The Trader's Dispatch - April 2025

APRIL 2025

Vol. XXVI No. 3 P.O. Box 997 Conrad, MT 59425-0997

Phone 406-271-5533 Fax 406-271-5727 website: tradersdispatch.com E-MAIL: advertising @ tradersdispatch.com

Applications for Wyoming WFPO program

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is accepting applications from qualified sponsors from Wyoming for the PL566 Watershed and Flood Prevention (WFPO) program, which offers financial and technical assistance to address resource concerns.

While USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) accepts WFPO applications year-round, Wyoming Sponsors should apply by May 16, 2025 to be considered for funding in the current cycle. Applications received after the ranking date will automatically be considered during the next funding cycle. Funding is provided through a competitive process.

The WFPO program provides technical and financial assistance to States, local governments and Tribal organizations to help plan and implement authorized watershed projects for the purpose of: • Flood Prevention • Watershed Protection • Public Recreation • Public Fish and Wildlife • Agricultural Water Management • Municipal and Industrial Water Supply CONTINUED ON PAGE A4

AUCTIONS

Apr 14 - 16, Ascent Auction Services, MT Statewide Spring Equipment, Online............................................................................................................ A4 Apr 14 - 29, Musser Bros Auctions & Real Estate, Spring Equipment Reduction, Online............................................................................................... A5 Apr 11 - May 11, Smith Sales Co., Spring Fever Auction, Online......... A6, A7 Apr 17 - 29, Yellowstone Auction, Annual Spring, Online........................... A9 Apr 25 - 26, Shobe Auction, Inc, Cabin Fever, Lewistown MT.................... A8 Apr 30, Piroutek Auction Service, 4R Land & Cattle Land Auction, Belle Fourche SD........................................................................................................... A10 May 10, RK Statewide Auction, Riverside Marine & Cycle Inventory Reduction, Sidney MT............................................................................................... A13 May 29, Fritz Auction, Consignment Sale, Onsite & Online...................... A11 May 30, Shobe Auction, Inc, Tom & Rhonda Craver Vintage Winchester Rifle, Lewistown MT.......................................................................................... A8 June 26, Flying D Auction, Art & Laurie Pearson, Conrad MT.................. A12

Drone test prep course

by Nebraska Extension With new class dates set for March and April 2025, this comprehensive eight-hour course will prepare you to pass the FAA Aeronautical Knowledge Exam and earn your drone pilot certification.

Nebraska Extension continues to offer the Part 107 Remote Exam Prep Course across Nebraska in April 2025.

As of January 2025, over 65 students have completed or currently enrolled in this one-day (eight-hour) course that prepares students to pass the FAA Aeronautical Knowledge Exam required to receive a Part 107 Remote Pilot Certificate (aka drone license).

This course is geared towards anyone interested in flying drones for commercial or public application, including emergency management, law enforcement, real estate and land management, photography and agriculture.

These two youngsters seem to be maning the Musser Brothers Auction booth at MATE in Billings, Montana.

They are Nixon and Zara Affleck, grandchildren of Merton Musser.

April 15 deadline to enroll in USDA’s programs for the 2025 Crop Year

Agricultural producers who have not yet enrolled in the Agriculture Risk Coverage (ARC) or Price Loss Coverage (PLC) programs for the 2025 crop year have until April 15, 2025, to revise elections and sign contracts. Both safety net programs, delivered by USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA), provide vital income support to eligible farmers who experience substantial declines in crop prices or revenues for the 2025 crop year. In Montana, producers have completed 16,391 contracts to date, representing 65.2% of the more than 25,130 expected contracts.

“Agriculture Risk Coverage or Price Loss Coverage programs provide excellent risk protection, for market declines,

PRIVATE TREATY

Brownell Polled Herefords, Pendroy MT.................... B5 Browning Angus, Fallon MT....................................... A4 Clay Creek Angus, Greybull, WY................................. A4 Dallas Polled Herefords, Canyon Creek MT............... A8 Ferrat Ranch, Toston MT........................................... A20 Geib Red Angus, Dagmar MT.................................... A10 K & C Herefords, Deer Lodge MT................................ B5 K.L. Slagsvold Herefords, Lindsay MT........................ B5 Lone Spring Ranch, Moore MT................................. C39 McMurry Cattle, Herefords, Billings MT..................... B5 Thomas Herefords, Gold Creek MT............................ B5 Wichman Herefords, Moore MT.................................. B5

at no cost to the producer,” said Lance Wasson Acting State Executive Director for FSA in Montana. “If you haven’t made your program election or signed a contract, please contact your local FSA county office as soon as possible to set an appointment so you don’t miss the April 15 deadline.”

Producers can elect coverage and enroll in ARC-County or PLC, which provide crop-by-crop protection, or ARCIndividual, which protects the entire farm.

Although election changes for 2025 are optional, producers must enroll, with a signed contract, each year. If a producer has a multi-year contract on the farm, the contract will continue for 2025 unless an election change is made.

If producers do not submit their election revision by the April 15, 2025, deadline, the election remains the same as their 2024 election for eligible commodities on the farm. Also, producers who do not complete enrollment and sign their contract by the deadline will not be enrolled in ARC or PLC for the 2025 year and will not receive a payment if one is triggered. Farm owners can only enroll in these programs if they have a share interest in the comCONTINUED ON PAGE A2 modity.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A4

PRODUCTION SALES

Apr 16, Milk River Angus, Chinook MT......................................................... A2.

Apr 26, Eayrs Ranch, Glasgow MT.............................................................. A11.

Apr 27, Wolff Family Genetics Showpig Sale, Bath SD............................... A10.

May 8, Koenig Ranch Reds, Glasgow MT.................................................... A14.

May 30-31, Roundup Horse Sale, Roundup MT.......................................... A13

ADVERTISING DEADLINE FOR MAY ISSUE

Wednesday, April 30

Advertiser Index B1

Email: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

Recipe Patch A24

Website: www.tradersdispatch.com

April 15 deadline to enroll

Trader’s Dispatch April 2025 — Page A2

CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

CLEANED LAVINA HAY BARLEY SEED

State Lab tested 98% germ, 99.91% pure seed, 0.09% inert matter, 0.00% weed seed.

13,310 seeds per pound. $7.50 per bushel, or $7.00 per bushel for semi loads. We have a grain cart with a scale to load you. We could help line up delivery of semi loads. Located at Almont, North Dakota.

Call: Kevin (701) 391-1631 or (701) 843-8454

“YOUR SOURCE FOR BULLS ON THE HI-LINE”

29th Annual Sale

Wednesday

April 16, 2025 Bear Paw Livestock Chinook, Montana

Lunch at 11:30 • Sale at 1:00

POSS WINCHESTER

IDEAL 0026 RITO OF REN

Producers are eligible to enroll farms with base acres for the following commodities: barley, canola, large and small chickpeas, corn, crambe, flaxseed, grain sorghum, lentils, mustard seed, oats, peanuts, dry peas, rapeseed, long grain rice, medium and short grain rice, safflower seed, seed cotton, sesame, soybeans, sunflower seed and wheat.

Web-Based Decision Tools Many universities offer web-based decision tools to help producers make informed, educated decisions using crop data specific to their respective farming operations. Producers are encouraged to use the tool of their choice to support their ARC and PLC elections.

Crop Insurance Considerations Producers are reminded that enrolling in ARC or PLC programs can impact eligibility for some crop insurance products offered by USDA’s Risk Management Agency (RMA). Producers who elect and enroll in PLC also have the option of purchasing Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO) through their Approved Insurance Provider, but producers of covered commodities who elect ARC are ineligible for SCO on their planted acres.

Unlike SCO, RMA’s Enhanced Coverage Option (ECO) is unaffected by participating in ARC for the same crop, on the same acres. Producers may elect ECO regardless of their farm program election.

Upland cotton farmers who enroll seed cotton base acres in ARC or PLC are ineligible for the stacked income protection plan, or STAX, on their planted cotton acres.

Optimizing FSA Office Visits Agricultural producers visiting FSA to complete ARC/ PLC elections and enrollment are encouraged to also conduct other FSA program business during their scheduled appointment including completing farm loan applications and applying for the recently announced Emergency Commodity Assistance Program (ECAP).

Sign up for ECAP began on March 19, 2025. ECAP, authorized by the American Relief Act, 2025, provides up to $10 billion to agricultural producers for the 2024 crop year. Administered by FSA, ECAP will help agricultural producers mitigate the impacts of increased input costs and falling commodity prices. Congress gave USDA 90 days to implement the program, and that deadline was met. Producers of eligible commodities must submit ECAP applications to their local FSA county office by August 15, 2025. Only one application is required for all ECAP eligible commodities nationwide. ECAP applications can be submitted to FSA in-person, electronically using Box and One-Span, by fax or by applying online at fsa.usda.gov/ecap utilizing a secure login.gov account. For more information, please visit the ECAP website or review the ECAP Fact Sheet.

More details are forthcoming on more than $20 billion to be made available through the American Relief Act, 2025, for producers who suffered losses from natural disasters in 2023 and 2024 including $2 billion set aside for livestock producers and other funds that will be administered through block grants with states.

THE TRADER’S DISPATCH (USPS 019-793)

APRIL 2025 — Vol. XXVI No. 3 Published monthly by Trader’s Dispatch Inc., PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997. Free on request to farmers, ranchers, heavy equipment owners and truckers in the Western United States.

Non-qualifying in-state annual subscription fee is $15.

Out-of-state nonqualifying U.S. annual subscription $25.

Periodicals Postage Paid at Conrad, MT and at additional mailing offices.

REDLAND ROSCOE 450

65 Bulls Sell

Sons of these sires can be viewed at Hould's feedlot Bulls evaluated for performance, carcass, and fertility

DEADLINE FOR MAY ISSUE

Wednesday, April 30

Postmaster: Send address changes to Trader’s Dispatch, PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997 Jean Aaberg, production Geri Aaberg, circulation Kathy Peterson, ad layout Suzy Benzing, sales and ad layout

Office Phone 406-271-5533 e-mail: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

online progress report . . .

www. MilkRiverAngus .com

FAX 406-271-5727

www.tradersdispatch.com

Notice: Advertisers purchase space and circulation only. All property rights to any advertisements produced for the advertiser by Trader’s Dispatch, using artwork or typography furnished or arranged by Trader’s Dispatch shall be the property of Trader’s Dispatch. No such ad or any part thereof may be reproduced or assigned without the consent of Trader’s Dispatch. If camera ready copy is submitted, a PDF is preferred with all fonts embedded. All black type must be 100% black and color must be CMYK. WE CANNOT GUARANTEE PRINTING QUALITY on any ads sent in RGB and/or built on non-standard publishing programs, i/e, Word or Power Point. If the format is incorrect we may need to rebuild your ad. We have graphic designers available to build your ad, simply send us ad copy along with any photos you wish to include. Photos should be high resolution sent as JPGs. No thumbnail photos please.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A3

3805 North Yellowstone Highway • Idaho Falls, ID, 83401 • 208-538-1678 • equipment@davidsteedco.com

2018 Bobcat T650 skid steer 2533 hours, cab, air, heat, pilot controls Stock #11311..$39,500

2007 Case-IH MXU115 3403 hrs, 4x4, CIH loader, cab, heat, air conditioning, 540/1000 PTO, 3-point hitch, bale forks. Stock #11344............ ............................................................ $69,500

2018 Case 821G Wheel Loader, 3580 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 3rd valve, quick coupler, 4 yard bucket, ride control. Stock #11335.......... ............................................................$139,000

2017 Atlas Copco QAS70 FT4 Generator 5735 hours, 70 KV, diesel. Stock #11281..................... ............................................. $24,500.....$19,500

7 Available

2017 Atlas Copco XAS185KD7 T4F air compressor 2100 hours, 185 CFM, towable. Stock #11279................................................ $14,900

2019 John Deere 310L EP Backhoe 3926 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extenda-hoe, 4-in-1 bucket. Stock #11316 ... $59,500

2 Available!

2019 Case 570N EP Skip Loader 1735 hours, OROPS, 4×4, box blade. Stock #11330 .......... ............................................................ $47,500

2015 Caterpillar 262D Skid Steer 2602 hours, cab, air conditioning, hydraulic quick coupler.

Stock #11099...................................... $46,500 2016 Caterpillar 262D skid steer, 2307 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, air ride seat, hydraulic quick coupler, engine block heater. Stock #11085......... $46,500

2019 Case 621G Wheel Loader 3400 hours, cab, air conditioning, 3 yard multipurpose bucket, JRB quick coupler, ride control. Stock #11342. . ................................................... Call For Price

2018 Case 580N EP Backhoe 1913 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extend-a-hoe.

Stock #11310...................................... $59,500

2018 John Deere 310L EP backhoe, 5355 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extend-a-hoe, auxiliary hydraulics, pilot controls.

Stock #11301...................................... $48,500

2017 Case 721G Wheel Loader 3503 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, JRB coupler, ride control. Stock #11323........................ $125,000

2018 Case 821G Wheel Loader 4181 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, quick coupler, 3rd valve, 4 yard bucket, radial tires. Stock #11337.$135,000

2018 John Deere 544K II Wheel Loader 3020 hours, cab, heat / air, JRB Coupler, 3 yard bucket, 3rd valve. Stock #11339....... $120,000

2017 JLG G5-18A Telehandler 1672 hours, 5,500 lb. lift capacity, 18-ft. lift height, open cab, 4WD. Stock #11308..................... $45,000

2018 Case 721G wheel loader 2490 hours, new radial tires, 3rd valve, quick coupler, ride control, 3-1/2 yd. bucket, cab, air conditioning.

Stock #11294......................................$129,000

2015 JCB 506-36 telehandler 2280 hours, 6000 lb. lift capacity, 36′ lift height, ROPS, 48″ carriage, 48″ forks. Stock #11297................ $47,500

2023 Skid Pro 2 SP-01-1551-84 Available! new snow blower attachment for skid steer. 84″ wide, 20″ fan, G6 motor package, comes with universal harness and toggle control in separate box, 2 year manufacturer warranty, attachment only...............................................$7950

2010 International ProStar Premium Water Truck 4,000 gallon Ledwell tank, PTO driven sprayers, rear hose reel, Cummins ISX450ST 15L diesel engine, 450 adv HP, Eaton Fuller 10 speed manual transmission, 217″ wheel base.

Stock #10798...................................... $66,500

14 Available - $2500/ea.

2017 JLG G5-18A Telehandler 2888 hours, 5,500 lb. lift capacity, 18-ft. lift height, cab, 4WD. Stock #11306 ........................... $49,500

We also RENT Equipment!

Give us a call! 208.538.1678

2012 Hitachi ZX50U-3 mini excavator 3834 hours, cab, air and heat, auxiliary hydraulics, hydraulic thumb, bucket. Stock #10866........... .......................................... $45,000.....$39,500

2020 John Deere 310SL backhoe, 1290 hours, cab, air conditioning, heat, 4x4, extend-a-hoe, pilot controls, ride control, front coupler. Stock #11315................................................ $79,500

Single Axle Dollies 20,000 lb. GVWR, 295/75R-22.5 tires.

Partial Listing only - many more available for RENT or SALE.

www.davidsteedco.com

Drone test prep course

Trader’s Dispatch April 2025 — Page A4

~ ~ Private Treaty ~ ~

Black and Red Angus Bulls - Yearling and 2-year-olds These cattle are bred for long lasting maternal traits and moderate birth weights since 1981.

Fertility tested and delivered.

Contact Browning Angus (406) 486-5040 or (406) 429-7371, Fallon, MT

CLAY CREEK ANGUS 245 Yearling and 2-Year-Old Registered Black Angus Range Bulls for Sale Private Treaty.

Good Selection for Heifers and Cows.

CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

Online pre-registration is required. The course registration fee is $275. Discounts are available to eligible students and educators by completing an online application.

For further details or questions, please reach out to Dr. Dirk Charlson at (402) 460-0742 (cell).

Unable to attend these sessions? Nebraska Extension plans to provide this training into the summer. Stay tuned for future information.

Upcoming sessions, scheduled for Fridays in April: April 18 — Nebraska City High School, 141 Steinhart Park Rd., Nebraska City, NE 68410 April 25 — UNL Panhandle Research, Extension and Education Center, 4502 Ave. I, Scottsbluff, NE 69361

Applications for Wyoming WFPO program CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

To apply for the WFPO program please submit a letter to the Wyoming State Conservationist to request WFPO planning assistance. The request template and additional resources can be found on the NRCS Watershed Programs website.

Please contact Shawn Follum, State Conservation Engineer, at shawn.follum@usda.gov or (307) 233-6748; or Regan Kirchner, Watershed Manager, at regan.kirchner@ usda.gov or (307) 233-6743 with questions regarding the development of your requests.

Seeds and transplanting tips Jim & Lori French

3334 Rd. 14 • Greybull, Wyoming 82426 • 307-762-3541 www.claycreek.net • bulls@claycreek.net

If bedding plant transplants have become root bound (roots are crowded and encircling each other), gently loosen the root ball at planting time.

Set the root ball of the transplant into the hole, filling in around it with soil. Leave enough space between seedlings to allow each plant to reach its mature potential without crowding its neighbors.

MONTANA STATEWIDE SPRING EQUIPMENT AUCTION AG, CONSTRUCTION & TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT

BIDDING ENDS: WED, APRIL 16TH @ 11 AM MST

ACCEPTING CONSIGNMENTS

406.616.2202 | AscentAuction.com

Preview & Bid @ AscentAuction.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A5

TIMED ONLINE ONLY

SPRING EQUIPMENT REDUCTION MUSSER’S AUCTION CENTER

APRIL 29th • 1PM • BILLINGS, MT • 4350 NEIBAUER RD

TRUCKS: Semi’s, Feed Mixers, Silage, Water, Dump, Manure Spreader, Vac & More. TRAILERS: Side Dump, Livestock, Water, Flatbeds, Lowboys, Header & More. INDUSTRIAL: Excavator, Wheel Loaders, Crawlers, Skidsteers, Warehouse Elec Forklifts & Riding Pallet Jacks, Light Towers, Gen Sets, 20’ Steel Containers, Attachments & More. AG: Tractors & Loaders, Balers, Rakes, Swathers, Processors, Grain Augers, Tillage & Planting & More. LIVESTOCK EQT: Chutes, Free Standing Panels, Wind Breaks, Feeders, & More. IRRIGATION: Gated Pipe, Alum Sprinkler Pipe, Big Squirt, 1000’s of Syphon Tubes. RECREATIONAL: Travel Trailers, Gators, Side by Sides, 4 Wheelers, Dirt Bikes. LAWN ‘N GARDEN: Mowers, Etc. TIRES & RIMS: Truck, Trailer, Tractor, Wheel Loader, Pivots & MORE. For more info, hundreds of photos & bidding registration, visit mbauction.com

BILLINGS MT (406) 652-2266

Drone test prep course

Trader’s Dispatch April 2025 — Page A4

~ ~ Private Treaty ~ ~

Black and Red Angus Bulls - Yearling and 2-year-olds These cattle are bred for long lasting maternal traits and moderate birth weights since 1981.

Fertility tested and delivered.

Contact Browning Angus (406) 486-5040 or (406) 429-7371, Fallon, MT

CLAY CREEK ANGUS 245 Yearling and 2-Year-Old Registered Black Angus Range Bulls for Sale Private Treaty.

Good Selection for Heifers and Cows.

CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

Online pre-registration is required. The course registration fee is $275. Discounts are available to eligible students and educators by completing an online application.

For further details or questions, please reach out to Dr. Dirk Charlson at (402) 460-0742 (cell).

Unable to attend these sessions? Nebraska Extension plans to provide this training into the summer. Stay tuned for future information.

Upcoming sessions, scheduled for Fridays in April: April 18 — Nebraska City High School, 141 Steinhart Park Rd., Nebraska City, NE 68410 April 25 — UNL Panhandle Research, Extension and Education Center, 4502 Ave. I, Scottsbluff, NE 69361

Applications for Wyoming WFPO program CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

To apply for the WFPO program please submit a letter to the Wyoming State Conservationist to request WFPO planning assistance. The request template and additional resources can be found on the NRCS Watershed Programs website.

Please contact Shawn Follum, State Conservation Engineer, at shawn.follum@usda.gov or (307) 233-6748; or Regan Kirchner, Watershed Manager, at regan.kirchner@ usda.gov or (307) 233-6743 with questions regarding the development of your requests.

Seeds and transplanting tips Jim & Lori French

3334 Rd. 14 • Greybull, Wyoming 82426 • 307-762-3541 www.claycreek.net • bulls@claycreek.net

If bedding plant transplants have become root bound (roots are crowded and encircling each other), gently loosen the root ball at planting time.

Set the root ball of the transplant into the hole, filling in around it with soil. Leave enough space between seedlings to allow each plant to reach its mature potential without crowding its neighbors.

MONTANA STATEWIDE SPRING EQUIPMENT AUCTION AG, CONSTRUCTION & TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT

BIDDING ENDS: WED, APRIL 16TH @ 11 AM MST

ACCEPTING CONSIGNMENTS

406.616.2202 | AscentAuction.com

Preview & Bid @ AscentAuction.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A7

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Directions: From I-94 Take Exit 141 then T Directions: From I-94 Take Exit 141 thengo godownhill downhillone onemile mile&&look lookleft. left.406-234-7355 406-234-7355www.SmithSalesCo.com www.SmithSalesCo.com

Selling: Selling:John JohnDeere Deere3970 3970 forage forage harvester harvester with Dion F64 head.

The current owner has on F64 head. The current owner has owned owned this chopper choppersince since1999.

1999.The The Dion Dion F64 F64 header header was added edbrand brandnew newinin2016.

2016. 1000 1000 pto pto The Theentire entireunit unitfrom fromfront front to to back back has has been been well cared caredfor. for.ItIthad hadapproximately approximately $14,000. $14,000. in hard partsreplaced replacedand andwas was only only used used for for 250 250 acres after parts that. that.

Thereason reasonfor forselling selling isis the the owner owner has has doubled doubled his The productionacres acresand andbought bought aa bigger bigger chopper. chopper. production Thischopper chopperisisset setup upnicely, nicely, has has aa good good history, This andisisjob-ready job-readyon onday dayone. one. and Owner:Floyd FloydGabel Gabel406-853-0004 406-853-0004 // Kinsey, Kinsey, MT MT Owner: Timber King King B20 B20 Timber Sawmill Sawmill

Previewititininperson personor oronline. online. ItIt would would be be difficult difficult to to Preview Peterbilt Manure 22better -- Peterbilt Manure find a similar unit in condition. find a similar unit in better condition.

Spreader Trucks Spreader Trucks DewEze Model Model 684 684 DewEze Clean Bale Bale Bed Bed Clean

7355 Bid Online at www.SmithSalesCo.com

7% BP BP “Everything “Everything sold sold as as is is where where is” is” Phone: Phone: 406-234-7355 406-234-7355 Video’s Video’s & & 1,000’s 1,000’s of of Pictures Pictures at at www.SmithSalesCo.com www.SmithSalesCo.com 7%

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A8

Deadline for advertising in the May 2025 issue is WEDNESDAY, April 30th.

POLLED HEREFORD BULLS

Tested and Guaranteed Yearlings and one 2-year-old. All from easy calving bloodlines.

Dallas Polled Herefords Don Dallas, Canyon Creek, MT 59633

(406) 410-0406

2 Cabin 0 2 Fever 5 AUCTION

C.R. Cheek

d car ve Hand ster Alaba es h Fetis

C.R. Cheek

Fri, Apr 25 & Sat, April 26, 2025

5:30 p.m. & 10 a.m. • Trade CenTer - LewisTown, mT

Marlin 1894, .44 Rem Mag

e Rope

Cuts th

Win Model 88, .308 Win

l Origina

Cabin Fever Live Auction

w/Internet Bidding Available Featuring the Estates of Steven Swiontkowski & Gary Jacobson as well as several select guest consignors

1901 $5 Coronet

1876 $1 Trade Dollar

1924 $10 St. Gaudens

ORIGINAL WESTERN ART by Jay

Contway, Fred Fellows, Larry Zabel, Earle Heikka, Bob Scriver, C.R. Cheek, Clarence Cuts the Rope, Joe Bohler, Nadine Pickthorne, Dan Muller, J.K. Ralston, R.E. Pierce, Jean Kostel & many more.

WESTERN GEAR by Al Furstnow, Eddie Hurlbert, Frank Meanea & more

GOLD AND SILVER COINS 20+/- FIREARMS INDIAN ARTIFACTS MONTANA EPHEMERA VINTAGE & MODERN FURNITURE ANTIQUES & COLLECTIBLES

eek C.R. Ch l in Orig a

Look for the catalog online soon!

www.shobeauction.com Tom & Rhonda Craver

Vintage Winchester Rifle Auction Fri, may 30, 2025 • Yogo Inn Conference Room, Lewistown

50 Firearms, wesTern arT, earLy monTana memoraLbiLia & CoLLeCTor’s knives inCLuding 38 vinTage winChesTers

r you rk ! a s m r ! nda aLe

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Look For CaTaLog onLine!

Shobe Auction, Inc.

Office: 406-538-5125 • Jayson: 406-366-5125 • Kyle: 406-366-0472

Dates for NDSU Extension youth farm safety camps

Teen farm safety camp participants demonstrate how to properly connect hydraulic hoses and power take-off shafts of farm equipment to a tractor. (NDSU photo) Teen farm safety camp participants demonstrate how to properly connect hydraulic hoses and power take-off shafts of farm equipment to a tractor. (NDSU photo) According to the National Children’s Center for Rural and Agricultural Safety and Health, young workers were 7.8 times more likely to be fatally injured in agriculture when compared to all other industries combined in 2016.

Tractors and all-terrain vehicles are the leading sources of fatal events. When it comes to youth fatalities on the farm, 47% involved transportation, which includes tractors, 20% involved contact with machinery and 13% involved violent contact with animals. In 2021, the annual cost of childhood agriculture-related deaths was $605 million, with nonfatal agriculture-related injuries at $1.4 billion.

“These sobering statistics highlight the need for more training and education when it comes to having youth work on farms,” says Angie Johnson, North Dakota State University Extension farm and ranch safety coordinator. “NDSU Extension provides youth farm worker certification training that meets the U.S. Department of Labor Hazardous Occupations Order in Agriculture (HOOA) requirements for 14-to-15-year-olds to be able to legally work on a farm other than their own family’s operation.”

Youth will be able to learn about safe farm and ranch practices and earn their certifications during three statewide farm safety camps that NDSU Extension is hosting this year.

Camp dates and locations are the following: May 28-30, Burgum Hall, NDSU campus, Fargo June 10-12, Williston State College and Williams County Highway Complex, Williston June 17-19, Bismarck State College and Joann Hetzel Memorial 4-H Building, Bismarck The three-day, two-night camps cover the basics of safe tractor and machinery operation, general farm hazards, livestock handling, use of personal protective equipment, and basic first aid and first-response procedures.

“These camps help teens become familiar with the most serious hazards associated with operating tractors and agricultural machinery, along with the fundamentals of safe operation and maintenance,” says Johnson, who is collaborating with NDSU Extension agents to conduct the camps.

Participants will receive hands-on experience and learning opportunities: Safe tractor operation, including a tractor-driving obstacle course Livestock handling All-terrain vehicle safety, including ATV certification Skid steer operation Roadway safety using rules of the road Farm first aid and emergency preparedness Laws related to youth working in agriculture Equipment operation and maintenance Farm stress management skills Farm hazard identification Youth will have opportunities for hands-on learning, including utilizing farm equipment on obstacle courses to simulate actual farm situations. Livestock handling sessions will allow participants to interact with animals and learn more about animal behaviors and safety when working with animals. ATV certification and Stop the Bleed certification are also included.

Federal law under the HOOA requires that youth under the age of 16 receive certification of training before employment on farms operated by anyone other than a parent or guardian. The program is for youth between 14 and 15 years old.

Youth who are 13 can participate, and the certification they receive will become valid when they turn 14.

By successfully passing this program, which includes a final exam, participants will receive official certification to operate tractors over 20 horsepower and some pieces of farm machinery when working for a farmer or rancher outside of the family’s operation.

“While this certification is not required for youth to work on their own family farm, we encourage all teens who plan to work on a farm to participate in this program,” says Johnson.

“These camps are designed to strengthen communication skills between parents, employers and teen workers on the farm. Farm safety training prepares the next generation of the workforce with the safety skills needed to prevent injuries and fatalities on the job.”

CONTINUED ON PAGE A10

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A9

YELLOWSTONE AUCTION annual spring auction FINAL BIDDING STARTS TO CLOSE TUESDAY, APRIL 29th @ 5PM Consign your Farm, Ranch & Construction Equipment, Tools, ATV/UTV’s, Titled Vehicles & Trailers NOW!

PREVIEW IN PERSON:

8924 S. Frontage Rd. Billings, MT Billings Farm & Ranch Supply Yard SHIPPING CONTAINERS

COMPACT EXCAVATORS (AGT Model #)

40' High Cube Multi-Door Containers: 8 Avail

TRACTOR ATTACHMENTS & MISC

Core Aerator: 2 Available Tractor Blade Attachments: 2 Available Compact Tractor Manure Fork Grapple: 1 Avai Skid Mtd Screener: 2 Available Seeder (Fits Skid Steer & 3-PT Quick Hitch): 2 Av

HITCHES & QUICK ATTACHMENTS 3-Point Quick Tach: 5 Available Tractor Class 2 Quick Hitch: 6 Available 3/8" Thick Quick Tach Cut Out Mount Plate: 5

DM12-C: 1 H12R: 2 H13R: 2 H15R: 5 L12R: 1 LS15R: 1

MH12R: 1 MX12R: 2 MX12RX: 1 MX15R: 2 MX15RX: 1 MY50R: 1

NT18K: 1 QH12R: 4 QH13R: 2 QK13R: 2 QK16R: 3 QK18K-C: 1

QK18RXS-C: 2 QNT30: 1 QNT50R :1 WH12R: 1 A LDH-KV16 (Hyd): 2

COMPACT EXCAVATOR ATTACHMENTS Mini Excavator Attachment (Set of 9): 3 Available

FULL-SIZED EXCAVATOR ATTACHMENTS Universal Bucket Pins: 5 Sizes, 10 Available

COMPACT SKID STEER LOADERS MX-MRW14: 1 CRT23: 1 MX-CRT23: 1 LDH-T380: 2 MX-MRT14: 1 LDH-T460: 2 HR230: 1

KRW232: 1 LRT23: 2 TK35R: 1 YF2-380: 1

YSRT14: 2 KRW23: 3 SDA-140W: 1

COMPACT SKID STEER ATTACHMENTS Mini Skid Steer Pallet Forks: 2 Available Mini Auger & Drive Bit: 5 Available Mimi Combination Bucket: 2 Available Mini Stump Grapple: 4 Available

CARPORTS & SHEDS

FENCING & GATES & MATERIALS

11’x19‘ All-Steel Carport: 4 Available 11’ x 19‘ Metal Garage Shed: 4 Available 20’x 20’ All-Steel Carport: 2 Available 22’ x 23’ Double Garage Metal Shed: 2 Available 30‘ x 20’ Metal Garage: 2 Avail 30’ x 40’ Peak Ceiling Storage: 2 Available 30’ x 85’ Peak Ceiling Storage: 1 Available 33‘ x 25’ Double Garage Steel Barn Shed: 4 Avail 6’ x 8’ Galvanized Apex Roof Metal Shed: 5 8’ x 10’ Galvanized Apex Roof Metal Shed: 5

SMALL & LARGE GAS, ELECTRIC & AIR-POWERED EQUIPMENT 40-Gal 2-Stage Truck Mtd Air Compressor: 2 Air Impact Wrench 1”: 1 Available Diamond Dry Core Drill Set: 1 Available Hydraulic Winch 15000-LB: 3 Available Manual Tile Cutter: 5 Available Plasma Cutter: 1 Available Diesel Fuel Transfer Pump: 3 Available Portable Sawmill: 1 Available Water Pump (3”): 6 Available Heavy Duty Plate Compactor: 8

HEAVY LIFTING EQUIPMENT

Gantry Crane 2200-LB Adjustable Height: 1 Gantry Crane 4400-LB Adjustable Height: 1 Hydraulic Lift Table Cart: 3 Available Pallet Truck Dolly Lift: 5 Available 10,000LB Hydraulic 2-Post Base Plater Auto Lift: 2

LOAD SECURING & ANCHORING 4.75-12T Anchor Shackle G209: 2 Available Ratchet Binders 5400-LB & G70 Chains: 3 Av Ratchet Binders 9200-LB & G70 Chains: 4 Av Ratchet Tie Down & Flatpack Toolbox: 3 Av 7’ Double Legs Lifting Chain Sling: 4 Avail Webbing Sling (Total QTY of 22): 2 Avail Cast Iron Anvil: 400 LBS: 2 Available

Barbed Wire: 5 Available Galvanized Farm Fence: 5 Available 10’ Galvulume Corrugated: (100 pcs) 2 Available 8’ x 6’ Powder Coated Steel Site Fencing (22pcs): 1Avail Bi-Parting Metal Driveway Gate (DEER Image): 8 Avail 44” High Kraal Network: 2 Available

LIVESTOCK HANDLING EQUIPMENT

Cattle Squeeze Chute 7’ : 1 Available Cattle Squeeze Chute 10’ : 1 Available Livestock Metal Shed: 4 Available 20’ x 10’ x 8’ Chicken Coop (Galvanized & Portable): 2 Av

UTILITY CARTS

Cart Dump Wagon: 5 Available Collapsible Garden Cart / Wagon: 5

CONSTRUCTION

28” High Traffic Cones (60 pcs): 2 Av Mobile Toilet w/Shower: 2 Available

OUTDOOR LIVING

Metal Fire Pit, Round 36” : 5 Av Propane Patio Heater: 5 Av

WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT Drawer Rolling Tool Chest: 5 Av Stainless Steel Table: 5 Avail Oil Drain Tank: 5 Available

Accepting Large Consignments Through April 25th: Trailers, Vehicles, Farm, & Ranch, Construction Equipment

Experienced • Honest • reliable

406-451-3579 CONSIGN NOW

Over 1700 Auctions Since 1991 • Make One Call to Sell it ALL!

FULL-SIZED SKID STEER ATTACHMENTS • FULL-SIZED SKID STEER ATTACHMENTS • FULL-SIZED SKID STEER ATTACHMENTS

WE HAVE THE TOOLS FOR YOUR SPRING PROJECTS

consignment list • ALL UNUSED • more coming

A p r il 2 4 , 2 5 , 2 6 28 & 29 9AM - 4PM

GROUND PREP & EARTHWORK Big Arm Backhoe: 2 Available Hydraulic Rotary Tillers: 4+ Available Rippers: 2 Available Trencher: 5 Available 6-Way Dozer Blades: 3+ Available Grader: 1 Available Land Levelers: 2 Available Vibratory Plate Compactor: 1 Vibratory Roller: 1 Available Rock Buckets: 4 Sizes Available Track Duty Buckets: 4 Sizes, 8 Available Screening Buckets: 3 Available Rock Screening Buckets: 1 Available

MATERIAL & LAND MGMT Root Rake: 1 Available Rotating Grapple Hydraulic: 1 Tree Pullers: 4 Available Stump Grinder: 4 Available Tree Digger: 3 Available Pole Clamp: 1 Available Grapple Buckets: 3 Available Hay Accumulator Grapple: 2 Power Rake: 3 Available Rock Rake: 1 Available Rock Picker: 2 Available X-treme Manure Fork: 2 Available

FORKS & LOAD ASSISTANCE Bale Spears: 5 Available Bale Squeeze Hydraulic Adjustable: 1 Forklift Forks: Several Available Fork Grapple: 1 Available Pallet Fork Extensions (6.6’ & 7.2’): 15 Av Pallet Forks: 6 Available Hydraulic Adjustable Pallet Forks: 8

BRUSH & VEGETATION Brush Cutters: 10 Available Heavy-Duty Brush Cutters: 2 Articulating Brush Cutters: 2 Drum Mulcher: 1 Available Sickle Bar Mowers: 4 Available 3-Blades Mower: 1 Available

CONCRETE PROCESSING

Concrete Breaker: 1 Available Concrete Crusher: 1 Available Concrete Chuter: 1 Available Breaker: 4 Available Concrete Post Driver: 2 Available Double Discharge Concrete Mixer: 3

ADAPTERS

1/2” Universal Quick Attach Mount Plate: 5 1/4“ Universal Quick Attach Mount Plate: 5 27” Hydraulic Rotating Base: 2 Universal Adapter Plate: 4 Av Utility Hitch Adapter 2” : 5 Av 3-Point Hitch Adapter: 2 3/8” Skid Steer Mount Plate w/ 2” Removable Trailer Hitch Receiver: 8 Available

AUGERS & DRILLING

Auger Drives & Bits: 8 Available Augers: 2 Available

SPECIALTY & MISC

Broom: 1 Available Angle Broom: 1 Available Box Broom Sweeper: 2 Avail Snow Pusher: 1 Available

Yellowstone Auction.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A10

Do you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch? Have you found what you needed? Please, tell our advertisers!

GEIB RED ANGUS 12th Annual Private Treaty

Registered Red Angus Bull Sale

Sons of: WSM Playmaker, LEM Stockyard, GMRA King James, SUTH Free Style, BB Propulsion, DDRA No Limites, WFL Profitmaker, Six Mile Mossy Oak and Bieber Jump Start

Great Dispositions

Please call, text or email for more information.

406-480-1148

geibredangus@nemont.net

##### On average, the first cameras took around 20 minutes to take a photo. The subject needed to stay as still as possible to get the highest quality photo. The movement would cause the photo to blur and the subject to be out of focus. Therefore, sitting with a relaxed face rather than holding a smile for 20 minutes was easier. ##### Hero: one of the shortestlived professions on Earth

Outstanding Headquarters ~ Ranching ~ Hay ~ Farming ~ Irrigation ~ Hunting ~ 4-Wheeling ~ Native Pastures ~ Mostly Contiguous ~ Fully Remodeled 4-Bedroom House

11,500 +/- Acres --– in 12 tracts or in units Land and Cattle Auction

ABSOLUTE LAND AUCTION Wed., April 30, 2025 at 1 pm MT

Property: From N side of Belle Fourche, SD, at JCT 212 & 85, go 91/2 mi. E on Hwy 212, then N on Arpan Rd for 121/2 mi. to headquarters. 17541 Arpan Rd, Nisland, SD 57762

Just East & North of Orman Dam Reservoir & Black Hills

Impressive Headquarters with good buildings, corrals ~ Property has not been overgrazed ~ Amazing Views ~ Productive year-around Ranch or Farmland ~ Great Place to raise a family, cattle or horses ~ 7300 +/- A. cropland ~ 4250 +/- A. pasture ~ AMAZING HUNTING ~ Stock Dams ~ Rural Water with pipelines & tanks ~ Irrigation, both flood & pivot.

Owners: David & Morgan Hargrove See www.PiroutekAuction.com or www.ArnesonAuction.com for maps, photos and more Piroutek Auction Service Arneson Auction Service Dan Piroutek, 605-685-4556 Lonnie Arneson, 605-798-2525 RE # 282 & # 11296 ~~ Auctioneers represent Sellers ~~

Casteel Real Estate Ryan Casteel, 605-423-6000 Jerry Casteel 605-347-1164

North Dakota Angus University Feed-out Cattle producers will have an opportunity to see how Angus-sired cattle from their operation perform in a feedlot during the North Dakota Angus University calf feed-out program this summer and fall.

North Dakota State University’s Carrington Research Extension Center (CREC) is partnering with the North Dakota Angus Association (NDAA) to sponsor the North Dakota Angus University Feed-out. This is the 14th year of the program.

“Feed-out projects like North Dakota Angus University are a great way for producers to learn more about their calves’ performance compared to other herds,” says Karl Hoppe, Extension livestock systems specialist at the CREC. Ranchers can consign steers to the program by contacting the CREC. Consigned steers must be at least 50% Angus genetics and weigh between 800 and 1,100 pounds at the time of delivery. Consigned cattle will be delivered to the CREC feedlot on June 2-6, 2025.

Ranchers who consign cattle pay the feeding costs based on the average cost of gain plus veterinary costs and a modest yardage charge. The CREC will carry the feed, veterinary and yardage costs until the cattle are marketed. After the cattle are marketed, costs and all applicable fees are deducted from the sale price without an interest charge. Consigners of the program must also be NDAA members.

Participants in the North Dakota Angus University will receive periodic progress reports on their calves’ performance, as well as a final report on overall performance, efficiency and carcass traits of their calves.

In 2024, calf performance was measured during a 133day feeding study. Steers had an average daily gain of 4.14 pounds per day. Shrunk live weight at harvest averaged 1,484 pounds, and carcass weight averaged 932 pounds. The cattle graded 97% USDA Choice or better with 51% meeting Certified Angus Beef (CAB) specifications and 19% Prime quality grade.

The NDAA offers $1,500 in prizes to the top three carcasses at the end of the feed-out. These prizes are sponsored

by Neogen, Western Ag Reporter, Martin-Trudeau Insurance and LaMoure Feed & Seed.

More information is available at ndsu.ag/ndauenroll.

To consign a group of cattle or for more information, contact Colin Tobin, CREC animal scientist, at 701-6522951 or colin.tobin@ndsu.edu; Karl Hoppe, NDSU Extension livestock systems specialist, at 701-652-2951 or karl. hoppe@ndsu.edu or Sydney Glasoe Caraballo, North Dakota Angus Association Feed-out program chair at 678-989-7189.

Dates for NDSU Extension youth farm safety camps CONTINUED FROM PAGE A8

Thomas Jewett, a teenager from Barnes County, has attended the NDSU Extension farm safety camp for two years.

Because of his participation, he says his family’s operation has changed for the better.

“Our organization has improved as we discussed farm safety issues, addressed safety items needing to be fixed and reviewed our farm safety plan,” Jewett says. “I want to make sure that when my family farms, we are safe. Farm safety camp helps with this.”

Camps are open to youth from all counties in North Dakota. Youth do not need to be enrolled in 4-H to participate.

Registration opens March 17, and the deadline to register is April 17. The cost of each camp is $300. Registration for all three camps can be found online at ndsu.ag/youthfarmsafety.

Sponsorships from businesses and organizations provide personal protective equipment and farm safety supplies for camp participants. Contact Johnson at angela.b.johnson@ ndsu.edu to learn more about current sponsorship opportunities.

For more information regarding farm safety camp, contact your local NDSU Extension agent.

Marboro Man Using a cowboy to pitch the cigarette brand was inspired when ad execs saw a 1949 Life magazine photo – a close-up of a weather-worn Texas rancher named Clarence Hailey Long, who wore a cowboy hat and had a cigarette in his mouth.

SDSU Extension hosting Swine Summit for youth

South Dakota State University Extension is pleased to host the 2025 South Dakota Swine Summit on June 12, 2025, on the SDSU campus in Brookings.

The summit is for youth ages 12-21 who want to learn more about the swine industry and different career opportunities. From 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m., attendees can enjoy a mix of educational and hands-on sessions, along with a tour of the SDSU Swine Education and Research Facility.

It is free to attend thanks to the South Dakota Pork Producers Council. Registration is required by June 7 at the SDSU Extension Events page; search “summit”.

Throughout the day, youth will learn about all stages of swine production, from raising piglets to meat processing.

Producers from around the state will demonstrate animal care, and attendees will get a chance for hands-on practice with care and showmanship.

“One of the aspects I really enjoy about the Swine Summit is getting the participants into the meat lab where they have the chance to see the final steps of swine production,” said Christina Bakker, assistant professor and SDSU Extension Meat Science Specialist. “Many people are unfamiliar with how live animals are processed into food and the career opportunities associated within the meat industry.”

The day will also include a veterinarian discussing biosecurity and animal health, along with a close look at how research is conducted and best practices in large commercial environments.

By showcasing SDSU’s own swine research facility, Rafe Royall, assistant professor and SDSU Extension Swine Specialist, said students get to see multiple stages of swine production and research, as well as what SDSU has to offer.

“This is an awesome opportunity for youth to get exposed to a wide variety of topics in the swine industry,” Royall said. “If you’ve got a kid that’s hungry to learn, whether they have experience with swine or is just enthralled with them, they’re going to have the opportunity to learn a great deal.”

For more information, contact Christina Bakker, assistant professor and SDSU Extension Meat Science Specialist; or Rafe Royall.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A11`

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

Consignment Sale May 29, 2025 - Chester, MT

Will be live onsite and online Taking consignments now until May 24 Print advertising deadline is April 28 Featuring Bill Skinner Retirement: Bill’s entire shop inventory will be offered including SNAP-ON tools, Lincoln welder, 100T press, anvil and other high-quality items. If you know Bill, you know these will be good!

Call 406-432-2845 fritzauction@yahoo.com

2 W Custom and Full Service Manure Spreading

4 2 Spreader trucks available 4 We also offer side dump hauling for long hauls Loader and Skid Steer Available

Affordable • Reliable • Dependable

Call for a quote today!

Larry - 406-899-5515 OR Robert - 406-590-6238

Annual Production Sale

e of a bull to s a h c r u p e 0 off th bulls at the ranch Receive $ 5 0 view the o h w s r e m custo day! prior to sale

April 26, 2025 Glasgow, MT Stockyards - 1pm

SELLING 70 HOME RAISED YEARLING BULLS AND 50 HD OF OUR TOP END, HIGH QUALITY REPLACEMENT HEIFERS!

Where traditional cow sense meets modern performance.

For the first time ever, we will be drawing for $3,500 credit towards your bull purchases the day of the sale. You must be present at Glasgow Stockyards on the day of the sale to qualify.

Learn more at our website!

Scan to visit our website

www.eayrsangusranch.com

RIZON HO

Paul Eayrs: (406) 957-5685

AGENCY

Logan Eayrs: (406) 351-1384

G

RKETIN MA

e st . 2 017

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A12

February precipitation increases snowpack across most of Montana

FOR SALE

4-Horse Camper Combo Call for info: (307) 234-3003 Casper, WY

UPCOMING Art & Laurie Pearson

FARM RETIREMENT Thurs., June 26th, 2025

Tractors, plows, seeding equipment, trucks, combine and vehicles This will be an excellent line up of older farm machinery.

Come on out to the sale and wish Art and Laurie a great retirement and enjoy a day on the beautiful south hills of the Dry Fork River, Conrad, MT Look for a full listing of items for sale in the May issue of Trader’s Dispatch.

Flying D Auction

Call cell 406-289-0514 Zane Drishinski Auctioneer, Conrad, MT

“February was overall a month of steady snow accumulation in Montana,” said Eric Larson, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Hydrologist.

SNOTELs across the state reported 1-4 inches of precipitation equaling about 1030 inches of snow during the first week of February. Mid-month brought slightly less accumulation, but the snowpack did make some gains, about 5-15 inches of snow at mountain elevations. The last week of February was characterized by sunshine and precipitation, with storms falling as a mix of rain and snow at many mountain locations.

Despite warmer temperatures during the last week of the month, SNOTELs across the state received up to an inch of precipitation with northwest Montana receiving slightly more. Overall mountain precipitation during February was 90-180% of normal, except in the Tongue River basin where precipitation was only 50% of normal.

Above normal precipitation resulted in increased snowpack percentages since last month in nearly all basins, however early season deficits persist across most of the state. Currently basin wide snowpack percentages are 80-100% of normal. Exceptions include the Sun-Teton-Marias and St. Mary River basin where the snowpack is about 70% of normal. The Gallatin and Smith-Judith-Musselshell snowpack is at 110-120% of normal. “The slightly below normal snowpack in many basins is not overly concerning yet, especially given the stormy outlook for the next two weeks.

At least we are doing better than last year

at this time when snowpack percentages were 60-70% of normal statewide,” said Larson. One to two months remain in the typical snowpack accumulation season. The snowpack at Montana’s highest elevations typically reaches peak levels in late-April or early May. “Even locations that currently have an above normal snowpack need additional snow over the next couple months.

One example is the Gallatin, where the March 1 snowpack was 110% of normal, yet despite being above normal it is currently only 65% of the normal May 1 snowpack,” said Larson.

Streamflow forecasts are published in the March through June NRCS Water Supply Outlook Reports. March 1 forecasts provide an initial look at what spring and summer snowmelt and runoff might bring this year.

Uncertainty in the forecasts published this month comes from uncertainty of what future weather will bring. “The March 1 water supply forecasts currently trends with total water year precipitation and the resulting snowpack, therefore most forecasts indicate slightly below normal runoff this season,” said Larson. Continued precipitation over the rest of the winter and spring will be influential in catching up from water year precipitation deficits and below normal runoff predictions at many locations.

A full report of conditions on March 1 can be found in the monthly Water Supply Outlook Report available on the Montana Snow Survey website. In addition, real-time snow survey data can be found at nrcs.usda. gov/montana/snow-survey.

Controlling winter annual weeds

WE KNOW MONTANA. • 3rd Generation in the business

• Full service real estate team

• 5th Generation Montanans

• Serving you for over 30 years

• Locally owned and operated

• Agents available across the state

In the last couple of years, more than half of the real estate transactions in Montana are happening off market.

When you are considering buying or selling your Montana property & would like to have a confidential conversation, give us a call!

Logan Todd 406.930.3673 logan@stre.us

Mary Ann Duffey 406.930.6607 maryann@stre.us

John Andras 406.670.5074 john@stre.us

© Sonny Todd Real Estate | www.sonnytoddrealestate.com | info@sonnytoddrealestate.com 301 W. 1st Ave., Suite C, PO Box 828, Big Timber, MT 59011 | 406.932.1031

By Todd Whitney, UNL Now is the time to control winter annual weeds in alfalfa.

Thin field stands combined with open soil surfaces and adequate moisture can result in high weed pressure. So, prior to alfalfa shoot green-up or dormancy break scout fields for early green winter annual weed patches of pennycress, downy brome, mustards, cheatgrass, and shepherd’s purse.

Left unchecked, these weeds can lower first cutting hay yield, quality and palatability. Also, excessive weeds can extend dry-down and lengthen harvest time.

However, before applying any herbicide, scout to determine current and potential weed pressure. Verify that fields have enough weeds to justify herbicide spray applications and then determine the best management options.

Winter annual weeds can grow during cooler Spring temperatures better than alfalfa; so dormant alfalfa herbicides such as: MCPA Amine; metribuzin (Sencor®); and Gramoxone® can still be applied. Pre-emergent herbicides such as Warrant®; Chateau®; and Prowl H2O® can be applied soon after green-up, but these chemicals will not control weeds which have already germinated. Aim® herbicide will control early growing broadleaf weeds, but not control grassy weeds.

Poast® herbicide will control most growing weedy grasses but not downy brome. Pursuit® and Raptor® herbicides control growing henbit well during early alfalfa green-up, but control weeds best when air temperatures are warmer.

Glyphosate products like Roundup Weathermax®/Powermax® will control growing weeds with warmer temperatures too; but must be used with Roundup-Tolerant varieties.

Other products for new alfalfa fields include: Arrow®; Select Max®; Velpar; Karmex®; Sinbar®; Pursuit; Butyrac® and Raptor®. Our UNL Extension publication, EC 130, ‘Guide for Weed, Disease, and Insect Management in Nebraska’ may provide additional information; or visit our website: cropwatch.unl.edu Winter annuals can quickly establish in hay fields, so early season weed control is important for quality hay production.

Timing is essential, so control winter annuals before alfalfa breaks dormancy and before weeds render economic losses

Drought prep program for cattle producers

By Nebraska Extension Ongoing drought conditions will require delayed turnout on pasture, reduced stocking rates, or alternative sources of feed for cattle this summer. The Nebraska Extension will host a webinar program to provide producers with information on options for managing and mitigating the impacts of drought. The webinar will be held on Tuesday, April 15, with the option to attend host site locations from 6:30 to 8 p.m. MT (7:30 to 9 p.m. CT).

Drought Preparation Program Topics include: Conditions and Outlook – Dr. Eric Hunt, Nebraska Extension Agricultural Meteorologist Rangeland Response to Drought – Dr. Mitch Stephenson, Range Management Specialist Annual Forage Options – Dr. Jerry Volesky, Range & Forage Specialist Summer Dry Lot Feeding Pairs – Dr. Karla Wilke, CowCalf Management Specialist Programs for Producers – Laura Baker, CED Kimball County Farm Service Agency The program will focus on delivering key information for producers to consider, with time allocated for questions from attendees.

There is no cost to attend the program. Local host sites would appreciate preregistration to plan for the number of attendees.

Rushville – Brock Ortner, Sheridan Office, 308-3272312 Scottsbluff – Dr. Mitch Stephenson, PREC Bluestem Room, 308-632-1355 Kimball – Aaron Berger, Kimball-Banner Extension Office, 308-235-3122 Thedford – T.L. Meyer, Upper Loup NRD Meeting Room, 308-645-2267 O’Neill – Bethany Johnston, Holt County Annex Building, 402-336-2760 For those planning to attend remotely, contact Aaron Berger at aberger2@unl. edu to register and receive Zoom connection information. The program will be recorded and archived.

For more information or questions, contact Aaron Berger at 308-235-3122. ##### Two men, who were both good golfers but not very bright, were out playing a round on a very foggy day.

They could both make out the flag but couldn’t see the green. They both hit what appeared to be decent shots, but they couldn’t be sure. When they got to the green, however, they were pleasantly surprised. One ball had landed just inches from the hole, and the other one was actually in the cup.

However, because both golfers had used a Titleist with the same number on it, they didn’t know which ball belonged to each player.

They decided to go see the club pro for a ruling. After explaining their stories, the club professional said, “Well first of all, kudos to both of you on playing such a fine shot. Now I just have one question: which one of you was playing the yellow ball?”

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A13

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A14

Rocky Mountain College launches new program in Uncrewed Aerial Systems (Drones)

MW

drones commercially is simple on paper: passing the FAA’s Unmanned Aircraft General (UAG) exam,” explains Matt Prinkki, Assistant Professor of Aviation and head of RMC’s UAS program. “However, to excel Moore, MT For all your grain, hay, and fertilizer in the competitive landscape, UAS opera406-350-0865 hauling needs tors need an extra edge—practical expertise, problem-solving abilities, and communication skills that only a college education can provide. Our program helps students build a foundation for lifelong success in this 2019 McCormick X8-680 rapidly maturing industry.” tractor, 310 hp, 985 hours, What Sets RMC Apart new front and rear duals RMC’s UAS major integrates aviation, never mounted, front PTO business, and liberal arts disciplines, creatand 3-point, Flexair reversing an unparalleled learning experience. ing fan and Topcon guidance. Was used to run triple “We pride ourselves on educating wellmowers......... $155,000 obo rounded aviation professionals,” says Dan 4) Case IH RB 564 round balers. Bale counts range from Hargrove, Director of the Aviation Program.

9000 to 24,000 bales.

“Students will not only master drone opDepending on baler.............................. $12,000 to $15,000 eration but also gain critical insights into International 3688 tractor, 8500 hours, new hydraulic safety, legal issues, and presenting complex pump, cab kit and a/c system............................. $14,000 Phone (406) 439-7071, Helena, Montana technical data in ways that customers can understand and use effectively.”

To cap their education, UAS majors will complete a hands-on capstone projth ect designed to showcase their expertise. Students will R IG provide UAS services for a N real-world client—processPM ing collected data, creating professional reports, and presenting actionable yr insights. This experience ol d equips graduates with not B u l l s f r o m t h e t o p 1 / 3 o f t h e c r o p H e i f e r s f r o m t h e h e a r t o f t h e h e r d . only practical experience FRANCIS 406-429-2925 but also a compelling portARLEY 406-429-6151 Auctioneer: 2010 World Champion Kyle Shobe Join us for LUNCH AT NOON folio that sets them apart in francis@midrivers.com Catered by Mama O’z Lineshack Catering Dick Raths - DVM - 38-Year Ranch Vet the job market.

