2022 Cornerstone

CORNERSTONE ACADEMIC FOUNDATION FOR GLOBAL LEADERSHIP

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

2022

C OR NER STONE Message f rom the Director

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THE HAGLER INSTITUTE

About The Institute

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About Jon L. Hagler

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Faculty Advisory Board

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External Advisory Board

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Staff

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Advocates

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Administrative Council

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National Academy Scholars

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Legacy Society

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Kay Bailey Hutchison Award

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ABOUT THE HAGLER FELLOWS The Impact

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Recruitment

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How Fellows Are Selected

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Student Inspiration

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FEATURED ARTICLES Vaccines in a Time of War,

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Political Instability, Urbanization, Deforestation, and Climate Change The French Museum and

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Memorial of Terrorism Analogies, Black Holes,

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and Fluid Flow SECTION

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CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

THE HAGLER FELLOWS 2022-23 Fellow Inductees

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2022-12 Fellows

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Financial Overview

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Charting the Way Forward

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COR NER STONE AN IMPORTANT QUALITY OR FEATURE ON WHICH A PARTICULAR THING DEPENDS OR IS BASED.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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FR OM THE DI RECTOR I am pleased to welcome you to the annual report of the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study. You will find some significant milestones in this issue of Cornerstone.

A

t our 2022 gala, held in May due to

We provide two graduate student fellowships per

pandemic complications earlier in the

fellow, a process that requires significant contact

year, I inducted the ninth and tenth

with academic departments. We prepare detailed

cohorts of Hagler Fellows. In August

reports on our operation and our aspirations for

2022, the Hagler Institute completed its first decade

annual meetings with our Administrative Council

of operation, having brought 88 of the world’s top

and External Advisory Board. We publish frequent

scholars and industry leaders to Texas A&M University.

editions of the Hagler Institute newsletter, as well as

Our fellows are from extremely diverse backgrounds,

our yearly Cornerstone and our Eminence brochure.

covering many fields of study, and coming from all over the world. Many active fellows have now resumed their visits to the Texas A&M campus. During the pandemic collaborations proceeded from afar.

visiting fellows and Texas A&M’s outstanding faculty and students; organize and support symposiums that include fellows, as well as lectures within

I am proud of the operations of the institute, as well

colleges, schools, and departments; and promote

as the impact we are making on campus. In addition

multidisciplinary meetings and collaborations with

to myself, the institute operates with two full-time

periodic luncheons for Hagler Fellows on campus.

staff, a part-time assistant, and two undergraduate student workers. I am half-time in the institute and remain engaged in aerospace engineering grant research and the supervision of PhD students. Even with this lean operation, our work has proceeded without pause as the size of our workload has grown, despite my term as interim president of Texas A&M,

To celebrate the outset of our second decade, in September 2022 we announced the largest single year recruitment of world-class scholars thus far, with 14 fellows and one distinguished lecturer. The Hagler Institute will officially induct them at our gala February 24, 2023.

the unprecedented COVID-19 lockdowns, and my

We resumed our in-person lectures open to the

period of recuperation from a fractured femur. The

university and community and also available through

institute staff productivity has been off the charts.

internet media. We began in September with a

Much of the work of the institute involves administering the process by which fellows are nominated, evaluated, and recruited. We provide considerable assistance to the deans with recruiting, negotiations, and drafting offer letters to new fellows.

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We also promote research collaborations between

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

presentation by Hagler Institute Distinguished Lecturer and former 2013-2014 fellow from the University of Maryland, Robert Levine. He discussed his latest book about the role of Frederick Douglass in the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson.

Lena Cowen Orlin, 2020-2021 fellow

completion of his time as a

UK after an amazing visit that

from Georgetown University and

fellow in the Hagler Institute.

encompassed about four lectures,

a Trustee of the Shakespeare

William joined Texas A&M’s faculty

three workshops, and over 75

Birthplace Trust, presented a

half-time in the Institute of

meetings. Dr. Brown also delivered

lecture related to her recent

Quantum Science and Engineering.

three lectures and spoke to

award-winning book about the private life of William Shakespeare.

The Hagler Institute is a permanent addition to Texas A&M, devoted

students ranging from chemistry to mechanical engineering and even construction science.

I welcome you to review research

to enhancing excellence

summaries by three fellows,

through exchange of ideas and

briefly discussed in this issue of

collaboration with the world’s

Cornerstone. The variety of their

finest scholars, researchers, and

fields of study is just a sample

industry leaders. During our first

I never quite understood

of the broad contribution and

decade of operation, 13 Hagler

what you meant when you

expertise that the Hagler Institute

Fellows joined Texas A&M’s faculty,

mentioned …that having such a

is making to Texas A&M.

representing more than 20 percent

visitor (Hagler Fellow) is about

of fellows who have completed

the same as having a million

their Hagler Fellows appointment

dollar grant. I understand now

in the institute. These scholars

in spades! The three weeks

enrich A&M’s expertise in the

were absolutely invaluable

fields of architecture, veterinary

and hugely inspiring for our

medicine, chemical engineering,

entire team including graduate

mechanical engineering, aerospace

students. We look forward to

engineering, education, astronomy,

hosting her for future visits.”

The president of France chose Henry Rousso, Hagler Fellow in the Bush School of Government and Public Service and France’s most significant historian, to create a museum near Paris devoted to the study of terrorism and to also serve as a memorial to its victims. He documents the progress on that endeavor.

Peter Hotez, a prominent medical researcher at the Baylor College of Medicine, informs of his work with faculty and students in Texas A&M’s School of Public Health. A visible commentator in the media throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, he discusses issues with vaccines in a world with multiple challenges.

William Unruh, world-renown astrophysicist from the University of British Columbia, reports on black holes and astrophysical fluid flows.

I am pleased to report that upon

law, and physics, including specialists in quantum science.

They were quite blown away by what we have to offer and the tremendous energy at Texas A&M.

If you are considering providing support to Texas A&M, I invite

To provide some sense of the

you to visit with me personally

impact made by a first visit by a

at our offices on the 8th floor of

Hagler Fellow, I leave you with

Rudder Tower, in the heart of

a note I received from Sarbajit

the Texas A&M campus, or with

Banerjee, professor of chemistry

Tyson Voelkel, president of the

and professor of materials

Texas A&M Foundation. I ask you

science and engineering about

to contemplate the impact you

the first visit in early fall of 2020-

can make by supporting our

2021 by Julia King, Baroness

unique mission of excellence.

Brown of Cambridge, UK. “I wanted to send a brief note to thank you for the opportunity to host Baroness Brown as a Hagler Fellow. Baroness Brown and Dr.

JOHN L. JUNKINS Founding Director Hagler Institute for Advanced Study

Colin Brown just returned to the

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

AB O UT THE HAGLER IN ST I T U T E The Hagler Institute is a cornerstone of academic excellence at Texas A&M and is renowned among US institutions of higher education.

T

he Hagler Institute for Advanced

bring 102 Hagler Fellows to Texas A&M,

Study is devoted to the

including four Nobel Prize recipients and

highest measure of academic

winners of many other prestigious honors.

excellence. It is the only institute

of its kind in the United States. Located in Rudder Tower in the heart of the Texas A&M campus, the Hagler Institute serves all colleges, select institutes, Texas A&M at Galveston, and A&M’s School of Law in

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Now a permanent feature on campus, the Hagler Institute was the idea of its founding director, John L. Junkins, a university distinguished professor in the Department of Aerospace Engineering

Fort Worth. The Hagler Institute brings the

and former Texas A&M interim president.

world’s most notable scholars—known as

The concept was proven over a five-year

Hagler Fellows—to campus for up to one

period with startup funds provided by

year to inspire and collaborate with Texas

Chancellor John Sharp and Texas A&M’s

A&M’s outstanding faculty and students. A

Academic Master Plan. A commitment of

minimum criterion for selection as a Hagler

continuing A&M funding by then Texas A&M

Fellow is election into one of the national

President Michael K. Young and supported

academies or having equivalent stature in

by President M. Katherine Banks, along

other fields. The institute is devoted to the

with the resulting significant endowment

highest measure of academic excellence.

provided by Distinguished Alumnus Jon L.

In its first 11 years, the institute has helped

Hagler ‘58, ensures the institute’s stability.

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

“Year after year, the Hagler Institute attracts an astounding variety of world-class scholars to our campus. Between 20 percent and 25 percent of these Hagler Fellows eventually join Texas A&M’s permanent faculty.

By any measure, the Hagler Institute is one of Texas A&M’s great success stories. There’s no institute like this anywhere in America and I am so proud to be a part of it.”

Chancellor John Sharp, The Texas A&M University System

The implications for the academic environment at Texas A&M are astounding. In essence, each year the Hagler Institute injects new academic excellence into a variety of fields of study at the university.

The typical fellow now spends more than six months in residence, spread over three years.

Within any one year, 30 or more visiting world-class scholars are commonly on the A&M campus.

The impact of the Hagler Institute on academic excellence will advance at a pace determined by donor support and by each college or school’s participation as reflected in fellow nominations.

The Hagler Institute broadly elevates the reputation of Texas A&M by: •

connecting A&M faculty and students with recognized scholars from across the United States and, thus far, twelve other countries;

•

fostering advanced problem solving, research, and publications;

•

increasing external research funding through efforts of current and former Hagler Fellows;

•

attracting additional world-class scholars to Texas A&M’s faculty as a by-product of their in-residence visits, some using funds from the Governor’s University Research Initiative and the Chancellor’s Research Initiative; and

•

attracting new outstanding faculty and students by providing a unique intellectual atmosphere.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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ABOU T J ON L. HAGLE R Jon L. Hagler ’58 funded a significant endowment for the Institute for Advanced Study to ensure its permanence as an epitome of excellence on the A&M campus.

His devotion to Texas A&M

Hagler chaired the executive

has been evident throughout

committee of the One Spirit, One

his adult life. Jon L. Hagler is

Vision campaign from 2000 to

recognized nationally as a leader

2006; co-chaired the university’s

in investment management as

1999 strategic planning initiative,

well as philanthropy. In 1984, he

Vision 2020: Creating a Culture of

and wife Jo Ann founded the Jon

Excellence; served as past chairman

L. Hagler Foundation, a private,

and trustee emeritus of the Texas

independent foundation that has

A&M Foundation Board of Trustees;

financially supported Texas A&M

and was the leading donor of the

as well as multiple philanthropic

Texas A&M Foundation’s campus

efforts across the nation.

headquarters named in his honor.

Hagler has shown an interest in

He has offered valuable guidance

supporting overarching initiatives

as a member of the institute’s

that elevate Texas A&M’s academic

external advisory board since

stature and contribute to A&M’s

its formation and through his

long-term success. He is highly

generosity has helped make the

regarded and respected at the

institute a permanent part of

university for his leadership and

Texas A&M. To ensure prestigious

contributions, both of which

leadership in years ahead, Hagler

have spanned decades.

endowed the director’s chair

Texas A&M recognized Hagler with an honorary doctorate in 2015 and

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CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

to provide research support for future directors of the institute.

the 2005 Sterling C. Evans Medal

Hagler received his bachelor’s

for his dedication in supporting

degree from Texas A&M in

Texas A&M. He was named a Texas

1958, was a Corps of Cadets

A&M Distinguished Alumnus

commander during his senior

in 1999 and is a past member

year, and served as a Ross

of the board of directors of the

Volunteer. He earned an MBA

Association of Former Students.

from Harvard University in 1963.

FACU LTY ADVI SORY BOA R D The Hagler Institute Faculty Advisory Board is charged with the responsibility of studying and analyzing the records of nominees for the Hagler Institute Fellows, assessing their qualifications, and selecting the scholars to be recruited.

2 02 2

2024

Term Expires May 31, 2023

Term Expires May 31, 2025

Rajan Varadarajan Mays Business School

Robert Kennicutt College of Arts & Sciences

Fuller Bazer College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

Glynn S. Lunney Jr. School of Law

Karen L. Wooley College of Arts & Sciences

Jörg M. Steiner School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences

2 02 3 Term Expires May 31, 2024

M. Cynthia Hipwell College of Engineering

THREE OF THE NINE SEATS ON THE ADVISORY

Stephen H. Safe School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences

PROVOST AND THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR

BOARD ARE CHOSEN BY THE UNIVERSITY’S

Dorothy Shippen College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

RESEARCH. THE REMAINING SIX SEATS ARE CHOSEN BY THE ELECTORATE FROM AMONG ITS MEMBERS.

“We’ve made excellent progress in attracting the world’s top researchers to Texas A&M, thanks to the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, the Governor’s University Research Initiative and the Chancellor’s Research Initiative. Over the last decade, we’ve seen close to a fivefold increase in the number of national academy members.”

M. Katherine Banks, President, Texas A&M University

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

EXT E R NAL ADVI SORY BOA R D The Hagler Institute External Advisory Board annually reviews the activities of the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study at Texas A&M to provide guidance, advice, and recommendations.

CHAIR Norman R. Augustine

Former Under Secretary, US Army Former Chair and CEO, Lockheed Martin Corporation Former President, National Academy of Engineering Committee Chair, Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future National Medal of Technology University of Warwick Distinguished Lecture

VICE CHAIR Ray M. Bowen Distinguished Visiting Professor, Rice University Former President, Texas A&M University Former Chair, National Science Board Former Division Director and Deputy Director, National Science Foundation

Susan R. Bailey Partner, Fort Worth Allergy and Asthma Associates President, American Medical Association, 2021-2022 Regent Emerita, Texas A&M University System Distinguished Fellow, American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Distinguished Alumnus, The Association of Former Students, Texas A&M University Former President, Texas Medical Association

Jon L. Hagler

Former Director, GMO Former Chairman, Texas A&M Foundation Board of Trustees Former Co-Chair, Texas A&M’s Vision 2020 Planning Initiative Sterling C. Evans Medal, The Texas A&M Foundation Distinguished Alumnus, The Association of Former Students, Texas A&M University Honorary Doctor of Letters, Texas A&M University

Herbert H. Richardson Chancellor Emeritus, The Texas A&M University System Director Emeritus, Texas A&M Transportation Institute University Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University National Academy of Engineering ASME Rufus Oldenburger Medal

Ray Rothrock

Sheila E. Widnall

Institute Professor and Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Former Secretary of the Air Force National Academy of Engineering American Academy of Arts and Sciences American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Former President, AAAS Member, Columbia Accident Investigation Board

Chairman and CEO, RedSeal, Inc. Venrock, Partner Emeritus Forbes Midas List Former Chair, National Venture Capital Association Member, MIT Corporation Vice Chairman, UTIMCO Distinguished Alumnus, The Association of Former Students, Texas A&M University Director, Check Point Software Technology, Ltd. Director, Roku Inc. Trustee, Carnegie Institute of Science Director, Nuclear Threat Initiative

EMERITUS MEMBERS

Ronald L. Skaggs

Professor Emerita, University of Virginia Former Director, Defense Research and Engineering, US Department of Defense National Academy of Engineering Committee Member, Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future Former Vice Chair, National Science Board

Chairman Emeritus and CEO, HKS Inc., Architects/Engineers/Planners President, American Institute of Architects (AIA) Chancellor, AIA College of Fellows Board Chairman and Vice Chair, National Institute of Building Sciences National Academy of Construction Distinguished Alumnus, The Association of Former Students, Texas A&M University

John White

Chairman Emeritus, The Texas A&M University System Board of Regents Trustee, George and Barbara Bush Foundation Former Chairman, Ed Rachal Foundation Former Director, UTIMCO Fellow, American Bar Foundation Inductee, Texas A&M University Corps of Cadets Hall of Honor Fifth Generation Texas Rancher

H. Norman Abramson* Former Executive Vice President, Southwest Research Institute National Academy of Engineering American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) ASME Medal Recipient AIAA Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Award

Anita K. Jones

Linda P. B. Katehi Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University Former Chancellor, Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis National Academy of Engineering American Academy of Arts and Sciences Alexander von Humboldt Research Award

V. Lane Rawlins President Emeritus, University of North Texas Former President, Washington State University Former President, University of Memphis NCAA Board of Directors

*Recently deceased

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CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

STA FF

John L. Junkins

Founding Director University Distinguished Professor Department of Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering

Clifford L. Fry

Associate Director Amanda Scott

Assistant Director

Ed Fry

Deputy Director Associate Department Head for Development Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Arts & Sciences Jörg M. Steiner

Faculty Liaison University Distinguished Professor Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

ADVO CATES Advocates for the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study at Texas A&M champion the institute to anyone who shares an interest in the advancement of Texas A&M. In addition, Advocates identify like-minded prospective donors who may want to help establish a strong financial foundation for the institute’s mission.

