เมดิคอลไทม์ ฉบับ 407

% *1 % -)0 & # " ( ( ' ( ( +./,

L8IQA<D1/GQY Y8":E$8Y Y/GQ/SEL1G92:D*2E;Y,: ?E0F-Y3T-JL-'CY:D*81-:G'U<9<UE"E: ":C/:<%?E0E:+?J#Y5:VA8,V<9Y15 =J7"F&Y=F:F;D">+WY :A%3;D,":C/:<%?E0E:+?J#Y /G84KV2:F@E::C,D2?K%M;C$+C"::8"E:1N92E9L$:IQA%,IQ8MA;"ABA;WM@U%'E-FY :D26X% #VAL?1AL'F%1N92E9"E:$<2$J8MA;"ABA;W#A%3:CL/=P/9&E"/G83:CL8F1:C,D2N;"Y /GQ3:C"A2,V<94KVL'GQ9<'E)&E"Y Y3:CL/=M;C3:CL/=P/9Y4KVM/1A%$W"E:A1E8D9N;"Y % !

4KVM/1?@3:C'E'E-FYM;C1D"<F'E"E:4KVL"GQ9<#VA%Y:C@<UE%<D1/GQY Y.H%Y Y8":E$8Y YY < 04 29B E- ;D.F>D/ E# M;C;%=H">E#VA8K;Y Y&D%@<D,YP,VM"UYL'G9%O@8UY?%#;EYYM;CY":J%L/58@E1$:YY?I2L1IQA%&E" < 04 6E978W 7:9C-0 I: "E:/GQ3:CL/=P/9P,V:FL:FQ8O@V8GY Y Y Y Y Y Y < 4' !I+?'E" @1#E--W :E7248@7

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

D =D ,!" <, # 4"* #, ' ,4 ? ( 1 <,' ?, 3 !0(: 0 : 4(" ()("AD ,!'@, 5 % , 29B4C0/W 1I+8K F89-E 5 #- . ,! ?, D8D 1 !2 4 D5 3 ,* , &0:( - - +"D4"*6'@ #, &<, + + ,! .&?# !?# $ ( 1 @( - : 6 ,!&? 3&!- ,! - + - , ' , D4"*&!@, +#( ,? ,! . , !*3 . #E9D69+W 49D?7+W!:TRD . : . , "( 3 !0(: 0 : 4(" ()("AD6 &?# !* !# &, ,! &1 D7 @ + !* ,! + !- ,!6'@ + 2@ .: . B ', ,! 0: &1!,3 0:(6'@ !* , 3 @, / 7 @ , /; D4"* . !*3 - + 7 @ 2 1 +

' ?# , .:3 .: # @( D3 ? D !* !# ', 7 DD&<, + , <,!# 4'? , -D ! &!! &, - D <E9E%C8 9C-0O41J:8W;"<W

/: @ ( 3& (4 * , . !*3 - *3& ( ? ( .: !* 1 * !! ,! 5 , 3 !0: ( 0: #

4(" ()("A4'? , -D 3 0:( !* 1 A6 @6'@ ,! # 1 3 !0:( 0: 4(" ()("A ( !*3 $7 .

19E=C. K7,E K#@9W0C: #TD C, !*&- - , . -: /;

& 1D" I000.W L ;"1D" I000.W K -1D" @ 0V@8 9I"K.4A 1E9M,L1G9;YL$A:WL/?(WY 4KVM/1A%$W"E:A1E8D9N;"3:C&SE3:CL/=P/9Y "?,##?,D M.9

L5 &W

,!" B ', , ,! !-5 3 !0:( 0: 4(" ()("A * ?# & + & 1 6'@ !*3 $7 !!"1

3 >,' , ,! + , .: +: 0 7 @3!9# /; D #, 1? +: 4"* ,!3 C 2@ <,6 ,! <, , # 1

3 !0:( 0: 4(" ()("A ( !+ ,"7 +; #!3 C 7 ( ?, ?(3 0:( 4"*3 @ 4 9 D4"*'#+ 3 C % ( ?, -: #?, !*3 $7 * , <,6 ,! + 3 "0:( , ! ,!6 ,! + ,! + B ', 19E=C. 1F K! @E0K-@9W49ER0.W #TD C, , ,! !-5 3 !0:( 0: 4(" ()("A +; 6 !* + 2 - , D4"*!* + 5" ?(7 &@8M%-E;C*0W 9E7!:@"29B2D K -1D"&HQ@ = ,: M(;;GQY M$?L<;;WY @D<@1VE/G83:CL8F1 "?,# 0: !*3 $7 #?,D !*3 $7 9I"K.47?D0!9 M.9

. " , .:5 3 ? '", @, 6 !( $#!!% .: ?, ,D3 C +#( ?, .: . ( !*3 $6 4 3(3 . D .5 ! &!@, ' , . : D. 3 !0( ?, <, , .3: @ 4 9 D4"*&, ,! # 1 (+ !, ,!3 - : / ; ( !- , ,! !-5 3 !0(: 0 : 4(" ()("A ( !* , ! ?, ", B + !* 1 @ .!: 1 4! D ( ?, 7! 9 , D + @( ,! ,! .&?# !?# 4"* ,! + + 6 @ ' , .:3 @ 4 9 D3 ? D ' , ,!'@, <,' ?, 4 ? 1 "(, 1 ?<, #?,D D =D !# +; ,! !+ !1 @( ' , 6'@ + + & , ,! AD 5 3 ,* ,! # 1 ,!5 % ,D& ( 3 (!AD 4"* ,!&? 3&!- ,! , ( 1! - 3 !0:( 0: 4(" ()("A 1 !2 4 D 5 3 ,*&0:( - - +"D ,! !+ !1 !* ,!6'@ 6 ( 1 , , ". 3 !0:( 0: 4(" ()("A5 3 -: ,! .&?# !?# ( 1 3 0:(" ,!3 @, / 3 !0:( 0: 4(" ()("A ( 3 ,# D (. +; ,!3 -: ,%.3 !0:( 0: 4(" ()("A3 C !* <, V@!;D7L:BK0HR@?D.FQ29D (N0;D9>D9K7,E!@:O.7W 5 6'@&( "@( + ,!*3 - 3 >( K2X0!;D7!E,K?P0L:B.99<0BK$4DB-C; @"3JVK F80 2::+E0F"E: #G"@8JUK?0H@!;D79C13E,%@1 @"3JV#C,.TD 3JV@UD0!;9N%V ;E#D9+'D+N0 D9-C,>E0N#9C1.9D1 V@7J:,V;8-0K@"

Cover Story

,!!* , ( 5! ( (+ 3& , 3 09 ( 7#!+ & 5 5! ,&, + 1>6' <@ @6 . + :,3 - <(7 @ :, # 23= &. .# - 3 - 8 / 9 3 - @ @ @4"* - 3 09 ( (.

#< , @ @ + @ &<# ,!!* , 6 <, !*3 $", 7 / ((&3 !3". 4"*4 , ,@ * .8 .!, , " ( @ @ ,!$/ %,4! , "- - 6 7 = - 3 09(@ @ 0 + 3 09(@

@ .!8 * , ( 62< * .39 ? 3 0(9 7#!+& !* 2"3 . # + + 7#!+&5 5! , .8 :,6'=3 - ,! !* , !+9 6' < ( 5! ,!>&6 . 4"*)<(

3 08(@ @ ; .84"=#@@@@ f U.bNEM:?S98Pf[ fA(CN*Af fI:M+HRJ?OA?df f &f)J+8N+(NCHN9NC4CM2<CL.N.: ,P:fCNB+N:W5BJbN+)bJATD,N(*4L(CCA(NC5bN: HN9NC4HS)VIa+.N6O)J+,P:fU(P[BE(M;H7N:(NC4d (NCCL;N5)J+WC*<J5JM(UH;f $ f ,N(U.R\JYECMHW*WC:NHNB?M:9SdXIAaf f % f ! % !$" f fEaNf,:7Q+(DN+5Q( )J+*R:EM:JM+*NC8P[f fA(CN*Af fAP,]N:E: =Tb8P[Y5bCM;(NCBR:BM:,N(=D6CE,8N+IbJ+<1O;M6O (NCEaN6O5U.R\JYECMHW*WC:NHNB?M:9SdXIAaf f 8M[E<CLU8FU?O[A)Q\:7Q+f

f*:fX:,]N:E::P\U<e: =Tb 6O 5 U.R\ J f f CNBXIAa f f *:f W5BAP =Tb U HP B .P EO 6 5b E BWC*<J5JM ( UH;,N(U.R\ Jf fU?O[A)Q\:7Q+f f*:f/Q[+X:,]N:E::P\ U<e:=TUb HPB.PE6O CNBXIAa,N((NC6O5U.RJ\ f f f*:fX:EM:JM+*NC8P[f fA(CN*Af

CNB+N:)aNE)J+I:M+HRJ?OA?df f &fCL;SEaNf,:7Q+EM:8P[f fA(CN*Af f AP,]N:E:=Tb6O5U.R\Jf f8P[APJN(NC<_EBCS:VC+f f*:fVDLAP=Tb6O5U.R\Jf f 8P[Y5bCM;(NCCM(GN,:INBU<e:<(6OVDLJJ(,N(WC+?BN;NDVDbE,]N:E:8M\+HO\:f f*:ff:J(,N(:P\f8M[E<CLU8F,P:BM+AP,]N:E:=Tb8P[H+HMBEaN,L6O5U.R\Jf fV6aBM+ YAaY5bCM;(NCBR:BM:,N(=D6CE,8N+IbJ+<1O;M6O(NC,]N:E:7Q+f f*:ff)4L8P[X:U)6 <(*CJ+?OUFGKaJ+(+VDLANU(cNAP,]N:E:=Tb6O5U.R\Jf f8P[Y5bCM;(NCBR:BM:VDbEf fVDLf f*:f6NAD]N5M;fHaE:X:Y6bIEM:AP,]N:E:=Tb6O5U.R\Jf f8P[Y5bCM;(NCBR:BM: VDbEf f*: f I:M+HRJ?OA?df f &fBM+CNB+N:EaNf8M[E8M\+,P:V=a:5O:XI0aAP=Tb8[PAP)bJATDEaN U*BX(Db.O5ICRJHMA=MH(M;=Tb6O5U.R\JYECMHW*WC:NHNB?M:9SdXIAaf f ,]N:E:7Q+CNEf Zf

f*:fX:,]N:E::P\AP=Tb8P[(]NDM+JBTa@NBX6b(NCU>`NHM+U(66O56NAJN(NCW5BU,bNI:bN8P[ HN9NC4HS)f f*: f )4L8PH[ 7N:(NC4d(NCCL;N5)J+U.RJ\ YECMHW*WC:NHNB?M:9SXd IAaf fX:A43D ITU<_Bf/Q[+U<e:?R\:8P[FT:Bd(DN+X:(NCCL;N5)J+U.R\Jf f8P[5]NU:O:AN6M\+V6a.aE+ (DN+U5RJ:9M:EN*Af<^f fCNB+N:)aNE)J+I:M+HRJ?OA?df f &fCL;SEaNf,:7Q+ EM:JM+*NC8P[f fA(CN*Af fAP,]N:E:=Tb6O5U.R\Jf f8P[ Y5bCM;(NCBR:BM:,N(=D6CE,8N+IbJ+<1O;M6O(NCf

f*:fX: ,]N:E::P\AP=TbUHPB.PEO6,N((NC6O5U.R\Jf f f*:fW5B U-?NLV*aEM:JM+*NC8P[f fA(CN*Af fU?PB+EM:U5PBEfAP,]N:E: =Tb6O5U.R\Jf fCNBXIAa8P[Y5bCM;(NCBR:BM:,N(=D6CE,8N+ IbJ+<1O;M6O(NC8M[E8M\+A43DITU<_Bf f*:f/Q[+X:,]N:E::P\AP=TbUHPB .PEO6,N((NC6O5U.R\Jf f f*: f HaE:CNB+N:H7N:(NC4df " #$ # f! !# f-;M;8P[f f UAR[JEM:8P[f fA(CN*Af f)J+J+*d(NCJ:NAMBWD(f ! f # f ! ' # fICRJf fU(P[BE(M;(NCCL;N5)J+U.R\J YECMHW*WC:NHNB?M:9SdXIAaf fCL;SEaNf8M[EWD(AP,]N:E:=Tb6O5U.R\Jf f8P[Y5bCM;(NCBR:BM:,N(=D6CE,8N+IbJ+<1O;M6O(NCf

5

Cover Story

z=Mzz\uYMlM?dMTd?rbMYMPhvIcHiAfq^z . / zKdpmHvVaNUfMUaM ?b;PXIVY?Kb>]v^>ODcNIa ;c bVz

z=MzTdPKhv \dp >\aU?`IcHiAf^q z . / zjIuU>a mTumHvVNa ;bVUfMUaM?b;PXIVY?Kb>]v^>ODcNIa ;c bV?rbMYMz

z=MzTd=Mm<vIcHiAfq^z . / zKdpTd^b;bVOtYUVgMjV>z z=Mz jX`TdPhvi\dUAdYcI?b;;bVIcHiAfq^z . / z?rbMYMz z=M z VbU>bM\JbM;bVGw<^>z ! z Ua>V`NgYubz ?MJe>YaMKdpz z T;Vb=Tz

zM^;OV`iKZ?dMzTd?rbMYMPhvIcHiAfq^z . / zKdpmHv VaN;bVUfMUaM?b;PXIVY?Kb>]v^>ODcNaIc;bVz z=MzlMz zOV`iKZz mHvj;uzCdOp Mgt zi;b]XdlIvziYdUHMbTz\c>=kOVwz^^\iIViXdUzTbiXiBdUz;aTRhAbz mKUziMObXzZVdXa>;bz\]VaE^iTVc;bzj=MbHbzQVap>iZ\jX`iU^VTMdz \uYM\JbM`=YbTi\dUp >lMOx??gNMa <^>;bVV`NbH<^>iAf^q mYVa\k=kVMb \bURaMLgwl]Tuz z?b;;bVOV`iTcM<^>z! zV`NgYubz?dMTd=YbT i\dpU>^UhulMV`HaN\h>Tb;z<G`KdplMV`HaNShTcSb=jX`KapYkX;Td=YbT i\dpU>^UhuKdpV`HaN\h>zzzzz

z lM\uYM<v^ThXiAc>Xe;i;dpUY;aN;bVV`NbH<^>iAfq^mYVa\k=kVMb \bURaMLgwl]Tuz ziTfp^YaMKdpz zT;Vb=Tz

zmHvTd;bVIdRcTRwiPU jRVuPX;bVZe;[bKb>=XcMc;z z;bVZe;[bjV;zlMYbV\bV;bVjRKUwz LancetzkHU;bVZe;[bjV;iOyM;bVZe;[b<^>Zb\IVb?bVUwz #/z *.z jRKUwPihv AdUp YAbCKb>HvbMkV=V`NNKb>iHcM]bUl?jX`;bVHhjXPhOv Yt U Yc;WI<^>kV>RUbNbXz )*.# #0#.z 2*&.%3)*0z /30*4#,zjX` kV>RUbNbXz #0*4#,z &%*$#,z .*6&23*49zlM;Vg>Ox;;cp>zjX`=G`z HvYU;bVMrb\c>p \u>IVY??b;Kb>iHcM]bUl?ziXf^HjX`^g??bV`<^>=Mm<v ?rbMYMz z=MzKdpJh;\u>IaYmOUa>kV>RUbNbX^hu_apMiMfp^>?b;\>\aUYub?` Ic H iAfq ^ z . / z \u > IVY?Kb>]v ^ >ODc Na Ic ; bViRfp ^ IVY?]b RaMLg;VVT<^>mYVa\;u^kV=HvYUYcLdz 2&#, 4*-&z zjX`z.&84 (&.&2#4*/.z3&15&.$*.(zRNYubz=Mm<vz z=MzTdPXIVY?Kb>]v^> ODcNaIc;bVUfMUaM;bVIcHiAfq^mYVa\k=kVMb\bURaMLgwl]Tuz zBep>\uYM l]Cuz z=MziOyMPhvAbUzPhvIcHiAfq^z . / z\uYMl]CuTd^bUgi@XdpUz zOszPhvIcHiAfq^z z=Mzi=UmOIXbH_apY]MbMzjX`Tdz z=V^N=VaYKdpTd ;bVIcHiAfq^z . / zSbUlM]Thu\TbAc;z^b;bVKdpTdVbU>bMRNmHv Nu^UlM;XguT=Mm<vKdpTdPXIVY?Kb>]v^>ODcNaIc;bVUfMUaM;bVIcHiAfq^z . / zmHvj;uzTdm<vzm^zOYHiTfp^UVub>;bU]Vf^i]Mfp^U ^u^MiRXdUz =Mm<vz z=MzTd^b;bV]bUl?XrbNb;]Xa>?b;iVcpTOtYUmOmHvOV`TbGz zYaMzjX`Kdp\rb=aC;o=f^z=Mm<vKaq>z z=MzKdpTdPXIVY?Kb>]v^>ODcNaIc ;bVUf M Ua M ;bVIc H iAfq ^ z . / z Td S bY`O^HNYTKaq > z nz Kdp Td 6

