THE CRUST - ISSUE #29

The

CEO elcome to this month’s issue of THE CRUST! As we move further into 2025, the global trade landscape is already shifting. The first wave of tariffs from the newly elected U.S. president has arrived, targeting Canada, Mexico, and China. It seems clear that tariffs will be a key instrument in pushing political and economic agendas during this administration. The question now is: will the world comply with these pressures, or will nations take steps toward greater economic independence and cooperation? Over the next four years, we will witness how these policies shape international trade and, inevitably, the shrimp industry.

At the same time, the world remains deeply uncertain. The war in Ukraine continues with no clear resolution, and conflicts in other parts of the world add to global instability. Economic conditions can shift rapidly, and as we have seen in recent years, unexpected events—from supply chain disruptions to geopolitical shocks—can have significant consequences on global trade and food security. As we enter 2025, we must remain vigilant and adaptable, knowing that unforeseen developments could re-

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shape the industry at any moment.

Beyond geopolitics, the aquaculture industry remains as busy as ever. The coming months are packed with key events, providing valuable opportunities for networking, knowledge sharing, and business expansion. However, as farmers and other industry stakeholder, it’s important to manage time wisely. Not every event is essential—prioritization is key. At the end of the day, our farms and businesses are what matter most, and striking a balance between industry engagement and hands-on operations is crucial.

With that in mind, I want to take this opportunity to remind everyone about our upcoming flagship event, the Shrimp Aquaculture Conference 2025. Mark your calendars for May 21-22, as we gather once again in Bali to discuss innovations, challenges, and the future of our industry. This event will bring together leading experts, farmers, and stakeholders from around the world, making it a must-attend for those invested in shrimp aquaculture.

Stay tuned as more details are coming soon.

As always, I look forward to navigating these challenges and opportunities together. Until next time, let’s stay resilient, adaptive, and focused on strengthening our industry.

THE CRUST - RIZKY

Chief Editor Overview Photo source : doc. The CRUST

Rizky Darmawan Chief Editor

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Issue 29 | Feb -2025

ARTICLE

Advancing Indonesia Shrimp Farming :

INSIGHTS FROM JALA’S SHRIMP OUTLOOK 2025 to maximize the economic value of fishery products.

On a global scale, Indonesia’s shrimp competitiveness declined in 2024 compared to the previous year. The country’s shrimp exports to the U.S. market totaled only $1.68 billion, marking a 2.9% decrease from 2023. Budi noted that Indonesia faces strong competition in the U.S. frozen shrimp market, particularly from Ecuador, India, and Vietnam.

ALA, a Yogyakarta-based aquaculture startup, successfully hosted the Shrimp Outlook 2025 on Thursday (27/2) at the JW Marriott Hotel. The event, themed “Advancing Indonesian Shrimp Farming: Facing Local Challenges with Global Insights,” brought together 350 participants from across Indonesia, from Aceh to West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), including farmers and industry professionals. In collaboration with USSEC, the event featured expert discussions on various topics, providing valuable insights and addressing key challenges in the future of Indonesia’s shrimp industry.

Aryo Wiryawan, Founder and Chairman of JALA, stated that in 2025, JALA offers a different perspective in presenting the outlook discussion. “This time, we’re trying to provide broader insights into the market side. So, from the JALA data presented, we can also see that Indonesia’s

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Issue 29 | Feb -2025

production has not grown over the last two years,” he said.

However, Aryo remains optimistic that Indonesia’s shrimp production will likely increase in 2025. “From the market perspective, the United States remains our primary destination. Today, we’re providing insights into Indonesian shrimp from the American market’s viewpoint through the two speakers we’ve invited,” he added.

Decline in Exports to the U.S. Market In his opening remarks, Budi Sulistyo, Director General of Marine and Fisheries Product Competitiveness at Indonesia’s Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (PDSPKP), highlighted the country’s commitment to applying blue economy principles in aquaculture, particularly shrimp farming. He emphasized the importance of sustainable fisheries production and maintaining the natural balance of aquatic ecosystems

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Shrimp Performance in 2024 JALA observed a decline in Indonesia’s shrimp export figures in the global market.

