Norwegian on the Web 1 Textbook, 2. utgave (9788245038859)

TEXTBOOK Norwegian on the Web 1

2. UTGAVE

Åsta Øvregaard, Sissel Robbins, Hege K.S. Langfjæran, Birte Hillestad, Olaf Husby

Norwegian on the Web 1

TEXTBOOK

Åsta Øvregaard, Sissel Robbins, Hege K.S. Langfjæran, Birte Hillestad, Olaf Husby 2.UTGAVE

Copyright © 2023 by

Vigmostad & Bjørke AS

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1. utgave 2012

2. utgave 2023 / 1. opplag 2023

ISBN: 978-82-450-3885-9

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Norwegian on the Web 1 (NoW1)

What kind of course?

NoW1 is an online self-study course in Norwegian at entry level, where all the teaching aids are integrated on a website, free of charge. NoW1 is developed at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, by experienced teachers.

For whom?

NoW1 is open to all who want to learn Norwegian. The content is also specially designed for learners who study or work at NTNU. The latter can get a wider range of services with classroom instruction. As a student or employee at NTNU, you can apply for admission to the classroom courses and access to exams.

Read more on https://www.ntnu edu/norwegiancourse

You will find Norwegian on the Web 1 at https://www.ntnu.edu/now/info/guide

What will you learn?

The chapters 1–6 lead to knowledge equivalent to level A1/A2 of the Common European

Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (CEFR). The chapters 7–10 lead to skills at level A2/B1.

Norwegian on the Web 1 (NoW1) focuses on basic grammatical rules of inflection

and word order such as verb tenses, gender and number of nouns, the pronoun system

and the word order in main and subordinate clauses.

In addition, NoW1 focuses on the use of familiar everyday expressions and basic

vocabulary. The learners should for example be able to introduce themselves and others.

They should also be able to ask and reply to questions about everyday life and personal details such as where they live, family and friends and spare time, using different tenses.

The learners are supposed to be able to interact in a simple way, provided people talk slowly and clearly and are prepared to help.

What is the content of NoW1?

NoW1 consists of texts with audio recordings and vocabulary lists, grammar and various types of exercises related to the texts, pronunciation training and some extra material

The textbook contains the main parts of the online course. In addition, a workbook has been developed (Norwegian on the Web 1 Workbook), mainly for classroom use.

The exercises in this book are not the same as those online.

The 2nd edition is adapted to the situation at NTNU today, where a large part of the learners come from non-European countries. In addition, we have integrated NTNU’s campuses in Gjøvik and Ålesund in the new texts and exercises.

TEXTS

(TEXTBOOK/ONLINE)

The texts follow some foreign students and employees at NTNU who travel to Norway, establish themselves there and start studying or working at the university. Each chapter is supplemented with the following sections:

GRAMMAR (TEXTBOOK/ONLINE)

Each chapter deals with specific grammatical subjects, but in a simple notion that does not require any advanced knowledge of grammar. There are also several grammar videos online in addition to a larger overall presentation of the Norwegian grammar in second language perspective.

PRONUNCIATION (TEXTBOOK/ONLINE)

This section contains brief descriptions of the focused topics related to the pronunciation of Norwegian. It also addresses the relationship between written and spoken Norwegian. A more detailed presentation is given in the larger overall presentation of the Norwegian grammar.

LISTENING EXERCISES (ONLINE)

Here you will find exercises related to listening and pronunciation.

EXERCISES (ONLINE)

Here you will find interactive, self-correcting exercises

VOCABULARY (TEXTBOOK/ONLINE)

This section provides information on systematic vocabulary : inflected forms, pronunciation and translation of the words. The course has lists of different levels: the individual text (textbook/online), each chapter (online) and for the whole course together (online).

EXTRAS (TEXTBOOK/ONLINE)

In this section there is supplementary material such as more grammar, vocabulary lists, short texts and videos

MORE MATERIAL (ONLINE)

On the NoW1 page you can also find e.g. a user’s manual (see Info – Guide) and various background material. Under Info – Downloads the user finds most of the course material in the form of PDF files that can be downloaded and printed.