P.O. Box 86•Winnett, MT 59087 Uniquely Positioned for Registered RED Angus 28 Yrs the Future As the drone industry evolves and discovers new applications—from infrastructure inspection to agKRP K KRP KANYON ANYON MAKER MAKER 3853 3853 #1622622 HB STAY riculture, disaster response, and beyond—the demand 11 Years of NATURAL Service (pictured 2024) 109 26 for skilled operators is soaring. “RMC offers an unmatched blend of aviation expertise and hands-on UAS PAST SALE BULL AVGS.: PAST SALE BULL AVGS.: training,” says Prinkki. “Our FERTILITY STAYABILITY MORPHrigorous, industry-aligned YEAR HB STAY MOTILITY OLOGY curriculum positions our 2022 90 22 2022 86.6 87.4 students for success.”

2023 92.6 23 2023 88.4 89.4 2024 102 23 2024 88 88.6 RMC President Bob RAAA AVG. ??????

RAA AVG. 55 15 Wilmouth underscores the college’s vision: “Drone technology is revolutionizing industries and reshaping the future. We are proud to deliver a values-based education that equips our graduates to lead with integrity, solve critical problems, and ethically serve society.”

SALE BULL SAMPLING Key Differentiators of 205 DAM DOB BW AWW SIRE # SIRE BULL # STAY WR MPPA the UAS Major at RMC: Hands-on training lever#1622622 KRP KANYON MAKER 3853 #4867984 3/30/23 70 728 102 100 26 aging RMC’s deep aviation #1546984 KRP MAKE A MILL 2054 #4867990 4/19/23 85 753 105 104 23 background.

A unique capstone project #1329487 BUF CRK FINAL ANSWER W004 #4868256 3/30/23 80 737 101 100 23 that produces real-world re#4172812 KRP MALBEC RED MILL 9636 #4868222 4/18/23 77 754 107 101 22 sults and employment-ready #3783603 KRP OLY'S WANDER 7500 #4867964 4/18/23 75 729 104 103 21 portfolios.

Cross-disciplinary educa#4338991 KRP EPIC BUSTER 0689 #4868278 4/12/23 78 743 104 103 20 tion in aviation, business, #3721545 RED U2 MALBEC 195D #4867956 4/1/23 85 748 103 102 20 and liberal arts for a com#3984374 KRP HOLY PAY DAY 8221 #4868136 4/15/23 75 749 107 100 22 prehensive skill set.

Alignment with industry #3783459 KRP DOK KANYON BRITE 7359 #4868022 4/12/23 74 714 102 102 23 standards to ensure gradu#4525809 KRP RIGHT KIND PAYER 1951 #4868390 4/14/23 74 762 104 102 22 ates stand out in a competi#4338733 KRP LUNKER MAKER 0166 #4868250 4/20/23 74 714 102 99 24 tive market.

Wollman Trucking

TRACTORS & BALERS FOR SALE

Rocky Mountain College (RMC) is proud to announce the launch of a new program of study in Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS), commonly known as drones, as part of its Aviation Program. Beginning in Fall 2025, this exciting program expansion reflects the college’s commitment to equipping students with cutting-edge skills and industry-relevant expertise.

Since offering a minor in UAS in 2015, RMC has witnessed the continued growth of the drone industry and its wide-ranging applications. Recognizing this, the college has developed a comprehensive major designed to prepare the next generation of UAS professionals. With input from industry leaders, research of peer institutions and employer demands, RMC’s Aviation Department has crafted a robust curriculum aligning with evolving industry standards. The program of study received final approval from the RMC Board of Trustees in February 2025.

Why the UAS Major Matters “The process of becoming certified to fly

THURS. - MAY 8 , 2025 - 1

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A15

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406-885-0631

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

1988 Kenworth T800 fuel/lube truck, Series 60 Detroit, jakes, 9 speed, 1000 gallon fuel tank, 5 oil products, oil recovery, nice setup................... $39,900

Gehl DL8 L 44 telescoping forklift, 8K lift, 44-ft. reach, Deere engine..$27,500

2006 Fontaine stepdeck trailer, 53-ft., tail and fold-up ramps, spread axle, air ride...........................................................................................................$19,500 Vermeer S925TX mini track skidsteer, Kubota diesel engine, 1115 hours, auxiliary hydraulics................. $14,900

2008 Volvo G970 road grader, cab, heat, a/c, 14-ft. board, radial rubber, recent trans and rears............ $71,500

2013 Skytrak 10042 telescoping forklift, 10K lift, 42-ft. reach, foam filled tires, 3 way steering, 6K hours, nice lift............................................ $44,500 Multiquip 36KW genset, trailer mouted, Deere diesel engiine......... $12,900

Genie 5519 telescoping forklift, 5500# lift, 19-ft. reach, Deutz diesel engine, 2300 hours, good machine..... $43,900

2024 Wacker Neuson SM 100 mini track skidsteer, auxiliary hydraulics, bucket, 1 hour......................... $38,500

2019 Bomag BW-120SL-5 roller, smooth double drum, OROPS, Kubota diesel engine, water system, 613 hours...................................... $29,500

Rammax 1575 trench roller, diesel engine, wireless remote control, 230 hours...................................... $16,500

2011 Genie S45 boomlift, Deutz diesel engine, 4x4, 4200 hours, jib... $26,500 Miller Big Blue 400D welder/generator, Deutz diesel engine, 3300 hours trailer mounted, leads................ $7850

2012 Western Star water truck, new Uniter 4000 gallon system, 500 hp Cummins, 10 speed, rear locker, hose reel, pintle hitch, new rubber. Excellent condition............................... $125,900

2019 Genie Z 34/22 boomlift, Kubota diesel engine, 4x4, foam filled tires, low hours, nice....................... $33,500

2000 Kenworth W900L truck, fresh Signature 600 Cummins engine, jakes, 15 speed transmission, Aerocab sleeper.................................... $44,900

2014 Genie S65 boomlift, Deutz diesel engine, 1950 hours, 4x4, jib, foam, filled tires. 3 available....... $28,500 ea.

Multiquip 100KW genset, trailer mounted, 5500 hours, nice..... $25,900

2024 Case CX60C excavator, with cab, heat, a/c, hydraulic thumb, angle blade, quick coupler, auxiliary hydraulics, 38 hours.......................... $88,900 1979 Walker stainless steel tanker, 40-ft., 2 compartments, 6200 gallon total capacity, aluminum wheels, factory reconditiioned, excellent......... $25,000

Vermeer S725 TX mini track skidsteer, Kubota diesel engine, 1460 hours, auxiliary hydraulics, bucket.... $13,900

2025 Midland TW3000 sidedump trailer, air ride, 3rd axle lift, electric tarp, very little use.......................... $79,000

Skytrak 10054 telescoping forklift, 20K lift, 54-ft. reach, 3 way steering, 6-ft. forks................................ $32,500

2024 Wacker Neuson RD28 roller, Kubota diesel engine, double smooth drum, OROPS, water system, 3 hours. ............................................... $50,500

Terex RL4 light tower, diesel engine, 4 lights, generator. 4 available................ ............................................ $3995 ea.

Stainless steel tanker set - 1999 Polar 42-ft. lead, 3 axle lift, 1999 Certified 22-ft. pup, new super singles, turntable, excellent condition............$51,500

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A16

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4

Incorporating corn into beef cow rations can save forage and feed expenses

By Julie Walker, Professor & SDSU Extension Beef Specialist.

Additional Authors Warren Rusche Recent shifts in feed price may provide ing hay at 2% of body weight. In both of producers with an opportunity to reduce these research projects, corn plus a protein feed costs. Corn grain prices have been supplement were used to balance the ration. declining, with hay prices increasing. ConIn Table 1, rations were formulated to sidering differences in energy concentrameet protein requirements and maintain tion, corn becomes a much-cheaper source body condition. Ration 1 is a traditional of energy than hay. Therefore, there is an hay-based diet using alfalfa hay (19% CP) opportunity to exploit these differences in and grass hay (7% CP). Ration 2 is a limitfeed prices to reduce feed expenses. Corn, fed diet consisting of corn silage, grass hay, or corn-based by-products, can be used to and dried distiller’s grains. Ration 3 is a substitute for forages and save on daily limit-fed diet using grass hay combined with feed costs. corn and dried distillers. Mineral content Balancing Rations was not considered for the purposes of this Research at Ohio State University reillustration. ported that pregnant beef cows can be fed These examples illustrate that diets based as little as 3 pounds of hay plus corn and on corn or corn-derived feeds are more supplements to meet nutrient requirements. cost-effective in comparison to diets based Research at Purdue University has shown completely on hay. Based on the prices used, that late-gestation cows could successfully incorporation of corn reduced the feed cost be fed diets limiting hay to 0.5 or 1.0 percent per day and would stretch the forage supply. of bodyweight (dry matter basis). Rations It is very important to note that, although were balanced to meet nutrient requirethe nutritional requirements of these cows ments, and performance (weight gain) was are met, appetite is not. equal or greater compared to cows receiv-

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Management Considerations Of course, every situation is different, and hay costs in some markets may not be as high as the values used in our example.

These examples are for late gestation; however, rations can be formulated for early lactation.

Implementing some of these strategies requires limiting feed intake to match cattle nutrient requirements. However, limit feeding creates some alternative management considerations.

Diets should be based on actual nutrient analyses. Conducting feed tests on forages and other feeds allows purchasing of the right supplements to meet the animal’s requirements.

The body weight of the cows also needs to be determined accurately. Feeding 1,500-pound cows a ration developed for cows weighing 1,300 or 1,400 pounds could result in nutritional deficiencies, which might impact this year’s or next year’s calf crop.

Gradually adapt cattle to diet changes, especially if high-starch diets are used (for ex-

ample, greater than 70% corn incorporation).

Proper bunk management is extremely important to avoid digestive upsets, as well as some way to accurately weigh and/or mix limit-fed diets.

Allow plenty of room at the bunk and in the lot (at least 30 inches of bunk space and 500 square-feet per cow).

Limit-fed rations will meet the cows’ nutrient needs but won’t satisfy their appetite.

Strong fences are essential. Providing access to low-quality (cheap) roughage, such as baled or grazed corn stalks, may help satisfy their appetite and provide additional fill. However, this increases the feed costs.

Just like under more traditional management systems, body condition needs to be monitored to make sure that the cattle are on track to meet production goals.

The Bottom Line At current feed prices, substituting corn for forage is a viable option to feed beef cows. For operations with the right facilities and management ability, replacing forage with corn can stretch forage supplies and potentially reduce feed costs.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A17

406-265-9554 or 888-265-9554 1287 Highway 87 • Havre, MT 59501 Owner: Ron Harmon CELL: 406-265-0096

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2014 Versatile SX 275 sprayer, 90-ft. booms, Raven AutoSteer. Larger rear tires, stock rear tires with rim comes with sprayer.

Like new condition.

Sale priced at $110,000

1985 International 3288 With 1221 hours, 90 hp, both PTO’s and 3-point.

1997 Case IH 9380 Cummins N14, 450 HP, 4WD, 24 speed Synchro transmission, front and rear weights. $75,000

2020 Versatile Vertical Tillage, 32-ft., 5 angle adjustment, rolling basket, packers very good condition, $89,000

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Asking $45,000

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Always kept in shop.

As clean as they get.

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John Deere 1820 60-ft. air drill, 10” spacing, 1900 tow behind tank. $50,000

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Tires - Trelleborg 900 x 32 75. $295,000

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1995 AgcoStar 8425 475 hp, duals.

Very clean. $82,500

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Degelman 60-ft. heavy harrow $25,000

SeedHawk 40-ft. air drill with on-board tanks $35,000

1978 Versatile 855 4WD, 250 hp, 4 remotes, duals, rubber 50%, local trade $25,000

1982 Versatile 1150 Good tractor, have the triples just not on, runs great. $85,000 Morris 7240 240 bushel tow between with 39-ft., 12” spacing, single shoot steel packers. $35,000

1976 Versatile 850 II Nice older tractor, well taken care of, runs great. $28,000

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Sale priced at $49,500

25-ft. pull type scraper, great condition $25,000

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Versatile 856 power shift, 75% tires, 7643 hours, good condition $39,500

1989 Belarus 825 1652 hours, with loader. $15,500

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Tires are good.

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1982 Steiger Bearcat III ST225 225 hp, 4WD, 4 remotes, duals, 9100 hours. $25,000 1998 John Deere 9610 2WD, conventional, chopper/spreader combo, 6317 hours, 4480 separator hours. $30,000

1983 Versatile 835 III 250 hp, 4WD, 4932 hours, duals, 4 rear remotes, high flow hydraulics. $28,000 Seedmaster 50-ft. drill with new packers, 12” spacing $95,000

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2016 Farm King 6650 32-ft., 3 section folding.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A18

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From US Department of Agriculture Rancher Brenda Brady stands at the helm of an agricultural legacy, steering her family’s ranch in Petroleum County, Montana, into a new era. Having taken over from her parents, Jim and Diana Brady, Brenda continues to steward the land with the help of a variety of partners including, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and Winnett ACES (Agriculture, Community, Enhancement and Sustainability).

Through generations of hard work, innovation and partnership, the family has transitioned to a more sustainable operation, passing down their passion for conservation and ensuring success for future generation. These conservation principles were passed down from Brenda’s grandparents.

Managed grazing and caring for their grassland resources were things that have been important to the Brady family for generations.

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A Legacy of Ranching The Bradys began ranching in 1914 when Brenda’s great-great-grandparents homesteaded in the area. After World War II, her grandfather, Earl Brady, bought property in Petroleum County and started what is now the Brady’s ranch along with his wife, Virginia. In 1978, her parents, Jim and Diana, moved home to Winnett after college and bought part of the ranch. Over the years, they have been able to buy additional property and have taken over management of Earl’s property.

In 2019, Jim and Diana retired and transitioned the ranch by leasing it to Brenda and her sister, Laura Nowlin. Brenda operates one part of the ranch and Laura and her husband, Levi, operate the neighboring part of the ranch. Both Brenda and the Nowlins are dedicated to sustaining the family ranch.

After a career off the ranch, Brenda moved back in 2015 and now lives in her grandparents’ 1914 farmhouse and is maintaining a strong connection with her family’s history.

Brenda and the Nowlins worked for Jim and Diana before taking over management and leasing the ranch from their parents.

Reflecting on his daughters’ return to the ranch, Jim says, “I think that it was really important that they knew what was ahead and that they wanted to do it.” The family ethos of hard work, responsibility and caring for the land was instilled early on. Brenda and her sisters grew up working on the ranch and developed a deep connection to the landscape.

Visions for the Ranch Stewardship and ideas about conservation began with Brenda’s grandparents. In those early years, the Bradys understood the need to rest pastures and manage their forage base to maintain a sustainable operation.

Since then, the Bradys have utilized many NRCS conservation practices to address resource concerns on their ranch with the help of local NRCS field staff. In the past, Supervisory District Conservationist Nikki Rife and now in the present District Conservationist Reba Ahlgren, and Supervisory District Conservationist Mike Lucas, have been instrumental in guiding the Bradys through various projects.

A Land Made for Grazing Originally a combination of farming and ranching, the operation transitioned exclusively, to a grass-based grazing operation under the tenure of Jim and Diana. This was influenced by a vision to reduce inputs, improve soil health, CONTINUED ON PAGE A20

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A19

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A20

Conservation and Innovation: Reseeding a ranching legacy CONTINUED FROM PAGE A18

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increase forage production and improve wildlife habitat.

“This land is better suited for grazing cattle. One year it can be a drought, the next year it’s floods and grasshoppers.” Jim explains of the area.

In 2014, the Bradys and NRCS collaborated to convert marginal cropland back to grass and improve grazing infrastructure through fencing and stock water developments. Jim recalls, “it took a couple of years to get grasses established and this meant we couldn’t graze or utilize those acres during that time.” Nonetheless, with technical and financial assistance from the NRCS, the Bradys smoothly incorporated these acres in their rotational grazing plan.

Brenda and the Nowlins completed the conversion back to grassland as they took over. They have worked with numerous partners to then add cross fencing and develop more water infrastructure to be able to manage the grazing and use grazing to foster the establishment of the grasses.

Grass Seeding The Bradys’ conversion of cropland to pasture was one of the larger seeding projects undertaken in the area. “From 2015 to 2019, close to 4,000 acres were reseeded back to perennial vegetation,” Ahlgren says. With help from NRCS, seed mixes were developed to meet the Brady’s grazing objectives. Jim shares, “NRCS recommended certain species.

They knew the plants. They knew what was native.”

The diverse grass mixes recommended by the NRCS have enhanced diversity and provided a stable forage base for their cattle. This not only helps in maintaining the ranch’s goal for livestock production, but also supports habitat needs for a suite of wildlife species. This large-scale seeding had significant impacts for the Bradys’ grazing management.

“The seedings were spread out over multiple years,” Ahlgren says. “We typically have a two-year growing season deferment; we strategize timing of the seedings to mitigate financial impacts of the lost grazing opportunity during the period of establishment.”

Cross Fencing Fencing has been crucial for managing grazing. By implementing cross-fencing, the Bradys have been able to better rotate cattle, prevent overgrazing and rest pastures.

A significant portion of newly planned cross fences have

been permanent electric fences. These electric fences have proven to be more wildlife friendly and have allowed for more adaptive grazing management when paired with temporary electric fence. “Another benefit of the permanent electric cross fences is that the system allows Brenda to tap into permanent electric lines with temporary electric fence all using the same charger,” according to Ahlgren.

To further address threats to wildlife on the ranch, white sage grouse markers (vinyl tabs) were installed to reduce risk of sage grouse collisions in high-risk areas and close to grouse leks or “dancing grounds.” Wire heights were also adjusted to allow for better wildlife passage across the landscape. New cross fences have all been installed to be wildlife friendly.

Water Infrastructure Water infrastructure and development of stockwater began in the early 1970s. The Bradys knew that installation of stockwater systems was key in allowing for proper grazing utilization, rest and rotation of pastures. Jim Brady explains as he stands next to a recovering Boxelder creek, “We needed to have off-stream water. We started doing pipeline with our cross fencing so we could hold the cows out of here [riparian areas] so they wouldn’t damage things.”

“We helped with the pipeline design,” Ahlgren says.

“This system started in 2015. A lot of teamwork has gone into implementing these conservation practices.” Over the years, a variety of partners have contributed to additions to the original system.

Riparian Restoration In addition to developing off stream water, Brenda and CONTINUED ON PAGE A22

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A22

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Conservation and Innovation: Reseeding a ranching legacy CONTINUED FROM PAGE A20

her family have focused on improving riparian function and addressing degraded riparian areas on the ranch. In partnership BLM, Winnett ACES, WWF and PF, beaver mimicry and Low-Tech Process Based Restoration has been implemented on riparian areas managed by the Bradys. While

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• Other essential nutrients target at each specific crop, ie. Boron for cell wall strength; Manganese for efficient photosynthesis.

• Second chance for a starter fertilizer • Formulations are targeted at early season root growth (more root = more efficient moisture and nutrient uptake).

• Proactive way of managing the crops nutritional requirement.

• Convey Technology helps with early season stresses such as cool soils, excess moisture, and drought. Also improves nutrient use efficiency.

• Speeds up recovery from herbicide hangover - the correct supply of nutrients helps the crop metabolize the herbicide more quickly.

• Contains novel Phosphorus nutrition, providing increased nutrient uptake and movement within the plant.

• Targeted at the reproductive phse of the plant.

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these structures are meant to mimic beaver activity, beavers often capitalize on the opportunity to move back in and add to these man-made structures.

Beaver dam analogs (BDAs) have a remarkable impact on riparian areas, mimicking natural beaver dams, they create wetland habitat, support diverse wildlife and raise the water table. “We’re restoring water to the landscape,” Lucas explains. “This improves habitat and creates a more stable and resilient riparian area. We’re seeing an increased forage base, flows that extend later into the year and establishment of woody plant species. There is also reduced flood risk for downstream neighbors.”

Overcoming Challenges Ranching is not without its challenges. Extreme weather conditions in Montana test resilience, but the family’s innovative approach to land management has paid off. Jim notes, “It’s an investment being a rancher. When you’re in an area where the weather is as extreme as it is here, it can cost you.”

The NRCS partnership has been instrumental in overcoming many of these challenges. Jim started working with the agency as far back as 1978 and has since seen NRCS expand its offerings. “They’re very helpful and good people who understand what we’re trying to do.”

Speaking of the Bradys’ conservation projects, Lucas explains, “It’s a process you need to do in phases and over multiple years. First comes the seeding, then the water and then the fence. If a seeding fails, the entire process can be set back a year and cost a producer many thousands of dollars.

This system approach must be carefully planned out and it must be the producer’s vision.”

Lucas adds, “The Bradys’ ability to adapt and implement these conservation practices despite the harsh conditions demonstrates their dedication and vision. There success serves as an example for other ranchers in the region.”

The Future of Brady Ranch Looking ahead, Brenda and her family are committed to continuing the sustainable practices that have revitalized their ranch. The improvements to the land have not only benefited their cattle operation but also supported local wildlife, including sage grouse and other species. “Certainly, it’s going to help the wildlife. I want to be a good conservationist and a good rancher. To be able to come and look at this—to me it’s very satisfying,” Jim expresses.

Brenda echoes her father’s sentiment, emphasizing the broader impact of their efforts. “It’s benefiting the wildlife but it’s also improving—we live downstream from here and so it’s improving all the way along that waterway.”

From an NRCS perspective, Ahlgren shares, “The Bradys have shown with commitment, partnerships, and the right support, it is possible to achieve a sustainable ranching operation out here.”

Because of this, the Bradys have been able to underscore, through their actions, the importance of conservation land management paired with innovation.

“The change in the land is the biggest deal to me,” Jim says looking toward his cottonwood and willow trees. “I want us to leave things in better condition than when we found it.”

Like her father, Brenda enjoys certain aspects of the land, having grown up and spent most of her life there. “One of my favorite things is the drive home and coming over the hill and seeing my grandparents’ house which now my home.

Especially this time of year (June) because it’s so green. I also really enjoy just being out in the grass and admiring the landscape.”

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A23

GREYN FERTILIZER

Choteau - Larry Greyn - 406-466-5356 Brian Carlson - 406-220-1705

2018 John Deere F4365 with AB485 twin bin air system, 70-ft. booms, Gen 4 Integrated Display, tarp, Lincoln lube system, LED field lights, 2724 hours.................. $199,500

2018 Case Titan 4540, 2745 hours, FLX 810 triple bin, 70-ft. boom, Viper 4 controller, Auto steer, roll tarp................ $160,000

2020 Case IH Titan 4540 810 Flex air, 70-ft. boom, electric roll tarp, Viper 4, Auto Steer, 2511 hours............................. $189,500

2017 TerraGator TG8400B AirMax Precision, 70-ft. boom, single product, roll tarp, Viper 4, autosteer, 3245 hours...........$126,000

2012 TerraGator 9300 Cat C13 Terrashift, AirMax Precision 2, Auto Steer 70-ft. boom, Viper Pro, 4302 hours.............. $77,000

2013 Wilson PaceSetter aluminum hopper bottom grain trailer, triple axle, air ride suspension, electric roll over tarp, 50-ft. trailer, low hoppers.......................$36,000

2003 Freightliner Columbia day cab, twin screw, 10 speed, 12.7L Detroit Series 60 diesel, 430 hp, odometer reads 629,746 but doesn’t work...................... $12,000

We have been your locally owned full service fertilizer dealer for over 35 years!! Thank you for your support. Three locations to serve you:

Dutton - Brad Greyn - 406-476-3402

2020 RBR Venturi 400, Case IH Flex Air 810 triple bin, 70ft. boom, Raven Viper 4, adjustable axles, 4 wheel steer, 4 wheel drive, electric roll tarp, 1890 hours............ $249,500

2014 TerraGator 8400 Air Max Precision 2, 70-ft. boom, roll tarp, micro ingredient bins, Viper Pro, auto steer, 3500 hours.... $98,500

2015 Case IH 4030, CNH diesel engine, Allison automatic transmission, New Leader L4000G4 spinner bed, belt over chain, multi applicator insert, Viper 4 controller, Smartrax auto steer.$134,500

2014 TerraGator TG8400 AirMax Precision 2, 70-ft. booms, granular coap bins, roll-tarp, Viper Pro, auto steer, air ride cab, 3345 hours.....................$98,500

2014 Case IH Titan 4530 810 Flex Air, 70-ft. boom, triple bin, roll tarp, Viper 4, Smartrax, 4125 hours............................ $102,500 2015 Case 4530, 2384 hours...... ..................................... $135,000

Valier - Matt Haines - 406-279-3255

2017 John Deere 4038 sprayer, 120-ft. booms, 3244 hours...................................................................$154,000

2013 Case IH 4530 floater, CNH diesel, Allison automatic, Case IH 810 Flex Air dry system, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, triple bin, electric roll tarp, Viper Pro, light bar, 3512 hours............ $108,000

2012 John Deere 4940, 1200 gallon, 120-ft. boom, Vogelsang A17387 front fill, 710/70R42 flotation tires, 4421 hours.......$99,500

2017 John Deere F4365 HiCapacity Nutrient Applicator, 3435 hours, AutoTrac guidance, Starfire 600 receiver, DN495 MultiApplier......................... $162,000

2016 Case IH Titan 3540 3 wheel, 810 air delivery box, Viper 4, Agri-Cover roll tarp, 1512 hours............................ $158,000

2016 RBR Venturi 350, Cummins 350 hp diesel engine, air ride chassis, 810 3 bin, 70-ft. boom, roll tarp, Viper 4 monitor, SmarTrax, 4593 hours.... $99,500

2017 RBR Venturi 350 Pre DEF, 4x4, air ride chassis, Case IH 810 3 bin, 70-ft. boom, roll tarp, Viper 4 monitor, SmarTrax, foot or hand throttle control. 3060 hrs.$142,500

2015 RBR Venturi 350, 3302 hours, Case 810 70-ft. air boom, triple bin, 4x4, Viper 4, Auto Steer............................. $132,500 2017 RBR Venturi 350 Cummins diesel engine, Allison automatic transmission, Case IH 810 Flex Air dry air flow system, triple bin, 70-ft. boom, Raven Viper IV, 1890 hours................... $147,500

2019 TerraGator TG8400C, 3446 hours, Viper 4, AirMax Precision 2 bed. 70-ft. booms, Micro bin with yellow & white rollers, electric roll tarp............. $168,500

1986 Grove 50’ ton capacity, 39ft. Minimum boom length, 96-ft.

Maximum boom length, Deutz lower and upper engines, manual transmission, 8x6, carrier heater, upper heater load block, Load Moment Indicator, 6 spare tires... ....................................... $42,000

1996 Freightliner with 24 Ton Willmar Side Shooter, Detroit, 10 speed, long auger, roll tarp, 544,000 miles................. $38,500

2018 Case IH Trident 5550 120ft. boom, front fill, cab camera, Viper 4, 3767 hours...... $122,000

2015 TerraGator 8400B, 3222 hours, Viper Pro, New Leader L4000G4 MultApplier dry box...... ..................................... $125,000

2019 TerraGator TG8400C 2648 hours, diesel engine, CVT transmission, Viper 4 monitor, auto steer, Airmax Precision 2 bed, 70-ft stainless steel booms, Micro bin, auto greaser, electric roll tarp............................... $178,000

Hyundai HL730-9A wheel loader, EROPS, Cummins, 8-ft. bucket, 2.5 cubic yard, 17.5R25 tires, operating weight 23,500 lbs, rear view camera, 5684 hours..$67,000

1999 Deere 544H Quick attach bucket, joystick controls, enclosed cab, hour meter reads 1549 hours. The loader is believed to have 6500 hours.............. $52,500

2016 RoGator 1300B sprayer, hydro-static transmission, 1300 gallon stainless steel tank, 120ft. boom, 20” spacing, 650/65R42 tires, fenders, Viper 4 monitor, 3143 hours....................$112,000

1984 Ford LTL9000 grain truck, Cat 3406 diesel engine, manual transmission, tandem axle, full screw, air tag axle, spring suspension, Knapheide grain box (S/N 800602), Series PXT, length 185A, new clutch............ $24,000

2004 Peterbilt 330, 8.3L Cummins, Allison automatic transmission, Simonsen twin spinner speader, Raven controller, 4823 hours..$74,000

2011 Merritt MVT 38.5-ft. tender trailer, rear hydraulic discharge conveyor, under hopper conveyor, outer controls, electric roll over tarp, side windows, tandem axle, spring suspension..$35,000

2012 B-B pintle hitch sprayer trailer, tandem axle dual wheeled, air brakes, manual outriggers, rear fold down ramps, winch boxes.................................... $15,500 1969 Lubbock NH3 transport trailer, 10,400 gallons, Blackmer pump.

5 to choose from.......$45,000 each

www.fertilizerequipment.net

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A24

If you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch, and have found what you were looking for, please tell an advertiser.

SKID LOADER FOR SALE

2007 Cat 257B skid loader, hours unknown as hour meter not working, cab machine, everything works as should. Asking....................................... $21,500 obo Contact Joe at (406) 320-2510 for information Located in Lavina, Montana

Recipe Patch by Geri Pizza Lasagna

9 ounces oven-ready lasagna noodles (about 15 sheets) 1 (48-ounce) jar marinara sauce (about 6 cups) 1 1/2 pounds low-moisture mozzarella, shredded (about 5 cups) 5 ounces sliced pepperoni, preferably small diameter Preheat the oven to 375°F and position the rack in the center. In a 9x13-inch baking dish, add 3/4 cup of marinara sauce and spread it with a spoon as the base. For the first layer, add 3 sheets of the lasagna noodles. Add another 3/4 cup of the marinara sauce and spread. Sprinkle 1 cup of the mozzarella over the sauce, then top with 1 ounce of the pepperoni. Repeat the steps for the next four layers. Cover the baking dish with foil and bake for 25 minutes. Remove the foil and bake uncovered for 5 minutes. Let it cool for 15 minutes.

Pork Chops in Pineapple-Soy Sauce

6 boneless pork loin chops (5 ounces each) 1/2 tsp salt 1/2 tsp pepper 3 Tbsp olive oil 2 shallots, minced 1 cup pineapple preserves 1/4 cup soy sauce 1 Tbsp Dijon mustard 1 bunch green onions, thinly sliced Season pork chops with salt and pepper. In a large nonstick skillet, heat olive oil over medium heat. Cook pork chops until a thermometer reads 145°, 6-8 minutes on each side; remove from pan, reserving drippings. In same pan, sauté shallots in drippings until lightly browned. Whisk together pineapple preserves, soy sauce and Dijon; add to pan. Bring to a boil. Reduce heat; simmer, until thickened slightly, about 5 minutes. Add chops back to pan, turning to coat. Sprinkle with sliced green onions.

Lemon Scampi

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1 pound uncooked shrimp (26-30 per pound) 8 ounces uncooked multigrain angel hair pasta 1 tablespoon butter 1 tablespoon olive oil 2 green onions, thinly sliced 4 garlic cloves, minced 1/2 cup reduced-sodium chicken broth 2 tsp grated lemon zest 3 Tbsp lemon juice 1/2 tsp freshly ground pepper 1/4 tsp salt 1/4 tsp crushed red pepper flakes 1/4 cup minced fresh parsley Grated Parmesan cheese Peel and de-vein shrimp, removing tails. Cut each shrimp lengthwise in half. Cook pasta according to package directions. In a large nonstick skillet, heat butter and oil over medium-high heat. Add shrimp, green onions and garlic; cook and stir until shrimp turn pink, 2-3 minutes. Remove from pan with a slotted spoon. Add broth, lemon zest, lemon juice, pepper, salt and red pepper flakes to same pan. Bring to a boil; cook until liquid is slightly reduced, about 1 minute. Return shrimp to pan; heat through. Remove from heat.

Drain pasta; divide among 4 bowls. Top with shrimp mixture; sprinkle with parsley. If desired, serve with cheese.

All in One Pierogi Skillet

1 tablespoon vegetable oil 1 pound ground beef 1 (16-ounce) package frozen potato pierogis, thawed 1 (10-ounce) package frozen broccoli florets, thawed 1/2 teaspoon salt 1/4 teaspoon black pepper 1 cup (4 ounces) shredded Cheddar cheese In a large skillet, heat oil over medium-high heat, and brown beef 5 minutes, stirring frequent-ly. Add pierogi and cook 4 to 5 minutes, or until heated through. Add pierogi and cook 4 to 5 minutes, or until heated through. Stir in broccoli, salt, and pepper, then top with cheese.

Reduce heat to low, cover, and cook an additional 4 to 5 minutes, or until cheese melts and broccoli is warmed through.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A25

Skidsteer Snow Buckets

AG & STEEL SUPPLY

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100-1,000-gal Good Used Fuel Tanks

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Portable Loading Chute 10 FREE Brace Rails w/ Purchase

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less hay! Single/Double/Triple bale op`ons available

Mineral Feeder

13-b

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Rubber Tire Water Tank

Pipe Caps in various sizes

2-7/8” x 6-B 2-7/8” x 8-B 2-7/8” x 10-B 5-in galvanized octagon 9’9” posts

10-B bow gates $360 12-B bow gates $417 Corral Gates: 6-bar 8-B $195 10-B $220 12-B $240 14-B $260 16-B $280

ATTACHMENTS

Pipe can be cut to length.

ConDnuous Fence

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6-rail 1.25” 14-ga 20-B long 6-rail 1.66” 14-ga 20-B long

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9.5-B brace rail with hardware $42 | Wire gate latches for 2-7/8 posts $24

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1”x1.5” rectangular tubing | 13ga | 7-rail | 130-lb | 68” tall x 10’8” long | chain latch | $210

SuperSteel / Steel Decking

36”x24’ 22-ga Prime galvanized SuperSteel | Great for windbreaks, corrals, etc.

Knipex Tools

Various sizes up to 200,000-lb breaking strength

BATTERIES - Stocking 1/2-Ton

Pickup thru Heavy Equipment BaYeries

Powder-actuated tool! Gun will shoot nails into 2-7/8 drill stem. Great for pubng up steel Gopher Bait & Mouse Poison + Bait Boxes windbreak!

BOLTS Grade 5 & Grade 8 | Metric bolt assortment with 72-hole bin

Heavy Duty Cable 1-3/8”

Tow Ropes

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Shipping Used as structural Container: framework in buildings 40-B High due to its lightweight Cube Used and economical proper`es

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CALL US FOR ALL YOUR STEEL NEEDS! Pipe, Tubing (Round and Square) & Angle Iron

Round Tubing 1.25” 14-ga 1.66” 14-ga 5-in Galvanized Octagon Tubing 39-B lengths

Rectangular Tubing 0.75x1.25x11 ga 20-B lengths

POSTS

Constructed with 12 & 14-ga 1.66 OD tubing

Portable Panels Constructed with 12 & 14-ga 1.66” OD tubing 10-B heavy portable panels, 12-B standard portable panels (will latch to Winkel panels)

Shipping Containers

Fork Mount: $3,050 Center Mount: $3,750 Side Mount: $4,650

GATES

Feedbunks 20-B x 38-in x 12-in | constructed with 1—ga & heavy tube legs | Other sizes and boYomless available

Secondary Square Tubing – Various sizes available

Classic

Portable Panel Trailer $2,780

Heavy-Duty Hay feeders – Designed to waste

POST DRIVERS Redi Driver

Montana Post Driver

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Fiberglass Sucker Rod 1.25” | 37-ft Skidsteer Plates: $198 Bale Spears: $110 2”X27’ Ratchet Strap: $16 5/16” Grade 70 Transport Chain: 20’ $47 3/8” Grade 70 Transport Chain: 20’ $63 Lever Chain Binders 5/16-3/8”:$32 Ratchet Chain Binders 5/16-3/8”: $44 ESAB Wire Flux Core .045 CS 15 33#: $248 Steel Work Bench 6-b $395

Semi load quanDDes of used 2-3/8, 2-7/8 and 3.5” pipe available!

*Prices Subject to Change

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A26

Wagyu/Akaushi BULLS FOR SALE

Yearling and 2-year olds Phone (406) 860-7085, Broadus, MT

What digital tools are used in Nebraska?

By Guillermo Balboa - Nutrient Management and Digital Agriculture, Joe Luck - Extension Precision Agriculture Engineer, Dirk Charlson - Statewide Digital Ag Extension Educator, Pablo Paccioretti - Post doctoral associate

MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS FOR SALE 1994 GMC Sierra 3500 4x4 service truck, dually, 5 speed manual transmission, 454 V8 gas engine, regular cab, 265,558 miles. “Auto Crane” electric over hydraulic, service/utility box.

Good truck....................... $8000 Homemade irrigation pipe trailer............................... $1000 Ford 117 8-ft. 3-point cultivator................................... $750 Miscellaneous irrigation pipe, 6” mainline and 4” handline.

Call for more information.

1953 Chrysler Custom Imperial 4-door sedan, SN 7770935, 331 Hemi engine. Good restoration project or for parts.................................................................. $2500 1950 Studebaker truck, 1.5 ton with dump, Model 2R16A. SN 29217............................................................... $5000 1979 John Deere Spitfire snowmobile 339cc.......... $1200 1965 Wilson Grain Pup skid steer........................... $3500 Phone (406) 539-2306

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This image depicts a 2024 corn yield map generated with a yield monitor close to Columbus, Nebraska.

Greener colors show higher productivity while red colors show lower productivity. Yield maps are one of the most adopted technologies in Nebraska. Farmers can use this data to improve their practices within field management.

Digital agriculture (DA) can be defined as the use of new technologies, combining multiple data sources and advanced analytical methods integrating systems that allows farmers and stakeholders of the agricultural value chain to improve food production system. Benchmarking the status of digital agriculture in Nebraska is critical to guide the research and extension efforts of the Nebraska Digital Agriculture Team.

This CropWatch article is part two of the digital agriculture series (DA), “How Digital is Agriculture in Nebraska?” If you missed our first article, Ten Facts about Nebraska Digital Ag, we encourage you to read it first, as it discusses the basis of this series. For this study, 2,500 surveys were sent in paper and digital format to Nebraska farmers, and 332 responded. The number of surveys per county was weighted, accounting for the number of farms within each county. The number of responses per county is shown in Figure 1 of the first article. The Ten Facts about Nebraska Digital Ag Flyer summarizes our survey.

In this second article, we focus on what digital tools Nebraska farmers know and what tools they use in their operations.

Farmers were asked about 33 technologies that are listed in Figure 2. The survey shows that most of the technologies listed are known by at least 40% of the farmers.

The top 10 DA technologies adopted by Nebraska farmers are: Phone Apps GPS Yield Monitor Soil Grid Sampling Autosteer Yield Maps Variable Rate Fertilizer Weather Station Satellite Imagery Variable Seeding Rates The top 10 DA technologies with less adoption by Nebraska farmers (Figure 2) are: Robotics Lora Network Blockchain Virtual Fencing Automatic Feeding Big Data Livestock Remote Monitoring AI Decision-making Crop Models Automation

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One Piece Aluminum Roof, Full Width Center Gate with Double Swing Latch on 14-ft. of Rolling Gate Rail to Start @ Drop - Rail Settings every 12”, 11-ft. Compartment with Full Width Center Partition and Outside Release Slam Latch, Dome lights, Slatted Solid Full Width with Half Slider Rear Door and Rear Gate Safety Slam Latch, Full Width Drop Partition, Tread Floor Plate, Skid Plate under Rear of Trailer, G.V.W.R. (kg) - 11768 KG

2025 4-Star 24-ft. x 7-ft.

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Fold Down Nose Access Door, Full Width Drop Partition, (2) Interior Gates, (3) 8-ft. Compartments, 52” Clear Slatted Solid Side Door with Reinforcement and Butterfly Latch, Slatted Solid Full Width with Half Slider Rear Door and Rear Gate Safety Slam Latch, (2) 7000lb Torsion Axles, Single side Wall Construction with 2 Air Cracks, Tread Plate Floor, Skid Plate under Rear of Trailer, G.V.W.R. (kg) - 7664 KG

Figure 1. Number of survey responses by county in Nebraska. A total of 2,500 surveys were sent, accounting for the number of farms per county. All counties were represented.

Reviewing the list of technologies in the bottom part of Figure 2, most of them are preci-

sion agriculture (PA) technologies that have been for around 25 years. Because of this, precision agriculture is one of the most important branches of digital agriculture. But DA includes IoT (Internet of Things), the use of digital boards, big data analysis, and blockchain, among others. We can observe in Figure 2 that all these technologies have less adoption in Nebraska, although farmers are aware of them.

Technologies related to livestock, cattle

and dairy production like virtual fencing, automatic feeding and livestock remote monitoring are relatively know by farmers, but the level of adoption remains low (less than 10%).

In the next CropWatch article for the series “How Digital is Agriculture in Nebraska?”, we will present the barriers identified in our survey that prevent farmers, agronomists and crop consultants from increasing their adoption of DA technologies.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A27

What digital tools are used in Nebraska?

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A27

Say you saw it in the Trader’s Dispatch

CONTINUED FROM PAGE A26

202 North Central Avenue, Cut Bank, MT 59427 (406) 873-2984 l hilinecomm@gmail.com

Figure 2. Percentage of digital agriculture technologies that Nebraska farmers know (blue bars) and that farmers use (green bars) in Nebraska. The vertical dotted red line indicates a threshold where the technology can be considered adopted (more than 50% use).

Drought and soil management The North Platte Natural Resources District (NRD) is committed to keeping residents informed about ongoing drought conditions and soil conservation efforts in our region. The District is experiencing a D2, Severe Drought, with the potential to escalate to D3, Extreme Drought, if dry conditions persist. We encourage all stakeholders, including farmers, ranchers, and residents, to stay updated and implement water conservation strategies to help mitigate drought impacts.

In addition to monitoring drought conditions, the North Platte NRD engages with the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) in applying the Nebraska NRCS Soil-loss Tolerance model, which calculates the maximum allowable soil loss due to erosion by wind or water. If soil losses are above the tolerance threshold, further action may be taken to ensure soil loss is returned to an acceptable level. The regulations, established under the Erosion and Sediment Control Act, are designed to protect highly erodible lands from excessive farming activities that could degrade soil quality. By working closely with landowners, we implement conservation practices that maintain soil loss within acceptable limits, ensuring the long-term health and sustainability of our region’s agricultural resources.

For more information on the North Platte NRD Drought Plan and the Erosion and Sediment Control Act Rules and Regulations visit www.npnrd. org or contact our office at 308632-2749.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A28

PICKUP AND TRACTORS FOR SALE 2001 Dodge 3/4-ton, Cummins diesel, 6 speed, manual transmission, 260,000 miles. New condition.

Phone Bill at (208) 651-8698

Phone calls only, NO TEXT

Are seed oils good or bad for health?

2) John Deere 6400 4WD tractor with self-leveling loaders, approximately 70-100% rubber. Nice rubber. 11,000 to 12,500 hours (don’t be afraid of the high hours). Start right up.

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at Jamieson Motors in Chinook, Montana Last of the new 2024 Ram heavy duty 4x4’s Crew cab Tradesman long box, Cummins, single rear wheels,

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By Julie Garden-Robinson, NDSU Extension food and nutrition “I think we need to toss the oil that is stored in the cupboard,” I said to my intern.

She agreed to do the “sniff test” on the variety of oils.

She reported several of the bottles had a crayon-like aroma, a hallmark of rancidity or spoilage.

She also checked the best-if-used-by dates. Some of the oils were within their storage life, but their odor – a sign of rancidity – was… off. The bottles were in a dark place, but the room was kind of warm. Warm storage can promote rancidity, as can light and oxygen exposure.

Lately, some information widely shared on social media, such as TikTok and Facebook, has tried to sway opinions on seed oils, even if they are freshly purchased.

First, don’t believe everything you see on social media.

Some of that content would make you think seed oils will reach out of the bottle and grab you by the neck.

In reality, some social media posts about seed oils causing inflammation and health issues are not fully backed up by published nutrition research. Seed oils, which include corn, soy, canola, sesame, sunflower, safflower, grapeseed and rice bran, are the types of oils we in nutrition have recommended for years.

Remember that influencers are paid based on the clicks on their content. If influencers make exceptionally provocative or scary posts, social media users are more likely to pause and read the content. Then they get deposits in their bank accounts.

When it comes to seed oils, what should a savvy consumer believe?

Let’s go back in time a bit. Oil is the name for liquid fat.

Soybean oil originated thousands of years ago in Asian countries such as China and Japan. Olive oil production began about 1,000 years after soybean oil.

Oils have been used widely for many years, and then hydrogenation was invented to extend their shelf life. That process allowed the food industry to convert liquid vegetable oil to solid fat, such as the white shortening sold in cans in the grocery store.

Through research, scientists could see that changing oils from liquid to solid caused the formation of trans fat, which can raise our “bad” cholesterol and lower our “good” cholesterol.

The Dietary Guidelines and the American Heart Association recommend that we reduce our intake of saturated fat and trans fat and focus on unsaturated fat.

To understand all these terms, we have to think a bit about chemistry.

“Saturated” refers to the chemical structure of the building blocks of fat called fatty acids. If the fat is saturated, each of the carbon atoms that make up fat has a hydrogen atom attached. Saturated fat tends to be solid at room temperature.

“Unsaturated” means that the fatty acids have some double bonds in the chain of carbon atoms, so the fat is more “bendy” and flows. Unsaturated fat is liquid at room temperature.

Oils are made up of saturated and unsaturated fats. Some oils, such as olive, canola, peanut and sesame, are more “monounsaturated” (having one double bond). Other oils, such as soybean, sunflower and corn, are higher in “polyunsaturated” (having two or more double bonds) fat.

To add even more complexity, some oils are primarily made up of “omega-3” fats and others are “omega-6” fats.

“Omega” refers to the position of the double bond from the end of the carbon chain. Omega-3 fats get a gold star for promoting health and are found in fatty fish, nuts and seeds, including soybeans.

Can we boil this chemistry down to something we can apply at home?

Use a variety of oils in moderation. Some oils have a distinct flavor, while others are neutral.

Do not be afraid of seed oils. These oils are widely recommended by leading health organizations as being good for our health.

Consider using plant oils in place of butter. According to a 2025 publication from Harvard University, substituting plant oils (canola, soy, olive) for butter can reduce the risk of disease, and consuming plant oils is linked with a 16% decrease in mortality.

Consume fewer ultraprocessed foods, such as many commercial snack foods and deep-fried foods. Look for foods with a shorter ingredient list.

Try to cook from scratch more often, starting with basic ingredients.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A29

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A29

Are seed oils good or bad for health?

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Moderate your fat intake from all sources. Instead of frying in any kind of oil, consider roasting or grilling.

Keep tabs on the freshness of the oils in your cupboard.

Find a cool, dark place to store them. If the oil becomes rancid before you use it, consider purchasing a smaller bottle next time.

Homemade Poppyseed Salad Dressing 2 tablespoons honey 2 tablespoons white vinegar 1 tablespoon yellow mustard 2 tablespoons finely chopped onions 2 teaspoon poppy seeds ¼ teaspoon salt ⅓ cup canola oil, sunflower oil, vegetable oil, olive oil or your favorite oil In a tightly covered container, shake all dressing ingredients. Toss dressing with salad ingredients, such as lettuce, spinach and sliced fruit such as strawberries or seedless grapes.

Death Customs

In modern Japan, bodies are washed in a Buddhist temple, dressed (men in suits, women in kimonos), and put in a casket with a white kimono, sandals, and six coins, all for the spirit’s crossing into the afterlife. After a funeral, the body is cremated. Relative pick bones out of the ash, put them in an urn, and bury it.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A30

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Predator problems?

A control guide for livestock producers

By Jacob Klaudt, K-State Research and Extension news service Based on 2020 market values, predators cause approximately $4 million in losses annually to Kansas cattle producers. Likewise, they financially burden the state’s small ruminant operations to the tune of about $750,000 per year.

To mitigate the economic impact and other effects of predation, Kansas State University wildlife specialist Drew Ricketts said producers have various non-lethal control methods available to keep livestock safe.

“The number of coyotes around or removed doesn’t tend to be directly associated with how many losses a producer has,” he said. “So, if you’re not having problems with predators, then hunting or trapping shouldn’t be a chore for you, and trying to lower coyote populations to prevent future predation isn’t an efficient thing to do.”

Dead livestock commonly attracts predators. Thus, Ricketts recommends proper disposal of carcasses away from calving, lambing or kidding areas to lower the risk of a predator attack, noting that young livestock become especially vulnerable.

“All wild predators in Kansas are mainly scavenging when feeding on large food items like livestock,” he said. “If we have dead livestock near those areas, then we are exposing ourselves to more predation by attracting predators to a food source, so composting and hauling off dead animals are crucial and often overlooked.”

Coyotes are the main predators of livestock in Kansas. Yet, Ricketts said domestic dogs account for a sizeable portion of predation incidents as well. To keep both kinds at bay, producers can strategically fence locations to keep dogs and coyotes away from livestock.

“I suggest woven wire fences with 4-inch by 4-inch squares,” Ricketts said. “If you’ve got 12-inch-wide openings six inches tall, coyotes can squeeze right through those fences. Also, there are some excellent designs for electrified fencing.”

He added: “However, coyotes and other predators can climb over a fence, so if you’re trying to achieve 100% exclusion, we want to have a hot wire on top or have a tall enough fence.”

According to Ricketts, predators may also try to expose a fence’s weakness by digging under it, which actually presents an opportunity to catch them.

“Digging under is likely going to happen, but we can use those crawl-under spots to apprehend them before they cause damage,” he said. “So, don’t plug those holes, call me or your local extension office, and I’ll come out and show you how to target and trap those coyotes causing problems.”

Beyond carcass disposal and fencing, producers may choose to practice night penning or securing their livestock in a barn or other structure during night hours.

“Coyotes usually hunt right around sunrise, sunset and through the nighttime,” Ricketts said. “Accordingly, this is one of the most effective ways to exclude predation – especially for small ruminant producers.”

Guardian animals can also keep livestock out of harm’s way. Ricketts said the kind of guardian “depends on the best fit for your operation.” Species often used as guardians include: Llamas.

Donkeys.

Dogs.

Due to their status as a migratory bird, non-lethal control strategies remain the most common option for black vultures, which can be seen in the far southeast corner of the state.

“You’re going to have to haze them,” Ricketts said. “Deterring them includes a combination of using pyrotechnics, noise-making devices and hanging fake, dead vultures – called effigies – near roosting sites to exclude those birds.”

Lethal predator management and safety While non-lethal predator management can be an efficient use of time and resources for producers, some scenarios call for lethal predator control, said Kansas State University wildlife specialist Drew Ricketts, noting that hunting and trapping make up the two main strategies.

“We can shoot coyotes when we’re out checking livestock, but by and large most coyote problems that require lethal control are taken care of by trapping and snaring,” he said.

“Both methods are a lost art, so I teach producers how to do both effectively.”

CONTINUED ON PAGE A31

Predator problems?

A control guide for livestock producers CONTINUED FROM PAGE A30

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A31

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Ricketts offers this service as part of his extension program and provides proper equipment to producers looking to trap or snare problem animals. Concerned livestock owners can find contact information for Ricketts online at K-State Acciacca Agriculture Phone Brad - (406) 799-2042 Extension Wildlife Management. or Tom - (406) 799-8323 Fairfield, MT “The thing to remember is those traps and snares are out there working 100% of the time, so you have to check them once a day,” he said. “Any sort of shooting or calling of predators requires you to be present, so we can also make comfort and DUST HELMET  Excellent better use of time with the traps and snares.” protection for cleaning Hunting predators using calls proves to be a safe and combines, grain bins selective method of removing wildlife that cause issues.

“You’re seeing the animal when it is alive and making a Positive air pressure  decision about whether to dispatch it or not,” Ricketts said. prevents fogging “You also have the opportunity to see what’s behind the ani rechargeable blower mal and follow all the appropriate steps for firearm safety to make sure you’re not going to shoot an unintended animal Filters for dust and vapor  or other resource by accident.”

When a suspected predation occurs, Ricketts said producers should observe all aspects of the scene first, then look for lethal wounds and document the carcass with pictures.

If possible, Ricketts encourages taking pictures prior to (701) 794-8841 Center, ND moving a carcass, and ensuring they show the posture of www.crownagro.com leonard@crownagro.com the animal, any blood on soil or vegetation and the general scene where the event occurred. Any potential predator attack can be reported to Ricketts at 785-532-1949 or arickett@ksu.edu.

“Oftentimes, we see an animal that’s been chewed into through the abdomen or rectum, and this can be a sign of predation or scavenging, so it is important to look around the head and neck for lethal wounds,” he said. “Take pictures of any scat, or tracks and note if the animal has been covered up before you move it because all of those factors are important when I investigate what happened.”

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A32

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Roughage use in finishing cattle diets

By Warren Rusche, Assistant Professor & SDSU Extension Feedlot Management Specialist Key Points Roughage serves as a functional ingredient in finishing cattle diets, with key roles in supporting rumen health.

Conventional wisdom assumes that roughage incorporation should be no greater than necessary for rumen health (less than 10% of diet dry matter) to maximize feed efficiency.

Greater incorporation of roughage may reduce risk of digestive upset and simplify management with minimal efficiency losses.

Role of Roughage in Feedlot Diets Roughage plays a critical role in digestion and metabolism of dietary nutrients. One key function is the promotion of rumination and regurgitation, which results in greater saliva production and increased ability to buffer acid in the rumen.

In addition, longer particles of roughage serve to support rumen wall health and to regulate feed intake.

For these reasons, a minimum amount of roughage is considered critically important in high-starch finishing cattle diets to reduce risk of digestive upsets and optimize net energy intake by cattle. According to the most-recent survey data, the most common roughage incorporation in North America for finishing cattle diets is between 8 to 10 percent of diet dry matter.

Nutritionists typically limit roughage incorporation in finishing diets because those ingredients are less digestible (and thus lower in energy) compared to grain and biofuels co-products. Increasing the amount of roughage reduces net energy concentration of the diet, and consequently reduces predicted daily gain. Roughage also costs more per unit of energy compared to concentrates in most cases, so it is no surprise that roughage incorporation is limited to the minimum necessary for rumen health.

Building a Case for Greater Roughage incorporation However, a one-size-fits-all recommendation often misses opportunities to improve results. Feeding a slightly reduced energy density diet by including more roughage may not be as detrimental to cattle performance as often believed. In some instances, increasing the amount of roughage incorporation increases net profit.

Reduced risk of digestive upset and improved gut health are the likely drivers behind these responses. Lower roughage diets should improve gains and feed efficiency, at least in theory. However, to capture that potential performance, every aspect of feeding management must be nearly ideal.

Any deviations in mixing procedures, amount of feed offered, or timing of feed delivery or intake increases the likelihood of off-feed events.

Unfortunately, circumstances are rarely perfect in production systems. Equipment failure and workload conflicts may interfere with management plans. Weather events, such as blizzard conditions in the winter or heat waves in the summer, disrupt feeding behavior and increase the odds of erratic feed intake.

In those circumstances, feeding a few extra percentage points of roughage may reduce risk. In SDSU research trials evaluating silage incorporation in finishing cattle diets, doubling the amount of corn silage fed was less detrimental to output than expected. We think that one reason for that response is maintaining consistency in feed intake, especially as cattle near the end of the feeding period.

Increased roughage reduces risk caused by feed intake disturbances, whether caused by weather or delivery disruptions. For instance, winter snowstorms often cause delays in getting cattle fed. In addition, cattle alter feeding patterns during weather events, such as blizzards or heat waves. If cattle must wait for feed, a typical response would be for them to consume their diet aggressively, opening the door for digestive upsets. Feeding less starch (by increasing fiber from roughage) reduces that risk.

Cattle feeders who raise their own feed are in a great position to use roughage sources produced on-farm to their advantage. Marketing feeds, such as silage or crop residue, through cattle can increase net farm income. Increasing silage incorporation in SDSU studies resulted in greater beef production per acre of cropland compared to lower roughage diets.

