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DearReader,
Welcometoyouranticipatededitionof Energy and Sustainability Africa (ESA),proudlyresearchedandas youknow,producedinNamibia
E-wasteisasubjectoftenoverlookedinmainstreamsustainableeconomicconversations,especiallyonthe Africancontinent Yet,itsimpactonmanyeconomiesanduntappedpotentialcannotbeignored
In2019,Africageneratedanestimated2.9milliontonnesofe-waste,equatingtoabout2.5kilogramsper person.Whilethismaybeamongthelowestpercapitaratesglobally,over60%ofthee-wastefoundonthe continent comes from imports In short, Africa may not produce the most, but it certainly receives a significantshare
What
Across the continent, formal e-waste recycling systems remain limited due to limited infrastructures in Africa.However,thisdoesnotpausetheinformale-wasterecyclingactivitiesatgrassrootlevel.Everyday over thousands and thousands of people primarily from vulnerable communities are seen at dumpsites collecting,dismantling,andtradingcomponentsfromdiscardedelectronics Thisinformalsectordoesnot onlysupportlivelihoodsbutalsocontributestooveralleconomicgrowthofmanyAfricancountries
Thebenefitsofe-wastetothecommunityareonethatcomeswithaheftyprice.Whenimproperlyhandled ordiscardede-wastereleaseshazardoussubstancesthatposeathreattotheenvironmentandcancause serious health issues to the surrounding community Sadly, majority of informal e-waste recycling falls within the category of improper recycling. The associated risks necessitate the urgent need for a more structuredandsaferecyclingmethodswhichcanprotectbothpeopleandtheenvironment,whileallowing for collection of valuable materials like copper, gold, and rare earth metals to feed other key economic sectors
Thiseditionexplorestherisks,opportunities,andpolicygapssurroundinge-wasteinAfrica Ourresearch highlights the untapped value in discarded electronics appliances, the grassroots innovation already happening, and the need for stronger support systems from logistics and infrastructure to training and regulation.
Despiteitsinformalnature,thee-wastesectorholdsenormouseconomicpotential Forexample,Ghanain 2014,generatedoverUS$100millioninrevenuefrome-wasteactivitiesandcreatedemploymentformore than 200,000 people. Clearly, using this example at home when managed well, e-waste recycling can promoteacirculareconomy,reducerelianceonrawmaterialsresources,anddriveinclusivegrowth
We also look beyond e-waste As the continent continues to explore sustainable energy options, nuclear energyisonceagainenteringpolicydiscussions.Assuchweassessitsfeasibilityandfuture.Additionally, we examine how e-waste impacts water systems, and why protecting biodiversity remains central in the fightagainstclimatechange
Now,isthetimeforAfricandecisionmakerstoassessanddecideonwhethertheywouldcontinuetobear thecostofunmanagede-wasteorseektotransformitintoasustainableindustrythatpowersprogressfor the next generation Many times collaboration have proved to promote effective change As such, governments,entrepreneurs,andcommunitiesallhavearoletoplayinshapingthise-wastefuture
Wethushopeyoufindthiseditionisinformativeasusualandencourageyoutofollowandengagewithus onalloursocialmediaaccountsaswecontinuetoexploreanddiscussthesevitalissues
Asalways,theconversationcontinuesat infocus@rdjpublishing.africa .
Yours, editor@rdjpublishing africa
(DavidA.Jarrett) Editor (GraceKangotue) DeputyEditor
A record 62 million tonnes (Mt) of e-waste was produced in 2022 globally, accounting for an increase of up to 82 percent from 2010
www.unitar.org 62 million tonnes (Mt)
E-waste: is a term used to cover all waste items of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) and their parts Items which are intentionally discarded, without the intent of reuse, are also called Waste EEE (WEEE) Used EEE on the other hand is second hand, meant to be functional but includes non-functional, but repairable items.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42452 -022-04962-9)
50%to85%
Africa locally generates between 50 percent and 85 percent of its total e-waste
(https://link springer com/article/10 1007/s 42452-022-04962-9)
In 2019, Africa generated 2 9 Mt of e-waste which translates to 2 5kg/capita Although Africa’s per capita e-waste generation in Africa is the second lowest globally, over 60% is derived from imports.
(https://ewastemonitor info/the-global-ewaste-monitor-2024/)
Three of Africa’s most active ports: Durban (South Africa), Bizerte (Tunisia), and Lagos (Nigeria) have all been identified as the major ports of entry of used EEE to the African continent .
(https://link springer com/article/10 1007 /s42452-022-04962-9)
In Africa, Libya is the highest e-waste per capita generator (10 + kg capita 1 year 1), followed by Algeria, Botswana, Gabon, Namibia (6–10 kg capita 1 year 1).
(https://link springer c om/article/10 1007/s42 452-022-04962-9
60,000–71,000 t
Two West African countries, Ghana and Nigeria have high direct imports of e-waste, with Nigeria the leading importer of used EEE on the African continent. Approximately 60,000–71,000 t of used EEE were imported annually into Nigeria through the two main ports in Lagos in 2015 and 2016
(https://link springer com/article/10 1007/s 42452-022-04962-9)
E-waste management has emerged as a policy priority, with countries such as Ghana, Rwanda, Nigeria, and South Africa publishing policy frameworks to improve ewaste management, including introducing the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) policy
(https://link springer com/article/10 1007/ s42452-022-04962-9)
In Africa, the two conventions regulating e-waste are the Basel Convention( Basel Convention (1992) directly deals with ewaste as a hazardous waste) and Bamako Convention(treaty consisting of African countries forbidding the import of any hazardous waste, with the aim of reducing and managing e-waste transport nationally and across African states In theory, this ensures disposal of electronics in accordance with clean and green environmental principles)
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.100 7/s42452-022-04962-9)
AUTHOR:GraceKangotue ChiefResearcher/Economist@ RDJ Consulting
Quite often when most people think of electrical and electronic waste (e-waste), what comes to mind is the image of pollution, health risks, and
increasing environmental damage This perception is not a crazy one When improperly handled, e-waste tends to release toxic substances into the air, soil, and water, posing significant risks to both the environment and human health.
Beyond being a global concern, e-waste tells an undeniable African narrative One that prioritizes hard work and survival despite the risks available As such in many Africa cities e-waste is often considered as main source of income and employment for thousands and even millions of people, especially in countries where formal job opportunities are scarce.
Dating back as far as in 2019, the world generated approximately 53 6 million metric tons (Mt) of e-waste and Africa contributed the lowest with approximated a total of 2.9 Mt. Alarmingly, three years later the global e-waste pile grew to an estimated 62 million tonnes in 2022. Despite the surge, this only represent only a 22.3 percent of the total e-waste mass that was properly collected and recycled Projections indicates that this figure may fall to around 20 percent by 2030, even when the demand for electrical and electronic appliances continues to grow globally. This will be driven by various contributing factors including higher consumption of electrical and electronic appliances, limited repair options, shorter product life cycles, society’s growing electronification, design shortcomings, and inadequate e-waste management infrastructure
Although African countries generally lack formal ewaste recycling infrastructure majorities of its population are engaging in e-waste recycling activities daily These activities led to large functional informal economies around e-waste A good example is one of Ghana In 2010, Ghana employed between 10,000 to 15,000 people in repairing old and second-hand computers while another 20,300 to 33,600 were said to be working in recycling and e-waste management. Furthermore, during the same period a total of approximately 201,600 people in Ghana were also reported to be making a living from e-waste recycling and management
Courtesy:https://www npr org/sections/goats-and-soda/2024/10/05/g-s1-6411/electronics-public-health-waste-ghana-phones-computers
Similarly, South Africa’s informal sector handled around a quarter of the country’s e-waste recycling in 2013. Over 10,000 people were part of the e-wate workforce and 2000 people had regular employment While these jobs are risky to those involved and the surrounding communities, it also underscores the economic necessity and entrepreneurial willingness that can potentially fuel this industry.
