the 2025 production,” says Haugen. “These planning prices can be used for preparing annual enterprise budgets and annual whole-farm cash flow projections. Cash flow projections are very critical with today’s tight margins.”

Haugen cautions, “Short-term prices should not be used for planning capital purchases or expansion alternatives that would extend beyond the next production year.”

The “Plotting a Course 2025” publication (EC1090) is available online at ndsu.ag/plottingacourse, or by contacting your NDSU Extension county office.

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C45

(WI) Winner, SD 605-842-2040 (SU) Sundance, WY 307-283-2971 (PI) Pierre, SD 605-224-1631

(BL) Bloomfield, NE 402-373-4449 (PH) Philip, SD 605-859-2636 (HA) Hartington, NE 402-254-3908

(BF) Belle Fourche, SD 605-892-2621 (BE) Beresford, SD 605-763-5020 (WA) Wayne, NE 402-375-3325

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2024 John Deere 333G (WA), Stk #86691, 400 Hours, New 84” Bucket with Bolt-On Cutting Edge, Cab with HVAC, Hi-Flow Hydraulics, 2 Speed, Air Ride Seat........... ..................................................... $89,000 2022 John Deere 333G (BL), Stk #82888, 731 Hours, New 84” Construction Bucket with Bolt-On Cutting Edge, Brand New Tracks, 2 Speed, Hi-Flow............. $76,000 2021 John Deere 333G (BE), Stk #87746, 1,011 Hours, New Tracks, JDLink 4G Ultimate 5 Years, 2 Speed Hi-Flow with SelfLeveling Power Quick Tach.......... $71,900

2020 John Deere 333G (SU), Stk #82153, 1,074 Hours, Tracks 70%, Unit Runs & Drives Great, Cab with HVAC, Hi-Flow Hyd, 2 Speed, Self-Leveling......... $67,900 2020 John Deere 333G (BE), Stk #87444, 1,400 Hours, Hi-Flow, 200 Hours On Tracks, 3 Counterweights Per Side, air conditioning, Rear View Camera, ISO Controls........................................ $67,900 2020 Bobcat T76 (BF), Stk #87059, 827 Hours, C68 Cab with HVAC, Large Touch Screen, Hydraulic Package Is The P69, Reversible Fan, 2 Speed On Joystick....... ..................................................... $49,900

#82888

2020 John Deere 333G (SU), Stk #88143, 1,034 Hours, Loaded with Cab HVAC, Air Seat, Hi-Flow, 2 Speed, Will Be Inspected & Thru The Shop.......................... $68,500 2018 John Deere 333G (HA), Stk #84154, 1197 Hours, Loaded with Options, 2 Speed, Hi-Flow Hydraulics, Full Cab with HVAC, Radio, Ride Control, Camera........ ..................................................... $69,500 2016 John Deere 323E (SU), Stk #88036, 1,395 Hours, Auxiliary Hydraulics, Ride Control, Power Tach, Reverse Fan, EH ISO Joystick, Radio & 76” Bucket............. ..................................................... $45,900

#86798

2014 John Deere 329E (PH), Stk #84190, 1,625 Hours, 84” HD Construction Bucket with Edge, 2 Speed, Cab with HVAC, Air Suspension Seat, Reversing Fan.............. ..................................................... $46,900 2013 John Deere 323D (BF), Stk #85924, 1,100 Hours, 2 Speed, Manual Controls, Cab with HVAC, Narrow Tracks, Cold Start, 76” Bucket, Serviced............. SOLD

Wheeled Units:

2022 Caterpillar 272D3 (SU), Stk #86684, 1,762 Hours, Cab with HVAC, Power Quick-Tach, Hi-Flow, Tires & Bucket Like New, EH Joystick, Air Ride Seat.. $52,900

#86210

2020 John Deere 330G (SU), Stk #86210, 1,367 Hours, Cab with HVAC, Air Ride Seat, Self-Leveling, Rearview Camera, Like New Tires, 84” Bucket.......... $56,900 2020 John Deere 330G (BE), Stk #86798, 1,005 Hours, Clean Machine, Cab with HVAC, 84” Heavy Duty Bucket..... $59,500 2014 John Deere 320E (BF), Stk #87723, 1,425 Hours, Joystick Controls, 2 Speed, Standard Hydraulics, Cold Start, Power Quick Attach, Cab W/HVAC, Radio... SOLD *based on approved credit and 30% down payment required.

