Ignite English Grammar G1 ebook by Uolo

Unlocking Language Skills

English Grammar Book

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Authors Ignite English Grammar book

Our

Melanie Grobler

Melanie Grobler is a seasoned education professional with experience spanning over three decades in the field of ELT curriculum development and assessment. She has worked in senior advisory positions in India for 10 years and has developed several K-8 ELT products. In South Africa, she served as national examiner for the Class 12 Exit Examination and worked as a teacher, college and university lecturer and subject advisor.

Chandani Goyal

Chandani Goyal is an English Language Teaching (ELT) educator with over 9 years of experience in renowned schools like Heritage Xperiential Learning School, Ahlcon International School and Amity International School. She is also a published author of articles on classroom intervention and pedagogy. She brings a deep understanding of methodology and approaches to language learning into the compilation of this book, enhancing its effectiveness for educators and learners alike.

Acknowledgements

Academic Authors: Melanie Grobler, Kashika Parnami, Simran Singh, Arpit Agarwal, Simran Nagpal

Book Production: Rakesh Kumar Singh, Tauheed Danish

Project Lead: Chandani Goyal

VP, Learning: Abhishek Bhatnagar

All products and brand names used in this book are trademarks, registered trademarks or trade names of their respective owners.

First edition 2026

This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior written consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser and without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above-mentioned publisher of this book.

Book Title: Ignite English Grammar Book 1

ISBN: 978-81-992630-4-8

Published by Uolo EdTech Private Limited

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Preface

In today’s connected world, the ability to use language effectively is more than just a skill—it is a key to meaningful communication, personal expression and academic and professional success. While vocabulary and comprehension form the foundation of language acquisition, it is grammar that gives structure to thought and clarity to expression. However, grammar is best understood—not by memorising rules—but by using it in real situations. When learners experience grammar in context, they are able to apply what they have learnt in their speaking and writing.

Ignite Grammar series is based on the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2022–23. The programme reimagines how children engage with grammar. It shifts away from decontextualised drills and mechanical exercises to an approach that is contextualised, discovery-driven and embedded in real-life communication. Learners are encouraged to notice patterns in language, infer rules and apply them meaningfully across functional tasks.

This approach not only builds a natural understanding of language and communicative competence but also aligns with the NEP’s vision of nurturing 21st-century skills—critical thinking, creativity, collaboration and effective communication. By providing learners with contexts that are familiar, age-appropriate and socially relevant, Ignite Grammar series supports learners in becoming confident, expressive and skilled communicators.

In keeping with the NEP 2020 and NCF 2022–23, the programme integrates different dimensions of learning that enrich the learners’ overall growth—such as emotional well-being (SEL), cultural rootedness, artistic expression and awareness of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These perspectives ensure that grammar is not learnt in a vacuum, but as part of a broader journey that prepares children to think ethically, collaborate meaningfully, appreciate their heritage and engage actively with the world around them.

Designed with the diverse classroom realities across India in mind, the programme is inclusive and easy to implement. Learners are supported with visual cues and scaffolded learning tasks to ensure that grammar instruction remains purposeful, engaging and accessible. The package comes with digital content, provided free of cost, to ensure a seamless and holistic learning experience for children.

Above all, this grammar series is grounded in the belief that language learning is a lived experience. Grammar is not a set of rules to be remembered—it is a way of making meaning, a toolkit for expressing ideas clearly and creatively.

We extend our warmest wishes to educators, parents and learners as they embark on this journey. May it be filled with enjoyment, exploration, expression and empowerment.

Key NEP Recommendations

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, introduced by the Government of India, represents a transformative shift in the country’s education system. It focusses on building conceptual understanding, skills, values and competencies that align with the demands of the 21st century, while also preserving India’s rich cultural heritage. UOLO is committed to actualising the vision of NEP 2020 by meticulously adhering to its outlined recommendations.

1. Language skills building

2. 21st-century skills, values and dispositions

3. Creative and critical thinking

4. Application in real life

Competency Based Education

NEP Pages 12, 17, 22

5. Holistic and integrated learning

6. Learning by doing

7. Enjoyment and engagement

8. Collaboration and exploration

9. Technology–based solutions

10. Knowledge of India

Teaching and Learning Pedagogy

NEP Pages 3, 11, 12, 27

National Pride

NEP Pages 15, 16, 43

11. Assessment of, as and for learning Assessments

NEP Pages 12, 18, 22

The NEP Tags

The National Education Policy (NEP) outlines essential skills, values, dispositions and learning approaches necessary for learners to thrive in the 21st century. Ignite Grammar series incorporates these elements throughout. Referred to as ‘NEP Tags,’ they are defined as follows:

INTEGRATED

Art & Creativity

Bringing creativity and fun into learning by combining music, drama and art with other subjects

Sports Integration

Using physical activities, sports and games to make learning active and fun

Holistic & Integrated Learning

Cross-curricular and skill linkages to make the learning experience more holistic, joyful and meaningful

Indianness

Texts and tasks are rooted in the Indian context and culture to develop a sense of national pride

Teamwork

TEAMWORK

SDG

SEL

HANDS-ON

Embracing the spirit of mutual collaboration and cooperation while working together or engaging in a guided conversation

Sustainable Development Goals

Unwavering commitment to generating awareness of a green, peaceful, prosperous, equitable and inclusive world

Socio-Emotional Learning

Developing the skills to understand and manage emotions, build positive relationships and make responsible choices

Learning by Doing

Engaging actively in hands-on experiences to acquire knowledge and skills

Higher-Order Thinking

HOTS

Tasks encourage higher-order skill such as analysing, evaluating, problem-solving and fostering deep understanding

GAMES

BHARAT

Framework

Learning Outcome Learners will be able to:

identify the names of people, places, animals and things as naming words.

Words

use naming words when writing simple sentences. 2 Common and Special Naming Words • differentiate between common and special naming words. • link common naming words with their matching special naming words. 3 One and More Than One • distinguish between one and more than one in familiar contexts. • form plurals by adding -s and use them in sentences. 4 Describing Words • use describing words with naming words to talk about people, places, animals and things. • use describing words in sentences when describing something. Review Test 1 5 Words Used in the Place of Naming Words (I, You, He, She, It)

• replace naming words with I , he , she and it in simple contexts.

• identify and use I , he , she and it with the correct form of the verb to be ( is , am, are ). 6 Words Used in the Place of Naming Words (We, You, They)

• replace naming words with we , you and they in simple contexts. • identify and use we , you and they with the correct form of the verb to be (are). 7 A, An and The • use a and an correctly with words beginning with vowel and consonant sounds.

• use the to point to something special or something that everyone knows. 8 Doing Words

• identify actions (doing words) in familiar contexts.

• use the position words in , on , under , near and behind correctly to show position and place.

• use doing words to talk about in simple sentences. Review Test 2 9 Position Words (In , On , Under , Near , Behind)

• use the correct prepositions to describe where objects and people are.

• distinguish between statements and questions in the simple present tense.

• differentiate between this , that , these , those . • use them correctly to point out objects that are near or far. 11 Sentences and Questions

10 This, That, These, Those

• use capital letters, full stops and question marks correctly in sentences.

• use is , are and am as main verbs in the simple present tense to describe who or what something is.

• complete simple sentences using is , are and am correctly.

12 Is, Are, Am

Review Test 3

• use has and have as main verbs in the simple present tense to show belonging or possession.

• complete simple sentences using has and have correctly.

• use action verbs to describe things that happen every day.

• complete simple sentences about daily actions using the correct action verb.

• use is , are , am + -ing forms to describe actions that are happening now.

• complete simple sentences about ongoing activities using the -ing form.

• use action verbs ending in -ed to describe past events.

• complete simple sentences about actions that happened yesterday or earlier using the -ed form.

Review Test 4

• identify how words are arranged in a dictionary.

• arrange words in alphabetical order using the first letter.

• recognise words that sound the same but differ in spelling and meaning.

• use these words correctly in context.

• identify basic words with opposite meanings.

• use opposites correctly in context to show contrast.

• distinguish between male and female words for people.

• use the correct male or female words in context.

13 Has and Have

Things That Happen Every Day

Things That Are Happening Now

Things That Happened in the Past

Vocabulary 1: Alphabetical Order

Vocabulary 2: Words That Sound the Same

Vocabulary 3: Opposites

Vocabulary 4: Male and Female

Reading Comprehension–1

Reading Comprehension–2

Reading Comprehension–3

Reading Comprehension–4

Reading Comprehension–5

Key

Answer

Naming Words

Walkthrough of Key Elements

How It Works

Get Set

Look at the picture.

Naming Words

Look at the picture.

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. Name the animals you see.

2. Name the things you see.

3. Name the people you see.

4. Where are the man and the woman?

Naming Words

How It Works: Concept explanation through relatable examples and visuals that show grammar in use

Esha is at the market. She says, ‘Look! I see a tree, a dog

The words tree, dog and fruit shop

How It Works

All the person, place, animals and us have names.

Esha is at the market.

She says, ‘Look! I see a tree, a dog and a fruit shop!’

The words tree, dog and fruit shop are naming words

All the person, place, animals and things around us have names.