Citing data from BPS, Liris Maduningtyas, CEO of JALA Tech, stated that shrimp exports in 2024 were recorded at only 202,464 metric tons (MT), a 3% decrease from 2023.

Meanwhile, data from the Association of Animal Feed Companies (GPMT) collected

by JALA showed that shrimp feed production in 2024 totaled 374,350 MT. Based on this figure, JALA estimated that Indonesia’s total shrimp production for 2024 reached 287,962 MT, reflecting an 8.32% decline from the previous year. However, looking ahead to 2025, JALA predicts an overall increase in feed production for the fisheries sector.

Nationally, Liris noted that the average shrimp production per hectare stands at 11.5 tons. “With a survival rate of 75%, this represents an improvement from last year. The ADG is averaging 0.23, while the FCR stands at 1.5,” Liris explained.

Embracing AI in Aquaculture Lukas Manomaitis, Technical Director for Aquaculture in Southeast Asia and Thailand at USSEC, highlighted the growing and inevitable role of AI in the industry. “AI operates behind the scenes, gathering and organizing data to support decision-making. It doesn’t think like humans do, but whether we like it or not, it will have a significant impact on the industry,” he said.

According to Lukas, AI and the Internet of Things (IoT) are already influencing feed production and will continue to reshape operations in broodstock management and shrimp hatcheries. “Aquaculture is unique among livestock industries in that we still have plenty of room for improvement,” he added.

Key Markets for Indonesian Shrimp The United States remains the primary destination for Indonesian shrimp exports, with Liris noting that around 70% of total exports—approximately 135,000 tons—are sent to the U.S. Other key markets include Japan, China, Europe, and Canada. “Our exports to the European Union have increased by 40%, though the volume is still relatively small at around 7,000 tons,” she explained.

Haris Muhtadi, Associate Director of PT. CJ Feed & Care Indonesia, highlighted that Indonesian shrimp remains competitively priced in the U.S. market, with cooked shrimp selling at $8.37 per kg. However, frozen shrimp is still priced higher than competitors at $8.19 per kg, com-

pared to India’s frozen shrimp, which sells for $7.71 per kg.

To regain a stronger foothold in the European market, Budi emphasized the need for negotiations with IUCP to reduce import tariffs on Indonesian shrimp from the current 12–18% to 0%. He also encouraged more farmers to obtain CBIB certification, a key requirement for exporting raw materials to Europe.

Willem van der Pijl, Director of the Global Shrimp Forum, joined virtually to share his insights on Indonesia’s position in the global shrimp market. He stressed the importance of improving competitiveness and diversifying markets for both raw and value-added shrimp. “China and Europe are promising markets, but it’s also crucial to strengthen the domestic market to ensure stability and reduce dependence on exports,” he advised.

Budi Sulistyo

Last but Not Least Beyond the key speakers, the event featured experts from various backgrounds who shared valuable insights on Indonesia’s shrimp industry. Among them were Melony Sellars, CEO of Genics, as well as Lulu Nisrina, Head of R&D Animal Diagnostics, and Sidrotun Naim, Shrimp Health Specialist from CeKolam. The final session included a panel discussion moderated by Liris, featuring Nicholas Leonard, Co-Founder of Haven Foods, and George Chamberlain, President of The Center for Responsible Seafood.

Reflecting on the JALA Shrimp Outlook 2025 event, Indra Setiawan, a shrimp farmer from Tegal, shared that he gained valuable insights into the future of Indonesia’s shrimp sector. “The discussion about Ecuador was particularly interesting. It also made me realize how much we are influenced by global conditions,” he concluded.

THE CRUST - RZ, AB

Aryo Wiryawan

Haris Muhtadi

Indra Setiawan Yahira Piedrahita

Liris Maduningtyas Lukas Manomaitis

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Issue 29 | Feb -2025

Photo source : doc. The CRUST, KKP

Lessons from Ecuador To further solidify its position in the global market, Indonesia can take valuable lessons from Ecuador’s success. Yahira Piedrahita, Executive Director of the National Aquaculture Chamber (CNA), highlighted that Ecuador has focused on local genetic improvement programs and innovative technology to enhance shrimp productivity.