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2024 John Deere 1775NT (WA), Stk #85808, 24R30, 720 Acres, New/Demo Unit, Hitch Electric Drive with PTO Generator, Steel Scrapers, Corn, Soybean, Sunflower & Sorghum Bowls........................................................................................................................ $439,000 2024 John Deere DB90 (PI), Stk #80977, 2019 John Deere 1775NT (WA), Stk #85765, 36R30, 0 Acres!! MaxEmerge 5E CCS, 24R30, 13,290 Acres, MaxEmerge 5E, Heavy Duty Wing Wheels, Exact Rate LiqLike New Guage Wheels, Yetter Openers, uid Fert, IRHD, Electric Drive Meters........

Cast Iron Closing Wheels, Shedded......... ................................................... $499,000 ................................................... $189,900 2022 John Deere DB90 (WA), Stk #83049, 2014 John Deere 1770NT CCS (BL), Stk 36R30, 13,000 Acres, 5 Section Frame, #87507, 12R30, 8,125 Acres, Very Nice, Wing Weight, ExactEmerge with IRHD, Shedded When Not In Use, Has Pump For Dawn Hydraulic GFX Row Cleaner, SeedTow Behind Fertilizer Cart, New Blades Star4........................................... $429,000 Start 2024..................................... $80,000 2022 John Deere 1775NT (HA), Stk #80818, 2014 John Deere DB90 (WA), Stk #86615, 24R30, 4,990 Acres, Equipped with IRHD, 36R30, 45,000 Acres, Pin Adjust Row Pneumatic Row Openers & Closing Cleaners, Pneumatic Downforce, Heavy Wheels, Exact Rate In-Row Fert with 600 Duty Skid Steer Wing Wheels, CCS Tanks Gallon......................................... $309,900 ................................................... $129,900

AIR SEEDERS

2017 John Deere 1890 & 1910 (WA), Stk #84284 & 84285, 30-ft. 7.5” Spacing, Single Shoot, 21,000 Acres, 270 Bushel Tanks, All Run Blockage............. $135,000

2014 John Deere 1830 (PI), Stk #87800, 61ft. 7.5” Spacing, Single Shoot, 350 Bushel Tow Behind Cart, 1” Carbide Tips, 2 Bar Harrow with 3x21 Steel Press Wheels...... ..................................................... $72,900

MONTHLY STORE SPECIALS BELLE FOURCHE

2018 Case TV370 (BF), Stk #85830, 2,477 Hours, 2,750 Lift Rating, 74.5 HP, Cab, HVAC, 2 Speed, DEF Not Required, Came From A Good Home........ .................................................. $38,900

HARTINGTON

2018 John Deere DB60 (HA), Stk #81041, 36R20, Just Over 16,000 Acres, SeedStar 4 Monitor, Tractor Power Generator, ExactEmerge Row Units...........$299,000

PHILIP

2022 John Deere DB60 (WA), Stk #87620, 24/47 & 15/30R, 6,080 Acres, Split Row Corn/Bean Planter, Air Cast Closing, ExactEmerge, Air Deere Row Cleaners........ ................................................... $459,900 2019 John Deere DB60 (PI), Stk #82955, 24R30, 29,729 Acres, 800 Gallon Aftermarket Fertilizer Tank & Rate Controller, IRHD, PTO Power Off Tractor, Corn & Sunflower Bowls..........................$179,900

South Dakota

Winner (605) 842-2040 Pierre (605) 224-1631 Philip (605) 859-2636 Belle Fourche (605) 892-2621 Beresford (605) 763-5020

2012 John Deere 1770NT CCS (WI), Stk #86321, 24R30, 48,874 Acres, Planter Is Straight, Kept In Shed, Planted Into Tilled Ground, 1 Owner & Solid Shape For Acres............................................ $59,900 2007 John Deere 1770NT CCS (WI), Stk #84875, 24R30, 61,000 Acres, Ask About All The Parts Included, Great Shape For Age & Acres, Kept In The Shed & Gone Thru Every Year........................... $39,900