Naming words are words that tell us the name of a person, place, thing

How It orks

Esha is at the market.

She says, ‘Look! I see a tree and a fruit shop

Think about and discuss these questions. Name the animals you see. Name the things you see. Name the people you see. Where are the man and the woman?

Naming Words

NEP Tags: To showcase alignment with NEP skills and values

Fun with Grammar: Interactive activity/game that enables learners to explore grammar through hands-on play and real-time collaboration

and discuss these questions. animals you see. things you see. people you see. the man and the woman?

Time

Words

Let’s meet at 4 o’clock.

The words tree, dog and fruit shop are naming words.

All the person, place, animals and things around us have names.

Fun with Grammar

Name and Drop!

Naming words are words that tell us the name of a person, place

1. Put down 4 boxes. Label them:

Fun with Grammar

Name and Drop!

2. In a bowl put chits with name of people, place, animal or thing.

Dog is the name of an animal Esha is the name of a person

Naming words are words that tell person, place, animal or thing. Tree is the name of a thing Dog is the name of an animal Time

3. Give a chit to each child. Call each child and ask: ‘What do you have? Say its name.’

QR Code: Interactive quizzes for learners to practise

and Drop!

Let’s meet at 4 o’clock. at I will meet you on Monday. on The sun rises in the morning. in at Use at for the exact time. I go to school at 8 o’clock. on Use on for the day or date My birthday is on 2 July.

Error Alert!

1. Put down 4 boxes. Label them:

Use It for Real: Practice tasks rooted in real-life contexts to help learners apply grammar meaningfully across situations show naming words. One has been done for you.

1. Circle the pictures that show naming words. One has been done for you.

I will meet you on Monday.

Error Alert! Highlights common learner mistakes to reinforce accurate grammar usage

Error Alert!

1. Put down 4 boxes. Label them: People Places

The sun rises in the morning. in at Use at for the exact time. I go to school at 8 o’clock. on Use on for the day or date. My birthday is on 2 July. in Use in for a broad time in a day We play in the evening.

We use in with morning, afternoon, and evening but NOT with night. For example: I go to school in the morning. We play in the afternoon. We rest in the evening. We sleep at night. Time

2. In a bowl put chits with name of people, place, animal or thing.

3. Give a chit to each child.

4. Call each child and ask: ‘What do you have? Say its name.’

Error Alert!

Remember! Gives learners key takeaways and important rules to keep in mind for quick recall

She sees many people, animals, places and things. the correct group. Two have been done for you.

Thing Use It for Real

3. Write the names of five things in the picture. One has been done for you.

We use in with morning, afternoon, and evening but NOT with night. For example: I go to school in the morning. We play in the afternoon. We rest in the evening. We sleep at night.

Remember!

in Use in for a broad time in a day. We play in the evening.

2. In a bowl put chits with name people, place, animal or thing.

2. Anshi goes to the city. She sees many people, animals, places and things. Put what she sees in the correct group. Two have been done for you. shop man bus baby dog school cat car People Place Animal Thing baby shop

Some position words can be used to show both place and time like at …at school …at 3:30

Think and Tell: Thinking prompts and questions for teachers to assess learners’ attention and understanding of concepts

Remember!

Some position words can be used to show both place and time like at …at school …at 3:30

4. Call each child and ask: ‘What you have? Say its name.’

We use in with morning, afternoon, and evening but NOT with night. For example: I go to school in the morning. We play in the afternoon. We rest in the evening. We sleep at night. rammar

Think and Tell

Look around you. What is in

Look around you. What is in front of you?

Think and Tell Remember! Some position used to show time like at …at school …at

Let’s meet at 4 o’clock. at I will meet you on Monday. on The at Use at for the exact time. I go to school at on Use on for the day or date My birthday is on in Use in for a broad time in a day. We play in the evening. Look around front of you?

Sita Hello, Arun

Hi, Sita

Hello, Arun

SHOP

HANDS-ON

Self–Assessment

1. Match the capital letters and small letters.

2. Circle the odd one out. One has been done for you.

3. Write the missing letters.

4. Look at the pictures. Write the words with the a sound.

5. Look at the pictures and write the words with the e sound.

6. Match the pictures and the words with the short i sound.

1 Naming Words

Get Set

Look at the picture. Hello, Arun FLOWER SHOP

Hi, Sita

FRUIT & VEGETABLE SHOP

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. Name the animals you see.

2. Name the things you see.

3. Name the people you see.

4. Where are the man and the woman?

How It Works

Esha is at the market. She says, ‘Look! I see a tree, a dog and a fruit shop!’

The words tree, dog and fruit shop are naming words.

All the people, places, animals and things around us have names.

Naming words are words that tell us the name of a person, place, animal or thing. Esha is the name of a person.

Fruit shop is the name of a place. Dog is the name of an animal. Tree is the name of a thing.

Fun with Grammar

Name and Drop!

1. Put down 4 boxes. Label them: People, Places, Animals and Things. People Places Animals Things

2. In a bowl, put chits with the names of people, places, animals or things.

3. Give a chit to each child.

4. Call each child and ask: ‘What do you have? Say its name.’

5. Each child will drop the chit in the correct box.

Policeman Pencil box

Use It for Real

1. Circle the pictures that show naming words. One has been done for you.

2. Anshi goes to the city. She sees many people, animals, places and things. Put what she sees in the correct group. Two have been done for you. shop man bus baby dog school cat car

People Places Animals Things baby shop

3. Write the names of five things in the picture. One has been done for you.

Mahal

4. Fill in the blanks using naming words to talk about your day.

(a) I went to the . (park / zoo)

(b) I was with my . (friend / sister / mother)

(d) I also saw a . (sandbox / slide / swing / fountain)

(e) I ate . (pizza / ice cream / sandwiches)

5. Read the passage. Underline the naming words in green. One has been done for you.

Parth goes to a party. His mother takes him in a taxi. His friend Rohan has a cake. They wear hats and play with a ball.

Ronny: Hi! My name is Ronny.

What is your best friend’s name?

6. This is Ronny. Ronny wants to know about your friend. Fill in the blanks with naming words to tell Ronny about your best friend.

You: My best friend’s name is (a) . We go to the same

(b) . We play with a (c) . He/She likes eating

(d) . My friend has a pet (e) at home. His/Her pet’s name is (f) . Fountain

(name) (place) (thing) (thing) (animal) (name)

2 Common and Special Naming Words

Get Set

Read the story aloud.

Kanika is a girl. She has a pet dog.

The dog’s name is Simba.

Kanika lives in a city.

The name of the city is Pune.

She goes to a school.

The school is called Rainbow Public School.

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. Who is the girl in the story?

2. What is her dog’s name?

3. What is the name of her city?

4. What is the name of her school? Public School.

5. Which words in the story name people, places or animals?

People: Places: Animals: Remember! Naming words are the names of people, places, animals or things.

How It Works

Common Naming Words

The words girl, dog, city and school can be used to name any person, place, animal or thing.

We call these words common naming words.

A common naming word can be used for any person, place, animal or thing.

Special Naming Words

Kanika, Simba, Pune and Rainbow Public School are the special names of a girl, pet, city or school.

We call them special naming words.

A special naming word is the name of one special person, place, animal or thing.

A special naming word always starts with a capital letter. It tells us which one it is.

Note: The names of days and months are also special naming words. For example: Monday, Tuesday or January, February

Let us look at another example: Common Naming

Special Naming

I am Riya. I am a girl. I live in a city called Delhi. I play in Central Park.

Error Alert!

Wrong: Do not start common names with a capital letter.

Correct: Always start special names with a capital letter.

Fun with Grammar

Help the bee reach the flower! Trace only the common names on the path.

Use

It for Real

1. Colour the common names blue and the special names yellow. One has been done for you.

Ravi

cat park

stone river dog

house

flower girl

fruit

Delhi

Rose

Bruno

boy school mango

Ram dog

toy

Delhi car

girl

Mr Brown

Simba Riya

2. Read the sentences and circle the common names. One has been done for you.

(a) The children play with their toys.

(b) Rohan has a truck.

(d) Simran holds her rabbit.

(e) Anika has a boat.

3. Use special names to complete the sentences. Remember, special names always begin with capital letters!

(a) My name is .

(write your name)

(b) I live in .

(name of your city/town)

(name of your school)

(d) My teacher’s name is .

(write your teacher’s name)

4. Let us read about Meena and Mimi. Underline the common names and circle the special names.

This is Meena. She is a cute girl.

She has a cat named Mimi. They go to Green Leaf Park. Meena plays with her ball. She takes Mimi for a walk every day. They play in Nehru Park.

5. Look at the picture. Complete the sentences below by writing the correct words.

(a) The boy’s name is .

(special name)

(b) The plays with the boy.

(common name)

(d) They are in .

(special name)

Rohan

3 One and More Than One

Get Set

Look at the picture. Count the fruit on each tree.

Think about and discuss these questions.

How It Works

1. How many apples are there?

The apple tree has apple.

2. How many mangoes are there?

The mango tree has mangoes.

3. The mango tree has more than mango.

One and More Than One

Ayaan goes to the garden. He sees one apple but more than one mango. There are many mangoes on the tree.

Note: More than one is two or more. Many means a lot.