However, productivity must go hand in hand with sustainability, which Ecuador achieves through probiotics, high-quality pond infrastructure, and effective water quality management.

Unlike in some countries, Ecuadorian shrimp farmers

do not receive subsidies or financial aid from the government. Instead, the government plays a crucial role in promoting Ecuadorian shrimp in international markets and facilitating trade. “That’s what a government should do— regulate, oversee, and actively promote its products,” Yahira explained.

“Collaboration between the government and stakeholders is very necessary both to increase production and local consumption. The message for Indonesia is that all parties must work together to analyze all risks and find solutions,” she explained.

What to do:

Heavy Rain Season hrimp aquaculture is highly dependent on stable water quality, making it particularly vulnerable to environmental fluctuations such as heavy rainfall. During the rainy season, excessive rainwater can significantly alter pond conditions, potentially leading to stress, reduced growth rates, and even increased mortality in shrimp. Understanding these effects and implementing appropriate mitigation strategies is crucial to maintaining optimal production.

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Effects of Heavy Rain on Shrimp Aquaculture

Mitigation Strategies

1. Salinity Drop Heavy rainfall introduces large vo­ lumes of freshwater into shrimp ponds, leading to a sudden drop in salinity. Since shrimp thrive in stable salinity conditions, rapid changes can cause osmotic stress, weakening their immune system and making them more susceptible to disease.

2. Unstable Plankton Population Reduced sunlight due to prolonged cloud cover affects the growth of phytoplankton, which plays a crucial role in maintaining water quality and serving as a food source for shrimp.

A decline in plankton can lead to water quality deterioration, including increased ammonia levels, which can be harmful to shrimp.

3. pH Fluctuations Rainwater, especially when acidic, can significantly alter pond pH le­ vels. A sudden drop in pH can stress shrimp and negatively impact their molting process, leading to higher mortality rates. Acidic conditions also reduce the effectiveness of be­ neficial bacteria responsible for nitrogen cycling, further affecting water quality.

1. Balancing Salinity with Seawater Intake To counteract the drop in salinity, farmers should increase seawater intake whenever possible, ensuring that the pond maintains optimal salinity levels. This practice helps shrimp adapt more easily to changing conditions and minimizes osmotic stress.

2. Adding Microminerals Heavy rains can wash away essential minerals from pond water, leading to deficiencies that affect shrimp growth and molting.

Regular supplementation of microminerals such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium helps maintain the necessary nutrient balance for healthy shrimp development.

3. Monitoring and Adjusting pH Frequent water quality monitoring is essential during heavy rainfall periods. If pH drops significantly, applying alkalizing agents like lime (calcium carbonate) can help stabilize pH levels and prevent stress on shrimp.

4. Stricter Feeding Management During heavy rainfall, it’s important to strictly control feed input since shrimp often become stressed and eat less, leading to overfeeding. To prevent this, farmers should carefully observe shrimp feeding behavior and reduce feed portions when appetite declines, minimizing organic matter buildup and maintaining a healthier pond environment.

5. Routine Pond Bottom Cleaning Regular pond bottom cleaning helps maintain a healthy and sustainable system by removing accumulated organic matter, including dead plankton and uneaten feed, which tend to increase after heavy rains. This reduces excessive nutrient buildup, prevents the formation of harmful gases, and minimizes unfavorable conditions for shrimp.

THE CRUST - DELTA MARINE INDONESIA

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Fish School

ARTICLE

Indonesian Shrimp at Risk of Losing EU Market Access Due to Regulations

he European Union has released a list of third countries authorized to export animal-based products, including aquaculture products, to Europe.

This list was published at the end of last year through Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2598. However, Indonesia was not included among the approved third countries allowed to export to the EU’s 27 member states.

The regulation, set to take effect on September 3, 2026, is related to the use of antimicrobials in animal production for products exported to Europe. Broadly speaking, it aims to ensure food safety and combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to protect public health in the EU by preventing the entry of animal products containing harmful antimicrobials. Countries wishing to export animal products to the EU must comply with these restrictions and provide proof of adherence before their

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products can enter the European market.

