Electric Vehicles Management for Carbon Neutrality in Europe
HorizonEurope—fundedprojectunderGrantAgreementno.101056765
Words from the Project Coordinator
DR. HUGO MORAIS IS A SENIOR RESEARCHER AT INESC ID AND AN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AT INSTITUTO SUPERIOR TÉCNICO
As we conclude Month 30, we are pleased to share an update on the project's latest advancements. The primary mission of EV4EU is to shape the future of e-mobility while addressing societal needs
Through the effort of all EV4EU partners, we are committed to contribute to that goal: we have nowcompleted 34 tasks, submitted 42 deliverables, of which 35 have already been approved, published 42 scientific articles, including conference (28) and journal (14) papers, and 20 students have presented their bachelor/ masterdissertations.
FOLLOW US
Over the past 6months, EV4EU has reached significant milestones.Allfourdemonstratorsites
are now fully operational, and all plannedtaskshavebeeninitiated. The developed methodologies and algorithms for houses, buildings, parking lots,companiesand energy communities are now being tested in the demonstrators installed in Portugal, Denmark, Greece and Slovenia. Our social media presence, particularly on LinkedIn, has continued to grow, and we’ve participated in over 70 events. In October we were part of ENLIT Europe 2024inMilan,amajorenergyforum where we had the opportunity to showcase the project to a wider audience, strengthen our network and share the achievements made sofar.
We have continued to support liaison activities with peer projects, reinforcing our shared commitment to advancing V2X methodologies that enhance mobility and contribute to the EU's energy transition.
With 12 months still to go, we are enthusiastic about the road ahead. Our efforts will remain focused on delivering all project outcomes and achieving the ambitious goal of
Stay updated on our latest developments and solutions by following us on social media and subscribing to ournewsletter.
The EV4EU project tackles emerging challenges related with the integration of Electric Vehicles (EVs) into the power system, transport sector and society at large. Currently at M30, the project has achieved significant progress and reached important milestones: a) development of several V2X management tools for houses, buildings, parking lots and EV fleet by small companies, b) characterization of the user needs and their perception, c) development of 12 business cases , d) development of flexible capacity contracts operated by DSOs and a VPP portfolio considering RES and ESS, e) development of a new V2X charging station considering Sharing Charging services and f) development of an open V2X management platform that allows information exchange between players and systems. These and other developed tools and solutions are already being tested in demonstrators installed in four European countries - Portugal, Denmark, Greece and Slovenia. Below is an overview of the project activities and the main tasks undertaken in the last six months. More information about the EV4EU can be found on Cordis and EV4EU website.
Integration
of V2X in Energy Communities Management
Various methodologies were developed to optimize energy community management based on user needs (Fig 1). The proposed methodologies include deterministic, stochastic, and metaheuristic optimization approaches, designed for energy communities with battery energy storage systems (BESS), solar panels, EVs, charging stations, generators, grid connections, loads, and power reserves. Additionally, V2X capabilities of EVs and chargers are also integrated. Overall, a key conclusion is that both the deterministic and stochastic models demonstrate excellent management of resources within the energy community. In the case of the stochastic model, this includes scheduling reserves based on imported grid power. In contrast, the metaheuristic models exhibit poor performance, using the available resources inefficiently.
The results show that deterministic and stochastic models effectively manage resources, with the stochastic model excelling in reserve scheduling based on grid power. However, metaheuristic models performed poorly, using resources inefficiently.
For a deeper analysis of the results, check our Deliverable D2.5 Integration of V2X in Energy Communities Management, soon available in our website under Resources
Definition and Development of a CityLevel Co-simulation Platform for V2X
This task was focused on defining and developing a City-Level Co-simulation platform for V2X. The methodology involves four key stages:
Traffic Simulation: Simulates electric vehicle (EV) movement.
Energy Requirements: Determines EV energy needs and identifies typical recharging locations.
Grid Integration: Incorporates the low voltage grid into the simulation.
Analysis and Optimization processes the results of the previous stage and estimates the number, locations, and power capacity of EV charging stations.
The task concluded with a simulation example in an area within the city of Lisbon, involving 1000 EVs over 7 days (Fig.2). The simulation revealed that 39 locations would be required to meet the demand of 1000 EVs, from which 23 would be new locations. The simulation recommended increasing the capacity of 21 of the already existing locations, maintaining 2 unaltered.
One general conclusion of the study is the importance of carefully selecting these stage options and providing essential input information to utilize the platform effectively. The tool can be veryimportantfortheplanningofcities.
