November 2014 The Epidemiology Monitor

Latest Ebola Situation Report Contains Good News & Bad

In This Issue

Epidemiologic Patterns Vary In The Most Affected Countries In one of the most comprehensive summaries of the Ebola outbreak to date, the latest WHO situation report documents more than 13,000 cases as of early November in eight countries (Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Spain, and the United States) and almost 5,000 deaths. Among the three West African countries reporting more than 99% of the cases, weekly incidence appears stable in Guinea and declining in Liberia. However, the incidence continues to rise in Sierra Leone, especially in Freetown the capital city.

The Good News While initial reports of a decline in cases were uncertain, a recent press release from Doctors Without Borders on November 10 confirms that cases being admitted to their treatment centers are clearly down for the first time in the epidemic. Warning that case numbers could rise again as they have in Guinea, the organization says “priority should be given to a more flexible approach that allows a rapid response to new outbreaks and gets - Ebola continues on page 2

Harvard Epidemiologist Receives NIH Pioneer Award To Better Learn What Works In Public Health What do you do as a productive researcher after you have published nearly 550 papers and learned about multiple diseases? The answer, if you’re Harvard’s Donna Spiegelman, is you switch gears to become more actively involved in developing methods to better assure the use of what you and others learn from etiologic studies. Spiegelman is

professor of epidemiologic methods at Harvard and a lead numbers and methods person behind the Nurses Health Studies, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and other research projects at Harvard.

She will focus the later part of her career doing a better job of evaluating public health interventions.

- Harvard continues on page 4

-3Shoe-Leather Epidemiologist Blogs About Ebola on the Front Lines

-6EpiNews Briefs -10Job & Event Marketplace

November 2014 Volume Thirty Five Number Eleven

-Ebola continued from page 1 The Epidemiology Monitor ISSN (0744-0898) is published monthly (except August) by Roger Bernier, Ph.D., MPH at 33 Indigo Plantation Rd, Okatie, SC, 29909, USA. All rights reserved.

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the regular health care system safely up and running again.”

Epidemiologic Variation A closer examination of the cases reveals that while the epidemic started in Guinea, that country has surprisingly had fewer cases (13%) than neighboring Liberia and Sierra Leone. According to WHO, the geographic spread of Ebola within country has been less in Guinea than elsewhere. Liberia accounts for fully half of the cases and Sierra Leone the remaining 37%. While the data are considered incomplete because of underreporting, the case fatality rates vary dramatically between countries with cases in Guinea exhibiting an almost 3 fold greater mortality rate.

Ebola Cases and Deaths in the Most Affected Countries

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Deaths Case Cases Fatality 1760 1054 60% 6619 2766 42% 4862 1130 23%

Guinea Liberia Sierra Leone Total 13241 4950 37% *Adapted from WHO, Nov 7, 2014 Health Care Workers

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Another important feature of the outbreak in all countries has been the number of cases in health workers.

According to WHO, 549 such workers have been infected and the case fatality rate has been 57%, close to the highest rate seen in Guinea.

WHO says a substantial proportion

of these infections may have occurred outside the context of care and treatment centers. If so, it leaves unexplained why the health care workers may have been at higher risk outside the health care setting.

Similar to cases among non-health care workers, Liberia reports by far the largest number of health care worker cases. Also, the case fatality rates so far among health care workers are approximately 50% in Liberia and Guinea, not too dissimilar from the rates in the general population. However, Sierra Leone which has the lowest case fatality rate in the general population (22%) has by far the highest case fatality rate among health care workers (80%).

Progress With Control Measures In a detailed report on the progress of implementing control measures, in the most affected countries WHO provides preliminary data showing that 22% of the more that 4,000 beds targeted to be available are now operational, 52% of the cases are being isolated, 27% of the burial teams are in place, 87% of the dead bodies are being managed well, and 95% of contacts to be traced are being reached daily. WHO’s goal is to be able to isolate 100% of cases and safely bury 100% of patients who die

by January 1, 2015. WHO points out that the 95% contact tracing measurement may be that high because the number of contacts being reported per case may be artificially low. In order to have an adequate level of readiness to cope with Ebola, countries should be able to successfully perform the following tasks: - Ebola continues on page 5

