BM
• Spennende temaer
• Virkelige møter med mennesker i den engelsktalende verden
Halvor Heger Nina Wroldsen
Dette er Crossroads:
• Leseglede og fengende tekster • Avvæpnende grammatikk • Lyd tatt på alvor
Crossroads er et læreverk i engelsk for 8.–10. trinn med følgende komponenter: Elevbok A og B, lydmateriell (CD-er), lærerveiledning og nettressurs. Elevbok A finnes også i digital og lettlest utgave. Crossroads er utviklet etter Læreplanverket for Kunnskapsløftet 2006 og etter justert fagplan i engelsk 2013. Møt menneskene, opplev kulturen og lær språket!
Crossroads
• Et mylder av oppgaver
10|B www.fagbokforlaget.no ISBN 978-82-11-01603-4
,!7II2B1-abgade!
Halvor Heger Nina Wroldsen
Crossroads 10|B Engelsk for ungdomstrinnet
Halvor Heger Nina Wroldsen
Crossroads 10|B Engelsk for ungdomstrinnet Elevbok • Bokmül
Copyright © 2008 by Fagbokforlaget Vigmostad & Bjørke AS All rights reserved 2. utgave / 1. opplag 2014 ISBN 978-82-11-01603-4 Grafisk produksjon: John Grieg AS, Bergen Grafisk design: Sandvik Design Tegninger: Breakfast Design/Jens Grönberg Foto og andre illustrasjoner: Se side 202. Omslagsfoto: © R. Ian Lloyd / Masterfile / Scanpix (øverst), © Nigel Noyes / Photographer’s Choice / Getty Images (nederst) Omslagsdesign: Sandvik Design Crossroads 10B er utviklet etter Læreplanverket for Kunnskapsløftet 2006 og etter justert fagplan i engelsk 2013. Forfatterene har mottatt støtte fra Det faglitterære fond. Spørsmål om denne boka kan rettes til: Fagbokforlaget Kanalveien 51 5068 Bergen Tlf.: 55 38 88 00 Faks: 55 38 88 01 E-post: fagbokforlaget@fagbokforlaget.no www.fagbokforlaget.no Materialet er vernet etter åndsverkloven. Uten uttrykkelig samtykke er eksemplarfremstilling bare tillatt når det er hjemlet i lov eller avtale med Kopinor.
Contents
Enjoy Reading 7 Prose 8
Setting 8 Character 8 Plot 8 Theme 9 Narrator 9 Point of view 9 Metaphor 10 Turning point 10
Reading Poetry 11
Rhyming poems 11 Poems without rhyme 12 Rhythm 13 Rhythm in poetry 13 Limericks 14 Some useful terms 15 Reading a poem 16 Writing a poem 16
Poetry 17
A Sick 17 B Birds of the Same Feather Flock Together 18 C Thousands of Feet Below You 20
Short Stories 21 A B C D E F G
The Purse is Mine 21 The Statement 25 Am I Blue? 28 Genesis and Catastrophe 38 Hills Like White Elephants 46 What Does it Feel Like? 52 Consciously Aware 64
Extracts from Novels 66
A About a Boy 66 B The Fellowship of the Ring – A Knife in the Dark 72 C Down Under 75
News 83
A MEANWHILE: A mix of Hindi, English and 350 Million Speakers 83 B Inside the Mind of an Iraqi Suicide Bomber 85
Cartoons 94 Pondus 94
Word Quest 96
Grammatikk 109 Språklæringsstrategier 110 Å skrive en tekst 112 Fiksjon 115 Argumenterende tekster 115 Innhenting og bruk av informasjon 117 Etter skrivingen 118 Prosessorientert skriving 118 Å snakke engelsk 118 Å lese engelsk 120 Formelt og uformelt språk 121 Ordbok 124 Fonetikk og intonasjon 127
Substantiv – Nouns 130 Flertall 131 Utellelige substantiv 133 Uttale 134 Eieform (genitiv) 134
Pronomen – Pronouns 136 Personlige pronomen 136 Refleksive pronomen 137 It is, There is, There are 138
Spørsmål – Questions 140
Ved hjelp av spørrepronomen 140 Ved hjelp av be og have 140 Ved hjelp av hjelpeverbet do 140
Adjektiv – Adjectives 141
Gradbøyning av adjektiv 141 Adjektiv med to stavelser 142 Uregelrett gradbøyning 142 Nasjonalitetsord 144
Verb – Verbs 145
Hovedverb 145 Regelrette og uregelrette verb 146 Hjelpeverb 147 Slik bruker vi hjelpeverbene 149 Samtidsformer 150 Halespørsmål 152 Aktiv og passiv 153 Infinitiv og ing-formen 154 Modale hjelpeverb 154 Å uttrykke framtid 156 Presens og presens samtidsform 156 Samsvar mellom subjekt og verbal 157 Uregelrette verb 160
Adverb – Adverbs 165
Adverb som er dannet av adjektiv 165 Sammenlikn adjektivet og adverbet 166 Andre adverb 166 Adverb og adverbial 167 Gradbøyning 167 Uregelrett gradbøyning 168
Konjunksjoner – Conjunctions 169
Å binde en tekst sammen 183 Å argumentere 186 Noen skriveregler 187 Å stave engelsk 188
Homofoner 188 Britisk og amerikansk engelsk 188
Subjunksjoner – Subordinating conjunctions 169
Målenheter og matematikk 189
