Royal Rouge Magazine June Edition With Verona Moodley

JANUARY 2019

JUNE

16

The Soweto uprising was a series of demonstrations and protests led by black school children in South Africa that began on the morning of 16 June 1976.[1] Students from numerous Sowetan schools began to protest in the streets of Soweto in response to the introduction of Afrikaans as the medium of instruction in local schools.[2] It is estimated that 20,000 students took part in the protests. They were met with fierce police brutality. The number of protesters killed by police is usually given as 176, but estimates of up to 700 have been made.[3] [4][5] In remembrance of these events, 16 June is now a public holiday in South Africa, named Youth Day.[6].

Black South African high school students in Soweto protested against the Afrikaans Medium Decree of 1974, which forced all black schools to use Afrikaans and English in a 50–50 mix as languages of instruction.[7] The Regional Director of Bantu Education (Northern Transvaal Region), J.G. Erasmus, told Circuit Inspectors and Principals of Schools that from 1 January 1975, Afrikaans had to be used for mathematics, arithmetic, and social studies from standard five (7th grade), according to the Afrikaans Medium Decree; English would be the medium of instruction for general science and practical subjects (homecraft, needlework, woodwork, metalwork, art, agricultural science).[7] Indigenous languages would only be used for religious instruction, music, and physical culture.[8]

Photo By Omari Vince

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The association of Afrikaans with apartheid prompted black South Africans to prefer English. Even the Bantustan regimes chose English and an indigenous African language as official languages. In addition, English was gaining prominence as the language most often used in commerce and industry.

The 1974 decree was intended to forcibly reverse the decline of Afrikaans among black Africans. The Afrikaner-dominated government used the clause of the 1909 Union of South Africa Act that recognised only English and Dutch (the latter being replaced by Afrikaans in 1925) as official languages as the pretext to do so.[9] While all schools had to provide instruction in both Afrikaans and English as languages, white South African students learned other subjects in their home language.

Punt Janson, the Deputy Minister of Bantu Education at the time, was quoted as saying: "A Black man may be trained to work on a farm or in a factory. He may work for an employer who is either English-speaking or Afrikaans-speaking and the man who has to give him instructions may be either English-speaking or Afrikaans-speaking. Why should we now start quarrelling about the medium of instruction among the Black people as well? ...

No, I have not consulted them and I am not going to consult them. I have consulted the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa …"[10] The decree was resented deeply by blacks. Desmond Tutu, bishop of Lesotho and later Dean of Johannesburg, stated that Afrikaans was "the language of the oppressor". Teacher organisations, such as the African Teachers Association of South Africa, objected to the decree.[11] A change in language of instruction forced the students to focus on understanding the language instead of the subject material. This made critical analysis of the content difficult and discouraged critical thinking.[12] The resentment grew until 30 April 1976, when children at Orlando West Junior School in Soweto

went on strike, refusing to go to school. Their rebellion then spread to many other schools in Soweto.

Black South African students protested because they believed that they deserved to be treated and taught equally to white South Africans. A student from Morris Isaacson High School, Teboho "Tsietsi" Mashinini, proposed a meeting on 13 June 1976 to discuss what should be done. Students formed an Action Committee (later known as the Soweto Students' Representative Council),[13] which organised a mass rally for 16 June, to make themselves heard.

The police set their dog on the protesters, who responded by killing it.[19] The police then began to shoot directly at the children.

Among the first students to be shot dead were 15 year old Hastings Ndlovu and 13 year old Hector Pieterson, who were shot at Orlando West High School.[20] The photographer Sam Nzima took a photograph of a dying Hector Pieterson as he was carried away by Mbuyisa Makhubo and accompanied by his sister, Antoinette Sithole. The photograph became the symbol of the Soweto uprising. The police attacks on the demonstrators continued and 23 people died on the first day in Soweto. Among them was Dr On the morning of 16 June 1976, Melville Edelstein, who had devotbetween 10,000 and 20,000[14] ed his life to social welfare among black students walked from their blacks. He was stoned to death by schools to Orlando Stadium for a the mob and left with a sign around rally to protest against having to his neck proclaiming "Beware Afrilearn through Afrikaans in school.

Many students who later participat- kaners".[21] ed in the protest arrived at school The violence escalated, as botthat morning without prior knowltle stores and beer halls—seen as edge of the protest, yet agreed to become involved. The protest was outposts of the apartheid government—were targeted, as were the planned by the Soweto Students' official outposts of the state. The Representative Council's (SSRC) violence abated by nightfall. Police Action Committee,[15] with supvans and armoured vehicles paport from the wider Black Consciousness Movement. Teachers in trolled the streets throughout the Soweto also supported the march night. after the Action Committee emphasised good discipline and peaceful Emergency clinics were swamped with injured and bloody children. action.

The police requested that the hosTsietsi Mashinini led students from pital provide a list of all victims with Morris Isaacson High School to join bullet wounds to prosecute them for rioting. The hospital adminisup with others who walked from trator passed this request to the Naledi High School.[16] The students began the march only to find doctors, but the doctors refused out that police had barricaded the to create the list. Doctors recorded bullet wounds as abscesses.[13] road along their intended route.

The leader of the action committee [20] The 1,500 heavily armed poasked the crowd not to provoke the lice officers deployed to Soweto on 17 June carried weapons includpolice and the march continued ing automatic rifles, stun guns, and on another route, eventually endcarbines.[13] They drove around ing up near Orlando High School. in armoured vehicles with helicop[17] The crowd of between 3,000 ters monitoring the area from the and 10,000 students made their way towards the area of the school. sky. The South African Army was Students sang and waved placards also ordered on standby as a tactical measure to show military force. with slogans such as, "Down with Afrikaans", "Viva Azania" and "If we Crowd control methods used by must do Afrikaans, Vorster must do South African police at the time included mainly dispersement techZulu".[18] niques.

Uprising

Credits &

Sponsors

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Her Own

Selaelo Moshi Special Thanks to Royal Rouge Subcribers

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w w w. f a c e b o o k . c o m / selaelomoshi/

10 UPFRONT & PERSONAL I'm a full on metal head(slam kid lol) however I enjoy other genres of music too because I have a huge appreciation for music. I have a few tattoos, not nearly enough, and a few piercings. I am looking at getting some more body modifications done in the very near future.

20 YOUR BEAUTY TUTORIAL

As always, the beauty world can be a complex one, so you are certainly not alone if you feel bombarded and overwhelmed by the range of choices you have when it comes to products.

28 SMART SHOPPER Best New Bikini in Town. Purchase

your favourite bikini on an affordable price from Kaydon Bikini's.

32 ABOUT HER lingerie: Is it having a matching bra and panty or perhaps G string? Is it wearing a short in length lace dress that doesn’t’t cover your butt with matching bra and panty?

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38 KITCHEN CORNER "Chia isn’t likely to cause a reaction or trigger symptoms, as with some other foods that are known allergens or spark GI-related symptoms," says Harbstreet.

40 KITCHEN CORNER Good news. It’s super simple to add chia to your diet. A relatively tasteless seed, they’re easy to sprinkle on yogurt or blend into your morning sip.

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Modified

JUNE 2019 52 LIFESTYLE

Are you giving all your energy to others while putting your life and health on the back burner? Recapture your health and happiness with these 8 tips.

64 LIFESTYLE

GREETINGS

from Wakanda. Unless you live under a rock, at this point, everyone who has not yet watched Black Panther has heard a thing or two about how groundbreaking this movie is. Let’s forget how it continues to smash Box Office records for a second: Black Panther has successfully done with female characters what other MCU films have failed to do by giving them enough depth to stand on their own, and not just as a shadow of their male

»» p.32

counterparts.

About Us »» p.42

»» p.32

»» p.44

We are lifestyle digital magazine that enables promotional & marketing experience whereby we promote and market brands, products, organizations and artist. It was found in 2016 and registered in 2017, we’ve worked with variety organizations/companies locally. RR is based in Johannesburg south (Orange farm) and we are a cooperative.