To be fair, e-waste is not just about microeconomic level benefit, it also contributes to the overall economic growth of many countries In Ghana, e-waste activities generated between US$105 million and US$268 million in 2014 alone and created employment for at least over 200,000 people locally. Interestingly, this is a considerable economic contribution from an industry built mostly from informal activities or in some cases without formal investment injections
Sadly, a significant portion of Africa’s e-waste still goes undocumented and improperly recycled In 2022, only less than 1 percent of Africa’s e-waste was formally recycled, compared to over 42 percent in Europe. This gap indicates an untapped economic value and missed opportunities to recover valuable materials such as gold, copper, and rare earth elements
According to the Global E-Waste Monitor 2024, if global efforts could increase the e-waste collection and recycling efforts to a minimum of 60 percent by 2030, the economic benefits could reach as much as US$38 billion These gains would stem from materials recovery, reduced health-related costs, and the creation of green jobs
In 2023, the African Union Commission released “Electronic Waste (E-Waste) Management Plan and Guidelines” under the banner, “Building Institutions and Systems to Harness and Realize Agenda (BIASHARA) 2063 (P180117)” Although this E-Waste Management Plan (EWMP) does not include the setting up of an E-Waste recycling infrastructure, it provides guidelines on ewaste strategies and resulting potential benefits. Some of suggested benefits include job Creation, cost savings, resource recovery, land use nad optimization and environmental cost reduction
Across Africa, entrepreneurs are finding innovative ways to turn e-waste into viable businesses. Small enterprises focused on e-waste collection, repair, and the resale of second-hand electronics are growing, particularly in low-income communities These ventures reduce waste,
create employment, and increase access to affordable technology; while keeping valuable resources in circulation
This momentum underscores the importance of government action African governments must design inclusive policies that protect informal workers, invest in safe recycling infrastructure, and promote circular economy models Additionally, community-based solutions such as local repair hubs, e-waste collection centres, and vocational training programs can also bridge the gap between economic necessity and environmentalstewardship.
We cannot deny that improper disposal and recycling of e-wasteposesignificantenvironmentalandhealthrisks. However, for many Africans, e-waste is not merely trash but it’s a vital source of income and further, an emergingeconomicsectorwithenormouspotential.
Therefore, by leveraging existing manpower and fostering public-private partnerships, African countries can have a unique opportunity to formalize and scale ewaste recycling in a way that is both sustainable and equitable
https://unitar org/about/news-stories/press/global-e-wastemonitor-2024-electronic-waste-rising-five-times-fasterdocumented-e-waste-
recycling#:~:text=A%20record%2062%20million%20tonnes,met% 20by%20e%2Dwaste%20recycling
https://pmc ncbi nlm nih gov/articles/PMC8392572/#B13-ijerph18-08488
https://link springer com/article/10 1007/s42452-022-04962-9
https://ewastemonitor info/wpcontent/uploads/2024/03/GEM 2024 1803 web page per page web pdf
https://circulareconomymonth ca/e-waste-circularimperative/#:~:text=A%20record%2062%20million%20tonnes,sho rt%20lifespan%20of%20many%20products
https://ewastemonitor info/the-global-e-waste-monitor-2024/ ps://www statista com/statistics/1154659/ewaste-documentedrecycling-africa/#:~:text=Share%20of%20ewaste%20formally,Africa%202022%2C%20by%20sub
https://www who int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/electronicwaste-(e-waste)
https://au int/sites/default/files/documents/42723-doc-AUC EWaste Management Plan EWMP BIASHARA P180117 April 202 3 pdf
https://pmc ncbi nlm nih gov/articles/PMC8392572/
AUTHOR:GraceKangotue ChiefResearcher/Economist@ RDJ Consulting
Courtesy:https://wwwfidesorg/en/news/65733-AFRICA GHANA Collection and processing of E Waste can create opportunities for young people
In a world where technology is evolving faster than ever, the demand for new tools and smart devices continues to surge. It is undeniable that electrical
and electronic equipment (EEE) such as smartphones, laptops, refrigerators, and televisions has become an essential part of modern life, playing a crucial role in enhancing our quality of life But as newer models come to market, the older ones are often discarded which leads to a growing mountain of electrical and electronic waste, or e-waste
E-waste refers to discarded electrical and electronic devices due to various reasons, whether malfunctioning or simplify just no longer preferred According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is currently the fastest-growing category of solid waste globally A quick trip to any e-waste dumpsite will reveal that items like computers, mobile phones, printers, televisions, and household appliances are common in these sites. Although these devices contain valuable materials, they are often thrown away rather than recycled or repurposed
The Global E-waste Monitor 2024 revealed that a staggering 62 million metric tonnes (Mt) of e-waste was generated in 2022. If current trends continue an average annual increase of 2 6 Mt is projected, causing the total ewaste generation to reach 82 Mt by the year 2030 While Africa contributed only around 6% of this total, approximately 3 6 Mt, the continent faces unique challenges due to a lack of resources, infrastructure, and regulation
The Global E-waste Monitor 2024 reported that approximately 62 million metric tonnes (Mt) of e-waste were generated worldwide in 2022 Alarmingly, the report forecasts an average annual increase of 2 6 Mt and total e-waste is projected to reach 82 Mt by 2030 if current trends persist. Despite the sharp global rise, Africa still accounted for only 6% of the total global e-waste, generating approximately 3 6 million metric tons Mt in 2022 (Statista, 2024)
Most of Africa’s e-waste is generated locally or imported as second-hand goods also known as used electronic and electrical equipment (UEEE) which is often more affordable than new EEE Additionally, some high-income countries continue to export e-waste under the pretence of recycling “e-waste for the sole purpose of disposal” , offloading toxic waste to countries with weaker environmental laws. This practice burdens low-income nations with harmful waste that they are ill-equipped to manage safely.
One of the most recognized examples of e-waste dumps in Africa is the Agbogbloshie dumpsite in Ghana, which is the largest e-waste dump in Africa, and notably one of the largest globally. Annually the site receives an estimated amount of 250,000 tons of sorted electrical and electronic waste Despite the hazardous conditions, this dumpsite supports a livelihood of over 40,000 people through job creation Another example is Nigeria where similar but relatively smaller sites are serving a market for UEEE
Discussions around e-waste are often complex and tend to focus heavily on its negative impacts. However, it's important to recognize that e-waste contains a mix of both valuable and hazardous materials On the positive side of things, e-waste contains materials such metals, plastics, and glass which can be repurposed or recycled, contributing to resource conservation and sustainability. However, on the other hand, many components contain hazardous substances like lead, mercury, cadmium, and chromium As mentioned earlier on, when not handled properly, these pollutants can contaminate soil, water, and air and as a result it poses serious health and
environmental risks.
Improper disposal methods such as open burning, dumping into water bodies, acid baths, and manual dismantling without protective gear are common in many informal e-waste recycling operations across Africa These practices are dangerous and risky, as they consistently expose both e-waste handlers and surrounding communities to toxic pollutants. Toxic fumes produced from some of these activities including burning materials like plastic components can cause several health challenges like respiratory problems, neurological damage, and long-term illnesses
To prevent unsafe e-waste recycling activities and its associated challenges, collaborations at national and international level is crucial The World health Organization (WHO) recommends strengthening global and local governance through:
Adopting and enforcing high-level international agreements;
Developing and implementing national e-waste management legislation that protects public health; Incorporating health protection measures into national legislation;
Monitoring e-waste sites and surrounding communities;
Implementing and monitoring interventions that improve informal e-waste recycling activities, protect public health and ensure vital sources of community revenue;
Educating health workers across all levels on e-wasterelated child health issues
In the same vein, organizations like Landbell Canada also advocate for expanding recycling access, raising public awareness, and supporting a shift toward circular economy models where products are reused, repaired to extendlifespanorrecycledratherthandiscarded
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has noted that inadequate public awareness, weak environmental laws, and insufficient funding are among the biggest barriers to proper e-waste management in Africa In response, UNEP initiatives such as the Switch Africa Green project are working to support sustainable ewastesolutionsinGhana.
