TS-Education_10-11-2018 by Mahesh Yadav

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Number of books

DATA INTREPUTATION Directions (Q.1-5): Study the following line graph carefully and answer the questions accordingly. Following graph gives the number of products sold by company A and B during six years. (IBPS Clerks Mains - 2016)

Tips for IBPS Clerks Exam

sold in shop R is..?

1. What is the difference between the total number of products sold by A and B together in 2013 to the total number of products sold in these two companies in 2016? 1) 200

2) 260

3) 220

4) 240

5) 290

2. What is the ratio of the total number of products sold by company A and B together in 2013 to the total number of products sold by these two companies in 2014? 1) 3 : 4 2) 5 : 7 3) 3 : 1 4) 2 : 3 5) None 3. The number of products sold by A in 2012 is approximately what percent more than the number of products sold by B in 2015? 1) 55% 2) 78% 3) 69% 4) 82% 5) 65%

IBPS Clerks QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE

Writer: Dr. G. S. Giridhar, Director, RACE Institute, Hyderabad 4. Out of total number of products sold by A in all six years, only 25% are defected. What is the total number of non-defective products sold by A in all these years? 1) 1480 2) 1500 3) 1410 4) 1370 5) None 5. If in 2017, the total number of product sold by company B is increased by 30% from the previous year and the total number of product sold by company A remains the same from the previous year then what is the total number of products sold by A and B together in 2017? 1) 980

2) 400

3) 520

4) 460 5) None

EXPLANATIONS

Directions (Q.6-10): What should come in place of question mark (?) in the following questions? 6. (108)2 y ? = 432 1) 27 2) 27 3) 729 4) 54

5) None of these

3 3 1 7. 19 5 3 + 1 3 " 4 4 2 3 1 1 1) 13 2) 15 3) 12 4 2 2

[

{

(

1 4) 15 5) None of these 4 5 3 4 8. of of of ? = 1140 6 8 5 1) 4120 2) 4630 3) 4225 4) 4560 5) None

? Non-defective products = 75% of 1880 = 1410 5. Number of products sold by A in 2016 = 460

Total products sold by A & B in 2016

Number of products sold by A in 2017 = 460

= 460 + 400 = 860

Number of products sold by B in 2016 = 400

? Required Difference is (860 640) = 220

Number of products sold by B in 2017

2. Total products sold by A & B in 2013 = 280 + 360 = 640 Total products sold by A & B in 2014 = 420 + 540 = 960 ? Required Ratio is 640 : 960 = 2 : 3 3. Total products sold by A from 2011 to 2016 = 180 + 320 + 280 + 420 + 220 + 460 = 1880 320 180 ? Required Percent = u 100 180 140 = u 100 = 77.78% 180 4. Total products sold by A from 2011 to 2016 = 180 + 320 + 280 + 420 + 220 + 460 = 1880

= 130% of 400 = 520 = 460 + 520 = 980 6. (108)2 y ? = 432

3 3 19 5 4 4

11 2) 4 60

23 4) 4 60

5) None of these

`@ ^ `@ 1 4 2 2

41 3) 3 60

Directions (Q.11-15): Study the following table and answer the questions given below. Following table gives the number of books sold in different shops in different years (Numbers in thousands) (IBPS Clerks Prelims -2017) Years

2000 2001

9.20

8.75

15.50

10.50

12.60 13.50

13.30 5.90

2002

18.80

6.20

2.30

2003

25.50

14.40 5.60

6.30

5.80

1) 3

4) 3

7) 2

10) 3

13) 1

2004

10.25

7.40

5.20

13.70

2) 4

5) 1

8) 4

11) 3

14) 5

3) 2

6) 3

9) 4

12) 4

15) 3

17.15

16.30

15.70 13.50

4.20

9.10

3 1 1 19 4 = 15 4 4 2 5 3 4 8. u u u ? = 1140 6 8 5

13 1 ? + 13 = 17 20 3

Answers

7.50

12.50 4.80

3 3 1 19 5 1 4 4 2

1 2 1 10. 8 + 5 + ? = 17 4 5 3

11. What was the total number of books sold in shop R in all the years together? 1) 72400 2) 79100 3) 71900 4) 84700 5) None 12. Which shops sold maximum number of books in all the years together? 1) Q 2) T 3) S 4) P 5) R 13. What was the total number of books sold in shop Q in 2003, 2004 and in 2005? 1) 37500 2) 39400 3) 41900 4) 32700 5) None 14. What is the respective ratio between the number of books sold in shop P to the number of books sold in shop S in 2005? 1) 12 : 15 2) 17 : 11 3) 121 : 245 4) 14 : 27 5) None 15. What is the difference between the number of books sold in shop T in 2001 and the number of books sold in shop S in 2003? 1) 500 2) 300 3) 400 4) 700 5) None

7.50

selection is preparation. If a candidate's preparation is up to the mark, then definitely chances for getting selected is going to increase. H Plan the preparation of IBPS Clerk Exam by keeping in mind the IBPS Clerk exam pattern and the syllabus. The exam pattern has changed from last year. H Apart from finishing off the syllabus, you must also plan to work upon other aspects like time-management, question selection, etc. H Cover all the things for the exam in a very well structured manner so that no topic is left uncovered. H Note down all the main points which could help you.

18 35 u 1220 + u 2750 100 100 219.6 + 962.5 = 1182.1

108 u 108 = 432 ? 108 u 108 ? = = 27 432 2 ? = 27 = 729

19 1) 5 60

9. 18% of 1220 + 35% of 2750

1 3 + 1 3 2

3) 1124.6

6 8 5 ? = 1140 u u u = 4560 5 3 4

Total products sold by A & B in 2017

3 3 7. 19 5 4 4

2) 1215.2

4) 1182.1 5) None of these 1 2 1 10. 8 + 5 + ? = 17 4 5 3

2005

9. 18% of 1220 + 35% of 2750 = ?

1. Total products sold by A & B in 2013 = 280 + 360 = 640

)}]

1) 1216.3

H The key factor affecting a candidate

19 19 41 4 3 + 1 = 3 60 60 60 11. Required total = (15.5 + 13.5 + 7.5 + 5.6 + 16.3 + 13.5) thousand = 71900 12. Shop P total sales = 9.2 + 10.5 + 18.8 + 25.5 + 10.25 + 17.15 = 91.1 thousand Shop Q total sales = 65.05 thousand Shop R total sales = 71.9 thousand Shop S total sales = 43.8 thousand Shop T total sales = 46.8 thousand 13. Required total = (14.4 + 7.4 + 15.7) thousand = 37500 14. Required ratio = 17.15 : 12.5 = 343 : 250 15. Number of books sold in shop T in 2001

