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Level B
Ac know l ed g e me nts
Academic Authors: Monika Dahiya, Sneha Sharma
Design & Production: Surendra Prajapati, Vishesh Agarwal
Project Lead: Sneha Sharma
VP, Learning: Abhishek Bhatnagar
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© Uolo EdTech Private Limited
First edition 2025
Second edition 2026
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Book Title: Usha Hindi Pathyapustak Level B
ISBN: 978-81-983195-4-8
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^mQ"kk* iqLrd Üka`[kyk jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (NEP) 2020 rFkk jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ (NCF) 2022 osQ
fn'kk funsZ'kksa osQ vk/kj ij fufeZr gSA bl Üka`[kyk esa cPpksa osQ fodkl] ftKklk] #fp] vfHkO;fDr rFkk
mUeqDr lksp ij fo'ks"k è;ku fn;k x;k gSA bu iqLrdksa esa cksyus] lquus] i<+us vkSj fy[kus osQ fodkl dks izkFkfedrk nh xbZ gSA buesa fganh Hkk"kk dks vR;ar ljy ,oa jkspd j i esa cPpksa osQ lokZxh.k fodkl osQ
mn~ns'; ls izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA bl Üka`[kyk dks rhu Lrjksa esa izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gS] ftuesa cPpksa dh
vk;q vkSj ckSn~f/d fodkl dks è;ku esa j[kdj fofHkUu xfrfof/;k¡] dgkfu;k¡] dfork,¡ vkfn pquh xbZ gSaA
Ük`a[kyk dh fo'ks"krk,¡
● jkspd ,oa vkd"kZd dforkvksa o dgkfu;ksa dk p;uA
● jax&fcjaxs fp=kksa }kjk lq'kksfHkrA
● o.kZekyk ls lacaf/r fp=kksa o 'kCnksa }kjk 'kCn&HkaMkj dk fodklA
● vusd izdkj dh xfrfof/;ksa }kjk cPpksa esa dYiuk'khyrk c<+kus ij cyA
● lkekftd] uSfrd vkSj ekuoh; ewY;ksa dks lh[kus o le>us ij cyA
Hkk"kk lh[kus osQ fy, fofHkUu dkS'kyksa osQ fodkl ij fo'ks"k :i ls cy fn;k x;k gS%
1- Jo.k Hksn (Auditory Discrimination)
2- n`'; foHksnu {kerk (Visual Discrimination)
3- eksVj dkS'ky (Motor Skills)
4- laKkukRed fodkl (Cognitive Development)
5- lkekftd&HkkokukRed vkSj uSfrd fodkl (Social-Emotional and Ethical Development)
6- Hkk"kk vkSj lk{kjrk fodkl (Language and Literacy Development)
7- lkSan;Zcks/ fodkl vkSj dyk dk lekxe (Aesthetic Development and Arts Integration)
bl ikBÔiqLrd osQ lkFk fMftVy lkexzh fu%'kqYd çnku dh xbZ gS] tks cPpksa osQ lh[kus&le>us osQ vuqHko dks vkSj Hkh csgrj djsxkA gesa iw.kZ fo'okl gS fd ;g iqLrd Üka`[kyk fon~;kfFkZ;ksa osQ lokZxh.k fodkl esa lgk;d fln~/ gksxh vkSj mUgsa vkxs osQ Lrjksa esa fganh Hkk"kk dks le>us esa enn djsxhA