2022 John Deere 1775NT (BE), Stk #80602, 24R30, ExactEmerge Unit, IRHD, Markers, Always Shedded, Will Have New Openers................ $302,900

BLOOMFIELD

Wyoming

Sundance (307) 283-2971

Nebraska

Wayne (402) 375-3325 Bloomfield (402) 373-4449 Hartington (402) 254-3908

2009 John Deere 1770NT (BL), Stk #86405, 16R30, ExactEmerge Unit, IRHD, Pneumatic Closing & Cleaners, Scale On Tanks, Markers, Frame Weight Dist............................................. $37,900

SUNDANCE

2017 John Deere 331G (SU), Stk #88041, 730 Hours, Cab, HVAC, Air Ride Seat with Heat, Ride Control, Self-Leveling Up, 84” Bucket with Bolt On Edge.......... ................................................... $64,900

WAYNE

BERESFORD

2022 John Deere 1775NT (BE), Stk #81213, 24R30, 7,463 Acres, ExactEmerge, IRHD, PTO Power Gen, Markers, Frame Weight Distribution......................................................$304,900

2010 John Deere 1890 (WI), Stk #86818, 42ft. 7.5” Spacing, Single Shoot, 430 Bushel Tow Behind Cart, Converted To All Pro Series Row Openers With Not A Lot Of Acres On Them...................................... $74,900

2017 John Deere 1890 & 1910, (PH), Stk #85061, 42-ft. 10” Spacing, Single Shoot, Air Package, Dual Tires, All Run Blockage, Cat 4 Hitch, 430 Bushel Cart. ................................................ $154,900

PIERRE

2022 John Deere DB90 (WA), Stk #83045, 36R30, 14,000 Acres, 5 Section Frame, Wing Weight, ExactEmerge with IRHD, Dawn GFX Hydraulic Row Cleaners........................ $429,000

WINNER

2013 John Deere DB90 (PI), Stk #86614, 24R30, Setup with Dry Fertilizer, Pin Adjust Row Cleaners, Dawn Curvetine Closing Wheels, Pneumatic Downforce.. ................................................. $124,900

2021 John Deere DB90 (WI), Stk #83454, 36R30, 16,000 Acres On Unit, Well Taken Care Of, 5 Section Frame, CCS, Liquid Fert with RU Mounted In............. ................................................$364,900

View all of our inventory & see more photos and details online at: www.grossenburg.com

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C46

The DEADLINE for advertising in March 2025 issue is Wednesday, February 26th Zimmerman Bale Stacking Can stack all big bales 3x4s, 3x3s, 4x4s, and round bales

Zimmerman Manure & Silage Hauling • Any job big or small • Loader and skid steer available.

• Vertical beaters for even spreading • Silage pushing

Will also do wheel loader work

Phone (406) 788-9480 or (406) 467-2845 Arnold Zimmerman, 661 4th Rd NE, Fairfield, MT 59436

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE Ron Prewett 406-788-1904, Conrad, MT