Choosing a production plan that does not target maximum performance may seem contradictory to commonly accepted practice. However, building in a safety measure in the form of added roughage might improve efficiency when measured across an entire system.

South Dakota FFA members receive State FFA degree

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A33

##### There are 145 liquid lakes (and counting) beneath the Antarctic ice. One, Lake Vostok, is under 2.5miles of ice and is about the size of Lake Ontario. ##### First blood transfusion: June 1667, by Jean-Bastiste Denys, a French doctor, to a 15-year-old boy. (He got lamb’s blood.)

TRUCK FOR SALE

324 South Dakota FFA members will be recognized for receiving their State FFA Degree at the 97th South Dakota State FFA Convention, Friday April 4th, 2024, at 4:00 pm.

Join us in helping them celebrate! You can also watch the convention live at www.sdaged.org, Newscenter1.tv, and ConnectCenter1.tv and KAUN TV stations.

The State Degree is the highest honor the South Dakota 2018 Kenworth T800 500 hp ISX, 18 speed, good rubber.

FFA Association can bestow upon its members. In order to Low miles............................................................ $75,000 achieve the award, members must meet the following rePhone (406) 253-1001 quirements; have received their Chapter FFA Degree, been an FFA member and agricultural education student for at least two years, earned at For ALL Your Seed Cleaning Needs! least $2,000, or worked 600 We are a certified facility offering cleaning and treating of all seed varieties hours in their Supervised Agricultural Experience program, given a six-minute speech about agriculture or FFA, participated in eight SPRING WHEAT SEED different leadership activiJoplin & Rudyard, MT ties, received a “C” average Gunnison WestBred (CSO) or better in high school and Dagmar MSU (PVP) shown a record of outstandBARLEY ing leadership and commuWB 9449 (CSO) Haymaker Hay Barley nity involvement.

As a special project of the Vida (PVP) Metcalfe Malt Barley SD FFA Foundation, South Dakota FFA members will PEAS & LENTILS receive the golden charm of the State Degree, a symbol Call us for Ginny (CSO) of the member’s growth and information 4193 YP (PVP) development, and a framed certificate, thanks to the about Avondale following sponsors: Todd WestBred Treat Options Improving Nature’s Grains and the Wheat design are trademarks of & Barbara Powell; Barry Monsanto Technology, LLC & Jenny Jacobson; The Jacobson Group LLC; West PO Box 167 Plant Phone Brian (406) 450-1248 Central FFA Alumni; ReRudyard, MT 59540 406-355-4333 Ron (406) 390-1220 chelle & Eric Dissing; Dan Streff Family; Sandy Osterday; CharLee Bachman;

Kent Buchholz; Noelle & Andrew Swanson; Kevin & Amber Blagg; Steven Zem406-759-5006 licka; Myles & Mercedes Snedeker; Red River Farm 717 Madison Ave., W. Chester, MT (near Liberty County Airport) Network; Dacotah Diamond Auctions and Equipment; Jeff & Beth Vanderwal; PeWe are We Sell terson Livestock; First PREParts your MAV MIER Bank; Lance Howe; and Chopper Kyle & Jordanne Arbach, Conveyors Dealer Wyatt & Zana DeJong; Dani Herring; Stella Nagel; Olson Family; Dawnwind Dairy Goats; and Wendy Mortenson Agency.

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##### Two really old golfers are on the first tee when the first says to the second, “How is your eyesight?” “For a man of my age, it’s surprisingly good,” says the second man. “Excellent,” says the first man. “Would you mind watching my drive? I love playing golf, but my vision is not what it used to be.” “I’m happy to be helpful,” comes the reply. The first golfer then proceeds to rip his drive and says, “Did you see my drive?” “I sure did,” the second may says with pride.

“So where is it?” The second golfer thinks for a few seconds, then sheepishly responds, “I don’t remember.” ##### “Scatter seeds of Happiness, Hope, Kindness, and Love.”

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A34

The DEADLINE for advertising in May 2025 issue is Wednesday, April 30th

SD ag teachers named finalists for Golden Owl Award ® Educators devote limitless time, and often their own resources, to helping students pursue their passions. To recognize the contributions of South Dakota’s leading agricultural teachers, the South Dakota FFA Foundation and Nationwide are honoring eight exceptional teachers as finalists for the Golden Owl Award.

From September through December, 2024, nominations were collected for the state’s top agricultural teachers from local students, parents, fellow teachers and community members across South Dakota.

Each finalist was presented with an indi-

vidualized plaque in front of fellow teachers and students and received a $500 check to support future educational efforts.Next, they’ll be entered into a final selection stage for the chance to be crowned as South Dakota’s Ag Educator of the Year, earning an additional $3,000 Nationwidefunded check and the coveted Golden Owl Award trophy. “Our teachers are the foundation of the FFA. They inspire our members every day, providing them encouragement and motivation to try new things. They coordinate early morning practices, dedicate weekends to FFA events, CONTINUED ON PAGE A35

South Dakota 2024-2025 Golden Owl Award finalists are:

SIDE BY SIDE FOR SALE District 1: Sara Colombe, Milbank (pictured with Mercedes Snedeker, SD FFA Advisor and Mallory Olson, from Dacotah Bank)

District 2: Dan Tonak, Willow Lake (pictured with Mallory Olsen from Dacotah Bank & Caroline Hansen, SD FFA Leadership & Program Manager)

2021 CanAm HD10 Defender Limited Fully enclosed cab, heat, a/c, wipers, turn signals, winch, radio. Includes front mount quick attach blade, 5480 miles. Very good condition

$22,500

Phone (406) 450-3647, leave message

District 3: Nathan Knutson, Viborg-Hurley (pictured with Viborg-Hurley FFA Chapter members)

Waugh Tool Western Collectible & Antique

AUCTION

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Broadus Community Western Collectible

AUCTION

April 26, 2025 - 10 am 20 old guns, 150 collectible belt buckles.

Always a fun day of surprises show up.

District 4: Susan Roudabush, Ethan (pictured with Ethan FFA Chapter members)

AUCTION May 3, 2025

Westerra Ranchettes, Bridger, MT

Go to Kuhbacherauction.com or find Kuhbacher Auction Service LLC on facebook for full listing and photos.

Broadus, MT 605-645-3591

District 5: Austin Bishop, Belle Fourche (pictured with Belle Fourche FFA Chapter members

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A35

SD ag teachers named finalists for Golden Owl Award® CONTINUED FROM PAGE A34

Providing farmers and ranchers with the trainings, resources, and support to increase workplace safety in Montana’s agriculture industry.

www.mtagrisafety.com | (406) 850-9978

District 6: Sarah McClure, Gettysburg (pictured with Justin Goering, Key Agency)

District 7: Josh Christiansen, Harrisburg (pictured with Jared Ducommun, MMA)

Protect your legacy. Think safety. Act safely.

Zimmerman Bale Stacking Can stack all big bales 3x4s, 3x3s, 4x4s, and round bales District 8: Reed Johnson, Philip (pictured with Philip FFA Chapter members)

model a passion for serving others, and endlessly help students grow their passion for agriculture.

We are so thankful Nationwide recognizes the valuable work our teachers do and provides this award,” shares Sandy Osterday, SD FFA Foundation Board President.

Nationwide established the Golden Owl Award to honor the contributions of teachers and support their programs with additional resources to assist their continued educational efforts. This year, the award program honors outstanding ag educators in 13 states: California, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Nebraska,

New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and South Dakota.

“As the need grows for more ag educators across the nation, we are proud to thank and honor these hardworking agricultural teachers for their dedication,” said Brad Liggett, president of Agribusiness at Nationwide. “These educators play a crucial role in preparing students for successful careers in the industry.”

In conjunction with the Golden Owl Award, Nationwide is also donating $5,000 to the South Dakota FFA Foundation to further support the personal and professional growth of students, teachers and advisors alike.

Billings, MT 59101 5250 Midland Rd (406) 245-3188

See more units and photos on our website at: www.tste.com

Belgrade, MT 59714 200 Floss Flat Rd. #1 (406) 388-5815

Zimmerman Manure & Silage Hauling • Any job big or small • Loader and skid steer available.

• Vertical beaters for even spreading • Silage pushing

Will also do wheel loader work

Phone (406) 788-9480 or (406) 467-2845 Arnold Zimmerman, 661 4th Rd NE, Fairfield, MT 59436

Great Falls, MT 59404 5024 Tri-Hill Frontage Rd (406) 452-9551

Casper, WY 82604 1271 North Derrick Dr. (307) 472-1818

Rock Springs, WY 1319 Elk Street (307) 362-4000

2025 Ranco LW21-42-3

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2022 Mack MD742-42R

2000 Gallon Water Tank, 1500-5500 Miles 3 Available $99,750

2024 VCE A30G

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2023 VCE EC300EL 2D/AC 270 hours $359,855

2022 Volvo L60H Wheel loader $149,900

2024 Mack MD642

NEW! 300HP, 6 spd Allison, 26-ft. Box with 3500lb Liftgate, 25,995 GVW Price Reduced! $124,520 NOW: $119,519

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A36

Alfalfa Hay For Sale

Dairy Hay • Cow Hay • Feeder Hay • Grinder Hay 3x4 square bales of straight alfalfa.

All stacks are tested and tarped.

Semi load delivery available.

Jason Noyes (406) 949-4851

WANTED TO BUY

Winners of Montana Ag in Color drawing contest announced The Montana Farm Bureau Federation has announced the winners of the Montana Youth Agriculture Literacy program drawing contest. “Montana Ag in Color” was developed in recognition of National Ag Week, March 18-24, as a creative competition for elementary school children. Each grade was given a different agricultural theme ranging from “Grains of Montana” and “Cattle in Montana” to noxious weeds, farm safety and ag-related careers. One winner was selected from each grade with judges selecting one drawing from the win-

ners to receive the “Farm Bureau Proud” designation.

Entries were judged by the Montana Farm Bureau Women’s Leadership Committee on agricultural content, originality, neatness and reproducibility.

“The Women’s Leadership Committee (WLC) had the honor of judging the Montana Youth (MY) Ag Literacy Ag in Color program drawing contest during our WLC training seminar in February. The contest welcomes kindergarten through sixth grade CONTINUED ON PAGE A38

Cessna 172 or 182

Please Call Tyler (406) 781-9712, Great Falls, MT

Kindergarten- Kinsley Weyrauch, Saco Elementary School; Teacher: Nicol Mavencamp

First Grade- Claire Brence, Ekalaka Elementary School; Teacher: Mardee Guyer

Second Grade- Kaleb Dahle, Choteau Elementary School; Teacher: Mrs. Cornelius

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A37

Your land is your greatest asset. Protect it with a compact drill from Great Plains. Featuring a variety of sizes and options, these high-quality compact drills are ideal for production agriculture, food plots, waterway and pasture renovations, and more – even in the most challenging terrain.

Most models simultaneously seed 3 different crops at 3 different rates with this proven seeding system.

Choose from no-till and min-till models available in 5' to 12' working widths.

See one of these Great Plains dealers or visit GreatPlainsAg.com.

BILLINGS FARMHAND

Billings, MT | 406-259-4223

TILLEMAN EQUIPMENT CO. Great Falls, MT | 406-403-2817 Havre, MT | 406-395-6777

CHURCHILL EQUIPMENT CO. Manhattan, MT | 406-282-7252

TRI-COUNTY IMPLEMENT Sidney, MT | 406-488-4400

SHEPHERD’S GARAGE Dillon, MT | 406-683-2018

Z MILL INC.

Broadus, MT | 406-436-2101 Gillette, WY | 406-436-2101 ©GREAT PLAINS MFG., INC. 3066D-GPM

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A38

The deadline for advertising for the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th .

LOADER FOR SALE

Winners of Montana Ag in Color drawing contest announced CONTINUED FROM PAGE A36

students from across the state,” said MFBWLC Chair Carla Lawrence. “Our committee enjoys judging this contest, although it is a difficult task to choose the winners from such a talented group of artists. We hope the students had a great time and were able to learn about agriculture and the farmers and ranchers who produce food and fiber in Montana and across

the nation.”

Winners and classroom teachers will receive a cash prize and goodies from Montana Farm Bureau during Ag Week. Winning entries will be printed and distributed on usable items and educational materials. They will be posted on the Montana Farm Bureau website and Facebook page.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A42

2006 John Deere 624K 10K hours, good rubber, Q.C....... ............................................................................ $60,000 Phone (406) 253-1001

Manufactured & Modular Homes

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Visit our Website: www.newhomesofthefuture.com 406-248-1100 7239 S. Frontage Rd - Billings MT

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Third Grade- Ivan Donnelly, Greenfield School; Teacher: Mrs. Lee

Weaver Grain Bins Family owned business since 2007 in Power, MT

weavergrainbins.com Lee Weaver (406) 750-9780

Fourth Grade- Kannin Crasco, Malta Elementary School; Teacher: Trinity Young

Grain Bins Sales Sunrise hopper cones for new/used bins Westeel smoothwall hopper bins Grain bin parts Grain bin construction Unload tubes Aeration floors Ground opening grain bin lids Serving - Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Oregon, (Texas Panhandle Area)

Fifth Grade- Charlie Richards, Hawks Home School; Teacher: Katie Owen

##### From 1939-1942, there was an underwater post office in the Bahamas.

Prairie Fare: Try these tips to save money on food

By Julie Garden-Robinson, NDSU Extension food and nutrition specialist “You can scrape that bowl a little better,” my mother would say to me.

I would keep scraping to get the last bit of dough out of the bowl.

“Auntie Christina was the best at cleaning out bowls,” she’d add.

My great-aunt Christina was a first-generation American who raised all of her siblings when her mother (my greatgrandmother) died at age 40. I am sure that scraping and scrimping was part of her life. In her twilight years, she lived with my family.

Unfortunately, I was only two when she passed away, but her lessons were passed down to me.

Older generations were quite adept at stretching food dollars. They did not have the luxury of large grocery stores with easy-to-make food mixes. They cooked more basic recipes and used what they had on hand to make meals. My great-aunt lived a very long life.

Every now and then, I look over my vintage World War II-era cookbooks, which are now more than 80 years old.

During wartime, foods like sugar, coffee, canned food, eggs, meats, cheese and fat were rationed.

Growing “victory gardens” during times of war became a way to ensure your family had healthful food. Gardening is an excellent idea now, as food prices likely will continue to increase. Packs of seeds are inexpensive compared with the potential bounty you could harvest.

Earlier generations preserved their harvest through canning, drying, pickling and freezing. However, I do not recommend following old canning recipes because modern equipment and methods are much safer. If you have GreatGrandma’s canning recipe in her handwriting, save it as a keepsake — don’t use it.

During World War II, much of the food preservation information was overhauled; since then, the guidance has been regularly updated with scientific advancements. Once you CONTINUED ON PAGE A40

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A39

SELL YOUR EQUIPMENT IN THIS SPACE!!!

Call: 406-271-5533 or Email: advertising@tradersdispatch.com Mail to: Trader’s Dispatch, Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425

BUSINESS FOR SALE Palm Tree Construction Billings, Montana (406) 633-5229

Palm Tree Construction will be sold as an Asset Business in its entirety, which includes all the equipment with no land or buildings.

(406) 652-6973 (406) 698-3322 Includes the following equipment:

Case SN 580 backhoe, clamshell loader bucket, extend-a-hoe, duals, Ho-Pak. Buckets included: 1-ft, 2-ft, 3-ft, 4-ft, and V-Ditch bucket. Low hours.

Pettibone C-33P asphalt roller, Perkings diesel hydrostatic engine.

GMC Brigadier dump truck, 350 Cummins, 9 speed, single axle with Boss snow plow.

GMC van truck, 350 Cummins, 5 speed, 24-ft. box, roll-up door, hydraulic lift gate.

Richmond horizontal boring machine, with 12” and 14” diameter drill bits.

STEEL

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A40

STRUCTURES ON ALL ON ALL ON ALL

STEEL STEEL STEEL STRUCTURES STRUCTURES STRUCTURES

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• 495 CC • 2WD/4WD • 495 CC • 2WD/4WD Liquid cooled/4 Stroke • Electronic Power Steering C FORCE 500 • 495 CC • 2WD/4WD Liquid cooled/4 Stroke •painted Electronic Power Steering • 2/12 pitch roof, walls and trim Liquid cooled/4 Stroke • Electronic Power Steering

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• (2) – 14’x14’ Wayne Dalton Doors EACH EACH PACKAGE PACKAGE INCLUDES: INCLUDES: - One row of insulated glass • 2/12 pitch painted roof, walls andper trimdoor EACH INCLUDES: • 2/12PACKAGE pitch painted roof, walls and trim - One heavy duty opener per door •• 2/12 painted roof, wallsDoors and trim (2) –pitch 14’x14’ Wayne Dalton • (2) 14’x14’ Wayne - –Two remotes perDalton door Doors - One row ofWayne insulated glassDoors per door • (2) – 14’x14’ Dalton - One row of insulated glass per door heavy duty opener perper door • --(4)One – row 4’0 xof4’0 windows insulated glass door One heavy duty opener per door - One Two heavy remotes peropener door per door duty Two remotes per door • - (4) 3070 Entry Doors remotes per door • (4)Two – 4’0 x 4’0 windows • (4) – 4’0 x 4’0 windows 5” Concrete Slab with ••• (4) 4’0 xEntry 4’0 Monolithic windows (4) –3070 Doors • (4) 3070 Entry radiant heat Doors •• (4) 3070 Entry Doors Slab with 5” Concrete Monolithic •• 5”#4Concrete Monolithic Slab with rebar on 24” centers radiant heat • 5” Concrete radiant heatMonolithic Slab with heat foam •• radiant #42”rebar oninsulation 24” centersunder the slab • #4 rebar on 24” centers ••• #4 rebar insulation on centers or24” propane boiler 2”Electric foam under the slab • 2” foam insulation under the slab ••• 2” foam insulation the slab Electric or propaneunder boiler R36 insulation the roof, • Electric or propaneinboiler R25insulation insulation the walls •• Electric or propane boiler R36 in in the roof, • R36 insulation in the roof, R25 insulation in thetoroof, walls • • R36 Includes all labor pour slab, R25 insulation in the walls insulation in the wallsslab, complete • R25 Includes all heated labor to floor, pour • Includes all labor to pour slab, and erectheated the building complete floor, • Includes labor to pour slab, completeallheated floor, and erect heated the building complete floor, and erect the building and erect the building

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bjornjohnsonconstructionmt.com bjornjohnsonconstructionmt.com * Prices areareananestimate vary by byregion. region.Excludes Excludes sales Offer expires 14 days. * Prices estimateand and may may vary sales tax.tax.

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Prairie Fare: Try these tips to save money on food CONTINUED FROM PAGE A39

invest in jars for canning, you can continue using them as long as they are not chipped or cracked.

Consider these tips to save some money on groceries: Plan your meals. My 1940s cookbooks included the meal plan for the week, and that’s a good idea for any generation. Having a “road map” for home food preparation helps you reduce the temptation of stopping at a drive-through on the way home.

Limit the amount of food that you waste. Earlier generations used their “planned-overs” in later meals to make soups, stews and sandwiches.

Consider composting with your vegetable and fruit peelings to make your own “fertilizer” to nourish your plants in the future. Consider building or investing in a compost bin.

NDSU Extension has a basic “How to Compost” guide to get you started.

Check out the sales ads. Buying fresh fruits and vegetables in season will save you money, plus you will enjoy higher quality fresh produce. Frozen and canned fruits and vegetables are another nutritious option. Remember, all forms of produce count toward the recommended 4 ½ cups per day.

Look for discounts and sign up for rewards in stores, where you might earn discounts or money back. If items are “Three for $2,” be sure to check if you can buy one at the sale price.

Usually, you can.

Use coupons on items that you normally buy.

Consider buying in quantity to save money. Avoid buying items you really do not like. Rice and beans are bargain-friendly options with a long shelf life.

Check your grocery receipt for any errors. Make a mental note of food prices as you shop and watch the register to be sure the sale price shows up.

Save eating out as a special treat or celebration. Food in restaurants is more expensive than food prepared at home.

Know your resources.

Your NDSU Extension office provides free resources to help you learn how to garden, whether in pots or a small plot in your yard. See the recorded webinars at NDSU Extension’s Field to Fork website, and check out face-to-face and online gardening education programs in your community.

Check out community gardening programs, where you share in the output. Later in the season, support your local farmers by shopping local at farmers markets.

See ag.ndsu.edu/food and go to the “Food Preparation” section for the “Now You’re Cookin’” and “Pinchin’ Pennie$ in the Kitchen” handouts for more tips and recipes.

Could you raise a few chickens in your backyard? Check out the NDSU Extension publication, “Beginners Guide to Raising Chickens,” for details.

This World War II-era recipe with its actual name provides a variety of nutrients. For a true “health” salad, choose dark leafy greens such as romaine. Consider growing your own salad ingredients this summer.

Health Salad (from 1943) 1 cup raw, sliced cauliflower 1 cup raw, grated carrots 2 cups shredded lettuce 1 cup sliced radishes 1/3 cup chopped walnuts or other nut (optional) Salad dressing of choice Prepare ingredients as indicated and serve with your choice of dressing.

A serving with nuts (without dressing) has 70 calories, 5 grams (g) fat, 2 g protein, 6 g carbohydrate, 2 g fiber and 35 milligrams sodium.

The Mongoose The small Asian mammals famous for killing cobras were brought to Hawaii by sugar planters in 1893. Reason: They thought the mongooses would help control the rat population.

The planters overlooked one little detail: The mongoose is active in the daytime while the rate is nocturnal. “In Hawaii today” says one source, “mongooses are considered pests nearly as bad as rats.”

The Odd Couple

In 1962 TV writer Danny Simon got divorced and moved in with another divorced man. Simon was a neat freak, while his friend was a slob. Simon’s brother, playwright Neil Simon, turned the situation into The Odd Couple. (Neil says Danny inspired at least nine other characters in his plays.)

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 – Page A41

Billings, Montana

• BUY • SELL Big Timber, Montana • RENT Greg 406-690-2754 Jim 406-690-0737

Give Greg or Jim a Call!

2008 Cat 277C Skidsteer

Hours 3016, heat and A/C, radio, tight machine.........$29,000

1985 Cat 130 Grader

Toro Dingo TX525

No leaks, runs as should, 3745 hours........................$49,000

Hours 938, just serviced works and runs as should, clean unitl.. ...................................................................................$15,000

2023 Deere 160G Excavator

730 hours excellent condition, Heat, A/C thumb.... $198,000

2007 JLG 400S Boom Lift

Hours 2708, clean, great running machine, all operates as should.........................................................................$31,000

2023 Bobcat E88 Excavator

Hours 159, metal tracks, heat and A/C, thumb backfill blade...... ................................................................................ $105,000

2021 Deere 200G Excavator

2007 Deere 310SJ Backhoe

4519 hours, heat and A/C, just serviced, no leaks, 4x4............... ...................................................................................$45,995

Hours, 3457, Q/A, thumb, clean machine, heat and air conditioner........................................................................ $138,000

2013 Genie 1056 Telehandler

Open ROPS, 3680 hours, great running machine......$60,000

2018 Gehl RS519 Telehandler

Deere 331G Skidsteer 2022 hours 758, heat and A/C, standard flow, clean unit.. ....................................................................... $69,000 2019 Deere 330G Loaded, 1050 hours............................................ $49,000 2019 Deere 333G Loaded, 1680 hours............................................ $59,900

Open ROPS, very clean, 1563 hours.........................$54,000

1998 Bobcat 863 Skidsteer

Hours 2728, all works as should, enclosed heat........$21,800

2019 Bobcat S450 Skidsteer

Hours 1870, open ROPS, nice machine just serviced.$29,000

2020 Bobcat E35 Excavator

Hours 193, thumb, angle blade, heat and A/C. Like new machine...........................................................................$55,555

2015 Genie 5519 Telehandler

Hours 1010, auxiliary hydraulics, no flat tires, very nice machine...........................................................................$48,000

2004 Cat 615C Scraper

Hours show 314 replaced between 5000-6000 hours, good running scraper............................................................. $124,000

2021 Takeuchi TL8R-2 Skidsteer

Hours 777, high flow, Q/A, heat and air conditioner...$56,995

Additional photos & information at www.affordableconstructionequipment.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A42

Winners of Montana Ag drawing contest

TRACTORS FOR SALE

CONTINUED FROM PAGE A38

2012 John Deere 8235R, weights, duals, ILS, IVT, GPS, 3531 hours.

2009 John Deere 8330, weights, duals, ILS, IVT, GPS, wide track extensions, 4352 hours.

1997 John Deere 8200T, weights, GPS, camoplast tracks, 8173 hours.

1974 John Deere 4430, with front loader..

1969 John Deere 2510 with high lift loader.

Phone cell (406) 490-3795, Anaconda, Montana

Building truck tarps for grain trailers Call or check out our website for more info:

www.mountainviewcanvas.com

Sixth Grade- Mesa Scalese, Geyser Elementary School; Teacher: Sue Neumann

YOUR GRASS SEED SOURCE

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Improving steel pipelines for safe transport of hydrogen

By Joanne Paulson, Canadian Light Source Hydrogen is increasingly gaining attention as a promising energy source for a cleaner, more sustainable future. Using hydrogen to meet the energy demands for large-scale applications such as utility infrastructure will require transporting large volumes via existing pipelines designed for natural gas.

But there’s a catch. Hydrogen can weaken the steel that these pipelines are made of. When hydrogen atoms enter the steel, they diffuse into its microstructure and can cause the metal to become brittle, making it more susceptible to cracking. Hydrogen can be introduced into the steel during manufacturing, or while the pipeline is in service transporting oil and gas.

To better understand this problem, researcher Tonye Jack used the Canadian Light Source (CLS) at the University of Saskatchewan (USask) to capture a 3D view of the cracks formed in steels. Researchers have previously relied on twodimensional imaging techniques, which don’t provide the same rich detail made possible with synchrotron radiation.

Tonye, a PhD candidate in USask’s Department of Mechanical Engineering, and his colleagues studied different pipeline steels and showed that microstructure plays a critical role in how much hydrogen the steel absorbs and how it is distributed in the metal. Their research also revealed that when hydrogen enters the steel while the pipeline is in service, it causes more damage than if introduced during manufacturing or other pre-charging conditions.

The risk of steel failure due to hydrogen embrittlement depends on several factors such as the amount of hydrogen in the steel, the steel’s microstructure, stress conditions, and operating environment. However, Tonye emphasizes that how much hydrogen is retained in the steel and where it accumulates largely dictates its failure behavior.

“We need to know the mechanism of failure and how to mitigate it,” he says.

While catastrophic pipeline failures are rare, his team’s findings are important as industries plan to transport hydrogen gas using high-strength natural gas pipelines. “These findings can help inform the production of safer pipelines,” he says. By refining the microstructure, manufacturers can design steels that are more resistant to cracking and hydrogen embrittlement.

“We tend to look at this as one failure is too many because of their economic importance,” says Tonye. “But the bigger concern is environmental, as pipeline failures can have devastating consequences.”

As society transitions to cleaner fuels, understanding the interaction of hydrogen and steel and mitigating hydrogen embrittlement is crucial to ensuring the safety and reliability of future hydrogen infrastructure, and of great importance to the global energy framework.

How much silage can I feed to finishing cattle?

By Warren Rusche, Assistant Professor & SDSU Extension Feedlot Management Specialist Conventional wisdom holds that you should only feed as much roughage as is necessary to maintain rumen health.

Many finishing diets are formulated to have 8% roughage, perhaps as high as 10%. From a mathematical standpoint this makes sense, as most roughage sources contain less energy, so a low-roughage diet will have a greater net energy (mega-cal) concentration.

However, it does not always hold that the highest NEg diet is the most profitable. Increased energy content increases the risk of digestive upset; feeding additional roughage reduces that risk and may help cattle maintain feed intake.

Many South Dakota and Midwestern cattle feeders also farm, giving them the opportunity to make use of silage or other home-raised feedstuffs as a profit center. Also, some years in South Dakota we need to utilize greater amounts of corn silage because of weather-related crop production challenges.

Investigating Performance and System Efficiency We wanted to know what effect feeding increased amounts of corn silage (either 24 or 30% of the diet dry matter) would have on cattle performance and system-wide efficiency. To get at this question, we conducted two different experiments; one comparing 12 to 24% silage incorporation with the steers fed 24% silage fed for an additional 14 days, and a second experiment comparing 15 to 30% incorporation with the same days on feed. Both experiments used yearling steers fed to slaughter weight.

Cattle performed as we expected – feeding more corn silage reduced the energy concentration of the diet resulting in reduced gains and poorer feed conversion. Feeding cattle an additional 14 days actually increased carcass weight sold, and consequently gross revenue. Based on that observation, we concluded that for increased silage incorporation to be viable requires extending the feeding period to maintain output.

What was interesting were the results when we calculated pounds of beef per acre, shown in Figure 1.

##### What’s this, O God? The missing slice of cake from last night’s dinner party! I wondered where my slice went. Apparently it slipped between the stove and counter when I was serving guests. At least the mystery is solved–though I never did get a taste of the cake.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A43

TRUCK, PUP AND GENERATOR FOR SALE 1970 GMC 3-ton truck, Detroit (weak motor), 24-ft. Omaha Standard box with steel floor and hay rack............ $4500 20-ft. pup with hydraulic tilt and hay rack.................. $3500 For Both.......$6500 Kohler 115V electic plant generator.

Phone (406) 799-7026, Valier, Montana

MILITARY STYLE TANK, TRACTOR & FORESTRY PLOW FOR SALE

Forestry plow, fold up behind John Deere 550D or 550G. Great shape, hydraulic lift, folds up behind ROPS on dozer... ...................................................................................... $1200 Truck with 5000 gallon tank, fuel pump, hose reel, 120 volt Tokeim pump. No rust on truck chassis. No radiator, engine may be fixable........... ....................................$7500

Henke 11-ft. snow plow, hydraulic turn, adjustable skid plate up and down. Very good condition with rubber blade that can be replaced with steel blade, pump included.................................................... $2400 1969 Ford 5000 tractor, new spindles, new front end bearings, new front tires and tubes, new seat and frame, new muffler, new dirt separator, new filters, new battery and cable, new radiator 4 row tubes and hoses, new steering wheel, new steering rods, painted fenders, steering system works great - one hand turning, Ford blue paint (3 quarts), Ford light grey paint (1 quart)............................................................ $10,000

Phone Gil (406) 595-2570, Whitehall, MT

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US Dealer for K-Hart Direct Seeding Disc Drills Dave and Brock Linker • 6960 North Coffee Creek Rd, Coffee Creek, MT 59424

New K-Hart 8620 Gent Disc Opener Figure 1. Effect of silage inclusion on beef production.

To estimate these values, we used the actual silage yield and estimated corn yield to calculate cattle gain per acre of corn. Using that measure, it made little difference whether we fed the lesser or increased amount of corn silage in term of the quantity (and dollars) of beef generated per acre.

Optimal corn silage incorporation depends on the business model of an individual operation. Farmer feeders whose business is producing as much beef as possible from a known land base have multiple options as to harvest method to produce feedstuffs. Greater corn silage utilization may be the better option in those instances, particularly if the farm can utilize manure to reduce crop production expenses. Alternatively, cattle feeders who purchase most of their feed and have limited land base on which to apply manure, would be more likely to conclude that minimal roughage diets that maximize cattle efficiency are optimal. ##### A doctor, an accountant, and a lawyer are all playing golf on a beautiful, sunny day. Unfortunately, the foursome in front of them is playing incredibly slowly. The three players continue to complain about the pace of play throughout the round. Finally, when they walk off the course and into the clubhouse, they are infurated. As they complain to the head pro, he calmly informs them that the foursome is made up of blind golfers who were invited to the club as part of a charity exhibition. The doctor, immediately contrite, says, “Wow, I feel terrible, I’d like to donate $500 to the charity.”

The accountant says, “I feel terrible, as well. I’d like to donate $1,000.” The lawyer looks pensive and says, “You’re telling me those golfers are blind?” “That’s right,” says the pro. “Then why not just have them play at night?”

Several used drills for sale Call for more information

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A44

The DEADLINE for advertising in May 2025 issue is Wednesday, April 30th.

MONTANA BRAND FOR SALE Cattle: Left Hip $ 3000 Horses: Left Thigh

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www.centrol-llc.com Spring is fast approaching and do you still not have your fields soil sampled? Contact us today!

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Balewagons & Retrievers New Holland 1052 retriever bed 3 wide.......................... $10,000 New Holland 1079................................................Call for details 2006 New Holland BW28 balewagon............................. $95,000 New Holland 1069 As Is needs brakes........................... $18,500 New Holland S1049 balewagon...................................... $18,500 2006 New Holland 1037 balewagon, sharp.................... $35,000 6-New Holland 1037 balewagons, rebuilt......$26,500 to $42,000 New Holland 1036 LATE MODEL, seen very little use.... $42,500 New Holland 1033 REBUILT, like new............................ $17,500 New Holland 1032 pull type, REBUILT............................ $17,500 New Holland 1051 three wide retriever mounted on 1978 Chevrolet C65 truck..................................................................... $15,000 New Holland 1002 balewagon........................................... $5500

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New Holland 1037 rebuilt late model slatted deck bale wagon...................... $43,500

2000 Wilmar Eagle 8500 sprayer, 90-ft. boom, 1000 gallon stainless steel tank, new tires, new hydraulic pump..$25,000

New harvester will boost efficiency, accuracy for NDSU sugarbeet researchers Thanks to a partnership involving several groups, a new, custom-built sugarbeet harvester is now in the hands of researchers at North Dakota State University and the University of Minnesota.

The new harvester’s development and purchase is a collaboration between NDSU, the University of Minnesota, the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), the Sugar Beet Research and Education board, allied industry partners and growers.

The new harvester was unveiled at the International Sugarbeet Institute on March 19 at the Fargodome with representatives from the collaborative partners in attendance.

“This is a partnership between the universities and other groups, including farmers and allied industry partners,” says Tom Peters, NDSU Extension sugarbeet agronomist. “All the groups pooled their resources together for this project.”

“This is a great success story of collaboration between the universities, private industry and growers,” says Ross Pape, Sugarbeet Research and Education Board president. “Everyone involved recognized the need to continue world class sugarbeet research right here in the valley, and providing researchers with a modern, sophisticated and reliable harvester is where it all starts.”

The need for a new harvester for research was clear. The previous machine was commercially built in the 1950s and modified for research in 1996. Peters said equipment breakdowns have become more frequent, and finding replacement parts has become more difficult The benefits will be immediate — a much more efficient harvest being the main one. It will also potentially cut the amount of manpower needed for harvest in half, Peters said. The new harvester will also improve the ability to collect data that is analyzed by the various groups.

Improving the accuracy and capability of research also affects farmers in the region.

“Sugarbeet growers in North Dakota and Minnesota depend on our Extension programming for data-based recommendations,” says Eric Branch, NDSU Extension sugarbeet specialist. “Without data from replicated field trials, we couldn’t do our job in the areas of weed, insect and disease management.”

“The new harvester will help us conduct our research accurately and efficiently. While in-season ratings such as leaf spot severity are important, we also want to look at the same metrics that our stakeholders use — such as yield, sugar percentage and revenue per acre — that can help sugarbeet growers run their farms effectively.”

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Bob Welker of Shelby was an active participant in Ty McDonald’s succession planning workshop at the Montana’s Next Generation conference while John Kanning, Hapi Seewald, and Barb Larsen listened intently.

Photo by Kari Lewis.

Winter survival in alfalfa

By Ben Beckman, UNL The time for spring planting alfalfa is just around the corner, and selecting the right seed is crucial. Two traits we should take extra time to consider are fall dormancy and winter survival. These traits are often treated the same, but are different. Today let’s look at winter survival.

Winter survival or winter hardiness is the ability for an alfalfa plant to make it through winter without injury, once the plant goes dormant. This is different than the fall dormancy rating that measures the alfalfa’s ability to prepare for and recover from dormancy. Winter survival is measured on a 1 to 6 scale with 1 being extremely hardy and 6 not hardy.

For Nebraska, a winter survival rating of 3 is about as high as we want to go.

As temperatures drop and days shorten, alfalfa plants change their physiology to survive freezing temperatures and make it through winter. While increased hardiness can result in reduced yield potential, for a high dollar perennial forage, having a full stand year after year is better in the long run.

In the past, winter survival traits were linked with fall dormancy. With new varieties, this isn’t always the case, so winter survival needs to be evaluated on its own.

We want to pick a winter survival ranking that will get us through winter without compromising yield. Where you are in the state plays a big role in what to pick. Winter temperatures affect the choice, but maintained snow cover is also important. As snow can help insulate the ground, parts of the state that regularly have open winters may need as high or higher survival rating than colder locations with winter-long snow cover.

Bottom line for Nebraska, a winter survival rating of 3 is about as high as we want to go and areas with open winters or regularly colder temperatures should be even lower.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A45

The deadline for advertising in the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th.

Phone (406) 271-5533. or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

Absurd Inventions

Invention: Separable Pants.

What it does: You don’t take them off, you take them apart. The zipper goes all the way around the crotch, from the front to the back. That way, you can mix and match the legs with other colors and styles, making your own artstic, customized pants.

114 East Washington Ave. Chester, MT 59522 669 Elevator Rd. Stanford, MT 59479

(406) 759-6489 (406) 566-2282

2025 Crop Contracts Available for Chickpeas, Lentils, and Peas Call Brad Kantorowicz (406) 868-8404 - or Scott McGowan (406) 899-4599

Strick’s Ag is pleased to introduce Garrett Hovland who has joined our Fertilizer Department in Chester, MT Call Garrett at 406-450-2602 - and Darren Fischer who has joined our Procurement Team in Stanford, MT Call Darren at 406-350-0221

*OUR MISSION IS TO MOVE PREMIUM QUALITY GRAIN AROUND THE WORLD* * Employment Opportunities available at Stricks Ag. Call our HR Department for details. (406) 759-6490

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A46

MONTANA BRAND FOR SALE Cattle: Right Hip $ Horses: Right Shoulder Irons and electric iron included

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New vegetable varieties with amazing flavors

By Tom Kalb, Horticulturist, NDSU Extension Beef Plus have superior flavor and resist disThis is a great time to be a gardener. The temperatures are getting warmer and the days eases better than the standard Celebrity, Better are getting longer. Spring is coming!

Boy and Big Beef varieties, respectively.

Many of us will be planting a garden soon.

I can’t wait to try the new heat-tolerant lettuce varieties available, including Gatsbi and The good news is there are lots of new varieties Shirane Sky. We will be enjoying crisp lettuce available this spring that were bred to be absoall summer. lutely delicious. North Dakota State University There is a new pickling cucumber called Extension will be testing many of these varieties, and you are welcome to join us in our tests.

Provision with dark green, crisp fruits. Its vines We are testing a revolutionary new golden resist diseases and won’t overrun the garden. I beet called Badger Flame. This gourmet beet never seen such a dark green pickler. has flaming red stripes and was bred to taste Patty pan squash may be easy to grow but it mild and sweet without the earthy flavor of lacks flavor. A minister from Logan County on normal beets. It’s a chef’s delight! our team grows vegetables for those in need. He Dark Horse may be one of the highesttold me it would be a sin to give people such a quality beans ever. It has dark green, crisp pods terrible-tasting vegetable. Now there is hope. that are easy to harvest from upright plants.

There is a new, award-winning variety called Dolciva is a new carrot from Switzerland Green Lightning that is beautiful and reportedly that has exceptional sweetness, a juicy crunch tastes delicious. and stores well.

Gardeners in North Dakota and in nearby Some new tomatoes are worth noting. At counties of adjacent states are welcome to join the top of the list is Sun Orange cherry tomato. our team and test these varieties. Go to our Gardeners in our project have raved about the website to request our catalog. You can find the intense, fruity flavor of Sun Gold in the past.

North Dakota Home Garden Variety Trials via This year, the breeder of Sun Gold released a Google search or access it directly at ndsu.

Sun Orange, which has larger fruits and resists ag/homegardentrials. cracking better than Sun Gold. I can’t wait to Many Extension offices in North Dakota try it. will be offering free samples of several tomato Tomatoes with determinate (compact) vines varieties during the Spring Fever Garden Foare easy to grow and do not need to be pruned. rums. For more information, go to ndsu.ag/ Roadster has done well in our trials and its new springfever25. sister Rambler is available now. Rambler is You can find seed sources for any of these reported to produce high yields of extra-large, varieties by doing a Google search. Again, I dark-red, smooth, flavorful fruits. invite you to participate in our North Dakota New “Plus” tomato varieties are now availHome Garden Variety Trials. We will begin able. Celebrity Plus, Better Boy Plus and Big shipping seeds in April.

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Reddig Equipment is always looking for Trade-ins.

New Regenerative Farming Cohort offers peer, expert support A new, free cohort focused on regenerative farming practices and open to anyone is now offered by Montana Farmers Union.

“We want to create a community of people who have other people they can turn to to ask questions and get feedback,” said Jodi Koterba, an education associate and ambassador with MFU who is coordinating the cohort.

The Regenerative Farming Cohort kicks off from 1-4 p.m., Tuesday, April 15, at the Montana Electric Co-op Association Building in Great Falls. Marni Thompson with NRCS is the featured speaker, and attendees will participate in round tables, learn more about regenerative farming practices, and hear an overview of the program. A zoom link will be available for people who want to attend the kickoff virtually.

The program was formed at the request of a member, highlighting MFU’s grassroots model for policy and programming. The cohort will include monthly virtual coffee meetings with experts and discussion, in-person educational programming and farm tours, peer-to-peer mentoring, and a toolbox of resources developed over the course of the cohort.

Anyone from producers who have extensive experience with regenerative practices to producers who are new to them and want to learn more are welcome to attend any or all of the free program.

“The cohort is open to anyone in Montana who would like to start, improve, or learn about regenerative farming practices,” Koterba said, encouraging people to attend the kickoff and learn more about what the cohort will offer.

To learn more or register, contact Jodi Koterba at jkoterba@montanafarmersunion.com or at 406-788-8816, or Ambassador Montana Caise at mcaise@montanafarmersunion. com or 406-729-3030.

Seeds and transplanting tips When bringing delicate plants indoors to protect them from cold weather, put several into the same pot to take up less space.

If tender buds or shoots become frozen, thaw them out slowly by spraying with cold water before the sun shines.

Otherwise they may get scorched.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A47

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page A48

Finance Used Ag Equipment with

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2014 CASE IH 4430 SPRAYER Aim Command, 120’, Viper Pro, Phoenix 300 Antenna, 1600 gal, 2 sets of tires, Tridekons, Reversing fan $230,000 cad stk: 057334

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B1

180 Water Pump & Service, MT & ND.................. C1 2 W Spreading, Choteau MT ...............................A11 360 Rain, Chester, MT.......................................... C2 3V Distributing, Conrad MT .................................. B2 7 W Enterprises, Inverness MT .......................... A30 A-Plus Auto, Great Falls MT ............................... A18 Abilene Machine Inc, Abilene KS........................ B30 Accelerated Metal Solutions, Glendive MT......... C10 Acciacca Agriculture Repair, Fairfield MT ........... A31 Acciacca Sales and Service, Fairfield MT .......... C38 Action Toys, Billings MT...................................... C13 Affordable Construction Equipment, Billings & Bozeman MT ............................................................ A41 Ag Trucks & Equipment, Great Falls MT ............ A47 Ag Wise, Kremlin MT .......................................... C39 AgraSyst Dealers................................................ B27 ASH Supply, St. Ignatius, MT ............................. B26 Axmen, Missoula, MT ........................................... A2 Badland Truck Sales, Glendive MT .................... C21 Ben Taylor, Valier & Shelby MT .......................... C31 Big Equipment Co., Havre MT ............................ A17 Big Sky Equipment, Conrad MT ......................... C15 Big Sky Harley-Davidson, Great Falls MT .......... B17 Big Sky Mahindra, Great Falls MT...................... B17 Big Sky Pipe, Great Falls MT ............................. B32 Big Sky Sawmill & Wood Products, Vaughn MT . C14 Big Sky Wholesale Seeds, Shelby MT .......A42, C42 Billings Farm & Ranch Supply, Billings MT......... B30 Bison Ford, Great Falls MT ................................ B16 Bjorn Johnson Construction, Missoula MT ......... A40 Bouma Post Yards, Choteau MT .......................... C3 BTI Feeds, Cut Bank MT .................................... C31 Bull Mountain Fencing, Yoder, Dan, Roundup MT...A16 C & B Operations, LLC, Billings, Culbertson & Plentywood, MT, Sheridan, WY, Powell, WY..........C8, C9 C & R Trailer Sales, Kalispell, MT ...................... C22 Cahill Seeds, Scobey MT ..................................... B2 Cascade Machine & Supply, Great Falls MT ...... A29 Central Heating & Air Conditioning, Billings, MT......C41 Central Montana Distributing, Great Falls MT .... C38 Centrol Crop Consulting LLC, Brady & Conrad MT ... ......................................................................... A44 Churchill Equipment, Manhattan & Belgrade MT....C24 Circle S Seeds of Montana, Three Forks MT ..... A16 Clark Fork Posts, Plains MT ............................... B31 Clearview Seed, Denton MT............................... C32 Crown Agro, Graham Seed Treating, Center ND ...... ................................................................. A20, A31 Cut Bank Tire, Cut Bank MT ............................... C26 Dakota Truck & Farm, Minot ND......................... A45 David Steed Company, Idaho Falls, ID................. A3 DBL Sales & Service, Coffee Creek MT ..... A43, B14 Doane Western of Montana, Bozeman MT ........ B14 Double Diamond Truck & Equipment Sales, Missoula MT ...C36

Index

Dry Fork Ag, Ledger MT ..................................... C47 Dutch Openers ................................................... A32 Ellingson Air Seeder Repair, LLC, Braham MN .... B1 Equipment Share, Billings, MT ........................... C39 Flaman Rentals, Power MT .......................... A46, B9 Fox Ford, Wolf Point MT....................................... C2 Frank Merchant Roofing, Great Falls MT ........... A28 Fraser’s Oil Inc., Inverness MT........................... A22 Frieling’s Agricultural Equipment, Great Falls MT...... ............................... A21, B11, B25, C11, C29, C48 Frontier Precision, Fort Benton MT ...................... C3 Frontline Ag Solutions Dillon, Dillon MT ............. C45 Frontline Ag Solutions, Multiple locations MT..C42, C43 Glass Trucking, Denton MT ................................ B26 Golden Harvest Seeds, Big Sandy MT ............... B31 Golden Triangle Seeds, Rudyard MT ................. A33 Gordon Repair, LLC, Miles City MT .................... B28 Graham Seed Treating, Crown Agro, Center ND....A20 Great Plains, Dealers ......................................... A37 Greenway Seeds, Caldwell ID ................................... .................................B8, C11, C34, C41, C46, C47 Greyn Fertilizer, Choteau, Dutton, Valier MT ...... A23 Grossenburg Equipment, Multiple Locations SD, Multiple Locations NE, Sundance WY ............. C17 Hamilton Systems, Inc. Hamilton ND ................. B20 Heartland Seed Company, Moccasin MT ........... A32 Hedman, Inc, Grass Range MT .......................... A25 Helfert’s Helena Farm Supply, East Helena MT.....C30 Henke Enterprises, SprayFlex & Big Dog Mowers, Chester MT ..................................................... B10 Henry Building Systems, Pelican Rapids MN ..... C40 Highland Specialty Grain, Inc. (McKay Seed Co.), Moses Lake WA ............................................... C18 Highline Communications, Cut Bank MT ............ A27 Holst Truck Parts, Ucon, ID ................................ C37 Hotsy Wy-Mont, Great Falls & Billings MT ......... B18 Hoven Equipment Co., Great Falls & Lewistown MT....C5 Hwy 12 Equipment & Repair, Baker MT ............. B28 Irvine’s Trailers, Crossfield AB Canada .............. A26 ITB (Intercontinental Truck Body), Butte MT ...... B18 J & T Equipment Sales, Stevensville MT .............. C6 J Bar T Bins & Steel Buildings, Chester MT ....... C16 Jamieson Motors, Inc., Chinook MT ...........A28, C34 Jim Nielsen Trucks & Parts, Butte MT ................ C18 Johnsen Trailer Sales, Inc., Bismarck & Fargo ND....B8 Keller Williams Realty, Coeur d’Alene ID............ C42 Kois Brothers, Great Falls & Billings MT ............ B27 Krogmann Mfg. ................................................... C14 Kuhbacher Auction Service, Broadus MT ........... A34 Lakeland Feed & Supply, Dillon & Hamilton MT.....C22 Lattin & Sons, Power MT .............................. A46, B9

Lee’s Trapworks, LTD, Swift Currant Canada..... B32 Limagrain Cereal Seeds, Ft. Collins CO.......B9, C20 M & M Auto, Trailers, & Welding, Stevensville MT....B22 M & W Machine, Three Forks MT....................... C16 Mahindra, Big Sky Harley, Great Falls MT.......... B17 Marias River Farms, 360 Rain, Chester MT ......... C2 Marks Lumber, Clancy MT.................................. C37 MDSS, Inc. (Montana Dakota Scale Service), Fairview MT .................................................................... A34 Meridian Seeds, Casselton ND .......................... C19 Montana Ag Safety Program .............................. A35 Montana Automation, Cut Bank MT...................... C4 Montana Farrier Supply, Livingston MT .............. B24 Montana Fence, Billings, Bozeman, Great Falls, Kalispell MT....................................... B4, C12, C28 Montana Fiberglass Inc, Lewistown MT ............. C32 Montana Metal Fabrications, Great Falls MT ..... C10 Montana Seeds, Conrad MT ................................ B6 Montech Seed Group, MT .................................. B19 Mountain View Canvas, Fairfield MT .................. A42 Mountain View Metalworks, Wilsall MT .............. A39 MT Tractors, Matt Pendergast, Stevensville MT.....C12 Muddy Creek Truss, Fairfield, MT ...................... A24 Musselshell Valley Equipment, Roundup MT ............ ..................................................B3, B19, C19, C27 Neal Hay Sales, Augusta MT.............................. C27 New Homes of the Future, Billings MT ............... A38 North Star Equipment, Great Falls MT ............... C13 Northern Ford, Cut Bank MT ................................ C7 Northern Prairie Auto Sales, Wolf Point MT........ C28 NOV Fiberglass Systems, TX ............................. A36 Nutrien Ag Solutions, Inc, Conrad, Great Falls, Billings, Fort Benton, Belgrade, Hardin ,Chester, Shelby, MT .................................................................... B12 Oxbow Engineering LLC, Randy Pierce PE Three Forks MT ............................................................ C6 Pedigree Truck & Trailer Sales, New Salem, ND.....B23 Pete’s Auto Sales, Great Falls MT...................... C25 Platinum Auto Center, Big Timber MT .................. B4 Powerhouse Equipment, Floweree MT .............. C24 Precision Truck & Trailer, Havre MT ................... B15 Price Truck & Equipment Sales, Missoula MT.... A30 Pro-Tech Steel LLC, Great Falls MT................... C35 Quality Custom Sheds, Moore MT ..................... A24 Quality Sales, Great Falls MT............................. C46 R & L Seed & Machine LLC, Geyser MT ............ B28 R & M Exterminators, Cheney WA...................... B10 RDO Equipment, Kalispell, MT ........................... C35 RDO Equipment, Missoula MT ........................... C35 Reddig Equipment & Repair, Kalispell MT.......... A46 Redhead Equipment, Regina SK Canada .......... A48

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Reinke, RPH Irrigation Services, Choteau MT ... A31 Roofing By Frank Merchant, Great Falls, MT ..... A28 Roger Rader, Inc, Sun River MT .......................... B6 Rowse Farm Equipment, Avon MT ..................... B24 RPH Irrigation Services, Reinke, Choteau MT ... A31 Ruralands Real Estate, Pavillion, WY ................ C32 Rydelle Enterprises, Drummond MT .................. B14 Safflower Technologies International, Fairview & Billings MT ............................................................ B29 Schweiss Hydraulic & BiFold Doors, Hector, MN....C10 Shortline Ag, Scobey MT .................................... C20 Signature Auto & Equipment, Spearfish & Belle Fourche SD ...................................................... A19 Smith Truck Service, Great Falls, MT ................... C4 Snowy Mountain Motors, Lewistown MT ............ B24 Sod Buster Sales, Polson MT.....................A44, C16 Sonny Todd Real Estate, Big Timber MT............ A12 SprayFlex, Henke Enterprises, Chester, MT ...... B10 Spring Creek Industries, Taylor ND ...................... C3 Steel Etc, Great Falls MT .................................. C33 Stokes Contracting, Conrad MT .................A15, C40 Stricks Ag, Chester MT ....................................... A45 Sullivan Brothers Construction, Conrad MT ....... B13 Sunrise Hoppers, Bow Island AB Canada .......... C12 T & S Sales, Spokane WA ..........................B25, C18 T & T Farm Supply, LLC, Chester MT................. A33 Taylor Farm Store, Shelby MT ............................ C31 Taylor Transportation, Great Falls, MT ............... B24 TCB Transport LLC, Geyser MT ......................... B27 The Fagenstrom Co. Great Falls MT .................. B32 Tiber Tractor Co., Chester MT ............................ B13 Titan Applications - formerly Heartland Ag Systems, ID, KS, MT, ND, NE, SD, WA ........................... A27 Tom’s Shop, Grass Range MT............................ B32 Torgerson’s LLC, Multiple Locations MT, Multiple Locations WY, Dreary ID ........... B6, B20, B29, C36 Townsend Seeds, Inc, Townsend MT ................. C40 Treasure State Seed, Fairfield MT...................... B23 Treasure State Wood Boilers, LLC, Bigfork, MT. B29 Tri-County Implement, Sidney MT ...................... A29 Tri-State Truck & Equipment, Belgrade, Billings, Great Falls MT, Casper WY, Rock Springs WY.......... A35 Triple T Sales, Chinook MT ..........................B7, C26 TT&E Inc, Victor MT & Spearfish SD .................. C44 Vantage, Frontier Precision, Fort Benton MT ....... C3 Vaughn Truck, Havre MT .................................... B26 VW Mfg, Chester MT .......................................... C23 Weaver Grain Bins, Power MT ........................... A38 Wichman Ag Supply LLC, Hilger MT .................. B28 Wild Horse Seed, Havre MT ............................... B21 WinField-United, Billings, MT ..............................B11 Wollman Trucking, Moore MT............................. A14 XB Trailer Sales, Great Falls MT ........................ B21 Zimmerman Manure & Silage Hauling, Fairfield MT....A35

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B2

LAND FOR LEASE 2400 acres tillable farm ground Northwest of Three Forks, Montana Phone (406) 539-7246

##### Lord, we tested our patience and the new smoke alarm today by broiling meat too long. Thanks for reminding us to open the windows to let in the fresh, cool air.

Quality Equipment that works as hard as you do

Conrad Industrial Park

Box 955

Conrad, MT 59425

Phone 406-278-5400 or 1-800-310-5402 Evenings Call: Jordan VanDyke 406-450-3953

Visit us on the web: www.3vdistributing.com

E-mail Address: 3vdist@3rivers.net

IN STOCK!

NEW DEWEZE 876 Bale Beds IN STOCK!

2 - 20-ft. Reiten Aluminum Grain Boxes

DuraClass

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Crysteel 16-ft. x 34” Stainless Steel Dump Body

IN STOCK

Come check out the new model beds with some nice upgrades!

17-ft. dump body, 3/16” Ar400 floors and Highlight tailgates

Annual forages- Plan now in case of drought

By Jerry Volesky, Extension Range and Forage Specialist Last fall and this winter have been quite dry leaving most parts of the state in some level of drought. We are a few weeks away from another growing season and who knows how much moisture lies ahead.