bl iqLrd esa------
^mQ"kk* iqLrd Ük`a[kyk esa fofHkUu dkS'kyksa o xfrfof/;ksa dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k gS]
tks cPpksa osQ lok±xh.k fodkl esa lgk;d gksaxsA
fp=k o.kZu% voyksdu] vfHkO;fDr o dYiuk'khyrk dk fodkl
dgkuh% Hkk"kk osQ izfr #fp o okpu
dkS'ky dk fodkl ,oa ckSfn~/d
{kerk ij cy
dfork% Hkko] lkSan;Zcks/ o y; dh le> dk fodkl
Loj&Kku% Lojksa dks igpkuus o cksyus esa fuiq.krk izkIr djuk
O;atu&Kku% O;atuksa dh igpku o èofu;ksa ls ifjp;
'kCn HkaMkj% lkekU; oLrqvkasa dh igpku o muosQ uke tkuuk
[ksy lekxe% [ksy vk/kfjr f'k{k.k xfrfof/;k¡
ys[ku&dk;Z% ys[ku osQ dkS'ky dk fodkl
lgk;d lkexzh% v{kj&igpku o 'kCn&okpu osQ fy, xfrfof/;k¡ ,oa n`';&i=kd
mPp Lrjh; dkS'ky% fopkj'khy lksp ,oa jpukRedrk osQ fodkl gsrq fofHkUu xfrfof/;k¡
fo"k; lwph
taxy esa nkor
fp=k&o.kZu
fp=k ns[kks vkSj ckrphr djksA crkvks fd dkSu D;k [kk jgk gS&
dgkuh lquks vkSj lqukvks&
fcYyh Hkkxdj ,d isM ij p< xbZA
oqQRrk ogk¡ ls pyk x;kA
,d NksVh&lh fcYyh [ksy jgh FkhA rHkh
ogk ,d oqQRrk vk;k vkSj HkkSadus yxkA
vc fcYyh isM ls mrj ugha ikbZA ,d m¡ V mls ns[k jgk FkkA
m¡V fcYyh dks viuh ihB ij cSBkdj mlosQ ?kj ys x;kA
m¡V isM osQ ikl x;kA fcYyh owQndj mldh ihB ij cSB xbZA
vc os nksuksa vPNs nksLr cu x,A os jks”k feydj lkFk esa [ksyus yxsA
vlqcg lqcg eSa vkrk g ]
[kcjsa ubZ ykrk g A
dkx”k ls eSa curk g ]
nqfu;k dk gky crkrk g A
mRrj& v[+kckj
eSa ihyk g ] ehBk g ] xjeh esa vkrk gw¡A
lcdks cgqr Hkkrk g ] iQYkksa dk jktk dgykrk g A
mRrj& vke
[kV~Vh&[kV~Vh gksrh g]
chp esa gksrs chtA
fNydk mrkjks vkSj [kkyks ]
e”ksnkj ;s ph”kA
mRrj& beyh
yack iryk MaMs tSlk]
[ksrksa esa eSa mxrk g A Nhyks] dkVks] jl fudkyks]
ehBk&ehBk yxrk g A
mRrj& bZ[k
jkr dks fudyrk g ]
fnu esa lks tkrk g A
isM osQ rus esa]
viuk ?kj cukrk g A
mRrj& mYyw
m¡ ph&m¡ ph ihB gS esjh]
yacs&yacs ik¡oA
mruh gh yach gS xjnu]
?kwew¡ xk¡o&xk¡oA
pkj iSj vkSj ,d iw¡N]
flj ij lhax gSa nksA
Í ls uke 'kq: gksrk g]
dkSu gS crkvks oks\
mRrj& ½"kHk
dfork lquks vkSj cksyks
yky lsc] ihyk vke ]
xqykch dey dk iwQyA
uhyk ckny] gjk gS iRrk]
Hkwjh gksrh /wyA
dkyk dkSvk] LysVh gkFkh]
[kjxks'k gS lis QnA
larjs dk D;k gS jax]
