MFA 40th Year Anniversary ISSUE

出版 Published by

Muar Furniture Association

38,Level1,WismaMFA, TamanTunDrIsmail1,JalanBakri, 84000Muar,JohorDarulTakzim,Malaysia.

Tel:+606-9524545/9513112

Fax:+606-9512033

Email：info@muarfurniture.org

Website:www.muarfurniture.org

策划及编辑 Edited and Designed by

第40周年特刊筹委会

MFA40THANNIVERSARYSPECIALEDITIONORGANIZATION

组长：蔡开臣|副组长：黄运陇、王国威 Leader：GavinChua|Vice:NickWee，OngKokWei

方好共创 Ngamho

No.4,SecondFloor,JalanMega1, PusatPerdaganganMega,JalanSakeh, 84000Muar,JohorDarulTakzim,Malaysia.

启航麻坡家具同业商会

Voyage The Muar Furniture Association

家具的诞生地从作坊生产到工业区量产

1 Pionners and Innovators Embark the Future

The Origin of Furniture From Small-scale to Large-scale Production

家具木的转型橡胶木的抬头

Transformation The rise of Rubberwood

家具本地的批发

Distribution Wholesale at Local and Regional Market

麻坡家具冲出国际傲人的家具出口

Conquered From Kampung Champion to World Class Player

国际间崭露头角的开始麻坡家具业与家具展览会

The Beginnings of International Recognition Muar Furniture Industry and Furniture Exhibitions

麻坡家具同业展会与办展会的心路历程

The Journey of Muar Furniture Industry and Organizing Exhibitions

风雨中的坚持守护我们的家具展会

Persevering Through Challenges Safeguarding Our Furniture Exhibitions

代工时代家具代工厂林立

Outsourcing Era Roaring of The Outsourcing Factory

人力课题无法取代的人力资源及人力短缺

Manpower Issue Irreplaceable Human Resource and Labour Shortage

马来西亚家具城一千亩地的家具工业园区计划

City of Furniture Journey of Thousand Acre Furniture Park

疫情下的家具行业

Challenges Under Pandemic How the Furniture Industry Survives

疫情下的家具行业风雨同路

Challenges Under Pandemic Unity Through Thick and Thin

麻坡家具行业展望新青年新时代

The Prospect A New Era for young generation

西马第四长河流麻河流域的孕育

The Muar River Basin The Fourth Longest River in Western Malaysia

早期的麻坡家具传统手艺的精粹

Dawn The Traditional Artisan

陈 文

马来西亚 家具总会会长 陈文海 患难与共，破茧重生

四十年的风雨兼程，四十年的磨砺奋进，麻坡家具同业商会见证了麻 坡家具业的发展历程。

“患难与共，破茧重生”恰如其分地展现了我们行业的历程和精神。在 这个竞争激烈且瞬息万变的时代，家具行业经历了无数的挑战和困 难。

新冠疫情所带来的封锁效应使得家具行业受到了严重的打击。供应链 中断、订单下滑、原料短缺等等困境。家具业者则需重新评估现有的 业务模式，找到新的应对策略，适应新的市场变化，重振旗鼓，焕发 生机。

希望同业能继续以患难与共的精神，团结一致，共同应对未来的挑 战。同时也以破茧重生的决心，积极适应行业的变革，迎接更广阔的 发展空间。

四十年的历程充满了艰辛与收获，也见证了麻坡家具业的成长和进 步。但是，未来的道路仍然充满了挑战。我相信，在我们团结一致、 积极进取的努力下，麻坡家具同业商会将继续发挥引领作用，推动本 地家具行业不断发展。

最后，我在此恭贺麻坡家具同业商会成立四十周年快乐，四十年的历 程，是一段辉煌的篇章，更是一个新的起点，祝愿商会能继续带领家 具行业迈向新的高峰！

风雨四十载 领航创新章

黄 友 欢

麻坡家具 同业商会会长

黄友欢 联结与共融，创新造卓越

光阴荏苒，转眼间，麻坡家具同业商会迎来了辉煌灿烂的四十周年，我 谨向商会表示最诚挚的祝贺。

过去四十年，麻坡家具同业商会一直致力于与各政府部门和机构之间的 合作，应对市场的挑战和机遇。我们鼓励同业们建立坚实的合作关系， 分享经验，共同面对行业中的问题和困难。只有通过联结，我们才能共 同塑造一个更加繁荣和可持续发展的麻坡家具产业。

创新是麻坡家具业取得成就的关键所在。我们鼓励同仁们敢于挑战传 统，勇于尝试新的理念和技术，推动家具设计、制造和销售的创新。只 有不断创新，我们才能够满足市场的需求，提升产品的竞争力，并在激 烈的市场竞争中脱颖而出。

此外，位于峇吉里的麻坡家具园即将完工，家具工厂也将陆续进驻建 厂。麻坡家具园的建成不仅标志着该麻坡家具产业的崛起，同时也彰显 了麻坡作为家具制造业的重镇之地。该家具园将会为市区带来新的商 机，提升经济发展，为当地居民提供更多就业机会。

麻坡家具业仍有很多发展空间，我们商会将会继续推动麻坡家具产业的 发展，促进同业之间的交流，为整个行业搭建了良好的合作桥梁。

展望未来，我充满期待地与各位同仁共同努力，共同开创麻坡家具同业 商会更加辉煌的明天。

风雨四十载 领航创新章 5 Pionners and Innovators Embark the Future

第40周年特刊 筹委会组长 蔡开臣 持续领航创新章

恭贺麻坡家具同业商会荣耀地迈入四十周年。作为这次特刊的筹委会 主席，我感到无比自豪和荣幸。

回顾过去四十年，我们骄傲地看到麻坡家具产业的蓬勃发展。从最初 的小规模生产到现在的大规模生产，从传统的手工制作到现代化的生 产工艺，麻坡家具业在质量、设计和市场竞争力等方面都取得了巨大 进步，这离不开同业们的不懈努力和持续的创新精神。

“持续领航”需要我们不断地追求创新。在当今瞬息万变的时代，创新 是我们前进的动力，也是我们立足市场的基石。只有不断推陈出新， 勇于突破传统框架的束缚，我们才能在激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之 地。

未来，我们新一代将继续领航，为麻坡家具业的可持续发展做出更大 贡献。在关键时刻，麻坡家具同业商会将继续 站在前沿，完成使命和 责任，引领着会员们朝着新的里程碑迈进，开创新篇章。

我要向所有为麻坡家具业发展作出贡献的人们致以衷心的感谢。是你 们的辛勤努力和智慧拓宽了麻坡家具业的发展道路。

我相信，在未来的岁月里，我们一定能够携手并肩，继续领航创新 章，书写麻坡家具业更加美好的明天。

风雨四十载 领航创新章

Pionners and Innovators Embark the Future

西马第四长河流

麻坡

THE MUAR RIVER BASIN

THE FOURTH LONGEST RIVER IN WESTERN MALAYSIA

麻河流域的孕育

风雨四十载 领航创新章

西马第四长河流 麻河流域的孕育

位于马来西亚南部柔佛的麻坡(Muar)，是马来西亚最 古老的城市之一，甚至历史比马六甲更悠久，可追溯 至满者伯夷时代。“麻坡”这个地名，传言跟处在麻河 的河口相关，据说早期苏门答腊人来马来半岛经商， 看见宽大的麻坡河口，便开始命名为“Muara”(河口)， 后就成了“Muar”的由来。

麻坡的开拓，与港主制度有关。早期因种植甘蜜和胡 椒而吸引南来的华人，于麻河下游河畔的麻坡市停泊 及进行经商贸易，促成河岸商店逐渐林立，带动不同 领域的经济发展，使得麻坡市成为了麻河流域的重要

港口。70年代以前，麻坡曾是柔佛州人口最多的城 市，也一直是柔佛最重要的产业城市。

随着横跨麻河两岸的苏丹依斯迈大桥1967年正式通 车，改变了麻坡原本的主要经济结构。70年代之后， 随着陆路交通的开发，离开麻坡到其他城市发展的年 轻人日趋增多，麻坡的人口逐渐下降。1980年代随着 麻坡家具的兴起，吹起一波新经济浪潮，愈来愈多麻 坡人加入家具及相关行业。而这一浪潮就延续了四十 年，如今约有800家家具工厂，贡献马来西亚总家具 出口的65-70%，享有“马来西亚家具城”美誉。

麻坡于1887年8月12日苏丹阿布阿布峇卡赐封麻坡为“香妃城”，并于2012年2月5日苏丹依布拉欣赐封麻坡为“王城”。

一种米养百种人，一条麻河孕育无数的麻坡人。

撰写 蔡耀铭

究竟为什么麻坡这个对于家具行业来说，并没有占天时

地利的大环境优势，却能够发展成家具制造业的重镇 呢？经过40周年特刊统整之后，归类于四大原因：

1. 传统家具的转型，组装家具的开发

2. 团结一致的家具同业商会组织

3. 集中的产业链，卫星工厂般的上中下游相互辅助

4. 汇聚同行的家具展览会，向国际展示家具的舞台

BANDAR

MAHARANI

THE MUAR RIVER BASIN

THE FOURTH LONGEST RIVER IN WESTERN MALAYSIA

The Muar River bestows everlasting vitality upon the community of Muar.

Muar, which is one of the oldest cities with a history that predates Malacca, is situated in the southern region of Johor, Malaysia. According to legend, the name “Muar’’ came from Sumatran traders who came to the Peninsular Melaya early on. In the beginning, the Muar River was referred to as “Muara” (estuary), and later as “Muar”.

Muar received the designation “Bandar Maharani” from Sultan Abu Bakar on August 12, 1887, and “Bandar Diraja” from Sultan Ibrahim on February 5, 2012.

Muar’s development is closely tied to the Kangchu System. Early on, due to the farming of gambir and pepper, it attracted Chinese immigrants from south China. They conducted business in the Muar River downstream, promoting economic growth in a number of industries and elevating Muar to a significant port within the Muar River Basin. Muar continued to be Johor’s major city up to the 1970s. The construction of the Sultan Ismail Bridge in 1967, spanning across the Muar River and connecting both sides, Muar’s main economic structure experienced a change.

Edit Chua Yeow Meng Translate Er Hwee Ting

What is the reason that Muar being chosen as the habitat of the furniture industry, despite not having significant natural advantages for the furniture? There are four element being concluded by ‘40 anniversaries special issue’:

1. Innovation of traditional furniture and the development of assembled furniture.

2. A unified and synergistic furniture association.

3. Comprehensive industrial chain comprises three key components from upstream, midstream, toward downstream stakeholder.

4. Well organized furniture exhibits that bring together professionals from the sector and present furniture on a global scale.