We are the best at what we do and we have active clients under our umbrella whom have vision and mission for greatness.

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Distinguished Model and Career Women Verona Moodley – Women who influence…

Verona Moodley

(Johannesburg) – Sunshine mixed with a little hurricane.

Born and raised in Durban, living and working in Johannesburg.

Graduated with a B.com Accounting Degree from UNISA and an MBA from the University of Reading.

I am an ambitious career woman currently heading up the Business Integration Department at Absa, dedicated mom to my son Tristyn and daughter Kitana, and a part time fashion model.

elated with the experience and lessons learnt from what goes on behind the camera.

My favorite designers are Jlee Designs and DeeFR. Tami James have been side by side with me on many shoots ensuring my make-up and hair is always gorgeous. I wish I could take them home with me after each shoot!

So much of my adult learning has been form the people I have met along the way, who I have watched and learnt from.

They inspired me to want more from life and to work towards it, setting goals and milestones for myself. This has been both in my fulltime career as a manager and ‘secret life’ as a part-time model.

When I started modelling, I was extremely shy and I had very little confidence about my appearance.

Talking to my friends I find this is something that so many women feel. Over time I have managed to face many of my fears. Step by step I have become stronger personally and professionally, supported by coaching, mentoring, modelling and practice. Life is amazing but also can be tough and we all need people to help us on the journey.

How my modelling career began.

I was scouted by a modelling agency while walking through a shopping Centre. From there I signed up with a modelling agency and started the journey. Life happens and so career, family and studies started to become my priority, but I still loved modelling. 2 children & 1 MBA later I’m still pursing the dream and my passion and flair for fashion.

I continued to build up my part time modelling career as a freelance model in Johannesburg. I have been What am I about? involved in mostly fashion photography over the past I focus on driving success few years and am absolutely and ensuring high respect and regard, both for myself 10

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and those around me. I believe in Value, Glory, Hope, Efficiency and Positive energy.

I dress for success and make sure that the way I look serves my purpose, ambitions and audience.

I’ve personally struggled growing up - always being the tallest girl in the class, and always feeling “odd” around the other girls. It took me while to discover that it was actually not a bad thing and that most of us struggle with something.

As soon as I began to embrace it, and accept myself, my confidence grew.

Awareness plays a huge part in your life. Becoming aware of how to use your positive traits and work with what you have helped me grow into myself, accepting the person I am rather than trying to be someone else.

Modelling for me was the tip of the ice berg. The industry has given me new experiences, shown me breathtaking venues, and I have made such good friends along the way. Being a model has also exposed me to a lot of different skills such as proper posture and poise, communication skills, the importance of nutrition and exercise. But most of all it has given me self-confidence which is so important both for my ‘day’ career and everyday life.

What can I do to make a difference?

CONTINUE READING ON PAGE 17

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UPFRONT & PERSONAL

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UPFRONT & PERSONAL

What can I do to make a difference?

Giving back. I believe that everything is connected, your gifts, your circumstances, your purpose, your imperfections.

This molds your journey and destiny. I use all the traits that I have learnt along the way to help career women in the workplace, whether it is embracing their femininity, or making a small difference in telling someone how amazing they look today….

What are my favorite things?

Pasta, Warm days, Arts and Crafts, and most of all spending time with my children.

Where I want to go next I want to be an Influencer to career women and moms out there to strive and own it!

Building my brand through business, modeling and fashion. There are a lot of us that put in major work, who get up early for school and work. Women who still study and work. Grind, sacrifice and discipline. Women who preserve and prioritize selfworth and love. There is hope to rise above all and hold it down even when times are tough. I want to be proof of it.

My personal brand is “Don’t Just Chase Passion, Look for Opportunity!”

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UPFRONT & PERSONAL

ART YOUR

NAILS STATEMENT IN A HAND

with beautiful and gorgeous way to add flair to your look. Nail art can complement your outfit for special event or add a unique touch to your personality every day.

by Sipho Ngondo

A

s always, the beauty world can be a complex one, so you are certainly not alone if you feel bombarded and overwhelmed by the range of choices you have when it comes to products.

Just have a look at the eye-shadows out there; not only are you having to select the colors and brand you want, but they’ve also decided to make eyeshadow in a variety of consistencies, just to confuse us! Well, not quite – there actually are some valid uses for the different types of eyeshadow, and we’re here to tell you about them and how to use them. You’re welcome!

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Art it.

This year nail art is treading and comes with lots of styles and we gotta maket on point that we rocking it from top to bottom If you can’t handle it working on both nails, we having several salons that can work the magic and put a smile on that

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pretty face .so it’s all about nail art

YOUR BEAUTY TUTORIAL

A. Hot and jeweled style

your nails clean without any nail polish clear nail polish is Make up and nail art work al- there to keep them shiny and pretty .there is that one thing together in conjunction depending on your mood, how we have to take notice is that round and short nails are makyou want to rock it whether Gothic, or just a simple girl but ing a comeback. the important is to do more of you, what makes you feel awePrepare your nails some.

REMOVE OLD NAIL POLISH. • We looking at dark nail polish that would look nice with a bit Make sure you’re starting with of metallic touch for example a a clean slate by removing any old polish still lingering on black nail your nails, wash your hands Polish with some little dash of with warm water and dry them off. metallic blue.

Tips:

your nail from getting stained or damaged by nail polish and other nail art materials.

Apply one layer of base-coat and allow it to completely dry before proceeding.

Some base-coats remain tacky after drying. This texture is meant to help the next layer, the polish, stay in place longer without chipping.

Choose whichever base-coat you like best.

PAINT JUST THE TIP OF YOUR NAIL A DIFFERENT COLOR. Choose two complementary colors that will look great on the same nail.

TRIM AND FILE YOUR • Or maybe a change of style NAILS. Shape your nails to when we remove that metallic make the neat. Since you’re blue and get left with black. creating nail art, try not to trim Then what to do next. We havthe too short. It’s better to have ing many style to inset on the Apply a base-coat color or a more space to work with. black for instant inserting difclear base-coat. Allow the polferent pattens on you black ish to dry.

APPLY A BASE-COAT. nail polish with a white nail Base-coats are usually clear polish like lines .or spots.

Place a French manicure stickor bluish in color, and can be er, use a similar-shaped sticker, purchased wherever nail pol- such as the circular stickers B. Short and round ish is sold. Base-coats protect that reinforce punched holes in Let’s say you want to keep

7

ways to

put the sexual

Spark back in your

Relationship

By Gina Vivinetto It happens to the best of couples. In the beginning, the two of you can’t keep your hands off each other. But over time, especially when life gets tough, that sexy spark can fizzle. xperts say there are ways to get the spark back, but first we need to "ditch the myth" that sex should always be spontaneous and easy.

The signs that a couple is in a sexual rut can vary, according to Amy Levine, a New York City-based sex coach and the founder of Ignite Your Pleasure, but some common ones include:

Sex is happening infrequently — or not at all.

Sex has become routine.

Only one partner seems to be initiating sex — and that partner is often rejected.

psychologist, certified sex therapist, and founder of Florida’s Whole Health Psychological Center. She hears from couples who aren't touching intimately anymore —not holding hands or kissing for longer than just a peck.

Sometimes partners get to the point where they just don't see each other sexually, said Dr. Rachel Needle, a licensed

Another sign ? When partners no longer pay attention to their physical appearances.

Typically, desire and

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passion are at their highest at the beginning of a relationship.

"When people get comfortable in their relationships and all of life’s other factors come into play, desire sometimes fizzles off if not worked at,” Needle says.

RELATED: What two words are the secret to a happy marriage?