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Janice Adams

Antony Jameson

Herbert H. Richardson

Norman R. Augustine

Linda P. B. Katehi

Jess C. (Rick) Rickman III ’70

Miroslav Begovic

Christopher Layne

Mercedes Rodriguez

Jason A. Blackstone ’99

Frank Little

B. Don Russell ’70

Ray M. Bowen ’58

Karin C. Loftin

Stephanie W. Sale

Jean-Louis and Janet Briaud

R. Bowen Loftin

William S. Saric and Helen L. Reed

Bill E. Carter ’69

Carolyn S. Lohman

Jerry S. Cox ’72

George J. Mann

John L. Crompton ’77

William J. Merrell Jr. ’71

Ronald A. DeVore

Richard and Susan Miles

Edward S. Fry

Charles R. Munnerlyn ’62

Ram and Angela Galindo

Alan and Wanda Needleman

J. Rick Giardino

H. Joseph Newton

Melbern G. Glasscock ’59

Gerald R. North

Janet A. Handley ’76

Erle A. Nye ’59

William C. Hearn ’63

Elaine S. and Daniel Oran

Rodney C. Hill

Marcia Ory

M. Cynthia Hipwell

George and Marilyn Pharr

Michael A. Hitt

Thomas W. Powell ’62

Carl F. Jaedicke ’73

J.N. and Aruna Reddy

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

Thomas R. Saving Marlan O. Scully Les E. Shephard ’77 James M. Singleton IV ’66 Ronald L. Skaggs ’65 Michael L. Slack ’73 Christine A. Stanley ’90 Jörg M. Steiner James E. Womack Karen and Mark Wooley Stratos and Maria Zarai-Pistikopoulos

AD MI NI STRATI VE C OU N CI L The Hagler Institute Administrative Council oversees the operation of the institute and reviews its progress. The university’s provost selects the institute’s director.

CHAIR Alan Sams Interim Provost Vice President of Academic Affairs Chief Academic Officer

VICE CHAIR Jack G. Baldauf Vice President for Research Robert B. Ahdieh Dean, School of Law Dean and Anthony G. Buzbee Endowed Dean’s Chair Professor, School of Law John R. August Dean, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Professor, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences José Luis Bermúdez Interim Dean, College of Arts & Sciences Professor, College of Arts & Sciences John W. Crawford Vice President for Finance and Chief Financial Officer Division of Finance Shawn G. Gibbs Dean, School of Public Health Professor, School of Public Health

Dimitris Lagoudas Senior Associate Dean for Research Robert C. “Bud” Hagner Chair of Engineering University Distinguished Professor, College of Engineering Michael A. de Miranda Dean, School of Education & Human Development Professor, School of Education & Human Development Jon Mogford Chief Operating Officer and Senior Vice President Texas A&M Health Fred Nafukho Senior Associate Dean for Faculty Affairs Professor, School of Education and Human Development

Jerry R. Strawser Associate Dean for Graduate Programs Professor, Mays Business School Patrick Suermann Interim Dean, School of Architecture Associate Professor, School of Architecture Tyson Voelkel President and CEO Texas A&M Foundation General (Ret.) Mark A. Welsh III Dean, Bush School of Government & Public Service Edward and Howard Kruse Endowed Chair Executive Professor, Bush School of Government & Public Service

Stratos Pistikopoulos Director, Texas A&M Energy Institute Professor, College of Engineering Kenneth S. Ramos, M.D., Ph.D Associate Vice President for Research, Texas A&M Health Executive Director, Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology Director, Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Alkek Chair of Medical Genetics Professor, School of Medicine

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

N AT IONAL ACADEMY SCH OLA R S ON T HE TEXAS A&M FACU LTY Some Hagler Fellows joined Texas A&M’s faculty after completing their work in the institute.

These scholars are Permanent Members of the Hagler Institute, and they have been catalysts for attracting other academy level scholars to Texas A&M’s faculty. Other academy level scholars on Texas A&M’s faculty are Affiliates of the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study.

Most professors on this list are members in one or more of the congressionally mandated national academies, the National Academy of Engineering, National Academy of Medicine, or National Academy of Sciences. Those in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences are also are listed as Affiliates. Some faculty are members of multiple academies, and some are members of prestigious international academies.

Kyle T. Alfriend College of Engineering

Gilbert Froment College of Engineering

Frances Ligler College of Engineering

B. Don Russell College of Engineering

Robert Ambrose College of Engineering

Yassin A. Hassan College of Engineering

George Ligler College of Engineering

William Sage* School of Law

Leif Andersson* School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences

Dudley R. Herschbach College of Arts & Sciences

Richard Bryant Miles College of Engineering

William S. Saric Emeritus College of Engineering

Regan Bailey College of Agriculture and Life Sciences M. Katherine Banks President Mark A. Barteau College of Engineering Donald J. Darensbourg College of Arts & Sciences Marcetta Darensbourg College of Arts & Sciences Akhil Datta-Gupta College of Engineering Luiz Davidovich* Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Ronald A. DeVore College of Arts & Sciences Nancy W. Dickey School of Medicine Bonnie J. Dunbar College of Engineering Ali Erdemir College of Engineering

M. Cynthia Hipwell College of Engineering Roger Howe* School of Education & Human Development James Hubbard Jr.* College of Engineering Antony Jameson College of Engineering John L. Junkins College of Engineering Linda P.B. Katehi College of Engineering Robert Kennicutt Jr.* College of Arts & Sciences Mladen Kezunovic College of Engineering Panganamala Ramana Kumar College of Engineering David Lee College of Arts & Sciences W. John Lee College of Engineering

Warren “Pete” Miller College of Engineering Alan Needleman* College of Engineering Elaine S. Oran College of Engineering

Marlan O. Scully Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Chanan Singh College of Engineering

Thomas J. Overbye College of Engineering

Vijay Singh College of Agriculture & Life Sciences

Roderic I. Pettigrew School of Engineering Medicine

Robert Skelton* Emeritus College of Engineering

George M. Pharr College of Engineering

Patrick J. Stover College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

Darwin J. Prockop School of Medicine Kenneth S. Ramos Institute of Biosciences and Technology Junuthula N. Reddy College of Engineering Peter Rentzepis College of Engineering Herbert Richardson Emeritus College of Engineering

Edwin “Ned” Thomas* College of Engineering William Unruh* Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering James E. Womack School of Medicine Karen L. Wooley College of Arts & Sciences

*Hagler Institute Permanent Member

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CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

LE GACY SOCI ETY The Legacy Society is composed of former students, faculty, staff, and friends of the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study who have made gifts or made provisions for planned estate gifts to the institute.

ENDOWMENTS AND CASH GIFTS SIGNATURE DONORS $10,000,000 OR MORE Jon L. Hagler ’58 $1,000,000–$9,999,999 Trisha and L.C. “Chaz” Neely ’62 Thomas W. Powell ’62 Eric Yong Xu ’93 $100,000–$999,999 Jerry (’72) and Kay Cox (’02) Foundation Susanne M. and Melbern G. Glasscock ‘59 Mary and Charles H. Gregory ’64 Karin C. and R. Bowen Loftin ’71 Judy and Robert Skelton Bradley L. Worsham ’88 Anthony J. Wood ’90 and Susan D. Wood ’89 $99,999 OR LESS H. Norman Abramson Jean-Louis and Janet Briaud Alan Needleman Katepalli R. Sreenivasan Willard and Anne Levin Foundation

LEGACY PLANNED ESTATE GIFTS Janet Bluemel Walter and Charlotte Buchanan Judy and Clifford Fry ’67 John Gladysz Jon L. Hagler (’58) Foundation Elouise and John L. Junkins Ozden Ochoa Anonymous Christi L. ’98 and Tyson T. Voelkel ’96 Roderick D. Stepp ’59

GRANTS $100,000 The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, Inc. $50,000 Ed Rachal Foundation

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

JU NKI N S R E CE I VES T HE KAY BA I LEY HU TCHI SON AWARD

John L. Junkins was the first individual member of TAMEST to be awarded this honor.

T

he Hagler Institute

founder and Director of the Hagler

for Advanced Study

Institute, with the Kay Bailey

received state-wide

Hutchison Distinguished Service

attention in 2015.

Award. From the TAMEST News

Its success, along with the

bulletin, “Junkins is recognized for

Chancellor’s Research Initiative,

attracting and nurturing top-tier

that provided funds to help attract

research talent in Texas through

academy level scholars to A&M’s

the Hagler Institute for Advanced

faculty, inspired Governor Greg

Study at Texas A&M University.”

Abbott to establish the Governor’s University Research Initiative, which aims to add more academy level faculty to Texas universities.

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The award is presented for exceptional service that advances the goals of TAMEST, and it is bestowed only when current and

The success of the Hagler Institute

past presidents of TAMEST vote

also impressed The Academy of

and deem it deserved. Junkins

Medicine, Engineering & Science of

was the first individual member of

Texas (TAMEST). At its 2022 annual

TAMEST to be awarded this honor.

meeting in June in San Antonio,

In his acceptance remarks, Junkins

TAMEST presented John L. Junkins,

accepted this award on behalf

of the “remarkable team effort of

Junkins thanked John Sharp,

the staff of the Hagler Institute.”

Chancellor of the A&M System, for

TAMEST members are in one or more of the congressionally mandated national academies of medicine, engineering, and science.

The membership represents the most accomplished researchers in those fields in Texas.

the start-up funds for the institute, and Jon Hagler, for the endowment that secured the permanency of the institute. President M. Katherine Banks’ support for the institute has helped advance the impact of the institute on the A&M campus.

Junkins warmly acknowledged

David E. Daniel, the TAMEST

Associate Director Clifford Fry and

president, interviewed Junkins in

Assistant Director Amanda Scott

a special session titled “Attracting

for helping make the institute a

Top-Tier Talent to Texas.” He began

successful venture and, especially,

by telling the audience how

for carrying the load of the institute

difficult it is to recruit academy

when he recently served as Interim

members located in another state,

President of Texas A&M University.

and that the Hagler Institute

Junkins reserved a special thank

has managed to attract 88 such

you for his wife, Elouise, for her

scholars (which is now 102). Junkins

love, support, and inspiration.

explained how only those nominees meeting the highest standards and receiving the highest honors of their profession are approved for recruiting as fellows of the

The Kay Bailey Hutchison Award is the supreme TAMEST tribute to the establishment and accomplishments of the Hagler Institute.

institute. Junkins displayed a collage of pictures of the 88 fellows that the institute has brought to Texas A&M to collaborate on research with its faculty and students by offering them the “mother of all sabbaticals.” He explained that more than 20 percent of the fellows have joined Texas A&M’s faculty upon completing their time in the institute. He also remarked that the fellows, their faculty hosts, and the collaborating graduate students have all enjoyed acceleration of their careers.

The award is a capstone that marks the Hagler Institute’s first decade of success.

In his final comments, Junkins, partially quoting from an old television show, the A-Team, said, “I just love it when a good plan comes together! However, we are just getting warmed up.

We look forward to continued elevation of the reputation of Texas A&M University and academy representation in Texas.”

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

18

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

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HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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A BO UT TH E H AGL E R FE L LOWS

T HE I MPACT The Hagler Institute for Advanced Study is a beacon of excellence that ensures such opportunities by bringing world-class scholars, called fellows, for extensive visits to the Texas A&M campus.

T

20

hat annual influx of talent

Furthermore, the Hagler Institute provides

enriches Texas A&M’s intellectual

two graduate student fellowships per fellow

atmosphere, enhances the

to ensure that A&M’s top students have the

quality of academic programs,

opportunity to team with Hagler Fellows

accelerates solutions to complex research

and their A&M hosts in meaningful research.

problems, and heightens Texas A&M’s

These associations can fundamentally

reputation as a top-tier research university.

enhance students’ career options.

Another hallmark of a great university is that

In their host colleges or schools, fellows often

renowned scholars at other universities want

present lectures that reach a broad audience.

to engage with its faculty and students. The

In addition, the Hagler Institute for Advanced

Hagler Institute has proven an important

Study chooses one fellow each semester to

magnet for such engagements at Texas A&M.

present its public Eminent Scholar Lecture.

During their time on campus, Hagler

Although the institute is not designed

Fellows engage in intense research with

to recruit permanent faculty, the time

Texas A&M’s internationally known senior

in residence gives Hagler Fellows a

faculty and rising-star junior faculty.

valuable look at the opportunities and

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

research facilities of this great institution. During the

Department of Materials Science and Engineering

institute’s first ten years, approximately 22 percent of

(MSEN) with Needleman as its most distinguished

fellows joined Texas A&M’s permanent faculty after

faculty member. He was soon joined by new hires of

completing their time in the institute. Each of these

top professors, including George Pharr, another noted

fellows represent the cream of the crop of potential

researcher and member of the National Academy

faculty additions. Such distinguished faculty in turn

of Engineering. Renowned scientist and engineer

draw other outstanding scholars. Since the Hagler

Edwin “Ned” Thomas later joined the faculty of that

Institute was established eleven years ago, the

department after initially being attracted to the Hagler

university has added 40 new national academy level

Institute for Advanced Study while at Rice University.

faculty. This outstanding talent has helped make

These three highly accomplished individuals were

Texas A&M the first academic institution in Texas

hired into either a Chancellor’s Research Initiative

to exceed $1 billion in external research funding.

(CRI) position or a Governor’s University Research

Within the addition of fellows to engineering faculty lies a unique success story. Alan Needleman, a 2012–13 fellow and one of the world’s most cited scholars, joined Texas A&M’s faculty upon completing his work in the Hagler Institute. The College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Engineering joined forces to form a new

Initiative (GURI) position. Each CRI and GURI position came with two additional faculty positions and startup funds of about $5 million. These three National Academy of Engineering hires were instrumental in advancing the new MSEN department from startup to national and international prominence.

the late CHRISTODOULOS FLOUDAS Princeton University College of Engineering, Energy Institute

ALAN NEEDLEMAN University of North Texas College of Engineering

the late KARL HEDRICK University of California, Berkeley College of Engineering

ROBERT SKELTON University of California, San Diego College of Engineering

the late HAROLD ADAMS RKTL International College of Architecture

ROGER HOWE Yale University School of Education and Human Development

EDWIN “NED” L. THOMAS Rice University College of Engineering

LEIF ANDERSSON Uppsala University, Sweden School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences

JAMES E. HUBBARD JR. University of Maryland College of Engineering

WILLIAM G. UNRUH University of British Columbia, Canada Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering

LUIZ DAVIDOVICH Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering

ROBERT KENNICUTT JR. University of Cambridge, England College of Arts & Sciences

WILLIAM M. SAGE University of Texas at Austin School of Law

13 102 of

SCHOLARS IN THE FIRST ELEVEN CLASSES HAVE CHOSEN TO JOIN TEXAS A&M’S PERMANENT FACULTY

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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A BO UT TH E H AGL E R FE L LOWS

HAGLER FELLOWS’ MEMBERSHIP AND ACCOLADES WHEN INDUCTED INTO THE HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICINE

NOBEL PRIZE

NATIONAL MEDAL OF SCIENCE

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF EDUCATION AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE

NATIONAL HUMANITIES MEDAL

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING

ACADEMY AWARD

INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIES

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WOLF PRIZE

STATE PRIZE OF RUSSIA

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

HUBBELL MEDAL IN LITERARY SCHOLARSHIP

22

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

NATIONAL MEDAL OF TECHNOLOGY

REC RU I TMENT During its first 11 years, the Hagler Institute has brought 102 Hagler Fellows to Texas A&M University.

I

n year 2022, President M. Katherine

Institute five and one-half nominations,

Banks reorganized academics at

plus one additional nomination for every

Texas A&M University in harmony

college chair solely devoted to supporting

with recommendations from a

Hagler Fellows. The partial nominations

study of other major universities. The

are for colleges or schools that divide

term “college” is reserved for the College

their costs of a fellow, who receives a joint

of Engineering, the College of Agriculture

appointment in two academic units.

and Life Sciences, and the new College of Arts and Sciences, which encompasses

The Hagler Institute has also changed the

what was formerly the colleges of

nomination and recruiting schedules to

liberal arts, geosciences, and science.

enable earlier contact with prospective Hagler Fellows. Our nomination period

These colleges are the three

will now open in April and conclude in

largest academic units.

August, allowing the deans and faculty

The other fields are encompassed in

more time to assess whom to nominate.

“Schools”, which applies to architecture,

The Hagler Institute’s Faculty Advisory

the Bush School, business, education,

Board will now complete its evaluations

marine sciences (Galveston), medicine,

of nominees by early December. This new

law, public health, veterinary medicine,

schedule allows the Hagler Institute to

and the new School of Performance,

make its first recruiting calls in December

Visualization & Fine Arts.

and January, three months earlier than

In response to the reorganization, the Hagler

before. This earlier contact period could

Institute revised its procedures. All colleges

improve the acceptance rate of those top

and schools can now submit to the Hagler

scholars who are prospective fellows.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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A BO UT TH E H AGL E R FE L LOWS

Figure 1 shows the number of nominations, the

average of 100. Despite the relatively large numbers

number of nominees approved for recruiting as

of nominees from engineering, the College of

fellows, and the number of fellows recruited by

Engineering was below average in participation due

each academic unit during the institute’s first

to its large faculty size. Architecture, Law, Science,

eleven years. This list shows the academic divisions

and Veterinary Medicine participated above average

prior to the reorganization of 2022. During the first

when nominations are adjusted for key parameters.