2016 John Deere 850K LGP 6-way dozer, 3919 hours.....$150,000

Foot Scoring Beef Cattle

By Taylre Sitz, MS in Animal and Range Sciences from MSU; Tim DelCurto, MSU Professor and Nancy Cameron Endowed Chair; Megan Van Emon, MSU Extension Beef Cattle Specialist weight on the wall of the hoof and to have Due to various selection pressures, beef enough heel depth for the bulb to act as an cattle have been transformed in size and appropriate shock absorber. shape over the last 75 years. Increased demand for cattle performance may have inadvertently put extra stress on foot and leg structure. While some research has been performed in the dairy industry, limited work has been conducted in extensive beef production systems on foot and leg structure. Currently, the American Angus Association (AAA) is the only breed association that has established expected Figure 2. Bovine body parts for complete structure progeny differences (EPDs) for foot angle (Diagram: Ohio State University Extension) and claw set. The American Simmental Ideally, the slope of the pastern joint is Association, Red Angus Association, and 45° to 47° and animals deviating signifiAmerican Gelbvieh Association are curcantly from a 45° angle from their toe to rently developing EPDs related to feet and the pastern joint can face structural conleg structure as well. Therefore, information sequences. Straightlegged, or post-legged provided on foot scoring in this document animals often have a short, choppy stride will be based on the AAA guidelines. resulting from restricted mobility and are at Both the foot angle and claw set traits are a greater risk of injury (e.g., lameness, stifle, critical to structural soundness, which can bone fractures), especially during breeding. have long-lasting impacts on production and Alternatively, animals that are referred to longevity in a herd. Structural soundness is as sicklehocked or weak-pasterned have important for cattle locomotion when grazan anatomical condition where the feet are ing extensive rangeland systems. Therefore, forced further under the body, thus putting the objective of this MontGuide is to promore strain on the muscle and bones of the vide information about scoring foot angle stifle and hip region (Figure 2), at least in and claw set in beef cattle, which can be the case of the hind legs. This could result in used to assess structural soundness. hoof growth exceeding wear in regions with The Bovine Foot softer terrain surfaces, thus overextending Cattle are even-toed ungulates, and each the coffin joint and tensing the deep digital foot is comprised of two distal phalanges flexor tendon. This alteration in foot angle (medial and lateral) attached to the middle results in a greater weight-bearing load on phalanx bone. Important anatomical points the navicular bone, often causing pain and on the foot include the two toes (distal lameness. It is important to remember that phalanges) collectively referred to as the conformation of the limb is affected by claw set, the bulb (which is also referred to various joint angles and conformation of the as the heel), and the sole or bottom of the body as a whole as well as selection presfoot (Figure 1). sures placed on these animals. Ultimately, producers strive to select animals with ideal foot and leg structure (Figure 3).

Figure 1. Cross section of bovine foot (Ashwood, 2011); courtesy of Zinpro Corp.

Koehring 700-H Trencher 3775 hours - since up grade......$150,000

2012 John Deere 250G ELC excavator, 2875 hours........$150,000

The bovine hoof is made up of horn tissue and consists primarily of keratin. Hoof tissue grows approximately five millimeters per month in mature animals and slightly faster in calves. A 1986 study measured hoof growth and wear rates of Holstein cattle and concluded that front hooves grew and wore less than the rear hooves presumably due to greater weight distribution on the hind feet. Generally, keratin tissue production is impacted by season and nutrition, with the greatest rates during the summer months and lowest growth during winter.

Optimal Foot Conformation Proper conformation is a function of many different, complex, anatomical parts working in synchronicity to allow an animal the ability of locomotion. Structural soundness and free locomotion are important for animals to cover acres of pasture for nutrition and breeding and are considered important factors in animal performance.

When viewed from the rear, the legs of cattle should be equally as wide at the hocks and the pasterns (Figure 2) and animals should be able to walk straight forward, flexing at the hock. Joints of the animal should be well defined, and the feet should face straight forward with toes of even size and appropriate depth of heel. The idea is for the hooves to be straight enough to bear

Figure 3. Examples of ideal claw and foot angle.

Note the symmetry in the claw set and the 45-degree angle of the pastern joint. (Diagram: American Angus Association)

Foot conformation and structure are impacted by several factors, such as infection, trauma, age, nutrition, environment and genetics. Foot structure changes as animals age, so as data is submitted to breed associations, age adjustments are included.

Previous research has determined that foot conformation is moderately heritable for yearling-age Angus cattle (0.16 to 0.37, where a score of 1.0 is completely heritable).

Foot Angle and Claw Set Scoring The AAA developed a foot scoring guideline for members to score both foot angle and claw set on a 1–9 scoring system (Figure 4). A score of 5 for both claw set and foot angle indicates ideal conformation:

Figure 4. Foot score sketches characterizing claw scores (left) and pastern angles (right). A score of 5 for both claw set and foot angle indicates ideal conformation. (Diagram: American Angus Association) CONTINUED ON PAGE C50

Selecting alfalfa varieties

By Jerry Volesky, UNL Are you considering establishing a new alfalfa stand this coming spring? Site selection, proper weed management, good fertilization and seedbed preparation are all crucial steps for a successful stand. Whether it’s Roundup Ready or conventional alfalfa, selecting the right variety will dictate yield, quality, potential, degree of insect and disease resistance, as well as longevity of the stand.