Both experts say there are ways to get the spark back, but first we need to “ditch the myth” that sex

Should always be spontaneous and easy, said Needle. Like any other aspect of a healthy relationship, good sex takes time and energy.

You have to make an effort.

Start by focusing on your connection with one another, both experts say. Being able to communicate is essential both in and outside of the bedroom. Ask your

partner the same kinds of questions you’d feel safe asking a good friend. Be open about your feelings, whether you're talking about your day at the office or your intimate desires.

dopamine —together.

One thing that caused butterflies when you first met was the chemical cocktail in your bodies, says Levine. "Recreate this by doing something novel. Check out a new Once the communication restaurant, take a cooking is back on track, try these class together — do seven tips to reignite the something fun that you’re spark: both excited to try,” she said.

1. Boost your

RELATED: 5 Relationship warning signs couple should never ignore 2. KISS MORE OFTEN.

Levine. “Don’t think about whether you want to try them or not. Just list them.” Next, rate each topic on a scale of 1-5 for how willing you are to try it. Share your answers with one another. See if you can come up with something new to try together.

At the beginning of a relationship, couples often enjoy deep kissing, but over time they tend to stop. “Continuing to hug, kiss, cuddle is an important component of a RELATED: healthy relationship,” she Could your relationship said. survive 'The Marriage Test'? Try this experiment 3. REMEMBER WHAT IT to see WAS LIKE WHEN YOU FIRST MET. 5. KEEP THE MYSTERY

Turn off the TV and reminisce about the fun times you had — even sexually, if that’s the case — when you first met, said Levine.

Read an erotic novel or watch a sexy movie to get yoursef in the mood. Think about times you were most sexually excited.

“You may even want to write out a script of fantasy to share with your partner,” said Needle.

7. SEEK OUT A SEX COACH. Though many people know intellectually they need to make changes with their partner, they

often need to talk with an expert to figure out No matter how long how to do it, said Levine. you’ve been together, “Having a coach is a great make an effort to be way to not only get expert seductive and keep your guidance and support, erotic connection fresh. but to have someone 4. MAKE A LIST OF “Put some surprise into hold you accountable SEXUAL POSSIBILITIES. the relationship. Break the for the transformation predictable pattern every to take place,” she said.

Look through a sex book so often,” said Needle.

Keep in mind, says Levine, together and be inspired “This can help keep desire professional sex coaches by its suggestions. alive.” like herself are merely “Make a list of at least there to talk, like any ten possibilities,” said 6. GET IN TOUCH WITH therapist.

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ALIVE.

YOUR OWN SEXUALITY.

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LIPSTICK

8 Genius Tricks for Your Best Lipstick Ever A fresh coat of lipstick can instantly revamp your look, carry you through from day to night, or transform you from demure to vixen in seconds flat. But are you really getting the most you can out of your favorite lipstick? We consulted the experts for the top tips and tricks for getting your best lipstick look ever.

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STICK IT UP

Soften lines.

After applying lip liner, trace your finger over it to soften the line. Next, use a concealer lighter than your skin tone to be applied around the very border of your lips to create a bolder look, says Mayo.

Apply lipstick first, then add Set lipstick for lasting power. lip liner.

To make your lipstick last all The lip liner will go on smoother day, apply the shade, blot with and more easily, and applying a tissue, and dust a thin layer of lipstick first enables you to see powder over lips. Next, reapply the exactly where you need the lip lipstick—this will form a base for liner, says celebrity makeup longer wearing lip coverage, says artist Ramy Gafni. Bonus: When Mayo. your lip color starts to fade, the liner and lipstick will fade away Try the finger trick. together, sparing you the illadvised “ring” around your lips. After applying your lip color, Only use lip liner to define do the “finger trick” to prevent the shape of your actual lipstick from getting on your lips. teeth. Put your finger in your mouth and close your lips Never create your “own” lip around your finger. With lips line. Remember, it’s about still closed, pull your finger keeping it natural: You want to out. Any lip product that would enhance your lips, not create have ended up on your teeth is new ones, says Annie Mayo, now on your finger, says Gafni. makeup artist and founder of Choose the method that works Advanced Mineral Makeup. for you.

BEAUTY CORNER Where you begin and end your lipstick application doesn’t matter.

Some people apply lipstick in the center of their lips and work their way to the outer corners, others start applying on one corner of their lips and draw the lipstick on all the way around.

The manner of application is personal preference, says Gafni.

It’s the end result that counts.

Cater to your features.

Dark, matte shades will make lips look thinner, while light, glossy, shimmery shades make lips look fuller, says Gafni.

Be mindful of how you use your lips.

Try to drink from a straw instead of putting your lips smack on the edge of a cup or glass where color will rub off, says Wendy Lewis of Beauty In The Bag. The less you eat, drink, kiss, and touch your lips, the longer your lip color will last.

Smart SHOPPER SMOOTH

Walk the Walk HEALTHY SKIN THIS WINTER

Model- Thandolwethu Makeup- Kayla Morris

L

et’s keep it all the way real: the best new skincare gadgets aren’t exactly a necessity, but they’re way more fun than using our hands. And when used correctly and consistently, they actually do a good job of helping us tackle all-too-common annoyances, like acne and peach fuzz whenever we want smoother layers. At the same time, as our tolerance for popular but harmful ingredients dies down,

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SMART SHOPPER our interest in technologically advanced inventions that combine convenience and health benefits also grows.

What we’re really trying to say is that no matter what your skin goals are, there are a lot of options out there, even if you’re ballin’ on a budget like us. Ahead are some truly useful and downright cool gadgets that we’d happily add into our rotation. Some are drugstore price; others … not so much.

NuFace.

NuFace FIX Line Smoothing Device Considering the fact that this tool covers a very wide gamut of skin concerns including fine lines, loss of firmness and dullness, I’m actually not mad at the price tag. NuFace’s latest innovation is a hand-held tool, powered by a microcurrent, that aims to give you a facelift minus the invasive surgery. After cleansing your face and applying the accompanying serum, move the tool like an eraser in quick, small strokes over fine lines and wrinkles. Treat each part of the face for three minutes each and up to twice daily. Voila!

BeautyBio. BeautyBio Full Body Routine GloPRO® Microneedling Regeneration Tool Set This limited-edition set includes not only an athome microneedling tool for exfoliation but a smoothing body cream and facial oil to curb irritation afterward too. Just be sure to only use on clean skin and prep with the GloPRO Prep Pads Clarifying Skin Cleansing Wipes first. $229 at Sephora

Clarisonic

Clarisonic Mia Prima Cleansing Brush The newest brush from this iconic cleansing brand comes in just one mode with one button to make washing your face simpler than ever. We’re also particularly excited about the Soft Start feature which starts with a gentle exfoliation before adjusting power as you use.

Clarisonic cleansing brush heads.

$99 at Ulta

Michael Todd.

Michael Todd Beauty Clear Bilight 2-in-1 LED Acne Treatment Device We’ve waxed poetic about the benefits of LED light therapy before. Most tools fall on the more expensive side, so we’re excited to find an affordable exception.

The combined power of blue light (for eliminating bacteria) and red light (for speeding the healing process) makes this tool an effective solution for acne.

$99 at Ulta

ReFa.

ReFa Carat Face Waterproof and suitable for all skin types, this platinum face roller (hence the price tag) is a super soothing solution that glides across the skin to help tighten it over time.

$220

at Sephora www.sephora.com

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Skin Inc.

Skin Inc. Optimizer Voyage Tri-Light This next-level light therapy tool combines multiple colors to address a multitude of concerns. The red light addresses elasticity, while the blue light soothes and calms, and the yellow light brightens tone.

StackedSkincare.

StackedSkincare Ice Roller This stainless steel, cost-effective barrel roller delivers a blast of cold air to the skin, thus decreasing redness and puffiness.