Ultimately, without effective policies and sustainable management strategies, e-waste will continue to pose a threat to human health and ecosystems, especially in regions where regulatory systems are still developing. However, with the right interventions, e-waste can be transformed from a “hazard” into a powerful opportunity that can promote resource recovery, job creation, and improvedlivelihoods,whileprotectingtheenvironment
In summary, without effective e-waste management strategies and policies e-waste will continue to endanger human health and the environment, particularly in regions like Africa where regulatory frameworks are still in its evolving stage Therefore, the right policies, public engagement, and industry collaboration is necessary for Africa in order to leverage on e-waste and transform it fromabeinga“threat”intobeinganopportunitythatcan drive resource recovery, job creation and uplift livelihoodswhilesafeguardingtheenvironment
Readings:
https://www weforum org/stories/2022/03/how-to-solve-theglobal-e-waste-issue-4-lessons-from-africa/ https://unitar org/about/news-stories/press/global-e-wastemonitor-2024-electronic-waste-rising-five-times-fasterdocumented-e-wasterecycling#:~:text=A%20record%2062%20million%20tonnes,met%20 by%20e%2Dwaste%20recycling
https://www statista com/statistics/1154659/ewaste-documentedrecyclingafrica/#:~:text=Share%20of%20e%2Dwaste%20formally,Africa%20 2022%2C%20by%20sub%20region&text=In%202022%2C%20four%2 0percent%20of,waste%20to%20Africa%2C%20often%20illegally
https://pmc ncbi nlm nih gov/articles/PMC8392572/
https://www who int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/electronicwaste-(e-waste)
https://circulareconomymonth ca/e-waste-circularimperative/#: :text=A%20record%2062%20million%20tonnes,short %20lifespan%20of%20many%20products
https://ewastemonitor info/the-global-e-waste-monitor-2024/ https://link springer com/article/10 1007/s42452-022-04962-9 Courtesy:https://360.rmrdc.gov.ng/unlocking-nigerias-electronic-waste-
AUTHOR:NaemiShoopala Researcher&Analyst:EnergyEconomics
Courtesy:https://ewasaorg/recycling-solar-panels-the-next-e-waste-wave/
As global dependence on electronic devices continues to grow, so does the environmental burden of electronic waste, or e-waste. This fast-
growing waste stream, fuelled by rapid innovation and short product life cycles, includes everything from smartphones and televisions to solar panels Despite the scale of the problem, only 20 percent of global e-waste is formally recycled. The rest ends up in landfills, incinerators, or informal recycling yards, often in lowincome countries where safety and environmental standards are limited
The increase in mismanaged waste has been reported around the world, made visible by plastic pollution. Global waste production continues to grow with increasing population and increasing per capita consumption associated with economic growth Based on
the available data, the main African recipients of e-waste are Nigeria, Ghana, and Tanzania, with Kenya, Senegal and Egypt featuring as countries of concern.
Current e-waste processing in Africa further has the potential to impact the ozone layer and climate change Open burning, not only releases toxins but also carbon dioxide (CO ) The importation of old cooling devices, such as refrigerators or air-conditioning units’, and the improper and unsafe disposal of these devices leads to the release of ozone depleting substances (ODS) and greenhouse gasses (GHG).
2
E-waste is not only a problem of volume but also of toxicity and lost resources Most electronics contain a mix of valuable and hazardous materials, making their recycling both necessary and complex.
Precious metals like gold, silver, and palladium
Rare earth elements such as neodymium and lanthanum
Base metals like copper and aluminium
High-grade plastics and glass
Tackling this challenge will require a concerted and coordinated effort from all the organizations and individuals across the electronics value chain. Regulatory frameworks, together with monitoring and compliance mechanisms need to be developed, financed, and enforced
Countriesworldwideareactivelyrecognizing theissuesarounde-wasteandintroducing domesticpolicies,legislationorregulations governinge-waste.In2014,just44%ofthe world’sinhabitantswereprotectedbylegal wasterelatedframeworks,thisincreasedto66% in2017and71%with78countriesbyOctober 2019.
Globally, end-of-life options include reuse, repair, refurbishing, repurposing of parts into other products, recycling and resource recovery, landfill (both controlled disposal and sanitary engineered landfilling), incineration uncontrolled and indiscriminate dumping and littering. Within Africa, most of these options are utilized dictated by infrastructure, markets, and value items But the absence of e-waste infrastructure and e-waste legislation are some of the challenges facing e-waste management in Africa.However, the legal landscape of Africa is changing rapidly,
The global shift towards sustainability is reshaping industries, and e-waste recycling is no exception Historically, the approach has been linear: electronics are produced, used, and then discarded However, as
Heavy metals including lead, mercury, and cadmium
Toxic flame retardants
Lithium-ion batteries, which are prone to fires and leaks
awareness of environmental and resource conservation grows, the focus is shifting towards a more sustainable solution circular e-waste recycling. Recycling is the most effective way to tackle e-waste. It not only diverts hazardous materials from landfills but also recovers valuable raw materials that would otherwise need to be mined, often at great environmental cost In 2016, 8 9 Mt of e-waste was documented to be collected and recycled globally, corresponding to 20% of e-waste generated that year (44.7 Mt).
Recycling rates of e-waste vary across the continent and are difficult to compare due to different interpretations South Africa recycles 9 7 percent of its generated e-waste, in that it is dismantled and the valuable fractions exported for recycling (beneficiation). While Ghana rather processes 40 – 60 percent of its domestically generated ewaste of which 95 percent is done by the informal sector.
In a traditional linear economy, the life cycle of electronic devices follows a straight-line lifespan which starts with production to disposal Products are designed with a limited lifespan, and when they reach the end of their usefulness, they are often discarded, creating waste that either ends up in landfills or is improperly disposed of. In Africa, where e-waste is the fastest-growing waste stream, this model has led to significant environmental challenges, including toxic pollution and lost opportunities for resource recovery Which calls for a circular economy that is better tailored for the continent.
The circular economy offers a forward-thinking solution by focusing on extending the lifecycle of products and minimizing waste Instead of a “take, make, dispose” mindset, a circular model on the other hand emphasizes the reuse, recycling, and recovery of valuable materials
This model is especially relevant for e-waste recycling in African countries where the need for sustainable practices is urgent. In a circular economy for e-waste, electronics are designed to be easily dismantled and recycled When a device reaches the end of its useful life, it doesn’t go to a landfill; instead, it’s either refurbished for reuse or dismantled to recover valuable materials like copper, aluminium, and gold. These materials are then reintroduced into the production cycle, reducing the demand for raw materials and lowering the environmental impact of mining and manufacturing
As Africa and the world grapple with the mounting crisis of e-waste, it is clear that recycling particularly of highimpact items like solar panels, mobile phones, and televisions must be at the heart of the solution. The scale and toxicity of this waste stream demand more than ad hoc fixes; they require an integrated approach grounded in sustainable design, robust legislation, and extended producer responsibility
Africa’s transition from a linear to a circular economy offers a promising path forward, one that prioritizes resource recovery, reduces environmental harm, and creates economic opportunities With supportive policy frameworks such as the Basel and Bamako Conventions and a growing focus on circularity, the continent has a
unique opportunity to redefine its relationship with electronics. By investing in formal recycling infrastructure, encouraging innovation, and engaging the informal sector insafer, regulated practices, we can turn the e-waste crisis into a catalyst for sustainable development, environmental protection, and a greener future for all
https://www who int/news-room/factsheets/detail/electronic-waste-(e-waste)
https://media.odi.org/documents/Waste management in African cities FINAL VERSION.pdf
https://astrecycling co za/blog/news-4/post/fromlinear-to-circular-transforming-e-waste-recycling-insouth-africa-77
https://link springer com/article/10 1007/s42452-02204962-9#ref-CR9
https://unemg.org/our-work/emerging-issues/innteragency-issue-management-group-on-tackling-ewaste/
https://www afdb org/sites/default/files/2024/09/30/c ircular economy africa pdf
https://african business/2024/10/economy/how-theafdb-is-driving-the-shift-to-a-circular-economy-inafrica
As
Asia Britain
Caribbean Southern Africa
USA
AUTHOR:DavidJarrett Editor@RDJPublishingandRDJGroupChiefExecutiveOfficer
Courtesy:https://world-nuclearorg/nuclear-reactor-database/summary
As nuclear energy gains even more traction and attraction in light of energy transition and plain old economic efficiency boosts, let us unpack the
pathway of a nuclear-powered nation. With 440 operable reactors and 66 new reactors being built (representing a 15 percent increase) globally, there can be no avoidance of the need for non-nuclear-powered states to consider the option
Most striking is the feel that nuclear power capacity should be “tripled” by 2050 and is mooted by the Large Energy Users Pledge stating:
“Agree that nuclear energy capacity should at least triple by 2050, from current levels, to help achieve global goals for enhanced energy resiliency and security, and continuous firm clean energy supply”.