Indonesia’s exclusion from the list poses a significant threat, as it risks losing one of its key export markets. According to Shrimp Insights by Willem van der Pijl, the EU is Indonesia’s fourth-largest export destination after the U.S., Japan, and China. In 2024, Indonesia exported 7,437 tons of shrimp to the EU. Shrimp Insights also noted that Indonesia’s shrimp exports to the EU grew significantly, increa­ sing by 39% from the previous year, with an average annual growth rate of around 10% over the past five years. This is a good performance, considering that Indonesia’s overall shrimp exports declined in 2024.

Urgent Actions Required Budhi Wibowo, The Chairman of Indonesia Fishery Product Processing & Marketing Association (AP5I), expressed concern over Indone-

sia’s exclusion from the list of countries allowed to export to the European Union starting next year. While the EU only accounts for about 5% of Indonesia’s total shrimp exports, it remains an important market.

Beyond the potential loss of market access, Indonesia’s ban from Europe could damage the global perception of Indonesian shrimp, as other countries might question why Indonesia was barred from such a strict market.

According to Budhi, this is a government-to-government (G2G) issue between the EU and Indonesia, with the resolution being driven by the government. As an industry and association representative, he can only provide support if the government requires improvements throughout the supply chain.

“There is still one year to resolve this issue. We have received information that the government has already reached out to the Directo-

Ishartini

Issue 29 | Feb -2025

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Evelyne Nusalim

rate-General for Health and Food Safety (DG SANTE). We hope the government can address this issue as soon as possible,” Budhi says.

In addition, Evelyne Nusalim, Executive Director of the Indonesian Food Safety Institute (IFSI), tells The Crust that the food safety regulations for seafood exports differ between the European Union and the United States.

The U.S. tends to have a simpler approach that is not tied to government oversight, as its regulations focus only on the final stage—processing.

Unlike the EU, exports to the U.S. do not require a Health Certificate or government guarantees, allowing Indonesia to meet demand and export large volumes to the U.S. “The EU requires Indonesia to designate a Competent Authority (CA) that can ensure food safety ‘from farm to fork,’ covering the entire supply chain, including feed and hatcheries,” she explains.

Unfortunately, Evelyne explains that the Competent Authority in Indonesia tends to change with each new minister, making it unstable. As a result, it struggles to fully understand the issues and regulations. The most recent Competent Authority was the Agency for the Control and Supervision of the Quality of

Marine and Fisheries Products (BPPMHKP), which was only established after the presidential transition.

According to Evelyne, the EU market has the potential to absorb more shrimp from Indonesia—provided that Indonesia meets the required standards. Currently, Indonesia’s shrimp exports to the EU stand at around 7,000 MT, a relatively small volume compared to Ecuador, which exports up to 160,000 MT and is the largest supplier to the region. With such a minor share, Indonesia’s position in the EU market remains vulnerable to being overtaken by other countries.

Responding to the lack of awareness about food safety, she plans to hold an online training session soon for anyone involved in the entire supply chain—from hatchery to processing, including transportation—to help them meet EU requirements.

Government Responses As of this article’s publication, BPPMHKP has yet to respond to The Crust’s inquiries about what steps the government will take to resolve the issue or when Indonesia might regain eligibility to export fishery products to the

EU. This includes questions about the regulatory gaps between the EU’s requirements and Indonesia’s existing policies and implementations.

However, the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) previously shared a statement from the Head of BPPMHKP, noting that the government has pursued high-level in-person diplomacy and clarifications with the EU. These efforts include diplomatic outreach, collaboration with relevant sectors, direct leadership involvement, and regular Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) addressing both upstream and downstream roles.

KKP has also supported the Competent Authority by working closely with the EU Delegation to Indonesia. This collaboration aims to provide EU headquarters with thorough, up-to-date explanations while ensuring technical recommendations are effectively implemented. These steps are intended to demonstrate the functionality of Indonesia’s Fishery Product Quality and Safety Assurance System (SJMKHP).