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Shoe-Leather Epidemiologist Blogging About Ebola In Sierra Leone Gives Picture Of Situation On The Front Lines Explains Why She Volunteered To Go A vivid account of the many faces of Ebola has been provided by Kathryn Stinson, a University of Cape Town epidemiologist who volunteered with Doctors Without Borders in Sierra Leone. The shoe-leather epidemiologist was involved in contact tracing investigations and, according to her latest October 29 blog, came to see that “life and death in the context of Ebola is a health systems issue.” She makes very clear why this is so by tracing the path of a typical Ebola patient in her area of Sierra Leone and noting that death can happen at any point in time along this chain of events.

Why Volunteer?

In her first post on October 26 on Ground Up, a community journalism project website in South Africa, Stinson, who is married with three children, explained why she was volunteering to go to West Africa.

“Perhaps I am crazy, but I have the tools of the trade and I need to help…We are sharing a continent with others who are bearing the consequence of a foundering health system that is in turn betraying its own people. While fully understanding the risks, it’s time to put my money where my mouth is. I need to plot that epidemic curve for real. Hence the question isn’t about whether I should be doing this, but rather how can I not do this?”

Patient Journeys Below are the excerpts tracing the

journeys of patients in Sierra Leone. “…The identification of an Ebola suspect in the community to a large extent depends on a well-functioning surveillance and alert system. There is a national toll free Ebola number, and these calls are taken by Freetown and then distributed accordingly at district level…

"...life and death in the context of Ebola is a health systems issue.”

Suspects Identified …Once a suspect is identified, a surveillance or health officer will visit to verify the case. If thought to be Ebola, an ambulance will be called, and contact tracing is initiated. Given that there are only two operational ambulances to cover the district, waiting for an ambulance is a grim reality. Holding centres also operate out of previously functioning primary health care clinics where suspects are sent to wait for the ambulance.

Regardless, there are often too many suspects waiting, and since the ambulance can transport only six patients, during my time in Kailahun, there was speculation that the sickest were most likely to be left behind...

"Perhaps I am crazy, but I have the tools of the trade and I need to help."

Ambulance Journey ***After boarding the ambulance, the sick passengers endure a torturous journey of up to four to eight hours to the treatment centre. While these ambulances are 4x4 land cruisers, there is no space to lie down no matter how sick one is feeling. One is lucky to - Shoe Leather continues on page 5

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- Harvard continues from page 1 Why The Switch?

“...mine was the right idea at the right time."

Asked more specifically about why she felt a need to make this switch, Spiegelman told The Epidemiology Monitor it came from a desire “to make a difference, to have impact on public health.” She did not have to search far and wide to find examples of upstream research findings that could be having more downstream impact. She has been involved in global health and nutrition initiatives in multiple countries as well as in an HIV treatment project in Tanzania. In all these situations, she has been able to imagine how interventions might be altered or evaluated more correctly to achieve greater impact. Now she will get her chance to act on these ideas.

Why The Award

The NIH Director’s Pioneer Award is a grant worth $2.5 million over 5 years which NIH says is for scientists of exceptional creativity who propose pioneering approaches to major "You have to be challenges in biomedical and behavioral research. Asked why she able to make a thinks she won the award, convincing case Spiegelman told the Monitor she is an that you will in experienced researcher who had fact make a received multiple R01 grants from radical switch...” NIH which turned out to be productive. “NIH had invested in me,” she said, “and given that NIH has become interested in implementation science, mine was the right idea at the right time.”

Willingness To Change

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An important criterion for the award according to Spiegelman is that

investigators have to be willing to change the direction or focus of their research, and that is not something everyone is willing or able to do, she said. You have to be able to make a convincing case that you will in fact make a radical switch and not just make it seem like you will.

Unrestricted Award The award she received has very few restrictions and in that sense is akin to the MacArthur Foundation’s Genius Awards where money is given to individuals to do as they see fit. In Spiegelman’s case, the award only requires that a progress report be made each year. Otherwise, there are no specific aims such as those in a regular R01 grant, and certainly no deliverables as would be required in a government contract. Spiegelman’s only constraint is staying committed to an overarching goal.

