Established in 1989, the Fundacion Espriu integrates the bodies that practice the cooperative healthcare model created by Dr. Josep Espriu: Augtogestió Sanitària, SCIAS, Lavinia and ASISA, which form the Assistència Group and the ASISA Group.
MEDICAL NEWS
Some of Spain’s cities are amongst the most outstanding in Europe on the new Sustainable Urban Design Rating.
HEALTH IN SUMMER
We go over some of the most important preventive steps to protect ourselves from the sun with Doctor Eulàlia Baselga.
GYNECOLOGY HEALTHCARE COOPERATIVISM
Doctor Javier Sánchez reveals 10 practical tips for surviving the hottest months during pregnancy.
The Fundación Espriu is hosting the leaders of world cooperativism in Madrid at the first edition of the CM50.
We analyse the figure of the doctor according to the way they have been represented from ancient history to modern films.
Hot times, time to be careful
Summertime is many people’s favourite season and it is not difficult to understand why. The long days invite you to enjoy rest and relaxation, open-air events, travelling and contemplation. It is a period which, in an almost natural way, pushes us to leave our routine, to slow down and to reconnect with ourselves and with our surroundings. But precisely for this reason, when the mind and body relax, this is the time when we should pay most attention to our health.
This edition of our magazine concentrates on how to enjoy this season of the year healthily and consciously, catering to the challenges that may arise with the heat and summertime activities. We invite you to delve into essential topics such as suitable sun protection, safe strategies for surviving the last trimester of pregnancy during the hottest months and tips about how to act when faced with any possible animal bites during your trips or journeys. All of this, aimed at being able to take full advantage of the opportunities of the summer without neglecting your health.
Within the framework of the International Year of Cooperatives, we go over some of the most important events to date. The Fundación Espriu had the chance to organise the CM50, an international meeting that brought together the leaders of world cooperativism to draw a joint road map for the future of both cooperatives and mutual societies This collaboration will be used as a prelude to the next world summit in Doha, where they will continue to move forward towards their shared goals.
After a 3 months of intense activity, this publication also represents a well-deserved break. We invite you to disconnect and to enjoy a special report devoted to the figure of the doctor, in which you will also find different leisure, literary and cinema proposals for these days of relaxation, as well as our normal leisure section, packed full of recommendations for making the most of your free time.
DESTINATIONS
These are the 10 natural wonders of the Canary Islands that should not be missed when travelling to the archipelago.
The Tour de France is one of the great events of July, which this year is celebrating 112 completely successful editions.
Carlos Zarco General Manager of the Fundacion Espriu
Spain has passed the new Healthy Urban Design Rating
Arecent study, published in The Lancet Planetary Health, introduces the Healthy Urban Design Index (HUDI), an innovative method for analysing public health in European urban settings. The index combines many factors – pedestrian accessibility, density of intersections, green spaces, topography, public transport and mixture of uses, in a high resolution grid to evaluate urban health in detail.
According to the analysis, no city on the continent reached the top score in urban health, which indicates generalised deficiencies in key aspects of the urban setting as a whole. However, the researchers emphasised that compact urban centres, with good road connectivity and a variety of urban uses showed a better score. Cities such as Barcelona, Berlin, Munich, Paris and Warsaw were positioned as re-
The Ministry of Health is promoting personalised medicine with two new specialities
The Ministry of Health has recently approved the creation of two new specialities within the system for Specialised Healthcare Training (FSE): Medical Genetics and Laboratory Genetics, both lasting four years. The speciality in Medical Genetics will be exclusively aimed at Medical graduates, whilst Laboratory Genetics will be open to graduates in Medicine, Pharmacy, Biology, Chemistry and Veterinary Medicine.
These specialised programmes will include not only cutting edge technical competences, but also clinical, ethical, communicational and organisational skills, in line with the highest international standards. The official training will offer a solid foundation for the new specialists to become incorporated in healthcare, research and teaching in as comprehensive a way as possible.
World Patient Safety Day
Since the 17th of September, 2019, World Patient Safety Day has been held every year, aimed at making patient safety visible as a global healthcare priority, ensuring that society is aware and involved, sharing knowledge and promoting international solidarity in the reduction of medical mistakes and avoidable injuries.
For 2025, the slogan chosen is “Safe care for all newborn babies and all children,” complementing this with the slogan “Patient safety from the very start.” This edition seeks to concentrate world attention on safety regarding child and neonatal care, a particularly vulnerable group, promoting actions in areas such as safe childbirth, immunisation, early diagnosis, safe medication and prevention of infections.
ferences in terms of walkability, thanks to its setting that encourages physical activity and environmental quality.
Spanish urban design
Regarding Spain exclusively, the study mentions several relevant discoveries: the country presents some of the most advanced examples of healthy urban design in Europe. This is the case of Barcelona, one of the top-ranked cities in which walking means a healthy means of transport, thanks to its compact design, good road connectivity and diverse offer of nearby services. Madrid, although not amongst the absolute leaders, also has medium-high scores, particularly in accessibility and urban density. However, many other large cities are facing up to challenges related to the availability of quality green spaces and the gradient of the land.
Herpes simplex: a generalised infection that requires care
In Spain and in much of the world today, herpes has turned into a silent, but ever-present infection, with a marked oversize in the working/active population.
According to recent data released by the WHO, approximately 3,800 million people under the age of 50 years (64%) are infected with HSV-1, the virus responsible for oral herpes or “cold sores”, while 520 million people between the ages of 15 and 49 years (13%) live with HSV, the main cause behind genital herpes.
Although most cases do not show any symptoms, when they appear they can cause recurrent painful wounds and HSV-2 can even double the risk of contracting HIV.
Transmission mainly occurs by skinto-skin contact, both when there is an outbreak with visible sores and during asymptomatic phases. In the case of those already infected,
antiviral medicines such as acyclovir or valacyclovir relieve the symptoms and decrease the frequency of outbreaks, but they do not eliminate the virus. Given its high global impact and growing prevalence, experts underscore the need for greater investment in sex education, correct diagnosis and social awareness to break through the stigma, protect reproductive health and keep this chronic infection under control.
Key milestones for the 78th World Health Assembly
From the 19 th to the 27 th of May, the 78 th World Health Assembly took place in Geneva under the slogan “One World for Health”, bringing together delegations from the 194 Member States. Over 75 debating points tackled subjects as diverse as healthcare emergencies, public health and financial sustainability.
One of the most significant advances was the adoption by consensus of the first agreement of the WHO on pandemics, after over three years of negotiations. This instrument seeks to strengthen the world response to future healthcare crises, guaranteeing equal access to vaccines, diagnoses and treatments without undermining national sovereignties.
Additionally, the Member States ratified a 20% increase in the obligatory contributions up to 20302031, in such a way that these represent half of the WHO’s basic budget and they announced new donations of at least 210 million dollars, and so guaranteeing a more foreseeable and resilient funding.
The assembly also passed many resolutions in critical areas: lung and kidney health, rare diseases, digital health, air pollution, promotion of social connection, reduction of exposure to lead, eradication of dracunuliasis and updating of the International Code of Marketing for Breast-Milk Substitutes and proposed a new World Prematurity Day.
In a global context marked by armed conflicts, climate crises and forced displacements, the representatives coincided with the need to strengthen the national healthcare systems. Resilience, equality and training were recurring concepts in the discussions, reflecting a shared concern for guaranteeing essential service, even in highly vulnerable settings.
The new index ranks 917 European cities based on their urban design for health and well-being.
Health in summer
ENJOY THE SUN safely
During the summer it is important to adapt routines and habits to the new environmental conditions, which have become slightly more extreme and so, prevent health problems.
By Àngela Zorrilla
Summer has arrived and with it, the sun has reached its greatest splendour. To ensure that your health doesn’t suffer, it is essential to learn to live with it using the right protection. The sun rays will provide doses of Vitamin D, which are so important for bone health and they will also improve moods due to their serotonin secretion. But if we do not protect ourselves, the sun can cause sunspots, the appearance of wrinkles and even more serious illnesses such as skin cancer, which is the most frequent type in Spain. And beyond these effects, excessive exposure to the sun can cause eye problems such as photokeratitis, conjunctivitis or dry eye.
Burning, the great danger
In order to avoid sunburn, it is crucial to protect your skin with a suitable sun cream and to apply it whenever necessary. Eulàlia Baselga, Head of the Dermatology Service at the Barcelona Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and a consultant doctor at Assistència Sanitària, recalls that it is also important to “protect yourself with tightly-woven cotton clothing in dark colours.” Seeking out the shade, avoiding sunbathing in the central hours of the day and continuously hydrating yourself are other good habits that we must take on in the summer. If, in spite of these preventive steps you get burnt, Baselga recommends the use of anti-inflammatory treatments, which “help to minimise the appearance of blisters.” And at the same time, apply products on to the skin that calm the discomfort derived from the burns, “particularly the initial itching.”
Preventing these burns is essential for your health because they are related to the appearance of melano-
Sunburn is related to the appearance of melanomas
mas. This type of skin cancer is diagnosed in around 80,000 people in Spain and “it is linked to these burns, although they may have occurred in childhood,” Baselga indicates. In fact, the risk of melanoma in adults is doubled if the person in question suffered from sunburn during their childhood or as a teenager. To prevent melanoma, special attention must be paid to moles or sunspots. If any change in colour, size, shape or edge occurs, an expert in dermatology must be consulted.
