CERTIFICATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPATIBILITY AND PUBLIC NEED FOR THE
Case No. 24-0801-EL -BGN
In reply refer to: 2024-LOG-60646
April 5, 2024
Anne Lee
Principal Investigator
Stantec Consulting Services, Inc.
1500 Lake Shore Drive, Suite 100
Columbus, Ohio 43204
Email: anne.lee2@stantec.com
RE: Phase I Cultural Work Plan: Grange Solar Project, Stokes, Bloomfield, Washington, Richland, and McArthur Townships, Logan County, Ohio
Dear Ms. Lee:
This letter is in response to the correspondence received on March 8, 2024, regarding the proposed work plan related to the Grange Solar project in Logan County, Ohio. The project will require a Certificate of Environmental Compatibility and Public Need from the Ohio Power Siting Board (OPSB). We appreciate the opportunity to comment on this project. The comments of the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) are made pursuant to Section 149.53 of the Ohio Revised Code requesting cooperation among state agencies in the preservation of historic properties, Ohio Administrative Code Chapters 4906-4 The comments of the Ohio SHPO are also submitted in accordance with the provisions of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended (54 U.S.C. 306108 [36 CFR 800]).
Stantec has requested concurrence with and/or comments from the SHPO for the following work plans:
• Phase I Archaeological Survey Research Design/Methodology
• Historic Resources Survey Research Design/Methodology
The proposed project will involve the development of a solar energy facility and its associated infrastructure (e.g., solar arrays, access roads, electrical collection lines, etc.) within a series of land parcels totaling 5,115-acres. This is considered the direct Area of Potential Effect (APE) for the project. Stantec has determined, based on the literature review presented in the submitted work plan, that approximately 1,509-acres of the direct APE has been previously surveyed for cultural resources. Furthermore, 359 previously documented Ohio Archaeological Inventory (OAI) sites, 24 cemeteries, three National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), and 159 Ohio Historic Inventory (OHI) structures/buildings are located within a 2.0-mile radius of the APE. Of these, seven previous surveys, 54 OAIs, and nine OHIs are within the current direct APE. Six of the 54 OAIs were recommended for additional work
Stantec proposes to survey the entire direct APE, minus the 1,509-acres already surveyed, using a standard Phase I survey methodology as outlined in the Archaeology Guidelines (2022). The majority consists of agricultural fields where surface visibility is expected to be greater than 50 percent and therefore will entail a surface collection strategy Some portions of the direct APE contain remnant woodlots. Though these may not be developed as part of the proposed project, the SHPO request that they
April 5, 2024
Page 2
be visually inspected for above-ground cultural resources (i.e., foundations, undocumented cemeteries, etc.) and documented as such. It is suggested in areas where surface visibility is less than 50% then shovel test units will be excavated. The work plan indicates that shovel test units will be 50 centimeters in diameter. As a reminder, according to the Archaeology Guidelines (2022), shovel test units are to be excavated as 50 cm by 50 cm (i.e., square, not round) units with straight sides to properly exhibit the soil stratigraphy. Six previously documented sites, 33LO247, 33LO285, 33LO455, 33LO469, and 33LO471, which were originally recommended for further work, will also be reinvestigated The results of the archaeological field work will be presented in a report format meeting the minimum standards for Phase I reporting as outlined in the 2022 guidelines. Additionally, OAI forms will be updated for the previously recorded sites and completed for all newly documented archaeological sites within the direct APE.
Stantec proposes to complete a literature review, including previously identified resources within a 5-mile radius of the project area; complete a viewshed analysis of an area extending 2-miles beyond the outer edge of the project area; conduct a reconnaissance level survey of all built resources over 45 years of age within the Project Area and of all built resources over 45 years of age with a view of the project as determined by the viewshed analysis; assess NRHP eligibility for all surveyed resources; and produce a survey report, including OHIs for newly surveyed resources that are recommended eligible for the NRHP.
The SHPO concurs that both the Archaeological Survey and History/Architecture Reconnaissance Survey proposals are a suitable method to evaluate the effects of the Grange Solar Project and inform appropriate mitigation measures if necessary. We look forward to continuing consultation regarding the project. If you have any questions concerning this review, please contact me at sbiehl@ohiohistory.org or Ms. Joy Williams at jwilliams@ohiohistory.org Thank you for your cooperation.
Sincerely,
Stephen M. Biehl, Project Reviews Coordinator (archaeology) Resource Protection and Review
State Historic Preservation Office
RPR Serial No. 1102169
March 8, 2024
Stephen Biehl
Stantec Consulting Services Inc.
3901 Industrial Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46254
Resource Protection and Review
Ohio State Historic Preservation Office
800 E. 17th Avenue Columbus, OH 43211-2497
Reference: Work Plan for Phase I Cultural Resources Identifications Surveys for the Grange Solar Project, Logan County, Ohio
Dear Mr. Biehl,
On behalf of Grange Solar, LLC (Grange Solar), Stantec Consulting Services Inc. (Stantec) is providing the attached Work Plan for Phase I Cultural Resources Identification Surveys for the Grange Solar Project (Project), a proposed utility-scale solar project located on a maximum of 5,115 acres in Logan County, Ohio. The Phase I Cultural Resources Identification Surveys are being completed as part of the Ohio Power Siting Board’s Certificate of Environmental Compatibility and Public Need application process as detailed in Ohio Administrative Code (OAC) 4906-4
We are asking that your office review and comment on the acceptability of the proposed approach. If you have any questions or require additional information, please contact me at 614-579-5318 or by email at Anne.Lee2@stantec.com
STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
Project Number: 239000643
Community
A thoughtfully created environment that enhances the physical, social, and spiritual well-being of the inhabitants.
Collaboration
Relationships based on trust, contribution, and a shared commitment to building sustainable communities.
Creativity
A people-centered working environment generating thoughtful design to shape the urban landscape.
PHASE I CULTURAL WORK PLAN
Grange Solar Project, Stokes, Bloomfield, Washington, Richland, and McArthur Townships, Logan County, Ohio
239000643
March 2024
Prepared for:
Grange Solar LLC 130 East Lake Street PO Box 37 Lakeview, Ohio 43331
Prepared by: John S Flood and Jennifer N. Ryall
Stantec, Inc. 3901 Industrial Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46254
PHASE
BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
This document entitled Phase I Cultural Resources Work Plan for the Grange Solar Project in Stokes, Bloomfield, Washington, Richland, and McArthur Townships, Logan County, Ohio was prepared by Stantec Consulting Services Inc. (“Stantec”) for the account of Grange Solar LLC (the “Client”). Any reliance on this document by any third party is strictly prohibited. The material in it reflects Stantec’s professional judgment in light of the scope, schedule and other limitations stated in the document and in the contract between Stantec and the Client. The opinions in the document are based on conditions and information existing at the time the document was published and do not take into account any subsequent changes. In preparing the document, Stantec did not verify information supplied to it by others. Any use which a third party makes of this document is the responsibility of such third party. Such third party agrees that Stantec shall not be responsible for costs or damages of any kind, if any, suffered by it or any other third party as a result of decisions made or actions taken based on this document.
Prepared by (signature)
John S. Flood
Prepared by (signature)
Jennifer N. Ryall
Reviewed by (signature)
Anne Lee
Approved by (signature)
Ryan J. Peterson
LIST
Table
Table
LIST
Management Summary
Grange Solar LLC, (Grange Solar) engaged Stantec Consulting Services, Inc. (Stantec) to complete cultural resources studies in association with the Grange Solar Project (Project). The proposed Project is a utility-scale solar energy project which will be situated on a maximum of 5,115 acres (2,070 ha) of largely agricultural land in Logan County, Ohio. At the present time there is no federal nexus for this Project, however, requirements for Electric Generating Facilities and Electric Transmission Facilities as detailed in Ohio Administrative Code (OAC) 4906-4, and as administered by the Ohio Power Siting Board (OPSB) must be met.
This work plan has been developed to facilitate review and comment by the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (OH-SHPO) in advance of the cultural resources investigations The work plan provides an overview of the proposed project, key environmental and cultural characteristics of the Project area, a review of known cultural resources and investigations in the Project area and within a 2.0mile (3.2-km) study area of the Project, and a review of historical maps and imagery. The data presented serves as a basis for the proposed methodologies for cultural resources identification and significance assessment
1 Introduction
1.1
Project Description
Grange Solar LLC (Grange Solar) engaged Stantec Consulting Services, Inc (Stantec) to assist with cultural resources investigation in association with the Grange Solar Project (Project) in Logan County, Ohio. The Project is located on the Russells Point and Huntsville, Ohio United States Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute quadrangle maps in Logan County, Ohio (Figure 1). Based on information provided by Grange Solar, the Project Area will encompass a maximum of 5,115 acres (2,070 ha) and will consist of a utility-scale solar energy project. The Project Area encompasses the area where solar arrays and associated infrastructure such as access roads, electrical collection lines, and a switchyard, will be located
At the present time, the Project has no known federal nexus, but it must meet requirements for Certificate Applications for Electric Generating Facilities and Electric Transmission Facilities as detailed in Ohio Administrative Code (OAC) 4906-4, as administered by the Ohio Power Siting Board (OPSB). In addition to completing the required literature review, a good faith effort will be made to identify previously unrecorded cultural resources, including both above-ground and archaeological resources, that may be eligible for listing in the NRHP.
To comply with OPSB regulations and with guidance provided by the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (OH-SHPO), the cultural resources literature review focused on a 2-mile (3.2-km) radius (study area) around the proposed Project Area. Research identified multiple previous surveys, archaeological sites, cemeteries, Ohio Historic Inventory (OHI) properties, and National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) listed properties within the study area, with numerous cultural resources located within the Project Area.
For the purposes of survey, we have chosen to adopt the concept and language encapsulated in federal regulations when we use the phrase area of potential effects (APE) to define the survey areas for archaeology and above-ground resources. We have chosen to adopt the concept of the APE because it is commonly used and easily understood among professionals. Taking this approach also allows our work to be completed to a standard that would satisfy federal regulations should they be triggered at a later stage of Project development. For archaeological resources the APE is the area where ground disturbing activities may occur, which we have defined as the entire Project Area to allow for changes in the project footprint as the design process evolves over time. For above ground resources the APE encompasses the area where impacts may occur, which includes the maximum 5,115-acre (2,070-ha) Project Area as well as portions of the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area that may have views of the Project. All types of possible effects to above-ground resources were considered when defining the above-ground APE
1.2 Key Personnel
Key personnel committed to the Project include Project Manager Ryan J. Peterson, Principal Investigator Anne B. Lee and report co-authors John S. Flood and Jennifer N. Ryall. Dr. Matthew Pike created the report graphics.
1.3 Report Organization
This report includes an environmental context in Section 2, a cultural context in Section 3 and the results of the background research in Section 4. The research designs and work plans for archaeological and architectural identification efforts are presented in Section 5. Section 6.0 presents a summary Appendix A provides historic maps documenting the use of the Project Area through time and Appendix B lists previously recorded cultural resources within a larger 5-mile (8-km) area, as is customary for solar projects submitted to the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (OH-SHPO) for review
2 Environmental Context
The purpose of this section is to provide an environmental context through which to evaluate the results of our investigations. The environmental context provides information to help identify significant trends based on physiography, climate, flora and fauna, and natural features. This background section briefly outlines the environment of the region in and around Logan County, Ohio. The Project Area is located within the Great Miami River watershed. Multiple waterbodies traverse the Project Area, including tributaries of the Miami River
2.1.1 PHYSIOGRAPHY
The Project Area lies within two physiographic regions as well as Quaternary Lake basin deposits. The first is the Central Ohio Loamy Till Plain, which is described as having a surface of clayey till with welldefined moraines, intervening flat-lying ground moraines, and intermorainal lake basins (Brockman 1998). The second physiographic region is known as the Southern Ohio Loamy Till Plain- with portions of the Bellefontaine Upland Section present as well. The Bellefontaine Upland Section is described as having moderately high relief, dissected topography with moraine complexes, boulder belts, high-gradient major streams, caves, sinkholes, and relatively few glacial depressions when compared to surrounding areas (Brockman 1998). The landscape of the Central Ohio Loamy Till Plain is typified by elevations of between 700 and 1,150 feet (ft) above mean sea level (AMSL) and the landscape of the Bellefontaine Upland contains elevations between 1,110 and 1,549 ft AMSL, including the highest point in Ohio (Brockman 1998).
The Project Area is located within the Latty-Fulton and the Nappanee-Paulding soil associations. Soils of the Latty-Fulton association are nearly level to gently sloping, very to somewhat poorly drained, and formed in textured lakebed sediments on lake plains (United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service [USDA/SCS] 1979). The Nappanee-Paulding soil association is characterized by nearly level to gently sloping soils that are somewhat to very poorly drained, and formed in fine textured glacial till on ground moraines and lake plains (USDA/SCS 1979). Specific soil types within the Project Area are shown on Table 1
Table 1. Project Area Soils
Symbol Description
Ag Algiers silt loam No
Ble1B1 Blount silt loam, end moraine, 2 to 4 percent slopes
Gwg5C2 Glynwood clay loam, ground moraine, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded No
HdA Haskins loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes
HdB Haskins loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes
HoA Homer silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes
HoB Homer silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes
La Latty silty clay
Lb Latty silty clay, occasionally flooded
Ln Linwood muck
Lp Lippincott silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes
Mnl3A Minster silty clay loam, till substratum, 0 to 1 percent slopes
Mns3A Minster silty clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes
Mz Muskego muck
NaA Nappanee silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes
NaB Nappanee silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes
OcA Ockley silt loam, Southern Ohio Till Plain, 0 to 2 percent slopes
Pe Pewamo silty clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes
Pk Pits, quarries
ScB St. Clair silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes
ScC2 St. Clair silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, moderately eroded
ScD2 St. Clair silt loam, 12 to 18 percent slopes, moderately eroded
SlA Sleeth silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes
W Water
Wa Wallkill silt loam
Wu Westland silty clay loam, clay substratum
Wv Wetzel silty clay loam
Wx Willette muck
2.1.2 CLIMATE
The climate of Logan County is typical of the Midwest, with warm, humid summers and cold, wet winters. Precipitation varies annually, but the average annual precipitation is 90.4 cm (35.6 in) (USDA/SCS 1979). The typical winter snowfall is 55.6 cm (21.9 in). The average low winter temperature in January is -7.6º C (18.2º F) and the average high summer temperature in July is 28.5º C (83.4º F) (USDA/SCS 1979).