-World Nuclear Association
The global energy landscape is thus undergoing a significant transformation, nuclear energy thus stands out as another reliable and efficient option, past negative experiences discounted As an extract from S&P Global states, Massimo Garribba, deputy director general in the European Commission energy department, said EU efforts to cut carbon emissions and boost competitiveness had increased support for nuclear power from both policymakers and members of the public
"Openness to nuclear energy is happening" he said at the conference, hosted by industry group NuclearEurope and the Polish government. "Opening up to money may be more controversial It needs a proper negotiating technique " [further stating that] "The onus is now on industry to move the debate forward," Garribba said in Brussels "Build on time and to budget "
For countries considering the adoption of nuclear power, it is essential to be informed on the pathway to becoming
a nuclear-powered nation, including the benefits, challenges, and necessary steps involved.
The onus is now on industry to move the debate forward
Nuclear energy offers several advantages that make it an attractive option for countries seeking to diversify their energy mix and enhance their energy security. Most importantly, Nuclear energy has a high energy density, meaning that it can produce a large amount of electricity from a relatively small amount of fuel This efficiency translates into lower operational costs and less fuel required over the reactor's lifetime. Nuclear power plants are also capable of providing a constant and reliable supply of electricity, known as base load power.
This reliability is essential for maintaining grid stability and supporting intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power One other significant benefit of nuclear energy is its low greenhouse gas emissions. Unlike fossil fuel-based power plants, nuclear reactors do not produce carbon dioxide during operation. This makes nuclear energy a crucial component of any strategy aimed at reducing carbon emissions and mitigating climate change
While the advantages of nuclear energy are compelling, there are also significant challenges and considerations that countries must address when contemplating the adoption of nuclear power The construction of nuclear power plants involves substantial upfront capital investment These costs include the design, licensing, construction, and commissioning of the reactor Additionally, the long lead times associated with nuclear projects can pose financial risks. Nuclear power
generation produces radioactive waste, which must be managed safely and securely.
Non-nuclear powered countries must inevitably develop comprehensive waste management strategies, including the handling, transportation, storage, and disposal of nuclear waste Ensuring the safety and security of nuclear power plants is paramount and so establish robust regulatory frameworks, safety standards, and emergency preparedness plans to prevent accidents and mitigate potential risks
It is clear therefore that a lot needs to be done to move a non-nuclear-powered nation to become a nuclearpowered country. In our next edition, the conversation continues as we will examine what Namibia would need to become a nuclear powered nation, so continue to follow RDJ Publishing at www rdjpublishing africa or via WhatsApp +264 81 750 3010 if not already a subscriber
https://world-nuclear org/information-library/countryprofiles/countries-g-n/namibia
https://www namibianuranium org/ https://www.namibianuranium.org/wpcontent/uploads/2024/07/NUI-NUA-anuual-report2023 pdf
https://world-nuclear org/information-library/currentand-future-generation/small-modular-reactor-smrglobal-tracker
https://nuclearsuppliersgroup org/index php/en/ https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/news-research/latest-news/electricpower/043025-industry-must-build-on-new-euopenness-to-nuclear-energy-eu-official-says
In compliance with the amended Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (CFRN) and the Electricity Act (EA) 2023 (Amended), the Nigerian
Electricity Regulatory Commission (“NERC” or the “Commission”) has issued an order to transfer regulatory oversight of the electricity market in Plateau State from the Commission to the Plateau State Electricity Regulatory Commission (PSERC). Recall that with the EA 2023, the Commission retains the role as a central regulator with regulatory oversight of interstate/international generation, transmission, supply, trading and system operations
The EA also mandates any state that intends to establish and regulate intrastate electricity markets to deliver a formal notification of its processes and requests NERC to transfer regulatory authority over electricity operations in the state to the State Regulator
Based on this, the Government of Plateau State complied with the conditions precedent in the laws, duly notified NERC and requested for the transfer of regulatory oversight of the intrastate electricity market in Plateau State
The transfer Order by NERC has the following provisions:
- Direct Jos Electricity Distribution Plc (JED) to incorporate a subsidiary (JED SubCo) to assume responsibilities for intrastate supply and distribution of electricity in Plateau State from JED
- JED shall complete the incorporation of JED SubCo within 60 days from 12th March 2025.
The sub-company shall apply for and obtain licence for the intrastate supply and distribution of electricity from PSERC, among other directives
- All transfers envisaged by this order shall be completed by 12th September 2025.
AUTHOR:NaemiShoopala Researcher&Analyst:EnergyEconomics
Courtesy:https://wwwmonroswitchcom/product/inlet-and-outlet-180-automatic-pump-control/epc14-horizontal-small-size-water-pump-controller-1-2-1-5bar-with-water-shortageprotectionhtml
In an era of technological advancement, electronic waste or e-waste, has become a pressing global concern, not only due to its environmental impact
but also its significant water footprint The water sector, which includes both water supply and wastewater treatment, is the pillar of modern society, safeguarding public health and protecting the environment.
Yet, it is also a significant source of waste, especially when it comes to the use and eventual disposal of motors and control systems These components are vital for the operation of water and wastewater treatment plants, powering pumps, blowers, and other essential machinery. In fact, the water sector is among the world’s largest consumers of electricity, with estimates suggesting that water and wastewater operations account for up to 4 percent of global electricity consumption
As Africa strives to improve access to clean water and sanitation, the continent is witnessing a surge in water infrastructure projects powered by modern technology. Most discussions around e-waste in Africa focus on consumer electronics like mobile phones, televisions, and laptops However, the water sector generates a
significant and growing volume of industrial e-waste, particularly from the above-mentioned components and systems The environmental and economic impacts of this waste are substantial as they create a dangerous cycle, especially when the goal of the water sector is to improve environmental health.
Motors and control systems contain a range of materials that are hazardous if not handled properly For example, control panels and variable frequency drives (VFDs) contain printed circuit boards, capacitors, and sometimes lead or mercury-based components. Pump motors often house copper windings and lubricants.
This issue is particularly pressing in Africa, where the water sector is expanding rapidly through both government investment and donor-funded projects Initiatives by the African Development Bank, World Bank, and bilateral donors have led to the deployment of thousands of pumping stations, solar-powered water schemes, and automated control systems across the continent However, in many cases, the planning and budgeting for these projects do not account for the eventual decommissioning and safe disposal of the installed electronics.
Courtesy:https://wwwwaterandwastewatercom/jet-aerators-in-wastewater-treatment-enhancing-efficiency-and-aeration-performance/
South Africa faces significant challenges with e-waste, much of which originates from the water sector’s motors and control systems The country’s rapid technological growth and widespread use of electronic equipment in water management systems have led to an increase in ewaste. This is particularly evident in urban areas like Johannesburg and Cape Town, where large-scale water infrastructure projects are underway.