More can be found in Deliverable D3.4 Definition and Development of a CityLevel Co-simulation
Fig.1– Energy Community details for UC (from Deliverable D2.5–Integration of V2X in Energy Communities Management)
platform for V2X, soon available in our website under Resources
Demand Response Programs Design for EVs
An analysis of demand response (DR) programs, both implicit and explicit, was conducted in three EV4EU project countries: Greece, Portugal, and Slovenia. Additionally, innovative DR programs were designed to address specific challenges related to electric vehicles (EVs) in each country. Key achievements included the selection and processing of relevant national energy market data, the development of models to assess the impact of EVs on these markets, and the specification of requirements for integrating new services into advanced distributed management systems (ADMS). Efforts were also made to ensure the DR programs' effectiveness in realworld scenarios by analyzing critical infrastructure data and aligning the programs with broader energy distribution goals and market dynamics . More about this work in Deliverable D4.5 Demand Response Programs
Design for EVs, soon available in our website under Resources
Control strategies for the optimal operation of electrified road freight and public transport
Electrifying heavy-duty road freight and passenger transportation is vital for achieving a sustainable transportation sector but remains a significant challenge due to the sector's high energy demands and rigid schedules.
While fleet electrification in Europe is in its early stages, promising growth is evident, with a 40% increase in electric heavy-duty truck registrations across Europe in 2024 compared to 2023.
Pilot projects in Denmark and Slovenia demonstrate that electrification is feasible with minimal impact on operations, though solutions must be tailored to specific fleet needs. A new methodology for bidirectional charging profitability (Fig.3) reveals that while operational patterns influence the viability of grid services and cost savings, challenges such as low spot price spreads and battery calendar degradation persist. Strategic charging schedules, aligned with operational requirements, are critical for minimizing costs and maximizing the potential of electrified fleets.
More information on this work provided in Deliverable D2.6 Control strategies for the optimal operation of electrified road freight and public transport, soon available in the EV4EU website under Resources.
EV4EU Zenodo and GitHub communities are also growing. Do not miss our contributions to the e-mobility field. EV4EU Zenodo community counts with 4 records and the EV4EU GitHub community with 9 repositories.
Fig.2– Co-simulation optimal selected locations for electric vehicle supply equipments (EVSE) in Lisbon (from Deliverable D3.4 Definition and Development of a City-Level Co-simulation Platform for V2X )
Fig.3 – Overview from of power and monetary flows in frameworks: a) Fleet vehicle-to-grid (V2G), b) Fleet V2G + frequency containment reserve for disturbance operation (FCR-D). (from Deliverable D2.6 Control strategies for the optimal operation of electrified road freight and
4 4 12 42
Countries Demos Use Cases
Month duration
Six months after the last General Assembly in Athens, the 5th edition of the EV4EU meeting was hosted by EDA on São Miguel island, Azores, the Portuguese Demonstrator . Read more >>
The V2X Cluster met at INESC TEC in Porto on June 27th, taking advantage of the presence of project partners attending the IEEE MELECON Conference Read more >>
EV4EU Portuguese partners met in Lisbon for an overview meeting of the work being developed under the Portuguese Demonstrator including partners from INESC-ID, SEL, and EDP NEW to discuss the latest developments of the Demo test Labs. Read more >>
Between June 25 and 27, EV4EU researchers Matej Zajc (UL), Hugo Morais, Cindy P. Guzman and Herbert Amezquita (INESC-ID, Portugal) attended the 22nd edition of the IEEE MELECON 2024 Conference in Porto, Portugal. Read more >>
The CIRED 2024 Vienna Workshop was an opportunity for the project to be part of one of the main international European electricity distribution community meeting points. Read more >>
The Danish Demo in Bornholm was the stage of another EV4EU technical visit hosted by project partners at DTU. The event took place at Campus Bornholm test site and included members of BEOF and Baltic Energy Island, to demonstrate the operation of newly developed autonomous chargers. Read more >>
Participant partners
Associated partners M€ EU Contribution
After nearly a year of intensive work and a technical meeting in June in Lisbon to test the demo control architecture, the project has moved from the Lab to EDA facilities on the Island of São Miguel, Azores . Read more >>
EV4EU researchers Hugo Morais and former project researcher Alberto Rodrigues da Silva, both from INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, have been ranked among the world’s leading scientists, according to the 2024 edition of “Stanford World’s Top 2% Scientists”. Read more >>
The EV4EU project was highlighted at the Smart Summit in Lagoa in the Azores, one of the largest innovation and entrepreneurship events in the Portuguese island. Read more >>
The EV4EU project was part of the 2024 edition of Enlit Europe in Milan, one of Europe’s leading conferences and exhibitions, gathering 15,000 energy experts from across the energy sector. Read more >>
In September EV4EU researchers Igor Mendek, Tim Marentič and Matej Zajc, from the University of Ljubljana attended the 33rd International Electrotechnical and Computer Science Conference (ERK 2024) and in October 17 presented the project during the Slovenian Energy Conference VEK 2024. Read more >>
EV4EU researchers from DTU presented seven (7) new publications in two distinct events: the 8th workshop on E-Mobility Power System Integration Symposium in Helsinki and the IEEE ISGT Europe 2024 in Dubrovnik. Read more >>
António Jerónimo, a master’s student at Técnico and INESC ID, won third place in the 2024 edition of the REN Award. The award-winning thesis, “Modelling Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Flexibility for Long-Term Distribution Network Planning“ was developed under the EV4EU project (2023). Read more >>
The Danish demo explores the advantages of integrating Vehicle-toEverything (V2X) strategies in the energy management of parking lots integrating renewables, based in two locations. Risø is a research campus of DTU located in Roskilde, Campus Bornholm is an educational institute in the main town of Rønne, on the island of Bornholm. Both parking lots are in working places, but while the first one offers limited access to non-workers, the second one is fully accessible to the public and has therefore different needs and usage patterns.