Drought is likely to be a problem again this summer, at least somewhere in Nebraska. Because hay can be costly when pastures are short, consider ways now to minimize damage to range and pasture if less than average rainfall is received. Fortunately, early spring is a time when actions can be taken that can minimize some of the problems caused by drought.

Use Remaining Hay For starters, prepare a strategy for using any remaining hay. One of the better options is to feed hay longer into spring before turning cows out to permanent pasture. This action is exactly the opposite of the usual recommendation to graze more and feed less hay. But, allowing pastures to accumulate more growth before grazing begins, will provide more total grazable forage if drought prevents much regrowth later in the growing season. Leftover hay also can be used later during the growing season to give pastures more time to recover between grazing.

Plant Annual Forages Another strategy is planting annual forages to provide additional pasture or hay. For spring or cool-season annual forages, the planting period is typically mid-March to early April, or when soil temperatures are in the 42 to 45 degree Fahrenheit range. Oats are probably the most common coolseason annual forage planted in Nebraska. However, spring triticale or spring barley are two other small grain options that have been found to perform similarly to oats in terms of forage yield and quality.

These spring annuals are similar in the number of days until they are ready to begin grazing or hay; so, the different species could be mixed at planting if desired. One could look at the seed cost of the different species before deciding on which to plant. With an early spring planting date of the cool-season annuals, grazing can typically begin around the 3rd or 4th week of May and last into early July. Haying usually takes place around the 3rd week of June. There are specific forage varieties of these different small grain species that have been selected for greater yield and specific plant characteristics such as leafiness.

If grazing is a primary goal, Italian ryegrass could be included in a mix with the cereal grains which will result in a longer grazing period. Field peas are another species that could be included to enhance forage quality for hay or silage and provide some nitrogen fixation. Research trials have shown that the field peas should be at least 25% by weight of the seed mixture to realize a significant increase in the crude protein content in the forage harvested.

Warm-season or summer annual grasses are the other group of forages that could be seeded for grazing or cut for forage. These forages require warm temperatures, and seeding can typically occur from late May through July. There are seven different types of major summer annual forage grasses. These include: sudangrass, sorghum-sudan hybrids, forage sorghum (which we often call cane or sorgo), foxtail millet, pearl millet, Japanese millet, and teff. Each one has its own strengths and weaknesses. So, select the type you want based on how you plan to use it.

For example, do you want pasture? Then use sudangrass or pearl millet. Both are leafy, they regrow rapidly, and they contain less danger from prussic acid poisoning than other annual grasses. What if you want hay or green chop? Then select sorghum-sudan hybrids or pearl millet because they yield well and have good feed value when cut two or three times. On sandy soils, or when conditions are dry, foxtail millet may be a better choice for summer hay. It dries fast, doesn’t regrow after cutting, and handles dry soils well. Cane hay is grown in many areas and produces high tonnage, but it’s lower in feed value and dries more slowly after cutting than the hybrids or millets. Japanese millet can either be cut for hay or grazed and is a plant that can tolerate heavy, wet soils. Choose teff if you are looking for a really soft, leafy, high quality horse hay. Perhaps the goal is to chop silage to use as a wet feed. Then select forage sorghums, especially hybrids with high grain production. They can’t be beat for tonnage or for feed value when harvested as a silage crop.

If the rain doesn’t come, planning and acting now to make up for forage losses from pasture due to drought will pay big dividends.

What mineral to use when grazing rye or cereals?

By Mary Drewnoski, Nebraska Extension Beef Systems Specialist While growing cattle are not as suscepCereal rye, winter wheat, and winter tible to tetany, supplementing calcium and triticale grown on the same soil will have magnesium has been shown to improve a similar mineral profile. For both lactatgains. Studies have reported weight gain reing cows and growing cattle (developing sponses of up to 0.5 lb/day in supplemented heifers and yearlings), the main mineral cattle compared to those without access to concerns with these forages are deficienfree-choice mineral. Additionally, magnecies in sodium, calcium, and magnesium. sium supplementation may help reduce the Additionally, young small grains tend to risk of bloat by improving rumen motility, have high potassium levels, which interfere which aids in gas escape. with magnesium absorption. This increases A 4 oz free-choice mineral for growing the need for additional magnesium supplecattle should include: mentation, particularly for lactating cows, Salt (NaCl): 20–25% where the primary risk is tetany—a condiCalcium (Ca): At least 20% (higher than tion that can result in sudden death with lactating cows due to increased growth little warning. demands) Mineral Supplementation for LactatMagnesium (Mg): At least 5% ing Cows Additional Considerations Tetany is caused by low blood magneIonophores (Monensin): Adding an ionosium and calcium. Since symptoms often phore, such as monensin, to a free-choice go unseen until it’s too late, prevention is mineral supplement has been shown to crucial. A properly formulated 4 oz freeimprove gains of growing cattle. Responses choice mineral should include: of 0.20 lb/day have been observed with the Salt (NaCl): 20–25% cost of the product being far less than the Calcium (Ca): At least 8% value of gain.

Magnesium (Mg): At least 10% Trace Minerals (Copper & Zinc): While Providing a mineral supplement with these may have a less immediate effect, enthese levels will help meet the needs of suring adequate copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) lactating cows and reduce the risk of tetany. levels is important for long-term health and Mineral Supplementation for Growimmune function. ing Cattle

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B3

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

John Deere 9600 combine, 930 header, with trailer........... ............................................................................ $20,000 Freightliner FL70 with 80-ft. F&S sprayer, Cat engine, FM750 display and auto steer............................ $20,000 MacDon 960 36-ft. header, JD adapter..................... $4000 Ford New Holland 8560 tractor............................. $20,000 1986 Freightliner 3406B 13 speed....................... $10,000 1970 Chevrolet C60 tandem, 20-ft. grain box.......... $5000 H&S hi-capacity rake, 7-wheel.................................. $8000 OFFERS WELCOME Located in Roy, Montana Contact Riley Knerr (406) 366-6788 Ryan Knerr (406) 301-4333 Jess Knerr (406) 464-2138

TRACTOR FOR SALE

Case IH 9270 4WD, 7200 hours, 90% tires, excellent condition................................... $55,000

Phone (406) 788-4298

CONTINUED ON PAGE B4

USED EQUIPMENT

1995 CASE IH 8820 WINDROWER With 21-ft. draper header, super clean unit, dual sickle draper header with many parts including drapers, drive shafts and bearings. Tractor unit has hydrostatic drive, Cummins 4-cylinder engine and is fully serviced and ready to go.

CONSIGNED UNIT..................................................... $25,789

2019 CASE IH RB 565 5x6 twine/mesh baler with in-cab density control, engless belts, roller windguard, 1000 PTO, 21.5L16.1 tires. 10,129 bales on irrigated alfalfa................................................................$38,270

2022 CASE IH LB434XL 3X4 BALER Only 1128 Bales on this Like New Consignment Baler. Tandem Axle with Auto Steer, AFS Pro 700 Display, Bale Eject with Hydraulic Folding Bale Chute, Hydraulic Jack, Large Toolbox, Moisture Sensor, & Heavy Duty Pickup. New one retails for $243,461.

Owner says “Sell It Now” Priced Reduced to ....................................$139,359

2021 NEW HOLLAND BR560 ROUND BALER Twine/mesh baler that’s loaded with features and only 3652 hours. Very clean and half price of a new one....... Just $49,880

The Little Dealer With The BIG Promise.

“TO TREAT EVERY CUSTOMER LIKE WE LIKE TO BE TREATED.”

2020 CASE IH FARMALL 50A with L545 loader. MFWD tractor with only 1331 hours, 3-point hitch, 540 PTO, and one remote............. Great Buy at $25,680

2024 CASE IH R1800 Heavy duty, 15-ft. 3 section rotary mower. Built to last. Demo model. MSRP $34,211.................................MVE Price $28,473

2023 CASE IH 145 TRACTOR with L105 Case IH loader/grapple. This like new unit with only 225 hours is loaded with great equipment including 145 hp, Class IVF/axle, 3 function mid-mount valve for loader, 29.6 GPM hydraulics, 3-point hitch, 3 remotes, 540/1000 PTO, rear wheel weights, RimGuard and suspended cab.

CONSIGNED UNIT FOR...........................................$152,500 Shaver HD10 3-point post driver. Never used by previous owner. $4250

418 Main, Roundup, MT

1-888-423-2605 or 406-323-2605 Weston: 406-589-8927

Contact us at or www.musselshellvalley.com or www.caseih.com/dealers/musselshellvalley

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B4

Deadline for advertising in the May 2025 issue is WEDNESDAY, April 30th.

FINANCIN AVAIL ABLEG !

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From April 10 - May 12, 2025

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MANY MORE SIZES AVAILABLE

3 - 4” x 7’ Driver ..................$6.54 4 - 5” x 7’ Driver ................$11.57 5 - 6” x 7’ Driver ................$15.18 4 - 5” x 8’ Driver ................$13.03 5 - 6” x 8’ Driver ................$16.27 4 - 5” x 8’ Blunts ............... $12.11

4 1/4” x 16’........... $15.50 HOT BUY!!

NON-CLIMB WIRE 4’ x 100’ .................................................$155.00 5’ x 100’ ................................................$166.00 6’ x 100’ .................................................$177.00 Prices for Stock On Hand through 5/12/25

BELGRADE

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(406) 924-4802

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406-901-0517 platinumautocenter.net

ryan.manley@live.com

Sure Trac Car Hauler

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7 x 16 + 2, 7k.........................................$4545 7 x 16 + 2, 10k.......................................$5295 7 x 18 + 2, 10k.......................................$5595

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In North Dakota, there are 10 native species of milkweed, and the plant is often seen in ditches and sunny areass along with native perennials such as coneflowers. Milkweeds are flowering plants that are great pollinator plants, as they are the most important plant for monarch butterfly survival. (Pixabay photo)

The year of milkweed

By Kelsey Deckert, Horticulture agent, NDSU Extension – Burleigh County Each year the National Garden Bureau chooses plants of the year. I always look forward to which plants they pick and learning more about each plant. This year among the chosen is Asclepias or milkweed.

The genus name is derived from Asclephius, the Greek god of healing. The common name of Milkweed is due to the milky substance it exudes and there are over 100 species native to North America. In North Dakota, there are 10 native species, and they are often seen in ditches and sunny areas.

Native Americans used milkweeds to make string, rope and cloth from the stem fibers. They would also use Common Milkweed for medicinal purposes as well to treat warts and other ailments. Another historical fact is that milkweed seed floss was used to fill life preservers and other flotation devices during World War II. Today, milkweed floss is used as hypoallergenic filling in pillows and comforters.

Milkweeds are flowering plants that are great pollinator plants! They are the most important plant for monarch survival as the monarch caterpillar feeds exclusively on milkweeds. Females lay their eggs on milkweed and once hatched, the caterpillars feed on the foliage. The milky substance contains cardiac glycosides making them toxic to birds and mammals. The caterpillars become toxic and the predators leave them alone.

There are several species to explore and add to your garden, but the most common species are Common Milkweed, Swamp Milkweed, and Butterfly Weed. When adding to a garden setting, it is best to avoid Common Milkweed due to the aggression of spreading it underground through rhizomes.

It is a good choice, though, if you need erosion control and will offer whitish-purple flowers. Butterfly weed and Swamp Milkweed are better choices for containment.

Swamp Milkweed grows best in wet soil with full or partial shade and will have pink flowers. Butterfly weed tolerates dry-to-medium soil and has bright orange flowers, and unlike other milkweeds, it doesn’t have milky sap. Butterfly weed would be my personal choice for a garden just to add a bright pop of color.

Growing milkweed is easy! It can be directly seeded or added as a transplant into your garden. It establishes quickly and is a low-maintenance plant. Milkweeds are paired well with native and ornamental grasses.

What mineral to use when grazing rye or cereals?

CONTINUED FROM PAGE B3

A 4 oz mineral supplement should contain: Copper (Cu): 1,300–2,000 ppm Zinc (Zn): 2,000–3,000 ppm Conclusion Proper mineral supplementation is critical when grazing cereal rye or other small cereals. For lactating cows, ensuring adequate magnesium and calcium can prevent grass tetany.

For growing cattle, supplementing calcium and magnesium can improve gains and potentially reduce bloat risk. Adding monensin can further enhance growth performance, and including copper and zinc will help meet essential trace mineral needs. By providing a well-balanced free-choice mineral, producers can maximize cattle health and performance while grazing small cereals.

Mountain Dew Invented in the 1940s by Ally Hartman of Knoxville, it was intended as a chaser for Tennessee whiskey. The original version looked and tasted like 7-Up, but after Hartman sold the formula in 1954, a succession of new owners tinkered with it. According to one account, credit for the final version goes to William H. Jones, who bought the formula in 1961 and sold it to Pepsi three years later.

“He fixed it so it had just a little more tang to it, mainly be adding citrus flavoring and caffeine,” a business associate recalls. “He’d take little cups marked A, B, C, and D around to high schools and factories and ask people which mixture tasted best. That’s how he developed his formula.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B5

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

Montana Hereford Breeders Brownell Polled Herefords

L Bar W Cattle Company

J Bar E Ranch

406-788-3242, Pendroy, MT dave.brownell51@gmail.com

406-765-7068, Plentywood, MT

Feddes Herefords

406-240-9301, Deer Lodge, MT

406-425-2484, Absarokee, MT www.lbarw.com

K & C Herefords

Dan 406-570-1602, Manhattan, MT www.feddes.com

McMurry Cattle

Sparks Herefords

406-778-2320, Plevna, MT www.sparksherefords.com

K.L. Slagsvold Herefords 406-584-7571, Lindsay, MT

Wichman Herefords

Thomas Herefords

406-254-1247, Billings, MT www.mcmurrycattle.com

406-350-3123, Moore, MT www.wichmanherefords.com

406-544-1536, Gold Creek, MT

K.L. Slagsvold Herefords Since 1922

Performance tested bulls and heifers

For sale private treaty at the ranch Kenny Lars (406) 584-7571 cell (406) 939-0252 671 Fas 470 • Lindsay, MT 59339

RST 167Y TRUST 8132 • Reg. P43957310 Owned with Rausch Herefords

Selling Bulls old fashioned60+ way, where everyday is sale day!

Final Print - Reg 44178105 Many sons in the offering!

2/3 Homozygous Yearling and 2-year-old bulls Learn more at www.thomasherefords.com Polled Breeding soundness examined Come view our offering at any time, doing it the

by First Private Treaty year breeding season guarantee

RICHARD AND SHIRLEY I BRUCE AND TAMMY • 406-544-1536 bruce@thomasherefords.com I GOLD CREEK, MT 59733

Volume discount Free delivery within Montana

McMURRY CATTLE

Selling 80+ Bulls (yearling and 2-year-old) and 60+ Females by Private Treaty Learn more at www.thomasherefords.com RICHARD AND SHIRLEY | BRUCE AND TAMMY • 406-544-1536 | KURT AND JESSICA • 406-239-5113 bruce@thomasherefords.com | P.O. BOX 330012 | GOLD CREEK, MT 59733

Added Genetic Balance Trait And Carcass Value ONLY THE BEST SELL Private Treaty Bull Sales Fred & Doreen McMurry 2027 Iris Lane Billings, MT 59102 Phone 406-254-1247 Cell 406-697-4040

Yearling Bulls & Heifers For Sale Private Treaty

Look us up on Facebook

See: www.mcmurrycattle.com

Cory & Keesha Dutton Deer Lodge, MT 406-240-9301 dutton.cory@gmail.com

for videos and information about bulls available for 2025

mcmurrycattle@gmail.com

Brownell Polled Herefords Pendroy, Montana

BULLS FOR SALE These bulls are red necks.

6M

4M Bull Tag# 4M 6M

Birth Date 2-3-24 2-9-24

Birth Weight 92 85

Wean Weight 869 760

Wean Date 10-8-24 10-8-24

Off Test Final Date Weight 2-8-25 1418 2-8-25 1390 5M is sold

WT per day WT per day WT on on test of age 3/17/25 3.39 3.22 1418 3.28 3.05 1390

“Heterosis calves weigh more at weaning” Free delivery first 400 miles.

Call or text: Dave Brownell (406) 788-3242 dave.brownell51@gmail.com

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B6

low boy service

##### In 1928 Peter Pan becomes the first branded peanut butter. Receiving a license for his creative churning process from inventor Joseph L. Rosenfeld, Peter Pan makes its name on the market. This is followed only a few years later by Rosenfeld’s own brand, Skippy.

Beef 201

University of Idaho’s beef team is accepting applications for another multi-day workshop tailored toward helping the region’s beginning ranchers succeed.

Beef 201: Beginning Rancher Development is scheduled for May 19-21 in Moscow, funded with a three-year, $479,000 grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture. It follows beginningrancher workshops hosted on campus through the grant last May and July.

“We’re trying to serve beginning farmers and ranchers in the and Northwest help them kick off their business over as a o Livestock, wildlife, eventohoney bees prefer Sainfoin montanaseeds.com rancher or just help them to expand or improve their profitmontanaseeds@gmail.com Alfalfa dealers are despartely trying to get the condensed tan ability,” said Phil Bass, associate professor of meat science Montanaseeds.com Alfalfa and usewho high pressure salesprincipal to convince you to grow A serves as the grant’s investigator. montanaseeds@gmail.com (Webster’s Dictionary) In response to participants’ feedback, the upcoming workmontanaseeds.com shop will explore cattle breeding, and genetics more Sainfoin leaves naturally contain tannins,health allowing the protein montanaseeds@gmail.com in-depth than last year’s workshops.

Ranchers who particied instead of excreted.

• Rocky Mountain Remont pated in one of the 2024 workshops are encouraged to attend this spring, as the content shouldn’t be duplicative. The name • Delaney Sanfoin’s palability and digestibility provides return per Beef 201 references the workshop beingmore in its second year • Shoshone rather than the level of difficulty, which should be comparable to Alfalfa. Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed or hayed gives produ the initial two workshops in 2024.

• NON BLOAT to best utilize with it’sDr.benefits in your operation.

• NATURALLY GLYPHOSATE TOLERANT Lauren Christensen, a licensed veterinarian and assisons:• APHID & WEEVIL RESISTANT tant professor specializing in mixed practice production mediFOIN ALFALFA cine, will present for nearly a full day on livestock health.

Growing best practices: While last year’s workshops included intensive training in me • Legume beef establishes fabrication, thatitself portion will be scaled back, encompassBloat • Bloat • Sainfoin without a cover crop. ing basic identification of popular retail cuts. vil & Aphid Resistant • Weevil Problem • Best if not mixed withhasother plantstosuch “Beef fabrication the tendency draw as thebarley crowd in.or w wildlife, and even honey bees prefer Sainfoin over other forages. mal LossLivestock, Protein • Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein They’reper veryacre curious, it’s not or really helping their Alfalfa dealers are despartely trying to get the condensed tannins in their 30 pounds forbut dryland 1 cutting, 40 busipoun Alfalfa and use high pressure sales toFertilizer convince youExpense to grow Alfalfa.

Fertilizer Expense • Hefty ness,” Bass said. “We need to back off on the meat so we can for irrigated or multi-cuts. leaves naturally contain tannins, allowing protein to be digestp WeedSainfoin Control • Expensive Weedthe Control focus more on the raising of the cattle.” b ed instead of excreted.

• Seed in The fallcost or of spring when ismoisture will be held to t the workshop $20 and will include lunches, No Gas • Methane Gas (Bloat) bor Go Green Pink Sanfoin’s And palability and digestibility provides more wildlife, return pereven tonhoney compared Livestock, and bees prefer Sainfoin over2025 other forages. $2.75/lb. if purchased before April 1, t snacks and beverages.

Participants also receive tools to use to Alfalfa.

Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed or hayed gives producers options Alfalfa dealers are despartely trying to get the condensed tannins in their • Seed 3/4 of an inch deep or less. of Production • Complicated Production Pollution Less, Save Energy to best utilize it’s benefits in your operation.

Alfalfa and use high pressure sales to convince you to grow Alfalfa. on their ranches, such as halters, sorting sticks and thermomReasons: “Healthy, Wholesome Fodder ” Seed Cost • High Seed Cost Livestock, wildlife, and even honey bees • Hay/graze when neararefull bloom.

Sainfoin leaves naturally contain tannins, allowing the protein to be digesteters. Scholarships available to help participants cover Growing best practices: prefer Sainfoin over other forages. High• Enhancement Non-GMO Legume Rocky Mountain Remont• - •$1.50/lb ed instead of excreted.

Stand Expensive Stand Replacement • Sainfoin establishes itself without a cover crop. mileage, hotels and other travel costs. lybarley digestible and a higher sugar content - with $2.00/lb • Best ifDelaney not other plants such aspalability or digestibility wheat. provides more return per ton compared • NoShoshone Bloat • mixed Low Seed Cost Sanfoin’s and Palatability • Less Palatability The team planned to host a single multi-day workshop Protein Price on request 30 pounds per acre for dryland or 1 40 pounds per acre Sainfoin the oredge Alfalfa. to cutting, Alfalfa.gives Sanfoin’s ability to be grazed hayed over gives producers options • Alfalfa Weevil for irrigated orResistant multi-cuts. toProduction best utilize it’s benefits in your operation.

Pollen Production • Less Pollen in May last year but opted to aFsecond oneinforma in July Reasons: or more Sainfoin leaves naturally contain conA schedule • Seed in fall or spring when moisture will be held to the seed.

N A T based on demand.

Bass also anticipates hosting a second, SAINFOIN ALFALFA • Cheap Weed Control N or Produced at 60°3/4 F of an inch• deep Nectar Produced at F • Seed or less. densed tannins, allowing the protein to Growing best 90° practices: MO • Legume • Legume • Hay/graze when near full bloom. multi-day workshop this summer, if demand necessitates it.

Rollie Schlep • Non Bloat • Bloat • Sainfoin establishes itself without aof cover crop.

• Highly Digestible be digested instead excreted. oney Producer • Less Honey Production • Weevil & Aphid Resistant • Weevil Problem S • Best if not mixed with other plants such as barley or wheat.

E Participants inE Beef opportunity to have DS201 will have the 406-788-9556 Growing practices: Minimal Loss Protein • Losses of 1/4-1/3 of Digestible Protein • Highest 30 pounds per acrebest for call dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds per acre For more information, ble ••Harvest Dates Palatabilty • Short Window A N A Harvest Little Fertilizer Expense • Hefty Fertilizer Expense soil and forage samples from their operations analyzed, and MONT for irrigated or multi-cuts.

• Seeding rate: 30 pounds per acre for Schlepp • Cheap Weed Control Expensive Weed Control evity Established•• Honey Stand E•EProducer Short Term Rollie Productivity •ofExcellent • Seed in fall or spring when moisture will be held to the seed. or D • Little or No Gas Methane GasS(Bloat) S 406-788-9556 experts from the meat science team will be available to travel dryland or 1 cutting, 40 pounds per acre • Ease of Production • Complicated Production or • Seed 3/4 of an inch deep or less.

• Low Seed Cost • High Seed Cost • Hay/graze when near full bloom. to their individual operations and make assessments. for irrigated or multi-cuts.

Montana Seeds Inc. office MontanaNew Seed • Easy Stand Enhancement • Expensive Stand Replacement 406-278-9951 ranchers may also be paired with experienced mentors in • High Palatability • Less Palatability • Good Pollen Production • Less Pollen Production For more information,call call 406-278-9951 For more ANA information, the industry.

• Nector Produced at 60° F • Nectar Produced at 90° F MONT Rollie Schlepp • #1 Honey Producer • Less Honey Production SEEDS Additional grant funding has been used to purchase teachRollie Schlepp406-788-9556 406-788-9556 • Flexible Harvest Dates • Short Harvest Window www.montanaseeds.com • Longevity of Established Stand • Short Term Productivity or ing tools and props, such as a replica cow used to demonstrate Montana Seeds Inc. office fetal dystocia, which occurs when abnormal fetal size or 406-278-9951 www.montanaseeds.com positioning complicates delivery.

The grant is also funding several smaller same-day workshops throughout the Northwest.

Looking ahead, Bass hopes to use grant funding to hire a leading business management school for ranchers, Ranching for Profit, to host a two-day in May of 2026. Ranching for Profit would be offered on campus within the college’s forthcoming Meat Science and Innovation Center Honoring Ron Richard. The state-of-the-art abattoir is currently under construction.

As You Get Ready For Spring Work, U of I’s Beef 201 team also includes meat science AssociRemember That Torgerson is Here For ate Professor Michael Colle, UI Extension educators Jessie Van Buren, Meranda Small, Audra Cochran and Brett Wilder.

All Your Parts and Service Needs!

40-ton RGN trailer for hire to transport combines, tractors, sprayers, floaters, construction equipment, etc.

Within Montana & surrounding states.

We also have 48-ft. step deck trailers available.

Pilot car service available.

Insured & experienced.

Call Roger at Roger Rader Inc., Sun River, MT 406-264-5475 or 406-799-5162 (Roger’s Cell) (MC# 170263 US DOT# 128029)

o Green And Pink

llution Less, Save Energy

ealthy, Wholesome Fodder ”

cky Mountain Remont - $1.50/lb Delaney - $2.00/lb Shoshone - Price on request

’s Dictionary)

(Webster’s Dictionary)

National Dolphin Day View our website for more information:

www.torgersonsequipment.com Belgrade 406.388.8500 Billings Agriculture 406.252.8614 Billings Construction 406.259.5500 East Helena 406.393-0007 Ethridge 406.434.2222

Gillette, WY 307.682.9742 Glasgow 406.228.4311 Great Falls 406.453.1453 Havre 406.265.5887 Hysham 406.342.5571

Torgerson’s Equipment Creating a better life together!

Kalispell 406.407.7230 Lewistown 406.538.8795 Missoula 406.543.7782 Powell, WY 307.271.1112

Always observed on April 14th Flipper, the TV dolphin, would be so proud to know that this day is in honor of him and his fellow aquatic friends. He was the star of a television show bearing his name. Flipper, the heroic dolphin, debuted on September 19, 1964, and ran through 1967.

But, this special day is not just about Flipper. It is about all dolphins. While we think of them as fish, dolphins are actually mammals. They are friendly and intelligent. Dolphins are easily trained to do a variety of things and readily interact with humans. They live in shallow waters and continental shelves, leading to frequent sitings and human contact. Growing from 4 to 30 feet long, their main diet is fish and squid.

We are surprised that this is called a “National” day, as there are many dolphin-themed events and educational programs around the world on this day. It seems like everyone around the world loves dolphins. So, this would be better titled as an international day.

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* Prices subject to stock on hand

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B7

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Contact Dave Taylor: 1-406-357-2166

Chinook, MT

Home Phone - 406-357-2162 Highway 2 West, Chinook, MT 1/2 mile west of Chinook

LOADS OF TRAILERS COMING IN EVERY WEEK! CALL FOR MORE INFO! IN STOCK

NEW DIAMOND C & DOOLITTLE Bumper Pull Tilt Trailers

NEW

STOCK TRAILERS

20-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7000 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, one center gate, bull package..........$16,995 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7200 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package ...$18,595 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7200 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package, brush fenders.............................................................................................................$18,995 20-ft. • 22-ft. & 24-ft. with 7000 lb., 8000 lb. & 10,000 lb. axles 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7000 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package..........$17,995 Diamond C 20-ft. full tilt, 82” wide, 14,900 GVW..............$11,895 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 8000 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package.....$19,595 Diamond C 22-ft. 6+16, partial tilt, 14,900 GVW, 82” wide...$12,495

Doolittle 20-ft. 4+16, partial tilt, 82” wide, 14,000 GVW.....$10,395

New Knapheide

12-ft. 3” flatbed with stake sides, headache rack

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Diamond C low profile, scissor lift trailer, 12-ft.x77”, tread plate floor, 7000 lb. axles, 16” tires...........................................................$5995

NEW DIAMOND C Low Profile Dump Trailers with tarps

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LPD 210 12-ft. gooseneck with (2) 10,000 lb. axles...............................$24,595 LPD 207 14-ft. gooseneck with (2) 7000 lb. axles..................................$16,995 LPT 207 14-ft. bumper pull with (2) 7000 lb. axles, telescopic hoist......$15,995

CIRCLE D

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A level bed when you don’t

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LOOK enclosed trailers in stock COMPANION™ 5th WHEEL RV HITCH

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GOOSENECK TRAILERS

Diamond C 30-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps............................ $21,995 Diamond C 32-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps............................ $22,495 Doolittle 32-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................ $18,495 Circle D 31-ft. 2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................... $16,995 Circle D 31-ft., (3) 7000 lb. axles, Max ramps.................................... $15,995 Doolittle 30-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................ $17,995 Circle D 29-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps................................. $15,595 Circle D 25-ft., (2) 7000 lb. torsion axles, Max ramps........................ $12,995 Diamond C 28-ft., (3) 7000 lb. axles, Low Profile tilt trailer................ $18,995 Diamond C 26-ft., (2) 7000 lb. axles, full tilt....................................... $15,595

Fuel Hog 750 gallon, 5200 lb. axles............................... $9800

2010 Hillsboro 22-ft. gooseneck, tilt bed

$6800

See us for your HydraBed needs!

NEW BUMPER PULL UTILITY TRAILERS

• 5-ft. x 8-ft. to 83” x 14-ft.

Large Trailer Parts Inventory!

Axles • Springs • Lights • Fenders • Straps • Tie-downs • Jacks • Bearings & Seals • Etc.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B8

The DEADLINE for advertising in May 2025 issue is Wednesday, April 30th.

##### Almost all flu viruses first infect chickens, then pigs, and then spread to humans, multating along the way.

But the chicken flu of 1997 made medical news because it jumped directly from birds to humans, bypassing pigs.

WANT TO BUY Good track rails for Allis Chalmers 5 or 6 or would consider complete tractor.

Phone (208) 669-2787

Johnsen Trailer Sales, Inc. Serving the Trucking Industry Since 1959

Quality Built Quality Sold

2100 Industrial Drive Bismarck, ND 58502 701-255-0480 • 800-472-2649

3631 38th Street SW Fargo, ND 58106 701-282-3790 • 800-246-3790

Visit us at: www.johnsentrailer.com

2021 Wilson 29-ft. lead trailer, 25-ft. 6” pup with air operated expandable draw bar. Disc brakes on the set!

2023 Wilson lead & pup, 41x102x78 lead, 21x102x78 pup, both air ride, disc brakes, electric tarp on the lead.

2021 Wilson lead & pup, gun metal gray, lead trailer is 42x96x78, pup is 20x96x78. Both trailers have Ag hoppers, electric traps and tarps.

2021 Wilson 50x96x72 triple axle, ag hoppers, electric tarp, rear axle lift.

2020 Wilson 48x102x72 triple axle, ag hoppers, hydro traps, eletric tarp, rear axle lift.

2020 Wilson 41x96x72 tandem air ride, ag hoppers, stainless rear end.

2017 Wilson livestock trailer, quad axle, 53-ft., 19-ft. rear, 11-6” nose, 22-6” belly, crank up nose deck.

2009 Merritt quad axle livestock trailer.

1993 Wilson 48-ft. livestock trailer, tandem spring ride, nice clean trailer with good floors.

2008 Side Dump Industries side dump, triple axle, air ride.

2023 Wilson lead & pup, 41x102x79 lead trailer, 21x102x79 pup trailer. Very nice trailers.

2018 Wilson 50x96x72 tri axle with rear axle lift electric tarp, reverse front trap, stainless steel front and rear.

Very clean trailer!!!

View our website for more photos and information on all of our trailers.

www.johnsentrailer.com

INTRODUCING

SALTON SUPREME SALT TOLERANT ALFALFA

!

W E It’s N

Alan Greenway Seedsman

est One of the B t Salt Toleran rket the Ma Alfalfas on

“Modern Forages Sold Nationwide And Canada”

Over 50 Years Experience

Greenway Seeds Caldwell, ID Alan Greenway 208-250-0159 (cell) 208-454-8342 (message)

G R E E N WAY S E E D S w w w. g r e e n w a y s e e d . c o m

Warehouses in Caldwell, ID and Deerfield, WI

Grant to advance Lyme disease research

By Reagan Cotton, MSU News Service Funding from the National Institutes of Health will allow a Montana State University research team to deepen explorations into a disease that is posing an increasing threat in the U.S. Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted by ticks, and nearly 90,000 cases in the U.S. were reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2023. The most prevalent tick-borne disease in the Northern hemisphere, it can be passed from ticks to other animals, such as mice or deer, or to humans via tick bites, and can cause long-lasting syndromes for those who become infected.

While Lyme disease has historically been found mostly in the northeastern United States, climate change has expanded the geographic range where infected ticks are found to include North Dakota and other Western states.

“It’s made its way all the way from the East Coast,” said Patrick Secor, an associate professor in MSU’s Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology in the College of Agriculture. “Vaccination does work for Lyme disease, and that’s where we’re hoping to come in.”

While previous Lyme disease vaccines have proved effective, Secor said, most versions require frequent boosters, making them less effective if people don’t receive them as often as they should. Secor’s lab will use an NIH grant of $2.8 million over five years to study adaptations in the bacterium that causes Lyme disease, aiming to better illuminate how it circumvents its host’s immune system to establish infection.

That disease-causing bacterium, called Borrelia burgdorferi, is itself the host to viruses called bacteriophages. Viruses are one of the most abundant biological entities on Earth, said Secor, and the bacteriophages that infect B. burgdorferi may serve an important role in disease development. The bacteriophages transfer genetic material between bacterial strains to disguise the bacteria’s presence and make reinfection possible in a host that has already been exposed. Secor published research last year in the journal PLOS Pathogens that outlined genomic analysis of bacteriophages, exploring how they move genetic material.

“If you think about the mice that are the reservoir species for Borrelia and the ticks that are the vector, those populations are pretty geographically constrained,” said Secor.

“For the bacteria to survive, they have to go back and forth between the tick and the mouse. But the mouse they go back into has probably already been exposed, so the bacterium needs to essentially change its spots so that it can avoid the mouse’s immune response. That’s why we think it’s important for these bacteria to swap genes around.”

Genetic analysis has established that the viral genomes in the Borrelia bacteria were around 95% identical, but they include a variable region that encodes proteins that vary how the bacteria appear to the host’s immune system. Secor’s team will investigate which genetic material is being swapped between bacterial strains by the phages with the aim of discovering more effective targets for Lyme disease treatments.

“We want to see which strains get through the immune system. It’s like a bottleneck,” Secor said. “The stuff that gets through is important. It allows the bacteria to get around the immune system and establish an infection, so it’s a way for us to use biology to point toward new things like vaccine antigens for Lyme disease.”

Secor was born and raised in the Gallatin Valley and received both his undergraduate and doctoral degrees from MSU. After postdoctoral research at the University of Washington in Seattle, he established a lab at the University of Montana that transitioned to be housed at MSU last fall semester.

For the NIH-supported work, Secor and assistant professor Reetika Chaurasia will collaborate with Scott Samuels, a Lyme disease scientist at UM, and with UM’s Center for Translational Medicine, to apply their findings to the development of more effective Lyme disease therapies and treatments. The work will involve numerous undergraduate and graduate student researchers, and for Secor, continuing his scientific career at his alma mater has already proven to be fulfilling.

“One of my favorite things about the department is that I can walk down the hall and interact with other faculty or students in other labs, and the same is true for my students,” he said. “There’s a tight sense of community here, and that’s something that I really enjoy.”

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B9

FLAMAN RENTALS Ag Equipment Rentals & Sales

Livestock Management: Manure Spreader Post Pounder Portable Squeeze chute/alley/tub combo

Cass County 4-H Senior Consumer Decision Making team: (left to right) Grace Burchill, West Fargo; Nora Severance, Hunter; Coach Rita Ussatis; Jack Kram, Fargo; Greta Olsen, Amenia (NDSU photo)

North Dakota 4-H team places eighth in national competition

Construction

Equipment Rentals

Mini-Excavator Mini or Maxi Trackhoe 40' Telescoping Manli� Skid Steer plus attachments:

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We make hydraulic hoses!

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406-467-3454 - Power

406-450-1064 - Conrad 406-467-3454 - Power

The North Dakota 4-H Consumer Decision Making team from Cass County Greta Olsen was named High Individual Overall in La�nAndSons.com for more equipment the contest. (NDSU photo) participated in the 2025 4-H Family and Consumer Sciences National Championship and Conference on January 1518. Teams representing 13 states competed at the event in San Antonio, Texas.

The Consumer Decision Making Contest educates youth about making better consumer choices. This year’s consumer classes were athletic wear, dental products, invitations, event venues, fast food and coffee brewing. The team competed in class placings, oral reasons and a group think activity.

Members of the Cass County team were Greta Olsen from Amenia, Grace Burchill from West Fargo, Jack Kram from Fargo and Nora Severance from Hunter.

The team placed eighth overall. Olsen earned the highest overall individual score in the nation and placed second in the placings category and fifth in the oral reasons category.

“My teammates and I got together a couple of times a month to practice and improve our skills, and havFollowing CoAXium stewardship guidelines protects this year’s wheat harvest, reduces the weed seed bank and safeguards the tool that gives you unprecedented ing such a dedicated team control over cheatgrass, feral rye and other yield-robbing grassy weeds. encouraged me to focus and push myself harder,” says Maximize yield and prevent herbicide resistance: Olsen. “Earning the title of • Plant Certified seed national champion will for• Spray with labeled rates of Aggressor AX ever be a highlight.”

• Rotate CoAXium with other crops and/or herbicide modes of action The North Dakota 4-H Foundation sponsored the team for the national contest.

Stewardship Reporting Hotline Consumer Decision Mak1-855-DO RIGHT | ProtectCoAXium.com ing is one of the many educational events sponsored Driven by Aggressor® Herbicides and Aggressor® are trademarks of Albaugh, LLC. through the North Dakota Refer to the Aggressor® AX product label for complete directions and instructions. Aggressor® AX EPA Reg. No. 45002-513 AD120222N 4-H program. 4-H is the youth education program of NDSU Extension.

There are no shortcuts

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B10

FOR SALE

12-ft. John Deere grain drill................................$1050 12-ft. Schafer disk..............................................$2500 12-ft. Melroe chisel plow with sweeps & chisels.$3500 12-ft. Brillion roller harrow..................................$3750 John Deere 3020 diesel tractor with front mounted HD 10 post pounder and 8-ft. terracer blade on the 3-pt...............................................................$12,500

Call (406) 250-0687, Circle, MT

Protect your crops with

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ader L le TS L S EL RTS

eDrive Coming for John Deere & Case Sprayers!!

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* Complete Spray Truck assembly * Truck Frame work * Hydraulic work * Welding of steel, aluminum, stainless steel 2013 Sprayflex sprayer, 120-ft. boom, 1300 gallon tank, 2004 International 4300 truck, * Machining - lathe work (18”x80”) and milling Henke Enterprises Inc. offersfloater tires .......................................$59,900 Custom built wheels forassembly floaters & etc.

- Powder ** Complete Spray Truck * Truck FrameCoated work * Crane truck work 50-ft. of height Sprayflex sprayer, 120-ft. boom, 1300 2012 International 7400 with 120-ft. sprayer ... * Hydraulic work * Welding of steel, aluminum, stainless steel 2013 * Electronic testing and repairs gallon tank, 2004 International 4300 truck, * Machining - lathe work (18”x80”) and milling ...............................................................

Call Henke Inc. offers* Over 20 yearsEnterprises experience with Marflex-SprayFlex sprayers floater tires .......................................$59,900 * Custom built wheels for floaters & etc.

Powder Coated * Complete * Truck Frame 2009 John Deere 4930 **EDRIVE sprayer new * All sprayers Spray testedTruck on ourassembly irrigated and dryland farmwork Crane *truck workof50-ft. height stainless steel 2012 2013 Sprayflex sprayer, 120-ft. boom, 1300 * Hydraulic *work Welding steel,ofaluminum, International 7400 with 120-ft. sprayer ... electric drive conversion 120-ft. booms ........ * Electronic testing and repairsand milling gallon tank, 2004 International 4300 truck, * Machining - lathe work (18”x80”) ...............................................................

Call .......................................................$169,900 MARFLEX SPRAYER PARTS AVAILABLE * Over 20 years experience Marflex-SprayFlex floater tires .......................................$59,900 * Custom built wheels forwith floaters & etc. - Powdersprayers Coated 2009 John Deere 4930 **EDRIVE sprayer new * All sprayers *tested on our work irrigated dryland farm truck 50-ft.and of height 2012 International 7400 with 120-ft. sprayer ContactCrane your authorized dealer electric drive conversion 120-ft. booms ........... * Electronic testing and repairs ............................................................... Call .......................................................$169,900 PARTS AVAILABLE * Over 20 SPRAYER years with Marflex-SprayFlex sprayers Henke,MARFLEX Chester, MTexperience • 406-759-5877 or cell 406-799-2616 email: grain@ttc-cmc.net 2009 John Deere 4930 **EDRIVE sprayer new * All sprayers tested on our irrigated and dryland farm

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Growth Through Agriculture grant awardees

Director Jillien Streit and the Agriculture Development Council announced recipients of the state’s $915,360 investment in innovative, value-added agriculture projects through the Montana Department of Agriculture’s Growth Through Agriculture (GTA) program.

From Opheim to Stevensville, a total of 25 agricultural businesses throughout the state were awarded funds to advance Montana’s agricultural economy.

“MDA’s Growth Through Agriculture program has gained serious momentum because it focuses solely on giving our agricultural businesses an opportunity to grow and expand.

These awards are often that extra boost that takes a business or operation to the next level,” said Montana Director of Agriculture Jillien Streit. “The Department of Agriculture is proud to invest in these innovative projects that will add value to Montana agriculture as well as contribute to economic development and local communities.”

The GTA program was established by the Montana Legislature in 1987 to strengthen and diversify Montana’s agriculture industry through development of new agricultural products and processes.

The GTA program offers funding in the form of a grant or loan or both and funding is determined by a seven member Agriculture Development Council during scheduled meetings. The Council members are appointed by the Governor.

Growth Through Agriculture funding requires the investment of at least a $1 in matching funds for every $1 in program grant or loan assistance received.

2025 GROWTH THROUGH AGRICULTURE AWARDS DAJ Ventures LLC dba Missouri River Meats – Great Falls, MT. $50,000 grant “Missouri River Meats Federally Inspected Commercial Kitchen” Montana Premium Processing Cooperative – Havre, MT. $50,000 grant “Montana Premium Processing Cooperative Cooler Expansion Project for Increased Capacity, Value Added Aging Flexibility, Redundancy, and Employee Hire Growth” Deer Creek Meats – Glendive, MT. $18,894.50 grant “Deer Creek Meats Distribution Expansion” Missoula Grain and Vegetable Co LLC – Stevensville, MT. $42,502 grant “Expanding the Scale of Sales & Distribution of Montana-grown Vegetables, Fruits, & Other Whole Foods Through an Online Store and Winter CSA Program” Flocking Good Farms – Big Sandy, MT. $25,000 grant “Strengthening Montana’s Food System: Expanding Poultry Operations and Rural Access” Everyday Foods – Red Lodge, MT. $18,500 grant “Wholesale Bakery/Retail Expansion in Red Lodge: connecting local food infrastructure to consumers, scaling artisanal sourdough baking production and increasing desirable local jobs” Coyote Smile Farm LLC – Charlo, MT. $15,500 grant “Coyote Smile Farm Garlic Cleaning Efficiency Improvement Project” The Rancher’s Daughter Montana LLC – Kalispell, MT. $42,500 grant “The Rancher’s Daughter Farm to Table Retail Store Expansion” Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes – Pablo, MT. $50,000 grant “Expanding Zero-Waste Solutions for CSKT Meat Processing Facility and the Flathead Reservation” Value Add Montana LLC – Bozeman, MT. $18,500 grant “Equipment, refrigeration and promotion of local tallow rendering business” Fundamental Feed Montana LLC – Kasson, MN. $50,000 grant “Sainfoin: revitalizing Montana’s rural economy with the forage of the future.”

Cherrywood Orchard – Bigfork, MT. $15,604 grant “Cherrywood Value Added Processing and Equipment Investment” North Frontier Farms Inc – Shonkin, MT. $33,500 grant “Color sorter for high-antioxidant black/purple corn seed and food production” North of Nowhere Farm LLC – Opheim, MT. $15,125 grant “Expanding Value-Added Production in Northeast Montana - Beef Jerky for School Backpack Programs” Tongue River Vineyard & Winery LLC – Miles City, MT. $13,201.62 grant “Canning a ‘Totally Montanan’ Wine” Beaverhead Meats – Dillon, MT. $50,000 grant “Beaverhead Meats Expansion Plan Proposal” Bainville Meats – Bainville, MT. $17,500 grant “State Certification Expansion” Sun Ag Power Corp – Bozeman, MT. $20,325 grant “Increasing MT Farmer Viability Through Solar Development” Farmer Meets Foodie LLC – Havre, MT. $23,400.51 grant “Farmer Meets Foodie Expansion Project” CONTINUED ON PAGE B11

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B11

The deadline for advertising in the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

CROPLAN ALFALFA. HERE TO STAY. ®

Natalie Kerfoot from Sunburst had a great session on, “Healing Happens” at Montana’s Next Generation Conference in Shelby and noted the many risk factors for mental health challenges in Montana agriculture.

Photo by Kari Lewis.

Growth Through Agriculture grant awardees CONTINUED FROM PAGE B10

Conservation Grains LLC – Choteau, MT. $5,792.50 grant “Grain--Moving & Storing to Achieve 5 YR Growth Plan” Ten Mile Distilling LLC dba Gulch Distillers – Helena, MT. $25,000 grant “Gulch Distillers Factory Expansion and Tasting Room Relocation” Valhalla Meadery – Bozeman, MT. $20,375 grant “Valhalla Meadery Business Expansion” Treasure State Sires LLC – Havre, MT. $50,000 grant and $100,000 loan “Purchase of equipment and supplies for boar stud barn” Amaltheia Organic Dairy LLC – Belgrade, MT. $94,140 loan “Increasing Regional Access to Montana Goat Milk” Hay Montana LLC – Toston, MT. $50,000 loan “Hay MT Manufacturing & Export”

With Dairyland and Pioneer alfalfa saying goodbye, you might be looking for a new alfalfa seed to try. CROPLAN alfalfa is committed to offering high-end germplasm loaded with the latest trait technology for alfalfa growers.

See your leading crop input retailer and ask for CROPLAN seed today.

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©2025 WinField United. CROPLAN® is a registered trademark of WinField United.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B12

TRUCK FOR SALE

2015 Peterbilt 388 ISX 500 hp, 18 speed, deleted, wet kit, good rubber. Low miles....................................... $75,000 Phone (406) 253-1001

AIR DRILL FOR SALE

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Montana State veterinary student receives selective AVMA scholarship

By Reagan Cotton, MSU News Service of the highlights of the unique regional Thanks to a scholarship from the Ameriprogram. can Veterinary Medical Association, Mon“It’s been so wonderful, and one of the tana State veterinary student McKenna big reasons why I suggest it to people is the Quirk is one step closer to her goal of servcommunity that it offers,” she said. “We do ing rural communities. everything together. The professors know Quirk, who grew up in Wyoming and us all by name, and they’ll check in if it later moved to Missoula, graduated from doesn’t seem like you understand someMSU with a degree in microbiology in thing. They’ll come up and talk to you and 2024. She began her studies in the WIMU take a minute to check in and see if there’s Regional Program in Veterinary Medicine anything they can do help you. That made last fall and received the American Vetthe transition from undergrad to veterinary erinary Medical Foundation’s $2,000 Rex school much easier for me.”

Anderson Memorial Scholarship, which Quirk has witnessed firsthand the imsupports student travel to the organization’s portance of rural veterinarians in both annual Veterinary Leadership Conference Wyoming and Montana. She has shadowed that Quirk attended in Chicago in January. veterinarians at Skyline Veterinary Hospital “Rex Anderson was a veterinarian here and Intermountain Veterinary Hospital in in Montana, and he was very involved with Belgrade, calling the experiences instruthe AVMA, particularly in their governing mental to her success. body, as a representative from the state of “Growing up in Wyoming, our veterinarMontana,” said Quirk. “I got the chance to ian was a cornerstone of the community. meet many of his colleagues and fellow delI’ve also seen that working at Intermountain egates, and every time he came up, they’d and Skyline,” she said. “The veterinarians say, ‘Rex would be so proud of you, proud are working so closely with local producers that his legacy is bringing vet students to the and people in the community to make sure AVMA and showing them what organized that their animals, both large and small, are veterinary medicine leadership looks like.’ healthy, which is key to the welfare of the It meant so much to me.” community. That overall community welAt the conference, Quirk attended profesfare aspect of a rural practice is something sional development sessions on topics like that I am really passionate about. I want to communication and empathy, as well as go to a community and provide that service meetings where AVMA members discussed and support.” the most recent veterinary research and curShe noted that mentors at MSU have rent issues. helped her through both her undergraduate It wasn’t Quirk’s first experience atstudies and now her veterinary coursework. tending a professional conference; last Bimczok, who oversaw her undergraduate year, she was one of 17 MSU students to research, is a WIMU faculty member, and attend the National Conference on UnderDr. Garrett Ryerson, one of the program’s graduate Research, one of the country’s anatomy instructors, created unique opporpremier gatherings of students conducting tunities for Quirk’s honors thesis during her high-level research at universities across senior year. the nation. There, she presented work she When Quirk served as a teaching assishad done alongside Dr. Diane Bimczok of tant for Ryerson’s undergraduate domestic the College of Agriculture’s Department of animal anatomy class, he suggested she reMicrobiology and Cell Biology studying search how students best mastered a course Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, or M. ovi., a known for its complexity and extensive bacterial infection in sheep that can cause memorization. Quirk tracked student quiz damaging losses for producers. It can also scores and compared them to the study be transmitted to bighorn sheep, where it methods they’d used. Ryerson, she said, can lead to lethal pneumonia. The Bimczok helped to tailor her TA role so she could get lab is investigating the disease itself as well the most value from it, and he allowed her as treatment and prevention options to help to hone her own teaching skills. sheep farmers increase productivity and Ryerson said Quirk has been a singularly herd health while protecting Montana’s driven, passionate and invested student bighorn sheep. throughout her time at MSU. For her research in the Bimczok lab, “McKenna has consistently demonQuirk was awarded a summer research strated an exceptional level of dedication, fellowship from the Washington State Unicuriosity and leadership through her time versity College of Veterinary Medicine. The at MSU,” he said. “Her ability to connect two will continue research on the developwith peers, faculty and mentors speaks to ment and evaluation of a new vaccine for her passion for veterinary medicine and her M. ovi. commitment to lifelong learning. Whether “I have greatly enjoyed working with in research, coursework or mentorship McKenna on her undergraduate research roles, she has approached these opportuniand more recently as a WIMU student,” ties with enthusiasm and a desire to make said Bimczok. “McKenna is an excellent a meaningful impact. It has been a pleasure student and a talented experimentalist who to watch her grow in the profession, and I has a contagious enthusiasm for veterinary have no doubt she will continue to excel as medicine and research. I am excited to work she moves forward in her veterinary career.” with her on our new M. ovi vaccine project As she prepares to leave MSU for the this summer.” final three years of veterinary school, Quirk After this year, Quirk and the rest of her said she feels well prepared by both her re15-student cohort will complete the next search experience and the community supthree years of their veterinary studies at port she’s found in Bozeman. Her WIMU Washington State University in Pullman. cohort brings together students of various The WIMU program – named for the four ages and from numerous career paths, all states it serves, Washington, Idaho, Mondrawn by a desire to serve animals and the tana and Utah – allows students to begin people who care for them. their studies in their home states before It is a tight-knit group that she said has coalescing into a larger class group for their forged lasting bonds. later coursework. Quirk said knowing that “Everyone says your first year of vet she and her classmates will move as a group of friends and colleagues to Pullman is one CONTINUED ON PAGE B13

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B13

Pasture considerations when leasing ground

Advertising Deadline for the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th. Call (406) 271-5533 to place your ad.

By Shannon Sand, UNL When leasing pastureland, here are some crucial factors to think about prior to signing a leasing agreement.

1. Animal Care & Natural Disasters – Clarify who is responsible for animals, especially during emergencies like fires, hail, or drought. The lease should outline disaster response plans to avoid confusion and ensure quick action.

2. Fencing – Define responsibilities for fence maintenance, including who covers material costs, labor, and any spending limits. Landowners typically provide fences in good condition at the lease’s start.

3. Water Supply – Determine who manages water supply and what happens if the well runs dry, particularly during drought conditions.

Additional Considerations: Address topics such as: • Eastern red cedar control • Noxious weed management • Fertilizer use • Grazing practices • Catch pen and corral upkeep • Seeding or reseeding • Erosion control Clearly defining responsibilities upfront helps prevent disputes. Generally, tenants provide labor while landlords supply materials. For additional information about this topic you can go to cap.unl.edu.

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE B12

school is like drinking out of a fire hose, but our small class size and getting to work not only with my peers, but so closely with the faculty, has made it a really great learning experience,” she said.

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Good selection of hub, sprocket and pulleys for 40, 50, 60 chains and pulleys up to 16 inches.

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Valves and Spray Fittings In Stock

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B14

ANTIQUE TRACTOR FOR SALE

1945 Farmall H with 9-SPEED ORIGINAL TRANSMISSION, restored, very good condition.

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Phone (406) 741-2501 (after prompt dial 8). No phone calls after 8:00 pm please.

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NDSU Extension - Grand Forks County Every year, I plant something different in my containers in the front of my house, trying to find that perfect plant.

Maybe it’s because I don’t keep notes and can’t remember what I planted, but we won’t get into that.

I want something that can handle some shade and lots of wind, and feed the pollinators. Last year, I tried an annual blue salvia. The plants needed a few extra care steps, but the care did not outweigh the bumble bee traffic on the plants. As a result, I am getting prepared to start my own salvia seeds for this growing season.

Salvia is in the mint family. There are different species of salvia from annual to perennial and native to non-native.

Depending on the species, flower colors can range from blue, purple, pink and red to yellow and white. The species I am growing in my containers is Salvia farinacea. It is considered an annual in our area. Common cultivars are Victoria Blue or Blue Bedder.

The individual flowers of a salvia plant are arranged on eight to 10-inch spikes that rise above the gray-green leaves.

The individual flowers on the spikes open at different intervals, resulting in flowers that bloom for weeks.

The flower spikes do not need frequent removal, also called dead-heading, to maintain blooms. However, the removal of old spikes does help promote the growth of new flowers. Plants can also be cut back in the middle of the summer to encourage new growth for the fall.

Salvia can tolerate hot and dry conditions and prefer full sun. They make a great flower for mass plantings in garden beds. If you want to plant salvia in containers, be aware of the mature size of the plant and ensure you have a large enough container to support the plant.

The containers I used last summer were a little bit too small. As a result, I had to water thoroughly every day, or I would come home to wilted plants in the heat of the summer.

Side note: watering containers thoroughly means filling the top of the container with water, repeating until water runs out the bottom of the container and repeating the process a couple more times until the growing media is saturated with water. Just sprinkling the surface with water will not provide enough water for plants to grow. Use your hand to monitor the potting media. There is enough water if the soil feels moist a couple of inches down.

Don’t forget the bees. Salvias will attract many different species of pollinators. The containers on my step were bumble bee magnets. I enjoyed sitting and watching them work as they harvested nectar and pollen. What flowers are you starting this year? Happy gardening.

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The Earth’s crust contains more aluminum than any other metallic element, yet it was not discovered or extracted until the mid-1820s – when it was so expensive to extract that it was actually considered a precious metal. Then, in 1886, two different inventors – Charles Hall, an American and Paul Heroult, a Frenchman – discovered a process by which aluminum could be extracted much more cheaply using electricity. The Hall-Heroult process reduced the price of aluminum to less than 1% of its previous cost. But it wasn’t until World War I, when German designer Hugo Junkers started building airplanes out of metal instead of the traditional wood and fabric, that aluminum came into its own.