We would like to thank our colleagues at NTNU, Anne Dahl, Heidi Borghild Helgå and Lena Hveding for all their support, feedback and useful comments throughout the work with the second edition of this book.

PROJECT MEMBERS (SECOND EDITION)

Åsta Øvregaard, Sissel Robbins, Hege K.S Langfjæran, Birte Hillestad, Olaf Husby and Dominique Heyler.

Spoken Norwegian

WHICH FORM OF NORWEGIAN ARE YOU GOING TO LEARN?

As there is no spoken standard Norwegian, the second language learner may experience quite big differences between spoken forms of Norwegian (dialects) when it comes to the vocabulary, intonation and speech sound inventory. In addition, there are two written forms, Bokmål and Nynorsk.

In this course you will study Bokmål. Within Bokmål there are optional forms. In this course we have chosen forms that are closer to the Trondheim and Oslo dialect

There are different speech sound inventories for the different dialects. In this course we will be using the sound system of Central Eastern Norwegian as a reference. Central Eastern Norwegian is a general label for dialects found in areas around Oslo. As teachers come from different parts of Norway, they will be using the regional intonation patterns when speaking Norwegian. Spoken Bokmål based on Central Eastern Norwegian sound system with regional intonation patterns is commonly used in introductory courses in Norwegian for adults For short we will label this form of Norwegian as “spoken Bokmål” Norwegians in general speak a dialect. Some dialects are closer to spoken Bokmål than others. As Norwegians in general hesitate to convert to “spoken Bokmål” in communication with foreigners, beginners may experience difficulties in understanding the Norwegians who maintain speaking with dialect forms instead of converting to spoken Bokmål.

Chapter 1

Going to Trondheim

What to learn

• introducing oneself

• making simple statements and questions

• making simple negative statements

• numbers

Main grammar

• personal pronouns

• present tense of the verb

• word order

Anna Valente

Peter Maier

Ken Robbins

Maria Gomez

1 Ken

Fra Oslo med tog

Ken Robbins kommer fra England. Han bor i London. Ken er 23 år gammel. Han reiser med tog fra Oslo til Trondheim. Ken snakker med ei dame. Hun kommer fra Norge.

Monika: Jeg heter Monika. Hva heter du?

Ken: Jeg heter Ken.

Monika: Hvor kommer du fra?

Ken: Jeg kommer fra England Og du?

Monika: Jeg kommer fra Oslo, men jeg bor i Trondheim.

Ken: Har du familie i Trondheim?

Monika: Ja, jeg er gift, og jeg har ei jente.

Ken: Hva heter hun?

Monika: Hun heter Emma. Hun er seks år.

VOCABULARY

å bo to live ja yes ei dame a lady jeg I du you (singular) ei jente a girl ei a, an, one åkomme to come er (å være) is, are, am (to be) med with en familie a family men but fra from Norge Norway gammel old og and gift married åreise to travel han he seks six

åha to have åsnakke to speak/talk heter am, are, is called til to hun she ettog a train hva what åvære to be hvor where etår a year i in

1 Anna Fra Roma med fly

Anna Valente kommer fra Italia. Hun bor i Roma. Anna er 22 år gammel. Hun reiser med fly fra Roma til Trondheim. Lars er norsk. Han reiser også med fly fra Roma.

Lars: Hvor kommer du fra?

Anna: Jeg kommer fra Italia. Er du norsk?

Lars: Ja, jeg kommer fra Trondheim. Hva gjør du i Norge?

Anna: Jeg er student Jeg studerer på NTNU Og du?

Lars: Jeg jobber på NTNU.

Anna: Hva jobber du med?

Lars: Jeg er professor i antropologi. Hva studerer du?

Anna: Jeg studerer arkitektur

Lars: Du er flink i norsk! Jeg snakker ikke italiensk, men jeg snakker litt spansk. Jeg snakker også engelsk. Snakker du engelsk?

Anna: Ja, jeg snakker italiensk, engelsk og litt norsk.