The informal sector in South Africa plays a crucial role in e-waste management, often handling the recycling and disposal of e-waste without proper safety measures Workers in this sector frequently encounter hazardous materials found in motor windings, circuit boards, and insulating oils without adequate protective gear or training Moreover, there is a lack of formal protocols for managing e-waste within water sector institutions, exacerbating the problem Despite South Africa's efforts to introduce e-waste policies and frameworks, including Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) schemes, enforcement and compliance remain challenging.
To address the e-waste issue in the water sector, South Africa has implemented several initiatives These include the development of formal recycling centres, publicprivate partnerships, and the use of digital tracking systems to monitor e-waste flows. Additionally, the government has launched awareness campaigns to educate the public and stakeholders about the importance of proper e-waste management
South Africa's approach to tackling e-waste in the water sector demonstrates the need for a coordinated effort involving legislation, institutional frameworks, and practical initiatives. By leveraging technology, fostering collaboration, and enhancing regulatory enforcement, South Africa aims to mitigate the environmental and health risks associated with e-waste while promoting economic opportunities through recycling and green job creation.
At national levels, countries’ efforts should seek to enact and enforce comprehensive e-waste policies aligned with global conventions (Basel, Bamako), including Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) schemes that hold manufacturers and importers accountable for end-of-life management. This encourages sustainable design, funds collection and recycling, and integrates informal waste pickers through training, financial incentives, and health protections to transform unsafe scavenging into decent green jobs Countries like South Africa, Rwanda, Ghana, Nigeria, and Kenya have pioneered such frameworks and
are developing formal recycling centres, digital tracking systems, and public-private partnerships to build capacityandinfrastructure
Moreover, issues around associated water sector e-waste like motors and controls can be tackle both at national level and collectively at international level by adopting a multi-pronged, integrated approach centred on formalizing recycling, strengthening regulation, investing in infrastructure, and leveraging innovation As a collective, African countries can focus on policies and standards harmonization regionally to prevent illegal cross-border dumping and facilitate shared recycling facilities, enabling economies of scale and technology transfer. Regional bodies like the East African Communication Organization (EACO) and the African Circular Economy Alliance (ACEA) provide platforms for coordination, knowledge sharing, and joint initiatives. Investment in digital tools such as blockchain for waste tracking, already piloted in Nigeria and Rwanda, can improve transparency and accountability continent-wide. Coordinated efforts to bridge the formal-informal divide, expand collection networks, and mobilize private sector participation will enhance the circular economy potential of e-waste, turning hazardous waste into valuable resourceslikegold,copper,andrareearthmetals
Ultimately, this integrated approaches not only will it mitigate environmental and health risks posed by toxic ewaste but also creates economic opportunities through job creation, innovation, and green industrialization By acting both singularly with strong national frameworks and united through regional cooperation, African countries can transform the e-waste challenge in the water sector and beyond into a sustainable development opportunitythatbenefitspeople,planet,andprofit.
Readings:
https://www iea org/commentaries/the-energy-sector-shouldcare-about-wastewater https://www bii co uk/en/news-insight/news/africa-receivesinvestment-boost-to-develop-water-infrastructure/ https://motomea com/why-reliable-electric-motors-are-criticalfor-water-waste-management-and-how-field-testing-can-savecities/
https://www2 fundsforngos org/articles-searching-grants-anddonors/25-donor-agencies-investing-in-water-resourcemanagement/ https://www basel int/ https://www bamakoconvention org/ https://www jica go jp/Resource/botswana/english/office/topics/c 8h0vm0000f9vzxu-att/200612 01 pdf
https://acetforafrica org/research-and-analysis/insightsideas/turning-africas-e-waste-crisis-into-a-circular-economyopportunity/
https://prism sustainability-directory com/scenario/blockchainfor-transparent-waste-tracking-systems/ https://acetforafrica org/
AUTHOR:BernadetteShalumbu-Shivute SustainableFinanceSpecialist@UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme
In an age marked by climate uncertainty, economic volatility, and public health challenges, one truth stands clear, the preservation of biodiversity is not a
luxury but a necessity. The world must act urgently to invest in biodiversity or face the consequences of ecological and economic collapse The rapid loss of biodiversity threatens the foundation of life on Earth, with far reaching consequences for climate stability, food security, global health, and economic resilience Investing in nature is not only essential for mitigating environmental shocks but also for enabling societies to thrive (World Economic Forum, 2023).
Biodiversity, defined as the variety of life on Earth, is essential for a functioning planet Without it, ecosystems collapse, and with them the natural systems that support human existence. It underpins vital ecological processes, producing the goods and services upon which all societies depend A healthy environment is a prerequisite for a stable, thriving economy Biodiversity is silently eroding under the pressure of human activities Yet, despite its critical role, it often remains on the periphery of policy priorities and investment strategies.
The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD), ratified by most countries including Namibia, is a legally binding agreement committing signatories to conserve biodiversity, use its components sustainably, and equitably share the benefits of genetic resources The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) builds on this, setting a bold target: to protect 30 percent of terrestrial, inland water, and marine areas by 2030. However, achieving this goal requires closing a staggering US$700 billion annual biodiversity finance gap (UNEP, 2025) Current investments remain insufficient despite the accelerating crisis The GBF emphasizes mobilizing funding from all sectors including governments, the private sector, philanthropy, and multilateral banks and including indigenous peoples, local communities, women, and youth in the affiliated governance processes
The GBF provides a clear roadmap, calling for at least US$20 billion per year in biodiversity-related international finance to developing countries by 2025, increasing to US$30 billion by 2030 The specific targets for biodiversity finance are:
Target 18: Phasing out or reforming at least US$500 billion per year in subsidies harmful to biodiversity
Target 19: Mobilizing US$200 billion annually by 2030 from all sources to promote conservation and sustainable use.
The world is losing biodiversity at an unprecedented rate Over 47,000 species are currently threatened with extinction, according to the IUCN (2025), representing only 28 percent of all assessed species In Namibia, critically endangered species include the cave catfish, Otjikoto tilapia, stingray, several vulture species, the black rhino, Pearson’s aloe, and the giant quiver tree.
Biodiversity loss is intertwined with climate change Resilient ecosystems, forests, oceans, wetlands are essential for carbon sequestration and climate adaptation. Their degradation accelerates global warming, reduces water availability, increases pathogen outbreaks, and weakens food systems Unsustainable agricultural practices contribute to biodiversity loss, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions A lack of agrobiodiversity also limits the health benefits of improved food production, especially for vulnerable populations (IPBES, 2024).
Biodiversity supports human well-being by regulating climate and water cycles, providing medicine, improving mental and physical health, and reinforcing cultural identity These “nature’s contributions to people” are irreplaceable and must be safeguarded (IPBES, 2024).
Investing in biodiversity is, fundamentally, investing in our collective future. Countries like Namibia, with vast and unique ecosystems, offer a compelling example of the potential for biodiversity to drive sustainable development Proper investment in conservation efforts, eco-tourism, community-based natural resource management, and green jobs can transform biodiversity into an engine for inclusive growth. Moreover, integrating nature-based solutions into urban planning, agriculture, and climate strategies can help mitigate risks while enhancing socio-economic resilience (MET, 2021)
Biodiversity finance involves mobilizing capital and incentives to support conservation It spans public and private investments, market-based instruments, and policies that redirect harmful subsidies. Despite increasing awareness, tracking biodiversity finance remains difficult due to opaque transactions and inconsistent definitions (BIOFIN, 2024) However, mobilizing the necessary financing requires bold partnerships between governments, private sector actors, and development institutions. Mechanisms such as biodiversity trust funds, green bonds, and payment for ecosystem services must be scaled up and supported by strong governance frameworks
To help navigate this universe, the Biodiversity Finance (BIOFIN) Global Programme was initiated by UNDP and the European Union in 2012 and currently has 133 participating countries, including Namibia. The BIOFIN workbook (2024) outlines six categories of financial instruments, which can often be combined into multiple instruments and often interact in the design of a single finance solution These are:
Grants: Non-repayable funds, often used for conservation projects.
