Early settlements on the peninsula

1. EARLY SETTLEMENTS ON THE PENINSULA - People from different origins lived on the Iberian Peninsula between the 8 th century BC AND THE Roman conquest after the 3rd century BC. - Some pre – Roman people lived inland, others arrived on the coast from the eastern Mediterranean.

1. EARLY SETTLEMENTS ON THE PENINSULA -

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EARLY CELTIC SETTLEMENT During the first milennium BC, the Celts settled on the Meseta and in the north – west of the Peninsula.

They used iron tools in agriculture They had livestock They lived in walled settlements called catros located in high defensive positions.

They built circular stone houses.

1. EARLY SETTLEMENTS ON THE PENINSULA -

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TARTESSOS Tartessos was the earliest historical state on the Iberian Peninsula.

It developed in western Andalusia and the Guadalquivir Valley between the 8 th and 6 th centuries BC. Society was very hierarchical, undr a military leader.

They mined metals and exported them to he Greeks and the Phoenicians.

Tartessos had an advanced culture, with strong Greek and Phoenician influences.

They were expert craftsmen.

1. EARLY SETTLEMENTS ON THE PENINSULA MEDITERRANEAN COLONISATION

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Several Mediterranean people founded trading colonies in the south and east of the Iberian Peninsula: 1. The Phoenicians: - They reached the peninsula from the eastern Mediterranean between the 10 th and 8 th centries BC. - They founded colonies likeGadir (Cรกdiz) and Malaca (Mรกlaga).

- They brought textiles, pottery nd manufactured products in exchange for metals.

2. The Greeks : - They founded trading colonies on the east coast from the 8 th century BC. - Examples: Emporion (Ampurias) and Akra Leuke (Alicante)

3. The carthaginians: - They founded collonies from the 6 th century BC. - Examples: Ebessus (Ibiza) and Cartago Nova (Cartagena)

1. EARLY SETTLEMENTS ON THE PENINSULA

WHAT WAS THE COLONISERS ‘ CONTRIBUTION TO IBERIAN DEVELOPMENT? -

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The colonisers made several important contributions to the economic and cultural development of the Iberian Peninsula: – Improved techniques for mining and pottery - New crops such as olives and vines introduces by the Greeks.

- The use of coins as currency Writing with the Phoenician , and later, the Greek alphabet.