Determinativer – Determiners 172
Answer Key 193
Any, some og andre tilsvarende ord 174
Wordlist 201
Tallord – Numerals 176
Photos and Illustrations 202
Eiendomsord – Possessives 177
Acknowledgements 203
Pekeord – Demonstratives 178 Preposisjoner – Prepositions 179
Noen vanlige tidspreposisjoner 179 Andre vanlige tidspreposisjoner 180 Stedspreposisjoner 181 Andre vanlige stedspreposisjoner 182
“I find television very educating. Every time somebody turns on the set, I go into the other room and read a book.” Groucho Marx
Enjoy Reading “I believe that today more than ever a book should be sought after even if it has only one great page in it. We must search for fragments, splinters, toenails, anything that has ore in it, anything that is capable of resuscitating the body and the soul.” Henry Miller
Dear student! You will need some standard words and expressions to be able to discuss and write well about works of fiction. If you have not learnt any such vocabulary yet, we suggest you spend some time studying the next few pages before you start reading the poems and stories in Crossroads 10B. This will make it easier for you to do the literary tasks.
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Prose Crossroads 10B 8
Setting remote (adj.) – fjern galaxy (s) – galakse upper-class (adj.) – overklasse undergo (v) – gjennomgå in the course of – under, i løpet av unaffected by – uberørt av recovery (s) – bedring struggle (s) – kamp brutality (s) – brutalitet, råskap agony (s) – pine, smerte religious faith – religiøs tro
The setting means the time and the place described in the story. • W here does the story take place? In India? In a big city? In a remote galaxy? • W hen does the story take place? In medieval times? In the year 3080? During World War II? • In what kind of environment does the action take place? An upper-class environment? A criminal environment? A hospital environment? Sometimes the story may be set in several times and places. This is more common in novels than in short stories.
Enjoy Reading
Character A character is a person in a novel or a short story. All stories have at least one character. Sometimes there are a number of characters, but most often there are one or two main characters. When you are asked to describe a character, you should provide as many details as possible: their personality, age, sex, if they are rich or poor, black or white, Hindu or Buddhist, etc. Very often characters undergo a change in the course of the story. This is what makes us believe in them. Just as with real human beings, the way they change shows us that nobody can live their lives unaffected by what happens to them.
Plot The plot is what happens in the story, what the story is about. For example: • A talented young cricket player is paralysed after a car accident and the doctors give him little hope of full recovery. This is the beginning of a long struggle. Eventually he reaches his goal, which is to play for his old team one more time. • A young doctor is sent to a war on the other side of the globe. When she comes back, she finds life exceedingly difficult. Memories of the brutality and agony she witnessed continue to haunt her, and the only thing that helps her cope is her religious faith.
Theme
Narrator The narrator is the one who tells the story. It is not the writer, who is a real person, of course. He or she creates a fictional person or a voice to tell the story. Sometimes the narrator is the main character in the story. Sometimes he or she is a minor character and sometimes the narrator does not take part in the story at all.
When the narrator is part of the story, he or she uses pronouns like “I” and “we”. These stories have a 1st person point of view. They are 1st person narratives. If the narrator is not part of the story, he or she describes what happens to other characters and uses pronouns like “he”, “she”, “it” and “they”. These stories have a 3rd person point of view. They are 3rd person narratives. n a r r a t o r
I
we us
1st person point of view / 1st person narrative. he
she it
narrator
they
3rd person point of view / 3rd person narrative.