$265

at Sephora www.sephora.com

$30

at Sephora www.sephora.com

Urban Skin Rx

Urban Skin Rx DermRenew Microneedling Tool As long as you’re not dealing with any painful breakouts or open wounds, this athome spa tool is ideal for every-other-week use to speed up cell turnover and exfoliate away dead skin for a revived, brighter complexion.

$34

at Urban Skin Rx Www.urbanskinrx.com

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Good Quality Shoes Not

Included

Aderonbi Culture Front Knotted Bikini

Shop @

www.aderonbiculture.co.za

Photo By Omari Vincee

lingerie: Is it having a matching bra and panty or perhaps G string? Is it wearing a short in length lace dress that doesn’t’t cover your butt with matching bra and panty?

by Leah Tukwane 34

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SMART SHOPPER

25 INTERESTING

FACTS ABOUT UNDERWEAR

By Karin Lehnardt, Senior Writer Published February 27, 2017 The average American woman owns approximately 21 pairs of underwear. Approximately 10% of women own over 35 pairs.[7] Ten-year-old Jack Singer of Warwick, New York, wore 215 pairs of underwear simultaneously on June 13, 2010. He broke the previous record of 200 pairs.[2] While underwear may or may not be worn under kilts, tradition holds that a “true Scotsman” would wear nothing underneath.[3] Trend analysts observe that a woman who wears a g-string is typically a woman who feels more uninhibited and more confident to display her body. Sexually, she is more willing to try different and creative positions.

[3] Sexual researchers note that a woman who chooses to wear white cotton panties tends to be a low maintenance and a no-frills type of a woman. Researchers note that this is akin to letting a man see her without makeup.[3] The average woman will wear six different bra sizes throughout her life.[7] Most bras should be replaced every 6 months.[7] Fun Underwear Fact An ill-fitting bra can cause health problems Bras that don’t fit correctly can cause back strain and loss of breast firmness.[7] The country with the most underwear models working for Victoria’s Secret is Brazil.[4] The highest-paid Victoria’s Secret model of all time is Giselle Bündchen. At one point, she was earning nearly $5 million a year.[4]

The size of an average woman is 5' 4" and 135 pounds.

The size of a Victoria’s Secret model is 5' 10 " and 112 pounds. The typical measurements for a Victoria’s Secret model are a 34" bust, 24" waist, and 34" hips.[4] The U.K. typically sells the highest number of the largest bra cup sizes. Japan usually sells the most of the smallest sizes.[11] A 2008 survey revealed that 9% of men in America have underwear that is at least 10 years old. Fifteen percent own underwear that is between 5-9 years old.[10] After police in Colfax, Washington, arrested Greg Flaherty for hanging around an apartment laundry room, they discovered he had stolen over 1,613 pairs of women’s underwear. Reports do not indicate whether they were stolen before or after they were washed.[2] In Italy, women celebrate New Years by wearing red underwear because it is considered lucky.[2] On October 14, 1996, a student pledging for the Kappa Alpha fraternity at Texas A&M required emergency care after receiving injuries from a wedgie. He had to have one of his testicles removed as a result of the injury.[2] After Michael Hirschey gave Erik Kurtis Low a wedgie on May 8, 2003, Low fatally shot him. The prosecutor for the case said in his closing arguments “that receiving a wedgie is not a reason to kill somebody.”[2] In 2005, a member of Virginia’s House of Delegates, Algi T. Howell, proposed a $50 fine for wearing pants that showed one’s underwear. The bill did not pass.[2] Men’s briefs were invented in 1935. A contemporary magazine ad touted the brief’s “scientific suspension” and “restful buoyancy.”[2] A survey in 1998 revealed that 60% of French men change their underwear daily. Approximately 75% of French women change their underwear daily.[2] According to bra-fitting experts, approximately 80% of women are wearing the wrong bra size.[7]

H

ang up the lingerie to dry if possible. if not , clip on the straps and the middle portion of the bra, unless you want an imprint of the clothes peg on the padded portion, never snag a peg on the cups portion.

Use a lingerie bag when drying your delicates in a clothes dryer. Stowing them in their original shapes is the best way to preserve the shape .if you crush them or fold them you are likely to destroy the shape of the bra, if you are not careful, not only will the bra not enhance your cleavage, you might end up looking like you have extra nipple.

Never leave anything under direct sunlight for too long as this may take away the vibrancy of the colours.

Soak your colored clothes in salt water before washing it with detergent. It helps to seal the colours. No scientific proof yet but so far it works. No harm trying.

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ABOUT HER

In 2012, Zimbabwe banned the importation and sale of second-hand underwear.

Lawmakers hope the ban will help address health concerns and help the country’s own domestic textile industry.[15] The word “skivvies” appeared in 1932 as nautical slang for underwear. While the term is of unknown origin, earlier use of skivvy/skivey was London slang for “female domestic servant.”[3] The word “wedgie” is derived from “wedge-heeled shoe” and became popular in the 1970s from the effect it gave the victim.[3] Single people are less likely to change their underwear on a daily basis than married people—82% versus 88%, respectively.[10] African American psychologist Tara Raines argues that bra manufacturers cater only to white women in “nude” collections and is urging them to rethink the limited range of natural colors available to ethnic women.[13] The global underwear business is estimated to be worth over $30 billion. Bras represent over 50% of the overall market, briefs approximately 33%, and corsetry more than 10%.[12]

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EatSMART eatingchia SEEDS REALLY AID WEIGHT LOSS?

The tiny ingredient packs a serious punch

OatmealStoriesGetty Images Guess what's still knocking around the health scene? Chia seeds.

With good reason, too. These small black seeds, which experienced a boom soaked in milk to make a pudding or scattered over salads a couple of years ago, are a nutritional powerhouse, rich in fibre, (25g portion of chia seeds = approximately 9g of fibre), and are relatively high in protein.

Thanks to the above, they can be a great addition to your diet, especially if you're a vegetarian or vegan and might be looking for a high-protein, animal product-free breakfast.

PLACE YOUR AD HERE ONLY FOR R85pm Westend61Getty Images

But can chia seeds really help me lose weight?

All that fibre in chia seeds could certainly help. Increased fibre intake can help with weight-loss goals, according to a study published in Annals of Internal Medicine.

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KITCHEN CORNER

Chia seeds are also a good source of protein, which is an important piece to the weight-loss puzzle.

In a study published in Nutrition Metabolism, dieters who increased their protein intake to 30 percent of their diet ate nearly 450 fewer calories a day and lost more than half a stone over the 12-week study without employing any other dietary measures.

In a study published in Nutrition Metabolism, dieters who increased their protein intake to 30 percent of their diet ate nearly 450 fewer calories a day and lost more than half a stone over the 12-week study without employing any other dietary measures.

Ultimately, though, weight loss is all about paying attention to your overall diet and exercise routine—not about eating more (or less) of one certain food.

"No single food or ingredient is able to do that, so if you’re hoping for chia to solve your health concerns or be the catalyst for dramatic weight loss, I recommend reaching out to a dietitian for support for your individual goals," says Harbstreet.

That also means chia seeds won't help you burn belly fat—or magically boost your metabolism.

Are there side effects to eating chia seeds?

A serving size of chia seeds is about two tablespoons—and there's a reason for that limit.

Have you ever seen chia seed pudding at your local health food store, or made it on your own at home? If so, then you’ve seen how the seeds absorb liquid and expand in volume. Now imagine that expansion happening... inside your stomach.

That's not necessarily a bad thing—unless you're Advertisement - Continue loading up on chia seeds in favour of other foods.

Reading Below "It’s not an issue to eat to Too much fibre often translates to bloating and fullness, but if it’s replacing other foods in your diarrhoea—fun.

You might also find your- diet, you may be inadvertently reducing the variety self feeling fuller than of foods and nutrients in usual after eating chia your overall eating patseeds—for better or for worse. tern," says Harbstreet.