PXi^;BiVUw=^TRcYiI^VwO^Hz $/-054&%z4/-/(2#0)9z/'z$)&34z ]Vf^z$)&34z ziOyMO;Icz jX`=Mm<vz z=MzTdSbY`jKV;Bv^Mz=f^z SbY`]aYl?XvTi]XYi@dUNRXaMz;bVZe;[bMdqNu>AdqYubziAfq^z . / z Td=YbT=XvbU=Xe>;aNmYVa\k=kVMb\bURaMLgKw ;dp ^u l]vi;cH;bVV`NbH<^> kV=Kb>iHcM]bUl?i@dUNRXaMVgMjV>z]Vf^kV=BbVw\z z3&6&2&z #$54&z2&30*2#4/29z39.%2/-& zlM?dMjPuMHcMl]CujX`_u^>;>lMAuY> Osz= Z z]Vf^iTfp^OV`TbGz zOsKdpjXvYz z ;bVZe;[bKdpz z iOyM;bVZe;[bKb>=XcMc;KdpTgu>Yci=Vb`]wKb> RaMLg;VVT\rb]VaN;bVV`NbH<^>iAf^q mYVa\k=kVMb\bURaMLglw ]Tuz z HrbiMcM;bVkHUzZb\IVb?bVUwz 7/+ "5.(z"5&.zPhviAdpUYAbCKb> HvbM?gXAdYYcKUbjX`kV=IcHIu^j]u>kV>RUbNbXT]bYcKUbXaUz /.(z /.( )&.:)&.z .*6&23*49zlMM=ViBcMi?cMq zTGFX;Yb>Ig>v <^>?dMz jX`=G`zHvYU;bVYci=Vb`]w<v^ThXKaq>HvbMV`NbHYcKUbz<v^ThXKb> =XcMc;z <v^ThXKb>Va>\dYcMc?@aUjX`<v^ThXKb>?gXAdYYcKUb<^>=Mm<v AbY?dMKdpTdSbY`O^H^a;i\Nz z =Mz Bep>XvYMiOyM\TbAc;=V^N=VaY iHdUY;aMKdp^bZaU^UhulMM=ViBcMi?cqMzTGFX;Yb>Igv>zRNYubz=Mm<vz z=Mz KdpiOyM\TbAc;<^>=V^N=VaYMdqz IcHiAfq^z . / z]Xa>?b;iHcMKb> i<vbmOUa>M=V^hu_apMzTGFX]hiOtUziTf^>IvMI^j]u>;bVV`NbH<^>iAfq^z . / zlMV`]Yub>YaMKdpz zLaMYb=Tz zJe>YaMKdpz zT;Vb=Tz

z\uYM=Mm<v^d;z z=MzKdpiOyM\TbAc;<^>=V^N=VaYiHdUYzmTumHvVuYT iHcMKb>mOM=V^hu_apMzjIuIcHiAfq^z . / zlM]XbUYaMIu^Tb]Xa> ?b;\aTPa\;aN\TbAc;lM=V^N=VaYz z=MzKdpVuYTiHcMKb>mOM=V^hu_apMz PX;bV\^N\YMkV=iRcpTiIcTRNYub=Mm<vKaq>z z =Mz KdpiOyM\TbAc; =V^N=VaYiHdUYjX`i=UiHcMKb>mOM=V^hu_apMzmTumHviHcMKb>mOUa>IXbH _aYp ]MbM<^>M=V^h_u Map zIXbH<bU\u>^b]bVK`iXjX`Td;bVXa;X^N=vb \aIYwOtb]XbUAMcHzBep>iOyM?gH;rbiMcH<^>;bVV`NbH<^>iAfq^z . / zjX`mTui=U\aTPa\;aNiMfq^\aIYwIub>znz<^>IXbHj]u>Mdqz ^Uub>mV ;oIbTzTd=Mm<vz z=MzKdNp ^;YubmHviHcMKb>mOUa>kV>RUbNbXj]u>]Me>p lM M=V^hu _ap M lMV`]Yu b >Vu Y TiHc M Kb>mOM=V^hu _ap M lMAu Y >OXbUiHf ^ M LaMYb=TOsKdpjXvYJe>Iv MiHf^MT;Vb=TOsMdqz ;bVZe;[bMdqNu>AdqYubiAfq^z . / z\bTbVJIcHIu^?b;=M\hu=MmHvzzz

z zzzHvbM\JbM;bVGwkV=O^H^a;i\N?b;iAfq^mYVa\k=kVMb\bU RaMLglw ]Tuz zlMOV`iKZmKUziTf^p YaMKdzp zT;Vb=Tz

zMR \g<Tg z \g<RcTbUzOXaH;V`KVY>\bLbVG\g<zjJX><ubYIu^\fp^TYXAMi;dpUY;aN \JbM;bVGwPhvOtYUmYVa\k=kVMb\bURaMLgwl]Tuz zKdpRNlMmKUYubz ?MJe>iAvbYaM^a>=bVKdpz zT;Vb=Tz

zUfMUaM?rbMYMPhvOtYUIcHiAfq^z

Cover Story , - {8J{fE`RHam{ {8J{{gU]RaMevLsVSF`Ef<cn[{ , - {T_SiZRufO`mR[a6{ {{8J{Yu9MUiZvRa:o_JVJMevF`Ef<cn[{ , - {HamOKiJjHSfO`mR7bnJfLxJ{ {8J{{hESMevLsVSF`E f<cn[{ , - {T_SiZRuH^n9{ {8J{fLxJ<_V:aJH^n9ZRE{iJ :o_JVJJaRn {a {8J{fE`JH_9R_:_6fRc[9;9<`9m gU]RaLT]V^F6` _T fE`JH_9jLJ8T[eu\^mJ{YuVJ[a6{ {8J{fE`JH_9R_:_6RDBU Zefu LsSgU]fLxJ8JFT]6eUfEaSV6^JH^9n ZRE{6_TFTV:H_9Zv[9 L@`K^F`6_T{ {8T^n9{iZvMUfLxJKV6 { 7D]HamT_S9_JYG_J6_TDwhT8L[E[^6fYK:_6f<cn[ jVT^ Y h8hTJ_Y_SO^ J Idw i ZRu { { hESWe J Sw L @` K^ F` 6 _T Q_V];d6f;`J{6TR8VK8dRhT8{6T]HTV9Y_I_TDYd7{fRcm[ V^JHa{m {R6T_8R{ {T]KdV_u {F^9n gFuVJ^ Ha{m {p{ {R6T_8R{

{ 6TR8VK8d R hT8jEv Eo _ fJ` J 6_TfNt _ T]V^ 9 8^ E 6T[9 MevhESY_Tf8Tcm[9K`JiJfYvJH_9HamK`JFT9R_:_6fRc[9[eu\^mJ{ LT]fHW:aJ{D{Hu_[_6_WS_JYdVTTDQeR`{ Hu_[_6_WS_J E[JfRc[9{Hu_[_6_WS_Jf<aS9iZRu{Hu_[_6_WS_JQef6lF{gU] Hu_[_6_WS_J6T]Kam{ :o_JVJ{ {fHamSVK`J{MevfE`JH_9gU] Ue6fTc[jEvT^K6_T8^E6T[9H^n9Y`nJ{ {8J{{V^JHam{ { { { R6T_8R{ { Hu_[_6_WS_Jf<aS9T_S{ Hu_[_6_WS_J f<a S 9iZRu { Hu _ [_6_WS_JQe f 6l F { Hu _ [_6_WS_J6T]Kam { Hu_[_6_WS_JE[JfRc[9{ gU]Hu_[_6_WS_JYdVTTDQeR`{ 8^E6T[9MevhESY_T:_6Y_S6_TK`J7[96Vu_9h:VgU];_9<dJ{ {fHaSm VK`J{Mefv E`JH_9gU]Ue6fTc[jEvTK^ 6_T8^E6T[9{:o_JVJ{

{8J { V^JHam{ {R6T_8R{ {OKMevLsVS[_6_Tf7v_jEvF_R J`S_RfO`mR7bnJ{:o_JVJ{ {8J{Ho_iZvTVROKMevLsVSHamRa[_6_T f7v_jEvF_RJ`S_RH^n9ZRE{ {8J{{8^E6T[9jEvHamYJ_RK`J{ :o_JVJ{ {8J{J[6:_6Jan{RaMevLsVSHamRa[_6_Tf7v_F_RJ`S_R jLT^K6_TFTV:T^6X_HamhT9OS_K_U{ { 8J{ gKu9fLxJ hT9OS_K_Uf[6<J{ {8J{hT9OS_K_UT^A{ {8J{[cmJ{k{ :o_JVJ{ {8J{gU]iJ:o_JVJJanjEvO^6T^6X_F^VTVR{ {8J{ [SeuHamhT9OS_K_UT^A{ {8J{gU]hT9OS_K_Uf[6<J{ {8J{ gU]Y^9f6F[_6_TZv[9gS6{ {8J{MevLsVS[_6_TEa7bnJgU] jEv6U^KKv_JgUvV:o_JVJ{ { 8J{ OKMevLsVSScJS^JF`Ef<cn[{ , - {:o_JVJ{ {8J{YuVJMevLsVST_S[cmJHamHT_Kf<cn[ Ham f Lx J Y_fZFd : _6Zv [ 9L@` K^ F` 6 _T{ { LT]6[KEv V S{ ,z{2$,5 { { {8J { ,z{2$,5 { { {8J{ { ,z{2$,5 { { {8J { #$,-3(/20{ {8J { -/-, 3(/20{ { {8J { 1/$.1-"-""20{.,$2+-,( ${ {8J{ { /-,"'(1(0{ {8J { 0-.' /4,&(1(0{ {8J { ' /4,&(1(0{ {8J { -++-,{ "-*#{ {8J { {(,%$"1(-,{ {8J{ { -,0(**(1(0{ {8J{ '(,-3(/20{ {8J{ 4.$/1'4/-(#{ $3$/{ {8J{ ,$2+-,( { {8J{gU]T[YTdLMUFTV:V`J`:;^S{ {8J { YuVJR_FT6_TiJFu_9LT]fHW{ V^JHam{ { R6T_8R{

{ LT]fHW:aJ[[6R_FT6_TUE6_TgOTu6T]:_Sf<cn[ jVT^Yh8hTJ_Y_SO^JIdwiZRu{ {hESLT]6_WLqEfRc[9[eu\^mJ{

Ra6_TS6fU`6fHamSVK`J7_[[6{LT]6[KEvVS{g[Twj<J_{ {fHamSVK`J{j<J_[aYfH`TwJ{

{fHamSVK`J{gU]j<J_f=_fH`TwJ{ {fHamSVK`J{Y_S6_TK`J7[9f=`Jf:`nJHd6Y_S 6_TK`JGb9V^JHam{ {6dRQ_O^JIw{ {gU]Hd6Y_S6_TK`J7[9{ 1' 4{ / &-,{ :JGb9V^JHa{m {6dRQ_O^JIw{ {TVRGb96_TfE`JH_9EvVSTGjP{gU]V^JHa{m {R6T_8R{

{jEvRa6_TLT]6_WLqEfRc[9fO`mRfLxJ{ {fRc[9{iJRDBUZefLsS{jEvg6u{ [eu\m^J{ :c[f:aS9{f[v[h:V{<cm[Lry{ZV96^9{Ua;VJ{:`mJh:V{f;aSJf:aS9{f=aSJfG_{ZV9Yc[{fYaSJZJ`9{ fYaSn V6u_J{gU]f[`J=c[{gU]iZvLT]<_<JYVRZJv_6_6[J_R^SfRc[m [Seiu JHa<m Rd <J{gU] TVRGb9fRc[96Vu_9h:V{J[6:_6J^nJ{RaLT]6_WLqEfRc[9fO`mR{jEvg6u{RDBUfHaSJ:`J { 7D]HamYZT^A[fRT`6_{f7F6_TL68T[9O`fWX\u[969{jFvZV^J{Y_I_TDT^A Y`98hLTw{R_fUf=aS{Y_I_TDT^AY^98RJ`SRfVaSEJ_R{Y_I_TDT^Af6_ZUaiFv{Y_I_TDT^A PqU`LLqJYw{ Y_I_TDT^A[`JhEJaf=aS{>amLdsJ{gU]f8Tc[T^A[[YfFTfUaSi<vR_FT6_TfNt_ T]V^98^E6T[9MevHamRa[_6_Tj7vTuVR6^K[_6_TT]KKH_9fE`JZ_Si:f;aSKOU^J{gU]Ra LT]V^F`fE`JH_9R_:_6fRc[9[eu\^mJ{ 2' , {RDBUZefLsS{ 2!$( {Y_I_TDT^A LT]<_<J:aJ{OTv[RH^9n g:v9fFc[JLT]<_<JZUa6fUaSm 96_TfE`JH_9jLfRc[9[e\u J^m Z_6 jRu:o_fLxJ{OTv[RiZv8V_RT]R^ET]V^9gU]EegUYd7[J_R^SYuVJKd88U{fRcm[fE`JH_9jL S^9YuVJHamfZUc[7[9:aJOTv[RYVRZJv_6_6[J_R^SfOcm[Lt[96^JhT8 { V^JHam{ { R6T_8R{ { 6T]HTV96_TFu_9LT]fHW7[9YZT^A[fRT`6_{ [[YfFTfUaS{gU]NT^9m fWY{Eo_fJ`J6_T[OSOOUfRc[97[9LT]fHW[[6:_6fRc[9[e\u J^m LT]fHW:aJ{LT]fHW[`JfEaSgJ]Jo_iZvLT]<_<JZUa6fUaSm 96_TfE`JH_9jLS^9LT]fHW :aJZ_6jRu:o_fLxJ{gU]f7F6_TL68T[9O`fWX\u[969jEvLT]6_WiZv6_TgOTuT]K_E 7[9f<cn[jVT^Yh8hTJ_Y_SO^JIdwiZRu{ {:_6fRc[9[eu\^mJ{fLxJYG_J6_TDw;d6f;`J Ev_JY_I_TDYd7T]E^KYe9YdE{fOcm[fO`mRLT]Y`HI`Q_OiJ6_T8VK8dR6_TgOTuT]K_E 7[9hT8 { YZT^A[fRT`6_jEvfO`mRR_FT6_TFTV:8^E6T[9Ham{ { YJ_RK`JZU^6HamRaMev fE`JH_9R_:_6[e\u J^m {jEvg6u{=_JPT_J=`Yh6{J`VS[Tw6{U[Yg[Jf:U`Y{g[FgUJF_{gU] <`8_h6{hESS6T]E^KfLxJ{ ++$#( 1${ $ *1'{ (0){OTv[R:^EF^n9{ +$/&$,"4{ $0.-,0${ 401$+{O^CJ_gJVH_96_T:^E6_ThT8{gU]6_TFTV:V`J:` ;^SfOc[m 8vJZ_ f<c[n jVT^Y{gU]jFvZV^J[[6LT]6_WiZvhT8L[E[^6fYK:_6f<c[n jVT^Yh8hTJ_Y_SO^JIdw iZRu{iZvfLxJhT8F`Ef<cn[H_96?ZR_SLT]fQHHam{ {[SeuTVR6^KhT8j7vfZUc[9{j7vU_Y=_{ j7vZV^EiZ>u{ {gU]hT8F`Ef<cn[jVT^YR_TwKVTw6{gU][[68o_fFc[JLT]<_<J fTcm[9R_FT6_T6_TLt[96^JFJf[9:_66_TF`Ef<cn[{hESV^JHam{ {R6T_8R{ { S6T]E^K6_TfFc[JQ^SfLxJT]E^K{ {fO`mRR_FT6_T8^E6T[9MevfE`JH_9{D{YJ_RK`J{ gU]Hu_fTc[

7

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

[ [ [ [N;E?G$G#G9?G/G9*?K$[Q+YN#X[ = 04 [M+<H+[M7[1I[ [ ! [ [[" [

!

" = +9 [9G;Z5[MB5[+F1M1HT;8L[ 1G9ZM.0(;G#M#B9Z[ [

[ [ [ [ @F<@0YG6G%<H(GO9%,H+M(JTB[ B*LQ<9F?<H.8G[7@G<H.8G;F8QCM+;M1H9Z#[N;E@F<@0YG@0X<8Q<9F?.IS ?F74F0/Z#F1#G9M#H+7EM9R&[?-G1F0<H'F87EM9R&N@X&M8B970I[ ?@4F0/Z ?G/G9*9F)M8B970I = +9 9G;Z5[ MB5[ +F1M1HT;8L[ 1G9ZM.0(;G#M#B9Z[ h BP?E0N< :P\ W 77U7c < h /R K h -NDGQ - HNU-P\ C F-M = F01D2P FO 8 .K0YFDM I 8M = KM - UI=3P h % ( ( 'h h &)'h JDRKh h h <^NY>ITcK0/e/FNBDTdX<-ND@M5<N CN8dN<YFDMI:P\BP>DLIO:;OAN@IT0hBP/FNB1^NU@NLhVEL>EK7AMChh h JEM0-ND/d<@=U2RK] YFDMI8M=KM-UI=3PX<>`h@ G hU>g<UFEN-FcNh h>`h:P<\ -M FO:CNGNI8DeYBcINBND9VC-U2RK] 7M0-EcNF7dFCU3EEeU@NLUEPC] 0hh 8

G =NDeU:<2EN-U-KDeVEL/6LhY7d/d<@=FO;PU@O\B1^N<F<U2R]KYFDMI<P]X< U3EEeU@NLUEP]C0hVELIDdN0V==1^NEK02O]<IcF<@M<;S-DDB.K0YFDMIY7dh :^NXJdU>_7WK-NIX<-ND/d<JNIND1^N<F<BN-:PI\ NBND9U>g<CN8dN<YFDMI 2<O 7 <P] Y 7d K Cc N 0DF7UD[ F h h KP - :M] 0 CM 0 /d < @=2O] < Ic F <.K0W>D8P < :P\ Y Bc BP W/D0IDdN0h UK<UKIh hh3Q\0IDdN0UK<Y3BeW>D8PUKI.K0YFDMIhhVEL@=FcN U>g<U>bNJBNCI^N/M4.K0CN:PI\ NBND98dN<U2RK] <PY] 7dhh?E-NDGQ-HN<P<] N^ Y> ITc-ND@M5<NCN8dN<YFDMI8M=KM-UI=3PDSc<XJBch :P\UDPC-FcNh7PUKUKh h & (h ( # h #( * & " h:PI\ NBND9DM-HN?T>d Fa C:P8\ 7O U2RK] YFDMI8M=KM-UI= 3PV==UDR]KDM0hXJdJNCY7d9Q0DdKCELh hW7CBP?E.dN0U/PC0<dKCE0 h >f11S=M<BPBN--FcNh hEdN</<:M\FWE-h:P\8O7U2R]KYFDMI8M=KM-UI=3P V==UDR]KDM0hVEL<^NY>ITc-NDU>g<WD/8M=V.[0VELBLUD[08M=hh:^NXJdBP?TdUIPC 2PFO81N-WD/7M0-EcNF>DLBN6h hVI</<hX<V8cEL>` h KCcN0YD-[8NBhCN7M0-EcNFCM0BPDN/NIT0hhV8c7Fd CU>bNJBNC:P1\ LE7 -NDV@DcDL=N7.K0YFDMI8M=KM-UI=3Ph h1Q0Y7dBP/FNB2cFCUJERKI^NJDM= >DLU:GCN-1<h:^NXJdBP>DL2N-DU.dN9Q0-NDDM-HN7dFCCN7PUKUKhY7dU@O\B .Q]<1N-h hEdN</<h9Q0h hEdN</<hX<2cF0>`h @ G h hhVEL .6L<PB] KP -P JENC>DLU:G:MF\ WE-:PB\ WP /D0-NDXJd-NDDM-HN7dFCCN7PUKUK V-c?>Td Fa C:P8\ 7O U2RK] <Ph] hI^NJDM=>DLU:GY:ChI^N<M-0N<JEM->DL-M<IS.AN@ Y7d8cKDK0DN/NCNE0-FcNDdKCELh hVEL=DD1SCN<P]X2dX<=M42PCNJEMVJc02N8Ohh:^NXJd/<Y:C:S-IO:;O>DL-M<IS.AN@VEL>DL-M<IM0/BX2dI:O ;O -NDDM-HNY7d h G =NDeU:<2EN-U-KDeh hBP?E0N<FO1MC8P@OB@eX<FNDINDFO2N-ND 2M<] <^NBN--FcNhh hUDRK\ 0hhVELY7dD=M DN0FME8cN0hZhBN-BNChKN:OhhDN0FMEh $ &(h $ h + & h h '! & ! ,h + & h hVELh

)%'p '!. p p<lLI1LVHH[k2HUdA`A/VJMY/NV^KT1lAEB?Xd OfV1U70R2pM <J pJVKmFp]RFp<UB]BWeKI\ppBVJm]?A5KV/]/RJmpp?fV`Pl OVHVJ>JU/NV_J1=W<]5ZeRaLJUO=UBRU/]OB6Xp ?Xd]CoARUA=JVI>Y25XLW=p ?fV`PlOVHVJ>5kLI5XLW=D\lCiLIa<lPKVIKlVA1A?UdL_K/pp

!