Unique Ideas While implementation science is not a new field, Spiegelman’s proposal does have unique elements. She described these as the development of new methods to facilitate or improve the evaluation of the effectiveness or costeffectiveness of interventions. She described stepped-wedge designs for interventions as an example of a methodologic area in need of fresh ideas and further work.

Another is in the area of calculating cost-effectiveness ratios where she said some of the simplifying assumptions used by investigators may not fit the data optimally. In one example from Tanzania, she described - Harvard continues on page 8

-Shoe Leather continued from page 3 make it at all, and ambulances have suffered the misfortune of many other vehicles on Sierra Leone roads - that of getting stuck for hours on a stretch of road that has been reduced to soft, meringue-like mud after the rains... ...Infrastructure for laboratory testing of Ebola is limited. Tests are done at one hospital referring to the treatment centre. While a majority of the patients arriving at the treatment centre result in a laboratory-confirmed case, there are those who get on board who are negative. One only has to think of models of TB transmission in South African taxis to consider that the opportunity for transmission after such a long and bumpy ride (including contact with body fluids) is considerable...

nine are the most critical days, much rests on the ability of the health system to identify a case and deliver them timeously to care. Those who die in the ambulances or soon after probably had to wait too long. There is speculation about those who arrive with low viremia (amount of virus in their body) that perhaps they are in recovery. Again, this is dependent on an optimized surveillance system, as well as contact tracing and case investigations being carried out immediately and thoroughly after the identification of a suspect or a community death...

"...the opportunity for transmission after such a long and bumpy ride (including contact with body fluids) is considerable... "

To read the full blog of October 26 and earlier ones , visit: http://tinyurl.com/pbmtha8 ■

Triage ...Identification of patients at triage is crucial and our staff have a high rate of getting it right. This means identifying those who suit the clinical criteria as a suspect versus those who are probably infected. A blood test is needed, this taking several hours – often the next day given the late arrival of the ambulances– for the result to confirm the diagnosis. There is a need for an accurate rapid test, preferably an oral swab which minimises the risk of exposure to health providers, and allows for patients to be triaged before they start the long journey to the treatment centre...

-Ebola continued from page 2 Successful Control Tasks 1. Coordinate overall 2. Respond rapidly 3. Raise public awareness and community engagement 4. Prevent and/or control infection 5. Manage treatment centers 6. Manage safe burials 7. Conduct epidemiologic surveillance 8. Trace contacts 9. Test laboratory specimens 10. Check persons at points of entry

"...Identification of patients at triage is crucial..."

To access the WHO situation report, visit: http://tinyurl.com/lljkj5h ■

Deaths ...Death can happen anytime along this chain of events. Given that days five to

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Epi News Briefs Usefulness Of Epidemiology Models During Ebola Outbreak Is Questioned We have read the projections for thousands of new Ebola cases per week in West Africa unless extraordinary means were taken in very rapid fashion. While the urgency of the epidemic has not lessened in Guinea and Sierra Leone where cases are still rising, an apparent slow down in Ebola cases in Liberia seems to have caught most observers and modelers by surprise. While doubts have been expressed about how real the decline is, a press release from Doctors Without Borders on November 10 leaves little doubt that the decline is real for now, though cases may resurge at a later date.

Where does this leave the modelers? According to a news report in Nature (Nov 6, 2014), “it is clear that mathematical models have failed to accurately project the outbreak’s course.” This reality on the ground has investigators quick to describe the shortcomings of the data being used in the models. Neil Ferguson, an epidemiologist at Imperial College London, told Nature because the model projections can be easily misunderstood, modelers “really need to think carefully about what we really know about Ebola transmission and the impact of different interventions, and do our best to communicate the many uncertainties.” This was not always the case when the models were first publicized.

Op-Ed Essay Identifies Important Job For Epidemiologists— Investigating Epidemics of Medical Care We are always on the lookout for new applications of epidemiology. Now Dartmouth’s Gilbert Welch has turned us on to another use of

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epidemiology. In an Op-Ed piece in the New York Times on Thyroid Cancer on November 5, Welch describes a 15-fold increase in thyroid cancer occurring in South Korea since 1999. The increase, according to Welch, is artifactual and comes on the heels of a major national health screening program designed to reduce cancer and other common diseases. Instead what occurred is an epidemic of diagnosis and a subsequent epidemic of treatment, according to Welch. These were not new cases but cases that were always there and previously went undetected and were of no consequence for life expectancy.