Think about it this way: "Chia isn’t likely to cause a reaction or trigger symptoms, as with some other foods that are known allergens or spark GI-related symptoms," says Harbstreet. "That being said, a sudden and drastic increase in fibre intake could potentially cause some ‘misbehaviours,’ especially for people who previously consumed very little fibre."

Good news. It’s super simple to add chia to your diet. A relatively tasteless seed, they’re easy to sprinkle on yogurt or blend into your morning sip.

"You can eat them raw, toasted, soaked, or cooked," says Becky Kerkenbush, RD, and medical representative to the Wisconsin Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

"They can also make a great egg substitution in baking, by combining one tablespoon ground chia seeds with three tablespoons water to replace one egg."

Marco Schneider / EyeEmGetty Images Advertisement Continue Reading Below Chia seeds might help you feel satiated, but long-term weight loss will require rethinking your overall diet and nutrition plan.

16 kinds of protein that help you lose weight

by Men's Health UK Advertisement: 0:10

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KITCHEN CORNER

axed Suits has been

The ninth series of the show will be its last

Suits, the slick American legal series that introduced the world to Meghan Markle, has been axed. A statement released by TV network SYFY confirmed that the forthcoming ninth season will be its last, running at 10 episodes long.

Markle, who played legal secretary Rachel Zane, departed the show at the end of the seventh season ahead of her marriage to Prince Harry - along with co-star Patrick J. Adams, who played her love interest Mike Ross. The pair had been leading characters since the start of the series and were firm fan favourites.

HOW

The Suits cast learnt of Meghan's relationship

While no specific reason for the show's axing has been given, many are speculating that Suits struggled to find its footing following their departure; according to reports, season eight averaged at 1.2 million viewers, a drop of 100,000 from season seven. However, viewing figures have been slowly declining since the start of the show; the first series aired with an average of 4.6 million viewers in 2011.

"Suits has played an instrumental role in our network's DNA for nearly a decade," said Chris McCumber, president of USA Network and SYFY. "I and everyone at USA Network sincerely thank Aaron Korsh, our partners at UCP and the entire Suits family for their tremendous creativity, devotion and support over a truly amazing run."

Following her departure from the show, Markle appeared to remain close with her Suits co-stars, with several of them attending her royal wedding back in May.

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Wear a suit. The best outfit will showcase your personality and confidence, and sometimes dresses don’t do that. Opt for a slimmer suit with a womenswear jacket, which will hit at your waist instead of below it. For a less fitted style, choose a relaxed, slouchy style instead of boxy.[13] o Alternatively, wear tailored pants with a detailed top, but avoid fabrics like jersey and

HOW TO

denim, which can be too casual.

Choose shoes for style and comfort. Unless the shoes are used to highlight or accent something, choose heels or boots that don’t distract from Avoid over-accessorizing since your outfit.[14] it can be too distracting for people you’re talking to. Choose o If you don’t wear heels, something that complements try ballet flats, but don’t wear your clothing choices and your sneakers.[15] personality.[17] It could start a o If your outfit is black, choose conversation. colorful shoes for a pop of personality. o Cocktail rings have colorful precious jewels (either real or Choose a minimal handbag. reproductions) that make a bold You should only bring the statement. However, the size of essentials to a cocktail party. the stone can look gaudy when Large purses packed full can combined with a necklace, both feel and look weighty.[16] earrings, and a bracelet.[18] Go easy on yourself and lighten your load.

Pick one standout accessory.

The Duchess of Sussex spoke about leaving the show during her first joint interview with Prince Harry in November 2017.

"I see it as new change, a new chapter. I've been working on my show [for] seven years, we were so fortunate to have that longevity, and I feel like I checked that box and am very proud of the work I've done there," she said. Recent reports that the duchess had been offered millions - to donate to a charity of her choice - to film a cameo appearance were swiftly denied.

HowToPutYourselfFirst:8 Tips For Health And

Happiness

Above all, be true to yourself, and if you cannot put your heart in it, take yourself out of it.

But you must also listen to yourself to know what it is your heart needs to be in, and then have the courage and commitment to move towards that.

Every day, we are pulled in so many different directions; from your kids to your boss, the pulling rarely ceases. Sometimes I daydream about what it would be like to throw in the towel for a week and hibernate until I got some away time and recharged my batteries.

It’s mentally draining. It can suck your lifeblood and leave absolutely no time for anything else. Forget working out, eating healthy or even just sitting down to read a book that interests you. Basically, there is no time or energy left for putting your needs into the equation.

I’m going to cut straight to the chase without sugar fluffing reality: life isn’t easy but we have to find ways to adapt and be happy. It all comes down to these THREE words: putting yourself first.

Then you must make it your mission to go out, hunt yourself down and care for yourself like never before. I can say from personal experience that the ONLY way I was able to lose 40 pounds, to be an author for Muscle & Strength, to become a transformation story for an international ad campaign, to make it to the finals of NBC’s Biggest Loser trainer auditions, to begin my own company and then start another one that is touching people’s lives in a healthy way, to be happy with myself, was and still is by putting myself first.

The power to do this is within each of us. It took a lot of practice to learn how to put myself first. For so long, I was putting myself last and that’s how my life began spiraling downward. It wasn’t until I realized I had a choice, that I made the choice to begin moving forward healthfully.

We’re all different people in this world and we all play different parts. What You are an actual being that needs to be we have in common is the ability to loved with great care, just like everyone feel, the ability to move mountains and else. You deserve to be loved as equally the ability to choose how we will live as you love others. You may say, “but I’m a our lives. If you want to move forward caretaker, an employee, a wife, a daughter, towards a healthy body and mind (and a sister, a friend.” And I’ll reply, “you can yes, the two most definitely connect) be all these things and still be your own then you must begin moving in that self.” In fact, if you’ve lost yourself in the direction and here’s how. hustle and bustle of caretaking for others,

Putting Yourself First

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going to feel on top of the world, like you can conquer The choice is yours to anything before you and make: will you go out, you will. You will also feel hunt her down and do a sense of empowerment what you need to do to and self love for giving regain your happiness yourself the time and or will you continue serving everyone else but energy before you gave anything else that energy yourself. that you needed for you to be happy. Then, you’ll be Prioritize yourself into able to give more to other the equation. You wake things and people. up and make your daily to Making the time do list which is usually 20 items long, and most of work for you. To them are centered around be prepared, you must other people or things, prepare. You hear it all not you. I say put yourself the time: your friend or first on the list. This will be inspiration announces on a a challenging change to Sunday night on Facebook grasp at first, but everything that she’s prepping her weekly meals and you mastered takes practice.

Part of being healthy is think, “pssshhhh, if I only working out physically. have the time.” Well, you So put your workout first do. Those other people thing on your list. Get your are “making the time.” workout in, because when They have figured out you’re finished with putting HOW to make health and you first for the day, you’re themselves a priority.

You have a choice.

This may be a hard pill to swallow, but have you figured out yet that the source of your unhappiness centers not on everyone and everything you’re caring for, but instead... you. Three years ago, I was lying on the floor of my apartment listening to Sarah Mclaughlin. I was looking at pictures from New Year's Eve and I just fell apart. I laid back on the ground and began sobbing.

After 5 minutes of balling my eyes out, I got up and went into the bathroom, leaned over the sink and into the mirror and saw and realized two things: I didn’t know whose sad, green eyes I was looking into and that after that moment of me vs. me, I realized: I have a Choice. It dawned on me so hard I just stood there looking into my eyes until they opened wide, I stood

. It dawned on me so hard I just stood there looking into my eyes until they opened wide, I stood up tall and was just shell shocked. I said it again to myself, “I have a choice…” And then I thought of my past and my future and what I wanted for myself in my life and thought, “I always have had a choice and I always will.” The choice was mine for the past 2 years I let my body and self go. I didn’t know who I was anymore and that was the result of me letting go and that was a choice. Everything we do is a choice and every choice has an action and every action has a reaction and over time it builds up. It doesn’t happen over night but it happens, slowly and then one day you realize what you have created from your choices. Sometimes it’s good, sometimes bad…

8 TIPS FOR HEALTH AND HAPPINESS

So let’s get down to business here in this final section.