THE TRADITIONAL ARTISAN

一种米养百种人，

一条麻河孕育无数的麻坡人

早期的麻坡家具 传统手艺的精粹

DAWN

早期的麻坡家具： 传统手艺的精粹

60年代以前，依麻河畔为生的麻坡小镇，因早期港主 制度而南来的华人，绝大多数是以种植业为生。那时 候 的工业并不普及，种植业也因耕农地的有限而限制 了工作机会，以至年轻人大多都是往大城市工作，如

北上 吉隆坡、或是南下新加坡。

麻坡家具同业商会的创办人陈泉春也曾是个到新加坡 打工的青年。因麻坡工作就业机会有限，为了生计他

背井离乡远赴新加坡谋生。而在新加坡从事建筑工业

的 14 年后，陈泉春于1976 年回到了家乡麻坡。当时 他的兄弟大多以制作家具为生，回乡后的陈泉春就跟 随兄弟的步伐步入了家具业。

早期的家具行业更像是传统手艺活，虽然木匠师傅们 拥有精粹的手艺，但收入并不稳定。当时候唯有逢年 过 节，消费者才会购买家具。消费者为家中增添家具

的管道有二：到家具店购买，或是找木匠师傅客制化 订做家具。“早期的家具制造业者是非常被动的，只 能按照家具店下的订单进行生产。”无论是款式、种 类、数量，或是价钱，皆由话语权比较大的家具店所 决定的。

60年代以前的家具是一体成型的，每一件家具的制作 是在家具制造厂完成后，送往家具店的。一体成型的 家具在运输上有着种种不便，最初的运输方式是使用 一辆三轮车载送，若是较为大型的家具，一次只能载 一件，需要一至两位员工推至家具店。为了避免在路 途中刮花其表面，大部分的家具都是到家具店后，再 依据市场的 需求再进行加工上漆。

陈泉春在走访不少地方之后，发想了一个可能性：将 家具以部件“组装”的方式，各别进行制作、运输，待 售卖时才进行组装。这能为运输过程中腾出了更多的 时间和空间成本。在长途的运输中， 能有效减少因为 包装问题产生的瑕疵品。另外，以 “部件组装”的方式 进行生产，使得整个生产过程“部件化”，变成一套有 系统的流水线，以十张桌子为例，生产线可以先制作 了十张桌面，再专心地制作四十支桌脚，各别包装之 后，送往家具店再组装起来，或是让购买者带回家再 组装起来。

“组装家具”的开发，不仅大大提升了销量，更为自从 采取了这套“部件组装”的生产模式，业绩量大幅提 升，吸引不少业者纷纷效仿，麻坡家具行业迎来了良 机。

一种米养百种人，一条麻河孕育无数的麻坡人。

受访者 陈泉春 撰写 高宇心

DAWN

THE TRADITIONAL ARTISAN

Before the 1960s, the Chinese immigrants who arrived in Muar due to the Kangchu system primarily engaged in agriculture for their livelihood. Industrialization was not widespread during that time, and limited agricultural land restricted job opportunities in the farming sector. As a result, many young people sought employment in larger cities like Kuala Lumpur or Singapore.

Due to the lack of career opportunities in Muar, Tan Chuan Choon also left for Singapore in pursuit of a prominent future. Tan Chuan Choon moved back to Muar in 1976 after spending 14 years working in Singapore’s construction sector. Most of his brothers were already working in the furniture industry, so Tan Chuan Choon entered the field after them.

In its early days, the furniture industry resembled traditional craftsmanship, where skilled carpenters possessed refined skills but faced unstable incomes. Furniture purchases were mainly made during the festive seasons, creating a seasonal demand. Consumers had two options to acquire furniture: buying from furniture stores or commissioning custom-made furniture from carpenters. “Early furniture manufacturers were passive and could only produce according to orders

placed by furniture stores,” Tan Chuan Choon recalls. The design, variety, quantity, and price of furniture were all in favour of the influential furniture stores preference.

Early furniture was made as a single object and could not be disassembled. As a result, moving furniture required the use of a trishaw, which presented transportation issues. Only one piece of larger furniture could move at a time, so one or two staff members had to push it to the furniture store. Furniture will be painted according to market demands upon reaching the store to prevent surface damage during transportation.

After travelling to numerous locations, Tan Chuan Choon came up with the idea of assembling the furniture, manufacturing and transporting it separately, and installing it upon sale. The advent of “assembled furniture” resulted in much higher sales, time and space savings during transit, and effectively reduced defects caused by packaging issues. However, before becoming successful, this concept suffered from several failures. Sales have increased since using the “component assembly” production approach, inspiring many business owners in the sector to imitate it. The Muar furniture industry seized a golden opportunity.

Edit Ko Ee Sin

Translate Er Hwee Ting

天时地利？

运输港口？

原产材料？

VOYAG THE MUAR FURNITURE ASSOCIATION

麻坡家具同业商会启航

风雨四十载 领航创新章

启航 麻坡家具同业商会

麻坡并没有天时地利，没有运输港口的外在优势，更 没有原产材料的资源，陈泉春知道要把麻坡家具行 业做得更好，唯有“人和“。早在1982年，其他县市早 已成立家具公商会，唯独麻坡尚未拥有自己的商会

。在陈泉春的号召下，将一盘散沙的同业组织起来， 成立了麻坡家私同业公会（Muar Furniture Council） 。当时候会员仅仅30多家，而与家具行业有关的辅助 工业，如机械、五金、原料生产的商 家，都能加入商 会。

首任会长陈泉春认为需要一个场所凝聚商会的会员， 所以他于会员大会中提议购置会所。然而投票结果为 七对七的平票，最终交由会长的决定，通过这项动 议。由于此时的商会处于草创阶段，并没有大量的储 备资金，通过这项动议后，会员们纷纷付出一份力， 在会员大会结束后就筹得5万零吉。而另外5万零吉由 众会员对外的筹款，发起募捐，一家一家家具厂游说 拜访。最终在大家的力挺下，于短短的几个月间最终 筹获 10 万零吉，购置了于麻坡阿都拉曼路的会所。

随着商会的成立，麻坡家具同业商会在团结同业力 量、凝聚同业共识方面，扮演着极其重要的角色：保 护同 业的利益、调解一些同业之间的纠纷。除了带领 同业从传统手艺逐步走向机械化生产，也在政府与同 业会员之间扮演调剂者。陈泉春在任期间曾向有关当 局提案，申请规划工业地让非法地业者有个合法的做 法；也曾向原产部提出禁止对外出口一些国内常用的 原木料，以确保家具同业能有稳定的原木料的供给。

为求商会有更广泛的作用，寻求更多、更广的商业 契机，麻坡家私同业公会（Muar Furniture Council） 于1998年正式易名为麻坡家具同业商会（Muar Furniture Association）。同年，商会以这十余年累积下

的积蓄，耗资120万零吉打造麻坡峇吉里三层楼新会

所。在这座新会所内，设有资讯中心、图书馆、资料 室。

推动麻坡家具走向国际舞台

受访者 陈泉春 撰写 高宇心

左上图 为1984年的第一家会所(位于阿都拉曼路)

左下图 为1998年的第二家会所(位于峇吉里)

ASSOCIATE VOYAG

THE MUAR FURNITURE ASSOCIATION

In the early stages of developing the furniture industry in Muar, there were no transportation advantages or abundant resources available.

The Muar Furniture Council (MFC) was founded in 1982 by Tan Chuan Choon after he recognized that cooperation was the key to developing the Muar furniture sector. At the time, there were only around 30 member companies, and any business related to the furniture industry, such as machinery, hardware, and raw material suppliers, could join the association.

Tan Chuan Choon, the association’s first president, understood the necessity for a dedicated location to bring its members together. As a result, he suggested acquiring a clubhouse at a general assembly meeting. Despite the early stages of the association having minimal financial means, the vote to buy a clubhouse narrowly passed in the motion. The members embarked on fundraising efforts, reaching out to furniture factories and collecting donations. In just a few months, they raised hundred thousand ringgit and acquired a clubhouse on Jalan Abdullah Rahman in Muar.

With the establishment of the association, the MFA played a crucial role in bringing together business forces and encouraging unity among its members. It defended the industry’s advantages and resolved conflicts with furniture proprietors. The MFA not only led the industry’s transition from traditional craftsmanship to mechanised production but also acted as an intermediary between the government and its members. During Tan Chuan Choon’s tenure, he proposed initiatives to legitimise illegal businesses by requesting industrial land in government council planning. He also advocated for the restriction of exporting certain commonly used domestic timbers, ensuring a stable supply of timber for the furniture industry.

The Muar Furniture Council formally changed its name to the Muar Furniture Association in 1998 in order to widen its scope and look for bigger economic prospects. With the fund accumulated through the past decade, MFA invested RM 1.2 million to build a new threestory headquarters in Bakri, Muar. There are amenities including an information center, library, and resource room within the new headquarters.

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1987年于麻坡举办第一次的展览会

聚集家具同业的展览会

麻坡家具同业商会秉持前瞻性视野，汲取其他产业在 其他城镇的成功案例，从中意识到举办展览会聚集相 关的上、中、下游的同行业者。于是1987年在麻坡 开创举办大型家具展览会的先河，然后于1989年至 1994年间，先是针对国内买家举办的家具展览，后是 走出麻坡、走出柔佛的家具外销展览会，自此正式推 动麻坡家具走向国际舞台。

开办展览会的初步无法取得广大同业认同参与，但两 次对国内买家的展览会皆取得鼓舞的成绩，紧接着参

与单位愈加扩大，展览会更具规模。来到1990年，麻 坡家具商会再创高峰，通过举办麻坡家具展正式开拓 国际市场，协助同业搭上出口列车。根据记录，麻坡 家具同业商会也在隔年全力推动，并以总会名义举办 针对国内买家展览会。1992年的家具展览会晋升为州 际性展览会，即柔州家具展，成绩傲人，备受关注。

麻坡家具同业商会秉持前瞻性视野，带领同业从传 统手工逐步走向机械化生产，在成立短短5年后，于 1987年在麻坡开创举办大型家具展览会的先河，自此 正式推动马来西亚家具走向国际舞台。

随后以马来西亚家具总会的名义，于

1987、1989、1991年举办了国内家

参展商于展览会上向买家展示产品

THE EXHIBITIONS

A GATHERING OF THE FURNITURE INDUSTRY

Embracing a forward-thinking vision, the MFA drew inspiration from successful exhibitions in other towns and industries. They realised the importance of organising trade shows to bring together stakeholders from the upstream supply chain, midstream manufacturing and downstream retailing sectors. In 1987, they pioneered a largescale furniture exhibition in Muar, followed by domestic buyer-focused exhibitions from 1989 to 1994. Subsequently, they expanded their reach beyond Muar and Johor with furniture export exhibitions, propelling Muar furniture onto the international stage.