Naming words show us if we have one or more than one.

Look at the naming words and the pictures.

one flower

one crayon two flowers four crayons three flowers six crayons

one star four stars five stars

When there is more than one, we add an -s to the naming word.

Let us learn more about one and more than one.

One More Than One

one apple two apples

one orange three oranges

one park four parks

one cat five cats

one girl six girls

one hat seven hats

one ball eight balls

one egg nine eggs

one monkey ten monkeys

one bag many bags

Fun with Grammar

Look Around and Draw!

1. Look around your classroom or home.

2. Find one thing. Draw it in your notebook.

3. Next, draw four of the same thing. For example: If you see one bottle, draw one bottle. Next, draw four bottles.

4. Finally, write your sentences. For example: This is one bottle. These are four bottles.

Use It for Real

1. Look at the pictures. Count the objects and write how many there are. One has been done for you.

(a) one dog

(b) chairs

(c) burger

(d) balloons

2. Add -s to the naming words to show more than one. One has been done for you.

One

(a) one cat three

(b) one bird four

More Than One

3. Read the sentences. Fill in the correct words.

(a) Anaya sees one on the bench. (bag / bags)

(b) There are five in the garden. (dog / dogs)

(d) There are many in my pencil box. (crayon / crayons)

(e) Aarav sees two . (car / cars)

4. Read the story. Underline the naming words. Use blue for one, and red for more than one.

Amit sees a bird.

The bird sits at the window.

Amit gives it seeds in a bowl.

The next day, he sees many birds.

Amit is happy.

He tells his friends.

4 Describing Words

Get Set

Look at the picture and read the story.

Sono is a kind boy. Bruno is a small puppy. They are good friends. They play with a red ball.

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. Underline the naming words in the story.

2. What kind of boy is Sono? He is a boy.

3. What kind of friends are Sono and Bruno? They are friends.

4. How big is the puppy? The puppy is .

Remember!

Naming words tell us about people, places, things and animals.

5. What is the colour of the ball? The ball is .

6. Circle all the words that tell us something about the naming words.

Bruno’s House

How It Works

Describing words tell us more about naming words.

• Sono is a young boy.

• They play with a red ball.

• Bruno is a brown puppy.

• They sit on the green grass.

Describing words can tell us about the colour, size or shape of something.

Colour

Shape

This is a green bush.

Size

Sono wears a yellow t-shirt. It is a round ball. I see a square box. Bruno lives in a small house. There are big clouds.

Fun with Grammar

Naming Race

1. Find at least 5 objects of different colours, shapes and sizes.

2. See how many you can name and describe in ONE minute.

Use: This is a

3. Use different describing words for each object.

4. How many things did you name in one minute?

5. Play again. Try and name more things in one minute.

This is a square block. This is a green pencil.

Bruno’s House

Use It for Real

1. Match the colours and the shapes. One has been done for you.

(a) yellow heart

(b) purple star

(d) green triangle

(e) blue square

2. Look at the picture. Fill in the correct words to complete the story. One has been done for you.

(a) Arav and Meera are (happy / sad) children.

(b) It is a (cold / sunny) day.

(d) The red kite has a (long / short) tail.

(e) Meera has a blue and (green / yellow) kite.

(f) They have a (bad / good) day in the park.

3. Draw a line to show SIZE, SHAPE or COLOUR. Two have been done for you.

Minny is a tiny mouse. Minny has big ears. Colour

She has a grey body. She has a pink tail. Shape She has round eyes. She wears a square hat. Size happy

4. Draw the mouth to show the right face.

A happy face A sad face A sleepy face

5. Look at the picture. Fill in the correct words from the box. brown long clean yellow big

(a) Toto has a smile.

(b) He has eyes.

(d) He has hands.

(e) He eats his banana!

6. Write a poem. Fill in ANY describing words you like.

A Fun Day

It was a (a) day, I went outside to play. I saw a (b) cat, Wearing a (c) hat. I found a (d) stone, And a big, (e) bone, I met a (f) frog, Jumping off a (g) log.

Review Test 1

1. Look at the picture and name ANY five things you see.

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

2. Write a special name for the following common names.

Common Names

(a) girl

(b) school

(d) city

(e) father

Special Names

3. Fill in the table to show one or more than one.

One

More than One

(a) apples (b) book (c) bottle (d) cones (e) crayon

4. Fill in the blanks with describing words.

(a) Tina uses a umbrella.

(b) Tiger has a tail.

(d) I saw a ball.

(e) Disha wears a hat. (colour) (size) (colour) (shape) (size)

Words Used in the Place of Naming Words

I, You, He, She, It

Get Set

Read about Aanya and her family.

Hello! I am Ananya. This is my mother. She is a pilot. This is Meow. It loves to play. Who are you?

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. Which word does Ananya use for herself?

This is my father. He is a doctor.

2. Which word does Ananya use in place of my mother?

3. Which word does Ananya use in place of my father?

4. Which word does she use for Meow?

Words Used in the Place of Naming Words

How It Works

Sometimes, we use I, you, he, she or it in the place of naming words.

I Use I to talk about yourself. I am Ananya. I love to play.

She

Use she to talk about a girl or a woman. She is my mother. She is a pilot.

Use he to talk about a boy or a man. He is my father. He is a doctor. It Use it to talk about a thing or an animal. It is Meow. It is my pet.

You Use you to talk to/about someone else. Who are you? You are a good friend.

Fun with Grammar

My Family and I

1. Sit in a circle.

2. Take turns to speak.

• Say your name. Say what you like.

• Give your mother’s name and say what she likes. or

My name is Ananya. I like bananas.

My mother’s name is Kira. She likes to read books. My father’s name is Raj. He likes to swim. My dog’s name is Oreo. It likes to play.

• Give your father’s name and say what he likes.

• If you have a pet, give its name and say what it likes.

3. Carry on until everyone has had a turn.

Use It for Real

1. Match the pictures and the correct words. One has been done for you.

(a) i. He (b) ii. It (c) iii. You (d) iv. She

2. Write I, he, she or it. One has been done for you.

she

(a) Grandma (b) Doll (c) Me

(e) Tiger

(d) Sister

(f) Brother

3. Tick ( ) the correct word. One has been done for you.

(a) Rohan is my brother. is very tall.

• She

• He

(b) My mother is a teacher. works at a school.

• He

• It

• He

Chapter 5 • Words Used in the Place of Naming Words

(d) I have a pet rabbit. has long ears.

(e) Sanya, give me your hand. are my best friend.

4. Circle the correct words.

(a) My name is Tara.

(She / It / I) take care of plants.

(b) Look at the tap!

(She / He / It) is leaking.

(She / He / It) loves nature.

(d) Look at the plant!

(He / It / I) needs water.

(e) This is my friend Ravi.

(She / He / It) loves planting flowers in the garden.

5. Fill in the blanks with he, she, it or I.

(a) My name is Aarav. make a rangoli for Diwali.

(b) This is my mother. cooks sweets for Holi.

(d) The kite flies high on Makar Sankranti. is blue and red.

(e) My brother plays the dhol during Baisakhi. plays it loudly.

6. Fill in the blanks with he, she, it, you or I.

My name is Gaurav. (a) am the boy with the cap. (b) is a good day for a picnic. Sheena drinks her juice. (c) is happy. Roy likes bread. (d) eats a sandwich.

Do you wish (e) could also be here?

6

Words Used in the Place of Naming Words

We, You, They

Get Set

Look at the picture and read the poem.

Rani and I go to the park. We play on the swing until it is dark.

Look at the birds, they sing a song. They hop, hop, hop all day long.

Arpit and Anu, you must come too. Tomorrow we will go to the zoo.

Rani is my best friend.

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. Which word is used for Rani and I?

2. Which word is used for birds?

3. Who is you? Give the names.

Words

How It Works

Sometimes, we use we, they or you in the place of naming words.

Rani and I Use we for yourself and those with you. We go to the park. We play on the swing.

Birds Use they when talking about more than one. They sing a song. They hop, hop, hop all day long.

Arpit and Anu Use you when talking to/ about other people. You must come too.

Note: We use you to talk to/about one or more than one person.

Think and Tell

Bhavna and I are playing football. What will you replace the underline words with?

Fun with Grammar

Let’s Talk

1. Work with your partner.

2. One student asks the questions given. The other student answers. Tell me something you know about me. Tell me something we like doing together.

You are very funny. We play games together.

3. Now, the other student gets a turn to ask. The other one answers.

Use It for Real

1. Match the sentences with We, They or You. One has been done for you.

My friends and I go to the temple.

The children play football.

Sara, Milly and I read. They We You

Arvind and Raj, you are my friends.

2. Tick ( ) the correct option. One has been done for you.

(a) Do you all have a paintbrush? can paint now.

• I

• You

• They

(b) My friend and I paint a picture. use many colours.

• You

• We

• They

• You

• We

(d) My sister and I use clay. make a house.

• They

• You

• We

3. Look at the underlined words to help you. Circle the correct option.

(a) I see your desks are tidy. (You / We / They) keep them clean.

(b) My friends and I pick up the paper. (They / You / We) keep our classroom neat.

(d) Ravi and Tina clean the windows. (We / They / You) do it well.