VOCABULARY

en antropologi an anthropology litt a little

en arkitektur an architecture norsk Norwegian

engelsk English også too, also

flink good, clever en professor a professor

etfly a plane på on, at

ågjøre to do Roma Rome

ikke not spansk Spanish

Italia Italy en student a student

italiensk Italian åstudere to study

åjobbe to work

1 Maria

Fra Bergen med båt

Maria Gomez kommer fra Spania. Hun bor i Barcelona. Maria er 19 år gammel. Hun

reiser med båt fra B ergen til Trondheim. Den heter Polarlys. Lisa er også på Polarlys.

Hun er turist.

Maria: Unnskyld, snakker du norsk?

Lisa: Ja, litt.

Maria: Er det ledig her?

Lisa: Ja, vær så god!

Maria: Hvor er vi nå?

Lisa: Vi kommer snart til Ålesund.

Maria: Hvor kommer du fra?

Lisa: Fra Minneapolis i USA. Jeg har familie i Norge. Er du fra Norge?

Maria: Nei, jeg er ikke norsk, jeg er spansk. Jeg studerer norsk. Jeg heter Maria.

Lisa: Jeg heter Lisa. Hyggelig å hilse på deg!

Maria møter Lisa neste dag.

Maria: God morgen!

Lisa: Hallo! Hvordan går det?

Maria: Takk, bare bra! Og hvordan går det med deg?

Lisa: Det går bra! Er vi snart i Trondheim?

Maria: Ja, Trondheim er neste by

Lisa: Ok! Vi ses kanskje seinere? Ha det!

Maria: Ha det bra!

VOCABULARY

bare just, only kanskje perhaps, maybe

bare bra! just fine! ledig vacant

bra fine, good, well en morgen a morning

enby a city åmøte to meet

enbåt a boat nei no

en dag a day neste next deg you (singular) nå now den (masc., fem.) it ok okay, all right det (neut ) it seinere later

det går bra! I’m fine! åses to see one another

god good snart soon

ha det bra! goodbye! Spania Spain

ha det! bye! så so

hallo hello takk thank you

her here en turist a tourist

åhilse to greet unnskyld excuse me

hvordan how vi we

hyggelig nice, pleasant vær så god! you’re welcome!

hyggelig å hilse på deg! nice to meet you!please! here you are!

1 Peter

Fra Hamburg med bil

Peter Maier kommer fra Tyskland. Han bor i Hamburg og er 25 år. Han reiser til

Trondheim med bil. Peter reiser sammen med Frank. Frank er også tysk. De stopper på en bensinstasjon.

Peter : Unnskyld, hvor langt er det til Trondheim?

Ekspeditør : Det er 300 kilometer. Hvor kommer dere fra?

Peter : Vi kommer fra Tyskland

Ekspeditør : Er dere turister?

Peter : Nei, vi er studenter.

Ekspeditør : Velkommen til Norge!

Peter : Takk! Har du et kart over Norge?

Ekspeditør : Ja, der borte.

Peter : Hva koster det?

Ekspeditør : Det koster 69 kroner.

Peter : Jeg tar også en brus og ei avis.

Ekspeditør : Det blir 99 kroner.

Peter : Her er 100.

Ekspeditør : Vær så god, her er ei krone tilbake

Peter : Tusen takk.

Ekspeditør : God tur til Trondheim!

VOCABULARY

ei avis a newspaper

enbensinstasjon a petrol station

en kilometer a kilometre

åkoste to cost

enbil a car ei krone a Norwegian krone

å bli to become

enbrus a (bottle of) soda

(NOK), a crown

langt far

over of, over de they

sammen together der there

åstoppe to stop der borte over there

åta to take dere you (plural)

en ekspeditør a clerk

tilbake back

en tur a trip en a, an, one

tusen thousand et a, an, one

tysk German god tur! have a nice trip!

Tyskland Germany hvor langt how far

velkommen welcome etkart a map

1 GRAMMAR

PRONOUNS Personal pronouns – subject form

jeg I du you (singular)

han* he

hun* she

det/den it

vi we dere you (plural) de they

*In addition to han and hun, the gender neutral pronoun hen is also used.