Debt/Equity Instruments: Including green bonds and equity investments in biodiversity-positive businesses
Risk Management Tools: Insurance schemes and guarantees for green investments
Fiscal Instruments: Taxes on natural resource use and the removal of harmful subsidies.
Market-Based Mechanisms: Payments for ecosystem services, habitat banking, and emerging biodiversity and wildlife credit markets
Regulatory Approaches: Stronger environmental laws, penalties, and enforcement mechanisms
The government invested more than N$ 50 billion between 2006 and 2024 across three key ministries i.e. the Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism; the Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, and the Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, to cover
development and operational budgets. A decline of up to 3.3 percent in biodiversity expenditure was observed between 2015/16 and 2020/21, which further contributed to the pressing urgency to mobilize resources that would fill the deficit With Namibia having been classified as an upper middle-income country the government has understandably targeted public expenditure towards other sectors and services suggesting that biodiversity is becoming a lower priority for Namibian public funds.
Namibia is a global example of conservation success. Since independence in 1990, nearly half of the country’s land has come under some form of conservation management, including state-protected areas, communal conservancies, community forests and private reserves Local and indigenous communities play a pivotal role in this success. Yet, more can be done to empower these communities to manage and benefit from natural resources
Inequality is a major driver of biodiversity loss Many rural communities rely on extractive livelihoods due to a lack of alternatives. Wealth must be redistributed to the stewards of nature who live closest to it. Environmental recovery depends on addressing this imbalance Equitable wealth distribution can empower communities to adopt sustainable practices and reduce overexploitation of resources
The environmental movement must also overcome a growing crisis of trust. Misinformation and greenwashing undermine public confidence and limit funding for community-led initiatives Companies need tools to trace supply chains and report environmental impacts transparently Advances in geospatial technology offer ways to track biodiversity outcomes and direct investment in nature-positive projects.
Nature is our life support system, but it is under extraordinary pressure Human activity, particularly over the last century, has driven biodiversity loss to crisis levels If we fail to act, we risk reinforcing global threats from climate change, pandemics, and food insecurity The costs of inaction are mounting. But the returns of a healthy planet clean air, fertile soil, abundant water, and a stable climate are priceless.
Nature doesn’t send invoices, but it will deliver consequences The time to act is now By aligning financial systems, public policy, and community action with biodiversity goals, we can create a future where people and nature thrive together.
About the Author:
Bernadette Shalumbu-Shivute is an environmentalist by profession with 18 years of working experience Prior to joining UNDP she was the Manager responsible for Programming and Project Management at the Environmental Investment Fund of Namibia (EIF) Prior to this, she has been employed at the Climate Change Unit within the Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism (MEFT) as the National Designated Authority (NDA); spearheading and coordinating access to climate finance Bernadette spent a significant amount of her professional career (10 years) in the non-governmental (NGO) sector providing project management services to projects within the environmental sector at the Desert Research Foundation of Namibia (DRFN).
She holds a master’s degree in environmental management from the University of the Free State, an Honours degree from the University of Pretoria and an undergraduate degree in natural resources from the University of Namibia.
She is currently the project lead for BIOFIN Namibia
Proudly Namibian-owned and operated, we’re more than a publishing house we’re champions for a sustainable future! With a strong focus on Energy and Sustainability, our publications and thought leadership drive conversations that matter.
Partner with us today, and together, let’s create lasting impact!
AUTHOR:DavidJarrett Editor@RDJPublishingandRDJGroupChiefExecutiveOfficer
Courtesy:https://wwwfreepikcom/free-photo/close-up-man-repairing-computer-chips 72387223htm">Imagebyfreepik
Modern life being driven and fed by the rapid advancement of technology, has led to an unprecedented increase in electronic waste (e-
waste), posing not only significant environmental and health challenges but a commensurate policy nightmare. Between the period of 2020 and 2025, the global policy landscape has evolved to address these challenges through various legislative reforms, updated or new international agreements, and national initiatives aimed at improving e-waste management, promoting recycling, and fostering a circular economy.
www.rdjpublishing.africa
The Global E-waste Monitor 2024, published by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the United Nations University (UNU), highlights the alarming growth of e-waste In 2022, the world generated 57 4 million metric tonnes (Mt) of e-waste, and projections indicate this could rise to 82.6 Mt by 2030. Despite this surge, only 17.4 percent of e-waste was formally collected and recycled in 2019, underscoring the need for more effective policies and infrastructure
At the international level and due in no small part to the importance of this waste category, several frameworks have been established to guide e-waste management:
The Basel Convention, established in 1989, aims to reduce the movement of hazardous waste between nations, especially from developed to less developed countries It provides a comprehensive framework for the environmentally sound management of e-waste The Basel Convention enforces strict controls over the transboundary movement of e-waste, ensuring that such waste is managed and disposed of in a manner that protects human health and the environment. It also promotes the reduction of hazardous waste generation and encourages countries to develop their own waste management infrastructure
Additionally, the convention emphasizes the importance of international cooperation and partnerships to strengthen the capacity of developing countries in managing e-waste. Parties to the convention are required to report their e-waste movements and management practices, fostering transparency and accountability The Basel Convention has been instrumental in shaping global policies and encouraging the adoption of best practices in e-waste management across various regions, including Africa.
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) policies hold manufacturers accountable for the entire lifecycle of their products, including take-back, recycling, and disposal As of 2024, 67 countries had adopted EPR for e-waste These policies are designed to incentivize producers to design products that are easier to recycle and have a longer lifespan. By extending the responsibility of the producers to the post-consumer stage of a product's life cycle, EPR aims to reduce the environmental impact of e-waste and promote a more circular economy In many cases, these EPR systems involve the creation of Producer Responsibility Organizations (PROs) that manage the collection and recycling efforts on behalf of the manufacturers. These organizations play a crucial role in ensuring that e-waste is properly handled and that valuable materials are recovered and reused, thereby reducing the need for virgin resources and minimizing the environmental footprint of electronic products
The European Union's (EU) Circular Economy Action Plan (Circular Economy Initiatives) promotes the reuse and recycling of products, including electronics, to reduce waste and resource consumption This initiative aims to create a closed-loop system where resources are continuously reused, thereby minimizing waste and environmental impact. The action plan includes measures to improve product design, enhance waste management
practices, and encourage the adoption of sustainable consumption patterns By fostering innovation and collaboration among stakeholders, the European Union (EU) seeks to transition towards a more sustainable and resource-efficient economy. These initiatives have set a precedent for other regions, including Africa, to develop their own circular economy strategies and policies to tackle the growing e-waste problem
Various countries have implemented national policies to address e-waste such as China's waste import ban, implemented in 2018, restricted the import of contaminated recyclable materials, including e-waste. This policy has had significant implications for global recycling industries Others such as France where the Anti-Waste and Circular Economy Law, enacted in 2020, prohibits the destruction of unsold goods and mandates the repairability of products, gave further impetus for consumers. It also requires producers to take responsibility for the end-of-life management of their products As recent as this year (2025), India introduced a policy mandating higher minimum payouts to electronic waste recyclers However, this policy faces legal challenges from companies like LG and Samsung, who argued that the regulation imposes excessive costs on manufacturers and lacks environmental benefits.
The global policy landscape for managing electronic waste (e-waste) has significantly influenced Africa's approach to e-waste governance. While challenges persist, African nations have made notable strides in developing and implementing policies to address the growing e-waste crisis Inspired by global best practices, several African countries have adopted Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) models to manage e-waste. For instance, South Africa has established Producer Responsibility Organizations (PROs) across various waste streams, including electronic and electrical equipment These organizations facilitate the collection, recycling, and safe disposal of e-waste, ensuring that producers take responsibility for their products throughout their lifecycle.