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Enjoy Reading
Point of view
the struggle between good and evil – kampen mellom det gode og det onde persistency (s) – utholdenhet fictional (adj.) – oppdiktet voice (s) – stemme minor character (adj.) – birolle
Crossroads 10B
The theme is the subject or topic of the text. It can often be expressed in a short sentence, phrase or word such as: “the struggle between good and evil”, “love and hate”, “liberation”, etc. Try not to mix up plot and theme. The theme of the first plot on the previous page could be “persistency” and the theme of the other “faith”.
Text A Crossroads 10B 10
Enjoy Reading
love at first sight – kjærlighet ved første blikk mesmerize (v) – fengsle, trollbinde break the spell – bryte fortryllelsen metaphor (s) – metafor, språklig bilde comparison (s) – sammenligning communist sympathy – sympatisere med et kommunistisk styresett witch trial (s) – hekseforfølgelse; fengsling og brenning av særlig kvinner på 1500- og 1600-tallet som ble beskyldt for å være hekser turning point (s) – vendepunkt
The first time Jeff saw a Harley Davidson was when he was ten. His uncle had taken him to a football match. Two brand new Electra Glide 1997 models were parked outside the stadium when they came out after the match. It was love at first sight. He stood watching them, mesmerized for a couple of minutes, before uncle Joey managed to break the spell by suggesting they should buy an ice cream. “I’m gonna have one of those one day,” he said before he hesitantly followed his uncle across the street to the ice cream store.
Text B What is music really all about? Some people listen to music because they cannot stand silence, others because it makes them happy. My girlfriend Laura loves silence, however, and is usually happy, but she still needs to listen to music every day. Do you know why? Because she loves dancing. She needs to dance to feel alive. Every day when she comes home from school she puts on some loud music and dances away in front of her bedroom mirror. The first time I saw her was at a school party. It was impossible not to take notice of her; she was the only one on the dance floor …
Metaphor A metaphor is a comparison of two things (see also page 15). Sometimes a writer may write about one thing, but what he or she is really writing about is something else. For example, the government in America in the 1950s feared communism intensely and people who had communist sympathies were persecuted. The writer Arthur Miller wrote a play about this. Instead of writing directly about what was going on, he wrote about American witch trials in the 1600s. He used these stories as metaphors for the persecution of communists in his own time and was able to criticize the authorities without mentioning their fear of communism.
Turning point The turning point of a story is the moment the action of the story reaches its highest point of tension. In “Romeo and Juliet”, for example, one turning point is when Mercutio is killed and Romeo has to revenge him by killing Tybalt (see page 213 in Crossroads 10A).
Is text A a 1st or a 3rd person narrative? Describe the main character(s). What do we know about the setting? Is text B a 1st or a 3rd person narrative? Describe the main character(s). What do we know about the setting?
Reading Poetry
Rhyming poems Do you want an ice cream, honey? (a) Or would you like a drink? (b) I’ll put to bed Michelle and Ronnie (a) They seem to need a wink (b) Thank you love, but I’m worn out (c) I think I’ll go and rest (d) Before again they scream and shout (c) For breakfast from my breast (d) As you can see, there is a rhyme pattern in the poem above. The first and the third line (honey + Ronny) rhyme, the second and the fourth line rhyme (drink + wink), so do the fifth and the seventh (out + shout) and the sixth and the eighth (rest + breast). The rhyme pattern is therefore abab cdcd.
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experienced reader – erfaren, god leser wink (s) – her: høneblund
Enjoy Reading
You are probably an experienced reader and writer of poetry already. Do you remember all about rhythm and rhyme? What about other terms used to describe poetry? Unless you are an absolute expert you should read through the following pages on poetry before you write or read your next poem.
Crossroads 10B
1 2 3 4 5 6
There are all kinds of rhyme patterns. In the poem below it is aabb ccdd:
Crossroads 10B
Last night I saw an animal I’ve never seen before (a) It carried a small hand bag from Versace or Dior (a) And diamonds in a neckless hanging from its furry neck (b) What kind of animal is this, I really had to check (b)
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peek-a-boo – bø!