2.1.3 FLORA AND FAUNA
There are five basic vegetation zones in Ohio that have very similar boundaries as the physiographic regions. Over 2,500 plant species have been identified in Ohio. The Project Area lies within the Clayey, High Lime Drift Plains, the Loamy, High Lime Till Plains, and the Mad River Interlobate Area sections of the Eastern Corn Belt Plains Ecoregion (Woods et al. 2007).
The Clayey, High Lime Drift Plains ecoregion contains clayey, high lime, late-Wisconsinan glacial till, lacustrine deposits, and scattered loess soils. The region was originally dominated by beech forests and scattered elm-ash swamp forests. Today, corn, soybean, wheat, and livestock farming are common (Woods et al. 2007).
The Loamy, High Lime Till Plains ecoregion contains loamy, high lime, late- Wisconsinan glacial till, glacial outwash, and scattered loess soils. Today, corn, soybean, and livestock production have replaced beech, oak-sugar maple, and elm-ash swamp forests in this region (Woods et al. 2007).
The Mad River Interlobate Area ecoregion contains loamy, high lime, late- Wisconsinan glacial till and coarse glacial outwash. The region contains high yielding aquifers in areas with glacial outwash deposits. Extensive corn, soybean, dairy, and livestock production, as well as urban activity, have replaced the beech, oak-sugar maple, and elm-ash swamp forests native to the area (Woods et al. 2007).
Prior to European settlement in Ohio, the state was inhabited by white-tail deer, passenger pigeons, bald eagle, beaver, black bear, panther, elk, gray wolf, and buffalo (Ohio State University 2013). Today Ohio’s mammals include coyote, white-tail deer, the red and gray fox, the common cottontail, raccoon, opossum, and several species of squirrel. Birds such as the eastern great blue heron, eastern cowbird, and a variety of woodpeckers also nest in Ohio.
2.1.4 INDIAN LAKE
Indian Lake possesses a unique geomorphic history, originally comprised of a cluster of natural lakes formed through glacial processes. As the continental glaciers receded from Ohio, chunks of ice detached, melted, and created depressions known as kettle lakes. The region surrounding Indian Lake was initially characterized by these shallow, marshy natural lakes, covering an expanse of 640 acres. Subsequently, human intervention altered this natural landscape. In the mid-nineteenth century, the construction of the Miami and Erie Canal involved damming the Great Miami River, transforming the pre-existing natural lakes into a single, larger, controlled reservoir. The resulting geomorphic changes, blending both natural and anthropogenic influences, redefine the history of Indian Lake, offering insights into the dynamic interplay between glacial legacies and human engineering.
3 Cultural Context
The purpose of this section is to provide a context through which to evaluate the results of our investigations. This section will briefly outline the precontact, protohistoric, and post-contact cultural background of central Ohio to help identify significant themes. While this overview categorizes Ohio's history into Precontact and Post contact eras, it is crucial to recognize that the delineation is not merely a division between pre- and post-European colonization. Native American history is far more nuanced than a binary before and after the arrival of Europeans. Native American lifeways were complex, culturally rich, and developed in parallel with their European counterparts. Often, historical narratives tend to portray Native American societies as a foil to Euro-American cultures, neglecting the sophistication and diversity inherent in indigenous cultures. Contrary to the historical notion that Native American populations were entirely "removed in the 1830s," contemporary Ohio bears witness to the continued presence and contributions of Native Americans. Today, Native Americans in Ohio play vital roles in various aspects of society, contributing to the cultural, economic, and social fabric of the state. Recognizing the complexity and ongoing contributions of Native American communities’ challenges outdated perspectives and fosters a more inclusive understanding of Ohio's dynamic history.
3.1 Precontact Cultural Setting
This section will outline the Precontact cultural setting of central Ohio. The goal of this discussion is to present a context through which to examine the precontact history of the region in and around the Project Area. For the purposes of this report, precontact history is defined as the time beginning with the initial human occupation of the region and continuing up to the period of European contact.
The Precontact occupation of Ohio is generally divided into four broad periods, Paleoindian, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian. The Paleoindian period encompasses the cultural remains of the earliest recorded occupations of the region, after about 13,000 B. P., during early postglacial times. The Archaic is identified by archaeologists as the period where more localized seasonal settlement and subsistence patterns replaced the broad seasonal migration patterns of the Paleoindian period. Broad exchange patterns, the innovation of ceramic technology, the emergence of cultigens, and an increasing shift toward sedentism generally identify the transition to the Woodland time period. The Mississippian period is marked by continued population growth, large villages, and subsurface storage pits resulting from an increased reliance on maize agriculture. The following sections will outline each of these broad time periods, including temporal divisions within each.
3.1.1 PALEOINDIAN PERIOD (CA. 13,000 – 10,000 B.P.)
Paleoindians consisted of nomadic groups comprised of small kin-based bands that primarily practiced a foraging subsistence strategy. The term “Paleoindian” refers broadly to a pattern of nomadic mobility and foraging rather than to a discrete group of people. Research suggests that these Paleoindian groups repetitively moved within a geographic range to intercept large herd animals during their migratory cycles (Gramly 1988; Stothers 1996). Over time, the focus likely shifted from large-scale expeditions to more regular, smaller-scale hunting, along with a decrease in the overall size of territory exploited by these groups.
Paleoindian sites are recognized in the archaeological record by the presence of narrow, lance-shaped spear points. These points may or may not have a flute (a large flat flake) removed from each side of the point. Early Paleoindian projectile points are often made of high-quality materials, usually from a widely dispersed area, which suggests a high level of mobility (Speth et al. 2010). Later Paleoindian points are more often made from local chert types, which may reflect a reduction in this mobility.
Paleoindian groups occupied the southern Great Lakes region circa 11,500 to 10,800 B.P. (Waters and Stafford 2007). Fluted projectile points have been found in the Great Lakes region and generally date from 11,000 to 10,000 B.P. In Ohio, Paleoindians lived in small groups and moved south to west across the state, advancing northward as the Wisconsin glacier retreated (Gordon 1996). Paleoindians hunted megafauna common to the area such as mastodon, caribou, giant beaver, musk-ox, and ground sloth (Gordon 1996). Due to their small group size and mobility, few sites have been studied and many of the artifact finds are isolates. A Paleoindian antler spear point uncovered in Hancock County dated to 11,000 B.P. is among the oldest artifacts discovered in Ohio (Gordon 1996). The retreat of the Wisconsin glacier and the changing ecology to a warmer and dryer climate ended the Paleoindian culture (Gordon 1996).
3.1.2 ARCHAIC PERIOD (10,000 – 3,500 B.P.)
The Early Archaic (10,000 – 8,000 B.P.) time period is often identified in the archaeological record by the transition from large, lanceolate bifaces of Paleoindian assemblages, to smaller, notched and bifurcated bifaces (Stothers 1996; Stothers et al. 2001). Groundstone tools and other lithic tools such as gravers, scrapers, and notched knives are also observed in the Early Archaic. Local cherts continue to be utilized as a resource. Early Archaic subsistence strategies continued the focus on large migrating Pleistocene herd animals, but Early Archaic groups also began to exploit more local environmental resources, including smaller game animals. Early Archaic artifacts tend to display more diversity in style and function, which also may reflect diversity in resource exploitation.
Archaeologists observe minimal change between the Early and Middle Archaic periods. The Middle Archaic period (8,000 – 5,000 B.P.) is reflected by changes in projectile point and blade types, but these variations are more prominent in southern portions of the U.S. and are not evident in central Ohio (Vickery and Litfin 1992). The Middle Archaic may be described as a transitional period between the Early and Late Archaic periods.
During the Late Archaic (6,000 – 3,500 B.P.) there is a period with increased focus on regional mobility patterns, as well as an increase in resource diversity. Late Archaic groups incorporated plants as a larger part of their subsistence strategy. Late Archaic sites often represent repeated occupation over a long period of time, which suggests a regular, more localized pattern of movement across the landscape. Projectile points and other lithic tools also show increases in variation. Small side-notched and cornernotched points and side and end scrapers appear frequently in Late Archaic assemblages. Groundstone tools are also increasingly evident. Pottery begins to appear in the transition between the Late Archaic and Early Woodland periods.
3.1.3 WOODLAND PERIOD (2,500 – 500 B.P.)
Populations in the Woodland Period tended to be broad spectrum hunter-gatherers, living in semisedentary occupations made up of small groups, likely based on kinship. These occupations were typically located around riverine environments and organized around communal burials. The Woodland
Period saw innovation in pottery, horticulture, earthwork construction, and other technological advancements, including the invention of the bow and arrow.
The Woodland Period is largely recognized through the Adena and Hopewell cultural periods, which are discussed in greater detail below.
3.1.3.1 Adena Culture (800 B.C. to A.D. 1)
The Early Woodland period (2,500 – 1,900 B.P.) marks the transition from the nomadic Archaic subsistence strategy to a more localized, semi-sedentary subsistence strategy. The Adena culture is representative of the Early Woodland period in southern Ohio. During the Early Woodland Period, the tradition expanded across Kentucky, southeastern Indiana, and the Kanawha Valley in West Virginia (OHC n.d.a.). The Adena culture is named after the estate of Ohio Governor Thomas Worthington, which was located approximately 1.5 miles northwest of Chillicothe, in which a 26 ft tall burial mound was present. This mound site exemplified all of the significant features of the culture, and so became the namesake (OHC n.d.a).
Adena people continued the hunter gathering practices of earlier periods, but also began to domesticate crops, such as squash, sunflower, sumpweed, maygrass, and tobacco (OHC n.d.a). Societies lived in small villages; however, frequently moved to follow animal herds and other seasonally available food resources (OHC n.d.a). Cultural material associated with the Adena include stemmed projectile points with weak shoulders, thick-walled ceramic vessels with flat bottoms and lug handles, drills, scrapers, and a variety of ornamental and ceremonial materials (Tuck 1978).
The earliest earthworks and burial mounds in central and southern Ohio are attributed to the Adena. These earthworks were often constructed over another structure, indicated by the presence of postmold features. Burials are often associated with a variety of exotic materials, such as cut mica, copper, beads, gorgets, and shell. It is important to note, however, that “Adena,” like “Hopewell” in the Middle Woodland, refers more to a pattern of mortuary practices and exchange of goods, rather than to a discrete group of people.
3.1.3.2
Hopewell Culture (200 B.C. to 400 A.D.)
While the Early Woodland/Adena lifestyle persisted into the Middle Woodland period in some peripheral areas, archaeologists generally describe the Middle Woodland period in Ohio (1,900 – 1,400 B.P.) as the period associated with the development of the Hopewell culture. The Hopewell culture seems to have developed simultaneously across the Midwest, in places such as Nebraska to Mississippi, Indiana to Minnesota, and from Virginia to Ohio, which is considered the epicenter of the Hopewell culture (OHC n.d.b). The Hopewell influences were strongest in the southern part of the state, specifically in the Ohio, Scioto, and Miami valleys. Residential patterns of the Hopewell culture differed from the previous Adena culture, as people tended to reside in one location, normally near major waterways, until the resources were exhausted in that area, before moving to a new location (OHC n.d.b).
Very few Hopewell archaeological sites have been investigated in Ohio, which leaves many questions regarding these populations unanswered (Yerkes 1988). Regardless, researchers believe that the Hopewell constructed earthworks, participated in trade, and were semi-sedentary.
The Middle Woodland period saw a continued increase in population and social organization, reflected in the numerous earthworks constructed in this period. These earthworks, often constructed in geometric figures, may have represented ceremonial centers, which suggests that populations may have been organized at some larger scale. Others have suggested that the earthworks were used as distribution centers for the trade of raw materials and refined goods (Yerkes 1988). The Precontact trade of exotic materials also reached a high during the Middle Woodland as populations within the “Hopewell Interaction Sphere” traded materials from as far away as the Upper Peninsula of Michigan (copper), the Gulf Coast (shell and shark teeth), and the Carolinas (mica). It has also been suggested that trade transcended physical goods and that the Hopewell people also shared mortuary-ceremonial or religious concepts. It is likely that trade during this period was represented by a broad, loosely organized pattern of exchange rather than a well-defined system of trade (Pacheco 1996).
The subsistence strategy was organized around a seasonal pattern of resource procurement and an increasing reliance on horticulture. Investigations at the Murphy Site (33Li212), a central Ohio Hopewell site, suggests small groups periodically occupied the area in the summer and fall seasons (Yerkes 1988). Around 400 A.D., the Hopewell culture began to decline, though the reason for this is unknown (OHC n.d.b). A prominent theory is due to a cultural collapse, as societies then shifted to larger, permanent, communities, which were more isolated from each other (OHC n.d.b).
3.1.3.3 Late Woodland Societies
The Late Woodland Period (1,400 –1,000 B.P.) is often characterized by a significant reduction in the extensive, extra-regional trade of exotic goods and materials. The construction of large ceremonial earthworks also ended in this period, as mortuary practices shifted to the interment of burials into existing, older mounds or small stone mounds. Isolated, individual burials are also observed. Late Woodland villages are located well to the north, east, and south of the Hopewell core (Seeman and Dancey 2000).
This period also is characterized by an increasingly sedentary residential pattern of large nucleated villages supported by a growing reliance on maize and other cultigens as a substantial part of the Late Woodland diet. Palisades or ditches were sometimes constructed around these villages. This need for defensive structures suggests an increasing instability at times. These villages, however, appear to be relatively brief occupations, generally lacking overlapping features (Seeman and Dancey 2000). Resource diversity also continued to increase, although reliance on aquatic resources was less pronounced in southern Ohio than in other areas of the Midwest. Some representative Late Woodland artifacts include small triangular points, scrapers, mortars and pestles, celts, and hoes. A distinct technological innovation of the period was the use of earthen ovens for steaming or baking food (Seeman and Dancey 2000). The Late Woodland is also represented by well-developed lithic, bone, fiber, and ceramic industries. Pottery in the early portion of the Late Woodland is generally thin, vertically cordmarked with angular shoulders (Newtown shoulder), while Middle Woodland containers typically have thicker walls and curved, indistinct shoulders (Seeman and Dancey 2000). The majority of ceramics at this time typically lack decoration and surface treatments (Yerkes 1988). Stone tools are characterized as bifacial with less elaborate designs than those that predate them (Yerkes 1988). The bow and arrow also became prevalent, though likely in the later portion of the Late Woodland.