Remember several important factors when choosing an alfalfa variety for a specific site. These include winter survival, fall dormancy, disease resistance, persistence and yield potential.

Winter Survival and fall dormancy ratings are typically based on a numerical scale. For Nebraska, a winter survival score of 3 or 4 is desired, but a score of 2 may be suited for the northern most areas of the state. For fall dormancy, a score of 3 or 4 is desired for Nebraska.

For disease and insect pest management, a good strategy is to select varieties resistant to the most recurring pests and diseases specific to your location, especially those that have been problematic the last several years. Resistant varieties will save money and time by eliminating or drastically reducing the need for chemical control.

An alfalfa variety that can keep consistent yields up to its fourth and fifth year is considered a persistent variety. Persistence is closely related to winter hardiness, specific weather conditions, past management as well disease and insect pressure. Similarly, yield potential of alfalfa varieties is dictated by its genetics, but actual forage yield that each variety can achieve is limited by field conditions and management practices. ##### Little Johnny complains to mom at home, “Mom, our teacher really doesn’t know anything. He keeps asking us!”

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C47

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CASE IH L630 LOADER with 7-ft. bucket. Came off of Farmall 110C tractor. Owner has no use for it......................................................................$4500

AGCO 15-FT. ROLLER HARROW equipped with S Time Harrow and 3 bar Summers spring tooth harrow. Nice Unit.............................................................$7990

2022 CASE IH LB434XL 3X4 BALER Only 1128 Bales on this Like New Consignment Baler. Tandem Axle with Auto Steer, AFS Pro 700 Display, Bale Eject with Hydraulic Folding Bale Chute, Hydraulic Jack, Large Toolbox, Moisture Sensor, & Heavy Duty Pickup. New one retails for $243,461......... Buy this Like New Baler for $158,960

1995 CASE IH 8820 WINDROWER With 21-ft. draper header, super clean unit, dual sickle draper header with many parts including drapers, drive shafts and bearings. Tractor unit has hydrostatic drive, Cummins 4-cylinder engine and is fully serviced and ready to go.

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Biochar reduces the risks of DDT-contaminated soil DDT soil pollution is still a major problem in many parts of the world. Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have developed a new method to manage ecological risks from the toxin by binding it with biochar. When they mixed biochar into contaminated soil at a former tree nursery, DDT uptake by earthworms in the soil was halved. This method may enable the growing of certain crops on land that is currently considered unusable due to the environmental risks.

The legacy of previous generations´ use of the insecticide DDT still affects us today.

During the 50s and 60s, the substance was used to control pests in forestry and agriculture, and although it has been banned for over 50 years, in Sweden alone there are thousands of sites where the soil is still DDT-contaminated. Many other countries around the world have the same problem.

The toxin has been linked to a variety of negative health effects in humans and animals, and it breaks down very slowly. It poses an ecological risk because it can be taken up by terrestrial organisms such as earthworms. When these are in turn eaten by birds and other animals, DDT begins to accumulate within the food chain, which means that the top predators are affected by the highest toxin concentrations.

For three years, researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have been testing a new method to reduce the ecological risks of the toxin, at a DDT-contaminated former tree nursery in southern Sweden.

“In our field experiment, we mixed the soil with biochar and grew different plants.

We found that biochar binds DDT efficiently, so that it is not taken up by soil organisms,” says Paul Drenning, postdoctoral researcher at the Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering at Chalmers, and the first author of the study.

Cheap and environmentally friendly solution on site Biochar – which is similar to charcoal – is an environmentally friendly product that is cheap to produce. It binds contaminants and can improve soil health when added to soil.

This practice can also be useful for climate change mitigation since it can contribute to long-term storage of carbon in the soil.

The researchers found that the amount of DDT taken up by earthworms in the soil decreased by an average of 50 per cent when the soil had been mixed with biochar. This indicates that the bioavailability of DDT to soil organisms had been reduced – meaning that the soil had become less toxic, with a lower risk of DDT spread via bioaccumulation in the food chain of animals, or by leaching into water.