11 years, as is the case going forward, all colleges

Figure 2 reflects the new organization of academic

had equal opportunity to nominate. The Colleges

units and shows the number of nominations each

of Science and Engineering took full advantage of

submitted for the 2023-2024 cohort of fellows

their opportunities to nominate. In prior editions of

of the Hagler Institute. The Hagler Institute

Cornerstone, the number of nominees from each

will announce in September 2023 the fellows

college was adjusted for faculty size, and years eligible

that are recruited from these nominees.

to nominate. These results were normalized to an

Figure 1: Number of Nominations and Fellows for the First Eleven Years, FY13-FY23 0

5

10

15

20

25

Figure 2: Number of Nominations for 2023-2024, The New Academic Structure 30

35

40

0

45

AGRICULTURE ARCHITECTURE BUSH SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC SERVICE

2

.5

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

1

3

4

5

5

COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

MAYS BUSINESS SCHOOL

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING MEDICINE

EDUCATION AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ENGINEERING MARINE SCIENCES, GALVESTON

1

BUSH SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC SERVICE

0

MAYS BUSINESS SCHOOL

0

GEOSCIENCES

SCHOOL OF EDUCATION AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

MEDICINE

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

INSTITUTE FOR QUANTUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY AT GALVESTON

LAW

SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

1 5 1 5

INSTITUTE FOR QUANTUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

LIBERAL ARTS PUBLIC HEALTH

1 0

SCHOOL OF LAW

SCIENCE

2

SCHOOL OF PERFORMANCE, VISUALIZATION, & FINE ARTS

VETERINARY MEDICINE

0

SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 0

5

Nominations

24

1

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES

10

15

20

Approved Nominations

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

25

30

35

Appointed Hagler Fellows

40

45

SCHOOL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE & BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES

1.5 0

1

2

3

4

5

HOW FELLOWS ARE SE LE CT E D Texas A&M faculty members nominate candidates to be named as Hagler Fellows. The institute often motivates professors to ask, Who is the most important scholar in my field I might nominate as a fellow?

T

he fields, specialties, and all other aspects of the resulting annual cohort of fellows ultimately depend on faculty members’ desires and each college or school’s emphasis on enhancing its excellence

through the Hagler Institute. The first 11 classes included fellows from 12

“Now in its second

other countries. To promote collaboration, the institute requests that each

decade, the Hagler

Hagler Fellow be in residence from three months to one year, and it offers flexibility in scheduling those visits. Over the last two years, the average fellow was in residence for more than six months over a three-year period.

The institute chooses fellows through a rigorous evaluation process, by: •

Institute continues to bring nationally and internationally prominent scholars to our university.

Hagler Fellows enrich and foster collaboration with

Providing five nomination slots per college and school,

our outstanding faculty

one nomination slot shared by colleges and schools

and students to pursue

•

Providing one nomination slot for each Hagler Institute College Chair

•

Providing one nomination slot per select institutes

•

Inviting all faculty members to confidentially nominate scholars

groundbreaking research.”

they would like to work with, who meet the institute’s standards, and who are approved for recruiting by the college or school’s dean •

Considering for Hagler Fellow appointments only scholars or leaders who have made outstanding achievements in their field, have earned top

Jack G. Baldauf Vice President for Research Texas A&M University

professional awards, are active, and have a record as an excellent mentor •

Relying on a revolving panel of multidisciplinary university distinguished professors to evaluate and decide which confidential nominees will be recruited as fellows

Once a fellow is recruited, the Hagler Institute pays 70 percent of that fellow’s salary and provides two fellowships for graduate students to work with each fellow.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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A BO UT TH E H AGL E R FE L LOWS

HAGLER FELLOWS A N D STU DENT I NSPI R AT I ON A Graduate Student’s Work Gets Media Notoriety

I

t is not every day that a

by Evan MacDonald, Staff Writer, the article

student gets to work with an

points out that, due to the decline in vaccine

excellent medical researcher.

rates during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns,

However, for a year, it was

health providers are now concerned about higher

every day for Tasmiah Nuzhath, a recipient of a HEEP graduate student fellowship from the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study to work with Dr. Peter Hotez, MD, PhD. Dr. Hotez became a fellow of the Hagler Institute in academic year 2019-2020. He is an internationally recognized physician-scientist working on vaccine development and on curing neglected tropical diseases. Dr. Hotez is a member of the National Academy of Medicine, a foreign member of the Belgian Royal Academy of Medicine, and

the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

He has received many honors and awards, and

The Houston Chronicle article utilized a research report for which Ms. Nuzhath was lead author: “Childhood immunization during the COVID- 19 pandemic in Texas” published in the June 2021 edition of the journal Vaccine. Ms. Nuzhath is a PhD student in the School of Public Health at Texas A&M University. She conducted the research with Dr. Hotez, and benefited from the contributions of other co-authors on the paper, four Texas A&M professors in the School of Public Health, Qiping Fan, Brian Colwell, Timothy Callaghan and Annette Regan, as well as Kobi Ajayi from A&M’s Laboratory for Community Health Evaluation and Systems Science and Department of Health and Kinesiology.

in 2017 FORTUNE magazine named him as one

Dr. Hotez chose to serve his time in the Hagler

of 34 leaders who is changing health care.

Institute for Advanced Study over a five-year

The collaboration between Ms. Nuzhath and Dr. Hotez has been a productive one. They conducted a study that was published in a prestigious peer-review journal, which also attracted the attention of the media.

period, during which he collaborates with faculty and students in A&M’s School of Public Health and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. Dr. Hotez, holds the Endowed Chair of Tropical Pediatrics at Texas Children’s Hospital, where he is co-director of the Center for Vaccine

Tasmiah Nuzhath, who served as a student host

Development. He is also a university professor in

in the 2022 Hagler Institute gala, enjoyed that

the departments of pediatrics, molecular virology

media coverage in a September 8, 2022, article

& microbiology at Baylor College of Medicine.

in the Houston Chronicle, titled “As Texas kids return to school, routine vaccination rates still haven’t recovered from the pandemic.” Written

26

risk for outbreaks of diseases like measles.

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

Collaboration with Fellow Opens Doors for Student’s Career

Dominik Doktor, a PhD student

Defense efforts and seeing how technology

in applied physics, received a

can improve the everyday life of our society.

HEEP fellowship from the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study to pursue analyses with 20212022 Hagler Fellow, Dr. Nikolay Zheludev. Mr. Doktor is interested in several areas, including nonlinear optics and spectroscopy, which have applications in biomedical

The HEEP fellowship award has allowed me to work freely on research and concentrate my efforts in becoming a better physicist. The ability to connect with Dr. Nikolay I. Zheludev has been an absolute privilege and one that I will cherish for years to come. Looking forward to all the great work and research that will come out of this collaboration!”

engineering and potentially in early

Dr. Zheludev is professor and deputy director of

diagnoses of disease. Mr. Doktor’s

the Zepler Institute, University of Southampton,

one-year fellowship ended in August

United Kingdom and is co-director of the Photonics

2022, and Mr. Doktor provided the

Institute at Nanyang Technological University in

following information to the Hagler

Singapore. He is an international member of the US

Institute as part of a larger report.

National Academy of Engineering, a fellow of the

“Additionally, I have gained interest in metamaterials; materials that are comprised of small building blocks and can be custom-tailored to achieve specific functions. Their applications for increasing solar cell efficiencies due to their near perfect absorption properties is of very high interest to me, and I foresee myself heading further in that direction with Dr. Nikolay I. Zheludev. In light of this, I have done research

European Physical Society, the Optical Society, the Institute of Physics, The American Physical Society and the Royal Society. Dr. Zheludev is a founding member of the interlinked fields of metamaterials and nanophotonics. He has received many awards, the latest one in October 2022. The Institute of Physics announced that it had chosen Nikolay Zheludev to receive the 2022 Michael Faraday Medal and Prize. Dr. Zheludev, the presenters describe, is a

on wireless power beaming using a laser power

“… pioneer and founding member of the discipline

converter and have published a conference

of nanophotonics. His experimental observations

proceeding at the Wireless in Space and Extreme

and in-depth studies of new phenomena and

Environments 2021 conference on the topic.

functionalities in nanostructured matter are

Being a part of the HEEP fellowship has opened

characterized by an exceptional degree of novelty,

many doors for my career. I have been privileged

breadth and impact; some of them have already

to work closer with the Department of Defense

become classic results laying the foundations for

through the National Security Innovation Network,

nanotechnology enabled photonic functionalities.”

whereby my participation in a hackathon led to

At Texas A&M University, Dr. Zheludev

winning a prize of $15,000 for my efforts in wireless power beaming. Additionally, I was able to secure the Department of Defense prestigious SMART Scholarship and have been accepted as a SMART

collaborates with faculty and students in the College of Arts and Sciences, the College of Engineering, and Texas A&M AgriLife Research.

fellow at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, at Crane, Indiana. Thanks to the HEEP fellowship I have a clear path in my career as a scientist at one of our Naval laboratories support National

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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S ECT IO N T HR E E

TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

PETER HOTEZ Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development National School of Tropical Medicine Baylor College of Medicine School of Public Health College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University Senior Fellow Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs Bush School of Government & Public Service

HAGLER FELLOW, CLASS OF 2019-20

Texas A&M University

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CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

VACCINES IN A TIME OF WAR, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, URBANIZATION, DEFORESTATION, AND CLIMATE CHANGE: A “ONE HEALTH” APPROACH ocial determinants

disinformation campaign of unprecedented

such as poverty,

size and scope. Beyond the excess mortality

political instability,

and unnecessary deaths caused by failed

urbanization, and

vaccine access, delivery, and uptake is the

human migrations,

reality that we still do not understand the

together with

forces that drove the emergence of the

climate change, are

COVID-19 virus in China before it spread

accelerating the

globally. Although we know coronaviruses

rise of catastrophic

exist naturally in bats across East Asia and

infections.

can spill over to other mammals just as they

New vaccines

did when the initial severe acute respiratory

together with a more holistic “One

syndrome (SARS) virus emerged in southern

Health” approach will be required to

China in 2002, we still do not truly understand

combat these emerging diseases. Texas

at a granular level how COVID-19 arose.

A&M University has a big role to play.

These deficiencies in our global COVID-19 The COVID-19 pandemic exposed profound

response are more than abstract concerns.

weaknesses in our global infectious disease

Ultimately, the world paid for them

and vaccine infrastructures and in our ability

through horrific losses in human life and

to detect and prevent emerging infection

destabilization of the global economy and

threats. An estimated 20 million people may

security. Moreover, we are still not done

have lost their lives from COVID-19, with

with it. COVID-19 continues to surge in the

the highest death toll among unvaccinated

United States and globally, and even once it

populations in India. Now, more than two

subsides we should expect that the millions

years into the pandemic, the COVID-19

of people suffering the consequences of

immunization rates in African and other

long COVID will tax our already depleted

low- and middle-income countries remain

health systems for years to come, possible

extremely low, often below 20 percent of

decades. This is in addition to the continued

the population. However, even in the United

sufferings and deprivations of many children,

States, with the world’s greatest access to

adolescents, and young adults who lost their

COVID-19 immunizations, many people needlessly lost their lives to COVID-19 because

parents or caregivers during the pandemic.

they refused to receive a vaccine. During this

We also must recognize how we face

time of COVID-19, antivaccine forces became

additional and serious infectious disease

better organized, funded, and enmeshed in

threats beyond COVID-19. Monkeypox, thought

U.S. politics. Antivaccine activists waged a

previously to occur only on the African

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

31

continent, suddenly emerged in more than a dozen European

FE ATU RE D A RTIC L E S

I N OR D ER TO M A K E S E N S E OF T HESE W I DE - R A N GI N G AND E MER GI N G I N F E CT I O U S D I SEASE P HE N O M E N A , A USE FUL FR A M EWO R K I S T H E ONE HEALT H A P P R OAC H .

and North American countries in 2022, as did significant numbers of cases of severe pediatric hepatitis thought possibly due to an adenovirus. Moreover, those infections emerged on a landscape of high-prevalence global infections such as HIV/ AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and debilitating parasitic and related infections collectively known as the neglected tropical diseases.

ONE HEALTH AND THE ANTHROPOCENE EPOCH To make sense of these wide-ranging and emerging infectious disease phenomena, a useful framework is the One Health approach. That term has many definitions, but most invoke exploring public health beyond the typical human disease model, recognizing how animals and environmental factors such as climate change, biodiversity, and agricultural practices influence the propagation of illness, especially infections. One Health is central to understanding the emergence of the COVID-19 and Ebola viruses in bats before their spillover to humans, or many parasitic infections such as Asian schistosomiasis from water buffalo, or toxocariasis and toxoplasmosis from cats.

In my 2021 book, Preventing the Next Pandemic: Vaccine

Deforestation

Diplomacy in a Time of Anti-Science (Johns Hopkins University Press), I explore One Health even more broadly around the concept of the Anthropocene and with it new social determinants or accelerants of disease such as poverty,

Conflict and Political Destabilization

urbanization, and conflict or political collapse (Fig. 1).

Poverty

Urbanization and Human Migrations

In a nutshell, the Anthropocene is a new (although still controversial framing) of how humans have altered our planet. If we examine the big geological epochs, the Holocene is our most recent, beginning at the close of the ice age more than 10,000

Climate Change

years ago and coinciding with the evolution of modern human civilization. Proponents of the concept of the Anthropocene argue how the Holocene is giving way to something new from accelerated human activity. Humans have produced dramatic environmental shifts in recent centuries through the rise and spread of agriculture and with it deforestation, urbanization, concentrated population growth, conflict, poverty,

Fig 1. The major forces arising out of the Anthropocene now promoting the emergence of catastrophic illness.

Top: Geological epochs over the last 5 million years.

Bottom: The specific forces of the Anthropocene.

and other social factors. In so doing, we may have generated our own new geological epoch. Beyond climate change, with elevations in carbon dioxide and methane linked to rising temperatures are the human-induced geochemical signatures of the Anthropocene that include a rise in soil elements such as phosphorous and nitrogen from fertilizer use, lead from firearms, and new radionuclides from atomic and hydrogen bomb testing, just to name some. Those changes also coincide with significant losses or extinctions in animal and plant species.

The constellation of Anthropocene changes also now generates or accelerates catastrophic infectious and tropical diseases.

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CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

FROM THE MIDDLE EAST TO VENEZUELA TO TEXAS

the rise of infectious and tropical

lack of adequate housing and

diseases. The socioeconomic

sanitation, especially along the

Examples of Anthropocene-

collapse of the Maduro regime

border with Mexico, as well as

associated changes were evident

in Venezuela halted vaccination

in our large urban areas. Texas

before the COVID-19 pandemic.

campaigns, leading to the return

hosts some of the fastest-growing

On the Arabian Peninsula, the

of measles. As people and groups

cities nationally, and that rapid

ISIS occupations in Syria and Iraq

fled the country across the border

population growth sometimes

beginning in 2014, together with

into the Brazilian rainforest, they

outstrips urban infrastructures

civil conflicts in Syria and Yemen,

came into contact with indigenous

needed to maintain healthy

interrupted childhood vaccinations

groups such as the Yanomami

communities. Texas and adjoining

and insect control programs.

to cause devastating measles

Gulf Coast regions also are

The former led to the return of

epidemics among that population.

affected by climate change–

child illnesses such as measles

Possibly, the same was true for

induced warming temperatures

and even polio, whereas halting

the Wayuu indigenous people in

and altered rainfall patterns that

insecticidal measures fueled the

the La Guajira, near Colombia’s

promote mosquito habitats,

return of a disfiguring neglected

border with Venezuela. Also the

giving rise to dengue and Zika

tropical disease of the skin known

economic downturns in Venezuela

virus infections in Southeast Texas

as leishmaniasis, which the locals

forced many people to seek

and West Nile virus infections

referred to as the “Aleppo evil.”

employment in the gold mining

across the state. Others point out

However, other factors entered into

industry in Venezuela, causing

how impoverished communities

that mix, including unprecedented

them to sleep without bed nets

are disproportionately located in

high temperatures and drought

and exposed to malaria-carrying

climate-vulnerable areas where

that disrupted agriculture in

mosquitoes. The rate of insect-

catastrophic weather events are

the region and stimulated

transmitted infections such as

more common. Texas is now the

human urban migrations into

malaria, dengue, and Chagas

epicenter for tropical infections

Aleppo and elsewhere. That also

disease, also known as American

in the United States, a major

added instability to the region,

trypanosomiasis, rose significantly.

consideration when we decided

as well as urban epidemics.

More subtle examples can

Venezuela represents another area

be found in our state of Texas

where the Anthropocene forces of

(Fig. 2). An estimated 5 million

political instability, climate change,

Texans live in poverty, a major

and human migrations promoted

driver of infection because of

to establish our National School of Tropical Medicine at the Texas Medical Center in Houston. The tropical infections include the mosquito-transmitted viruses just mentioned as well as parasitic

Fig 2. Approximate geographic distribution of the major Texas neglected tropical diseases (NTDs).