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ukjaxh
fxurh eq>ls 'kq: gS gksrh]
lcls igyk vad g A
MaMk [khapks eq>s cuk yks]
>ViV eSa cu tkrk g A mRrj& ,d
liQn jax dk gkFkh g ]
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mRrj& ,sjkor
vks
ljnh osQ ekSle esa ns[kks]
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vkS
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[kkdj bldks Bhd gks tkvks]
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gjk ys yks ;k fiQj dkyk] lcosQ eu dks Hkkrk g A
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v% rd iwjk djks&
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ls v% rd fy[kks
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cqyk;kA
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bu fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
nksuksa us beyh dh pVuh osQ lkFk vkyw osQ idkSM vkSj bMyh [kkbZA
rHkh vkleku esa cM+k&lk banz/uq"k fudy vk;kA nksuksa [kq'kh ls ukpus yxsA
ns[kks] i<+ks vkSj cksyks
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nks ia[k vkSj ,d pksap] vkleku esa mM+rk g A
nkuk [kkrk] ikuh ihrk]
xqVj&xw¡] xqVj&xw¡ djrk g A
mRrj& dcwrj igsyh
yacs&yacs esjs dku]
NksVh&lh gS iw¡NA
,d I;kjs&ls psgjs ij]
ns[kks esjh ew¡NA
mRrj& [kjxks'k
Hkwjs jax dh I;kjh&lh gw¡]
isM+ksa ij nkSM+ yxkrh gw¡A
?kuh&yach iw¡N gS esjh] bl ij eSa brjkrh gw¡A
mRrj& fxygjh
lw[ks frudksa dk gksrk g ]
fpfM+;k eq>s cukrhA
cPpksa lax eq>esa oks jgrh]
pha&pha dj oks xkrhA
mRrj& ?kksalyk
fp=k dks lgh v{kj ls feykvks
dN , dh xsan
dgkuh lquks vkSj lqukvks
[kjxkss'k dks ,d gjs jax dh xsan feyhA og mlls [ksyus yxkA
dNqvk vkSj [kjxks'k ckx esa ?kkl ij [ksy jgs FksA
vpkud dNq, dh u”kj ,d ihyh xsan ij iM+hA
è;ku ls ns[kk rks irk pyk fd og
,d xqCckjk FkkA
bu fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks
dNqvk ihyh xsan osQ ikl x;kA
ml ij ,d /kxk ca/k FkkA
nksuksa feydj xqCckjs ls [ksyus yxsA xqCckjk vkxs&vkxs vkSj nksuksa nksLr mlosQ ihNs&ihNsA
dfork lquks vkSj cksyks esjs xqCckjs
esjs xqCckjs jax&fcjaxs]
fdrus I;kjs ;s lrjaxsA yky] gjs] xqykch] uhys]
lI+ksQn] cSaxuh] ihys&ihysA
budh Mksj esjs gkFk]
ns[kks oSQls Hkkxsa lkFkA
taxyh vkSj ikyrw tkuoj
taxyh tkuoj taxy esa jgrs gSaA muosQ uke cksyks&
ikyrw tkuoj ge ?kj ij ikyrs gSa vkSj mudh ns[kHkky djrs gSaA muosQ uke cksyks&