The Cole Complex, though now largely debunked, has been described as a Late Woodland society, which gave way to the Fort Ancient culture (Dancey and Seeman 2005; Lentz 2003). Originally, the Cole Complex was defined by Baby and Potter (1965:5–6) as “a post-Hopewellian manifestation of a basic
Woodland or Scioto tradition present in the Ohio Valley from Late Adena to Fort Ancient times.” Study of several sites within Ohio revealed that the Cole Complex was defined by distinctive cord-marked and plain pottery styles. The cord-marked vessels exhibited full cord-marking with rounded shoulders, an inverted and collared rim, and four castellations, which were evenly spaced around the rim (Dancey and Seeman 2005). They did not bury their dead in mounds; rather in glacial kames and escarpments, grave goods were plain, and community enclosures were small when compared to the large villages of the Hopewell and later Fort Ancient peoples.
Criticism of the definition of Cole being a “complex” have surfaced (Dancey and Seeman 2005). It has been said that sites exhibiting Cole Complex artifacts cover too long of a timespan (1000 years), the excavated deposits have yielded conflicting dates, and non-ceramic artifacts are found to be more similar to those excavated in northern areas, such as the Great Lakes region, rather than the Ohio Valley. Instead, it has been suggested that the Cole Complex be placed within ceramic manufacture through the Woodland and Late Precontact periods, rather than a specifically defined complex or culture (Dancey and Seeman 2005).
The end of this period is attributed to the arrival of Europeans across the region. As these settlers arrived, new goods and ideas were brought to the Native American populations, which precipitated widespread change to their way of life.
3.1.4 PROTOHISTORIC PERIOD (500 B.P. – CONTACT)
Many Woodland communities across the midwestern portion of America began taking on characteristics of the Mississippian complex and developing strong ties with Cahokia and other centers during this time. However, some peripheral Late Woodland societies maintained their way of life until contact period (Yerkes 1988). In Ohio, the Protohistoric period is at the terminus of the Late Woodland Precontact time period and just before the earliest arrival of Europeans in northern Ohio. At this time, Native Americans are receiving European material indirectly from intermediate sources, but have never actually had physical contact with Europeans. The European material appears to be coming from French sources in the St. Lawrence River region and/or English sources in the Chesapeake Bay region (Pendergast 1985, 1990; Stothers et al. 1994). Some researchers have also suggested a third, as of yet unproven, Spanish source from the American southeast (Drooker 1997; Stothers and Abel 1991).
The Protohistoric period in Ohio is dominated by the Fort Ancient peoples. The Fort Ancient material culture replaced earlier groups of horticulturalists in central Ohio. It has been determined that Fort Ancient Peoples were predominantly sedentary and relied on horticulture, Fort Ancient people grew maize, beans, squash, and sunflower (Wagner 1986). Fort Ancient groups also relied heavily on maize agriculture. Their villages were densely occupied, being home to approximately 100-500 people (Fort Ancient 2013). Fort Ancient villages have been determined to be autonomous settlements with no evidence of regional hierarchy (Yerkes 1988). Population within the villages would vary throughout the year, as groups would leave villages in the winter to live in hunting camps. Village structures included a pattern of concentric circles with a central plaza, defined boundaries for cemeteries, and stockades. Residences were usually rectangular in shape. In addition to the villages, Fort Ancient peoples are known for their animal effigy mounds, specifically Alligator Mound in Granville and Serpent Mount in Peebles, Ohio (Fort Ancient 2013). Fort Ancient ceramics are described as “grit and shell-tempered cord-marked and plain jars with strap handles, vertical to flaring rims” (Yerkes 1988). Stone tool production appears to have been
conducted within a ceremonial area, which some have interpreted as a sign of gender roles (Robertson 1984).
This culture has been associated with Mississippian cultures to the west and throughout the southeastern United States; however, Mississippian groups are noted to be larger with more complex practices (Fort Ancient 2013). It is currently unclear whether the Fort Ancient peoples originated from the Mississippian groups, or if they are their own separate culture, though the Fort Ancient peoples are considered descendants of Late Woodland peoples (Fort Ancient 2013; USDA/SCS 2003). The Fort Ancient peoples abruptly disappear from the archaeological record around 1650 A.D. Potential theories include the decimation of the population from European explorers or they were driven out by waring contemporary groups, though there is no hard evidence for either theory (Fort Ancient 2013).
By the mid-1700s, European explorers had begun to make contact with the tribes occupying the Ohio River Valley, which included the Shawnee, Miami, and Delaware, among others (Fort Ancient 2013). While none of these groups have been able to be definitively linked to the Fort Ancient culture, the Shawnee is often described as the most likely historical descendent. These Native American groups were spread out across the United States at the time of European contact, while the Shawnee were specifically encountered in Maryland and Pennsylvania prior to European contact in Ohio (Fort Ancient 2013).
During Contact Period in Ohio, the Shawnee occupied the southern portion of the state (OHC n.d.c). Meanwhile, the Seneca-Cayuga were present in central and northwest Ohio (OHC n.d.c). In the eastern portion of Ohio, the Delaware claimed land (OHC n.d.c). The Wyandot and Ottawa tribes could be found in areas of northern Ohio (OHC n.d.c). The western portion of the state was documented to be occupied by the Miami (OHC n.d.c).
3.2 Post Contact Cultural Setting
The establishment of Detroit in 1701 marked a turning point, transforming the Ohio region into a focal point for fur trade and European political and military influence (Nester 2000). Throughout the eighteenth century, this resulted in an influx of non-Native settlers and a resurgence of Native American activities in the Ohio area. By the mid-eighteenth century, British and French traders competed for dominance in the region, a rivalry that heightened following the French and Indian War (1756–1763). After the war, the French ceded control of all Ohio lands to the British (Nester 2000).
In the post-war years, British colonists engaged in skirmishes with disgruntled Native Americans due to British postwar policies. In an effort to maintain peace with tribes allied to the French, the Royal Proclamation of 1763 was enacted, restricting settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains (OHC n.d.d). This proclamation, however, failed to curb colonists' westward movement, contributing to tensions that played a role in the American Revolution against Great Britain (OHC n.d.d).
After the Revolutionary War (1775–1783), Native American territories, including Ohio, were ceded to the United States through treaties like the Treaty of Fort McIntosh (Pennsylvania) in 1785 and the Treaty of Greenville (Ohio) in 1795 (OHC n.d.e). Multiple states, including New York, Connecticut, and Virginia, laid claim to Ohio, with Virginia asserting rights to all territory northwest of the Ohio River (Bennett 1902).
Virginia's claims led to the establishment of the Virginia Military District, aiming to reward Revolutionary soldiers. Lands within this district, including present-day Logan County, were located between the Scioto
and Little Miami rivers (Bennett 1902). Early Euro-American records for the area now known as Logan County exist by the end of the American Revolution.
By 1805, the area that became Logan County underwent significant transformation, evolving from an "unbroken wilderness" into a thriving community marked by schoolhouses, churches, and industries (Antrim 1872). The development of roadways and transportation routes facilitated increased settlement, while agriculture became central. Johnny Appleseed's presence and the prevalence of clay belts further diversified economic activities (Perrin and Battle 1880).
Formally established in 1817, Logan County saw the founding of Bellefontaine in 1820, which served as its enduring county seat (Logan County, Ohio History Center [OHC] n.d.f). As Euro-American settlement advanced, the coexistence with Native American populations, particularly the Delaware and Shawnee tribes, persisted.
The Treaty of Lewistown on August 3,1829 led to the establishment of the Seneca-Shawnee reservation near Muchinnippi Creek (Logan County, Ohio Historical Society marker). However, as U.S. expansionism continued, the fate of Native American settlements shifted, culminating in the forced expulsion of the Seneca and Shawnee tribes from the reservation in 1832 (Treaty of Lewistown, August 3, 1829).
While manufacturing, service industries, and tourism shaped Logan County's economic trajectory (OHC n.d.f), the historical echoes of Native American dispossession served as a pragmatic reminder of the complexities embedded in the county's history. Attractions like Lake State Park and Zane Caverns now stand as reflections of a history intricately connected with the legacy of indigenous displacement.
4 Background Research
4.1 Previously Recorded Resources and Investigations
The literature review focused on identifying previously recorded cultural resources and cultural resources investigations within the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area Research was conducted using records provided by the OH-SHPO in January. For the literature review, Stantec consulted the following resources:
• National Historic Landmark list;
• National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) list;
• Cultural Resource Management reports;
• County Histories and Atlas Maps;
• Ohio Archaeological Inventory (OAI) files;
• Ohio Historic Inventory (OHI) files;
• Ohio Genealogical Society (OGS) cemetery files; and
• Archaeological Atlas of Ohio (Mills 1914).
Stantec will make reasonable efforts to incorporate into the final report of findings data from inventory forms for all previously documented resources within the Project Area. These efforts, however, may prove difficult as a result of the June 2023 data loss incident, which impacted the Ohio History Connection's online mapping system and associated records database.
In addition to the cultural resources within the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area discussed in the body of the work plan, Appendix B includes tabular data listing the cultural resources within 5 miles (8 km) of the Project Area to provide a broader context against which to compare our survey results.
4.1.1 NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS LIST
There are no National Historic Landmarks (NHLs) within the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area, including the Project Area
4.1.2 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
Three NRHP-listed historic properties are within the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area: 74001548, 74001549, and 75001458; none of these three listed properties are within the Project Area (Figure 3). Dunns Pond Mound (74001548), located near Huntsville, represents an archaeological site attributed to the Hopewell culture. Estimated to be over 2,000 years old, the mound exhibits a dome-shaped structure thought to primarily have been used as a burial ground. Lake Ridge Island Mounds (74001549), also known as Wolf Mounds I-IV, are situated on the eastern shoreline of Indian Lake on Lake Ridge Island. The resource consists of three to four earthen mounds arranged in a linear/ semi-triangular formation and attributed to the Hopewell culture. The precise function of these mounds remains unclear, and limited archaeological investigation has been conducted on them. The 1876 McColly Covered Bridge (75001458) in Miami Township appears to be one of only two remaining covered bridges in Logan County. This Howe truss covered bridge was listed in the NRHP 1975 as a significant example of nineteenth-century American bridge engineering. Specific details, such as structural dimensions and load-bearing capacity, can be extracted from engineering records and documentation.
4.1.3 OHIO HISTORIC INVENTORY (OHI)
A total of 159 resources recorded on the Ohio Historic inventory (OHI) are within the Above-ground APE and the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area (Figure 3); however, only nine of these OHI resources are located within the Project Area (shaded gray in Table 2). The Howard Barn, constructed in 1910 in Washington Township, stands as a vernacular two-and-a-half-story building with a gambrel roof and rectangular shape. The vernacular Thurman House, built in 1880 with an 1885 addition in the same township, is a single dwelling exhibiting a gabled ell and L-shaped design, along with a carriage house/garage. The Lenhart House in Bloomfield Township, constructed in 1911 with a 1920 addition, represents another vernacular single dwelling with a gabled ell, including a barn and a shed. The Huber House, situated in Bloomfield Township as well, was built in 1935 with a 1940 addition, presenting a one-and-a-half-story vernacular single dwelling with a barn. In the same township, the Wildermuth House, dating to 1907 with a 1910 addition, showcases a two-story vernacular building associated with a barn, carriage house/garage, and a silo. The Shrelkeld House, constructed in 1910 in Bloomfield Township with a 1970 alteration, stands as a two-story vernacular single dwelling associated with a privy, barn, and a garage. Heading to Stokes Township, the Aldrich House (Stokes Twp School), built in 1880 with a 1950 addition, served as a one-room rural or county school district schoolhouse. In McArthur Township, the Dunn Property, constructed in 1875 with a 1920 addition, is a one-and-a-half-story vernacular building with a barn and a carriage house/garage. Finally, the Abandoned Toledo & Ohio Central RR Trestle, associated with the Toledo & Ohio Central and New York Central railroads in Washington Township, dates to between 1900 and 1968, and was previously recorded as being in deteriorated condition. The remaining 150 properties are not located within the Project Area; however, they are located within the Above-ground APE or the two-mile study area Table 2. Previously Recorded
Reources in shaded rows are within the
LOG0007601
LOG0007716
LOG0007816
LOG0007916
LOG0021016
LOG0047802
LOG0051616
LOG0052416
LOG0052505
LOG0061118
LOG0061218
LOG0061505
LOG0061716
LOG0064116
4.1.4 OHIO ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVENTORY (OAI)
The OAI files reveal 359 archaeological sites within the 2-mile (3.2 km) study area (Figure 4; note that sites outside the Project Area are not depicted on Project mapping due to the sensitive nature archaeological site location). Among these 359 sites, 108 are documented as precontact isolated finds. Additionally, 182 sites are marked as non-isolated precontact sites, indicating the discovery of multiple artifacts and/or features. Within this category, 161 sites are classified as unknown site types, suggesting they likely served as short-term camp sites. Notably, four sites (33LO0028 through 33LO0031) are identified as earthen mounds associated with the Wolf Mound grouping. Isolated precontact human burials are documented at sites 33LO0182, -0183, -0187, -0188, -0189, -0190, -0274, and -0412. Furthermore, 47 sites represent historic period sites, spanning from the late 18th century to modern times. The remaining 21 sites are categorized as multicomponent, indicating the presence of both historic and precontact material culture All 359 sites within the 2-mile (3.2 km) study area were recorded as part of the 1998 ASC survey discussed in Section 4.1.6.
Of the 359 archaeological sites within the 2.0-mile (3.2-km) study area, 54 are located within the Project Area (see Appendix C) Of these 54 sites, ASC recommended six sites for further work Table 3 provides a summary for each of the six sites ASC recommended for additional investigation.
