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2018 INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER

S.C .CLASSES & COMPUTER EDUCATION (STUDY CENTER) 2/4/2018

FULL FORM OF COMPUTER • C =COMMONLY • O =OPERATING • M =MACHINE • P =PARTICURALY • U =USED FOR • T =TECHNOLOGY • E =EDUCATION AND • R =RESEARCH

Computer AN ELECRRONIC DEVICE THAT STARES RETREVRE AN PROCESS DATA AND CAN BE PROGRAM WITH INSTRUCTION. A COMPUTER IS COMBINATION OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE AND CAN EXIST IN A VARIETY OF SIZES AND THE CONFRIGRATION.

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE  THE TERM HARDWARE REFERS TO THE PHYSICAL COMPONENT OF YOUR COMPUTER SACH AS CPU, MOUSE, KEYBOARD AND MONITOR.  THE SOFTWARE IS THE INSTRUCTION THAT MAKE THE COMPUTER WORK SOFTWARE IS HELD EITHER ON YOUR COMPUTER HARDISK,CD-ROM,DVD ON A FLOPPY DISK AND IS LOADED FROM THE COMPUTER RAM AS WHEN REQUIRED.

TYPES OF COMPUTER  MINI COMPUTER AND MAIN FRAME COMPUTER VERY POWERFUL USED BY VERY LARGE ORGANISATION SUCH SA BANKCORPERATE COMPANIES TO CONTROL THE ENTIRE BUSINESS OPERATION AND IT IS VERY EXPENSIVE.  PERSONAL COMPUTER:- CHEAP AND EASY TO USED IT IS USED FOR SMALL NETWORK MAY BE CONNECTED TO LARGE MAINFRAME COMPUTER WITH BIG COMPANIES.  HARDWARE COMPONENT INPUT DEVICE HOW TO TELL IT WHAT TO DO  A KEYBOARD AND MOUSE ARE THE STANDARD WAR TO INTERACT WITH

COMPUTER OTHER DEVICE INCLUDE JOYSTICS AND GAME PANEL, USED PRIMARLY FOR GAME.

OUTPUT DEVICE ‘HOW IT SHOWS YOU WHAT IT IS DOING’  THE MONITOR IS HOW THE COMPUTER SENDS INFORMATION BACK TO YOU.  A PRINTER IS ALSO AN OUTPUT DEVICE.

ALUARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT CPUCENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT CU CONTROL UNIT

Ctrl+C=COPY Ctrl+V=PASTE Ctrl+A=SELECT Ctrl+S=SAVE Ctrl+X=CUT Ctrl+Z=UNDO Ctrl+Y=REDO Ctrl+U=UNDERLINE Ctrl+I=ITALIC Ctrl+O=OPEN THE FILE Ctrl+N=OPEN NEW FILE

Ctrl+H=REPLACE Ctrl+K=HYPERLINK Ctrl+B=BOLD Ctrl+F=FIND F5=REFRESH WINDOW F1=HELP F2=REMAIN FILE ALT+ENTER=DOCUMENT PROPERTY Ctrl+Shift+Esc =TASK BAR Ctrl+Alt+Delete=TASK MANAGER Ctrl+Alt+F=FILE MENU OPTION Alt+Tab=Switch Window

Shift+Delete=CUT SELECT ITEM Ctrl+P=PRINT Alt+Enter=PROPERTY Ctrl+N=NEW FILE

FIRST GENERATION (1945-1956) ENIAC=ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR EDVAC=ELECTRONIC DISCRETE VARIABLE AUTOMATIC COMPUTER (1950) EDSAC=ELECTRONIC DELAY STORAGE AUTOMATIC COMPUTER (1949)

UIVAC=UNIVERSAL AUTOMATIC COMPUTER

 THEY WERE TO PRIMITIVE  THEY EMITED LARGE AMOUNT OF HEAT BECAUSE THEY USED LOTS OF VACCUM TUBE  AIR CONDITION WAS REQUIRED  THEY WERE UNRIVIABLE