Today the world uses more aluminum than any other metal except iron and steel. ##### To shuffle one’s feet while mumbling is to whittie-whattie.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B15

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B16

BISON FORD At Bison Ford, we’re more than just a dealership—we’re your trusted automotive partner. And here’s why customers choose us time and time again.

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Competitive Pricing & Exclusive Deals Top-Tier Customer Service – Our dedicated team is here to provide a stressfree, no-pressure buying experience, helping you find the perfect vehicle with honesty and transparency.

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Local & Community-Driven – As a proud part of the community, we support local events, charities, and organizations like Future Farmers of America, 4-H Club’s giving back to the people who support us.

When you choose Bison Ford, you’re choosing quality, trust, and a dealership that puts YOU first. Visit us today and experience the Bison Ford difference!

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B17

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MOTORCYCLES UNDER 10K 2012 Harley-Davidson® FLD - GRAY $5500 - 21,639 miles 2015 Harley-Davidson® FLHR - BLUE $9900 - 32,713 miles 2003 Harley-Davidson® FLHTCUI - BLACK/SILVER $7000 - 38,791 miles 2013 Harley-Davidson® FLHTX - RED $8500 - 57,539 miles 2011 Harley-Davidson® FLHTK - BLACK $9000 - 42,784 miles 2006 Harley-Davidson® FLTR - BLUE $7800 - 0 miles

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2007 Harley-Davidson® XL1200C - BLACK $5500 - 7372 miles 2010 Harley-Davidson® XL1200C - RED/BLACK $6500 - 29,163 miles 2021 Harley-Davidson® XL1200X - BURGANDY $9500 - 19,438 miles 2020 Harley-Davidson® XL883N - GRAY $8500 - 5899 miles 2022 Harley-Davidson® XL883N $8000 - 7778 miles 2022 Benelli® RED $4500 - 0 miles

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B18

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ARC-CO vs. PLC deadline

By Nebraska Extension Jessica Groskopf, Brad Lubben, and Anastasia Meyer The deadline for election and enrollment in USDA Farm Bill commodity programs is April 15, 2025. Farmers can choose Agricultural Risk Coverage at the Individual level (ARC-IC), Agricultural Risk Coverage at the County level (ARC-CO), or Price Loss Coverage (PLC). Payments for all programs are determined on “base acres,” which reflect the historic acreage of a specific crop on a farm.

ARC-IC is less popular amongst farmers due to its 65% base acre payment and increased reporting requirements.

Many farmers, therefore, choose between PLC and ARC-CO, both of which make payments on 85% of base acres.

PLC is a price protection program that triggers payments when the Marketing Year Average (MYA) price falls below the Effective Reference Price. In contrast, ARC-CO is a revenue protection program based on the National Marketing Year Average (MYA) price and county yield.

The MYA is the weighted average of the national price throughout the marketing year. The marketing year for fallharvested crops generally starts in September and ends in August while wheat starts in June and ends in May. Waiting for the marketing year to conclude in order to calculate payments is why the payments, if any, come “a year late.” Let’s compare PLC and ARC-CO for irrigated corn in Scotts Bluff County.

Price Loss Coverage The Effective Reference Price for PLC corn is $4.26 per bu. If the MYA price is below this level, PLC payments will be made. PLC payments will be the difference between the Effective Reference Price and the MYA price multiplied by the individual farm’s program yield, with no payment limit per acre. Therefore, the lower the price, the larger the payment per base acre. Producers should also know that if they have purchased Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO) insurance, the base acres associated with the corresponding crops covered

by SCO should be enrolled in the PLC program since they cannot be enrolled in the ARC-CO program.

Agricultural Risk Coverage ARC-CO’s payment trigger is more complex, as it depends on both the MYA price and county yield. This is a three-step process.

First, we must calculate the benchmark revenue for the county, by multiplying the 5-Year Olympic Average County Yield (171.51 for Scotts Bluff) by the National 5-Year Olympic Average MYA Price for corn of $5.03 per bu., resulting in a Benchmark Revenue for Scotts Bluff County of $863.70.

Next, we must calculate the maximum per acre payment for the county by multiplying the Benchmark Revenue ($863.70) by 10%, setting the max payment in Scotts Bluff County at $86.70.

Finally, we must calculate the Guaranteed Revenue, by Multiplying the Benchmark Revenue ($863.70) by 86%, which is $742.78 for Scotts Bluff County.

If the MYA price multiplied by the county yield falls below the guaranteed revenue ($742.78 for Scotts Bluff County), payments will be triggered. But remember, ARC-CO has a payment limit per base acre and in 2025/26 for irrigated corn in Scotts Bluff County it is $86.70.

When will ARC-CO payments trigger? For irrigated crops, significant drops in county yield are less likely than for nonirrigated crops. Taking this into consideration, I will assume an average county yield to illustrate an example. To calculate the price at which ARC-CO begins to provide support, by divide the Guaranteed Revenue ($742.78 per acre) by the benchmark yield (171.71 bu. per acre), which equals $4.33 per bu. Now let’s look at the consequences of the $86.37 per acre payment limit. With benchmark county yields, ARC-CO payments reach their peak at a price of $3.82 per bushel. In other words, ARC-CO protects prices between $3.82 and $4.33 per bu. assuming benchmark county yields.

PLC vs. ARC-CO Choosing between ARC-CO and PLC depends on the specific circumstances of your farm, including base acres, crop type, and yield history.

For irrigated corn in Scotts Bluff County, ARC-CO offers a narrower price protection range, providing coverage between $3.82 and $4.33 per bushel when assuming benchmark county yields, with a cap on payments. Meanwhile, PLC provides broader price protection by triggering payments whenever prices fall below $4.26 per bu., with no payment limit per acre.

Ultimately, the decision comes down to whether you are more concerned with protecting against shallow revenue declines from price or yield losses or securing deeper price coverage. As the April 15, 2025 deadline approaches, carefully evaluate your farm’s situation to determine which program offers the best financial security for your operation.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B19

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Blonde D’Aquitaine

By Christina Pichlet, cowcaretaker.com Blonde d’Aquitaine arrived in Canada, from France, in the early 70’s at the end of the importation era of continental cattle from Europe. At the time of the first imports, the Blonde breed in France was one of the smaller breeds in number. Blondes are now the third largest beef breed in France.

Blondes, a large, high performance breed, excelling in lean meat yield, have been bred with calving ease in mind. Their fine-boned bodies have been bred to be longer and leaner at birth to facilitate easier calving. While well know in countries around the world for their well-muscled, high-yielding carcasses, the Blonde calf does not start to show the heavier muscled hind quarter, until it is four to six weeks of age.

Voluntary breeder participation in Performance tracking provides EPDs for birth, weaning and yearling weights, milk, a number of carcass traits (using ultrasound technology) and scrotal measurement.

Fullblood polled Blonde genetics have contributed to the Herd book in Canada and are marketed worldwide via semen, embryos and by live animals into the United States.

All registered fullblood Blondes in Canada are parentage verified by DNA. Crossbreeding with Blondes adds muscle, length and thickness in the calves, produces more beef, less fat, less bone and supplies a high-yielding carcass. Crossbred Blonde carcasses have a high Commercial Index Superiority, high meat density, heavier meat to the carcass, leaner meat (3.7% less fat at the 11th rib): heavier muscling (5.9% more muscle on the 11th rib): less bone (2.2% less on the 11th rib): and excellent lean to fat ratio. Blondes cross extremely well with dairy breeds, increasing muscling immensely.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B20

TELEHANDLERS FOR SALE

Gehl 8042, Skytrac 6036 and JLG 6000 lbs telehandlers, good rubber, ready to work. Your choice............ $33,000 Phone (406) 253-1001

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Growth promotant technologies impact

By Christina Bakker, Assistant Professor and SDSU Extension Meat Science Specialist.

Additional Authors Warren Rusche The United States produced 17.6% of the world’s beef using only 6.1% of the world’s cattle in 2021 (FAO). Additionally, the amount of beef produced per head increased by over 67% from 1961 to 2019 (USDA NASS). While characteristics, such as genetics and nutrition, have played large roles in these increased efficiencies, the utilization of growth promotant technologies has also made large contributions to the increase in pounds of lean tissue produced per carcass.

As the name suggests, growth promotant technologies are tools that livestock producers can use to help their livestock grow in a more cost-effective and efficient manner. A study conducted in 2008 estimated that eliminating the technologies of parasite control, implants, sub-therapeutic antibiotics, ionophores, and beta-agonists would increase per-head production costs by $360 over an animal’s lifetime and the cost of finished livestock would need to increase by 36% (Lawrence and Ibarburu, 2008). In addition to the economic benefits of using technology, there are also improvements in the efficient use of resources. According to a report commissioned by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (abbreviated as FAO), twice as much animal protein will be needed to feed the global population by 2050 as was produced in 2011 (McLeod, 2011). The world population is becoming increasingly more urban, and the arable land for producing livestock feeds is limited. This means that livestock production must produce more food per animal while using fewer land and crop resources. A study published in 2012 found that natural production systems (those that do not use growth promotant technologies) required 77.5% more cattle to produce the same amount of beef as conventional production systems that utilize growth promotant technologies (Capper, 2012). More animals mean more land and feed is also needed. Therefore, the importance of these growth promotant technologies in the toolbox of cattle producers cannot be understated. But what are the common technologies and how do they work?

Understanding Common Growth Promotant Technologies Antibiotics The first class of growth promotant technologies to be addressed is antimicrobials, which encompass antibiotics and ionophores. Antibiotics are no longer available solely for the purpose of growth promotion; however, animals that are healthy and feel well will ultimately eat more and gain faster compared to sick animals. There is a benefit to judicious utilization of therapeutic antibiotics. However, there are some antibiotics that can be used on a sub-therapeutic level to improve animal health. Specifically, some feedlots opt to use tylosin phosphate to reduce the incidence of liver abscesses. It is important to note that feedlots need to work with veterinarians to use tylosin phosphate according to the Veterinary Feed Directive rule, and many producers are looking for an alternative solution to liver abscesses. Currently, one condemned liver costs the beef industry around $23, although that is not the only cost. Livers with abscesses also tend to be adhered to the body wall of the carcass and need to be cut away, reducing carcass weight and ultimate value of the carcass.

Ionophores Another antimicrobial class used in the beef industry are ionophores. Ionophores are commercially available antimicrobials classified as nontherapeutic antibiotics. They work through a process called competitive inhibition and alter the proportions of ruminal bacteria from lactic acid and acetic acid producing bacteria to propionic acid producing bacteria, ultimately improving digestive efficiency. By increasing digestive efficiency, animals can convert feed to body mass more effectively by using less feed. These tools also reduce the risk of death loss from digestive upset (bloat) and aid in the control of coccidiosis.

Implants Implants are small pellets that can be inserted into an animal’s ear that contain growth promoting hormones. Common hormones used in implants are estradiol, progesterone, zeranol, and trenbolone acetate. These hormones work within the body to promote the increase of muscle tissue and ultimately increase the hot carcass weight for implanted animals.

For more information on implants and hormones in beef cattle, see the articles, Hormones in Beef: Myths vs. Facts and Questions and Misconceptions Surrounding Implants.

CONTINUED ON PAGE B21

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B21

Growth promotant technologies impact CONTINUED FROM PAGE B20

Beta-Agonists The final growth promotant technology to be discussed in this article are beta-adrenergic receptor agonists, also referred to as beta-agonists. The commonly used beta-agonist in the United States is ractopamine hydrochloride, and it is administered to cattle through dietary integration. Betaagonists work by binding to beta receptors on muscle and fat cells and altering the metabolic processes in the cells.

This alteration allows animals to shift their growth from increasing fat to increasing muscle, resulting in a higher yielding carcass. Beta-agonists are regulated for dosage, length of time they can be fed to animals prior to harvest, and withdrawal time. Lawrence and Ibarburu (2008) found that the use of beta-agonists increased average daily gain by over 14% and reduced the feed-to-gain ratio by over 12% over the period of use, solidifying beta-agonists as another means to producing more beef with fewer inputs.

In Summary It is well documented and accepted that growth promotant technologies can increase pounds of beef produced, while reducing input costs and resource use. The following articles in this series will explore the impact of these technologies on meat quality and consumer perceptions. ##### Diane and Phyllis were about to start their round when Phyllis noticed that Diane had a new set of clubs. “Nice clubs,” Phyllis said. “How do you like them?” “They’re great,” replied Diane. “Have they helped your game?”

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B22

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Good biosecurity reduces risk of avian influenza in poultry and dairy

By NDSU Extension Spring migration is currently underway. Now is the time for those with poultry and dairy to ramp up biosecurity efforts, according to Miranda Meehan, North Dakota State University Extension livestock environmental stewardship specialist. North Dakota lies within a primary migration corridor for waterfowl, with millions of birds migrating through the state.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is a disease carried by wild birds and affects domestic birds and mammals. Avian influenza is caused by the influenza Type A virus, commonly known as influenza A. The virus is shed in infected birds’ feces and respiratory secretions and can survive for weeks in cool, damp environments.

Positive cases of HPAI in backyard poultry, commercial poultry and dairy herds are currently occurring across the U.S. One of the first clinical signs of HPAI in poultry is sudden, unexplained death. Most poultry cases report a decline in water and feed consumption. Decreased egg production and depression in layers may be another sign that birds are not feeling well. Purple or dry combs, quieter-than-usual behavior, frequent laying down and swelling around the eyes are other symptoms birds may experience.

The virus isn’t fatal for most dairy cattle. The first sign in dairy cattle is often a sudden drop in milk production. Other common symptoms include low appetite, fever, lethargy and thickened or discolored milk.

The best way to reduce the potential for transmission of HPAI, says Meehan, is to minimize interaction between wildlife and domestic animals. Wild birds are primary transmission vectors to your domestic poultry and dairy.

However, any animal that enters the property, including pets and other animals, may track the virus or bring an infected bird onto the property.

NDSU Extension specialists — such as Mary Keena, livestock environmental management specialist — have developed tips for reducing HPAI transmission.

To reduce transmission between wildlife and domestic animals, NDSU Extension recommends the following: If possible, keep animals housed until the risk for transmission has decreased. Nonlethal methods to deter wildlife are available on the U.S. Department of Agriculture wildlife damage webpage: https://www.aphis.usda.gov/wildlifeservices/about/nonlethal.

Reduce the attractiveness for wildlife to stop at your place by cleaning up litter and spilled feed around your domestic animal housing.

If you come in contact with or handle wildlife, change into clean clothes, wash your hands and disinfect your footwear before contact with domestic animals.

Report sick or deceased wildlife to the North Dakota Game and Fish Department at https://gf.nd.gov/wildlife/diseases/ mortality-report.

If you need to handle or dispose of carcasses to reduce potential interactions, follow the appropriate procedures outlined on the NDSU Extension website: ndsu.ag/ndsuhpai.

The best defense against HPAI is having a biosecurity plan in place.

“As a dairy or poultry owner, it is your job to create a line of separation between your clean animals and the potential unclean issues that wildlife or visitors may bring,” says Keena.

To reduce transmission between domestic animals, NDSU Extension recommends the following: Keep your distance. Restrict access to your property and your animals. Allow contact from people who care for your birds but minimize visitors.

Minimize interactions. Do not allow poultry and livestock to share water sources, feedstuffs or living environments with each other or wildlife.

Keep a clean environment. Wear clean clothes, scrub your shoes with disinfectant and wash your hands thoroughly before and after caring for your poultry or livestock. Clean and disinfect tools and equipment that come into contact with your poultry or livestock or their feces.

Do not haul disease home. Clean and disinfect car and truck tires if you have been near other poultry or bird owners, such as at feed stores. New birds should be kept separate from your flock for at least 30 days.

Do not borrow disease from your neighbor. Do not share CONTINUED ON PAGE B23

Good biosecurity reduces risk of avian influenza in poultry and dairy

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B23

The deadline for advertising in the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th.

Phone (406) 271-5533. or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

CONTINUED FROM PAGE B22

lawn and garden equipment, tools or bird supplies with your neighbor or other flock owners.

More information about biosecurity can be found on the USDA’s Defend the Flock webpage: www.aphis.usda.gov/ aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/ avian/defend-the-flock-program.

Products from dairy cattle and poultry testing positive for HPAI are prohibited by law from entering the marketplace.

Poultry and poultry products are safe to eat, and proper handling and cooking is always advised. Pasteurization of dairy products has been documented to kill the virus. Raw dairy products should not be produced from milk produced from animals exhibiting avian influenza symptoms.

In 2025, there have been no positive HPAI cases in domestic poultry or birds in North Dakota. Early detection is important to prevent the spread of disease. Monitor animals closely and report sick animals to your local veterinarian.

If you do not have a local veterinarian, contact the North Dakota State Veterinarian’s office at 701-328-2655.

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Clara Peller Peller was a 74-year-old manicurist when a television crew member plucked her out of her salon and asked her to appear as an extra in a commercial – as a manicurist. Eight years later, the commercial’s producer remembered Peller when he was casting a series of ads for Wendy’s hamburgers. He located her – now 82 and retired from her nail salon – and gave her a role as a grumpy old lady with a catchphrase: “Where’s the beef?” Peller’s one-line performance was a hit. In the final three years of her life she worked in commercials and movies, and even made an appearance on Saturday Night Live.

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2020 Peterbilt 567 X15 500 hp Cummins, 13 speed automatic transmission, full locking rears, stationary 5th wheel, aluminum wheels, dual air ride seats, dual tanks.............................................................. $69,900

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B24

HAY FOR SALE 2023 dryland alfalfa AND 2024 1st and 2nd cutting alfalfa.

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Brangus Cattle

Written by Christina Pichler, cowcaretake.com

www.snowymountainmotors.com

You Make the Drive ~ We’ll Make the Deal!

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Brangus cattle are a cross between two popular beef cattle breeds: Brahman cattle and Angus cattle. While each breed is excellent on their own, the combination results in a superior beef cattle breed.

This is a near-perfect combination for any farming operation.

The Brangus breed was developed in the 1930s and 1940s in the United States by crossing Angus cattle with Brahman cattle. Both the USDA and private breeders worked on the development of the breed.

Crossbreeding between these two breeds was performed to marry the hardiness of Brahman genetics with the superior carcass qualities of Angus beef in order to produce a new and improved beef cattle breed.

The resulting cross was wildly successful, and Brangus cattle were eventually standardized for optimal performance resulting in 5/8 Angus and 3/8 Brahman blood.

The American Brangus Breeders Association was founded in 1949 and was later renamed the International Brangus Breeders Association as Brangus cattle began to be exported to many countries around the world including Canada, Mexico, Argentina, and Australia.

Brangus cattle do the best in hot and humid climate conditions as offered by the American southwest including Texas, Louisiana, and Oklahoma which boast the highest numbers of Brangus cattle.

Two types of Brangus cattle exist, Black Brangus and Red Brangus. The Red Brangus is undoubtedly the more popular of the two for sub-tropical and tropical climates, and the International Red Brangus Breeder’s Association was created as a regional branch of the IBBA. The Red Brangus has an easier time dealing with extreme sun as their red hide reflects sunlight, allowing for foraging while Black Brangus and other types of cattle may seek out tanks or shade.

Both Red Brangus and Black Brangus cattle have similar performance in terms of carcass yield and quality. Black Brangus cattle are often preferred in northern and cooler climates.

Brangus Cattle Breed Characteristics The official breed name is Brangus.

Scientific name is Bos taurus. The breed originated in the U.S. Brangus are solid red or solid black body with skin folds on the neck and belly. The are naturally polled with droopy ears, dark skin pigmentation and a sleek coat. Brangus bulls have a distinctive hump.

Calves weigh 70 to 75 lbs. A mature cow weighs around 1100 to 1200 lbs. A mature bull weights 1800 to 2000 lbs.

Brangus are ready to breed at 14 to 15 months. They have a gestation period of 283 days.

Brangus cattle are best slaughtered at 14

to 18 months with a carcass weight of 400 lbs. The have a lifespan of 15 years with 12 to 14 years of productive lifespan.

Brangus are known for hardiness and disease resistance. They have good meat marbling and superior carcasses.

Brangus have excellent fertility and are easy calving producing high-quality milk for calves.

Weaknesses of the Brangus breed is a tendency to jump fences and the mothers are aggressive in protecting calves.

They are exceptional performers in hot and humid climates but have the adaptability to cold climates and can grow a coat to keep warm.

What Is So Special About Brangus Cattle?

Brangus cattle are profitable beef cattle offering tender meat that has less excess fat and is usually premium grade.

Up to 85% of Brangus cuts are USDA choice. The size of carcass obtained from Brangus cattle makes it desirable for packers, and consumers want Yield Grade 2, which Brangus cattle offer consistently.

Brangus calves are consistently sold at auction for top prices in national markets and are known for their hybrid vigor while Brangus cows produce excellent milk for their calves, which are weaned at higher weights than most other breeds.

Unlike Angus cows, Brangus cows gain weight in the warmer months and outperform Angus beef in the Warner-Bratzler Shear Force Test, achieving 97% tender rating against 94%.

The excellence of Brangus cows and their superior mothering abilities, milk production, high fertility and calving ease all lead to healthy calves and an ever-growing herd.

Why Should I Raise Brangus Cattle On My Farm?

Brangus cows are highly fertile and excellent milkers, are excellent foragers and will easily put on weight eating grain or grass.

Brangus cows have outstanding maternal instincts passed from Brahman cows. They also have inherited the hardiness and disease resistance of Brahman cattle.

Excellent temperament is standard in this breed of cattle.

Calves have a higher weaning weight than many other breeds increasing their survivability.

Pigmentation of their skin and coat protect them from sun damage and cancer.

Commercial cattlemen will appreciate the Brangus female as she can produce marketable steers and replacement heifers readily.

Brangus cow herds have uniformity in size at maturity for market.

Great for small farms as Brangus can thrive without specialized conditions and can do well on pasture.

Evaluating alfalfa stands – stand counts

By Ben Beckman, UNL Were you expecting more from last year’s alfalfa yields?

Did your plants get enough time to winterize in the fall? Do you have concerns about stand winter kill? Evaluating your alfalfa stand in the spring is key to planning management and setting expectations for this year.

As stands begin greening up, alfalfa stand assessment can be completed using a hay square as a quick and easy way to look at the overall stand health. While we call it a hay square, square or circle shapes work equally well. A 17 x 17 inch square or 19 inch in diameter circle are the size needed.

Next, determine what to count. There are two options when evaluating your stand: 1) by the number of plants per square foot (typically recommended for new stands, planted last fall) and 2) by the number of stems for established stands.

Stem count will more accurately predict yield compared to plant number. However, either method will provide information for making management decisions.

Randomly select 4 to 5 areas in your field to sample. Then count the plants or stems that would be harvested, typically anything over 6 inches, to determine your count. Then divide those numbers by 2 to get stems or plants per square foot. For established stands, having 4 to 5 healthy plants per square foot or 55 stems per square foot would warrant a productive and healthy stand. Fields with stem counts below 55 see a significant decrease in dry matter production.

For stands planted last fall, you will see more plants per square foot compared to stems. Remember, a good rule of thumb is, for every pound of seed planted, expect 3 to 5 plants. New plantings that contain fewer than 12 plants per square foot may need to be reseeded.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B25

The deadline for advertising in the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

Seeds and transplanting tips When planting seeds indoors, it is important to use a sterile medium. Garden soil can be used but it should be sterilized.

Since this is a tedious procedure, it is probably better to use a commercially available mix.

Conservapak Tip for Air Drill

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B26

ALL I WANT IS MELTON ALFALFA! MSU Bozeman’s latest Certified Alfalfa Seed Release Also available: Shaw, Wrangler, Ladak

Ernie Johnson 406-357-4182 or cell: 262-3081

LOOKING FOR • • John Deere 880 draper swather Older gravel shaker screen Call or text (406) 300-2776

GLASS TRUCKING, INC.

Braunvieh Cattle

Written by Christina Pichler, cowcaretaker.com

Grain, Liquid, Hay & Livestock Hauling • In business since 1960 • Visit us at www.glasstrucking.com

Denton, MT 406-567-2232 800-325-8859 Deluxe Hydraulic Squeeze Chute For Safe and Easy Handling

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2015 Wilson PSDCL-402 53’ X 102”, spring suspension, tri-axle, new shoes and drums, 3 new brake cans, 3 new wheel seals, 59” height on rear floor to doghouse, 50” inside the doghouse. 50% floors in rear, 60% floors on top, bottom and in the nose, 12’ nose, 14’ rear, fixed 1/2 doghouse, nose decking, aluminum roof. . ..............................$43,500

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Braunvieh cattle originate from cattle that date back to medieval times and are a hardy breed found in over 60 countries today, providing incredible milk and meat yields.

Some confusion exists between Braunvieh and Brown Swiss cows, but the two breeds are one and the same.

They are known as an excellent beef breed by the beef industry but are likewise a dual-purpose breed known for milk production and high weaning weight of calves.

Braunvieh cattle are originally from Switzerland and may be one of the oldest purebred cattle breeds in the world, with archeological evidence suggesting that they may date back to the Bronze Age. The first known written records of Braunvieh cattle stem from Einsiedeln Monastery books, with evidence that Benedictine monks began breeding Braunvieh around 1000 years ago but the first herd book dates to 1775.

Further monastic records show the first known exportation of Braunvieh cattle occurred in the 14th century when they were exported to a mountainous region in Austria.

Braunvieh cattle were shown in expositions in Paris and London in 1855 and 1862 and gained international interest. The exportation of Swiss Braunvieh cattle to several different European countries and North America occurred following these events.

The herds brought to the United States were used only for milk production, and bred exclusively for milking qualities which led to the creation of a separate breed, given the name American Brown Swiss.

Interestingly, these American Brown Swiss were introduced back to the purebred Braunvieh in large numbers in the 1960s and according to the Braunvieh Association of America, the Braunvieh of today has 3/4ths of their genetics coming from the American Brown Swiss.

Fortunately, the pure Braunvieh still exists, albeit in limited numbers and is registered as Original Braunvieh or Original Schweizer Braunvieh.

There are now over 7 million head worldwide, with official breeders associations in 42 countries who remain committed to the continued upward trajectory of this all-star breed of cattle.

Braunvieh cattle breed characteristics The official breed name is Braunvieh, or Schweizer Braunvieh. Scientific name is Bos taurus The body color comes in various shades of grey-brown and are known for the light colored ring around their nose. They have medium size horns that curl outwards. They have excellent conformation with a stout body and long, strong legs.

Calves weigh 65 to 120 lbs.

A mature cow usually weighs 1100 to 1500 lbs and is about 4.4 feet in height.

A mature bull will weigh 1800 to 2500 lbs. and is 4.9 feet tall.

Braunvieh are ready to breed at 13 to 15 months and have a gestation period of

283 days Best time to slaughter is 13 months with a carcass weight of 595 to 628 lbs.

The expected lifespan of a Braunvieh is 15 to 20 years with a productive lifespan of 7+ years.

Braunvieh are known for a docile temperament and ease of handling. They have excellent milking qualities and distinctive meat quality and volume. They are typically used in crossbreeding programs.

Braunvieh weaknesses include that they are hard to source in some countries and can be expensive due to extensive marketing campaigns.

They have a high adaptability to different climates and temperature fluctuations.

What Is So Special About Braunvieh Cattle?

1. Milk Production Braunvieh cows, like other brown cattle, are known for top-tier milk production and place second in the world for amount produced per year.

Adult females produce an average of 22,000 lbs of milk during a 305-day production period at 4% fat compared to FriesianHolstein cows who have an output of 25,000 lbs at 3.4% fat.

Heifers and cows are fully capable of nursing their young from their well-placed teats and sound udder conformation, and still having consistently high milking output.

2. Meat Production Excellent meat performance is one of the hallmarks of the Braunvieh breed.

These beef cattle have excellent marbling and high weaning weight of calves. The meat places well in tests of tenderness and texture, aroma, fat consistency and maintains high protein, minerals, and vitamins.

The optimal slaughter time for steers is 13 months when they have a body weight of around 1300 pounds.

They are known for putting up top-quality carcasses that stand up to the competition at expeditions and consistently receive awards for performance.

Why Should I Raise Braunvieh Cattle On My Farm?

Full-blood Braunvieh bulls can be used as sires for crossbreeding farms, improving conception rates by 7%. They are great for suckler cow farms as Braunvieh cows have excellent mothering ability. The cows can calve without assistance.

Braunvieh cows when used in crossbreeding programs improve weaning weights by 5% to 11% over other Continental cross breeds. They can thrive in all types of topography from Alpine mountainous terrain, to tropical plains. They have been used as draught animals and are suitable as working animals for their strength and feet. They have consistent feedlot and pasture feed efficiency converting feed to meat. They are known for good health and longevity which minimizes loss and their darker skin pigmentation means fewer eye problems.

Populating Prairie Pollinator Gardens

By Laurie Zitterkopf, Nebraska Extension Master Gardener Less weeds, more WOW. For healthy plant communities, try the four-tiered system from planting in a post wild world (rainer and west). Tier 1 - Anchor plants 10-15 percent, tall, well-behaved, long-lived plants. Tier 2 - Seasonal Stars 2540 percent mid-height plants with flowers or textures that shine. Tier 3 - Placeholders 5-10 percent Short-lived plants that reseed to fill gaps. Tier 4 - Groundhuggers 50 percent low, spreading plants that cover the ground at 60 plants for 100 square feet.

In a Prairie Pollinator Garden a solid framework is important. Anchor plants 10-15 percent of your plants are large, long-loved plants that have distinct forms: Wild Indigo, Gayfeather, Leadplant, or Rose Milkweed, just to name a few. If using Gayfeather, a good ratio is six Gayfeather plants to every 50 plants. Find a favorite to design your garden around. This is the plant to catch your eye as you walk by.

In a Prairie Pollinator Garden our senses are heightened.

Seasonal stars are 25-40 percent, 15 plants for every 50 plants and two species. They are mid-height plants with a medium lifespan. Our seasonal stars have a showy attribute or two. One looking scruffy at a certain time of year can hide behind another in its peak season, so use plants with different periods of interest. Seasonal stars should be free to spread and move. This is key for garden longevity.

In a Prairie Pollinator Garden gaps need to be filled.

Placeholders 5-10 percent, four plants to every 50 plants.

Placeholders are temporary-there when you need them, gone when you don’t, which makes annual, biennial, and short-lived plants good candidates for this tier. Placeholders behave like weeds would, and help cover bare spots to give other plants time to establish. These don’t do well with competition, so when longer-lived plants settle in, these placeholders move out.

In a Prairie Pollinator Garden a living mulch is needed.

Groundhuggers 50 percent, 25 of 50 plants. Groundhuggers are low-growing plants that live underneath the canopy of taller plants in the other tiers. They need to be shade, and stress-tolerant. Their job is to cover the ground. Many spreading plants perform well, but non-spreading plants work too.

While there might be few species of plants used in other tiers, here you can mix it up because they are mostly out of view.

##### Garden gnomes are already pretty weird, especially when people have extensive collections of them. If you lived during Victorian times and were affluent enough (and a little bit insane), you would keep an old man as a sort of pet. These hermits were often forbidden from grooming themselves and would live in the nooks and crannies of wealthy Victorians’ gardens. In most cases, they weren’t even allowed to speak!

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B27

Say you saw it in the Trader’s Dispatch

STORAGE CONTAINERS & BRIDGES

Overseas Flat Racks and Shipping Containers 8-ft. to 53-ft., mouse proof, weather tight storage 20-ft. & 40-ft. Heavy Duty Bridges

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YOUR TRUCK BED SOURCE! Kois Brothers Equipment Co. is Proud to Stock Cadet and Deweze Flatbeds and Bale Beds Give Us a Call Today to Get Yours Ordered and Installed!

Cadet “Western” Flatbed

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Cadet “Frisco” Flatbed Taller headboard option available!

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DewEze products are built with the same entrepreneurial spirit and hard-working durability as the ranchers that operate them.

##### Women in the Victorian era would nibble on chalk wafers laced with arsenic to keep themselves looking as fresh out of the coffin as possible.While highly toxic and addictive, it did at least turn the consumer’s skin a lovely shade of white.

Heavy Duty Header!

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B28

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT

New Geotherm Waterers & Parts Available

NEW Vermeer R2800 rake.......HERE NEW R2300 rakes........ COMING IN! 1-Vermeer R2300 rake, used.....CALL Highline 650 used processor.$19,600 2-ProAg bale unrollers................CALL Euro pallet fork......................... $1640 1- Set skid steer pallet forks....... $1280 Beltec post hole auger with down pressure, several bits...................... $2950

R&L Seed and Machine, LLC

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT

BRIDON OVERSTOCK SALE

Vermeer 605N, In-Monitor Moisture Sensor, Auto Greaser, pickup clutch, 540 or 1000 PTO.............NEW Vermeer R2300 & R2800 rakes........................NEW Vermeer TM1410 mower 21-ft cut width...............NEW Vermeer 604R Signature 450 bales................$48,000 4-Vermeer 605N new drive rollers, maintenance lights, field ready........................................................$35,000 2-Vermeer 605SM completely rebuilt................$20,000 John Deere 705 rake, new teeth..........................$7500 H&S 12-wheel rake................................................$6000 Hustler LX105 Unrolla skid steer mounts..........$12,000 2014 Highline CFR650 with feed chopper.....$24,000

11/2 HDPE SDR11 IN STOCK •Now building Gysler parts•

1829 McCarthy Creek Rd Geyser, MT 59447 406-735-4374 rlmccray@3rivers.net

MAX 440/4000 – $100 off per pallet VARSITY 64x7000 – $150 off per pallet MAX 210/6500 – $300 off per pallet MAX 64x9700 – $350 off per pallet

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www.wichmanagsupply.com

See new inventory on our Facebook page

R2300 TWIN RAKE & R2800 TWIN RAKE More hay in a day.

The secret to good bales starts with box-shaped windrows. That’s what the Vermeer R2300 twin rake is designed to produce. Built to last, the R2300 allows you to adjust the width of the windorws to match your baler. Control the width, basket lift and folding/unfolding systems right from the cab of your tractor.

Better bales start with the windrow.

Get great-looking bales quickly and easily. It all startrs witht he Vermeer R2800 twin rake., which produces box-shaped windrows. Built to last, the R2800 allows you to adjust the width of thr windrows to match your baler. Control the width, basket lift and folding/unfolding systems right from the cab of your tractor.

SEE DEALER FOR DETAILS. New & Used Equipment

Vermeer R2800 & R2300 hydraulic rakes.$NEW Vermeer 605N baler, net, moisture, pickup clutch.. .................................................................$NEW Vermeer VR1022, VR1224, VR1428, VR2040 wheel rakes................................................$NEW Vermeer BPX9010 bale processor.............$NEW Kuhn GMD5251TC multi disc mower...........$CALL Kuhn FC4661TCR mower conditioner..........$CALL Kuhn VT280 vertical mixer..........................$CALL Haybuster 2650 bale processor............. $16,500 Vermeer 605N baler, 10,000 +/- bales, net only.. ............................................................. $41,500

Farm King 1400 7 bale mover...................$CALL Highline CRF650 bale processor, final cut...$CALL Used Vermeer R2800 hydraulic rake..... $30,000 John Deere 566 baler, twine only, comes with extra parts.................................................... $7500 Maybridge 26-ft. harrows...........................$CALL

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT

2019 Vermeer 605N 14,000 baler, new belts, chains, sprockets.......................................................$35,000 2018 Vermeer 605N 14,000 bales, through shop.......$34,000 John Deere 530 baler...................................... $3000 Chisholm Trail/Cannonball bale beds, dumping beds..

WW HD EZ 4-wheeler lifts for balebeds............... $1000 Hay Liner 42-ft., 8 bale dumping trailers.In Stock..$9500 Full line of feed and mineral products in stock

New Vermeer BPX9010 bale processor..............CALL Highline bale processors.......................................CALL 2014 Highline CFR651 bale processor, chopper..$17,000 2019 Vermeer TM1410 21-ft. mower.............$45,000 New Vermeer TM1410 trailed mower.................CALL New ZR5-12 self-propelled baler.............. HERE NOW! Vermeer 605M 17,000 bales, pickup rebuilt, bearings, bushings, tooth bars.......................................$15,000 New Vermeer 605N baler..................................CALL

Dealer for Vermeer, Hayliner, and Chisolm Trail

Gordon Repair, LLC

406-234-4595

Miles City, MT

www.gordonrepair.com clint@gordonrepair.com

Hwy 12 Equipment & Repair 8201 Hwy 12 W - Baker, MT

Connor 406-778-3777 • hwy12equip@gmail.com

www.hwy12equipment.com

• In-Shop Repairs & Service Truck Repairs •

April is National Brunch Month

Breakfast has long been considered one of the most important ways for a person to start their day right. But when it’s the weekend and friends or family members want to meet but don’t feel like getting up early, an excellent option can be on the table – brunch!

National Brunch Month is here to celebrate and show appreciation for this delightful meal that is made up of delicious foods, but happens just a bit later in the day than a typical breakfast might.

History of National Brunch Month Originating in England in the late 19th century, this unique meal called “brunch” seems to have started out as an opportunity for those who socialized late into the night on Saturday to have a later breakfast on Sunday.

The term brunch – a combination of breakfast and lunch – is rumored to have first been used in 1895 in an article by a London publication called Hunter’s Weekly.

Brunch grew in popularity over the next couple of decades, making its way to the United States in the 1920s.

Often accompanied by alcoholic beverages such as champagne cocktails, brunch can consist of a variety of breakfast-style dishes that are eaten from the late morning to the early afternoon.

National Brunch Month was first celebrated in 2021 as an initiative put forth by Ebb & Flow restaurants, which are based in Texas.

How to Celebrate National Brunch Month Eat Brunch Out As this event was founded by a restaurant chain, perhaps one way to start celebrating is by booking a table at a favorite brunch place. Choose one that offers special deals for brunch, including unique dishes as well as mimosas or champagne cocktails!.

Host Brunch at Home Whether choosing to cook a delicious meal for sleepyhead family members or inviting a group of friends over, this is a great time to explore some new recipes or enjoy some classics. Set the table with the best china and silverware to make it fancy, or serve the kids french toast paper plates for an easy Sunday Brunch clean-up option!

Try New Recipes National Brunch Month National Brunch Month offers 30 full days – and four full weekends – of opportunity for eating a late-morning (or early afternoon) meal of uniquely flavored breakfast foods. And it’s an ideal way to explore some creative ways for cooking and baking. Check out some of these new takes on brunch favorites to get started with: • Chocolate Croissant Bread Pudding • Skilled Poache Huevos Rancheros • Salmon and Sweet Potato Frittata • Sweet Potato Buttermilk Pancakes

MFU Foundation grants deadline The May 1 deadline is fast approaching to apply for more than $30,000 in community grants through Montana Farmers Union Foundation.

Applications remain open for the grants, which support projects which align with the MFU Foundation’s Mission to create new opportunities and contribute to the growth and enhancement of Montana agriculture and rural communities.

Projects must include an educational component for youth and/or adults, with priority given to rural communities.

The Foundation has awarded and leveraged more than $60,000 for projects in rural communities since launching the program in 2022.

Montana Farmers Union is a grassroots organization, and the Foundation’s grant program dovetails with MFU’s principles of cooperation and education to buoy rural communities. Previous recipients have ranged from plasma cutters and beef models for high school classes to greenhouses and community gardens to children’s books about agriculture.

Submission deadline is May 1, and the grants are open to anyone from Montana. The application form remains simple to not deter submissions and to be responsive to community needs.

The application is available at https://montanafarmersunion.com/education/scholarships-grants/.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B29

Wood, coal, or biomass.

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treasure state wood Take advantage of up to State $2000 tax credit Wo Treasure per year available on Models only TreasurePristine State Wood Treasure Charley & Natalie treasure state State Bucklin wood Wood 406-879-9723 boilers llc LLC Senator Russ and Judy Tempel kindly hosted Glacier county 4-Hers Miles Geer, Colt Laverdure, Alec Boilers Morrisett, and Sammie McCauley along with leader, Hapi Seewald, for the 4-H Legislative breakfast in January.

Alec said, “Glacier County 4-Hers had an excellent time at the Legislative breakfast, we learned about 4-H and to talk with our legislators.” Photo courtesy of Hapi Seewald.

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Alfalfa weevil prep

By Samantha Daniel, UNL Spring has officially sprung and now is a good time to start thinking about the insects that will be emerging and subsequently feeding on alfalfa, particularly alfalfa weevil.

Alfalfa Weevils are beetles that overwinter primarily as adults and emerge as temperatures warm and begin to lay eggs. Plant injury from feeding damage initially appears as pinholes in the terminal leaves, with leaves becoming skeletonized as feeding severity increases.

Alfalfa Weevil was responsible for significant damage to some fields in 2024, particularly in central and eastern Nebraska. Producers should begin scouting for this insect in early April or when spring growth begins. To scout, randomly select 5 sites across the field and collect 10 stems at each site, cutting the stems at ground level. Beat the stems into a deep sided white bucket and count the number of larvae to determine the average number per stem. Larvae are around 8mm long with a black head, wrinkled green body, and white stripe running lengthwise along the top. A threshold table that includes alfalfa as short as 4 inches can be found on the Iowa State Extension website.

While there are several insecticides labeled for alfalfa weevil management, in Nebraska there have been reports of some products not performing as well as expected and resistant alfalfa weevil populations have been recently reported in several western states. Therefore, if you believe you have an infestation above threshold, contact your county Extension Office for further guidance. ##### Peanut Butter was officially introduced to the world at the 1904 World’s Fair in St. Louis, Missouri, USA where a businessman named George Bayle started selling it. But it still took some time to gain popularity.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B30

Improving wheat yield estimation: Modern methods for farmers

The deadline for advertising for the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th.

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

1997 Valmar fertilizer spreader, 36-ft. stainless boom.

1997 Hi-Tech fertilizer elevator, 20” x 30-ft, belt.

1999 R-D 3-point rotary rock grinder, carbide teeth.

1991 John Deere 4200 4-bottom roll over moldboard plow.

1978 Hough H65 loader, 3-yard bucket plus forks.

1985 International 6200 grain drill, 14-ft. double disc.

1995 Spray Air field sprayer, 3-point, 90-ft. boom.

1972 Krause 15-ft. disc, 18” blades.

1983 Jeoffroy 36-ft. chisel plow.

1986 Howard 10-ft. rotovator.

1989 Vicon 10-ft. pull type rotary swather.

1990 Rouse 40-ft. dump rake.

1992 Farmhand manure spreader.

1995 service trailer with Miller 225 welder.

32 aluminum mainline, 10” x 30-ft. with 4” risers.

20 aluminum mainline, 10” x 40-ft. with 4 risers.

14 aluminum mainline, 8” x 40-ft. with 4 risers.

2001 John Deere 1750 STS combine.

2007 John Deere 936D header, 36-ft.

1984 Gleaner N6 grain combine, 24-ft. header.

1986 International 1482 grain combine, 16-ft. header, 12ft. pickup belt.

1984 Versatile 22-ft. grain swather, reversible belts.

Phone cell (406) 490-3795, Anaconda, Montana

2001 GMC 3500 1-ton, Isuzu 4 cylinder turbo diesel, new tires, NEEDS NEW CRANKSHAFT, automatic transmission, a/c, power steering, clean, great to fix or for parts....$1900

Champ 400 rough terrain 8000# forklift, factory 40-ft. lift, 318 Dodge V-8, 4 speed auto trans. with shuttle.

Clean, runs good.................... $8000

1994 Volvo service truck, L10 315 hp mechanical Cummins, Jake, A/C, 9 sp, air suspension, air locker rear end, hydraulic driven, 25 CFM air compressor with hose reel, 15 ton hyd. winch, Hiab 7000# knuckle boom, 25-ft. reach, pintle hitch, no rust......$15,900

Case 450 dozer, 8-ft. angle blade, 4 cylinder diesel, rebuilt injection pump and new injectors with new starter, Power Shift transmission, good tracks and undercarriage. Runs good, easy to haul great ranch machine..$10,900

2001 Ford F350 2WD, V10 gas, auto trans., new torque converter and fuel pump, nice steel, 8x10 dump flatbed. Great ranch truck, etc........................................... $7500 Phone 406-777-1435 leave message

By Amanda Easterly - Research Associate Professor, Cody Creech - Dryland Cropping Systems Specialist, Katherine Frels - Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Maria Sciencia-Wakefield - Soybean Seed Agronomist, Syngenta Introduction Estimating wheat yield during the growing season is crucial for farmers to make informed decisions on inputs, harvest expectations and marketing strategies. A NebGuide updated last in 2007 highlights some traditional methods, but recent research led by former graduate student Maria Sciencia-Wakefield, along with Drs. Amanda Easterly and Cody Creech, suggests that new technology-driven methods like the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Fractional Green Canopy Cover (FGCC) provide more accurate and efficient alternatives for yield estimation.

Traditional vs. Modern Methods Historically, farmers have relied on direct physical measurements, such as counting wheat stands and spikes to evaluate earlyor mid-season crop productivity. While spike count showed some correlation with yield (0.54) in this dataset, stand count did not prove to be a reliable predictor. These traditional approaches are labor-intensive and less adaptable to modern high-yielding wheat varieties. Newer methods utilize image-based and spectral reflectance techniques to estimate yield more accurately.

NDVI, which measures plant health through light reflectance, and FGCC, which analyzes the green canopy cover, have shown strong correlations with final wheat yield. FGCC was found to be the most reliable predictor at multiple growth stages in this recent research, which is published in the Agronomy Journal.

Methods and Details An experiment conducted across six locations in Nebraska over three years tested multiple yield estimation methods.

The locations included Banner, Box Butte, Cheyenne, and Intensively Managed at Cheyenne, Deuel and Kimball counties.

These sites represented a range of soil types,

tillage practices and environmental conditions common to winter wheat farming in the region.

Table 1. Description of growth stages and data collection.

Feekes Scale Description Data Collected 2 Fall growth, early tillering FGCC 4 TilleringStand count, FGCC 5 Stem elongation FGCC, NDVI 7 Booting FGCC, NDVI 10 Heading FGCC, NDVI 11.3 Late grain fill Tiller count

Seven winter wheat varieties were evaluated in the experiment: Goodstreak, Pronghorn, Robidoux, Ruth, Scout 66, Settler CL, and Wesley. These varieties were chosen to encompass a range of genetic traits, including high-yield potential, drought tolerance and adaptability to different management practices and were included in all sites and years of the trials.

Tiller and spike counts were conducted at Feekes 4 (Table 1) and Feekes 11.3 stages, respectively. FGCC and NDVI were collected at several more timings to identify which stages may be most useful for yield estimation. No FGCC or NDVI data was collected at the same time as grain fill because the crop was no longer in active photosynthesis.

Key Findings from Research The results showed that: NDVI at Feekes 10 (near heading stage) had a correlation of 0.39 with final yield.

FGCC at Feekes 2, 4 and 10 had correlations of 0.56, 0.50 and 0.68, respectively, making it a more reliable method with added flexibility of multiple timings.

Traditional stand counts showed no significant correlation with yield, while spike CONTINUED ON PAGE B31

International Astronomy Day

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International Astronomy Day is always observed on April 28th Grab your telescope, look for a dark place and pray for no clouds. This holiday was established to promote astronomy to the general public. Astronomy clubs and groups use this day and night to help teach people about the stars, and other celestial bodies in the universe. These groups take advantage of this day to offer people a view of the stars through a telescope, if possible.

There is also an Astronomy Week. It begins the Monday before Astronomy Day. How to Celebrate International Astronomy Day Hopefully, you had a good night’s sleep last night, as you’re going to be up late searching the sky for all that you can see. And, make sure to find a place for viewing that is away from artificial lights that would dim your view of the sky.

First and foremost, look to the heavens. View the nighttime sky, preferably with a telescope or a pair of binoculars. The moon is always the first thing we see. Under magnification, you can see a lot of the lunar landscape. Then, turn to the plants. How many of these heavenly orbs can you see? Is the telescope big enough to see the rings of Saturn?

Also, you can attend an astronomy lecture or class during the day.

History and Origin of International Astronomy Day Astronomy Day was created in 1973. It was started by Doug Berger, president of the Astronomical Association of Northern California. His reason for creating this day is to promote greater education and understanding of the wonders of the universe.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B31

Post Major Inventory Reduction Sale

Prices good while supplies last 4) 5x7-ft......................$8.75 4) 5x8-ft....................$10.15 5) 6x7-ft.................... $11.50 5) 6x8-ft....................$13.00 4) 5x10-ft..................$13.00 4) 5x12-ft..................$12.75 4) 5x14-ft..................$14.50 4) 5x16-ft..................$15.75 3) 4x8-ft......................$6.75 3) 4x12-ft..................$10.00 3) 4x14-ft..................$12.25 3) 4x16-ft..................$16.00 6) 7x8-ft....................$15.50

Half Rounds

4.25”x16-ft................$18.75

4.25”x8-ft..................$10.50

Some untreated cedar available

CLARK FORK POSTS 71 Combest Lane, Plains, Montana 59859

Phone (406) 826-5796

C&B had some of their larger pieces of equipment along with the smaller pieces on display at the MATE in Billings, Montana in mid-February.

Call for wholesale pricing

U.S. Earth Day

Date When Celebrated: U.S. Earth Day is always observed on April 22nd U.S. Senator Gaylord Nelson, the “Father of Earth Day”, initiated and promoted eco-friendly environmental actions and activities beginning in 1962. He convinced then President John F. Kennedy to tour the nation in support of environmental concerns.

This initial effort did not spark national concern at a political level to effect change.

But Senator Nelson continued his pursuit of increased environmental concern and action. He proposed a National Earth Day in 1970. It was to be the first nationwide environmental protest “to shake up the political establishment and force this issue onto the national agenda”. On April 22, 1970, the timing was right and the first Earth Day protest received astounding support.

On that first Earth Day, an estimated 20 million Americans took to the street in support of the environment and in protest of harmful environmental practices. Never mind that “protests” were in vogue at the time. This effort produced a lasting impact on the environment and brought about greater awareness that our planet had limited resources and that our ecosystem was self-contained and finite. The things we are putting in the air, water, and earth were impacting us.

Did you know? The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was formed as a direct result of the first Earth Day in 1970.

Improving wheat yield estimation: CONTINUED FROM PAGE B30

count was somewhat useful but still inconsistent in modern varieties.

FGCC data can be collected easily using a free mobile app called ‘Canopeo,’ allowing farmers to measure canopy cover with a smartphone. This app was developed by researchers at Oklahoma State University.

NDVI requires specialized equipment like the GreenSeeker (Trimble) handheld sensor, which can also be mounted on field equipment for larger-scale data collection.

Practical Applications for Farmers The adoption of FGCC and NDVI methods can help farmers in several ways: Better Resource Allocation: Knowing estimated yield early in the season allows for better planning of fertilizer and water usage.

Improved Market Decisions: Accurate yield predictions help in marketing strategies and planning.

Reduced Labor Effort: These modern methods require less manual labor compared to traditional counting techniques outlined in the original NebGuide.

Conclusions and Future Work For wheat farmers, NDVI and FGCC data correlates with final yield and can allow for some better resource management. FGCC, in particular, has shown great promise due to its ease of use and strong correlation with final yield. Implementing these advanced techniques can enhance decision-making, improve productivity and contribute to more sustainable wheat farming practices.

Ongoing research and analysis is expanding this work to develop growth stage-specific formulas and update the NebGuide using the full datasets of the crop testing variety trials during this time period.

Cruiser Max Cereal

Phone: 406-378-2112

CALL TODAY to order Grass Seed!

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Time to start thinking about SPRING SEEDING!!

Spring Wheat: Dagmar, Sy Longmire, Vida, WB 9516 Barley: Metcalf, ACC Synergy, Buzz, Hockett Hay Barley: Haymaker, Lavina Mustard Durum: Raska and others available Grass Seed Alfalfa Sorghum Sudan Grass Millet

Call to see what’s available Retailer for:

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page B32

Seeds and transplanting tips Transplant larger nursery stock the same way you would seedlings. Control invasive plants, such as tansy, mint, or bamboo by planting them in their pots to contain their runners. Just cut the bottom out of the pot before planting.

Do not fertilize transplants for several weeks. Instead, water thoroughly, using a splash of B vitamins to help overcome transplant shock. Water regularly until plants show new growth, indicating they’re rooting and surviving well.

Gopher Traps by Lee’s TrapWorks

• Easy to set • Easy to empty • Built-in stake is part of trap • Kills quickly • Very visible if painted bright color • Traps are sold unpainted, paint them your favorite color • Traps are currently $22 each Canadian • Call for postage rates • Check us out at www.leestrapworks.com Call 306-778-2083 evenings for more information or to order

LOADER FOR SALE

2006 John Deere 544K 12K hours, good rubber, ready to work.................................................................... $55,000 Phone (406) 253-1001

2024 HAY FOR SALE JUST AVAILABLE

* 2024 Haybet Barley net wrapped, big round bales, low nitrates, high protein * 1st cutting Alfalfa with a little grass * Grass with a little alfalfa * Millet * Milo (Sorgum Sudan) * CRP hay Delivery in Semi Loads Call Klint @ (701) 290-4418

TRUCKS FOR SALE

1972 International 4300 12-yard dump truck.

1981 Freightliner with Cat 450 hp, 5th wheel, good tires.

1978 International Transtar II 400 Cummins Big Cam II. 1982 40-ft. utility flatbed 5th wheel trailer.

1987 Farmbed 42-ft. trailer, roll tarp.

1984 Mack RL700L V8, 5th wheel.

1974 IHC 1600 truck, 16-ft. grain box with hoist.

1976 GMC 6000 truck, 16-ft. grain box with hoist.

1974 Ford 750 truck, 16-ft. grain box with hoist.

1978 International 1700 truck, 5 yard dump.

1967 Ford 600 truck, 16-ft. bulk box, 20” belt.

1978 Chevrolet C60 line truck, 5000 lb. crane, 40-ft. boom.

1959 Chevrolet C60 truck, 16-ft. bulk box, 24” belt.

1978 GMC C70 tandem, 20-ft. grain box with hoist.

1982 Chevrolet tandem, 20-ft. bulk box, self unload.

1974 Chevrolet C65 tandem, 20-ft. bulk box, self unload.

1954 GM military 21/2-ton truck with 5th wheel, 302.

1956 GM military 21/2-ton truck with 1200x20 tires.

Lots of truck tires with wheels.

Phone cell Lots of trucks for restoration.

(406) 490-3795 Lots of bumper pull trailers.

Anaconda, MT Lots of trucks not listed.

National Banana Day

The deadline for advertising for the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th

NEW HDPE PIPE – IN STOCK –

1” – 11/4” – 11/2” – 2” – 3” & 4” x 200 psi

Date Celebrated: April 16th Here are some bits of trivia to get started with: • A banana is technically not a fruit, it’s really a berry! This has to do with the fact that the seeds are located inside the flesh rather than on the outside.

• Because they contain so much of the isotope Potassium-40, bananas are technically radioactive. The good news is that they can’t harm a person unless they are eating around 700 or more bananas per day for their entire lifetime.

• Bananas cannot be grown simply from a seed, which means they are technically “sterile”. Instead, in order to propagate bananas, a piece from another banana plant has to be split and then grown, sort of like cloning.

• The growth of popularity of bananas can be partially attributed to Jules Verne, the American author who wrote about the fruit in his book Around the World in 80 Days, which brought them to the forefront of many people’s minds.

History of National Banana Day While bananas are believed to have originated in Southeast Asia, mainly in India. They made their way west by Arab conquerors in 327 BC, and eventually bananas ended up in Europe. By the 1870s, bananas made their way to the Caribbean with missionaries, where the bananas were originally used for micro crops (which means growing one crop that helps another crop to grow).

Eventually, though, bananas became a lucrative crop in their own right.