Table 3. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites within Project Area Recommended for Additional Investigation
33LO0247 Unassigned Precontact 14400 Flat area on rise in glacial lakebed 90% Surface Survey, Subsurface Testing, and Visual Inspection
33LO0285 Unassigned Precontact 375 Rise on the glacial lakebed, 5% slope 80% Surface Survey, Visual Inspection
33LO0289 Unassigned Precontact 2500 Rise on the glacial lakebed, 11% slope 80% Surface Survey, Visual Inspection
33LO0469 Late Archaic Precontact 2400 Rise above a wetland on the ground moraine, 9% slope 60% Surface Survey, Visual Inspection
33LO0471 Unassigned Precontact
750 Rise on the ground moraine, 11% slope 60% Surface Survey, Visual Inspection
Scatter This site is a lithic scatter containing 41 artifacts: 1 scraper, 1 untyped projectile point fragment, 14 secondary flakes, and 35 pieces of shatter
Scatter This site is a lithic scatter containing 55 artifacts: 35 pieces of shatter, 15 secondary flakes, 4 thinning flakes, and 1 granite pitted stone
Scatter This site is a lithic scatter containing 52 artifacts: 22 thinning flakes, 29 pieces of shatter, and 1 biface fragment
Scatter This site is a lithic scatter containing 36 artifacts: 27 pieces of shatter, 2 primary flakes, and 7 thinning flakes
Scatter This site is a lithic scatter containing 26 artifacts: 1 piece of retouched shatter, 13 pieces of shatter, 11 thinning flakes, and 1 Brewerton Corner Notched projectile point
Scatter This site is a lithic scatter containing 32 artifacts: 14 pieces of shatter, 17 thinning flakes, and 1 flake fragment
4.1.5
OHIO GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY (OGS) CEMETERY DATA
The OGS files indicate a total of 24 cemeteries within the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area (Table 4; Figure 3). All these cemeteries are located outside the Project Area; however, 11 of them are within the Aboveground APE The historic architectural reconnaissance survey will investigate all cemeteries 45 years of age or older within the Above-ground APE and all previously recorded cemeteries within the 2-mile study area.
Table 4. Previously Recorded Cemeteries within the 2-mile (3.2-km) Study Area 2
of US 33. East of CR 98. North of CR 38 and covered bridge
Table 4. Previously Recorded Cemeteries within the 2-mile (3.2-km) Study Area 2
9262 Unnamed N/A
1990 Dowden-Old Allinger Farm N/A
1995 Pleasant hill N/A
West of TR 33. South of CR 13. In excavation
Southeast of Jackson Center. 1 mile south of Wise Road (CR 61). On Strong Road (TR 58)
One mile east of Jackson Center. At northeast intersection of SR 274 and CR 59 (Morris-Rose Road)
4.1.6 CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (CRM) INVESTIGATIONS 3
Records on file at OH-SHPO indicate that 23 previous cultural resources investigations have been conducted within the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area (Table 5, Figure 5). Seven of these investigations have been conducted within portions of the Project Area, as highlighted in Table 5. The largest of the previous investigations overlapping the Project Area, and the only one to identify archaeological sites within the Project Area, was completed by ASC (Whitman et al. 1998). Linda G. Whitman and her team, in 1998, conducted a comprehensive Phase I Literature Review, Predictive Model, and Archaeological Cultural Resource Survey. The survey identified a total of 568 archaeological sites, encompassing precontact and historic components. Linda G. Whitman, Nathan Young & Deborah Dobson- Brown further expanded on this work in 1999 with an Addendum to the Phase I Literature Review.
Table 5. Previous Cultural Resources Investigations within the 2-mile (3.2-km) Study Area
13255 1985 Bier, Donald R., Jr.
13256 1986 Addington, James E.
13267 1993 Sprague, Rae Norris
13603 1995 Murphy, James L.
A Phase I and II Archaeological Survey for the Point Place, Ltd. Apartments Development, South Russell, Logan County, Ohio
Preliminary Archaeological Assessment of the Proposed Intersection Reconstruction and Realignment of S.R. 708, Logan County, Ohio: Log235/708-15.11/0.00 (P.F. 1143)
Literature Review and Reconnaissance Survey of Four Areas to be Impacted By Proposed Water System Improvements in Russells Point, Washington Township, Logan County, Ohio
A Phase I Literature Survey of a Proposed Airport Site (West Bellefontaine, Modified Site E), Harrison Township, Logan County, Ohio
14238 1998 Baker, Stanley W. Letter Report: Summary of Cultural Resources Field Review in Washington Township, Logan County, Ohio. Project: LOG-235/274-23.641/8.095 (PID 18782).
14824 1999 Haywood, Norman A.
Phase I Cultural Resources Survey for the Huntsville/Cherokee Mans Area Sanitary Sewer Project in Richland, McArthur, and Harrison Townships, Logan County, Ohio
3 Investigations in shaded rows overlap or are wholly within the Project Area
Table 5. Previous Cultural Resources Investigations within the 2-mile (3.2-km) Study Area
15997 2003 Keener, Craig S.
Phase I Cultural Resource Management Survey of a Proposed 6.4 ha (16 a.) Community Park in the Village of Huntsville, McArthur Township, Logan County, Ohio
16324 2004 Pecora, Albert M. Phase I Archaeological Survey for the Proposed Logan Acres Senior Community Center, Harrison Township (Section 7), Logan County, Ohio
17368 2006 Meyer, Elaine
17628 2007 Baker, Stanley W.
18014 1998 Whitman, Linda G.
Phase I Cultural Resources Management Survey for the Proposed Huntsville PCS / Hurley Wireless Cellular Tower in McArthur Township, Logan County, Ohio
Phase I Cultural Resource Investigations for the Proposed SR-708 Lakeview Outpost (PID 82604) Project, Washington Township, Logan County, Ohio- Short Report Format.
Volume 1: Phase I Literature Review, Predictive Model, and Archaeological Cultural Resource Survey for the AUG/LOG-33-26.875/0.00; (PID 16385) Project in Multiple Townships in Auglaize, Logan and Shelby Counties, Ohio.
18394 2010 Weller, Ryan J. Phase I Cultural Resources Management Survey for the 9.8 ha (24.3 ac) Longview Cove Housing Development in Richland Township, Logan County, Ohio
18623 1991 Riordan, Robert V.
19215 1999 Whitman, Linda G.
19215 1999 Whitman, Linda G.
19448 2014 Gullett, Catherine
19511 2014 Biehl, Stephen M.
20233 2016 Nelson, Christopher L.
21639 2020 Kelly, Christina E.
21756 2020 Allen, Danna
21861 2020 Martin, Montana
22227 2021 Keener, Craig S.
An Archaeological Survey of the Indian Lake Facilities Plan Update in Richland and Stokes Townships, Logan County, Ohio.
Addendum to Phase I Literature Review, Predictive Model, Archaeological and Architectural Cultural Resource Survey for the AUG/LOG-3326.875/0.00; (PID 16385) Project (in Multiple Townships) in Auglaize, Logan and Shelby Counties, Ohio.
Addendum to Phase I Literature Review, Predictive Model, Archaeological and Architectural Cultural Resource Survey for the AUG/LOG-3326.875/0.00; (PID 16385) Project (in Multiple Townships) in Auglaize, Logan and Shelby Counties, Ohio.
Phase I Archaeological Survey for the Russells Point Wireless Cellular Tower in the Village of Russells Point, (Washington Township), Logan County, Ohio
Phase I Archaeological Survey of the Proposed Belle Center / North Fork Sanitary Force Main By-Pass Project, Richland Township, Logan County, Ohio
Phase I Cultural Resources Survey for the Proposed Indian Lake Dam and Spillway Project in Washington Township, Logan County, Ohio
Phase I Cultural Resources Survey For The Proposed Dayton Lake Rebuild, Richland Township, Logan County, Ohio
Cultural Resources Report for the MOUNDWOOD - A (Site 616428476) 7407 State Route 368, Huntsville, (Washington Township), Logan County, Ohio
Phase I Archaeological Survey of the Lewistown New Sanitary Sewage Collection System In Lewistown, (Logan County) Ohio
Phase I Cultural Resource Management Survey for the Proposed Storm Sewer Improvements the Village of Russells Point, Logan County, Ohio
Stantec staff also consulted three historic maps showing the Project Area to gain an understanding of the land use history and age of historic resources that may be present within the Project Area (see maps in Appendix A).
The 1874 mapping provides a detailed representation of individual landowners, buildings, structures, and cultural features like orchards and cemeteries. Within the Project Area, approximately 27 houses stand on parcels owned by individuals such as J. J. Wright, S. Garling, J. Plum, O. S. Black, and others. Lewistown is situated in the southeastern part of the Project Area, while numerous orchards are distributed throughout the Project Area. Schools and churches are also noted just outside the Project Area (Stewart 1875).
Review of the 1890 mapping revealed details about landowners, residential structures, schools, and churches. Houses within the Project Area are associated with landowners like Louis Apple, Robert Dunn, John Rennick, James Taylor, among others. School #6 is mapped in the central portion of the Project Area, situated in Washington Township, on a larger parcel owned by Robert G. Dunn (Logan County 1890; Appendix A).
In 1915, the mapping does not depict landowners but showcases individual land structures. The Toledo and Ohio Central Railway runs north-south through the west-central part of the Project Area, with multiple roads also traversing the Project Area (Appendix A). While these mapped structures and schools suggest a higher likelihood of historic archaeological sites and existing historic buildings and structures, the scale of the maps doesn't precisely pinpoint site locations.
In addition to historic atlas maps, an early archaeological map (Mills 1914) was consulted as well as a pre-1894 Bureau of American Ethnology Indian Land Cessions map. Like other maps of its time, Mills (1914) provides a county-wide overview of archaeological resources, including 59 sites comprising an enclosure, 33 mounds, and 25 burials. A group of fifteen mounds is highlighted on the southeast side of the Lewistown Reservoir, with the southwestern-most mounds possibly falling within the designated Project Area along the Great Miami River in Section 1 of Washington Township.
The 1894 Bureau of American Ethnology Indian Land Cessions map (Royce 1899) shows the western and central portions of the Project Area within the joint Shawnee and Seneca Reservation. Also on this map, two contemporary towns are listed as Native American villages. Lewistown is listed as a Shawnee village, and Solomonstown (named Huntsville today) is listed as a Wyandot village.
4.3 Summary and Discussion
This section presents the results of the cultural resources records review. The records check indicates that 23 cultural resource projects, 359 previously identified archaeological sites, 24 cemeteries, 159 OHI properties, and three properties listed on the NRHP have been recorded within the two-mile study area. Of these resources, 7 cultural resource projects, 54 previously identified archaeological sites, and 9 OHI properties have been recorded within the Project Area
The cultural context of the region suggests that additional unidentified cultural resources persist in this area. These unidentified resources may represent a variety of time periods ranging from Precontact Paleoindian period sites through protohistoric Native American sites. These sites may represent a variety
of site types, including isolated artifacts to larger occupational sites. Terrace remnants and topographical rises, particularly in association with drainages or other water sources, are local landforms likely to contain archaeological deposits.
The historic context of the region suggests that unidentified historic archaeological sites may represent a variety of activities ranging from historic dump and debris discard areas to residential sites, as well as sites associated with the historic Seneca- Shawnee reservation. Historic sites also tend to occur in conjunction with transportation features such as drainages, railroads, and roads. Additionally, these types of transportation features can be considered cultural resources. Cemeteries are also common historic resources in rural areas. In addition to archaeological sites and cemeteries, Stantec expects to identify unrecorded historic buildings, structures, and landscape features. These unrecorded historic buildings, structures, and landscape features may be identified in the rural portion of the county as well as in both its unincorporated communities and villages.
In summary, the Project Area is situated in a culturally sensitive region, given the Miami River's historical significance as a repository of archaeological sites in Ohio before European contact. Additionally, a portion of the Project Area was formerly a joint Seneca/Shawnee reservation, contributing to its archaeological and historical importance. This information will guide the cultural survey in an attempt to provide informed recommendations of eligibility to the NRHP.
4.3.1 EXPECTED SURVEY RESULTS
Due to the relative size of the Above-ground APE and the early-to-mid nineteenth century Euro-American settlement of the area, Stantec expects to identify unrecorded historic resources which are eligible for listing in the NRHP. The landscape was historically agricultural in nature and for the most part remains that way today, except for the unincorporated communities and villages mentioned below. Within the twomile study area, there is one NRHP listed historic structure – the McColly Covered Bridge. The 159 previously recorded OHI properties and 24 OGS cemeteries within the Above-ground APE and the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area indicate that unrecorded historic buildings, structures, and cemeteries are likely to be identified. Buildings are likely to include those typical of agricultural landscapes including but not limited to houses; garages; barns; and other agricultural support buildings. Buildings within unincorporated communities and villages are likely to include residential, commercial, and institutional buildings to support the residents living in those communities as well as the surrounding agricultural portions of the county Structures, such as historic culverts and bridges, are likely to be identified in greater numbers in the rural portion of the county but may also be identified within unincorporated communities or villages. Additional unrecorded cemeteries, in addition to the OGS cemeteries, may also be identified in either the rural portions of the county or at the edges of the unincorporated communities and villages.
The Project Area does not include any major population centers or major industries; however, the northern margin of the Project Area touches the southern margin of the Village of Russells Point. In addition to the Village of Russells Point, north of the Project Area is the Village of Lakeview. Just south of portions of the Project Area are the unincorporated communities of Bloom Center and Lewiston, as well as the Village of Huntsville. East of the Project Area is the unincorporated community of New Richland. West of the Project Area is Village of Jackson Center. Of these, only portions of Bloom Center, Lakeview, Lewiston, and Russells Point are within or partially within the Above-ground APE. It is expected that additional historic resources will be newly identified within the Above-ground APE, and that many of these will be associated with these unincorporated communities and villages.
5 Research Designs
5.1
Archaeology Survey Research Design
5.1.1 ARCHAEOLOGY APE
The Project Area is defined as the vertical and horizontal space (the area within and immediately adjacent to planned construction) that will be impacted by Project activities. The APE is defined as the maximum of the 5,115 acres (2,070 ha) where proposed ground disturbing Project activities may occur. The solar panels will be mounted on racks with a relatively small area of ground disturbance. Additional ground disturbance will occur during installation and construction of the Project’s electrical collection lines, access roads, and other Project infrastructure.
5.1.2 ASSESSING ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE ELGIBILITY FOR THE NRHP
Due to the Project Area's relative size and the density of previously recorded sites in surveyed regions, Stantec anticipates discovering approximately 250 to 400 archaeological sites. While many of these sites may manifest as isolated finds that do not meet the eligibility criteria for listing in the NRHP, the survey is expected to identify numerous precontact and historic scatters which will need to be assessed in more detail.
