• The person cannot keep balance while listening to instructions • Begins before instructions are finished • Stops while walking • Misses heel-to-toe • Steps off line • Raises arms for balance • Makes an improper turn • Takes incorrect number of steps If the officer notes two or more clues, it is indicative of having a BAC of .08% or higher.
One Leg Stand The third and final test to be administered is the one leg stand. It is exactly what it sounds like: the person is asked to stand with one foot raised and count by thousands until told to stop. The clues the officer may see are:
• Swaying while balancing • Using arms to balance
• Hopping to maintain balance • Putting the foot down Exhibiting two or more of these clues is indicative of having a BAC above .08%. There are limitations to these tests. First, they were only validated when used to look for signs of impairment for alcohol. However, officers will routinely use them in all suspected DUI cases, even though they have not been studied for use in detecting impairment by drugs. Certain health conditions and medications can also affect the person’s ability to perform the tests. Also, they are not as accurate as one would think. The initial study found that the HGN was only correct in 77% of cases; the Walk and Turn was correct 68% of the time, and the One Leg Stand was correct just 66% of the time. The SFST should merely be used as a guide by officers to assist them in identifying impaired drivers. Any clues they see should be part of a bigger picture and all observations need to be taken into account when making a decision whether to arrest a person for DUI.
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