Words Used in the Place of Naming Words

4. Write You, We or They in the place of the underlined words.

(a) Rohan and Aman choose paper for the card. choose paper for the card.

(b) Riya and I draw flowers on the card. draw flowers on the card.

(d) Riya and you write names on the card. write names on the card.

(e) Rita and Tina put stickers on the card. put stickers on the card.

5. Fill in the blanks with You, We or They. Every morning, my friends and I clean the classroom. (a) pick up papers. The girls near the window water the plants. (b) do it every day. When the bell rings, (c) all sit quietly and wait for the teacher. The teacher says, (d) ‘ are very good students!’

7 A, An and The

Get Set

Look at the picture and read what Tara says.

I have a basket.

There is a banana in the basket. I also have an apple.

The sun is bright. I see a cat.

The cat wants to eat the banana!

Think about and discuss these questions.

1 What does Tara have? basket

2. What do you see in the basket? banana and apple

3. Look at a, an and the in the text. Do they come before or after the naming words?

4. The cat wants to eat the banana. Do you know which banana? Point at it.

How It Works

We use the words a, an and the before naming words.

A and An

We use a and an to show any person, place, animal or thing.

For example: Tara plays with a cat. (We do not know which cat.)

Tara eats an apple. (We do not know which apple.)

We use an before words that start with an a, e, i, o or u sound.

• an apple • an ice cream • an orange

The

We use the when we talk about something that is one of a kind or something we already know.

For example: The cat is brown and white. (The cat in the picture.)

The apple that Tara is eating is sweet. (The one she is eating.)

The sun is shining. (There is only one sun.)

Note: Think of a/an as meeting something new, and the as saying, ‘Hey, we’ve met before!’

This is a big dog. The dog is cute.

Use It for Real

1. Match the following. One has been done for you.

(a) An (b) A (c) The (d) An

2. Sort the words into the right article baskets. One has been done for you. egg book earth umbrella sun ball apple moon table

3. What do you see? Fill in the blanks with A, An or The. (a) What is under the table? (b) What is outside the window?

blue ball stars

(d) What is next to the door?

aeroplane plant

4. Fill in the blanks with a, an or the.

(a) I am girl. My name is Teena.

(b) I have aeroplane.

(d) I keep my aeroplane in cupboard.

(e) My brother has red car.

(f) car can go very fast.

5. Someone has stolen all the articles a, an and the from the story! Catch the thief by putting the missing articles back in the story.

Javed is sad. His room is dirty. He starts to clean it. He picks up (a)

shoe under his bed. He finds (b) umbrella and (c) orange on the table.

Javed eats (d) orange. He puts (e) umbrella away. He finds his other shoe on top of his cupboard! He puts his toys in (f) box. His room is clean!

8 Doing Words

Get Set

Look at the picture and read the story.

Hari and Sita play in the park. They run and jump. Hari kicks the ball. Sita catches it. The ball hops and rolls. Hari takes the ball. He gives it to Sita. They walk home. They eat ice cream on the way.

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. Imagine that you are Hari and Sita. Do these actions: play, run, jump, kick, catch, take, give, walk and eat.

2. Do you think these are action words? • Yes • No

3. Do they make you do some activity? • Yes • No

How It Works

Some words tell us what someone does. They are called doing words.

walk kick catch throw eat ride bounce run

These are actions that people, animals or things do. When he, she or it does an action, we add an -s to the action word. I kick the ball. BUT Hari (He) kicks the ball. We throw the ball. Sita (She) throws the ball. They roll on the ground. The ball (It) rolls on the ground.

Fun with Grammar

Act It Out!

1. Stand in an open space in the classroom or outside on the playground.

2. Students take turns to act out a doing word. The others say what he/she does.

For example: She brushes.

Use It for Real

1. Circle the words that show an action. One has been done for you.

(a) Sita waves her hand. (b) Hari stretches his arms.

(e) The children kick the ball.

2. Circle the right word in each sentence. One has been done for you.

(a) Dad (He) drive / drives home after work.

(b) I play / plays chess with Grandma.

(d) Parth (He) help / helps mother in the kitchen.

(e) The puppy (It) wag / wags its tail.

3. Read and fill in the blanks with the words below.

There is a road in front of our school. There are traffic lights and a zebra crossing. Our teacher (a) us how to be safe.

We (b) left, right and left again.

If the road is clear, we (c) across slowly. We do not (d) ! The green light means (e) . The red light means (f) .

4. Finish this story by filling in the blanks. play brush wake eat study drives walk wash

It is a sunny morning, Lily and Max (a) up . They (b) their teeth and (c) their faces. They (d) their breakfast and pack their school bags. They (e) to the car. Their father (f) them to school while they sing a silly song. At school, Lily and Max (g) . They (h) with their friends. What a fun and busy start to their day!

5. Read the text and choose the correct doing words. During lunch Lily and Max (a) (sit / sits) with their friends and (b) (eat / eats) their lunch. Then, Max (c) (play / plays) with a ball. Lily (d) (talks / talk) to her friends at the table. Lily’s friend, Mimi, (e) (feel / feels) ill and Lily (f) (takes / take) her to the teacher. The teacher (g) (call / calls) Mimi’s mother and (h) (ask / asks) her to take Mimi home.

Review Test 2

1. Look at the picture. Fill in the blanks with I, He, She, or It.

Hello! This is my family.

(a) My name is Meera. am picking berries.

(b) That is my baby sister. plays with an apple.

(d) Look at the squirrel. runs very fast.

(e) Look at the girl. runs on the path.

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct word.

(a) Riya and Ram are friends. go to school together.

(b) ‘ like reading,’ says Ram.

(You/They)

(d) The teacher says, ‘ are good children.’

(You/We /They)

(e) go home together after school. (We/They) (We/They)

(You/They)

3. Colour in the correct bubble in each sentence.

(a) I see a an owl.

(b) She has an a umbrella.

(d) We play in an the park every evening.

(e) My sister ate a the orange.

4. Look at the pictures and write the correct doing (action) words. Add -s where needed.

(a) The dog (It) fast.

(b) The baby (He) quietly.

(d) The children (They) in the sand.

(e) The girl (She) every day.

9 Position Words

In, On, Under, Near, Behind

Get Set

Read and help Mira to find her kitten, Momo.

Mira checks under the bed—no Momo. She looks behind the curtain—still no Momo! She checks in the cupboard—still no Momo! Then, she sees Momo on the table!

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. Name anything that is behind you.

2. Find one thing in your bag.

3. Name anything that is on the ground.

4. What is under your seat?

How It Works

Position words tell us where something is.

For example:

Think and Tell

Where is the boy in this picture?

Error Alert!

Wrong: A monkey sits on a tree

Correct: A monkey sits in a tree.

Wrong: Look at the bird on the tree.

Correct: Look at the bird in the tree.

Fun with Grammar

My Teacher Says!

1. The whole class stands up.

2. Your teacher will say a few sentences.

3. Listen carefully and do the actions.

Look under your desk. Jump on the floor. Look behind you. Touch a thing/person near you. Put a pencil in your bag.

Momo is in the box. Momo is on the box.

Momo is under the box. Momo is near the box. Momo is behind the box.

Use It for Real

1. Tick ( ) the correct position words.

(a) • on

(c)

behind

near

(b)

(d)

under

near

behind

under

behind

2. Draw to show where the candies will go.

(a) On (b) In

3. Circle the position words in the sentences.

(a) Tina is on the cricket field.

(b) The wickets are behind Tina.

(d) The ball rolls under the bench.

4. Look at the picture and fill in the correct words.

(a) Mira is sitting (on / in) the floor.

(b) Abdul is dancing (near / in) the chair.

(d) The plant is (behind / under) the laptop.

GAMES

10 This, That, These, Those

Get Set

Look at the pictures and read the words.

Think about and discuss these questions.

This is a pretty flower.

These are pretty flowers.

That is pretty a flower.

Those are pretty flowers.

1. The boy has flower.

2. Which word does the boy use to talk about one flower?

3. The girl has flowers.

4. Which word does the girl use to talk about more than one flower? (number) (numbers)

5. Where are the children pointing? Near or far?

6. Which word does the boy use for one flower?

7. Which word does the girl use for many flowers?

How It Works

This is my cat. That is my dog.

This That

We use this and that for one person, place, animal or thing. We use this if it is near. We use that if it is far away.

These

Those

We use these or those for more than one person, place, animal or thing. We use these if they are near. We use those if they are far away. These are my kittens. Those are my cows.

Fun with Grammar

This, That, These and Those Sing the song with actions.

This is my nose, it’s on my face.

That is my school bag, in its place. These are my best friends, one, two three. Those are their school bags under the tree.

This...That...These...Those... Shout them out, so everyone knows!

Use It for Real

1. Circle this or these. One has been done for you. (a)

/ These ball

/ These bats

GAMES

This / These glove

This / These caps

2. Circle that or those. One has been done for you.

(a) (b)

That / Those birds

That / Those bee (c) (d)

That / Those butterfly

That / Those bats

3. Look at the picture and tick ( ) the correct word. One has been done for you.

(a) This / These is my water bottle.

(b) This / These are my colour crayons.

(d) This / These are my pencils.