For assessing eligibility in precontact sites, Stantec will characterize sites based on various attributes, including site integrity, the presence of temporally diagnostic artifacts, artifacts associated with specific activities (e.g., lithic reduction, ground stone production, hide preparation), and the existence of noncollected artifacts like Fire-Cracked Rock (FCR), which may suggest features truncated by the modern plow zone. A shovel test will be excavated at any scatter with over 10 lithic artifacts and/or the presence of FCR to assess the site's integrity and research potential.
Similarly, NRHP eligibility assessment for historic sites will consider factors such as the presence or absence of architectural debris and the temporal range of artifacts. Sites appearing related to a domestic structure based on the presence of architectural debris will have a shovel test excavated. Additionally, archival information, including historic mapping and basic ancestry research, will be conducted to assess the eligibility of sites under criterion B of the NRHP.
5.1.3 PHASE I ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY METHODOLOGY
Stantec will conduct the archaeological fieldwork using methods consistent with the OH-SHPO guidelines and in consultation with OH-SHPO (OH-SHPO 2023). Stantec will perform the Phase I in order to identify archaeological sites and other cultural resources throughout the Project Area.
5.1.3.1 Previously Surveyed Area Methodology
Approximately 1,509 acres of the Project Area has undergone previous archaeological investigation, notably a substantial portion was surveyed by ASC in conjunction with the US 33 project (Whitman et al. 1998). The ASC survey resulted in the recordation of 568 archaeological sites, with 58 falling within the Grange Solar Project Area. Before ASC engaged in field investigations, a predictive model was established, which, when tested, identified 244 precontact sites based on parameters such as 10-meter
pedestrian survey intervals and 15-meter shovel testing intervals with shovel tests measuring 50cm². Upon evaluating the predictive model, recommendations were made to facilitate the entire field survey. Survey tracts were categorized as low, moderate, or high probability, guiding the placement of shovel test pits and surface survey transects at varying intervals. Shovel test pits were also excavated at historic scatter sites identified during surface surveys, with the goal of identifying any intact subsurface foundation remnants or features. Additionally, the entire ASC survey area underwent visual inspection, excluding areas with permanent or seasonal wetness, steep slopes exceeding 20-percent grade, and those areas subject to recent historic construction or disturbance beyond visual inspection. This technique proved effective in locating structural remnants and other aboveground remains. ASC also conducted informant interviews with landowners, tenant farmers, and local residents, recording information and interview details. Additionally, a presentation was made to the Bellefontaine Chapter of the Archaeological Council of Ohio in December 1997, which sought information on the location and setting of Glacial Kame burial sites in the region.
ASC recommended additional testing for six of the 58 archaeological sites identified within the present Project Area. After a review of ASC’s report, Stantec supports ASC's findings which recommend further work for six of the 58 sites within the Project Area (33LO0247, -0285, -0289, -0455, and -0469, and0471) and Stantec agrees with ASC’s position that it is unlikely additional unrecorded cultural resources eligible for listing in the NRHP are present within the previously surveyed area.
Stantec proposes a tiered approach to specifically re-investigate these six sites, including intensive pedestrian survey, shovel tests for soil characterization, and, if needed, magnetometry during the upcoming Phase I survey. In the event that this tiered approach does not provide sufficient information for a well-supported NRHP eligibility assessment for these six sites, Stantec will work with the OH-SHPO and the Grange Solar to determine the appropriate course of action with regard to these six sites vis-à-vis the Project
5.1.3.2
Previously Unsurveyed Areas Methodology
Pedestrian Surface Survey Methodology
In areas with greater than 50 percent surface visibility, Stantec will conduct a controlled surface survey. This survey will be conducted in transects spaced at a maximum 33-foot (10-m) interval. When the field crew identifies cultural material on the surface, additional survey on a 16-foot (5-m) grid surrounding the artifacts will be conducted. Artifacts will be marked with pin flags mapping the artifact distribution across the ground surface. These locations will be assigned individual Provenience Numbers (PN). At precontact sites, Stantec will record and collect all materials located within the Project Area. Historic sites will be collected similarly, with the exception of undiagnostic materials being sampled as opposed to 100% collection. Archaeologists will record the artifact distribution, along with relevant landscape features, with a Trimble R1 GNSS Receiver unit capable of sub-meter accuracy. The majority of the Project Area is anticipated to be investigated through pedestrian surface survey.
Shovel Test Survey Methodology
While the majority of the Project Area is understood to be subjected to pedestrian survey, some areas may yield less than 50 percent surface visibility. In areas with less than 50 percent surface visibility, Stantec will conduct systematic shovel probe excavation. STPs will be excavated in transects spaced at 49-foot (15-m) intervals. Adherence to these intervals will be maintained as closely as possible, although
STPs may be occasionally off set due to the presence of wetlands, subsurface utilities, and hardscape features. Pursuant to OH-SHPO guidelines, shovel tests will be 19.6 inches (50 cm) in diameter and extend into undisturbed soils. Soils removed from the probes will be screened for cultural materials through 1/4-inch (0.6-cm) hardware mesh and immediately backfilled. The crew will document and characterize soil stratigraphy according to the Munsell color guide (Munsell 1994). STPs that exhibit disturbance such as mixed and mottled “A” and “B” horizons or subsoil present at the ground surface will be noted, but not fully excavated. Shovel tests located in wet soils will be treated in the same fashion.
When the crew identifies an archaeological site, they will excavate STPs at a 16.4-foot (5-) interval until two negative test probes have been excavated in each cardinal direction along the grid. The crew then will collect and bag artifacts by individual shovel probe, record relevant information such as soils and depth of deposits, and take photographs. Archaeologists will record the artifact distribution, along with relevant landscape features, with a Trimble R1 GNSS Receiver unit capable of sub-meter accuracy.
5.1.3.3 Artifact Analysis
Artifacts will be transferred to Stantec’s archaeological laboratories where they will be analyzed in accordance with accepted standard practices. Following review and concurrence of all reports of investigations by OH-SHPO, Stantec will return the artifacts to the individual property owners associated with the artifacts. If the property owner wishes to donate the artifacts for curation, a signed Deed of Gift letter will accompany the artifacts and associated records to the curation facility.
5.1.3.4
Archaeology Survey Report and Inventory Forms
Per the OH-SHPO’s 2022 Archaeology Guidelines and your office’s October 2020 report submittal guidelines, one digital PDF copy of the complete survey report with associated appendices and the required GIS data will be submitted to the OH-SHPO for project review. In addition, the OAI forms for the six previously identified sites that are revisited will be updated and new OAI forms will be completed for all newly documented sites.
5.2 Historic Architectural Reconnaissance Survey Research Design
The historic architectural reconnaissance survey research design follows guidance in the Guidelines for Conducting History/Architecture Surveys in Ohio (rev. 2023), the NPS Guidelines for Local Surveys: A Basis for Preservation Planning, Parts 1 and 2 (rev.1985), National Register Bulletin 15, How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation (rev. 1995), and National Register Bulletin 16A, How to Complete the National Register Registration Form (rev. 1997). In addition, given the number of rural properties expected to be examined in this project, NRHP Bulletin 30, Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Historic Rural Landscapes (rev. 1999) will be utilized.
The goal of the historic architectural reconnaissance survey research design is to:
• Define the Above-ground APE;
• Establish the criteria by which historic resources will be evaluated;
• Propose a methodology for the survey of historic resources within the Above-ground APE and two-mile study area;
• Establish expectations regarding resource typologies and survey results; and
• Define the deliverables for the
5.2.1 ABOVE-GROUND APE
As described earlier in the work plan, the Project Area encompasses a maximum of 5,115 acres (2,070 ha). In addition to the nine previously recorded OHI resources within the Project Area, there are likely to be additional unrecorded above-ground resources within the Project Area that merit NRHP eligibility evaluations In addition to the nine previously recorded OHI properties within the Project Area, there are 150 previously recorded OHI properties within the Above-ground APE and the 2-mile (3.2-km) study area.
To accurately define the Above-ground APE, based on what is known about potential visual impacts, a preliminary visual resource analysis was prepared using the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) ArcGIS software with Spatial Analyst Extension. The preliminary visual resource analysis was based on a digital elevation model (DEM), which considers the screening effects of topography, vegetation, and buildings (Figure 7). Results are reported in a first return LiDAR, given a six-foot-tall observer, and are restricted to a 2-mile (3.2-km) radius, due to the relatively low height of the panel array, which is estimated at 15 feet (4.6 m), as has been customary for solar projects in Ohio. The DEM used for this examination was downloaded from the Ohio Geographically Referenced Information Program (http://gis5.oit.ohio.gov/geodatadownload/).
Simulations prepared for similar solar projects indicate that a two-mile study area range is appropriate for solar projects in this part of Ohio The visual resource analysis was based on this precedent, and the relatively low height of the panel array, which is estimated at 15 feet (4.6 m) As can be seen in Figures 6 and 7, visibility is most pronounced south and west of the Project Area. To the north and east, visibility is somewhat limited due to the presence of significant vegetation and existing buildings. Given these conditions, the proposed Above-ground APE is restricted at the north and east and expanded at the south and west
In addition to the survey of the Above-ground APE, Stantec will examine the entire 2-mile (3.2- km) study area and will survey previously recorded resources, regardless of their eligibility. The Villages of Lakeview and Russells Point as well as the unincorporated communities of Bloom Center and Lewiston are within or partially within the Above-ground APE. Stantec expects to identify additional unrecorded historic resources within the Above-ground APE which may be associated with these unincorporated communities and villages or may be in the rural portion of the county Outside the APE (within the two-mile study area), ineligible properties will not be recorded. Properties less than 45 years of age that have insufficient age for NRHP consideration will not be surveyed.
Stantec approaches the Above-ground APE with fluidity; that is, areas directly adjacent to the Aboveground APE will be included if on-the-ground conditions merit this expansion. Field survey will be limited to eligible properties that exist in proximity to, although directly outside, the Above-ground APE.
Stantec will provide assessments of effects, adequately taking into consideration potential visual impacts, for all surveyed above-ground historic properties. Visual impacts are considered the most likely aboveground impacts of solar projects, as these types of projects typically produce minimal noise and are unlikely to alter atmospheric conditions.
Auglaize
5.2.2 CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HISTORIC RESOURCES
Stantec will conduct the historic architectural reconnaissance survey using methods consistent with both the NRHP Criteria for Evaluation (36 CFR § 60.4) and the OH-SHPO guidelines (Derry et al. 1977; OHSHPO 2023). Stantec will assess NRHP eligibility based on the historic context developed and following the guidance outlined below
Historic architectural reconnaissance survey fieldwork will likely result in the identification of previously unrecorded resources that may be eligible for listing in the NRHP. During the survey, Stantec will identify properties with higher levels of significance that may warrant further investigation per the NRHP Criteria for Evaluation (36 CFR § 60.4). Per the National Park Service (NPS) definition, “The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, and culture is possible in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, material, workmanship, feeling, and association” and that meet at least one of the following four criteria:
Criterion A: Are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or
Criterion B: Are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or
Criterion C: Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values, or represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or
Criterion D: Have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.
Archaeological sites are primarily assessed under Criterion D.
According to the NRHP Criteria for Evaluation, buildings less than 50 years of age do not meet the NRHP criteria unless they are of exceptional importance under Criteria Consideration G, as described in NPS Bulletin No. 22, How to Evaluate and Nominate Potential National Register Properties That Have Achieved Significance Within the Last 50 Years (rev 1998).
A combination reconnaissance and limited intensive survey work will incorporate archival research to identify and evaluate resources 45 years of age or older. The 45-year mark is utilized to allow for analysis of resources that may become 50 years of age prior to Project review or construction. In addition, resources less than 50 years of age will be analyzed to understand whether they have achieved significance within the last 50 years under NRHP Criteria Consideration G.
During the historic architectural reconnaissance survey , Stantec will drive all county roads and a few farm roads within the Above-ground APE and two-mile study area to identify properties meeting the above parameters. Survey of properties will include detailed field notes and photographs obtained by qualified architectural historians or historians Field notes and photographs will be taken from public rights-of-way and recommendations will be solely based on the visible exterior of the properties. No inspections or evaluations which would require access to either building interiors or private property will be conducted as
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN: GRANGE SOLAR
STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
part of the survey. Properties anticipated to meet one or more of the NRHP criteria will receive an intensive level survey in which any buildings, structures, and landscape features on the property will be recorded regardless of their contributing or non-contributing status.
The NRHP evaluation of the surveyed properties will include assessments of both integrity and significance. Most of the surveyed properties are anticipated to be recommended not eligible for listing in the NRHP Properties recommended not eligible will be photographed to obtain a representative sample of the types of properties within the Above-ground APE.
5.2.4 HISTORIC RESOURCES SURVEY REPORT AND INVENTORY FORMS
Per the OH-SHPO Survey Report Submission Requirements and your office’s December 2020 report submittal guidelines, one digital PDF copy of the complete survey report with associated appendices and the required GIS data will be submitted to the OH-SHPO for project review. In addition, OHI forms will be updated for OHI properties within the Above-ground APE. New OHI forms will only be submitted for surveyed properties recommended eligible for listing in the NRHP.
6 Summary
This work plan, inclusive of the literature review, is provided to OH-SHPO for review and comment in advance of the cultural resource investigations. The work plan was designed to facilitate the evaluation of the proposed sampling strategy and field methodologies and to ensure that the investigations are consistent with OH-SHPO standards.
In light of the contextual setting, the desktop literature review results, and proposed design elements, Stantec proposes the following methodological approaches for the archaeological and above-ground investigations:
Archaeological Investigations
• Reinvestigate six previously identified sites recommended for additional examination (33LO0247, -0285, -0289, -0455, and -0469, and -0471) through pedestrian survey, judgmental shovel tests, and, if warranted, magnetometry; other previously surveyed parts of the Project Area will not be re-surveyed.
• Investigate previously unsurveyed areas with greater than 50 percent ground surface visibility through pedestrian surface collection
• Investigate previously unsurveyed areas with less than 50 percent ground surface visibility through excavation of shovel test probes.
• For sites identified by pedestrian survey, excavate a shovel test at all precontact sites with more than 10 chipped stone artifacts and/or FCR and at all historic sites.