It looked like a gorilla but it walked like you and me (c) And when it turned around I thought good heavens it can’t be (c) But, yes, it was no primate that had run off from the zoo (d) My daughter Jill took off her mask and shouted peek-a-boo (d)
Poems without rhyme Enjoy Reading
Poems do not have to rhyme. There are many wonderful poems with no rhyme. Fly away she said On wings of thought or use my micro plane if you find it hard to take off
1 Find two or three poems in Crossroads 10B or on the Internet. At least one should rhyme. Write down the rhyme pattern and compare your work with your partner’s. Ask your teacher if you have got it right. 2 Write a poem about fear using the rhyme pattern abab or aa bb. 3 Write a non-rhyming poem about injustice. Jot down some ideas on a sheet of paper first to help you get started.
Rhythm
Examples:
syllable (s) – stavelse fixed rhythm – fast rytme
Crossroads 10B
A syllable is a part of a word. A word consists of one or more syllables. It is how many of the vowels in a word which are pronounced that determines the number of syllables.
• • • • • One syllable: rain, sun, smoke, watch, milk • • • • • • • • Two syllables: dinner, summer, water, never
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• • • • • • • •• Three syllables: exercise, favourite, family
Rhythm in poetry • • • • • • • • • • • • • • When I came home from work one day I could not find my house • • • • • • • • • • • • • • My kids were there and so were Kitty cat and my dear spouse • • • • • • • • • • • • • • They smiled at me and waved before they eagerly just said • • • • • • • • • • • • • • We wanted to surprise you so we painted our house red The poem above rhymes and has a fixed rhythm. All the four lines in this poem have the same number of syllables and therefore have the same rhythm.
1 Read the poem above and count the syllables. How many are there? Discuss with your partner. Recite the poem to each other.
Enjoy Reading
• • • • • • • • • • • • Four syllables: available, information, explanation
A poem consists of a number of lines that make up a stanza or verse. Crossroads 10B
Norwegian: verselinje English: line line
vers stanza/verse
There once was an illusionist Who could conjure up a rat But then one night in smoke and mist There was nothing in the hat The little furry rodent Lizt Had been eaten by the cat
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stanza/verse
Enjoy Reading
Limericks Many poems consist of stanzas with lines that do not have the same number of syllables. Limericks are one example of this: When Susan lies down for a tan (a) She dreams about having a fan (a) She’s terribly vain (b) She goes through the pain (b) And she burns to look good for her man (a) The first and second line have eight syllables, the fifth line has nine syllables, whereas the third and fourth lines have five. We can also see that there is a fixed rhyme scheme in a limerick; aa bb a.
1 Count the syllables in each of the lines of the limerick above out loud together with a partner. 2 Write a limerick together with a classmate or two. Brainstorm some ideas first, then discuss in greater detail what you could write about. Read the finished limerick to the class or to a group.
Some useful terms
Metaphor Metaphors are used in poetry as a way of comparing two things (see page 10). If you write “You are a flower” or “She is all sunshine”, you are using metaphors. You are comparing “you” with “flower” and “she” with “sunshine”.
Simile
Symbol A symbol is something that has an additional meaning. A flag, for instance, represents a nation, a skull symbolizes death, a white dove can illustrate peace and a cross can symbolize Christianity. It is important to remember that different symbols can mean different things to different people.
Denotation and connotation A word’s denotation is its literal meaning – the meaning you can look up in a dictionary. The connotation of a word, however, is an emotion or association the word has. For example, the denotation of the word burka is “a long, loose garment covering the whole body”. For some people the connotation of this word might be “suppression of women”, whereas for others it might have a positive connotation in relation to their culture. Words to describe individuals or groups of people often have both positive and negative connotations and the question of what is considered an acceptable way of referring to a minority group is often a matter of dispute.
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Enjoy Reading
A simile is also a comparison, but it requires the words “like” or “as”. “You are like a flower” is a simile and so is “He is as crazy as a loon”.
poetic device (s) – verktøy for å skrive dikt simile (s) – simile, virkemiddel der man sammenligner noe med noe annet denotation (s) – når et ord viser kun til hva det betyr connotation (s) – når et ord kan vise til en annen betydning av ordet
Crossroads 10B
You already know a lot about rhythm and rhyme. However, to fully appreciate the joys of reading and writing poetry, you need to extend your knowledge of poetic devices. What makes the language of poetry poetic?