“Behind the Paper”
EV4EU researcher Cindy P. Gúzman recently shared a personal reflection on her journey, research, and perspective on the evolving EV landscape in Nature's Scientific Data "Behind the Paper" blog section.
EV4EU in “in FOCUS” Greek Magazine
The EV4EU Project featured in the latest Edition of the in FOCUS Magazine, a publication by the Hellenic Association for Energy Economics (HAEE), presented by the Greek partner Public Power Corporation (PPC).
Despite the different settings, the installed EV charging infrastructure is identical at both locations, comprising 6 AC chargers (22 kW) each with two outlets, providing the opportunity for 12 EVs to be connected simultaneously.
The charging infrastructure is integrated via a 43kW grid connection and operated through a load management system enabling the maintenance of aggregated consumption below a specified threshold. This offers various benefits, such as preventing component overloading or the provisionofservices.
Users of the charging infrastructure will start their charging sessions through an app developed as part of the project. This app allows the user to provide key inputs, such as the anticipated parking time and the required energy, enabling the load management system to consider user preferences while controlling the overall cluster consumption.
The team has established several sub-objectives, including power limitation and sharing, tracking the renewable generation of the local 180 kW PV plant installed at the school, phase balancing, energy scheduling (prioritization of user needs), charging based on electricity price or CO2 content, robustness against communication loss, and user response to varying energy prices.
The Demo is being led by HEDNO, with INESC ID, Citroen, AEH and DTU.
More on EV4EU website.
The Open V2X Management Platform: an intelligent charging station management system. Christos Dalamagkas C., Melissianos VD, Papadakis G., Georgakis A., Nikiforidis VM, Hrissagis-Chrysagis K. Information Systems journal
Dataset on Electric Road Mobility: Historical and Evolution Scenarios until 2050 Cavalcante, I., Rodrigues da Silva, A., Zajc, M. et al. Nature Scientific Data
Time Series Problems in the Energy Sector. Dalamagkas C., Georgakis A., Papadopoulos I., Hrissagis-Chrysagis K., Papadakis G.
Open V2X Management Platform CyberResiliece and Data Privacy Mechanisms
Lekidis A., Morais H. ARES ’24: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (Article No.: 139, Pages 1 – 8).
D.2.3. Optimal management of V2X in parking lots
D.2.4. Optimal management of EV fleets in companies.
D.4.4. Impact of mass deployment of V2X in energy markets and services.
D.5.5. Open V2X Management Platform
Experimental Investigation of a Distributed Architecture for EV Chargers Performing Frequency Control Striani S., Pedersen K., Engelhardt J., Marinelli M. World Electrical Vehicle Journal
Forecasting Electric Vehicles Charging Behavior in Charging Stations: A Data ScienceBased Approach Amezquita H., P. Guzman C., Morais H. Energies Journal.
A Case Study on Electric Vehicles as Nationwide Battery Storage to Meet Slovenia’s Final Energy Consumption with Solar Energy Mendek I., Marentič T., Anžur K, Zajc M. Energies Journal.
EV4EU – Upravljanje Elektricnih Vozil Za Ogljicno Nevtralnost Evrope: Razvoj Storitev Proznosti V Demonstracijskem Okolju (in Slovenian). Mendek I., Marentič T., Anzur k., Smole A., Morais H., Zajc M., 4th Conference of the Slovenian Association for Energy
EV4EU – Upravljanje električnih vozil za ogljično nevtralnost Evrope: priložnosti in izzivi tehnologij V2X pri vzpostavitvi trga prožnosti (in Slovenian). Zajc M, Marentič T., Smole A., Morais H. VEK 2024 Conference (Slovenia).