( ! 3 '/ : 3# 0 : : : : (.) %. .%$9). .5% / 7+:4&,". '/ .'/ -$ &/ / :'/ $.&-$ )1 ".!4&,3' (.) %93 %8+ ::#*.'/ $.&-$&+ + :)*%. +. . - %: ( ! 3 '/ :3# 0: :a<l?fV/VJMY/NVLW3UI]/XdIL/UB_J1JW<OX<L2 =VHV/LkVp pChp_J1JW<OX<L2=V]CoA/VJ=W<]5ZRe 0R2=V?X?d Vf `Pl=VBR< a<lBkRI?XdO[<p_<I]/W<3V/]5ZeR^B1?X]JXI?Xd5ZdRLkVp1KVHW]<XIp?JV_1HV =WOp " #- ! p)' %# )!( p6Y2d ?fV`Pl=VBR<PJZR]/W<1LVHEW/VJ ?V2OVI=Va<lHV/>Y2ChKTp pKlVA1A?ULd _K/p/VJ=W<]5ZRe ^EJk/JT3VI a<l _ <I/VJOU H DU O /U B OVJ1U < PKUd 2 3V/=VPJZ R 3H\ / 0R2D\l ?Xd =W < ]5Ze Rp _<I]4EVT`ACJT]?M/fVKU2EU:AV?XHd OX 0[ RAVHUIaHk<pX CJT5V/JRVMUI RI\kRIkV2PAV^AkAp^KTaHkHX^PKk2AlfVOTRV<?Xd]0lV>Y2a<l]EXI2ER p AUB=Ue2^=kChpE M

p]CoA=lAHVpM ]HBX^KT1;Tpa<lMY/NV `AEZeA?Xd0R2CJT]?M^/H]BXI^KT^?A6V]AXIpp^KT1lAEBLkV/VJ =VBR<3V/_J1JW<OX<L2=V]/W<3V//VJ=RBOAR20R2G\HW1[lH/UA JkV2/VI=kR/VJ=W<]5ZRe ^B1?X]JXIpp`AChpE M

pa<l^O<2LkV/VJ`Pl IV]R6W_?JHUI6WAp .!) '%#- !$ p]EXI2p p1JUe2pOVHVJ>JU/NV_J1 JW<OX<L2=VRIkV2a<lDKpp3Y2a<lH/X VJMY/NV^BBEP[O>VBUAp]EZRd ^O<2 `Pl]PcALkV/VJ`PlIV<U2/KkVL`A5[H5A^BBCJT3fVChpOVHVJ>K</VJ ^EJk/JT3VI0R2_J1AXea<lp <U2AUeAp3Y21lAEBLkV/VJ`PlIV]R6W_?JHUI 6WAp^BB1JRB1K[HCJT5V/J3fVALAHV/pOVHVJ>5kLI/fV3U<_J1AXe `PlPH<aCa<l`A>WdA?Xd]CoA^PKk2JTBV<0R2_J1 p DK2VALW3UIAXeAfVaCO\kA_IBVI0R2R21m/VJRAVHUI_K/p?Xd3T /fV3U<_J1JW<OX<L2=V`PlPH<aC<lLI_CJ^/JH]6Fp pCJT/RB <lLIp /VJ1LB1[H_J1_<I/VJDkV=U<p (*' '- p /VJJU/NV^BB 1JRB1K[H<lLIIVC8W5LX ATp $)! !%)! pOk2]OJWH/VJKlV2PAlVp p , ( !$ p^KTp/VJCJUBCJ[2OW2d ^L<KlRH^KTO[0RAVHUIp $+!'%$ # $) p _<IHX/VJ`PlIV]R6W_?JHUI6WA>Y2p p KlVA_<Op OfVPJUB CJT5V5A`Ap pCJT]?MpJTPLkV2Chp E M

p0;TAXeHXp

pCJT]?Mpp?XdJVI2VALkVOVHVJ>/fV3U<_J1JW<OX<L2=V`PlPH<aC a<lOfV]Jc3^KlLp R21m/VJRAVHUI_K/a<l=Ue2]CjVPHVI?Xd3T/fV3U<_J1 JW<OX<L2=V`PlPH<aC3V/Cn7PV?V2OV@VJ;O[0p^KTaHk]CoAOV]P=[ 0R2=VBR<`A?[/CJT]?M?UdL_K/GVI`AChpE M p M ]HBXppHXDK2VALW3IU =XEHW Em`ALVJOVJLW5V/VJ5UAe AfV/LkVp p ]JZRd 2p^KTa<lJBU JV2LUK=kV2pbp]/XId L/UB/VJMY/NVCn7PVO[0GVE`A]0= JlRAppJLH>Y2a<lJUB/VJ^=k2=Ue2`Pl]CoAp %## $ 'p% p) p '!)!( p #&!' p p_<IOH]<c3EJTJV5WAAX V>]RKW6V]B@?Xpd p^Pk2OPJV5 RV;V3U/Jp`AChp E M

p3V/DK2VA/VJ`PlBJW/VJ]EZdREU:AV

O[0GVE`A]R]6XI^KT^RFJW/Vp<lLI1LVHEIVIVH`A/VJMY/NVLW3UI ]EZRd 1LB1[H^KT/fV3U<_J1JW<OX<L2=V?X?d Vf `Pl=VBR<0R2pM AE ]<LW<p ]HBXppOk2DK`Pl1[;GVE5XLW=0R21APKVIKlVA1A?UdL_K/<X0YeA p JV2LUKOH]<c3]3lVFjVHPW<Kpp]CoAJV2LUK?XdEJTBV?OH]<c3 EJTBJH5A/V@W]BMJpHPVG\HEW KR<[KI]<5HPVJV5pBJHAV>BEW=Jp ?J2EJT/J[;V_CJ<]/KlVSpppEJTJV5?VAEJTBJHJV5VA[7V=`Pl 3U<=U2e 0YAe p]EZRd >LVI]CoAEJTJV5VA[OJ;m^<kOH]<c3EJTHPW=KV@W]BMJ R<[KI]<5LW/JHp EJTBJHJV55A/p `A_R/VO3U<2VA]4KWH4KR2p pCh^Pk2/VJEJTJV5OHGEpp pH/JV1Hp

ppp<fV]AWA2VA_<I H\KAW@JW V2LUKOH]<c3]3lVFjVHPW<Kp`AEJTBJHJV5\C>UHGmppp6Y2d OH]<c3 EJT/AWN9V@WJV5]3lVp/JHOH]<c3EJT]?EJU=AJV5O[<VSpOIVHBJH JV5/[HVJXp?J2]CoAR21mCJT@VAppHRBJV2LUK`Pl^/kB1[ 1KPJZRR21m/J ?UdL_K/?XdHXDK2VA<X]<kA]CoACJT_I5Am=kRHLKHA[NI5V=Wp ?V2<lVA /VJ^E?Imp pJV2LUKpp^KT<lVA/VJOV@VJ;O[0pp pJV2LUKp]CoACJT3fV ?[ / Ch = KR<HVp p ^=k K TJV2LU K CJT/RB<l L Ip ]pP JX I 7JV2LU K pp CJT/VMAXIBU=Jpp^KT]2WAJV2LUKpp pp]PJXI7OPJU9 p ]LKVp pA p`ALUA]<XIL/UApEJTBV?OH]<c3EJT]3lVRI\Pk LU p ?J2EJT/J[ ; V_CJ<]/Kl V Sp `Pl O H]<c 3 EJT/AW N 9V@W J V5]3l Vp /JHOH]<c3EJT]?EJU=AJV5O[<VSp OIVHBJHJV5/[HVJXp ]O<c3Sp ^?AEJTR21maC`A2VAEJTJV5?VA]KXeI2RVPVJ1kfVp]CoA]/XIJ=W^/k D\al <lJBU EJTJV5?VAJV2LUKOH]<c3]3lVFjVHPW<KpCJT3fVChpE M p p EJlRH1\kOHJOp ;p EJT?XdAUd2BJHJV5O>W=IH_PQVJp `AEJTBJH HPVJV5LU2 AR/3V/AXep H\KAW@WJV2LUKOH]<c3]3lVFjVHPW<Kp `AEJTBJH JV5\C>UHGmp a<l3U<`PlHX/VJCJT5[HLW5V/VJAVAV5V=Wp JV2LUKOH]<c3 ]3lVFjVHPW<Kp=kR3V/EW@EX JTJV5?VAJV2LUKOH]<c3]3lVFjVHPW<Kp_<I 3T3U<]CoA/VJCJT5[H]5W2A_IBVIp ]EZdRAfVHV]CoA0lR^ATAfV^/k CJT]?M=kV2pbp`A/VJ<fV]AWA/VJ]/XdIL/UBO[0GVERAVHUI0R2HLK HA[NI5V=W0R2_K/p _<I`AChAXeOH]<c3EJT/AWN9V@WJV5]3lVp /JH OH]<c3EJT]?EJU=AJV5O[<VSpOIVHBJHJV5/[HVJXp CJT@VAH\KAW@W JV2LUKOH]<c3]3lVFjVHPW<Kp`AEJTBJHJV5\C>UHGmp ]O<c3Sp]CoAR21m CJT@VA`AEW@X]Cg</VJCJT5[HLW5V/VpJAVAV5V=Wp CJT3fVChp JV2LUK OH]<c3]3lVFjVHPW<KpCJT3fVChp

p`ALUAM[/Jm?Xdp pH/JV1Hp

p ;p]6cA?VJVp^/JA<m^KTBV2/R/1RA]LA5UA]6cA]=RJmp]6cA?JUK]LWK<mp _<IJTIT]LKVp pCh?DdX Vk AHVppHXB1[ 1KPJZRR21m/Ja<lJBU JV2LUK ^KlL?U2e OWAe pp pJVIppHX1Aa?Ia<lJBU EJTJV5?VAJV2LUKOH]<c3]3lVFjV HPW<Kp pJVIpa<l^/kp p( ! %,) 9: : 28 / .p3V//VJMY/NV DK/JT?B0R2]5ZRe aLJUO]<c2/X=d Rk 1LVHEW/VJ0R2JkV2/VI]<c/?XCd Li I<lLI _J1a0l]KZR<RR/p^KTp( ! )1 / %.:: /##. / $9:3V//VJ3fV^A/ 1LVHJ[A^J20R2_J1a0l]KZR<RR/ppa<lJBU EJTJV5?VAJV2LUKOH]<c3]3lV FjVHPW<KpOV0V/VJ^E?ImpCJT3fVChp

p^KTp ! '/' - 9::5% !/ $. % D\Jl ]W JWHd _1J2/VJOk2]OJWH/VJ`5l>2[ IV2RAVHUIp p5kLICjR2/UA/VJ ^EJk/JT3VI0R2_J1]R<Omp p^KTp .$#0 -$::'0%,6' $,:pD\lJW]JWdH LW@/X VJOZRd OVJJ;J21m]DI^EJk/VJ`5l>2[ IV2RAVHUIpa<lJBU EJTJV5?VA JV2LUKOH]<c3]3lVFjVHPW<KpOV0V/VJ/VJOV@VJ;O[0pCJT3fVChp

p

9

r Jao f Bo PZ H KPYP[<E[GP[:RZ Q UNbBg ; b;o [ Lm [ NV\ B Qr r P[Or BP rN[Pp7[bPgEr<[Gr;[7XnW:7:rbIqGJaoE]he<oR\<[7[PImW:7ZGcQY 9RH9`N7[PPYH[B8W:b<_iWfRPZUr r eGXnW:7:r CnWN[fBoPZH Cj[cVGn:JaoWj[GRO7[PW:9p7[PWG[NZOdQ7r rcQYW]7r rP[O CnWN[rfBoPZHP[:RZQdGbHQrfBoc7nrrr - 9%*5;? 8 (.>? (39 +? ;[7IPYbESWWUbCPbQ]Or fBoPZH KPYP[<E[GP[:RZQUNbBg;b;o[Lm[NV\BQr U[8[7[PU[F[PAU`8r IPY;j[Ikr

r ;[77[P9oGKHb<_iWcH9E]bP]Or bXQ\d9cH9bCWPpr fKQWP]hr bIqGU[bVC`8W:dP97PYbK[YW[V[PbIqGcJQrrCnWN[fBoPZH P[:RZQdGbHQrU[8[7[PcKEOpreGIkr rBoRO7[P9oGKHbB]OR7ZGr - 8 5)*"4 6 ? $& 03*2+!>? ? 2,*>? 8038 =$r ;[7UVKZGFp U[F[PAPZ?bOWPNG]r fBoPZHKPYP[<E[GP[:RZQUNbBg;b;o[Lm[NV\BQr U[8[7[PcKEOpr IPY;j[Ikr r ;[77[P9oGKHb<_iWfRPZUE]hbIqG U[bVC`8W:NYbPg:I[7NBQa7rrCnWN[fBoPZHP[:RZQdGbHQrU[8[7[P cKEOprIPY;j[Ikr r;[77[P9oGKHbB]OR7ZGrr - 3:" 4? ?:/(7*1?;[7IPYbES>]hI`lGrrfBoPZHKPYP[<E[G P[:RZQUNbBg;b;o[Lm[NV\BQrU[8[7[PcKEOpr IPY;j[Ikr rr;[7

JQ:[G7[PS^7T[R\;ZO;`Q<]K<G\BVG^h:r<_hWrUbCPLdCNZO=]UbWbRWPp N\C\Q\Cr;GU[N[PDUZ:b9P[YVpO[r)4%0+%#2),re<oPZ7T[cQYImW:7ZG dP9C[HWB;[7KO[F\cQYdP9bEo[<o[:r CnWN[fBoPZHP[:RZQdGbHQr U[8[7[PcKEOprIPY;j[Ikr r;[7JQ:[GbB]OR7ZGrr - "7? :),:),?;[7U[F[PAPZ?IPY<[<G;]GrbIqGUN[<\78W: 7Q`Nn r#(),!r#--.%0!2)4%r0%1%!0#(r'0-3.r-,r/),'(!-13r!,$r )21r$%0)4!2)4%1r!1r!,2)+!*!0)!*1rrfBoPHZ KPYP[<E[GP[:RZQUNbBg; b;o[Lm[NV\BQrU[8[7[PcKEOprIPY;j[Ikr

r;[77[PS^7T[U[PU7ZB <\:bX[=a;GU[N[PDKZ@G[bIqGO[PZ7T[dP9N[Q[bP]OrCnWN[fBoPHZ P[:RZQ dGbHQrU[8[7[PcKEOprIPY;j[Ikr r;[77[PS^7T[bB]OR7ZGrr 8 /*>8 * /*5? &/+? ,4$8#/*>? JaofBoPZHKPYP[<E[GP[:RZQ UNbBg;b;o[Lm[NV\BQrU[8[7[PcKEOprIPY;j[Ikr r;[77[PKZ@G[ bE9dGdQO]eG7[PUPo[:cQYBZBcIQ:dNbQ7`Q8W:cWGC\HWB]eVoN] IPYU\EF\M[KUa:cQYN]9R[NbIqGU\h:cIQ7IQWNQBQ:r ,2)"-$5r 3+!,)6!2)-, rGj[fIUan9R[N7o[RVGo[eG7[PKZ@G[O[7Q`nNeVNn ;[7<]RdNbQ7`Q=^h:N]IPYdO<GpWOn[:N[7eG7[PPZ7T[dP9rrCnWN[fBo PZHP[:RZQdGbHQrU[8[b9N]rIPY;j[Ikr r;[77[PKZ@G[bB]OR7ZG

)0 +/*,'3!5 3 90&80'-1!* $). 60$7 ,0 0 0)4%"(:

- !* ?*3+>'?8/'?!2%8%4<+)7??%3*>8#$ +3 8 /*>?VZRVGo[M[9R\<[dP9C\Bb<_iWrWAafRPZU R\EO[rNV[R\EO[QZOfXbBQbH\Pp7rcQYVZRVGo[VGnROfRPZUE]hUZNKZGFp7ZH7[Pb7\BNYbPg:r UD[HZGR\;ZONYbPg:cVn:bOWPNG]rUVKZGFpU[F[PAPZ?bOWPNG] ? ? ? ?

? ? %!$r-&r2(%r %.!02+%,2r &-0r ,&%#2)-31r )1%!1%1 r -*%#3*!0r )0-*-'5 r ,)4%01)25r-&r %)$%*"%0' r %!$r -&r2(%r )4)1)-,r-&r )031 11-#)!2%$r !0#),-'%,%1)1 r %0+!,r !,#%0r %1%!0#(r %,2%0 r %0+!,5r

)0 +/*,'3!5 3 90&80'-1!* $). 60$7 ,0 0 0),0#0) ,2

- $& ?8!,4!?8(%5??S[UCP[;[POpU[8[dP9C\BCnWrM[9R\<[R\;ZO9Q\G\7r R\EO[QZOU`8M[KcQYbR<S[UCPpb8CPoWGrrNV[R\EO[QZOQWGBWGrUVP[<W[A[;Z7P ? ? ? r 0-&%11-0r-&r -++3,)#!"*%r )1%!1%1 r *),)#!*r %1%!0#(r %.!02+%,2 r -,$-,r #(--*r-&r 5')%,%r r 0-.)#!*r %$)#),%r ,)2%$r ),'$-+

10

Journal Watch

Kirsten E. Fleischmann

!* % * ( " " ) ( * * # & " # ( " $ * " '

" * $ j CQIOMPI[1MgN0>=X9g=LP_=AHR`Ij (& !j & !! ( $# j j YHOZF/MHN8XHUN8Y80Z/ZF=QFSj $&$# &,j &( &,j ' ' j DP-1OX-R8.T=` FfID-P=jY9fXFQ1O[3gEQ9gQ=-QFY.^09PI.N0XHUN8j #( $ )! #(' jYHOEQ9gQ=X-H^8XHUN8j #( %! ( ! ( j[Mg8S;S_LV8\8gNEfQ0\F XAU_NLFgQ0LD8VHFOMIfQ0@H-QFNN-G;<Ra.N0EQ-P>/IQDXLS_E09fNCQIO XHUN8NNj XAU_N9N>/bQ:QD=S`[=@Wg?dIEj j4T_0X-R8DSNQ-QFXDU_NXF^Ij]j=S`j /7O@WgIR1PE\8gLFFMQ@Wg?dIEj j /=j ;S_DSCQIOMPI[1MgN0>=X9g= LP=_ AHRI` YHODSNQ-QF.N0MHN8XHUN8Y80Z/ZF=QFSX2SE>AHP=jMFUNDS-QF FP - KQZF/MHN8XHU N 8Z/ZF=QFS @f Q =LQELI=j & )( # $)'j $&$# &,j #( &* #( $# j jFOMIfQ0j jLP?8QMh-fN=M=gQ j =N-1Q-1O[Mg@Wg?dIE\8gFP>j # ($&j LfI=[M5fj /UNj !$% $ & ! jYHgIjEP0DS-QFLVfD@Wg?dIEj j/FP`0j[Mg\8gFP>EQj % + #j MFUNEQ9gQ=IR9QDR=X/j * ( " #j j #( $# '( j jYHO\8gFP>EQj '% & #jMFUNEQMHN-jjA>IfQj;P0` CQIOXHUN8NN-;SD_ =S EP LbQ/P5;Q0/HR=-R YHO@HHPA<hFID.N0-QFX.gQFP>-QFFP-KQ9PI[=ZF0AEQ>QHMFUN-QFXLSE 3SIR98gIE-QF[3gEQj % + #j ?FQ-6=gNE-IfQEQj j j YHOEQj '% & #j;bQ[MgDSXHUN8NN-DQ-.T`=jZ8E\Df\8g;bQ[Mg-QFFP-KQMPI[1YHO MHN8XHUN8\8g@H8S.T`=NEfQ0DS=PELbQ/P5 j 8P0=P`=j -QFFP-KQ8gIEEQj j .=Q=j /UNj EQj % + #j -P>j # ($&j[Mg-QFLD8VH;S_8S;S_LV8FOMIfQ0@H8S-P>@HXLSEjj-QF FP-KQ8gIEEQj j3=R8j;bQ[MgDSCQIOXHUN8NN-DQ-.T`=Z8E\Df\8g[Mg@H8S 9fNMPI[1YHOMHN8XHUN8jYDg@XWg .SE=>;>FF7Q<R-QF1OX3UN_ IfQj-QFFP-KQ 8gIEEQj j3=R8jNQ1XMDQOLDLbQMFP>@W?g Id E;SD_ /S IQDXLSE_ 0LW0X2AQO>Q0 /=-^9QDj " " " " " " ! " " " " "! " j j [=-QFJT-KQ;8HN0X3R0LVDNS-3R`=M=T_0j/7O@WgIR1PE\8g9FI1-QF FP-KQ8gIEEQ9gQ=-QFY.^09PI.N0XHUN8[=@Wg?dIEj j j /=j ;S_ X?i= jXFU`NFP0j \8gFP>-QF@fQ9P8>QEAQLMHN8XHUN8Z/ZF=QFSj MFUNj jNEfQ0=gNEj j?c-fN=M=gQjMFUNX?i=ZF/4T_0\8gFP>-QFFP-KQ8gIEEQ jj [Mg@?Wg Id E\8gF>P EQj& * &$+ #jNEfQ0X8SEIjMFUN\8gF>P EQj& * &$+ #j Ff I D-P > EQ9g Q =X-H^ 8 XHU N 8j YA;Eh X HU N -EQj '% & #j MFU N j # ($& jj

j 7jXIHQj j?cjA>IfQj-QFFP-KQ8gIEj& * &$+ #jNEfQ0X8SEI DS/IQDLPDAP=<h->P NQ-QF.N0ZF/MPI[1YHOMHN8XHUN8jYHO-QFXLSE 3SIR9;S_=gNEH0YHOCQIOXHUN8NN-FV=YF0;S_H8H0jXDU_NX;SE>-P>-QF FP-KQ8gIEEQj j3=R8jYL80[MgXM^=IfQj-QFFP-KQ8gIEEQ3=R8X8SEIj/UNj EQ9gQ=-QFY.^09PI.N0XHUN83=R8FP>?FO;Q=4T_0NN-G;<RaZ8E9F0j XASE0ANLbQMFP>@Wg?dIEj j;S_j jXFU`NFP0j NEJM JW Gen Med " " "! " " " "

j [=?cj j/7O@WIg 1R EP \8g9FI1LN>NS-DR9MR =T0_ .N0-QFFP-KQj j/UNj-QF-bQM=8XIHQ[=-QF-FO9Vg=XAU_N?FP>-QFX9g=.N0MPI[1j & $* &' $# j[=@Wg?dIE1bQ=I=j

j/=j4T_0DS-QF=bQ9PILf0Y@=2V-X2R=8gIEj j;S_XFR_DDSNQ-QFDQYHgI=gNE-IfQj j3P_IZD0j j DS-QFLVDf [Mg@?Wg Id E\8gF>P -QF-FO9V=g XAUN_ ?FP>-QFX9g=.N0MPI[1 8gIEXCLP3IR;EQMFUN\BBeQ9P`0Y9fYF-MFUN\8gFP>-QF-FO9Vg=XAU_N?FP> -QFX9g=.N0MPI[1j7j j3P_IZD0MHP0XFR_DX-R8NQ-QFjA>IfQjNP9FQ-QF X9g=.N0MPI[1?-9Rj ' #)'j& ,( " j7j jLP?8QMhjXMDUN=-P=;P`0[= -HVf D ;S_ [ Mg E QY9f XFR_ D YF-YHO-HVf D ;S_ [3g E QCQEMHP 0 j Fg N EHOj j YHOj j [=-HVfD;S_[MgEQY9fXFR_DYF-jA>IfQj@Wg?dIEFgNEHOj jX?HS_E= 1P0MIO-QFX9g=.N0MPI[1X?i=?-9R-fN=-QF-FO9Vg=XAU_N?FP>-QFX9g= .N0MPI[1jYHOFgNEHOj jX?HSE_ =1P0MIO-QFX9g=8gIE-QF-FO9V=g XAUN_ ?FP>-QFX9g=.N0MPI[1[=-HVfD;S_[3gEQ9N=MHP0jA>IfQjFgNEHOj j X?HSE_ =1P0MIO-QFX9g=.N0MPI[1X?i=?-9RXN0jYHOFgNEHOj jX?HSE_ = 1P0MIO-QFX9g=.N0MPI[1X?i=?-9RMHP01Q--QF-FO9Vg=XAU_N?FP>-QF X9g=.N0MPI[1CQEMHP0jj-QFJT-KQ=S`YL80[MgXM^=IfQj-QFFN1=:T0j j 3PI_ ZD0jXAUN_ -FO9V=g ?FP>-QFX9g=.N0MPI[1[=@W?g Id E;SD_ NS Q-QFj jYHO -QF\MHXISE=XHUN8/0;SX_ ?i=;Q0XHUN-;SL_ DXM9VLD@Hj NEJM JW Gen " " " ! " " "