tkuojksa dks mudh ijNkbZ ls feykvks&
yach&yach iw¡N gS esjh] NksVs&NksVs dkuA nkSM+ yxkrk ;gk¡&ogk¡]
ew¡N gS esjh 'kkuA
mRrj& pwgk
'kgn ls Hkjk gqvk g ]
e/qeD[kh eq>s cukrh gSA
iwQy&iwQy ij tkdj ns[kks]
eq>dks Hkjrh tkrh gSA
mRrj& NRrk
ttksM esa vkrk g ]
vosQyk g csdkjA
iguks ?kj ls ckgj tkvks]
lki Q djks gj ckjA
mRrj& twrs igsyh
igkM ls fxjrk ikuh]
>j&>j] >j&>j djrk gSA
m ij ls uhps cgrk ;g] fdruk laqnj fn[krk gSA
mRrj& >juk
lkspdj fp=k feykvks&
p ls ×k fy[kks&
ehBh&ehBh feBkb;k¡
nh xbZ feBkb;ksa osQ uke cksyks&
ukuh ykbZ <sj lkjh feBkbZ]
geus cSB e”ks ls [kkbZA cqvk vkbZ] ekeh vkbZ]
lcus feBkbZ [kq'kh ls [kkbZA
u, 'kCn
v{kjksa dks tksM+dj u, 'kCn curs gSaA bu 'kCnksa dks i<+ks& jlxqYyk
tksdj dh Nrjh
dgkuh lquks vkSj lqukvks&
tfru dk tUefnu FkkA lc cPps pVkbZ ij cSBdj [ksy jgs FksA
es”k ij [kkus dh ph”ksa FkhaA muesa phuw pwgs dh euilan tysch Hkh FkhA phuw pqipki tysch [kkus
osQ fy, es”k ij p< x;kA
vpkud ,d tksdj dejs esa ?kqlk vkSj
”kksj&”kksj ls >qu>quk ctkus yxkA
phuw Mjdj Hkkxk vkSj
og¡k j[kh ,d Nrjh esa
Nqi x;kA
tksdj us tkus osQ fy, Nrjh mBkdj [kksyhA phuw Mjdj Nrjh esa ls fudydj HkkxkA
tksdj cPpksa osQ lkFk ukpus xkus yxkA
bu fp=kksa osQ uke cksyks&
lc cPps ”kksj&”kksj ls rkfy;k¡ ctkdj g¡lus yxsA
fpfM+;k pha&pha djrh
dfork lquks vkSj cksyks&
fpfM+;k pha&pha djrh]
mM+rh pkjksa vksjA
esa<d owQns >jus esa]
ckxksa esa ukps eksjA
pwgs us Hkh [kwc epk;k]
pw¡&pw¡] pw¡&pw¡ 'kksjA
V ls .k rd
yky&yky g ] vkSj g xksy]
flj ij rkt gjkA
lC”kh ;k lykn esa Mkyks]
lcdk Lokn n¡w c<+kA
mRrj& VekVj igsyh
BlC”kh ys yks] lC”kh ys yks]
lC”kh okyk vk;k gSA
<sj lkjh lC”kh ns[kks]
eq>ij j[kdj yk;k gSA
mRrj& Bsyk
vxj dHkh chekj iM+ks rks]
esjs ikl vk tkukA
nokbZ ysdj >ViV rqe]
fiQj ls Bhd gks tkukA
mRrj& MkWDVj
ihyk&ihyk vkSj uedhu]
[kwc e”ks ls [kkvksA
vius nksLrksa osQ fy, Hkh]
rqe eq>dks ys tkvksA
mRrj& <ksdyk
nl flj okyk g ]
eq>s n'kkuu dgrs gSaA
^gk&gk&gk* djrk g tc]
cPps eq>ls Mjrs gSaA
mRrj& jko.k
ge jlksbZ esa e”ksnkj [kkuk cukrs gSaA blesa cgqr lkjk lkeku
gksrk gSA fp=k ns[kdj jlksbZ osQ lkeku dk uke cksyks&
,d ?kuk taxy FkkA mlesa
,d 'ksj jgrk FkkA og
cgqr 'kfDr'kkyh FkkA mls
viuh 'kfDr ij cgqr ?keaM FkkA
,d fnu og f'kdkj ij fudykA vpkud og ,d f'kdkjh osQ tky esa i¡Ql x;kA 'ksj us tky ls fudyus