The popularity of bananas in the West grew throughout the late 1800s and early 1900s. As they became more affordable and less exotic, bananas were added to special dishes like the banana split, or used in baking recipes like banana bread.

Regarding the origins of National Banana Day, it is known that every year students at many prestigious American universities use National Banana Day as a way of celebrating this humble fruit as a lunchbox standard. On this day, they eat and share weird and wonderful banana concoctions (banana punch, anyone?), they dress as bananas and they generally go a bit…well…nuts.

And bananas too, of course.

Use for irrigation, stock water or drinking water.

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Yellow stripe for natural gas use.

Also available 3/4” to 2” SIDR TURF/IRRIGATION HDPE pipe 3/4” - 4” orange smooth wall HDPE conduit HDPE pipe available in 20 to 50-ft. lengths from 6” to 66” diameter Pipe is available by the stick - coil - reel - truckload Call Ed at Big Sky Pipe – Great Falls, MT Delivery available 406-453-7299 Veteran Owned

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2004 Ford Super Cab with a Deweze 375

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2010 Nash by Northwood 21-5R 5th wheel, GVW 7000#. Can sleep 2-6 people. New tires, new batteries, awning good, 40-gallon fresh water tank, A/C, heat, stove, microwave, and fridge.

Everything works

Phone (406) 450-8200 Conrad, MT

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C1

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C2

##### To note the historical significance of the first flight to the Moon, the Apollo 11 crew brought a piece of wood from the Wright brothers’ 1903 airplane.

WANTED

Father and young son looking for ranch to hunt elk.

Would pay cash or trade for construction project.

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NorthernPlainsIndependent-CommunityNews|Summer2024

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2024 wheat midge sampling forecasts low risk for 2025

“Soil samples collected in North Dakota wheat fields indicate the lowest populations of overwintering wheat midge larvae (cocoons), since the inception of the survey in 1995,” says Janet Knodel, North Dakota State University Extension entomologist. “For the fifth year in a row, low populations of wheat midge were present, potentially reducing farmer’s inputs for wheat midge management.”

But, Knodel cautions, “Wheat midge can still increase in pockets where timely spring rains occur in 2025. So, it is always good insurance to scout wheat fields during the susceptible crop stages of heading through mid-flowering.”

NDSU Extension agents collected a total of 1,920 soil core samples (10 cores per field) from 192 fields in 21 counties from August to October 2024. The distribution of wheat midge is based on unparasitized cocoons found in the soil samples. Historically, wheat midge has caused significant loss in yield and quality in spring wheat and durum wheat in the northern tier of North Dakota counties.

For 2024, wheat midge was positive at only three field sites (2% of the sites sampled) in three counties including Towner in the northeast, Pierce in the north-central region, and Ward in the northwest. These sites had low levels of wheat midge cocoons (1-200 cocoons per square meter), which does not result in yield loss in spring wheat the following year. No soil samples had moderate or high cocoon densities of wheat midge (201 to over 800 midge larvae per square meter).

“The majority of the soil samples had zero wheat midge cocoons for the past five years (98% in 2024, 90% in 2023, 97.5% in 2023, 95% in 2022 and 86% in 2021),” says Knodel. “We believe that the populations of wheat midge are low due to the lengthy drought in North Dakota. Drought also caused wheat midge emergence to be more irregular and out of sync with susceptible crop stages for infestation, resulting in low populations. Dry conditions will delay when wheat midge larvae drop out to the soil for overwintering in late summer. Larvae will remain in the wheat head and are often harvested with the grain, ending up in the grain truck or bin. Dry soil conditions also increase wheat midge mortality by making it difficult for the larvae to dig into the compacted soil for overwintering and by exposing them to predators on the soil surface.”

“With the very low populations of wheat midge for the fifth year in a row, scouting for wheat midge will be most important in continuous wheat fields. Wheat midge emergence and survival will be favored if North Dakota wheat growing areas receive over 1 inch of spring rains in May,” advises Knodel. “Wheat midge cocoons also can remain dormant for several years and adults then emerge in future years when soil moisture is adequate. However, if more favorable environmental conditions, especially spring rains, return to North Dakota, it could favor the development of overwintering larvae in the soil during spring and adult emergence from late June to mid-July.” These factors can cause rapid increases in the numbers of emerging adult wheat midge.”

Knodel says, “IPM scouts and insect trappers also monitored for wheat midge using sex pheromone trapping during the field season. Trap monitoring is more sensitive to low densities of wheat midge in fields and alerts farmers to potential economic infestations. Pheromone traps are used as an “early warning” system to trigger field scouting if the crop is in the susceptible stage. If more than 10 midges per trap are observed then field scouting should be initiated to determine if a field is at an economic threshold for wheat midge. In short, trapping serves to document the distribution of the wheat midge and its parasitoids, as well as guiding scouting efforts and IPM practices.”

A total of 20 pheromone traps were monitored in 18 counties in North Dakota in 2024. The past three years show a general decline in the total number of adult midges captured on traps: 2,287 adults in 2024, 8,446 adults in 2023, and 22,952 adults in 2022. The highest wheat midge counts were concentrated in the northwest and northeast counties of North Dakota.

Knodel points out that the beneficial parasitoid wasp that attacks and kills wheat midge is dependent on its host for its survival. So, it also continues to decline to low levels along with the wheat midge decline. No field sites had parasitic wasps in the 2024 midge soil samples. Past parasitism rates were low only 5% in 2023, and 0% in 2022 and 2021. Higher parasitism rate were observed in 2020 (15%), 36% in 2019 and 9% in 2018. However, the pheromone trapping found wasps at 35% of the 2024 trap sites, 37% of the trap sites CONTINUED ON PAGE C3

Fall dormancy in alfalfa

By Ben Beckman, UNL The time for spring planting alfalfa is just around the corner and two traits often confused, are fall dormancy and winter survival. Let’s look at fall dormancy today.

Fall dormancy is a measure of an alfalfa plant’s ability to regrow in the fall after harvest and spring following winter.

It is scored on a scale ranging from 1 to 11 with 1 being most dormant and 11 the least. Higher dormancy means a harvested plant will focus its resources in the fall on building reserves to survive the winter and less on new growth.

This tendency toward slower regrowth manifests throughout the year, with less dormant varieties typically recovering faster in the spring and producing overall higher yields.

Another role dormancy plays is keeping plants from starting growth during the random warm-ups in the fall and winter months. Plants that break bud during these periods are subject to winterkill.

Finally, fall dormancy can impact the harvest timetable.

Lower dormancy rated alfalfa plants will regrow slower after harvest as well. This translates into more time to remove forage from the field before “windrow disease” and field traffic become a concern.

In the past, fall dormancy traits were linked with winter survival. With new varieties, this isn’t always the case, so fall dormancy needs to be evaluated on its own.

Variety selection depends upon your management, production goals, and ability for a stand to make it through winter without sacrificing additional yield. If you have regular issues with stand winterkill, a lower rated variety with improved dormancy is our best bet. In Nebraska, we recommend dormancy ratings 1 through 5.

##### Knock, knock.

Who’s there?

Cargo.

Cargo who?

Car go, “Toot toot, vroom, vroom!” #### What’s blue and not very heavy?

Light blue.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C3

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SELF-DRAINING. THE ENERGY SAVER!

Call for more 701-974-3628 • Taylor, ND info: www.jurgensfarm.net

OVERSTOCKED SPRING SPECIAL 20% OFF LARGE POLES FOR HAY SHEDS AND POLE BARNS FROM 16’ TO 25’ LENGTHS info@postyard.com Lincoln, MT

2024 wheat midge sampling forecasts low risk for 2025

406-362-4222

PRODUCTS | TRAINING | REPAIR | TECHNICAL SERVICES

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C2

in 2023 and 50% of the trap sites in 2022. Dissecting wheat midge cocoons and trap monitoring for parasitoids help identify parasitoid distribution and overall success against wheat midge in North Dakota.

In summary, both soil cocoon sampling and trapping results show that wheat midge populations have declined significantly over the past years. However, pheromone trapping indicates that wheat midge is still widespread throughout the wheatgrowing areas of the state.

As expected, the presence of parasitoid wasps also has declined recently.

NDSU Extension county agents collected the soil samples and larval cocoons were extracted at the NDSU Extension Entomology laboratory.

The North Dakota Wheat Commission supports the wheat midge larval soil survey and pheromone trapping. ##### Always ride your horse in the direction that it is going.

– Carry Goossens ##### Always cross the river before reviling the crocodile’s mother. – Bill Tilman ##### When yu’ can’t have what you choose, yu’ just choose what you have.

PRECISION POWERS PROFITS Improved accuracy is a straight line to greater yields. PTx Trimble technology enables high-performance precision agriculture, no matter the season, crop, terrain or vehicle. Whether you’re tilling, planting, spraying or harvesting, choose the level of precision you need, from centimetre to sub-meter accuracy.

KEY HIGHLIGHTS: Higher Accuracy means less overlap and skips Less nudging or shifting More uptime from more satellites Reduced interference from solar storms and northern lights

Contact your local Frontier Precision Ag Representative for more information.

FRONTIER PRECISION | 406.622.3887 1428 MAIN STREET, FORT BENTON, MT 59442

WWW.FRONTIERPRECISION.COM/AG

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C4

TRUCK FOR SALE 1990 International 4900, 466 engine, 6-speed transmission, 10:00x22.5 tires very good, 6000 lbs. auto crane, IR compressor, 250 amp Lincoln, with Perkins engine, set Oxy and Act bottles.

DAWN Dashboard: A decision support tool for the Corn Belt

By Guillermo Balboa - Nutrient Management and Digital Agriculture, Christopher Neale - Director of Research, Water for Food Global Institute

$14,000

Phone (406) 544-5209 for more information.

Please leave a message.

Smith Truck Service

General truck and trailer maintenance and repair

(406) 770-3415 smithtruckservice11@gmail.com 9 Liberty Lane Manchester Industrial Park Great Falls, Montana

As digital agriculture continues to evolve, decision-support tools are becoming essential for farm management. In this latest digital ag series article, we explore an innovative, cost-free online toolkit designed to help Corn Belt farmers make informed water and nutrient management decisions by providing seasonal forecasts, crop progress tracking, and customizable insights to enhance farm efficiency and sustainability.

This is the fifth article of CropWatch’s digital agriculture series (DA), “How Digital is Agriculture in Nebraska?”

Our Nebraska Digital Ag Survey indi-

cated that digital dashboards have been adopted by three out of 10 farmers. Digital dashboards are considered decision support tools that can guide farmers in the decision-making process in their operations with the goal of increasing efficiency, productivity and sustainability of their farms.

Data-driven decisions are a key goal for digital agriculture. In this article, we are highlighting the Dashboard for Agricultural Water and Nutrient Management (DAWN), developed by a team of universities as part of a USDA NIFA grant.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C6

Grass and alfalfa mixtures

By Jerry Volesky, UNL Inter-seeding cool-season perennial grasses into older alfalfa stands has been a good option to increase the productivity of that field. If planning a new alfalfa seeding this year, using a grass and alfalfa mixture can also have some advantages.

If you regularly feed more than 5 or 6 pounds of alfalfa per day to stock cows during winter, they probably are getting way more than enough protein but maybe not enough TDN or energy. Mixing grass with alfalfa usually lowers the protein but slightly increases the TDN content of hay.

So, your cows actually could receive a more balanced diet.

Also, if you sometimes graze your hay fields, grass will reduce the risk of bloat.

In the field, grass can grow in areas where alfalfa is not well-adapted or fill in spots as alfalfa dies out. This is better than having weeds invade bare areas. Grass-alfalfa mixtures often dry out more rapidly after cutting than pure alfalfa so you might get more hay made without rain damage. And if it does rain, grass sheds rain well so the mixture usually suffers less injury, both in the windrow and in the bale.

Yield-wise, protein yield may be less with the mix, but total tonnage usually is about the same or higher than pure stands. Most of the grass yield will come at first cut, so regrowth will be mostly alfalfa. Selling a mixture can be more difficult, though, because dairies prefer pure alfalfa and grass is more difficult to grind.

Orchardgrass is a top choice for seeding with alfalfa, but other grasses like smooth brome, meadow brome, festulolium, or wheatgrasses will work as well. The seeding rate of the grasses will vary depending on the species that is used and what proportion of grass and alfalfa is desired.

Seeds and transplanting tips Once you’ve added potting soil to your pots, firm the mixture down to ½” (1.2 cm) from the top to the container using a flat piece of wood or the base of another pot.

The medium should be kept moist, but not wet or soggy.

Water from the base, allowing the medium to soak up the water like a sponge.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C5

406-727-7153

www.hovenequipment.com

Great Falls Sales:

4181 North Park Trail - Great Falls, MT (G)

James – (406) 868-2570; Will – (406) 590-0372; Tucker - (406) 440-5813

77335 US HWY 87 - Lewistown, MT (L)

Anna – (406) 231-4251

406-538-3919

CONSTRUCTION

2022 Bobcat E42 Mini Excavator, 403 engine hours. stk# 29370..................... $69,900 (G) 2022 Bobcat E35 Mini Excavator, 33 hp, 414 engine hours. stk# 29371.......... $59,900 (G) 2022 Bobcat E35 Mini Excavator, 25 hp, 403 engine hours. stk# 29373.......... $55,900 (G) 2024 Case CX37 Mini Excavator, New trade-in!

Excellent condition, 200 hours. stk# 32270.. .................................................. $54,900 (G)

2010 Bobcat 325 excavator, open station, thumb on boom, good tracks, 3470 engine hours. stk#32024....................... $19,500 (G) 2022 Bobcat T740 Compact Track Loader, 448 engine hours, Power Bobtach, 7 pin, dual direction bucket positioning, ride control, reverse fan. stk# 29376............. $69,900 (G) 2023 Case TV370B Compact Track Loader, New trade-in! 2 speed, HVAC, Joystick, 5-year extended warranty. Excellent condition, 570 hours. stk# 32264....... $57,900 (G) 2023 Bobcat S740 Skidsteer, cab, HVAC, high flow, selectable joystick, 144 engine hours. stk# 29380................................. $60,500 (G) 1994 Bobcat 773 Skidsteer. stk# 31453.......... .................................................. $14,900 (G)

2017 Bobcat MT85 stand on loader with Bobcat Interface, 1652 hours, Diamond tread turf tracks, new wide tracks & 44” bucket, Kubota D902-EF01 engine. stk# 32149..$18,000 (G)

2017 New Holland LM7.42 Elite telehandler, reverse fan, rear hyd couple, ext. tool box, continuous flow aux hyd, Bluetooth & aux radio, bucket/grapple, engine hours 3621. stk# 22833..................................$95,000 (L) Quick Attach Sledge Pounder skidsteer mount. stk# 29228........................ $2900 (G) 2018 JCB 48” pallet fork. stk# 31522..$850 (G) 2011 Bobcat 80 dozer blade. stk# 31340........ ..................................................... $5965 (G) Quick Attach 68” angle blade. stk# 32129..(G) Bobcat 68” angle broom. Good bristles. stk# 32128...................................................... (G) 2019 Bobcat 8B wood chipper, lightly used, skidsteer attachment, two side attachment, hydraulic drive. stk# 31613..................... (G) High Volume 66” bucket, skid steer attachment. stk# 29035...................................... $650 (G) 2018 Bobcat 68” bucket. Includes blot on cutting edge. stk# 23986.......................... $1245 (G) 2014 Bobcat drop hammer. stk# 17553........... ..................................................... $5900 (G)

SPRAYERS

2021 Bobcat 5600 Toolcat, Brand-new engine with 0 hours and warranty! Deluxe cab & high flow. stk# 32095................. $69,000 (G)

SWATHERS

Let us show you what we can do for your bottom line with this NH 310 sprayer fully equipped with a nearly new $230,000 Weed-It system!

Spray weeds, not dirt.

Lewistown Sales:

TRACTORS

BALE PROCESSORS

2024 Kubota LX3310HSD tractor, 32 hp, hydrostatic transmission, 74 hours, with warranty. stk# 32065................................. $26,900 (G) 2007 John Deere 9520 tractor, new tires, 4 remotes, buddy seat, Trimble GPS, hydraulic steering, 6219 engine hours. stk# 31467...... ................................................. $163,400 (L) Steiger PT225 tractor. stk# 20554..$25,000 (G)

2023 Vermeer BPX9010 R&S processor, 1000 PTO, right hand discharge. stk# 29565......... ................................................... $29,900 (L)

2009 Vermeer BPX8000 processor, round only. stk# 11189................................. $14,900 (G) 2016 Haybuster 2665 processor, round bale only, fine cut. stk# 32154............ $18,000 (L) 2006 New Holland TS130A tractor with loader/ grapple, Semi powershift, cab, 3 remotes, rear wheel weight, 540/1000 PTO, 4529 engine hours. stk# 31403........... $79,900 (L) 1988 Case 2096 tractor, DuAl 310 loader, 130 hp., 3 rear remotes, 10,871 engine hours. stk# 31858.................................. $31,250 (L) Case 2090 tractor. stk# 15702................... Call 2022 Bobcat CT2025 HST tractor, 56 engine hours. stk# 29350....................... $24,000 (L)

ROUND BALERS

2018 New Holland RB560 laced belts, ISO monitor, net only, hydraulic ramp, 1000 PTO with cut out clutch, bale count of 10,479. stk# 22242......................................... $34,900 (L)

MISCELLANEOUS

2023 NEW Morris 1400 Hayhiker, 14 round bale hay wagon. stk# 30270............. $55,000 (G) 2018 Manitou 96” grapple bucket. Mount for New Holland/Gehl/Manitou. stk# 22839..$5888 (L) 72” bucket. stk# 26358....................... $700 (G) Howard M100 rotavator, 3-pt., 100” tiller. stk# 32199............................................$4000 (L) 2014 Danuser F8 3-pt. post hole digger with 12” bit. stk# 18366. ............................ $1200 (G) 2019 Danuser 200173 18” rock auger bit with 2” hex head. stk# 29016............... $1800 (G) 2019 Toro 34225 stand on spreader. stk# 25200........................................... $5000 (G) 2022 Salt Dogg SHPE0750 Sand/Salt spreader, stainless steel auger and frame. stk# 32348........................................... $2850 (G)

TILLAGE

2020 New Holland 260 swather, 411 engine hours, full GPS, DLX cab, suspended axle/ cab, single caster, LED lights, DLX mirrors, 419 header. stk# 25673........... $189,000 (L) 2021 New Holland 260 swather, 371 engine hours, GPS complete, high speed, 600# weight, 419 header attached. stk# 27182.... .................................................$179,000 (L) 2017 MacDon M1240 swather with 16-ft. R85 header, No GPS, draper ready, cap & rear axle suspension, LED lights, Bluetooth radio, steel conditioner, shear protection. Excellent condition. 749 engine hours. stk# 21654...... ................................................ $144,900 (G)

2019 New Holland SP310F sprayer, 1200 gallon, Weed-It System, Mono Boom, 120-ft., 5-way nozzles, auto rinse, ISO, Full GPS, 2960 hours. stk# 24818........... $479,900 (G) 2005 New Holland SF115 sprayer, 110-ft., 1500 gallon tank. stk# 28655...............$12,000 (G)

RAKES

2022 NEW New Holland 1631 rake, 16 wheel high capacity, single side opening, 60”, rear tandems, rear hydraulic opening. stk# 28671. .Payments as low as $5530/oac (G) 2022 New Holland 230 7 bar, hydraulic rake. stk# 28667..................................$49,900 (L) 2009 New Holland HT154 12 wheel rake, needs 2 new tires. stk# 31739................ $9500 (G) 2013 Vermeer R2300 hydraulic 23-ft. rake. stk# 25560.........................................$19,000 (L)

2018 New Holland RB560 ISO with monitor, endless belts, net/twine, 1000 PTO, 13,670 bales. stk# 22245....................... $39,000 (L) 2014 Case IH RB565 baler, ISO, laced belts, x-wide pickup, casters, roller windguard, large flotation tires, net/twine, 15,958 bales. stk# 22476......................................... $35,900 (L) 2010 John Deere 568 baler, twine, 1000 PTO, roller windguard, large float tires, 19,886 bales. stk# 31510......................... $9900 (G) 2004 Hesston 956A baler, twine only. stk# 9821.............................................. $3490 (G) Hesston 856A baler, 15,050 bales. stk# 22105........................................... $4900 (G)

SQUARE BALER

2022 Vermeer TM1410 swing tongue with floats, 2 remotes, electric, hydraulic kits, 1000 PTO. stk# 29072................................. $59,900 (G)

AUGERS

2008 Vermeer 2300 hydraulic basket rake. stk# 31803.........................................$19,000 (L) 2006 Vermeer R2300 rake. stk# 8029............. .................................................. $12,900 (G) Hesston 12 wheel rake. stk# 30919.$13,000 (L)

HEADERS

2024 NEW Westfield WCX3 1549FMD conveyor, 37 hp EFI engine, self propelled kit, hydraulic kit. stk#32081............. $47,000 (G) 2011 Westfield MK13LP hopper. stk# 14046... ..................................................... $4500 (G)

2019 MacDon FD140D header. stk# 31005...... .................................................. $99,500 (G) 2015 MacDon PW8 pickup header, 16-ft. wide. stk# 31025................................. $27,900 (G) 2009 Case 2142 35-ft. pea auger header. stk# 32265................................. $34,000 (G)

2014 New Holland 340 big square baler, density control, tandem axle, ISO intellview, large 1000 PTO, roller chute, roller windguard, new needles & knotters, bale count of 11,402.

With a free one-season warranty. stk# 30935........................................ $89,900 (G)

UTV VEHICLE

2022 Maverick X3 DS RR UTV. New trade-in!

Excellent condition, low hours. stk# 32272........ .................................................. $21,900 (G)

2018 Gates 84-ft. Magnum 5 bar harrow, 26x9/16 teeth with carbides, hyd tine adjust., excellent condition. stk# 31435..$59,900 (G) 2023 NEW Maybridge 2M26 Harrow. stk# 31173........................................ $15,900 (G) 2023 NEW Kirchner 8-ft plow, Cat II, 3-pt. unit with 16” sweeps. stk# 30802....................(L)

John Deere 18-in. planer, 14 pin control, carbide teeth, high flow. stk# 31623.......... $9900 (G)

COMBINE

2012 Case 7120 combine, full GPS, leather seat, yield and moisture, man tank, lateral tilt, standard rotor, small grain, 3271 hours. stk# 32235................................. $62,000 (G) 2011 Case 7120 combine, full GPS, HID lights, fine cut chopper, man grain tank, leather seat, 4156 hours. stk# 32234............. $38,000 (G) 2009 Case 7120 combine, HID lights, cloth seat, standard rotor, small grain, 4889 hours. stk# 32232........................................ $38,000 (G) 2009 Case 7120 combine, standard chopper, cloth seat, HID lights, standard rotor, small grain, 5170 hours. stk# 32233... $38,000 (G)

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C6

Needing an irrigation or stock water project design?

Designs include pipeline hydraulics, pump recommendations, pipeline size, and pressure rating.

Completed designs include a set of drawings that meet your needs. All projects are completed within approximately 30 days from the initial field visit.

DAWN Dashboard: A decision support tool for the Corn Belt COONTINUED FROM PAGE C4

All projects will meet USDA-NRCS specifications.

• Licensed Professional Engineer • Registered Technical Service Provider for USDA-NRCS • Life time member of the Irrigation Association • 40 years design and field experience.

If you are looking for an independent, non-biased design based on your business needs CONTACT: Randy Pierce PE, Oxbow Engineering, LLC (406) 600-8528 or email Kinseyk1d51@gmail.com

1992 Ford L9000 Water Truck 2500 gal. tank, PTO pump, front and rear spray, hose reel, 350hp ser. 60, 9spd., Locker, PS, AB, 50% 11r24.5’s, runs and sprays great..........$25,500 1996 Peterbilt 385 350hp Cat, 6spd. Allison, PTO, AC, PS, Jake, 14.6K front,40K rear on Chalmers, 17-ft. steel frame, 50% 11r24.5’s on aluminum, 429K miles..........$24,500 1999 International 8100 305hp C10 Cat, 10spd., PS, AB, PTO, 18K front, 40K rears, air ride, 17-ft. double frame, 90% 22.5 tires, 345K miles, unmounted 14-ft. Galion Dump box...............................$17,500 2000 Freightliner FL70 5 yd Dump 210hp 8.3 Cummins, 6spd, AC, AB, pintle hitch, 10-ft. dump, air gate, 70% 11r22.5’s, 30K GVW............................$21,500 2004 Chevrolet C4500 6.6 Duramax, PS, AC, AT, 90% 225r19.5 tires, 81K miles, 12ft. service body, 16K GVW. Runs and drives great.$15,500 1995 International 4900 Hi-Rail Crane Truck 210hp DT466, 10spd, AC, PS, AB,7.5 ton National crane exh. brake, 60% 22.5 tires, full rail gear, aux. hydraulics...$15,500 1986 Freightliner FLC112 10 yd Dump 400 Cummins, Jake, 9spd, 15’ box, plumbed for pup, 75% 11r24.5’s, roll tarp, air gate, spring suspension, steel frame, runs and works great...$22,500 2005 JLG G6-42A 4x4x4 telehandler 6600 lbs. lift cap, 42-ft. lift height, JD 4045 turbo, 5600 hours, 4WD, Crab-Steering, 4 spd, powershift transmission, 48” Forks, 60% foam flled tires, weights 20K#, runs and works great............................$32,500

Figure 1. Landing page of the Dashboard for Agricultural Water and Nutrient Management Dashboard.

The DAWN Dashboard applies an innovative forecasting and risk analysis system to provide farmers and water managers across the Corn Belt with the most relevant and reliable information for farm-level decision-making. DAWN is an online toolkit for Corn Belt row crop producers that’s designed to support – and better inform – common water- and nutrient-management decisions. Driven by a state-of-the-art regional forecast system, DAWN empowers farmers to make decisions based on accurate seasonal forecasts rather than historical trends.

The University of Nebraska-Lincoln is involved in this project and contributes to the development of a new irrigation scheduling tool and with extension efforts to advocate for the use of the dashboard across Nebraska.

Why Use DAWN? Driven by global forecast from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Corn Belt-specific Climate-Weather Research Forecasting (DAWN-CWRF) forecast model.

Seasonal forecasts (one- to six-month outlooks) for strategic planning decisions Interactive and customizable.

All data is fully secure and confidential.

Cost-free, no ads.

Available Tools Data viewer: Gives farmers predicted ranges and associated likelihoods for aver-

age monthly temperature and precipitation outlooks.

Growing Degree Tool: Gives farmers estimates for predicted maturity dates comparing to previous years based on your location, planting dates and relative maturity values.

Crop Progress Tool: Gives farmers predicted dates for important crop growth stages based on your location, planting dates and relative maturity values.

Dry Down Calculator: Predicts when your corn will reach a target grain moisture date based on starting moisture and observed maturity date (black layer, R6).

Figure 4. The crop progress tool showing key phenological stages for three planting dates and two maturity groups for Lincoln, Nebraska. Color bars show probabilities for each stage. Dotted line shows the prediction using normal (historical) weather data.

Links to DAWN Dashboard and Training Materials DAWN website: https://dawn.umd.edu/ DAWN Dashboard free registration/guest log-in: https://dawn.umd.edu/login YouTube channel: youtube.com/@dawn. project (tutorials and training) Email: dawn.nifa@gmail.com Follow us on X: https://x.com/DawnProj Facebook https://www.facebook.com/ TheDAWNProj If you are interested in providing feedback or participating in our focus groups regarding these and upcoming Digital Agriculture tools, please send an email to Guillermo Balboa (Subject: DAWN testing).

1991 Autocar 12-yard Dump 425 hp Cat 3406B, 18 spd., Jake, lift axle, full lockers, 15.5ft. box, 60% 11R24.5’s, 700K miles, pintle hitch, air gate, runs and drives great...$26,500 1997 Gradall 534C-10 Telehandler 4x4, 40’ lift height, 4BT Cummins, 7100 hrs, outriggers, 10K capacity, 60% 14.00x24 tires, runs and works great....... ....................................$29,500

J&T Equipment Sales, Stevensville, MT

406-381-3159 – www.jandtequipmentsales.com

The “tool booth” is always a popular spot at MATE in Billings, Montana. I’m sure most guys would say they can never have too many tools.

WHY PAY MORE?

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C7

Invoice pricing less rebates on all 2024 Holdovers

Josh 391-0602

2024 Chevrolet Trax LT 9k miles

2021 Ford F150 Lariat 55k miles

2022 Ram 1500 Rebel

2020 Ford F350 Lariat 6.7 diesel Price Reduced: $40,500

2014 Ford F150 King Ranch

2016 Ford F150 Lariat Price Reduced: $21,700

2015 Ram 3500 Tradesman

2017 Ford F250, 6.7 Diesel

2025 Ford Escape Active SUV

Photos on website

2018 Ford F150 Lariat

2022 Ford Expedition Max XLT SUV Price Reduced: $39,500

2024 Ford F250 Lariat 6.7L diesel

Klay 590-2313

Josh 391-7056

2021 Ford Explorer ST

2016 Ford F250 Lariat 6.7 diesel

2023 Ford F150 Lariat 16,000 miles 2021 Chevy Tahoe Premier

2015 Ford F150 Lariat 2018 Ram 3500

2024 Ford F150 Lariat Invoice Pricing!!!

2008 Ford F550 XLT Chassis Cab

2019 Ford F150 Platinum Price Reduced: $33,800 2024 Ford F150 XLT

2025 Ford Explorer ST

Check out our full inventory

www.northernford.com

120 West Main Cut Bank, MT • 1-800-823-1234

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C8

NEW-TO-YOU EQUIPMENT DEEREQUIPMENT.COM • Contact Jeff Fjelstad at (406) 633-5032 for more information

2024 John Deere 9R 640 Retail: $608,400 Stock: 364035

2009 John Deere 9230 Retail: $156,400 Stock: 365316

2009 John Deere 9230 Retail: $125,000 Stock: 354764

2010 John Deere 9430 Retail: $161,200 Stock: 360557

2014 John Deere 9510R Retail: $244,068 Stock: 365588

2012 John Deere 9510R Retail: $257,947 Stock: 365564

2007 John Deere 9530 Retail: $156,100 Stock: 365654

2012 John Deere 9560R Retail: $240,400 Stock: 362790

2010 John Deere 1830 Retail: $35,000 Stock: 358666

2012 John Deere 1835 Retail: $120,100 Stock: 368228

2014 John Deere 1895 Retail: $192,000 Stock: 360558

New Holland P1070 Retail: $71,900 Stock: 360809

2015 Bourgault 3320-76 Retail: $199,000 Stock: 353773

2024 Bourgault 333576/91300 Retail: $697,000 Stock: 363744

2024 Bourgault 333566/9950 Retail: $640,700 Stock: 363745

2022 Bourgault 3335 Retail: $597,400 Stock: 346362

2016 Seedmaster 8012 / Nova 780 Retail: $238,800 Stock: 365463

2009 Case IH ATX700 / ADX3430 Retail: $40,800 Stock: 357910

2008 Case IH FLEX700/ PA3580 Retail: $83,800 Stock: 365425

2016 Case IH 4585/700 flex hoe Retail: $162,700 Stock: 356931

April 2025

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C9

2023 John Deere 6155M Retail: $190,000 Stock: 330209

2013 John Deere 6170R Retail: $109,800 Stock: 365587

2017 John Deere 6195R Retail: $173,100 Stock: 365109

2012 John Deere 7215R Retail: $115,300 Stock: 356550

1994 John Deere 7800 Retail: $69,900 Stock: 365796

2004 John Deere 7820 Retail: $72,600 Stock: 368629

1995 John Deere 8100 Retail: $76,750 Stock: 366537

2008 John Deere 8130 Retail: $118,000 Stock: 364777

2000 John Deere 8210 Retail: $64,000 Stock: 365222

2004 John Deere 8220 Retail: $109,800 Stock: 363968

2009 John Deere 8230 Retail: $82,800 Stock: 365531

1998 John Deere 8300 Retail: $85,000 Stock: 363823

2016 Case IH Maxxum 125 CVT T4B Retail: $78,600 Stock: 361278

2014 Case IH Magnum 290 Retail: $93,673 Stock: 368631

2014 John Deere 8295R Retail: $197,000 Stock: 363114

2024 Degelman PRO TILL 26 2023 Degelman PRO TILL 41 2023 Degelman PRO TILL 45 2023 Miscellaneous Ditch Filler Retail: $138,661 Retail: $184,646 Retail: $188,283 Retail: $9,899 Stock: 351067 Stock: 322199 Stock: 328470 Stock: 335642

2024 John Deere 8R 310 Retail: $437,300 Stock: 364499

2023 John Deere 8R 280 Retail: $343,600 Stock: 363592

2024 John Deere 6155M Cab Retail: $193,200 Stock: 343214

2023 John Deere 6145M Retail: $181,000 Stock: 302610

2023 John Deere 6145M Retail: $190,300 Stock: 358868

2023 John Deere 6145M Retail: $187,100 Stock: 358873

Contact Jeff Fjelstad for information (406) 633-5032

Visit us at DEEREQUIPMENT.COM

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C10

Do you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch? Have you found what you needed? Please, tell our advertisers!

Dean Brandt Phil Gates (406) 899-4763 (406) 750-3071 office: (406) 268-9614 email: mtmtlfab@gmail.com

Tammy Copenhaver of 406 Digital Imaging shared some great tips for securing your online presence at Montana’s Next Generation Conference back in January 2025. Photo by Kari Lewis.

Alfalfa insects in 2025

Used Pipe

2 7/8”...............$51/joint 3 1/2”..................$65/joint 4 1/2”..................$105/joint

Used Sucker Rods

/4’’ x 25’..............$6.95/Stick 7 /8” x 25’..................$9.25/Stick 1” x 25’....................$10.90/Stick 3

Prices FOB Glendive, MT Selling good quality used pipe and steel at competitive prices.

Call to inquire about other sizes in stock.

Delivery available

Phone - 406-480-2979

By Samantha Daniel, UNL As we enter the final weeks of winter and look towards the 2025 growing season, this is a great time to review your insect scouting program to ensure accurate and timely management of insect pests in your alfalfa.

The most significant alfalfa insect pests to be on the lookout for in 2025 are army cutworm and alfalfa weevil.

In 2024, there were several reports of these insects causing damage to fields from across the state.

The Army Cutworm, also known as the miller moth in the adult form, is a caterpillar with a wide host range that includes alfalfa. Because these caterpillars feed at night, feeding damage or other signs of an infestation are usually noticed first. Feeding damage from this insect consists of semi-circular areas eaten from leaf edges or circular holes in leaves. A delay in green-up or higher than average bird activity can also be signs of infestation. Scouting for this insect should begin in early April.

Alfalfa Weevil was responsible for significant damage to some fields in 2024, particularly in central and eastern Nebraska. Producers, including those in the west, should begin scouting for this insect in early April or when spring growth begins. Feeding damage appears as pinholes in the terminal leaves, with leaves becoming skeletonized as feeding severity increases. Severely damaged fields may have a frosted appearance.

With some planning and a scouting program in place, alfalfa insect pest populations can be successfully managed and maintained below thresholds in 2025.

Class prank Five teachers at a Windsor, Ontario, middle school announced in early 2013 that the eighth grade’s annual class trip would be to Disney World! They told the students in an assembly, and prepared a video and PowerPoint presentation to detail the trip. It was such a happy moment that the teachers made sure to videotape the kids’ priceless reactions They also got their reactions on tape when they informed the kids that it was all a prank – they were really going bowling. When the school principal found out, he came up with a trip that he felt was less expensive than Disney World but more exciting than bowling, and sent the kids to Niagara Falls.

Winter Tree and Shrub Pruning: Maintenance for Your Green Infrastructure

By Micah Most, UW Extension Educator, Johnson County When thinking of winter chores, the tasks of scooping snow, keeping animals fed, and breaking ice on water tanks come to mind. But there is another less obvious task that should be completed in the late winter months: pruning trees and shrubs.

Why prune?

Trees and shrubs are part of the green infrastructure of a property, which means they provide natural services. These woody plants offer protection from both summer sun and winter wind. They contribute to the water cycle. They increase energy savings when shading residences, and according to the Arbor Day Foundation, mature trees can increase the value of a residential property.

Pruning is considered essential maintenance for trees and shrubs, setting them up for long, healthy lives while also minimizing personal and property risk. Pruning can also help create defensible spaces around homes and outbuildings to reduce impacts during wildfires.

When to prune Pruning during the late winter months is ideal. By this time, deciduous trees and shrubs are completely dormant; they are not actively moving water and nutrients between roots and the leaf canopy as they do during spring, summer, and fall months.

A pruning cut is an open wound that is susceptible to infection, and the tree or shrub’s only mechanism to heal is to seal it off over time. During the winter, it is much less likely that disease will be introduced to a fresh pruning cut because disease vectors are less abundant. Insects that transfer fungal spores and bacterial diseases are not active during the colder months.

Another advantage to pruning in February and March is that the branching structure is clearly visible on deciduous CONTINUED ON PAGE C12

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C11

If you have items you want advertised in the May 2025 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is April 30th.

PLOWDOWN ALFALFA Brand

MIX 25%

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“Plowdown” is #9 fall dormancy.

It is supposed to winterkill, but has often been known to overwinter for a second growing season!

You could plant “Plowdown” as a one year only crop. Great for a bean crop, for example, next growing season.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C12

If you have items you want advertised in the May 2025 issue THE VERY LATEST WE CAN ACCEPT THEM is April 30th.

MT Tractors Call (406) 370-6362 - Stevensville, MT Email: penderfarms@aol.com

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C11

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species. This makes it easier to identify problem spots that should be addressed. Problems in evergreen species can be less noticeable, but for the disease concerns listed above, winter is still an ideal time to prune.

Pruning while a tree is young and relatively small will reduce the need for more complex management after the tree matures.

How to prune Pruning cuts should be made at the base of each branch just outside the point of attachment. This is technically referred to as the trunk collar, a swollen structure Figure 1. Anatomy of the that marks the transition from main trunk collar area and threestep pruning cut placement trunk to branch. Figure 1 illustrates from the Wyoming State Forthis anatomy. estry Division’s Wyoming Branches less than half an inch Tree Owner’s Manual, page in diameter can be pruned with 19. Illustration by Jennifer hand pruners. Branches up to an Salveson. inch and a half in diameter can be pruned with bypass loppers. Branches of a diameter larger than that should be cut with a saw. If disease is suspected, tools should be sanitized with rubbing alcohol between cuts.

Larger branches should be removed using the three-cut technique to reduce the risk of stripping bark off the trunk.

First, an undercut is made partway through the branch. Second, an over cut is made farther out on the branch from the undercut; this cut removes the majority of the branch, and any bark tearing will stop at the undercut. Third, the stub is removed at the trunk collar. Figure 1 demonstrates the proper placing of these pruning cuts.

Post-pruning sealers or treatments are no longer recommended. The tree or shrub will undertake its own natural process to seal off the area of pruning-induced injury.

Pruning branches out of mature trees involves risk and can be very dangerous. This kind of work is best left to professionals. Arborists certified by the International Society for Arboriculture have advanced training and can help homeowners make tree care decisions.

What to prune Pruning is for maintenance, not recreation. Every single cut induces injury and should be purposeful and justified.

There is a lot more to the task than aesthetics alone.

First, clear out dead and broken branches. Note that dead wood can be cut out at any time of the year with no risk of introducing disease. Look for branches that are sloughing their bark or have turned a gray/black color, an indicator of dead tissue. No matter the time of year, broken branches should be removed with a clean cut—this reduces the surface area of the injury and the likelihood that disease can enter.

Next on the list to prune are branches with any structural faults. Branches that are crossing or rubbing against each other create a site where disease and rot can occur. Closely evaluate crossing branches and remove the less desirable of the two at its collar.

Young trees often have multiple branches competing to become the strong, central trunk, which is called a leader.

The correct structure for most species of shade trees in Wyoming is a single central leader; multiple leaders can lead to trunk splitting from wind shear or snow loads as the tree matures—not good!

Identify the most central and most upright, vertically growing branch to be the leader. Other branches that appear to be competing leaders should be “tipped back” by reducing the height by 4–6 inches on a young tree. Make this cut at an outward-facing node to encourage lateral growth.

Beyond structural issues, pruning should be conducted to maintain visibility around corners and at intersections.

Ensuring sufficient clearance for people and vehicles around sidewalks, driveways and lanes should be a priority. Trees and shrubs should not touch houses or outbuildings.

Note that shrubs like lilacs that bloom in early spring set their flowers in the year prior to bloom. Pruning these species during the winter can reduce the bloom display the next spring. They are best pruned in the two weeks immediately after the last blooms fade.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C13

The DEADLINE for advertising in May 2025 issue is Wednesday, April 30th

actionfarmtoys.com 406-651-8199

$

Tyrel Hlavnicka from AquaSource Drilling had a packed room for his Water and Drilling talk at Montana’s Next Generation Conference in Shelby February 1. Tyrel is a second-generation Montana water well driller and grew up in the water well industry in Choteau. Photo by Kari Lewis.

9600

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1/16 John Deere M with Plow "75th Anniversary 1947-2022" printed on the tractor. Prestige Collection high detail series, die-cast metal with rubber tires, removable 2-bottom plow. Made by Ertl, 11.5"L x 4.25"H x 4"W, for ages 14 & up.

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2005 Freightliner Century 60 series Detroit, 10 speed, 950K miles, runs great!.............$14,500

2007 Mack dump truck, ISX 565hp, 18 speed, 20k fronts, 46k rears, full lockers, 19-ft. box, plumbed for pup, 430k miles ....... ........................................$59,500

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1987 Trailking belly dump, triple axle, spring ride, plumbed for a pup..................................$15,500

2014 Skytrack 10054 10k telehandler, enclosed cab, 54-ft. reach, 4800 hours........... $59,500 or Rent

2003 Gradall 544D-10 10k telehandler, enclosed cab, 55-ft. reach................................$34,500

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2007 Freightliner Columbia day cab, 60 series Detroit, 470 hp, 10 speed, lockers, steerable lift axle, wet kit, 700k miles...$34,500

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(5) 2006 Silver Eagle converter dollies........................ $2500 each

2010 Towmaster gooseneck trailer, 10k axles, beavertail and ramps...............................$10,000

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2016 Ford F-350 Lariat, crew cab, 6.7L diesel, heated and cooled seats, 5th wheel, aftermarket wheels and tires, deleted, 175,000 miles. Previous salvage title...................................$20,000

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2016 McCloskey 36”x80-ft. radial gravel stacker, electric drive, scales...................... Rental Unit!

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2016 Cat 299D 2 speed, 2500 hours................................$45,000

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1996 JC 3 axle pintle hitch trailer, 50K lb ramps...................$15,000

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2010 Kobelco SK140 excavator, zero tail swing, auxiliary hydraulic, 4800 hours, extensive work orders..............................$50,000

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C14

EQUIPMENT AND IRRIGATION FOR SALE Goodyear Ultratorque 420/85 R28 front tractor tire, shedded.

Willmar fertilizer tender, late 70s.

1979 GMC hood and radiator support.

Wade Rain 5” 5-ft. wheel line.

Travis 5” 5-ft. wheel line.

Nelson P200 Big Guns on carts.

A&M 55 Series ringlock 6” 30-ft. pipe.

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Phone (406) 600-4146

Full dimension rough cut lumber • Custom sawing • Beams • Wood siding • Driveway arches • Bridge planks • Fireplace mantels • And much more.....

780 1st Rd. S - Vaughn, MT

Call The Weaver Family (406) 788-7989 www.bigskysawmill.vpweb.com e-mail: bigskysawmill@gmail.com

WANT TO BUY:

New Holland bale wagons.

Model 1032, 1033, 1036, or 1037.

An example farm map illustrating the required runoff/erosion and spray drift buffer zones around habitat areas, as referenced in the new pesticide label guidelines for protecting listed species. (Image courtesy Nebraska Department of Agriculture)

Endangered species protection: Coming to a label near you

By Craig Romary - Environmental Programs Specialist, Nebraska Department of Agriculture You’ve likely heard about national market until the EPA ensured the pesticides changes coming to pesticide product labels complied with the ESA. As a result, the to protect federally listed threatened and EPA developed new strategies to provide endangered species (listed species) from protections for hundreds of listed species up pesticide impacts. The information below front as each product goes through registrais intended to help explain what has haption or registration review. This allows the pened, what likely will happen, and how EPA to protect listed species much faster to comply with new label language for the while ensuring products stay on the market protection of Nebraska’s listed species. Refor growers. Currently, these new proteccently registered products are provided as tion strategies only target conventional an example — these are the first products to herbicides, insecticides, rodenticides, and have gone through the registration process fungicides with agriculture uses. However, and have the protections described below similar changes are expected to pesticide on the label. products used outdoors.

Background The ESA strategies themselves are not For decades, the EPA tried to comply regulatory but rather the method for which with the Endangered Species Act (ESA) on the EPA will register active ingredients. The a pesticide-by-pesticide, species-by-species bulletins and pesticide label, summarized basis. However, because this approach is below, are regulatory documents that need very slow and costly, it resulted in litigato be followed to comply. tion against the agency and uncertainty for How This Will Affect You users about the continued availability of Your product label may require a minimany pesticides. At the beginning of 2021, mum level of mitigation measures (or acthe EPA faced almost two dozen lawsuits tions) to protect “generalist” listed species covering thousands of pesticide products most anywhere in the state. These are listed for failure to meet ESA obligations for species that don’t have specific, definable pesticides. Some of these lawsuits resulted locations and that rely on a variety of plants in courts removing pesticides from the CONTINUED ON PAGE C16

I believe the Krogmann BaleBed is the most outstanding bed on the market. I like the features this bed has over the competition.”

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1-877-745-3783 • www.krogmannmfg.com

Graphic courtesy Nebraska Department of Agriculture

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C15

Big Sky Equipment Co. Phone 406-278-3277 Toll-free 1-800-332-7541 Conrad, Montana

Sales Kurt Christiaens 450-3277 cell

Service Corey Combs, 781-7678 cell

website: www.bigskyequip.com

USED AIR DRILLS

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USED TRACTORS

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IN STOCK!

USED BALER

New 2024 Apache AS1250 Sprayers 2008 New Holland SD550 drill with SC430 tow-between cart, 12” spacing, 60 ft., single shoot, 4.5” steel packers. ....................................................... $47,500 2001 Flexi-Coil 5000 57-ft., 12” spacing, 3.5 inch steel packers, single shoot, 3450 tow between tank, variable rate............................................................... $42,500

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USED HEADERS

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USED SPRAYERS

MacDon D65D 35-ft. draper header, double knife drive, triple delivery (deck shift)........................... $47,900 2013 MacDon D65 40-ft. windrower draper header, pickup reel, gauge wheels......................... $22,500 2010 MacDon D60 45 ft. draper header with pickup reel, transport............................. Reduced $39,900 2009 MacDon D60-45 draper header, slow speed transport, upper cross auger............... Just Traded 2010 Case IH 2016 pickup header with Swathmaster pickup......................................................... $14,900

USED BALE PROCESSORS 2022 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, autoguidance, chopper & spreader, electric folding grain tank cover, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors, Sunnybrook concaves...............................$489,900 2024 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, autoguidance, chopper & spreader, electric folding covers, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors....$539,900 2018 New Holland CR8.90 combine, duals, autoguidance, electric folding covers, chopper and spreader, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors................$249,900 2013 Case IH 8230 combine, auto guidance, chopper, AFX rotor, very clean................................$145,900 1998 Case IH 2388 combine with 36-ft. 2042 header.. ....................................................................$34,900 1995 Case IH 2188 combine with 1010 15-ft pickup header.........................................................$19,995 2006 John Deere 9760 STS combine....REDUCED $10,000 to...................................................$39,900

2021 New Holland SP310F self-propelled front boom sprayer, 120-ft. steel mono boom, 1200 gallon stainless steel tank, 650 tires, Intellispray (hawkeye) nozzle control, Intelliview 4 display, stainless steel inductor, XRT auto-boom, auto rinse, premium lighting, low hours................................... $410,900 2011 Apache AS720 750 gallon poly tank, 60x90-ft. booms, auto-boom height control, auto-rate.......... .................................................................. $79,900

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Give us a call or stop in for more information

Your Local Dealer

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C16

NH Bale Wagons & Retrievers FOR SALE & WILL PURCHASE

Sod Buster Sales, Inc.’s Farm Equipment Finding Service — Phone (406) 883-2118

MISCELLANEOUS FOR SALE Barley straw irrigated small square bales..$4.00/bale 1990 John Deere 8560 tractor with Top Air 1600 sprayer................................................ $29,500 obo

Call (406) 229-0506, Cut Bank, MT

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WANTED TO BUY:

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Endangered species protection: Coming to a label near you CONTINUED FROM PAGE C14

or animals for survival. The measures or restrictions will be required adjacent to any habitat that is not considered “managed land” to reduce risks to listed species and the plants, insects or animals they depend on. There will be measures for reducing spray drift to these habitats and measures for reducing pesticides in runoff water adjacent to these habitats.

For spray drift, there may be minimum buffers between the application area and the protected habitat. Buffers can be reduced using certain spray equipment (ex: hooded sprayers) or with the presence of windbreaks.

For runoff, mitigation measures will need to add up to a point level specified on the label (this level will usually be less than described in the following paragraphs). The label will reference a website for the Mitigation Menu, which will help you determine what is needed. It has a step-by-step process for determining whether runoff mitigations are needed and, if so, the options available to you. There are “relief points” or credits that vary based on site conditions (soil type, slope and rainfall) and whether you participate in a qualified conservation program or follow recommendations from a technical specialist. It could be that the relief points for your target site meet or exceed the points required, such that no additional mitigation is needed. The Mitigation Menu will have descriptions of each measure, how they can be used, and the minimum standard required for each one. Many of the mitigation/conservation measures will be familiar to you, and you will get credit for measures you are already implementing that meet the standard.

Keeping records of your mitigation actions will also count toward the points needed for runoff mitigation. There is a calculator to keep track of the measures and credits for each target site for this purpose.

In addition to the restrictions found on the product label, there will be a label statement requiring the user to check the Bulletins Live! Two (or BLT) map to determine if your target site is in a Pesticide Use Limitation Area (or PULA) that requires additional restrictions. You’ll need to check this map within six months prior to your application.

These areas (PULAs) may require additional drift and/or runoff measures adjacent to habitats, depending on the active ingredient/ product. Not all active ingredients/products will require these additional measures, but you’ll need to check the BLT map to determine that. Instructions can be found on the BLT website. Printing or saving a copy of the bulletin is advised to document that you checked BLT, even if there are no specific restrictions for your active ingredient, location and month of application.

If your target site is not in a PULA or if there are no further restrictions for your product(s) in that area, the measures specified on the label will be all that are needed.

Printing or saving the bulletin for your month of application — even if it doesn’t contain restrictions for product(s) you will be using — documents that you followed this portion of the label directions.

If your target site is wholly or partially

within an area marked on the map, you’ll need to determine if your product has additional restrictions. Select the application month and the product registration number, or simply select the target month and click your shaded target area. The printable bulletin will contain information about any additional restrictions.

The bulletin may reference the Mitigation Menu for both the drift and runoff mitigation measures. The runoff reduction measures will need to add up to a point level specified in the bulletin. This level will likely be higher than what is specified on the label — nine points will be the maximum required.

The higher level (either that on the label or that in the bulletin) will be the required level to meet. However, just as described above, there are credits that can be subtracted based on your site and application situations.

Because this will be implemented on product labels over time and because the maps in BLT will change periodically, it’s important to get in the habit of checking BLT regularly — within six months prior to your planned application.

Recently, the EPA announced that it approved registrations for new active ingredients glufosinate-P and glufosinate-P ammonium. Each have label-directed mitigation for both drift and runoff, and direct users to the Mitigation Menu as well as Bulletins Live Two. The labels of these products can be found in EPA’s Pesticide Product and Label System (BASF product, and MCCLS product). Please look at these labels to see where these directions are found, and follow the links as instructed to become familiar with the process of determining what is needed at sites familiar to you.

Conclusion This will take time and practice to learn, and you may need help from a trusted friend or advisor familiar with the process. There will be a critical need for communication, especially when the applicator is someone other than the landowner/tenant of the target site.

NDA will be working with the University of Nebraska Pesticide Safety Education Program, county extension educators and specialists, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service offices, commodity organizations, certified crop advisors, agronomists, and pesticide registrants to get the word out about these changes. NDA will also be asking for assistance from these partners to help applicators through the steps to achieve compliance.

Enforcement of these new regulations will be carried out the same as our current program operates, which is enforcing the Nebraska Pesticide Act. When a product label requires mitigation measures and/or consultation of Bulletins Live! Two and is involved in an inspection or investigation, NDA will confirm that the additional mitigation measures are met as required at the time the applicator accessed the website, which must be within six months prior to the application.

If you have questions on this topic, please feel free to email or call Craig Romary or Libby Walsh at (402) 471-2531.

##### Teacher: “Are you even paying attention, Johnny? Come, tell us at least two pronouns, right now!”

Little Johnny: “Who, me?”

Teacher: “Wow who knew, very well done.”

##### What do you call it when a 4’9’’ woman dates a 6’5’’ man? A long-distance relationship. ##### I told my doctor that I broke my arm in two places – he told me to stop going to those places.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C17

(WI) Winner, SD 605-842-2040 (PI) Pierre, SD 605-224-1631 (PH) Philip, SD 605-859-2636

(BF) Belle Fourche, SD 605-892-2621 (BE) Beresford, SD 605-763-5020 (BL) Bloomfield, NE 402-373-4449

www.grossenburg.com

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PIERRE

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PHILIP

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BELLE FOURCHE

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2022 John Deere C500 Stk #87514 Nice 1 owner, Alfalfa and Brome, V10 conditioner, hydraulic fore & aft, will be serviced & ready to go, opposed knife rollers, stalk deflectors ready, row sense & header height.........................$46,900!!

BERESFORD

2021 John Deere 560M Stk #83992, 7,688 bales, one owner, always keep in shed and blown off when not used, baler has been thru shop ready to go. Has auto oiler for chains.........................$37,900!

John Deere Floater Tires (HA), Stk #88315, 710/65R46 Floater Tires Fits R4060, R4045, 4940, 4930 & 4920, 75% Tread, Mitas Brand....................$12,000

View all of our inventory & see more photos and details online at:

www.grossenburg.com

Aggressively Priced & Finance Options Available!