4. Look at the picture. Write the correct word.

(a) Look at (that / those) giraffes.

(b) (That / Those) is a zebra.

(d) (That / Those) are birds.

(c) (d)

5. Fill in blanks using This, That, These and Those.

(a)

I am Rekha. I am sitting at my desk. i. is my book.

ii. are my crayons.

(b) My friend sits over there.

i. is his lunchbox.

ii. are his water bottles.

6. Complete the poem using this, that, these or those.

(a) is my nose, point and see.

(b) is my foot, far from me.

(d) are my toes on the mat.

11 Sentences and Questions

Get Set

Look at the picture.

How It Works

A Sentence

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. What is Tina doing?

2. What is Rohan doing? (a) feeding cat (b) He is feeding the cat.

3. What are Dev and Reema doing?

(a) They are (b) They are playing.

4. Tick ( ) the sentence and cross ( ) the question.

• Where are the children?

• The kitten is smiling.

A sentence is a group of words that gives a complete idea. It tells us something about a person, place, animal or thing.

We start a sentence with a capital letter and end with a full stop (.)

For example: Dev is playing a game.

Tina reads a book.

Rohan Reema Dev

Tina

Note: A full stop is like a stop sign . We take a short break before going on to the next sentence.

A Question

A question is a group of words that asks something.

A question always begins with a capital letter and ends with a question mark (?) Questions start with words like who, what, where, when, why, how, is, are, do, or does.

For example: Where do Reema and Dev play? Is Tina a girl? Does the kitten look happy?

Note: A question mark tells you to stop and think of an answer.

Fun with Grammar

Ask and Tell

1. Work in pairs.

2. Choose the picture you want to talk about.

read play rain

3. Take turns to tell your partner something about the picture.

4. Next, ask your partner a question about it.

5. Answer your partner’s question.

I like to dance in the rain. Do you like to play in the rain?

Use It for Real

1. Colour in the correct option. One has been done for you.

(a) This is a classroom

(b) Where is your book

(d) Who will answer the question

• ?

2. Tick ( ) the groups of words that are sentences. One has been done for you.

(a) boy helps the old man.

(b) The boy carries a box.

(d) He helps his grandpa.

(e) milk is in the box.

(f) The old man smiles.

3. Read the sentences carefully. Add a (.) if it tells something. Add a (?) if it asks something.

(a) What does Nishant do on Saturdays

(b) He helps to clean the house

(d) He dusts the TV

(e) Is Nishant happy

(f) Yes, Nishant is very happy

4. Answer the questions in complete sentences.

(a) What is your name?

(b) Where do you live?

(d) How old are you?

5. Unscramble the words to make sentences.

A sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop.

(a) This pencil. is a (b) This a is schoolbag.

12 Is, Are, Am

Get Set

Read the text.

I am short, You are tall.

He is big, She is small. It is a monkey with a ball.

They are short. We are tall.

They are big, And we are small.

Look at the text. Match the word and what goes with it.

He/She/It

They

are

are You

are

How It Works

We use am with I.

For example:

I am a boy. I am a girl. We use is with he, she and it.

For example:

Remember!

I, He, She, It, They, We and You are words used in the place of naming words.

Ravi (He) is a good boy. Tina (She) is tall. Browny (It) is a monkey. We use are with more than one person or thing. For example:

We are friends. You two are very big. The girls (They) are small.

Fun with Grammar

We Are Animals!

I am a monkey, I swing from a tree!

You are a parrot, you chirp with glee.

The lion is strong, it gives a loud roar!

The kitten is tiny, it naps on the floor.

The elephants are big, with ears so wide!

We are penguins, walking side by side.

They are horses, running a race.

You are a zebra with a stripey face.

Use It for Real

1. Tick ( ) the correct word to fill in the blank. One has been done for you.

(a) I a tall girl. is are am

(b) You short. is are am

(d) She a small girl. is are am

(e) They happy children. is are am

2. Circle the correct word.

(a) Myra (are / is) 6 years old.

(b) She (is / are) in grade 1.

(d) Ram, you (am / are) also her friend.

(e) We (are / am) happy children.

(f) It a sad puppy. is are am

3. The underlined words are wrong. Write the sentences correctly.

(a) I are clean. I clean.

(b) My face (It) are washed. My face washed.

(d) His hands (They) is dry. His hands dry.

(e) The children (They) is clean. The children clean.

(f) Their teeth (They) is white. Their teeth white.

4. Fill in the blanks with is, are or am.

Maya and Sono are doing their science homework.

(a) We in our garden

(b) The sun (It) bright.

(d) The bugs (They) on the leaves.

(e) The leaves (They) green.

(f) ‘I good at science,’ says Sono.

(g) ‘So I,’ says Maya.

Remember! We use is for he, she and it. We use are for more than one.

Review Test 3

1. Match the pictures and the position words. (a) in (b) on (c) under (d) behind (e) near

2. Look at the pictures. Fill in the blanks with this, these, that or those.

Hello! I am Ravi. This is my school.

Look! (a) are my new crayons. (b) is my pencil.

Look at (c) bag over there. It is blue. My teacher sits on (d) chair (e) are my teacher’s books.

3. Jiva goes to the park with her grandfather. Unscramble the words to answer the questions.

(a) What is the name of the girl? name is her Riya.

(b) Who goes to the park with her? grandfather. goes with her. Her

(d) What does she see near the tree? a Riya red ball. sees

(e) What does she eat? She ice cream. an eats

4. Fill in the blanks with is, are or am. Arjun and his sister visit the zoo.

(a) The lion (It) strong.

(b) The elephant (It) big.

(d) It a sunny day.

(e) ‘I happy at the zoo!’ says Arjun.

13 Has and Have

Get Set

Look at the pictures and read about Sonu and his friend.

We have pets. I have a pet rabbit. You all have pets. You have three dogs.

Arvin (He) has a cat. Meera (She) has a mouse. It (The mouse) has a long tail.

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. What does Sonu say?

2. What do the children say?

3. What does the boy say to the girl?

4. Look at the sentences. Do you see have in these sentences?

5. What do you see?

How It Works

Has and Have

We use has and have to show that things belong to us.

For example:

• I have a rabbit.

• Arvin (He) has a cat.

• Meeta (She) has a mouse.

We use have with I, you, we and they.

We use has with he, she and it.

• We have cats and dogs.

• The mouse (It) has a long tail.

• The children have pets.

Remember!

We use you to talk about one person as well as more than one person.

Fun with Grammar

Help the rabbit reach the carrot. Trace the path through the correct sentences.

Use It for Real

1. Draw lines to sort the words into the has or have baskets. One has been done for you. He You They I It We has have

2. Circle the right answer. One has been done for you.

How We Stay Healthy!

(a) I (have / has) an apple for lunch.

(b) We (have / has) clean hands.

(d) The children (They) (has / have) a bath every day.

(e) We (has / have) a nap after school.

3. Choose the right word to fill in the blanks.

(a) I (have / has) three good friends.

(b) Jaya (have / has) a cute smile.

(d) Arpit (have / has) a bicycle.

(e) Ram (have / has) a bat and a ball.

(f) We (have / has) fun together.

Arpit Jaya Ram This is me!

4. Colour in the pictures and write sentences with have or has. One has been done for you.

(a) (b) (c) I have a ball. You My uncle

5. Learn about spiders! Fill in has and have.

(a) A spider (It) two big body parts.

(b) It eight legs.

(d) Some spiders (They) eight eyes.

(e) Spiders (They) strong webs.

6. Fill in the blanks with has or have.

This is Max. He (a) a big family.

His parents (They) (b) three children.

His baby sister’s name is Tina.

She (c) brown eyes.

His brother is Sam.

Sam (He) (d) a big car.

They all (e) fun together.

14 Things That Happen Every Day

Get Set

Read what Aarav and Aanya do in the morning.

Every morning, Aarav wakes up at 6 o’clock.

He brushes his teeth. Then, he takes a bath.

Aarav eats his breakfast.

Remember!

Doing words are words that show our actions.

Aanya packs her school bag. They walk to the school bus with their mom.

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. What does Aarav do at 6 o’clock every day?

2. Underline all the doing words that tell us what the children do.

3. What do you do before you eat breakfast in the morning?

How It Works

We use doing words to show what we do daily or regularly.

• I eat breakfast in the morning.

• We do homework in the afternoon.

• They watch TV in the evening.

• You play cricket every Monday. but

• Sia (She) eats breakfast in the morning.

• Ram (He) does homework in the afternoon.

• The cat (It) watches mice in the evening.

• The TV (It) plays all day.

When talking about what he, she or it do daily, we add an -s to the doing word.

Think and Tell

Error Alert!

Wrong: I walks to school

Correct: I walk to school.

We do not add an -s to doing words when we talk about I, we, you and they.

Fun with Grammar

Guess My Actions!

Solve the crossword with the doing words.

1. Rohan sings a song.

2. We plays a game.

Draw tick ( ) if right and cross ( ) if wrong.

Use It for Real

1. Match the pictures and the sentences about what Aarav does every day. One has been done for you.

He brushes his teeth.

Aarav wakes up early. He drinks milk with his breakfast.

Aarav plays football. He eats vegetables.