Above-ground Investigations
• Complete a literature review of previously identified above- ground resources within a 5-mile radius of the Project Area and include this literature review (illustrated by appropriate mapping) in the report of findings;
• Complete a viewshed analysis of an area extending 2 miles (3.2 km) beyond the outer edge of the Project Area;
• Conduct a reconnaissance level survey of all built resources over 45 years of age within the Project Area and of all built resources over 45 years of age with a view of the project as determined by the viewshed analysis in an area extending 2 miles (3.2 km) from the Project Area;
• Assess NRHP eligibility for all surveyed above-ground resources; and
• Produce a report of findings that follows the 2014 OH-SHPO guidelines for reconnaissance level surveys including completion of OHIs only when newly surveyed properties are recommended eligible for the NRHP.
7 References Cited
Allen, Danna, and Matthew Swihart
2020 Cultural Resources Report for the MOUNDWOOD - A (Site 616428476) 7407 State Route 368, Huntsville, (Washington Township), Logan County, Ohio. Prepared by ERM (Environmental Resources Management). Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Antrim, Joshua 1872 The History of Champaign and Logan Counties from their First Settlement. Press Printing Co. Bellefontaine, Ohio.
Baby, Raymond S., and Martha A. Potter 1965 Cole Complex: A Preliminary Analysis of Late Woodland Ceramics in Ohio and Their Relationship to the Ohio Hopewell Phase. Ohio Historical Society Papers in Archaeology, no. 2. Columbus.
Bennett, Henry H. (editor)
1902 The County Of Ross: A History of Ross County, Ohio, from the Earliest Days, with Special Chapters on the Bench and Bar, Medical Profession, Educational Development, Industry and Agriculture and Biographical Sketches. Selwyn A. Brant, Madison, Wisconsin.
Bier, Donald R., Jr., and Shaune M. Skinner
1985 A Phase I and II Archaeological Survey for the Point Place, Ltd. Apartments Development, South Russell, Logan County, Ohio. Prepared by Ohio Historical Society, Contract Archaeology. Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Brockman, C. Scott
n.d. Physiographic Regions of Ohio. Electronic document, [link](http://www.epa.state.oh.us/portals/27/SIP/Nonattain/F2physiographic_regions_of_Ohio.pdf), accessed July 2021.
Dancey, William S., and Mark F. Seeman
2005 Rethinking the Cole Complex, a Post-Hopewellian Archaeological Unit in Central Ohio. In Woodland Period Systematics in the Middle Ohio Valley, edited by Darlene Applegate and Robert C. Mainfort Jr., pp. 134–149. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.
Derry, Anne, H. Ward Jandl, Carol D. Shull, and Jan Thorman
1977 National Register Bulletin: Guidelines for Local Surveys: A Basis for Preservation Planning U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service.
Drooker, P.
1997 The View from Madisonville: Protohistoric Western Fort Ancient Interaction Patterns. Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology No. 21. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Fort Ancient
2013 Ohio Prehistory: Late Precontact Period AD 1000 – 1750. Electronic document, [link](https://www.fortancient.org/archaeology/ohio-pre-history?showall=&start=5), accessed May 2020.
Gordon, J.
1996 Aboriginal Cultures and Landscapes. In A Geography of Ohio, edited by Leonard Peacefull, pp. 64–78. The Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio. Originally published 1990, The Changing Heartland: A Geography of Ohio, Ginn Press.
Gramly, R.
1988 Paleoindian Sites South of Lake Ontario, Western and Central New York State. In Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Paleoecology and Archaeology of the Eastern Great Lakes Region, edited by R.S. Laub, N. Miller, and D. Steadman, pp. 265–280. Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences 33.
Kelly, Christina E.
2020 Phase I Cultural Resources Survey For The Proposed Dayton Lake Rebuild Richland Township, Logan County, Ohio. Prepared by Civil & Environmental Consultants, Inc. Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Keener, Craig S.
2021 Phase I Cultural Resource Management Survey for the Proposed Storm Sewer Improvements the Village of Russells Point, Logan County, Ohio. Prepared by Professional Archaeological Services Team. Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Lentz, Ed
2003 Columbus, The Story of a City The Making of America Series. Arcadia Publishing, an imprint of Tempus Publishing, Charleston, South Carolina.
Logan County
1890 Atlas of Logan County, 1890. Electronic copy provided by the Ohio History Connection, [link](https://www.ohiohistory.org/OHC/media/OHCMedia/Documents/SHPO/Atlas/Atlas_of_Logan_County_1890.pdf), accessed January 2024
Martin, Montana.
2020 Phase I Archaeological Survey of the Lewistown New Sanitary Sewage Collection System In Lewistown, (Logan County) Ohio. Prepared by Corps of Engineers, Louisville District. Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Mills, W.
1914 Archaeological Atlas of Ohio. Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, Columbus.
Munsell Soil-Color Charts
1994 Munsell Soil-Color Charts with genuine Munsell color chips. Munsell Color, Grand Rapids.
National Park Service (NPS)
1983 Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
Nester, William
2000 The Great Frontier War: Britain, France, and the Imperial Struggle for North America, 16071755. Praeger Publishers, Westport, Connecticut.
Ohio History Central (OHC)
n.d.a Adena Culture. Ohio History Connection. Electronic document, [link](https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Adena_Culture), accessed February 2024
n.d.b Hopewell Culture. Ohio History Connection. Electronic document, [link](https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Hopewell_Culture), accessed February 2024
n.d.c American Indians. Ohio History Connection. Electronic document, [link](https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/American_Indians), accessed February 2024
n.d.d Ohio History Central: French and Indian War. Electronic document, [link](http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/French_and_Indian_War), accessed February 2024.
n.d.e Ohio History Central: Treaty of Greeneville (1795). Electronic document, [link](http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Treaty_of_Greeneville_(1795)), accessed February 2024
n.d.f Logan County, Ohio. Electronic Document, [link](https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Logan_County). Accessed January 2024.
Ohio History Connection
2024 Ohio State Historic Preservation Office Online Mapping System. Electronic database, [link](https://www.ohiohistory.org/preserve/state-historic-preservation-office/mapping), accessed January 2024.
Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (OH-SHPO)
2022 Archaeology Guidelines. State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
2023 Guidelines for Conducting History/Architecture Surveys in Ohio. State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Pacheco, P.
1996 Ohio Hopewell Regional Settlement Patterns. In A View From the Core: A Synthesis of Ohio Hopewell Archaeology, edited by P. J. Pacheco, pp. 18–35. Ohio Archaeological Council, Columbus.
Pendergast, J. F.
1985 Were the French on Lake Ontario in the Sixteenth Century? Man in the Northeast 29:71–85.
1990 Native Encounters with Europeans in the Sixteenth Century in the Region Known as Vermont. Vermont History 58(2):99-124.
Perrin, William Henry, and J.H. Battle
1880 History of Logan County and Ohio. O.L. Baskin & Co. Chicago, Illinois.
Purtill, Matthew P.
2009 The Ohio Archaic: A Review in: Archaic Societies: Diversity and Complexity across the Midcontinent. Edited by Thomas E. Emerson, Dale L. McElrath, and Andrew C. Fortier. State University of New York Press. Albany, New York. 15, 565-600
Riordan, Robert V.
1991 An Archaeological Survey of the Indian Lake Facilities Plan Update in Richland and Stokes Townships, Logan County, Ohio. Prepared by Robert V. Riordan, Floyd Browne & Associates, Inc. Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Royce, Charles C.
1899 Ohio Indian Cessation. Plate 47 in Indian Land Cessions in the United States, 1784-1894, Part 2 of Eighteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1896-1897. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
Seeman, M. and W. Dancey
2000 The Late Woodland Period in Southern Ohio: Basic Issues and Prospects. In Late Woodland Societies: Tradition and Transformation Across the Midcontinent, edited by T. E. Emerson, D. L. McElrath, and A. C. Fortier, pp. 583–611. University of Nebraska Press.
Skinner, Shaune M.
1985 A Phase I and II Archaeological Survey for the Point Place, Ltd. Apartments Development, South Russell, Logan County, Ohio. Prepared by Ohio Historical Society, Contract Archaeology. Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Speth, J., K. Newlander, A. White, A. Lemke, and L. Anderson
2010 Early Paleoindian Big-game Hunting in North America: Provisioning or Politics? Quaternary International (2010).
Sprague, Rae Norris and William M. Hunter
1993 Literature Review and Reconnaissance Survey of Four Areas to be Impacted By Proposed Water System Improvements in Russells Point, Washington Township, Logan County, Ohio Prepared by ASC Group, Inc. Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Stewart, D.J.
1875 Combination Atlas Map of Logan County, Ohio. Copy provided by the Ohio History Connection, https://www.ohiohistory.org/OHC/media/OHCMedia/Documents/SHPO/Atlas/Stewarts_Combination_Atlas_Map_of_Logan_County_1875. pdf, accessed February 2024
Stothers, D.M.
1996 Resource Procurement and Band Territories: A Model for Lower Great Lakes Paleoindian and Early Archaic Settlement Systems. Archaeology of Eastern North America 24: 173-216.
Weller, Ryan J.
2010 Phase I Cultural Resources Management Survey for the 9.8 ha (24.3 ac) Longview Cove Housing Development in Richland Township, Logan County, Ohio. Prepared by Weller & Associates, Inc. Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
Whitman, Linda G. et al.
1999 Addendum to Phase I Literature Review, Predictive Model, Archaeological and Architectural Cultural Resource Survey for the AUG/LOG-33.26.875/0.00; (PID 16385) Project (in Multiple Townships) in Auglaize, Logan and Shelby Counties, Ohio. Prepared by ASC Group, Inc. Copy on file at the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Columbus, Ohio.
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN: GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
APPENDICES
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN: GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
Appendix A. Historic Mapping
Auglaize
Auglaize
Auglaize Mario
Auglaize Mario
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN: GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
Appendix B. 5-mile (8-km) Literature Review Table
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY,
OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
6842
BELLEFONTAINE-(CITY) Cemetery
6844 BROWN PARK Cemetery
6848 HOUTZ Cemetery
At northeast edge of city. North of TR 183 (Brown Avenue)
In Bellefontaine. 0.2 mile east of US 68. 30 feet north of SR 540
In Bellefontaine. West Sandusky Avenue. At rear of Harmon Field
6849 MAUSOLEUM In BELLEFONTAINE
6851 OLD PRESBYTERIAN Cemetery
6850 POWELL PARK Cemetery
In Bellefontaine. Rear of 410 South Main
In Bellefontaine. Elm Street and Brown Avenue
6852 SWALLOW PLOT Cemetery 0.5 mile south of CR 57. 0.25 mile east of US 68 6853
#1 Cemetery Southwest corner of Bellefontaine
mile west of
24. 0.1 mile north of CR 21
CENTER FAIRVIEW-(FAIRVIEW) Cemetery Southeast intersection of SR 27e and TR 107 6907 FRY-MARMON
Cemetery
of CR 96 and SR 117. On Middle Fork of Miami River
mile north of TR 207. 200 feet west of SR 235
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
6943
6941
LEWISTOWN Cemetery
MICHAEL CARNES Cemetery
One mile east of SR 235. 30 feet north of CR 91
North and east of sharp angle of TR 213
6944 PLUM Cemetery 0.5 mile west of SR 235. 30 feet north of CR 54
6945
6946
6947
ROGER/ROGERS-WRIGHT-(KNIGHT) Cemetery 0.5 mile south of TR 207. 0.25 mile west of TR 24
SURVEYOR Cemetery At angle of TR 213
UNNAMED Cemetery
West of TR 33. South of CR 13. In excavation 11196
DOWDEN-OLD ALLINGER FARM Cemetery
Southeast of Jackson Center. 1 mile south of Wise Road (CR 61). On Strong Road (TR 58) 11197
ELLIOTT-ELM CORNER Cemetery
11200 HOWELL-MONTRA METHODIST Cemetery
One mile north and 1 mile west of Jackson Center. On south side of CR 29 (Lock Two Road)
0.25 mile east of Montra Road and Pasco-Montra Road intersection. On north side of Montra Road
EMMANUEL LUTHERAN-MONTRA-HOWELL Cemetery South of SR 274. East side of Montra. East of CR 16 (Pasco Montra). On south side of CR 30 (Montra Road) Deed includes right of way. Exception to deed noted, deed volume 690, page 177 (1974) and refers to original exception to Benjamin Moore, volume 2, pa
PLEASANT HILL Cemetery
One mile east of Jackson Center. At northeast intersection of SR 274 and CR 59 (Morris-Rose Road)
SEVENTH DAY Cemetery West edge of Jackson Center. On south side of SR 274
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES,
AND
TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present
82003640
SG100005213
AUG0024911
AUG0046811
Emanuel Lutheran Church of Montra Montra Rd
AUG0048911 Carnes House
AUG0049011 Helmlinger House 10941 Valley Rd
AUG0049311 Egbert Barn 10328 Wrestle Creek Rd
AUG0049411 Railroad Trestle, East of Wrestle Creek Rd
AUG0049511 Helmlinger House
AUG0163811
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES,
AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LOG0007716 Russells Park Funland Bridge
LOG0007816 Old United Telephone Svc Bldg
LOG0007916 Wicker's Hotel Northend of Orchard Island Rd
LOG0008002 McKircher House
LOG0008102
LOG0008202
LOG0008302
LOG0008402 House 210 W Buckeye St
LOG0008502 House W Buckeye St
LOG0008602
LOG0008702 Belle Center United Methodist Center St & Main St
LOG0008802 Reformed Presbyterian Church
LOG0009902
LOG0010102 House
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name Location
LOG0010518 House Cor Fruit & Napoleon St
LOG0010618 Methodist Church Cor Fruit & South St
LOG0010718 House Fruit St
LOG0010818
LOG0010918
LOG0011018
Pollock MA & ME House 6477 Fruit St
McArthur Township Hall 6634 Fruit St
Huntsville Presbyterian Church 6490 High St
LOG0011118 Lima St Apartments Lima St Ohio 117
LOG0011218 House Ohio 117 (Lima St)
LOG0011318
McArthur Township Garage Cor Napoleon & Fruit
LOG0011418 Commercial Napoleon St
LOG0011518 The Old Barber Shop Napoleon St
LOG0011618 Vacant Napoleon St
LOG0011718 Huntsville Service Center Napoleon St
LOG0011818 Indian Lake Elementary School Napoleon St
LOG0011918
McPherson WC House 4700 Napoleon St
LOG0012018 Multiple House 4762 Napoleon St
LOG0012118 House 4765 Napoleon St
LOG0012218 Barber Shop 4769 Napoleon St
LOG0012318 House 4917 Rude St
LOG0012418 House SR 274
LOG0012518
Aiken Lakes Campground Coffees Pot US 68
LOG0012602 Belle Center Train Depot Main St
LOG0012702 Purity Feeds Main St
LOG0012802 House Long Lane off of Main St
LOG0012902
Mitchell Robert Stone Building Long Lane off of Main St
LOG0013002 Storage Cor E Main & Center St
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LOG0013102
LOG0013202
LOG0013302
LOG0013402
LOG0013502
LOG0013602
LOG0013802
LOG0014002
LOG0014102 Engine Repair W Main St
LOG0014202 Vacant School St
LOG0014302
LOG0014402 House Walnut St
LOG0014502
LOG0014602
LOG0014703
LOG0020516
LOG0020616
LOG0020716 Lewistown United Methodist Church Cor Eldridge St & CB54
LOG0020816 House CR 54 & Eldridge
LOG0020916
LOG0021016 Lewistown Elevator
LOG0021116 Lewistown Elevator Office
PHASE
AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LOG0021216
LOG0021316 Plum Cemetery Mausoleum
LOG0021406 Vacant/Kerr J House
LOG0021506 Gretna Church of Brethren
LOG0021606
LOG0021706 House
LOG0021806
LOG0021906
LOG0022015 House Troy Rd (TR 56)
LOG0022106 Lynn Farm TR 56
LOG0022206
LOG0022307
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT
MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES,
AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LOG0027007 The Bakery
LOG0027107
LOG0027207 Eicholtz Funeral Home
LOG0027307 Optometrists Office
LOG0027407 Stupp LM Furniture
LOG0027507
LOG0027707 Grace AME Church S Main St
LOG0027907 Memorial Hall NEC Opera & Court
LOG0028507 Church of Christ-Disciples NWC Sandusky/Fountain
LOG0028607 Hare Tom & Jim House
LOG0028707
LOG0028807
LOG0028907
LOG0029007
LOG0029307 House
E Sandusky Ave
LOG0029407 Logan County Historical Society Cor Seymour/W Chillicothe
LOG0029607 Dor Al Daper Water Ave
LOG0029707 AGA Welding Gases/Equipment Water Ave
LOG0033110 Brunner Ed & Pam House
LOG0047802
WASHINGTON,
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LOG0048605 Bloomfield Twp Hall CR 21
LOG0048705 District No 2 School CR 21
LOG0048805 Vacant CR 21
LOG0048905 Vacant CR 21
LOG0049005 Duckworth CS House NWC TR 80 & CR 21
LOG0049105 Plum J House CR 54
LOG0049205 House CR 54
LOG0049305 House/Shroyer D House CR 58
LOG0049405 Rum Creek United Methodist Church SWC CRs 59 & 34
LOG0049505 Vacant/Smith Martin House CRs 59 & 21
LOG0049605 Vacant/Wright Jonathan House SWC CRs 59 & 34
LOG0049705 House/Goick Peter House CR 59
LOG0049805 Storage
LOG0049905 Storage
LOG0050005 Smith John M House
LOG0050105 House
LOG0050205 House TR 34
LOG0050305 Campbell House TR 59
LOG0050601 House 255 Midway St
LOG0050706 Vacant SR 117
LOG0051515 C & LE Railroad Culvert US ROUTE 33
LOG0051616 Rider Property 4960 CR 61
LOG0051716 Simpkins House 8870 CR 91
LOG0051816 Brandt House 5618 SR 235
LOG0051916 Loudenback
LOG0052016 Renick Barn
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LOG0052116 Howard Barn SR 274 E of CR 61
LOG0052216 Thurman House
LOG0052316 Horn House
LOG0052416 Dunn House
LOG0052505 Lenhart House
SR 708
TR 94
TR 94
Hogan Rd
LOG0052605 Wright House Hogan Rd
LOG0052705 Huber House
LOG0052805 Brownler Barn SR 274
LOG0052905
SR 274
Reichert House 11418 SR 274
LOG0053005 Plum House 11714 SR 274
LOG0053105 Wildermuth House 12200 SR 274
LOG0053205
Muchinippi Christian Church N side SR 274
LOG0053305 Pohlschneider House
LOG0053405
LOG0053505
LOG0053605
House
LOG0053705 Shrelkeld House
LOG0053801
SR 274
Everhard House 9545 CR 83
LOG0053901 Stimmel House 12561 CR 87
LOG0054001 Maag Barn 12844 CR 87
LOG0054101 Leatherman House 10917 CR 275
LOG0054201 Morris Barn NWC CR 87 & CR 275
LOG0054301 Comer Barn 15113 Duff Rd
LOG0054401 Plum House
LOG0054501 James-Jarvis Property
Kiesecker Rd
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES,
AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LOG0054701
James-Jarvis Property
LOG0054801 Whitcher House
LOG0054901
LOG0055001
James-Jarvis Property
James-McMillan Property
LOG0055101 Myers House/Rhoads House
W Lake & Jarvis St
W Lake St
LOG0055201 Antram House 11539 Meyers Rd
LOG0055301 Antram Corn Crib 11539 Meyers Rd
LOG0055401 Predmore Barn 11754 Meyers Rd
LOG0055501 Griffen House/Rhoades House 11234 Santa Fe Rd
LOG0055601 AG Boogher & Sons Grain Elevator/Corner Grain Elevator Santa Fe Rd
LOG0055701
LOG0055801
LOG0056701
LOG0056801
LOG0056901
LOG0057801
House
House
WASHINGTON,
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LOG0058118
LOG0058218
LOG0058318
LOG0058418
LOG0058518
Smith House 6443 Findlay Rd
Swonger House 3400 CR 37
Howard Barn W side of CR 95 S of SR 274
Wallace House
