(15) ≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]{X-tØmSp _‘-s∏´ kmº-ØnI CS-]m-Sp-Iƒ ssIImcyw sNøp-∂X - n\p cma-Ir-jvW] - n-≈bv°p kzmX{¥yw \evIn. ]{Xm-[n-]¿°p \n›-bn-°-s∏-´n-cp∂ iºfØpI-bn¬ Ihn™ Hcp kwJy Hmtcm amkhpw IrXy-amb ka-b-Øp-Xs∂ FØn-®p-sIm-SpØn-cp-∂p. kztZ-im-`n-am-\n-bpsS Bÿm\w A©p-sX-ßn¬ \n∂p Xe-ÿm-\-tØ°p am‰n-bXv, ]{Xm-[n-]¿°p IqSp-X¬ kabw ]{XØn-\p- th≠n sNe-hg - n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂p- ≈ - XpsIm-≠m-Wv. tIcf-Øns‚ ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-\-N-cn-{X-Øn¬ Hcp ]{Xw BZy-ambn {]XnZn\]Xn-∏p-Ifnd-°n-bXv 1908 \hw-_¿ amk-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. kztZ-im`n-am-\n-bm-bn-cp∂p B ]{Xw. (4) `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS {]hrØn-Iƒ FSp-Øp-]-d™p hna¿in°p-Ibpw {]XymLmX-ßsf∏‰n i‡-amb `mj-bn¬ ap∂dnbn∏p \¬IpIbpw sNøp∂ AXn\nin-X-amb hna¿i-\-co-Xn-bmWp cma-IrjvW] - n≈ Ahw-e_ - n-®X - v. P\m-[n-]X - y-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ k¶-ev]ß - ƒ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-SmØ Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. \ma-am-{X-ambn P\-{]Xn-\n-[n-k`- I - ƒ {]h¿Øn®p XpS-ßn-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw cmPm-hns‚ Xocpam\w Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p \nb-aw. P\m-[n-]-Xy-co-Xn-bn-ep≈ `c-W-kwhn-[m-\Ø - ns‚ Iogvhg-°ß - s - f-°p-dn®p P\߃ A⁄-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]{X{]h¿Ø-\-amI-s´, i‡-amb \nb-{¥-W-Øn\p hnt[-bhpw. cmPy-Xm-Xv]-cy-Øn\p hncp-≤-sa∂v A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ°p tXm∂p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ GXp {]kn-≤o-I-c-Whpw AS®p ]q´m≥ k¿°m-cn\v A[n-Im-ca - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. `c-Wm[n-Im-cn-Iƒs°-Xntc hy‡n-]c - a - mb hna¿i\-߃ \S-Øp∂ ]{Xm-[n-]sc cmPy-t{Zm-lIp-‰-am-tcm-]n®p in£n-°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-Imihpw Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iqdns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw hna¿i-\-߃ GXp `mK-Øp-\n-∂p-≠m-bmepw AwKo-I-cn°m≥ Iq´m-°mØ `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-amWp \ne-hn-en-cp-∂-Xv. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ Znhm-\m-bn-cp∂ ]n. cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nmcn GIm-[n-]Xy{]h-W-Xbp≈ `c-Wm-[n-Imcnbmbn-cp-∂p. B GIm[n-]X - y-{]-hW - X - sb cma-Ir-jvW] - n≈ \ninX-ambn hna¿in-®p. cma-Ir-jvW-]n-≈bv°p cmPm-hn-t\mSv FXn¿∏n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂p-am{X-a√ At±lw Hcp cmP-`-‡-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, cmPm- h ns‚ t]cn¬ Znhm\pw Znhm≥ cmPtk-hI - cpw \S-Øn-bn-cp∂ Agn-aX - n-Iƒ hna¿i-\-hn-t[-b-am-°p-∂-Xn¬ Hcp hn´p-ho-gvNbv°pw At±lw Xbmdm-bn-√. Znhms‚ Zp¿`-c-W-Øn-s\-Xntc cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ i‡-ambn {]Xn-Ic - n-®p. cmP-`c - W - Ø - n¬ \S-°p∂ Agn-aX - n-If - psS IY-Iƒ Hs∂m∂mbn ]pd-Øp-h-cm≥ XpS-ßn. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse ]{X-{]-h¿Ø\cw-KØv AsXmcp ]pXn-b- A\p-`-h-am-bn-cp∂p.
`c-W-Iq-SsØ hna¿in-®p-sIm≠p≈ Ht´sd apJ-{]-kw-Kß - ƒ kztZim-`n-am-\n-bn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏´p. Ahbn¬ Nne-Xns‚ Xe-s°-´p-Iƒ C{]Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. "Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iqdpw ssI°q-en-°mcpw', "cmPy-tk-hI - cpw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ Kh¨sa‚pw', "sIm´mc-Ønse sIme-]m-XIw', "k¿°m¿ k¿∆okv Zqjyw cmP-`-‡n-h¿[-\', "i¶-c- \-ºq-Xn-cnsb \mSp-IS- Ø - c - ptXm'. "Hcp e£w cq]' F∂ Xe-s°-´n-segp-Xnb apJ-{]-kw-K-Øn¬ {ioaqew Xncp-\m-fns‚ aI-fpsS sI´p-Ie - ym-WØn\p s]mXp-JP - \m-hn¬ \n∂p sNehgn® `oa-amb XpI-sb-∏‰- n-bmWp ]cma¿in-®n-cp-∂X - .v DtZym-KÿZpjv{]-`p-XzsØ-°p-dn®pw Ah-cpsS A[m¿an-IX - -
]n. cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nmcn sb-°p-dn®pw Xpd-∂-Sn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ teJ-\ß - ƒ kztZ-im-`n-am\n {]kn-≤oI-cn-®p. "K¿ly-amb \SØw' F∂ apJ-{]-kw-KØ - n-eqsS Znhms‚ kZm-Nmc-t_m-[sØ ]{Xm-[n-]¿ Xpd-∂p-Imsk]vXw-_¿ 2016