LILY CAMPBELL SENIOR T HESIS 1 PAUL CARLOS FALL 2011 PUCD 4205 F CRN: 5339
PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2 RESEARCH 3 additional topics example analogy additional analogies cell diagram illustration inspiration cover inspiration cut out inspiration dimensional inspiration book size inspiration interactive inspiration additional inspiration
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MY BOOK 14 selected inspiration initial explorations
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CONTACT 17
LILY CAMPBELL
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Children read books about people everyday, but these are generally about the human as a whole, not the most basic parts of a human: their cells. I plan on creating a series of books which will introduce elementary students to cellular biology & genetics concepts before many educators would consider them ready. The books will use analogies for complex concepts like DNA replication, cell division, or cell mutation, by translating organelles and proteins into memorable characters, so when students are introduced to these concepts/processes at a higher level of education, they may remember the book they once read, perhaps even unconsciously,
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and already be familiar, comfortable, and interested in the material. The first book will introduce the analogy of a cell as a city (see page 3.) By using something familiar like a city, kids will more easily understand how the cell functions. The books that follow will center around a crisis, special event, or specific part of the city in order to go more indepth or descirbe a specific process of the cell. For example, cell division would be explained in a book in which a city decides to break off into two cities, and therefore needs to double all of it’s buildings, departments, etc.
EXAMPLE ANALOGY:
ADDITIONAL TOPICS: MOLECULE T R ANSP ORT Cells must transport nutrients and other molecules in and out of their cytoplasm in order to survive and thrive.
PROT EIN SYNT HESIS Proteins have diverse functions inside the cells including being the building blocks for all organelles, so protein creation is crutial.
DNA REPLICAT ION The most important goal of a cell is to survive & make more of themselves. To do so they must replicate their DNA.
CELLUL AR METAB OLISM Animals consume food to get energy, plants process sunlight for energy, but these energy sources must be converted into more useful forms of energy for use in the cell.
CELLUL AR REPRODUCT ION Cell replication can either occur via mitosis or meiosis. This splitting of one cell into two is quite an amazing process.
CELLUL AR SIGNALING Cells need to communicate with each other to synchronize their functions.
One common analogy used in high school to help students better understand the functions of cellular organelles is a city. If you think of the entire cell as a town or city, each organelle can take on the function of buildings/departments in the community, while proteins act as the materials used in the poduction of the city & everything in it. Let’s look at a single organelle to better illustrate this cell as city concept. The Golgi Apparatus (sometimes refered to as the Golgi Bodies or the Golgi Complex) modiifies, sorts, and packages macromolecules for cell secretion. These macromolecules (usually proteins) are delivered via the Endoplasmic Reticulum. The Golgi then packages the proteins inside a transport vesicle and marks the vesicle with membrane proteins for recognition by the recipient of the vesicles contents. These processes ensure the proteins will be delivered safely, to the correct organelle, and opened only when intended. If you think about the postal service, or a service like UPS, they practically copy this process. They recieve some sort of material (protein) which needs to be transported from it’s current location to another either inside the city (cell) or outside the city (to another cell.) The post office will then place the material in a box, usually with bubble wrap or peanuts for protection (fluid filled vesicle,) and place a label with the destination address and return address (membrane proteins.) This way the recipient can tell if the package was intended for them, and if they should open it (much like the membrane, should it recieve a vesicle.)
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CELL ORGANELLES CITY ANALOGIES CELL CELL MEMBR ANE CELL WALL CY TOSK ELETON CY TOPL ASM LILY CAMPBELL
END OPL ASMIC RET ICULUM RIB OSOMES
City City Limits City Wall Steel Girders or Physical City Structure Lawns and Parks Highways or Road System Farms/Factories
G OLGI APPAR ATUS/B ODIES
Post Office or UPS
CHLOROPL ASTS
Solar Energy Plants
NUCLE AR MEMBR ANE
Police Department
MITO CHONDRIA NUCLEUS
Energy Plants City Hall (or the mayor)
DNA
Original Blueprints or the city
RNA
Copies of Blueprints
NUCLEOLUS LYSOSOMES VACUOLES AND VESICLES
Farm & Factory Construction Waste Disposal/ Recyclers Packages, Warehouses, Water Towers, or Garbage Dumps
PROTOPL ASM CHROMOSOMES PROT EINS
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Air or atmosphere Rolled up blueprints Raw Material
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LILY CAMPBELL
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ILLUSTATIONS: I began looking at children’s books to understand what kind of illustrations kids relate to and appreciate. Included here are pieces with a graphic style that I personally relate to and could potentially translate into a book about cellular cities for kids.