WNV

The major diseases include the vector-borne NTDs

WNV Leishmaniasis

(blue) located in South Texas, Gulf Coastal Texas, North Central Texas, the Panhandle, and West

WNV

Texas, as well as non–vector-borne NTDs (green) that concentrate in the three urban areas that NCC Toxocariasis Trichomonas

WNV Dengue Murine Typhus

constitute the “Texas triangle” of Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio. NCC, neurocysticercosis; WNV, West Nile virus.

Chagas disease Dengue, Zika Chikungunya Murine

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

33

FE ATU RE D A RTIC L E S

Fig. 3. Global Toxocara Seroprevalence.

infections such as Chagas disease,

Similar forces of urbanization and

low-income neighborhoods where

toxocariasis, and a bacterial infection

human encroachment on animal

dogs and cats are not routinely

known as murine typhus. Still

habitats probably promoted the

dewormed and where kids come

another factor is the observation

emergence of both SARS and

into contact with soil or playground

that Texas has become a major

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in China,

sandboxes contaminated with dog

center for antivaccine activism with

while antivaccine activism slowed

and cat waste. Such children can

the formation of an antivaccine

or halted COVID-19 acceptance

experience asthma, epilepsy, or

political action committee to drive

in the United States and later

developmental delays. Scientists

down childhood immunization rates.

Canada, Western Europe, and

at our National School of Tropical

Texas is arguably the birthplace

possibly even in low- and middle-

Medicine have found high rates of

of the politically motivated yet

income countries. COVID-19 was

toxocariasis in both urban and rural

self-defeating health freedom

not so much an extraordinary

areas of the United States because

movement that caused so many

event as it was more of a capstone

they have many of the neglected

to lose their lives from COVID-19

on top of rising disease seen in

tropical diseases listed above.

vaccine refusal and defiance.

the Middle East, Central South

Similar forces of urbanization and human encroachment on animal

Texas as a result of similar social

VACCINES AND VACCINE DIPLOMACY

and physical determinants.

Vaccines are not the only solution for

emergence of both SARS and

We should expect that COVID-19

but they represent the most

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in China,

won’t be the last coronavirus with

effective and outcome-changing

while antivaccine activism slowed

pandemic potential, and as I often

disease-fighting technologies. In

or halted COVID-19 acceptance

point out in my radio, podcast,

our recent human history we have

in the United States and later

and TV interviews, we should

depended on human ingenuity to

Canada, Western Europe, and

anticipate COVID-26 or COVID-32

shape new vaccines to immunize

possibly even in low- and middle-

as possible examples of things to

our way out of COVID-19, Ebola, polio,

income countries. COVID-19 was

come. Moreover, not every illness

pertussis, and smallpox. In 2020,

not so much an extraordinary

arising in the Anthropocene era

our Texas Children’s Hospital Center

even as it was more of a capstone

has to be as dramatic as COVID-19

vaccine center developed and tested

on top of rising disease seen in

or monkeypox. Fig. 3 shows a

a new recombinant protein vaccine

the Middle East, Central South

map of a parasitic worm infection

for COVID-19 that was licensed

America, and even places such as

transmitted to humans from dogs

patent-free to vaccine producers in

Texas as a result of similar social

and cats, known as toxocariasis. The

India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, and

and physical determinants.

disease is especially common in

Botswana. In India, a major vaccine

habitats probably promoted the

34

America, and even places such as

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

countering catastrophic infections,

manufacturer, Biological E, scaled up production of that vaccine, known

BIBLIOGRAPHY

as Corbevax, which has now gone into the arms of more than 74 million

Hotez PJ. Preventing the Next Pandemic: Vaccine Diplomacy in a Time of Anti-Science, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2021.

school-aged children. The partnership between a Texas academic research institution and a local vaccine producer in a nation such as India is proof of concept that new vaccines can be developed and deployed without relying on multinational pharmaceutical companies.

On that basis, our vaccine group has been advocating for reducing our reliance on the such companies as a means to promote vaccine equity.

Doing so might help us avoid future inequalities during pandemics.

Corbevax further represents a new U.S.–India victory in vaccine diplomacy between nations. The concept of vaccine diplomacy arose during the Cold War in the 1950s, when the United States and Soviet Union first collaborated to develop and test the oral polio vaccine now resulting in global eradication of that disease. However, we need other vaccine diplomacy victories, and in my role as U.S. Science Envoy for the State Department and for the White House under President Obama, I worked to build joint vaccine collaborations with Middle East and North Africa research institutions during a period of great geopolitical strife in 2015–16. We are now doing something similar through Corbevax with India and other countries. However, continued success on that front will require even more collaborations.

We need to expand our scientific collaborations with chemical and biomedical engineers to create new vaccine technologies while doing the same with the veterinary scientists because veterinary vaccines have great potential to halt the transmission of zoonotic diseases from animals to humans. One day we might develop suitable vaccines for bats to stop the spread of coronaviruses, Ebola virus, or Nipah virus to other animals or humans, or vaccines to arrest the spread of avian influenza. Still another critical aspect is to combat the spread of antivaccine activism and disinformation. This also represents a new frontier in vaccine

Hotez P. Communicating science and protecting scientists in a time of political instability. Trends Mol. Med. 2022 Mar;28(3):173–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. molmed.2022.01.001. Epub 2022 Jan 18. PMID: 35063364; PMCID: PMC8764593.

Hotez PJ, Bottazzi ME. Whole Inactivated Virus and Protein-Based COVID-19 Vaccines. Annu. Rev. Med. 2022 Jan 27;73:55–64. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurevmed-042420-113212. Epub 2021 Oct 12. PMID: 34637324.

Hotez PJ, Narayan KMV. Restoring Vaccine Diplomacy.

JAMA 2021 Jun 15;325(23):2337–2338. https://doi. org/10.1001/jama.2021.7439. PMID: 34047758.

Hotez PJ, Nuzhath T, Colwell B. Combating vaccine hesitancy and other 21st century social determinants in the global fight against measles. Curr. Opin. Virol. 2020 Apr;41:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2020.01.001.

Epub 2020 Feb 26. PMID: 32113136.

Hotez PJ. Neglected Tropical Diseases in the Anthropocene: The Cases of Zika, Ebola, and Other Infections. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2016;10(4):e0004648. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004648.

Hotez PJ. The rise of neglected tropical diseases in the “new Texas.” PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2018;12(1):e0005581. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005581.

Barry MA, Versteeg L, Wang Q, Pollet J, Zhan B, Gusovsky F, Bottazzi ME, Hotez PJ, Jones KM. A therapeutic vaccine prototype induces protective immunity and reduces cardiac fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2019 May 30;13(5):e0007413. https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007413. PMID: 31145733; PMCID: PMC6542517.

Nuzhath T, Ajayi KV, Fan Q, Hotez P, Colwell B, Callaghan T, Regan AK. Childhood immunization during the COVID-19 pandemic in Texas. Vaccine 2021 Jun 8;39(25):3333–3337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. vaccine.2021.04.050. Epub 2021 Apr 27. PMID: 34020814; PMCID: PMC8078904.

Rostami A, Riahi SM, Holland CV, Taghipour A, KhaliliFomeshi M, Fakhri Y, Omrani VF, Hotez PJ, Gasser RB. Seroprevalence estimates for toxocariasis in people worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2019 Dec 19;13(12):e0007809. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007809. PMID: 31856156; PMCID: PMC6922318.

science. Ultimately, combating antivaccine or antiscience aggression might save almost as many lives as developing new vaccines.

COLLABORATORS

A NEW ROLE FOR TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY?

Brian Colwell, PhD, MS Director of Program on Global Health Research and Professor, Texas A&M School of Public Health

Among the blessings of Texas A&M University are not only schools of human health sciences and public health but also great colleges of engineering and veterinary medicine and biomedical sciences to build the next generation One Health or Anthropocene vaccines. Meanwhile, we have learned how social determinants drive disease, and we need our experts in politics, urbanization, poverty, communications, and the medical humanities to become engaged in that dialog. Those experts also can help us combat dangerous (and now deadly) antivaccine and antiscience activism. We need the Texas A&M College of Arts and Sciences to explain how climate change contributes to rising disease patterns. In that sense, Texas A&M University is uniquely positioned to address the challenges of the Anthropocene and its illnesses. Texas A&M University already is a national treasure, but now it is poised to become

Rebecca Fischer, PhD, MPH, DTMH Assistant Professor, Texas A&M School of Public Health Tasmiah Nuzhath, DrPH Candidate Texas A&M School of Public Health Gerald W. Parker Jr., DVM, PhD Associate Dean, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences Allison Rice-Ficht PhD Regent Professor Senior Associate Dean for Research, Medicine Director of the Center for Microencapsulation and Drug Delivery Ramesh Vemulapalli PhD, MVSc Professor and Head, Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences

a vital link in stopping the public health, economic, and geopolitical devastation caused by current and future pandemic threats.

35

TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

HENRY ROUSSO Directeur de Recherche Émérite French National Centre for Scientific Research

HAGLER FELLOW, CLASS OF 2019-20

Paris, France

36 © Natacha Nisic

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

THE FRENCH MUSEUM AND MEMORIAL OF TERRORISM:

EXPOSING TERROR, PAYING TRIBUTE TO VICTIMS

O

© GIP-MMT/ Rachid Azizi

T HE MUSEUM A N D MEMORI AL O F T ERRORI SM C OV E R S ALL T HE ACTS O F T ERRORI SM TH AT HAVE ST RUC K FRANCE I N A G LO B A L CONT EXT OV E R TH E PAST FI FT Y Y E A R S .

n September

Union, at Versailles Castle, a first Cultural

19, 2018, a few

and Scientific Program was presented.

years after the

That program defines the parameters

Islamist attacks

of the future museum, as is the custom

perpetrated in

for most French museums. Construction

Toulouse and

is scheduled to begin in Spring 2023.

Montauban

(2012), Paris (2015), and Nice (2016), French President Emmanuel Macron announced

Macron’s announcement caused little controversy. That is noteworthy because the issue of terrorism, its causes, its effects,

the creation of a Museum and Memorial

the reactions it provokes, and how to deal

of Terrorism (MMT), responding to a

with it are usually the subject of heated

wish of the victims. In February 2019,

discussions. However, despite a polarized

he appointed me to head a project to

political and social context, the news

design this future place of memory and

raised few negative reactions. France

history. In March 2020, a first draft was

pays a great deal of attention to the issue

submitted to the government. On March

of memory and the need to preserve

11, 2022, during the meeting of the heads

public and visible traces of the past. For

of state or government of the European

example, no fewer than fifteen annual

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

37

FE ATU RE D A RTIC L E S

national days commemorate historical events. Those commemorations are relatively recent, with almost all having been created since the beginning of the 1990s. That’s when France—like other countries, including the United States—began to give greater prominence to the memory of the victims of major disasters, in particular the Holocaust. These recent commemorations are exclusively dedicated to the memory of violent episodes: World War I, World War II, and the wars of decolonization, genocide, slavery, or even terrorism, which has been the subject of a specific day since 2019. The commemorations are part of a broader system of public policies of recognition and reparation for these events’ victims or their descendants.

The creation of the MMT was decided in this context. The idea of such a place is all but new, but the French project has its own particularities. For instance, the United States has many memorials dedicated to victims of terrorist attacks as well as three major memorial museums dedicated to acts of terrorism. The museums are not only sites of remembrance and commemoration, built on the very sites of the events, but also Oklahoma City National Memorial and Museum

access points to promote a better understanding of these events:

© Kit Leong / Shutterstock.com

•

The Oklahoma City National Memorial and Museum, the first of its kind, inaugurated in February 2001, and recalling the 1995 supremacist attack on a federal building that killed 168 people and injured nearly 850.

•

The National September 11 Memorial and Museum, in New York, on the 2001 Islamist attacks that killed nearly 3,000 people, whose memorial opened in 2011 and museum in 2014.

• National September 11 Memorial and Museum

The 9/11 Tribute Museum, also in New York, designed by victims’ associations in 2006, but recently closed.

© Francois Roux / Shutterstock.com

Countless memorials around the world are dedicated to the victims of terrorism because the phenomenon has spared no country. However, fewer than a dozen in total have taken as their main topic an act of terrorism or terrorism in general. To the three U.S. memorial museums, one can add: •

The Museo per la Memoria di Ustica, near Bologna (Italy), commemorates and exhibits traces of an unsolved attack on the Bologna–Palermo flight on June 27,

Museo per la Memoria di Ustica

1980, that killed 81 people, opened in 2007.

© Palickap, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

•

The 22 Juli-Senteret (Center) in Oslo (Norway) as well as the various memorials and exhibition spaces erected on the island of Utøya, in honor of the victims of the far-right attack of July 22, 2011, which killed 77 people and injured at least 172, opened in 2015.

38

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

•

The Lugar de la Memoria, la Tolerancia y la Inclusión Social, in Lima, Peru, inaugurated in December 2015, commemorating the victims and displaying the history of the guerrilla war between the government and the far-left Shining Path group.

•

The Centro Memorial de las Víctimas del Terrorismo, in VitoriaGasteiz, capital of the Spanish Basque Country, dedicated to all victims of terrorism in Spain, especially of Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) or affecting Spaniards, more than 850 dead and nearly 5,000 wounded, opened in 2021.

•

Centro Memorial de las Víctimas del Terrorismo Wikimedia Commons

The French MMT, scheduled to open in Suresnes, near Paris, in 2027, will consider the more than 4,300 attacks of all origins that have taken place in France since the early 1970s. Those terrorist acts killed nearly 450 people of all nationalities and caused several thousand physical and psychological injuries. The MMT also will consider the memory of more than 300 French citizens who died in attacks abroad.

In comparison with other museums, the French project has several ambitions. It addresses terrorism in general, as a process, by evoking not only the attacks, criminal organizations, and victims but also the immediate or long-term reactions—whether political, military, judiciary or cultural—because terrorism affects all components of a society. The MTT addresses all forms of terrorism as well because France has been affected by acts with ideological (extreme left or extreme right), irredentist (for example, in Corsica), or religious (mainly radical Islam) motivations. Finally, the French museum deals both with the situation in France, essentially since the end of the 1960s, and with what has happened in recent decades on a global scale.

Such a project, which aims to create a new museum of history and society relatively soon, has raised many pitfalls. I will leave aside here the purely financial and administrative issues, except to point out that this is a project entirely supported by the state and financed almost entirely by public funds, which is common in France. That does not mean that the government intervenes in the museum’s content but rather that the project has a national or even universal dimension because most of the museums mentioned above are involved. The team I have set up works with a Scientific and Cultural Council, composed of experts and researchers, and with an advisory committee (Observatoire d’orientation) that includes all the French associations of victims of terrorism, local and religious representatives, and heads of other museums of terrorism in the world.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

39

FE ATU RE D A RTIC L E S

The main issue that arose was

opinion. The November 13, 2015,

its causes, and consequences,

that a museum must present

attacks in Paris as well as against

or on the trauma caused to

collections, authentic objects of

the concert hall of the Bataclan, the

victims: history, sociology,

various kinds with an aesthetic,

Stade de France, and several cafés

political science, anthropology,

scientific, or historical value. At

in the capital killed 131 people and

psychology, or neurosciences.

least, that is a relatively traditional

injured more than 500. That trial

conception of the museum,

ended in June 2022 after almost

especially in France, where often

a year of hearings—one of the

the collection precedes the place

largest trials ever held in France,

that will house it. For the MMT, we

with 2,500 civil parties. Similarly,

did the opposite. We considered

the trial for the Nice attack of July

that a memorial commemorating

14, 2016, which killed 86 people and

the victims of terrorism, the main

injured more than 450, lasted from

motivation, would not adequately

September to December 2022.

explain a complex phenomenon

have an exceptional site located on Mont-Valérien, a hill west of Paris, near the Bois de Boulogne. It is a former open-air school, built in the 1930s by two famous French architects, Eugène Baudouin and Marcel Lods, for young children in poor health. That building, now

However, collecting that judicial

a historical monument, will be

evidence has raised unprecedented

rehabilitated to house the future

problems. This is the first time

MMT. It is located a quarter mile

that a museum in France has

from the Mémorial de la France

used so many objects initially

combattante, the most famous

intended for justice but that

site of memory dedicated to the

will become, once collected by

French Resistance of World War

the MMT, elements of national

II, and a quarter mile from the

heritage—a totally different status.

Suresnes American Cemetery,

To be credible as a museum, we

No legal text has provided for

which houses the graves of soldiers

had to find original collections.

such a transformation. The MMT

who fell in France during both

Unlike other countries, France has

therefore had to think about the

world wars. No better symbol could

had many trials for terrorist attacks,

possibility of changing existing

place the Museum and Memorial

especially in recent years. Thus, we

laws regarding those items.

of Terrorism in a historical context.

