Architectural Portfolio by Eric Tse

Art Link

Professional Diploma in Architectural Studies Architectural Design 3 Portfolio Year 3 (23/24) Semester 1 Tse Kei Chun 20183983 erickctse@gmail.com

1. Critical Comparative Analysis Incremental Housing by ELEMENTAL The general brief of this studio is to design a new type of housing to meet the uplifting demand of artists' community in Wong Chuk Hang, which is a traditional industrial area.

Firstly, the Incremental Housing project by ELEMENTAL was researched, design principles such as goemetry, circulation and building mode were extracted and used in subsequent design process.

The ELEMENTAL studio is headed by artistic director Alejandro Aravena, winner of the Pritzker Prize in 2016. The studio is based in the capital of Chile, Santiago.

The agency's slogan "half of a good house" defines their strategy in a simplified manner. ELEMENTAL builds “half houses” at the same cost and enables customers to build the other halves themselves. The combination of good design and the engagement of the owners creates more sustainable housing areas.

IQUIQUE, CHILE

MONTERREY, MEXICO

Year

2003

2010

Country

Chile

Mexico

City

Iquique

Monterrey

Area

5000 sqm

6591 sqm

Size

100 families

70 families

Initial House Area

36 sqm

40 sqm

Expanded House Area

72 sqm (includes rear yard 18 sqm)

59 sqm (no rear yard)

Initial Duplex Area

36 sqm

40 sqm

Expanded Duplex Area

72 sqm

77 sqm

MONTERREY Expansion framework

Household Units before expansion

The "difficult half" contains kitchen, bathroom and stair.

Below is plans of 1 House and 1 Duplex unit.

Household Units after expansion 3/f view from top

2/f view from top

1/f view from top

N

IQUIQUE, CHILE Site Plan (1:500)

MONTERRY, MEXICO Site Plan (1:500)

4

3 2

1

2

1

MONTERREY, MEXICO (1:500)

Public vs Private Given that almost 50% of the sqm of the complex will be self-built, this building is porous so that the growth can occur within the structure. In 2003, before IQUIQUE was built, participatory design workshops were conducted with the stakeholders.

In reality, 15 years after it is built, all but one of the original 93 households have extended their house with 60 expanding beyond the framework defined

by ELEMENTAL - With no formal governance structures overseeing development - Public and private space not clear (lot of remnant spaces beside the blocks) - Resident build fourth floor - Many rear yards are now fully enclosed within the house (no openings for natural light and ventilation) - Subdivisions and subletting activities extend household sizes to such an extent that up to 11 people live in one house

For above issues, lessons are learnt and in later projects like MONTERREY, ELEMENTAL provided the solutions - A continuous roof top, prevent resident from building the forth floor - Clear public and private space ownership, shared courtyard by moving all car park to the exterier Following Voronoi diagram shows the conceptual ownership of the space, in MONTERREY garden is co-owned by all.

Voronoi diagram of IQUIQUE

Voronoi diagram of MONTERREY

2a. Testing Ground Research Landform Analysis

By researching, analyzing, observing and experiencing the contgextual fabric, we were trying to understand Wong Chuk Hang's potentials and constraints, allowing our design to initiate, evolve and develop.

We site visited the study area and mapped the ventigation (above), and noise source (right).

Wong Chuk Hang Noise Map (Oct 2023)

Wong Chuk Hang Vegetation Map (Oct 2023)

Podium Green

Vertical Green

Mobile Green

Scrub

Tree

Grassland Hill

Flyover

Construction Site

Railway

Below is sun diagram and shadow frequency diagram of the region which is generated in ArcGIS Pro. Right top is Graffiti we mapped during the site visit Right bottom is a micro analysis - Sky View Dome of the study site (Sun Hing Industrial Building) of the two sides of the building

SunSun Diagrams Diagrams 12PM 9AM 3PM

6PM East

West At ~3:30pm Facing East

Facing West

Facing South

Wong Chuk Hang Shadow Frequency (7 Apr 2023 6AM-6PM) Taken Hourly

Wong Chuk Hang Shadow Frequency (7 Oct 2023 6AM-6PM) Taken Hourly

Wong Chuk Hang Graffiti Map (Oct 2023)

source:1

source:2

source:1 source 1 - https://www.lifestyleasia.com/hk/culture/art/hkwalls-2017-incredible-murals-graffiti-street-art/ source 2 - Google Street View