Initially, participation in the exhibitions faced challenges in garnering widespread industry support. However, both domestic exhibitions achieved impressive sales, leading to an increase in participating companies and the scale of the exhibitions. In 1990, the MFA reached a new pinnacle by officially venturing

into the international market through the Muar Furniture Exhibition. The following year, they continued their efforts by organising exhibitions under the name of the Malaysia Furniture Council (MFC) for domestic buyers. The 1992 furniture exhibition was elevated to a state-level event, known as the Johor Furniture Exhibition, gaining remarkable achievements and significant attention. The MFA demonstrated foresight in leading the industry’s transition from traditional artisanal to mechanised production. Just five years after its establishment, they embarked on the historic journey of organising a large-scale furniture exhibition in Muar in 1987, marking the formal push of Malaysian furniture onto the international stage. The MFA’s unwavering commitment to unity, advancement, and internationalisation has played a crucial role in shaping the remarkable growth of the Muar furniture industry.

GATHERING FURNITURE INDUSTRY EXHIBITIONS

Muar Export Furniture Exhibition on 1994 Johor Furniture Exhibition on 1992

家具的 诞 生

THE ORIGIN OF FURNITURE

FROM SMALL-SCALE TO LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION

从作坊到工业区

风雨四十载 领航创新章

微型

家具的诞生地: 从作坊生产到工业区量产

麻坡家具业始于微型工业，木匠师傅们在住家旁的空 地，或是住家的后院，简单地用竹竿或是木头搭起个 帐篷或棚架，摆上几张面积较大的桌子，再把需要使 用到的机械或是工具搬至该位置，就可开始运作，如 锯木、 刨木、装订等。

木匠师傅们穿起了吊带背心，就开始了匠人生活。刨 木时所产生的粉尘，随风飘扬到住家的个个角落；家 具完成时需要费时费力一番功夫后才能将后院空地清 空干净。早期木匠师傅们的工作环境并不优越。随后 随着订单逐渐变多，历经多个成长阶段，木匠师傅们 开始寻地建厂。那时候小型家具厂林立四处可见，在 峇里巴九（Parit Bakar）一带随处都能看见木匠师傅 们制作家具时的身影。而中学毕业后的蔡利成和当时

候的年轻人一样，由于麻坡早期并没有什么工作机 会，领着每个月 20 零吉的报酬，成为了制作家具师 傅的学徒。

蔡利成，第十一届麻坡家具同业商会会长，也是从家 具学徒做起，当了数年学徒后，在柔叻区的住家后院 小本经营起小型工厂。“逐水畔的柔叻区（Jorak）以 前是农业地，后来政府改为工业地。” 随着订单越接 越多，工厂的规模也越做越大。正当烦恼空间愈渐 不足时，当时的政府将原是农业地的柔叻区，改为工 业地，配合政府的政策，蔡利成决定搬到柔叻区工业 地，成为早期进入柔叻工业区做家具的先锋之一。

随后柔叻工业区陆续吸引了不少家具业者进驻，一个 聚集家具同业业者的工业区，会联动上、中、下游产 业，甚至带动周边的行业，如运输业、餐饮业。尔后 随着家具的家具的制作流程不再是 A 至 Z 一口气成 产，而是可以将部分的家具以外包的形式，交给不同 专业的代工厂处理，亦延申出不少的家具代工厂。

受访者 蔡利成 撰写 高宇心

THE ORIGIN

THE ORIGIN OF FURNITURE FROM SMALL-SCALE TO LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION

The Muar furniture industry had humble beginnings in the form of cottage industries, with master carpenters setting up tents or makeshift workshops in the open spaces or backyards near their homes. Equipped with a few large tables and essential tools, they embarked on their woodworking endeavours. Life and work were intertwined in an environment filled with swirling wood shavings, and their living conditions were far from luxurious.

As orders gradually increased, the carpenters sought out suitable locations to establish their own factories. Small-scale furniture factories became a common sight, and the presence of carpenters crafting furniture could be seen throughout Parit Bakar. Just like many other young people at that time, Chua Lee Seng, who had completed his secondary education, became a furniture apprentice due to the limited job opportunities in Muar.

Chua Lee Seng claim that Jorak was previously an agricultural area, but later the government converted it into an industrial zone. After several years as an apprentice, Chua Lee Seng started operating a small factory in

the backyard of his residence located in the district of Johor. As the number of orders continued to grow, the factory expanded in size. When faced with the challenge of limited space, Chua Lee Seng seized the opportunity presented by the government’s policy of converting the agricultural area of Johor into an industrial zone. He decided to relocate to the industrial zone, becoming one of the pioneers to establish a furniture factory in the early days of the Jorak Industrial Zone. Subsequently, Jorak Industrial Zone attracted numerous furniture industry players to set up their operations.An industrial zone that brings together furniture industry professionals not only creates synergy within the industry but also has a ripple effect on upstream, midstream, and downstream industries, even spurring the growth of related sectors such as transportation and food services. As the furniture production process evolved from a sequential “A to Z” approach to one that involves outsourcing specific components to specialized contract manufacturers, numerous furniture OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) factories emerged as well.

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风雨四十载 领航创新章

家具木的转型： 橡胶木的抬头

橡胶产量占世界的总量约30%

橡胶 木

马来西亚是橡胶木出产国之一，80年代马来西亚的天 然橡胶产量占世界的总量约30%。早期全国各地广泛 的橡胶种植园，在取完胶汁的橡胶木，大部分直接砍 伐焚烧。当取完胶汁的橡胶木被发现在经过防腐和加 工后，非常适合做成家具，特别是其材质坚硬、花纹 美观、色泽均匀，且触感十分光滑，身价增涨，也成 为了家具业的“新宠“。

极富远见及胆识的麻坡家具业前辈，善用橡胶木资源 优势，开拓橡胶木加工产业，达致自供自给，把家具 行业带动起来，也成功让麻坡家具产品冲出马来西

亚，进军国际。在家具同业商会重组之后，北征南下 造访不同国家进行交流后，借助遍布橡胶林的马来西

亚具有原材料“就地取材“的优势，第二任麻坡家具同 业商会会长黄世文，从日本引进了木材烘干先进技术

与设备，开设麻坡首间家具烘房，并聘请台湾工程师

为本地员工进行教育培训，与兄弟负责生产橡木家具 出口，开启以麻坡研发生产的橡胶木原料。这项大胆

的尝试，开创了麻坡家具业，以橡胶木取代热带木制 作家具的先河，引领了麻坡家具行业从纯手工艺走向 工业化，拓展出口，开创家具出口至全世界，将麻坡 家具业的发展带动另一个转捩点。

“经过锯断处理的橡胶木，为确保其品质，橡胶木得 浸泡药水两小时后，置放虫粉防虫蛀。随后叠起进 烘房进行12天至1个月时间的烘干。这些原料皆须繁 密且严谨的过程。“

经本地研究、防腐和加工处理的 橡胶木，成为了优质的原材料，不仅符合环保原则， 且可以制作美观耐用的家具，品质更是深受欧美、澳 洲、日本、新加坡等国家消费者的欢迎。

“橡胶木可以生产乳胶，树龄达25年后能被用做家 具，一物二用，经济效益很高。“ 当年，一些睿智又 有远见的家具先辈勇敢拓展上游企业，提供橡胶木原 料给厂商，加大助麻坡家具业“加速跑“，不断创新与 发展。　麻坡家具行业先驱业者许坤泉与伙伴于1990

受访者 黄世文 | 许坤泉 撰写 刘美娇

年代创办的胜高工业有限公司，在最早期大量收购森 林伐木、橡胶木与各种木材，并采用新技术机器烘板 锯木，供应给家具厂商。

除了主要输出中国与欧洲国家的伐木，该公司也从橡 胶局及种植集团处标家大量橡胶木，同时在吉兰丹州 设立大型厂房，进行防腐烘干，再批发销售给家具厂

商，及自己生产家具。许坤泉指麻坡家具行业的崛 起，主要归功于本地拥有橡胶木资源，而产自我们自 己国家的橡胶木，价格更为便宜。另加上技术，及由 台湾日本聘请来的专才，成本相对较低。

相比于其他木料，价格更优且品质不差的橡胶木拥有 更大的竞争力。虽然如此，橡胶木制造的家具未必是 便宜货色，经防腐及干燥处理后的橡胶木材，因为颜

色淡雅、木纹独特清晰，加上木质坚硬，一向是深受 欢迎的家具系列。

然而，近年橡胶木原料缩减及外劳员工短缺的问题， 成为家具业者面临的巨大挑战，但业者在力求产品不 断创新同时，逐渐从本地转向邻国如泰国采购木材原 料。 “如今割橡胶的工友越来越少，大部份橡胶林分 部在吉兰丹，且是聘用泰国人割橡胶 其他州属包括柔 佛已很难见到翻种橡胶，主要其经济效益并不理想。

“基于树龄未达25年的橡胶木，容易出现裂纹，为保 证品质，业者坚持采用达标老树，往往橡胶树翻种须 等一段很长的时间，加上逢年尾雨季不能展开砍伐工 作，致家具市场经常面对缺乏木材货源窘境。随著成 本提高，家具同业不断研发，精理管理，一再突破并 为产品升级，从低端走向中上及高端，才能从竞争对 手中抢得更多市场份额，巩固麻坡为马来西亚家具城 的地位。

TRANSFORMATION

THE RISE OF RUBBERWOOD

Malaysia, being one of the rubberwoodproducing countries, accounted for approximately 30% of the world’s total natural rubber production in the 1980s. In the past, after extracting latex from rubberwood, most of it was directly cut down and burned. However, it was eventually found that rubberwood that had been processed and treated after the latex had been extracted was excellent for making furniture.Because of its sturdiness, beautiful appearance, and smooth texture, it has become known as the top option in the furniture sector.

The pioneers of the Muar furniture industry capitalised on the advantage of rubberwood resources and developed the rubberwood processing industry to achieve selfsufficiency. They successfully propelled Muar furniture products beyond Malaysia’s borders and ventured into the international market. Second President of MFA, Eng Say Teng, imported advanced wood drying technology and equipment from Japan. Who established the first furniture drying facility in Muar and hired Taiwanese engineers to provide professional training to local workers. With this initiative, Muar began to produce and export oak furniture using locally developed rubberwood materials.The Muar furniture industry transformed from traditional

handicraft to industrialisation and along the path of exports by this bold initiative, which pioneered the utilisation of rubberwood as a substitute for tropical hardwood in furniture production.

According to  Eng Say Teng, sawn rubberwood must first be treated with an insecticide to avoid infestation before being immersed in a preservative solution for two hours to ensure its quality. It is then dried in the kiln for a period ranging from 12 days to one month. These materials undergo a meticulous and stringent process.” Through research, preservation, and processing of rubberwood, the material has become a premium resource that not only adheres to environmental principles but also enables the production of aesthetically pleasing and durable furniture. Its quality has gained popularity among consumers in Europe, America, Australia, Japan, Singapore, and other countries.