We need to actively discourage early thyroid cancer detection according to Welch because we identify too many things that are better off left unfound. He closes with a plea for epidemiologists not to concern themselves with finding small health effects from environmental exposures. Instead, they should monitor epidemics of medical care.

Better Information For Better Health Policy--Verbal Autopsies Used To Depict Causes of Death In 13 Low And Middle Income Countries Causes of death are difficult to obtain in countries with poorly functioning civil registration and vital statistics systems and where less than one-fifth of deaths occur in hospitals, according to Ties Boerma, Director of Health Statistics and Information Systems at WHO. A new report from the INDEPTH group, a global network of health and demographic surveillance system field sites in Africa, Asia, and Oceania, has sought to fill this gap with a new report on deaths in 22 sites each containing approximately 100,000 persons. Using verbal - Briefs continues on page 7

-Briefs continued from page 6 autopsies carried out in a standard fashion by non-clinical staff, the deaths were collected over two decades. They showed high variability across sites as might be expected, particularly for endemic diseases such as HIV and malaria.

He took a profound interest in HIV-AIDS epidemiology, in particular understanding all the ways the disease could be transmitted, and how transmission of the virus could be prevented, particularly between mother and child.

In a press release from the Wellcome Trust which supports the project, the investigators note that other mortality estimates from UN agencies and the Global Disease Burden project in Seattle rely on mathematical models rather than assessments in the field. “Encouragingly for researchers, says the group, the findings of INDEPTH are very similar to the outputs from the mathematical epidemiology. modeling techiniques, indicating that they confirm each other. The data show consistently high rates of maternal and childhood mortality.

The dataset will be freely and widely accessible to the public on the INDEPTH Data Repository.

In 1996, he was wooed to the University of Toronto and, working with the provincial government and community groups, was able to implement some groundbreaking programs, the most notable of which was universal screening of pregnant women, a policy that has eliminated mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Ontario, and has been adopted by a number of countries around the world.

The data have been published in Global Health Action at www.globalhealthaction.net

Robert Remis, HIV Epidemiologist, Dies Of Bladder Cancer At 67 An article about the life of Robert Remis, Canadian HIV epidemiologist, was published in the Globe and Mail in Toronto October 29, 2014.

Remis died at age 67 of bladder cancer a month earlier. Remis was a professor at the Dali Lana School of Public Health in Toronto. According to the Globe and Mail, Remis helped shape our understanding of how the human immunodeficiency virus was transmitted, and he helped influence policies that helped slow the spread. Excerpts from the article are provided below.

“This work, this life-saving work, is one of Robert’s legacies,” said Liviana Calzavara, a longtime colleague at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health at U of T. “But he was never someone who sought personal glory, so not enough people know about his contributions.” Dr. Remis also produced detailed epidemiological reports to help track the HIV-AIDS epidemic and, again, this approach was widely copied.

Dr. Calzavara said Dr. Remis was also unusual because, in addition to doing research and academic work, he worked closely with community groups to help them use his data to change policy.

To read the entire article, visit: http://tinyurl.com/ksjuuwr

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Dr. Remis investigated many of the early cases of AIDS in Canada, in particular among children and hemophiliacs, grim milestones that first arose in Montreal.

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"...questions of feasibility can sometimes be transformed into questions of costs..."

-Harvard continued from page 4 a reversal in a conclusion about the cost-effectiveness of a particular HIV intervention because investigators had underestimated mortality below age 18. “That makes a big difference in calculating life expectancy,” according to Spiegelman, “and the new estimate showed the HIV intervention to be cost-effective.”

Products Anticipated products from Spiegelman’s work are the development of a toolkit that might be used by analysts working for policy makers. Such a toolkit might include user friendly software or macros that might allow analysts to assess different scenarios for stepped-wedge designs or different approaches to calculating cost-effectiveness.

Spiegelman already offers a long list of macros on her webpage at Harvard and she envisions the possibility of creating a second page of just implementation science software.