If you want to be happy, healthy and love what you’re doing and giving to the world, then you must choose to do so.

Tip #1 - Listen To Your Heart “Be faithful to that which exists within yourself.” - Andre Gide Listen to your needs, your desires, to what your heart is telling you. If you are out of balance, if you feel something isn’t right, if you know you are not giving yourself enough, if you know you want to lead a healthy life but don’t know why you haven’t started or can’t stick to it, this is your heart telling you you’re not going down the path it honestly wants.

So what do you do, how do you answer these feelings and questions…you start. Listen, then act.

Tip #2 - Find Your Purpose Write down what you want for yourself. Whatever it is, write it down.

Tip #3 - Outline The Path To Your Success Write down the steps it will take, even if it requires a day by day analysis, to get to each desire you have.

You can also call these goals. Don’t finish writing until you have thought about them all. You may even add an additional desire after thinking about it more.

Tip #4 - Prepare Like You Mean It This is yours. You are in this game. Prepare yourself in 48

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the way you know YOU turn doing for you…. need to so that you can Tip #6 - Balance Is take that first step.

first…because it just is.

It’s that way because it’s what you have to do to Everything be happy. This is more Remember that if all of your Maybe it’s planning your important than anything energy is going away from meals so that you can be else, now and forever. you and nothing is coming on point with a healthy Let’s twist this in favor back, you will not be happy. diet. Then tell your family, of others and take the Balance is everything in or write down on your burden off you. If you are life. Yin/Yang, Sun/Moon, Sunday to do list, that unhappy, you will be less Positive/Negative, Light/ you will be prepping your likely to joyfully do other Dark... Without one, there meals from 4-5pm and things for people. If you cannot be another. If you need to do your shopping are happy, then you will are always giving and not at 2pm to hit this deadline. have more heart, soul and giving back to yourself, Tell them all, and tell energy to give to other there is and always will be yourself you will do it. It’s things and people. something missing. a date.

Seek Balance and you will Tip #8 - Put Yourself Tip #5 - Re-ignite find balance.

First Your Motivation Daily Tip #7 - Remember Stop living for other things Bring energy into the and other people. Live That You Are game and do what you for You. Don’t ever forget Important have to do to keep that the power, strength Your happiness is energy burning high. and passion you have. important. You are Never stop finding ways Sometimes it’ll be buried important. Yes, you are. to keep your training and Remember to cut yourself by all the fog of the day to diet motivation at the day, but don’t ever stop slack. You don’t need ceiling. Remember your unburying or moving anyone else to tell you purpose, why are you that it’s ok to put yourself towards the path you know doing this and what is it in you must travel.

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Etresia Van Der Merwe

A

professional curvaceous model (Size 14 - 16) located in the Vaal (Vanderbijlpark).Her modelling career started off when someone from the local University asked Her to pose for a few photos for a CD cover design she had to do in her Graphic design class. From there, she said I was hooked. My portfolio started growing after I joined a portfolio club in the area, where I had the opportunity to shoot on a monthly basis. It has only been recently that I signed up with an agency and my experience on Catwalk and fashion shows grew. As for studying.

Don't think that models have nothing in between the ears. I am currently in the final stages of my Masters degree and have been lecturing and tutoring within my field of study. Other than that, I am a normal, fun loving girl, who enjoys the finer things in life. Modelling is not always the glitz and glam portrayed in Magazines. It is hard work. A career that teaches you discipline and dedication.

https://www.facebook.com/plusSAmodel/ etresiavdm_curves

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08 TIPS

for Health and

Happiness AND HOW TO PUT YOURSELF FIRST

Are you giving all your energy to others while putting your life and health on the back burner? Recapture your health and happiness with these 8 tips.

After

30

YEARS OF LIVING, LEARNING, FAILING, AND SUCCEEDING, I’VE REALIZED THAT SOME OF THE BEST TIPS FOR ACHIEVING THE GOOD LIFE AREN’T NECESSARILY INTUITIVE OR OBVIOUS.

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But you must also listen to yourself to know what it is your heart needs to be in, and then have the courage and commitment to move towards that.

be happy. It all comes down to these THREE words: putting yourself first.

Putting Yourself First You are an actual being that needs to be loved with great Every day, we are pulled in care, just like everyone else. so many different directions; You deserve to be loved as from your kids to your boss, equally as you love others. You the pulling rarely ceases. may say, “but I’m a caretaker, an Sometimes I daydream about employee, a wife, a daughter, what it would be like to throw a sister, a friend.” And I’ll reply, in the towel for a week and “you can be all these things hibernate until I got some and still be your own self.” In away time and recharged my fact, if you’ve lost yourself in the batteries. hustle and bustle of caretaking It’s mentally draining. It can for others, then you must make suck your lifeblood and leave it your mission to go out, hunt absolutely no time for anything yourself down and care for else. Forget working out, yourself like never before. eating healthy or even just I can say from personal sitting down to read a book experience that the ONLY that interests you. Basically, way I was able to lose 40 there is no time or energy left pounds, to be an author for for putting your needs into the Muscle & Strength, to become equation. a transformation story for an international ad campaign, to I’m going to cut straight to the make it to the finals of NBC’s chase without sugar fluffing Biggest Loser trainer auditions, reality: life isn’t easy but we to begin my own company have to find ways to adapt and and then start another one

LIFESTYLE

that is touching people’s lives in a healthy way, to be happy with myself, was and still is by putting myself first.

The power to do this is within each of us. It took a lot of practice to learn how to put myself first. For so long, I was putting myself last and that’s how my life began spiraling downward. It wasn’t until I realized I had a choice, that I made the choice to begin moving forward healthfully.

We’re all different people in this world and we all play different parts. What we have in common is the ability to feel, the ability to move mountains and the ability to choose how we will live our lives. If you want to move forward towards a healthy body and mind (and yes, the two most definitely connect) then you must begin moving in that direction and here’s how.

I’ve put together an ultimate guide to meditation that you can check out for some helpful tips on why/how to get started with a meditation practice.

7. Take Your Sleep Seriously Sleep deprivation has been shown to lead to obesity, diabetes, cognitive decline, cancer, and all sorts of other nasty maladies.

If you want to live the best life possible, then you must take your rest and recovery seriously.

Sleep at least 7 hours a night in a cold pitch black room.

Have an evening routine, power off all electronics one hour before bed, and quit eating after 7:30.

It will make a huge difference in how you feel and act.

9. Feed Your Mind Daily Studies have shown that most CEO’s read about 50 books a year.

Spend at least 30 minutes a day filling your mind with new information and positive messages and it will have a huge impact on your ability to successfully navigate the game of life.

Other people have spent decades learning lessons that you can learn in a matter of minutes.

Don’t waste the opportunity to learn from their actions and mistakes.

A.

Be Careful About the Words You Use . Sweat Everyday People underestimate Not everyone should the impact that their self talk has become a bodybuilder, on their brains and lives. marathon runner, or crossfit If you tell yourself that you are competitor. stupid, incapable of achieving But everyone should sweat daily. success, or unlucky, you will Exercise has been proven to be bring those things into your more beneficial for your quality of reality. life than damn near anything else If you tell yourself that you are in the world. smart, capable, and powerful Sweat everyday for at least 20 beyond measure, your brain minutes and thank yourself later.

8

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will find ways to confirm these beliefs and help you build a more amazing life.

Talk to yourself the same way that you would talk to a treasured friend.

11. Start Your Mornings with a Glass of Lemon Water and a Coffee Lemon water has been shown to have tremendous physical benefits for clearing internal toxins and creating an alkaline pH in your stomach.