Countries like Malawi have developed comprehensive national e-waste policies and in 2024, Malawi launched its first National E-Waste Management Policy, developed in collaboration with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) This policy provides a framework for managing e-waste, emphasizing the importance of stakeholder involvement and sustainable practices. Rwanda has also exemplified the effectiveness of public-private partnerships in e-waste management The government partnered with Enviroserve Rwanda to
establish a state-of-the-art recycling facility. This facility processes over 600,000 electronic items annually and has created more than 300 green jobs, with potential to expand further
Despite these advancements however, several challenges remain. Several African countries still lack comprehensive e-waste legislation, and informal e-waste recycling practices continue to pose environmental and health risks In many countries, e-waste is managed by the informal sector, which often lacks the capacity and knowledge to handle hazardous materials safely Inadequate collection and recycling infrastructure in many regions hinder the proper management of e-waste. Additionally, enforcement of existing regulations is often weak, hindering the effectiveness of e-waste management efforts
Looking ahead, several strategies can enhance global ewaste governance:
Strengthening International Cooperation: Enhanced collaboration between countries can lead to more effective management of e-waste, particularly in transboundary movements
Investing in Infrastructure: Developing proper collection and recycling facilities is crucial for managing e-waste effectively.
Public Awareness Campaigns: Educating consumers about the importance of recycling and the environmental
impact of e-waste can encourage responsible disposal practices
Whileprogresshasbeenmade,challengespersistanditis clearthereforethattheperiodfrom2020to2025hasseen significant developments in e-waste management continued efforts are necessary to address the growing challenges posed by e-waste Through strengthened international cooperation, robust national policies, and increased public awareness, a more sustainable and effective approach to e-waste management can be achieved.
International Telecommunication Union (ITU) (2024) The Global E-waste Monitor 2024 Retrieved from https://www itu int/en/ITUD/Environment/Pages/Publications/The-Global-E-waste-Monitor2024 aspx
United Nations University (UNU) (2020) The Global E-waste Monitor 2020. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/en/ITUD/Environment/Pages/Spotlight/Global-Ewaste-Monitor-2020 aspx Wikipedia contributors (2020) Anti-Waste and Circular Economy Law. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AntiWaste and Circular Economy Law
Reuters (2025) LG, Samsung sue Indian government over electronic-waste pricing policy. Retrieved from https://www reuters com/sustainability/climate-energy/lgsamsung-sue-indian-government-over-electronic-waste-pricingpolicy-2025-04-21/
Wikipedia contributors (2023) China's waste import ban Retrieved from https://en wikipedia org/wiki/China%27s waste import ban
From Power Plants to Green Energy: Driving Distributed Renewable Energy Solutions Across Emerging Markets
Interview with Fauzia Chevonne Okediji
contributed by: presented by:
Inthisepisode,wemeetFauziaChevonneOkediji,aManager, Utility Innovation and Distributed Renewable Energy (DRE) at The Global Energy Alliance for People and Planet (GEAPP)
FauziaChevonneOkedijisharesherstoryofhowshegotstartedin the energy industry, detailing her challenges and offering invaluableadvicetofellowyoungprofessionalsseekingtheirpath inthisdynamicindustry.
My professional journey in the energy sector began within the upstream conventional power generation industry, where I actively contributed to the implementation and management of gas-fired power projects As an Operations and Maintenance Engineer at Niger Delta Power Holding Company Limited (NDPHC), I supported the management and operation of over 2,000 MW of power generation capacity through the National Integrated Power Projects (NIPP) and its subsidiary Generation Companies (GenCos) In my role as a field engineer, I provided supporttothecommercialoperationsoftwomajorpowerplants, Geregu and Ihovbor, each exceeding 400 MW in capacity. From working morning and night shifts running gas turbines and supporting field operations in safety boots and hard hats, I transitionedtoasupervisoryroleattheheadquarters,supporting the oversight, monitoring, and optimization of the NIPP power plantportfolio.Whilemypreviousworkcontributedtoenhancing national grid power by expanding available generation capacity by over 2,000 MW, I recognized the need for a more holistic approach to energy access, particularly in addressing the grassrootsrealitiesofenergypoverty.
This realization led me to transition into a role as a Sustainable Energy Access Advisor with Deutsche Gesellschaft für InternationaleZusammenarbeit(GIZ)GmbH,implementingthe Nigerian Energy Support Programme (NESP), co-funded by the European Union andthe German Government incollaborationwith the Federal Ministry of Power I provided strategic guidance and technical assistance to both public and private entities and collaborated with international development institutions to createanenvironmentconducivetoprivatesectorinvestmentin sustainable energy My work was multifaceted, encompassing energy policy and framework development, market risk mitigation, and technology and business model innovation to accelerate Nigeria's energy access through the strategic deploymentoflow-carbonandrenewableenergytechnologiesfor unserved and underserved communities My efforts focused on both off-grid and on-grid solutions to diversify the country's energymixandpromotesustainabledevelopment
Subsequently, I took on my current role with The Global Energy Alliance for People and Planet (GEAPP) , an organization on a missiontounlockgreenenergyaccessinAfrica,Asia,Latin
America, and the Caribbean to accelerate an equitable energy transitionforpeopleandtheplanet Thisrolehasexposedmeto the exciting world of philanthropic capital deployment, with a focus on scaling distributed renewable energy (DRE) to provide access to reliable, clean power, reduce carbon emissions, and create jobs to drive inclusive economic growth in developing regions
To sum it up, my career evolution has provided me with a comprehensiveandintegratedviewoftheenergysector,fromits technicalunderpinningstoitsbroadereconomic,environmental, andsocialimplications
Myworkfocusesondesigning,developing,testing,andscalingthe deployment of transformative and innovative solutions that acceleratetheadoptionofdistributedrenewableenergy(DRE)in Africa IalsosupportcoordinationbetweenGEAPP,itsinvestment alliancepartners,andawidernetworkofstakeholders,including development finance partners, to help accelerate and unlock commitmentstoenergyinfrastructureprojects
Myworkreflectstheever-evolvingnatureoftheenergysector It’s a blend of technical and non-technical engagements, including strategic thinking and planning, project and program management, managing and nurturing relationships and partnerships, site visits to inspect ongoing projects and resolve roadblocks, team meetings to discuss current programs, data gathering and intelligence on technology and business model deployments, brainstorming and strategizing, speaking engagements and networking at industry events, and ultimately exploring ways to advance our work and mission in an efficient andeffectivemanner,withadailyfocusonprioritizingresultsand outcomes.
What are some of the challenges you have faced in the
Ihavealwaysbeendrawntochallenges,they’veshapedwhoIam and continue to fuel my growth. Besides, I relish the thrill of overcoming them, there’s a certain satisfaction in conquering hurdles and emerging stronger on the other side! My journey in the energy sector has been no exception. Beyond the genderspecificchallengesthatcomewithbeingawomaninahistorically male-dominated field, the sector itself presents a host of complexities due to its ever-evolving nature Throughout my career,Ihavebeeninvolvedinpioneeringnewmarkets,
Fauziaatthe25MWDefissolSolarPlant,RepublicofBenin’sfirstlargeSolarPVprojectfinancedbyAgenceFrançaisedeDéveloppement,theEuropeanUnionandSociétéBéninoise d’EnergieElectrique
introducing innovative concepts, business models, and frameworks, and launching pilot programs to demonstrate viability This work has often required extensive stakeholder engagement and influence, while navigating shifting global and local policies, regulatory landscapes, technological advancements, geopolitical shifts, and fluctuating macroeconomic conditions All of these market dynamics significantly impact strategies, investments, and project delivery, amplifyingthechallenges It’sbeenarollercoasterofstrategizing, re-strategizing,pivoting,coursecorrections,anddetoursisatrue case of staying on your toes, staying abreast of changes, and anticipatingtheirimplications!
Learning! It sometimes feels like one big community of professionals undergoing an endless on-the-job training in the sector It’s exciting to learn, navigate challenges, and create solutionsonthego,asoneteam,appreciatingthatawinforoneis awinforall!