During childhood, adults must apply the photo-protective creams to the children. Baselga insists that “children must be educated in good habits regarding the sun, in the same way that they are taught to eat
Seeking out shade, avoiding sunbathing during the central hours of the day and hydrating yourself all the time are some of the good habits to take on in the summer.
well or to be responsible about their homework.” It is important to teach them about the use of photo-protection creams, but also get them used to “wearing peaked caps, to seek out the shade and not try to get brown,” she adds. She also warns that the skin has a memory and that all the excesses that occur from an early age will have consequences in the future.
PFurthermore, it is essential to be careful about the temperature and to avoid sunstroke, which occurs when the body temperature rises above 40 degrees. The symptoms include confusion, irritability, delirium, nausea, vomiting, reddened skin or fast breathing and can occur at any age, with children and the elderly being more prone to suffering from this.
How to take care of your eye health
Society has gradually become aware of the importance of protecting your skin during the summer. But this is not the case regarding your eyes. Solar radiation accelerates eyesight ageing process, as it does with the skin and it also increases the risk of suffering from pathologies such as cataracts, conjunctivitis, dry eye or agerelated macular degeneration, which today, is one of the most important causes of irreversible blindness from the age of 60 onwards. The National College of Opticians-Optometrists warns that, in the summer prolonged exposure to the sun increases the risk of suffering from eye diseases by up to 25%.
In order to guarantee good eye health in the summer, it is advisable to use quality sunglasses. That is to say, ones that block the ultraviolet rays A, B and the infrareds; which are homologated and meet all the healthcare controls. It is also important to hydrate them with artificial tears and therefore avoid excessive dryness of the eyes that is usually caused by the heat or the use of air conditioning units.
Which is the right sun protection cream?
The main advice is for its sun protection rate to be high: a minimum of 50 SPF is recommended. Baselga explains that “a 50 protection factor means that a person can be exposed to fifty times the amount of time that their skin needs to turn red.” Additionally, the photoprotectors have evolved a great deal and in many cases, the expert indicates “it is no longer necessary to apply them 30 minutes before exposure to the sun because they are absorbed almost immediately.”
Buying creams that promise express tanning is dangerous, as generally “they include substances that are harmful to the skin and do not give enough protection against the UV rays. If anything, they can bring about burns,” she points out. And remember that all these steps must also be taken on cloudy days: “We have the feeling that the sun isn’t touching us and it is a mistake because, the truth is clouds filter the sun’s radiation very little.”
PREGNANCY IN SUMMER: tips for the last trimester
In order to survive the hottest months during pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester, it is essential to give priority to hydration, avoid excessive heat and carry out gentle activities in cool environments.
By Gal·la Torres
High temperatures and excessive heat can mean a challenge for pregnant women. “During pregnancy there is a natural tendency towards vasodilatation, which promotes a feeling of dizziness, fatigue and low blood pressure,” Javier Sánchez, gynaecologist and obstetrician at the hospital HLA La Vega in Murcia explains. “The risk of dehydration and oedemas also increases, particularly in the legs and ankles.”
The consequences affecting the physical and emotional condition of pregnant women, particularly in the last trimester of pregnancy become accentuated due to the fact that their bodies increase in weight and they retain more liquids. “In the third trimester, the woman’s body experiences a
greater circulatory and metabolic overload. The uterus, by this time already very large, can compress abdominal vessels and make the venous return more difficult, encouraging oedemas or a feeling of heaviness. Additionally, the risk of a premature delivery is more present, meaning that it is crucial to avoid any situations of thermal stress or dehydration that could trigger it,” the gynaecologist warns.
In general terms, pregnant women are recommended to avoid prolonged exposure to the sun, to keep themselves hydrated and to rest in cool places during the summer months. It is also advisable to take note of the blood pressure and the warning symptoms, such as persistent headaches, blurred vision or premature contractions.
“In the third trimester, the woman’s body experiences a greater circulatory and metabolic overload. The uterus, by this time already very large, can compress the abdominal vessels and make the venous return more difficult, encouraging oedemas or a feeling of heaviness.”
10
tips for a healthy pregnancy during the hot weather
Although it is common for the heat to cause a feeling of sickness or discomfort for pregnant women, it is possible to guarantee a healthy pregnancy and, at the same time, enjoy the summer. There are ways of avoiding, to a large extent, the negative part of the hottest months of the year.
The specialist in gynaecology, Javier Sánchez underscores the main indications to ensure greater wellbeing during the pregnancy:
1
Good hydration. Particularly during the last trimester of the pregnancy, women frequently experience sweating throughout the day and night. For this reason it is essential to remain hydrated, “trying to drink at least two litres of water per day to prevent dehydration and its possible consequences.” A good option is to always carry a bottle of water with you, in order to fight against dehydration.
2 Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun. It is important to avoid prolonged exposure to the sun, particularly during the central hours of the day (between 10 am and 4 pm), and to adequately protect yourself from the sun. When you are in the open air, it is recommended to opt for shady spaces, use a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses or take cold showers that can help to lower the body temperature.
3
Skincare. During pregnancy, the skin can become more sensitive and in order to take care of it, it is essential to use a sun cream with a high protection factor and re-apply it every two hours, particularly after swimming or if you are sweating.
4
Comfortable clothing. When getting dressed, it is advisable to opt for comfort and avoid tight clothing, particularly on the legs, in order to not obstruct the venous return. “Clothing must be light, preferably made from natural fabrics such as cotton or linen, along with comfortable footwear to encourage the circulation.”
5
Balanced diet. A light diet, rich in seasonal fruit and vegetables, which provide water and essential minerals is advised. The consumption of salt should be reduced to prevent the retention of liquids, avoiding large or very greasy meals, along with dividing the intake over several meals per day.
6
Physical activity. “Whenever there is no medical reason to the contrary, moderate exercise is highly beneficial during pregnancy.” However, during the summer period, it is positive to carry out gentle activities and choose the cooler times of day, such as walking first thing in the morning or at dusk, practicing yoga for pregnant women or swimming in well-maintained swimming pools.
7 Fatigue and tiredness. If travelling or hiking, it is advisable to take frequent breaks to rest, particularly if you are feeling fatigued or heavy. In the case of oedemas appearing on the legs or ankles, you should raise your legs when resting or use cold water baths to alleviate the swelling.
8
A good sleep routine. Good rest must be guaranteed, frequently and in cool places. Keeping the bedroom ventilated, taking short naps and continuing a regular sleep routine can contribute to improving the rest during the summer holidays.
9
Recommended medical checkups. Throughout all the stages of the pregnancy, it is essential to maintain a regular medical monitoring, “particularly for women with risk factors, such as hypertension, gestational diabetes or a history of premature childbirth in order to guarantee that everything is evolving normally.” Carrying out an updated medical register will help to detect any unusual change that could require attention.
10 Bathing on the beach and in swimming pools. The doctor explains that whenever the water is well-maintained, there is no general contraindication for bathing in swimming pools or at beaches during pregnancy. However, from the third trimester onwards, great care should be taken, particularly if the cervix is dilated, the mucus plug has disappeared or there is a history of vaginal infections “The best idea is to avoid stagnant or polluted water and always shower after swimming.”
Is it a good idea to DIET IN THE SUMMER?
Starting a diet in the summer can be beneficial if it is carried out in a balanced way. The abundance of fruit and fresh food helps, but there is also the risk of taking on unnecessary and unhealthy restrictions.
By Sílvia Cardona
The concept of diet is instantly linked to weight loss and, in most cases, it conjures up the idea of low caloric diets (based on calorie restriction). However, following this type of diet causes different reactions in the body, which has mechanisms to protect itself against the lack of food using a homeostatic system that seeks to maintain the body weight, such as a slowing down of the metabolism and an increase in the feeling of hunger.
So, what should be done to effectively lose weight in a sustained way? The first thing is to reduce or eliminate highly processed foods (snacks, soft drinks, industrial confectionery, commercial sauces, etc.). On the other hand, it is recommended to include dishes based on vegetables, legumes, fruit or wholemeal grains, which induce a feeling of satiety. To increase the lean mass and to prevent the metabolism from slowing down, it is crucial to carry out strength-based physical exercise and to be physically active.
Running away from miracle diets
With the arrival of the good weather, an avalanche of messages, diets and products aimed at the ‘bikini challenge’ appear. It is very difficult to stick to miracle or fashionable diets and they do not promote long-term result, rather the opposite, but they are very popular, particularly on social media. Scientific evidence affirms that many of these diets can create dysfunctional patterns related to food, as well as nutritional deficiencies. According to the Spanish Foundation of Dieticians-Nutritionists (FEDN), some of the main characteristics of fraudulent weight-loss diets are:
•They guarantee and promise fast results
•They give affirmations that contradict highly reputable healthcare professionals.
•They include stories or testimonies that bring credibility
•They contain lists of good and bad ingredients.
•They exaggerate or distort the scientific reality of a nutrient or food.
•They include or are based on the consumption of preparations that are sold by those promoting the diet.