“Through our meetings with senior officials from the EU’s DG SANTE, we’ve clarified several points, some of which have already been met with positive feedback. Currently, I’m personally leading efforts alongside KKP’s top officials to finalize the remaining requirements for submission to Brussels. We’re fully committed to expediting the restoration of export approval numbers,” Ishartini explained.

She added that achieving this requires collaboration among all parties, including the government, the private sector, and other relevant stakeholders. “The results we achieved today are the outcome of strong synergy between the government and industry players,” she said.

THE CRUST - AB

Harvested Shrimp

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Issue 29 | Feb -2025

Photo source : doc. The CRUST, KKP, Budi Wibowo, Evelyn Nusalim

Budhi Wibowo

Shrimp Market Trends February 2025

he global shrimp market is experiencing a gradual and uneven recovery in early 2025 after one of its worst periods. While output is expected to stabilize at current levels, the market faces a mix of opportunities and challenges related to demand, trade policies, and environmental factors.

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Market Dynamics and Trends •

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Market Growth: The shrimp market is set for significant growth, projected to reach $83.91 billion by 2029 with a CAGR of 6.8%. This expansion is driven by the rise of organic and antibiotic-free shrimp production, growing consumer health awareness, increasing demand for frozen and processed shrimp, a stronger focus on traceability and transparency, and the emergence of plant-based shrimp alternatives.

While some might view plant-based seafood as a threat to the traditional seafood industry, it can actually help reduce pressure on wild fish stocks. By offering sustainable alternatives, it enhances the seafood market’s image, addressing concerns like overfishing and habitat destruction, which could ultimately attract more consumers.

Production Estimates: Global shrimp aquaculture production is expected to grow by 2% in 2025, with mode­ rate growth in Asia and Latin America. Rabobank estimates global output will reach 6.1 million metric tons.

Regional Production: China’s shrimp output is expected to grow by 1.7% in 2025, reaching 1.2 million metric tons, driven by efficiency gains in industrialized farming. India’s production is forecast to increase by 2% to 1 million metric tons, supported by government initiatives to boost domestic consumption, following a 3% decline in 2024. Ecuador’s production is projected to rise by 3­4% in 2025, reaching 1.3 million metric tons.

Meanwhile, Indonesia’s shrimp production is expected to grow by 1­2% in 2025.

Species Focus: The production of monodon shrimp, also

Issue 29 | Feb -2025

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known as Black Tiger shrimp, is gaining traction due to genetic improvements and rising production costs for other farmed species. Global monodon production is forecast to grow by 7% in 2025, reaching 672,000 metric tons, driven mainly by Vietnam and India.

Price Trends: Shrimp prices rebounded in late 2024 but may decline as the market adjusts. Limited supply in late 2024 supported farmgate prices, and this trend is likely to continue into the first quarter of 2025. A sustained uptrend in prices will depend on global output.

Potential oversupply is expected to put pressure on prices and limit growth potential.

Environmental Factors: The potential emergence of La Niña from January to March 2025, bringing coolerthan-average sea temperatures, poses a risk to shrimp production. Lower temperatures can slow shrimp growth and increase the risk of viral outbreaks, potentially driving prices higher.

Sourcing factors: Key trends shaping the shrimp market include the adoption of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for sustainability, the integration of AI and automation in farming, innovations in fishing techniques for efficiency, increased investment in research and development, and technological advancements to optimize production.

U.S. – China Trade War

The Trump administration’s “America First” trade policies, characterized by protectionism and a focus on reducing trade deficits, significantly impacted the seafood industry. Tariffs imposed on Chinese seafood in 2018 led to higher consumer prices and increased pressure on seafood distributors, with shrimp prices reportedly rising.

In early February 2025, President Trump imposed a 10% ta­ riff on all Chinese imports, prompting China to retaliate with 15% tariffs on U.S. goods. While U.S. seafood isn’t directly targeted, rising trade tensions could disrupt supply chains and pricing.