11

Journal Watch

' $ ! " )& " % (

%0 &1 / ", ! ' $- ' + "3 1 3 3 0 3 ' $, ",( 2 , . * 1 &1 / + 0' ! * 1 3 #, " 2 % ",( 0 s 7YO`7YWCZB7XH7YOc=oNYUO]VQZGNX cG7YOc=oNY8V:J_Co BZ `=]Vh `V=dVQ[s /%01.-1s+)4)-'s 5)2(s s sTn:JPCnV7YOIOXHLYQWT^8LYK8V:aCnPW9GaPWImV:7XGdMncUoM7[ YOaKOn `=]hV`V=dVQ[CnVdIss`K]gVCOQ;TVHVZEFZKP8V:9nYc=o;nYNcG7YOc=oNYCnV7YOdMn`7YWCZBNYs 9AWJ_Qo ;Z NX 8V:R_GNp9QH9^MaPWImV:7XGbO9 %-2%01s&.0s )1%!1%s .-20.+s!-$s 0%4%- 2).- s saUn:TUOX@V`MOZ7Ys;\:BiY`GZG7YOQZ`9OYWUp8Vo M_P8V:b9O:7YOCZBCYM7YOc=oNYs %$)#!+s .-)2.0)-'s 0.*%#2 sCXh:aCnIks sD\:s sKHQnYsIOWMYAOoVNPWs s8V: J_oCZB`=]hV`V=dVQ[s s9Gsc=oIOWbN=Gp;Y77PN^EFp7YOIOWUNXB9nYc=o;nYN`7[gNQ7XH7YOc=o NYssbBNcG;iYGQGG[hM[9O\g:UG\g:s OoVNPWs sCVHQnYs`P]V77YOdMn`7YWCZB7YOc=oNY>\g:M[9QYM TXMKXGFp7XH7YOIOWUNXB9nYc=o;nYNs CYMGZNYM7YOdMn`7YWCZB7XH7YOc=oNYs 9]Vs 7YOdMn OXHIOWEYGNYsOXHIOWEYGNYGoVNP:sUO]VN]B`QPYcG7YO>]hVNYCYMcHTXg:NYVV7dI s 7YOdMn`7YWCZB7XH7YOc=oNY>\:g TXMKXGFp7HX 7YOIOWUNXB9nYc=o;Yn NM[9QYM`7[Ng Q8oV:7XH 7YOM[IOW7XGLXNTnQGH^99Pss>\g:dMndBoOXH7YO9^oM9OV:;Y77YOIOW7XGT^8LYK8V:OX@HYPs UO]VM[9QYMCoV:7YOaCndMndBoOXHNY;Y7s 6!-s ()2%s s 03's 11)12!-#%s 0.'0!,s b9O:7YO8V:s %!+2(s %1.30#%1s!-$s %04)#%1s $,)-)120!2).-s s>\g:cUo7YO =nQN`UP]VHOZ7YOOX7SYKNYHYP`H]hV:CoGTiYUOXH`V=dVQ[s HOZ7YO=nQN`UP]VE[g;iY`IrGsaPW NYTiYUOXHJ_oM[OYNdBoGoVNE[gCZB`=]hV`V=dVQ[aPWdMnM[IOW7XGLXNT^8LYKaPWdBoOXHHOZ7YO dMn`K[N:KV

s 7YOR\7SYG[hdBo`GoGD\:Iq?UYE[gJ_oCZB`=]hV`V=dVQ[HY:OYN `J=Z?VN_naPWCoV:CXBTZGc;EY:7YO`:ZGBoQN9QYMNY7PiYHY7s `G]gV:;Y79nYc=o;nYNE[gT_:8V:NYCYMcHTXg:NYssaMoVXCOY7YOdMn `7YWCZB7YOc=oNY>\g:TXMKXGFp7XH9nYc=o;nYN;W`UM]VG7XGcG7P^nM J_oCZB`=]hV`V=dVQ[aPWIOW=Y7OEXgQdIssaCn7YOdMn`7YWCZB7YOc=o NY8V:J_oCZB`=]hVM[9QYMUMYN9QYMTiY9X?CnV7YOTYFYOAT^8s GV7`UG]V;Y7LYQWT^8LYKE[gaNnP:8V:aCnPWH^99Pss s 7YO9oGKH`UPnYG[h`JNaKOnVV7MYdBo`UMYWTM7XH`QPY cG7YOE[gOX@HYP7PY:;W`OZgM`BZGUGoY`K]gVUN^B7YOaKOnOWHYB 8V:`V=dVQ[LYNcGIks s s DoYCoV:7YOcUo`ImYUMYN8V: b9O:7YO`OZMg CoGHOOP^9QYMTiY`Of;aPoQs;WCoV:PB9nYc=o;Yn NBoYG NYP:MYaPWCoV:`KZgM7YO`8oYD\:NYcUoMY78\hG

% # " $ " " +)-s !120.%-2%0.+s %/!2.+ s %#s

0 1 . + 1* 0 " 3 3 , ) 3 + 0+ 1* 1 ) 2 + ",( 0 0 1 s 8oVaGWGiY8V:TMY9MQZENY7YOEY:`BZGVYUYOaGWGiYcUoc=o7YO TnV:7PoV:COQ;PiYdTocU?naCn`OZgMaO7s LYNcGs s=XgQbM: scGJ_oIlQNE[g`8oY bO:KNYHYP`G]g V :;Y7`7Z B LYQW`P] V BVV7cGEY:`BZ G VYUYOTn Q GPn Y : `<[NHKPXGs !#32%s+.5%0s'!120.)-2%12)-!+s"+%%$)-' s ssVNnY:dO 7fCYMs7YOEBPV:aHHT^nM`M]gV`OfQsesG[haTB:cUo`UfGQnYs7YOTnV:7PoV:CXh:aCn `OZgMaO7GXhGdMnM[IOWbN=GpcGTDYG7YOApG[hs

saPW7YOR\7SY 7nVGUGoYG[hTnQGcU?nQnYBoQN7YOTnV:7PoV:COQ;PiYdTocU?naCn`OZgMaO7cG J_oIlQNs s`<[NHKPXG`IrG7YOR\7SY`=Z:TX:`7C7YOAp s `K]gVR\7SY7YOQZ`9OYWUpCnVdI;Y7UPX7@YGE[gM[VN_ns 9AWJ_oQZ;XNdBo BiY`GZG7YOEHEQGVNnY:`IrGOWHHaPWM[7YOQZ`9OYWUp`=Z:VG^MYG7XH7YO EBPV:aHHT^Mn LYNcCo7YO9QH9^ME[`g JNaKOnVV7MYs s=ZGh s>\:g `IrG7YOR\7SY EBPV:7YOTnV:7PoV:COQ;PiYdTocU?nC:Xh aCn`OZMg aO7`E[NH7XH7YOTnV:7PoV: LYNUPX : cGJ_o Il Q Ns s `<[ N HKPX G s >\g : OQMD\ : 7YOR\ 7 SYE[g ` JNaKOn cGIks sBoQN 12

s 7YOR\7SY`=Z:VG^MYGaTB:QnYsdMnM9[ QYMaC7CnY:cG9QYM`T[Ng :CnV7YO M[`P]VBVV7OWUQnY:7YOTnV:7PoV:CXh:aCn`OZgMaO7`E[NH7XH7YOTnV:7PoV:LYN UPX:s 9QYM`T[gN:`=Z:`IO[NH`E[NH`EnY7XHs s8VH`8C9QYM`=]gVMXgGOoVNPWs

s`EnY7XHs j

sVXCOY7YO`T[N=[QZCNX:`UM]VG7XGOWUQnY:s s7P^nMs s s`=nG`B[NQ7XHJPPXKFpOV:IOW7YOV]gGses>\g:OQMdID\:JP7YOCOQ; QZGZ;<XNsTX??YA8V:7YOM[LYQW`P]VBVV7`M]gVdMnGYGMYG[hs s7YOOX7SYJnYG 7YOTnV:7PoV:UO]V7YOOX7SYBoQN7YOJnYCXBsaPW`UC^E[gdMnK\:IOWT:9pV]gGse

News Update

% !' ' !+ :5 ' % )4 & 1 9 ) ' % ' # 1 & ! / / ' !' & +;0" 9= %- 1 ) & ' &4 ' ' - 8' % & = 8# & + / = & # . % & . ,: 7 1 :- 2 = & ' & '- 2 = - , : 7 * & ( - *#4 1 &!/ / '!' & +0; " 9 -)3 ( ' ' ' - *# #,9$&3 = = ' =- < ' . )3 # %- ) = % )4"' )1 9 )1 := . % :# - ( ' & %- =

= = ' # + ( = ' ) , = # ' & ). % & ) 9' ' % !' ' !+ J!%G.# G($J !' ( = 6 +- %= & ) 9 9' ' % !' ' !+ = !+ + = ' ( ' = & % !' ' !+ = !+ & = & ' (3 - ( & = # ( ) + / = /# '!= ' ; ( ;= # ( ) ( ' '! ; ' . ; = :'0J . - ) - # ;- = ,.: # ; ' # ' & / % 5' %- 1 J: ' F2(#2 % 2% 9 E2%0(1 J E. 1 ( 7#;% 3 9 6@.=(%1+; ;% 2+2$!1 7H<,#F J J J J J 2$. 7 3 'F2((F2J %09 )= $= G A29 3 2% 2##2 % 2%9 E2%0(1

1 %. 8G D($ 4?9 3 2 #2 2 9#6. .8F/1? 1@ : F(1 4?J J# %2 #J! ) J J F2.2 2)$2 2 2 2 3+7(%% "8#3J . 9#6. J"89 > J:'09 4$ <,#FJ %(# 1@ #4 2%9 E 2 %0(1 4? ;% !$2 2'%1 :'09.

J ! 8G D ( $9 G 2 9 H 2% +. +( 1@ ,# J J%2$J+F( <, F 3 9 6@.;% = G,(1 <, F 2#& 8 2'J%1 *2 ,2$<,G '1 G2 :'G(J J%2$J#4 8G (D $J J%2$J 4#? =4 G+ 8 %( ! 2

2% 1 %.

G($9 %6?. 9 .%H;#+: 4? F2.2 2)$2 +7(%% "8#3J 9 G2%1 2%%1 *2< ,G. :$ ;%

(2# 1 ' J+ 2 1 A2%2) %2 8%J9#6?.(1 4?J J# %2 #J J; $ ' 2% %( 2 ,G. 3 1 3 2%9#6?.(1 4?J J# %2 #J J! 9 6@.=(%1+ ; ;% 2+2$!1 7<H ,#FJ 5 ? 9 I %2$:% . %09 )= $:'09 I %2$:% 4 ? %(

! . %09 ) 4 J 0 4@= G%1 2%%1 *2,2$:'G(J:'0!%G.# 09 3 2

'1 %09 )J; $ 0 4$@ 1 =#F! 8 G (D $;% 3 9 6.@ =(%1+; ;% 2+2$!1 7<H ,#F 9!3#? < %09 )= $J:'0#4 2%9 2E %0(1 7 '2 % 2%:! $H <4? ,G 2% 8:'%1 *2 7

J! (F2=#F#4 8G< 3 9 6@. 4@ J J J J JB= G A29%4$ 2$ %1 # %4 %2 :'G(J F2 = G#. ;$ 2$(F2 .<,G G.#8' 4?9 I %3 1 %0 2 J%1 2'!%G.#+ 1 + 7 G.#8':'0<,G A2'1 < 2(+2 2% +7 4? 8:'+ 2 2% H 4?9 3 5@ %1@ 4@J .<,G %0 2 .$F2 6? %0, J 2%! 8G D($ 6.(F29 I %0+3 3"2! . %0 2%9 E2%0(1 ;%

. 9%2J#1? < (F29%2 0 ( 7#+ 2 2% H= G9 I .$F2 4CJ 2$. 7 3 'F2( J J J J J 2$. 7 3 'F2( F.(F2J %0 %( +2 2% +7 #4)1 $"2!:'0 (2# !%G.# G2 +2 2% +7 J#4#2 % 2 2% %( (3 3 1$:'0%0 2%%1 *2 !$2 2'< %0 1 +2 'J#4 2% %0+2 2 < 'G 3 1 .

H 2%. 2#1$;' J , F ( $ 2 G 2 ;% 3 9 6@ . %0 1 +2 'J 7 , F ( $ 2 4? 9 4? $ ( G . J .2 3 J

%0 %( # 2 #J %0 %( 2% F2 %09 )J %0 %( 2% F. 9 4?$(:'0

4-2J+A2 1 2 A2%( :,F 2 3J:'0, F($ 2 "2$< F2.2 2)$2 J%F(##6.

1 +%G2 (2#9 6?.#1? : F %0 2 :'0 1 F. 9 4?$(J$ %0 1 #2 % 2%9 E2 %0(1 :'0 E .

1 2%:!%F % 0 2 . ;% J G ( $ 2% 1 %. 8G ; $+2% 9 %6.? 3 < 9+G 2 4 ? 3 % #2 2 9#6. .8/F 1? +8 F 2F .2 2)$2 2 2 2 3 @1 J J :,F J 9 E2%0(1 < ;% !$2 2' 1@ %1 :'09.

J %(# 1@ 7# < !6@ 4? :,'F F. 9 4?$(J %0 2 $1 9 3 2 = F. 9 4?$(= G 2# 3J ,2 9 3 2 '1 #2 2 !6@ 4?%0 2 9#6. .8F/1? "2$< J J(1 J:'0#4.2 2%= GJ 9 >

.J GA2#8 J=.J9+#,0J,%6.,2$< 9, 6?.$,. J .<,G%4 ! :! $HJ,%6.: G #2$1 %0 %( +2 2% +7 J+2$ F( %# ( 7#;% J; % J

13

News Update

“AIDS ZERO PORTAL”

)' +# 6':) I )/ )+ ,1!1) ,6 I 0 $)/ 6 ' 1); E $ )/:( "F 8 )5> . '5 .I I I

I8%5>. 1) ?18"2" 1"(6 2$G -18. ,FI I I

I I I&1 *1 I%)E.' 8$B 0+8+=#< F: ';-'DI ; E 1" D1(I 0" ,'0(I 8 E1 4 E.'7*< E 6 )/ 0#I 8%5>. 0# 8 *5.> "(6 $2 G -18. ,F;-E#))*68$C1-'1(I I "% ,6+)) 0(I+0 "1(2 > 8 )2 0(I .!2# 3 )' +# 6':) `P8_68?G5I6P8X1 $I?8?G*N=$I?S*\8?GR>*6]P&?MUF'=MF` ` ` `P;MUF$I?1WIP6J6'I6>N2J 8^,EIPF1D]` ` ` ` ` `<I&$@I'`P;MUF8?G*IDH=;H65] P&?MUF'=MF` ` ` `?N[6SE=[` +LU'P8_6P&?MUF'=MFD['PD?J=$I?S*\%\F=O@P*J' >N45BID2?]1\I6PF1D]` 4KUP&>P8X1S*\'I6=I2HV'Q2[` ; B ` ` P;MUF?A7?A=%\F=O@ DI?D6P4B1\I6PF*TFAK4DKU IW &H,(I$E@I>QE@['=I?A7?A=TA\S64KPU 1K>A`Q@G6WIPD6F S6?O8Q774KUP%\IS('[I>`D['PD?J=SE\9O\8-J7H2J'I6PF1D]4N$?G1H7DI=I?3P%\I3L'Q@GS*\ %\F=O@P*J'>N45BID2?]P8_6E@H$.I6P*J'8?G(H$C]D6H7D6N6$I?1WIP6J6'I6>N2J8^,EI PF1D]` R1>$I?8?H78?N'&?HV'6KV` $F'R?&PF1D]Q@GR?&2J12[F4I'P;BDH=;H65]` ?[A=$H7 <I&KP&?MF%[I>E@I><I&D[A6`4H'V E6[A>'I64KDU 6H7D6N6%\F=O@`9OS\ *\8?GR>*6](I$%\F=O@` ?A=4HV'9O\SE\$I?D6H7D6N61\I6P4&R6R@>K` <I>S2\$I?D6H7D6N6'78?G=I0(I$BO6>] &AI=?[A==MFT4> DE?H.`1\I6DI5I?0DN%`T1\FF$Q77Q@G8?H78?N'P&?MUF'=MF` ` ` `4H'V 1\I6R&?'D?\I'P6MFV EISE\DF1&@\F' $H77?J748^((N7H6` 8?H78?N'%\F=O@SE\=K&AI=4H6D=H>` Q@G=K?O8Q774KU2F7D6F'2[F&AI=2\F'$I?%F'9O\S*\ 'I6=I$>JU'%LV6` R1>P);IG9O\S*\'I6?G1H7;MV64KU4VH'P%2 DN%<I;`(H'EAH1`Q@GE6[A>7?J$I?`4KUP8_6$WI@H'DWI&H, S6$I?%H7P&@MUF6$I?1WIP6J6'I6>N2J8^,EIPF1D]SE\ 7??@NP8ZIE=I> ` 6; DNA??0*H>`$@[IAA[I`8?GP4BT4>2HV'P8ZI(G >N2J8^,EIPF1D]<I>S6``; B `3MFP8_6$I?1WIP6J6 14