This reduction in environmental risks could, in turn, lead to landowners being able to start farming again on land that is currently unused, pending decisions on how to manage the contaminated soil.

“Treating contaminated soil in large volumes is costly and complicated. A common solution is to dig out the soil and then transport it to a landfill for hazardous waste, but that means destroying good quality soils and is not a reasonable solution for large contaminated areas”, says Paul Drenning.

“Treatment with biochar on site could thus make the land useful instead of being left uncultivated or degraded, and also at a significantly lower cost for both the landowner and for the environment.”

Long-term effect expected Examples of crops that could be grown in the treated area are saplings of pine and spruce, hay for animal feed or bioenergy

Biochar binds DDT effectively, so that the toxin is not taken up by soil organisms. Photo: Anja Enell, the Swedish Geotechnical Institute.

crops such as willow trees (salix). The treatment with biochar means that plants may take up less DDT from the soil as well, but they accumulate very little even without treatment.

“The reason why the contaminated land is left unused today is not that there would be health risks with crops, but that the landowner is obliged by regulation to address the ecological risks with DDT. While awaiting an investigation and decision on this, the land has remained unused”, says Jenny Norrman, Professor at the Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering and the leader of the research project.

Biochar decomposes very slowly in soil, and the researchers expect the effect of the treatment to last for a long time – perhaps for decades. They will continue sampling at the site for several years to follow the development. In parallel, they will explore how to scale up the experiment, to be able to mix biochar into the soil without having to dig out large volumes.

Great potential for the method Using biochar for treatment of contaminated soil is uncommon today. As far as the researchers know, the method has not been tested before at forest nurseries in Sweden, or internationally in the same soil type and climate.

“There is a great interest in using biochar for stabilisation of both DDT and various other contaminants in soils, such as metals and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, it is positive that we have been able to see a good effect in our experiment,” says Paul Drenning.

Soil is a valuable resource with a very slow rate of regeneration – a single centimetre of soil can take hundreds of years to form. In the European Union, 60-70 per cent of the soils are considered unhealthy due to degradation, with soil pollution being a major driver. Active work is now underway within the EU to better control soil pollution. The European Commission´s upcoming Soil Monitoring Law contains new, stricter rules for sustainable land management and remediation of contaminated areas, where consideration of soil health is expected to play a significant role.

The Chalmers researchers have also investigated several other aspects of soil health – such as different treatment effects on soil functions like nutrient cycling, water cycling and carbon storage – with positive results, in addition to the effect of biochar on DDT. Their field experiment is a demonstration of a general methodology which they have developed for evaluating the effects of gentle remediation options on soil health. It is designed to also be accessible for practitioners and decision-makers, such as landowners.

More about: the scientific study The three-year study was conducted on a 23-hectare DDT-contaminated former tree nursery in southern Sweden. The research CONTINUED ON PAGE C50

USDA invests in additional clean energy projects

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Secretary Tom Vilsack announced that USDA is funding 516 projects, including three in Montana, to expand access to clean energy systems.

USDA is providing nearly $180 million through the Rural Energy for America Program (REAP).

In Montana, the following awards are announced: Two Bear Farm in Whitefish will use a $68,458 grant to purchase and install a 42.2 kilowatt (kW) solar array with battery storage.

This project is expected to save $4,439.12 per year. It will replace 55,489 kilowatt hours (kWh) per year, which is enough energy to power five homes.

A & E Rentals LLC in Helena is receiving a $92,340 grant to purchase and install a 67.00 kilowatt (kW) roof-top solar system.

A&E Rentals provides commercial rental space to a real estate office and a private co-working space in the heart of Helena. The project is expected to save $13,437 in annual energy costs and generate 84,502 kilowatt hours (kWh) or enough energy to power eight homes.

KJO Enterprises dba Specialty Woodworks in Hamilton will use a $152,575 grant to purchase and install a 71. kilowatt (kW) net metered solar array. Specialty Woodworks Co. is a specialty cabinet making company.