SPRAYERS

2024 John Deere 412R (WI), Stk #88027, 364 Hours, 120-ft. 15”, ExactApply, Ultimate Visibility & Comfort Packages, Integrated Receiver, 4600 Display with AT & Extended Monitor............$519,900 2023 John Deere 616R (PH), Stk #87457, 352 Hours, 132-ft. 20”, Signature Edition, Carbon Fiber Booms, 480 & 650 Tires, Can Be Used Conventionally OR Pulsating ExactApply...............$635,000 2023 John Deere 616R (PH), Stk #87456, 416 Hours, 132-ft. 20”, Excellent Condition, Loaded with Options, Signature Edition, 480 & 650 Tires, Interior & Exterior Very Clean & Cared For.$635,000

(HA) Hartington, NE 402-254-3908 (WA) Wayne, NE 402-375-3325 (SU) Sundance, WY 307-283-2971

BALERS

APPLICATORS

2023 John Deere L341 (WI), Stk #76463, 4240 Display, 3x4 Bale, Wide Pickup Reel, Preservative Applicator, Auto Greaser...................................$165,500 2023 John Deere 800R (PH), Stk #86312, 301 Hours, 70-ft. Boom, Signature Edition, Dual Product Bin with Granular, Integrated 7000 Receiver, Cat 1 Cab Filtration.............. $489,000 2018 John Deere L341 (SU), Stk #82818, 28,662 Bales, Lot Of Life Left, 2.5m Premium MegaWide Pickup, 1 ¾” PTO....... ..................................................$64,000

2022 Hagie STS12 (HA), Stk #86968, 850 Hours, 120-ft. 15”, Like New Unit, Available June, Ultimate Cab, Eductor, Side & Front Fill, Tall Crop Shields, Row Sense Feeliers........................$498,000 2022 John Deere 616R (PI), Stk #86207, 2,637 Hours, 120-ft. 15”, In Excellent Condition, Tires Nearly New, Premium Activation, Customer Keeps Wide Tires. ................................................$323,000

2021 John Deere R4038 (WI), Stk #84552, 2,243 Hours, 120-ft. 20”, Gen 4 Display, Premium 3.0 Activation, Premium CommandView III Cab, High-Flow Pump...... ................................................$249,000 2020 John Deere R4060 (PI), Stk #84515, 2,084 Hours, 120-ft. 20”, High-Flow Pump with Dual Flowmeter, Stainless Steel Eductor, Automatic Solution Control...........................................$347,000

2020 John Deere R4038 (PI), Stk #82155, 1,500 Hours, 120-ft. 20”, Excellent Condition & Came From Great Home, Stored Inside, ExactApply, Air Purge, Premium Activations................$309,000 2017 John Deere R4038 (BL), Stk #86859, 1,760 Hours, 100-ft. 20”, Auto Boom Level, Boom Air Purge, RH Fence Row Nozzle, New Rear 380/90R46 Tires........................................$204,500

2023 John Deere 800R (PI), Stk #86311, 301 Hours, 70-ft. Boom, Tires In Great Condition, Well Optioned, Signature Edition, Dual Product Bin with Granular......................................... $489,000

2023 John Deere 800R (WI), Stk #86779, 860 Hours, Nice 1 Owner with Hagie LS20 Liquid System, Signature Cab, StarFire 7000 Receiver, 2,000 Gallon Tank................ $399,000

WINDROWERS

2023 John Deere W235M (WI), Stk #88604, 241 Hours, 16-ft. Width, V10 Steel On Steel Conditioner, Rolls Still Have Paint On Them.................................... $184,900

2021 John Deere W235 (HA), Stk #82934, 1,255 Hours, 16-ft. Width, V10 Steel Conditioner, Will Be Serviced & Field Ready... ................................................... $159,900

2016 John Deere R4038 (WI), Stk #86063, 2,065 Hours, 120-ft. 15”, 5 Way Nozzle Bodies, Boom Air Purge, Boomtrac Pro, Fence Row Nozzle, 2630 with AT........... ................................................$199,900 2015 John Deere R4045 (WI), Stk #86090, 2,953 Hours, 120-ft. 20”, Sprayer In Good Shape, Premium Cab with Leather & Lighting, Automatic Solution Control..............................$174,000 2013 John Deere 4940 (PI), Stk #85381, 2,725 Hours, 120-ft. 20”, High-Flow, 5 Way Nozzle Body, Air Suspension, Boomtrac, 2630 Display with AutoTrac & Section Control........................$149,500 2006 RoGator SS1074 (HA), Stk #87978, 4,423 Hours, 100-ft. 15”, Nice Looking Unit, 3 Way Nozzle Bodies, Eductor, 1,100 SS Tank, Always Shedded........... ..................................................$41,500 1998 Ag-Chem 854 (BE), Stk #86414, 3,079 Hours, 100-ft., 750 Gal SS Tank, Raven 460 Controller, Trimble EZ Steer Light Bar, Hydraulic Adjustable Wheels, Rinse Tank.................................$32,500

2024 John Deere 561M (WI), Stk #88201, 2,741 Bales, Clean, HD Components, Grease Bank, Netwrap Only..........$62,000 2024 John Deere 561M (WI), Stk #87960, 1,900 Bales, Netwrap Only, Moisture Sensor, Bale Scale, Gen 5e Monitor...... ..................................................$58,000 2023 John Deere 560R (PI), Stk #84801, 3,000 Bales, Very Nice Unit & Low Bale Count.........................................$59,900 2023 John Deere 560M (BE), Stk #86554, 5,091 Bales, Only Baled Alfalfa, Big Tires, Kick Bar, Hydraulic Pickup, Grease Bank, 1000 PTO...........$46,500 2023 John Deere 560M (WI), Stk #86904, 2,319 Bales, Used One Season & Wanted New Style, Built In Scale, Netwrap Only...........................................$53,900

2023 John Deere 560M (HA), Stk #84412, 2,500 Bales, Netwrap Only, Grease Bank, Oiler, Netwrap Door Lights, Push Bar.............................................$53,900 2022 John Deere 560M (SU), Stk #83684, 6,255 Bales, Big Tires, MegaWide, Cover Edge Net, Pushbar, Used 1 Season.. ..................................................$46,500 2021 John Deere 560M (WI), Stk #88024, 8,000 Bales, Did Grass & Cane, Twine & Wrap, 21.5-16.1 Tires, Push Bar............ ..................................................$39,000 2021 John Deere 560M (BE), Stk #83992, 7,688 Bales, 1 Owner, Auto Oiler For Chains, Always Shedded & Blown Off.... ..................................................$37,900

2018 New Holland Speedrower 220 (WI), Stk #88138, 1,474 Hours, 16-ft. Conditioner Showing Very Little Wear, Blades Will Be Replaced........................ $104,900

2018 John Deere W235 (BF), Stk #87149, Only 750 Hours, 16-ft. Width, Well Maintained, Conditioners In Good Shape, Standard Cab.................................... $155,000 2018 John Deere W235 (WI), Stk #87966, Only 756 Hours, Turtles Some Wear But Can Make 1 More Season, 16-ft. Head, No Globe.......................................... $154,900

2019 John Deere 560R (SU), Stk #85922, 10,615 Bales, MegaWide, HD Components, Netwrap, Pushbar, Big Tires, Will Be Serviced...............................$31,900 2018 John Deere 560M (HA), Stk #85984, 18,719 Bales, Big Tires, Hydraulic Pickup, Netwrap & Twine, Bale Kicker.......... ..................................................$25,500 2018 John Deere 560M (BF), Stk #87002, 8,773 Bales, Just Had $5,500 In Our Shop, Moisture Sensor, Bale Kicker, Netwrap & Twine.......................$28,900 2014 John Deere 569 (WI), Stk #84499, 22,427 Bales, Just Had $14,000 In Parts & Labor, Field Ready, New Chains & Brush.........................................$22,500

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C18

JIM NIELSEN TRUCK & PARTS, INC. P.O. Box 3072 • 4075 Wynne Avenue • Butte, Montana 59702 • (406) 494-3394 • Mobile (406) 565-7235 2012 Great Dane 53-ft. van trailer, accident damage, good storage.................................................. $1200 1990 Fruehauf 48-ft. shop & parts trailer, excellent condition...................................................... $14,000 1977 Utility 46-ft. tri-axle flatbed, good condition.$5750 24-ft. truck van body, good storage..................... $1600 12-ft. truck van body, good storage....................... $750 2006 Freightliner complete hood, good condition.

1991 GMC Top Kick complete cab, very usable.

(4) Used hoist assemblies scissor and center post.

(4) 30-ft. rust free stripped truck frames.

(50) Steel wheels, 22.5 & 24.5 hubs, Pilot and Budd.

Large selection medium duty truck hoods.

Wide selection medium and heavy truck doors.

Wide selection 4, 5, 6, and 10 speed transmissions & drop in’s and axles.

Aluminum and steel fuel tanks, most shapes and sizes.

Call For More Information

New wheat and barley varieties, new breeder

Provided by Highland Specialty Grains, Inc. Highland Specialty Grains, Inc. of Moses Lake, Washington announces three new items marking the growth of their plant breeding program. Those items include the release of Dark Northern Spring variety ‘HSG Timberline’, Forage Barley ‘Payback’, and the hiring of a new plant breeder, Dr. Pabitra Joshi.

Highland Specialty Grains is releasing a new Dark Northern Spring Wheat ‘HSG Timberline’. ‘HSG Timberline’ is a high-yielding variety that is suitable for irrigated and highrainfall environments. It has winter hardiness which makes it suitable for planting in the fall in the Columbia Basin region of Washington and Oregon. It was one of two fall-planted DNS varieties which survived in multiple trials during the harsh winter of 2023-24. ‘HSG Timberline’ produces wheat with yield and protein content that will improve financial returns over other DNS varieties. It also has improved disease resistance. ‘HSG Timberline’ can also be planted in the spring. Seed of ‘HSG Timberline’ is available for trials in the spring and fall of 2025. Foundation seed will be available for planting in the spring of 2026.

Highland Specialty Grains, Inc., is also releasing ‘Payback’ Forage Barley. ‘Payback’ is a tall, hooded forage barley with 6-row heads. It has been tested in multiple environments including sites in Montana, Idaho, and Washington. It has been shown to produce improved forage yields over older 6-row forage varieties such as Westford and Bestford. When grown under irrigation with high fertility ‘Payback’ has the potential to produce exceptional yields of high-quality forage. ‘Payback’ seed is now available for planting.

Highland Specialty Grains, Inc., has hired Pabitra Joshi, Ph.D., for the position of Assistant Plant Breeder. Dr. Joshi completed her Ph.D. in Plant Science/Plant Breeding at the University of Idaho in December 2024. While attending the University of Idaho Dr. Joshi was named a Borlaug Scholar for academic excellence and contributions to the field of plant breeding. Dr. Joshi completed her undergraduate studies at the Agriculture and Forestry University of Nepal. She was then a secondary school agricultural instructor before starting her Ph.D. program at the University of Idaho. She is passionate about plant breeding and has a wealth of practical experience in breeding wheat and other species. Highland Specialty Grains welcomes her to her new position as Assistant Breeder.

For more information please see the Highland Specialty Grains website.

Planning summer grazing

GRAIN HANDLING & STORAGE Flat Bottom Bins - Hopper Bins - Aeration Systems - Retrofits Powersweep Unloads - Dryers - Concrete - Installation

406.579.5125 NwGrainAugers.com

By Jerry Volesky, UNL While we are still just in late winter, it is never too early to start thinking about the coming spring and summer’s grazing and forage plans. Last fall and this winter has been dry leaving most parts of the state in some level of drought. While we do not know for certain how much moisture lies ahead; long-term forecasts into this spring and summer suggest the possibility of drier than normal conditions.

With the possibility of droughty conditions for the coming season, an important first step is to develop or adjust a good forage and grazing drought plan for your operation.

Some components of this might include things like stocking rates, turnout dates to summer pastures, purchasing any supplemental hay or feed, securing additional pasture, fertilizer decisions on introduced grass pastures, or seeding of any annual forages.

For spring or cool-season annual forages, the recommended planting period of late March to early April will be here soon. Forages would include things like oats, spring barley, spring triticale, and field peas. With that planting date, these would provide grazing beginning in late May through early July.

For the summer annual forages, the planting period is typically late May and on into the summer months. This would include things like forage sorghum, sudangrass, sorghumsudan hybrids, pearl millet, and foxtail millet. Additionally, other species or legumes that are typical of some cover crop mixes could be part of the package as well. With a late-May or early-June planting of a summer annual, grazing should be available in July.

Planning ahead can help make your forage season run smoothly. ##### “In joy or sadness, flowers are our constant friends.”

Kiss Your Mate Day

This holiday event is always held on April 28th Kiss Your Mate Day is a perfect chance to smooch with your partner, as if you need an opportunity to share a kiss or two with the one you love. With spring in the air, April is an appropriate time for Kiss Your Mate Day. Some people may ask “why do you need a holiday to kiss your mate?” Others say “every day should be Kiss Your Mate Day.” Unfortunately, researchers tell us that kissing, an important part of romance and intimacy, is the first thing to go in a relationship. If you don’t currently kiss your mate everyday, use today to re-establish kissing in your life.

Ladies and Gentleman....... Do we need to tell you what the tradition is for this great holiday?

I didn’t think so. Now, get to it!

Here are some Kiss Your Mate Day tips and rules: • There is no upper limit to the number of times you can kiss your mate today.

• There is no upper limit to the number of kisses you can share today.

• It is highly recommended that you limit your kisses to just one mate.

• If you don’t have a mate, it’s alright to kiss someone who is not formally your mate.... Hey, you never know. This day may be a beginning.......

• You can kiss your mate wherever you want (location/place).

• You can kiss your mate wherever you want (anatomically speaking) • Giving candy or flowers is not required. But, we believe that those who do, will receive more kisses.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C19

The deadline for advertising in the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th. Phone (406) 271-5533.

Chickpeas • Field Peas • Canola • Wheat • Oats • Edible Beans • Flax

CHICKPEAS• FIELD PEAS• EDIBLE BEANS• WHEAT• OATS• CANOLA• FLAX YELLOW PEAS CHICKPEAS EDIBLE BEANS CHICKPEAS• FIELD PEAS• EDIBLE BEANS• WHEAT• OATS• CANOLA• FLAX PEAS CHICKPEAS EDIBLE BEANS •YELLOW AAC BEYOND • CDC FRONTIER • BLACK • AAC CARVER • CDC FRONTIER • BLACK YELLOW PEAS CHICKPEAS EDIBLE BEANS • AAC CARVER • CDC LEADER • CRANBERRY ™ • • CDC LEADER • • CRANBERRY AGASSIZ • • AC AAC CARVER CDC FRONTIER BLACK •™CDC INCA • CDC ORION •• DARK RED KIDNEY • • CDC RED KIDNEY YSTAR • • AC CDCORION LEADER • DARK CRANBERRY AGASSIZ AC™EARL MS GROWPRO •CDC CDG PALMER • •LIGHT RED KIDNEY • ••CDC • • CDC PALMER ORION • LIGHT DARK RED KIDNEY EARLYSTAR AC™INCA • MS PROSTAR • NEW HOPE • NAVY • • NAVY • • CDC CDCSAFFRON INCA • CDC PALMER LIGHT RED KIDNEY GREEN PEAS • • PINTO • • CDC • PINTO NAVY CDCSPECTRUM SAFFRON • • JETSET CDC SPECTRUM • JETSET

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NEW FARMALL TRACTORS

Farmall 25SC with L320 Loader and Backhoe 3 Cylinder Diesel Engine, MFWD, 2 Speed Hydro, Block Heater, 3 Point Hitch, and 540 PTO MSRP $29,413 MVE Price $25,982 Finance with CNH Capital at 0% for 5 Years, OAC

Farmall 25A with Case IH L330 Loader with Joystick MFWD with 3 Cyl. Diesel, 2 Speed Hydro, 3 Point Hitch, 540 PTO, Block Heater, 1 Remote, Mid PTO & Rimguard in Rear Tires MSRP $31,338 MVE Price $26,598 Finance with CNH Capitol at 0% for 5 Years, OAC

Case IH Farmall 75A MFWD Tractor, Cab, Air Seat, Instructor Seat, Clutchless Power Shuttle, 2 Remotes, PTO, 3 Point, 2 Mid-mount Valve for Loader, Rear Weights, Block Heater, & Rimguard.

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Contact us at or www.musselshellvalley.com or www.caseih.com/dealers/musselshellvalley

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C20

Consider securing feed for dry conditions in 2025

2018 JOHN DEERE 1895 60-ft. John Deere 1895/C850 no till drill with mid row banders,

new disks on JD openers, 850 bu. aircart, section control, double shoot, scales, Active Cal, $ high flotation tires......................

By Aaron Berger, Nebraska Extension Educator Dry conditions have persisted across much of the state throughout the winter. While there is still time to get significant Located in Three Forks, MT - For more information call Franck (406) 521-5234 precipitation this spring, many locations will need above average moisture between now and grass turnout to get back to a long-term average. Even with good spring moisture, range and pastures would benefit from delayed turnout to give stressed grasses an opportunity to grow and develop root reserves prior to grazing. Currently, hay, distillers grains, and corn are readily available across much of Nebraska at prices that are below the average of what they have been for the last three to four years.

With cattle prices being quite strong, there is a desire by many cow-calf producers to hold on to the cowherd to capitalize on the predicted strong calf and feeder cattle prices that are expected to occur over the next few years.

With these circumstances in place, it is important now to review or develop a drought plan for the upcoming growing season for those who desire to retain the cowherd.

Key things to consider: HRSW Inventory feed amounts and quality on hand. Identify High-yielding what will be needed for feed CoAXium variety to delay grass turnout or to dry lot cows into the sumBalanced protein mer if adequate precipitation and good test weight doesn’t occur.

Review options for an exEarly tended period of feeding the maturity cowherd and the logistics and costs of doing that.

HRSW Choose a sacrifice area to feed cows/pairs on later Top-end in the spring and into the yield excellent yield summer to keep cows off drought-stressed pastures.

Consider purchasing or Excellent disease package securing a portion of needed feed supplies now, when these feeds are readily availHigh fall growth able. test weight Evaluate the options of planting annual forages this HRSW spring on dryland or irrigated acres as a source of grazing Very early or harvested feed. maturity Identify cows that should be the first to leave if feed is Superior short, to reduce feed needs. disease package Plan for early weaning (and the feeding of calves off the ranch) to reduce forage Yield-protein demands on pastures. balance Should drought conditions persist, those who consider options early and are prepared to act will be in the best position to utilize the opportunities available. Nebraska Extension has Specialists and Educators who can help evaluate options and develop rations utilizing available feed resources. Planning and LimagrainCerealSeeds.com acting now will provide the best chance to make the most of a difficult situation.

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Master Gardener: Spring is here

By Anita Gall, Nebraska Extension Master Gardener Spring is here, and it’s time to give your coolseason ornamental grasses a fresh start. Now’s the perfect time to cut back your cool-season grasses, such as Feather Reed and Blue Avena, to a height of 6-8 inches. This helps promote healthy new growth and keeps your landscape looking its best. Grab those pruners and give your grass a trim.

It’s pruning season! Are you making the right cuts to keep your trees healthy?

When pruning dormant trees, always use sharp pruners and saws for clean cuts.

Trim just outside the branch collar - this helps the tree heal properly and prevents damage. Prune with care and for structural integrity your trees will thank you.

Did you know healthy soil is alive? It’s teeming with bacteria, fungi, and Protozoa – tiny organisms that help plants thrive. Living soil breaks down organic matter, releasing essential nutrients that plants need to grow strong and healthy.

Protect your soil by adding compost and avoiding harsh chemicals. Healthy soil means healthy plants.

Spring cleanup is the perfect time to refresh your landscape beds. After cutting back perennials, add organic mulch to protect the soil from late-season frost, conserve moisture, and prevent early weeds. But be careful - don’t pile mulch too close to plant stems to avoid rot and pests. A little mulch goes a long way.

Did you know your garden’s best allies might be hiding in last season’s foliage? Many beneficial insects, like ladybugs and lacewings, overwinter in old plant material. These natural predators help control pests in your garden. When cleaning up in spring, leave some areas undisturbed to support these helpful insects. A healthy garden starts with a balanced ecosystem ##### Why was Little Johnny crying?

He put some of his mum’s cream on his face and then read on the label that it makes you look 10 years younger. ##### Lego toys are a better investment than stocks, bonds, or gold.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C21

1996 John Deere 644G loader, quick attach, 3rd valve hydraulics, 4 & 1 multi-purpose bucket, tight clean rust free one owner exmunicipal loader, 8300 miles.................. Call

2021 Ingersoll Rand/Doosan P250 air compressor, 250 CFM, dual pressure, 175 PSI, diesel, hose reel and hose, only 91 hours, new condition..........................................Call

2014 Ford F150 crew cab 4x4 V8 gas, automatic, 6.5-ft. box, good clean affordable fleet truck, 166,000 miles............................... Call

2002 International 2574 truck tractor, Cat diesel, Allison automatic, sliding 5th wheel, only 54,000 total miles............................ Call

2012 Case SR200 skid steer, 2,000 lb. capacity, 7,000 lb. operating weight, 74 horsepower, hand controls, 2 speed auxiliary hydraulics, 700 hours........................................................... Call

2005 Ingersoll Rand P185 towable air com-

185 CFM, diesel, hose reel and Glendive, MT • www.badlandtrucksales.com pressor, hose, gauge package, 1,584 hours........ Call

Serving the Montana, Dakota and Wyoming regions, and beyond, with an extensive selection of reliable used trucks and equipment since 1998!

1988 Ingersoll Rand DD70 double drum smooth x smooth vibratory roller, 57” wide, 41” diameter, Cummins diesel, absolutely like new, ex-municipal machine with only 666 hours....................................................... Call

2002 Chevy C6500 utility truck, Cat diesel, 6 speed, manual, 160 CFM high volume PTO air compressor, walk-in service body, rear work bench, under CDL truck, only 23,000 miles....................................................... Call

2005 Freightliner M2 flatbed, pre-emissions C7 Cat diesel, 10 speed, Road Ranger transmission, 16-ft. flatbed, extra clean southern California rust free ex-municipal truck 109,000 miles......................................... Call

2010 John Deere 544K wheel loader, JRB quick attach, auxiliary 3rd valve hydraulics, new GrabTech grapple fork, nice one owner ex-municipal pre-def machine................ Call 1997 Case 621 BXT loader, quick attach, auxiliary 3rd valve hydraulics, 5.9 Cummins diesel, auto shift, new Grab Tech grapple fork, one owner, rust free, tight, clean machine .......... Call

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2013 Ram 2500 regular cab pickup truck, 4x4, V8 gas, automatic, 8-ft. box, standard cab........................................................... Call

1994 John Deere 624GH front end wheel loader, quick attach, auxiliary 3rd valve hydraulics, 3.5-yard general purpose bucket, one owner, ex-municipal, clean tight machine........................................................ Call

2011 Ford F550 4x4 bucket truck, 6.7 diesel, automatic, Altec AT37G boom, 42-ft. reach, articulated, telescopic, service body, complete........................................................ Call

1997 Case 721B loader, quick attach, auxiliary 3rd valve hydraulics, auto shift, new remanufactured 8.3 Cummins diesel, with receipts /paperwork, clean one owner exmunicipal machine, 6700 hours.............. Call

2002 Cat IT14G loader, quick attach, factory 3rd & 4th valve, hydraulics, air/heat, new tires, tight clean one owner ex-municipal machine, 4,800 hours with or without new Grab Tech grapple fork.................................... Call

2004 Ford F750 digger derrick boom truck, 22,000 lb. capacity, 42-ft. reach, 2 speed, digger Cat diesel, Allison automatic, 112,000 miles....................................................... Call

2002 Freightliner FL80 bucket/chip dump truck, Versa lift, telescopic/articulated boom, chipper dump box, cab guard, saw boxes, 8.3 Cummins diesel, Allison automatic, extended cab, very nice, clean, ex-municipal tree truck, 43,000 miles.......................... Call

WF snow pusher / box plow, 12-ft. wide, 4-ft. tall, cutting edge, universal bucket mount, new never used condition....................... Call

2003 Cat 938G wheel loader, quick attach, auxiliary hydraulics, 3.5-yard GP bucket, Air/Heat, new tires, very nice tight clean one owner ex municipal loader.......................................... Call

2006 International truck tractor, ISX Cummins diesel, 13 speed transmission, 5th wheel, pintle hitch, heavy specs, only 112,000 total miles, one owner, clean.... Call 1994 International truck tractor, N14 Cummins diesel, 10 speed manual, air ride suspension, 302,000 miles, one owner, ex municipal west coast rust free truck............ Call 1986 Kenworth tandem axle dump truck, Cat 3306 diesel, Allison automatic, heavy specs, 15-ft. dump, one owner, rust free California truck, 200,000 miles............... Call 2001 Ingersoll Rand P375 air compressor, 375 CFM, 3.9 Cummins diesel, hose reel and hose, one owner, only 607 hours..... Call

1995 Bobcat 763 skid steer, Kubota diesel, foot controls, one owner, 3600 hours, nice affordable skid loader................................ Call

2018 Ford F350 4x4 super cab mechanics truck with 3,200 lb. Autocrane with wireless remote control, 6.7 diesel, automatic, service body, rear work bench............................ Call

2000 John Deere 444H front end wheel loader, new Grabtech grapple fork, quick attach, auxiliary hydraulics, air conditioning/ heat, tight clean one owner ex-municipal loader, 8000 hours.................................. Call 2001 John Deere 310SG backhoe/loader 4x4, extend-a-hoe, full cab, air/heat, hard to find front quick attach, with auxiliary hydraulics, 4 & 1 bucket, one owner, 4,000 hours, extra nice clean backhoe that has it all... Call

2014 Bobcat E35 mini excavator, full cab, air/heat, 8,000 lb. operating weight, auxiliary hydraulics, ex-municipal machine, always stored inside, very nice. 2,600 hours...... Call 1986 Carelift/Zoom Boom telehandler, 16,000 lb. capacity, 30-ft. reach, full cab, outriggers, extremely clean nice hard to find large capacity, ex-utility company machine... ............................................................... Call 1990 John Deere 544E TC loader, high lift reach, JRB quick attach, 3rd valve hydraulics, GP bucket with grapple fork, 11,000hour one owner ex-municipal machine that has it all and affordably priced................ Call 2004 Vermeer BC1400 woodchipper, 15” capacity, 122 hp, Cat diesel, auto feed with reverse, one owner, only 824 hours....... Call

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1993 Sullair H600 towable air compressor, 600 CFM, 150 PSI, John Deere diesel, only 238 original hours. Near new condition .Call

2001 Freightliner boom truck, National 800C crane, 21 ton, 42,000 lb. capacity, 3 stage boom, Cat diesel, Allison automatic, only 49,000 miles, extra nice clean boom truck........................................................ Call

1989 Grove RT528C rough terrain crane, 28 ton, 56,000 lb. capacity, 70-ft. boom, JIB/95ft. reach, outriggers, full cab, new Cummins diesel engine, nice clean older RT crane...... ............................................................... Call

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C22

Top five digital agriculture technologies used in Nebraska

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By Guillermo Balboa - Nutrient Management and Digital Agriculture, Pablo Paccioretti - Post doctoral associate Phone Apps in Agriculture Digital agriculture is rapidly transformAn agriculture phone app is a mobile aping farming in Nebraska, helping producers plication designed to assist farmers, agronooptimize efficiency and sustainability. In mists and researchers in managing aspects this article, researchers reveal the top five of crop production, livestock and resource digital ag technologies adopted by Nebraska management. These apps leverage digital farmers and explore how these technologies tools such as GPS, remote sensing, data improve decision-making, precision and analytics and weather forecasting to support farm productivity. nutrient management, pest control, irrigaThis is the fourth article of CropWatch’s tion and yield prediction decision-making. digital agriculture series (DA), “How DigiAgricultural apps can help improve farm tal is Agriculture in Nebraska?” efficiency, productivity and sustainability.

In this article, we would like to focus on Our digital ag survey asked farmers about the top DA technologies adopted by Neusing different apps grouped by category. braska farmers. The Digital Farming Lab, Weather, markets and commodities prices led by Dr. Guillermo Balboa, conducted a led adoption, with 50% of the farmers usstatewide survey to assess the status of DA ing at least one of them. Applications or in Nebraska. This survey identified the foldigital platforms to manage planting, weeds, lowing top five digital agriculture technoloscouting, insects, diseases, nutrients or for gies most adopted in Nebraska: phone apps, seed selection had an adoption of less than GPS, yield monitor and yield maps, soil grid 20% by farmers across Nebraska (Figure sampling, and auto guidance.

2). This shows that adoption begins with For more resources about DA in Neapplications that have lower complexity, braska, visit our UNL digital agriculture while there is still significant potential for website, digitalag.unl.edu, which aims to growth in more advanced apps that not centralize all UNL efforts in teaching, reonly provide diagnostics but also support search and extension on digital agriculture. prescriptive decision-making.

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Figure 1. Farmers’ percentage of use of phone apps (including web platforms) by category in Nebraska.

GPS Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has become a cornerstone of modern precision agriculture, enabling accurate, site-specific management of farming operations. By utilizing satellite-based navigation, GPS provides georeferenced positioning for farm machinery, equipment and sensors, allowing for precise field activities such as planting, fertilizing, spraying and harvesting. Advanced GPS systems, particularly those using real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS, offer sub-inch accuracy, which is critical for high-precision tasks.

The GPS technology has revolutionized precision agriculture by enabling site-specific management and data-driven decisionmaking. Key impacts include: Yield mapping — GPS-enabled yield monitors provide georeferenced data, helping farmers analyze within-field variability and assess crop performance over multiple seasons.

Field mapping — Supports the creation of detailed maps that highlight key field characteristics, such as yield distribution or soil organic matter content.

Variable-rate application (VRA) — Allows the site-specific application of fertilizers, seeds and pesticides at varying rates based on spatial variability, optimizing

resource use and improving efficiency.

Autosteer and guidance systems — Automates machine steering, reducing operator fatigue, improving accuracy and minimizing input waste.

By integrating GPS with farm machinery, sensors and farm management software, digital agriculture has become more data-driven, efficient and environmentally sustainable.

Yield Monitor and Yield Maps A yield map is a spatial representation of crop yield variability within a field, generated using data collected from yield monitors equipped with GPS technology.

These maps provide a visual summary of how crop productivity differs across a field, helping farmers and agronomists to identify patterns related to soil properties, nutrient availability, drainage and management practices. Yield maps are a key tool in precision agriculture, guiding site-specific management decisions such as variable-rate fertilization, seeding and irrigation. Yield monitors, integrated into modern combines, continuously record crop yield data during harvest, linking it to precise field locations using GPS. The data is then processed to generate a yield map, where different colors represent varying levels of productivity.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C24

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C23

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2025 Preliminary pasture and cattle land values and rental rates for Nebraska

By Shannon Sand, UNL Pasture and cow-calf pair rental rates It’s that time of year when the prelimitrended higher across Nebraska in 2025. nary results for Nebraska Ag land and rental The rates increased generally between 1% rates comes out. On average in 2025, the to 7% compared to the previous grazing market value for all agricultural land in season. For example, the average per pair Nebraska was $3,935 per acre this is a 2% rate is $77.90 in the Northern part of the decrease from the previous year. This marks state, this is a 5% change from the previthe first decline in the market value of agous year. Rising grazing land cash rental ricultural land in Nebraska since recording rates follow higher cattle prices with the began 46 years ago. decline in national inventories. Which Grazing land and hayland market values may lead people to think about leasing and had increases ranging from 1% to 5% when negotiation. When negotiating leases some compared with 2024. Nontillable grazing things to think about are early removal land led the three land classes at 5%. Disprovisions when accounting for drought tricts in the Northeast, Central, East and considerations for the upcoming growing South led the gains ranging from 6% to 9%. season. The degree of service the landlord For example, non-tillable grazing land in the or tenant provides influences the cow-calf Northeast averages around $2,980/ acre a pair rental rates paid as part of the lease.

6% increase from the previous results. HayConsiderations for the leases include the land followed with an increase of 5%, and party responsible for fencing upkeep, contillable grazing land experienced a gain of trol of noxious weeds or brush, and payment 1%. Cow-calf producers capitalized higher of utility bills (used for livestock wells). cow-calf prices into these three land classes across competitive areas of the state.

Top five digital agriculture technologies used in Nebraska CONTINUED FROM PAGE C22

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Figure 2. Corn yield map (bu/ac) produced with data from a yield monitor for a corn field in Nebraska in 2024 (“map not cleaned”). A satellite image was placed as a basemap. Different colors indicate different levels of productivity. Greener colors are associated with higher yields and red colors with lower yields.

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Yield monitors and yield maps have been around since the mid-1990s. Most of the current row crop combines have a yield monitor capable of generating data to produce a yield map; the use of this data to adjust field management remains relatively low. It was reported that many farmers in the U.S. have a yield monitor (+68%), but only 45% of the area was yield mapped (Lowenberg-DeBoer and Erickson, 2019).

Soil Grid Sampling Site-specific soil maps are commonly used in many countries as a foundation for variable rate technology. Fields are generally sampled at an average density of one sample for every three to four acres. For optimum accuracy, UNL recommends one sample per acre (composited from five cores collected in a small radius from the sampling point). Optimum grid density will depend on the site variability, the history of the field and the nutrient of interest. Grid sampling should be considered if: You want to produce an accurate withinfield map of soil organic matter.

Previous management significantly changed soil nutrient levels.

Fields with different cropping histories have been merged into one.

You can check UNL recommendations in

the extension NebGuide, Precision Agriculture Soil Sampling (EC 154).

Auto Guidance Auto guidance or autosteer is a GPSbased guidance system used in agricultural machinery to automatically control the steering of tractors, combines and other field equipment. It enhances precision by keeping machinery on a predetermined path with minimal deviation, reducing operator fatigue and improving efficiency. Autosteer systems rely on RTK (real-time kinematic) GPS, inertial sensors and advanced algorithms to achieve sub-inch accuracy, making them essential for precision agriculture applications such as planting, spraying and harvesting.

By minimizing overlaps and gaps in field operations, autosteer improves input efficiency (fuel, seed, fertilizer) and ensures consistent crop rows, ultimately leading to higher productivity and cost savings.

Many modern autosteer systems are now integrated with autonomous farming technologies, pushing agriculture toward more automated, data-driven farm management.

You can check how auto-guidance works in the NebGuide, Precision Agriculture Satellite-Based Auto-Guidance (EC 706).

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C25

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C26

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Gifting ownership

By Jessica Groskopf, Nebraska Extension ag economist For many farm and ranch families, bringing children or grandchildren into the operation is the ultimate goal.

Successfully bringing additional family members into the operation may require some creativity, as all parties need to maintain a viable standard of living. This article is part of a series highlighting ideas and tactics for bringing another family member into the operation. If this is the first article you are seeing in this series, I would encourage you to go back to the previous articles [JG1] for background and additional guidance.

A popular strategy is gifting shares or a percentage of the business from the owner to their heirs. In this article, the person gifting shares or ownership is called the donor, and the person receiving shares or ownership is the donee.

To employ this strategy, you must have an entity structure that allows for the transfer of shares or changes to the percentage of ownership, such as a partnership, LLC, or corporation. These shares or a percentage of ownership could be gifted to the donee, while the donor is alive or at the donor’s death.

Gifting shares or a percentage of the business can be tricky.

Work with your financial team to determine the liabilities, asset basis, and value. When gifting shares or a percentage of the business, you may be able to use the annual gift exclusion or the lifetime gifting exclusion. This should be done with the guidance of an attorney and accountant. See previous articles for more details.

There are some important considerations when passing ownership during life.

First, how quickly will the ownership transfer? Is it a onetime gift or a progressive gift in which the donee’s ownership percentage increases each year, subsequently decreasing the donor’s ownership?

Next, does owning shares or a percentage of the business also transfer the management of the business? Depending on the entity structure, shares could be voting or non-voting allowing the donor to decide who has decision-making power in the business and who does not. Often donors pass voting shares to on-farm heirs and non-voting to non-farm heirs. A slow transfer of the business to the donee, also allows the shift of management to occur slowly. After each gift, the donee could have a greater voice in the management of the business.

Another consideration is the transfer of income. The change in the ownership percentage will ripple through the business. Gifting shares or a percentage of ownership could help the donor reduce their tax liability. However, it will also likely decrease their income. If the donor does not have assets outside of the farm/ranch for retirement this reduction of income could be problematic.

A disadvantage of gifting assets during life is the loss of the step up in basis. The donee would retain the donor’s basis in the asset. In other words, if the donee sells the asset, they will pay capital gains on the donor’s basis. Other challenges with a lower basis may also arise, such as lost depreciation.

Understanding these disadvantages is critical.

Gifting during life has some advantages for the on-farm heir, as they are building ownership in the business. A gift strategy could provide them with the opportunity to borrow against the business’s equity. However, when assets are gifted during life, there is a risk that they could be “lost.” Creditors could sell or seize the shares. Additional agreements, such as a buy-sell agreement, may be needed to mitigate some of this risk.

Ownership transfer does not necessarily have to take place during life. It can be done at the donor’s death. In this case, the donor could decide to leave the on-farm heir(s) a larger percentage of the operation in their estate plan as compensation for their sweat equity. A large advantage of this strategy is that the donee would receive a step-up in basis.

A simple example is one percent per year the donee worked the farm or ranch. If a donee was on the farm for 30 years at the donor’s death, the donee would receive the first 30 percent of the operation’s assets. The remaining assets could be split equally among farming and non-farming heirs.

Waiting to gift shares or a percentage at/after death leaves the donor in control while they are alive. It also provides them with the flexibility to change their estate plan. However, the possibility of a donor changing their estate plan poses a risk to the on-farm heir, especially if this is the primary form of compensation the on-farm heir was offered to return to the operation.

Transferring ownership shares is not the only way to compensate family members. When developing a strategy CONTINUED ON PAGE C27

Gifting ownership

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C27

##### The lowest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in 1983 at Russia’s Vostok Station: -128.6ºF. ##### Cold, dense air being pulled by gravity down Antarctic moutains create the most extreme katabatic (Greek for “go down”) winds on the planet. They have been clocked at 200 mph.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C26

to bring the next generation back into the operation, consider the viable standard of living for both the owners and the heirs. Gifting too much while owners are alive can be problematic. Look for future articles outlining other strategies on the Center for Ag Profitability website at cap.unl.edu. ##### A polar bear can smell a seal up to 18 miles away under a sheet of ice.

Neal Hay Sales

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out of square tubular steel The 16-Bar Forward-Fold• Harrow, • Heavy-duty 1 piece frame fabricated Heavy-duty 1 piece frame fabricated out of square tubular steel The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow, out of square tubular steel The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow, built for durability and ease of • Excellent for leveling chisel builtdurability for durability ease of • Excellent for leveling chisel built for and and ease ofcombines plow ridges in spring operation, McFarlane’s • Excellent for leveling chisel plow ridges in spring operation, combines McFarlane’s plow ridges in spring operation, combines McFarlane’s standing tradition of rugged • Ideal when teamed behind long standinglong tradition of rugged • Ideal when teamed behind long standing tradition of ruggedwith features • Ideal when teamedorbehind a field cultivator or disc a field cultivator disc dependability dependability with features a field cultivator or disc dependability with features • Good for broadcast seeding designed to provide maximum • Good for broadcast seeding designed to provide maximum • Good for broadcast seeding designed to provide maximum coverage andcoverage performance. and performance. • Complete with 16-Bar•harrow sections Complete with 16-Bar harro

TWICE THE COVERAGE,

THE COVERAGE, TWICE TWICE THE COVERAGE, TWICE THE PERFORMANCE TWICE THE PERFORMANCE TWICE THE PERFORMANCE THE TOTAL TILLAGE TOOL THE TOTAL TILLAGE THE TOTAL TILLAGE TOOLTOOL McFarlane’s 16-Bar Spike Tooth Forward-Fold Harrow is more than a

McFarlane’s 16-Bar Spike Tooth Forward-Fold Harrow is more than a McFarlane’s 16-Bar Spike Tooth Forward-Fold Harrow is more than a superior performance harrow. a total tillage tool that provides harrow.

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The 16-Bar Forward-Fold gives you double coverage, and double performance.

The2-to-3 16-Bar Forward-Fold gives of you double coverage, and double With times the double normal coverage, number bars and spikes, McFarlane’s 16-Barperformance.

The 16-Bar Forward-Fold gives you and double performance.

With 2-to-3thoroughly times the normal number ofsoil, bars and16-Bar spikes, McFarlane’s 16-Bar Forward-Fold and stirs the significantly reducing field With 2-to-3 times the normal number of breaks bars and spikes, McFarlane’s Forward-Fold breaks and stirs the soil, significantly preparation time.thoroughly Depending on soil conditions, some operators Forward-Fold thoroughly breaks and stirs the soil, significantly reducing fielduse the reducing field McFarlane 16-Bar Forward-Fold alone for spring field prepar preparation Depending on soil conditions, some operators use the preparation time.

Depending ontime. soil conditions, some operators use the 16-Bar for spring field prepar McFarlane 16-BarMcFarlane Forward-Fold aloneForward-Fold for spring fieldalone prepar The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow is the ideal tool for shallow chemical incorporation.

It provides superior coverage taking chemicals to the The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow is the ideal tool for shallow chemical TUBULAR FRAME The 16-Bar Forward-Fold Harrow is the ideal tool for shallow chemical 1"-to-2" depth recommended by many manufacturers.

The result is incorporation. It provides superior coverage taking chemicals to the incorporation.

It provides superior coverage taking chemicals to the 6"x6" Tubular center TUBULAR FRAME better incorporation and better performance from your herbicides.

TUBULAR FRAME 1"-to-2" depth recommended by many manufacturers. The result is wing frame 1"-to-2" depth recommended by many manufacturers. The result is 6"x6" Tubular center better incorporation and better performance from your herbicides.

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wing frame

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WING FOLD CUSHION spring cushion for WING Integrated FOLD CUSHION

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WALKING TANDEM AXLE Reduces frame bounce WALKING TANDEM when working inAXLE rough ground at high speeds Reduces frame bounce WALKING Straight dual axle available TANDEM AXLE when working in rough

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ONE-PIECE MAIN FRAME

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4"x6" Main frame hitch for sizes 1024 – 1038 6"x8" Main frame hitch for sizes 1040 and up

LARGE TRUSSED TOOLBAR

UHMW cover prevents paint scuffing.

WING Securing REST pin provides positive lock.

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12592 mcfarlane HDL 1100 Brochure UPDATE.indd 3-4

WING REST

WING REST

Increased strength does not require a pull

cable TRUSSED which allows for tighter turning when LARGE TOOLBAR

pulled in tandem with another tillage tool.

Increased strength does not require a pull cable which allows for tighter turning when LARGE TRUSSED TOOLBAR pulled in tandem with another tillage tool.

UHMW cover prevents paint scuffing.

Securing pin provides positive lock.

Increased strength does not require a pull cable which allows for4/1/2021 tighter turning when 12:19:23 PM pulled in tandem with another tillage tool.

2) 40-ft. HDL-40-16 McFarlane 16 bar harrows in stock. ....Call Weston for Best Pricing 4"x6" Main frame hitch for sizes 1024 – 1038 6"x8" Main frame hitch for sizes 1040 and up

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4/1/2021 12:19:23 PM

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C28

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

FINANCIN AVAIL ABLEG !

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From April 10 - May 12, 2025

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CONTINUOUS PANEL Premium T-Posts 5 ½’ Premium ..................... $4.49 6’ Premium ......................... $4.88

4-Rail with Sleeves............ $92.00 5-Rail with Sleeves.......... $112.00 6-Rail with Sleeves.......... $130.00

DRILL STEM 2 7/8” Drill Stem Joint .......$67.00 2 3/8” Drill Stem Joint .......$63.00 3/4” Sucker Rod ................$15.00

CATTLE GUARDS – CALL FOR PRICING Montana Brand Cattle Guard Hirider Cattle Guard 16’ Baseless Cattle Guard......................$1,499.00

TRUCKLOAD PRICING Call for truckload pricing on full semis of continuous panels

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Forage matters: Observations from a trip to Florida

By James Rogers, Forage crops production specialist, NDSU Extension If you ever have an opportunity to visit livestock production systems in other parts of the country, take it. It is amazing what you can learn, and you often find out that the grass is not greener on the other side of the fence.

In January, I had the opportunity to travel to Florida to attend the American Forage and Grassland Conference in Kissimmee. Before you start thinking about the sunshine and warmth that Florida has to offer through the tourism brochures, I want to tell you: it was cold.

It wasn’t quite the North Dakota cold I left behind, but a humid, wind-blowing cold unusual for Florida. A friend who works for the University of Florida at the Marianna branch station was all bundled up in goose down and said she could never survive north of Interstate 10. I-10 is the southernmost transcontinental interstate in the U.S. As part of the conference, we received an overview of Florida agriculture. Florida has a long cattle history dating all the way back to 1521, when cattle were brought to Florida by the Spanish conquistadors. There are still descendants of these cattle in Florida known as Florida crackers. This is one of the Criollo breeds which include the Pineywoods, Corriente and Texas Longhorn.

Florida currently has the ninth-largest cowherd in the U.S. with 883,589 head of beef cows. North Dakota has a cow herd of 886,405 head. Due to a lack of feeding facilities, Florida ships around 750,000 feeder calves per year.

While the two states are similar in cattle numbers, they are widely apart in people numbers. Florida has 23 million residents compared to North Dakota’s 796,568.

Rainfall is another big difference between the two states.

Florida receives 50 to 55 inches per year compared to North Dakota, receiving 13 to 20 inches. With essentially a year-round growing season, they can grow a lot of forage. The main introduced forages in Florida are bahiagrass, limpograss and Bermuda grass — all warm-season grasses.

You can also find native rangelands in Florida with little bluestem, big bluestem, Indiangrass, sideoats grama and switchgrass, but they will appear much different than what is found in North Dakota. As one of the ranch managers I visited with said, “We can grow a ton of forage — it’s just not worth a dang.”

North Dakota is blessed because we may not have the longest growing season, but we can grow quality forage.

When supplementation is needed, North Dakota growers have a readily available supply of feedstocks grown within the state. Florida is a grain deficit state, so grain has to be brought into the state, driving up feed costs. One of the main sources of protein supplementation for cattle in Florida is molasses from sugarcane. Citrus pulp has also been used as a feed supplement in Florida, but availability has declined along with their citrus industry.

Another issue is land cost and urbanization. While I was there, a local city council passed an ordinance to restrict building houses on wetlands. While that seems like it should be a non-issue, it does point out the amount of pressure being put on the land resources. Average pasture land value in Florida is over $7,000 per acre, and cropland is over $10,000 per acre — quite a bit higher than North Dakota.

Florida citrus is another trademark of Florida agriculture that has changed over the years. Citrus is reported by the number of boxes packed per year. At the height of the industry, Florida packed around 250 million boxes a year. This year, the estimate is around 15 to 20 million. The changes come from disease pressure, freezes, land prices and lack of labor. New citrus groves are being established in the central part of the state in an attempt to revive the citrus industry.

Despite these challenges, Florida agriculture is still a vibrant industry. There are large, well-established cattle operations in the state with long histories. The Seminole Tribe of Florida has been involved with cattle since the Spanish brought them over 500 years ago. The Seminole Tribe has a cow herd of around 10,000 head and has vertically integrated their beef marketing under the Seminole Pride brand.

We also visited a multigenerational dairy that has grown to be a day-trip destination for the surrounding area. They offer ice cream, a playground area for kids and an education to the community on their farming practices.

Florida is a unique state with unique challenges to their agricultural production systems. If you get a chance to tour Florida agriculture, take it; you will learn a lot. The seafood is not bad down there, either.

Unmatched Strength for Every Mile

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C29

888-453-2924 406-453-2924 3400 Old Havre Highway, Great Falls, MT

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C30

We have

Understanding and mitigating ammonia deposition

KIOTI TRACTORS

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Kioti DK4720SEHC tractor with KL5521 loader, cab, heat, A/C, HST transmission, Cat I 3 point, 540 PTO, 47 hp......... 1 in stock Kioti DK5320SEHC tractor with KL5521 loader, cab, heat, A/C, HST transmission, 4WD, 3-pt, PTO........................... 1 in stock Kioti DK4720SEH tractor, KL5521 loader, 4WD, HST transmission, Cat 1 3-point, 540 PTO.............. .................................. 1 in stock Kioti CK2620H tractor with KL4030 loader, 25 hp, tier 3 diesel engine, HST transmission.............. .................................. 1 in stock Kioti CX2510H tractor with KL5510 loader, 25 hp, 4WD, Cat 1 3 point, 540 PTO, HST transmission....... .................................. 1 in stock Kioti CK3520SGH tractor with KL4030 loader, 66” bucket, 4WD, heat, A/C,HST transmission, 540 PTO, Cat 1 3 point..... 1 in stock Kioti CK3520H tractor with KL4030 loader, 66” bucket, HST transmission, 540 PTO, 4WD, 35 hp, Cat 1, 3 point............. 1 in stock Kioti CS2210H tractor with SL2410 loader........................ 2 in stock

BISON TILLERS

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wood splitters,

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log grapples available.

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Fits various models..........$2500 2 Oliver/White loader fits 1650/1655........................$1250 Wagner loader for Ford 8N, 9N, and NAA. With front pump & mounts.............................$1500 60” - $2000

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Zetor Proxima 110 with ZL120 loader, cab, heat, air, 3 rear remotes, good rubber, Power Shuttle trasmission, 110 engine hp, field ready................$52,500 Farmall 504 tractor with Ford HD post pounder....................$5500 Oliver 88 project tractor.........$1000

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MISCELLANEOUS ATTACHMENTS

New Legend SSQA pallet forks...... .........................................$1125 NEW Danuser SSQA pallet forks.... .........................................$1125

NEW Berco Versatile

54” snowblower for ATV with Honda GX630 engine, electric chute control, wobble wheels $7000

CONSIGNED

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East Helena, Montana

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By Leslie Johnson Animal Manure Management Extension Educator Applying manure to fields provides a natural and sustainable way to fertilize crops, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers. It adds essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, improving soil health and promoting plant growth. Additionally, manure enriches the soil with organic matter, enhancing its structure and water-holding capacity. However, there’s a side to manure that many don’t often think about, that is ammonia deposition. Ammonia deposition is the process by which ammonia is returned to the Earth’s surface after being released into the atmosphere.

Understanding Ammonia in Manure Manure, a valuable resource for fertilizing crops, contains two primary forms of nitrogen: organic nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen. Organic nitrogen, a slow-release form, nourishes plants gradually over time. Ammonium nitrogen, on the other hand, is readily available to plants but is highly volatile. When exposed to air, it can easily evaporate, releasing ammonia gas into the atmosphere.

Things that go into the air, like pollution, eventually fall back to the ground. You’ve probably noticed how the air smells fresher after a rain shower. That’s because rain helps to wash away pollutants like dust and harmful gases from the air. However, pollutants can move with air currents and deposit in areas other than where it was lost, thus the potential for ammonia deposition in places other than where it was lost to the atmosphere initially.

Since 1985, the National Atmospheric Deposition Program has been tracking ammonium ion concentration in precipitation and the increase to date is staggering – especially in the Midwest. Their research has shown that 80% of ammonia emissions come from agriculture and of that, roughly half is from livestock. Of course, livestock with manures that are higher in ammonium N, like swine, are more prone to ammonium losses - especially during manure applications, but losses from beef cattle are nearly as large – mostly losses from the pen surface before the manure is ever collected.

The Impact of Ammonia Deposition So why does ammonia deposition matter? For the same reasons we worry about nitrates in our groundwater, excessive ammonia in surface water and soil can cause harm to ecosystems, can damage sensitive habitats and affect biodiversity.

Excessive ammonia deposition can lead to a range of environmental problems: Acidification of Soil and Water: Ammonia can react with other pollutants to form acidic compounds, damaging sensitive ecosystems like forests and wetlands.

Eutrophication: Increased nitrogen levels in water bodies can stimulate excessive plant growth, leading to algal blooms and oxygen depletion.

Air Pollution: Ammonia contributes to air pollution, particularly in regions with intensive livestock production.

Health Risks: High levels of ammonia in the air can irritate the respiratory system and cause health problems.

So, what can we as livestock producers and manure users do? There are many practices that can help with ammonia emissions on livestock farms.

Mitigating Ammonia Emissions: Feeding Changes: Modifying livestock diets can reduce the amount of nitrogen excreted in manure.

Improved Manure Management: Proper storage, handling, and application of manure can minimize ammonia losses.

Chemical Treatments: Adding chemicals to manure may reduce ammonia volatilization.

Ventilation Systems: Installing efficient ventilation systems in livestock barns can help control ammonia emissions in buildings.

Do keep in mind that each of these methods requires much consideration, including cost, and not every control method works for every livestock operation. To learn more please listen to a recently aired webinar by the Livestock and Poultry Environmental Learning Community at https://lpelc.org/ the-role-of-agriculture-in-atmospheric-nitrogen-depositionsources-impacts-and-management/ or by visiting LPELC.org and searching for ammonia deposition. By understanding the issue of ammonia deposition and taking proactive measures, we can ensure that livestock production remains a sustainable and environmentally responsible practice.

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C31

CRYSTALYX® Blueprint® 30

Supplement for beef cattle on pasture to improve forage utilization

Maintain gut health and stability for profitability.

CRYSTALYX® Blueprint® 30 supplement is designed for self-feeding to grazing beef cattle

• Contains 30% crude protein from vegetable-based ingredients, as well as non-protein nitrogen (NPN) • Designed to be fed to beef cattle on medium- to lower-quality forages to help improve forage utilization • Uniquely fortified with all highly bioavailable organic trace minerals; contains no inorganic trace mineral forms PLEASE NOTE: CRYSTALYX® Brand Supplements deliver a continuous supply of nutrients and are designed to supplement the

animal’s diet. When quantity or quality of other feedstuffs is limited, supplemental nutrients, in addition to those provided by CRYSTALYX® Brand Supplements, may be required. In situations where additional nutrients are needed, contact your feed representative for specific recommendations.

Feeds

Call toll-free 1-800-873-0336 — Local 406-873-4433 Highway 2 East, Across from railroad crossing, Cut Bank Bulk Plant toll-free 1-888-878-2812 — Local 406-873-2812

In Crystalyx & Dry Mineral

Bio-Mos® is derived from a specific strain of yeast and helps promote animal performance.

Gastrointestinal (GI) health and integrity are essential for animal performance and Bio-Mos 'feeds the GI tract' and thus plays a critical role in animal nutrition and production.

Taylor’s Farm Store Ben Taylor Valier

Farm Store toll-free 1-888-220-5547 — Local 406-434-5547 Bulk Plant toll-free 1-800-824-8366 — Local 406-434-5546 Chemical Warehouse 406-434-5253 — Store on Highway #2 in Shelby

Bunk feeders Gates - Panels

Call toll-free 1-866-279-3360 Store & Bulk Plant 406-279-3365 Cut Bank Highway - Valier - Highway 44 East

SPECIAL ORDER YOUR TAGS EARLY!

Barb Wire

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Bottomless Bunk Bale Feeders Stur-D Portable Loading Chute

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Diacon-D, Insecto and Dustacide grain protectants B & W and Caldwell aeration systems.

The B & W grain aerator and dryer sucks out moisture and heat. It works in round or flat storage. Aerates grain up to 18-ft. deep and 5,000 bushels at a time. Easily moved from bin to bin.

Our Caldwell line features 12” round duct, T’s, Y’s, elbows, 4-way cross, end caps, adapters, fans, accessories.

Grain hoppers — Scoop Shovels.

Fiberglass Water Tanks STEEL STOCK TANKS

GRADE 5 & 8 BOLTS, NUTS, WASHERS

1/4” - 3/4”

Goulds Jet & Submersible Pump Water Systems Available at Taylor Farm Store

Nichols Sweeps $5. off 00

all sweeps!

Ultra Wing Sweeps 14” - $39 16” - $14

STEEL & WOOD FENCE POSTS

Conventional Sweeps 14” - $15.25 16” - $15.75

Call for more sizes not listed.

Roller chain • Sprockets • Hubs

We make up hydraulic hoses in our Shelby & Valier stores

SPRING SALE!!

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Garden Seeds Flowers & Vegetables $.75 each

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C32

WANTED: PASTURE OR RANCH TO LEASE - - FOR 75 COWS AND UP - In south central Montana or northern Wyoming. Good reliable operator.

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2063 Casino Creek Dr. Lewistown, MT 59457

Email: questions@montanafiberglass.com

www.montanafiberglass.com

We Carry a Variety of

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FINANCING AVAILABLE (406) 567-2211 1-800-567-2217

Denton, Montana 31/2 miles SW - Near Airport

New study looks at how biochar and hemp improve yields, crops

By Seth Truscott, WSU College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences Scientists at Washington State University and partner institutions will explore how soil-boosting biochar and hemp affect important crops like wheat, corn and chickpeas in a new long-term study.

Funded by $5 million from the U.S. Department of Energy, researchers will spend six years examining the effects of biochar — partially burned timber slash or crop waste that improves soil and stores carbon — and hemp rotations on soil health as well as crop yields and quality.