'I6S6?G>G4KU4\I4I>F>[I'=I$`Q@G(WIP8_62\F'=K$I?1WIP6J6'I6 F>[I'P%\=%\61\A>$@>N45]4KU1K(L'(GDI=I?3>N2J8^,EIPF1D]T1\<I>S6 ?G>GPA@I4KU$WIE61`Q=\A[I(G=K4?H;>I$?F>[I'(WI$H1`1H'6HV6`$I?=K %\F=O@?F71\I6(L'P8_6DJU'4KU(WIP8_6`P;MUFS*\P8_6E@H$.I6S6$I?2H1DJ6 S(`SE\DI=I?3@'4N6F>[I'*I,)@I1`E?MFP?K>$A[I @ ?1"E.(I9 D< E '1 A Q2[8(^ (N76H 9O8\ -J72H 'J I6PF1D]S64N$?G1H72\F'S*\PA@IT8F>[I' =I$$H7$I?&\6EI`?A7?A=%\F=O@(I$E@I>QE@['`Q@G(H1$I?$H7 %\F=O@P;MUF6WI=I8?G$F7$I?8-J7H2J'I6`6KU(L'3MFP8_6RF$ID1K4KU4I' D[A6$@I'(GT1\96L$$WI@H'?[A=$H6` *[A>@1<I?G7I'D[A6S6$I? ?A7?A=(H14WI%\F=O@%F'E6[A>'I6S6;MV64KU` R1>8?H78?N'` ` ` `?N[6SE=[` SE\S*\'I6T1\9[I64I'` #! ! " `R1>$I?8?H'8?N'&?HV'6KV`=N['P6\6SE\9O\8-J7H2J'I6 @8 E1 4 E.'7* < EI 9*/; E$)/:( "F8$H"A +LU'<I&K P&?M F %[ I >4N $ ?G1H 7 DI=I?3P%\ I 3L ' %\F=O@2HA*KVAH11\I6PF1D]4KUP8_6%\F=O@ <I;?A=T1\R1>T=[2\F'S*\?EHD9[I6`3MF P8_6&AI=R8?['SDS6$I?1WIP6J6'I6 ?[ A =$H 6 ` FH 6 (G6W I T8DO[ $ I?;H / 6I 8?H78?N'$I?1WIP6J6'I6F>[I'=KD[A6 ?[A=`D?\I'&AI==HU6S(4KU(G?[A=$H6>N2J 8^ , EIPF1D] % F'8?GP4BT1\ F >[ I ' Q6[6F6 `$I?8?G*N=` ` ` ` ` `6KV`P?JU= 4KU<I&$@I'`Q@G(G(H1E=N6PAK>64HV'` `<I&4HUA8?GP4B`R1>$I? 8?G*N=&?HV'6KV=K9O\P%\I?[A=$I?8?G*N=`(WI6A6` `&6`8?G$F71\A>` E6[A>'I6D[A6$@I'`E6[A>'I6?G1H7;MV64KU` ?A=4HV'P&?MF%[I><I& 8?G*IDH'&=` S6;MV64KU<I&$@I'` P6MVFEI$I?8?G*N=6F$(I$(G 8?G*IDH=;H65]SE\P&?MF%[I>P%\IS(R&?'D?\I'`%\F=O@2HA*KAV 1H `Q@GQE@[' 4KU=I%F'%\F=O@4KU6WIPD6FS6P&?MUF'=MF` ` ` `Q@\A` >H'SE\P&?MF%[I>Q2[@G;M6V 4K:U $Y P%\I3L'%\F=O@%F';M6V 4K4U ?KU 7H 9J1*F7`Q@G ?[A=$H6F<J8?I>`AJP&?IGE]`Q8@9@`P8_6$I?S*\8?GR>*6](I$%\F=O@ S6;MV64KU(?J'=ID6H7D6N6$I?4WI'I6`8?G*I*6DI=I?3DF73I= %\F=O@P;JU=P2J=T1\4KU`DI>1[A6$?=&A7&N=R?&`R4? `

& - 89 . ! & % . # 9 , *# & '. . , ( / ' & & , ' 6&9 9 ' ' % 9" *# & 6&9 9 7# & 6# % 99 $ 4&/"7 ( & , ' 1 ) 2 # ' & &74 / 6& & 4&/"7 ( & % . "' !+ ) 2 9 !6 /"70 - $"% / 4& & " % - $#&

$!6 / $ $ & 4&/"7, ' . "% / 9. " # , *# ! # - $. 0 - 7# & &9 7# - $ ' ( ' & . , ( / ( ' $ 4& % , *#1 0 6/"7" % / - $0 4& & " % ! % '93 # ' 59# ' ( & - 89- 8 - 9&=/ - ( - < 9 9 $ " " - *"= ) 4 - *"= = % = $ (/ - ( $ & = = ' ' % = / 9& & ( & :" & / - ( $ & = = ' ' % 9" % =- *" / - ( =! *"- *".

- < % ! % " & (04 !: & - 3 0 - *"4 + ( 4 ' 0 := *"= &7: &= " % 4 -! *" = (" 6' & = (" 6' 7&=- :&- ( 5 =# #=. $ % 0 :0 & " "&!& $- ! % " =- 9 = % " = 1 : " =1 9- 3 = & :&= &- 3 =- *5"- 3 =- < : = " & (=5 - *"/ - ( % . & % "&!& "* 4 2=- 9 = " " =

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

' "&!& + %5 9" - ' - *4" + =- *" '/ "&!& =! *""&!&

(4 9& & . , :" (4 + =! ( - (4 "&!& 7&- 3 , =. $ - (5 (4 (- *4" + ' & & = & (4 " & '/ "&!& (4 :" (- *4" + :7& '5 = . $ ' & &:7 ' 5 ( 4 '/ = " + "&!& / 0 : ' & - * " = :7 & &= " - *4 " + "*4 = 2= - ( )4 ! )4 (4 7&! 1 :0 , + "&!& = :& & ' 1 9" 9" ' =2= ) 9" - '4 ' & "

- *4 " + = , ; ' % 0!: + ! & % $ & "&!& * =/ 1 9- ' - *"= ("'6 & = :7& &= " " + 0 "&!& - 3 . $ & =. $ '/ "&!& ( 4 ( ' & / . - ( , =- 9 = % 0 - ( . $ 1 := $ & & 9 & % / !' 1 :=

15

) , 9 " $ $ ) 9 * (! " $ &0 3 - 9 9 )5 , 9+ " 8 $ ) $ * &0 9 &0!$ & 5! $ * % !) # %* )9 + 7! 5$ 52$* !9 + " % # % $ 2$+ " 2$! 5$ * 5 # 9 $ $ 5 $ *! & 8 $ ) $ 9 5$ $ . 5 6! 9 (! 5 &0 &!$ $ 9 6$ # , * / $ 9* (0! 4! # !) # %* ) &0 "* % '1 # *! + "* (0! 5 $ 999 !# $ 79 !$ % 9 ! ! % & + ", ) , A "<*# - ! , *!

1 + '/ ) +1& /! 3 %*! !( :* * =* ! !) %< ) 1!, , 8 ) &#) +$ /3" ) 9 A * *! !# %' 1 .'9 = A #<*A 0 = ) ,!8 3 %*! !( :* * 5 = , *1 *&#* 4 ' 1 =* 2"=#5 <5 =!) !( * '*&*!1 =*A%< "4&= =:* *"4 1".' <:*A :*4&=1 + '* *!& =* . A#0 A2"(5 <5 =% +A - 5 <%* *! # / ! 5 =A :*4&=1 + '/ ) 1+ & / -9 A ) 9 ,A9 ! # / 3!

'2 ( :*#<*A&* !( * !* #<* 1' , ? &*%/ * A!<* * 5 < !=' , 8 (5 ) ! A5 < #! ) ! 1 7 * A1 !*(5 <1 , 2 <1 @ ') !* <' 1' A ) %< " <' 04= =! 4 = ,!8 #< * =# A - 8 4 2 <"( ; , *< # 0 = ) ,8 ,8 ,3! !( :* )#A1 < A3! " ) A "=* 1 .9'&)#4 * 1".' &!.'&)#4 #* A1 + '* *!1 , ") :*4&=1 + '/ ) +1& /!/ 2!

A , 0= * 1 7 2"(1%, ,#+ 5 = A %:*&!) 3! &!.' ? &*%/ * ,8 , " <'% !! (4 *! ) ,8 8, !( * =' !( ) !(#) A ,A A "/< 3! 2"( ? &*%/ * 1%,8 5 =2 < A A 3! ,18 ,8 # ) %* *A ='&+ =' !( A ' !(%* *1%.'8 A :*4&= ) ! 4 1#"* "* . 2"=# ' 5 < ) A%<# 1 @ ='&+ :*4&= / %* *2 " A ' 1&7 * %<# !' 5 =5 < ,A2"( ' 1&7 2% 5 ' * &!.'5 & =*! !<*5 = A A 3! * % ' 2"(!( !(%* ,8 :*4&= ,'* *!&" ". A *! ) %+ 4 =*2"(% * +5 < , A A 3! &"' 1".' % ' :*4&=2

*5 < ,2!

) ! A1& , ) 1!< A1& , 1 ! &!.'1 ",8 1 , !>A% ' %)8 4&=2

* :* * 5 =5 < ,1& .' 1 + A #* 5# ' *! ' % ' <'1& / *! > <* A6A" "

A A 3! *!> + %) ,'* *!2 7 1 !7 A .'%)8 A1 =*%)8 A :*'(5! =*" A :*4&= ) ! 5 =5 < , A A 3! " ) 4 % *#( , 8 # / '* *! ) 5 <5 =A :*1 @ =' !) * <'1 .'8 "' '* *! ' 3! A2"(5 <1 + '* *! ) ' *<

=' A A ;A - ( "' ) 1 , '4 *! ) !

# " ( ) )

! + ) % ) * ' % % ) ! & ! % )! " )! ,

) ! ) ) * $ * $ * ' ) *

16

A A A A 3! 5 =' ='1%.8' A ='') 1% <* A6A ,8 , " !( <' *! ) ! A 1 < A ='1 <*1%.8' A :*4&=1& , 1 ! 5 =5 <1 7 ,A8 ='1 =*') 1% # * 3! 1 * >A :*4&= ) ":* * A3! !( 0 ' 1%.8' A :*4&= # 'A 1',9 # ' 0 *! !* !5 = ":* * A&!.' ,'* *! # &") * !( 0 &")

1%.8' A :*4&= )8 ) ! 5 =5 < * A A 3! &)#4 "=* 1 .'9 &)#4 * 1".' 5 1",9 A'* ,'* *!1 7 2 < & =*' A#0 A& % +A !(&#<* ) !

A A 3! 1 *&#* ,8 # / ) 5 <5 = =* = *: *"4 1".' *<: A :*4&= ', * *!A& =* . A4 %) 8 A % * +5 < ,A * !<* A A *! + * * + , " :*4&= #< - &!.' <# ' A -

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

# ! # # & ! %.) $ # # %+ 5 1 # ' # %. % 0#, # # # , # " 3. # # !

, ) $ ' " $) '- # $.

4/ + ) #! ( %. ( , 2 ' + * ! 1 # ' # ) %. " # 0#) * #

.0#) * ! $ " $ # 0#* ! 0#

* # ) "

17

' 24(

( 4& $

# 3 & " + 0 ( & $ ) 4 0 " , 0 0 ) 4 * 0* 1 & 0 0 & " " ! * 1 4 !4- ! /4 ! " ' 24 =) )= C2 $ & 0 -& $( 3 0 A 2 +70 A @ $) ) #) ) #. +7#9) ( & '0 !4 C ( ( 8 C0 -&7 ) 4 = ' ) ' ) '$ ( , @

( 0#+ 7 =& ) 0 * 2 $ & 0 -& $( 3 C&) *C 2 0 )$ ) C ) ( 2 $* #/ C ) ' 4 ( 3 0 -& * *C#/ .$ +C7 ) 0 + C2 &> . C1 ' ( .C? , 7 0 A #)0$ . )9 3$>0 * 2 $ & 0 -& $( 3 + $ -& ( 4 >C2 $ & 0 -& $( 3 + 1 = 4 > ) ( " '&) ) 1# +C C / 1 CC -&C C' & $, C 0 * ) ) + ( & $ & 0 -& 1 +47 0 + 8 $( 3 C +4 ( 4 0 )' ( & $ & 0 -& CC 9)3$>$ & 0 -& 1 + 1 0 6 $ -& + ( C#= 3$> >) 0 -&8 $( 3 ) 0 -& C / > < ' +&) ) 0 6 $ >)& 3 = +&7 & 1 $ . ( 1 > + ,8 C ' & " CC0 * ) ) *1 >) 3 & ( $ & 0 -& 9)3$> + *7 0 -& )0 )'1 ' + ) &. ( $ & 0 -& +47 0 + 8

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

. *8 :B >) 2 '0 )'$ -& 4$ >& CC ,7 0 * ) + ) *1 >) 3 & ( $ & 0 -& C1 ' + *7 0 -& ) ( ( *0 (8 C0 -7& *7 0 -& + * ) ) ,8 0 -7& C5C 9)3$>0 * ) &. ( & $ & 0 -& 1 +7 4 0 + 8 >) 0 -&8 $( 3 C 9)3$> >) 0 -&8 $( 3 ) 0 -& C , 7 &)

'#= 3$> 0 * $( 3 > 0$ C$( 3 ) C1 '&) 0#+ + * 0 + ( ( + ) ) ' $( 3 $>& =) >) 0 > * ( $ ' * >) 1 C ( (8 C$) =) +&) ) 18

= +8 & 2 >) 0 -8&$( 3 ) 0 -& 0 + ( C + 4 1 ? ( +0 -&7 9)4 #/1= ) ) ( ") + 7 / * 1+ ' ( ") + * 4 >& =) & ( C3 + +7 / > < $ # * ) $( 3 ) C ) / > + 0 -&8 > 2 / > +7 )= ) ; & 1 ' 9)#= 2 ) ) 3 ( +&)

' = + * /> < 4 >C C #9)$ ( ) ( ")2 >) 0 -&8 $( 3 ) 0 -& 3 @

. ( +C C * +C -&C ) ( ") > )CC ) ) $ & 0 -& 1 > & / 1 '3#= >9) ( C 1 ' ) ( ") > ) =) ( 0 +7 0 $ & 0 -& $( 3 $ -& ) 9) ) )#CC

# * 68+ # " !) . * 4 # $828 !) . ) 5# 838+ 5# % / # ) 7 " " 8 8, ) $ 8* 4 # & - 4 4#8) # . % $ $0) 7 !) . ) 5# - 5) 4 " 8 6 8 $ ' $ 8 $ % # * 6 * !+ # * 6 (E2))E2J%09'? 9 F2 %J:%F)2E 9 I ;' 'F2& 4"@ < 9"*- 3 %2 9 I .1 1 J JJ: F '3 :(F)< 9"* 2& ?%4 )2%9,4@& . 2'9 I %09'? 9 F2 % 9 E 1 J 2 , 3 3" )E2; & 1@)= 9"* 2&%4 )2%9,4@& 4@ 09 I %09'? 9 F2 % (. .2&7 &1 .&8 E J@4 J< J J< '09 *,-'1 .9%'3 2J CJ J 2 2' G)2E %4 F8 )D &%09'? 9 F2 %9"* 2&'2&<-%EJ J J 5 @ F.& )E2J J9 .'G9 ? GJ .

B2 ) F8 )D &%09'? 9 F2 % 1 A -% J:(0< B2 ) 49A ,4& 4) 3 J J J 0 49@ "*- 3 9,4& 4) 3 2 %09'? 9 F2 %.&8 E @4 '0%2 J J E. CJ ; &.7 1 3 2' G . ;' %09'? 9 F2 %< 9"* 2& E. F2 4@< E) J J CJ J 0 4@.7 1 3 2' G< 9"*- 3 %4: ); F%,8 5A .&E2 E.9 6@. J; &" < 9"*- 3 %2 )E29"* 2& '0%2 J J9 E2J< 9"* 2& 1 A " E.&< E) .2&7J J CJ; &" )E2 F8 2& 49@ I %09'? 9 F2 %%4.2&79 (4&@ %2 )E2 -F8 3 49@ I %09'? 9 F2 %J J C

J J % ' $ /$ 1 # # 8 (5 1 # # # " !) . * 4 # $ (E2)9,'3%)E2J, 2 2' G%09'? 9 F2 % . = &< CJ J" )E2J%4 8F 2& D)&9 I %09'? 9 F2 %J J J:(0 -8F 3 D)&9 I %09'? 9 F2 %J J J ; & H 1&9,4@& 2'9 3 ;' %09'? 9 F2 %%2 2 -(2& H 1&J.2 3J 9 &= F'1 2' 2&'1 ,4 '39) - F2. J%4 '0)1 3%09'? 9 F2 %< '. '1)J 5@ " )E2J J 9 .'G9 ? GJ . F8 )D &%4 '0)1 %3 09'? 9 F2 %< '. '1)J; & 09 I 2 3 2 !D2& 2&-'6.- 3 ?= FJ H 1& 4@9 6@.)E29 I ,29- 7,B2 1 . %09'? 9 F2 %< 9"* 2&=%E 2E 2 9"*- 3 J 1 @ 6.J 2'%4'0 1 /.'G;% 9"*- 3 9.,; '9 ,8 )E2 3J; &9 "20 (7%E .2 2' 49@ '4& )E2J (7%E .2 2' (2& G9#(9 .'GJ 5 @ %4 )2% 3 3 . 49.? 9.J 6.J%4 49.? 9. . 9"*- 3 9"3@% 5A %2 1A : E9 3 J B2<-F%4'0 1 /.'G;% 9.,; '9 ,8 :(0'0 1 /.'G;% 9"* 2& EB2( J B2<-F %4( 1 + 09-%6. 9"*- 3 J 8F 2& 49@ I (7%E .2 2' 4 A 0%4 )2%,8 )E2 E29 (4&@ 3J E) =-(E: )E2 E) 9.)J%49 F2 %<- EJ(8 .1 09(? :(09 I -%1 2 2'=%E %4 1 ) .,7 3 -'6 .%4 1 ) .,7 3 F. &%2 J (7E % .2 2' 4A " = F = %E E . &J 6 .J

" '0%2 J J< J J J . 2 1A J$2)0.6@ J>J 4@ B2<-F%4'0 1 /.'G;% 9.,; '9 ,8 3 3J9 E J 1 : ? J 4@ B2<-F 8F 2& 1 6@%%49 F2 %<- E )E2 8F 2& 3J9 6@. 2 1 9,6.@ %,$2"( J=%E,2%2' B2(2&/.'G;% 9.,; '9 = F 2% 3J ,E) ,29- 7.6@ J>J9 E J$2)0.F) FB2- 1 9 3 J&2 2 1) 4@%4 ( F2 9 4& B2<-F9 F2 %<- E 5A J9 E J&2'1 +2 )2% 1 ;(-3 ,8 J&2'1 +2 E.%(8 -%2 ; J9 I F J J J 8F.B2 )& 2', 2 1 %09'? :-E 2 3J (E2)9"3@%9 3%)E2J .2 2' 4@" E.& 4@,7 J 6.J (B29 . F. 4@9 F2 %J; &9 "20 '39) < F-1) %J.2 2'.6@ J>J ?=%E: E2 2 < 9"*- 3 J = F: EJ%4 . 9-().. 2 -1) %9 I 2FB 9(6. J-1) % . J 9 F2 %-'6.-1) %: J-'6.%4 6@ -'6.: (9'6.A '1 '39) -1) %J ; &,E ) <- E %1 %2" :" &G < '0&0 4@ 9 I %2 :(F )J ,E ) .1 '2 2''. 4 )3 . 8F D ) & 2&=%E : E 2 2 9"*- 3 : E.&E2 < J 1 1A J 2& 8F,8 )1& 5 )'<,E< ,1 9 )2% 3 3 . 9 F2 %:(0 ') 9 F2 % 9. 9 I '0 B2J 9 E 1

19

# !( *9A% !* <A% * + ) 1 ? =) =)A4 % ?

0 @ *"A -%A ) ' +7 =% 4 % ?$ (7 &% ?2 4 % ?%% ) ) 0 * 4 A0 -%7 =) ) + * ) &% ?2 ) 0 * ) >% ) A

' +# ) '0 @ *" #= =% =) ) 3 >) =) A5A0 @ #)0$ . :)3$>0 * %) ) 0 6 ; A0 = A0$ -%7 =) A3 #( 7 A + 8 %> =) A0$ -%7 %% ) A$ . $ * A$ -% % 4 =$ ( A2 4 % ?0 @ *" ( 4 > = % 3 /> $ * ) = ) /> ) ' ) A A 0 = ) A (8 +8 A $) /> ; + ) '4 % ?0 @ *" +74 = . 1 A%) 4 = +%) ) 1# 3 A 5A 2 0 )'3 />#/ %) .A 4 = =% 1# %) ) % =) ( 0 ) ( A , >% $ (7 #( 0 1 ' 0 6 %) ) ; +7 ( 0% 0 @ A$) =) +%) ) +7#.= 0#+7 '0 @ 2 4 % ?