•The preparations to be eaten have a very high cost in comparison to the economic value of obtaining the same results eating common foods.
•They usually disassociate themselves with any possible adverse effects related to their use with sentences such as: “The author or the manufacturer is not responsible for…”
•They use recommendations based on a single study.
Dieting in the summer? Pros and cons
When starting a diet in the summer, there are aspects that can either make it easier or more difficult to stick to your diet.
Main advantages:
•More free time. There is usually more time available to organise yourself, do the shopping, plan weekly menus, cook, etc. All of this encourages the implementation of healthy eating habits.
•A wide variety of fresh seasonal foods. With the heat, it is very common for you to feel like lighter (low in calories), refreshing dishes. There are many fresh, seasonal ingredients such as fruit and vegetables, in addition to recipes such as salads, gazpacho soup and other cold soups and creams, fruit smoothies, etc.
•Outdoor exercise. We have already seen the importance of accompanying your diet with physical activity. In the summer, it is easier to be able to carry out activities in the open air (walking, running, skating, cycling, swimming, hiking, etc.) At the same time, we are exposed to sunlight, which is essential for synthesising vitamin D.
Main disadvantages:
•Adaptation of meals outside the home. In the summer, it is normal to snack more between meals, eat ice creams, fast-food, as well as increasing the consumption of alcohol and sugary drinks. Additionally, going to restaurants often involves eating larger dishes and sweet desserts. Fried dishes may be prepared with reused vegetable oils; therefore they end up being more pro-inflammatory and difficult to digest.
•Less routine. This time of year is characterised by having more hours of sunlight, which has an impact on our schedules. For example, there is a tendency to delay meals. The lack of routine also may make it difficult to implement new habits, as an element that helps a great deal to achieve them is to establish links between an action that we do unconsciously (an established habit) with the one that we want to acquire.
•More social plans that revolve around meals. This usually causes great problems when following a specific diet. The excesses and temptations of aperitifs, beach bars or different festivals and celebrations can be very difficult to avoid.
Starting a diet in the summer can be an opportunity to become used to eating fresh foods and preparing light recipes, rich in fibre, vitamins and minerals. But it is essential to avoid following very restrictive diets which, in the long run, will have a counterproductive effect on losing weight and maintaining this weight loss.
Animal bites: a quick guide to how to act correctly
With the arrival of the summer, outdoor activities, travelling and contact with nature are all elements become more frequent. All of this increases the possibilities of coming into contact with animals, both domestic and wild, therefore raising the risk of being bitten. Although often these are surface wounds, some can have serious consequences, particularly if they affect sensitive areas such as the face, hands or joints, if the animal is sick or the bite is by a wild animal, of if the wound becomes infected.
Additionally, a bite can be a means of spreading infectious diseases. In wild or countryside contexts – particularly if we travel abroad, the risk of infection rises. Amongst the most concerning diseases are rabies (endemic in several countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America), tetanus and different bacterial infections (such as Pasteurella, Capnocytophaga or Staphylococcus). In tropical regions, some rodents or bats may also be vectors for uncommon viruses, but which are potentially dangerous. It is essential, therefore, to not underestimate any bite, however small or unimportant it might seem.
Steps to follow after being bitten
1. Wash the wounds immediately with soap and water for at least 5 minutes. This simple action can significantly reduce the risk of infection. Avoid using aggressive disinfectants such as alcohol or iodine directly on deep open wounds.
2. Control the bleeding by pressing the wound with a clean gauze or sterile cloth. If the bleeding is heavy or it does not stop after 10 minutes, seek medical help urgently.
3. Do not close the wound yourself. Except when indicated by a doctor, bites are usually left open to drain any possible bacteria.
4. Consult a healthcare professional as soon as possible, particularly if:
• The animal that has bitten you is not known, is wild or a stray.
• The bite is deep, on the face, hands or close to joints.
• You are in a country where there is a risk of rabies.
• You do not remember whether you are vaccinated against tetanus.
5. Treatment. After medical evaluation, you might be prescribed a post-exposure prophylaxis against rabies, a booster jab of tetanus or preventive antibiotics.
Cooperatives and social medicine
The ASISA Group reduces its fossil fuel use by 40%
The organization achieves significant progress towards carbon neutrality and consolidates its position as one of the 10 most responsible insurers, according to the MERCO ranking.
The ASISA Group has made progress on its 2023-2030 Sustainability Plan and is speeding up its path towards climate neutrality. The insurance provider has managed to reduce its use of fossil fuels by 40%, thereby reducing its carbon footprint. Overall, the ASISA Group has made significant progress on all three ESG pillars (environmental, social and corporate governance).
A greener ASISA Group
In 2024, the ASISA Group managed to reduce its use of fossil fuels in boilers by 40% compared to the previous year, thereby avoiding 960 tons of CO2. One of the most significant milestones regarding these goals is that 100% of the electricity consumed by the insurance provider is generated from 100% renewable sources.
This energy transition has been key in reducing the company’s environmental impact and making progress towards its neutrality goals for this year. Furthermore, the installation of 700 photovoltaic panels at its centres has enabled the ASISA Group to generate 489,330 kWh of energy, equivalent to the positive impact of planting 6,800 trees.
More inclusive governance
One relevant fact is that 72% of the Group’s workforce are women, highlighting the company’s commitment to equity in its organizational structure. One relevant fact is that 72% of the Group’s workforce are women, highlighting the company’s commitment to equity in its organizational structure. In terms of female leadership, the ASISA Group has increased the number of women in leadership, board or management positions by 6% compared to last year, a further step in its efforts to promote greater representation of women in key positions.
In 2024 the ASISA Group set aside more than
8 million euros for sustainable investment. Through the ASISA Foundation, the Group spent 3 million euros on sponsorship, donations and social action programmes. These initiatives have been recognized, and ASISA is currently placed among the Top 10 in the ranking of the most sustainable insurers in Spain, according to the MERCO ESG report.
Also, the ASISA Group is a member of the Spanish Network of the United Nations Global Compact and a partner of Forética, leading its “Sustainability in the Health Sector” working group. It is also a member of RedEWI, the network of women leaders in the insurance sector launched by INESE.
ASISA opens three new agencies in Valencia and Mallorca
ASISA has opened two new local agencies in Sueca and Malilla (Valencia) and another in Campos (Mallorca). The opening of these new offices is part of the company’s plans to continue growing in the Valencian Community and Mallorca, expanding the services offered by the company and simplifying paperwork to establish a more direct relationship with policyholders and make accessing benefits easier.
ASISA extends its reach
With the opening of the new agencies in Sueca (5 Santíssim Crist Street, ground floor) and Malilla (8 Pianista Martínez
Carrasco Street), ASISA now has 11 local agencies in the province of Valencia. These are joined by the ASISA offices in the city of Valencia (11 Poeta Querol Street). The new ASISA agency in Campos is located at number 16, Pare Alzina Street. With this new location, ASISA now has four commercial offices on the island of Mallorca, in Palma, Inca, Marratxí and Campos.
Within this framework of growth, ASISA has diversified its services and, in addition to health and dental insurance, they offer life, accident, death, pet and travel assistance, as well as sports insurance plans.
The new local ASISA agencies offer the company’s insurance products across various personal lines: health and dental, life, accident, pet, funeral, and travel assistance.
ASISA Group is committed to sustainable mobility, and most of the vehicles in its home care fleet are 100% electric.
HLA Inmaculada celebrates its 50th anniversary
The Granada City Council will award HLA Inmaculada University Hospital the Golden Pomegranate in recognition of its work and commitment to the city.
HLA Inmaculada University Hospital has commemorated its 50th anniversary with an institutional event that ended a year-long program of activities on a high note. The celebration took place in the outstanding Carmen de los Mártires gardens, in the city of Granada, a unique setting in which to recall five decades of commitment to the health and well-being of the people of Granada, who have made this hospital a reference centre for Andalusia.
The event, which brought together approximately 250 guests, was presided over by the President of the HLA Hospital Group, Dr. Francisco Ivorra Miralles, and by the Group’s CEO, Valeriano Torres. It was also attended by prominent local authorities such as the Mayor of Granada, Ms. Marifrán Carazo Villalonga, and the President of the Provincial Council of Granada, Francisco Pedro Rodríguez Guerrero.
A commitment to the people of Granada
HLA Inmaculada University Hospital was opened in June 1975 and, over the last fifty years, has become one of the highest-capacity hospitals in the HLA Group network and one of the leading private centres in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia.
Throughout these months, the hospital has organized different forums under the title ‘Open Territory’ focused on various key issues for the development of the city such as tourism, knowledge, justice or culture.
ASISA Vida launches a digital wellbeing platform
ASISA Vida has created a digital platform to help its policyholders care for their wellbeing and improve their health and quality of life. This initiative, called the ASISA Vida “Para Ti” (“For You”) program, is part of the insurer’s efforts to offer its policyholders personalized products with high added value to provide peace of mind for them and for their families.
ASISA Vida policyholders will be able to access a range of content related to health and wellbeing - physical, emotional and financial.