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LILY CAMPBELL
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CUT OUTS: This page includes some interesting examples of how cut outs or die cuts can provide interacting within a book. Many of these examples like the cut outs which flip to reveal more information, and the spinning dial with the rivit may be useful when hiding/displaying information about the related organelle.
COVERS: Included on the right are covers I found interesting beause of either illustration or hand done type. If possible, I will combine some simple illustations with hand done type to illustrate the action.
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LILY CAMPBELL
DIMENSIONAL BOOKS: Many of the books I found incorporated some sort of 3d element whether it be an attached element which can be played with or a textured area to illustrate material. This sort of addition may work in my books in order to differentiate between organelles and the cell or to create areas where children can physically move parts of the book. For example the golgi apparatus page could include proteins that the children could remove from the endoplasmic reticulum, move through the golgi, and into a vesicle on the other side. perhaps they could even add the membrane proteins.
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BOOK SIZE: When it comes to book sizes for children, the bigger the better, in my opinion. When children make their own books, they want to use the biggest paper, write a big as possible, and stretch their illustrations across the entire page. When reading in a group of children it seems inconvinent for one of the children to hold the book while
the others look on, instead they tend to lay the book on the ground and lay infront of it, so everyone can be as close as possible, help turn the pages, follow along with their finger when they read aloud, and interact with the illustrations (especially if these are interective illustrations.)
Many times children’s books are read aloud by either a teacher or parent, in which case, it’s incredibly useful to have an oversized book. The adult (or student even) is able to read while sharing the illustrations with the entire group.
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LILY CAMPBELL
INTERACTIVITY: Because I am currently hoping to include so many interactive features, it may make more sense for this project to manifest itself in the form of an ipad app or website. I am reluctant to propose such a project because of my own limitations. But if time allows, I would really like to translate cell cities into a more accessable media like the ipad or the internet.
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ADITIONAL INFLUENCES: The book to the right (an above) was a book I had when I was ten. The first few pages included a cartoon of the security guard at an art museum waking up and realizing that the museum had been broken into, and 10 painting replaced with frauds. You continue through the book doing a sort of spot the differences technique refereneing the paintings currently in the museum with those in a catalogue on the bottom half of the book. The book kept me entertained for hours trying to solve the mystery of who stole which painting. The book may actually be the reason I became fascinated with art and decided to come to parsons. My brother had the rug on the bottom right when we younger, and we used to play on top of it with trucks, barbies, polly pockets, and animal figurines. This sort of a large scale map could work for my interactive book. A cell or city map where kids can place in organelles and interact with the system as a whole.
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LILY CAMPBELL
THE BOOK: After looking at all the previous influences I found a few objects which will provide me with a more precise direction. I would really like to use some form of cut and reveal. I love the bright graphic illustrations in the book (above center.) The PR3 book (bottom right) caused me to reconsider my target group. This book could potentially be condensed into a book where every chapter covers an event in the cell, it could be bound beautifully like this one, and I could see a bunch of nerdy young teenagers carrying the book around (excuse my use of the word nerd but I would have considered myself one at that age.)
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PLAY TIME: On the bottom of the opposite page I began to play with how parts of the city could be introduced. This illustation, however, has not undergone any revisions and I don’t believe they are very useful in conveying the information nessesary. On the bottom of this page I have begun to play around with how a cut and reveal may work to my
advantage, by cutting out the shape of the organelle from the building it will imply a connection between the building and the organelle.
why can’t the buildings be actual characters, like characters in many traditional childrens books. This will make the organelles more memorable and relatable
To the right, I began to play with the buildings as more simplifies icons, inspired by the PR3 book. But then I began to think,
CELL CITY
chloroplasts act like factories in plants taking in energy from the sun and converting it into energy for the cell to use.
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email:
lily.k.campbell@gmail.com campl073@newschool.edu phone:
802.236.5724 mailing address:
Lily Campbell 439 W 51st Apt 1E New York, NY 10019
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{applause}