THE CRUST - MIDA

Wet Market

Why Highly Sensitive Pathogen Testing is an Essential Part of Shrimp Quarantine: A Case for Industry Best Practice aintaining good biosecurity for shrimp farmers isn’t just an operational task—it’s a critical measure to protect the health of their stock, preserve productivity, and safeguard investment.

Implementing highly accurate pathogen testing can make all the difference in mitigating risk and ensuring the long-term success of shrimp farms.

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The Risks of Inadequate Testing in Quarantine Procedures Without rigorous pathogen testing, shrimp farms and its production systems face significant risks. Shrimp pathogens—including viruses, bacteria, and microsporidia—can spread rapidly within and between farms, leading to costly outbreaks that may devastate operations. Comprehensive early detection is especially critical during the quarantine phase, where pathogens in new stock can be identified, and biosecurity risks managed before spreading further.

Steve Arce, Global Technical Manager for Shrimp BU at Hendrix Genetics, emphasizes that while current mandatory testing requirements are helpful, they may not be sufficient given the evolving nature of pathogens and the variations in testing standards between countries.

“Each country is at different levels,” he explains. “The need is there to apply more rigorous application in terms of proper PCR techniques and understanding of the patho-

Issue 29 | Feb -2025

gens of concern.”

This evolving landscape requires farms to think beyond compliance, prioritizing thorough testing to safeguard biosecurity and prevent dangerous pathogens from slipping through the cracks.

Real-World Benefits of Comprehensive Testing For Atlantic Shrimpers, a shrimp farming operation based in Nigeria, additional pathogen testing during quarantine has become standard practice. Project Manager Françoise Pironet explains that they detected the LSNV (Laem Singh virus) pathogen in their stock despite the broodstock passing supplierprovided tests.

“Our suppliers test batches before shipment, but we use Genics Shrimp MultiPath as a second line of defense.

Without it, we wouldn’t have detected LSNV in the batch of broodstock, which could have spread throughout our entire stock,” Pironet explains. This additional layer of screening prevented a potentially damaging outbreak, saving Atlantic Shrimpers from significant financial and operational impacts.

Genics Shrimp MultiPath allows farmers to act with confidence, protecting their investment, surrounding environments, and the integrity of local shrimp populations.

Similarly, on an isolated island farm in Seychelles, Riaz Aumeeruddy, Fisheries & Aquaculture Development Manager at Islands Deve­ lopment Company, oversees

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7-day old shrimp

strict testing protocols.

“The accuracy and sensitivity of pathogen testing are of major importance for our farm,” Aumeeruddy explains.

The island’s isolation amplifies the importance of preventing pathogens from entering the farm, as their spread to surrounding oceanic waters could jeopardize both the farm and the local ecosystem. By quarantining new shrimp larvae until all pathogen tests return negative, Aumeeruddy and his team are implementing best practices and doing everything they can to ensure a high level of confidence in introducing only healthy stock to grow-out ponds.

“With Shrimp MultiPath, we are confident we are screening as comprehensively as possible,” he adds.

Dr M Sell Genics

ARTICLE

Melony lars, s CEO

Shrimp MultiPath Testing

Reducing the Spread of Emerging Pathogens The shrimp industry faces an ever-present challenge of emerging pathogens and changes in existing pathogen strains.

As Arce points out, “It’s not the pathogens we know of now that pose the greatest threat, but the yet-to-be-identified pathogens which should be considered and proactively addressed.”

With the rapid movement of live shrimp stock across countries, farms are constantly at risk of encountering new pathogens. A highly sensitive testing approach

enables farms to screen comprehensively for both known and emerging threats, protecting the health of their current stock while preventing the spread to other farms.

Case for Best Practices in Pathogen Testing For shrimp farmers, investing in highly accurate and sensitive pathogen testing isn’t just about protecting a single crop—it’s about safeguarding their entire operation and, ultimately, the future of their farm.

By integrating MultiPath into their testing protocols, farms like Atlantic Shrimpers can detect pathogens such as LSNV in imported broodstock—where other tests have failed—minimizing the risk of outbreaks.

“The cost of Genics Shrimp MultiPath testing is worthwhile. Additional screening ensures that each batch that arrives is safe, significantly reducing the risk of a disease outbreak.”