Reading a poem Crossroads 10B 16
ambiguous (adj.) – tvetydig, dvs. ordet kan ha flere meninger highbrow (adj.) – intellektuell, dvs. for de med høyere utdanning over-obvious (adj.) – overtydelig
Enjoy Reading
When you read a poem you should ask yourself: • W hat is the poem about? What is the poet trying to express? • Does the poem have a rhyme pattern or a rhythm pattern? • Does the poem appeal to your senses? For example, does it make you almost see, hear or smell things? • Are there any metaphors, similes or symbols in the poem? • Are any of the words ambiguous? If so, what are the possible meanings? • Can the poem be read on a metaphorical level? • Do you like or dislike the poem? Why? • Can you learn anything from the poem? If you try to find answers to these questions while studying a poem, you are in fact analysing it. You will then be on your way to becoming an advanced reader of poetry.
Writing a poem When you write a poem you should consider the following: • Write about things that are important to you. Poetry does not need to be highbrow. A poem can be about anything. Use experiences from your own life. • Poetry is all about communication. You want to take the reader into your universe to show them thoughts, ideas and emotions. Choose your words carefully so that your message comes across. Try also to write poems that trigger the reader’s senses. Poems that visualize things and refer to sounds, smell and taste are often very appealing and interesting to read. Sometimes it is also a good idea to create some ambiguity. The reader should not always be able to grasp instantly what the poem is about. A puzzling poem can be a very interesting read. • R hythm and rhyme can serve a useful function, but they are not always necessary. A good poem is sometimes rather like a painting – an expression of a personal experience. The poet tries to create an image in our minds through some carefully chosen words and an over-obvious rhythm and/or rhyme might take the reader’s attention away from the words.
Poetry Sick Shel Silverstein was an American cartoonist and poet known for his funny, but wise poems for children. Thousands of young readers have learned to appreciate poetry through reading his poems.
My hip hurts when I move my chin, My belly button’s caving in, My back is wrenched, my ankle’s sprained, My ‘pendix pains each time it rains. My nose is cold, my toes are numb. I have a sliver in my thumb. My neck is stiff, my voice is weak, I hardly whisper when I speak. My tongue is filling up my mouth, I think my hair is falling out. My elbow’s bent, my spine ain’t straight, My temperature is one-o-eight. My brain is shrunk, I cannot hear, There is a hole inside my ear. I have a hangnail, and my heart is – what? What’s that? What’s that you say? You say today is … Saturday? G’bye, I’m going out to play!” Shel Silverstein
measles (s) – meslinger mumps (s) – kusma gash (s) – flenge, gapende sår rash (s) – utslett bump (s) – her: hevelse tonsil (s) – mandel, kjertel i halsen
chicken pox (s) – vannkopper gasp (v) – gispe choke (v) – kveles, sette i halsen hip (s) – hofte belly button (s) – navle wrench (v) – rykke løs, slite løs
sprain (v) – forstue ‘pendix (s) (uformelt) – her: blindtarm numb (adj.) – følelsesløs, nummen sliver (s) – flis, splint spine (s) – ryggrad hangnail (s) – løs hudflik ved negleroten
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Enjoy Reading
“I cannot go to school today,” Said little Peggy Ann McKay. “I have the measles and the mumps, A gash, a rash and purple bumps. My mouth is wet, my throat is dry, I’m going blind in my right eye. My tonsils are as big as rocks, I’ve counted sixteen chicken pox And there’s one more – that’s seventeen, And don’t you think my face looks green? My leg is cut – my eyes are blue – It might be instamatic flu. I cough and sneeze and gasp and choke, I’m sure that my left leg is broke –
Crossroads 10B
A
1 How many syllables are there in most lines of this poem? 2 Describe what happens to the rhythm towards the end of the poem. Crossroads 10B
3 Read the poem aloud together with a classmate. Read alternate sentences. 4 Have you ever felt a bit like the narrator in the poem? Talk about it in a group. 5 A number of diseases are mentioned in the poem. a) Jot down the names of all the diseases you have heard of. Compare lists with some classmates. b) Use a dictionary to add a few more diseases to your list. Read their English names and ask your classmates to translate them into Norwegian.
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Enjoy Reading
6 Write a poem about why you haven’t cleaned your room. The first line of your poem is: “I didn’t make my bed today”. Try to make it funny. 7 Make a drawing to illustrate the poem.