Coffee has been shown to have countless cognitive and physical benefits and very few drawbacks.

Start your mornings with a glass of lemon water and one cup of coffee and I promise you will feel like a million bucks.

B.

If a Relationship Isn’t Serving You Eliminate it Now If you are in a friendship or relationship with a toxic person, cut them out now.

Period.

Instead of trying to do things the hard way, learn from someone who has been thereso that you can shorten your learning curve and achieve your best life faster.

02. Remember that Success Takes Time If you want to achieve anything worthwhile in your body, business, relationships, or life, then you must be patient.

Success happens by compounding small daily actions over time.

03

.

Remember that You Are Going to Die We are the only species (we know of) that is cursed with the knowledge of their own mortality.

You are going to die, I am going to die, and so is everyone that we know and love.

01.

Measure Everything that You Value As Peter Drucker said, “What gets measured gets managed”.

If you are not tracking your performance at work, in the gym, with your spouse, or in your personal education then how can you hope to optimize and manage your performance?

If you don’t know how you are doing now, then how can you optimize your life to do better later?

You can’t.

58

If something is important to you, then track it. End of story.

22. Take Very Few Opinions If you wouldn’t trade lives with someone then why would you take advice from them?

Stop taking advice from broke, unhappy people and instead listen to people who have the results that you want.

23. Find a Coach or Mentor Who Can Help You Accelerate Your Results Just about everything that you want to do, someone else has already done.

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Instead of running from this fact, embrace it and use this knowledge to help you overcome your fears and live the life you truly desire.

If we are all going to die anyways, then you might as well live this life as best as you can because, as far as we know, it’s the only one we get.

If you found this content helpful, please leave an clap, follow my profile, and leave a quick comment below. I am on a mission to serve 1,000,000+ Medium users with life changing content and I can only do it with your help!

JUNE 16

STUDY SMART

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EDU-TUTOR

16 JUNE 2019

Bantu Education Act (1953), conceived it:

“There is no place for [the African] in the European community above the level of certain forms of labour.

Youth Day commemorates the Soweto youth uprising It is of no avail for him to receive a training which has of 16 June 1976. as its aim, absorption in the European community” In 1975 protests started in African schools after a directive from the then Bantu Education Department that Afrikaans had to be used on an equal basis with English as a language of instruction in secondary schools.

The June 16 1976 Uprising that began in Soweto and spread countrywide profoundly changed the socio-political landscape in South Africa. Events that triggered the uprising can be traced back to policies of the Apartheid government that resulted in the introduction of the Bantu Education Act in 1953. The rise of the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) and the formation of South African Students Organisation (SASO) raised the political consciousness of many students while others joined the wave of anti-Apartheid sentiment within the student community. When the language of Afrikaans alongside English was made compulsory as a medium of instruction in schools in 1974, black students began mobilizing themselves.

On 16 June 1976 between 3000 and 10 000 students mobilized by the South African Students Movement's Action Committee supported by the BCM marched peacefully to demonstrate and protest against the government’s directive. The march was meant to culminate at a rally in Orlando Stadium.

On their pathway they were met by heavily armed police who fired teargas and later live ammunition on demonstrating students. This resulted in a widespread revolt that turned into an uprising against the government. While the uprising began in Soweto, it spread across the country and carried on until the following year.

The aftermath of the events of June 16 1976 had dire consequences for the Apartheid government. Images of the police firing on peacefully demonstrating students led an international revulsion against South Africa as its brutality was exposed. Meanwhile, the weakened and exiled liberation movements received new recruits fleeing political persecution at home giving impetus to the struggle against Apartheid.

Bantu Education Policy The word ‘Bantu’ in the term Bantu education is highly charged politically and has derogatory connotations. The Bantu Educational system was designed to ‘train and fit’ Africans for their role in the newly (1948) evolving apartheid society. Education was viewed as a part of the overall apartheid system including ‘homelands’, urban restrictions, pass laws and job reservation. This role was one of labourer, worker, and servant only. As H.F Verwoerd, the architect of the

The uprisings tragically ended with hundreds of young people killed by the apartheid government when they protested against the imposition of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction.

"On 16 June 1976 the uprising that began in Soweto and spread throughout South Africa changed the country's socio-political landscape. The events were rooted in apartheid policies that resulted in the introduction of the Bantu Education Act in 1953.

Black

"The rise of the Consciousness Movement (BCM) and the formation of South African Students Organisation (SASO) raised the political consciousness of many students while others joined the wave of anti-apartheid sentiment within the student community. When the language of Afrikaans alongside English was made compulsory as a medium of instruction in schools in 1974, black students began mobilising. On 16 June 1976 between 3 000 and 10 000 students, mobilised by the South African Students Movement?s Action Committee, supported by the BCM, marched peacefully to demonstrate and protest against the government?s directive. The march was meant to culminate at a rally in Orlando Stadium.

"On the way, the students were met by heavily armed police. They fired teargas and later live ammunition, the media revealing their brutality to the world and resulting in an international outcry.

"The widespread revolt turned into an uprising against the government. Beginning in Soweto, it spread across the country and its repercussions were felt for years afterwards. The aftermath had dire consequences for the apartheid government and the exiled liberation movements received new recruits fleeing political persecution at home, giving impetus to the struggle against apartheid."

Notes from South African History Online. Read more about the 1976 uprisings in the Western Cape.

Return to 1976 – lost and found main story

Interesting facts about 16 June

June 16 was supposed to be a three-day event, starting on that date, but the shooting of unarmed learners by police sparked a youth revolt that spread across the country.

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June 16, also known as Youth Day, is celebrated annually to remember the lives of learners who were killed in 1976 in Soweto while trying to fight the injustice of the then apartheid regime.

Among the learners fighting against the unjust education system which had just decreed that the medium of instruction in all schools had to be Afrikaans, were Hastings Ndlovu and Hector Pieterson, who was killed by police gunshots that also left 100 others injured.

This triggered a youth uprising that spread across the country.

ALSO READ: Ga-Rankuwa university students empowered on Youth Day Here are some interesting facts about the day and places to go for tours: – Famous photographer Sam Nzima, who took the iconic picture of Hector Pieterson being carried after he was shot, died at Mpumalanga hospital on Saturday, 12 May 2018.

– June 16 was supposed to be a three-day event, starting on that date and ending on June 18. The final day – a Friday – was supposed to have a march by students to Orlando Stadium but it turned into a massive attack on students by police and the death of some.

– The protest started off peacefully in Soweto but it turned violent when the police opened fire on unarmed students. By the third day the unrest had gained momentum and spread to townships around Soweto and other parts of the country.

– Youth Day was initially known as Soweto Day among ANC supporters, but it was officially made a public holiday after Nelson Mandela became president in 1994.

– While you process the thought of the June 16 uprising and the significance of the day, honour and celebrate of those who fought injustice and ensured that no language was considered “superior”.

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An

oversimplified scenario goes like this: Your spouse strikes up an oppositesex friendship with a person at work, spin or yoga class, the gym, or through your child’s school or extra-curricular activities. For some reason, they feel compelled to exchange phone numbers. There’s no real need for this, although your spouse tells you that they need to stay in touch because of work or to coordinate fitness class, the kid’s activities, etc.

Soon, their innocent texting about work or scheduling begins to escalate into personal, ever more intimate texting.

Your spouse starts guarding their cellphone and going into the next room to text. They lock their phone, change their password and delete their text history.

For a while, you bite your tongue. After all, nobody wants to be “that wife” or “that husband.” You look the other way and pretend not to notice or be bothered. You force yourself to not ask who your spouse is texting and not show how worried or hurt you are.

You lay awake and stare at your

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partner’s phone, wishing you could look through it but not wanting to cross that line.

Finally, you crack.

by saying, “Oh, so I’m not allowed to have ANY friends?”