Rubber latex may be used to make items made of latex, and rubberwood can be used to make furniture once it reaches the age of 25, both of which have significant economic advantages.In the early days, some wise and visionary furniture pioneers also ventured into upstream enterprises by providing rubberwood materials to manufacturers.

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Koh Kun Chuan and his partners established Sern Kou Furniture Industries Sdn Bhd in the 1990s. They acquired an enormous amount of rubberwood and utilised advanced machinery and technology for wood drying and sawing, supplying both external furniture manufacturers and their own factory.

Koh Kun Chuan attributed the rise of the Muar furniture industry to the region’s affordable rubberwood resources, coupled with technology and expertise brought in from Taiwan and Japan, resulting in relatively lower overall costs. However, furniture made from rubberwood is not necessarily cheap. Treated and dried rubberwood, with its subtle colour, distinct wood grain, and sturdy texture, has always been a sought-after furniture choice. In recent years, the reduction in rubberwood supply and shortage of foreign labor have become significant challenges for furniture industry players. To address these challenges, furniture businesses are striving for continuous product innovation and gradually shifting towards neighboring countries like Thailand to source wood materials.

“Nowadays, there are fewer workers available for rubber tapping, and most rubber plantations are located in Kelantan, where they hire Thai workers for rubber tapping. In other states, including Johor, rubber plantation replanting is becoming a rare sight, due to which it is not economically viable.”

However, rubberwood is at risk of cracking if it is harvested before it reaches the age of 25. To ensure quality, manufacturers insist on using mature trees. However, rubber trees require a long period to grow, and logging activities are restricted during the rainy season at year-end. This often leads to a shortage of wood supply in the furniture market. With the rising costs, the furniture industry continues to engage in research and development and continuous breakthroughs to upgrade their products, transitioning from low-end to mid-range and high-end segments. This is essential progress to seize a bigger portion in the industry to compete with rivals and consolidate Muar’s position as Malaysia furniture hub.

RUBBER LATEX

DISTRIBUTION

WHOLESALE AT LOCAL AND REGIONAL MARKET

组装家具的成功，

为运送及存货空间腾出更多的发展空间

国内市场与 国内批发 批发

早期人们只在逢年过节或是特定的喜庆节日，才会到 家具店下单购买家具。家具制造业者制作的家具，送 到 家具店时大部分都是没有上漆的。因此，家具店通 常会针对市场的需求进行上漆。从上漆至烘干漆面， 生产 一份完整的家具非常耗时。

1980年代吕良钦家族经营杂货店贸易，后来看到家人 将麻坡本地的家具卖给了邻居，让吕良钦萌生了“本 地家具批发”这一条思路。吕良钦与家人成立了联益 有限公司，从麻坡的家具制造厂购入家具，再转手将 家具贩卖给消费者。

起初的运送模式是，家具在家具店上漆烘干后，用报 纸包装起来，搬上三轮车运送到消费者手中。一辆三 轮车只能装下一套家具。当时的路况也不允许货车

通往个个地方，因为乡间小道还是很多，货车无法 通行。后 来“组装家具“的崛起，简短了家具生产的时 间，亦方便了家具的运输。

后来，人们的生活习惯产生了变化，不再是10人一屋 的大家庭，很多年轻人都选择自己组成小家庭，有了 自己的小住户。时代背景的促使下，人们对家具的需 求量也大幅提升。加上家具制作流程精简化，不管是

WHOLESALE

DISTRIBUTION

WHOLESALE AT LOCAL AND REGIONAL MARKET

运 送上和存货空间都腾出更多的发展空间。吕良钦 意识到此时可以拓展市场，所以他开始了家具的市场 营销。 于是公司买进一台台罗里，带着所有合作厂家 的商品样品照片，到一间一间家具店进行推销，收集 了所有订单之后，再向家具厂进货。比较热卖的款式 甚至会直接囤货。像是推拉式衣柜，餐桌和床架等。

慢慢地，吕良钦不仅在麻坡批发家具，批发区域还涵 盖吉隆坡、吉打、东海岸登嘉楼、吉兰丹，乃至国外 新加坡、香港。批发的家具种类繁多，小至床褥大 至所有家庭需要用的家具都有货源。“虽然小部分也 会从国外进口，不过主要还是以本地家具厂家为主较 多，因为不同地区有着不同的生活习惯。“ 像是日本 倾向于卧睡在榻榻米上，因此床架在日本需求量没有 那么大；澳洲也不盛行推拉式衣柜，相较之下抽拉式 衣柜较为适合他们生活习惯。因此本地家具厂家出产 的商品，相较之下会更符合本地人的生活习惯。

随后，因家具行业体系越渐成熟，家具业者越来越 多，家具市场百花齐放，价格款式丰富多样化，这也 使得部分家具业者将国内“战场”转战至国外。而部分 家具业者转而专攻国外市场，像是美国，对长方餐桌 椅、单人沙发更有需求。

In the beginning, people only purchased furniture on specific festive occasions. When furniture manufacturers delivered their products to furniture stores, most of them were unpainted. Therefore, furniture stores would typically paint the furniture based on market demands, which is a time-consuming process.

In the 1980s, Ler Liong Kim’s family was running a grocery shop. However, when he saw his family selling local furniture from Muar to neighbour. He was inspired and started a wholesale business. He and his family established the Nean Eik Trading Sdn Bhd, a company that acquired furniture from furniture manufacturing factories in Muar

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GLOBAL MARKET

and then direct retail the furniture to the consumer.

Initially, the transportation method involved wrapping the painted and dried furniture in newspapers and delivering it to consumers on trishaw. However, the limited load capacity of the trishaw and poor road conditions prevented efficient delivery to various locations. The rise of assembled furniture changed the landscape by reducing production time and facilitating furniture transportation.

Gradually, people’s living habits began to change, the younger generation chose to live with their small families. The need for furnishings was greatly raised by this change. With streamlined manufacturing processes and improved transportation and storage capabilities, Ler Liong Kim expanded his market presence. In order to

increase sales, he visited furniture retailers with photographs of all the products. After collecting all the orders, he would then proceed to purchase the necessary furniture from the manufacturing factories.

Later on, Ler Liong Kim expanded his wholesale territory to include Kuala Lumpur, Kedah, Terengganu, Kelatan and even Singapore. His inventory encompassed a wide range of furniture, from small items like mattresses to essential household furniture. He stated, “Although we import a small portion from abroad, the majority of our products are sourced from local furniture manufacturers because different regions have different living habits.”

As the furniture industry matured and the market offered a diverse range of styles and price points, local furniture businesses switched their sights to global markets.

于1987年及1989年成功 举办了针对国内买家的展览会

CONQUERED

FROM KAMPUNG CHAMPION TO WORLD CLASS PLAYER

傲人的家具出口 冲出 国际

风雨四十载 领航创新章

分

“那个年代所生产的家具只能内销，有小部分能分 销至新加坡，那时候麻坡家具的收入其实也非常有 限。“ 在麻坡家具同业商会成立以后，接获棒子的第 二任会长黄世文与理事们南征北伐，到不同的地方甚 至不同的领域进行考察，汲取其他同行或是异业的经 验。

新加坡是最初考察的重镇，虽然新加坡不是以发展家 具业为重心，但地理优势占优的新加坡是繁华的金融 贸易中心，亦是情报、商业讯息的汇集地。经过到各 地考察之后，理事们决定在麻坡举办家具展览会，在 获得同业支持力量，于1987年及1989年成功举办了针 对国内买家的展览会。

在展览会上除了能汇聚同业厂家，提供国内买家采购

平台的便利，亦能为家具厂家招揽到订单，随即麻坡

家具同业商会在1990年主办麻坡家具展，并于1992

年拓展至主办柔佛家具展。随着一次次展览会的成

功，家具业的订单获得提升，也随着引进国外技术及 机器，渐渐从纯手工艺走向半机械化，注重好品质的 麻坡家具业逐渐扩大生意版图。接着于1994年专班 麻坡家具外销展览会，正式将麻坡的家具品牌，冲出 国际。麻坡家具同业商会理事发挥同心协力精神，团 结一心推动展销会，让展销会一再扩大，拥有骄人成 绩，随后交由总会承办展会，取得更丰硕的成果。

“在大马能取得橡胶木原料，而业者也大胆突破，掌 握木材烘干新技术，在具备这数项优势下，我们需要 通过汇集代理人、介绍人、外国买家等的展销会这个 重要的平台，把麻坡优良品质的家具能在有量且能长 期供货的情况下，外销至全世界。这才能确保行业稳 健成长。“

随着国内市场的日趋增长，外加上一次次成功的家具 外销展览会，让外国家具商渐渐留意到麻坡的家具， 使得麻坡家具搭上出口这趟列车。同时惠及家具相关 行业如五金、瓦片、玻璃、纸箱、镜子及油漆等，麻 坡各行各业受惠动起来，共同组成强大的产业链。

马来西亚家具业涉足全球160多个国家，甚至在20022004年登上亚洲第二大家具出口国，麻坡家具业为国 家生产总值贡献不少。 90年代之后，世界的总贸易

量以平均两倍于世界经济增长的速度增加，市场全球 化的成都不段地在增高。这也提供了麻坡家具业往蓬 勃发展一个好的机会点。进入21世纪之后马来西亚家 具业产值达85亿零吉，其中40%来自麻坡这个小镇。 更于2017年马来西亚家具业产值突破100亿零吉，自 此马来西亚的家具在全世界占有重要的一席之地。

受访者 黄世文 撰写 刘美娇

CONQUERED FROM KAMPUNG CHAMPION TO WORLD CLASS PLAYER

After the establishment of the Muar Furniture Association (MFA), the second president, Eng Swee Boon, and the board members embarked on extensive explorations to different locations and even different industries to learn from their peers.

The initial destination for exploration was Singapore. Although Singapore did not prioritise the development of the furniture industry, its geographical advantage as a bustling financial and trading centre made it a hub of commercial information. After the exploration, the board members decided to organise furniture exhibitions in Muar, which successfully took place in 1987 and 1989, providing a platform for domestic buyers.

Apart from gathering industry manufacturers and offering convenient purchasing platforms for domestic buyers, the exhibitions also attracted orders for furniture manufacturers. As a result, MFA organised the Muar Furniture Exhibition in 1990 and expanded to host the Johor Furniture Exhibition in 1992. With the success of these exhibitions, furniture orders increased. In 1994, the Muar Furniture Export

Exhibition was held, officially kicking off Muar furniture into the global market.

Foreign furniture traders began to take notice of Muar furniture over time due to the expanding local market and consistent success of furniture export exhibitions. A robust industrial chain was created as a result of this development, which also benefited associated sectors like paint, hardware, tiles, glass, cardboard boxes, and glass.