She stated that questions about public values may be understood in the social sciences as questions about acceptability or compliance and may be examined as part of the field of dissemination research. She expects to call on such experts to help identify the reasons for failures to fully adapt and sustain the implementation of new programs at scale, and in the development of a short course and other products anticipated to come from her grant.

Words For Colleagues In closing comments to The Epidemiology Monitor, Spiegelman said she hopes other epidemiologists will think more broadly how the findings from etiologic research might be more effectively, broadly, widely, and rapidly translated. She is currently the exception among epidemiologists for winning the NIH Pioneer award and would like that to change. She believes that epidemiology is not even close to reaching the limits of what it can provide to improve public health.

Other Elements of Implementation

"...epidemiology is not even close to reaching the limits of what it can provide to improve public health."

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Asked about other elements important for implementation of interventions such as feasibility or public values, Spiegelman acknowledged that these are also at play in policy making and must be integrated along with evidence to formulate policy. While she has not thought of these as much, she offered that perhaps questions of feasibility can sometimes be transformed into questions of costs since lack of resources is often a feasibility barrier to implementation. If so, these costs should also be factored in to the estimates of cost-effectiveness of different interventions.

Donna Spiegelman For more information go to: http://tinyurl.com/nx72r7o ■

Assistant Professor Epidemiology The University of Nevada, Reno, School of Community Health Sciences is seeking candidates for two full-time faculty positions in Epidemiology. Research and teaching interests in Chronic Disease Epidemiology or Environmental Epidemiology are preferred, but all candidates will be considered. Duties include: teaching graduate and undergraduate students, advising graduate students, developing an independent program of scholarship, and engaging in University, community, and professional service appropriate for a university faculty member.

The University of Nevada, Reno, School of Community Health Sciences seeks two innovative, energetic scientists for tenure track faculty positions in Epidemiology at the rank of Assistant Professor. The school offers an accredited MPH in Epidemiology and Social-Behavioral Health, a BS in Community Health Sciences and is seeking accreditation for several MPH and PhD programs. The successful applicants are expected to: teach graduate (MPH and PhD) and undergraduate courses in epidemiology; advise graduate students; develop and maintain an independent program of scholarship; and engage in University, community, and professional service.

The scenic University of Nevada, Reno campus, in sight of the Sierra Nevada mountains, is located 45 minutes from Lake Tahoe and four hours from San Francisco and the Napa-Sonoma wine country. The Reno/Tahoe area is a recreational paradise, close to world-class skiing and snowboarding, kayaking, hiking and bicycling. Reno is home to an emerging technology sector, with a vibrant arts and restaurant scene.

For a complete position description and requirements, please go to:

https://www.unrsearch.com/postings/15760

Closing date for applications: 12/5/2014

Pilot Study on Cancer Risks near Nuclear Facilities The National Academy of Sciences is requesting information regarding provision of research support and the associated costs for executing a feasibility pilot study on cancer risks near seven nuclear facilities in the United States. The pilot study is designed to help confirm whether a nationwide study of cancer risks near nuclear facilities is feasible.

The National Academy of Sciences invites interested individuals to submit written responses to a Request for Information (RFI). You can access the RFI document that contains background information, the services desired by the National Academy of Sciences, and instructions on response format here: http://nas-sites.org/cancerriskstudy/.

The RFI is being issued strictly for the purpose of gaining knowledge of responders, understanding their research capabilities, and estimating the costs for carrying out the tasks listed by the National Academy of Sciences. No contract is guaranteed as a result of any response to this RFI. RFI responses must be received prior to 5 PM (ET), November 24, 2014 at the following e-mail address: crs@nas.edu.

The Training Program for Quantitative Population Sciences in Cancer, a postdoctoral training and career development program designed to cross-train scientists in the fields of bioinformatics, biostatistics and epidemiology for cancer research in the biomedical sciences, invites applicants with a PhD, PhD/MD, or MD degree in one of the three core disciplines (bioinformatics, biostatistics and epidemiology) to apply.