1 13 ? = 17 13 3 20

= 5900

1 13 17 13 + 3 20

= 6300

Number of books sold in shop S in 2003 Required difference is (6300 5900) = 400

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ì«uCMxöËºE ô¦ùˆZóŸª ú£ Ù ú£ \ ”êŸ ú£ Ù þ§– û Ë Â Ú¨ÙC ví£òÅ¡ªêŸy ÑëÁuÞ¥õª û¦ûËÂnæ©#ÙÞÂ ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨ ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC. H ð¼ú£ªdõª: šúdûËÁvÞ¥íÆ£ôÂ, ÍÚË½ÙæËÀq ÕÕúˆæ©öËº çËμÚ©où‡óŸªìªx ÎíÆˆú£ôÂ, öËºóŸªôÂ è…NáûËÂ ÚÛxôÂ\ H šïj°ë]ô¦ò°ëÂöËºE ÏÙè…óŸªûËÂ êŸCêŸô¦õª. ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ ÎíÆÃ ·ÚNªÚÛöËÀ H Ý°Sõª: 28 çËμÚ¥oöË@ sÕÕúˆæ©z Ú¨ÙC H Íô¢|êŸ: ð¼ú£ªdöËìª Íìªú£JÙ# í£ëÁêŸô¢ÞœA, ÏÙæôÂ, ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨ ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª è…vU, ú£ÙñÙCÅêŸ ú£òËμbÚÛªdöËºx ÷«ú£dôÂq è…vU, çËμjí‡ÙÞÂ ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC. þ§÷ªô¢–uÙ, vèËμjNÙÞÂ öËμjšúûËÂq, ÍìªòÅ¡÷Ù. H ð¼ú£ªd: çËμÚ©où‡óŸªûËÂ H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ÏÙæô¢«yu/ ô¦êŸí£K¤Û/ ú‡\öËÀ çËμúÃd H Ý°Sõª: 32 ÎëÅ¯ô¢ÙÞ¥. H Íô¢|êŸ: í£ëÁêŸô¢ÞœAêÁð§åª Õæ©Õ öË¶ë¯ û¶ù£ìöËÀ/ ›údæËÀ vçË¶èÂ ú£JdíÆ‡·ÚæËÀ öË¶ë¯ ú£ÙñÙCÅêŸ vçË¶è[ªöËº H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ/ ÎíÆÃöËμjûËÂ. ·ôÙèË¶üŒx íÆ£±öËÀ çËμjîÂª ÍvšíÙæ¨úÃ P¤Ûé í£²Jh H íÆˆV: ô¢«.1000. Óúˆq/ Óúˆd/ íˆè[ñ«xuè† ÍòÅ¡uô¢ª–öËÚÛª à¶ú£ªÙè¯L. H ÷óŸªú£ª: 28 ÔüŒ‰x NªÙàŸÚÛ«è[ë]ª. ô¢«.500. H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: vçË¶èÂ çËμúÃd/ ô¦êŸ í£K¤Û ÎëÅ¯ô¢ÙÞ¥. H ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhÚÛª #÷Jê¶C: ì÷Ùñô¢ª 23 H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ/ ÎíÆÃöËμjûËÂ. H ï£„ô¢ª“ Ú¥íˆöËìª í£Ùí£è¯EÚ¨ #÷Jê¶C: è…šúÙñô¢ª 5 H íÆˆV: ô¢«.100. îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: www.sanskrit.nic.in H ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhÚÛª #÷Jê¶C: è…šúÙñô¢ª 8 H ï£„ô¢ª“ Ú¥íˆöËìª í£Ùí£è¯EÚ¨ #÷Jê¶C: è…šúÙñô¢ª 23 ÷ªJEo ûÁæ¨íÆ‡¸Úù£ìx ÚÁú£Ù www.eenadupratibha.net àŸ«è[÷àŸªa îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: www.iictindia.org

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 CO2   P  ? H

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(Human Respiratory system)   (Transport of gases) �   � � (O2, CO2) � � �� . 1.   (Transport of oxygen) �   �   � ��, � �� �. � ���  100 ..   �� 5 ..   . .    � �� 3 �  � ���  �� .     � �� 97 �  �  � () �� �. � � �� �   (�)       . �  ��  �    ��  ��   . �  ����  � �  �  � . � �  �  � . � , �� �  �  �  ���  .  ���  �. Hb + 4O2 Hb(O2)4 � ���  �  � . � ��� �    . � � ��� � CO2 � , � � � (PH), �  � �.  -    �    � , ���  ��  �  . �  ����  ��  �  (PO2) �    �  .    ��� �  �. �   ����    �   �  (PCO2), H+ �, �  � ��  � � �. � ����  �  (PO2)  �  �   �  (PCO2) �, H+ � � ( PH�), � �   ��� . � ���  �  (PO2)  �, �   �  (PCO2)  �, H+ � � ( PH),  �    ��� �   . �  �  �  ‘Y’   �� ( ) �  .   �  - ���  �   �  (PCO2), H+ � � � � � �. � � � CO2 � , PH   ��� �   � .  � � �. � �   �  PH    �� �   �   . � � O2 ���� , �� �  � .

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  , ,  9989535675

INTERMEDIATE s p e c i a l S E N I O R

2.     (Transport of carbon Dioxide) � ��  �   � �� �� . . �� � �� 7 � �   ���  �� �� . CO2 + H2O -------> H2CO3 (��� ) . �� � ��� � � 20 - 25 � CO2 � ��� � � �� �   �� �� �   . Hb - NH2 + CO2 --------> Hb - NHCOO+ H+ (�����) �  � ���� CO2 �  CO2 �  � .

��� �   �  � (PCO2),  �  (PO2) � �  � CO2 �� �  � . � ���� �   �  (PCO2) �,  �   �  �� ���  CO2 � . �  CO2 ���� ���  ���� . � CO2 �� ��  �� � � � �� �. .  � � 70 � �   �� �� �� . � � ��     �� � .      � . ��  CO2 + H2O H2CO3 �

�

H2CO3 HCO3- + H+ ���  � �   �  (PCO2) � . CO2

:  

(Amphoteric compound )

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���  � � (Amphoteric compound )   �� � �, �� �  .     ���   � CO2   .  CO2  ��� CO2  � O2   .

� �  ‘����’  .   � �  HCO3 , H+ � � . � ���� �   �  (PCO2) �     �  CO2  . �  � ��� CO2 ��� �  �� ��� ��  ����  , CO2�  �  . �  100 .. �  � 4 .. CO2 ���� ��  .   (Chloride shift) � � (), �  �   � , � � �  � � �  �.      �� �.    �  �� � � �  �,   �  . � �   � �. 1. � ��    .  �  �.  � . 2.  �� � (Pons) � �  .  ‘��� ’ �.  �    .   � � �   � ��. 3. �   ‘� � �’ .  CO2, H � �  .       � � �  ��     ��   . 4. � �, �  � �� �� CO2, H+ � ��  �    � 

� � � �. CO2, H+ � �  �   �. � �  � .      (Asthma) � ��, ��� �  �  � . � ��, ��� ��  ���  (Spasms)  � �. � ,    (Wheezing), �  �  � � . �  ��   ��, �   �  ��   ��� � � .  (Emphysema) �   .  �  � ��  �  � �� ���   � �   �  . �  � � ���    ��,   �  �.  (Bronchitis) � ��� � .  � � �� � �      �� � . �  � �� � , �   �  �.  (Pneumonia) � �� ��  ��  �   � . � � � , ��, ���, ��� ��  � �. � � �, ����  , �    � �   �.     -  �  � � � . � � � �  � .  - , ��  �  �  � (�) �  � .  - ���   �   � .    -  � �, ��  .   �  � �� � .

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Number of books

Tips for IBPS Clerks Exam

sold in shop R is..?

1. What is the difference between the total number of products sold by A and B together in 2013 to the total number of products sold in these two companies in 2016? 1) 200

2) 260

3) 220

4) 240

5) 290

IBPS Clerks QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE

2) 400

3) 520

4) 460 5) None

EXPLANATIONS

Directions (Q.6-10): What should come in place of question mark (?) in the following questions? 6. (108)2 y ? = 432 1) 27 2) 27 3) 729 4) 54

5) None of these

3 3 1 7. 19 5 3 + 1 3 " 4 4 2 3 1 1 1) 13 2) 15 3) 12 4 2 2

[

{

(

1 4) 15 5) None of these 4 5 3 4 8. of of of ? = 1140 6 8 5 1) 4120 2) 4630 3) 4225 4) 4560 5) None

? Non-defective products = 75% of 1880 = 1410 5. Number of products sold by A in 2016 = 460

Total products sold by A & B in 2016

Number of products sold by A in 2017 = 460

= 460 + 400 = 860

Number of products sold by B in 2016 = 400

? Required Difference is (860 640) = 220

Number of products sold by B in 2017

= 130% of 400 = 520 = 460 + 520 = 980 6. (108)2 y ? = 432

3 3 19 5 4 4

11 2) 4 60

23 4) 4 60

5) None of these

`@ ^ `@ 1 4 2 2

41 3) 3 60

2000 2001

9.20

8.75

15.50

10.50

12.60 13.50

13.30 5.90

2002

18.80

6.20

2.30

2003

25.50

14.40 5.60

6.30

5.80

1) 3

4) 3

7) 2

10) 3

13) 1

2004

10.25

7.40

5.20

13.70

2) 4

5) 1

8) 4

11) 3

14) 5

3) 2

6) 3

9) 4

12) 4

15) 3

17.15

16.30

15.70 13.50

4.20

9.10

3 1 1 19 4 = 15 4 4 2 5 3 4 8. u u u ? = 1140 6 8 5

13 1 ? + 13 = 17 20 3

Answers

7.50

12.50 4.80

3 3 1 19 5 1 4 4 2

1 2 1 10. 8 + 5 + ? = 17 4 5 3

7.50

18 35 u 1220 + u 2750 100 100 219.6 + 962.5 = 1182.1

108 u 108 = 432 ? 108 u 108 ? = = 27 432 2 ? = 27 = 729

19 1) 5 60

9. 18% of 1220 + 35% of 2750

1 3 + 1 3 2

3) 1124.6

6 8 5 ? = 1140 u u u = 4560 5 3 4

Total products sold by A & B in 2017

3 3 7. 19 5 4 4

2) 1215.2

4) 1182.1 5) None of these 1 2 1 10. 8 + 5 + ? = 17 4 5 3

2005

9. 18% of 1220 + 35% of 2750 = ?