The Malaysian furniture industry has ventured into over 160 countries worldwide and even ranked as the second-largest furniture exporter in Asia from 2002 to 2004. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Muar has benefited greatly from the furniture sector. In the 21st century, the Malaysian furniture industry’s production value reached 8.5 billion ringgits, with 40% of it originating from the small town of Muar. Furthermore, in 2017, the furniture industry’s production value in Malaysia exceeded 10 billion ringgits, solidifying Malaysia’s significant position in the global furniture market.

Edit Translate Er Hwee Ting

THE BEGINNINGS OF INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION

MUAR FURNITURE INDUSTRY AND FURNITURE EXHIBITIONS

拥有宽阔的国际观，是开创

海外出口生意的必须条件

览 会

风雨四十载 领航创新章

国际间崭露头角的开始：

麻坡家具业与家具展览会

成功打出“家具城”的品牌

家具展会，对于从事家具行业及家具的相关行业来 说，是一个重要的平台。早期的家具展会是为了吸引 国内外买家前来采购，而随着次次的进步，愈来愈大 的规模，家具展会成了家具同业们每一年的“聚会”， 汇聚了家具制造商、家具国内外买家、材料供应商、 机械供应商等等。本地的家具制造商藉由参展，向世 界展示自家的产品，而国内外的家具买家能在一个展 会中有着更多的采购选择。

麻坡家具能够成功打出“家具城”的品牌，绝不是偶 然，而是家具同业数十年来付出的血汗努力。麻坡家 具同业商会从“被动”向“主动”跃进，通过举办家具展 览，实现麻坡家具进军国际市场的目标。从以国内买 家为主的国内家具展，到国际出口家具展会，家具展 并非一日造成的，这间中历经了许许多多的风雨，都

是家具同业商会的同仁们守着坚定不移的立场，最终 坚持到今时今日，才拥有一个人声鼎沸的完整展览 会。

受访者 陈文海 撰写 蔡耀铭

THE BEGINNINGS OF INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION

MUAR FURNITURE INDUSTRY AND FURNITURE EXHIBITIONS

Furniture exhibitions are fundamental platforms for affiliates in the furniture industry and related fields. In their early stages, these exhibitions were primarily aimed at attracting domestic and international buyers for furniture purchases. However, with each subsequent event, the scale of furniture exhibitions grew significantly, transforming them into annual gatherings for furniture industry affiliates. These exhibitions bring together furniture manufacturers, both local and international buyers, materials suppliers, machinery vendors, and other stakeholders.

The success of Muar in labeling itself as a “Furniture City” is the result of decades of hard work and dedication by the furniture industry. The Muar Furniture Association (MFA) played a pivotal role in propelling Muar’s furniture industry into the international market through organising furniture exhibitions. The journey from domesticfocused furniture expositions to international export-oriented exhibitions was not achieved overnight. It involved weathering numerous challenges and obstacles, and it is the unwavering commitment and perseverance of the industry professionals that have led to the grandeur of the present-day furniture exhibitions in Muar.

Edit Chua Yeow Meng Translate Er Hwee Ting

汇集家具同业的平台，

是家具业通向国际的舞台

THE JOURNEY OF MUAR FURNITURE INDUSTRY AND ORGANIZING EXHIBITIONS

LEAD THE LOCAL INDUSTRY TOWARDS THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET

办展会的心路

国际市场

麻坡家具同业展会 与办展会的心路历程

1987年开创先河的首次展览会获得成功之后，在90年

代期间，麻坡家具同业商会次次主办的展览会，一开 始以国内买家为主，到后来的家具外销展，从麻坡区 域出发至走向国际，商会一步步的努力，成功引领本 地同业接轨国际市场，扩大生意版图，也把国际贸易 买家招揽进来，赢得赞许和口啤，更引起各方关注。

1999年，基于一些原因，麻坡家具同业商会与隆雪同 行业者选择与MIECC马来西亚国际会展中心（Mines

International Exhibition & Convention Centre）合作， 共同承办MAFEX马来西亚家具出口展（Malaysian

Furniture Exports Exhibition）。而这一举动其实引

来MFIC马来西亚家具工业总会（Malaysian Furniture Industry Council）及相关政府单位的不满，而一众

家具业者们认为MFIC马来西亚家具工业总会不能 完全代表这个行业，于是13州属的家具公会联合成 立了MFEA马来西亚家具同业联合总会（Malaysian

Furniture Entrepreneur Association）。

随后数年，MAFEX马来西亚家具出口展成功吸引了 世界各地的买家来到马来西亚，成为了马来西亚家

西亚国际会展中心于MAFEX展览的持有权上出现分 歧，MIECC马来西亚国际会展中心认为MAFEX展览 是独立拥有的，而商会的立场为共同拥有的。基于 担忧未来合作可能会出现更多的分歧，商会决定退 出MAFEX展。并于2005年，找到了位于梳邦的新场 地APAC机场（Asia Pacific Auction Centre），主办 了EFE马来西亚国际出口家具展（Export Furniture Exhibition）。但2005年EFE出口家具展举办前夕，却 遭到MIECC马来西亚国际会展中心向法庭申请禁令， 要求EFE出口家具展不能如期举行。所幸的是在最终 判决是商会胜诉，法庭不批准禁令，EFE出口家具展 得以如期举办。

随后数年，EFE出口家具展不断地尝试场地，从2005 年至2006年在APAC飞机场、2007年至2008年于 BUKIT JALIL足球场，终于在2009年到稳定的沙登 农业博览馆MAEPS（Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang），EFE出口家具展每年力求更好的场地，尽 力将展会做到最好，让参展商有个舒服的环境展示自 家商品，让从世界各地而来的买家有个良好的参展体 验。

接下来每一年的EFE出口家具展规模越来越大，一步

步将马来西亚家具的旗帜在国际间响彻云霄。2012

年，当时马来西亚家具总会的当权派一意孤行，将 没有办展经验的会员加入展览筹划小组，一同管理 EFE出口家具展。基于这样的管理方式会对一路以

来支持EFE出口家具展的参展商带来高风险，无法 保障参展商的利益，商会在尝试沟通无果、无法达 成共识之后，毅然离开创办的EFE出口家具展。而

同年，博闻公司UBM伸出橄榄枝，给出优惠的条

件，让商会重拾信心，共同推动全马最大的国际家

具展MIFF（Malaysia International Furniture Fair） ，确保会员有更好的销售平台，推动国际业务。

自此，MFA麻坡家具同业商会随着博闻公司UBM

在马来西亚MATRAD会展中心MECC （MATRADE

Exhibition and Convention Centre） 开启了国际家具 展MIFF之旅。2019年，马来西亚国际贸易展览中心 MITEC（Malaysia International Trade and Exhibition Centre）落成之后，国际家具展MIFF获得了首批进入 展馆的特权。

商会加入国际家具展MIFF初期，曾被大众误会与总 会闹双胞，甚至是展会欺诈的肇事者。尔后历经风波 之后，沙登农业博览馆MAEPS终做出澄清，展馆的 合同尚在有效期内，并且是由MFA麻坡家具同业商会 所签。最终双方和解。尔后商会参加的展览会日趋稳 定，每一年都会与博闻公司UBM共同推动国际家具展 MIFF。

受访者 陈文海 撰写 蔡耀铭

Edit Chua Yeow Meng Translate Er Hwee Ting

MARKET

THE JOURNEY OF MUAR FURNITURE INDUSTRY AND ORGANIZING EXHIBITIONS

LEAD THE LOCAL INDUSTRY TOWARDS THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET

After the successful inaugural exhibition in 1987, the Muar Furniture Association (MFA) took the lead in organizing subsequent exhibitions during the 1990s. Initially focused on domestic buyers, these exhibitions later expanded to cater to international furniture exports, marking MFA’s efforts to lead the local industry towards the international market and attract international buyers, earning praise and attention.

In 1999, for certain reasons, MFA collaborated with Mines International Exhibition & Convention Centre (MIECC) to co-organize the Malaysian Furniture Exports Exhibition (MAFEX). This decision led to disapproval from the Malaysian Furniture Industry Council (MFIC) and relevant government agencies, as they believed MFIC should represent the industry exclusively. As a result, 13 state furniture associations came together to

form the Malaysian Furniture Entrepreneur Association (MFEA).

Over the next few years, MAFEX successfully attracted buyers from around the world, establishing itself as a gathering point for the Malaysian furniture industry. However, disagreements emerged between MFA and MIECC over the ownership of the MAFEX exhibition in 2004, with MIECC asserting that it was independently owned, while MFA claimed it was a joint ownership. Concerned about potential future disputes, MFA decided to pull itself from MAFEX and found a new venue at the Asia Pacific Auction Centre (APAC) in Subang, where they hosted the Export Furniture Exhibition (EFE) in 2005. However, just before the EFE event in 2005, MIECC applied for a court injunction to halt the exhibition. Fortunately, the court ruled in favor of MFA, and EFE proceeded as planned.

MIFF

In the following years, EFE continually explored various venues, settling at the Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang (MAEPS) in 2009. The exhibition organizers strived to make each EFE better, providing a comfortable environment for exhibitors to showcase their products and creating a positive experience for buyers from around the world.

Subsequently, EFE’s scale grew each year, stepping closer to becoming an international event. In 2012, issues arose when inexperienced members wer inserted to the exhibition organizing committee by the Malaysian Furniture Council, posing risks to the interests of long-time EFE exhibitors. After failed attempts at inserted reconciliation and failed communication, MFA decided to withdraw from EFE and partnered with UBM to jointly organize the Malaysia International Furniture Fair (MIFF) at the Malaysia Trade and Exhibition Centre (MECC). MIFF gained access to the Malaysia International Trade and Exhibition Centre (MITEC) upon its completion in 2019.

Initially, MFA faced misunderstandings and accusations after joining MIFF, with some mistakenly associating them with the Malaysian Furniture Council and even accusing them of fraudulent activities in the exhibition. After weathering various challenges, MAEPS clarified that the exhibition’s contract was still valid and signed by MFA. Eventually, both parties reached a resolution. Since then, MFA’s participation in exhibitions became more stable, and they continue to work with UBM to promote the Malaysia International Furniture Fair (MIFF) every year.

每一场展会都是每代人的心血，

每一届展会都是前人拼劲保留下来的精神

PERSEVERING THROUGH CHALLENGES, SAFEGUARDING OUR FURNITURE EXHIBITIONS

守护家具展会

风雨中的坚持

守护我们的家具展会

从不低头，一切盛况都是得来不易的成果累积

PERSEVERING THROUGH CHALLENGES, SAFEGUARDING OUR FURNITURE EXHIBITIONS

A PLATFORM THAT BRINGS TOGETHER FURNITURE INDUSTRY PROFESSIONALS

LENGES 汇

“Exhibitions are not built in a day; it is the dedication of our predecessors, standing together in unity, that has safeguarded the significance of our furniture exhibitions.”