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

20

* ( & ( ;8(0 &$(

5$ > $ ( *7> .; 9 ( ( *6 2 & & ;( >4>$( *$( ( ;( / ,7$#' 2 ( / ,$ >#' 2 ( >"(/# ( ( #' 2 / ; / 5 0 &/ ; ) ' # &> ' '7 > / ,6$ :( *$( ( ' :( ;( ; > * 0 <>/ (& ;(/ = 3 $ </ = )!0 ; 3 :3 ; ' ( ' !($ :( ' : *> $( 8(2#;/ ) ( &0 ;$ - 0 0 &/ = "(/# - 8(2#;/"* * )

& - 8;. ! & % !* & , 1 -"6 & ' "& & ' ;( - $ 6#- 6 +7 # ,! ' % & & /"7- 6, 1 7 & , 6& ' & ; )2 , : ' ( (2 6& - $ 4&0 7 * % ; ( (2, ' )3 6 4&/"7, 1 ( % & & (2! + 8 # 7& ;- $,! ' ! 7& & !% % 8 (2 ( % +7 # ; % $ & , 7&!% - $ ( & !& & / & - 7 9 "&, &$" 7&0 7 (; ; % 8; 8 ' % 8; # # ' ( & - 8; <#F <$*-H5M <#F (5 <+7* !M < B 25 )7 -5) 4 -,? M=,3&H2=)H@)H2*5 4! ,; ?!<+9C 2 5+<+7 * !M -6 7 7C H - *?1I < B ,5* -5) 4 -,@ IM 92M 5+<,H5!6 5!M 8C 3 H-*<0+6)0+I5 &4 !5 5+?1I= H < B =,3<#L ! 6 ++) 7C )7 # +3>* !J M !2 5 !7DM *4 <#L! 5+? I<-,5+H-) 4!

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

&, 1 M!6 5! 3 H-*?1I< B ,5 4D 5 #K 5M M=,3 ,5 5 25+) JM MM 4&/"7, 1 6& ' ; 6& & ; 6& !% , MM , ( +7 & &M)7 4.! 6 7C 7 H2 5+<+7*!(5/5MM 5 % $, 1 M 5+<,H5 5IE 3 E5?1I< B E5@ I 4D <+9C2 M )2 (5&+-)< I5? <+9C2 @ I<+B-M M 5 ! & 6M 5+ 4D ? 'K !6 5!M<#L! 5+%G 0)5 6?1I< B M ' & & M 5+'K !6 5!<#L! 5+<0+6)0+I5 6! !5 5+MM * M

@ I +4 " 5+#,; %K : ++) 4D = H < B 5 <!9D 2 15 ?!!6 5!MM % & #6& M 5+2H5!!6 5!?1I'K "H2*MAM H - *#,; %K ?1I < B )7 !6 04 * +4 5+2H 5 !M & !* ; "++*5 5. 5+<,H5!6 5!<#L! -5)0: ?! +2" +4-M <#L! 6 ++) 7&C 2H =)H05)5+ < +7*) -5)&+I2)?1I= H < B H 2 !<#F (5 <+7 * !M 8C <#L ! -6 7 5+ 7C H 5 * =,305)5+ E5@ I : -4!> *< &53 H2!!2!M!4"<#L! 6 ++) 7C )7 # +3>* !J = ,3<0+6 ) 0+I 5 -5)+;I 08 )7 : H5 2 < B =,3 -5)04)&4! J 7C 7?! +2" +4-

21

Medical Technology

University of Michigan, Medgadget 0&+&@0 #0" 0 /) )0+ &A7'. B 0 &. 1* A . ?(% 9,@( 1 1 /%6 4-= - +$- : @&( 6&;(%1 < 3 = 7'.7$? %>0$0 3 = D 8 % .!5(@ 1 %/ 2D<

D D D: @7+ 9,@6,; (?0D$2 (0$6 C : : @ 2< .(16 &0.,A6 4-= 6%4-< 0 6 4-= - +$- : @ - %? 0 5 @ - 7$? %> 0 #0%9 ,@ - !? 0 / 7'. &.6$1 '/ * . - 6 4=-6%4<- /= @(% B 0 &. 1* A e =)7NT;Q\JTBQ[J*J,T;Q\J,J)AODL)G5KTIAQJ;)L<T;Q\JTBQ[J =)7N9O[JBS_CJ<eYeeTAQ[J>_M7L6T;Q\JTBQ[JJJ)X=eH_E;9O[JBS_W)D`)L< *J<-K8S)H_,X=I`J,=2N<L7N)MC?BM:NEN9BMT?Q[J7CE-HJ<ee IDL , -M)B` J AHO U DKHL , T)7V6BW/` ) D` J ,-R D 9CCF;a U D` Ee ?BM:NU?9Ba-KH_,*`JASDWI`+5K9]M,M;>_M7L69CM<E_MX6`>M_ 7L6 T;QJ\ ,J)JJ)IA6UD`EICQJBL,AO<M,H_E;TIDQJJBSe_ e)CK<E;)MC ;OW\ /`TEDM;M;eUDKV6B9LE[ X=-K7`J,AO)MC>_M7L67MAIDL,e8`MBL, -L6)MC*J<*J,T;Q\J,J)WI`IA6HN\; e U7_=CKHM9FLDBU?9Ba-KHMAMC8JJ)-M)I`J,>_M7L6 X6`6`EB+EMAAL[;W-AM))E_MTAQ[J)_J;7_J)MCEN;N-.LBT;Q\J,J)W; HAJ,*J,>S=` E^ BeT;QJ[ ,-M)AO)MC<SC5M)MCCK<<WIA_0,P[ -K/_EB WI`U?9BaAJ,TIZ;T;Q\JTBQ[J9O[)]MDL,EN;N-.LBUDK*J<T*7*J, T;Q\J,J)X6`TCZET)QJ<-KT9_MTEDM-CN, e UDK+EMAUA_ ; B]M)L< +EMA/L6 T-;AOU 7_-K)`MEI;`M 7_JX=TAQJ[ AO)MCT6N;I;`M=CKHM;CEA)MCTCOB;CST` /N,DP))L<)MC HC`M,@M?*J,+JA?NET7JCaT?Q[J9]MWI`)CK<E;)MC9]M,M; 9L\ , IA6CE6TCZ E AM)*P\ ; 6` E Be FL D BU?9Ba 9O[ e e e)D_MEe

Todd Hollon

e ! e ! ! e ILEI;`M=CKHM9FLDBU?9Ba=CK-]M VC,?BM<MDe9Oe[ e eJ:N<MBEN:)O MC9O=[ CK)J< 6`EBe eH_E;eW;)MC?L4;M+EMAUA_;B]MUDK=CKHN9:N@M?*J, 22

! ' & ! ' ( (

' # *

(

( ( ) * & " ( & % $ % )MCEN;N-.LBCKIE_M,)MC>_M7L6W;CMB,M;9O[T>BU?C_+CL\,WIA_W;e Nature Medicine e ! ! e ?C` J A)L < e e "" "e CJ,FMH7CM-MCBa H M*M =CKHM9FLDBFMH7Ca9O[e ! e $ eUI_,e 'e !" e & "# $(e e UDK+5K>S` C_ E A,M;e X6` C MB,M;8P , )MC;] M T9+;N + 9O[ TCO B )E_ Me $ % $ e e #$! ! (e eX=W/`TAQJ[ TCZEeYe;Oe\ ee eT=c;T9+;N+ 0P[,X6`CL<)MC?L4;M9O[e e e T?Q[JHC`M,@M?T;Q\JTBQ[J*J, T;Q\J,J)X6`JB_M,CE6TCZEe 5e *`M,T7OB,>S`=^EBe e ;L[;IAMB+EMAE_Me U?9Ba >S`T/O[BE/M1=CKHM9?BM:NEN9BMHMAMC8COENE@M?X6`V6BXA_-]MT=c;7`J,JMFLB I` J ,=2N <L 7N ) MC?BM:N EN 9 BMe e /_ E BD6TEDMCJ+JB9O[ B ME;M;H] M ICL < )MC=CKAED>De)MCB`JAHOeUDK)MC7O+EMA7MAEN:O)MC9O[W/`JBS_W;=b--R<L; e +5K>S`EN-LBBL,W/`JLD)JCN9PA*J,=b11M=CK6NG3ae "$ de e $ e e9O[TCOB)E_MeV+C,*_MB=CKHM9T9OBAU<<HL,EL7;M)MCJB_M,DP)e ! &! %$ ! e %" e $'!" e eT?Q[JTCOB;CS`+R5DL)G5KT.?MK *J,VC+AKTCZ,HAJ,9OA[ )L ?<<_JB9OH[ 6R e e/;N6eUDK?BM)C5a)MCEN;-N .LBVC+ee

Medical Technology HNFDWA:Dg.MZ7fEN=ADO*E6g*OEGP<P./NDXE,BODY<ZCe*Q]<O:Q 8E-+fO-V8QD-?Uf>dGD7fGD,GOCWCe<D_O:Q]V:QD=Z7f*N=?F+LGP;Q*OEW==V7PC:Q]Y0f*N<LDUe j `<QV] >i<*OE:7FL-W==CL-Z>+fO-K<fO,EN-^ WE*Y<*OE >EMVCP<*OEY0f>h22O>EM7PI4gY<KfL-?eO8N7aj $!!$#j?Uf<_O *OEV+QD<EOD-O<V?DWAEe*FeOGWFMGeOj`VEOZ7f7O_ V<P<*OEW>F ?F:O-,FP<P**N=+N^<8L<+L--O<.O*j a j X7D:N]GZ>?Uf>dGD:Q]V+fOXE-ADO=OFVAS]L?eO8N7V<S^L-L* JCL-CN*.MZCe:EO=W<e07N CO*eL<GeO8<VL-CQV<SL^ -L*0<P7ZK<j EUfW,eGeO.M8fL-EN=*OE?eO8N7V:eO<N^<jj:QC?eO8N7:N^-:QCKFN-.O* Z7fEN=WFMZ7f>EMCGF?F8NGLDeO-j V<S^LVDS]L j VAS]LJe-Z>YKf ?UfV0Q]DG0O27fO<>EMJO:ADO;PGP:DOWFfGj .M8fL-EL,LD ,_O8L=7fGDV0e<*N<jjHNFDWA:DgZCeLO.W<eY.Z7fGOe 8<.M.N7*OE *N = LO*OE>d G DLDe O -ZE.<*Ge O .MZ7f ? F8L=*FN = .O* ADO;PWA:Dg j `DN-VE\GV*P<Z>:Q]VEO.MJOCOE9JEfO-BOA+L-8NGLDeO._O<G<CO*.O*+fO-V8QD-+L-?U>f Gd DWFM8N7JP<F-,GOCVK\<Z7f 7Q+R^<GeOj:Q]?eO<COVEO>EMJ=,GOCJ_OVE\.LDeO-ZEY<*OE?eO8N7 VLOV<S^L-L*LL*a j VCSL] ZCe<O<CO<Qj^ #j # jZ7f1LS^ V:,X<XFDQ V0P-AO6P0DgV>i<,EN^-WE*COY0fY<*OEY0f*FfL-.TF:EEH<gj jj HNFDWA:DgZ7fY0f8NGJEfO-BOA*N=?Uf>dGD*GeOj j ,<j V>i< V,ES] L -CS L GP <P . /N D EM7N = WE*VAS] L >EMJO:HN F DHOJ8Eg W FM XJ8<OJP*FOEP-1gGP:DOj $($! &)# $!$ ) j j `HNFDWA:DgWFMADO;PWA:Dg.M8N7JP<Y.GeO8<JOCOE9 :_O*OEGP<P./NDXE,Z7fKESLZCe7fGD*OEY0fBOA.O*j jKESL 8N7JP<Y.GeOCQ,GOC._OV>i<KESLZCe:.Q] MJe-V<SL^ VDSL] VAPC] V8PCYKf*=N KfL->3P=N8P*OEADO;PGP:DOj j >EMXD0<gLQ*>EM*OEK<R]-j,SLj?UfV+QD<EOD-O<CQ,GOC KGN-GeOjJN*GN<K<R]-V:,X<XFDQj j.M0eGDYKfXE-ADO=OF:Q]CQ :ENADO*E<fLDZ7f>ER*IO>h2KOLO*OE>dGD:Q]EN*IOZ7fDO* *N=,6M?UfEeGC-O<:Q]HU<Dg*OEWA:DgGP0O*OE j 9R-WCf.MV>i<VES]L-:Q]<eO0S]<0CCO*jW8eHNFDWA:DgJCLDLCEN=GeOjDN-ZCeJOCOE9DLCEN=Y<?FFNA;gJO_ KEN=?U>f Gd D:QV] >i< XE,CMVE\-JCL-=O-0<P7jV0e<j ! $ ! '($" jjVEOCQ,GOC ._OV>i<:Q].M8fL-:_O*OE8N7JP<Y.7fGD,GOCZGfGO-Y.Y<KfL?e O 8N 7 j WFM.M8f L -CQ , GOCV>i < KTf < Je G <:Q] V+f C W+\ - EMKGe O HN F DWA:Dg *N = ?Uf V0Q] D G0O27f O <>EMJO:ADO;P GP : DOVAS] L ?FFNA;g:Q]7Q:Q]JT7:Q]V>i<Z>Z7fjj,6M?UfGP.ND*FeOG j $!!$#jZ7f@*c @<j jJEfO-BOA:QZ] CeZ7fEM=TVL*FN*I6g CO**GeOj jFfO<BOAj.O*?Uf>dGDj j,<j:Q]Z7f.O*j j WFMV<f<,GOCJ_O,N2*N=0<P7+L-V<S^L-L*JCL-:Q]A=GeOV>i< *N<CO*

j .O*<N^<,6M?UfGP.NDZ7f:7JL=V,ESL+eOD<Q^*N=?Uf>dGDj j,<j.O*j jJ9O=N<jj,6M?UfGP.NDZ7fW=e-8NGLDeO-.O*?Uf>dGDW8eFM,<j8NGLDeO-:Q]j j CQ * OEDf L CJQ W FM?e O <*EM=G<*OE7f G DGP ;Q * OE>*8P W Ff G Je - Z>YKf ADO;PWA:DgVAS]LGP<P./NDj j 8NGLDeO-:Q]j j j JEfO-BOA7fGDj j WFM >EMVCP<?FVAS]LGP<P./ND7fGDV,ESL+eOD j .EP-j[jWFfGGP;Q*OE:Q]LOHNDj jCQ,GOCWCe<D_OY<*OEGP<P./ND:Q] V:QD=Z7fY*FfV,QD-*N<j,SLjEfLDFMj jV>EQD=V:QD=*N=EfLDFMj j J_OKEN=CP20GP:DO:Q]>3P=N8P*N<COW8eV7PC j `VEO*_OFN-V>FQ]D<EU>X/C*OEGP<P./NDV<S^L-L*JCL-aj $!! #j *FeOGWFMGeOj`V:,<P,<Q^V>i<V,ES]L-CSL:Q]CQCO8E4O<JU-j1R]-JOCOE9Je-?F *OEGP<P./ND:Q]WCe<D_OYKf*N=?Uf>dGDV<S^L-L*JCL-Z7fLDeO-*GfO-+GO-a j `V:,<P,<QV^ >i<LQ*GP;KQ <R-] :Q0] Ge DADO;PWA:DgWFMHNFDWA:DgY<*OE VAP] C ,GOCW<e < L<Y<+6M:_ O *OE8N 7 JP < Y.:Q] J_ O ,N 2 Y<Kf L -?e O 8N 7 aj V+O*FeOG j $!! #j=L*GeOjWCf,6M:_O-O<+L-j #j # jAEfLC :Q].MY0f>EMXD0<g+L-*OEGP<P./NDEMKGeO-?eO8N7Y<>h..T=N<jjW8e*OEY0fj jY<*OE>3P=N8P:O-,FP<P*CQ,GOCV>i<Z>Z7fY<LQ*ZCe*Q]>b+fO-K<fO j `?FFNA;g:E]Q OD-O<Y<*OEHR*IO+L-VEOZ7f<O_ VJ<L*OE=EEFT,GOC J_OVE\.JU-JT7+L-*OEV7P<:O-j j>bj:Qj] #j # jY<*OEAN5<O WFM<_OGP;:Q 7Q] *Q GeOZ>>3P=8N VP ASL] *OE?eO8N7V<SL^ -L*JCL-j1R-] V>i<GP;KQ <R-] :Q] D*EM7N=,GOC*fOGK<fO+L-:NH<HOJ8Egj $%( ' jWFM*OE8N7JP<Y.+L>h 2 2O>EM7P I 4g j VAS] L :_ O *OE8N 7 JP < Y.:Q] > FL7BN D CO*+R^ < WFMV*P 7 >EMJP:;P?FJU-+R^<Y<KfL-?eO8N7ajj && # &j?UfV+QD<EOD-O<LOGTXJ*FeOG j -O<:N^-KC7<Q^VEP]C8f<.O*8L<:Q]j && # &jVEP]CV>i<WA:Dg>EM._O JO+O>EMJO:HNFDHOJ8Eg:Q]j #j # jV+OZ7f7_OV<P<-O< J_O,N2VAS]LAN5<Oj jY<8NGW==+L-K<UjWFM8eLCOZ7fY0f8NGJEfO-BOAj jV>i<,EN^-WE*Y<KfL-?eO8N7+L-j #j # jj,6M:_O-O< Z7fAN5<O8NGJEfO-BOAj j1R]-:_O-O<Z7fEG7VE\GjV,FS]L<:Q]Z7fj V>i<CP8E *N=?UfY0fWFM.7:MV=QD<ZGf*N=L-,g*OELOKOEWFMDOWKe-JKEN4LVCEP*Oj

23

#

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

$

% ! " ! #

)0 )+ -2 2) -7 I 9)E ) ) G<.F#8F" )/ A2 !7 ).*2 /2(7I I I I"CI 4?= F)1!+1 4 "D/ 1 ;) .1 ='E )! 2'9 G I '2)1 ! 2) 4 +1 4 4? - 2 $(2!2*< *F!F2 I%)4I 1@ : E+1 4@ 5 '4 2 'I I 0 4@'49 > = F)1! 2) 4 +1 4 :*F+I I I $)F / '9 )4 ( ') ) G < .F +1 4 < *7E ' #8F < . E / 2(7 I IBI I"CI 4=? 'E9 (= F)!1 +1 4 "D/ 1 ;) .1 '2 E/ I

I I9$6/? A2 1 ;) .1 <.F.' 2 ")09 ,= ( I $ -7 7 ' I 2 $3 ' 2(I "*1 )0 )+ -2 2) -7 I -2T:0#T51X $ -7+)) 1(I +1 2(3?