The MMT also collects objects that

Much more information on the

belonged to victims, testimonies,

project is available on our website:

archival images, photos, and

https://musee-memorial-terrorisme.

works of art. For example, the

fr/en.

that affects everyone while remaining poorly known. It also was necessary to build at the same place a great museum of history and society, modeled after U.S. museums and memorials, but emphasizing the specificities of the French case in a global context.

came up with the idea of collecting judicial evidence used in trials for cases that have been definitively closed. That evidence includes weapons, telephones, typewriters or computers, propaganda leaflets, images posted on social media networks, and interrogation recordings. The January 2015 Islamist attacks in Paris against the newspaper Charlie-Hebdo, a

40

Finally, the project was lucky to

MMT has acquired a collection of posters from the Bataclan, dating from the 1970s, which have been transformed into original artworks by about 100 artists in reference to the attack of November 13, 2015.

kosher supermarket, and police

Those collections should be used

officers left 17 dead and more than

also for scientific research. The

11 injured. The trial was held in

MMT plans to be a crossroads for all

2020 and strongly affected public

disciplines that work on terrorism,

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

Garbage This garbage was found near Paris during the investigation after an attack on September 6, 1986, at the Paris City Hall, by a commando of the Hezbollah, the Lebanese movement supported by the Islamic Republic of Iran. It is one of the fourteen attacks perpetrated by this movement in France, primarily in Paris, from December 1985 to September 1986, in retaliation for France’s support of Iraq. The garbage was supposed to carry a bomb.

Cockpit piece This is an item among many other traces found in the Ténéré desert, in South Central Sahara, after the attack of the UTA BrazzavilleParis flight, on September 19, 1989, which exploded killing 170 people, including 54 French citizen. The attack was perpetrated by Libyan authorities, possibly in retaliation of the role of France, which prevents (with the United States), the invasion of Chad a few months before. All the traces have been collected by Guillaume Denoix de Saint Marc, son of a victim, who gave them recently to the Museum and Memorial.

Map of the Paris Subway This map shows the schedule of the 25 July 1995 attack on the RER, the express subway of Paris.

It was perpetrated by the Armed Islamic Group (GIA), which committed a series of attacks in 1994 and 1995, in France, in the context of the Algerian civil war, known as the “Black Decade”.

It killed 8 people and injured more than117.

Gun This semi-automatic Beretta was used by a commando of the FNLC, a terrorist group claiming the independence of Corsica, to kill the Prefect – the representative of the State in French regions – Claude Érignac, on February 6, 1998, in Ajaccio. The gun belonged to the gendarmerie.

Merah’s books Books found at Mohamed Merah’s home, a French terrorist affiliated to Al-Qaeda, who perpetrated a series of massacres in March 11-19, 2012, in Montauban and Toulouse, killing 7 people, including Jewish children, and injured at least 6 people. One book is about light weapons, the other one is a monograph on Al-Qaeda by a famous French historian, and the last one is a biography of a French anarchist.

Posters After the attack on the Bataclan, on November 13, 2015, Jacques Fivel, a French artist, asked to almost a hundred of other artists to pay a tribute to the victims. He gave to each of them an original poster from the 70’s, edited by the concert hall, and let them transform it. These are two examples.

Photos © MMT

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

41

WILLIAM G. UNRUH Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Texas A&M University CIfAR Cosmology and Gravity Program Department of Physics

HAGLER FELLOW, CLASS OF 2018-19

The University of British Columbia

ANALOGIES, BLACK HOLES, AND FLUID FLOW

I

n 1972, as a postdoc in London,

the distant professor. If, however, the student

I was asked to give a

shouted after passing that surface, the

colloquium on black holes in

sound waves would be swept back over the

the physics department at

waterfall by the flow faster than they could

Oxford. I tried to get across

travel outward, and no sound would reach

the ideas about some of the

the professor. And if the student yelled “help”

essential features of black holes

when going through that surface, the yell

to an audience of physicists

would be bass-shifted (the frequency would

that largely had no idea what

rapidly become lower and lower) because the

black holes were. Black holes had been a small

sound would then take longer and longer to

sideline of a 57-year-old theory that almost

travel away from that surface of the waterfall,

nobody had learned about in their physics

since the outward speed of the sound wave

careers, namely, Einstein’s theory of gravity,

would be closer and closer to the velocity of

or general relativity. Black holes had been

the water dragging it over the waterfall.

named about five years earlier by my former adviser, John Wheeler. The analogy I came up

That analogy accurately represents the

with was to have the audience imagine sound

behavior of light near a black hole. The

waves in the presence of a very high waterfall,

effective outward velocity of the light, as seen

in which, at some place in the flow, the

from far away, gets smaller and smaller the

velocity of water over the falls was faster than

closer the light is to what is called the event

the velocity of sound in the water. I had them

horizon of the black hole. That horizon is

imagine fish physicists who were studying

the equivalent of the surface in the waterfall

this phenomenon. If a graduate fish student,

where the inward flow speed of the water

swept by the current over the waterfall,

is equal to the speed of sound. If light is

yelled for help while outside that transsonic

emitted just at the horizon of the black hole,

surface, the sound waves would travel out to

the effective velocity goes to zero, and it

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

43

FE ATU RE D A RTIC L E S

“ I S P E N T A S U BSTA N T I A L FRACTION OF MY TIME TRY IN G TO U N DE R STA N D H AW K I N G’ S RES U LT ON A MORE IN TU ITIV E LEV EL.”

FIG. 1: An imaginary

never gets out to a point far away because

zero). I spent a substantial fraction of my

its effective outward velocity goes to zero.

time trying to understand Hawking’s result

Whereas for sound waves and the waterfall

on a more intuitive level. Where were

this effect occurs because of the inflow of

those thermal particles coming from, and

the water, for black holes it is because of the

how were they being created? Hawking’s

changing geometry of space and time.

calculations were not of help because they made some highly unphysical assumptions.

experiment carried out by physicist fish in a waterfall that

While teaching a course on fluid mechanics

goes supersonic

in 1980 at University of British Columbia, my

at the red line (the

mind went back to that 1972 colloquium

horizon). The green circles are sound

and I decided to do some more detailed

waves traveling

calculations. What I discovered was that at

away from the fish at various times—well

low frequencies of sound (frequencies such

outside the horizon,

that the wavelengths of the sound waves were

at the horizon, and

longer than the distance between molecules

inside the horizon.

of the fluid), the equations describing the An important aspect shared by both black

sound waves were the same as the equations

holes and the sonic analogy is that for a

for the matter that Hawking had assumed in

fish being swept along with the water, the

his calculations. Thus, one should be able to

trip through the horizon would be nothing

use his calculations also for sound waves in the

unusual (Fig. 1). For such a fish, the physics

presence of such a waterfall where the velocity

of the surrounding fluid would be the same

of the fluid becomes greater than the velocity

as anywhere else on its journey. While doing

of sound.2 I called such black hole analogues

experiments, such an observer would notice

“dumb holes”, from the meaning of dumb of

nothing that would in any way single out the

“being unable to speak.” For some reason that

time at which he went through the horizon.

nomenclature has not caught on, perhaps

That also is true for an observer falling

because of other meanings of the word dumb.)

through the event horizon of a black hole.

44

Such dumb holes thus should also have

In 1974,1 Stephen Hawking made his most

a temperature, proportional to the rate of

famous prediction: black holes were not

change of the velocity of fluid at that “sonic

actually black, but, due to a quantum effect

horizon.” That analogy’s accuracy not only

near the horizon, they actually emitted thermal

opened up the possibility of understanding

radiation with a temperature proportional to

Hawking’s prediction more deeply, but

the inverse mass of the black hole (the larger

also raised the possibility of doing tabletop

the mass, the lower the temperature, so that

experiments in which one could see the

for a solar mass black hole, the temperature

thermal effect of such horizons in the lab.

would be about 10−5 degrees above absolute

The temperatures associated with fluid-flows

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

that exceed the velocity of sound in the fluid

water flume using surface waves, rather than

at some point, are extremely low (certainly

sound waves, in the water (Fig 2). Although

much lower than 1 degree above absolute

one could not hope to directly see the

zero). Thus, for an experiment one would

quantum emission of horizons, one could

need fluids that remained liquid at very low

test that the mathematics of waves near

temperatures. Liquid helium (lHe) is one,

the horizon corresponded to the theoretical

but the pressures needed to force liquid

models of them. Using surface waves was

to go supersonic turned out to be higher

helpful because the velocity of such waves

than the pressures needed to solidify lHe.

is on the order of centimeters to meters per

That leaves Bose–Einstein condensates

second, rather than kilometers per second

(BECs), which are both very cold (the limit

for sound waves in water. Making a water

achieved in labs is about 10

−12

K one million -

millionth of a degree) and are very rarefied gases, in which the velocity of sound is on the order of millimeters per second.

flow exceed the velocity of those waves is clearly easier than for sound waves.

Between 2015 and now, Jeff Steinhauer, from Technion University in Israel, performed

In the 1990s, a variety of physics research

experiments4 using sound waves in a BEC

groups around the world began to think

fluid of size about 0.1 mm long and 0.001 mm

of ways of testing that prediction for

thick held in place by laser beams. In this

“analog black holes” (I still prefer the more

“string” of BEC, he created a “waterfall” by

euphonious “dumb holes,” however). A group

using the “optical tweezers” effect (attracting

at UBC,3 led by my postdoc Silke Weinfurtner

the BEC with an appropriately colored

and me, performed some experiments in a

laser light) and looked at the correlation of

FIG. 2: A sketch of the flume, with a pump (7) to take the water from the right holding tank (6) into the long flume, with an airplane wing–shaped obstacle (3) that accelerates the water going over it. On the right (4) is a motor dipping a mesh into the water to generate waves going toward the obstacle. This models the time-reverse of a black hole since the surface wave cannot get into the region above the obstacle because of high velocity of the water over the obstacle, which is the time inverse of a black hole, where the waves cannot get out of the black hole. The physics is, however, the same in both cases.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

45

different from place to place and from FE ATU RE D A RTIC L E S

time to time. It could have value 0, or any other value. Due to its quantum nature, when it interacts with other matter, it can behave discretely, as though it were a particle, rather than continuously as one might expect a field to behave. This field type description applies to all types of matter, whether light, or electrons, or protons, or quarks. The particle type © Jeff Steinhauer

FIG. 3: Two figures from Steinhauer’s paper.4

nature of matter is an epiphenomenon which manifests itself in interactions.

The first is the density–density correlation function.

In quantum field theory, which is what

Although very noisy, the diagonal line pointing to

we now believe describes all matter, the

the top left (emphasized in green in the diagram) is the anticorrelation of the density of the Bose–

particle nature of the fields manifests

Einstein condensate, which one would expect

itself when describing the interactions

if there was entanglement between the sound

between the field of interest and other

waves traveling to left inside the dumb hole, and those traveling to the right outside the dumb hole.

matter. Particles are not fundamental

The lower graph is a detailed cross section of that

but are instead epiphenomena

correlation, with the dotted line representing the cross section one would expect if the emission were thermal.

arising from such interactions.

A fundamental aspect of such a quantum field theory is configuration called the

the density fluctuations in the BEC caused by the sound horizon (Fig 3).

Although his results were noisy (gave different values from one attempt to the other), by repeating the experiment thousands of times, he showed that they were consistent both with the horizon having the appropriate temperature, and with the quantum entanglement (quantum correlations) of the sound waves on the two sides of the horizon. This entanglement was a feature that Hawking and I had predicted for black hole as well.

46

vacuum state, often taken to be the state of the field with the lowest possible energy. It is often characterized as the state with no particles of the field present, or a state with zero temperature.

Intuitively one regards this state as one in which another object placed in a region where the field was in that state, that object would be unaffected by the field. However, in the 1976 paper I wrote, I showed that that field in its vacuum state could affect the object if the object were accelerated. While the field would not affect an object at rest or in uniform motion, it would effect an accelerated

In a paper I published in 1976,5 in which

object exactly as if the field was a bath of

I examined the Hawking effect, I also

particles with a temperature proportional

predicted that an accelerated observer

to its acceleration. Accelerating an object

would see the vacuum (apparent

makes it behave as though the world

nothingness) as hot. Since the 1930s,

around it was hot. Because of the small

all matter is described by quantum

vlaue of Planck’s constant (the constant

field theory rather than by particles.

that sets the scale of quantum effects),

A field is something that has a value

one would need an acceleration of 1022 cm/

at every point in space, which can be

s2 (1019 times the acceleration of gravity on

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FIG. 4: The geometry of the proposed experiment to measure acceleration temperature. The “dinner plate” toward the right is a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) about 0.1 mm wide and 0.001 mm thick. The laser beam comes from the left and is converted to two beams with frequencies straddling a resonance of the BEC atoms. The beam rotator causes the two coincident beams to scan the BEC in a circle, with velocity just under the velocity of sound in the BEC. The interaction of the laser beams with the BEC acts like a microphone, converting the sound waves in the BEC into electromagnetic fluctuations that are detected by the photodiode (PD) on the right.

Earth) to see a 1 K temperature. Although one could

fields). They also give theoretical insights into the

cook a steak with enough acceleration, that steak

origins of phenomena like the thermal emissions

would be rather flattened by the acceleration required.

of black holes, or even the origin of the original

Can that effect, which I predicted in 1976, be measured in an analog system? A group (Silke Weinfurtner in

fluctuations in the early universe which eventually grew to become galaxies and stars and ourselves.

Nottinghame, Joerg Schmidtmeyer in Vienna, I at UBC and A&M, and our students and post-docs)6

REFERENCES

recently proposed an experiment in BECs to measure

1 Stephen W. Hawking. “Black hole explosions?” Nature 248 (5443): 30–31 (1974).

that acceleration temperature (Fig.4). It turns out to be much harder than measuring the Hawking effect. Using ideas from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO; on whose quantum properties I worked in the early 1980s) and using a novel interferometer, in which the paths of the photons being interfered lie in frequency space rather than in physical space, to measure the sound waves in a tiny disk of BEC, we have argued that such an experiment is possible. Given the funding, we should be able to funding, we

2 William G. Unruh. ”Experimental black hole evaporation?”

Phys. Rev. Lett. 46 (21): 1351–1353 (1981).

3 Silke Weinfurtner, Edmund W. Tedford, Mathew C.J. Penrice, William G. Unruh, and Gregory A. Lawrence. “Measurement of stimulated Hawking emission in an analogue system.” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106: 021302 (2011).

4 Jeff Steinhauer, “Observation of quantum Hawking radiation and its entanglement in an analogue black hole” Nature Phys. 12, 959 (2016).

5 Jeff Steinhauer, “Observation of quantum Hawking radiation and its entanglement in an analogue black hole” arxiv:1510.00621v1 Fig 3 and 4.

6 Cisco Gooding, Steffen Biermann, Sebastian Erne, Jorma Louko, William G. Unruh, Joerg Schmiedmayer, Silke Weinfurtner.

“Interferometric Unruh detectors for Bose– Einstein condensates.”

Phys. Rev. Lett. 125: 213603 (2020).

should be able to carry it out in the next few years.

This is primarily possible because the velocity of sound waves in a BEC are of the order of 1mm/s rather than the 3 108 m/sec that light travels at.

Analogies allow us to carry out the experimental testing of our theoretical ideas which would be impossible to carry out the real thing (for black holes, or for the accelerations needed for light-like

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

47

TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

48

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S ECT IO N FO U R HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

49

H AGL E R FE L LOWS

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

GU Y BE RT R A N D

Distinguished Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry Director, UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory University of California San Diego

For more than three decades,

Research Chemistry Laboratory.

Guy Bertrand has challenged the

He moved to the University of

common assumptions found in

California San Diego, in 2012.

standard chemistry textbooks. In particular, he has sought out stable versions of reactive molecules such as carbenes, nitrenes, diradicals, and bent-allenes. The goal of his research is to tame reactive molecules and transform them into useful tools for synthetic chemists.

Most recently, Bertrand’s laboratory group has demonstrated that stable carbenes and related metal-free species can activate small molecules and stabilize highly reactive intermediates.

Next, the group intends to show these materials are also capable of transferring corresponding fragments to substrates.

Bertrand received his doctorate from Université Paul Sabatier in Toulouse, France.

He served as director of research for the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) in 1988-98. In 2001, Bertrand joined

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Association for the Advancement of Science and a member of the French Academy of Sciences, the European Academy of Sciences, the Academia Europea, and the French Academy of Technology.

Bertrand has received the Senior Humboldt Research Award, the Grand Prix Le Bel of the French Chemical Society, the Sir Roland Nyholm Lectureship of the Royal Society of Chemistry, the Japanese Society for Promotion of Science Award, the Médalle d’Argenet du CNRS, the FrenchGerman Senior Humboldt Award, and the International Council on Main Group Chemistry Award.

In addition, he is an elected Membre Correspondant of the French Academy of Sciences.