Huntsville Cemetery
CR 221
SR 117
LOG0058618 Davis House 6367 SR 177
LOG0058718 Caroll House 6399 SR 117
LOG0058818
Sheter-Brooks Property 3771 SR 274
LOG0058918 White House 4671 SR 274
LOG0059018
Swonguer House 4683 SR 274
LOG0059118 Ragland House 4802 SR 274
LOG0059218
LOG0059318
Diener Barn 5357 SR 274 E
Lockhart House
LOG0059418 Sadler House
LOG0059518 Allen House
LOG0059618
LOG0059718
SR 274
SR 274
Herren-Shaughnessy Propertey SR 274
Pollick-Brice Property SR 274
LOG0059818 Hurley House 6081 SR 274
LOG0059918 Kirkpatrick House 6157 SR 274
LOG0060018 Dunn House N side of SR 274
LOG0060118
Wagner Bldg 6839 SR 274
LOG0060218 Williams House 6950 SR 274
LOG0060318 Tracy Barn
LOG0060418
Sharp House
LOG0060518 Howard House
LOG0060618
SR 274
SR 274
SR 274
TR 95
PHASE
I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR
TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LOG0060718 Tracey House
LOG0060818 Scherer House
LOG0060918
Jackson-Tracy Property TR 95
LOG0061018 Dunn Property
LOG0061118 Harlan Property
TR 95
E TR 95
LOG0061218 Carter House 4845 Vine St
LOG0061301
Abandoned Railroad Bed/Toledo & Ohio Central US 33 to Co Line
LOG0061505 Wildermuth Bldg behind 12568 SR 274
LOG0061601 SEC SR 720 CR 23
LOG0061716 5313 SR 235
LOG0062010
RE-AL Winner Bank Barn/WK Smith Barn/Marion Detrick Barn
LOG0062316 D Dillon Barn/GA Buckenroth Barn
SR 47 W
TR 33 N
LOG0062516 Indian Lake Spillway and Dam SR 366, at S edge of Indian Lake
SHE0100203 First Jackson Center High School 205 W Pike St
SHE0107003 Roy & Judy Zwiebel School 21734 Botkins (and Morris Rose Rd)
SHE0107103 Ted R & Heide Shaw House
SHE0107203 Richard L & Clarabel Schilling
SHE0107303 James & Erma V Paul Store
SHE0107403 Alma Charline Dardio House
W Pike St
SHE0107503 Jackson Center Cmmy-Museum W Pike St
SHE0107603
SHE0107903
Eldon & Elizabeth K Snider House
E Pike St
Bernadine Heintz House SR 65
SHE0108103 Twila Stauffer School SR 65
TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
SHE0108203 Loretta Burton School
SHE0108303 Mildred Hawver House
SHE0108403 Strong Road Bridge
SHE0108603 Harley & Agnes Helmlinger House
SHE0108703
SHE0108803
Rd over Rum Creek
Warren & Zelna Sprague House
Jeffrey & Debra Yinger House S side W Pike St, W of Main St
SHE0108903 Ivan Swinehart House E side Ohio St, S of Clear St
SHE0109003
Wilma L Fergus House
SHE0109103 Ivan S Swinehart House
SHE0109203
SHE0109403
SHE0109503
& Doris Blackford House
SHE0109603 Cecil & Edith Musser
SHE0109703 Elmer P Mann House
SHE0109803 W O Oakley House
SHE0109903 Robert McCormick House
SHE0110003 Donald D Faulder House
Lotz House
SHE0110203
SHE0110303
SHE0110403
& Gillian Maxwell House
Bracy & Bertha Cron House
W College & Ohio Sts
E Pike & Howard Sts
E Pike & Howard Sts
Jackson & N Main Sts
Viola Sprague House Lock Two Rd (21908)
SHE0110503 Roy Klopfenstein House Lock Two Rd
SHE0110803
SHE0111403
SHE0111503
William & Lois Heintz School Botkins Rd
David & Susan Ware Log Cabin
Roger Riley & Adelia House
PHASE
CULTURAL
TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI
SHE0111703
SHE0112103
SHE0112203
SHE0112503
SHE0112803
SHE0113003
SHE0113406
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES,
AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present
SHE0123503 Zwiebel Property
SHE0126103 Detroit, Toledo & Ironton Railroad N of Jackson Center
AUG0033712 Ferman Barnes House Goshen Rd 1 mi E of US 33
AUG0034012 Steve Shobe House abt 13299 CR 271 (McBeth Rd)
AUG0054012 Old Railroad Grade off US 33
AUG0167312 Andrews House 25970 CR 130
AUG0167412 Doty House 13245 CR 271 (McBeth Rd)
AUG0167512 Culp Barn 13394 CR 271 (McBeth Rd)
AUG0167612
HAR0006109
Otha & Carol Manchester House SR 69 W of SR 117
HAR0006909 TR 200 at TR 47
HAR0007009 James & Dorothy Thompson House 18251 SR 235
LOG0009202 Female Seminary Geneva College CR 111 LOG0057001
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES,
AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LOG0057701
SHE0042406
SHE0104003
SHE0104103
SHE0104203
SHE0104303
SHE0104403
SHE0104503
Old Railroad Grade 1200 ft W of US 33
Maplewood School Maplewood Rd
Emanuel Lutheran Church Montra Rd
Keith Maxwell House Cor Arnett Pike & Ohio St
Charles Elsass House
Charles Elsass House
Charles Allinger House Jct Murphy Pike & High St
Arietta Platfoot House Cor Murphy Pike & High St
SHE0104603 Ralph Keller House Murphy Pike
SHE0104703
SHE0104803
SHE0104903
SHE0105003
SHE0105103
Herbert Lyme House Arnett Pike
Citizen Baughman Bank High St
Armetta McBride House Arnett Pike
Bill Korn House Arnett Pike
Lester M Ralston House Arnett Pike
SHE0105203 Wardner Swartz Jr House
SHE0105303
Richard G Williamson House
SHE0105403 William Huber House Murphy Pike
SHE0105503 Harold T Miller House Murphy Pike
SHE0106803
William G Allenbaugh House 14947 Pasco-Montra Rd
SHE0106903 Judy Franklin House Snider Rd
SHE0107703
SHE0108003
SHE0110903
SHE0111303
SHE0112403
SHE0113206
CC & Ruth Johnston School Cor SR 274 & Wones Rd
William & Mary Grubb School Wones Rd
Harry & Johanna Gross House 19130 Wones Rd
Jane Faler Log House 18161 Wells RD
Albert & Cora Wildermuth House RT 1 (Wones Rd)
James Clark House 21121 Maplewood Rd
WASHINGTON,
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name Location
SHE0123603 Gaier Property SR 274 (S Side)
SHE0123703 Helmlinger Property SR 274 (S Side)
SHE0123803 Fogt Property 18317 SR 274
SHE0123903 Metz Property E of 18317 SR 274 (N Side)
SHE0124003 Baughman Property 18472 SR 274
SHE0124103 Platfoot Property 16500 Wones Rd
SHE0124203 Gearing Property 16619 Wones Rd
SHE0124303 Ware Property Wones Rd (Btwn 16700 & 16900)
SHE0124403 Ehemann Property 17121 Wones Rd
AU0244 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0245 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0246 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0247 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0248 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0249 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0250 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0251 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0252 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0253 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0254 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0255 Unnamed Archaeological Site
HR0345 Unnamed Archaeological Site
HR0357 Unnamed Archaeological Site
HR0403 Unnamed Archaeological Site
HR0415 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name Location
LO0001
LO0013
LO0014
Longbreak Mound Group
C.K. Knowlton Kame
Lee Windham Kame
LO0015 Huntsville Kame
LO0018
LO0025
Clyde Meredith Kame
William's Glacial Kame Site
LO0027 Dunn's Pond Mound
LO0028
LO0029
LO0030
LO0031
LO0032
Wolf Mound I
Wolf Mound II
Wolf Mound III
Wolf Mound IV
Nancy Stewart's Grant site
LO0033 Lyles Burials
LO0034
LO0035
LO0042
LO0043
LO0051
LO0053
LO0054
LO0055
LO0056
LO0057
LO0058
LO0059
LO0060
Solomon Town
Bowman Burials
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Zahiller Farm Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LO0061
LO0072
LO0073
Present Name Location
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Muchinippi Creek Council House Site
Lewistown Council House
LO0111 Duff Site
LO0118
LO0137
LO0178
LO0179
LO0180
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0181 Bogan # 4
LO0182 Bogan # 5
LO0183
LO0184
LO0185
LO0186
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0187 Bogan # 10
LO0188
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0189 Bogan # 12
LO0190 Bogan # 13
LO0191 Seneca Council House
LO0192
LO0193
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0194 Bogan # 17
LO0195
LO0196
LO0200
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LO0201
Present Name Location
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0202 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0203 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0219 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0220 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0221 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0230 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0231 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0243 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0244 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0245 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0246 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0247 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0248 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0249 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0250 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0251 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0252 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0253 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0254 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0255 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0256 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0257 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0258 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0259
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0260 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LO0261
Present Name Location
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0262 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0263 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0264 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0265 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0266 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0267 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0268 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0269 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0270 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0271 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0272 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0273 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0274 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0275 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0276 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0277 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0278 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0279 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0280 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0281 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0282 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0283 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0284 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0285
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0286 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LO0287
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0288 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0289 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0290 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
LO0291 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0292 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0293 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0294 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0295 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0296 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0297 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0298 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0299 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0300
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
LO0301 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0302 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0303 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0304 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0305 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0306 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0307 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0308 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0309 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0310
LO0311
LO0312
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LO0313
LO0314
LO0315
LO0316
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0317 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0318 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0319 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0320
LO0321
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Confidential
Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0322 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Confidential
LO0323 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0324 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0325 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0326
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0327 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0328 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0329
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0330 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Confidential
Confidential
Confidential
LO0331 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0332 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0333 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0334 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0335 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0336 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0337
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0338 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LO0339 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0340 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0341 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
LO0342 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0343 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0344 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0345 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0346 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0347 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0348 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0349 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0350 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0351 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0352 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0353 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
LO0354 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0355 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
LO0356 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0357 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
LO0358 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0359 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0360 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0361 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0362 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0363 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0364 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name Location
LO0365 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0366 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0367 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0368 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0369 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0370 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0371 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0372 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0373 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0374 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0375 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0376 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0377 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0378 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0379 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0380 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0381 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0382 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0383 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0384 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0385 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0386 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0387 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0388 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0389 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0390 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name Location
LO0391 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0392 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0393 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0394 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0395 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0396 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0397 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0398 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0399 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0400 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0401 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0402 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0403 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0404 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0405 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0406 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0407 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0408 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0409 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0410 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0411 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0412 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0413 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0414 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0415
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0416 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number
LO0417
LO0418
LO0419
LO0420
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0421 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0422
LO0423
LO0424
LO0425
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0426 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0427 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0428 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0429 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0430
LO0431
LO0432
LO0433
LO0434
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0435 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0436
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0437 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0438
LO0439
LO0440
LO0441
LO0442
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name Location
LO0443