1. Total products sold by A & B in 2013 = 280 + 360 = 640

)}]

1) 1216.3

H The key factor affecting a candidate

1 13 ? = 17 13 3 20

= 5900

1 13 17 13 + 3 20

= 6300

Number of books sold in shop S in 2003 Required difference is (6300 5900) = 400

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–ö˛òÃÍØÈ A∫$Ãå˝ MÊ¸ÃÍÖ BgÍßä˛ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö —øÊ˝-fØË˛, ¥ÎMÏ¸-›Î¶Øå HΔ>µ-r$ØË˛$ –ö˛≈Ü-ΔÛˇ-MÏ¸Ö-_ØË˛ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ØÈƒÊ˝$-MÊ¸$yÊ˛$. BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ EßÊ˛≈-–ö˛$-M>-ΔÊˇ$yÊ˛$, ›Î”ôË˛Ö{ôË˛≈ Á‹–ö˛$-ΔÊˇ-ƒÒ˝*-´ßÊ˛$yÊ˛$, ¥Î{Ü-MÛ¸-ƒÊ˝$$yÊ˛$. {ºsÏ˝-ÁŸΔÊˇœ AMÊ¸ñôÈ≈-ÀÚ≥O Á≥{Ü-MÊ¸ÃZœ Á≥À$ –È≈›ÎÀ$ Δ>‘ÈΔÊˇ$. BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ AÁ‹À$ ı≥ΔÊˇ$ A∫$Ãå˝ MÊ¸ÃÍÖ VÊ¸$ÃÍÖ –ö˛$$Ìfl˝-ƒÊ˝$$-®™Øå˛. MÊ¸ÀÖ ı≥ΔÊˇ$ BgÍßä˛. –ö˛òÃÍØÈ A∞ BƒÊ˝$∞≤ V˙ΔÊˇ-–ö˛-Á≥N-ΔÊˇ”-MÊ¸ÖV> Ì≥Õ-^Û˛–ÈΔÊˇ$, –ö˛òÃÍØÈ AÖsÙ˝ VÊ¸$ΔÊˇ$–ö˛# A∞ AΔÊˇ¶Ö. SÃÍ-Áúôå˛ EßÊ˛≈–ö˛*-∞MÏ¸ ØÈƒÊ˝$-MÊ¸ôË˛”Ö –ö˛Ìfl˝Ö_ V>Ö´© ßÊ˛ñÌŸtÃZ Á≥yëzΔÊˇ$. AÁ≥µsÏ˝- ØË˛$Ö_ V>Ö´©ô¯ BƒÊ˝$-ØË˛MÊ¸$ ›Î∞≤-Ìfl˝ôË˛≈Ö Ú≥«-WÖ®. Á‹‡ƒÊ˝$- ∞Δ>-MÊ¸-ΔÊˇ-◊Z-ßÊ˛≈–ö˛$Ö, Ô‹”ƒÊ˝$ ¥ÎÀØË˛, Á‹”ßÛ˛÷ –ö˛Á‹$¢-–ö˛#À$, MÏ¸”så˝ CÖyÏ˛ƒÊ˝* ôË˛®-ôË˛ΔÊˇ ¥˘Δ>-sÍÃZœ ^Ë˛$ΔÊˇ$-MÊ¸$V> ¥ÎÃüY-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ ^Û˛Ì‹ØË˛ A–ö˛$*-À≈-–˛$OØË˛ MÊ¸ñÌŸ, ôÈ≈VÊ¸Ö, ı‹–ö˛-ÀØË˛$ VÊ¸$«¢Ö_ØË˛ {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛”Ö –ö˛$ΔÊˇ-◊ÍÖ-ôË˛ΔÊˇÖ 1992ÃZ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ AôË˛$≈-ØË˛≤ôË˛ ¥˚ΔÊˇ Á≥#ΔÊˇ-›ÎPΔÊˇÖ "øÍΔÊˇôË˛ ΔÊˇôË˛≤'ØË˛$ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ A∫$Ãå˝ MÊ¸ÃÍÖ AgÍßä˛MÊ¸$ C_aÖ®. {Á≥£Ê˛–ö˛$ —ßë≈-‘È-Q-–ö˛$Ö{Ü 1947 ØË˛$Ö_ 1958 –ö˛ΔÊˇMÊ¸$ Á≥ßÛ˛-‚Ê˝Â-MÊ¸$-Ú≥OV> Á‹”ôË˛Ö{ôË˛ øÍΔÊˇôË˛-ßÛ˛-‘È-∞MÏ¸ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ —ßë≈-‘ÈQ –ö˛$Ö{ÜV> –ö˛òÃÍØÈ A∫$Ãå˝ MÊ¸ÃÍÖ –ö˛≈–ö˛-Áfl˝-«Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. øÍ— ¥˚ΔÊˇ$-ÀØË˛$ ôË˛ƒÊ˝*ΔÊˇ$ ^Û˛ı‹

f–ö˛$*√ÃZ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ BgÍßä˛ ı‹tyÏ˛ƒÊ˝$Ö –ö˛òÃÍØÈ BgÍßä˛ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ BgÍßä˛ M>ÃÙ˝i BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ ∞–ÈÁ‹ VÊ¸ñ‡∞≤ "–ö˛òÃÍØÈ A∫$Ãå˝ MÊ¸ÃÍÖ BgÍßä˛ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú BÌ‹-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ Á‹tyÓ˛ã-‹'V>, ôË˛ΔÊˇ$-–ÈôË˛ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ BgÍßä˛ ÃÒ˝O{∫-»V> –ö˛*Δ>aΔÊˇ$.

1985ÃZ Δ>i–í˛V>Ö´© {Á≥´ßëØË˛–ö˛$Ö{ÜV> EØË˛≤-Á≥#µyÊ˛$, —ßë≈ –ö˛$Ö{ÜôË˛” ‘ÈQØË˛$ Ú‹Ú≥tÖ-∫Δäˇ 25ØË˛ ΔÊˇßÊ˛$™ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. ßë∞ ›Î¶ØË˛ÖÃZ –ö˛*ØË˛–ö˛ –ö˛ØË˛-ΔÊˇ$À A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ –ö˛$Ö{Ü-ôË˛”-‘ÈQ ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö®Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. C® ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ —ßë≈-¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ, –ö˛*ØË˛–ö˛ –ö˛ØË˛-ΔÊˇ$À A¿-–ö˛ñ-®ÆMÏ¸ ªÍ´ßÊ˛≈ôË˛ –ö˛Ìfl˝-Á‹$¢Ö®. –ö˛*ØË˛–ö˛ –ö˛ØË˛-ΔÊˇ$À A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ –ö˛$Ö{Ü-ôË˛”‘È-QØË˛$ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ —øÍ-V>-À$V> —øÊ˝-hÖ-^ÈΔÊˇ$. yÏ˛¥Î-Δäˇt-–˛$Ö-så˝ Aãú Á‹*PÃå˝ GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ AÖyä˛ Õr-ΔÊˇÔ‹ ©∞ Á≥«-´®ÃZ {¥Î£Ê˛-—$MÊ¸, –ö˛*£Ê˛≈-—$MÊ¸ —ßÊ˛≈, EØË˛≤ôË˛ –ö˛*£Ê˛≈-—$MÊ¸ —ßÊ˛≈, –ö˛ƒÒ˝*-fØË˛ —ßÊ˛≈, AÑÊ¸-Δ>-Á‹≈ôË˛ A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ –˛$$ßÊ˛-ÃÒ˝OØË˛ AÖ‘ÈÀ$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$. yÏ˛¥ÎΔäˇt-–˛$Öså˝ Bãú Áfl˝ƒÊ˝$≈Δäˇ GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ —‘Ë˝”-—-ßë≈-ÀƒÊ˝$ —ßÊ˛≈, ›ÎÖMÛ¸-ÜMÊ¸ —ßÊ˛≈, ›ÎPÀ-Δäˇ-ÌŸã≥fi ôË˛®-ôË˛ΔÊˇ —ÁŸ-ƒÊ˝*-ÀMÊ¸$ ªÍ´ßÊ˛≈ôË˛ –ö˛Ìfl˝-Á‹$¢Ö®. 1985 Ú‹Ú≥tÖ-∫ΔÊˇ$ 26 ØË˛$Ö_ —ßë≈ –ö˛$Ö{ÜôË˛” ‘ÈQ D ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ —øÍ-V>À MÏ¸ÖßÊ˛ ●