He has served as associate editor of Chemical Reviews since 2010.

the faculty at the University of

Bertrand will collaborate with

California, Riverside (UCR), as

faculty, researchers, and students

a distinguished professor and

in the College of Arts & Sciences.

director of the UCR-CNRS Joint

50

Bertrand is a fellow of the American

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

H U I CAO

John C. Malone Professor of Applied Physics Professor of Physics and Professor of Electrical Engineering Department of Applied Physics Yale University

Recognized for her pioneering

That same year, she joined the

work in fundamental physics as

faculty in the physics department at

well as her practical applications of

Northwestern University. She moved

complex, chaotic, and disordered

to Yale University in 2008, becoming

systems, Hui Cao focuses on

the Frederick W. Beinecke Professor

understanding and controlling light

of Applied Physics in 2018 and

transport, scattering, absorption,

the John C. Malone Professor

and amplification in complex

of Applied Physics in 2019.

photonic nanostructures for a wide range of applications.

Cao is a member of both the National Academy of Sciences and

Her research bridges mesoscopic

the American Academy of Arts

physics, nonlinear dynamics,

and Sciences. She has received

laser physics, nanophotonics,

the American Physical Society

and biophotonics. Her work

Maria Goeppert-Mayer Award,

involves nanofabtrication;

the Alexander von Humboldt

material characterization, optical

Foundation Friedrich Wilhelm

measurement with high spatial,

Bessel Research Award, the John

spectral and temporal resolution;

Simon Guggenheim Fellowship, and

and numerical modeling.

shared the Willis E. Lamb Medal for

Her current projects include the development of novel light sources and exploring their applications in biomedical imaging, the coherent control of light transport in strong scattering media and multimode fibers, and the design and fabrication of multifunctional photonic devices with complex nanostructures.

Cao earned her doctorate at Stanford University in 1997.

Laser Physics and Quantum Optics.

She holds six US patents.

The American Physical Society has recognized two of her research products as among the most important in her field: the experimental demonstration of semiconductor powder and the invention of micro random lasers.

Cao will collaborate with researchers in the Institute of Quantum Science and Engineering.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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H AGL E R FE L LOWS

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

JOH N MI CHA E L CU LLE N

Distinguished Professor, Associate in the Toxicology Faculty and Adjunct Senior Researcher, Hammer Institute Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University

Specializing in veterinary pathology

He earned a doctorate in

and toxicologic pathology of the

comparative pathology from the

liver, John Michael Cullen focuses

University of California, Davis. He

his research on drug-induced

has served on the faculty at North

hepatic disease and animal

Carolina State University since 1988.

models of viral hepatitis. He ranks among the most accomplished and distinguished veterinary hepatopathologists in the world.

history of the American College of Veterinary Pathology. He is a fellow in the International

in the pharmaceutical world

Academy of Toxicologic

over many years studying the

Pathologists and a diplomate.

and chronic liver and biliary tree injury, publishing in this area as well. He also has worked with various types of viral hepatitis, publishing papers or chapters on Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E. Cullen played a key role in the systematic description of liver diseases in small animals that is now used as a reference worldwide. He has established the only hepatohistopathology service in North America.

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

distinguished members in the

He has worked with colleagues

causes and mechanisms of acute

52

Cullen is among only 65

He received the BSTP Gopinath Lecture Award from the British Society of Toxicological Pathology and the R. Ferrell Distinguished Lecturer Award from the CL Davis Association.

He has authored 24 book chapters and published 154 peer-reviewed articles.

Cullen will collaborate with faculty-researchers and residents in the School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences.

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

O DI LE E I SE N ST E I N

Director de Recherche CNRS Emeritus, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier CTMM group Universite de Montpellier Hylleraas Center for Quantum Molecular Science University of Oslo, Norway

Odile Eisenstein is known best for

Eisenstein earned her doctorate at

computational studies of structure,

the University of Paris-Sud at Orsay.

bounding and reactivity in inorganic

After her postdoctoral studies at the

and organometallic chemistry, as

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

well as their application to problems

in Zurich and Cornell University, she

in catalysis and bioinorganic and

served as an assistant professor at

materials chemistry. She has worked

the University of Michigan and as

closely with leading experimental

a research professor at the French

chemists to address questions on

National Scientific Research Center

structures, properties, and reactivity

(CNRS). She joined to the University

of complex molecular species.

of Montpellier in 1996. Since 2012,

Her research concerns molecular organic and organometallic

she has served as an adjunct professor at the University of Oslo.

chemistry, often with direct impact

She is a member of the French

in homogeneous catalysis. Her

Academy of Sciences and received

significant achievements include

the Centenary Prize from the Royal

the first computational explanation

Society of Chemistry, the Award

of enantioselectivity; the successful

in Organometallic Chemistry

prediction of the counterintuitive

from the American Chemical

structure of d0 metal alkyls, MR6;

Society, the Sir Edward Frankland

the effect of agostic interactions

Medal and Lectureship from

on metal-carbon bonds; the

the Royal Society of Chemistry,

understanding of the attractive

and the Grand Prix Le Bel from

interaction between metal hydrides

the French Chemical Society.

and H-bond donors (the dihydrogen bond); understanding the basis of the enormous NMR H-H coupling constants in some

In addition, Eisenstein received the Silver Medal from the CNRS— one of the highest awards.

metal hydride complexes that arise

Eisenstein will collaborate with

through quantum mechanical

faculty, researchers, and students

tunnelling; and overcoming the

in the College of Arts & Sciences.

challenge of applications in the reactivity of lanthanide complexes.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

DI MI TA R F I LEV

Henry Ford Technical Fellow Ford Research and Innovation Center

Dimitar Filev is known for his

Filev is a member of the National

research in computational

Academy of Engineering and

intelligence, artificial intelligence,

received the Norbert Wiener Award

and intelligent control, as well as

from the Institute of Electrical

their applications to autonomous

and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

driving, vehicle systems, and

Systems, Man and Cybernetics

automotive engineering. His

Society, the Outstanding Industrial

research has had significant

Applications Award from the

impact in automotive research and

International Fuzzy Systems

practice in the fields of intelligent

Association, and the Fuzzy

information and control systems.

Systems Pioneers Award from the

He received his doctorate from the Czech Technical Institute in Prague. He has served as a Japanese Society for the Promotion

of the IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society from 2016-17.

He has authored or co-authored

Osaka University, assistant professor

more than 200 research

and associate professor at the

publications and holds more

Bulgarian Academy of Science in

than 100 US patents.

the State University of New YorkBinghamton and Iona University in New Rochelle, New York.

Filev joined Ford Motor Company in Dearborn, Michigan, in 1994.

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Society. He served as president

of Science visiting researcher at

Sofia, and associate professor at

54

IEEE Computation Intelligence

Filev will collaborate with faculty, researchers, and students in the College of Engineering and across the university.

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

H OWA R D F R U MK I N

Senior Vice President, the Trust for Public Land Professor Emeritus of Environmental and Occupational Sciences School of Public Health University of Washington

Howard Frumkin is an internist,

Foundation, the Washington Global

environmental and occupational

Health Alliance, the American

medicine specialist, and

Public Health Association, the

epidemiologist. His research

US Green Building Council, the

interests include public health

Children & Nature Network, and

aspects of the built environment,

Physicians for Social Responsibility.

climate change, energy policy, and nature contact.

Frumkin earned a doctorate from Harvard University in 1988

He led the “Our Planet, Our Health”

and a medical degree from the

initiative at the Wellcome Trust

University of Pennsylvania in 1982.

in London in 2018-19. Previously, he directed the National Center for Environmental Health and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and served as special assistant to the director for climate change and health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2005-10.

Frumkin is a member of the National Academy of Medicine and is a fellow in the American College of Physicians, the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, and the Collegium Ramazzini. He is the author, co-author, or editor

Frumkin was professor and

of more than 300 scientific journal

chair of Environmental and

articles, chapters, and books,

Occupational Health at Emory

including textbooks on general

University’s Rollins School of

environmental health, planetary

Public Health and professor of

health, and the built environment.

medicine at Emory Medical School from 1990-2005. He served as dean of the Washington School of Public Health from 2010-16.

Frumkin will collaborate with faculty, researchers, and students in the School of Public Health.

He has served on the boards of the Bullitt Foundation, the Seattle Parks

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

55

H AGL E R FE L LOWS

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

SEBAST I A N ( BAS) J ON K MA N

Professor and holder of the Integral Hydraulic Engineering Chair Delft University of Technology, Netherlands

A world-class expert on hydraulic

He was nominated as a Top 10

structures and flood risk, Bas

Engineer of the Year by the Royal

Jonkman led Dutch efforts on

Dutch Society of Engineering

the feasibility design of the Ike

and received Best Paper Award

Dike project, a coastal barrier

from both the Journal of Flood

protecting the Houston-Galveston

Risk Management and the

region form hurricanes. Texas

Society of Risk Analysis.

A&M University coordinated work on the project, which is forecast to be the largest for the US Army’s Corps of Engineers.

of Infrastructure and Water Management, a member of the Dutch Expertise Network on Flood

include flood risk management,

Protection, and the chair of the civil

land reclamation, and the integral

engineering department of the

design of hydraulic infrastructure.

Dutch Association of Engineers.

and European research projects focusing on climate adaptation and

He earned his doctorate from Delft University of Technology.

strategies for flood risk reduction,

He has published more than

including storm surge barriers

60 journal articles as a lead

and nature-based solutions.

author or co-author.

He has been involved in post-

Jonkman will collaborate with

disaster, research, and design

faculty, researchers, and students

studies in the Netherlands,

at Texas A&M University at

United States, Mozambique,

Galveston and the Institute for

and Southeast Asia.

a Disaster Resilient Texas.

Jonkman is a member of the Dutch Royal Society of Engineering.

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organization in the Dutch Ministry

Jonkman’s research interests

He is leading several national

56

Jonkman is an advisor for an

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

M A R K O’ MA LLEY

Leverhulme Professor of Power Systems Imperial College London

A globally recognized expert

O’Malley received his

on integrating wind-energy

doctorate from University

systems into smart grids, Mark

College Dublin in 1987.

O’Malley is founding director of the Electricity Research Centre—a multidisciplinary, multi-institutional, and industry-supported research activity at University College Dublin—which he led for 21 years.

He served as chief scientist for energy systems integration and senior research fellow at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in the United States.

He was the founding director

He joined the faculty of

of the International Institute

Imperial College London in

for Energy Systems Integration,

September 2022 as Leverhulme

which evolved into the Energy

Professor of Power Systems.

Systems Integration Group where

O’Malley is an international member of the National Academy

he chaired the Research and Education Working Group.

of Engineering, a member of the

He co-founded the Global Power

Royal Irish Academy, and the

System Transformation Consortium.

European Academies Science Advisory Council Energy Steering Panel. O’Malley is a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic

O’Malley will collaborate with faculty, researchers, and students in the College of Engineering.

Engineers, the Institution of Engineering Technology, and the Institution of Engineers of Ireland.

He has received two Fulbright Fellowships and was the James M. Flaherty Visiting Professor at McGill University in 2017.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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H AGL E R FE L LOWS

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

LAW R E N CE QU E J R .

Regents Professor College of Science and Engineering University of Minnesota

Lawrence Que Jr. is known for his

before joining the faculty at Cornell

work in understanding how non-

University in 1977. He moved to the

heme iron centers activate oxygen

University of Minnesota in 1983.

to carry out a diverse array of metabolically important reactions.

fellow in the American Chemical

first synthetic precedents for

Society. Que has received the

these enzymatic intermediates,

American Chemical Society’s

which provide benchmarks for

Alfred Bader Award in Bioorganic

understanding the electronic

or Bioinorganic Chemistry, the

structures, spectroscopic

Royal Society of Chemistry’s

properties, and reactivities

Inorganic Reaction Mechanisms

of the iron (IV)-oxo unit.

Award, the International Award

to design functional models for iron oxygenases, obtaining the first biomimetic examples for catechol dioxygenases, a-ketoglutarate-dependent

from the Japan Society for Coordination Chemistry, and the American Chemical Society’s Award in Inorganic Chemistry. In addition, he received the National Institutes of Health MERIT Award.

oxygenases and cis-dihydroxylating

He has published more than 500

arene dioxygenases. This research

peer-reviewed papers and 12

could lead to the development of

books. He holds seven patents.

more sustainable alternatives to heavy-metal oxidation catalysts.

Que will collaborate with faculty and students in the College

Que received his doctorate from

of Arts & Sciences and the

the University of Minnesota in 1973.

Department of Biochemistry

He conducted postdoctoral study

and Biophysics in the College of

at the Massachusetts Institute

Agriculture and Life Sciences.

of Technology and the Gray Freshwater Biological Institute

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Academy of Sciences and a

His efforts have produced the

In addition, Que has led efforts

58

He is a member of the National

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

JEA N -PAU L R ODR I GU E

Professor Department of Global Studies and Geography Hofstra University

A leading transportation geographer

1994. He joined the faculty at

covering mobility, freight

Hofstra University in 1999.

distribution, containerization, logistics, and transport terminals (particularly ports), Jean-Paul Rodrigue ranks among the top 2 percent most-cited scholars in the world and among the top 100 in the field of transport and logistics, according to Elsevier BV. His paper, “Port regionalization: towards a new phase in port development,” is among the most cited works in maritime transportation.

Rodrigue sits on the international editorial board of the Journal of Transport Geography, Transport Reviews, the Journal of Shipping and Trade, and the Cahiers Scientifiques du Transport.

He is co-editor of the Sage Handbook of Transport Studies.

He has published seven books, 32 book chapters, more than 60 peer-reviewed papers, numerous reports, and delivered more than 175 conferences and

Rodrigue is a board member of

seminar presentations, mostly

the University Transportation

at the international level.

Research Center, Region II of the City University of New York and is a lead member of the PortEconomics.eu initiative as well as of the International Association of Maritime Economists.

In addition, he is the New York team leader for the MetroFreight project about city logistics.

Rodrigue received the Edward L. Ullman Award for outstanding

His book, The Global Economic Space: Advanced Economies and Globalization, earned the 2001 PricewaterhouseCoopers award (Prix du livre d’affaire) for the best French business-related book published in North America.

His textbook, The Geography of Transport Systems (online version), is now in its fifth edition.

contribution to the field of transport

Rodrigue will collaborate

geography by the American

with faculty, researchers,

Association of Geographers.

and students at Texas A&M

He received his doctorate from the University of Montreal in

University at Galveston and the College of Engineering.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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H AGL E R FE L LOWS

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

DON A LD L. SPA R KS

Francis Alison Professor and holder of the Unidel S. Hallock du Pont Chair in Soil and Environmental Chemistry Professor, Chemistry and Biochemistry Director, Delaware Environmental Institute College of Agriculture & Natural Resources University of Delaware

Among the most celebrated soil

Union of Soil Sciences; the

and environmental scientists

Einstein Professorship, Chinese

in the world, Donald L. Sparks

Academy of Sciences; the

conducts cross-disciplinary

Sterling B. Hendricks Memorial

research that contributes to soil

Lectureship, US Department of

science as well as geochemistry,

Agriculture; the Environmental

environmental chemistry, and

Quality Research Award,

environmental engineering.

American Society of Agronomy;

Over a 43-year career at the University of Delaware, he and

Sparks is the author of two widely

seminal and transformational

adopted textbooks, Kinetics of

discoveries in the areas of kinetics of

Soil Chemical Processes and

geochemical processes, molecular

Environmental Soil Chemistry

scale investigations of metal and

(three editions), 15 edited books, 65

nutrient fate, transport in soils

book chapters, and 300 refereed

and water, soil remediation, and

papers. He has edited 131 volumes

climate change impacts on soils.

of Advances in Agronomy, the

from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.

most prestigious serial review in the field. He has presented his research findings at national and international symposia,

Sparks is a fellow of the American

and served as a distinguished

Association for the Advancement

lecturer at 116 universities and

of Science, Soil Science Society

institutes in the United States,

of America, American Society of

Canada, Africa, Asia, Australia,

Agronomy, Geochemical Society

South America, and Europe.

of America, and the European Association of Geochemistry.

Sparks will collaborate with faculty, researchers, and

He received the Geochemistry

students in the College of

Medal, American Chemical Society;

Agriculture and Life Sciences.

the Liebig Medal, International

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Award, Clay Minerals Society.

his research group have made

He received his doctorate

60

and the Pioneer in Clay Science

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

M A DHAVI SU N DE R

Frank Sherry Professor of Intellectual Property and Associate Dean for International and Graduate Programs Georgetown Law Center

An internationally recognized

Sunder, according to the Stanford

scholar in copyright, technology

Law Review, has been recognized

and trademark law, Madhavi

for publishing one of the 20

Sunder produces groundbreaking

topmost cited intellectual property

work that is foundational to the

(IP) articles and the most-cited

understanding of intellectual

international IP article of the

property’s social effects and its

decade. The California-Berkeley

role in crafting cultural relations.

Law Review named her the co-

Her work centers on intellectual property law and extends into culture, human rights, and the First Amendment. From art law to brands and biopiracy, and from cultural appropriation to design thinking, the experience economy, and the intersection of religion and women’s rights— her work is wide-ranging.

Madhavi earned her law degree from Stanford Law School in 1997.

author of the Top 20 Most Cited IP Articles of the Decade in 2014.