Micro Analysis - Sky View

2b. Testing Ground Research Macro Analysis (3-Min Walking Distance Analysis)

Assumption: walk distance is 80m per minute Analysis in following 4 aspects: Good: GREEN - Covers 32000 sqm country park and country park entrance, 41 street trees TRANSPORT - Direct distance to MTR = 80m, covers 6 bus stops Fair: SUN LIGHT - Insufficient sunlight according to shadow study and sky view dome study Poor: NOISE - Nearby flyover and railway, high noise level

3. Conceptualizing and Prototyping Sun Hing Industrial Building We attempted to create a hybrid living and studio space for sculptors. First we understood the requirements of the artists as following, which provide the directions of the design

Requirements - Room for making and storing art works (higher head room) - Room for displaying and exhibiting the art works - Room for exchange with other artists and public - Well-lit possibly with day light - Logistics of the art works to the ground level or display area - Inspiration space As the site we are working on is an traditional industrial building, which might not be suitable for living purpose. So we need to first work on the subgoal which is to design a place suitable for human living. And we think the following aspects are important.

- Sufficient day lighting - Sufficient natural ventilation - Noise reduction and sound proof from the busy traffic (MTR)

Design If we treat building as a sculpture, the two primitive operations are push and pull. Inspired by Shinonome project in Tokyo, we found that by pushing the facade to form a void area with 2x floor height, it can - Provide a display area of large art works to public on the street - Provide a platform for logistics of work from studio to the ground level by using crane - Provide a common area for gathering of tenants - Allow day light and fresh air to flow to inner space of the building

On the other hand, Pull can - Provide balcony as an area of inspiration - Provide external staircase to connect different floors (a dedicated Art Link for public to visit artists studio and exhibition area) Basically, Push provides a semi private space for Artists to present their works for public, and Pull provides a semi public space for public to access the art village and interact with artists (We call it Art Link).

For design of basic hybrid module, studio will have more headroom for work (2x floor height) We also plan to have exhibition area on the ground level, so pedestrian can enjoy art works while passing through the building which is a shortcut passage between Yip Fat Street and Wong Chuk Hang Road.

Following is an attempt to evaluate 4 design options of the hybrid module based on a scoring system.

Basic rules: Studio is 2x of living area, orientation as parameter.

Variations

A

B

C

D

Win Area to Street (STUDIO) 2 2

Win Area to Void (LIVING) 4 0

Win Area to Void (STUDIO) 0 4

LIVING Near LIFT?

A B

Win Area to Street (LIVING) 2 2

C D

0 4

4 0

2 2

2 2

1 1

0 1

STUDIO near VOID? (Logistics) 0 2 (1 mark for larger opening) 1 1

Assume day light from street side is double of that from building void i.e. Lighting score = 2 x Win Street + Win Void Logistics is relative hard constraint so we put heavier weight After normalize the value and sum up different factors, we get the final score of the 4 options, and option B is winner

Day Lighting Day Lighting (LIVING) (STUDIO)

LIVING Near LIFT?

A

8

4

0

STUDIO near VOID? (Logistics) 0

Score

B

4

8

1

2

3.7

C

2

10

1

1

2.95

D

10

2

1

1

2.95

Weight

1

1

1

1.5

1.2

4. Synthetization Sustainability Feature Air Chimney

To address the subgoal of designing a livable space, sustainability feature is added to the building, one of them is a air chimney, which pull air out of the building.

Below section diagram illustrate how fresh air is ventilated in the building.

Sustainability Feature Double Slab System

As industrial building has relatively higher ceiling, we evaluated the feasibility of double slab system to bring in fresh air as well as installing the fibre optics which guide day light from the side to the core of the building. But we found that the headroom to beam is only 2.1 m after implemented which is less than the required 2.3 m in the building ordinance, although the headroom to ceiling is 2.7 m. Which is due to the large beam size in the industrial building. A workaround is to design more compact double slab system.

Art Link -

The Link between Artists and Public There is a dedicated pathway for the public to access the gallery and go up to different floors and interact with the artists, we called it Art Link because it link up the artists and the public. Pedestrian from the street can also view the people flow of it through the external staircases and void volume.

On the other hand, the artists will use the lifts and original staircases to access their studio and living units.

Below is a rendering of the gallery at the G/F, part of the slab in 1/F is removed to allow higher ceiling and hanging art works above.