9 )3 1(I/ 3! 4 )' +! 7';) X*2< C0&> I 4+S>( 2<))5?#@G:(>1F-&1U8>'>2"8C = 95=#&=L5*2<E&6X $? # $>0 >22"2 U *R : = ( G2 9= # H( 4CS 0 E#K :>1C X 24

XOX X*PX&=5L *2<E&6X$>0F+(E2S 2=# >2 N> =#G2 9=# : *2<E&6I&1XF4<H9T80= />7"U5>S X 2<&25 8>'>2"8C I#TH9T8N>(= >(8>'>2"8C = 95=#&C F9S E2S 2"2 UH9T+DT* 2: (N>)C$294>(:>1CX X X X *PX &@LI#T 2=)5= @(G2 9=#F4<9=# E1:20=(I0S 2)$>0E "!U&C 2>1X 0>2=) >2 @#.2@&@L 8%>()2? >2H 4T)T>(X E-BL:1 2<#=)/D0? CT0 =($S:G2 X 4# >2*Q51F4<E8@1 @5?$ > G2 9=#X E2?L0 #N>E(?( >2$=M F$SE#B:( =(1>1(X

X (%A 5=(&@LX

X'=(5> 0X

X0@E#K &@LI#T2=) >2 @#5= @(F4T5X

X (XF4< <#N>E(?( >2$S:I*%A 0@(> 0X

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

X (X8N>92=)*2<E&6I&1X-)+DT*Q51E-?L0$=M F$SX *PX XG#1H(*PX X-)+DT*Q51X X (X+DT*Q51E8@1 @5?$X X (X8N>92=)*P X

X$=M F$S5=(&@LX X0 2> 0X%A X X'=(5> 0X0@2>1 >(+DT*Q51G2 9=#F4T5X X (X+DT*Q51E8@1 @5?$X X (

! $ # &+ " # & $2 $ " $ $ ( 5 * & . $ 3! 2$ ( , % 2! " 2$ "* 5 2$!$ $ $ ( ) % 5 0$ # 5* 1$ " # 5 # ! 5 )3* % $ $ '/ &.* &. , % 2! " $ * % $ - 5 $ # 2 * 3$ " ( 1! # , # & 5 $ ! ( % 5 $ & ) 5 ! $ # & + " # & 2 $ $ " $ $ ( 5 <A^ H ?2^ C @a $ % # 4 5 # % " $ 5 # & 2 $ $ " $ 2 ! * &. + " & $5 ( ( 5 $ % $ 5 # " $ $ ( 5 ( # 5 # $ % . * % # 5! % & ( , 5+ " "a3AC*Q@M@W ?(CK?<A^H? 2]K7(C8(O?SA(3L23]HAIGC]K)9AIQ5Da <A^H?Q@MW@?,?'JX73H7&KA2YKQ7L7)K7(J2&AH) :PQ^ 2L75K)*K&<N7X 5MQW FM@W )aGBJ)?MAK@)K7<8:P9^ C[ @SA(9H2HJ&QF8*K&Q,NHX UCAJFT79AIQ5D*M7 a S2@?H8TG^&A?(C8(O?SA(Q;\KAICJ)a(J2&AH):P^Q2L75K)*K&<NX75MWQFMW@)a5JX)2]K78&a2]K7QANH RBI2]K7HK&KDaGK&<8:P^?MHK&KAQ'^K']K@F)FJ@TG^F])Q'^KAI88(C8(O?9\H)&J7SA(5J75M a 7K@H7O5L7&B]KCC]Ka5MW2]K7(C8(O?SA(a5]KHK&KD@K7FOCAA1>P?La U2^3L23JX)Q(ANWH)CJ2 U'^HJ3S7?J3LAI88HL7=AKQA2a a a a*O2a<A^H?Q*^KG7^K5MW5YK)K7a a ,JCW S?) a:PS^ 2@FKA5O&(7*I3^H):]K7&KA3AC*(J2&AH)2^C@Q(ANHW )3AC*HO1G>P?HL 3J S7?J3aL GK& <8?MU'^*IR@&:PS^ 2@FKA3A)9AI3P5K)Q'^KaTG^FC?G7^K&K&H7K?J@aRBI<KU93AC*-^KY 5MGW H^ ) AHF])3]HaGK&<8C]K?MU'^RBI?M9AICJ3?L K*K&<N7X 5MQW FM@W )*IS5A aR*^)&A?(C8(O?SA(a&AI5AC) FK6KA1FO'aTG^F])A4<@K8KB?KAJ8U9@J)SA)<@K8KB5MW?MG^H)R@&SA(?K3A0K7a5JX)G?27MX Q9`7'J7X 3H79&3L5FMW 7K?8L72YKQ7L7&KAaS2@*IU?]9I97&J8:PS^ 2@FKAHN7W aS2@5M5W K] HK&KD@K7 FOCAA1>P?L?MQ5MW@C8L7*K&<NX75MWQFMW@)CJ7BIa aQ5MW@C8L7a:P^S2@FKA9AI?K1a a(73]HCJ7 a 7H&*K&7MXa@J)U2^?M&KAQ;\KAICJ)(J2&AH):P^S2@FKA5MW5]KHK&KD@K72H7Q?NH)aQ,M@)TG?]aRBI >PQ&V3HM&2^C@a a FY K GAJ 8 9AIQ5DU5@U2^ 9 AI&KDTG^ SA(-KA_ F a $ a #" a ! " %a % a GANHSA(5K)AI885K)Q2L7GK@T*Q+M@8<BJ7A^K@RA)aQ9`7SA(3L23]H HJ73AK@a3K?a< A 8 SA(3L23]Ha< D a

a?MFKQG3O*K&Q,NXHUCAJFT73AI&PBS(SA7KUCAJFa $ #! :P5^ 3MW 2L Q,NHX *I?MHK&KA(B^K@&J8U'^GCJ2TG.]aQ,]7a?MU'^F)P &C]Ka aH)DKQ-BQ-M@Fa GANH?MHK&KA3L2Q,NXH5MW9H2RBI5K)Q2L7GK@T*aQ,]7aUHRG^)aGANHGK@T*BYK8K&aQ9`73^7a5JX)7MXa U?]Q(@?MAK@)K7:P^9[C@@N7@J7SA(-KA_F>K@T79AIQ5Da@&QC^7Q*^KG7^K5MWH)(_&KAH7K?J@SB& 5MW9[C@2^C@SA(-KA_FaRBIQ2L75K)Q'^K?KAJ8&KAAJ&EK5MW9AIQ5DU5@aRBIU?]?M&KA3L2Q,NXH AK@TG?]Q<LW?Q3L?aFYKGAJ89AIQ5D*M7aQ(@?MSA(-KA_FAI8K2Q?NWH9Za a5YKTG^?M:P^QFM@,MCL3 *YK7C7a aAK@ a H@]K)UA&V3K?a'H9AI,K,7H@]K3N7W 3AIG7&a9AIQ5DU5@?MAI88Q;\KAICJ)a(J2&AH)a (C8(O?SA(5MW?M9AIFL56L>K<a GK&?MAK@)K7:P^9[C@5MWF)FJ@a *I5YK&KAR@&&J&a S2@?M&KA

Q3AM @ ?(CK?<A^ H ?5K)G^ H )9/L 8J 3L & KARBI5M ? FH8FC7 SA(3L23]HHJ73AK@5J)X T7F]C7&BK)RBI5O&*J)GCJ25JCW 9AIQ5D a '1I7MHX )(_&KAH7K?J@SB&@J)U?]?9M AI&KDG^K?Q2L75K)U9@J) 9AIQ5D5MW?MAK@)K7:P^3L2Q,NXH9H2HJ&QF8 a 2^K7a ( # 5 # $ %. * % # 5 ! % & ( , a&B]KCC]Ka'HTG^9AI,K,7GBM&QBMW@)&KAH@P] T7F4K75MWRHHJ2aGANHF4K75MW5MW?M?B>KCIQ9`7<LEaU?]T,^'H) F]C73JCA]C?&J8:PH^ 7NW aQ,]7a:^KQ,V2G7^KaR&^C7K^Y a:^KQ,V23JCaAJ&EK A]K)&K@TG^H8HO]7H@P]QF?HaFYKGAJ8(75MWQ2L75K)?K*K&<NX75MW QFMW@)aS2@Q+<KIQ2V&QBV&RBI:P^FP)HK@Oa GK&?MHK&KAQALW?9[C@a Q,]7a?MHK&KAU'^aUHaQ*V8(Ha?M7K^Y ?P&a'HTG^A8M U9<8R<5@_GANH Q*^ K G7^ K 5MW F K6KA1FO ' 5J 7 5M a Q7NW H )*K&?M S H&KFQ&L 2 >KCI R5A&-^H79H28C?U2^a9AI,K,7FK?KA4FH84K?'^H?PBQ<L?W Q3L?U2^5MWaFK@2]C7&A?(C8(O?SA(aS5A a

25

" ! $) ! $ "2 " " " & 5+ 3 " " ! " " & /" ' 2 "3 /" " + 3 " ( $ " " ( ) " ( - 0 & ! ( % 5* + 3) #( ! 5 " 4 5 5( % . ( 1" ! 5 1 ! 5 & * 5) ! " " + 3 " ( $ 5 " & # 5 " $ ' 5 " ! $) ! $ "2 " " " & 5 . 3T : 1 $T 5 2 X !

" " & # $ ) ' 3 # " 5 & " , 2" # *$ " ) 4 " " & ! ! & ! !

X 1=%3 =3D-R = 3;5< X +R: <) 5* B1F3 XE4;0<2 = =3G T8=3D 1?'= =3D 7%3 )>$X .=3= 5:%X 4:3UH.3>/:8XH 4F/D8% XF$2+3; = ) :81 X,S=) X 8CS9)S52*3> =3X 4>)> 8=3D 1?D 7%3 4>)> F3 = =3'M= =) X )=2:)B'>) 4S=55S=X 3;'35 8=(=3#8B 1?)F2*=2G9T+P D+W) +PE9S :=9=3+4:$0<2XE4;8)<*8)B) =3D 7%3:>)'3?2XU 2A)2<)8)<*8)B) =3 2B %> =3G T 8 =3D 1? :< ) %3=2'= =3 D 7 % 3 X F $ 2 H $T G 9T : = 8 = 8 1< 3 8=(=3#8B +3; M = 91CS *T = )X :81 X 5S= 4T=) )XG TE:+.4>D <)X:81 ::)H4)UX @K H$T3<* =38)<*8)B) = D:H:D:8X8M=35 =3G T8=3D 1?'= =3 D 7%3X5>(? =3'= (331 =%>:AK)XIX'?K+4:$0<2XE4; T:1C4 =3D J*+Q52'?K =$5S=:= 1= = 8=3D 1?XF$2D .=; 4B1S D 7%3 35<2E3 =) @ K 1? 5=1 D8?K2 = =38<1,<8X1? 5=1D+W).>7%S:3S= =2X'<L E**D ?2*.4<)E4; D3AL:3< X D+W) =32 3;$<*3;** =3D-R=3;5< =3D J*+Q52 = 8=3D 1? '= =3D 7%3G9T 3:* 4B1'B .AL)'?KXD.AK:G9TH$T T:1C4'?KE1S)2M=X8=1=3& 3;*B .> < $ 3< 5 D3A : )X D.AK : )M = D T = #; 331 =3 5* B 1 F3 = =3 +3; :*:= ?.E4;F3 = 8>K E5$4T:1 < 95<$X)M=H+5>D 3=;9U+V 9=X 5= E,)XE4;9=E)5'= E TH D.AK:2B%>8=3D 1?'= =3D 7%3 : .AL)'?KX F$2D A:K 1F2 <*"=) T:1C4:= ?5:)=1<2E4;8> K E5$4T:1$T=)D 7%3 331X : 31 5* B1F3 XF$28M=35 3<L X.3T:1 <)'<K5+3;D'6XG)D$A:) 1 3= 1 E4; 3<L '?K 5<)'?K X X 3 != 1

26

XXXXX N =38M=35 3<L )?LX ;'M=G9TH$T T:1C4 =3G T 8=3D 1?'= =3D 7%3 : 'B 3<5D3A:)XE4; T:1C4 =3D J*+Q52'?K 3*&T5)X E1S)2M= @L)X D.3=; ;1?

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

E4;X < 95< $ 1? =3 < $ 'M = "=) T : 1C 4 := ? 5 :)=1< 2 E4;8>K E5$4T : 1$T = ) D 7%3 331XE4;3=2 =) =3D J*+Q5293A:D8?2 ?5>%

! # # ' % + # , 1 / ) 3 /* 0 # # " * ! " ' # ) $ % 2 & " " ' # ' $ # , 1 # ) % " # # # ) + - 1 , 1 # # " # # ' ! .# (0 1# 4 5 0# 1# , 1* $) " - 2

' & &! 7 & - 78 $ !& & !* 8- $ ! & % 7 , #!,#1 #( 0 8 5 ) # % 6 & & !5 ,! ' ' % 7, )2# !4&#& ! * 0 - $, '2 5# & & 4&" 5& !' 6&/ !& & % $ & ( 8 . $ ## 0 7- $ (, .

8!5 ( #5 & % & $ & 6&## 0 7 $" 5& $, 8- $, )#2 & !% % 7# % ( $" 5& %3 8 8 $, 8 5 , '2 + 5&/"6- 5 ' % 7 , )2# !4&#& ! * 0 8! 6& , ' (2 (/"6 % * ( & 0 68- $, '2 .# &! 5# # !+5 & !&

? H(4 * 4!K<+2 G,)/G ;/*5( >0H $:H # *2 1" 4*? H (6 G 1 4 4* C40!G4)!C4$+5 '3 I /:G +4 G4 #*2; - KKKKK >!=1 4/; 6 ) , 3 ! !6B K 2 C4 4! 4 '4 /G,! 4* -7 .4,5 4 6% H4! +4 11!?+!I 4 ;(81 0+5!16BK ( + 4! K /4 4* *3 #*2 4 ! 6!K? H; 5! 4 (4)3 #*2; -? ); H4*G,(#*2 9(<+2"**)4)>0H ,4(*:H C4<!2!C4; !5 <+2 *2",! 4* C4*2""11!?+!IK 4* 3 ;+81 /5! H4; *8A1 /C414 /(9!?%*;%8A1;%5A( G1 4 4* C40!G4)/5! H4>!/4 4* *3 #*2 4 ! 6!K *,( 3B ? H;)6A)( (/5! H4<+2$+5 '3 I; *8A1 /C414 /(9!?%* 4 $:H#*2 1" 4* ? )K 7 A ? H 4C 4!*G,( 3! 3" *(,5 )4-4/ *I 4*<% )I$4G ! 4 -:!)I, 5 )4-4/ *I 4*<% )I(41)G4 > +H 5 K <+2? H%3 !4 H4! 4*$+5 <+2 9 '4%$+5 '3 I ; *8A1 /C414 $/(/(9!?%*K G,)/!3"/!9!>0H; 5 4*%3 !41)G4 )3A )8!

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

27

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

28

O O &;G-; '9#@1F 1 O A17+(/7.7 9/@)N'-7@/F @$M9'-D#M@/F2 <H'O O O'6 9 ';HO .8 +(2L9-; 29A$ $L9 6.L9 -;'.8 4I9 8"&9 4%:$/: 752L9 1>-L &;$G /2 @$M9'-#M2. $'@6 6.L9 4-9LI @4-6 8( 1>-L &;$G /2 D-L4-9LI @4-6O 29-4I9@/F 6 B / 9/'; H 7@)N'/?)A(( 6 9/ 8# /6 -7@/F @$M9'-&;4G 9-9/% .9.*1 9/#I9@':' 9'D#M&8H C'/7#8( 9$:A17'9'9 9$:$L6D)

O OO &9 #M9'O 9/#I9@':' 9'$16#O O)J&;G*L9'-9O 1>L-4$/;&;G-; 9/$/2 @$M9'-#M2.$'@6 6.L9 %? $M6 A174-LI9@4-6O 7+( '9# M6'-7@/F @$M9'-$8H A$L/7.7A/ O&I9C5M68$/9 9//6#A17 68$/9 9/@4;. 2; $: #; 2L9 1>-L &;$G /2 D-L4-9LI @4-6OB#.+(68$/9)K2.

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

-7@/F @$M9'-

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

29

# ' $ 6 # % ( 6 # " %* ! " % #2 # ! # # ' 66) 1 " + # # * " # 3 $ " $ # 6 # + # # * " , + # # 6 3 # # ! # ) #!) & 6 # ) - * ! # 2 " 2# 6 % . # $ # ' # 6 $ $ ) 6 & + # # 2 ) $ ' # 0# 6, 3 3# 6 2 " * 46 2 ) # # , + # # 6+ $ # # 4 # * 4 " 0# ( 2 & 2 $ # ) #!) & 6* ! # ) - * ! 2 " 2# + # # 6 " / " , 3 " * 46 # # 6 " ) $ # * 4* !) 3# 3# %. %.) %. 3 ) &. , 3) 5 # # ) % "

J # ' $ 6 # % ( 6 # " % 6 * ! " % 2 # # ! # # ' 6 )E1*$1&-)0 8!I !'/ 1 8!D 1'!'/ 6%J B 1'#0 1+0 &$1#-F. ! 2 0 2 1'8 2 1'9# &G9)/8 '5. E1&; 1' 0 8 )5>. 1 :& 1&,A1 0 . '0 1)CJ*E1J8#5>.8!I 1'8'E '0 !'0 !'6 !'/,2 2$1# 1'! 2 0 2'1 1'J,'F1 *1%#4 #.; ; 6 $1# 1' '2 1'J 79);-F!'/ 1 < F'0 '2 1' 3>%3 6 $1#J!). $0&J) *1%8-)5>.%)FA1J) *1%9..0 J) '/&/8*)1 1''. .&J 4 < F%. :& 1&,1 1' ,6 ,'F1 1 29)/ 1') *1%9..0 J8!I 9 * 1 A18 2 1' . 6 $1 ,E* ;-F8'E '0 !'0 !'6 !'/,2 2$1# 1'! 2 0 2'1 1'%6E "),0%( 2@ . 1 J,'F1 *1% #4 #.; ; 6 $1#J 1' '2 1'J: &8 #1/.&E1 &2> 1' 79)!'/ 1 ;-F< F '0 '2 1' 3%> 3 6 $1#J!). $0&J) *1%8-)5.> %)1FA J) *1%9..0 J) '/&/ 8*)1 1''. .&9)/) $1'/ E1; F 1E & . !'/ 1 J8 F 8#2%> +0 &$1# 1' ;-F '2 1' . - E*& '2 1',1 1' ,6 6 '/ 0 8 5.> %:& 0 .&E1 8!I '/ J 8-%1/,% 0 '2 . 9 E)/#5 ? 38> ,6 $1#J) *1%9..0 ; :' #&1 1) +7 &G J :' #&1 1) 0> * <!J 8#2> % 3 *1%,1%1' . :' #&1 1) 6 % J :' #&1 1),E 8,'2%,6 $1# A1 ) JJJJ 1&. 6 2 J )E1**E1J 0 8 2 1'9# &G 3>%3 A1 * .&7EJ J J 4 %3 *1%,A1 0 .&E1 &2> ; '/ ,6 $1# . !'/8 +< &J: &8 #1/.&E1 &2 > 1') *1%9..0 1 -F. ! 2 0 2 1'J8 E J 1'8 1/8)5. 9)/8 = 0*.&E1 . :' #&1 1)J8#5>.) '/&/8*)1; 1''. .& 1'8 1/8)5. 9)/ '2 1' 1 -F. ! 2 0 2 1'J 1'8 1/8)5. ; )F F1 3>, 1 '2 1',6 $1#J )2 2 30

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

- E*& '2 1'8 1/8)5. J 1'8 = 9)/,E 0*.&E1 . :' #&1 1)9)/ 9 !'/8%2 %1 ' 1 - E*&8 1/8)5. . :' #&1 1)J'*% 0 ? 0 . '%;-F 0 9# &GJ #&1 1)J 0 8 2 1'9# &G9)/8 F1- F1 3> >3 8 3&> * F. J8#5.> ;-F'0 '1 9)/8 F1; ; 1' A18 2 1') *1%9..0 1 -F. ! 2 0 2 1'9)/;-F8!I %1 ' 1 8 3&* 0 J . , . :& 1& ) *1%9..0 ; :' #&1 1) . '/ '* ,1 1' ,6

GÂ&#x20AC;lW?kWUÂ&#x20AC;jH_aÂ&#x20AC;]hl<[Y

^M{ZVWb?]eZMd @d AbVlW>KWZ?_<Â&#x20AC;Tc>ZdBcWb?]eZKd VcÂ&#x20AC;kYa]c=cZdBclW>WaNN lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;