She received a Mellon Foundation grant to study academic branding, was named a Carnegie Corporation Scholar, and was named one of four “Top Intellectual Property Scholars” by Harvard Law School professor Lawrence Lessig.

Her book, From Goods to a Good Life: Intellectual Property and Global Justice, brings a humanist approach to IP law. She has a

She clerked for Judge Harry

deep interest in fairness and

Pregerson on the US Court of

equity. Her recent articles call

Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and

for more equitable allocation of

was an associate at Cleary Gottlieb

COVID-19 vaccines to low- and

Steen & Hamilton in New York City.

middle-income countries.

Before joining the Georgetown Law faculty, she was a professor at the University of California, Davis,

Sunder will collaborate with the School of Law.

and taught at Yale Law School, the University of Chicago Law School, and Cornell Law School.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

61

H AGL E R FE L LOWS

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

MI C H A E L W. YOU N G Richard and Jeanne Fisher Professor Laboratory of Genetics, head Vice President for Academic Affairs The Rockefeller University

Nobel Prize laureate Michael Young

2009 Gruber Neuroscience

studies the biological clocks that

Prize, 2011 Horwitz Prize, 2012

regulate the human body’s sleep

Canada Gairdner International

patterns, metabolism, and response

Award, 2012 Massry Prize, 2013

to disease. His work has implications

Shaw Prize, 2013 Wiley Prize, and

for the treatment of various sleep

2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology

and mood disorders, as well as other

or Medicine for discoveries of

dysfunctions related to the timing

molecular mechanisms that

of gene activities underlying visual

control circadian rhythms.

functions, locomotion, metabolism, immunity, learning, and memory.

Following postdoctoral work in

researchers—Jeffrey C. Hall and

biochemistry at the Stanford

Michael Rosbash of Brandeis

University School of Medicine, he

University —independently

was appointed assistant professor

isolated a gene named period,

at The Rockefeller University in

first discovered in 1971 by Ronald

1978. Young was named associate

J. Konopka and Seymour Benzer.

professor in 1984 and professor in

The gene is needed to maintain

1988. In 2004, he was appointed

circadian rhythm in the Drosophila

the university’s vice president

brain, and its isolation led the

for academic affairs and Richard

three labs to subsequently

and Jeanne Fisher Professor.

mechanism for circadian clocks: a transcriptional feedback loop that progresses through the 24-hour cycle. Elements of the YoungHall-Rosbash mechanism of the

He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society, and an honorary member of the Physiological Society of London.

molecular clock were later found

Young will collaborate with

to be evolutionarily conserved

researchers in the College of

throughout the animal kingdom.

Arts & Sciences as well as other

Along with colleagues Hall and Rosbash, Young received the

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

The University of Texas at Austin.

In 1984, Young and two other

unmask the general molecular

62

Young earned his doctorate from

disciplines across the university.

2022-23 HAGLER FELLOW

DAVI D Z I LBE R MA N

Distinguished Professor and holder, Robinson Chair Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics College of Natural Resources University of California, Berkeley

A recipient of the Wolf Prize in

Zilberman is a member of the

Agriculture, David Zilberman

National Academy of Sciences

combines theory, empirical

and the European Academy of

work, and outreach to address

Sciences and Art. He is a fellow in

management or policy problems

both the Agricultural and Applied

in the nexus of agriculture,

Economics Association (AAEA) and

natural resources, and the

the Association of Environmental

environment. He has been

and Resource Economists.

involved in major debates about policy, including the transition to water markets, regulation and use of pesticides, and biotechnology and biofuel policies.

In addition to the Wolf Prize, Zilberman has received the AAEA’s Quality of Research Discover Award; the AAEA’s Publication of Enduring Quality Award; and the

Zilberman is best known for

International Cannes Prize for Water

his work in agricultural and

and the Economy from the United

environmental policy; economics

Nations Educational, Scientific,

of innovation and risk; water

and Cultural Organization.

biotechnology; and climate change. He incorporates features of agronomic and biophysical systems into economic models. His

He has edited 21 books and coauthored more than 350 papers in peer-reviewed journals.

work emphasizes heterogeneity

Zilberman will collaborate

of people and location, as

with faculty, researchers, and

well as dynamics and risk.

students in the College of

He earned his doctorate at the University of California, Berkeley,

Agriculture and Life Sciences, as well as across campus.

where he joined the faculty in 1983.

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

63

H AGL E R FE L LOWS

2022-23 DISTINGUISHED LECTURER

CAT H E R I N E DU LAC

Higgins Professor of Molecular and Cellular Biology Lee and Ezpeleta Professor of Arts and Sciences Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Harvard University

Catherine Dulac’s work explores the

Her team also used single cell

molecular biology of pheromone

transcriptomics to uncover specific

detection and signaling in

cell populations involved in distinct

mammals; the neural mechanisms

social behaviors and to investigate

underlying age-, species-, and

the molecular and neural basis

sex-specific behaviors; and the

of their activity modulation

role of genomic imprinting in

according to the animal state.

the developing and adult brain.

Dulac and her team attempt to

developmental biology from the

decipher the unique characteristics

University of Paris. She joined the

of social recognition: What are

faculty at Harvard University in 1996.

the unique cues that trigger distinct social behaviors, what is the nature and identity of social behavior circuits, how is the function of these circuits different in males and females and how are they modulated by the animal physiological status?

Her laboratory uses genetic, imaging, molecular, and behavioral approaches to understand how the brain controls specific social behaviors in both males and females and how areas throughout the brain participate in the positive and negative controls of specific social interactions.

64

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

Dulac earned a doctorate in

She is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. She is a member of the French Academy of Sciences, Institute of France and a Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur.

Dulac will collaborate with faculty, researchers and students in the College of Arts & Sciences, the schools of medicine and veterinary medicine & biomedical sciences.

■ CLASS OF 2021-22 ARTHUR M. JAFFE Landon T. Clay Professor of Mathematics and Theoretical Sciences Department of Physics Harvard University RESEARCH: The relation between super-symmetry and a new mathematical subject — non-commutative geometry — where one builds quantum space into the notion of space-time KEVIN G. BOWCUTT Principal Senior Technical Fellow and Chief Scientist of Hypersonics Boeing Research and Technology RESEARCH: Hypersonic aerodynamics, propulsion integration, and vehicle design and optimization JACQUELINE H. CHEN Senior Scientist Combustion Research Facility Sandia National Laboratories RESEARCH: Applies massively parallel computing to the simulation of turbulent combustion JENNIFER H. ELISSEEFF Jules Stein Professor Department of Biomedical Engineering Morton Goldberg Professor, Ophthalmology Director, Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins University RESEARCH: Regenerative medicine, biomaterials, tissue engineering, immunoengineering, and biomedical engineering THEODORE GOODSON III Richard Barry Bernstein Collegiate Professor of Chemistry and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Department of Chemistry University of Michigan RESEARCH: Non-linear optical properties of novel organic materials

NANCY R. SOTTOS Department Head and Holder, Maybelle Leland Swanlund Endowed Chair Center for Advanced Study Professor Materials Science and Engineering Grainger College of Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign RESEARCH: Polymers, composites, and self-healing materials for energy and the environment, mechanical properties and materials for extreme conditions DONNA T. STRICKLAND Professor Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo Ontario, Canada RESEARCH: Develops novel ultrafast laser systems to study nonlinear optical phenomena NIKOLAY I. ZHELUDEV Professor and Deputy Director of the Zepler Institute University of Southampton, United Kingdom Co-Director, The Photonics Institute Nanyang Technological University, Singapore RESEARCH: Nanophotonics, metamaterials, nanotechnology, electrodynamics, and nonlinear optics

■ CLASS OF 2020-21 R. GRAHAM COOKS Henry B. Hass Distinguished Professor of Analytical Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Science Purdue University RESEARCH: Mass spectrometry, including fundamental phenomena, instrumentation, and analytical applications ANDREW P. FEINBERG Director, Center for Epigenetics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Bloomberg Distinguished Professor Whiting School of Engineering and Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University RESEARCH: Multidisciplinary research spans many fields, from genetics to computational biology and mathematics

JAMES J. GIOVANNONI Director Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture & Health Laboratory USDA-ARS Adjunct Professor Boyce Thompson Institute Cornell University RESEARCH: Molecular and genetic analysis of fruit physiology and ripening and signal transduction systems in the tomato and additional fruit species PAULA T. HAMMOND David H. Koch (1962) Professor in Engineering Head, Department of Chemical Engineering School of Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) RESEARCH: Macromolecular design and synthesis, targeted drug delivery for cancer, nanoscale assembly of synthetic biomaterials and electrostatic and directed materials assembly TIMOTHY A. JUDGE Joseph A. Alutto Chair in Leadership Effectiveness Department of Management and Human Resources Fischer College of Business The Ohio State University RESEARCH: Clarifies the role of personality in job performance, job attitudes, and career success JULIA KING Professor Baroness Brown of Cambridge, Crossbench Life Peer, House of Lords, London Chair, Sir Henry Royce Institute for Advanced Materials, Carbon Trust RESEARCH: Science, technology, and policy to support low-carbon and new negative-emissions science GLORIA LADSON-BILLINGS Former Kellner Family Distinguished Professor Department of Educational Policy Studies School of Education University of Wisconsin RESEARCH: Examines the pedagogical practices of teachers who are successful with African American students, and investigates applications of critical race theory to education RACHEL F. MORAN Distinguished Professor School of Law University of California, Irvine RESEARCH: Education policy, civil rights, and race and the law

SHAUL MUKAMEL Distinguished Professor Department of Chemistry School of Physical Sciences University of California, Irvine RESEARCH: Studies molecules by measuring their response to short pulses of light. Pioneered the field of coherent ultrafast multidimensional molecular spectroscopy LENA COWEN ORLIN Professor Department of English Georgetown College Georgetown University RESEARCH: Expert on private domestic life during the Renaissance and specializes in works of Shakespeare

■ CLASS OF 2019-20 LUIZ DAVIDOVICH Professor of Physics Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro RESEARCH: Decoherence, dynamics of entanglement, laser theory, and quantum metrology SHARON DONOVAN Professor and Holder, Melissa M. Noel Endowed Chair in Nutrition and Health Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Agricultural, Consumer & Environmental Sciences The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign RESEARCH: Pediatric nutrition, focusing on optimizing intestinal and cognitive development and on development of the gut microbiome MARIO ANDRÉS HAMUY Vice President and Head of Mission, Chile Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy Washington, DC RESEARCH: Established the use of supernovas to measure distances into the far universe, leading to the discovery of the accelerated expansion of the universe PETER J. HOTEZ Dean, National School of Tropical Medicine Professor Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology & Microbiology Endowed Chair in Tropical Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine RESEARCH: Neglected tropical diseases and vaccine development

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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H AGL E R FE L LOWS

KATHLEEN C. HOWELL Hsu Lo Distinguished Professor School of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Engineering Purdue University RESEARCH: Contributions to the three-body problem, the interplanetary superhighway, and artificial satellite theories

MICHAEL J. DUFF Emeritus Professor of Theoretical Physics Senior Research Investigator Imperial College London RESEARCH: Quantum gravity, quantum informatics, string theory, M-theory, and unified theories of the elementary particles

MISHA LYUBICH Professor Department of Mathematics Director, Institute for Mathematical Sciences College of Arts and Sciences Stony Brook University RESEARCH: Analytic low-dimensional dynamics of recursive maps

YONGGANG HUANG Walter P. Murphy Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science Northwestern University RESEARCH: Mechanics of stretchable materials and additive manufacturing

HENRY ROUSSO Directeur de Recherche Émérite French National Centre for Scientific Research Paris, France RESEARCH: Link between history and memory and historical trauma PETER W. SHOR Henry Adams Morss and Henry Adams Morss Jr. Professor of Applied Mathematics School of Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology RESEARCH: Quantum algorithm for factoring exponentially faster than the best currently known algorithm running on a classical computer EDWIN L. “NED” THOMAS Ernest Dell Butcher Professor of Engineering Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering School of Engineering Rice University RESEARCH: Development of novel photonic materials and determination of the morphology of black copolymers

■ CLASS OF 2018-19 VANDERLEI SALVADOR BAGNATO Professor Department of Physics and Materials Science University of São Paulo and the Institute of Physics of São Carlos Brazil RESEARCH: Laser cooling, trapping neutral atoms, and applying the principles of optics and lasers in health sciences

66

CAMERON JONES Professor and Holder of the R.L. Martin Distinguished Chair of Chemistry Monash University Melbourne, Australia RESEARCH: Facets of chemistry to refine existing views on structure, bonding, and stability STEFAN H.E. KAUFMANN Head, Department of Immunology Founding Director Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology Germany RESEARCH: Vaccines for tuberculosis H. VINCENT POOR Michael Henry Strater University Professor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Science Princeton University RESEARCH: Advancing rapid development of technology ROBERT D. PUTNAM Peter and Isabel Malkin Research Professor of Public Policy Kennedy School of Government Harvard University RESEARCH: Religion in society, the fall and revival of American community, and opportunity gaps ANDREA RINALDO Professor of Hydrology and Water Resources Director, Laboratory of Ecohydrology École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland RESEARCH: Theory of self-organized fractal river networks and efficient transportation networks

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

WILLIAM G. UNRUH Professor of Physics Department of Physics & Astronomy University of British Columbia RESEARCH: General relativity and refining the foundations of quantum mechanics in relation to black holes

■ CLASS OF 2017–18 VIJAY K. DHIR Distinguished Professor Departments of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Samueli School of Engineering University of California, Los Angeles RESEARCH: Fundamental and applied sciences involving boiling RICHARD A. DIXON Distinguished Research Professor Department of Biological Sciences College of Science University of North Texas RESEARCH: Metabolic engineering of plants RICHARD A. EPSTEIN Laurence A. Tisch Professor of Law Director, Classical Liberal Institute School of Law New York University RESEARCH: Legal theory property, torts, and employment TOM GINSBURG Leo Spitz Professor of International Law Ludwig and Hilde Wolf Research Scholar Professor of Political Science University of Chicago Law School RESEARCH: Multidisciplinary social scientific analysis to comparative constitutional law JAMES E. HUBBARD JR. Oscar S. Wyatt Jr. ‘45 Chair I Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Texas A&M University RESEARCH: Designs, develops, and defines the state of the art in robotic platforms

THOMAS J. STIPANOWICH William H. Webster Chair in Dispute Resolution Professor of Law Straus Institute for Dispute Resolution Caruso School of Law Pepperdine University RESEARCH: Commercial arbitration and dispute resolution JERRY TESSENDORF Professor of Visual Computing School of Computing College of Engineering, Computing and Applied Sciences Clemson University RESEARCH: Fluid simulations in computer graphics for motion pictures

■ CLASS OF 2016–17 CHRISTOPHER C. CUMMINS Henry Dreyfus Professor of Chemistry Department of Chemistry School of Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology RESEARCH: Synthetic chemistry, inorganic synthesis methodology INGRID DAUBECHIES James B. Duke Distinguished Professor Departments of Mathematics and Electrical & Computer Engineering Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Pratt School of Engineering Duke University RESEARCH: Wavelets, mathematical methods GERALD GALLOWAY Professor Emeritus Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering A. James Clark School of Engineering University of Maryland RESEARCH: Civil engineering, flood plain management HUAJIAN GAO Walter H. Annenberg Professor of Engineering School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Brown University RESEARCH: Mechanical and biological engineering MARYELLEN GIGER A. N. Pritzker Distinguished Service Professor Department of Radiology Committee on Medical Physics The College at the University of Chicago RESEARCH: Computer-aided diagnosis, digital signal and image processing

ROBERT KENNICUTT JR. Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy, Emerita School of Physical Sciences University of Cambridge RESEARCH: Astronomy, star formation and galaxies CHARLES E. KOLB Former President and Chief Executive Officer Aerodyne Research Inc. RESEARCH: Atmospheric chemistry, air quality, and climate V. KUMAR Professor Department of Marketing The Peter J. Tobin College of Business St. John’s University, New York RESEARCH: Marketing research methods, customer relationship management WILLIAM M. SAGE James R. Dougherty Chair for Faculty Excellence Professor Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care Dell Medical School The University of Texas at Austin School of Law RESEARCH: Law, national health care reform THOMAS S. ULEN Research Professor Swanlund Chair Emeritus College of Law University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign RESEARCH: Law, economics, legal, scholarship, and legal education

■ CLASS OF 2015–16 W. DAVID ARNETT Regents’ Professor Emeritus Department of Astronomy College of Science University of Arizona RESEARCH: Theoretical astrophysics, supernovae, and stellar astronomy JOHN T. BROSNAN Professor Emeritus Department of Biochemistry Memorial University of Newfoundland RESEARCH: Amino acid biochemistry