dh cgqr dksf'k'k dh] ysfdu og vliQy jgkA
rHkh ogk¡ ij ,d NksVk
pwgk vk;kA og 'ksj osQ
ikl x;k vkSj tky dks
dkVus yxkA mlus vius
NksVs&NksVs vkSj iSus nk¡rksa ls
tky dks dkV fn;kA
'ksj us pwgs dks
/U;okn fn;kA nksuksa nksLr cu x,A
VekVj gksrs yky&yky
dfork lquks vkSj cksyks&
VekVj gksrs yky&yky]
cuk, BBsjk cjru dekyA
cksyk Mej Me&Me&Me]
<ksy ctk <e&<e&<eA
vkvks feydj ukpsa ge]
vkSj epk,¡ [kwc /ekyA dfork
ckgj ls gjk]
vanj ls ykyA
dkys cht esjs vanj]
esjk Lokn dekyA
mRrj& rjcw”k
diM ls eq>s cukvks]
ck”kkj lax eq>s ys tkvksA
oqQN Hkh Hkj yks esjs vanj]
IykfLVd ls lcdks cpkvksA mRrj& FkSyk
fnokyh ij eq>s tykrs]
Hkjdj ?kh ;k rsyA
eksecRrh osQ lkFk]
gjs&gjs iRrksa dk xqPNk]
lC”kh okyk nsrk gSA
pVuh cukvks ;k ,sls Mkyks] [kkus dk Lokn c<+krk gSA
ihys jax osQ fNyosQ okyk]
isM+ksa ij eSa yxrk g A
cgqr gh [kV~Vk Lokn gS esjk]
FkksM+k&lk gh Myrk g A mRrj& uhacw
d ls u rd iwjk djks&
Fk /
d ls u rd fy[kks&
oqQN [kkvks
dfork lquks vkSj cksyksA [kkus dh ph”kksa osQ uke Hkh crkvks&
lsgr vxj cukuh gS rks]
lkIkQ&lqFkjk [kkuk [kkvksA
iQy] lC”kh] jksVh] pkoy]
vkSj lkjh nkysa Hkh [kkvksA
dHkh rqe [kkvks bMyh&Mkslk]
dHkh&dHkh iwjh Hkh [kkvksA
puk&HkVwjk] jksVh&lkx]
gj ph”k e”ks ls [kkvksA
bu u, 'kCnksa dks i<+ks&
dgkuh lquks vkSj lqukvks&
nkew n”khZ cgqr datwl FkkA ,d fnu og ukfj;y [kjhnus unh osQ fdukjs x;kA
n”khZ vkxs pyk x;kA og nwljs ukfj;y okys osQ ikl igq¡pkA
nkew n”khZ nqdkunkj ls eksy&Hkko djus yxkA ij nqdkunkj ugha ekukA
bl ukfj;y okys us de nke cksykA ij nkew n”khZ fiQj ls eksy&Hkko djus
yxkA ukfj;y okys us ijs'kku gksdj dgk fd vki isM+ ij ls ukfj;y [kqn gh rksM+ yhft,A
nkew n”khZ dks cgqr nwj
ukfj;y osQ isM+ feysA
tSls gh mlus ukfj;y dks [khapk]
nkew n”khZ dk iSj fiQlyk vkSj og
/M+ ke ls uhps fxj x;kA
nkew n”khZ ,d isM+ ij p<+ x;kA mlus
,d ukfj;y dks ”kksj ls idM+ fy;kA
nkew n”khZ y¡xM+krk gqvk okil
?kj pyk x;kA
ivkleku esa mM+rh tkrh]
cPpksa osQ eu dks HkkrhA m¡ pkbZ ij eSa ygjkrh] cksyks eSa D;k dgykrh\
rjg&rjg osQ jaxksa okys]
ckxksa esa ;s f[kyrs gSaA
vkSj vxj xqynLrk cuk yks]
?kj dks lqanj djrs gSaA
cE;km¡ &E;km¡ djrh g ]
pwgksa dks Hkxkrh gw¡A
vxj dgha ls fey tk, rks]
nw/ Hkh ih tkrh g A mRrj&
iryh&iryh] NksVh&NksVh]
gjs jax dh lC”khA
xksy dkVks] yach cukvks]
tSls rqEgkjh e”khZA
eSa g ty dh jkuh]
thou gS esjk ikuhA