{Á≥ƒÒ˝*-VÊ¸-‘È-À-À$V> ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-À-ÀØË˛$ BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ Á≥«-VÊ¸-◊Ï˝Ö-^Û˛-–ÈΔÊˇ$. —ßë≈-–ö˛Ö-ôË˛$-ÃÒ˝OØË˛ ¥˚ΔÊˇ$À$ gÍÜ ∞Δ>√-◊Í-∞MÏ¸ ß¯Áﬂ˝-ßÊ˛-Á≥-yÊ˛-ôÈΔÊˇ$, M>∫sÏ˝t ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö-ÃZ∞ —ßë≈-Á‹Ö-Á‹¶À$ ØÈ◊˝≈-–˛$OØË˛ —ßÊ˛≈ AÖ®Ö-^ÈÀ∞ BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ Á≥«-ôË˛-Ì≥Ö-^Û˛-–ÈΔÊˇ$. —ßÊ˛≈, ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö Á≥#Δ¯-VÊ¸Ü, A¿-

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Δ¯kÃZœ ¥ÎÀ-MÊ¸$À$ ›Î¶Ì≥Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. Á‹$±Ãå˝ ´ßÊ˛–ö˛‚Ê˝ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ Á≥#Δ>◊˝ V>£Ê˛-ÃZœ∞ " VÊ¸$ΔÊˇ$-MÊ¸$- Ì‹CJ, ßÊ˛ £Ê˛Δäˇz ÃÍÀ$'' ØË˛$Ö_ ØË˛ΔÊˇ-Ì‹Ö-Áfl˝-Δ>–ö˛# AÖÚ≥OΔäˇ “$yÏ˛ƒÊ˝*, {ı≥ΔÊˇ◊˝ ¥˜ÖßëΔÊˇ$. {V>“$◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈ-ÀMÊ¸$ ^˛Ö®ØË˛ Ì≥ÀœÀ$ {Ú≥Ì‹∏ÎΔÊy˛Ösåˇ√Δä˝ˇ ØÛ–˛˛ÁŸOã‹ØË˛Ãå˝ Á≥rt-◊Í-ÀMÊ¸$ –˛‚Ê˝œ-MÊ¸$Ö-yëØÛ˛, –È‚Ê˝ÂMÊ¸$ hƒÒ˝*{V>ÌúMä¸ bÈØË˛Ãå˝ ØÈ◊˝≈-–˛$OØË˛ —ßÊ˛≈ØË˛$ AÖ®Ö^Û˛ EßÛ˛™‘Ë˝≈Öô¯ Ô≥“ 1972ÃZ "BÖ{´ßÊ˛-{Á≥-ßÛ˛‘å˝ ΔˇÌ‹-y˛-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸ-ØË˛Ãå˝ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈-ÁŸØå˛fi ›˜Ú‹O-sÓ˝'∞ HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. Δ>{ÁŸt {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛”Ö ôË˛ßÊ˛$-Á≥« Δ¯kÃZœ AØË˛Ö-ôË˛Á≥#ΔÊˇÖ hÃÍœ-ÃZ∞ MˆyÏ˛-V¸-ØË˛-Áfl˝-„ÂÃZ, VÊ¸$Ör*ΔÊˇ$ hÃÍœ-ÃZ∞ ôÈyÏ˛MˆÖyÊ˛ –ö˛ßÊ˛™ VÊ¸$ΔÊˇ$-MÊ¸$À ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-À-ÀØË˛$ HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛Ì‹Ö®. ôË˛ßÊ˛$Á≥« {Á≥øÊ˝$-ôÈ”À$ {MÊ¸–ö˛$ÖV> AÃÍÖsÏ˝ ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-ÀØË˛$ Δ>{ÁŸt-–È≈Á≥¢ÖV> Ø˛À-Mˆ-ÃÍµΔˇ$$. GØå˛.sÏ˝. Δ>–ö˛*-Δ>–ö˛# Ì≥.—.ØË˛ΔÊˇ-Ì‹Ö-Áfl˝-Δ>–ö˛# ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö-®Ö-_ØË˛ "BÖ{´ßÊ˛-{Á≥-ßÛ˛‘å˝ ΔˇÌ‹y˛∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸ-ØË˛Ãå˝ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈-ÁŸØå˛fi ›˜Ú‹OsÓ˝' B‘Ë˝-ƒÊ˝*À$, {Á≥VÊ¸Ü ØË˛^Ë˛a-yÊ˛Öô¯ –ö˛$$Q≈-–ö˛$Ö-{ÜV> ØË˛ÖßÊ˛-–ö˛$*« ôÈΔÊˇMÊ¸ Δ>–ö˛*-Δ>–ö˛# E–ö˛$√yÏ˛ Δ>{ÁŸtÖ-ÃZ∞ {Á≥Ü hÃÍœÃZ JMÊ¸ {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛” ªÍÀ$ΔÊˇ VÊ¸$ΔÊˇ$-MÊ¸$À ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-À, {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛” ªÍÕ-MÊ¸À VÊ¸$ΔÊˇ$-MÊ¸$À ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘ÈÀØË˛$ {¥ÎΔÊˇÖ-¿Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. AÖôÛ˛M>MÊ¸$Öyë ›Î–ö˛*-hMÊ¸ Á‹ÖÑÛ¸–ö˛$ ‘ÈQ MÏ¸ÖßÊ˛ –˛ØË˛$-MÊ¸-∫-yÏ˛ØË˛ ôË˛ΔÊˇ-VÊ¸Ü —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À M¯Á‹Ö {Á≥ôÛ˛≈MÊ¸ ΔˇÌ‹y˛-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-À-ÀØË˛$ HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. —f-ƒÙ˝$Ö{ßÊ˛ MÊ¸Á‹*¢« ΔÊˇÖVÊ¸ –ö˛ΔÊˇ-ßÊ˛-Δ>f Δ>–ö˛# ôË˛—$-‚Ê˝-ØÈyÊ˛$ M>Ö`-Á≥#-ΔÊˇÖÃZ f∞√Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. {Á≥–ö˛$$Q øÍΔÊˇ°ƒÊ˝$ B«¶-MÊ¸-–Û˛ôË˛¢, Δ>f-MÓ¸-ƒÊ˝$-–Û˛ôË˛¢, —ßë≈-–Û˛ôË˛¢ AΔˇ$$ØË˛ –ö˛ΔÊˇ-ßÊ˛-Δ>f Δ>–ö˛# MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ —ßë≈-‘ÈQ –ö˛$Ö{ÜV> 1971ÃZ ı‹–ö˛-ÀÖ-®Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ›˘ÁŸÃå˝ Ú‹OØå˛fi »Ú‹-ΔäˇaÃZ {Á≥Ì‹ßÊ˛Æ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶-ÀØË˛$ –ö˛ΔÊˇ-ßÊ˛-Δ>f Δ>–ö˛# ›Î¶Ì≥Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. …Ï˛Œœ Á‹*PÃå˝ Bãú GMÊ¸-ØÈ-—$Mä¸fi, CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Aãú GMÊ¸-ØÈ-—$Mä¸ {V¯ôå˛, CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ ÁúΔäˇ ›˘ÁŸÃå˝ AÖyä˛ GMÊ¸-ØË˛-—$Mä¸ ^Û˛Ögå˝.- CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ M˙∞fiÃå˝ Bãú ›˘ÁŸÃå˝ Ú‹OØå˛fi »Ú‹Δäˇa, A{V¯ GMÊ¸ØÈ-—$Mä¸ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ, ¥ÎÁ≥#-ÃÙ˝-ÁŸØå˛ »Ú‹Δäˇa Ú‹Ör-ΔÊˇœØË˛$ ›Î¶Ì≥Ö-^Ë˛yÊ˛ÖÃZ BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ –ö˛$$Q≈ ¥Î{ôË˛ ¥˘ÌŸÖ-^ÈΔÊˇ$. {Á≥Ü-⁄Îx-ôË˛√MÊ¸ —ßë≈ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶ CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú ∏Î«Øå˛ {sÙ˝yä˛ ›Î¶Á≥-ØË˛ÃZ –ö˛ΔÊˇ-ßÊ˛-Δ>f Δ>–ö˛# ¥Î{ôË˛ –ö˛$ΔÊˇ$-–ö˛-ÃÙ˝-∞®. ArÃå˝ º‡» –Èfı≥-Δˇ$$ 2001ÃZ ArÃå˝ º‡» –Èf-ı≥Δˇ$$ ØÛ˛ôË˛ñ-ôË˛”-ÃZ∞ G±zH {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛”Ö ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘ÈÀ —ßë≈ Á≥£Ê˛MÊ¸Ö, Á‹ΔÊˇ” ’Ñ> A¿-ƒÊ˝*Øå˛ (Gã‹-Gã-‹-H)ØË˛$ BΔÊˇÖ-¿Ö-_Ö®. MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛” —ßë≈ Á≥£Ê˛M>ÃZœ "Á‹ΔÊˇ” ’Ñ> A¿-ƒÊ˝*Øå˛' AôË˛≈ÖôË˛ —f-ƒÊ˝$-–ö˛Ö-ôË˛-–˛$O-ØË˛®. Á‹ΔÊˇ” ’Ñ> A¿-ƒÊ˝*Øå˛ Á≥£Ê˛MÊ¸Ö øÍΔÊˇ-ôË˛-ßÛ˛-‘Ë˝ÖÃZ {¥Î£Ê˛-—$MÊ¸ —ßÊ˛≈ Ú≥ÖÁ≥#-ßÊ˛ÀÃZ Á‹‡-ƒÊ˝$-Á≥-yÏ˛Ö®. AÖôÛ˛-M>-MÊ¸$Öyë "ΔˇOså˝ r$ GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸ-Øå˛'(-—-ßë≈-Áfl˝MÊ¸$P ^Ë˛rtÖ) A–ö˛$-À$MÊ¸$ ›Î´ßÊ˛-ØË˛ÖV> –ö˛*«Ö®. {Á≥Ü JMÊ¸P-«MÏ¸ ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘ÈÀ AÖßÊ˛$-ªÍ-r$ÃZ EÖ^Ë˛-yÊ˛–Û˛$ B Á≥£Ê˛MÊ¸ –ö˛$$Q≈ EßÛ˛™‘Ë˝Ö. 6 ØË˛$Ö_ 14 H‚Ê˝Â –ö˛ƒÊ˝$-Á‹$fiÃZ EØË˛≤ {Á≥Ü JMÊ¸P-«MÏ¸ E_ôË˛, ∞ΔÊˇæÖ´ßÊ˛ —ßÊ˛≈ØË˛$ AÖ®-^Ë˛yÊ˛Ö- ©∞ ÀÑÊ¸≈Ö. Á‹ΔÊˇ” ’Ñ> A¿-ƒÊ˝*-Øå˛ØË˛$ Á≥«-^Ë˛ƒÊ˝$Ö ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-MÊ¸-–ö˛$$ÖßÊ˛$ D —ÁŸ-ƒÊ˝*À$ Δ>{ÁŸt {Á≥øÊ˝$-ôÈ”À Á≥«-´®ÃZ EÖyÛ˛—. 6 ØË˛$Ö_ 14 H‚Ê˝Â –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ Ì≥Àœ-ÀMÊ¸$ —ßÊ˛≈ØË˛$ –ö˛òÕMÊ¸ Áfl˝MÊ¸$P MÊ¸ÕµÖ^Û˛ EßÛ˛™‘Ë˝Öô¯ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ Δ>gÍ≈Ö-VÊ¸Ö-ÃZ∞ 86–ö˛ Á‹–ö˛-ΔÊˇ◊˝ ßë”Δ> Á‹ΔÊˇ” ’Ñ> A¿-ƒÊ˝*Øå˛ Á≥´£Ê˛MÊ¸Ö A–ö˛$-ÃÒ˝OÖ®. Á≥Ö^È-ƒÊ˝$-°-Δ>gå˝, ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘ÈÀ ∞ΔÊˇ”-Áfl˝◊˝ MÊ¸—$-sÓ˝À$, {V>–ö˛$ & Á≥rt◊˝ –ö˛$$«-MÏ¸-–È-yÊ˛À ›Î¶Δˇ$$ —ßë≈ Á‹ÖÁú*À$, ôË˛Õœ-ßÊ˛Ö{yÊ˛$À Á‹ÖÁú*À$, E¥Î-´ßë≈-ƒÊ˝$$À Á‹ÖÁú*À$, –ö˛$ßÊ˛Δäˇ sÓ˝^Ë˛Δäˇ A›˘-Ì‹-ƒÙ˝$-ÁŸØå˛, W«-fØË˛ AsÍ-ØË˛-–ö˛$ã‹ M˙∞fiÃå˝ –ö˛ÖsÏ˝ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö-ÃZ∞ A∞≤ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶-ÀØË˛$ –Èf-ı≥Δˇ$$ {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛”Ö JMÊ¸ ôÈsÏ˝ “$ßÊ˛MÏ¸ ô˛_a, —f-ƒÊ˝$-–ö˛Ö-ôË˛ÖV> D Á≥£Ê˛MÊ¸Ö A–ö˛$-À-ƒÙ˝$≈ÃÍ ^Ë˛*Ì‹Ö®. –ö˛$Ø¯√-Áfl˝Øå˛ Ì‹ÖVä¸ {¥Î£Ê˛-—$MÊ¸ ›Î¶Δˇ$$ÃZ {Á≥Á‹$¢ôË˛Ö ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ 14.5 ÀÑÊ¸À {¥Î£Ê˛-—$MÊ¸ ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-ÀÃZœ 19.67 M¯rœ –ö˛$Ö® Ì≥Àœ-ÀMÏ¸ 66.27 ÀÑÊ¸À E¥Î-´ßë≈-ƒÊ˝$$À$ —ßÊ˛≈-ØË˛Ö-®-Á‹$¢-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. Á‹ΔÊˇ”-’Ñ> A¿-ƒÊ˝*Øå˛∞ B´ßëΔÊˇÖ ^Û˛Á‹$-Mˆ∞ –ö˛$Ø¯√-Áfl˝-Øå˛-Ì‹ÖVä¸ B´ßÊ˛”-ΔÊˇ≈Ö-ÃZ∞ ƒÊ˝$$Ì≥G {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛”Ö 2009ÃZ —ßë≈ Áfl˝MÊ¸$P ^Ë˛rtÖ A–ö˛$À$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. —ßë≈ Áfl˝MÊ¸$P ^Ë˛rtÖ A–ö˛$-ÃÒ˝OØË˛ ôË˛ΔÊˇ-–ÈôË˛ 2009&10ÃZ ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-ÀÀ Á‹ÖQ≈ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ ÀÑÊ¸À ØË˛$Ö_ 2015&16ÃZ Á≥® ÀÑÊ¸ÀMÊ¸$ VÊ¸◊˝-±-ƒÊ˝$ÖV> Ú≥«-WÖ®. —Á≥œ-–È-ôË˛√MÊ¸ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$µÀ$ fΔÊˇ-VÊ¸MÊ¸$ØÈ≤ –ö˛$«-MˆÖ-ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ$ —ßë≈-–ö˛$Ö-{ôË˛$À$ Ú‹OôË˛Ö ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ —ßë≈-¿–ö˛ñ-®ÆMÏ¸ ôË˛–ö˛$-ß˛OØË˛ MÊ¸ñÌŸ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. ●