B therapist (s) – her: psykolog temple dance (s) – her: dans arrangert i synagoge Jewish (adj.) – her: jødisk
Birds of the Same Feather Flock Together Hal Sirowitz is a poet from New York who has written a number of celebrated collections of poetry. Mother Said, Father Said and My Therapist Said are among the best known. The poem below is from the collection Mother Said.
If I wanted an animal for a son, Mother said, I’d have looked for an animal for a husband, but I didn’t, so don’t disappoint me by turning into a wolf, & chasing after every woman you meet. You should be going only to temple dances, & meeting Jewish women.
Mixed marriages work only if you don’t have any children, but once you have one, you’ll start fighting with your wife about what religion the child should be raised in, & then her parents will start mixing in, & will encourage her to cook you ham, & whatever else you don’t like, for dinner every night, so you’ll stay away. Hal Sirowitz
6 Write down one of the proverbs in task five. Show it to a partner and ask him or her to explain the meaning of it. 7 A You are about to present your boyfriend/girlfriend to your parents. He or she has a different skin colour and a different religion from you. How will your parents react? They can be rather narrow-minded and prejudiced at times. On the other hand, your boyfriend/girlfriend is likeable and charming. Will they accept him/her? B You are a couple in your early fourties. You have only one child, whom you love dearly. You are both deeply religious people and you are somewhat sceptical about other religions and other cultures. It will be quite a shock when your son/daughter introduces you to his/her girlfriend/boyfriend today.
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Enjoy Reading
5 Look up the following Norwegian proverbs in a dictionary and write down the English translations. Try to learn them off by heart. Perhaps you might use one or two in a discussion? a) Det er bedre med én fugl i hånden enn ti på taket. b) Stille vann har dypest grunn. c) Morgenstund har gull i munn.
Crossroads 10B
1 Discuss the following: a) What is the theme of the poem? b) Why does the poet use the word “animal” at the beginning of the poem? 2 Would you say “Mother” is prejudiced or racist? Discuss in a group. 3 Discuss the statement: “Mixed relationships and marriages are more likely to break down than non-mixed ones. This is due to differences in culture and religion.” 4 The title of the poem is a paraphrase of the proverb “Birds of a feather flock together”. What is the meaning of this proverb?
C Crossroads 10B 20
Thousands of Feet Below You Alice Walker is an African-American feminist writer. She is famous for her bestselling novel The Color Purple, which has been adapted into a film and a Broadway musical.
shatter (v) – splintre steaming (adj.) – dampende gracious (adj.) – her: sjenerøs brim (s) – rand, kant gather yourself – her: forbered deg på å gjøre noe vanskelig
Thousands of feet Below you There is a small Boy Running from Your bombs.
Enjoy Reading
If he were To show up At your mother’s House On a green Sea island Off the coast Of Georgia He’d be invited in For dinner.
Now, driven, You have shattered His bones. He lies steaming In the desert In fifty or sixty Or maybe one hundred Oily, slimy Bits If you survive & return To your island Home & your mother’s
Gracious Table Where the cup Of lovingkindness Overflows The brim (& From which No one In memory Was ever Turned) Gather yourself. Set a place For him. Alice Walker
1 Explain to a partner what you think the poet’s message is in this poem. 2 What is the meaning of the phrase “Where the cup of lovingkindness overflows the brim”? 3 Which adjectives would you use to describe the language in the poem? Jot them down and read them to a classmate. 4 Write down the reference in the poem to fertility and life. 5 Write your own poem about life and death.
BM
• Spennende temaer
• Virkelige møter med mennesker i den engelsktalende verden
Halvor Heger Nina Wroldsen
Dette er Crossroads:
• Leseglede og fengende tekster • Avvæpnende grammatikk • Lyd tatt på alvor
Crossroads er et læreverk i engelsk for 8.–10. trinn med følgende komponenter: Elevbok A og B, lydmateriell (CD-er), lærerveiledning og nettressurs. Elevbok A finnes også i digital og lettlest utgave. Crossroads er utviklet etter Læreplanverket for Kunnskapsløftet 2006 og etter justert fagplan i engelsk 2013. Møt menneskene, opplev kulturen og lær språket!
Crossroads
• Et mylder av oppgaver
10|B www.fagbokforlaget.no ISBN 978-82-11-01603-4
,!7II2B1-abgade!
Halvor Heger Nina Wroldsen
Crossroads 10|B Engelsk for ungdomstrinnet