“展会不是一天造成的，是前辈们捍卫商会的名誉， 共同坚持枪口对外，才守住这意义重大的家具展 会。”马来西亚家具总会会长陈文海提及展会风波的 各种经历，感慨商会在面对过去的不公平对待，总有

意见不一致的时候，但幸运的是最终大家都达成共 识，共同咬紧牙关度过每一个槛。在过去曾发生过商

会筹办的展会被展馆控诉，也碰上个人主义罔顾大局 的筹办方打压，亦曾在被控诉时产生过投降的念头， 倘若当初选择妥协让步，或许就没有今天如此蓬勃的 展会。

回顾过往四十年，从在麻坡的第一场小小的展销会， 到此时此日能在一个设备齐全，国际性的舞台主办展

览会，是前人无条件的支持，不求回报的使命感，凝 聚你我，共同捍卫商会的尊严及权益。一个好的展 会，会是汇集各家具同业的平台，是家具业通向国际 的舞台，其带来的影响力不仅限于家具的生产及买卖 而已，更是创意激荡，互相竞争互相进步的贸易网 路。

“其实我们不求一定要做得比往年好，我们只希望大 家要珍惜这得来不易的展会，别轻易地就让它淡去” 不仅是维护参展商的权益，更像是传承前辈们的精 神。一年一次的家具展会，除了是与世界接轨的盛 会，更是精神火把的传递。

Desmond Tan Boon Hai, the advisor of the Muar Furniture Association, recalls the various experiences and challenges faced during the exhibitions. He reflects on how the association has encountered unfair treatment in the past and dealt with disagreements among its members. However, through fortunate consensus-building, everyone managed to overcome each obstacle with determination. There were instances where the association’s exhibitions were accused by exhibition halls, and organizers with personal agenda tried to suppress them. During those times, thoughts of surrender might have crossed their minds. But if they had chosen compromise, the vibrant exhibitions of today might not exist.

Looking back over the past forty years, from the modest beginnings of small exhibitions in Muar to hosting large-scale international

events today, it was the unconditional support, sense of mission, and dedication of the pioneer generations that brought everyone together to uphold the dignity and rights of the association. A successful exhibition serves as a platform that brings together furniture industry professionals, offering an international stage for the furniture sector. Its impact extends beyond the mere production and trade of furniture; it is a trade network where creativity thrives, competition drives progress, and the industry grows together.

“We don’t necessarily seek to outperform previous years; we only hope that everyone cherishes this hard-earned exhibition and doesn’t let it fade away easily.” The focus is not just on protecting the rights of exhibitors but also on continuing the spirit of their predecessors. The annual furniture exhibition is a grand event that connects us with the world.

Edit Chua Yeow Meng Translate Er Hwee Ting

BUSINESS MODEL STUDY

ESTABLISHMENT AND LISTED IN STOCK MARKET

利兴工业有限公司是由联合5家子公司的力量，分别 负责上、中、下游的业务，整合各资源，以集团式的 方式做到“一条龙“作业。创办人蔡利成因生意上与三 家不同的家具业者有密切的配合下结识，他们共同看 好供应源的商机，达成共识一起投资供应链，有了稳 定的原料供应。随后，他们一起组织上市，亦是集团 化的先驱之一。

透过上市，创办人若是想要开发新产品、拓展海外市 场甚是是收购，不需要自己出款投资，可通过IPO的 方式向公众集资。因为上市公司的账目是公开且透明 化的。不仅如此，公司上市后，无论是业绩财报，收 购与融资计划等都需要一致对外汇报，财务舞弊的几 率降低，借此民众对该公司也提高信誉度和曝光知名 度。因制度的透明化，文书上需要更为细致，任何重 大决策需要召集各大董事一起协商。

Lii Hen Furniture Sdn Bhd is the result of a collaborative effort among five subsidiary companies, pooling together their resources to operate in a conglomerate manner, offering an integrated and comprehensive range of services. The founder, Chua Lee Seng, developed close partnerships with three different furniture industry owners in his business ventures. Recognizing the potential in the supply chain, they reached a consensus to invest together. Subsequently, they organised the company for an initial public offering (IPO), becoming one of the pioneers in the field of conglomerate business models.

Through the IPO, the founder gained access to funds without personal investment for developing new products, expanding into overseas markets, or even acquiring other businesses. This is made possible by raising capital from the public through the IPO, as the financial accounts of the company become public and transparent. Additionally, as a listed firm, all information, including financial arrangements, acquisition plans, and performance reports, must be routinely reported to the public. Financial fraud is less likely as a result of this transparency, which also improves the company’s reputation and public awareness. Due to the institutional transparency, meticulous documentation and consultation with the board of directors are required for any significant decisionmaking process.

受访者 蔡利成 撰写 高宇心 Edit Ko Ee Sin Translate Er Hwee Ting

受访者

家具业商业模式案例：

走出马来西亚，海外设厂

堡发资源

BUSINESS MODEL STUDY

ESTABLISHMENT AND LISTED IN STOCK MARKET

堡发资源，除了在马来西亚有着上市公司，更是在海 外设厂。早年的堡发于柔叻工业区开始，而创办人郑 锦发于二十几年前眼光独到，将麻坡起家的家具带到 了国外设立工厂。

“这一切都是因为受到了外国的影响，他们能够为了 事业放弃家乡的生活，而远赴他乡。” 堡发资源创办 人郑锦发在家具业闯荡三十余载，其中大部分的光阴 都在外国，效仿着每个不同国家的人不同的风格，与 不同国家的人打交道。

随着公司规模愈来愈大，于2002年将业务扩展至越南 市场，在当地收购土地，成立子公司，建设新的制造 工厂，使得公司的生产线多了一条国外生产及国外市 场。

国外设厂是能带来稳定的生产力。一些国家的人力比 马来西亚便宜；当地的节日与国内的不同，能够弥补 国内休假时的生产空缺；能将国内的产品带到更大的 舞台。

Poh Huat Resources Holdings Bhd founder, Tay Kim Huat, not only has a listed company in Malaysia but has also established factories in Vietnam and Cambodia. Twenty years ago, he realised that the domestic market was becoming saturated, which prompted him to look at opportunities abroad. He established factories abroad after being inspired by Taiwan and Japan’s business models.

Tay Kim Huat sees several advantages in establishing factories overseas. Firstly, there is a stable labour force, eliminating concerns about labour shortages. Secondly, being closer to the source of raw materials reduces costs in the supply chain and transportation.

However, this approach also presents challenges. The aesthetic preferences in foreign markets may differ from those in domestic markets. Some materials with unique patterns, which might be perceived as flaws in our eyes, are considered artistic by foreign consumers. This presents a challenge when it comes to developing new products. Additionally, language barriers and cultural differences make communication difficult, leading to delays or even hindrances in production, ultimately resulting in additional expenses.

郑锦发 撰写 高宇心

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OUTSOURCING ERA

ROARING

在家具业飞速发展的年代，订单的数量大量增长，为 了要提高生产的效率、效能，以此来吸纳市场上更多 的订单，许多麻坡家具业工厂就把部分的生产工作外 包出去。在这样的市场需求下，代工厂如雨后春笋 般出现，峇里巴九 (Parit Bakar)、吧口益华村 (Bukit Bakri)、柔叻工业区 (Jorak) 代工厂四处可见。

起初的代工厂是为大型家具制造厂进行代工。家具制 造厂采购好原料之后，将原料及代工的需求交给代工 厂处理。而后来日子久了越做越熟练，一些代工厂 就延申成“专做家具的配件“，如桌脚、床架、橱框等 等。专做配件为整个家具产业带来另一个层次，家具 厂及代工厂共创双赢的局面。

对家具制造厂而言，不需要为了家具中的某个配件注 入机器及人力，将这个配件交给做得更长时间更专业 的代工厂处理，而自己就有更多的资本及精力放在市 场行销及销售上。而对于代工厂而言，不需要承担庞 大的营运压力，只需要将一部分的家具配件做好，精

益求精，甚至就能接到更多的大型家具制造厂的订 单。

在台湾有着“卫星工厂”的概念，即由拥有经验厂商带 动其也小生产线，一起合作代工生产家具配件。此合 作方式能确保家具产品集中生产，增加产量，提升 品质，以及提高技术。随着外销工厂的订单增多，“

卫星工厂” 如雨后春笋设立，制造数以万计的就业机 会，也促进了其他相关行业，如五金、瓦片、玻璃、 纸箱、镜子及油漆等，也应运而生，带动了麻坡的经 济与各项商业活动，促进地方发展。

代工厂带来的效能反响相当大，随即大量的订单涌 入，一家代工厂消化不完所有订单，就会出现第二 家、第三家代工厂。渐渐的，这样的模式形成一个强 大的产业链。不同的部分交由不同专业的工厂去生 产，各司其职的结果是产量及效能增大，除了避免了 家具行业内的恶性竞争，也为麻坡的家具行业增加了 竞争力。

OUTSOURCING ERA

ROARING OF THE OUTSOURCING FACTORY

The rapid development of the furniture industry, alongside with the increasing number of orders, many factories began outsourcing some of their production work to improve efficiency. This led to the emergence of numerous contract manufacturing factories in Parit Bakar, Bukit Bakri, and Jorak.

Initially, these contract manufacturing factories were engaged in manufacturing on behalf of large furniture manufacturers. Once they became familiar with the manufacturing processes, some of these contract manufacturers shifted their focus to producing furniture components such as table legs and bed frames.

For furniture manufacturers, outsourcing certain components to gain specialisation. Contract manufacturers meant they could allocate more capital and resources to marketing and sales, rather than investing in machinery and manpower for individual components. On the other hand, contract manufacturers could focus solely on producing furniture components without the burden of extensive operational pressures. This created tens of thousands of job opportunities and also stimulated the growth of related industries such as hardware, tiles, glass, cardboard boxes, mirrors, and paints, thereby driving the economy and various commercial activities in the Parit Bakar area and contributing to local development.

