WORKING INSTRUCTIONS

IMPORTANT: In work position, the wheels which control the steering are at the rear. For this reason, travel and steering controls are inverted.

Backhoe attachment

PDE0027 When laying a double pipeline, two parallel trenches can be dug at different depths (for example, for water and gas). It is advisable to move the excavator sideways to dig one trench and then the other, while remaining perfectly aligned. Two pipelines can be laid in the same trench, even if they are not at the same depth. The work should be carried out alternately as shown in the diagram. Move the excavator by a distance equal to the width of the bucket to prevent bucket offset and dig a perfectly straight trench.

PDE0028 To dig trenches between 1.00 m and 1.30m in depth (beyond this depth they have to be shored), the trench must be opened in a V-section to prevent caving in. To do this, first open by following the center line, then gradually moving from the center line, trim the trench to obtain a V-section.

PDE0029 When opening a trench, leave one side free to store tools or material. Dump the spoil on the other side, leaving a space of 0.40 m between the spoil and the edge of the trench. If the trench depth is between 1.00 m and 1.30 m, increase this space to 0.80 m, so that the trench can be opened in a V-section.

PDG0102 A B

PDE0031

For offset backhoe work, position the machine correctly in relation to the obstacle (wall, hedge, etc.) from the start: with the boom/dipper linkage aligned with the trench. Do not extend the dipper completely, use a short dig cycle, backing up frequently to maintain the correct alignment.

(A) WRONG (B) RIGHT

It is important to position the teeth correctly. For best performance and to prevent breaking the teeth, cut the ground without tearing it.

PDE0030 To excavate (a basement, for example), do the corners first. Follow the sequence shown in the diagram. Complete the final side and final corner last, when exiting the excavation.

PDE0032 For best backhoe performance, begin by positioning the teeth correctly. Close the bucket as soon as it begins to move so as to place the teeth in horizontal position. The teeth, not the bucket, must rest on the ground, to prevent bumping and to ensure that all the force is on the teeth.

PDH0101 For earthmoving, the bucket must be filled over a length of ground equal to the length of the dipper. It would be a waste of time to work over a greater or shorter distance.

PDH0102 The results will be better if the beds are removed successively. Make sure that the teeth are in the correct position from the start. The thickness of the beds will depend on the firmness of the ground. It is important to synchronize the movements of the boom, dipper and bucket to achieve perfectly horizontal excavations and trench bottoms. As soon as they begin to move, extend the dipper and lower the boom. Close the bucket and retract the dipper, while at the same time watching the position of the teeth to prevent the bucket from scraping against the ground. Keep raising the boom until the dipper has reached the vertical position. When the dipper has passed the vertical position, the bucket should be opened progressively to keep it flat and the boom should be lowered. To facilitate earthmoving operations with the backhoe, follow these tips: Always place the cab beside the truck to be loaded or any obstacle that may be there (for better working visibility). Then, begin work beside the truck to clear the ground for the swing movements which will follow. The cycle time will be shorter since you will not have to lift the bucket over the ground which is still in place.

Clamshell attachment

PDE0035 The clamshell has the special feature of being able to penetrate the ground while closing. The cylinder which operates the shells prevents the clamshell from rising during closure, so that the clamshell is filled quickly and completely.

PDE0036 To dig a basement (or any other type of excavation), it is important to start at the corners, but since the clamshell, unlike the backhoe, can swing, there is no need to dig the area in a set sequence. The sequence shown in the diagram should only be used as a guide. The operator may need to adopt other working methods, depending on the truck position, whether or not there is a slope leading to a garage and the size and shape of the excavation to be dug.

PDE0037

PDH0103 There are two ways to dig a trench at an angle behind a tree or a post: if the site is sufficiently clear on each side of the trench, the work will be easy. Position the excavator so that it straddles the trench and start working at the angle. If there is an obstacle near the trench (wall, hedge, etc.) place the machine as shown in the diagram and dig behind the obstacle. Clamshell swing is used in full to work behind the obstacle. The earth removed from the trench must be deposited at least 0.40 m from the edge of the trench, as when working with a backhoe attachment.

PDE0039 If a trench with angles must be opened, due to site conditions, the excavator can do this work without changing its position, provided that the length of the attachment corresponds to that of the trench. Clamshell swing is used to follow the marked course.

PDE0040 When working close to an obstacle, as shown in the diagram, before starting work, it is important to position the excavator correctly, so that the counterweight does not hit the obstacle when swinging the upperstructure. If possible, the trucks should also be positioned so as to minimize attachment movement when loading.

PDH0103 The clamshell allows you to work over an obstacle. However, check that the height of the obstacle does not prevent the attachment from lowering to the bottom of the excavation. If the obstacle is too high, use a long-mount extension and be guided by someone on the other side of the obstacle.

PDE0042 When working in shored trenches, close the clamshell completely to prevent the clamshell from turning and to prevent the teeth from getting caught on the shores when lowering the clamshell.

PDH0105 In some cases, the machine may have to work at right angles to the trench This occurs with special points in pipelines (welder niches, for example) or when laying utilities to deal with the collapse of a trench. Only the clamshell can do this work by going over the pipe if required.

PDE0044 The clamshell is not a hydraulic hammer. Do not strike the ground to make it enter. Use the combined force of the cylinders for efficient digging.

PDE0045 On firm ground, digging is easier if the shells are moved in and out over a short distance, while maintaining the pressure on the ground. This also makes it easier to fill the clamshell completely.

PDE0046 When working in sticky soil, do not close the clamshell completely. It will be easier to dump. Whenever possible, use trench type clamshells with ejectors. To swing the clamshell, close it a little (2 to 3 cm only) to unlock it. Rest the teeth on the ground, retract the dipper and at the same time raise the boom, set the swing in motion, raise the clamshell and lock it by opening it as soon as it is in the desired position.

PDE0047 Never let anyone guide the clamshell by hand, as their fingers could be severed.

PDE0048 When using the clamshell for earthmoving, position the clamshell so that the larger number of teeth are on the outer side of the excavation and the smaller number towards the next area to be excavated.