VERBS

Verbs in the present tense

You add -r to the infinitive to form the present tense:

InfinitivePresenttense

å komme to come  kommer

å reise to travel  reiser

It does not matter who is carrying out the verb. You add -r to the infinitive form of the verb after all pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, you and they :

Jeg kommer fra England.

I come from England.

Anna kommer fra Italia.

Anna comes from Italy

Vi kommer fra Norge.

We come from Norway.

Note that some verbs have irregular present tense forms:

å være to be  er

å gjøre to do  gjør

NOUNS

Norwegian nouns have three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter. The indefinite

articles are en (masculine), ei (feminine) and et (neuter) The corresponding indefinite articles in English are a/an.

Masculine: en brus a soda

Feminine: ei jente* a girl

Neuter : et kart a map

* Feminine nouns can have the article en instead of ei: ei/en jente

Leaving out “en/ei/et”

When stating certain situations, you can leave out en/ei/et:

Ken reiser med tog.

Ken travels by train.

The same applies e.g. for occupations:

Jeg er student.

I am a student

CONJUNCTIONS

The conjunctions og (and) and men (but) link words, phrases and sentences together.

Jeg heter Anna, og jeg kommer fra Italia.

My name is Anna, and I come from Italy.

Jeg snakker italiensk og engelsk, men jeg snakker ikke tysk

I speak Italian and English, but I do not speak German.

Jeg snakker italiensk og engelsk, men ikke tysk.

I speak Italian and English, but not German.

QUESTION WORDS

The most common question words are:

hva what Hva heter du? What is your name?

hvem who Hvem er det? Who is it?

hvor where Hvor bor du? Where do you live?

hvor + adjective how Hvorgammel er du? How old are you?

hvordan how Hvordan går det? How are you?

hvorfor why Hvorfor er Lisa i Norge? Why is Lisa in Norway?

når when Når kommer du? When are you coming?

WORD ORDER

Main clauses (sentences)

In a main clause the verb is the second element:

Jeg snakker norsk.

I speak Norwegian.

Negation

In a narrative clause with the negation ikke (not), which is an adverb, the negation usually comes after the verb:

Jeg snakker ikke spansk.

I do not speak Spanish.

Other adverbs like også (also/too) come after the verb as well:

Jeg snakker også spansk

I also speak Spanish.

Questions

In questions with question words, the verb is also the second element:

Hva heter du?

What is your name?

Hvor kommer du fra?

Where do you come from?

In questions without a question word, the sentence starts with the verb:

Snakker du norsk?

Do you speak Norwegian?

1 PRONUNCIATION

THE NORWEGIAN ALPHABET

The Norwegian alphabet contains 29 letters – 9 vowels and 20 consonants:

ABCDEFGHI JKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZÆØÅ

Below you will find each letter in upper and lower case as well as the Norwegian pronunciation of the letter. The pronunciation is given with reference to The International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA A colon after a vowel indicates a long speech sound Absence of colon after the vowel indicates a short speech sound.

The slashes below, / /, surround symbols that indicate speech sounds. Brackets, < >, surround letters ABCDEFGHIJ

//ef//geː//hoː//iː//jeː/

KLMNOPQRST klmnopqrst /koː//el//em//en//uː//peː//kʉː//ær//es//teː/

UVWXYZÆØÅ uvwxyzæøå /ʉː//veː//2dobelt ˌ veː//eks//yː//set//æː//øː//oː/

The three last letters, the vowels < Æ æ, Ø ø, Å å > are rare among languages that are using the Latin alphabet. Users of foreign keyboards can replace each of them with a combination of two vowel letters:

< æ >- < ae >“sær”  “saer” weird

< ø >- < oe >“sør”  “soer” south

< å >- < aa >“sår”  “saar” wound, sore

The letters < c, q, w, x, z > generally only occur in loanwords (camping, quiz, watt, xylofon, pizza).