ASISA Vida policyholders who hold an ASISA Vida Tranquilidad (Peace of Mind) and/or ASISA Tranquilidad Protección Hipoteca (Peace of Mind, with Mortgage Protection) insurance policy will be able to access this platform. Among other resources, they will be able to access online lectures, educational materials, games and communities to share their experiences.
is the Spanish company advertising agencies admire the most HLA Group hosts the new headquarters of Ripoll y De Prado Medical Group
ASISA is the Spanish company professionals working in marketing and advertising agencies rank highest, according to the “Marketer Scope 2024/2025” study carried out by the Scopen consultancy firm. In the overall ranking, ASISA is the fourth company agencies admire the most, behind multinationals such as ING, Ikea and Pernod Ricard and ahead of Google, L’Oreal and P&G. In recent years ASISA has been one of the companies whose work has received the highest recognition from the advertising industry, which has granted awards to several of its campaigns and has acknowledged the insurer’s creative and innovative approach. Among these awards, ASISA has received three National Creativity Awards since 2022.
The first floor of the HLA Ramón y Cajal Medical and Surgical Centre houses the new headquarters of Ripoll y De Prado Medical Group, an institution specializing in traumatology and orthopaedic surgery, directed by Dr. Pedro Luis Ripoll and Dr. Mariano de Prado, along with Dr. Manuel Sanz.
Valeriano Torres, CEO of the HLA Group, stressed that “this high-level sports medicine unit is the reflection of a clear vision: the HLA Group’s commitment to offering our patients the best possible care, based on science and technology.” The clinical care unit treats all types of injuries related to conditions affecting the locomotor system, covering the entire population, including all ages and activities. This medical institution has a FIFA-accredited international unit specializing in sports injuries.
Lorenzo Jesús del Río, President of the High Court of Justice of Andalusia; Valeriano Torres, CEO of the HLA Group; Dr. Francisco Ivorra, President of the HLA Group; Marifrán Carazo, Mayor of Granada; Dr. Francisco Marti, Medical Director of HLA Universitario Inmaculada; Dr. Francisco Anguita, ASISA Delegate in Granada; David Cuevas, Manager of HLA Universitario Inmaculada; Nicolás Navarro, Vice President of the Provincial Council of Granada; Antonio Jesús Navarro, Government Delegate of the Andalusian Regional Government in Granada; and Indalecio SánchezMontesinos, Territorial Delegate for Health and Consumer Affairs of the Andalusian Regional Government in Granada.
Dr. Manuel Sanz, Medical Director in Seville; Dr. Pedro Luis Ripoll, Co-founder of the Ripoll and De Prado Group; Ms. Carmen Medina Velasco, Director of HLA Ramón y Cajal Hospital; Ms. Silvia Pozo Sánchez, City Councillor for Sports of the Seville City Council; Dr. Gregorio Medina Blanco, Vice President of ASISA-Lavinia and ASISA Delegate in Seville; and Valeriano Torres, CEO of the HLA Group.
Cooperatives and social medicine
Assistència Sanitària and SCIAS take stock of their activity in 2024
The group’s annual reports highlight the promotion of new initiatives in areas such as technological innovation, sustainability and improvement in the quality of care..
The 2024 financial year was a period of consolidation and forward-looking development for the Assistència Group, with significant progress in both the healthcare and organisational areas. In this context, Assistència Sanitària and SCIAS jointly published their corporate reports, a document which provides a rigorous and accessible overview of the main data on their activities, achievements, strategic projects and renewed commitments to the environment.
In addition to providing figures - such as those regarding care provided, hospital activity and how each service has performed - the reports are also a tool for analysis and planning, enabling the evolution of the
Group’s healthcare model to be visualised. They also reflect the promotion of new initiatives in areas such as technological innovation, sustainability, co-operative participation and the continuous improvement of healthcare quality standards.
Published in Catalan and Spanish and carefully designed with in-depth texts covering the highlights of the year, both reports are available in the publications section of the websites of both organisations. They have been produced in response to a clear pledge to maintain transparency, engagement with professionals and users, and commitment to a healthcare system driven by values, people and excellence.
Assistència Sanitària opens a new branch office in Baix Lobregat
With the aim of continuing to strengthen and promote its presence and natural trend towards growth in the Baix Llobregat county, Assistència Sanitària has opened a completely renovated branch office in the shopping district of Cornellà de Llobregat, right in the heart of the city centre. The opening ceremony for the new office on 19 May was attended by the city’s Deputy Mayor for Land Management and Housing, Antonio Martínez Flor, and the President of Assistència Sanitària, Dr. Ignacio Orce, along with other members of the organisation’s management team, heads of health care centres in the area and other representatives of local society.
According to Martínez Flor, “we are proud that the new Assistència Sanitària regional office is located in Cornellà, a city with a special commitment to public health”. Dr. Orce emphasised how deeply rooted the organisation is in an area which is very close to Barcelona, but very dynamic and with its own unique character. The new model is a benchmark for future plans for the organisation’s network, which has 21 customer service points spread across the geographical area where it operates. Also notable is the large number of people from Cornellà who place their trust in Assistència Sanitària to look after their health, over 20,000 people who depend on this branch office.
“Cerebroflexia”, with Dr. David Bueno, closes the monday sessions at the Hospital de Barcelona
On 16 June, the last lecture of the academic year took place as part of the Monday sessions, a well-established training initiative at Hospital de Barcelona which, throughout the year, has provided a space for the exchange of knowledge and reflection on health, medicine and healthcare management. This last session was led by Dr David Bueno, Doctor in Biology and Director of the
UB-EDU1st Chair of Neuroeducation at the University of Barcelona, who gave a talk with the title ‘Cerebroflexia’ (‘Brainflexia’).
The human brain at Hospital de Barcelona
In his presentation, Dr. Bueno offered an innovative perspective on how the human brain adapts and learns throughout life, linking advances in
neuroscience with education and health habits. “Cerebroflexia”, or brain flexibility, was the core idea of his talk, and refers to the brain’s flexibility as an essential tool for managing change, improving decision-making and promoting a mentally healthier life, both in personal and professional contexts.Throughout the academic year, these Monday sessions have served as a meeting point for pro-
fessionals from the centre, doctors from Assistència Sanitària and other prestigious external experts.
Initiatives such as these, with weekly meetings over the last nine months, underline Hospital de Barcelona’s commitment to continuing education and professional excellence, strengthening its position as a leader in the field of co-operative healthcare.
Two tournaments that bring people together
Grup Assistència is committed to team
building initiatives that promote cohesion, well-being and camaraderie. Sport has become a natural ally.
Aware that teamwork extends beyond day-to-day professional activities, Grup Assistència companies are committed to team building initiatives that promote cohesion, well-being and camaraderie. With this goal in mind, sport is a natural ally (even more so in a healthcare organisation): it encourages healthy habits and creates spaces in which to share, collaborate and enjoy.
A day to get to know each other
On 27 April the 2nd Grup Assistència Padel Tournament took place, bringing together professionals from different Group organisations in an atmosphere geared towards collaboration, conviviality and fair play.
As part of the internal Together is Better project, the tournament was organised in such a way as to encourage interaction between people from different areas, companies and profiles. Setting competition aside, this day was an example of how sport can strengthen bonds and
generate a positive environment within an organisation.
Sport as a team-building tool
On 28 June the 2nd Grup Assistència Football Tournament took place at the Johan Cruyff Stadium in FC Barcelona’s Joan Gamper Sports City. It was another chance to enjoy a day loaded with energy, fun and camaraderie. The teams were made up of participants from different companies, with a range of ages and roles, with the aim of promoting diversity and an inclusive team spirit. In addition, the people selected to play received an official FC Barcelona kit as a gift.
Both initiatives reflect the Grup Assistència’s commitment to the all-encompassing well-being of its professionals and to the creation of an organisational culture based on people, respect and participation. Because being united, both inside and outside the workplace, is also a way of caring. Hence the motto of the Together is Better project.
New radiology equipment in Hospital de Barcelona’s emergency department
Social commitment with real impact
In keeping with its inclusive approach and its broad understanding of health, which includes social and community well-being, Assistència Sanitària continues to strengthen its corporate social responsibility through meaningful and transformational partnerships.
Union for inclusion
The agreement with the Ateneu Sant Roc Foundation, a leading organisation in Badalona with its work in favour of social cohesion in one of the neighbourhoods with the highest rates of vulnerability, has taken on renewed symbolic value: the recently appointed Pope Leo XIV visited its venue in person in 2017 to highlight its work and encourage it to continue building bridges of solidarity and dignity.
Likewise, as an organization made up of healthcare professionals and governed by a cooperative of physicians, Assistència Sanitària supports the Galatea Foundation, which is committed to the health and well-being of this professional group. Its main objective is to promote healthy lifestyles and ensure the rehabilitation and reintegration into the workforce of professionals (in medicine, nursing, veterinary medicine, pharmacy, psychology, dentistry, and social work) facing mental health issues and addictions, thereby guaranteeing better quality care for the public.
Social commitment
At the same time, Assistència Sanitària provides ongoing support to the Únics Cerdanya basketball team, the first in its county with players who are living with intellectual disabilities. Since 2020, it has been putting its commitment with inclusion through sport into practice and promoting the growth of the project not just promoting physical activity, but also contributing to the personal development, self-esteem and visibility of people with functional diversity.