2. Number the sentences 1–4 in the right order. One has been done for you.

Aarav plays football every afternoon. He brushes his teeth every morning.

1 Aarav wakes up early each morning.

He drinks milk with his breakfast.

3. Circle the correct action word for each sentence. One has been done for you.

(a) I (wash / washes) my face in the morning.

(b) My sister and her friend (They) (walks / walk) to school every morning.

(d) My friends and I (We) (play / plays) outside in the evening.

(e) My mother (She) (reads / read) me a story every evening.

4. Choose words from the box to fill in the blanks. walk helps close throws turn

(a) I the tap when I brush my teeth.

(b) I off the lights when I leave a room.

(d) Sonu his rubbish in the dustbin.

(e) Neena her brother plant trees.

5. Fill in the blanks using the words in brackets.

(a) Every summer, the sun (It) (shine / shines) brightly.

(b) Tara (She) (wears / wear) her sunhat.

(d) We (swim / swims) in the river.

(e) Dad (He) (waters / water) the plants.

15 Things That Are Happening Now

Get Set

Look at the picture and read the story.

A Morning at the Park

It is a sunny morning. Rhea and her little brother, Kabir, are at the park with their papa.

‘Look, Papa! I am swinging!’ shouts Rhea.

‘Yes,’ Papa laughs. ‘You are flying!’

Kabir says, ‘I am climbing up the steps!’

Papa sees other children too.

One boy is flying a kite. Two girls are skipping.

A dog is running after a ball. Birds are singing in a tree.

‘Kabir and I are having fun,’ says Rhea.

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. What is Rhea doing right now? Rhea is .

2. What is Kabir doing right now? Kabir is .

3. Who is flying a kite? • A boy • A girl

4. In the story, when is the action happening? • Right now • Before

How It Works

We add -ing to doing words when we talk about something happening right now.

For example: The boy is flying a kite. The birds are singing. We use am, is and are + a doing word + -ing. I am climbing. (The actions are happing right now) You are playing. He / She / It is running. We / They are skipping.

Think and Tell

Look around you, right now!

1. What is your friend doing?

2. What are you doing?

Remember!

We use am with I. We use are with we, you and they. We use is with he, she and it.

She is writing. I am speaking.

3. Name three more things that your friends are doing right now.

Fun with Grammar

Action Bingo

Fastest Finger Fast!

Read the words and cross out the actions happening right now.

Note: Actions happening right now are doing words + -ing.

Use It for Real

1. Match the people and the actions. One has been done for you.

I • • is talking to Rhea.

You • • am flying high on my swing.

Rhea • • are riding their bicycles.

They • • are eating your ice cream.

Kabir • • is talking to her father.

2. Circle is, are or am in the sentences. One has been done for you.

(a) I (am / is / are) doing my work, ma’am

(b) You (am / is / are) doing well!

(d) Priya and Hemant (is / am / are) helping him.

3. Underline the right words in brackets. What is happening in class?

(a) Our teacher is (teach / teaching / teaches) us a song.

(b) Simran and I are (learning / learn / learns) the words.

(d) Our friends are (do / does / doing) the actions.

(e) We are (enjoying / enjoy enjoys) ourselves.

4. Fill in is, are or am.

(a) I watching cricket.

(b) Look, the bowler throwing the ball.

(d) The batsman holding his bat!

(e) Look at the fielders! They catching the ball.

(f) This match getting exciting!

5. Use the words in brackets and fill in the gaps. What is happening at the children’s home at Diwali?

Today is the festival of Diwali. The children ( They) (a) (work) together. Anshul (He) (b) (carry) gifts. Divyani (She) (c) (make) a rangoli. Seema (She) (d) (climb) a ladder. They (e) (smile) happily.

GAMES

fielders

batsman

bowler

16 Things That Happened in the Past

Get Set

Read the story about Arjun and Maya.

A Rainy Playdate

Yesterday, Arjun jumped over a big pool of water. His friend Maya laughed. The puppy barked. It raced around them. Arjun and Maya danced in the rain. They waved at a bird. Then, they went home.

Think about and discuss these questions.

1. Is the story happening right now?

2. Did the actions in the story take place yesterday?

3. List all the doing words. , , , ,

4. Look at the doing words. What is added to the end of the words?

5. Tell me one thing you did yesterday. Remember! Doing words tell us about actions.

How It Works

When we talk about things that happened earlier, we add -ed to the action words. For example:

Arjun and Maya played in rain. They washed their hands and faces. Let us look at another example. Yesterday, I painted a flower.

Fun with Grammar

What I Did?

Wow! I cleaned my room yesterday.

1. Your teacher will pass a ball to one child at a time.

2. The teacher will say an action word.

Teacher: Today, I…

3. You add -ed to the action word and say: You: Yesterday, I…

4. Pass the ball to the next friend. Everyone gets a turn to speak! Today, I laugh. Yesterday, I laughed.

Teacher T ip!

Use only those action words that end in -ed for actions in the past. For example: watch, skip, dance, play, jump

Use It for Real

1. Match the actions with the -ed form of the words. One has been done for you.

(a) • • helped

(b) • • planted

(d) • • watered

(e) • • cleaned

2. Add -ed to the action words.

(a) cook

(b) bake

(d) talk

3. Read the short story below. Circle the correct action words. What happened at the playground yesterday?

(a) Ravi (play / played) on the swing.

(b) He (watch / watched) the birds.

(d) Finally, he (walk / walked) back to his mother.

4. Read the story. Underline the -ed form of the action words in green.

Yesterday, I walked to school. I waved to my friend. We hugged each other. We talked a lot. I laughed at Meera’s jokes. In class, the teacher asked us questions. I coloured in a picture in my book. It was a fun day.

Review Test 4

1. Look at the picture. Fill in the blanks with has or have.

(a) We blocks and toys.

(b) Ravi and Raj (They) black and white balls.

(d) Sia two spades.

(e) The blocks letters on them.

2. Match the person and what they do every day.

(a) I eats his lunch at school.

(b) Ravi (He) read a book with my sister.

(d) We (Ravi and I) brushes her hair every day.

(e) You dance with me every day.

Neena

Ravi

Sia Raj

3. What is happening at the railway station right now? Use the words in brackets and fill in the blanks.

(a) The train (It) (is waiting/is wait) at the station.

(b) The woman (She) (are holding/is holding) a baby.

(d) A man (are reading/is reading) the newspaper.

(e) The man in the blue shirt (are showing/ is showing) his ticket.

4. What did everyone do at the Lohri celebration yesterday? Fill in the blanks with the -ed form of the doing word.

(a) The children (dance) around the fire.

(b) Everyone (clap) when the music started.

(d) Dadu (watch) the fire happily.

(e) We (laugh) and had fun.

Alphabetical Order

What is Alphabetical Order?

Alphabetical order means putting words in the same order as the ABC alphabet. We look at the first letter of each word.

Look at these words: ant, bat, cat

Which word comes first? Let us check the first letters:

A comes before B and C, so the alphabetical order is: ant, bat, cat. ant bat cat

1. Draw a path to help the mouse reach the cheese. Follow the letters in alphabetical order.

2. Tick ( ) the words that are in alphabetical order. Cross ( ) those that are not.

(a) dog, ball, apple

(e) man, net, ox

(b) apple, ball, cab

(d) egg, fish, gun

(f) fox, bun, tap

3. Write these words in alphabetical order.

(a) book, ant, car

(b) frog, hat, grape

Words That Sound the Same

Some words sound the same but have different meanings. The spelling is also different.

Sun: The sun gives us light.

Weak: Ram is very weak.

Son: Rahul is Mr Sharma’s son.

See: I want to see the Taj Mahal.

One: We start counting from one.

Tale: Mother reads me a fairy tale.

Flower: I see a pretty flower

Meet: I like to meet my friends.

Right: The answer is right.

Hair: She has long hair.

Deer: A deer runs very fast.

Week: There are seven days in a week.

Sea: There are fishes in the sea.

Won: Rani won the match.

Tail: A tiger has a long tail.

Flour: Mother makes roti with flour.

Meat: I like eating meat.

Write: We write in a notebook.

Hare: She saw a hare in the jungle.

Dear: Mom calls me a dear girl.

1. Tick ( ) the correct spelling for the picture. One has been done for you.

(a)

(c)

i. won ii. one (b) i. week ii. weak

i. sea ii. see

(d) i. meat ii. meet

2. Colour in the picture that shows the word.

(a) Sun: (b) Right:

3. Circle the correct word. One has been done for you.

(a) I saw the (sun / son) shining in the sky.

(b) The rabbit has a short (tail / tale).

(d) Please (write / right) your name on the paper.

(e) My (hair / hare) is long.

Opposites

Some words are opposites. They are very different from each other.

1. Match the pictures that show opposites. One has been done for you.

(a) up open (b) big ii. DAY NIGHT night (c) closed iii. down (d) DAY NIGHT day iv. small

2. Read the words. Colour in the right pictures. (a) hot: (b) thin: (c) bad: (d) fast:

3. Fill in the blanks with the opposite words.

(a) Monu is happy. Sonu is .

(b) Tina’s answer is right. My answer is .

(d) This is a new shirt. That is an shirt.