This project is expected to save $16,112. 2 per year. It will replace 94,890 kilowatt hours (kWh) per year, which is enough energy to power eight homes.

As part of a national announcement, USDA is awarding $120 million total in REAP grants for the 516 projects in 39 states, Guam, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. This program helps farmers and small business owners make energy efficiency improvements and expand their use of wind, solar and other forms of clean energy. ##### Sunday school teacher asks Johnny, “Come now, Little Johnny, tell me the truth, do you say your prayers before eating?”

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C49

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Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C50

DISCS FOR SALE

Krause 2165 Rockflex 45-ft. tandem disc, Serial # 1827, front spacing @ 8 and rear spacing @ 8 with 19” front blades and 21” rears, no scrapers.

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Foot Scoring Beef Cattle CONTINUED FROM PAGE C46

claw set is symmetrical with proper length of toes, and pastern angle is approximately 45 degrees with appropriate heel depth. For the claw set, as the score moves toward 1, the animal’s claw set becomes more divergent. As it moves toward 9, the claws are becoming more curled and “scissor” like, perhaps with variations in claw size and claws even crossing over one another. With foot angle, as the score moves toward 1, the animal’s pastern angle becomes more obtuse, resulting in “post-legged” animals.

Moving toward a foot angle score of 9, the pastern angle becomes more acute, resulting in animals with their hooves set further forward and becoming weak-pasterned or sickle-hocked.

Guidelines for Foot Scoring The current guidelines from the AAA are: • Scores should be taken prior to foot trimming, if foot trimming occurs.

• Cattle must be at least 320 days of age at the time of scoring.

• Identify and score foot angle and claw set on the combined worst foot on each animal.

• Cattle should be scored on a hard, flat surface where the feet can be easily visualized. Scoring should not take place while cattle are in a chute as they do not stand naturally.

• Scoring on females is recommended annually.

• The same technician should score the entire scoring event or contemporary group to reduce bias.

Foot Scoring Resources: How-To’s and More Information • AAA Foot Scoring Guidelines and Recommendations www.angus.org/performance/Documents/ footscorebrochure.pdf

• AAA Foot Scoring YouTube videos www.youtube.com/@AngusAssoc/featured Tips for Adding Foot Scoring to Already Scheduled Cow Working Events • Look through the foot scoring resources and learn about the process. Videos can provide helpful practice at foot scoring alongside the experts.

• Consider designating a foot-scorer. Give the scorer the time, space, and a hard, flat surface to score feet for the most representative foot scores for the cow herd.

• Ensure there is a place to conduct foot scoring on a flat and even surface. This could be a concrete or dry dirt/ gravel alley, or even rubber mats in front of the chute.

• Prepare a list or a notebook and predetermine the format for collecting foot scores. Consider how the scores will be utilized.

General Considerations Foot angle and claw set EPDs are two relatively new progeny measurements. The most accurate EPDs have both phenotypic and genomic data submitted on progeny.

Many breed associations are developing EPDs for feet and leg structure. The success of this EPD will depend upon acceptance by commercial cattlemen as a selection tool and the continued collection of foot scores by breeders. Foot angle and claw set scores can be taken on both commercial and seedstock cattle. Livestock producers of any breed can use the information provided from the AAA to assess the foot and leg structure of their animals.

Utilizing pastern angle and claw set EPDs and collecting annual foot scores in a herd should be a central part of management for improved feet and leg conformation in a cow herd.

Biochar reduces the risks of DDT-contaminated soil CONTINUED FROM PAGE C48

ers dug out soil from a 50x5-metre section, divided the soil into piles and mixed biochar into half of them. They set up 24 experimental plots and distributed the soil randomly to the plots, half of which with biocharamended soil. The plots were planted with four different plants: pumpkin, grasses, legumes and willows. The researchers then used physical, chemical, and biological indicators to evaluate soil health and examine the effects of the plants and the biochar.

The article A method for evaluating the effects of gentle remediation options (GRO) on soil health: Demonstration at a DDXcontaminated tree nursery in Sweden has been published in the journal Science of The Total Environment.