Hospital de Barcelona has recently renovated the radiology equipment in the Emergency Department, adding state-of-the-art technology which will improve diagnostic accuracy and optimise patient care. This upgrade represents a major step forward in the centre’s ability to offer faster, safer and more detailed diagnoses, thus strengthening the quality of the service in the particularly critical area of the Emergency Department. These new technologies will also allow better integration with the hospital’s clinical systems, facilitating the work of all healthcare professionals and streamlining care pathways.
Cooperatives and social medicine
The Fundacion Espriu hosts the leaders of worldwide cooperativism in Madrid
The CM50 is outlining its road map up to 2030 and it is preparing its united voice for the UN’s Second World Summit on Social Development (WSSD2) in Doha.
On the 21st and 22nd of May, Madrid turned into the epicentre of worldwide cooperativism. Under the umbrella of the Fundacion Espriu, the Cooperatives and Mutuals Leadership Circle (CM50), the work group that brings together the top executives of the largest cooperative and mutual societies on the planet, held its third work session with all eyes looking towards the UN’s World Social Summit, which will be held in Doha in November, coinciding with the closure of the International Year of Cooperatives 2025.
Convened by the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA), the CM50 is pursuing four important targets: sharing innovation amongst
leaders, driving forward governmental commitments that strengthen cooperative companies, influencing the UN’s agenda and demonstrating that the cooperative model is a real catalyser for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). In Madrid, advances were made in this direction; the participants outlined the CM50 Manifesto, a plan of commitments for 2025 and a road map for the 2026-2030 period that will guide the political incidence work over the next few years.
The meeting, organised with the support of the Assistència and ASISA groups, brought together companies that appear on the World
International ASETT Forum, the new global laboratory of the social economy
On the 30th of May, San Sebastian was turned into the global capital of the social economy with the holding of the 1st International ASETT (Arizmendiarrieta Social Economy Think Tank). The event brought together over 400 people, amongst whom were prominent politicians, academics and businessmen and women from over 30 countries, all with a common goal: promoting the social economy business model as an effective tool to face up against the challenges of the 21st century.
Promoted by the Ministry of Work and Social Economy, the Spanish Social Economy Business Confederation (CEPES in Spanish) and the Mondragón Corporation, with the backing of Basque institutions, this forum showed that the social economy, when centred on people and on the common good offers
real, feasible solutions to problems such as exclusion, inequality and the climate emergency.
The Second Vice-president of the Government and Minister of Work and Social Economy, Yolanda Díaz, presided over the meeting and defined it as “a Davos for the social economy.” Díaz defended the model as a guarantee for decent work, economic democracy and commitment to the planet and encouraged the members of the recently established International Advisory Board of the ASETT to lead a global transformation based on solidarity.
During the forum, the manifesto ‘Social Economy: a route towards climate and social justice’ was presented, a call to action signed by international leading lights such as Thomas Piketty or representatives of the UN, the OECD and the ILO.
Amongst the forum’s activities, the panel called ‘Cooperativism in the service of social medicine’, stood out, in which successful cases were presented, such as that of the SCIAS-Hospital de Barcelona cooperative, which showed how cooperativism is an effective response to the problems of the healthcare sector.
This forum marks the start of a project with a global vocation. ASETT aspires to be much more than just a think tank: rather a group action, a space for building bridges between universities, governments and companies and a laboratory of transforming solutions with the social economy playing the leading role.
Dr. Carlos Zarco taking part in the ‘Cooperativism in the service of social medicine’ panel.
Cooperative Monitor, the ranking of the 300 largest cooperatives in the world, most of them from sectors such as health, finance, insurance or agriculture.
The event was brought to a close by the second Vice President of the Government and Minister of Work and Social Economy, Yolanda Díaz, who defined cooperativism as “a transforming strength that goes beyond the economic area and that is capable of channelling the climatic, geopolitical and social challenges that we are facing.” She added that “faced with the current global situation, with wars and the climate crisis, the answer is more cooperativism and more social economy, not to oust the traditional economy, but to compete with it on equal terms.”
For the event’s host, the Fundación Espriu, this act strengthens the strategic role of health cooperatives in the construction of accessible and fair healthcare systems. “Cooperatives are particularly ready to face up to the global challenges and to promote an inclusive, sustainable development,” Dr. Carlos Zarco, General Manager of
Symposium of health cooperatives in Uganda
The future of healthcare cooperativism in Africa was given a significant push forward with the holding of the Stakeholders’ Symposium on Health Cooperatives, a strategic meeting organised in Kampala (Uganda) by the cooperative KAMACOS (Kampala Medical and Allied Health Workers Cooperative Society), with the backing of the German Confederation of Cooperatives (DGRV in German).
The symposium brought together leaders of the health cooperative movement in Uganda and other neighbouring countries, as well as institutional representatives, amongst them the Ugandan Minister of Trade, Industry and Cooperatives, Francis Mwebesa. The goal was to analyse the potential of the cooperative model at improving access to medical care in vulnerable communities, particularly in those where the public system is limited or nonexistent.
The opening conference was given by Dr Carlos Zarco, Chairman of the International Health Cooperative Organisation (IHCO), who underscored the efficiency of healthcare cooperativism in contexts with important
structural deficiencies. Zarco also took part in the discussion forum sharing successful experiences of healthcare cooperatives in other regions of the world.
One of the most significant moments was the intervention given by Dr. Dan Kagaha, Chairman of KAMACOS, who gave a detailed presentation on the structure, working principles and the key activities of the cooperative. He explained how, since its creation in 2019, KAMACOS has grown until it now attends over 150,000 people a year using an approach that is people-orientated, centred on democratic management
the Foundation affirmed. “The Doha Summit is a key opportunity for governments to put cooperatives at the centre of the 2030 Agenda. The Fundación Espriu is proud to host this event, which launches a clear message: promoting cooperative companies is essential for building a fairer, healthier and more sustainable world.”
After the meeting in Madrid, the leadership circle will hold a final virtual meeting in September before landing in Qatar. During the World Social Summit in Doha, the CM50 will present its proposals before the Heads of State and international organisms. The aim is to convince the governments to adopt public policies that allow cooperative companies to increase their participation rate and their prominence in the national economies. With the unanimous commitment reached in Madrid, the CM50 has become consolidated as an international loudspeaker for the cooperative model, a solid business alternative which, as Jeroen Douglas, General Manager of the ICA affirms, “is an example of good business practices that tangibly contribute to building a better world.”
and community commitment. During his visit to Uganda, the Chairman of the IHCO visited the installations of KAMACOS; he took part in the meeting of its board of directors and also visited the Kansanga medical camp, one of the cooperative’s most emblematic initiatives. Every year, KAMACOS organises these camps in different communities to give free primary healthcare, medical consultations and health check-ups for people with no access to healthcare services.
The meeting of the IHCO representatives with Charles Olaro, Director of Healthcare Services at the Uganda Ministry of Health was particularly relevant, in which questions such as the potential of cooperatives to increase access to healthcare by the general population were tackled.
The participation of the IHCO in this forum strengthens its commitment to the development of supportive, self-managed healthcare models. The Kampala symposium shared a clear message: healthcare cooperatives are being called to play a key role in the extension of universal healthcare coverage in Africa.
The IHCO representatives visiting the Kansanga medical camp organised by the cooperative KAMACOA.
THE FIGURE OF THE DOCTOR: myth,
history and artistic inspiration
To begin with, medicine was first placed in the hands of shamans and “enlightened” men. Little by little, science became more established and the doctor turned into a respected professional who applied scientific protocols and proven ethics.
By Enric Ros
There was a time when medicine had close links to magic and even to religion. Shamans, witchdoctors, priests, animists, enlightened people of all kinds… all of them were figures who claimed to accumulate knowledge, often hermetic or semi-divine power; who knew – or said they knew, secrets to prepare ointments or substances from animals, minerals or plants with alleged healing functions.
The role that they fulfilled in ancient societies was, in spite of everything, essential: helping human beings to fight against disease and death, in times when there were more uncertainties than answers about how our bodies worked. To do this, they used two sources of knowledge: empirical observation and mystic-religious beliefs.
As explained by Juan Jaramillo Antillón in his interesting book Historia y Filosofía de la Medicina (History and Philosophy of Medicine) , little by little “medicine modelled the scientific spirit and dissipated the accumulation of existing beliefs and superstitions
[…] about diseases by revealing the knowledge of the human body and the deficiencies that occurred within it.”
Aristotle affirmed that scientific knowledge sought to know with certainty the why and wherefore behind the way a thing is as it is. This necessarily implies going back to the so-called necessary causes. Aristotle’s’ view of science discerned the existence of speculative sciences, which sought knowledge for itself, such as physics or mathematics and productive sciences, aimed at obtaining practical or beneficial results for our lives, such as architecture or medicine.
In this way, it moved on from a mythical reasoning, based on stories and symbolism, such as animism (which considered that invisible beings were behind the causes of death and disease) to another more rational thinking, consisting in the analysis of the facts and the search for scientific truth through some protocols. It was not an easy process, and over history the temptation to be led by deceit frequently re-appeared.
Imhotep, the Egyptian
Imhotep is the first doctor that we probably know about; an Egyptian who lived between the years 2686 and 2613 BC and who was also Prime Minister, as well as an architect. His healing skills turned him into the god of medicine. His figure was the inspiration behind the Greek god Asclepius.