rV rd eSa dHkh u vkrh
ikuh osQ vanj bBykrhA
,d tSls cVuksa osQ tksM+s cukvks&
esjs ?kj dk lkeku
dfork lquks vkSj cksyksA ?kj esa iz;ksx gksus okys lkeku osQ uke Hkh crkvks&
esjk ?kj gS cM+k gh I;kjk]
gj dejk gS Hkjk&HkjkA
jlksbZ esa gSa fizQt vkSj cjru]
fizQt
lksi Qk
es”k
dejs esa iyax esjkA
lkFk esa j[ks oqQjlh vkSj es”k]
vyekjh esa lkeku HkjkA
cM+s dejs esa lksiQk vkSj Vh-oh-]
xqly[kkus esa ckyVh vkSj ex esjkA
oqQN dejksa esa owQyj Hkh gSa]
BaMk djrs ?kj ;s esjkA
owQyj iyax
vyekjh
ckyVh ex Vh-ohcjru oqQLkhZ
dgkuh dNqvk vkSj [kjxks'k
,d taxy esa ,d dNqvk vkSj
[kjxks'k jgrs FksA [kjxks'k cgqr
iqQjrhyk FkkA og ges'kk dNq,
dh /heh pky dk e”kkd
mM+krk FkkA ij dNqvk dHkh
cqjk ugha ekurk FkkA
,d fnu [kjxks'k us lkjs tkuojksa osQ lkeus dNq, dks nkSM osQ fy, pqukSrh nhA dNqvk eku
x;kA [kjxks'k us cgqr rs”kh ls nkSM+uk 'kq: fd;kA og cgqr vkxs
fudy x;kA
bruk vkxs fudydj mlus
oqQN nsj vkjke djus dk
lkspkA dNq, dks bruk ihNs
ns[k og ,d isM osQ uhps tkdj lks x;kA
ij dNqvk fcuk #osQ pyrk
jgkA tc [kjxks'k mBk rc rd dNqvk mlls cgqr
vkxs fudy pqdk FkkA
[kjxks'k us iwjh rsth osQ
lkFk nkSM+uk 'kq: fd;kA
ij dNqvk thr x;kA
lHkh tkuoj dNq, dh
thr ls cgqr [kq'k gq,A
cM+s&cM lhax gSa esjs] yacs&yacs ckyA igkM+ksa ij jgus okyk]
Nqd&Nqd] Nqd&Nqd djrh tkrh]
iVjh ij ;g pyrh gSA
vkxs batu] ihNs fMCcs]
fdrus yksxksa dks Hkjrh gSA
xksy&xksy vkSj ehBs&ehBs]
lcosQ eu dks Hkkrs gSaA
cPps gksa ;k gksa cM+s]
lc gesa [kk tkrs gSaA
cknyksa ls fudydj lh/h]
/jrh ij eSa fxjrh g ]
xjeh dks eSa nwj Hkxkdj]
ekSle BaMk djrh g A
mRrj& o"kkZ
;ku dks ckny rd ys tkvks&
[kkus okyh ph”kksa ij xksyk yxkvks&
fn, x, 'kCnksa dks i<+ks& u, 'kCn
d y ¾ dy n e ¾ ne
d e ¾ de / u ¾ /u
x y ¾ xy u j ¾ uj
?k j ¾ ?kj i x ¾ ix
p y ¾ py i j ¾ ij
p j ¾ pj iQ y ¾ iQy
N r ¾ Nr iQ u ¾ iQu
t y ¾ ty iQ V ¾ iQV
> V ¾ >V c l ¾ cl
V c ¾ Vc
B i ¾ Bi Hk j ¾ Hkj e u ¾ eu
M j ¾ Mj j Fk ¾ jFk
< d ¾ <d j V ¾ jV
r y ¾ ry o u ¾ ou
gekjs okgu
è;ku ls lquks vkSj uke cksydj lgh fp=k ij xksyk yxkvks&
;g /hjs&/hjs pyrh gSA
blesa cgqr lkjs yksx cSB
ldrs gSaA
;g iVjh ij pyrh gSA
blesa pkj ifg, gksrs gSaA
blesa rhu ifg, gksrs gSaA
;g vkleku esa mM+rk gSA
gkFkh vkSj phaVh
taxy esa ,d cM+k gkFkh jgrk
FkkA mls viuh rkdr ij
cgqr ?keaM FkkA ,d fnu og
gkFkh ?kwers gq, ,d NksVh&lh