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¥˘sÓ˝ Á≥»ÑÊ¸À {Á≥ôÛ˛≈MÊ¸Ö

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–ö˛ñ®¶ –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ A—-ØÈ-øÍ–ö˛ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´ßë∞≤, {¥Î–ö˛$$-Q≈-ôË˛ØË˛$ ØˆMÏ¸P –ö˛M>P-◊Ï˝Ö-^Û˛-–ÈΔÊˇ$. ›ÎΔÊˇ”-f-±ØË˛ {¥Î£Ê˛-—$MÊ¸ —ßÊ˛≈, ªÍÕ-MÊ¸-ÀMÊ¸$ —ßë≈-Áfl˝MÊ¸$P, ªÍÀ-ÀMÊ¸$ –ö˛ñÜ¢ ’ÑÊ¸◊˝, ›ÎÖMÛ¸-ÜMÊ¸ —ßÊ˛≈, 14 H‚Ê˝Â –ö˛ƒÊ˝$Á‹$ Ì≥ÀœÖ-ßÊ˛-«MÓ¸ E_ôË˛, ∞ΔÊˇæÖ´ßÊ˛ —ßÊ˛≈ –ö˛ÖsÏ˝ MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ —ßë≈-‘ÈQ –ö˛$Ö{ôË˛$À$ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À M¯Á‹Ö MÊ¸ñÌŸ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ ∞ΔÊˇ-ÑÊ¸-Δ>-Á‹≈ôË˛, –ö˛òÃÍØÈ A∫$Ãå˝ ∞ΔÊˇ$-ß¯≈VÊ¸Ö AÁ≥µsZœ A´®-MÊ¸ÖV> EÖyÛ˛® ßëÖô¯ BƒÊ˝$ MÊ¸ÃÍÖ BgÍßä˛ 1947, BVÊ¸Á‹$t & 1958, fØË˛-–ö˛« AÑÊ¸-Δ>-Á‹≈-ôË˛ØË˛$ Ú≥Ö¥˜Ö-®Ö-^Ë˛-yë-∞MÏ¸ Cô¯-´®-MÊ¸ÖV> MÊ¸ñÌŸ M¸.GÃå˝. {÷–ö˛*Õ 1958, fØË˛-–ö˛-«& 1963, BVÊ¸Á‹$t ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. B {MÊ¸–ö˛$ÖÃZ –ö˛ƒÒ˝*-fØË˛ —ßÊ˛≈, –ö˛ñÜ¢ ’ÑÊ¸◊˝, —¿Áfl˝ì–ö˛*ƒÊ˝$$Øå˛ MÊ¸ΩΔäˇ 1963, Ú‹Ú≥tÖ-∫ΔÊˇ$& 1963 ØË˛–ö˛Ö-∫-ΔÊˇ$ ØË˛≤-ôË˛ô¯ MÊ¸*yÏ˛ØË˛ EØË˛≤ôË˛ –ö˛*£Ê˛≈-—$MÊ¸ —ßÊ˛≈ –ö˛ÖsÏ˝ —ÁŸGÖ .Ì‹ ^ÈV>œ 1963, ØË˛–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ & 1966, ØË˛–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ ƒÊ˝*-ÀÚ≥O ßÊ˛ñÌŸt ›Î«Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. AÖßÊ˛$MÊ¸$ AØË˛$-VÊ¸$-◊˝ÖV> ÁúMÊ¸ñ-©™Øå˛ AŒ AÁfl˝√ßä˛ 1966, ØË˛–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ & 1967, –ö˛*«a –ö˛N≈‡∞≤ ΔÊˇ_Ö_, —ßë≈ {Á≥◊Í-„-MÊ¸À$ A–ö˛$À$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. {ÜVÊ¸$◊˝ ı‹Øå˛ 1967, –ö˛*«a & 1969 Ìú{∫-–ö˛-« øÍΔÊˇôË˛ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ GØ¯≤ {Á≥–ö˛$$Q —ßë≈-Á‹Ö-Á‹¶-ÀØË˛$ Ø˛À-MˆÀµ-yÊ˛ÖÃZ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ MÊ¸ñÌŸ EÖ®. CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ CØå˛-Ì‹t—f-ƒÙ˝$Ö{ßÊ˛ MÊ¸Á‹*¢« ΔÊˇÖVÊ¸ r*≈så˝ Bãú sÒ˝M>≤-À-i(-I-IsÏ˝), CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ CØå˛-Ì‹t–ö˛ΔÊˇ-ßÊ˛-Δ>f Δ>–ö˛# 1969, Ìú{∫-–ö˛-«&1971, –ö˛*«a r*≈så˝ Bãú Ú‹OØå˛fi(-I-I-G-Ô‹fi)-H-Δ>µ-r$MÊ¸$ ΩfÖ –Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. Ì‹ßëÆΔÊˇ¶ ‘Ë˝ÖMÊ¸Δäˇ ΔÛˇ 1971, –ö˛*«a& 1972 –ö˛*«a gÍ—$ƒÊ˝* —$ÕƒÊ˝* C›Îœ-—$ƒÊ˝* —‘Ë˝”-—-ßë≈-À-ƒÊ˝*∞≤ ØË˛*ΔÊˇ$Ãå˝ Áfl˝Á‹Øå˛ 1972, –ö˛*«a& 1977 –ö˛*«a ›Î¶Ì≥Ö-_Ö® MÊ¸*yë BƒÊ˝$ØÛ˛. ƒÊ˝$*∞-–ö˛-«fisÓ˝ {V>Öså˝fi {Á≥ôÈã≥ ^Ë˛Ö{ßÊ˛ ^Ë˛ÖßÊ˛Δäˇ 1977, –ö˛*«a & 1979, lÃÒ˝O MÊ¸—$-ÁŸ-Øå˛(-ƒÊ˝$*-i-Ô‹)ØË˛$ Ø˛À-Mˆ-ÃÍµΔÊˇ$. Á‹*PÃå˝ Bãú MÊ¸ΔÊˇ◊ä˝ Ì‹ÖVä¸ 1979, lÃÒ˝O & 1980, fØË˛-–ö˛-« ¥Îœ∞ÖVä¸ AÖyä˛ B«P-sÒ˝-MÊ¸aΔäˇ HΔ>µr$ MÊ¸*yë A∫$Ãå˝ º. ‘Ë˝ÖMÊ¸-Δ>ØË˛Ö-ßä˛ 1980, fØË˛-–ö˛« & 1980, AM¯t∫-ΔÊˇ$ MÊ¸ÃÍÖ BÃZ-^Ë˛ØÛ˛. ‘Ë˝ÖMÊ¸-{Δ>–í˛.º.^Ë˛–ÈØå˛ 1980, AM¯t∫ΔÊˇ$ & 1981, BVÊ¸Á‹$t ›ÎÖÁ‹Pñ-ÜMÊ¸, ›ÎÌfl˝ôË˛≈ AM>yÊ˛-“$-À$ ÔŸÃÍ M˙Ãå˝ 1981, BVÊ¸Á‹$t & 1984, yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ MÛ¸–ö˛ÀÖ {¥Î´£Ê˛-—$MÊ¸ —ßÊ˛≈, –ö˛ñÜ¢ —ßÊ˛≈, ›ÎÖMÛ¸-ÜMÊ¸ M¸Ì‹.Á≥Öôå˛ 1984, yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫Δäˇ& 1985, Ú‹Ú≥tÖ-∫ΔÊˇ$ —ßÊ˛≈, AÑÊ¸-Δ>-Á‹≈ôË˛ M¯Á‹–Û˛$ M>MÊ¸$Öyë, Á‹ÖÁ‹PñÜ, ›ÎÌfl˝MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ –ö˛*ØË˛–ö˛–ö˛ØË˛-ΔÊˇ$À ‘ÈQ –ö˛$Ö{ôË˛$À$ ôÈ≈-ÀØË˛$ {¥˘ôË˛fi-Ìfl˝Ö-^Ë˛-yÊ˛ÖÃZ MÊ¸*yë BgÍßä˛ –ö˛$$Q≈ Ì≥—.ØË˛ΔÊˇ-Ì‹Ö-Áfl˝-Δ>–ö˛# 1985, Ú‹Ú≥tÖ-∫ΔÊˇ$& 1988, lØå˛ ¥Î{ôË˛ ¥˘ÌŸÖ-^ÈΔÊˇ$. {Á≥Á‹$¢ôË˛Ö –ö˛$ØË˛$-VÊ¸-yÊ˛ÃZ EØË˛≤ Ì≥. ’–ö˛‘Ë˝ÖMÊ¸Δäˇ 1988, lØå˛ & 1989, yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ ‹Pñ-ÜMÊ¸, ›ÎÌfl˝ôË˛≈ AM>-yÊ˛-“$-ÀÃZ ^ÈÃÍ –ö˛ΔÊˇMÊ¸$ —.Ì≥.-Ì‹ÖVä¸ 1989, yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ & 1990, ØË˛–ö˛Ö-∫-ΔÊˇ$ ›ÎÖÁ BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ ›Î¶Ì≥Ö-_-ØË˛–Û˛. Á‹ÖXôË˛ ØÈrMÊ¸ AM>-yÊ˛“$, ÀÕôË˛ Δ>gå˝ –ö˛$Ö-VÊ¸Ãå˝ ¥ÎÖyÛ˛ 1990, ØË˛–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ & 1991, lØå˛ MÊ¸‚Í AM>-yÊ˛“$, ›ÎÌfl˝ôË˛≈ AM>-yÊ˛“$, AÃÍVÛ¸ CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ AΔÊˇ$jØå˛ Ì‹ÖVä¸ 1991, lØå˛&1994, yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ M˙∞fiÃå˝ ÁúΔäˇ MÊ¸Àa-ΔÊˇÃå˝ «ÃÙ˝-ÁŸØå˛fi –ö˛ÖsÏ˝ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶-ÀØË˛$ Ì≥.—.ØË˛ΔÊˇ-Ì‹ÖÁfl˝Δ>–ö˛# 1994, yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ & 1995, Ìú{∫-–ö˛-« –ö˛òÃÍØÈ HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. –ö˛*´ßÊ˛-–ö˛-Δ>–í˛ Ì‹Ö´®ƒÊ˝* 1995, Ìú{∫–ö˛« & 1996, fØË˛-–ö˛« ›Î√ΔÊˇMÊ¸ _‡≤À$ Ì≥.—. ØË˛ΔÊˇ-Ì‹ÖÁfl˝Δ>–ö˛# 1996, Ìú{∫-–ö˛-« & 1996, –Û˛$ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ BgÍßä˛ V˙ΔÊˇ-–ÈΔÊˇ¶Ö ßÛ˛‘Ë˝-–ö˛$Ö-ôË˛sÍ AØÛ˛MÊ¸ ArÃå˝ º‡»–Ègå˝-ı≥-Δˇ$$ 1996, –Û˛$ & 1996, lØå˛ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶-ÀMÊ¸$ BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ ı≥ΔÊˇ$ Ú≥sÍtΔÊˇ$. Gã‹-BΔäˇ.ªü–˛$√O 1996, lØå˛ & 1998, –ö˛*«a ØË˛*≈…Ï˛-Œœ-ÃZ∞ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ BgÍßä˛ –˛$yÏ˛-MÊ¸Ãå˝ M>ÃÙ˝gå˝ –ö˛$$ΔÊˇ‰ –ö˛$Ø¯-Áfl˝Δäˇ gZÌŸ 1998, –ö˛*«a & 2004, –Û˛$ M¯Ãå˝-MÊ¸-ôÈ-ÃZ∞ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ A∫$Ãå˝ MÊ¸ÃÍÖ BgÍßä˛ AΔÊˇ$jØå˛ Ì‹ÖVä¸ 2004, –Û˛$ & 2009, –Û˛$ ƒÊ˝$*∞-–ö˛-«ÿsÓ˝ Bãú sÒ˝M>≤-Ài MÊ¸Ì≥Ãå˝ Ì‹ªÍÃå˝ 2009, –Û˛$ & 2012, AM¯t∫ΔÊˇ$ øZ¥Î-Ãå˝-ÃZ∞ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ BgÍßä˛ ØÛ˛ÁŸ-ØË˛Ãå˝ –ö˛$Õœ-Á≥NyÏ˛ –ö˛$ÖVÊ¸-Á≥Ü CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú sÒ˝M>≤-Ài ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍ-ßä˛-ÃZ∞ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ BgÍßä˛ ØÛ˛ÁŸ-ØË˛Ãå˝ Á≥ÀœÖΔ>k 2012, AM¯t∫ΔÊˇ$ & 2014, –Û˛$ EΔÊˇ*™ ƒÊ˝$*∞-–ö˛-«ÿsÓ˝ Á‹√ñÜ CΔ>± 2014, –Û˛$ & 2016, lÃÒ˝O AŒ-VÊ¸-…ä˛-ÃZ∞ AŒ-VÊ¸…ä˛ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ƒÊ˝$*∞-–ö˛-«fisÓ˝{Á≥M>ãŸ f–ö˛-ßÛ˛-MÊ¸Δäˇ 2016, lÃÒ˝O ØË˛$Ö_ MˆØË˛-›Î-VÊ¸$-ôË˛$-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$ ÃZ∞ –ö˛òÃÍØÈ BgÍßä˛ ÃÒ˝O{∫»