Individuals appointed to the program must be citizens or non-citizen nationals of the United States (US), or must have been lawfully admitted to the US for permanent residence. Individuals on temporary visas are not eligible. Candidates are appointed for at least 2 years and can be supported for up to 3 years. For more information, please visit: http://bio-epi.hitchcock.org/postdoc_search.html Applicant materials should include a letter describing background and interests, curriculum vitae, and names and contact information for three references, and be emailed to: Vicki.Sayarath@Dartmouth.edu The Geisel School of Medicine is an Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action Employer. We welcome applications from and will extend opportunity to all individuals without regard for gender, race, religion, color, national origin, sexual orientation, age, disability, handicap, or veteran status.

Assistant / Associate / Full Professor Epidemiology The School of Public Health-Bloomington is accepting a new cycle of applications for multiple tenure-track/tenured Assistant/Associate/Full Professor positions in EPIDEMIOLOGY in the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics. The IU School of Public Health-Bloomington emphasizes its strengths in social and behavioral health, environmental health, epidemiology and communitybased research and practice. For information and to apply please go to https://indiana.peopleadmin.com Indiana University is an equal employment and affirmative action employer and a provider of ADA services. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to age, ethnicity, color, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation or identity, national origin, disability status or protected veteran status.

BIOSTATISTICS National Academy of Sciences / Radiation Effects Research Foundation September 2014 The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) seeks a biostatistician to join the highly collaborative and productive research team at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) in Hiroshima, Japan.

Candidates must be U.S. citizens; hold an earned M.S. or Ph.D. degree in biostatistics, bioinformatics, or statistics; have a demonstrated record of productivity in a relevant research field commensurate with the level of appointment; and have the ability to relocate to Japan. The appointment can be made at the early to senior career levels for a minimum of two years with the possibility for renewals.

Position level, salary, and responsibilities will be commensurate with earned degrees and experience.

NAS offers an outstanding package of benefits and relocation allowances for this position.

Please visit http://ch.tbe.taleo.net/CH04/ats/careers/requisition.jsp?org=NAS&cws=1&rid=7911 for additional information about and to apply for this position or contact Dr. Kevin Crowley at NAS (kcrowley@nas.edu) or Dr. Harry Cullings at RERF (cullings@rerf.or.jp) for additional information. EOE, M/F/D/V

Center for the Study and Prevention of Suicide

Epidemiology - Health Svc Research Position The Veterans Administration VISN 2 Center of Excellence (CoE) for Suicide Prevention, Canandaigua (NY) VA Medical Center, together with its academic affiliate, the Center for the Study and Prevention of Suicide at the University of Rochester Medical Center, is seeking a junior investigator or a mid-career researcher to conduct public health, epidemiological, and/or health services research involving Veterans, with a focus on suicide risk and prevention.

Training and experience conducting epidemiological studies, public health research, and/or health services studies on suicidal behavior and/or on populations at risk for suicidal behavior is required, and it is expected that the successful candidate will have the ability to obtain research funding. The position provides considerable “hard money” salary support for this position, with the expectation that s/he will develop a program of research supported by additional external funding.

The incumbent will be eligible for a faculty appointment at the University of Rochester Medical Center, which is commensurate with experience.

Position: Health Science Specialist, GS-13.

Send cover letter and vita to: Kenneth R. Conner, PsyD, MPH, CoE Director, ken.conner@va.gov, and copy Ms. Lisa Lochner, lisa.lochner@va.gov.

Chair Position Department of Epidemiology The School of Public Health at West Virginia University is seeking an innovative leader and scholar to chair its Department of Epidemiology.

We seek applicants with a PhD, ScD, MD or equivalent in Epidemiology or associated field, a strong record of externally funded research, an excellent teaching record, experience in mentoring junior faculty and graduate students, and a record of administrative experience and budget management.

The successful candidate will demonstrate accomplishments sufficient to qualify for hire at the rank of tenured Professor, will have excellent interpersonal and leadership skills, and will have the vision and ability to raise the national and international stature of the department.

Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH) invites candidates to apply for open faculty positions in the Department of Epidemiology. Successful applicants will be recognized researchers and educators in epidemiology with an established record of externally funded research.

BUSPH is a top-tier school of public health and globally recognized leader in graduate education and public health research, with strategic emphases in assuring affordable, quality health care; creating a clean environment; eliminating health disparities; and promoting health globally.