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MANPOWER ISSUE

IRREPLACEABLE HUMAN RESOURCE AND LABOUR SHORTAGE

人力课题： 无法取代的人力资源

许多工厂至今仍面对人力不足的困扰

MANPOWER ISSUE

IRREPLACEABLE HUMAN RESOURCE AND LABOUR SHORTAGE

随着代工厂林立，人力资源短缺这个问题就浮出水面 了。第十四届麻坡家具同业商会会长——巫英智透露 出当时因为一些政策的限制，所以许多工厂至今仍面 对人力不足的困扰。也许有些人提出质疑，为什么生 活在麻坡的年轻人没办法成为解决问题的关键呢？或 许是城市的多姿多彩，国外更多样化的工作机会，成 为了年轻人的其它选项，这不仅仅是家具业，而是整 个国家面临的问题，寄望国家领袖能够致力于发展国 家，提升国力，否则各行各业都会发生青黄不接的窘 境。面对会员们工厂缺少人力的求救，当时身为会长 的巫英智当即和团队一起想办法，积极地向政府请求 帮助和援助。

巫英智通过接待政府相关单位的负责人让他们前来视 察，过程中一一讲解家具生产的过程及外劳在家具制 造过程中存在的意义。“机械只能做到80%的部分，另

外的20%需要有人类灵魂的手工劳作，像是有手感的 造型：雕刻、手绘等。“ 面对政府发出的全机械化指 令，巫英智向政府分析在家具行业中是无法做到全机 械化的，即使在操作机器上也需要一定数量的人。另 外，进行全机械化也需要耗费巨额资金，而这并不是

每一家工厂有办法负担的，若是强制执行全机械化的 指令，那么家具业就会面临凋零，小中型工厂会因无 法负荷而支撑不下，这将让许多人面临失业危机。

在整个商会的齐心协力下，从无到有，终于把两万名 外劳引进麻坡，有如天降甘露。麻坡家具同业商会随 即按照配额将这两万名外劳派发给各登记的家具工 厂。“虽然那是一件值得骄傲的事，但后来经历了相 关单位的职位交接，整件事又重蹈覆辙，又需要与新 上任的管理层讲解、沟通。“

回忆起这段往事巫英智 感到欣慰中却交杂着一丝无奈，道起一个故事的完美 结束，却又会因为一场选举，或是相关单位的职位交 接而重蹈覆辙。而商会的每一届理事都需要与不同的 新上任管理层重新讲解麻坡家具行业的人力资源状 况。

每个强大的行业背后，都有无数个默默努力的人，所 付出的辛劳也不为人知。麻坡家具同业商会为家具业 不遗余力地付出，期待国家更完善的政策，更充足的 人力，以为国家赚取更多外汇，留住人才，进而成就 马来西亚更好的明天。

The increasing number of furniture factories has led to a shortage of manpower. Bo Eng Chee, the 14th President of the Muar Furniture Association (MFA), revealed that many factories still face manpower issues due to policy restrictions. In fact, more young people in Muar choose to work in larger cities or overseas, which is a nationwide issue. Only with national development can the challenge of industries lacking successors be resolved. In response to the plea for help from MFA members facing a shortage of manpower, Bo Eng Chee, as the President at the time, immediately brainstormed with his team and actively sought assistance from the government.

Bo Eng Chee received government officials from relevant departments and explained the significance of foreign labour in the furniture production process. He stated, “In furniture manufacturing, machines can only accomplish 80% of the final product, while the remaining 20% requires human manual labour to reflect the artistic sense of the furniture.” Due to the encouragement of the government’s policy for full mechanisation,

he expressed that the furniture industry was unable to achieve full mechanisation. Firstly, a certain number of workers are needed to operate the machines, and secondly, full mechanisation would require enormous capital investment. If enforced forcefully, it would lead to the closure of small and medium-sized factories and create a crisis of unemployment for many people.

Through everyone’s efforts, they successfully brought in 20,000 foreign workers to address the shortage of manpower. “However, with the subsequent handover of positions in relevant departments, the whole process repeated itself, and we had to explain and communicate with the newly appointed management again,” recalled Bo Eng Chee. The board members of MFA had to re-explain the manpower situation in the Muar furniture industry to the newly appointed department exco.

MFA is committed to doing everything in order to support the furniture sector and aspires to more comprehensive national policies to help Malaysia have a better future.

受访者 巫英智 撰写 余慧婷

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家具业的门槛低，简单的机器，一个空地、三五人力就能 符合代工厂的生产需求，但千万别以为这就是成功的捷 径。

在利润较低的家具业仍有许多犄角旮旯需要去顾及，这也 正是它虽入门简单但却难维持的原因。若是作为一家代工 厂的领导人，致力于保持代工产品的品质良好，这才能保 证自己能立足于市场上，更勿安于现状，而是要不断地提 升工厂所涉略的业务，遇到难关时才有筹码可以渡过难 关，生力于保持代工产品的品质良好，这才能保证自己能 立足于市场上，更勿安于现状，而是要不断地提升工厂所 涉略的业务，遇到难关时才有筹码可以渡过难关，生存下 去。此外，国家政策也尤为重要，家具业为国家创造了无 数的就业机会与可观的外汇，若是想要让家具业在未来再 创高峰，那么政府单位就需要传承资讯，否则重复性的解 释与争取，只是家具业发扬光大的绊脚石。

大家都希望家具业能够做到全自动化，但许多微小细节其实还是需要靠人力去运作。 机械能做到80%的家具的型体，但20%的灵魂还是需要靠人力手动去完成。

永久的展馆以及 稳定的家园

CITY OF FURNITURE

JOURNEY OF THOUSAND ACRE FURNITURE PARK

家具城

“提出这个计划的时候，全部人都认为这是天方夜谭 的计划，但是我们的团队最后还是做到了！”占地一 千亩的家具工业园在耗费了数年的时间，在第十六届 麻坡家具同业商会会长——梁志杰的带领下，这个计 划拍案定局，为上百家的家具业者与从业者谋了极大 的福利。

计划的初衷很简单，希望能够藉由一个集中的家具工 业园区，让身处在非法地代工厂有一个合法驻扎的地 方，也不会影响到周边的居民生活。麻坡家具同业商 会处于政府与会员之间，政府希望非法工厂能够早日 处理手续，转为合法工厂，会员却面对种种因素，而 迟迟无法办理手续。为了让会员们能够好好经营工

厂，秉持着“大家好，麻坡家具业才会好”的信念，梁 志杰和团队投入了大量的时间和精力，周旋在政府部 门与会员之间，志在争取计划的成功。这么吃力不讨 好的工作或许在许多人看来都是嗤之以鼻、避而远之 的，可对于商会来说，肩上背负的是整个麻坡家具行 业的责任，认真为整个行业的供应链流通去做思考是 必要的。

谈起这个家具工业园的计划，从梁志杰的回忆中得 知，原来计划的成功并不是与政府签合约，握手合影 即可。那是漫长且不间断的奔走，向政府各个单位与 部门的人员沟通再沟通，计划内容一改再改。计划内 容必须周全，必须同时顾及家具业者们的考量因素， 像是如果要将工厂搬离麻坡，到另外一个地区去发展 家具工业园，这不仅搬运困难、出口困难，这也不利 于国外买家前来勘查与购买。

在时间无涯中，在奔走中，在政局动荡中，万幸一千

亩的家具工业园终是定了案，期间麻坡家具同业商会 的大家相互鼓励，不断用事实和经验与政府对话，坚

持将整个计划一步一脚印地落实，这才免去了这个大

计划胎死腹中的结局。风里来雨里去，初衷仍在心

中，商会为了会员们，顶着当时每方呎RM28的市价

与发展商谈到每方呎RM18的最终售价，这低于市价

35%的售价在那个时候来说根本就是天方夜谭，但在

大家的不辞劳苦下，居然成了事实。他们甚至还设下

优先让非法工厂认购的规矩，尽全力去帮助非法工厂

转为合法地工厂，秉持着顾全大局的精神，将会员的 利益摆在最重要的位置。

一千亩的家具工业园，鼓舞了整个麻坡家具业以及周 边的产业。这集结大大小小的家具业工厂与代工厂的 园区会是海外买家必经的地方，完善的设施如消防 局、医院等，高端的设备如光纤宽频网络都是必备 的，并且麻坡家具同业商会也会在这园区里建设一个 全年的家具工业展览馆，让这个地方不仅带来经济效 益，更赋予它教育意义，为培育后代做准备。 家具业一直以来都是方兴未艾的行业，这个行业提供 了大量的就业机会，肩负起养一方人之责。同时，它 也有着推动经济及社会发展的能力。而若是位于巴口 的这项家具工业园计划最终落实，或许在将来能够 与麻坡、以及巴莪开拓一个金三角（麻坡、巴莪、巴 口）的经济特区。这并不会只有家具业者受惠，而是 如同石子丢入水中，不论是旅游业、饮食业还是酒店 业等，圈圈涟漪所到之处皆获其益，这便是家具业带 来的连锁反应。

鼓动了整个麻坡家具业以及周边的产业

受访者 梁志杰 撰写 余慧婷

arce

FURNITURE CITY OF MALAYSIA

JOURNEY OF THOUSAND ACRE FURNITURE PARK

The 1,000-acre Muar Furniture Park (MFP), which was ultimately constructed under the direction of Neo Chee Kiat, the 16th President of the Muar Furniture Association (MFA), was a project that took several years to actualize. The whole furniture sector has benefited greatly from this concept.

In order to avoid penalties or disturbing the surrounding residents, the original goal of the concept was for MFA to offer a legal location for subcontract manufacturing facilities that were now operating illegally. Neo Chee Kiat and his team dedicated a substantial amount of time and effort, striving for the success of the project because MFA needed to consider the supply chain and circulation of the entire industry.

According to Neo Chee Kiat’s recollection, the success of the plan required a lengthy process. They constantly communicated

with personnel from various government departments and bureaus, making enormous changes to the proposal. They explained to relevant agencies that complete mechanisation of factories is not economically viable and does not produce furniture with artistic appeal. When faced with requests to relocate the project to another area, Neo Chee Kiat analysed that a remote location would make transportation and exports difficult and discourage foreign buyers from visiting and making purchases.

Because of the persistence of Neo Chee Kiat and his team, the 1,000-acre Muar Furniture Park became a reality. This project earned Muar the reputation of being the Furniture City of Malaysia. Initially, the market price was RM28 per square foot, but through MFA’s efforts, the selling price was eventually set at RM18 per square foot, 35% lower than the market price. They prioritised offering

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柔佛州苏丹重视麻坡家具业发展，亲临工业区参观家具制造流程，聆听业者汇报行业现况。

DAULAT TUANKU

Sebagai tanda keperihatinan kepada pembangunan industri perabot yang lestari dan mapan di daerah Muar, DYMM Tuanku Sultan Johor amat menitikberatkan tahap perkembangan industri ini sehinggakan baginda sanggup mencemar duli untuk turun melihat sendiri proses pembuatannya serta mendengar sendiri segala laporan perkembanganya daripada pihak industri sendiri.

MUAR FURNITURE PARK

subscriptions to illegal factories, hoping to transform them into legal establishments, clearly demonstrating that MFA places the interests of its members in a paramount position.

The development of Muar Furniture Park requires the enhancement of facilities and the installation of high-speed fibre optic broadband networks. Additionally, MFA plans to construct a year-round furniture industry exhibition hall within the park, making it not only economically beneficial but also imbued with educational significance to prepare for nurturing future generations.