THEY WERE NOT PORTABLE

(1956-1963)  IN THE SECOND GENERATION TRANSISTOR WERE USED IN PLACE OF VACCUM TUBE  TRANSISTOR ARE MORE COMPACT THAN VACCUM TUBE  THEY MODE UP OF SEMI CONDUCTOR THEY ARE ALSO MORE DURABLE THAN VACCUM TUBES THE THREE COMPUTER SECOND GENERATION

WHO

 IBM-1620-SCINTIFIC PURPOSE  IBM-1401-BUSINESS APPLICATION  CDC-3600- SCINTIFIC PURPOSE

 THEY WERE SMALLER THAN FIRST GENERATION COMPUTER  THEY GENERATE LESS HEAT  THEY TOOK LESS COMPUTER TIME  THEY WERE LESS PRONE TO FAILURE

DISADVANTAGE  THEY REQUIRED A.C  THEY REQUIRED FREQUENTLY MAINTAINCE  THEY WERE DIFFICULT AND QUITE EXPENSIVE

(1964-1971)  CCHIPS OR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT  IT IS MORE COMPACT THAN CIRCUIT  SINGLE(ICS)-HAS MANY TRANSISTOR

 THESE(ICS)ARE COMPACT

THAN A TRANSISTOR  RESISTOR AND CAPACITORS PLACED ON A SINGLE THIN OR SILICON  IBM-360-IBM (1964)  PDP-8-PEC-1965  PDP-11-DEC-1970  CRA-1-1974  VAX-1978

 THEY WERE SMALLER IN SIZE  THEY GENERATE LESS HEAT  THEY REDUCED COMPULATION AT TIME

 THEY ENVOLVE LOW MAINTAINCE COST  THEY WERE EASILY PORTABLE  THEY WERE COMPARATABLY CHEAPER

 VLSI AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF INTEGRATED CIRCUIT . COMPUTER COULD ONLY GET SMALL IN SIZE.  SINCE HUNDRED OF COMPUTER COULD FIT ON TO ONE CHIP.  VLSI SQUEEZED THOUSANDS OF COMPUTER IN ONE TIME.

 ALUARTHMETIC LOGIC UNIT  AMBADVANCED MICRO DEVICES  ASCIIAMERICAN STANDARD CODE FOR INFORMATION  ATADVANCED TECHNOLOGY

 BIOSBASIC INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM  CDCOMPACT DISK  CDRCOMPACT DISK RECODER  CDRWCOMPACT DISK REWRITER  CD-ROMCOMPACT DISK READ ONLY MEMORY  CPUCENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT  DDRDOUBLE DATA RATE  D-RAMDYNAMIC RENDEM ACCESS MEMORY  DVDDIGITAL VERSATILE DISK  DVD-RAMDIGITAL VERSATILE DISK RENDEM ACESS MEMORY  ECCERROR CORECTION CODE  EEPROMELECTRICALLY ERASABLE PROGRAMABAL READ ONLY MEMORY

 EPROMERASABLE PROGRAMABAL READ ONLY MEMORY  FDDFLOPPY DISK DRIVE  GBGIGA BYTES  GBPSGIGA BYTES PER SECOND  GHZGIGA HERTZ  HDDHARD DISK DRIVE  IBMINTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINE CORPORATION  ICINTEGRATED CIRCUIT  ISOINTERNATION STANDARD ORGANISATION  KBPSKILO BYTES PER SECOND  LANLOCAL AREA NETWORK  LCDLIQUID CRISTAL DISPLAY  LEDLIGHT EMITTING DIODE  MACMEDIA EXCESS CONTROL  MBMEGA BYTES

 MBPSMEGA BYTES PER SECOND  MAZMEGA HERTZ  NICNETWORK INTERFACE CARD  PCPERSONAL COMPUTER  RAMRENDOM ACCESS MEMORY  RD-RAMRAMBUS DIANAMIC RENDEM ACESS MEMORY  ROMREAD ONLY MEMORY  TBTERA BYTES  TBPSTERA BYTES PER SECOND  USBUNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS  VCDVEDIO COMPACT DISK  WANWIDE AREA NETWORK