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—$„-ôË˛-–ö˛$-Δˇ$$Ö®. MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ –ö˛$Ö{Ü-–ö˛-ΔÊˇYÖÃZ –ö˛*ØË˛–ö˛ –ö˛ØË˛-ΔÊˇ$À A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ –ö˛$Ö{Ü-ôË˛”-‘ÈQ –ö˛$Ö{Ü MÛ¸º-Ø˛så˝ ÁﬂZßë MÊ¸ÕW EÖr$Ö®.

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—ßë≈-¿-–ö˛ñ-®ÆMÏ¸ MÊ¸ñÌŸ ^Û˛Ì‹ØË˛ –ö˛$$Q$≈À$ Ì≥.—.ØË˛ΔÊˇ-Ì‹ÖÁfl˝Δ>–ö˛# 1985ÃZ Δ>i-–í˛-V>Ö´© AÁ≥µsÏ˝ MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ —ßë≈-‘È-QØË˛$ ΔÊˇßÊ˛$™ ^Û˛Ì‹ –ö˛*ØË˛–ö˛ –ö˛ØË˛-ΔÊˇ$À A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ ‘ÈQØË˛$ MˆôË˛¢V> HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. –ö˛$‡ –Û˛$´ßë—, Á≥ÖyÏ˛-ôË˛$yÊ˛$ AΔˇ$$ØË˛ Ì≥.—.ØË˛ΔÊˇ-Ì‹Ö-Áfl˝Δ>–ö˛# ôË˛WØË˛ –ö˛≈MÏ¸¢ A∞ øÍ—Ö_ BƒÊ˝$-ØË˛ØË˛$ –ö˛*ØË˛–ö˛ –ö˛ØË˛-ΔÊˇ$À A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ ‘ÈQMÊ¸$ ôˆÕ –ö˛$Ö{Ü∞ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. B ‘ÈQÃZ ^Û˛ΔÊˇ-V>ØÛ˛ MˆôË˛¢ —ßë≈ —´ßëØË˛Ö ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö-®Ö_ –ö˛òÕ-MÊ¸ÖV> –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$µ-À$-^Û˛ΔÊˇ$µÀ$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. 1986 ØË˛*ôË˛ØË˛ —ßë≈ —´ßë-ØË˛ÖÃZ øÍVÊ¸ÖV> f–ö˛-Áfl˝Δäˇ ØË˛–¯-ßÊ˛ƒÊ˝$ Á‹—$Ü Á‹*P‚Ê˝ìÂ HΔÊˇµ-yëzΔˇ$$. BÖ{´ßÊ˛-{Á≥-ßÛ˛‘å˝ —ßë≈-‘ÈQ –ö˛$Ö{ÜV> MÊ¸*yë Ô≥“ Á≥∞-^Û˛-‘ÈΔÊˇ$. 1971&73ÃZ BƒÊ˝$ØË˛ –ö˛$$Q≈-–ö˛$Ö-{ÜV> {Á≥–ö˛*-◊˝-Ô‹”-M>ΔÊˇÖ ^Û˛Ì‹ØË˛ ôË˛ΔÊˇ-–ÈôË˛ ØË˛Àœ-VˆÖyÊ˛ hÃÍœ-ÃZ∞ Á‹ΔÛˇ”-Ãå˝ÃZ ΔˇÌ‹-y˛-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ Á‹*PÃå˝ HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. øÍΔÊˇ-ôË˛-ßÛ˛-‘Ë˝ÖÃZ HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛Ì‹ØË˛ ôˆÕ ΔˇÌ‹-y˛∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ Á‹*PÃå˝ CßÛ˛. AÁ≥µ-sÏ˝-–ö˛-ΔÊˇMÊ¸$ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ CÃÍÖsÏ˝ ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘ÈÀ-ÀØË˛$ GMÊ¸Pyë MÊ¸±-—± GΔÊˇ$-VÊ¸ΔÊˇ$. 1971ÃZ D ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-ÀMÊ¸$ Á‹Δ¯”-ßÊ˛ƒÊ˝$ ØÈƒÊ˝$-MÊ¸$-y˛OØË˛ –ö˛$®™ ØÈΔ>-ƒÊ˝$◊˝ΔˇyÏ˛z 44 GMÊ¸-Δ>À øÊ˝*—$∞ —Δ>-‚Ê˝ÖV> C^ÈaΔÊˇ$. B«¶-MÊ¸ÖV>, ›Î–ö˛*-h-MÊ¸ÖV>, —ßë≈-Á≥-ΔÊˇÖV> –˛ØË˛$-MÊ¸-∫-yÏ˛ØË˛ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ –Û˛À-–ö˛$Ö® ôË˛Õœ-ßÊ˛Ö-{yÊ˛$ÀMÊ¸$ ôË˛–ö˛$ Ì≥Àœ-ÀMÊ¸$ —ßë≈-–ö˛Ö-ôË˛$-ÀØË˛$ ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-yÊ˛ÖÃZ Á‹Áfl˝-MÊ¸-«Ö^È-∞MÏ¸ Δ>{ÁŸtÖÃZ –ö˛$ΔˇØ¯≤ ΔˇÌ‹-y˛-∞¤-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ Á‹*P‚Ê˝œØË˛$ ôË˛ßÊ˛$-Á≥« ●