Originally, the Greek god of medicine was Apollo or Alexicacus, ‘he who averts evil,’ to whom the Oracle of Delphos was dedicated. Some of his most famous “suggestions” –such as the one stating “Nothing in excess” may still be shared by modern doctors today. Apollo was in charge of training the centaur Chiron, who in turn educated several Greek heroes, amongst them, Asclepius. This legendary tale introduced another interesting idea: medicine, in spite of its apparently magical roots, was considered to be knowledge that could be transmitted from one person to another.
The first ‘scientific’ doctor
The start of scientific medicine is obviously linked to the figure of Hippocrates, the Greek who gave this practice its ethical scope. One of the many achievements attributed to him was the liberation of Athens from the plague by incinerating the dead and their clothing in bonfires.
Although he believed in ideas that today are inconceivable, such as the famous ‘humours’ or liquids that according to him the organism contained, as indicated by Juan Jaramillo, Hippocrates was responsible for creating what we today call clinical preparation, identifying the basic principles: inspection of the patient by observation and interrogation, as well as the systemised description of the diseases in order to help with the preparation of the disease pattern. This was a first giant step towards the professionalisation of the medical activity
THE MODERN DOCTOR: a mixture of scientist, technician and humanist
Educated in science, trained in technology and guided by ethical and human values, the 21st century doctor faces complicated challenges in a constantly evolving healthcare system.
It would be impossible to go over the list of names and discoveries in this article that allowed the moving on from the obfuscation to the light linked to science, but we can indicate some fundamental moments. Great names such as the Roman doctor Claudius Galenus, Oribasius de Pergamo (the personal doctor of the Roman Emperor Julian the Apostate and compiler of the medical knowledge from his time in
seventy volumes), or the Persian Al-Razi (who started to use alcohol for disinfection) were essential in this gradual progress. Also it is fair to say, there was a dark history regarding medicine, which has been collected very well by the neurologist and essayist José Alberto Palma, with terrible treatments such as the use of leeches or gory practices of the so-called mythical ‘sacamantecas’ or ‘fat-extractors’ in Spanish folklore.
In order to ensure that the doctors had the correct knowledge and applied proven procedures, academic institutions began to spring up, which were already flourishing in the Middle Ages, such as the Salerno Medical School in Naples, or the Montpellier School of Medicine, the oldest in the world, where amongst
others, Arnaldus de Villa Nova or the writer François Rabelais studied. In spite of all this, many religiously-inspired beliefs, such as the famous ‘king’s touch’, which attributed healing powers to the touch of monarchs remained.
Anatomy and reason
Later on, renaissance medicine, still very defenceless and with great religious fear, would have to face great challenges such as the Black Death. It was the time of the anatomists such as Vesalius or Leonardo da Vinci, who studied the human body by dissecting corpses. However, in times of the Illustration scientific societies started to be formed. The doctor was represented as the person in charge of bringing this knowledge to light as confirmed by Rembrandt’s famous painting, Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp (1632).
The 19 th century marked the end of more vertical medicine (which only allowed the wealthy to access the best medical treatments) in order to start the preventive medicine and public health phase, provi-
The 19th century marked the end of more vertical medicine in order to start preventive medicine and public health
ded by Rudolf Virchow, considered to be the father of modern pathology. It is also the time when ether first came into use for sedating patients before surgery. Great discoveries continued: the microbial theory and the study of infectious processes; the appearance of the first antibiotic, penicillin, thanks to Alexander Fleming, or the application of X rays, the first image diagnosis technique.
The 20th century would give way to the consolidation of different medical specialities and the constant progresses made in pharmacology and treatments. Research would be the key factor to ensure the fast evolution of medicine. The doctor would cease to be the mere experienced professional, who used his sense of smell to reach a diagnosis, and would start to accumulate a larger number of tests and evidence that would unequivocally certify the truth of their affirmations. Medicine was now a proven asset for humanity as a whole, which should have a universal scope. For this purpose, the primary care services would be consolidated in different countries and in 1948 the creation of the World Health Organisation.
Medicine, more human than ever before
Technology marks a large part of the medicine of the 21st century, which seeks to effectively fight against diseases which in times gone by were considered incurable. It is also the time when a holistic view of healthcare has been consolidated (recovering the former comprehensive view of the Greeks, but from today’s perspective). At the same time, the doctor must face up to challenges and ethical dilemmas derived from the exercising of their profession, promoting a more human praxis, which puts the patient at the centre of the entire process.
The contemporary doctor combines the use of multiple tools with different areas of knowledge (technical, scientific). To this must be added their own vital experience and some ethics that are used to conceive a medicine that serves the people, which manages to make the dream of the ancients into a reality, who wanted to harmonise the great contributions of science and humanities.
The doctor in LITERATURE
The doctor has been portrayed in books from many different viewpoints: as a saviour, a fraud, a visionary or a symbol of the power of knowledge.
Often, literature has felt attracted by the figure of the doctor, who has been presented in different ways, frequently ranging between two extremes: the altruistic doctor, selflessly dedicated to saving their patients; or the opposite, the charlatan or quack interested in making money at any price with the suffering of the patients.
An example of the former is Doctor Benassis, presented by Honoré de Balzac in Le Médecin de champagne (The Country Doctor, 1833), an extraordinary being who invests all his energies in trying to improve the living conditions of his community. A view that is very different from the
The doctor has been presented as a selfless altruist or as a quack who benefits from other people’s pain
doctor we find in Le Malade Imaginaire (The imaginary invalid, 1673), Molière’s comedy in which the hypochondriac Argán dreams of being surrounded by doctors who help him to extend his life, even marrying the daughter of one of them. The medical profession seems to be one of the French playwright’s obsessions. In a previous farce, Le Médecin malgré lui (The Doctor Despite Himself, 1666) he had already allowed himself to satirise the profession, showing a good-for-nothing, drunk lumberjack who manages to pass himself off as a doctor in a strangely convincing way.
A romantic double view
This Romanticism would continue with this dual view. The promethean myth matches the artistic creator and the scientist, representing them as empowered beings, free from all submission to the divinity, true masters of their destiny. This was confirmed by the poet Novalis, when he wrote that “poetry is the great art of building transcendental health”. In this way, the romantics dream with a world free from restrictions, in which the doctor will take charge of healing our bodies, while the artist will breathe life into the soul. But the so-called Gothic Romanticism, together with the gruesome horror stories, would fascinate people with the darkest reverse of Prometheus. The doctor, and by extension, the scientist would then turn into the one who committed the sin of hubris (or disproportion), by wanting
Doctor writers
Doctors have also felt drawn to literature. Thus, Arthur Conan Doyle passed on scientific methodology to the deductive methods used by his most famous detective, Sherlock Holmes, always well accompanied by the writer’s own alter-ego, Dr. Watson. Pío Baroja opted for an almost clinical narrative realism, devoid of any decoration in his novels. And Mikhail Bulgakov documented his personal experiences in the horrifying tale Morphine (the writer consumed this substance to overcome the pain caused by his war wounds), which the main character defines as “a clinical history”.
to emulate God himself, irresponsibly playing at creating life, as Dr. Frankenstein does in the famous novel of the same name (1818) written by Mary Shelley.
Commitment when faced with suffering
Existentialism is a humanism, as Jean-Paul Sartre explained. Therefore, in spite of the fact that this artistic and intellectual movement confirms the absurdity of existence, it also affirms the possibility that the human being may endow it with sense. This is what happens in La Peste (The Plague, 1947), by Albert Camus, where we discovered the humanitarian solidarity of the doctors during the plague epidemic that scourged the Algerian city of Oran.
Another different view, although particularly deep, is offered by Thomas Mann in the philosophical novel Der Zauberberg, (The Magic Mountain, 1924). The sanatorium here becomes a metaphorical limbic space, which is used to cover the great subjects of love, illness and death. The main character attends a conference by a doctor called Kokovski, which seems to be a reflection of Freud and also a type of spiritualist. In this way, the doctor once again becomes a mysterious figure, who craves reaching the comprehensive knowledge of the human being, even after death. The novel by Boris Pasternak, Doctor Zhivago (1957), returns to idealism, with a main character who is both doctor and poet and who will see how his life is disrupted by the turbulent times, from the First World War to the Russian Revolution, along with all their consequences.
Later on, other literary works have centred on describing the difficulties in the training phase or the ups and downs of the medical profession in very different works such as The House of God (1978) by Samuel Shem, a contra-cultural satire about the daily life of the inmates of a hospital; or the best seller The Physician (1986), by Noah Gordon, which takes up the conflict between religion and science, following the steps of a young man who aspires to become a doctor in 11th century England.
In Depth
White coats under THE SPOTLIGHTS
From the sinister doctor
at the beginning of film-making to the charismatic stars of the current television
series, the screen reflects the complexity and evolution of this fundamental profession.
The cinema and the television have both tackled the figure of the doctor on many occasions. As occurs in literature, the views have been highly contrasting. In the first days of the cinema, with the birth of the European avant-garde, the influx of gothic romanticism was particularly intense, with the presence of the mad doctors of expressionism and later on, in the Universal or Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Hollywood studios’ horror films.