ROBERT A. CALDERBANK Charles S. Sydnor Distinguished Professor Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Mathematics Director, Rhodes Information Initiative Pratt School of Engineering, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences Duke University RESEARCH: Computer science, electrical engineering, and mathematics RICHARD DELGADO John J. Sparkman Chair of Law School of Law The University of Alabama RESEARCH: Critical race theory, law RICHARD GIBBS Wofford Cain Chair and Professor Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Director & Founder, Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine RESEARCH: Genome science, human molecular evolution the late J. KARL HEDRICK James Marshall Wells Academic Chair and Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering University of California, Berkeley RESEARCH: Nonlinear control theory, automotive control systems RICHARD HOLM Higgins Professor of Chemistry Emeritus Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Harvard University RESEARCH: Bioinorganic chemistry MICHAEL KING Senior Research Scientist Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder RESEARCH: Atmospheric and space physics STEVE POLASKY Regents Professor, Fesler-Lampert Professor of Ecological/Environmental Economics Department of Applied Economics College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences University of Minnesota RESEARCH: Ecological/ environmental economics

JOHN A. ROGERS Louis Simpson and Kimberly Querrey Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Neurological Surgery Director, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics McCormick School of Engineering Northwestern University RESEARCH: Materials science and engineering MANFRED SCHARTL Senior Professor Department of Developmental Biochemistry The Biocenter University of Würzburg, Germany RESEARCH: Biology, genetics KUMARES SINHA Edgar B. and Hedwig M. Olson Distinguished Professor of Civil Engineering Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue University RESEARCH: Civil engineering SUSAN SULEIMAN C. Douglas Dillon Professor of the Civilization of France and Professor of Comparative Literature, Emerita Department of Romance Languages & Literatures Arts and Humanities Harvard University RESEARCH: Twentiethcentury French literature

■ CLASS OF 2014–15 the late HAROLD ADAMS Chairman Emeritus RTKL Associates Inc. RESEARCH: Architecture and building construction RAKESH AGRAWAL Winthrop E. Stone Distinguished Professor of Chemical Engineering Davidson School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Purdue University RESEARCH: Chemical engineering, invention JACK DONGARRA University Distinguished Professor Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Director, Innovative Computing Laboratory Tickle College of Engineering University of Tennessee, Knoxville RESEARCH: Computational mathematics

WILLIAM MARRAS Honda Chair in Transportation Department of Integrated Systems Engineering Director, Spine Research Institute The Ohio State University RESEARCH: Ergonomics and occupational health ED MOSES President Longview Consulting RESEARCH: Fusion energy, high-power laser physics YURI OGANESSIAN Scientific Director Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna, Russia RESEARCH: Nuclear physics ROBERT SKELTON Wofford Cain Chair III and Professor Departments of Aerospace Engineering and Ocean Engineering College of Engineering Texas A&M University RESEARCH: Systems and aerospace engineering

■ CLASS OF 2013–14 LEIF ANDERSSON Uppsala University, Sweden Professor Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University RESEARCH: Animal genetics SATYA ATLURI Presidential Chair & University Distinguished Professor Department of Chemical Engineering Edward E. Whitacre Jr. College of Engineering Texas Tech University RESEARCH: Mechanical and aerospace engineering CLAUDE BOUCHARD John W. Barton, Sr. Endowed Chair in Genetics and Nutrition Boyd Professor and Professor in Human Genomics Pennington Biomedical Research Center Louisiana State University RESEARCH: Genetics and nutrition

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

67

H AGL E R FE L LOWS

the late CHRISTODOULOS FLOUDAS Director, Texas A&M Energy Institute Erle Nye ‘59 Chair Professor for Engineering Excellence Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University RESEARCH: Chemical and biological engineering the late ROY GLAUBER Professor Emeritus Department of Physics Harvard College Harvard University RESEARCH: Quantum physics ROGER HOWE University Distinguished Professor Department of Teaching, Learning & Culture School of Education and Human Development Texas A&M University RESEARCH: Mathematics ROBERT LEVINE Distinguished University Professor, English Departments of English and American Studies College of Arts and Humanities University of Maryland RESEARCH: Literary and comparative studies WOLFGANG SCHLEICH Chair Professor of Theoretical Physics Director, Institute of Quantum Physics Ulm University, Germany RESEARCH: Theoretical and quantum physics PETER STANG Distinguished Professor and David P. Gardner Presidential Chair Department of Chemistry College of Science University of Utah RESEARCH: Organic chemistry

■ CLASS OF 2012–13

PETER LISS Professor Emeritus School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia, UK RESEARCH: Environmental sciences ALAN NEEDLEMAN University Distinguished Professor and Royce E. Wisenbaker ’39 Chair III Departments of Materials Science & Engineering and Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Texas A&M University RESEARCH: Materials science and engineering ALEDA ROTH Burlington Industries Distinguished Professor of Supply Chain Management Department of Management Wilburn O. and Ann Powers College of Business Clemson University RESEARCH: Global supply chain management VERNON SMITH George L. Argyros Endowed Chair in Finance and Economics, Professor of Economics and Law Founder, Economic Science Institute The George L. Argyros School of Business and Economics, Dale E. Fowler School of Law Chapman University RESEARCH: Experimental economics KATEPALLI SREENIVASAN Dean Emeritus of NYU Tandon School of Engineering Eugene Kleiner Professor for Innovation in Mechanical Engineering University Professor Departments of Physics and Mathematics College of Arts and Science, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University RESEARCH: Mechanical engineering

JAY DUNLAP Nathan Smith Professor Departments of Molecular and Systems Biology and Biochemistry and Cell Biology Geisel School of Medicine Dartmouth College RESEARCH: Genetics, biochemistry

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CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

MA LI N A R E N A I SSA N CE ME DA LLI ON AWA RD Established in 2022 by John L. Junkins, the DR. FRANK J. MALINA ’34 Renaissance Medallion Award honors the legacy of the Texas A&M University former student who co-founded the Jet

Frank Malina ‘34, Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas yearbook

Propulsion Lab as well as the first rocket and jet engine company, Aerojet Corp. In this way, Malina helped lay the foundations for the nation’s rocket and missile programs. Later in Paris, Malina made indelible contributions as a kinetic artist.

At the 2022 Hagler Institute gala, Junkins presented the award to the first recipient, PAUL “HASKELL” MOTHERAL ’52, a successful engineer, businessman, and member of the Austin Jazz Society Hall of Fame.

Paul “Haskell” Motheral and John L. Junkins

FI NANC I AL OV E RVI EW In fiscal year 2017, Jon L. Hagler ’58 committed a $10 million cash gift and a $10 million estate gift to help endow what is now the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study.

J

on L. Hagler’s endowment, coupled

operating expenses and compensation

with Academic Master Plan

to fellows. Endowment income

funds ($1.8 million in 2016 dollars

continues to grow, however, primarily

per year) and Heep Foundation

due to additions of earnings on some

earnings ($400,000 per year) contributed

by Texas A&M University President M. Katherine Banks, ensure that the Hagler Institute will serve permanently as a

recently established endowments.

Expenditures on fellows and for fellowships for students to work with fellows remained abnormally low due to delays in travel

beacon of excellence at Texas A&M.

attributable to pandemic concerns. These

The institute’s current financing is enough

delays will cause a surge in expenditures on

to support an average of about 10 new

fellows and students as multiple classes of

Hagler Fellows per year. The 2022-2023

fellows resume visiting the A&M campus.

Fellows numbered 14, and looking forward

The total of the Hagler Institute’s new

we see a new era of growth in Hagler

obligations to fellows recruited in FY22 for

Fellows to an average in the mid-teens

the 2022-2023 academic year are reported

annually. Two major contributors that

for the “Fellow and Lecturer Compensation”.

enable the institute’s growth are earnings from Jon L. Hagler’s cash endowment and earnings from newly endowed Hagler Institute College Chairs. Those earnings will be generated each year in the future.

Our goal is to increase endowment funding, particularly for Hagler Fellows within colleges, schools, and for the institute’s graduate student fellowships.

Operating expenses increased from last year. The institute’s director and university distinguished professor, John L. Junkins, returned to half-time in the institute in FY22 from his work as Interim President of Texas A&M, increasing the institute’s salary expenditures. The Hagler Institute resumed its induction gala in May 2022 and its printing of the institute’s Cornerstone,

REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES

adding some additional expenses.

Revenues were less than expenditures

Other major expenditures were for

in academic FY22, which ended August

fellowships for students to work directly

31, 2022. The largest sources of revenues

on research with Hagler Fellows and

came from Texas A&M University to pay

their A&M faculty hosts. Our potential

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

69

obligations for student fellowships are much

The Jerry and Kay Cox Foundation was the

larger than the cash outlays shown in the

first to establish an endowment within the

FY22 expenditures pie chart, and these

Hagler Institute to support fellows from any

will be shown as expenditures when these

discipline, subsequently joined by Susanne M.

fellowships are applied for and awarded.

and Melbern G. Glasscock ’59, who established

CASH ENDOWMENTS AND PLANNED ESTATE GIFTS

’88, Professor of Practice in the College of Engineering, and Mary and Charles Gregory ’64

Former students led by Jon L. Hagler ‘58

have helped establish $800,000 endowments

have provided impressive support for Texas

for graduate student fellowships. Anthony J.

A&M. For those alumni wanting to underwrite

Wood ’90 and Susan D. Wood ’89 have also

a legacy of ultimate academic excellence,

funded an endowment for discretionary

the Hagler Institute is an ideal solution. For

use by the Hagler Institute. Former Hagler

the life of the university, donors of a cash

Fellows are another source of significant

endowment or a planned estate gift will

support. Robert Skelton donated funds to

have their names associated with a series

help endow a $200,000 discretionary account

of the world’s most remarkable scholars.

emphasizing graduate student support.

History shows that more than 20 percent of the fellows who complete their work in the institute join our faculty. Endowed chairs for Hagler Fellows and endowed fellowships for graduate students to work with fellows are among the most prestigious on campus.

These endowments bear the name of the donor and may be focused in particular colleges, schools, departments, or disciplines.

Some individuals have donated unsolicited estate gifts. The first professor to establish an estate gift was Ozden Ochoa, professor emerita, mechanical engineering. Walter Buchanan, professor in the College of Engineering and a graduate of Purdue University and Indiana University, along with his wife, Charlotte, donated their estates to establish a Hagler Chair within the College

Three Hagler Institute College Chairs of

of Engineering. Elouise and John L. Junkins,

$3 million each and one for $1 million are

Founding Director of the Hagler Institute, have

fully endowed and are generating earnings

endowed a chair from their estate to support

for their respective colleges to support

Hagler Fellows in the field of aerospace

Hagler Fellows. Those chairs were funded by

engineering. Professor Janet Bluemel and

Trisha and L.C. “Chaz” Neely, ’62 (business),

University Distinguished Professor John

Eric Yong Xu, ’93 (biology/science), Thomas

Gladysz, holder of the Dow Chair in Chemical

W. Powell, ’62 (science), and Karin C. and

Invention, both faculty in the new College

R. Bowen Loftin ’71 (Bush School).

of Arts and Sciences, have made significant

For the near future, the Hagler Institute

provisions in their wills to contribute to the

has funds to provide a dollar-for-dollar matching of endowment donations. For example, the Hagler Institute will match a

70

a similar endowment. Brad Worsham

Hagler Institute. The Hagler Institute has received other estate gifts, including one from Associate Director Clifford L. Fry ’67 and

$500,000 endowment donation to create

another one from an anonymous donor.

a $1 million named chair for the donor and

The mission of the Hagler Institute has inspired

restricted to support fellows in the donor’s

Texas A&M faculty members who are not

designated college or department.

former students to contribute support for the

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

institute. Some have walked in unsolicited to the Hagler office with a check in hand.

Katepalli Sreenivasan and Alan Needleman, from the first group of fellows, have made several cash gifts, as has the Willard and

FY22

Anne Levin Foundation, thanks to Trustee Terrell Mullins ’67. Advocates Janet and

REVENUES

Jean-Louis Briaud have also made significant

$2,983,468

contributions. A number of other donors who wish to remain anonymous have stepped forward to contribute. It is remarkable that none of the gifts to date have been solicited.

As is evident, we spent $521,453 more than our FY22 revenues ($2,983,468), but had more than sufficient reserves to cover this deficit.

THE INSTITUTE IS MOVING STEADILY TOWARD ITS GOAL OF ENHANCING THE RECOGNITION OF ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE AT TEXAS A&M TO

HEEP Foundation

Endowment Earnings and Gifts

Texas A&M Funds

$400,000

$722,423

$1,861,045

HELP ACHIEVE RECOGNITION AS A TOP 10 PUBLIC UNIVERSITY. Our near term goal is to find one or more additional endowed chairs per college and school, as well as endowments for 25 graduate student fellowships, by 2030. We are still well

FY22

short of that goal, but gaining momentum. We are pleased that more and more members of

EXPENDITURES

the Aggie Network are recognizing the merit

$3,504,921

and power of investing in the Hagler Institute.

Achieving this goal will vastly accelerate every college and school and make Hagler Fellows, as well as their spouses, easily affordable for all disciplines. You can make a difference in the excellence of your department, college, school, and Texas A&M. We would be delighted for you to join us to help elevate Texas A&M University in perpetuity.

Student Fellowships

Operating and Miscellaneous Expenses and Salaries

Fellow and Lecturer Compensation

$320,000

$915,369

$2,269,552

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

71

#1 PUBLIC COLLEGE IN TEXAS

CHARTI NG THE WAY F ORWA R D

These are exciting times for Texas A&M University. A May 16, 2022 edition of Money named Texas A&M as the number one public college in Texas and the state’s best education value.

A

t the national level, among 671 schools examined across the nation, Texas A&M ranked 23 among public universities. The Center for World University Rankings for 2020-2021 placed

Texas A&M at number 73 among 2,000 universities in the world, but the rankings for 2022-2023 placed Texas A&M at number 62, which is quite a jump in a short period of time.

Among all universities in the United States, Research.com rated seven of A&M’s fields of study in the top 10 in the nation.

These were:

TEXAS A&M’S TOP 10 RANKINGS DISCIPLINE

7722

RANK

Animal Science and Veterinary

4

Business and Management

5

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

8

Engineering and Technology

7

Environmental Sciences

10

Mathematics

9

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

3

CORNERSTONE / 2022 ANNUAL REPORT

The objective for the Hagler Institute is to help set

typically pay for all costs of fellows, and the chair

Texas A&M on a trajectory to become the consensus

earnings can only be used for that purpose.

number one public university in the United States.

This decadal quest requires sustained effort to elevate academics across all college and schools.

The Hagler Institute is a key lever that crosses the entire university to allow faculty and administrators to efficiently act on their ambitions. The presented data indicate that national perceptions of our

Hagler Institute College Chairs and graduate student fellowships are among the most prestigious in the university because they are linked with a perpetual sequence of world-class scholars. A $3 million chair will support a new fellow each year, a $1 million endowed chair will fund approximately one fellow once every three

quality are already very positive and improving.

years. Enhancing the Hagler Institute’s $800,000

The Hagler Institute has already proven to add

endowments for student fellowships is also an

dramatically to the academic quality of Texas

immediate goal. Those chairs and fellowships

A&M. The increasing leverage of the Hagler

are permanently named for the donors.

Institute holds tremendous promise for the

FOR OUR LONGER-TERM GOAL OF 20

broad enhancement of our programs.

NEW OUTSTANDING SCHOLARS TO

The institute has been averaging close to nine new

TEXAS A&M PER YEAR WE SEEK DONORS

fellows each year for its first 11 years of operation. In

OF NEW PLANNED ESTATE GIFTS.

the immediate future, we would like to move the annual average of new fellows into the teens. Our long-term goal is to reach 20 fellow appointments per year.

The institute’s planned gifts are established through the Texas A&M Foundation for the sole benefit of the Hagler Institute. Those gifts can take many forms and have beneficial tax advantages for the

Reaching this goal would allow us to average about

donor. Remarkably, several sitting Texas A&M faculty

one fellow per department every five years.

have made generous estate gifts. These gifts are

REACHING OUR LONG-TERM GOAL REQUIRES: •

Abraham Lincoln said, “The best way to predict

stronger “buy-in” by under-participating

your future is to create it.” Please join our

colleges and schools to use the Hagler

colleagues in the Legacy Society and help create

Institute to enhance their programs; •

the future by giving back to Texas A&M through

additional endowed Hagler Institute College

the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study.

Chairs, at least one per college or school,

For inquiries, contact

to make the fellows more affordable; •

crucial for the long-term health of the institute.

Clifford L. Fry, Ph.D.

additional fellowship endowments for

Associate Director

graduate students to work with fellows.

Hagler Institute for Advanced Study cfry@tamu.edu / 979.458.5723

A Hagler Institute College Chair ensures that

or

college’s participation in the Hagler Institute’s

John L. Junkins, Ph.D.

pursuit of excellence for the life of Texas A&M. For

Founder and Director

the donor who wants to enhance the quality and

Hagler Institute for Advanced Study

reputation of a college or school, a Hagler Institute

junkins@tamu.edu / 979.458.4992

College Chair is an essential choice. Chair earnings

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

73

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY ATTRACTING WORLD-CLASS SCHOLARS TO TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

HAGLER INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY / TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

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TH E H AGL E R IN STITUTE

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hias.tamu.edu

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