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DgŒæ B‹œ yýl*Æ‡¬…VŠæ ¼h¯ðl‹Ü 2018ÌZ ¿êÆý‡™Œæ Ýë¦¯]l…? yéMýStÆŠ‡ ™èlÐ]l*Ã MøsìæÆð‡yìlz {´÷òœçÜÆŠ‡, 6. I½G‹Ü, Oòßæ§ýlÆ>»ê§Šl

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Farmers used the constellations in the night.. K. Lalitha Bai Subject Expert

Model Questions Directions (Q.No. 1- 5): Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical mistake/ error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. Mark the number of that part with error as your answer. If there is 'No error', mark (5) as your answer. 1. I enjoy (1)/ playing (2)/ musical instruments like (3)/ piano and violin. (4)/ No error (5) 2. Having read the book, (1)/ there is no question (2)/ the book is better (3)/ than the film. (4)/ No error (5) 3. I don't know if I am ready (1)/ to take the test now and whether (2)/ I will ever be ready (3)/ in the future. (4)/ No error (5) 4. A flock of birds, (1)/ flying south (2)/ for the winter, (3)/ was above us. (4)/ No error (5) 5. He cooked the salmon (1)/ well because (2)/ he attended (3)/ culinary school. (4)/ No error (5) Directions: (Q.No.6 - 10) Which of the phrases (1), (2), (3), and (4) given below each sentence should replace the phrase underlined in the sentence to make it grammatically correct? If there is no error mark (5) No correction required as your answer. 6. Once almost covered under centuries of debris, skilled artisans have now restored some original famous paintings during the Italian Renaissance. 1) Some original famous paintings during the Italian Renaissance now have been by skillful artisans restored. 2) The restoration of some original famous paintings during the Italian Renaissance has been done by skilled artisans. 3) Skilled artisans during the Italian Renaissance have now restored some original famous paintings. 4) Some original famous paintings during the Italian Renai ssance have now been restored by skilled artisans. 5) No correction required 7. I asked him to quickly clean the table. 1) I asked him to clean the table quickly. 2) I asked quickly him to clean the table. 3) I quickly asked him to clean the table. 4) I asked him to clean the quickly table.

5) No correction required 8. I thought my plan would sure succeed 1) I thought my plan would sure succeeding. 2) I thought my plan would surely succeeds. 3) I thought my plan would certain succeed 4) I thought my plan would certainly succeed 5) No correction required 9. As soon as I hear the dog bark, I knew you were at the door. 1) As soon as I hear the dog bark, I know you are at the door. 2) As soon as I hear the dog bark, I had known you are at the door. 3) As soon as I hear the dog bark, I will know you are at the door. 4) As soon as I hear the dog bark, I will be knowing you will be at the door. 5) No correction required 10. It seemed like he liked me. 1) It seemed liked he liked me. 2) It seemed like he liking me. 3) It seemed as if he liked me. 4) It seemed liked he like me. 5) No correction required Directions (Q. No. 11-15): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in a proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below. A) The good news is that both Smartphone operating systems are excellent. B) Microsoft has thrown in the towel with Windows Phone, BlackBerry makes Android devices now, and there are very few other options worth considering. C) Ultimately, the best platform for you depends on you. Pick the things that matter most to you, count the wins in those categories, and you have a recommendation. D) If you're buying a new smartphone today, chances are very good that it will run Google's Android or Apple's iOS mobile operating systems. E) These two platforms accounted for more than 99 percent of all new smartphones shipped in 2016, and that rose to 99.7 percent last year, according to IDC. F) They have far more in common than what divides them, but there are some important differences that you'll want to consider. 11. What is the FOURTH sentence after rearrangement? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E 12. What is the THIRD sentence after rearrangement?

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1) A 2) B 3) C 4) F 5) E 13. What is the SECOND sentence after rearrangement? 1) A 2) B 3) D 4) E 5) F 14. What is the FIRST sentence after rearrangement? 1) B 2) A 3) C 4) D 5) E 15. What is the LAST sentence after rearrangement? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) F Directions (Q.No. 16-20): Each question below has a blank/ two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Choose the word/ set of words from the five options for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. 16. Security is freedom from, or ____ against, potential harm ____ external forces. 1) rigidity, for 2) resilience, from 3) firmness, to 4) stiffness, towards 5) spirit, with 17. A firewall typically establishes a barrier ____ a trusted internal network and ____ external network, such as the Internet. 1) below, trusted 2) amid , believed 3) among, untrusted 4) between, untrusted 5) linking, conviction 18. The restaurant has a ____ buffet with authentic Indian dishes, if you do not like it, you can go for an equally ____ a-la-carte menu of exquisite continental dishes. 1) lavish, exciting 2) generous, boring 3) unstinted, dreary 4) copious, uninspiring 5) fulsome, electrify 19. Farmers used the constellations in the night sky for ____ the seasons. 1) seeing 2) observing 3) practicing 4) predicting 5) monitoring 20. It is a story of two men and a batch of ____ armoured cars. 1) deceased 2) diseased 3) decrepit 4) defeated 5) vigorous

Directions (Q.No. 21-25) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions. According to a new study by the School of Medicine of the University of Pittsburgh, spending hours every day on social media sites lead to body image issues and a higher risk of eating disorders. For someone with an eating disorder, comparisons with others are common, with a tendency to compare with those perceived to be thinner or fit. Eating disorder sufferers may berate themselves for not being as thin or sick as others they know with eating disorders, those they have met in treatment or online communities, or even friends or acquaintances. Social media can warp reality if you surround yourself with individuals struggling with the same condition as your sense of what is normal can be swallowed up. Sufferers of eating disorders may also measure their own achievements and accomplishments against their peers and as a result may feel they are lagging behind. A constant stream of acquaintances that constantly share news of their work advances, family and relationship statuses can lead to an influx of self-hate and the thought that any personal successes are lacking. This may be especially relevant if someone has missed out on chances to pursue milestones due to illness and/or treatment. Focusing on your own endeavors, however small they may seem is crucial. 21. What is the suitable tile for the passage? 1) reality check 2) what should you be eating? 3) Research on eating disorders. 4) Social Media and eating disorders. 5) trends in eating 22. What is the reason for self hate? 1) Comparisons with others 2) Measuring their own achievements and accomplishments against their peers 3) Associates constantly sharing news of their work advances, family and relationship statu-

ses 4) Focusing on your own endeavors 5) Spending hours every day on social media sites 23. What does warp reality mean? 1) a rare and powerful pheno menon 2) power to change the properties 3) a popular culture 4) reality distortion 5) ability to manipulate reality 24. The synonym of berate is 1) rebuke 2) praise 3) extol 4) eulogize 5) tribute 25. The antonym of influx is 1) invasion 2) flood 3) deluge 4) torrent 5) dearth Directions (Q.No. 26-28): Identify the word which is closest in meaning to the word provided and mark it as your answer. 26. Nabob 1) bigwig 2) doubter 3) frolic 4) converse 5) adverse 27. Pall 1) light 2) satiate 3) carry 4) horror 5) disgust 28. Sacrosanct 1) prayer 2) sanctuary 3) pious 4) sacred 5) worship Directions (Q.No. 29-30): Identify the word which is opposite in meaning to the word provided and mark it as your answer. 29. Placid 1) gauche 2) fine 3) brilliant 4) indecent 5) roaring 30. Stentorian 1) violent 2) muffled 3) loud 4) stealthy 5) tranquil

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