Optimal set of electric vehicles user profiles for participation in services (in Slovenian). Mendek I., Marentič T., Anžur K., Zajc M.. ERK 2024 Conference (Portorož, Slovenia)
Development of EV profiles for testing selected use cases with V2X technology (in Slovenian). Marentič T., Mendek I., Golubović D., Anžur K., Zajc M. ERK 2024 Conference (Portorož, Slovenia).
The Open V2X Management Platform Dalamagkas C., Georgakis A., Hrissagis-Chrysagis K., Papadakis G. Web Engineering Conference – pp 133–146 (ICWE 2024).
Smart Electric Vehicle Management vs. Battery Storage for Energy Communities: A Case Study from Denmark F. Pastorelli, T. Unterluggauer, B. J. Hoyer, M. M. Wagner, M. Marinelli. 8th workshop on E-Mobility Power System Integration Symposium (Helsinki).
Machine Learning Based Forecasting of EV Charging Load in a Parking Lot for Optimal Participation in Frequency Service J. M. Mittag, M. Secchi, J. M. Zepter, A. Malkova, M. Marinelli. 8th workshop on E-Mobility Power System Integration Symposium (Helsinki).
Frequency Control in EV Clusters: Experimental Validation and Time Response Analysis of Centralized and Distributed Architectures P. Zunino, J. Engelhardt, S. Striani, K. L. Pedersen, M. Marinelli. IEEE PES ISGT EUROPE 2024 (Dubrovnik).
Repurposing Second Life EV Battery for Stationary Energy Storage Applications T. Reschiglian, K. Sevdari, M. Marinelli. IEEE PES ISGT EUROPE 2024 (Dubrovnik).
Enhancing phase balance in electric vehicle clusters: a smart charging approach using phase mode switching. X. Cao, J. Engelhardt, C. Ziras, M. Marinelli. IEEE PES ISGT EUROPE 2024 (Dubrovnik).
Receding horizon optimization for distributed control of electric vehicle charging station. A. Malkova, J. M. Zepter, M. Marinelli, H. Amezquita, H. Morais. IEEE PES ISGT EUROPE 2024 (Dubrovnik).
Implementation of priority-based scheduling for electric vehicles through local distributed control K. L. Pedersen, S. Striani, J. Engelhardt, M. Marinelli. IEEE PES ISGT EUROPE 2024 (Dubrovnik).
D5.6. APIs and APPs allowing V2X user interaction
Conference "Driving Energy Transition in EU: the role of Electric Mobility" and EV4EU GA
January 14-15, 2025
Location: Lisbon, Portugal
Power2Drive
May 7-9, 2025
Location: Munich, Germany
Electric Vehicle Conference 2025
May 14-16, 2025
Location: Stuttgart, Germany
EVS 38 Symposium & Exhibition
June 15-18, 2025
Location: Gothenburg; Sweden
CIRED 2025
June 16-19, 2025
Location: Geneva, Switzerland
IEEE PES General Meeting
July 27-31, 2025
Location: Austin, Texas (USA)
IN BRIEF
Bornholms Energi & Forsyning (Denmark)
Bornholms Energi & Forsyning is the main utility company on the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea. The company handles the operational tasks within electricity, heating, water and waste water for a large part of the households on Bornholm and is currently involved in more than 15 large research and development projects within the four different supply ranges.
Under the EV4EU project, Bornholms Energi & Forsyning is involved in the Danish demonstrator.
Website
Electricidade Dos Açores (EDA) (Portugal)
EDA is the electricity utility of the Azores and is responsible for the production and acquisition, transmission, distribution and commercialization of electricity in all nine islands of the Azores Archipelago.
EDA´s role in EV4EU is to contribute with the experience and knowledge of operating 9 microgrids and assist the implementation of the Portuguese demonstrator. At EDA’s demonstration site, the project is testing EV Fleet Management for SMEs focusing on light passenger transport. With six charging points, the site will support a fleet of at least 32 electric vehicles and test Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) smart control strategies tailored to the needs of companies managing their fleets.
Website
Follow us:
EV4EUNewsletter
Subscription here
Elektro Celje (Slovenia)
Elektro Celje is a part of the electric power system of the Republic of Slovenia and one of the five electricity distribution companies in the country. Elektro Celje is in charge of the supervision, management and operation of the electricity distribution network, as well as maintenance, construction and refurbishment of electric power distribution lines and devices in an area extending 22 % of the total territory of Slovenia.
EV4EU Demonstration locations will be held around Elektro Celje where existing GEN-I customers will target within the preselected substation. Elektro Celje will provide a platform for connecting the ADMS system with W2G. For participating households, a smart Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) station will be deployed. The main goal is to analyze the impact of the home V2X management on the grid and the capacity needed.
Website
CONTACT US
Funded by European Union Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 101056765.
Views and opinions expressed in this document are however those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency. Neither the European Union nor the grating authority can be held responsible for them.