For isolated farms like Islands Development Company in Seychelles, additional testing supports the entire ecosystem in which they operate, ensuring that farms contribute to sustainable shrimp production rather than creating vulnerabilities.

Incorporating thorough, statistically significant testing in quarantine practices gives farmers confidence in their stock’s health, while also setting a high standard for biosecurity across the shrimp industry.

In a world where pathogens are constantly evolving, the importance of sensitive and accurate testing before translocation or movement cannot be overstated.

THE CRUST - GENICS

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Photo source : doc. GENICS

Going Above and Beyond: The Value of Highly Sensitive Testing The experiences of Atlan­ tic Shrimpers and Islands Development Company highlight a crucial point for shrimp farmers worldwide: exceeding standard testing requirements is an investment in the longterm viability of their farms.

Routine pathogen screening with sensitive and accurate methods allows farms to detect even trace levels of pathogens. This heightened level of scrutiny, often surpassing regulatory requirements, provides essential security.

Steve Arce recommends a similar approach for the industry, particularly for quarantine testing. “Routine screening of all shrimp stocks with statistically significant sample sizes provides at least 98% confidence in health sta-

tus,” he suggests.

In his experience, incorporating these practices and using Shrimp MultiPath alongside histopathology significantly reduces the risk of undetected pathogens. By investing in testing methods that detect pathogens at the earliest stage, farmers can prevent potential outbreaks before they begin, preserving farm productivity and profitability.

MultiPath testing provides qualitative and quantitative data, giving farmers a clear picture of the pathogen load in their stock. This detailed insight translates to better decision-making and the ability to implement timely interventions for shrimp farmers, protecting both their stock and their investment.

As Pironet describes “Genics [MultiPath testing] doesn’t just identify pathogens but also allows us to develop the best strategy tailored to our needs. This service goes beyond basic testing and helps us make informed decisions that protect our operation.”

Break Time Headbanging and Heartache:

The Love Songs of Heavy Metal eavy metal has long been associated with themes of darkness, rebellion, and aggression. With its thunderous riffs, pounding drums, and often harsh vocals, the genre naturally lends itself to themes of war, death, and defiance. However, beneath the surface of heavy distortion and growling vocals, there lies a surprisingly deep and emotional aspect: love.

While metal isn’t known for traditional love songs like those found in pop or R&B, many bands have crafted songs that explore love in its purest and most intense forms—be it romantic devotion, longing, heartbreak, or even the darker, obsessive side of love.

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“Nothing Else Matters” – Metallica (1991)

“Snuff” – Slipknot (2008)

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Perhaps one of the most famous metal love songs, James Hetfield wrote this for his then-girlfriend, emphasizing the idea that love and connection matter more than anything else. The song’s delicate acoustic intro and soaring chorus make it an emotional standout in Metallica’s catalog.

One of Slipknot’s most haunting tracks, “Snuff” is a deeply personal song written by Corey Taylor about love, loss, and betrayal. The sorrowful lyrics and acoustic-driven melody make it one of the most emotional songs in modern metal.

“I Remember You” – Skid Row (1989)

“This Love” – Pantera (1992)

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Though often labeled as glam metal, Skid Row’s “I Remember You” is one of the most powerful love ballads of the late ‘80s. It’s a song about reminiscing on past love, filled with Sebastian Bach’s raw, emotional vocals.

“Love Song” – Tesla (1989) •

A song that showcases both the beauty and brutality of love, “This Love” shifts between soft, melancholic verses and explosive, aggressive choruses. The lyrics paint a picture of a toxic relationship filled with love, anger, and destruction.

This track delivers an uplifting message about the power of love, reminding listeners that even when love is lost, it can always be found again. The slow, melodic build-up leading to the explosive guitar solo makes it a signature metal ballad.

Slipknot

Pantera

Metallica

Skid Row

Tesla

So next time someone claims that metal is all about darkness and chaos, remind them that love, too, has a place in its powerful, electrifying sound.

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Photo source : doc. Slipknot, Pantera, Metallica, Skid row, Tesla

THE CRUST - RIZKY

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