Grid system for incremental building We designed the incremental building based on the grid system, which restricts all incremental elements to have width and height meetting the the grid requirements, first we use 6 equally sized blocks for each floor but later we changed to 8 equally sized blocks.

Incremental options and mapping with design goals of livability and artists requirements

Mode Height Mode Height–– Incremental Options Width Width- -

Op�on1 Op�on1

Mode

Op�on1 Options

PUSH

PUSH

Depth Height – Depth Width -– Mode 1-1-1 Height Height -PUSH Width -1-1-1 Dpeth PUSH Mode

1-1-1

2-2-2

PUSH

PUSH

PUSH PUSH

PUSH

PUSH

PUSH

PUSH

2-3-2

PUSH PUSH PUSH

PUSH

PUSH

Width Depth Depth 1-1-1

Op�on1

Op�on2 Op�on2 Op�on2 Op�on2

1-1-1

2-2-2 2-2-2

2-2-2

2-2-2

2-3-2

2-3-2 2-3-2

2-2-1

2-2-1

PUSH

2-2-1

PUSH PUSH

2-2-1 2-2-1

PULL

1-1-1

PULL PULL PULL

1-1-1 1-1-1 1-1-1

PULL

1-2-1

PULL PULL PULL

1-2-1 1-2-1 1-2-1

PULL

1-3-1

PULL PULL PULL

1-3-1 1-3-1 1-3-1

Local rules for shaping the building - Two push with 2x height should have vertical distance max 4 min 2 - Push with width 2-3 shoud not cross the column in the middle - Pull should happen at floor(push)-1. At opposite side of push above

Participatory Facade Building as sculpture

We finally came up the following incremental options for our building facade renovation design Option

Functions for Living

Functions for Artists

Window

Lighting and ventilation

Exchange area with people outside

Balcony

Lighting and ventilation

Inspiration More living space (2.160m2)

Corridor

Ventilation to building core

Semi public area for exchange

Glass panel

Lighting

Private optional display area

Special Balcony (1x2) Reduce noise from front traffic (MTR) Street view at different side Ventilation of south east wind in summer

More living space (2.331m2)

Void (2x3)

Exchange area Display area Logistics of big art work to ground

Lighting and ventilation to building core

Above is the finalized facade grid system

The draft of the facade options arrangement

Special Balcony (1x2) Following is a reference incremental option designed base on different sustainability aspects of the site

View Alternative view to the East side of the building which is further than the view in front

Ventilation From HKO data, between 2023-06-01 to 2023-08-31 at Wong Chuk Hang, total 92 days 90-270 degree - 75 days 90-130 degree - 41 days Special balcony allows convention ventilation to bring out hot air

Noise Reduce the noise of busy traffice (railway) from the front

Lego like facade system Inspired by ELEMENTAL Incremental housing, in which house owners can participate in the design process, we proposed to install a lego like framework in the facade of the building, and allow building owners easily propose their own incremental design options based on the standards provided. Not to mention, with this lego like facade system, all incremental options can be reused and reduce construction waste.

Submission Process 1. Building owner request for incremental options 2. Submit request to Building Management Office.

2. Check if has stocks in storeroom, otherwise manufactored in factory.

3. Shipped to site and install 4. Owner can even design their incremental options based on standards

Site Model

Study Model of Module

Final Model

1:100 Section

Gallery

Reception

Lift Lobby

Shop

Gallery

Carpark

1:100 Plan G/F

Toilet

Lift Lobby

Shop

Gallery

1:100 Plan 1/F

Toilet

Lift Lobby

Gallery

1:100 Plan 2/F

Toilet Lift Lobby

Theatre

Function Hall

1:100 Plan 3/F

Gallery Canteen

Toilet Lift Lobby

Podium Garden

1:100 Plan 4/F

Toilet Lift Lobby

Living Area / Studio

1:100 Plan 5/F

Typical unit for family: Living area = 72.369m2 headroom 3m Studio area = 64.532m2 headroom 6m

Studio

Living Area

Toilet Lift Lobby

Exchange Area

Studio

Living Area

Typical unit for single: Living area = 33.045m2 headroom 3m Studio area = 25.560m2 headroom 6m

1:100 Plan 6/F

Higher headroom for studio purpose

Movable wall for logistics of art work

1:50 Section Typical Unit

Art Link

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