A description of the Department of Epidemiology can be found at http://www.bu.edu/sph/academics/departments. There are opportunities to collaborate with the School’s Center for Global Health and Development, Slone Epidemiology Center, Framingham Heart Study, and clinicians serving the diverse patient population at Boston Medical Center.

Candidates should have a PhD or equivalent degree in epidemiology, and have demonstrated a commitment to graduate education and mentorship of students, and shown outstanding scholarship through publication and an established record of externally funded research. Interested candidates are invited to submit a curriculum vitae and a cover letter in confidence to Shelley Barnes, Epidemiology Faculty Search Committee by email to sbbarnes@bu.edu. The cover letter should briefly describe the candidate’s research and teaching experience. The positions will remain open until filled. www.bu.edu/sph/faculty-openings/ Boston University is an equal opportunity employer and all qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability status, protected veteran status, or any other characteristic protected by law.

Clinical Researcher / Professor of Surgery Dept of Surgery / Div of Trauma, Emergency Surgery and Surgical Critical Care at the NYU School of Medicine is seeking to hire a full-time clinical researcher as an assistant or associate professor of surgery. This person will provide leadership for conceptualizing and conducting research in Trauma and Injury Prevention. As a member of the Department of Surgery, the successful candidate will have access to all the resources available and the collaborative potential at the NYU School of Medicine. The ideal applicant will have expertise in study and database design, complex statistical modeling and successful grant writing. peerreviewed publications in the field of public health, a history of successful grant-writing, and a PhD in public health, epidemiology, biostatistics or a related discipline.

The position is a twelve-month academic appointment, with salary and start-up package commensurate with qualifications and experience.

The division is based at Bellevue Hospital Center (BHC), a level 1 trauma center in New York City. BHC receives over 100,000 emergency room visits and 1,400 trauma admissions annually. The trauma faculty currently conducts epidemiologic research focusing on pedestrian and bicycling road safety and health services research focusing on fall prevention and older adult trauma. The goal of the Trauma Division is to expand and develop its research core and mission.

To view the full job description and apply, please visit: http://tinyurl.com/kudggm5

Applicants should send a letter indicating interest and a curriculum vitae to Spiros.Frangos@nyumc.org

Faculty Positions Available Antimicrobial Resistance : Ecology, Epidemiology & Evolution Antimicrobial Resistance: Surveillance & Epidemiology

These are permanent full-time faculty positions in the Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health (www.globalhealth.wsu.edu) at Washington State University. Rank is at the level of Assistant, Associate or full Professor; position may be tenured, tenure-track, or clinical track depending on qualifications and scholarly focus.

Residency in the U.S. is not a requirement for these positions.

Position 1: Antimicrobial Resistance: Ecology, Epidemiology, and Evolution Required Qualifications: ● A doctoral degree (PhD, DrPH, DVM, MD or equivalent). ● 2 years post-doctoral research experience in epidemiological modeling. ● Evidence of research publication in high impact international journals.

Preferred Qualifications: ● Record of modeling and testing interventions ● Collaboration with state, national, and/or international health organizations. ● Record of work with and travel in low- and middle-income countries. ● Successful record of teaching at the graduate and/or professional medical levels. ● Success in working in multidisciplinary collaborative programs is strongly desired.

Position 2: Antimicrobial Resistance: Surveillance and Epidemiology Required Qualifications: ● Doctoral degree (PhD, DrPH, DVM, MD or equivalent). ● 2 years post-doctoral research experience in epidemiological modeling. ● Evidence of research publication in high impact international journals.

Preferred qualifications: Record of applying active surveillance approaches to resistance determinants and/or pathogens.

Collaboration with state, national, and/or international health organizations.

Record with work and travel in low- and middle-income countries.

Successful record of teaching at the graduate and/or professional medical levels.

Success in working in multidisciplinary collaborative programs is strongly desired

● ● ● ● ●

To apply for this position, please visit https://www.wsujobs.com, you are required to submit a letter of application, curriculum vitae, research statement, and the names and addresses of three references.

WSU is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Educator & Employer and supports diversity in the workplace.

WSU employs only US citizens and lawfully authorized non-US citizens. WSU is committed to providing access and reasonable accommodation for individuals with disabilities

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