Male and Female

Some words are used for boys or males and some for girls or females.

For example:

Female

prince princess

grandfather grandmother

mother father

king

queen

aunt uncle

sister brother man woman

son daughter

boy girl

wife husband

Male and

Animals: Male and Female

Male Female Male Female

lion lioness

1. Colour the female words purple and male words pink. One has been done for you.

2. Colour the odd one out. One has been done for you.

(a) princess daughter mother husband

(b) wife son king prince

(d) uncle grandfather sister brother

cow mother boy hen lion king aunt cock

peacock peahen bull cow cock hen

Reading Comprehension-1

Ravi’s Day

Ravi wakes up early. He brushes his teeth and takes a bath. He eats toast and drinks milk. Then, he packs his bag and goes to school. At school, he learns new things. He plays with his friends. He comes home in the evening. He tells his mother about his day.

1. Number the sentences in order from 1 to 4 to show what Ravi does. One has been done for you.

(a) He learns new things at school.

(b) He eats toast and drinks milk.

(d) He packs his bag and goes to school.

2. Tick ( ) the correct words to complete the sentences.

(a) Ravi has with his toast.

• water

• milk

(b) Ravi at school.

• learns

• sleeps

• his toys

3. Circle the correct options.

• his day

(a) What does Ravi do first in the morning?

• He eats.

• He wakes up.

(b) What does Ravi eat for breakfast?

• Toast

• Rice

• His dog

• His teacher

• He goes to school.

• Egg

• His friends

Reading Comprehension-2

At the Park

I go to the park to play.

I run and jump every day.

I see the trees, I see the sky.

I see the birds fly so high.

I play on the swing and slide.

I laugh with friends by my side.

I sit and rest on the ground.

I love seeing all the kids around!

1. Tick ( ) the correct option.

(a) Where does the boy go to play?

• School

• Home

(b) What does he see in the sky?

• Birds

• A bike

• Fish

I go the park to play.

• The swing

(d) Who does he laugh with?

• His friends

• His mother

(e) Where does he sit and rest?

• On a chair

• On the slide

• Park

• Cars

• A merry-go-round

• His sister

• On the ground

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the box. jumps butterfly kids every day slide

(a) The boy goes to the park .

(b) He runs and in the park.

(d) He likes seeing all the around.

(e) The bird and the in the picture can fly.

Reading Comprehension-3

A Visit to the Market

I go to the market with my mother. The market is busy. There are many people. We buy fresh fruit and vegetables. I see red tomatoes and green peas. My mother buys rice and spices. I carry a small bag. I see the flower shop. We buy yellow marigolds. I help my mother carry the bags. We are tired when we get home but we are happy.

1. Match the colour with the item.

2. Write Yes for true and No for false.

(a) The market is empty.

(b) The mother buys rice and spices.

3. Answer in one or two words.

(a) Who goes to the market with the child?

(b) Where do they buy marigolds?

(a)

i. Peas

(b)

ii. Marigolds

(c)

iii.Tomatoes

Reading Comprehension-4

Maya’s Kite

Maya lives in Jaipur. She loves to fly kites. On Sunday, her father buys her a big red kite. She runs to the park with her kite. Aarav holds the kite. Maya pulls the string. The kite goes up in the blue sky. Maya smiles and claps. The wind blows. The kite dances in the sky. Maya and Aarav laugh happily. They go home for lunch. They eat hot puris and aloo sabzi. After lunch, Maya goes back to the park. She flies her kite again. In the evening, Maya puts her kite in a box. She wants to fly it again tomorrow. Maya loves her red kite.

1. Write T for True and F for False.

(a) Maya lives in Mumbai.

(b) Aarav is Maya’s brother.

(d) Maya flies her kite in the house.

2. Tick ( ) the correct option.

(a) Who buys Maya a new kite?

• Her mother

• Her brother

• Her father

• Her friend

(b) What do Maya and Aarav do when the kite flies?

• Shout

• Laugh

• Sing

• Dance

• Outside

• In her school bag

• Under her bed

• In a box

3. Complete the sentence with one word.

(a) Maya’s kite is .

(colour)

(b) Maya goes to the to fly her kite.

4. Write the opposite words.

(a) hot

(b) big

Reading Comprehension-5

Raju’s Day at the Picnic

Raju lives in Wayanad. On Sunday, he and his family go for a picnic. His parents, his sister Sita and his grandparents get ready. They pack food and drinks.

They go to a pond. Raju and Sita play hide and seek. Then, they have lunch under a tree. Dad serves the food. The family shares the food.

After lunch, Raju and Sita play with a ball. Grandma watches them. In the evening, they pack their things. Raju is happy. He hugs his grandparents. He loves picnics. He wants to go again next Sunday.

1. Number the events 1 to 5 to show the correct order.

(a) Raju and Sita play hide and seek.

(b) Dad serves the food.

(d) They pack food and drinks.

(e) The family goes to a pond.

2. Fill in the blanks.

(a) Raju lives in .

(b) Raju’s sister’s name is .

(d) The opposite of happy is .

3. Answer in one sentence.

(a) Where do Raju and his family go for the picnic?

Raju and his family go .

(b) Where do they eat their lunch?

They eat their lunch .

Raju wants to go again because .

friends. They play with a der ball.

6. Sono is a dkin boy. Bruno is a llsma puppy. They are dgoo

5. The ball is red.

4. The puppy is small

3. They are good friends.

2. He is a kind boy.

1. Sono is a kind boy Bruno is a small .puppy They are good .friends They play with a red ball

Get Set

Chapter 4 • Describing Words

4. Amit sees a .bird The bird sits at the window Amit gives it seeds in a .bowl The next ,day he sees many .birds Amit is happy. He tells his friends

3. (a) bag (b) dogs (c) bottle (d) crayons (e) cars

2. (a) three cats (b) four birds (c) many books

1. (a) one dog (b) two chairs (c) one burger (d) five balloons

3. The mango tree has more than one mango. Use It for Real

2. The mango tree has five mangoes.

1. The apple tree has one apple.

(f) Toto

(Answers may vary.) (a) Aanya (b) school (c) ball (d) sandwiches

car 3. (Answer may vary.) (a) swing (b) boy (c) dog (d) school (e) bag 4. (Answer may vary.) (a) park (b) mother (c) cat (d) sandbox (e) sandwiches 5. Parth goes to a .party His mother takes him in a .taxi His friend Rohan has a .cake They wear hats and play with a ball

People Place Animal Thing baby shop dog bus

They are at the market. Use It for Real 1. Circle: lion, books, Taj Mahal, banana, hen

Arun, Sita

clothes, flowers (Answers may vary.)

Set 1. dog, cat

1 • Naming Words

Than

Chapter 3 • One and More

One Get Set

5. (a) Rohan (b) dog (c) tree (d) Green Park

4. isTh is a.Meen She is a cute .girl She has a cat named i.Mim They go to Green Leaf Park. aMeen plays with her .ball She takes iMim for a walk. every day. They play in Nehru ark.P

(Answers may vary.) (a) Rahul (b) Pune (c) Vidya Mandir School (d) Seema

2. (a) children, toys (b) truck (c) teddy (d) rabbit (e) boat

Special Names: Ram, Delhi, Mr Brown, Simba, Riya

1. Common names: boy, school, dog, car, mango, toy, girl

Use It for Real

Animals: dog, Simba

Places: city, school, Pune, Rainbow Public School

The name of her school is Rainbow Public School. 5. People: Kanika, girl

The name of her city is Pune.

Her dog’s name is Simba.

Naming Words Get Set 1. The story is about a girl named Kanika.

5. (a) a (b) an (c) an (d) the (e) the (f) a

4. (a) a (b) an (c) The (d) a (e) a (f) The

3. (a) a blue ball (b) the stars (c) an aeroplane (d) a plant

The: earth, sun, moon

An: egg, umbrella, apple

2. A: book, ball, table

1. (a) An (b) A (c) The (d) An

4. The banana in the basket. Use It for Real

2. A banana and an apple 3. They come before the naming words.

1. A basket

Chapter 7 • A, An and The Get Set

5. (a) We (b) They (c) we (d) You

3. (a) You (b) We (c) You (d) They 4. (a) They choose paper for the card. (b) We draw flowers on the card. (c) We use glue to make the card. (d) You write names on the card. (e) They put stickers on the card.

2. (a) You (b) We (c) They (d) We

Sara, Milly and I read. They We You The children play football. Arvind and ,Raj you are my friends.

Chapter 6 • Words Used in the Place of Naming Words (We, You, They) Get Set 1. We is used for Rani and I. 2. They is used for birds. 3. Arpit and Anu are you Think and Tell The underlined words will be replaced with We. Use It for Real 1. My friends and I go to the temple.