Practicallyspeaking,whatdoesbalancingworkandlifetruly
entail? While I may have once thought I grasped the concept of work-life balance, I’m realizing that living it out is somewhat elusive So,nowI’membracingwork-life“integration”inamanner that is sustainable and keeps me on the path to being whole for myself, my family, friends, and community Essentially, I aim to preserve my overall well-being to allow me to contribute meaningfully to my personal relationships alongside my professionalcommitments
I’d say it’s important to understand the fundamentals and then buildonthat Thesectorismultidimensionalandrequiresdiverse skills depending on the area of focus I studied engineering in school, and my first major role in the sector was core technical andengineering-related However,IcannotcategoricallysayIwas taught or mentored on how to run gas turbines and manage the Balance of Plants in school but I honed this skill mostly through hands-on experience As I evolved through the value chain, I learned and gained more skills in policy and regulations, project management,data,renewableenergytechnologies,procurement, tenders,andmore What’simportantisawillingnesstolearnand tokeeplearning
What soft skills should someone in your field have?
Have strong interpersonal skills, including communication, maintaining a positive attitude, and teamwork Additionally, I possesscriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingabilities,alongwith beingagile,flexible,andadaptableandresilient What'scrucialis that you're able to navigate the environment, work well with others,andenhanceyourperformance
Energy is an enabler Energy is empowering The ripple effect of providing access to energy and improving electricity supply to a communityistransformationalforlivesandlivelihoods,aswellas the economic development and prosperity of nations. It’s a privilege for me to contribute to this work and see firsthand the impactoncommunities.AsmycolleaguesandIatGEAPPsay,our customeristhecitizenofthecountry!
I have the opportunity to work at the intersection of energy, climate, technology, business, and innovation for humanity. To personalizeitfurther,Ibelievemyworkisoneoftheopportunities God has graciously given me to serve humanity. This is both a privilegeandablessing!
My career in energy and international development has been incredibly rewarding, marked by numerous achievements. However, if I were to highlight one, it would be my work driving the adoption of distributed renewable energy (DRE) among Nigerianutilities.
Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsofmyworkhasbeenfostering a paradigm shift within the sector, evidenced by a greater willingnessandparticipationfromtraditionalplayers,particularly utilities,intherenewableenergysector.Throughmyleadershipin pioneering various initiatives and projects, I’ve facilitated collaborations between utilities and private developers. This has led to the development of integrated DRE and solar hybrid solutions, such as interconnected mini-grids (IMGs), across Nigeria,improvingenergyaccessandsupplyreliability
For instance, several years ago, I spearheaded the design and implementation of the groundbreaking Interconnected Mini-Grid Acceleration Scheme (IMAS), the first-ever PPP platform championed by the Rural Electrification Agency of Nigeria (REA) and the Federal Ministry of Power (FMP), supported by the European Union and the German Government/GIZ, to unlock collaboration between utilities and developers IMAS resulted in the development of a set of solar grid-connected mini-grids, totaling approximately 5 MW in capacity to serve over 130,000 peoplereliably
Iamprivilegedtocontinuedrivingandexpandingthisworkinmy currentroleatGEAPP,managingacollaborativeeffortwithRMIto demonstratetheviabilityofthemodel.We'veachievedsignificant milestones, including the completion and commissioning of severalIMGprojects.IncollaborationwithDisCos,wedevelopeda Utility DRE roadmap and toolkit to guide utilities in scaling DRE adoption, aiming for up to 20 GW of DRE capacity in the coming years.TheadoptionoftheIMGbusinessmodelbytheWorldBank under its recently launched US$750 million DARES program is a testament to its success and indicates promising future developments. I am excited about the outlook and the potential for further expansion of the DRE market in Nigeria and across Africa.
Ihadachatwithmyhusbandtheotherday,andIaskedhimwhat hisresponsewouldbeifhewereaskedaboutmypassionsoutside of work The first thing he said was, "God " So there you have it! I'mabigfanofJesusChrist,myLordandSaviour,andIstriveto dowhatpleasesandglorifiesHim,bythegraceofGod
Other things I'm passionate about include learning and growth, inspiring women, and traveling to explore the world through differentlenses I'malsoabigfanofdance specifically,watching othersdance,notme Haha!I’llalsoaddthatspendingtimewith lovedonesandlaughingisimportanttome Iloveagoodlaugh!
Lastly,I'maself-proclaimed"why-ologist"andabitofadetective at heart, always seeking to unravel the "why" and extract the detailsofeverything,huntingforanswersandexplanations Ihave aknackfordissectingeventhemostmundanedetails,seekingto uncover the deeper meaning behind everything So, if you're lookingforsomeonetochallengeyourthinking,dissect,analyze, and delve into the intricacies of your ideas, decisions, and whatnot,I'myourgirl!
How do you think that your work makes a difference in the energy space?
Over 80% of the world's unelectrified population, totalling more than600millionpeople,residesinAfrica.Myworkcontributesto addressing this energy access gap while simultaneously advancing climate action By accelerating the adoption and deployment of distributed renewable energy (DRE) solutions, my teamandIensurethatelectricityandelectronspositivelyimpact livelihoods
Increased access to energy is a critical driver of development, which in turn facilitates climate adaptation Addressing the interconnectedness of energy, development, and climate change requires a more collaborative and systemic approach This involves partnering with a diverse alliance of changemakers to exploreinnovativebusinessmodels,testandscaletransformative solutions, foster a robust ecosystem to enable growth, and developinnovativefinancingmechanisms
Mycurrentworkemploysthissystemicapproachandensuresthat philanthropic capital can be leveraged as a catalyst to unlock otherformsoffinancingandinvestmenttodrivemarketshiftsand makesignificantdifferenceinthisspace.
Donotfeeltooanxiousaboutnotknowingeverythingrightaway BelievemewhenIsaythateventhepeoplewhohavebeeninthis spaceforyearsarestillfiguringitout Ifwehadalltheanswers,we wouldhavesolvedSDG7,SDG13,andeveryotherglobalproblem bynow Justdivein,askloadsofquestions,network,beopento learning,gotheextramile,giveyourbest,andseektoaddvalue whilemakinganimpactwhereveryoufindyourself Inthewords ofBishopDavidOyedepo,“Relevance is not a function of position, but contribution ”
Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities - Uganda
Description: Construction of water projects - Construction works for Kitagata Phase III (Part One, Construction of Pools).
Closing date: 04 June 2025
https://egpuganda go ug/index/270378000 egp
National oil Company of Malawi Limited
Description: Construction of Fuel Tanker Offloading Gantry at NOCMA Lilongwe Fuel Depot
Closing date: 06 June 2025 at 10h00 AM Local Time https://ppda.mw/storage/documents/opentenders/Advert%20for%20invitation%20of%20bids%20for%20Construction%20of% 20fuel%20tanker%20offloading%20Gantry.pdf
African Union
Description: Supply, Delivery and Installation of Data Centre Equipment
Closing date: 10 June 2025 at 2h30 PM Addis Ababa time https://au int/sites/default/files/bids/44685-Specific Procurement Notice pdf
Namibia Power Corporation (Proprietary) Limited (NamPower)
Description: Consultancy Services for the Provision of Meteorological Resource, Ambient Air Quality, and Noise Level Data for the Otjikoto Biomass Power Station, near Tsumeb
Closing date: 13 June 2025 at 16h30 Namibian Time https://www nampower com na/Bid aspx?id=272175
Saudi Fund for Development – Republic of Tunisia
Description: Civil works.
Closing date: 06 Oct 2025 at 12h00 https://www sfd gov sa/en/tenders/civil-works-6
DAVID JARRETT
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SILPA KANGHONO COORDINATOR:DIGITALMARKETINGAND EVENTS @RDJPUBLISHING
NAEMI SHOOPALA RESEARCHER&ANALYST: ENERGYECONOMICS
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NICOLE FELIX CHIEFDESIGNER (LAYOUTANDDESIGN)
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GRACE KANGOTUE CHIEFRESEARCHER/ECONOMIST DEPUTYEDITOR @RDJCONSULTING
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