The study was conducted by Paul Drenning, Yevheniya Volchko, Anja Enell, Dan Berggren Kleja, Maria Larsson and Jenny Norrman. The researchers are affiliated to Chalmers University of Technology, Örebro University, the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and the Swedish Geotechnical Institute.

The research has been funded by Formas, COWIfonden, the Swedish Geotechnical Institute and the Swedish Geological Survey, with help also from SveaSkog.

More about: biochar Biochar is a soil improvement material with great potential for a variety of applications. It is similar to charcoal and barbecue charcoal, but biochar is produced specifically to be added to arable soil and

has special properties that make it suitable for stabilising contaminants in the soil. It is produced by incinerating organic waste, such as residues from forestry and agriculture, in a process without oxygen, so-called pyrolysis.

The ability of biochar to bind pollutants is similar to that of activated carbon, a substance used for example to purify water and as a treatment when people have consumed certain toxins.

Through its porous structure, biochar can also help retain water, air and nutrients in the soil. Increasing soil fertility with coal is a technique that has been used for thousands of years around the world, for example through slash-and-burn farming.

More about: DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is an insecticide introduced in 1942. It has now been banned for over 50 years, but it still remains in relatively high concentrations in soils around the world. An example of how it was used in the 50s and 60s to control pests in Sweden was dipping the cuttings in DDT, often in combination with DDT spreading on the ground.

DDT is an endocrine disrupting environmental toxin that has been linked to health effects such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and reproductive problems in animals and humans. Because it decomposes very slowly, it accumulates in the food chain of animals, thus affecting large predators the most – a group that can also include humans.

A New Year’s resolution for bull buyers: Know your herd

Trader’s Dispatch, February 2025 — Page C51

Say you saw it in the Trader’s Dispatch

By Matt Spangler, Professor and Beef Genetics Extension Specialist be in relation to the degree you experience Spring bull buying season is near. The dystocia problems now. question that all potential bull (and semen) If you retain replacement females, keep buyers need to ask is, “What do I need?” an eye on mature cow weight EPD if availThe operative word is need, not to be conable. fused with want. To objectively answer the If you retain replacement females, do not question, producers need to know how their ignore female fertility. Sustained cow fertilherd currently performs. This includes, but ity (stayability, functional longevity) EPD is not limited to: represent the ability to remain productive Current rates of dystocia in a herd.

Current pregnancy rates If you use economic selection indexes, Current age distribution of the cow herd use the ones that fit your breeding objective.

Primary reason(s) for cows exiting the Do not use terminal indexes if you intend herd to retain replacement females.

Weight of calves at the point of sale Know, or ask, what certain EPD/indexes Post-weaning performance of calves WATER STORAGE: mean and what breed average is. Do not buy Weight of mature cows • 6'-36' diameter, a bull assuming he excels for a trait only Annual (variable) cow costs • up to 14' high to later discover that he ranks towards the Knowing the answers to the questions bottom of the breed. above helps identify the areas that require • up to 100,000+ gal.

There are numerous articles on how to the most attention to improve profitability.

• corrosion resistance interpret and use genetic selection tools.

After a breeding objective has been • water-tight membrane For those wanting to learn more, I’d suggest formed and the answers to the questions visiting www.eBEEF.org and looking over above are in hand, bull selection can begin.

LATTIN & SONS the Sire Selection Manual.

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Choose bulls based on PRODUCTS | TRAINING | REPAIR | TECHNICAL SERVICES what is “under the hood”. In other words, the goal of bull selection is to improve genetics so select bulls based on genetic potential using Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs).

Select for more than one trait given more than one WITH PURCHASE OF SELECT GFX DISPLAY AND RECEIVER trait impacts profitability.

Utilize economic selection indexes to do so.

Value bulls (or semen) based on the potential to generate a return from the investment. In other words, if the “best” bull sells for more money than he could generate for your enterprise (based on genetic value and number of cows he would be exposed to, and cull value), then pass on him and buy a different bull that does have the potential for a positive return on investment.

Not everyone who raises cattle is profit-motivated, but for those who are, utilizing proven tools such as EPD and economic selection indexes seems logical. With that in mind, here are pitfalls to avoid.

Avoid over-emphasizing calving ease (direct). The emphasis on this trait should

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