He or she may turn the situation around so that it’s you who finds yourself explaining your • Is A ‘Partner Predator’ behavior. He or she may make Circling Your Husband Or you feel paranoid, jealous, Wife? controlling, or pathetic. “You • 10 Proactive Ways To Fix went through my phone! You’re The Cracks Forming In Your crazy. That’s private!”

Marriage • Your Marriage Will Fail For Of course there are spouses who are unreasonably jealous and The Same Reasons Celebrity suspicious, and who behave in Couples Split Up controlling ways. Of course Here’s where anything can happen. Your spouse may downplay the relationship and shrug off your concerns, saying

C

hoosing your words carefully, you ask your partner who he or she is texting. If you already know who it is, you might tell your partner that you are concerned or feeling second-place. Or perhaps you wait until your partner is in the shower and give in to the urge to scroll through his or her phone. Either way, you hear or see something that makes your stomach sink.

More from Debra Macleod: “We’re just friends. You have to trust me.” Or your spouse may react with an angry, inflated display of wounded indignation

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Unfortunately, there is no formula to determine when texting crosses the line into betrayal. In fact, those who are behaving in inappropriate ways quickly learn how to blur this line so that they can deflect and continue to do what they’re doing.In the end, you must learn to trust your gut.

After all, no one knows your marriage or your spouse better

than you do. Texting affairs are the gateway to emotional and physical affairs. Of the infidelity cases I’ve dealt with in the past several years, the vast majority started out as “innocent” texting between opposite-sex friends or acquaintances. You are not over-reacting by insisting that a spouse end a texting relationship that you feel in your heart is undermining your marriage, and you are not overreacting by treating it as a form of infidelity.

Blocking the other person’s number, keeping

communications strictly workrelated, being transparent in terms of cell phones and computers (those who have nothing to hide, hide nothing), and working together to improve your own marriage are all reasonable requests.

RELATIONSHIPS

that they have formed a deep bond. Too often what begins as a cautious “hi...was thinking of u” turns into “i miss u” and then “can you meet again tomorrow?” And when it gets to that point, well, the whole thing becomes a lot harder to “delete.”

Visit Debra Macleod’s private practice at MarriageSOS.com

To prevent and overcome infidelity, couples must learn to build a loving, respectful and there is a reasonable expectation protective “fortress” around of privacy in marriage. Of

their marriage, which includes insulating it from the invasive effects of technology. That’s something I talk a lot about in my Couples in Crisis book.

Continued inaction or letting the texting continue -- perhaps out of fear of your partner’s reaction -- only increases the chances that your partner will begin to see you as a nagging barrier to the exciting and fresh-faced relationship that he or she enjoys via text messages.

Texting creates a false sense of intimacy between texters.

Within weeks, they may feel

course some co-workers and friends need to communicate after-hours. Of course there are unhappy marriages that have deep problems. But that’s not always the case. Suspicions are often warranted. Anger, defensiveness and indignation may be covers for betrayal.

Explanations may be just excuses. And all too often, a texting affair steals so much time, energy and emotion from a marriage that a rift forms -- or widens -- between spouses that otherwise would have worked through their marriage troubles.

WOMAN

CRUSH WEDNESDAY

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WONDER WOMEN ON INTERNET TV Shows & movies Posted Feb 21st, 2018 , by Jennifer Ochieng

Share Facebook Twitter Google Plus LinkedIn Republish This WCW, we celebrate the remarkable women from Africa and the rest of the world who have made waves on series and movies now on Showmax.

Greetings from Wakanda. Unless you live under a rock, at this point, everyone who has not yet watched Black Panther has heard a thing or two about how groundbreaking this movie is. Let’s forget how it continues to smash Box Office records for a second: Black Panther has successfully done with female characters what other MCU films have failed to do by giving them enough depth to stand on their own, and not just as a shadow of their male counterparts. We see you Shuri, Nakia and the whole army of Dora Milaje, and we celebrate you.

Now go see the movie and stop being weird.

In the spirit of Woman Crush Wednesday and honouring great women on television, join us as we celebrate these 8 women starring in series and movies that you can stream or download on Showmax.

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PLACE YOUR AD

HERE

Lupita

HASHTAG CELEB

Find Lupita Nyong’o as Ayira on MTV’s Shuga on Showmax.

N’yongo, Watch Now On Show Max » centre. Image: Viacom No one can hold a candle pm for the force of nature that is Lupita Nyong’o. A darling in Hollywood and on the red carpet, this Kenyan beauty has managed to captivate the world not only with her beauty, but also with her recent badass role as Nakia in Black Panther, not to mention her positivity and sense of humour that seems to rub off on everyone.

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Why we love her

M 2.

innie Dlamini Minnie Dlamini’s life is what so many girls aspire to – a fairytale wedding watched by millions plus a powerful career … and in TV, no less. And now we hear that she’s already been offered a baby reality show.

What’s there not to love about “South Africa’s Diamond” as she calls herself?

Why we love her

There is just no rivaling this Kenyan beauty when it Show us a more perfect picture than this, we’ll wait. comes to fashion on and off the red carpet.

Join Minnie Dlamini for her fairytale wedding in the three-part Becoming Mrs Jones on Showmax. You And she can rap too; this is her dropping some bars can also find her in The Wild and Rockville, also with her Black Panther co-star Letitia Wright. streaming on Showmax.

Watch now »

3.

Yvonne Orji

came into the limelight after her role as Issa Dee’s best friend in HBO’s Insecure, and has since starred in the hit series Jane the Virgin. Orji is proud of her African roots and never afraid to flaunt her Nigerian heritage on social media, and occasionally embraces it in her fashion as well.

Why we love her

No one is goofier on social media than Yvonne Orji. Plus, we are not trying to get anyone fired here, but Yvonne has just invented a new way to walk into meetings.

Find Yvonne Orji as Molly in HBO’s Insecure, Season 1, on Showmax.

Watch now »

Reese Witherspoon When she is not acting in her many roles that have made her a fan favourite, Witherspoon is sharing her voice in the Times Up movement and other philanthropic ventures. An entrepreneur too, the awardwinning actress owns a clothing company Draper James and a production company that has produced movies like Gone Girl, Hot Pursuit and most recently Big Little Lies, which she coproduced (and starred in) with cast-mate Nicole Kidman.

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4.

5.

SANAA LATHAN

Why we love her Other than all the amazing things she does to uplift other women, she’s basically figured out this parenting thing.

Find Reese Witherspoon as Madeline in HBO’s Big Little Lies on Showmax. Watch now »

HASHTAG CELEB

From Brown Sugar to Love and Basketball, Sanaa Lathan has given us some of the best memories and love stories on TV. Her most recent roles include an intelligent yet troubled investigator in Shots Fired and the no-nonsense principal Janelle in The Affair.

Why we love her She’s absolutely gorgeous, especially with her short hair.

Catch Sanaa Lathan as Kenya in romantic drama Something New on Showmax. Watch now »

Katherine

Moennig Katherine Moennig, left of centre. Image:

MGM Remember when The L Word was the hottest thing on TV and Katherine Moennig was just the fairest of them all with her androgynous look?

Moennig also plays one of Ray Donovan’s bad ass sidekicks in Ray Donovan, and has also appeared on shows like Dexter.

Why we love her

6.

She’s may have got older, but she’s maintained her flawless bad boy look.

Pretty in black and white #katemoennig #katherinemoennig #thelword #raydonovan #lane1974 #mydeadboyfriend #amazing #actress #cute #beautiful 1,400 Likes, 12 Comments – Kate Moennig (@katherinemoenniglove) on Instagram: “Pretty in black and white #katemoennig #katherinemoennig #thelword #raydonovan #lane1974…”

Find Katherine Moenning as Shane in The L Word (S1-6) on Showmax, plus as Lena on Ray Donovan (S1-4), also on Showmax.

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