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0444 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0445 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0446 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0447 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0448 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0449 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0450 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0451 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0452 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0453 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0454 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0455 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0456 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0457 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0458 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0459 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0460 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0461 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0462 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0463 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0464 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0465 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0466 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0467
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0468 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LO0469
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0470 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0471 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0472 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0473 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0474 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0475 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0476 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0477 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0478 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0479 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0480 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0481 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0482 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0483 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0484 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0485 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0486 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0487 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0488 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0489 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0490 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0491 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0492 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0493 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0494 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LO0495
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0496 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0497 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0498
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0499 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0500
LO0501
LO0502
LO0503
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0504 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0505 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0506 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0507 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0508
LO0509
LO0510
LO0511
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0512 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0513 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0514
Location Confidential
Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0515 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0516
LO0517
LO0518
LO0519
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0520 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LO0521 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0522 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0523 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
LO0524 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0525 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0526 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0527 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0528 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0529 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0530 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0531 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0532 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0533 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0534 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
LO0535 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0536 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0537 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0538 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0541 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
LO0542 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0543 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0544 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0545 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0546 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0547
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0548 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LO0549
LO0550
LO0555
LO0556
LO0557
LO0558
LO0559
LO0560
LO0561
LO0562
LO0563
LO0564
LO0570
LO0571
LO0572
LO0573
LO0574
LO0575
LO0576
LO0577
LO0578
LO0579
LO0580
LO0581
LO0582
LO0583
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Bellefontaine Site # 2
Bellefontaine Site # 3
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
LO0584
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0585 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0586 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
LO0587 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0589 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0590 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0591 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0592 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0593 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0594 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
LO0598 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0599 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0600 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0601 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
LO0602 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
SH0143 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
SH0144 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
SH0145 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
SH0146 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
SH0147 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
SH0148 Unnamed Archaeological Site Location Confidential
SH0149 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0150 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0151 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0152 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0153 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name Location
SH0154 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0155 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0180 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0181 Ivan Zorn Prehistoric Site
AU0202 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0203 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0205 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0206 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0207 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0208 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0209 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0210 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0211 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0212 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0213 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0214 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0215 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0216 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0217 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0218 Unnamed Archaeological Site
AU0219 Unnamed Archaeological Site
HR0343 Unnamed Archaeological Site
HR0365 Unnamed Archaeological Site
HR0366 Unnamed Archaeological Site
HR0411
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0062 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name Location
LO0063
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0064 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0065
LO0066
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0067 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0068 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0069 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0070
LO0071
Unnamed Archaeological Site
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0177 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0232 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0233 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0234 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0235
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0236 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0237 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0238
Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0239 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0240 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0241 Unnamed Archaeological Site
LO0242 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0137
Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0138 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0139 Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0140
Unnamed Archaeological Site
SH0141 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
OAI/OHI Number, OGSID, or NRHP Reference Number Present Name
SH0142 Unnamed Archaeological Site
Location
Location Confidential
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
Appendix C. Archaeological Sites Previously Recorded within the Project Area Table
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES,
AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
33LO0247 Unassigned
Precontact 14400 Flat area on rise in glacial lakebed
33LO0285 Unassigned
Precontact 375 Rise on the glacial lakebed, 5% slope
33LO0289 Unassigned
Precontact
Rise on the glacial lakebed, 11% slope
33LO0455 Unassigned Precontact 3600 Rise on ground moraine, 7% slope
33LO0469 Late Archaic Precontact 2400 Rise above a wetland on the ground moraine, 9% slope
33LO0471 Unassigned
Precontact
33LO0246 Historic: late 19th Century to 20th Century
750 Rise on the ground moraine, 11% slope
4875 Rise on glacial lakebed
Survey, Subsurface Testing, and Visual
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
site is a lithic scatter containing 1 scraper, 1 untyped projectile point fragment, 14 secondary flakes, and 35 pieces of shatter
This site is a lithic scatter containing 35 pieces of shatter, 15 secondary flakes, 4 thinning flakes, and 1 granite pitted stone
site is a lithic scatter containing 22 thinning flakes, 29 pieces of shatter, and 1 biface fragment
This site is a lithic scatter containing 27 pieces of shatter, 2 primary flakes, and 7 thinning flakes
Yes
33LO0254 Unassigned
Precontact 1 Rise on glacial lakebed
Scatter
Survey, Visual Inspection
Scatter
Survey, Subsurface Testing, and Visual Inspection
This site is a lithic scatter containing 1 piece of retouched shatter, 13 pieces of shatter, 11 thinning flakes, and 1 Brewerton Corner Notched projectile point 26 Yes
This site is a lithic scatter containing 14 pieces of shatter, 17 thinning flakes, and 1 flake fragment 32 Yes
This site is a historic scatter with diagnostic artifacts, including 1 decalomania whiteware sherd and 2 decalomania porcelain sherds (1890 –present), 1 amethyst glass fragment (1880–ca. 1918) and 1 canning jar finish (1919–present). Non diagnostic artifacts include container glass fragments, 1 yellowware sherd, stoneware sherds, plain porcelain sherds, plain Ironstone sherds, plain whiteware sherds, 1 porcelain insulator, and unidentified metal, plastic, and glass fragments.
Survey, Visual Inspection
Isolate This site is an isolate find consisting of one piece of shatter.
56 No
1 No
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
Site Cultural Period
33LO0255 Historic: late 19th Century to 20th Century
on glacial lakebed
Survey, Visual Inspection
Scatter
33LO0260 Unassigned Precontact 1 Glacial lakebed
33LO0284 Unassigned Precontact
33LO0288 Historic: mid-19th Century to 20th Century
Rise on glacial lakebed
3500 Rise on glacial lakebed
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection Scatter
33LO0290 Multicomponent:
Unassigned
Precontact, late 19th Century to 20th Century
33LO0291 Unassigned
1200 Rise on glacial lakebed
Survey, Visual Inspection
33LO0292 Unassigned Precontact 1 Rise on glacial lakebed
33LO0355 Early Archaic Precontact 1 Rise on glacial
Number of
This site is a large historic scatter containing diagnostic artifacts which include 1 decalomania whiteware sherd (1890–present), 1 glass bottle finish (1873–present), 1 glass bottle base (1903–present), 6 glass container fragments (1873–present), amethyst glass (1880–ca. 1918), glass bottle base fragments (1880–1920), yellow tinted glass fragments (1915–present), and glass fragments with applied color label (1934–present). Also represented at this site are large volumes of nondiagnostic glass, 2 bivalve shell fragments, stoneware sherds, whiteware sherds, Ironstone sherds, porcelain sherds, leather shoe fragments, electrical material, and roofing material. 120 No
site is an isolate find consisting of one piece of shatter. 1 No
site is a lithic scatter containing 5 thinning flakes and 7 pieces of shatter
This site is a historic scatter with diagnostic artifacts, including 2 amethyst container glass fragments (1880–ca.1918) and a canning jar wax seal finish (1855–1880). Nondiagnostic artifacts include stoneware sherds, glass bottle fragments, glass container fragments, and glass canning jar fragments.
This site contains both a Precontact lithic scatter and a historic scatter. The lithic scatter contains 2 thinning flakes and 1 piece of shatter. The historic scatter contains 1 cosmetic jar fragment, 2 milk glass fragments, 1 unidentified fragment of glass, 1 molded glass fragment, 11 tinted window fragments, 2 brick fragments, 18 plain whiteware sherds, 3 plain Ironstone sherds, 5 plain porcelain sherds, 3 stoneware sherds, 5 nondiagnostic glass bottle fragments, and 13 nondiagnostic container glass fragments. Diagnostic historic artifacts include 1 bottle fragment (1815–1855), 3 container glass fragments (1880–ca.1918), and a canning jar finish (1919–present).
12 No
54 No
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual
site is an isolate find consisting of one thinning flake.
3 (precontact), 70 (historic) No
No
site is an isolate find consisting of one Kanawha Stemmed projectile point. 1 No
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
Site Cultural Period
33LO0356 Unassigned Precontact 1 Rise on glacial lakebed
33LO0357 Historic: late 19th Century to 20th Century 400 Rise on glacial lakebed
33LO0358 Early Archaic Precontact 1 Rise on glacial lakebed
33LO0360 Multicomponent: Unassigned Precontact, late 19th Century to 20th Century
900 Rise on glacial lakebed
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
This site is an isolate find consisting of one untyped projectile point fragment.
This site is a small historic scatter containing no diagnostic artifacts. Non diagnostic artifacts include 6 glass container fragments.
This site is an isolate find consisting of one Harden Barbed projectile point.
1 No
58 No
1 No
This site contains both a Precontact lithic scatter and a historic scatter. The lithic scatter contains 1 secondary flake and 1 biface blade fragment. Non diagnostic historic artifacts include 1 unidentified glass fragment, 2 brick fragments, 9 window glass fragments, 1 pressed glass dish fragment, 13 plain whiteware sherds, 4 plain Ironstone sherds, 1 molded Ironstone sherds, 7 stoneware sherds, and 2 container glass fragments. Diagnostic historic artifacts include 1 glass bottle fragment (1873–present), 2 aqua container glass fragments (1880–1920) and 3 amethyst glass fragments (1880–ca.1918). 2 (precontact), 46 (historic) No
33LO0365 Historic: 19th Century and 20th Century
110 Glacial lakebed 0% Subsurface Testing, Visual Inspection Building Remnant
33LO0374 Multicomponent: Unassigned Precontact, mid19th Century to 20th Century
33LO0376 Historic: late 19th Century to 20th Century
This site is the remnant of an outbuilding; no artifacts were recovered. 0 No
This historic scatter contains no diagnostic artifacts aside from plain Ironstone (ca. 1860–present). Nondiagnostic artifacts include glass electrical insulator fragments, metal architectural material, window and stone roofing material, stoneware sherds, 1 yellowware sherd, unidentified decorated Ironstone sherds, plain, molded, and decalomania porcelain sherds, and unidentified glass container fragments.
This site is an isolate find consisting of one piece of shatter.
This multicomponent site contains a Precontact lithic isolate, 1 flake fragment, and a historic scatter. Diagnostic historic artifacts include amethyst glass fragments (1880–ca.1918). Nondiagnostic historic artifacts include container glass fragments, stoneware sherds, porcelain sherds, plain whiteware sherds, and window glass.
This site represents the remnant of a structure foundation; limited artifacts were recovered.
51 No
1 No
35 No
3 No
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES,
TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES, BLOOMFIELD, WASHINGTON, RICHLAND, AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
33LO0468 Historic: early 19th Century to 20th Century
on ground moraine
Survey, Visual Inspection
site is a historic scatter with diagnostic artifacts including blue transfer print whiteware (ca. 1820–present), purple transfer print whiteware (1828–present), hand painted whiteware (1850–present), blue edge decorated whiteware (1870–1897), a double ring applied bottle finish (late 1820s–early 1870s), a patent tooled bottle finish (early 1870s–1915), and amethyst glass fragments (1880–ca.1918). Nondiagnostic artifacts include metal architectural material, pig and white tailed deer faunal remains, whiteware sherds, Ironstone sherds, stoneware sherds, glass bottle and container fragments, canning jar fragments, and glass tableware fragments.
Survey,
PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES WORK PLAN FOR THE GRANGE SOLAR PROJECT IN STOKES,
AND MCARTHUR TOWNSHIPS, LOGAN COUNTY, OHIO
33LO0485 Unassigned Precontact 1 Rise on ground moraine
33LO0487 Unassigned Precontact
Rise above creek on ground moraine
33LO0488 Unassigned Precontact 200 Rise on ground moraine
33LO0489 Historic: mid19th Century to 20th Century 1250 Rise on ground moraine
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
Survey, Visual Inspection
site is an isolate find consisting of one piece of shatter. 1 No
site is a lithic scatter containing 1 piece of retouched shatter and 2 pieces of shatter. 3 No
site is a lithic scatter containing 1 thinning flake, 1 piece of shatter and 1 biface base fragment.
This historic scatter contains limited diagnostic artifacts, including a wire nail (1890s–present) and hand painted whiteware (ca.1850–present). Non diagnostic artifacts include a milk glass cosmetic jar fragment, glass window fragments, porcelain sherds, unidentified melted glass, and bathroom tile.