The Norwegian and English letters compared

B elow is a short overview comparing the pronunciation of the Norwegian alphabet with the English

The overlap between English and Norwegian speech sounds is smaller than what the list below seems to indicate as the list only refers to the letters. There are several consonant sounds that are expressed through consonant clusters (consequently they are not included in the alphabet, but they will be discussed in Chapter 5). The alphabet by itself does not express the difference between long and short vowels.

a Like < a > in “hard”

b Like < b > in “buy”

c B efore front vowels < i, e, y > cf. /s/ in “circus” B efore back vowels < a, o, u > cf. /k/ in “camping”

d Like < d > in “dog”

e Like < e > in “bed”

f Like < f > in “fine”

g Like < g > in “girl”

h Like < h > in “hat”

i Like < ee > in “see”

j Like < y > in “yes”

k Like < k > in “kite”

l Like < l > in “live”

m Like < m > in “map”

n Like < n > in “now”

o No equivalent

p Like < p > in “pen ”

q In Norwegian, <q> is pronounced like < k > – /k/. The sequence < qu > is pronounced like /kv/, cf. “quiz”.

r Like Scottish “r”. The tip of the tongue taps the alveolar ridge.

s Like < s > in “see”

t Like < t > in “tea”

u Approximately as the final vowel in “new”

v Like < v > in “violin”

w Like < v > in “violin”

x Like < x > – /ks/ in “tax”

y No equivalent

z Pronounced as /s/, cf. “zoom” – /su:m/

æ Like < a > in “bad”

ø No equivalent

å Like < aw > in “saw”

1 EXTRAS

NUMERALS

0null

1 én/éi/ett*

30 tretti (tredve)

2 to40 førti

3 tre 50 femti

4 fire 60 seksti

5 fem 70 sytti

6 seks80 åtti

7 sju (syv)90nitti

8åtte 100 (ett) hundre

9 ni101 hundre og en

10 ti200 to hundre

11 elleve 300 tre hundre

12 tolv 400 fire hundre

13 tretten500 fem hundre

14 fjorten600 seks hundre

15 femten700 sju hundre

16 seksten

17 sytten

800 åtte hundre

900ni hundre

18atten1000 (ett) tusen

19 nitten10 000 ti tusen

20 tjue (tyve)

27 tjuesju

28tjueåtte

29tjueni

* It is common to drop the accent in én and éi

if it is clear that we mean one and not a/an.

Norwegian on the Web 1 TEXTBOOK

What is NoW1?

NoW1 is an online course in Norwegian at entry level, where all the teaching aids are integrated on a website, free of charge. This book contains the main parts of the web course; texts, word lists, grammar and pronunciation.

For whom?

NoW1 is open to anyone who wants to learn Norwegian. The course is also specially designed for foreign learners studying or working at NTNU (Norwegian University of Science and Technology). Read more on http://www.ntnu.edu/norwegiancourse.

Where?

You will find Norwegian on the Web 1 at http://www.ntnu.edu/now/intro.

What will you learn?

The chapters 1–6 lead to knowledge equivalent to level A1/A2 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (CEFR). The chapters 7–10 lead to skills at CEFR level A2/B1.

The authors

NoW1 is developed by experienced teachers at Department of Language and Literature, NTNU.

Åsta Øvregaard, born 1958, is a retired associate professor. She taught Norwegian for foreigners for many years. Øvregaard has been working on issues related to pronunciation, teaching on the web, dialects and second language learning.

Sissel Robbins, born 1969, is assistant professor. She has been teaching Norwegian for foreigners since 1992. Robbins has been working on issues related to dialects and second language learning.

Hege K.S. Langfjæran, born 1976, is assistant professor. She has taught Norwegian and German at various universities abroad, and has helped develop the learning tools LearnNoW 2 – helsenorsk and NoW2 Workbook. Her areas of interest are mainly didactics and contrastive grammar.

Birte Hillestad, born 1978, is a former assistant professor who taught Norwegian for foreigners for many years. Hillestad’s main interests is pronunciation in a second language perspective.

Olaf Husby, born 1951, is a retired associate professor. He used to teach Norwegian for foreigners and second language learning issues at BA/MA courses in applied linguistics. Husby has published several contrastive grammars, and books and articles related to pronunciation and pronunciation teaching in a second language perspective.