phaVh dks ns[kdj g¡lus yxkA
mlus phaVh dk cgqr e”kkd
mM+k;k D;ksafd og cgqr NksVh
FkhA
dgkuh
phaVh us dgk& ¶eSa NksVh gw¡] ysfdu vkdkj gh lcoqQN
ugha gksrkA¸ pkgks rks esjs lkFk
eqdkcyk djosQ ns[k yksA gkFkh
vkSj ”kksj ls g¡lus yxkA
vxys fnu] ,d v[kkM+s esa mu nksuksa
osQ chp ,d eqdkcyk gqvkA lHkh tkuoj vk x,A phaVh fcuk fdlh
Mj osQ gkFkh dh lwaM esa ?kql x;h
vkSj mls xqnxqnh djus yxhA gkFkh
epy dj b/j&m/j Hkkxus yxkA
gkFkh Hkkxrs&Hkkxrs cqjh rjg
Fkd x;kA
gkFkh us viuh gkj Lohdkj dh vkSj phaVh ls {kek
ek¡xhA phaVh us gkFkh dks
eki Q dj fn;kA
ykykth osQ yM~Mw
dfork lquks vkSj cksyks&
ykykth ck”kkj x,]
ogk¡ ij ns[ks yM~MwA
lw¡?kdj mudh [kq'kcw]
ykykth gks x, yV~VwA
[kjhn fy;k ,d iwjk fMCck]
?kj ij ysdj vk,A
vosQys cSBdj ykykth us]
lkjs yM~Mw [kk,A
Ng js[kk,¡ vkSj Ng dksus]
vkvks eq>s cukvksA
iwjk tc eSa gks tkm¡Q rks]
esjk uke crkvksA
"kV~dks.k
"kV~dks.k esa ?kweks vkSj ckgj vk tkvks& "kV~dks.k
xksy&xksy g fNyosQ okyk]
rhu jax esa vkrk g A
gjk] ihyk vkSj yky]
cPpksa osQ eu dks Hkkrk g A
yach lw¡M] cM+s&ls dku]
vkSj NksVh&lh iw¡NA
xUus] osQys [kkrk gS ;s]
ugha gS bldh ew¡NA
mRrj& gkFkh
ftu lfC”k;ksa dks dPpk [kk ldrs gSa] mu ij xksyk yxkvks&
[kkyh xksyksa esa g¡lrs gq, psgjs cukvks&
phaVh vkSj dcwrj dgkuh
,d taxy FkkA mlesa ,d
rkykc FkkA ml rkykc osQ
fdukjs ij ,d isM FkkA
ml ij ,d dcwrj dk
?kj FkkA
,d fnu dcwrj us ml
rkykc esa ,d phaVh dks
Mwcrs gq, ns[kkA dcwrj us
rqjar ,d iRrk rksM+k vkSj
rkykc esa Mky fn;kA phaVh
iRrs ij p<+ x;h vkSj
fdukjs rd vk x;hA bl
rjg dcwrj us phaVh dh
tku cpkbZA
;g ns[kdj phaVh us
f'kdkjh osQ iSj ij tksj
ls dkVkA nnZ ls f'kdkjh
dk fu'kkuk pwd x;k vkSj
dcwrj mM+ x;kA
bl rjg phaVh us dcwrj
dh tku cpkbZA
oqQN fnu ckn dcwrj
mlh isM+ dh Mky ij
cSBdj /wi lsad jgk FkkA
mlh le; ,d f'kdkjh
vk;kA mlus dcwrj ij
fu'kkuk lk/kA
dfork lquks vkSj cksyks&
gkFkh jktk cgqr cM+s]
lw¡M mBkdj dgk¡ pys\
esjs ?kj Hkh vkvks uk]
xUuk] osQys [kkvks uk! vkvks] cSBks oqQlhZ ij
oqQlhZ cksyh pVj&iVjA
gekjs vklikl
pyks ?kj osQ vklikl ?kweus pysa vkSj bu txgksa osQ uke cksysa&
ge ckx esa lSj djrs gSa vkSj >wys >wyrs gSaA
ge vLirky esa viuk bykt djokus tkrs gSaA
ge ck”kkj ls lkeku [kjhnrs gSaA
ge ikB'kkyk esa i<+rs gSa vkSj ubZ&ubZ ph”ksa lh[krs gSaA
ge cSad esa vius iSls vkSj xgus j[krs gSaA
ge gksVy esa [kkuk [kkus tkrs gSaA ikB'kkyk