“Hemp and biochar are both potentially powerful tools for invigorating agricultural soils,” said project leader David Gang, a fellow at WSU’s Institute of Biological Chemistry and director of the Center for Cannabis Policy, Research and Outreach (CCPRO). “Together, they might amplify each other’s effects. We want to see how different combinations of hemp and biochar affect the entire cropping system over time and how beneficial these practices are for soil health.”

Farmers with the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation and the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, as well as a private grower in Tekoa, Washington, will work with scientists using biochar on their lands while growing rotations of hemp, wheat, corn, chickpeas and other crops. Collaborators at WSU, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the University of Connecticut will study and model the resulting effects on crop properties, the ecosystem, emissions and soil health.

From fine powder to granules and chunks, WSU scientists will study the effects of varied levels and formulations of biochar on Inland Northwest crops like wheat, chickpeas, and corn in a new six-year project funded by the Department of Energy and other match partners.

A private company, Yard Stick PBC, is also taking part, developing a spectrometer probe, real-time soil analysis, and learning models to accurately measure different forms of carbon in the soil.

“Biochar’s role in the rapid, durable decarbonization of agricultural supply chains is very promising,” said Chris Tolles, Yard Stick CEO. “Our mission is to activate soils for climate and agricultural impact. We are thrilled to provide soil carbon measurement expertise to this innovative project and are grateful to the Department of Energy for their leadership.”

Work will begin this spring when researchers apply biochar to the fields. Resembling charcoal, biochar raises pH and moisture and helps improve poor or polluted soils. Its biggest effect, Gang says, comes from the microbes that thrive in its honeycomb of tiny chambers.

“It’s an interface for many of the electrochemical reactions occurring between soil microbes, helping them take up minerals and nutrients that they provide to plants,” Gang said. “That allows the plants to grow better and yield more bountifully.”

To grow, plants pull carbon from the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. Biochar captures that carbon in a form that can endure for centuries if not millennia in soil — one naturally formed piece was discovered to be over 7,000 years old.

Grown for fiber, bioenergy, food and construction materials, hemp drives deep roots that prevent erosion and break up compacted soils, aiding future crops’ access to water and nutrients while removing harmful chemicals like lead.

“Hemp helps the next year’s crop have a better root system,” Gang said. “We’re using plants to bring the soil back to a healthier state.”

The team will evaluate the effects of two separate hemp rotations and more than a dozen different biochar treatments, including varied application amounts and combinations of encapsulated biochar and time-release fertilizer.

“By putting hemp and biochar together in the soil, we can use less fertilizer,” Gang said. “This combination of treatments will give plants better access to nutrients, save huge costs in energy and labor and decrease environmental impact.”

Seeking tools to regenerate poor soils, such as the sandy varieties found on parts of the Colville Reservation or northwest farmland soils affected by long-term cultivation and erosion, Gang is excited by the alliance of hemp and biochar.

“We need soil that sustains our ability to feed ourselves,” he said. “This is something I need to do for my grandkids and my grandchildren’s grandchildren.”

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 – Page C33

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Feeding hybrid rye grain to cattle

By Warren Rusche, Assistant Professor & SDSU Extension Feedlot Management Specialist Key Points Incorporating rye into a crop rotation offers agronomic benefits, but to be widely accepted, there needs to be a variety of market alternatives, including cattle feed.

Rye grain can replace one-third of the corn in a finishing diet and can be used as the sole grain source for backgrounding cattle with no difference in performance when rolled or hammer-milled.

Make certain dietary ergot concentrations are less than 2000 parts per billion (abbreviated as ppb).

Introduction Cereal rye has attracted greater interest in recent years as either a cover crop or as part of crop rotations. Plot data from the SDSU Southeast Research Farm near Beresford shows that adding a third crop to a corn-soybean rotation increases corn yield by up to 20%, with small increases in soybean yield. Rye offers appealing alternatives to increase feed supply resiliency, as it can be grazed, ensiled, or cut for hay.

Those approaches open up windows for a shorter-season row crop to be planted, resulting in greater production per acre.

Rye can also be harvested for grain. This option provides straw for bedding or feed, spreads out labor requirements, and increases the time windows available to spread manure.

However, for this option to be viable, there needs to be multiple market options so that growers are not stuck with an unmarketable crop. Being able to feed any crop to livestock results in many more market channels compared to crops that must be directed into further processing or human nutrition channels.

Can Rye Grain be Fed to Cattle?

Feedlot researchers at SDSU were approached in 2019 to evaluate the potential for hybrid rye to be used in cattle finishing diets. Hybrid rye was developed in Europe and recently brought to the North American market. Hybrid rye offers added yield potential plus a degree of resistance to ergot alkaloids, but there had been little to no feedlot cattle research conducted using modern cattle genetics and management practices.

We conducted a study in the fall of 2019 at the Southeast Research Farm using 240 angus-cross steers with an 890-pound shrunk initial weight. We set up four different dietary treatments to test hybrid rye. Those treatments were: Base diet containing 60% dry-rolled corn, plus modified distillers, corn silage, and supplement (60:0) Replaced one-third of the corn with rolled rye (20:40) Replaced two-thirds of the corn (40:20) Replaced all the corn and used rye as the sole grain source (60:0) The rye grain was all one hybrid (KWS Bono) and grown at a single location. Ergot alkaloid concentration was 392 ppb, well below the recommended maximum concentration of 2000 ppb. The steers were weighed every 28 days to monitor growth performance, and the total test lasted 117 days. We shipped the steers to Tyson Fresh Meats in Dakota City, Nebraska.

For the first 56 days, there were no differences in feed intake (Figure 1). Later in the experiment, cattle fed diets where 40% or more of the diet was rye reached an intake plateau earlier and at a lower level compared to cattle fed the 60:0 or 20:40 diets.

Growth performance and feed efficiency corresponded with the differences in dry matter intake. Greater incorporation of rye decreased gain and efficiency but including 20% hybrid rye in the diet did not reduce cattle gains (Figure 2).

There were no appreciable differences in carcass measurements or liver abscess scores.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C36

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Figure 1. Effect of rye incorporation on dry matter intake over the feeding period.

Managing weight gain in cattle

By Lisa Moser, K-State Research and Extension news service It is common knowledge that people’s metabolism slows as they age. Similarly, cattle also experience changes in their metabolism as their body ages, say the experts at the Kansas State University Beef Cattle Institute.

Speaking on a recent Cattle Chat podcast, the team of experts addressed a question from a listener about the relationship between the amount of time cattle spend in the feedyard growing to a weight of 1,400 pounds, and the average daily gain they experience during that time period.

“The daily growth or average daily gain of cattle decreases over time because of how the composition of the gain changes,” K-State beef cattle nutritionist Phillip Lancaster said. “Calves that are younger and lighter weight are going to deposit a higher portion of lean tissue for each pound of gain, and as they move closer to a processing weight, they will be adding a higher proportion of fat in each pound of gain.”

He said that lean tissue consists mostly of water and that makes the cattle more efficient with their feed consumption.

Thus, cattle will gain weight at a slower pace as they get closer to their finished weight.

“An average daily gain of 2.5 pounds per day is a reasonable amount of gain, but it will be a different type of gain depending on where that animal is in the feeding period,” K-State veterinarian Brian Lubbers said.

The amount of gain can be measured by weighing the cattle at different points in the feeding period, Lubbers said.

“Just know that if the goal for the whole feeding period is an average daily gain of 2.5 pounds and they are only gaining that in the first period, they will be behind at the end of the feeding period,” Lubbers said.

To address that feeding challenge, Lancaster said, “just figure out the target gain for each of those weight periods and adjust the diet accordingly to meet the end goal.”

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C35

The deadline for advertising in the May 2025 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be April 30th.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C36

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Feeding hybrid rye grain to cattle CONTINUED FROM -PAGE C34

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Figure 2. Greater incorporation of rye decreased gain and efficiency, but including 20% hybrid rye in the diet did not reduce cattle gains.

Does Grain Processing Matter?

In the initial study, we learned that rolling rye grain was not as simple as just using the same equipment we used to crack corn. The smaller rye kernels flowed right through the rollers, so we needed to find another roller mill to process the grain. That could represent a barrier to adoption or unintended consequences that reduce potential cattle performance. Not every cattle feeder would be able to justify purchasing a different roller mill just to process rye, especially if they might not use the feed every year. They might try a grinder-mixer (hammer mill), but that could increase risk of acidosis because of fine rye grain particles. They might also try feeding rye whole. That would reduce digestibility, but if the difference between rye and corn was wide enough, that trade-off might be worthwhile.

We conducted an experiment at the Southeast Research Farm in the summer of 2022 to test those three options. We fed 192 angus-x steers with an average initial shrunk weight of 904 pounds. We fed four different test diets to these steers: Control diet similar to the first study (60% dry rolled corn) 20% rye – Whole 20% rye – Rolled 20% rye – Hammer mill, ground through a three-eighths inch screen Performance results from this study are shown in Figures 3 and 4. We found that feeding rye grain whole reduced gain and decreased feed efficiency, as we expected. In that experiment, rolling the rye produced the most-efficient gains, followed by the corn control and hammer mill. We observed the greatest average daily gain in the corn control and hammer mill treatments.

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Figure 3. Effect of rye processing on average daily gain.

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Figure 4. Effect of rye processing on feed efficiency.

It is possible that we could have more-extensively processed the Hammer Mill rye to improve results. Researchers at Carrington, North Dakota conducted a similar study, but their rye was ground through a quarter-inch screen. They observed no differences between a corn control diet and one where up to 24% rye was fed.

What About Backgrounding Calves?

A large portion of the calves born in South Dakota spend some time in the state on backgrounding diets. The research team at Carrington, North Dakota examined the effects of CONTINUED ON PAGE C37

Feeding hybrid rye grain to cattle CONTINUED FROM PAGE C36

using corn, rye, or blends of the two grains in backgrounding diets where grains comprised 20% of the diet dry matter. They

found that grain choice had no effect on cattle performance or efficiency over the 56 days of the backgrounding period (Table 1).

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C37

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Pricing and availability subject to change. cattle used in these experiments and Colin Whether or not rye feeding is economiProduct sold as is, no exchanges or returns.

Tobin, Research Animal Scientist at the cal depends upon the relationship between NDSU Carrington Research and Extension rye grain value and its alternative, usually Center, Carrington, North Dakota. corn. Market conditions are dynamic, and rye is unique in that some market channels, ##### such as flour milling, distilleries, or for First professional sports organization open-pollinated varieties, cover crop seed, Sustainable. Responsible. Local. in the United States: the Maryland Jockey are often more lucrative than feed grains.

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However, when comparing feed grains, rye is typically priced less than corn. For example, cash grain prices at Chandler Feed Company in Chandler, Minnesota quoted rye at 73, 77, and 85% of August, first-half September, and new-crop corn deliveries, respectively (Chandler Feed Company Cash Bids, accessed August 11, 2023). With those price relationships and no differENGINES • TRANSMISSIONS • HUNDREDS OF COMPONENTS AVAILABLE ences in feed conversion at 20% dietary incorporation, substituting rye for one-third of the corn reduces cost of gain by 5.3, 4.6, or 3%, respectively.

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Less water, similar yield

Appropriate irrigation is key to managing both the quality and quantity of Nebraska’s precious groundwater reserves as well as maximizing agricultural productivity, but what is the best way to determine when and how much to irrigate?

Helping producers to evaluate precision irrigation sensing equipment was the goal of a recent study at the South Central Agricultural Laboratory (SCAL), commissioned by the Upper Big Blue and Little Blue Natural Resources Districts.

The NRDs partnered with SCAL researchers in Clay Center on a study to evaluate different irrigation sensor technologies as well as deficit irrigation strategies. The result of the 2024 growing season study showed that even in a dry year, it is possible to grow a healthy crop while using less water with precision irrigation tools.

The study utilized two types of technology, Watermark soil tension sensors (which are inserted in the soil at 1-, 2-, and 3-foot depths) and Aluvio Precision Irrigation Scheduling (which uses satellite imagery in addition to soil sensors and real-time weather data). Using these tools in different plots, they irrigated some plots at 100 percent of the rate recommended by the technology, and other plots at 70 percent of the recommended rate. This meant that the total irrigation ranged from 4.38 to 8.15 inches throughout the growing season, based on the different recommendations from the two technologies and the different rates utilized. Irrigation was applied with a pivot equipped with variable rate.

The Aluvio system suggested irrigating starting two weeks earlier than the Watermark sensors. Overall, the study organizers felt that the Aluvio system was more effective than the Watermark sensors, though it does come at a higher cost.

Watermark sensors are a low-cost way to improve data driven decision making about irrigation. The Upper Big Blue NRD offers district producers discounts on Watermark sensors as well as other irrigation equipment to encourage their use.

Scheduling based on Watermark sensors was included in the study because this is the most common method of irrigation scheduling in the region after traditional scheduling based on condition of crop and feel of soil.

Saleh Taghvaeian oversaw the irrigation study at SCAL, from design to final analysis of results. Taghvaeian is an associate professor and irrigation engineer at the University of Nebraska Lincoln as well as a Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute faculty fellow. His area of specialty is precision irrigation technology.

The average yield for the study was 249.6 bu/ac. Fields in a 25-mile radius that were not a part of the study that were using the same hybrid ranged between 230 and 280 bu/ac according to Bayer Crop Science, so the irrigation study yields were very close to the average. Drilling down further on the yields, the two Aluvio-managed fields that received full irrigation and the one that received only 70 percent irrigation (5.65 inches) had very similar yields (about 251 bu/ac).

If yield is the only measure of success, then the field managed by Watermark sensors at 100 percent of the recommended rate was the winner, with 254.4 bu/ac. However, that was also the field that received the greatest amount of irrigation (8.75 inches). The average yield of the Watermark sensor managed field at a deficit (4.38 inches applied for the season) yielded 239.5 bu/ac. This is a statistically significant decrease; however, it is worth noting that this is only a 6 percent yield drop with about 50 percent less irrigation applied.

The average yield of dryland (non-irrigated) corn at SCAL for the same hybrid and same row spacing was 180 bu/ac in 2024. “Based on this, we can estimate the Irrigation Water Productivity (IWP) as the yield increase that was achieved compared to the dryland yield because of irrigation application,” Taghvaeian stated in his report on the project. He estimated that for every inch applied there was a 14 bu/ac yield increase. There is a balance to be reached to maximize yield potential as well as return on investment for irrigation cost.

The main take away was that reducing irrigation during a dry growing season can still yield a healthy crop if appropriate technology is utilized to maximize timing of the irrigation.

Organizers anticipate that this study will be continued in the 2025 growing season and may evaluate additional irrigation scheduling technologies including FieldNET or Soil Scout.

About SCAL This project was conducted at the South-Central Agricultural Laboratory (SCAL) located in Clay County in south-central Nebraska. With over 100 field research trials per year, SCAL is dedicated to developing and refining irrigated crop production practices. The total area of irrigated research fields at SCAL is about 600 acres. Approximately 80 percent of the registered irrigation wells in Nebraska are CONTINUED ON PAGE C39

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C39

RLND seeks participants for 11th class

North Dakota State University Extension’s Rural Leadership North Dakota program is now accepting applications for its 11th class, Class XI, set to begin in November 2025.

The 18-month leadership development program includes seven in-state seminars, which will feature expert speakers and tours of agricultural and community businesses, as well as three out-of-state trips. Participants will travel to Washington, D.C. and Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 2026 to engage with agricultural, business and government leaders.

Additionally, the class will embark on an international study seminar in 2027 to explore global agricultural and community issues. Previous classes have visited Brazil, Costa Rica, Panama, Thailand, Vietnam, Chile, Spain and Ghana.

Since its inception over 20 years ago, RLND has helped develop agricultural and community leaders across North Dakota.

The RLND program focuses on leadership skills such as critical thinking, effective communication, self-awareness, decision-making, strategic planning and conflict management. Participants gain insights into agricultural and rural policy, economic trends, funding strategies for local development projects, marketing, civic engagement, coalition building, industry advocacy and legislative processes.

“Rural Leadership North Dakota is the premier statewide leadership program in North Dakota,” says Katie Tyler, program director and Extension specialist for RLND. “If you are looking for an opportunity to grow as a leader, broaden your perspective and make a lasting impact on your community and state, we encourage you to apply for Class XI.” Tuition for Class XI is $4,500, which covers most meals, lodging and travel expenses like bussing for in-state seminars and airfare for out-of-state trips.

Participants are responsible for their travel costs to instate seminars and departure points for out-of-state trips.

The application deadline for RLND Class XI (202527) is June 1, 2025. Applicants must have been North Dakota residents for at least one year and be able to attend all seminars.

To apply or nominate someone for RLND Class XI, visit ndsu.ag/rlndapply25, email ndsu.ruralleadership@ndsu.edu or call 701-231-5640. Follow RLND on Facebook for updates and alumni stories.

Since 2003, over 175 people from 87 communities in 41 counties have participated in the RLND program.

Less water, similar yield CONTINUED FROM PAGE C38

within a 75-mile radius of SCAL. As a result, research findings of projects conducted at SCAL receive a great deal of attention from local irrigators. The soils at SCAL are mostly Crete and Hastings silt loam. Normal precipitation at SCAL is 30 inches, however in 2024 just 25.1 inches of rain fell January 1-December 31; 16.7 inches of precipitation was measured during the growing season.

70 BLACK AND BLACK BALDY COWS FOR SALE Heifers start calving mid-April. Cows are bred for May and June.

Bred to Arntzen & Gateway Bulls. A few are bred hereford.

Located in Central Montana. Please call Lone Spring Ranch at (406) 366-4539

$3250 ea.

HUGE selection of Mini and Mid-Size Excavators in stock and ready to go today!

THE ONLY SALES REP YOU WILL EVER NEED

ANDY SWENSON RETAIL SALES MANAGER - MONTANA (406) 598-2149 andy.swenson@equipmentshare.com

FINANCE OPTIONS UP TO 60 MONTHS AND 3 YEARS OR 3000 HOUR WARRANTY*

Call Andy and ask about our large selection of reliable new & used equipment for sale, including utility vehicles, skid steers, excavators, forklifts, aerial lifts, and more. We have the new & used equipment you *See dealer for details need to complete your fleet.

GLYPEX 5 extra

Glyphosate HERBICIDE

Formulated in Kremlin, MT

A post emergent, systemic herbicide with no soil residual activity. It is generally non-selective and gives broad spectrum control of many annual weeds, perennial weeds, woody brush and trees.

Carbon 375 is a carbon based nutrient with a negative charged carbon particle that offers enhanced uptake of soil nutrients. Negative charged nano carbon provides excellent suspension of tank products with 30% more delivery into leaf phloem.

Dealer for Dutch Openers

Come see us or call for more information!

Compatable with all spray systems

NOW CARRYING...

Over the last decade, we have developed the most effective nutrient delivery method using a natural carrier. Carbon90Plus is the result of our efforts, and represents our commitment to provide products that deliver more to the plant, using less, and is less impactful on the environment.

Check us out for all your sprayer parts & supplies!

Including hose, valves, fittings & more!

LIQUID - DRY - ANHYDROUS

Ag Wise, Inc.

406-372-3200

“Your Crop Production Specialist”

Kremlin, MT

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C40

CUSTOM MANUFACTURED FACILITY

All with Double strength truss systems for heavy lifts. Partnership fell apart and financing failed.

Three opportunities: 90x112, 80x154, 80x126; all heavy lifts. Buy one or all three. Pre-Covid prices.

For information call 218-863-6444 -or- Cody Kisner, Sales Rep. 406-945-4918 rockbottomllc@hotmail.com

www.henrybuilding.com

Stokes Contracting, LLC 1590 Blazen Rd, Conrad, Montana

406-885-0631

Trucking:

• Equipment Transport • Gravel & Dirt Hauling • Hay Hauling • Water Hauling

Construction:

• Gravel Sales • Road Work • Demolition/Clean-Up • Mobile Pressure Washing • Snow Plowing

Equipment Rentals:

• Mini Excavators • Skidsteer Loaders • Boom Lifts (34-ft., 45-ft. & 65-ft.)

• Telescoping Forklifts (8,000# & 10,000#) • Dump Trailer (14-ft. bumper pull) • Equipment Trailers (20-ft. bumper pull)

Operated Equipment For Hire:

• Belly Dump Trailer • Side Dump Trailer • Step Deck Trailer • Gooseneck Flatbed Trailer • Dump Trailer • End Dump Truck • Water Truck • Service Truck • Skidsteer Loader • Roller • Loader • Excavator • Telescoping Forklift • Boom Lift • Road Grader • Mobile Pressure Washer

townsend seeds serving your growing needs since 1987 AVAILABLE FOR SPRING PLANTING HARD RED SPRING WHEAT WB9668, WB9590, WB9879 clp, WB9724 clp

MALT BARLEY AC metcalfe

FEED BARLEY altorado

SMALL GRAIN FORAGES

• trical gunner triticale trical surge triticale • otana oats

vaquero hay barley

GRASS AND ALFALFA croplan alfalfa and many different pasture grass mixes

Townsend Seeds

104 S. Front Street, Townsend MT 406-266-4444 • townsendseeds@rmsi.coop

Build resilience into your pasture lease

By Ben Beckman, Nebraska Extension Educator, Ryan Benjamin, Nebraska Extension Educator Drought, grasshoppers, wildfire and other natural disasters can unexpectedly impact pasture conditions, leading to forage shortages and financial strain for both landowners and ranchers. These events are often stressful times, and making decisions with a clear head can be difficult. Including welldefined drought or disaster clauses in pasture lease agreements can help mitigate risks and provide clear guidelines for both parties in times of hardship.

Why Include a Drought or Disaster Clause?

A well-structured drought or disaster clause ensures fairness and flexibility when adverse conditions affect grazing capacity. These clauses protect both landowners and tenants by outlining specific actions and responsibilities during droughts, wildfires, floods, or other disasters. Without such provisions, disagreements may arise regarding stocking rates, rental payments, and lease termination.

A well-defined drought or disaster clause allows landowners to prevent overgrazing and long-term pasture degradation, provides ample time for lessees to make alternative plans for animals, and ensures both parties still receive fair compensation. A well thought out drought/disaster plan provides flexibility and adaptability to the lease by offering a structured approach to adjusting stocking rates and payments based on real-time pasture conditions.

While there is no one-size-fits-all example for leases, the following are a few things to consider when developing a drought/disaster clause for your lease agreement: 1. Definition of Drought or Disaster Conditions Clearly define what constitutes a drought or disaster. This could be based on precipitation levels, soil moisture data, or regional drought monitoring systems like the U.S. Drought Monitor.

Specify triggers such as a certain number of consecutive weeks without adequate rainfall or an official drought declaration by state or federal agencies.

If the decision of what defines a drought/disaster is not tied to an objective measure like above, decide who is making the decision on when the clause will be activated.

2. Stocking Rate Adjustments Outline provisions for reducing livestock numbers when forage availability declines.

Define how reductions should be determined—by mutual agreement, consulting a third-party expert or using forage production data.

Set a timeline for how these discussions will occur and how much notice should be provided to the tenant if animals need to be removed.

3. Lease Payment Adjustments Establish whether rental payments will be adjusted based on grazing capacity.

Consider a pro-rated payment system where fees decrease if stocking rates must be reduced due to drought.

Check with Farm Service Agency (FSA), Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), Natural Resource District (NRD), or other similar groups about possible implications adjusting pasture lease payments may have on disaster program eligibility and conservation programs.

4. Alternative Forage or Water Solutions Address whether supplemental feeding or alternative water sources can be used to maintain livestock.

Clarify if temporary grazing on adjacent or alternative properties is an option.

If supplemental feeding is used, consider designating a sacrifice area to reduce potential overgrazing of the entire pasture area.

If outside hay is being fed, remember this may be a source of seed for noxious or other problematic weedy species. If possible, use locally sourced hay to limit risks. Feed hay in a specific area to reduce possible spread and allow for better monitoring of the area in the future.

5. Early Lease Termination or Suspension Specify conditions under which a lease can be suspended or terminated without penalty if grazing becomes unviable.

Include a notification period and process for ending the lease early.

6. Disaster Recovery Assistance Mention whether the leaseholder can apply for federal or state disaster assistance programs and how lease terms might be adjusted accordingly.

Check with Farm Service Agency (FSA), Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), Natural Resource CONTINUED ON PAGE C41

Invasive species experts train dogs to detect plant pests

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C41

We sell and service waste oil heaters in Montana and Wyoming.

By Pat Melgares, K-State Research and Extension news service we want them to find. Similarly, we can train In a quest to slow the spread of a sap-sucking dogs to find things we need to find for wildlife plant pest that is slowly making its way across research and management.” the United States, pest management officials Ricketts said dogs are capable of being have turned to man’s best friend. trained to detect Spotted lanternflies, which Kansas State University wildlife expert aids early detection and response. “As invasive Drew Ricketts said conservationists are training species start to expand,” he said, “we are able to dogs to smell out the Spotted lanternfly, defind them as quickly as possible and can remove scribed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s them to keep a new population from starting.”

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service as Humans may still be better at early detection “a hitchhiking pest that is native to Asia.” in vineyards, Ricketts said, but dogs are provThe pest was first detected in 2014 in Pennsylvania, and is suspected to have arrived in ing to be more efficient in forested patches – in EQUIPMENT & BRANDS the U.S. on goods shipped from overseas. The fact, “three times more effective than humans” FOR SALE Spotted lanternfly is a plant hopper that feeds in those areas, he said.

1983 John Deere 4440 Quad, 3-point, 3 hydraulics, front on a wide range of plants, including grapes, Once dogs identify populations of Spotted suitcase weights, duals on hubs 70% rubber. Newer intehops, stone fruits and hardwood trees. lanternflies, invasive species managers are rior, 8000 hours. Well cared for, shedded.... $28,000 obo As it feeds, the pest excretes a sticky, sugable to begin eradication methods, which may John Deere 71 12-row planter with markers. include scraping eggs off the stems to prevent ary fluid that causes sooty mold, which further Howard 40” Rotovator, used for pivot tracks.

Swisher 36” 3-point mower. reproduction, applying insecticides, or perhaps damages plants. The USDA estimates that 18 6 row cultivator, used on sweet corn last. biological controls. states currently have some degree of infestaRicketts said conservation canines have been tion.

F Lazy A Bar Circle Reverse Y trained for other purposes, as well, such as “To the west, the furthest detection of a $5000 $25,000 detecting coyote scat (poop) to help in various living Spotted lanternfly is in Iowa, so eastern studies, or finding nests of various bird species Kansas is definitely within an area that has a Phone (406) 480-2094 or (406) 480-7317 that may be monitored for research. high probability of expansion,” said Ricketts, noting that the Spotted lanternfly can be devastating to vineyards. “Within one growing season of the infestation starting, you could see 80% to 100% vine loss.”

Attempting to slow its spread, Ricketts said wildlife management experts are using every option available, including capitalizing on dogs’ keen sense of smell.

Graze er “Conservation canines are a Yearl 1500 ain P G 28 Ton Silage f o ) . really cool use of dogs, and it’s 130 A ings on a .5 lbs(69% TDN* 3 Pasco, WA c a relatively new thing in wildDay t. Cattle for 30re Pivot life management,” Ricketts 5-7 w Days said. “So, think about a bomb detection dog; they’ve been * Jesse Norcutt, Currant, NV trained to smell out something

GREENWAY’S

GRAZING CORN

Build resilience CONTINUED FROM PAGE C40

District (NRD), or other similar groups about possible implications adjusting pasture lease payments may have on disaster program eligibility and conservation programs.

Keep clear records of any adjustments that may be required for disaster programs or to adjust terms of conservation projects.

Conclusion Including a drought/disaster clause in a pasture lease is a proactive step that benefits both landowners and tenants.

By setting clear expectations and providing a framework for decision-making during adverse conditions, these clauses contribute to more resilient grazing agreements. By incorporating flexible terms into leases both parties can ensure long-term sustainability for both land and livestock.

Before finalizing a lease agreement, it’s advisable to consult legal professionals specializing in agricultural contracts to ensure that all necessary provisions are in place.

Greenway Seeds Grazing Corn (GX80) is the No. 1 grazing corn in the nation because it is 5-6 days earlier than the competition.

This allows the rancher to plant 5-6 days later and still reach peak sugar content (pre tassel) before the frost shuts you down!

OVERSEED ALFALFA with Grazing Corn

Plant with a grain drill following second cutting on an older field alfalfa. Ready to graze in early September.

“We planted GX80 following second cut alfalfa. If we had to do that over we would follow third cut. We grazed 400 head for two weeks on 20 acres” Cory Veterre - Greenriver, Utah

HERE’S WHAT RANCHERS ARE SAYING Casey Calvin - Monte Vista, CO We grazed lambs on GX80. They ate it all the way to the ground. Unbelievable! (See website for photos)

Crawford Cattle - Winnemucca, NV

Planted mid July, it was way over our heads. We were surprised as to how long we were able to graze. We also baled some of it. We’re buying again.

Cory Miller - Grass Valley Farm, Missoula, MT We planted our GX80 under wheel lines and watered heavily. This was key as the corn grew 7ft tall!

Tom Kerns for Mike Becker Ranch - Baker, OR We were able to carry 14 A.U.M.’s per acre with our late season grazing of GX80.

Jesse Norcutt - Currant, NV We cut and baled the GX80 at pre-tussel. It was fed to 5-7 wt. cattle, and they gained 31/2 lbs/day

Alan Greenway Seedsman

FREE SWEET CORN SEED WITH ORDERS!

“Modern Forages Sold Nationwide And Canada”

Over 50 Years Experience

Greenway Seeds Caldwell, ID Alan Greenway 208-250-0159 (cell) 208-454-8342 (message)

G R E E N WAY S E E D S w w w. g r e e n w a y s e e d . c o m

Warehouses in Caldwell, ID and Deerfield, WI

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C42

If She Likes Cowboys

TURNKEY BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY 9-acre feedlot and farm retail on Highway 95 Frontage in Athol, Idaho.

Equipped with permits, buildings, power, well, septic and more. Seller may carry!

Call Jamie Jenicek with Keller Williams Realty Coeur d’Alene (208) 659-8690

• LENTIL SEED AVAILABLE • PVP Avondale Lentil Protected

Available for 2025 Planting Call today to reserve your seed supply

She had on a blouse today That is hiding lots of beauty and splendor It was white with lots of long stemmed roses on it And it just fit her gender I’ll bet it would be hard To get to know her, even on bended knees A lady as pretty as she is Could have anyone she pleased She had a smile that could melt A cold December snow Time flies by to fast watching her And you hate to get up to go I’ll cover lots of miles and many days Before another one like her I’ll find I know her better than she thinks Cuz I’ve all ready loved her in my mind If she likes cowboys, just to get to know her And get a pick up parked in her yard I would buy those fancy boots, big buckle and hat And touch the brim when I say, “Howdy pard.”

Taller for Ease of Harvest • Higher Yield Certified Seed Available

Big Sky Wholesale Seeds, Inc. Box 852, Shelby, MT 59474 Phone 434-5011 FAX 406-434-5014 E-mail: bigskyseeds@3rivers.net Web site: www.bigskyseeds.com

If she likes rich men, I’d borrow or steal A nice fancy western suit And fill my pockets with lots of fives and ones So I look like I got a lotta loot But I can’t dance the two step And not being rich is hard to hide Maybe she would take me just the way I am And we could ride around in my old Chevy step side.

From Down Ridgway’s Road ©Robert Lee Ridgway ##### When you see something you like, your pupils dilate.

View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today

~ ~ COMBINES ~ ~

Not too early to start thinking of that upgrade in combines for the upcoming season.

See our full line of used machines to dover your needs. Many nore not listed.

2022 John Deere X9 1100 Signature edition, Ultimate cab/lights, Gen 4 display with extended monitor, 31-ft. unloading auger, fixed speed/CM/ fore & aft, feederhouse extended wear grain handling, kondex all crop concaves advance tailboard with extra fine cut, adjustable knife bank and auger spout, 650/85R 38 duals and VF750/65R26 rear tires, Combine Advisor/Active Yield, large tool box. Stock #91881........... $597,500 (14) 2021 John Deere S790 with General Wear package, premium cab with leather and premium radio, LED lighting, Combine Advisor, receiver and 4600 display, Pro Drive transmission with HarvestSmart, TriStream rotor with extended wear package, general purpose chaffer and sieve, extended wear grain handling package, power folding GT covers, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, PowerCast tailboard, adjustable front chaffer, 1100 LSW front tires, and 750 LSW rear tires.

Stock #84963.................... $383,000 (1) 2022 John Deere S780 with Premium cab with leather, Active Yield with moisture and yield sensors, 4600 command center, Combine Advisor, ProDrive with HarvestSmart, TriStream rotor, power folding GT covers, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, Advanced PowerCast tailboard with fine cut chopper, 12” axle spacers.

Stock #88899.................... $475,000 (1) 2017 John Deere 690 with CM with fore and aft, fixed speed feederhouse, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, power folding tops, regular wear, TriStream rotor, Active Yield, Active Terrain/ICA, premium cab with leather, LSW1100/45R46, LSW710/60R30, 2630 on armrest with AutoTrac, no receiver. Stock #92211....... .........................................$225,000 (14)

2022 John Deere S780 with Premium cab, leather seats, less receiver, 4600 command center, small wire concave, TriStream rotor, power folding covers, 28.5 unloading auger, PRM FC Advanced PowerCast tailboard, 750/65R26 and 520/85R42 duals, Active Yield, power folding GT covers, sidehill performance package. Stock #91423..... $462,500 (3) 2021 John Deere S780 with Contour Master with fore and aft, Premium cab, Combine Advisor, Active Uield, 4600 display (no extended monitor), no receiver, TriStream rotor, power folding grain tank, 28.5 unloading auger, 580/85R42 duals, 750/65R26 rear, fine cut Advanced PowerCast tailboard, grain tank mirror, side hill performance kit. Stock #88014............... $405,000 (2) 2021 John Deere S780 with premium cab, Active Yield sensor, Combine Advisor, ProDrive transmission with HarvestSmart, power folding covers, 26ft. unloading auger, fine cut chopper, 750/65R26 rear and 580/85R42 front tires with duals, side hill performance package. Stock #88920... $375,000 (11) 2021 John Deere S780 with premium cab, leather seat, LED lights, IF520/85R42 duals, 750/65R26 CM, fixed speed TriStream rotor, sidehill chaffer vanes, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, power fold tops, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, Active Yield, Combine Advisor, 4600 monitor with 3.0 activation (AutoTrac included) no receiver or extended monitor, 48 month/1000 hour warranty until 7-27-2025. Stock #88109.......$367,500 (14) 2019 John Deere S780 with premium cab with leather, LED lights, AutoTrak activation, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, ProDrive transmission with HarvestSmart, TriStream Rotor, power folding covers, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, fine cut chopper, 12 inch axle spacers. Stock #88010............................$255,000 (16)

#87957

2021 John Deere S780 with Combine Advisor, Active Yield, 2WD, LSW 1100/45R46 front singles, LSW 750/60R30 rear, lateral tilt, fixed speed feederhouse (with fore aft tilt), ProDrive, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, TriStream rotor, powerfold grain tank covers, 28.5-ft unloading auger, standard radio, LED lighting and extremity lights.

Stock #87957.................... $377,500 (1) 2018 Case IH 7240, small grain, 2WD, singles, chopper, yield monitor, Contour Master (lateral tilt feederhouse) header: Case IH/ MacDon D60 40-ft. draper with transport, no GPS. Stock #90342.........$225,000 (16)

1=Conrad: 888-397-6851 2=Cut Bank: 888-673-9310 3=Choteau: 888-728-9254 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

#87683

2022 John Deere X9 1100 with Ultimate cab package, Gen 4 4600 command center, Active Yield with moisture and yield sensors, Ultimate suspension, Signature Edition, ProDrive XL transmission, extended wear concave and grain handling, 31-ft. folding auger, extra fine chopper, 650/85R38 front tires with duals, Stock #87673..........$662,500 (1) 2019 John Deere S780 with lateral tilt fixed speed feederhouse with fore and aft, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, TriStream rotor, small wire concaves, leather swivel seat, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, 28.5-ft. unload auger, power fold grain tank covers, dual IF580/85R42 drive tires, 750/65R26 rear tires. Stock #85326.........$362,500 (14)

www.frontlineagsolutions.com

11=Lewistown: 800-823-3373 12=Havre: 800-621-5701 13=Chester: 406-759-5010

14=Great Falls: 888-760-2005 15=Belgrade: 866-282-3337 16=Livingston: 800-824-3932

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C43

View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com

Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today!

4WD, ROW CROP AND UTILITY TRACTORS

Check out our lineup of 4WD and track tractors for spring seeding and also call us for a great selection of RC and utility tractors for all your needs!

2023 John Deere 9RX640 with 30” track, 6 SCVs, dual hydraulic pump, Active Command steering, Intelligent Power Management, Ultimate cab, 1000 PTO, 20 front weights. Stock #91048.............. ......................................... $690,000 (12) 2023 John Deere 9RX540 with E18 transmission, 30” tracks on 87” spacing, PTO, Ultimate cab, cab suspension, Ultimate Visibility, 7000 receiver, 4600 display with extended monitor, Premium 3.0 activation, 5 remotes (standard flow hydraulics 55 GPM) Cat 5 drawbar.

Stock #92139.................. $625,000 (14) 2018 John Deere 9520RX with cab, 18/6 PowerShift, 30” DuraBuilt 6500 (with poly mid rollers), 5 SCVs, no 3-point, 1000 PTO, premium radio, premium CVIII cab with suspension, hi-flo hydraulics, Cat 5 drawbar, electric mirrors, premium lighting, 4600 command center with activation, no SF6000. Stock #89083............................ $373,000 (12) 2012 Case IH Steiger 500 quadtrac with 30” track, 1000 PTO, 16/2 speed Power Shift, guidance ready with receiver and display, luxury cab, 6 SCVs. Stock #91610............................ $190,000 (15)

2023 John Deere 7R230 with IV transmission, Signature edition, Guidance less receiver, Ultimate Comfort with air seat and cab suspension, 5 SCVs, 540/1000 PTO, CAT 3 3/N 3-point hitch, dual 520/85R46 rear tires, 480/70R34 front tires with triple link suspension, front fenders, cold weather package, loader ready, front and rear weights. Stock #91841.............................. $339,900 (1)

#91193 2018 Versatile 610DT with 605 hp, 16 speed Power Shift transmission, 36” track, deluxe cab, LED lights, guidance ready with receiver and 10” display, differential lock, 6 SCVs, 2 sets of low pressure couplers. Stock #91193........... ......................................... $400,000 (12) 2008 John Deere 9530 with 800/70R38 duals (80%+), Power Shift transmission, 4 rear SCVs, premium cab with active seat, front and rear weights, Case drain, AutoTrac ready, 3000 receiver (SF1), 2630 display (SF2 unlocked). Stock #92107............................ $187,500 (14)

D L O S

2023 John Deere 6R 155 with 640R loader and grapple, front suspension (TLS), Autoquad transmission, standard cab with cab suspension, AutoTrac ready, no receiver, 540/1000/1000E PTO, 3 E-SCV, 480/80R42 rear with extensions and 1800 lbs rear weights, 420/85R28 front with turnable fenders,. Many other options. Stock #92205..... $219,500 (14)

DRILLS & SEEDERS

2021 John Deere 542C 42-ft. air drill, 7.5” spacing, single shoot, Pro Series spoked gauge wheels, All Run Blockage, 340/60R15 single wing tires, tow behind 1910 cart, SN1A81910HCNF795479.

Stock #87427.................... $258,000 (4)

#88700

2021 John Deere 616R with 132-ft. carbon fiber, 20”, CVIII cab, Exact Apply, premium radio, AutoSolution control, hi-flow pump, 5 sensor boom level, boom air purge, eductor, Ultimate Comfort package, fence row nozzles, skinny tires. Includes 4.0 AT activation, 4600 armrest display, section control, SF6000. Stock #89240.............................. $489,900 (1)

#91139

#91115 2024 John Deere 412R with 120-ft. SS boom on 20” spacing with Exact Apply automatic solution control with recirculation and reclaim, Ultimate cab, Ultimate lighting, 380R46 tires, stainless chemical eductor, integrated receiver (SF1) 4600 display with extended monitor, premium 3.0 activation, boom trac Pro 2, boom air purge, fence row nozzles. Stock #91115........... $530,000 (14) 2022 John Deere 412R 120-ft. 20”, CVIII cab, premium radio, high flow solution pump, AutoSolution control, no Exact Apply, eductor, boom level, boom air purge, ultimate visibility lights, fence row nozzles, 380/90R46, Includes 4600 with AT activation, SF6000. Stock #89332..... ......................................... $433,000 (15) 2023 John Deere 616R with 120-ft. steel, 20” CVIII cab, Exact Apply, auto solution control, hi-flow pump, front fill, 5 sensor boom level, boom air purge, Ultimate vision lights, eductor, Ultimate Comfort package, Cat I cab filtration, pressure recirculation and reclaim, fence row nozzles, 420 skinny tires. Stock #91133....... . ..........................................$570,000 (14) 2015 John Deere R4045 with Command View II Plus cab, guidance, section control, 120-ft. boom with auto boom leveling, stainless steel tank, foam markers, RH and LH fence row nozzles, no eductor, 420/95R50 tires. Stock #86591......... ......................................... $169,000 (12) 2023 John Deere 616R with 132-ft. carbon fiber, 20” spacing, CVIII cab, Exact Apply, premiun radio, auto solution control, hi-flow pump, 5 sensor boom level, boom air purge, Ultimate vision lights, eductor, Ultimate comfort package, Cat 1 cab filtration, fence row nozzles, skinny tires, includes 4.0 AT activation, 4600 arm rest display, section control, SF6000. Stock #89331.... $555,000 (12)

2023 John Deere 6R 230 with Command Pro (40K), front suspension, AutoTrac ready, 4600 display with AutoTrac Activation, no receiver, Ultimate cab, heated rear window, Ultimate seat, cab suspension, Panorama glass roof with premium lights, 5 rear E-SCVs, 540E/1000/1000E PTO, loader ready, (no loader), Cold Start II, fuel heater, front weight bracket with 18 weights, 380/90R50 duals, (1200 lbs. weights), 380/85R34 front singles with turntable fenders. Stock #88845.... $278,000 (14)

Spring seeding is upon us. See our lineup of good used seeders to get that crop seeded quickly. Many others in stock - please call.

SELF PROPELLED SPREADERS & SPRAYERS Several used John Deere and competitive self-propelled sprayers and applicators in stock! Variety of boom and widths available.

Several units are ready to roll with turnkey GPS!

2022 John Deere 8RT370 track tractor with 16-ft. track spacing with 16.5” 6500 series belts, poly mid rollers, 6000 receiver with RTK activation (no radio), 4600 display with automation 3.0, Signature Edition, Ultimate cab, Ultimate lighting, 40K IVT with RHR, IPM, 6 remotes with high flow pump, 22 front weights, 12 side mount weights, radar, 1 /2” PowerBeyond, 20,000 lb. 3-point hitch, Cat 4 swinging drawbar. Stock #87612............................ $408,000 (15)

2017 John Deere 4038 with 120-ft. boom, 20” spacing, 1000 gallon tank, 5 sensor BH, boom air purge, VF380/90R46 tires, high flow pump with dual flow meter, premium cab/radio, R/L end nozzles, LED lights, 6000 receiver, 2630 display with AutoTrac and section control and receiver. Stock #91139.... $259,500 (14) 2018 Case IH 4440 with 120-ft. booms, 20” nozzle spacing, AccuBoom section control, AutoBoom height control, 620/70R38 tires, luxury cab, AccuGuide NavII controller, AFS 372 receiver, AFS Pro 700 display, stainless tank, hyd. tread adjust. Stock #93280..................... ......................................... $222,500 (12) 2012 Versatile SX275 with 120-ft. boom with boom leveling, stainless steel tank, narrow tires, hyd. tread adjust, guidance ready with receiver and display, 20” spacing. Stock #86825...... $79,500 (14)

1=Conrad: 888-397-6851 2=Cut Bank: 888-673-9310 3=Choteau: 888-728-9254 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

2023 John Deere N560 no till drill, 60ft. 10” spacing, double shoot, All Run Blockage, cast serrated closing wheels, spoked narrow gauge wheels, C850 tow behind cart. Stock #88700.$725,000 (1) 2023 John Deere N560F 60-ft. 10” spacing, single shoot, All Run Blockage, 90 Series opener with narrow spoked gauge wheel, 650 bushel tow between cart, 12” conveyor with KSI, tank scales, hydraulic drive with section command.

Stock #89143.................. $562,500 (14) 2022 John Deere N560 no till drill, 60-ft., 7.5” spacing, Pro Series openers, Truset down pressure, narrow spoked gauge wheels, crumbler closing wheels, JD All Run Blockage, 430 tow between cart with 12” conveyor (KSI flip over hopper), no section control. Stock #90471........... ........................................... $383,000 (4)

#88790

2015 John Deere 1890 60-ft. with 10” spacing, 90 Series openers, mix of spoked and unspoked gauge wheels, mix of smooth and serrated closing wheels, All Run Blockage (JD), 430 tow between cart with Intelligent Ag section control, 12” conveyor with standard hopper. Stock #88790..... $198,000 (14) 2012 John Deere 1890 60-ft. no till drill, 10” spacing, single shoot air package for tow between cart, All Run Blockage system for seed, 430 bushel cart, Uniforce down pressure system. Stock #86592............................ $160,000 (12) 2012 John Deere 1890 60-ft. drill with 7.5” 2015 John Deere 1890 60-ft. no-till drill, 7.5” spacing, SS, All Run Blockage, spacing, 8 run, single shoot, primary solid gauge wheel, 430 bushel tow beblockage, 350 bushel tow behind cart, hind cart, 3 tank, 8 run, hydraulic drive 12” conveyor, rear duals, ground drive (section command), 10” fill auger. Stock and variable rate. Stock #90382............. #90868............................ $178,000 (12) ......................................... $132,000 (12) 2010 John Deere 1830 60-ft., 10” spacing, single shoot, steel packers, mechanical depth control, primary blockage, 430 bushel 1910 tow behind air cart. Stock #90381.. ..................................................................................................................... $77,400 (2)

www.frontlineagsolutions.com 11=Lewistown: 800-823-3373 12=Havre: 800-621-5701 13=Chester: 406-759-5010

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C44

The DEADLINE for advertising in May 2025 issue is Wednesday, April 30th.

2011 Forest River Blue Ridge 3025 5th wheel 3-slides, electric fire place, wired for TV, central vacuum, electric awning. Very good condition. New converter.

Phone (406) 450-3647, leave message Lego League team “Lord of the Gummies” brought home the 1st P{lace Champions Trophy on March 22.

Team members are from left to right: Simon Rugroden. Cole Shimp, Henry Winterbottom, Lee Rogers, Oliver Howard, Lydia Rugroden, Emmaline Hergert, and Kolter Luce.

Panhandle Lego Robotics teams bring home awards

Scott Schmiedeke (406) 240-2572 Victor, MT

Henry Kallis (605) 639-1904 Spearfish, SD

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By Chabella Guzman, PREEC Communications Gummies, cookies, hawks, and dozens For the third consecutive year, the Scottsof robots descended on Lincoln for the anbluff County 4-H Robotics program has nual Nebraska First Lego League Robotics secured two of the top three spots in the State Championship Tournament on March state. This has led to a jump in interest and 21-22. growth of robotics education in the local “The Nebraska Panhandle showed up community. with our teams to compete at the Nebraska First Lego League is a worldwide youth First Lego League Robotics State Champiprogram that partners with LEGO each year onship Tournament that had 89 teams from to release a challenge board and theme for across the state,” said Nathan Rice, Nethe year’s competition. The 2024-25 theme braska Extension 4-H Youth Development was “Submerged,” and students were inand coach for the Lord of the Gummies vited to address challenges related to the team. “Our teams demonstrated what they oceans. learned this year through countless hours The 4-H season begins in August and runs of problem-solving, building, and coding.” through March. Anyone interested in learnThe competing teams had between 2 and ing more about the program or supporting 10 members, aged 9 to 14 years. The teams the teams on their trip to Worlds is asked to work together to design, build, and program contact the Scotts Bluff County Extension a robot. The robots must accomplish as Office at 308-632-1480. many missions as possible in two minutes Awards from teams across the Panhandle: and 30 seconds. Along with building and Scottsbluff - Lord of the Gummies: 1st coding the robots, the teams design and Place Champions Trophy & Nebraska Inpresent an innovation project that positively novation Award Nominee impacts their local community.

Scottsbluff - Panhandle Cookie Bytes: “We (Scotts Bluff County 4-H) had two 3rd Place Champions Trophy, 1st Place teams finish in the top three, with the Lord Robot Performance Award, and Nebraska of the Gummies receiving the 1st place Innovation Award Nominee Championship Trophy and the Panhandle Alliance - Sting Ray: 1st Place Core Cookie Bytes receiving the 3rd Place ChamValues pions Trophy,” Rice said. Both Teams are Hay Springs - Pixilated Hawks: Nebraska qualified to move on to world tournaments.

Innovation Award Nominee The Lord of the Gummies will compete in Kimball - Kimbots: 2nd Place Robot April at the FIRST World Championships Design in Houston, Texas, where 67 countries from Rushville - Tiny But Smart: 3rd Place across the world will be represented at the Robot Design tournament. The Panhandle Cookie Bytes Scottsbluff - CCS Robotics 2: 4th Place will compete in June at the WPI Annual Core Values First Lego League Event in Worchester, Massachusets.

National Garlic Day This holiday is always celebrated on April 19th National Garlic Day promotes the many uses of Garlic. And, there certainly are many uses. It’s a vegetable. It’s an herb. It is used in recipes around the world. Native to Asia, garlic has been used medicinally for thousands of years. And, Garlic is believed to ward off evil spirits. What’s Halloween without a strand of garlic around your neck, to keep the vampires away?

About the only negative thing you can say

about garlic is that it can negatively affect an otherwise romantic evening. And, that’s not a problem, if the both of you eat garlic.

To counter the effects of garlic breath, make sure to have plenty of breath mints handy.

Phytochemicals in garlic are believed to provide protection against heart disease and cancer. Specifically, stomach and colorectal cancers.

• Helps to fight off colds and flu.

• Lowers blood cholesterol levels.

• Reduces the buildup of plaque in arteries.

• Used as a treatment for acne and warts.

• Used to treat toothaches

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 – Page C45

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Stock #90255.................................................................$373,000 2021 John Deere 8R 230 Signature Edition, IVT with RHR, ILS, 6 SCVs, 380/90R54 duals, 320/80R42 front singles, full GPS, 1023 hours. Extended warranty till 7-2027. Stock #90440....$275,000 2022 John Deere 7R 290 cab tractor, MFWD, IVT transmission, Command Pro, air seat & cab suspension, triple link suspension, front & rear fenders, Ultimate Visibility package. PowrGard Warranty good till 10-23-2029 or 5000 hours. Which ever comes first. 446 hours. Stock #91693......................................................$328,000 2013 John Deere 7230R tractor, 3250 hours, IVT, TLS, 4 SCVs, 480/70R34 fronts with 480/80R50 rears, No GPS. Stock #92101...........................................................................$135,000 2024 John Deere 6155M cab tractor, MFWD with 640R loader & grapple, 20 speed PowerQuad with left hand reverser, AutoTrac ready less receiver, 3 SCVs, beacon & work lights, mechanical cab suspension, Panorama roof, 2450# weights each side & ballast. Factory Warranty good till 3-29-2026 or 2000 hours.

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C46

Geneticist outlines promise of gene editing

By Pat Melgares, K-State Research and Extension news service An animal geneticist at the University of CaliforniaDavis told Kansas cattle producers recently that a gene editing technique more common in plant genetics is also a safe option for shortening the time it takes to improve cattle genetics.

Alison Van Eenennaam led off the program for Kansas State University’s 112th annual Cattlemen’s Day on March 7 in Manhattan. Her talk was titled, ‘Genetic Modifications in Livestock.’

“Often when people hear the expression ‘genetic modification’ what comes to mind is the whole GMO debate and scary memes on the Internet, or that if you eat GMOs something bad will happen to you,” Van Eenennaam said. “That narrative has been very hard to correct.

Van Eenennaam’s research team at UC-Davis is working to perfect a technique in which scientists take a look at the vast cattle genome, identify the DNA pairs that define various traits, and – literally – edit targeted genes to produce a more desired trait.

Gene editing has taken root in plant breeding, leading to numerous advances in plant-based foods. KState scientists, for example, have used gene editing to reduce the presence of gluten-coding genes in wheat, a breakthrough that one day may allow people with celiac disease to again enjoy wheat-based products.

“In 2009, we were able to define the entire sequence of the cattle genome, which gave us a look at the genetic variation that exists between cattle breeds,” Van Eenennaam said. “In the case of cattle, that’s about 3 billion base pairs of DNA that make up the cattle genome.”

Conventional breeding focuses on identifying and using genetically superior animals that posses desired traits, and avoiding those with less desired traits. Improving cattle genetics in this manner is a long process, often taking three or four generations – or about a dozen years.

Van Eenennaam said gene editing can inactivate genes that lead to undesired traits in a more targeted fashion.

The technique involves inactivating genes that define CONTINUED ON PAGE C47

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Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C47

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Geneticist outlines promise of gene editing CONTINUED FROM PAGE C46

a particular trait. Genetic improvements in the cattle herd can occur within a single generation.

“You can inactivate a gene, or basically knock it out,” Van Eenennaam said.

“That’s useful in cattle genetics if you’re targeting a gene that creates something you don’t want, such as susceptibility to disease.”

Beneficial gene variants can also be added to the cattle genome, using a cattle DNA template, to introduce useful traits “such as the polled allele that results in hornlessness into horned breeds of cattle,” Van Eenennaam said.

In the swine industry, gene editing is being used successfully to improve pig’s resistance to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome, a devastating disease that costs that industry about $1.2 billion per year in the United States alone.

Van Eenennaam said that while gene editing research is being conducted in many food animals, the technology still faces regulatory hurdles in the U.S., as well as the need to overcome perceptions among countries that buy U.S. beef.

“It’s a new-ish technology and the regulations are just kind of catching up,” she said. “So we haven’t really gotten a lot of products on the market yet.”

Van Eenennaam’s complete talk is available online from K-State’s Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, at https://www. asi.k-state.edu/events/cattlemens-day. That website also includes videos by other presenters at this year’s event, as well as reports from research conducted at K-State in the past year. ##### The class was told to paint a picture of cows grazing in a meadow.

Soon, Little Johnny lifts a hand that he’s finished and shows the teacher a blank sheet of paper.

“But Johnny, you didn’t paint anything on it?” says the teacher.

“Well, the cows have eaten all the grass and since there was no grass left, they just went away.” ##### Teacher: “Why are you praying in class little Johnny?”

Little Johnny: “My mom taught me to always pray before going to sleep.”

Trader’s Dispatch, April 2025 — Page C48

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2012 John Deere 2019 John Deere 2023 John Deere 2013 John Deere D450 4940 sprayer 412R 735D Header

• 35-ft. draper header • 641 hours Buy or Lease to own

$24,857/yr - oac

• Very clean

Buy or Lease to own

$8169/yr - oac

2017 John Deere 1870 Air Drill • 76-ft.• Remotes • Loaded • High flotation kits • C850 tow behind cart Buy or Lease to own

$86,104/yr - oac

888-453-2924 406-453-2924

• Factory Warranty • SS Educator • 15” nozzle spacing • 120-ft. boom • 2515 hours • StarFire 7000 receiver • Sectional Control • 120-ft. Carbon Fiber Booms

$429,740

Buy or Lease to own

$31,372/yr - oac

2016 John Deere 1870 Air Drill • 76-ft.

• 550 tow behind tank

Call For Pricing

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