The furniture industry provides numerous employment opportunities and drives economic and social development. With the thriving development of Muar Furniture Park, the Furniture Golden Triangle (Muar, Pagoh, Bukit Bakri) will experience significant economic growth in tourism, food and beverage, and hospitality sectors, among others.

疫情

时刻面临着艰巨的挑战

CHALLENGES UNDER PANDEMIC

HOW THE FURNITURE INDUSTRY SURVIVES

全球经历的一场浩劫

在经历了一系列的改朝换代后，黄友欢于2020年2月 15日接获第二十届麻坡家具同业商会会长一职。一同 上任的还有吴松煌秘书长及黄宗佑署理会长等理事。 然而2020年却是全球经历的一场浩劫——新冠疫情， 而上任不到五周的第二十届麻坡家具同业商会理事， 就迎来了重大的挑战。

3月18日，疫情逐渐蔓延的马来西亚迎来迎来了第一 次行动管制令（MCO1.0）。MCO对于家具业来说最 大的创伤应该是人们的行动被严厉管制。在没有任何 劳工能够外出工作的情况下，几乎没有一个工厂能在 这期间维持营业。没有了劳动力，工厂的产量近乎于 零，从而影响各个阶层，导致供给链失衡，进而导致 物价飙升。

天降重创的当下，麻坡家具同业商会新届理事们并没 有坐以待毙，经过日夜的讨论与集思广益，他们拟了 信函给相关部门以要求让家具工厂恢复开工。信函中 包含了几项要点，其中包括麻坡家具业所创造的经济 价值、家具工厂恢复营业的益处以及对于疫情SOP的 建议等等。而在两个星期后终于迎来了好结果，麻坡 家具业能够在持有批准信的情况下恢复营业。

尽管如此，在疫情下继续营业的麻坡家具业依旧时刻 面临着艰巨的挑战。当时工厂在上一秒刚有一名员工 确诊新冠肺炎，下一秒整所工厂就被封锁了起来，就 连所有在场的工作者都被送到诊所及医院进行检测， 并且需佩戴隔离手环进行全面隔离。

不仅如此，据家具业业者所言，执法单位在这所有人 都艰苦的日子里却还变本加厉地严格，三不五时到各 工厂突击检查，常常往鸡蛋里挑骨头，工厂的一处缝 隙也没落下，只要有一丁点不足的地方就向厂主征收 数额不小的罚款。这对于受重创的业者们来说无疑是

雪上加霜。

MCO SOP

CHALLENGES UNDER PANDEMIC

HOW THE FURNITURE INDUSTRY SURVIVES

Steve Ong Yeoh Huan was elected as the position of President on February 15, 2020. Joining him were Goh Song Huang as Secretary-General and Eng Chong Yeu as Vice President, along with other council members. Shortly after, the outbreak of the Covid-19 coronavirus led Malaysia to implement the Movement Control Order (MCO) in March. The MCO resulted in a restriction on workers’ mobility, and factories were unable to operate during this period. With a shortage of labour, production plummeted significantly. Moreover, the MCO had an impact on other sectors, leading to a surge in prices. All of these factors posed significant challenges for the new council members.

The newly appointed council members of MFA drafted letters to the relevant departments, requesting the resumption of operations for furniture factories. The letters highlighted the economic value generated by the furniture industry in Muar and the benefits of reopening, as well as offering suggestions for Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) during the pandemic. Two weeks later, the furniture industry in Muar was finally allowed to resume operations with the approved letters.

Operating the furniture industry in Muar during the pandemic posed immense challenges. If any confirmed cases of

COVID-19 were identified within a factory, the entire facility would be locked down, and all workers had to undergo testing and wear quarantine wristbands for isolation quarantine.

Furthermore, enforcement agencies frequently conducted random spot check health inspections at factories, imposing fines on factory owners for minor infractions, making life even more difficult for industry members.

Prior to the MCO, the government had already halted the recruitment of foreign workers, and the restrictions imposed by the MCO further limited people’s mobility. As a result, there was a severe shortage of foreign labour. Finding replacements for the workforce within a short period proved to be extremely challenging for the furniture industry.

Muar accounts for 60% of Malaysia’s furniture export rate, making it a significant contributor to the country’s export industry. However, the number of foreign workers in the furniture industry in Muar was insufficient to support the workload required to sustain this export rate. The labour quota system, where each local employee is eligible to be accompanied by three foreign workers, limited the number of foreign workers that factories could apply for, which proved to be inadequate.

COVID-19

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CHALLENGES

UNDER PANDEMIC UNITY THROUGH THICK AND THIN

纵使身处困境，麻坡家具同业商会依旧在疫情肆虐的 日子里行社会责任，向有需要的人们伸出援手，为社 会提供许多力量。疫情严重扩散的期间，不论是到诊 所还是医院进行检测的费用无疑都是高昂的。为了降 低家具业员工的经济负担，麻坡家具同业商会主动与 BP LAB进行合作，让会员能够以更低的价格进行检 测。而后麻坡民众纷纷向麻坡家具同业商会提出申 请，麻坡家具同业商会也接纳前来的民众，开放这项 检测优惠予有需要的麻坡民众。

除此之外，麻坡家具同业商会于疫情期间将许多家 具、米、水源等重要的资源捐赠予境况困难的家庭，

减轻了潦倒家庭在疫情下的负担。麻坡家具同业商会

也捐赠了呼吸器、病床等基本器械给了些许诊所医院 以解决器械不足的问题。

撰写 廖矜顺

2021年5月始，随着新冠疫苗陆续抵达马来西亚，全 民免疫计划开始被推行。麻坡家具同业商会向有关政 府部门申请了工业型疫苗接种（PIKAS）。工业型疫 苗是开放给所有工厂的劳工们，目的是为了让绝大部 分的劳工都接种疫苗，更快达到全体免疫，以便能保 障工厂工作者的安全，以及尽快恢复工厂的运作。

麻坡家具同业商会扮演中间协调者的角色，与政府相

关单位对接，并协调各家具工厂接种疫苗的排序及东

线。麻坡的工业型疫苗接种中心位于麻坡新奇珍宴会

厅，麻坡家具同业商会事前联络前往接种的工厂，要 求所有的员工必须佩戴好口罩和手套，并按照宴会厅

内的指示陆续下车接受疫苗接种。出色的协调能力及 顺畅的秩序管理，让疫苗接种计划全程都畅行无碍地 进行。

提 供 力 量

受访者 黄友欢 | 吴松煌 | 黄宗佑

CHALLENGES UNDER PANDEMIC UNITY THROUGH THICK AND THIN

During the pandemic, MFA did not forget to provide assistance to vulnerable groups in society. In order to reduce the cost of COVID-19 testing for furniture industry workers, MFA partnered with BP LAB to alleviate the burden on individuals. Additionally, other stakeholders of Muar sought help from MFA, and the organisation provided reasonable assistance to them as a gesture of corporate social responsibility back to the community.

Additionally, MFA donated resources such as furniture, rice, and water to families in need. They also donated medical equipment such as ventilators and hospital beds to clinics and hospitals. During the pandemic, Muar also experienced a major flood. MFA continued to contribute to society by donating beds, blankets, food, and other necessities to the flood victims.

In June, MFA applied for the PIKAS program from the relevant authorities to ensure that all workers in furniture factories could receive the COVID-19 vaccine. This was done to achieve herd immunity quickly and ensure everyone’s safety. MFA coordinated the vaccination schedule and prioritisation for workers in different factories in advance. They also required all workers to wear masks and gloves, and the factories were thoroughly disinfected before the vaccination process. MFA’s presence facilitated a smooth vaccination campaign.

The furniture industry in Muar is the main economic source for the region and brings prosperity and vitality to the area. Muar has blossomed into a beautiful land, nurtured by the splendour of the furniture industry and the efforts of industry members.

Edit Liow Jin Soon Translate Er Hwee Ting

THE PROSPECT

A NEW ERA FOR YOUNG GENERATION

新青年新时代 展望

麻坡家具行业展望： 新青年新时代

家具步入机械化，世界步入全球化

回溯到以往传统的那个年代。在工业革命传入马来西

亚以前，当一切行业都还没开始步入机械化的那个年 代，尤其家具这一类型的行业需要庞大的劳力。对于 家具业者而言，正值青春年华、热爱自由的年轻人 们没有几个愿意投入家具业的这个现象似乎是合情合 理。

随着时代的不断演进，家具的制造过程也步入机械化 时代，家具的制造不再像是四十年前的木匠时代，如

今 家具的制造过程不会过于耗费体力，取代而之的是种 种机器的操控及文职销售工作。这一点或许要让年轻 人回流到麻坡从事家具，其实并不是一件难事。

从事家具业的年轻人其实不太需要耗费多少体力家具 业者们认为，比起冲破头到外地奔波竞争，留在麻坡

从事家具业并努力一步步往上攀爬或许更能满足年轻 人的利益需求，同时更多年轻人的回流也能够解决麻 坡家具业一直以来面临的劳工短缺问题，最终达到一 个双赢的局面。

麻坡家具业由始至终都是麻坡的主要经济来源。麻坡 的蓬勃发展与繁华势必与麻坡家具业的付出脱不了挂 钩。回观麻坡家具业的发展历史，迥异的仅仅只是在 现今数据化时代下的经营与生产方式。如今把这一路 铺垫而来的历史拉成一条条平行的时间线而观，可见 麻坡家具业的辉煌、展望、热忱，以及业者们洒下的 汗水所滋润出的这一片片蓬勃的土地，则一直都是炙 热且永恒不变的。

机 械 化

受访者 黄友欢 | 吴松煌 | 黄宗佑 撰写 廖矜顺

NEW

THE PROSPECT

A NEW ERA FOR YOUNG GENERATION

Looking back to the era before industries began to undergo mechanization, young people were hesitant to enter the furniture industry since it was so labour-intensive.

However, furniture industry conductors claim that it is not difficult to attract young people back to the industry in this era because machines can now almost entirely replace human effort. Today’s employees don’t necessarily need to exert a lot of physical effort because administrative work and

operating machinery are the main focus of the job.

They believe that, rather than remaining in the cutthroat big city, staying in Muar, working in the furniture industry, and pursuing growth may better suit the needs of young people. More young people relocating back can also help to solve the long-standing labor shortage that the Muar furniture industry has been experiencing, creating a situation where everyone comes out ahead in the end.

Edit Liow Jin Soon Translate Er Hwee Ting

Muar Furniture Association

38,Level1,WismaMFA, TamanTunDrIsmail1,JalanBakri, 84000Muar,JohorDarulTakzim,Malaysia.

Tel:+606-9524545/9513112

Fax:+606-9512033

Email：info@muarfurniture.org

Website:www.muarfurniture.org