In the films made during the Weimar Republic, the scientist was presented as a figure who often was worrying or threatening. In Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari (The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, 1919), by Robert Wiene, the patients of a
In Spain, the series ‘Médico de familia’ (‘Family doctor’) awakened many academic vocations
mental hospital showed true fear of the doctor in charge of the institution. The film showed an interesting ambiguity: was Dr. Caligari truly evil or was what we were seeing just the distorted point of view of an alienated main character?
From sinister scientist to selfless doctor
At the other extreme, classic films contributed to establishing the image of the humanist, vocational doctor, capable of selflessly devoting himself when the occasion required it, even when they are generally misunderstood. This is the case of the star of Doctor Bull (1933), by John Ford; a likeable country doctor played by Will Rogers who begins to be called into question in his little community due to his frequent visits to a widow… until there is a typhoid epidemic and they all see how important his presence will be for survival.
In these films by Ford, the doctor is a regular presence, almost always seem with complicity, who at times is the star of emotional episodes of redemption, as occurs in the priceless Doc Boone (Thomas Mitchell) in the western masterpiece The Stagecoach (1939). In European films, we can find another good example of a professional devoted to his work. In the French film Il est minuit, docteur Schweitzer (It is Midnight, Doctor Schweitzer, 1952), by André Haguet, the starring doctor fights obstinately to eradicate different diseases in
French Equatorial Africa, managing to found a hospital in which he will look after thousands of patients.
White-coated starts
There are actors who seem particularly comfortable when dressed in a white coat. This is the case of the young Dirk Bogarde, who in the 1950s starred in films such as Doctor in the House (1954), Doctor at Sea (1955), Doctor at Large (1957) or The doctor’s Dilemma (1958). Bogarde’s appearance sealed the image of the medical professionals as attractive, friendly and dapper, which would then be continued by American television se-
‘The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari’ (1919)
‘Doctor in the house’ (1954)
‘Patch Adams’ (1998)
ries such as General Hospital, which first appeared on screens in 1963 and continues to be shown now, or the later series, ER.
In Spain, at its most successful moment Médico de familia (Family doctor) the series created in the 1990s by Emilio Aragon contributed, as did its predecessors, to awakening different academic and professional vocations amongst the young generations. In the 21st century, we find an interesting contrast between the short-tempered, brilliant Dr. House, played by Hugh Laurie and the young autistic surgeon who is played by Freddie Highmore in The Good Doctor
Eccentric, charming, real
But not all the doctors on the screen are as seductive as Bogarde or George Clooney, the most famous actor who started his career in the famous series, ER. Some have a heart-warming, absent-minded aspect, a permanently distracted appearance as shown by Robin Williams in Awakenings (1990), where he plays the alter ego of the famous Dr. Oliver Sacks, or in Patch
Adams (1998), a film based on a true story of a professional who revolutionised the official medical community by applying unique therapies based on laughter to relieve the suffering of cancer patients.
One of the most interesting portraits in the world of medicine can be seen in the recent French film Hippocrate (Hippocrates: Diary of a French Doctor, 2014), co-written and directed by a doctor in real life, Thomas Lilti, who takes us, in a much more naturalist way, into the arduous road of learning experienced by a young resident doctor in a Paris hospital.
All these titles and many more, are representative of the interest that medicine continues to generate in the area of fiction. The medical profession brings together a series of challenges and dilemmas of different importance – scientific, social, moral, etc, which the reflection from different fields of expression provokes.
‘House’ (2004–2012)
‘Médico de familia’ (1995–1999)
‘ER’ (1994–2009)
10
natural wonders of the CANARY ISLANDS
The eight islands that make up the archipelago are full of unique landscapes, brimming with contrasts. We have selected ten of the ones that must be visited when travelling to this destination.
By Neus Duran
Seas of dunes dancing to the rhythm of the wind, ancient forests of lush vegetation, red-stained volcanic landscapes and natural swimming pools of emerald green water: the natural attractions of the Canary Islands are immense. With their four national parks and seven biosphere reserves, it is not surprising that the archipelago is considered one of the most valuable ecosystems in the world.
Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, La Palma, La Gomera and El Hierro form a kaleidoscope of settings, which are packed full of contrasts. From Lanzarote, a short trip by ferry takes travellers to another even remoter paradise: La Graciosa, one of the last remaining corners on the continent with only dirt roads.
Either discovering its volcanic, forest or desert landscapes, hiking or by car, visiting the islands is always an adventure. As is cruising through its waters to reach picturesque fishing villages and hidden caves, watching dolphins and whales along the way.
1. Teide, Tenerife
With its 3,718 metres, it is the highest peak in Spain, in addition to the most visited one; it is also a UNESCO world heritage site. When travelling to Tenerife, it is inexcusable not to visit Teide. Three million tourists every year turn it into the most visited national park in Spain and Europe, which can be covered on foot thanks to an extensive network of footpaths, following self-guided routes or using official guides. The cable car should not be missed, which will take us to the famous viewing point to enjoy a breathtaking panoramic view.
2. Garajonay National Park, La Gomera
An enchanted forest, straight out of a Brothers Grimm fairy tale, or from a scene from Jurassic Park: the Garajonay National Park is worth a visit to the small Canary Island of La Gomera on its own. Nature fiercely takes over in this forest, the main treasure of which is the laurisilvia, or laurel forest, ancient trees similar to laurel, lush and dark green colour in colour. Abundant millions of years ago, currently they only survive in a handful of places around the world and one of the most outstanding sites is this protected reserve that forms part of the 4,000 hectares of the park.
3. Anaga Country Park, Tenerife
Hiking, mountain biking, horse riding… there are many ways of enjoying the Anaga Country Park, which rises up a few minutes’ journey from Santa Cruz de Tenerife. It has over 14,000 hectares that spread through the districts of La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife and Tegueste and in which, in addition to an imposing mountain range with rugged peaks, we will find breathtaking ravines, ‘roques’ (ancient volcanic chimneys) and the most impressive element: a dense sea of clouds that seem to submerge travellers into a hypnotic dreamlike world.
4. Porís de Candelaria, La Palma
With its star-studded skies, its black sandy beaches and exuberant forests, La Palma, deservedly given the name of la isla bonita (the beautiful island), is an addictive destination. One of its most special corners is Porís de Candelaria, a fishing village nestled inside a cave that makes a unique picturesque setting. It is a group of charming, little white houses that the island’s inhabitants built in a 50 metre-high cave over a century ago. To reach the village, you have to travel to Tijarafe along a winding road, or sign up for one of the boat trips that stop at this spot.
Destinations
5. Maspalomas Lighthouse, Gran Canaria
Gran Canaria is often, with great accuracy, talked about as a real continent in miniature, on which all kinds of landscapes and climates occur. One of the top places to visit is the Natural Reserve of the Maspalomas Dunes, a highly valuable natural space that includes El Palmeral, La Charca and Las Dunas. Nestled between the sea and the sand, La Charca is a haven for countless birds that rest here during their migrations to Africa. Next to La Charca there is a sea of dunes which change their appearance, at the mercy of the wind, creating a visual spectacle that every year attracts thousands of travellers.
6. Charco Manso, El Hierro
With its leisurely pace, its volcanic land, its exuberant forests and its marine reserves, there is no doubt that El Hierro gives off a special energy. Its rugged coastline hides an infinity of places to swim that will remain engraved on travellers’ minds, such as the swimming pools at La Caleta and La Maceta or the spectacular Charco Azul and Charco Manso. The latter is reached by travelling along a winding road, surrounded by volcanic landscapes, where nature has capriciously formed caves, arches and small pools that make up an unparalleled view.
7. Caleta de Fuste, Fuerteventura
Arid and desert-like, Fuerteventura has the most beautiful beaches in the Canary Islands – which is saying something – turning it into a true paradise for surfers, but also for those who love hiking and those who enjoy the tranquillity. Amongst the essential places to visit the beach at Cofete stands out, with a never-ending expanse of sand or the Bajo de la Burra beach, known for its rhodoliths, with their curious popcorn shape. To the south of the island there is another of the most spectacular beaches, the Caleta de Fuste, with volcanic rocks that form a natural swimming pool filled with emerald green water.
8. Vineyards La Geria, Lanzarote
The volcanic island of Lanzarote, with its windswept, red-stained lunar landscapes, is packed full of magical corners. One of them is the Protected Natural Park of La Geria, with its impressive, yet curious vineyards, which have little walls of volcanic soil that protect the vines that will nurture the Malvasia grapes. It houses around twenty wineries, some of them with centuries of activity behind them. In addition to guided visits, they offer wine tourism proposals such as pairings, wine tastings or even hiking amongst volcanoes and vineyards.
9. Dolphin and whale watching
All year long, many species of dolphins and whales may be easily seen around the Canary Islands, as it is one of the best destinations on the continent for this. There are innumerable companies that offer trips to see these animals; with a wide range of prices and services. The season for watching the large migratory whales runs from November to April.
10. Canary Island gastronomy
Each of the islands has its own particular gastronomic delights, but there are some dishes that we will find on all of them. ‘Gofio’, a variety of flour made from hand-roasted corn or millet; and the ‘papas arrugadas con mojo picón’ (wrinkled potatoes with spicy pepper sauce), which are eaten as a starter and also as a garnish for meat and fish, are two of the proposals that are present on all the restaurant menus on the islands.