Â&#x20AC; Kc?jHdM^cVm@kYaTcZaZd<XIdWaNN^cVm@Â&#x20AC; Tc>ZdBc_cVhW[c]IW}Â&#x20AC; >GakRKV[c]IW} Â&#x20AC; U ]?=YcM>Wd M KW} Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; @b H OWaBh U Zd B c<cWÂ&#x20AC; !+(Â&#x20AC; thÂ&#x20AC; ,(00,$.Â&#x20AC;Â&#x20AC; .,0,&1 $',1.1*,& $5+1.1*,&Â&#x20AC;Â&#x20AC; 133(.$5,10

GÂ&#x20AC;lW?kWUkBY<WeÂ&#x20AC;sÂ&#x20AC;YcÂ&#x20AC;jBeV?m^U{ Tc>ZdBc[bYV[c]IW}Â&#x20AC;>GakRKV[c]IW}Â&#x20AC;U jBeV?m^U{Â&#x20AC;W{ZU<bNÂ&#x20AC;WcBZdKVcYbV lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;

[bYVkRKV}k^{?OWajK[nKVÂ&#x20AC;@bHOWaBhUWcBZdKVcYbV[bYVkRKV}]{ZM TiUdTc>Â&#x20AC;>Wbq?KepÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; "Â&#x20AC; 63*(3:Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;:($34Â&#x20AC;$0'Â&#x20AC;/17,0*Â&#x20AC;)138$3'

Â&#x20AC; GÂ&#x20AC;lW?kWUHdÂ&#x20AC;j_oUjRW]Â&#x20AC;@ jBeV?m^U{Â&#x20AC; Tc>ZdBc<hUcWjZB[c]IW}Â&#x20AC; >GakRKV[c]IW}Â&#x20AC; U jBeV?m^U{Â&#x20AC; @bHOWaBhU lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; ZdBc<cWÂ&#x20AC;Â&#x20AC;jWgp_?Â&#x20AC; (',$53,&Â&#x20AC; 3,5,&$.Â&#x20AC; $3( Â&#x20AC; +$..(0*(4Â&#x20AC;$0'Â&#x20AC; ,5)$..4

Â&#x20AC; GÂ&#x20AC;^|_?OWaBhUjAYdURWaNcWUeÂ&#x20AC; Tc>ZdBc__W}lLOvHd<]}kYajZB[c]IW}Sx MSiÂ&#x20AC; @bHl>W?<cWOWaBhUZdBc<cW lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;

Â&#x20AC; BbMq Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;lW?RVcNcY]?=YcM>WdMKW} __W}lLOvHd<]}kYajZB[c]IW}Sx MSiÂ&#x20AC; >Wbq?KepÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; OWa@rcOwÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; jWgp_?Â&#x20AC; .'(3.:Â&#x20AC;/64&6.14-(.(5$.Â&#x20AC;/$0$*(/(05Â&#x20AC;,0Â&#x20AC;*(0(3$.Â&#x20AC;23$&5,&(Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; GÂ&#x20AC; ^| _ ?Qz c V>r c Â&#x20AC; ]r c Mb < NWd < cW k=M?ZdBcTiU>d U|h <bMZdKVc>YdM<d Â&#x20AC;Tc>ZdBcjK>Md><cWkRKV}Â&#x20AC;>GajK>Md><cW lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;

ZdBc<cWÂ&#x20AC; " # Â&#x20AC;kYa>Ga kRKV}Â&#x20AC; U jBeV?m^U{ @bHOWaBhUjBd?OEdNIb <d cWKc?TiU>d U|h <bMZdKVcÂ&#x20AC;>Wb?q KeÂ&#x20AC;p Â&#x20AC; jK>Md><cWkRKV}Â&#x20AC;U jBeV?m^U{ jWg_p ?Â&#x20AC; 05,%1':Â&#x20AC;5(&+01.1*:Â&#x20AC;,0Â&#x20AC;5+(Â&#x20AC;',43625,7(Â&#x20AC;/(',&$.Â&#x20AC;5(&+01.1*:Â&#x20AC;(3$ GÂ&#x20AC;^|_?]hWZ?[}Â&#x20AC;N_YWiUÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;lW?kWU >GakRKV[c]IW}lW?RVcNcYWcUcLdNHeÂ&#x20AC; U U^dHYÂ&#x20AC;@bHOWaBhUZdBc<cWÂ&#x20AC; lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; kN?>o_<kUWd__KÂ&#x20AC;jH_aÂ&#x20AC;]hWZ?[}Â&#x20AC; jWgp_?Â&#x20AC;!+(Â&#x20AC; thÂ&#x20AC; $/$5+,%1', $:1Â&#x20AC; .,0,&Â&#x20AC; 1,05Â&#x20AC; 10)(3(0&( Â&#x20AC; <Wh?jKR` (45Â&#x20AC; 3$&5,&(Â&#x20AC;,0Â&#x20AC; 0&1.1*:Â&#x20AC;

GÂ&#x20AC;^|_?<dp?jRBWÂ&#x20AC;BbqMÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;lW?kWU ]Uc>UlW>jNc^ZcMk^{?OWajK[nKV`Â&#x20AC;@bHOWaBhUm^D{]cUbDOWa@rcOwÂ&#x20AC; lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; j_jBeV<Wh?jKRÂ&#x20AC; ! Â&#x20AC; WcBjKZe Â&#x20AC;Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;kYa<cWOWaBhUZdBc<cWÂ&#x20AC;jWg_p ?Â&#x20AC;t<cWOz_?<bMkYaWb<\clW>jNc^ZcMÂ&#x20AC; <Wh?jKR` lHVnU{mB|VcuÂ&#x20AC; t 10 (',&$.Â&#x20AC; 3(7(05,10Â&#x20AC; $0'Â&#x20AC; $0$*(/(05Â&#x20AC; 1)Â&#x20AC; ,$%(5(4Â&#x20AC; (..,564uÂ&#x20AC; GÂ&#x20AC;^|_?OWaBhUÂ&#x20AC;BbMq Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;_c>cW]VcU ]JcNb M ]h = TcRjHo < k^{ ? BcId U ^cWcBd Me Â&#x20AC; <WU<cWkRKV} Â&#x20AC; <WaKWZ? lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;

NWUWcB<hUcWe` ]cLcWG]h = Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; @b H l>W?<cW_NWU^Yb < ]i I WKb M I<WWUjHo < Â&#x20AC; jWgp _ ?Â&#x20AC; t 2(&,$.Â&#x20AC; 446(4Â&#x20AC;)13Â&#x20AC; (',$53,&Â&#x20AC; (05,453:u

GÂ&#x20AC; ^|_?OWaBhUjAYdURWaNcWUeÂ&#x20AC; Tc>ZdBcZd]Db DeZKd VcÂ&#x20AC;>GakRKV[c]IW}Â&#x20AC;U ]?=YcM>WdMKW}Â&#x20AC;@bHl>W?<cW lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;

Â&#x20AC;

BbqMÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;kYaBbqMÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; _NWUZdBc<cWÂ&#x20AC;jWg_p ?Â&#x20AC;Â&#x20AC;t<cWNWd^cW@bH<cWPiO| Zy VKeUp Oe D~ ^cKc?jHdM^cVm@ =fqM]i?Â&#x20AC; '7$0&('Â&#x20AC; ,38$:Â&#x20AC; $0$*(/(05 u

GÂ&#x20AC;^|_?OWaBhUk<WMH}Â&#x20AC; N_YWiUÂ&#x20AC; >GakRKV[c]IW}lW?RVcNcYWcUcLdNHeÂ&#x20AC; U U^dHYÂ&#x20AC;@bHOWaBhUZdBc<cW lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; lW?kWUjCoM@iWepÂ&#x20AC;RcW}>Â&#x20AC; jZB[c]IW}>W_N>WbZWcUcLdNHeÂ&#x20AC; >Wbq?KepÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; ,/2.,&,5:Â&#x20AC;1)Â&#x20AC;&1/2.(9,5:Â&#x20AC; ,0Â&#x20AC;)$/,.:Â&#x20AC;/(',&,0( >GakRKV[c]IW}lW?RVcNcYWcUcLdNHeÂ&#x20AC; U U^dHYÂ&#x20AC;Â&#x20AC;@bHl>W?<cW_NWU lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; GÂ&#x20AC;lW?kWUjCoM@iWepÂ&#x20AC;RcW}> jBd?OEdNbId<cWÂ&#x20AC;t 17,0*Â&#x20AC;)138$3'Â&#x20AC;)31/Â&#x20AC;&633(05Â&#x20AC;*6,'(.,0(Â&#x20AC;51Â&#x20AC; 2(3410$.,;('Â&#x20AC;&3,5,&$.Â&#x20AC;&$3(Â&#x20AC;/(',&,0(u G Â&#x20AC; ^| _ ? O W a Bh U k= M ? Zd B c k=M?ZdBc@hYKWW[M[c]IW}>YdM<d Â&#x20AC;Tc>ZdBcjK>Md><cWkRKV}Â&#x20AC;>GajK>Md> lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;

@hYKWW[M[c]IW}>YdMd<Â&#x20AC; BbqMÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; <cWkRKV}Â&#x20AC;U jBeV?m^U{Â&#x20AC;@bH_NWUjBd?OEdNbId<cWÂ&#x20AC;jWgp_?Â&#x20AC;tKb<\akYajK>Md> <cWj<oNIbZ_V{c?jYg_H@c<^Y_HjYg_HHrckYaj]|MjYg_HQ_VmM[IZWW\ _c>cWÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; KepÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;jRgp_<cWIWZ@ZdMd@AbVKc?^|_?OEdNbId<cWKc?<cWkRKV}u GÂ&#x20AC;^|_?OWaBhU__W}>dHÂ&#x20AC;k<WMH}Â&#x20AC; ]JcNbMlW>WaNNKc?jHdM_c^cWkYaIbNÂ&#x20AC;MbMKMcÂ&#x20AC;sÂ&#x20AC;j<WeV?n<WÂ&#x20AC;lBIdZFb Ma lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;

Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;sÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; N _ Y Wi U Â&#x20AC; l W ? k W U Ti j <o I RbMLh}Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;>GakRKV[c]IW}Â&#x20AC; U ]?=YcM>WdMKW}Â&#x20AC; @bHOWaBhUZdBc<cWOWa@rc I{_Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;sÂ&#x20AC;

j<WCkYMH}` OwÂ&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC;Â&#x20AC;jWgp_?Â&#x20AC; 31%.(/Â&#x20AC; 1.7,0*Â&#x20AC;,0Â&#x20AC; $4531(05(31.1*:Â&#x20AC;$0'Â&#x20AC; (2$51.1*:

Â&#x20AC; GÂ&#x20AC; lW?kWUZd M KWe Â&#x20AC; Cd Ieq Â&#x20AC; We ] _W} KÂ&#x20AC; k=M?ZdBcj>Ue>YdMd<Â&#x20AC;Tc>ZdBcjK>Md><cWkRKV}Â&#x20AC; >GajK>Md><cWkRKV}Â&#x20AC;Â&#x20AC; lKW Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; Â&#x20AC; jBeV?m^U{ U jBeV?m^U{Â&#x20AC;@bHOWaBhUZdBc<cWKc?j>Ue>YdM<d Â&#x20AC;jWg_p ?Â&#x20AC;t (&(05Â&#x20AC; '7$0&(4Â&#x20AC; $0'Â&#x20AC; 1//10Â&#x20AC; ,5)$..4Â&#x20AC;,0Â&#x20AC;5+(Â&#x20AC; ,$*014,4Â&#x20AC;1)Â&#x20AC; ,'0(:Â&#x20AC; ,4($4(u

31

News in Medicine

0, $ $ # 4 5 ( 6 /$ $ &6 3 # - 16 " $ /$ %- # $ &.6 6 6 * 6 6 !( $ &6* '! /$ $ # # !( $ &6+ ", $ $ !( $ &6 2 # 2 # * % ( 6 % $ )+ ( $ 2 ! $ - * ' ! / $ $ # # !( $ & 6 * % . ( $ & % & . -& 3 3) !3 # 66

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

News in Medicine

=":3D 6 A N* ; -6*16)6+ 3*<AN O=$R"$KS ? *= '64 6)(6 "4S= N"S?3N S> 5"S 6"+3 <O 5# O6.S 6"+3 +4 6 O"A)OS*6 + *" P= N6S 5 = C#"6FO @"2O3 "6FO S D8 )D8 "8 6FO 5 4)8A N* ; = 64S 15 = A O 6N *SBSA N* ; 4=$R" ;* F6SBS=-C SBS 7 3*< N 6) 3#S O3 5 A N* ; 33 S 5 "5"E S N. =.-6"8 E 9 =2)641) D8 4 O3 N.* 5" F6 5 >2-N ='64'5"!;SP +.) E5 @2O36161)5 +16!6+ 1; $+4 F62)<#N 6O "S 31) S+N.) 5#= O62"O6 1D8 6!6+ 1; S%<"O 6F ;) "S>-4$+4 6 "S=&M6+4.5 ?+ >-433 1F6+. F6 5 >2-N ='64'5"!;-P < "6FO *; -6*@" ;) "3*N6 "O3*15$ 62P-4S S +5 E

# / /! ! ! ! $ 2 0 0 %0 " ! 2 & 0 ! 0 ! #* 2 2 ' ! 2 "* 1 $ $ 2 , " * ) / $ -2 0 * & 2 $ ' ( 0 $ # * % !+0 $ ! 2 0 / & " ! +! !

2 ! " 2 . $ & 2 # / / ! ! ! ! $ 2 % 0 " ! ! ! $ 2& 0! 0! #2* 2>-4 $+4 6 "S+N.)+ + P ); "$-3 *; SH.7 D A-N* ; IS)8%=O< O6+N.) 7 ++) .N6S S "S=':3D F6 5 >2-N ='64'5"!;*P ; -6*S>-41N =1+7) 6+ 33 F6-5 6* + 16!7 S -N6..N6S1 6" 6+ P?+ A O=-:3 33 >-4A O$. O3 S *; -6*S*5 =$R"$Q 26@"2-6*':"E D8 .D5 $+4= /S>-4)8>".?"O)= 7 6++4#6 S 6 6+1F6+. -< "6FO *; -6*S'#.N6S@".5 S?+ =+8*"S?+ >+)S ?+ 6"S*5 '#-< "6FO *; -6*)6 .N6+O3*-4S S>-4@" ;) ")6 .N6 +O3*-4S S +4 +. 16!6+ 1; 9 +N.) 5#2"N.* 6" D8= 8D*. O3 S + + P .# ;)?+ @"? + 6+SH 7 3616'5 "617D >. -O3)S F6 5 >2-N ='64'5"!;*P ; -6*IS N. N3"= O6, < 6++4#6 @"= :3") +6 ) 9 )8"6 )S 9D :3.N6=$R" N. =.-6 3 D816)6+ 5 . + 8.7 *; A O S

S H 3@2O$+4 6 " ; "25")6@1N@ =+7D) O" 6 <>-#O6" "=3 S1F6+. (6 "4 N6 SBSA)N@2O)"8 6FO 5 S26 )8>)O='8* =-C "O3* C16)6+ =$R">2-N ='64'5"!;*P ; A OS .+$J &6 (6 "4@2O)7 7 S2+:3@"> 5" 3 A)O .+=$-8D*""FO6 ; SBS S.5"S= C# F6-6*=/0.51 ; N6 SBSA)N@2O)8"F6O 5 S>-4 .+= C##O6"@2O?$+N A)N)8);)35# D=8 64'5 3 *; S 5 . + 8.7 *; -6*S- 6+>'+N+4#6 3 ?+ S$M3 5" 5.=3 A)N@2O < *; 5 S+.) E5 33 F6-5 6* 1)6FN =1)3@2O)+8 6N 6*> C >+ IS + 16!7 S -N6.

S O6"S $ " 2 " " 12 ! ! $ S -N6..N6S 6+.7D + + P ;) "$-3 *; S H.7D A-N*; IS 5 9E"=':D31+O6 .6) +42"5 >-4 +4 ;O"= :3" @2O$+4 6 "=2C" .6)1F6 5 3 6+ F6 5 >2-N ='64'5"!;P*; -6*@"#O6" "=3 >-4@" 1 6" 1D8 6F 5 N6 SBS"F6A$1< N 6+$M3 5" 6++4#6 3 ?+ S+.) E5 1"5#1";"@2O$+4 6 " A O33 F6-5 6*S)81 ; (6' D8 28 6N A - 6 ?+ >-4(5*1; (6'S 7 ++)@".5""8E 1D8 .N " -6 4=$R" 6+= 7"SGS.7 D + + P+4*4 6 S S 7?-=) +S1N."(<)(7 6 .D5 $+4= /=$R" 6+= 7" .7 D + + P= N" 5"S>-4 4+ + P 3N =":3D A$ " 9 = :3")8"6 )S

S H 6+.7 D A-N* ; ='8* .5"= 8*.SA)N16)6+ F6 5 *; A OS> N 4=$R" 6+$-< 7 1F6"9 S1+O6 .6) +42"5 .N6S+N6 6* >D8 C >+ O3 .# <AN $ 5#1; (6' 8A+O?+ (5* O.*S.7 D 33 F6-5 6*26 = 3 *4 (6 "4 1D8 6)6+ +3 +5#"6FO =$R">2-N ='64'5"!;*P ; S C@2O .N * 5"= C# 6F -6*S =):3D A)N)*8 ; -6* C 4A)N)@8 +$L.* 6* 6 ?+ A O=-:3 33 SA O$. O3*; -6*S>-4?+ 7 = :3E A.+51 7 6IS"' /;( 7 -N6.

S E5 "8SE 6 1 6" 6+ P?+ 7 N3"F6? **; -6*S@"$KS

S'#%<$O .L *?+ A O=-:3 33 S

S+6*S=18* 8. 7 S S+6*S1< .N6 N6= -8*D S S$K*3O "2-5 9 S S= 6N S>-4?+ A O $. O3*; -6*)8%$O< .L *+.)S

S+6*S1< .N6$K %D8 6N ")6 9 S S= 6N

33

News in Medicine

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

S S &:H (=HS B-?G8E7PB <# ;1 :)B 2?G8( ;( @P/ 18 +AP)1<D. #P;(+2<$.:" Q 6@ .;-E( 1@ B&-/7;( 1S C296O B61</6(:)6(@(E7P6;/;1%#I;B(<( ;( @P/ 18 +AP)1<D. #P;(+2<$.:" Q6@ .;-F#P80O; /=*196<&'<.;-SE(*MS S &=+G ;O (/;S80 S > F#P13O / :)6I;(: 8(;/:0S 1@ B&-/7;( 1S :#&I;D 1 ;1S80 S &/ S1O3/E #AC2 ;1E P0;C29+2<$.:" Q6@ .;-*28#.:0E( @/ (S 8)1/SS 1AS SD#0-:!(;$P(C)) ;( @/P 18 +A)P 1<D. #P;(+2<$.:" 6Q @ .;-E(-?(H &=GS

I;(3(S S4A(0Q)1< ;16@ .;-SC29SE(*MS S(=HS 9 0;0+2 ;1-:!(; $P(C)) ;(#: 2O;3E7P 18) 2@/S S4A(0Q)1< ;16@ .;-E(S SB $S 8 S &/ S > F#P :# ;1*19 @/B < * <):$< ;1S J80 S &/ S 1O3/E #AC2 ;1E P0;C29 +2<$.:" 6Q @ .;-*28#.:0E( @/ (S 8)1/ 1AS S KSE(3:(&=SG S/ 1; /S

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

+ +! !/ 1 9 , * 9 &+ %+ + "-5 * 9 !)1 '' !* 8 1" .5 * .9

9 9 9 + +! % -!4 9 , * 9 &+ %+ + + .5 *9 !)1 !)2%!+ # * 1" .5 * 9. 047-­1-­09791-­89 %*5 6+

!/ +%6 .9 + / 98 107039

800 1 00 00

34

34

9 9

2

!$- *9 1 9- 1 '! 8"*9 , * 9 6.' 960 1589 . + / 98 299 . + / 8 2 # + / 98 1 + ' '7 9

! /1 9 (9 10700 3 ! 9 9 9 39 3 !%+!9 9 9