K ls Kkuh]
ftudks gksrk cg qr Kku] lnk djks budk lEekuA
J ls Jfed]
esgur djrs fnu vkSj jkr] buls djks I;kj ls ckrA
'k l {k K <
fn, x, 'kCnksa dks i<+ks& u, 'kCn
d l ¾ c l ¾
?k j ¾ ; 'k ¾
t y ¾ ; g ¾
B i ¾ j l ¾
M l ¾ o g ¾
r V ¾ l p ¾
M j ¾ o 'k ¾ n l ¾ l c ¾
n y ¾ l g ¾
u V ¾ g e ¾
i <+ ¾ g d ¾ x t ¾ c g ¾
iQ y ¾ g y ¾
u y ¾ g j ¾ dl xt ?kj ty Bi Mj Ml rV ny nl uy uV i<+ iQy cl cg ;'k ;g
jFk p[k ;K Nr [kx
pyks pysa ck”kkj
n”khZ dh nqdku
fn, x, fp=k esa dkSu&dkSu lh nqdkusa fn[kkbZ ns jgh gSa\ ns[kks vkSj muosQ uke cksyks&
nokbZ dh nqdku
enu n”khZ
fdjkus dh nqdku
fdrkcksa dh nqdku
lC”kh vkSj iQy
varj <w¡<+ks
bu fp=kksa esa Ng varj gSaA mUgsa <w¡<+ks vkSj igys fp=k esa xksys yxkvks&
iqLrd osQ ckjs esa
^mQ"kk* iqLrd Ük`a[kyk jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (NEP)
2020 rFkk jk"Vªh; ikBÔp;kZ dh :ijs[kk (NCF)
2022 osQ fn'kk funsZ'kksa ij vk/kfjr gSA bl Ük`a[kyk dks
rhu Lrjksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSA Lrj ʽAʹ esa o.kksZa dk
Kku ,oa vklikl dh ph”kksa dh tkudkjh nh xbZ gSA Lrj
ʽBʹ esa o.kksZa osQ ys[ku vH;kl ij cy fn;k x;k gSA Lrj
ʽCʹ esa 'kCnksa] okD;ksa rFkk ek=kkvksa dk Kku djk;k x;k gSA
eq[; fo'ks"krk,¡
vfrfjDr lalkèku
• n`'; i=kd
• f'k{kd vkSj ekrk&firk osQ fy, lq>kbZ xbZ xfrfofèk;k¡
• fMftVy lalkèku
� cPpksa osQ vk;q Lrj osQ vuq:i Hkk"kk osQ laiw.kZ fodkl ij osaQfnzrA
� lquus] cksyus] i<+us] o fy[kus tSlh Hkk"kk;h oqQ'kyrkvksa osQ fodkl dks izkFkfedrkA
� ckSn~f/d Lrj osQ vuq:i dgkfu;ksa] dforkvksa] o xfrfof/;ksa dk p;uA
� vH;kl ,oa iqujkH;kl osQ vusd voljA
� lkekftd] uSfrd] o ekuoh; ewY;ksa ls ifjfpr djkus ij cyA
� cPpksa esa Lora=k :i ls lkspus vkSj lgh fu.kZ; ysus dh {kerk dk fodklA
� [ksy vk/kfjr fof/ dks osaQnz esa j[kdj lh[kus&fl[kkus ij cyA
� f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa esa 21oha lnh osQ dkS'kyksa dk fodklA
UOLO osQ ckjs esa
Uolo K&12 LowQyksa osQ lkFk lk>snkjh djosQ rduhdh&l{ke f'k{k.k dk;ZØe çnku djrk gSA gekjk ekuuk gS fd f'k{kk vkSj rduhdh dks
feydj dke djuk pkfg, rkfd foLr`r Lrj ij lHkh cPpksa dks
csgrj f'k{k.k vuqHko çnku fd, tk losaQA Uolo Hkkjr] nf{k.k&iwoZ vkSj eè;&iwoZ ,f'k;k osQ 15,000 ls vfèkd LowQyksa osQ lkFk dke djrk gSA
ISBN 978-81-983195-4-8
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