The centenary legacy of the TOUR DE FRANCE
The 112th edition has its sights on the rivalry between Tadej Pogacar y Jonas Vingegaard, who have won three and four of the French competitions respectively.
By Laura Martos
On the 19th of July, 1903 a 32-year old man, with Italian background, but holding French nationality arrived in Paris on his bicycle, to cross the finish line of the Tour de France for the first time. His name was Maurice Garin (18711957) and at that point he had been pedalling for nineteen days alongside another 60 cyclists. This trial- virtually a survival trial, proposed by the daily sporting newspaper L’Auto (now L’Equipe) to obtain more readers and be able to compete with the reference daily sports newspaper at the time, Le Vélo, has become, over one hundred years on, one of the most important sports competitions in the world.
An endurance race
The Tour de France currently has accumulated 112 editions with a simple premise: a bicycle race that covers 3,340 kilometres of French countryside, seeking out a balance between cultural landscape and high mountains. Although the ‘Grand Départ’ also started off in Paris in the beginning, the French capital city is now only the finishing line of the race and the race now starts in many different nearby regions and countries, such as London, Brussels, Copenhagen or the Basque Country.
The winner is crowned after accumulating the lowest times for each of the stages in the classification (the leader of each race stands out due to the ‘maillot jaune’ or yellow jersey that they wear instead of their team’s colours), although the race is not set forth on the road as an individual competition, but rather a strategic game in which specific targets are pursued. Therefore, while there are cyclists who look for a high score in the general classification, there are others who compete to win some of the most prestigious stages.
The fight against doping
“We are not heroes due to our physical strength, but for the capacity that we have to bear the side effects of these stimulants,” Henri Pélissier (winner of the 1923 Tour) stated in his book Mes Courses, where he openly revealed the use of drugs during the competition to fight against the pain and extreme fatigue. At that time, cocaine, ether, alcohol and morphine were commonly used amongst the cyclists.
This situation would change from the 1960s onwards, when the Tour strengthened all the controls after the death of Tom Simpson, and would conclude in the 2000s with the introduction of a biological passport. In spite of the fact that modern cycling fosters transparency and an active fight against fraud, the most obvious case of doping in this extreme competition was that of Lance Armstrong, the winner of the Tour 7 times running (1999-2005). Considered as a sporting hero for years (he won the Tour after beating testicular cancer), he was stripped of all his titles in 2012 when the US Anti-doping Agency (USADA) published an exhaustive report that proved that the cyclist had directed a sophisticated massive doping system in his teams.
Traditionally, 22 teams compete, with 8 cyclists in each of them, making up a total of 176 participants. This year, however, the UCI authorised a twenty-third place, making a total of 184 competitors. The race has historically been dominated by Europeans, particularly French and Belgians. Spain and Italy have been the regions that make up most “invasions” in the race, both with very well-known names on the podium and winners of the other two most important cycling competitions (the Spanish Vuelta and the Italian Giro).
2025: A decisive year
This year’s route will visit 11 French regions, including stages in the Pyrenees, the Alps and the French Massif Central, with five finishing lines at the peaks: Hautacam, Luchon-Superbagnéres (where the mythical Col du Tourmalet may be found), Mont Ventoux, Courchevel (considered the most important stage, which will end in Le Col de la Loze) and La Plagne. Additionally, for the first time since 2020, the route will take place entirely within the French borders. The starting point will be in Lille and the finish in Montmartre, with a route of 21 stages that include 2 days of rest in Toulouse and Montpellier. The race will also have two individual time trial stages – a route category in which each cyclist rides alone without any companions, therefore without being able to ride in another rider’s slipstream, aimed at covering a specific distance in the shortest time possible – 33 kilometre in Caen, during Stage 5 and another 11 kilometre trial in the mountains in Peyragudes during Stage 13.
The epic battle predicted between the two current leaders – Tadej Pogacar, of the UAE Team Emirates-XRG and Jonas Vingegaard, of the Visma-Lease a Bike team, are turning this competition into a modern milestone, which could end with a possible fourth victory by Pogacar, bringing him very close to reaching the historic podium where Anquetil or Merckx made their mark. Additionally in 2025, the Tour de France Femmes will be held for the third time, which will cover 1,000 kilometres in 9 different stages between Brittany and the Alps; an event that raises the category of the women’s cycling competition once and for all.
The four great cyclist of history
Jacques Anquetil (France)
5 victories (1957, 1961, 1962, 1964)
He started out as a promising amateur cyclist and won a bronze medal at the 1952 Olympic Games in the team time trial, a category in which he stood out throughout his career. He was the first cyclist to win five Tours de France, the first when he was only 23 years old. In his last victory, in 1964, he experienced a legendary duel with the Frenchman Raymond Poulidor, who he beat by just 55 seconds.
Eddy ‘el Caníbal’ Merckx (Belgium)
5 victories (1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1974)
Considered to be the best cyclist in history, Édouard Louis Joseph Merckx stood out as a cyclist from the moment he started competing, at the age of 16 years. With a much more aggressive style, he quickly equalled Anquetil’s score, but with a much greater dominion in both the mountains and the time trial, with a record of 111 days wearing the yellow jersey. He holds the record of stage victories, having reached a tie with the British cyclist Mark Cavendish (both have crossed the finish line at the head on 34 occasions) and he has 525 victories as a professional under his belt, a figure that no other cyclist has reached.
Bernard Hinault (France)
5 victories (1978, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1985)
He won his first Tour de France at the age of 23 years, overtaking the Dutchman, Joop Zoetemelk (five-time runner-up), one of the most prominent figures of the time. Although he did not have complete dominion over the competition and he coincided with other outstanding cyclists such as Zoetemelk, Laurent Fignon, Greg LeMond or Lucien Van Impe in the different types of stage during the race, he managed to equal the number of victories and become one of the great figures of the ‘Grande Boucle’.
Miguel Indurain (Spain)
5 consecutive victories (1991-1995)
The cyclist from Navarra, Miguel Indurain marked a historical milestone by becoming the first rider to win the Tour de France five times running, with a complete dominion in the time trial. In 1990 he won his first stage in the Tour and one year later he overtook the Italians Claudio Chiappucci and Gianni Bugno, both great competitors of the Tour. He won 7 stages and managed to wear the yellow jersey for 60 days (the third longest time recorded in history).
Did you know that….?
‘Cordyceps’, the famous fungus from ‘The Last of Us’ really exists
In the universe of The Last of Us, a series that has captivated millions on the television and in the video games, civilisation collapses - not due to a virus or a war, but due to a fungus: the Cordyceps. This premise, halfway between science and horror, sets forth a worrying question: could a fungus turn humans into zombies?
Although to begin with it seems like fiction, the script is based on a real biological phenomenon. Cordyceps exists and it is a fungus that infects insects such as ants and beetles, modifying their functions in such a precise way that it seems like science fiction: they enter the insect’s body, they free chemical compounds that alter the insect’s behaviour (for example, they can increase the height of ants), they kill the host and make a reproductive structure grow inside it.
However, in spite of the fact that from a scientific perspective it is
true that any organism can mutate, there are several biological barriers that are difficult to overcome for this to be able to happen in a human body. Mainly, the human immunological system is much more complicated than that of insects; the human body temperature, in fact, is already lethal for many fungi which cannot survive at 37ºC, nor can they grow correctly above 32ºC.
For all these reasons, although the fictitious story of The Last of Us set forth a strain of Cordyceps that evolves due to climate change to be able to stand higher temperatures, there is no evidence that this is occurring or that it would be enough to infect humans. Even so, there are other fungi that pose a danger at present due to their repercussions on the organism, such as the case of Candida auris, Cryptococcus neoformans or Aspergillus fumigates, species that particularly attack the respiratory tract and that can be lethal and could spread due to climate change.
Books
Half a century reading Mendoza
Eduardo Mendoza has been awarded the Princess of Asturias Prize for Literature 2025, the same year that marks 50 years from the publication of La Verdad Sobre el Caso Savolta, (The Truth About the Savolta Case), a classic that tells the story of the investigation into the murder of a businessman in a turbulent Barcelona at the beginning of the 20th century.
Sara Mesa submerges us in the mind of a young girl who has made studying the centre of her existence. Trapped in a rigid, solitary routine, she sees how her life is getting narrower with the constant pressure of hand-in deadlines, results and the possibility of reaching a promised stability.
Oposición. Sara Mesa. Anagrama
The return of Lisbeth Salander
While trying to protect a young girl threatened by a sexual exploitation network, Lisbeth Salander becomes involved in a plot of power, violence and secrets linked to the upper echelons. Lokattens klor (The Girl with Ice in her Veins) is the eighth instalment of the Millennium saga and the second one written by Karin Smirnoff.
TheGirlwithIceinherVeins. Karin Smirnoff. Knopf
The true American dream
Noam Chomsky analyses how the idea of the United States as the ultimate champion of democracy has been used to cover up a long history of interventions, manipulation and domination. Through historical examples and a cutting critique, Chomsky delves into the foreign policy followed by the cradle of capitalism.