5 • Words Used in the Place of Naming Words (I, You, He, She, It)

(a) red (b) long (c) black (d) round (e) small/tiny

(a) apple (b) books (c) bottles (d) cone (e) crayons

Special Name: Greenwood Primary School (c) Common Name: pet Special Name: Bruno (d) Common Name: city Special Name: Mumbai (e) Common Name: father Special Name: Mr Singh

(a) big (b) brown (c) long (d) clean (e) yellow 6. (Answers may vary.) (a) sunny (b) fat (c) green (d) round (e) hard (f) big (g) long Review Test 1 1. (Answers may vary.) children, teacher, tables, crayons, flower 2. (Answers may vary.) (a) Common Name: girl Special Name: Aanya (b) Common Name: school

A happy face A sleepy face A sad face

Minny is a tiny mouse. Minny has big ears. Colour She has a grey body. She has a pink tail. Shape She has round eyes. She wears a square hat. Size

Use It for Real 1. (a) yellow heart (b) purple star (c) red circle (d) green triangle (e) blue square 2. (a) happy (b) sunny (c) new (d) long (e) green (f) good

2. (a) These (b) This (c) that (d) that (e) Those

(e) near

(d) behind

(b) on

(a) This (b) These

(a) This ball (b) These bats (c) This glove (d) These caps 2. (a) Those birds (b) That bee (c) That butterfly (d) Those bats

Those Use It for Real

That

Chapter 10 • This, That, These, Those Get Set

Review Test

3 1. (a) in

(a) am (b) are (c) is (d) is (e) are (f) is 2. (a) is (b) is (c) am (d) are (e) are 3. (a) I am clean. (b) My face is washed. (c) Jay is clean. (d) His hands are dry. (e) The children are clean. (f) Their teeth are white. 4. (a) are (b) is (c) is (d) are (e) are (f) am (g) am

are

(Lines may vary for the word are.)

Chapter 12 • Is, Are, Am Get Set

5. (a) This is a pencil. (b) This is a schoolbag. (c) This is a ruler.

(a) My name is Tina. (b) I live in Delhi.

4. (Answers may vary.)

(f) Yes, Nishant is very happy.

(e) Is Nishant happy?

(d) He dusts the TV.

(b) He helps to clean the house.

(f) The old man smiles. 3. (a) What does Nishant do on Saturdays?

(d) He helps his grandpa.

(d) Who will answer the question ? 2. (b) The boy carries a box.

(b) Where is your book ?

Where are the children? The kitten is smiling. Use It for Real 1. (a) This is a classroom •

They are playing.

Rohan is feeding the cat.

Tina is reading.

4. a paper / my water bottle Use It for Real 1. (a) in (b) near (c) behind (d) under 2. (a) nO (b) In (c)nder U (d)ar Ne 3. (a) on (b) behind (c) near (d) under 4. (a) on (b) near (c) on (d) behind

3. a paper / my bag

1. a board / my friend 2. books / a pencil

Chapter 9 • In, On, Under, Near, Behind Get Set (Answers may vary.)

4. (a) runs (b) sleeps (c) eats (d) play (e) skips

(Students will colour in the given words.) (a) an (b) an (c) a (d) the (e) the

(a) They (b) We (c) You (d) You (e) They

(a) I (b) She (c) He (d) It (e) She

(a) sit (b) eat (c) plays (d) talks (e) feels (f) takes (g) calls (h) asks Review Test 2

(a) wake (b) brush (c) wash (d) eat (e) walk (f) drives (g) study (h) play

(a) tells (b) look (c) walk (d) run (e) go (f) stop

(a) drives (b) play (c) cooks (d) helps (e) wags

(a) waves (b) stretches (c) barks (d) fly (e) kick

Chapter 8 • Doing Words Get Set 1. Learners will do actions. 2. Yes, they are. 3. Yes, they do. Use It for Real

4. Yesterday, I walked to school. I waved to my friend. We hugged each other. We talked a lot. I laughed at Meera’s jokes. In class, the teacher asked us questions. I coloured in a picture in my book. It was a fun day.

cleaned• 2. (a) cooked (b) baked (c) asked (d) talked 3. (a) played (b) watched (c) jumped (d) walked

watered•

washed•

planted•

elpedh•

(a)

Yes, the actions in the story took place yesterday. 3. jumped, danced, barked, raced, laughed, waved 4. -ed is added at the end of the words. 5. (Answers may vary.) I danced. Use It for real

No, the story is not happening right now.

Get Set

Chapter 16 • Things That Happened in the Past

(a) am (b) is (c) is (d) is (e) are (f) is 5. (a) are working (b) is carrying (c) is making (d) is climbing (e) are smiling

(a) teaching (b) learning (c) singing (d) doing (e) enjoying

(a) am (b) are (c) is (d) are

• are• riding their bicycles. They • are• eating your ice cream. Kabir • is• talking to her father.

• am• flying high on my swing.

• is• talking to Rhea.

Use It for real

Chapter 15 • Things That Are Happening Now

(a) shines (b) wears (c) drinks (d) swim (e) waters

(a) close (b) turn (c) walk (d) throws (e) helps

drinks milk with his breakfast.

wakes up early each morning.

brushes his teeth every morning.

plays football every afternoon.

• • He drinks milk with his breakfast. • • Aarav plays football. • • He eats vegetables.

wakes up early.

(a) (b) I have a ball. You have a teddy bear. (c) My uncle has a car. 5. (a) has (b) has (c) have (d) have (e) have 6. (a) has (b) have (c) has (d) has (e) have Chapter 14 • Things That Happen Every Day Get Set

He You They I It We has have 2. (a) have (b) have (c) has (d) have (e) have 3. (a) have (b) has (c) has (d) has (e) has (f) have

You have three dogs. 4. No, I don’t. 5. I see has. Use It for Real

4. (a) is (b) is (c) are (d) is (e) am Chapter 13 • Has and Have Get Set 1. I have a pet rabbit. 2. We have pets.

3. (a) Her name is Riya. (b) Her grandfather goes with her. (c) She plays on the slide. (d) Riya sees a red ball. (e) She eats an ice cream.

Reading Comprehension - 5 1. (a) Raju and Sita play hide and seek. 3 (b) Dad serves the food. 4 (c) Raju hugs his grandparents. 5 (d) They pack food and drinks. 1 (e) The family goes to a pond. 2 2. (a) Wayanad (b) Sita (c) Grandmother (d) sad 3. (a) Raju and his family go to a pond. (b) They eat their lunch under a tree. (c) Raju wants to go again because he loves picnics.

F (b) T (c) T (d) F 2. (a) Her father (b) Laugh (c) In a box 3. (a) red (b) park (c) dance 4. (a) cold (b) small

Reading Comprehension - 4

Reading Comprehension - 3 1. (a) Red – Tomatoes (b) Green – Peas (c) Yellow – Marigolds 2. (a) No (b) Yes (c) Yes 3. (a) The mother (b) The flower shop (c) Tired/Happy

(a) every day (b) jumps (c) slide (d) kids (e) butterfly

Park (b) Birds (c) The swing (d) His friends (e) On the ground

Reading Comprehension - 2

(a) He wakes up. (b) Toast (c) His friends

milk (b) learns (c) his day

He brushes his teeth and takes a bath. 1 (d) He packs his bag and goes to school. 3

He eats toast and drinks milk. 2

husband (b) wife (c) cock (d) sister Reading Comprehension - 1

Purple: cow, aunt, mother, hen Pink: boy, lion, king, cock

(a)2. dog, ball, apple (b) apple, ball, cab (c) bag, cat, dog (d) egg, fish,

Vocabulary 1 • Alphabetical Order

3. (a) is waiting (b) is holding (c) are standing (d) is reading (e) is showing 4. (a) danced (b) clapped (c) cooked (d) watched (e) laughed

2. (a) I eats his lunch at school. (b) Ravi (He) read a book with my sister. (c) Amisha (She) play outside after school. (d) We (Ravi and I) brushes her hair every day. (e) You dance with me every day.

1. (a) have (b) have (c) has (d) has (e) have

Review Test 4

About the Book

The Ignite English Grammar Book is Uolo’s thoughtfully designed grammar programme that aims to help learners go beyond memorising rules to applying grammar in real-life contexts. In line with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2022–23, the grammar programme reimagines learning grammar as a meaningful, discovery-driven journey. Learners explore grammar through contextualised activities that build confidence, expression and communicative competence. The programme supports overall learner development by integrating 21st-century skills— critical thinking, creativity, collaboration and communication—while nurturing social and emotional growth.

Key Features

• Contextualised Grammar: Learners engage with grammar in real-life situations, which helps them apply patterns, infer rules and use language meaningfully

• Discovery-Driven Learning: A shift from drills to activities that encourage exploration, expression and creativity

• 21st-Century Skills Development: Focusses on critical thinking, creativity, collaboration and effective communication

• Scaffolded Support: Visual cues, structured tasks and step-by-step guidance make grammar instruction accessible to all learners

• Holistic Growth: Encourages learners to apply language to express themselves ethically, collaborate meaningfully, appreciate cultural heritage and connect learning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

• Gamified Quizzes: Interactive quizzes and challenges motivate learners, reinforce concepts and make grammar practice enjoyable and engaging

• Review Test Papers: Periodic review papers help learners to consolidate their knowledge, assess progress and measure their own learning

About Uolo

Uolo partners with K-12 schools to provide technology-enabled learning programs. We believe that pedagogy and technology must come together to deliver scalable learning experiences that generate measurable outcomes. Uolo is trusted by over 15,000+ schools across India, Southeast Asia and the Middle East.

ISBN 978-81-992630-4-8